台灣ASAP使用者會議

Taiwan ASAP User Conference

ASAP在非成像系統的優化方法
ASAP : Optimization tips for Non-Image Optics

歐崇仁
crou@mail.hit.edu.tw
台中 修平技術學院 電機工程系
0921182917
中華民國九 八年四月三 日 新竹煙波飯店

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 1

1. Optimization in ASAP
2. Syntax $ITER
3. How? GUI and Merit Function
4. Two Case Study

• 感謝 BRO Research, RayTrain Optics

非常歡迎您可以將此投影片電子檔提供給需要的人員作為
非營利的研究參考用 但前提為請勿移除本電子檔的密碼
此外本講義內容目前撰寫光學教學書籍中 敬請您協助維
護合作單位相關的權益 謝謝您
C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 2

1
C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 3

Last Year

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 4

2
太陽於天球上運行軌跡

冬至 春、秋分 夏至 冬至 春、秋分 夏至 春、秋分 夏至

北緯 0o 北緯 45o 北緯 90o
(赤道) (北極)

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 5

Non Imaging
Optimizations are
still not easy

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 6

3
However
1. ASAP Provide More than 1000 INR Files for your
optimization Applications – they are reliable and free
2. Translation between Existing INR File for Optimization
Purpose is simple (but not necessary easy)

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 7

Optimization in ASAP
Much Longer history than other software

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 8

4
 ABERRATIONS
MINIMIZE
…

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 9

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 10

5
 Rule1 : PIXELS + AVERAGE
Improved the S/N Ratio

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 11

2nd Syntax of $ITER

SVD – Singular Value Decomposition

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 12

6
 Example : $ITER FOC 10 50 0.05 Æ (50-10)*0.05=2

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 13

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 14

7
 /
(ITER 400, FOC*=60) (ITER 400, FOC*=30)

/
(ITER 100, FOC*=60) (ITER 100, FOC*=30)

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 15

You need to take care on the warnings messages!!

(ITER 100, FOC*=45)

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 16

8
 NSTEPS=0 NSTEPS=1 NSTEPS=100 NSTEPS=400

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 17

Optimization GUI and Number of

Variables Problems
ASAP 2008

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 18

9
C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 19

/
C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 20

10
 /
C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 21

Rule2 : Using no more than 2

important variables for one
optimization

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 22

11
核能研究所

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 23

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 24

12
GET (ASAP Command)

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 25

FILE ASAP2009_7.INR

V1=3.0 V1=4.57

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 26

13
C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 27

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 28

14
C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 29

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 30

15
C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 31

Rule 3 : Using the Powerful

Optical Data Base for MF,
also test the MF in EXCEL

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 32

16
 Summary

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 33

1. Calibration is required (SEED)

2. Building the Robust Merit Function
3. Number of Rays and S/N Ratio of Merit
Function (Noise Level)
4. Number of Important Parameters
5. Brute Force is unacceptable!

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 34

17
 1. SPOT & SPREAD
2. EXTREMES
3. GET Æ Solar Cells
4. DISPLAY
5. TABLE Æ Uniformity
6. $grab

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 35

LED/OLED Layer Case

Started : C.R.Ou International Display Workshop, Japan, 2003

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 36

18
OLED發光效率

η ext = γ bal • γ st • q •η coupling

γ bal 稱為電荷平衡因子(charge balance factor)，

γ st 稱為singlet-triplet ratio,q 稱為發光效率(Luminescent Efficiency)，

q 稱為發光效率(Luminescent Efficiency)，

η coupling 稱為輸出耦合效率(optical output coupling efficiency)

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 37

輸出耦合效率展開

η coupling = η coupling ( nITO , norg , t ITO , torg )

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 38

19
模擬要點
• 本文使用光學軟體ASAP撰寫巨集來進行模擬

• 每一次的實驗產生的資料為2500個資料點

• 每一點若追跡光線10,000條，則於PIII-800約為2.6hr

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 39

實驗安排

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 40

20
分析策略

1. 實驗(E1,E2,E3)可以研究在折射率有變化的情
況下厚度變化導致的效應

2. 實驗(E6,E7,E8)可以探討厚度與折射率同時變
異的效果

3. 實驗(B0,B1,B2,B3)可以探討光線數目的效應

4. 實驗(E2,E8)可以探討 ITO 層折射率的效應

5. 實驗(E2,E7)可以探討ORG層折射率的效應

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 41

Results (1)

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 42

21
Results(2)

• 由(E2/E7)發現當厚度有變化時,且nORG =1.7，nITO於
1.55~1.65之間的變化得到的光耦合效率差異會減少。

• 由(E2/E8)發現當厚度有變化時, nITO =1.6， nORG於

1.65~1.75之間的變化不會對於光耦合效率有顯著的
影響

• 由(E1,E2,E3)得知厚度變化對於OLED耦合效率在沒有
其他效率的考量下(如吸收或多重反射)沒有影響

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 43

Results(3) ASAP or EXCEL

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 44

22
For this case…

• ITO層的折射率變化影響最小，ORG層的折射率影響
較大。

• 製程導致的厚度變異影響可以忽略 (不考慮色偏，多
重反射與吸收機制)

• 發光耦合效率平均約為33%，文獻估計值27%應偏低

• ASAP協助進行二階分析與ANOVA計算

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 45

Reflector Case
Started : C.R.Ou International Display LED Conference,
Korea, 2007

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 46

23
SCENARIO 2

1. No particular USERAPOD

2. No scattering on surface

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 47

BENDING & FOCUSING

~ 40 % EFL<2mm

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 48

24
BENDING & FOCUSING cont.

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 49

DIMENSIONS
H* H * /W y
s * ≡ Tanθ = = =
W − L 1− L /W 1− x
H = kH * (k = 2 for example)
z≡
R 0 ≤ L ≤ W ,0 ≤ H
s = 2s * W

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 50

25
DIMENSIONS cont.

For a group of fixed R and H

(s, z) can represent a set of reflector design within the fixed (R,H) space

W = R/z
H* y
y= x = 1− L = xW
W s
R/H Ratio as third parameter 0≤s≤∞
0≤ z≤∞ 0 ≤ z ≤1

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 51

No Energy No Energy

Θ=90° Θ=0°

sÆ ∞ s= 0

No scattering

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 52

26
RESULTS
Company
A,B,C Keep in mind : what the Merit Function is ?

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 53

More….FEM MODELS

Manufacturing issues : Statistics

analysis on the LED

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 54

27
 Conclusions

You need BOTH

good tool, and a lot
of adaptive toolbox

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 55

1. Reduced Number of Important Parameters is

the only way to success (no more than 2 at
one time are suggest for reliable design)

2. Rays@Color = 5~10 times Rays@Illumination

3. Using ASAP Samples files – They are reliable!

4. Files are compatible and can work in ASCII

Mode - 絕對不要小看這個問題

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 56

28
 Thank you, Questions?

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 57

C.R.Ou : Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 58

29