Civil Service Exam Syllabus

Philosophy Preliminary Syllabus

Problems of Philosophy

Substance and Attributes :

Aristotle, Descartes, Locke, Berkeley's criticism, Nyaya-Viasesika,
Buddhist criticism of Pudgala.

God, Soul and the World :

Thomas Acquinas, St. Augustine, Spinoza, Descartes, Nyaya-Vaisesika,
Sankara, Ramanuja.

Universals :
Realism and Nominalism (Plato, Aristotle, Berkeley's criticism of
abstract ideas, Nyay-Vaisesika, Buddhism).

Bases of Knowledge :
Pramanavada in Carvaka, Nyaya-Vaisesika, Buddhism, Advaita
Vedanta.

Truth and Error :

Correspondence Theory, Coherence theory, Pragmatic Theory;
Khyativada (Anyathakhyati, Akhyati, Anivacaniyakhyati).

Matter and Mind :

Descartes, Spinoza, Leibnitz, Berkerley.

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Logic

Truth and Validity

Classification of sentences : Traditional and Modern.

Syllogism : Figures and Moods; Rules of Syllogism (General and

special) validation by Venn Diagrames; Formal Fallacies.

Sentential Calculus : Symbolisation; Truth-Functions and their

interdefinability; Truth Tables; Formal Proof.

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Ethics

Statement of fact and statement of value.

Right and Good; Teleology and Deontology.

Psychological Hedonism.

Utilitarianism (Bentham; J.S. Mill).

Kantian Ethics.

Problem of the freedom of will.

Moral Judgements : Descriptivism, Prescriptivism, Emotivism.

Niskamakarma : Sthitaprajna.

Jaina Ethics

Four Noble Truths and Eight fold path in Buddhism.

Gandhian Ethics : Satya, Ahimsa, Ends and Means.

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