A

'Abasa "He frowned".

1

The Abbasid Caliphs (132-656

A.H./75-125! A.".#
2

Abbe$

Abbo%

Abdi&a%ion

1
. The blind 'an %ha% is referred %o in %his s(rah is Abd(llah ibn
)'' *a+%o('. ,(rah - of %he Hol$ .(r'an.
2
. The$ ass('ed %he Calipha%e followin/ %he )'a$$ads. The$
%ra&e %heir linea/e %o Al-0Abbas1 %he 2rophe%'s (n&le. Af%er half a
&en%(r$ of se&re% arran/e'en%s1 %he Abbasid 3e4ol(%ion be/an in
5h(rasan (nder %he leadership of Ab( *(sli' Al-5h(rasani1 13
A.H./76- A.". "(rin/ %heir r(le %he *(sli' e'pire rea&hed i%s 7eni%h in
all aspe&%s of life. Their firs% Caliph was Ab( Al-0Abbas Al-,affah. He
was followed b$ Ab( 8a0far Al-*ans(r who ended %he re4ol(%ionar$
period1 reaffir'ed %heir r(le and es%ablished 9a/hdad1 %he &api%al1
whi&h wi%nessed a s&ien%ifi&1 &(l%(ral and li%erar$ renaissan&e %ha%
s%re%&hed %hro(/ho(% %he *iddle Cen%(ries. )nfor%(na%el$1 %he s%a%e
e4en%(all$ be/an %o de&line and s(ffer fro' wea+ness and
de&en%rali7a%ion. *an$ pe%%$ s%a%es e'er/ed s(&h as %he T(l(nids1 %he
:+hshidids and %he ;a%i'ids. The *on/ols des%ro$ed %he Abbasid
Calipha%e and Al-*(s%a0si'1 %he las% &aliph1 was +illed b$ H(le/(.
1
Abd(l *(%%alib
3

Abdullah } 'Abd Allah
4
a
Aberran&e
_9m
Abili%$
u_n ,g
Ab<(ra%ion
- _Sp -a._V
ua
3
. =Abd(l *(%%alib was %he ni&+na'e of %he /randfa%her of
*(ha''ad ,. Hashi' bin 'Abd *anaf1 %he /rea%-/randfa%her of
*(ha''ad , was %he &hief of *a++ah and also a &are%a+er of %he
5a>bah. Thro(/h his %radin/ &ara4ans1 he had bro(/h% prosperi%$ %o
*a++ah. He had 'ade *a++ah %he %radin/ &api%al of Arabia. "(rin/
one of his b(siness %rips1 &ara4an of Hashi' bin 'Abd *anaf s%opped a%
?a%hrib (*adinah#. There1 he 'arried ,al'a bin% =A'r of %he lo&al
@a<<ar %ribe. A few da$s af%er his 'arria/e1 Hashi' bin 'Abd *anaf
&on%in(ed on his b(siness %rip. "(rin/ %ha% <o(rne$1 he fell si&+ and
died of his illness. His fellow %ra4elers b(ried hi' in Aha7a. A few
'on%hs af%er %he dea%h of Hashi' bin 'Abd *anaf1 his widow ,al'a
/a4e bir%h %o his son. Tha% bo$ was na'ed =A'r bin Hashi'1 b(%
e4er$one &alled hi' ,ha$bah (Bld 'an# be&a(se he had a b(n&h of
whi%e hair a% bir%h. 9a&+ in *a++ah1 Al *(%%alib bin 'Abd *anaf1 a
$o(n/er bro%her of Hashi' bin 'Abd *anaf ass('ed %he
responsibili%ies of %he offi&es of %he 5a'bah af%er hi'. 9$ &han&e1 Al
*(%%alib bin 'Abd *anaf fo(nd o(% %ha% his nephew1 son of his elder
bro%her Hashi' bin 'Abd *anaf1 was /rowin/ (p in ?a%hrib (*adinah#
wi%h his 'o%her and 'a%ernal (n&les. Al *(%%alib bin 'Abd *anaf
de&ided %o re%(rn %he weal%h of Hashi' bin 'Abd *anaf %o his son
,ha$bah. Al *(%%alib bin 'Abd *anaf %ra4eled %o ?a%hrib (*adinah# %o
brin/ his nephew ba&+ %o *a++ah. Af%er ini%ial hesi%a%ion ,al'a a/reed
%o send her son %o *a++ah wi%h his (n&le Al *(%%alib bin 'Abd *anaf.
Bn %heir wa$ %o *a++ah1 ,ha$bah was ridin/ ahead of Al *(%%alib bin
'Abd *anaf. :n %hose da$s1 (s(all$ ser4an%s rode ahead of %heir
'as%ers. Chen people of *a++ah saw ,ha$bah ridin/ ahead of Al
*(%%alib1 %he$ 'is%oo+ hi' as a ser4an% of Al *(%%alib. Tha% is wh$
%he$ &alled hi' 'Abd(l *(%%alib1 whi&h 'eans %he ser4an% of Al
*(%%alib. This ni&+na'e be&a'e so pop(lar %ha% his real na'e =A'r
bin Hashi' or his ni&+na'e ,ha$bah1 was &o'ple%el$ for/o%%en. Ci%h
2
Ab<(rer
.
Ablution
5
........m
Abode
_ - S.
A . of del(sion
_ _a
A . of <o$
_. _a
A . of pea&e
p9. _a
A . of perdi%ion
_ _a
A . of %e'p%a%ion
9.V _a
A . %ha% abide%h
_n _a
A . whi&h re'aine%h
n _a
Abodes ( %he %wo#
_ )
%i'e 'Abd(l *(%%alib be&a'e %he &hief of *a++ah and %he &are%a+er of
%he 5a>bah. He inheri%ed %he responsibili%$ %o pro4ide drin+in/ wa%er %o
%he pil/ri's of %he 5a>bah. ;e%&hin/ wa%er all da$ lon/ fro' dis%an%
wells 'ade hi' 4er$ %ired. 9$ &han&e he dis&o4ered %he lon/-los%
Da'7a' well. *(ha''ad , was %he son of =Abd(l *(%%alib>s $o(n/es%
son =Abd(llah. *(ha''ad , was born a few 'on%hs af%er %he dea%h of
his fa%her. =Abd(l *(%%alib lo4ed his /randson *(ha''ad , 4er$
'(&h. 'Abd(l *(%%alib died when *(ha''ad , was onl$ ei/h% $ear
old.
4
.
Af%er %he ad4en% of :sla'1 =Abd Allah be&a'e one of %he 'os%
pop(lar na'es. :% 'eans sla4e of Allah. 3(les of Arabi& lan/(a/e
/ra''ar allow %he %wo words %o be &o'bined %o/e%her. Af%er <oinin/
%o/e%her1 words =Abd and Allah &an be wri%%en as =Abd(llah or
=Abdallah. Arabs worshiped Allah in %he da$s of i/noran&e also1 b(%
%he$ %oo+ 'an$ par%ners wi%h Hi'. The$ 'is%a+enl$ &onsidered Allah
as %he bi//es% of %heir 'an$ /ods. The na'e =Abd Allah was in (se
a'on/ Arabs before :sla' also. ;a%her of *(ha''ad , was also
na'ed =Abd(llah. He had died a few 'on%hs before *(ha''ad , was
born.=Abd(llah bin =Abd(l *(%%alib was %he na'e of %he fa%her of
*(ha''ad ,. He was %he $o(n/es% son of =Abd(l *(%%alib. =Abd(llah
bin =Abd(l *(%%alib died a few 'on%hs af%er his 'arria/e wi%h A'inah
bin% Cahb. *(ha''ad , was born a few 'on%hs af%er %he dea%h of his
fa%her =Abd(llah bin =Abd(l *(%%alib.
5
. A% %he fi4e dail$ pra$er %i'es pres&ribed b$ %he .(r'an1
abl(%ions are par% of %he ri%(al p(rifi&a%ion whi&h '(s% pre&ede
par%i&ipa%ion in &on%e'pla%ion and %he a&% of pros%ra%ion and pra$er. .
3
u>V#
Abolish
g.,
Abo'inable
uS
Abrahah Al-Habashi
6
. a.l
Abro/a%in/
g
Absol(%e
_
Absol4able
,
Abs%e'io(s
_
6
.
Abrahah Al-Habashi E The &o''ander who led a h(/e ar'$
s(ppor%ed b$ elephan%s in an a%%e'p% %o des%ro$ %he 5a0bah
6
Abs%en%ion
g&|
Abs%inen&e
n
Abu Al-asim
7
n .l
Ab( 9a+r
-
a a m_ S. .l
Abu Lahab
9
g .l
Ab(ndan&e
.S
7
. :% is %he 5(n$a of %he Hol$ 2rophe% *(ha''ad ('a$ Allah bless
hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e#. :% is prohibi%ed %o ha4e %he 5(n$a of %he
Hol$ 2rophe% ('a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e#. ,ee ,ahih
9(+hari1 Hadi%h 251boo+ 731 Fol.- ,ahih *(sli'1 5i%ab-(l Adab.
8
.
Also spelled Abi 9a+r. He was one of %he /rea%es% &o'panions
of %he 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e.
His f(ll na'e is Ab( 9a+r as-,iddiG. The Hol$ 2rophe%1 'a$ Allah bless
hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e1 &alled hi' as-,iddiG be&a(se he alwa$s
belie4ed in hi' ('a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e#1 wi%ho(%
an$ reser4a%ion. He was %he firs% of %he fo(r ri/h%l$ /(ided 5halifaas
(al-5h(lafaa al-3ashideen# fro' 11 - 13 AH. The o%her %hree1 'a$ Allah
bless %he'1 were
1. )'ar ibn al-5ha%%ab1 'a$ Allah be pleased wi%h hi'1 13-23 AH.
2. )%h'an ibn 'Affan 1 'a$ Allah be pleased wi%h hi'1 26-36 AH.
Ali ibn Abi Talib1 'a$ Allah be pleased wi%h hi'1 36- 6 AH.
9
. ;ier&es% ene'$ of :sla' and pa%ernal (n&le of %he 2rophe%
*(ha''ad ('a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e#. ,(rah 111 of
%he Hol$ .(r'an. 5nown as ,(ra%(l *asad.
5
A&&ep%ed
_&
A&&ep%er
g.
A&&o(n%ableness
.
A&&(rsed

'Ad
10
ps )a)
Adam (Peace be on
him)
11
p9. a pal
Adhan
12
aV
Ad'onish'en%
1
Ad'inis%ra%i4e
_a| s
Adora%ion
ua
10
. An an&ien% %ribe %ha% li4ed af%er %he 2rophe% @ooh (@oah#1
pea&e be on hi'1 in %he 4illa/e of AhGaf in %he ?e'en. :% was a 4er$
prospero(s %ribe1 b(% was rebellio(s a/ains% Allah ,(bhana wa Ta'ala
and %heir 2rophe% Ho(d1 pea&e be on hi'. ,o Allah Ta'ala des%ro$ed i%
wi%h a fa%al wes%erl$ winds%or' (Ad-"abo(r#. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 Ho(d
(11#E5-6. ,ee *(rsaleen .
11
.
The firs% 'an and a prophe%. He was &rea%ed nei%her in
2aradise nor on Har%h1 b(% in %he real' of Allah's 'er&$. ;ro' %here he
was sen% %o 8annah (2aradise#1 fro' where la%er he was sen% down %o
Har%h. He had 'an$ offsprin/1 %he 'os% fa'o(s ones are Habil (Abel#
and .aabil (Cain#. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 Al-9aGarah (2#E 3-3!1 Al-*aida (5#
3-36. ,ee *(rsaleen .
12
.
:sla'i& wa$ for &allin/ *(sli's %o pra$er. The Adhan %ha% is
anno(n&ed %oda$ was for'(li7ed and for'ali7ed in l AH. ,ee ,ahih
9(+hari1 Hadi%h 5-31boo+ 31 Fol.1 ,ahih *(sli'1 5i%ab-(l Adab.
6
Adorer
.
Ad(l%
g
Ad(l%eran%
- ,
Ad(l%erer
_
Ad(l%eress
_
Ad(l%erine
_ S.&
Ad(l%er$
_
Ad4erse
.S
Ad4o&a%e
_S
Affabili%$
a
Affe&%ion
ua
Affida4i%
.n. uag.
Affini%$
> m
Affini%$
um- .n
Affla%(s
pgV
Afore%i'e
u. &_V s
Afwu The Forgiver or
Pardoner
13
...
A/ed

A//ression

A//ressi4eness

13
. Al-'Af(wo"E The ;or/i4er or 2ardoner1 in %he sense of
obli%era%in/ %he 'e'or$ of wron/doin/s fro' one's 'ind. Bne of %he
nine%$-nine a%%rib(%es of Allah Ta' ala. ,ee *a/hfirah .
7
A/no'en
S - n
A/nos%i&is'
,_al 9
A/on$ of dea%h
_m>V
AH - After Hijra
14
u......>g .
Ahad
15
.....>l
Ahadeeth
16
<,a...>l
Ahl al-nass w-al-ta
'
in
17 _l

Ahl ar-ra' eole of oinion

1
l _l
Ahl al-immah (or himmis)
19
a& _l
Ahl al-itab - 'Peole of the oo,'
20
_l
S
14
. Af%er Hi<ra. Hi<ra 'eans e'i/ra%ion. The :sla'i& &alendar s%ar%s
fro' %he da$ %he Hol$ 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and
/ran% hi' pea&e1 e'i/ra%ed fro' *a++ah %o *adinah1 in 622 A.".
15
.
Bne.
The :n&o'parable. Chen referrin/ %o Allah ,(bhana wa
Ta'la1 %his 'eansE
%ha% He has no &o'parable in His Hssen&e or in an$ of His
A%%rib(%es.
%ha% %here is no dei%$ (wor%h$ of worship# b(% Allah.
16
. ,a$in/s and %radi%ions of %he Hol$ 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$
Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e. ,in/(larE Hadi%h.
17
. 2eople of "i4ine ordinan&e and desi/na%ion
18
. 'eans people of opinion. :% is refers %o people %ha% are
&ons(l%ed on :sla'i& 'a%%ers. These people are hi/hl$ learned in
:sla'.
19
. are %he non-*(sli' s(b<e&%s of an :sla'i& s%a%e who ha4e been
s(b<(/a%ed (nder %he *(sli's and pa$ 8i7$ah %aI in order %o ha4e
%oleran&e of %heir ri/h%s %o life1 proper%$ and pra&%i&e of %heir reli/ion1
e%&.
20
. li%erall$ '2eople of %he 9oo+1' refers %o %he followers of "i4ine
3e4ela%ion before %he ad4en% of *oha''ad.
-
Ahlul ait - the Peole of the House
21
_l

Ahlul itab - the Peole of the criture

22

Ahlul itab wa sunnah
23
S a. _l
Ahmad
24
...>l
Ahaf (Al) ame of a village in emen n>V
@a'e of a 4illa/e in ?e'en. Ho'e of %he people of 'Ad. ,ee 'Ad .
,(rah 66 of %he Hol$ .(r' an.
Aid &
'Aisha (a Allah be leased with her) .
"a(/h%er of Ab( 9a+r as-,iddiG ('a$ Allah be pleased wi%h hi' and
her# and wife of *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi'
pea&e. Call 'o%her of %he ;ai%hf(l ( ('l *('ineen#
Aimless _m
21
. Ji%erall$ 'eans "%he 2eople of %he Ho(se". A poli%e wa$ of
addressin/ %he wife and %he 'e'bers of %he ho(sehold. ,o'e%i'es
(sed %o refer %o %he fa'il$ of %he 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ %he
blessin/ and pea&e of Allah be on hi' and on his fa'il$ and on all his
&o'panions. The blessin/s here are addressed %o %he en%ire
ho(sehold. ,ee Hol$ .(r' an1 Ho(d (11#E73.
22
. Ji%erall$ 'eans "%he 2eople of %he ,&rip%(re". :% refers %o
?aho(d (8ews#1 @asara (Chris%ians# and ,aabe-een (,abians#. Those
who belie4e in %he Trini%$ and %ha% 8es(s is Aod and/or %he ,on of Aod
are &onsidered as 5(ffar ((nbelie4ers#1 e4en %ho(/h %he$ are Ahl(l
5i%ab.
,ee *a/hdo(b and "haleen . Hol$ .(r' an1 ?(s(f Ali1 Al-*aida (5#E 1!1
75-76. Hol$ .(r' an1 *. 2i&+%hall1 Al-*aida (5#E171 72-73.
23
. Ji%erall$ 'eans "%he 2eople of %he 9oo+ (%he Hol$ .(r'an# and
%he sa$in/s and %radi%ions1 (%he ,(nnah of *(ha''ad1 'a$ Alah bless
hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e#". This refers %o %he people who s%ri4e %o
follow eIa&%l$ %he %ea&hin/s of %he Hol$ .(r'an and *(ha''ad1 'a$
Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e1 wi%ho(% an$ de4ia%ions.
24
.
Ano%her na'e of *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran%
hi' pea&e. 2rophe% :sa (8es(s#1 pea&e be on hi'1 prophesied his
&o'in/. ,ee *(ha''ad 1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e.
,ee Hol$ .(r' an1 As-,aff(61#E6.
!
Ajal time of death _l
Appoin%ed %i'e. :n :sla'i& %er'inolo/$ i% refers %o %he (appoin%ed# %i'e
of dea%h. Allah Ta'ala sa$s in %he Hol$ .(r'an %ha% He will no%1 (and
%herefore no-one else &an#1 al%er %he %i'e of so'eone's dea%h. *(sli's
re<e&% s(&h s%a%e'en%s as "%he do&%or sa4ed his life"1 or "he wo(ld
ha4e li4ed lon/er in..". ,(&h s%a%e'en%s are 'ade b$ %hose who do
no% belie4e in Allah or do no% ha4e %he (nders%andin/ of %he ne&essi%$
%o belie4e in Allah1 %h(s eIposin/ %he'sel4es %o ,hir+ (asso&ia%in/
par%ners wi%h Allah#1 b$ belie4in/ and sa$in/ %ha% %he power o4er life
and dea%h is wi%hin h('an &apabili%$.
'Ala (Al) The ost High .......V
"The ost High" ,ee ,(rah -7 of %he Hol$ .(r 'an.
AL-'AL The ust _.....
"The ust". A'on/ %he !! @a'es of Aod in :sla'i& %heolo/$.
Alaihi alaam Peace be uon him p9. a
2ea&e be (pon hi'. This is said whene4er %he na'e of a *ala+ (an
an/el#1 a nabi (a prophe%# or a rasool (a 'essen/er# of Allah is
'en%ioned1 eI&ep% for %he na'e or %i%le of %he Hol$ 2rophe%
*(ha''ad (,allallah( 'alaihe wa salla'#. ,ee ,allallah( 'alaihe wa
salla' . ,ee *(rsaleen.
Al-Andalus V
@ow %he Arabi& na'e for ,pain. The word was deri4ed fro'
"Fandal(sie"1 or %he &o(n%r$ of %he Fandals. The Arabs se%%led in Al-
Andal(s for se4en &en%(ries where %he$ &o''issioned ar&hi%e&%(ral
'as%erpie&es 'a+in/ Al-Andal(s one of %he 'os% bea(%if(l
ar&hi%e&%(ral re/ions in %he :sla'i& world.
Al-Asma al-Husna . V
Al-Asma al-
H(sna1 li%erall$ 'eanin/ %he ''os% eI&ellen%

na'es'
(sed of Aod1 eIpress His /rea%ness and para'o(n%&$1 holiness1 p(ri%$1
and %he perfe&%ion and absol(%eness of all His a%%rib(%es
Al-Aus V
Al-Aus E A %ribe in *edina1 la%er a se&%ion of %he Ansar
al-Husan .
The son of Ali :bn Abi Talib and ;a%i'a1 he was assassina%ed in 6- A"
in 5erbala and is 4enera%ed b$ %he ,hii%es
Al-a _....
Al-a E An idol worshipped in *e&&a in %he 2re-:sla'i& period
Al-hamudu lillah Praise be to Allah a
2raise be %o Allah. ,ho(ld be said on all o&&asions and espe&iall$ af%er
snee7in/. Ab( H(raira rela%ed %ha% %he 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah
bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e1 saidE 'Chen an$ one of $o( snee7es1
%hen he sho(ld sa$ "Al-ha'd( lillah"1 and his bro%her or friend (who
1
lis%ens# sho(ld respond b$ sa$in/ "?arha'(+a Allah"1 (Allah ha4e
'er&$ (pon $o(#K
al-hawa .....g
2ersonal %e'p%a%ions.
Ali ibn Abi Talib, a Allah be leased with him
.l .
Bne of %he /rea%es% &o'panions of %he 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah
bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e. The las% of %he fo(r ri/h%l$ /(ided
5halifs (al-5h(lafaa al-3ashideen#1 'a$ Allah bless wi%h hi'1 he r(led
fro' 36AH %o 6BAH. He was 'ar%$red whils% pra$in/ in %he *as<id
('osG(e#. ,ee 5halifa.
Al-haraj __
Al-haraj E A %ribe in *edina1 la%er a se&%ion of %he Ansar
ALLAH od a
The @a'e of %he Crea%or of %he )ni4erse and all %ha% i% &on%ains.
"eri4es fro' %he word ":lah" whi&h 'eans "%he Bne deser4in/ all
worship"1 %he Bne %o Cho' all hear%s s(b'i% in lo4e1 fear1 re4eren&e1
desire1 %r(s% and sin&eri%$1 and %o Cho' all li'bs s(b'i% in all for's of
worship s(&h as pra$ers1 s(ppli&a%ions1 sa&rifi&es1 in4o&a%ions1 e%&.
1 - Allah has de&reed %ha% His Hol$ @a'e is "Allah" and has
ordained %ha% all His &rea%ion &all (pon Hi' b$ %he na'e of
"Allah". :n %he ori/inal 9ible and Ta(ra% (in %he Hebrew %eI%#1
%he na'e "Allah" is (sed.
2 - :n :sla' %he na'e "Aod" is no% (sed for %he fear of
'is(nders%andin/. To %he Chris%ians i% will /i4e %he' a 'en%al
i'a/e of a h('an bein/ (%he 2rophe% 8es(s1 son of *ar$1 pea&e
be on hi'#1 %o so'e Hind(s i% &rea%es a 'en%al pi&%(re of an
ani'al (a &ow#. To %he Doroas%rians i% &rea%es a pi&%(re of a
fire1 Allah1 %here is none b(% He1 5in/ of %he )ni4erse1 %he
Crea%or and Bri/ina%or of all %ha% %here is. He has no be/innin/
nor end. He was no% be/o%%en nor did He be/e%. He is no% li+e
an$ %hin/.
Allah ta'ala Allah the alted . a
Al-Llat
A
<9
Al-Lat E An idol worshipped b$ %he ThaGif in %he 2re-:sla'i& period
Alle/a%ion Da'a'a a&_
Alle/ian&e _9>V - V
Allian&e ,
Allies
Allowed g
11
All(re'en% rp
All$ - ,
Al'i/h%$ ,n
The Almoravids (44-541 AH}1056-1146 A
(
. a
The Almoravids (66--561 A.H./156-1166 A.".# E The Al'ora4ids
were 9erber des&endan%s of %he Ji'%(nah1 a %ribe of ,inha<ah. The$
fo(nded an :sla'i& s%a%e in *oro&&o and r(led Andal(sia and T(nisia.
The$ were +nown for %heir &o4ered fa&es and were &alled Al-*(rabi%in
for li4in/ in se&l(ded pla&es for pra&%i&in/ a&%s of worship. ?(s(f bin
Tashfin was %he 'os% fa'o(s a'on/ %heir ,(l%ans. He fo(nded
*arra+esh and 'ade i% %he &api%al of his s%a%e. He defea%ed %he ;ran+s
and p(% an end %o %he r(le of *(l(+ Al-Tawa'if (%he 5in/s of %he 2e%%$
,%a%es#. He lef% %o 0Ali1 his son1 a s%ron/ and 4as% s%a%e1 b(% i% was
e4en%(all$ des%ro$ed b$ Al'ohads.
The Almohads (515-667 AH}1121-1269 A)
a
,>
The Almohads (515-667 AH}1121-1269 A) E A ,hii%e
s%a%e in *oro&&o fo(nded b$ Al-*ahdi bin T('ar% af%er %he fall of %he
Al'ora4id s%a%e. The Al'ohads r(led *oro&&o and eI%ended %heir
infl(en&e o4er Andal(sia. Their s%a%e &ollapsed in Andal(sia af%er %he
9a%%le of Al-0AGab1 (6! A.H./1212 A.".#
Almsgiving
aat
u....S_
Al's/i4in/ (7a+a% in Arabi&# is one of %he ;i4e 2illars of :sla'1
al's/i4in/ &ons%i%(%es one of %he 'ain 'eans b$ whi&h :sla' s%ri4es
for an e&ono'i&all$ <(s% so&ie%$. :% is an obli/a%or$ "poor %aI"--
re&+oned a% so'ewhere be%ween %wo and %en per&en% of in&o'e and
holdin/s--whi&h &an be /i4en dire&%l$ %o %he poor or %o a dis%rib(%ion
offi&ial. The 'one$ is (sed for hospi%als1 s&hools1 helpin/ indi/en%
deb%ors and freein/ sla4es1 as well as poor s(ppor%. ;ro' %he
perspe&%i4e of %he /i4er1 "7a+a%" (as i% is +nown in Arabi&# p(rifies %he
/i4er and %he re'ainder of his "weal%h." :% is also en4isioned as a loan
%o Allah1 who will repa$ i% do(ble.
Al's/i4in/ <sm
Al%er e/o
A'bassador .
A'bi/(s g
12
A'en &l
A'ender gm
Amin &l
B%her Co''onl$ )sed ,pellin/sE AA*:@1 AA*HH@1 A*HH@ 'eans
&(s%odian or /(ardian. ,o'eone who is lo$al or fai%hf(l.
Amirul umineen Commander of the Faithful
& &l
Co''ander of %he ;ai%hf(l. Ti%le of %he leader of %he :sla'i& na%ion
af%er %he dea%h of %he 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and
/ran% hi' pea&e. The firs% fo(r &o''anders of %he fai%hf(l of %he new
:sla'i& na%ion were &alled al-5h(lafaa al-3ashideen1 "%he ri/h%l$-
/(ided 5h(lafaas" (see 5halifa . The$ were /i4en %his %i%le be&a(se
%he$ &arried o(% %heir d(%ies perfe&%l$ a&&ordin/ %o %he Hol$ .(r'an
and %he pra&%i&es and %ea&hin/s of %he 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah
bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e.
A''(ni%ion a
Amnah bint Wahb . a&l
Aminah bint Wahb was %he 'o%her of *(ha''ad ,1 %he *essen/er
of Allah. ,he was %he da(/h%er of Cahb bin =Abd *anaf bin D(hrah.
A'inah bin% Cahb was 'arried %o =Abd(llah bin =Abd(l *(%%alib1 %he
$o(n/es% son of =Abd(l *(%%alib. Her h(sband Abd(llah bin =Abd(l
*(%%alib died d(rin/ one of his %radin/ %rips and was b(ried in ?a%hrib
(*adinah#1 where he had s%opped for %rea%'en% wi%h %he 'a%ernal
(n&les of his fa%her. He was b(ried %here. *(ha''ad ,1 %he
*essen/er of Allah1 was born a few 'on%hs af%er %he dea%h of his
fa%her. Chen %he *essen/er of Allah1 *(ha''ad , was siI $ear old1
his 'o%her A'inah bin% Cahb %oo+ hi' %o %he /ra4e of his fa%her
=Abd(llah bin =Abd(l *(%%alib in ?a%hrib (*adinah#. A'inah bin%
Cahb fell si&+ a% Abwa1 when %he$ were re%(rnin/ fro' ?a%hrib
(*adinah#. ,he died and was b(ried a% Abwa1 a %ownship be%ween
*a++ah and ?a%hrib (*adinah#. The *essen/er of Allah1 *(ha''ad ,
was bro(/h% ba&+ %o his /randfa%her =Abd(l *(%%alib in *a++ah1 b$
)'' A$'an1 a 'aidser4an% of his fa%her.
A'nes%$
Ana%he'a%i7a%ion 1.
An&es%or aV & ) ,.#
An&es%ral .
An&hori%e Q _
Ani'a%or
Ani'is' >
13
Annalis% g_
Annals <
Anno(n&e'en% aV V
Anno(n&er a
Ann(n&ia%ion .
Ansar _..............ml
Literall means helers
The inhabi%an%s of *adinah1 %he A(s and %he 5ha7ra< %ribes1
who e'bra&ed :sla' and s(ppor%ed %he *(sli'
e'i/ran%s a/ains% %he pa/an .(raishi and o%her %ribes
who 'ade war on %he 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah
bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e.
Helpers of %he 2rophe% :sa (%he 2rophe% 8es(s1 son of *ar$#1
pea&e be on hi'. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 As-,aff (61#E16.
,in/(larE Ansari.
An%i&hris% _ g.
An%iG(e _
Apolo/(e s
Apoph%he/' _.l _n
Apos%a&$ ua
Aostas ovement ua ....S>
Apos%as$ *o4e'en% E ,o'e %ribes %oo+ ad4an%a/e of %he %(r'oil
a'on/ %he *(sli's followin/ %he 2rophe%'s dea%h and de&lared %heir
apos%as$.
Apos%a%e .
Apos%le - _ _
Apos%leship
Apos%heosis al
Appro4er ( %he# >
Appro4in/ .V
App(r%enan&e.
aiah ann
%he &ere'on$ of sha4in/ a bab$'s head and /i4in/ i% a for'al na'e.
This ri%(al is a &elebra%ion of %he bir%h of %he &hild1 and %he /i4in/ of a
na'e %ha% wel&o'es i% in%o %he *(sli' &o''(ni%$. :% (s(all$ %a+es
pla&e wi%hin se4en da$s of %he bir%h.
16
Arab genealog Ansaboul arab A .l
Arab /enealo/$ E Arabs (sed %o pride %he'sel4es on %heir noble bir%h
and p(re linea/e. The 2rophe%'s an&es%r$ &an be %ra&ed ba&+ %o %he
2rophe% Abraha' (pea&e be (pon hi'#.
Arabiciation of the iwans , ,.
Arabi&i7a%ion of %he "iwans E 7 Caliph 0Abd(l-*ali+ bin *arwan
orders %he arabi&i7a%ion of %he "iwans (s%a%e 'inis%ries#1 whi&h were
followin/ %he 2ersian order (-1 A.H.#
'Arafat <.........s
A pil/ri'a/e si%e1 aho(% 25+' eas% of *a++ah al-*(+ara'ah. ,%andin/
on 'Arafa% on %he !%h of "h(l-Hi<<ah and s%a$in/ %here fro' 'id-da$ %o
s(nse% is %he essen&e of %he Ha<< (%he 2il/ri'a/e#.
Arbi%rariness aV
Arbi%rar$ aV
Arbi%ra%ion S
Arbi%ra%or S
Ar&h s
Ar&hi4es <9>.
'Areem dam p
*a$ be %ransla%ed as da's or e'ban+'en%s. The 'Are'e (da'# %ha% is
referred %o in ,(rah 36E16 is %he *aarib "a' whose %ra&es s%ill eIis% in
?e'en.
Ar/(e _a>,
Ar/(er _a>
Ar/('en%a%ion
Ar'a'en% g.
Ar'a%(re g_
Ar' _>
Arran% <
Arro/an&e S
Arro/an% S
Arrow g.
Arsenal V _a
Ar(speI
15
'Asr (Al) Afternoon .............m
"Af%ernoon". The %hird &o'p(lsor$ ,ala% (2ra$er# of %he da$. :% &an be
pra$ed a% an$ %i'e be%ween 'id-af%ernoon and a li%%le before s(nse%.
,(rah 13 of %he Hol$ .(r'an.
As&endan&e 9V - ua.
As&endan&$ u. - a
As&ension - am p9. a .
As&en%
As&en%s _
As&er%ain'en% _n
As&e%i&_ - Q
Asceticism _ Q.
ascetic atul _........
'eans as&e%i&. :% is as&ribed %o ;a%i'ah (%he 2rophe%s da(/h%er# and
%he Fir/in *ar$.
Ashabul Aia ...S,V ml
"wellers of %he wood. Ano%her na'e for %he *idiani%es. ,ee *ad$an .
,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 Al-Hi<r (15#E7-1 Al-,h('ara (26#E176-1!1.
Ashab Al-aimana comanions of the Right ml

Ji%erall$ 'eans "&o'panions of %he 3i/h%"1 %he ri/h%eo(s people. Bn

%he "a$ of 3es(rre&%ion1 Allah Ta'ala will sor% o(% %he /ood and %he
e4il. The$ will be di4ided in%o %hree /ro(psE
1. *(Garraboon - %he eIal%ed &lass1 %hose who are neares% %o
Allah Ta'ala.
2. Ashab al-*ai'ana - %he ri/h%eo(s people1 %hose who are
des%ined %o en%er 8annah (2aradise#.
3. Ashab a:-*ash'a'a - li%erall$ 'eans "&o'panions of %he Jef%"K
%hese people will be %he inheri%ors of %he @ar (Hellfire#.
;or f(ll eIplana%ions ofE *(Garraboon1 see ,(rah Al-CaGi'ah (56#E11-
26K Ashab al-*ai'ana1 see ,(rah 56E27-6. Ashab al-*ash 'a'a1 see
,(rah Al-CaGi'ah (56#E61-56.
Ashab Al-ash'ama Comanions of the Left ml
.
Ji%erall$ 'eans "Co'panions of %he Jef%"1 %he e4il-doers. These people
will he %he &o'panions of %he @ar (Hellfire# on %he "a$ of 3es(rre&%ion.
;or f(ll eIplana%ionE ,ee Ashab al-*ai'ana . ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 Al-Ca
Gi'a (56#E61-56.
Ashraful ursaleen .l
16
The 'os% hono(red of all %he prophe%s. Bne of %he %i%les of %he Hol$
2rophe% *(ha''ad 1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e.
Asharatul mubashshirun (Al) ,. u.
%he %en people %ha% were /i4en %he /lad %idin/s of ass(ran&e of
en%erin/ 2aradise. The$ were Ab( 9a+r1 )'ar1 )%h'an1 Ali1 Abd(r
3ah'an ibn Awf1 Ab( )ba$dah ibn al-8arrah1 Talhah ibn )ba$d(llah1
a7-D(ba$r ibn al-Awwa'1 ,a'd ibn Abi CaGGas1 ,a'id ibn Da$d
Asia l s ul&))
The wife of ;ir'a(n (2haraoh#. ,he is one of %he fo(r /rea%es% &rea%ed
fe'ales1 %he o%her %hree bein/E
1.
*aria' (*ar$#1 'a$ Allah be pleased wi%h her1 %he 'o%her of
%he 2rophe% :sa (8es(s#1 pea&e be on hi'.
2. 5hadi<a 1'a$ Allah be pleased wi%h her1 %he firs% wife of %he
2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e.
3. ;a%i'a1 'a$ Allah be please wi%h her1 %he da(/h%er of %he
2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e.
Asma wa ifaat (Tawheed Al)<m V
)ni%$ of @a'es and A%%rib(%es of Allah Ta'ala. To belie4e %ha%E
1. @one &an G(alif$ or na'e Allah eI&ep% as He or %he 2rophe%
*(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e1 na'ed
or G(alified Hi'.
2.
@one &an be na'ed or G(alified wi%h %he @a'es of %he
A%%rib(%es %ha% belon/ onl$ %o Allah ,(bhana wa Ta'ala. ;or
eIa'ple1 none 'a$ be &alled 'Al-*(h$ee" (%he Ai4er of Jife#
eI&ep% for Allah ,(bhana wa Ta'ala Hi'self.
3. Ce '(s% belie4e in all %he A$a% and Ahadee%h (,ahih# re/ardin/
%he A%%rib(%es of Allah wi%ho(% al%erin/ %heir 'eanin/ in an$
wa$ wha%soe4er.
Asmaul Husna (Al) . V
The nine%$-nine 9ea(%if(l @a'es (A%%rib(%es# of Allah Ta'ala. :% is
hara' %o add %o or dele%e fro' %he lis% of A%%rib(%es of Allah. :% is also
hara' %o /i4e s(&h a%%rib(%es %o an$one else. ;or %he f(ll lis% of al-
As'a(l H(sna1 see As'a(l H(sna Al-as'a(l H(sna(Jis%#.
Assalamu 'Alaium Peace be on ou p9.
S
"2ea&e be on $o(". Aree%in/ of %he *(sli's. The response %o %his
/ree%in/ is "Ca 'Alai+(' Assala' wa 3ah'a%(l-lahi wa 9ara+a%(h"1
And on $o( be %he 2ea&e and *er&$ of Allah and His 9lessin/s.
Assassins ..
Asse'bler g&>
Assen% . - m
Assi/na%ion _
17
Asso&ia%e .m
Asso&ia%es .m
As%rolo/is% >
As%rolo/$ >
As%rono'er S
As%rono'$ - ag Q
Atabic The Atabegs

Q..V
The A%abe/s E A%abe/ was a T(r+ish %i%le (sed b$
%he ,el<(+s for 'e'bers of %he &o(r% 'inis%ers and
leaders. ,o'e of %he A%abe/s 'ana/ed %o %a+e
&on%rol of %he s%a%e leadin/ %o %he e'er/en&e of %he
pe%%$ s%a%es in %he 12%h &en%(r$ A.". in :ran and
,$ria. The$ r(led for a lon/ period of %i'e1 'os%
re'ar+able a'on/ %he' were %he A%abe/s of
A7erbai<an and :ran.
A%heis%
A%hheis%i& aV
A%one a S,
Attac Hujoom ( Onslaught)
(
p>
A%%a&+er g
A%%i%(de u>.
A%%rib(%es <m
A%%rib(%es of prefe&%ion _S <m
A%%rib(%es of 'a<es%$ <m _9>
A%%rib(%es of bea(%$_> <m
A%%rib(%es of essen&e < <m
A%%rib(%es ( of /od# a.m a
A%%ri%ion a.p
A(/(r - S
A(%hori%$ .
A(%o&ra&$ S _
1-
A(%o&ra% _ S
A(%ono'$ - a . _9nV
A4ari&e _ _ -
A4ari&o(s _
A4en/e _l.,
A4en/er n
Awa+ener ( %he# <
Award S,
Aware ( %he# S
Aah (l aat) a,l
A$ah 'eans a si/n (or '%o+en'# whi&h dire&%s one %o so'e%hin/
i'por%an%. :n %he .(ran %he word has been (sed in fo(r differen%
sensesE (1# si/n or indi&a%ionK (2# %he pheno'ena of %he (ni4erse
(&alled a$a% of Aod for %he reali%$ %o whi&h %he pheno'ena poin% is
hidden behind %he 4eil of appearan&es#K (3# 'ira&les perfor'ed b$ %he
2rophe%sK and (6# indi4id(al (ni%s (i.e. 4erses# of %he 9oo+ of Aod.
Aoub, Peace be uon him p9. a ,
8ob. A prophe% of :sla'. He was renowned for his pa%ien&e1 hen&e %he
idio' ",abr A$o(b" (%he pa%ien&e of 8ob#1 whi&h 'eans &o'ple%e
pa%ien&e and &ons%an&$.,ee *(rsaleen .
'Ai The Almight _.......,_
1.
"Al-'A7i7". The Al'i/h%$. Bne of %he nine%$-nine a%%rib(%es of
Allah Ta'ala. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 Al-Ha<<' (22#E6. ,ee As'a(l
H(sna J:,TLLLL.
2.
Ti%le of H/$p%ian noble'en d(rin/ %he %i'e of %he 2haraohs.
D(lai+ha was %he wife of %he 'A7i7 who %ried1 b(% failed1 %o
%e'p% %he 2rophe% ?(s(f (8oseph#1 pea&e be on hi'1 in%o
sed(&%ion. ,ee Hol$ .(r' an1 ?(s(f(12#E23 - 26.

a'ath <...
:n :sla'i& %er'inolo/$ %his 'eans %he res(rre&%ion of %he *(sli's and
%he 5(ffar ((nbelie4ers#. The 9a'a%h of %he 5(ffar ((nbelie4ers# and %he
s(bseG(en% s%a/es leadin/ %o %he @ar (Hellfire# is in fi4e s%a/esE
1. The 5(ffar will be raised wi%h all %heir senses bein/ a&%i4e1 i.e.
%he$ will be able %o feel1 see1 hear1 s'ell and %as%e.
2. Bn %heir wa$ %o %he pla&e of<(d/e'en% %he$ will s%ill ha4e %heir
senses a&%i4e.
3. The$ will be <(d/ed wi%h all %heir senses in%a&%.
6. Bn %heir wa$ %o @ar (Hellfire# %he$ will lose all %heir senses.
1!
5.
Chen p(% in%o %he @ar (Hellfire#1 %he$ will re/ain all %heir senses
so as %o feel Allah Ta'ala's wra%h.
ab Al-Raian , .
The na'e of one of %he /a%es of Hea4ens (8annah# %hro(/h whi&h %he
people who of%en obser4e fas%in/ will en%er on %he "a$ of
8(d/e'en%.
9a&+bi%in/
9a&+slider __ - .
adiah desert a....,a
a deser% or se'i-arid en4iron'en%.
2
adr_.......
,i%e of %he firs% /rea% ba%%le be%ween %he earl$ *(sli's and %he pa/ans
of %he .(raish in 2AH. 9adr is lo&a%ed abo(% 15+' so(%h of al-
*adinah al-*(nawarah. The *(sli' ar'$ &onsis%ed of 313 'en and
%he .(raish had a %o%al of 11 soldiers1ar&hers and horse'en. ,ee
Hol$ .(r'an1 Al-Anfal (-#E5-1!162-6-1 Aali l'ran (3#E13.
9ad o'en u
9ail
S
9aira'
mV
aitul a'amur (Al)House of Allah
_
Ho(se of Allah o4er %he ,e4en%h Hea4en where %he *alai+ah (an/els#
pra$.
aitul al An lslamic treasur_ .
An :sla'i& %reas(r$ in%ended for %he benefi% of %he *asa+een (need$
*(sli's# and no% for %he leaders or %he weal%h$.
9alan&e
_
9alan&e of power
_
9and
> .m
ani adheer A ewish tribe m .
A 8ewish %ribe who li4ed abo(% %hree 'iles so(%h of *adinah d(rin/ %he
%i'e of *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e. ;o(r
'on%hs afier %heir %rea&her$ a% %he %i'e of %he 9a%%le of )h(d1 when
%he$ planned %o be%ra$ %he *(sli's and +ill %he *esse'/er of Allah1
%he 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e1
eIpelled 'os% of %he' %o ,$ria and %he res% %o 5haibar. ,ee Hol$
.(r'an1 Al-Hashr (65#E26.
ani uraiadha A ewish tribe L,s .
A 8ewish %ribe fro' *adinah. Alon/ wi%h %he .(raish %ribe of *a++ah1
%he$ plo%%ed %o des%ro$ %he 2rophe% *(harn'ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi'
and /ran% hi' pea&e1 b$ a%%a&+in/ %he *(6i's fro' wi%hin *adinah a%
%he 9a%%le of %he "i%&h1 b(% when %he$ los% %he$ as+ed %o ha4e %heir
fa%e <(d/ed b$ ,a'd ibn *(' a7 (%he &hief of %he A(s '%he Ansar' %ribe#
be&a(se he (sed %o be %heir all$. ,a'd <(d/ed %he' a&&ordin/ %o %heir
own law1 %he Ta(ra% (Torah#1 and ordered %ha% e4er$ 'ale be +illed1 all
%heir wo'en be sold as &ap%i4es and all %heir belon/in/s be di4ided
a'on/s% %he *(ha<irs ("e(%. 2E13-16116#. ,ee Hol$ .(r' an1 Al-Ah7ab
(33#E26-27.
21
anner -
ai A cemeter at adinah gn
A &e'e%er$ a% *adinah. *an$ of %he , ahabi$een (&o'panions#of %he
2rophe% *(ha''ad are b(ried %here1 'a$ %he blessin/ and pea&e of
Allah be on hi' and his fa'il$ and his &o'panions and all who follow
hi' and %he'.
The anning Tahreem (Al) ,
"The 9annin/". ,(rah 66 of %he Hol$ .(r' an.
9ara/ainin/ &.&
9arbarian
>g
9arbarians
gg - u.
9arbaris'
>g
9arbaro(s
.
9arefoo%ed friars
- u
9aron
_
9aroness
_
9arrier
g_
9ar%er
g
9ar%erin/
m,n
arah g_.
Ji%erall$ 'eans par%i%ion or barrier. :n :sla'i& %er'inolo/$ i% (s(all$
'eans %he life in %he /ra4e1 be&a(se %he life in %he wa4e is %he
in%erspa&e be%ween %he life on ear%h and %he life in %he Hereaf%er. Jife
in %he 9ar7a+h is real1 b(% 4er$ differen% fro' life as we +now i%. :%s
eIa&% na%(re is +nown onl$ %o Allah Ta'ala. :% is d(rin/ o(r life in %he
9ar7a+h %ha% we will be as+ed abo(% Allah1 o(r fai%h and %he Hol$
2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e. Ce
will also be shown %he 8annah and %he @ar (2aradise and Hellfire# and
whi&h of %hese %wo pla&es we wifl o&&(p$ af%er we are <(d/ed
ase<
asmalaha ..
ln the ame of Allah
22
1. This s%a%e'en% is (s(all$ 'ade b$ e4er$ *(sli' who is abo(%
%o e'bar+ on an$%hin/ %ha% is Halal (lawf(l#1 howe4er %ri4ial
%ha% a&% or deed 'a$ see'.
2. ;irs% 4erse of ,(ra%(l ;a%iha.
3.
To be re&i%ed before %he be/innin/ of e4er$ ,(rah eI&ep% for
,(ra%(l Ta(%ah (,(rah ! of %he Hol$ .(r' an#.
awd
aina (Al) The Clear Proof a
"The Clear 2roof1'. ,(rah !- of %he Hol$ .(rM an.
The east abaah a.a
1.
The 9eas%. The beas% %ha% will &o'e o(% of %he ear%h and will
spea+ %o 'an. His appearan&e will be one of %he 'a<or si/ns of
%he &o'in/ of %he Jas% "a$.
2. :n /eneral1 e4er$ li4in/ &rea%(re %ha% 'o4es on %his ear%h. ,ee
Hol$ .(r'an1 an-@a'i (27#E-2--3.
9edla'
_
9eha4io(r
Q
9ein/ free
_
9ein/ /lori(s
_9>
belief 'Aeeda un
2l(ral E 'AGaaid. Ji%erall$ 'eans belief. :n :sla'i& %er'inolo/$1 i% 'eans
ar%i&les of fai%h. There are siI ar%i&les of fai%hE
9elief in Allah. Ce belie4eE
He is %he Jord and Crea%or of all %ha% %here is.
He is %he Tr(e Aod and all o%her dei%ies are
false.
He is Bne1 and has no asso&ia%es (sons or
o%herwise#.
He alone has %he +nowled/e of %he )nseen
and of %he Ho(r.
:n His @a'es and A%%rib(%es .
He ne4er &a'e down %o ear%h in
an$ shape or for'.
He is H4erlas%in/1 He did no% be/e% nor was
He be/o%%en1 and He is no% li+e an$%hin/.
His *ala'i+ah (an/els#. Ce belie4eE
The$ are His hono(red ser4an%s.
The$ a&% onl$ b$ His &o''and.
The$ are 'ade o(% of li/h% ( @(r #.
The$ obe$ all of Allah's &o''ands.
23
All an/els are /ood and in&apable of wron/
doin/. (Ce do no% belie4e in %he no%ion of
a "fallen an/el".#
The$ 'a$ be seen b$ so'e 'en onl$ b$
Allah's &onsen%.
His 3e4ealed 9oo+s. Ce belie4eE
He has sen% down boo+s wi%h e4er$
'essen/er.
The ori/inal boo+s of Allah %ha% were sen% %o
%he 2rophe%s Abraha'1 *oses1 "a4id and
8es(s no lon/er eIis% in %heir ori/inal for'.
Ce belie4e onl$ in %he ori/inal Ta(ra%
(Torah#1 Daboor (2sal's# and :n/eel
(Aospel#.
The Hol$ .(r'an %ha% was re4ealed %o %he
,eal of %he 2rophe%s1 *(ha''ad1 'a$
Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e1 is
%he onl$ perfe&% boo+ of Allah %ha% is free
fro' &orr(p%ion and is a %r(e so(r&e of
li/h% for all 'an+ind.
His 3(s(ll (*essen/ers#. Ce belie4eE
The *essen/ers of Allah Ta'ala in&l(de
*(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and
/ran% hi' pea&e1 Abraha'1 @oah1 8es(s1
*oses1 pea&e be on %he' all.
All 'essen/ers are h('an bein/s.
*(ha''ad's 'essa/e en&o'passes and
abro/a%es all %he 'essa/es of all %he
o%her 'essen/ers1 sin&e *(ha''ad1
'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e1
is %he las% *essen/er and %he Hol$ .(r'an
is %he Jas% *essa/e fro' Allah before %he
end of %he world.
9elief in %he "a$ of 8(d/e'en%. Ce belie4eE
:n %he ;inal "a$1 whi&h is %he "a$ of
8(d/e'en%.
There will be no in%er&essors eI&ep% b$
Allah's lea4e.
*(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran%
hi' pea&e1 will be /i4en per'ission %o
in%er&ede on behalf of all %hose who
belie4ed in Allah and %he Jas% "a$ and
who s(b'i%%ed %heir will %o Hi'1 %ha% is1
%hose who are "*(sli's" (*(sli' N Bne
who s(b'i%s his or her will %o Al'i/h%$
Allah#.
Hea4en is for %he belie4ers and Hell is for %he
re<e&%ers.
26
B(r boo+ of deeds will be /i4en %o (s in o(r
ri/h% or lef% hand (%o %he belie4ers and
(nbelie4ers respe&%i4el$#.
9elief in ;a%e and %he "i4ine "e&ree. Ce
belie4eE
:n fa%e1 whe%her /ood or bad1 whi&h Allah has
'eas(red and ordained for all His
&rea%(res.
His de&ree &anno% be &han/ed eI&ep% b$ His
lea4e.
Allah has /ran%ed 'an %he free will %o &hoose
be%ween /ood and e4il. Th(s1 %here is no
eI&(se for wron/ a&%ion in %he si/h% of
Allah Ta'ala.
All %ha% is %o happen (n%il %he "a$ of
8(d/e'en% is alread$ wri%%en down on %he
Ja(h al-*ahf(dh.
B AllahO Je% 'e no% die eI&ep% in :sla'1 and raise 'e on %he "a$ of
8(d/e'en% onl$ as a *(sli'. A'eenO
9elie4er
&
9elie4ers
&
9enedi&%ion
u9m ,g s .
9enefa&%ion
sm
9enefa&%or
.
9enefi&en%

9eni/anan%
,
9eG(es%
S m
-
9es%iali%$
g
9es%ower

9ias
_.
9ier
u_>
9i/o%r$
uV
ilal _9.....
25
The firs% *('adin of :sla' a &o'panion of %he 2rophe% *(ha''ad
pb(h1 a for'er Ab$ssinian sla4e ('a$ Allah be pleased wi%h hi'#.
isho
,nV
i'thah the beginning of the Prohet's
mission
%he be/innin/ of %he 2rophe%'s 'ission1 his &all %o 2rophe%hood in 61
C.H..
itter Agag ( alt water
)
)
l
9la&+/(ard
_s
9la&+le/
&n
9la&+'ail
__.V
9la&+ s%one
aV >
9lasphe'er
sS
9lasphe'$
S
9leedin/
&>
9lessin/s 9ara+ah
aS.

lood relativehawi al-Arhaam
p>_V a
9lood$
&
9lowin/
_m s g
9onds'an
_s
9ondswo'an
&V - ,_>
9oo%$
-
9o(n%eo(s
,S
9rean&h of %r(s%
&V >
9rean&h of pro'ise
g <S
9riber$
u.
26
9ri/ade
u_
9(&&aneer
mn
uhari _
:'a' 9(+hari is +nown so be&a(se he was fro' 9(+hara. He was a
/rea% s&holar of :sla' and is +nown for his /rea% wor+ of s&ien%ifi&all$
a(%hen%i&a%in/ and &o'pilin/ Ahadi%h (,a$in/s of *(ha''ad ,#. He
%ra4eled /rea% dis%an&es %o find and 'ee% %he narra%ors of Ahadi%h
(,a$in/s of *(ha''ad ,#. He 'e'ori7ed all %he Ahadi%h (,a$in/s of
*(ha''ad ,# he heard fro' %he narra%ors. He resear&hed %he
ba&+/ro(nds of %he en%ire &hain of narra%ors of Ahadi%h (,a$in/s of
*(ha''ad ,#. He e4ol4ed a s&ien%ifi& s$s%e' of 4erifi&a%ion of %he
Ahadi%h (,a$in/s of *(ha''ad ,#. He had 'e'ori7ed 'ore %han
21 Ahadi%h (,a$in/s of *(ha''ad ,#. His s&r(%in$ of %he
Ahadi%h (,a$in/s of *(ha''ad ,# was so s%rin/en% %ha% onl$
approIi'a%el$ 1P of %hose Ahadi%h (,a$in/s of *(ha''ad ,# 'ade %o
his &o'pila%ion. The &o'pila%ion of Ahadi%h (,a$in/s of *(ha''ad ,#
b$ :'a' 9(+hari is &onsidered %o be %he 'os% a(%hen%i& one and
is +nown as ,ahih 9(+hari
umin
ura _
An ani'al lar/er %han a don+e$ and s'aller %han a horse on whi&h %he
Hol$ 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e1
wen% on %he *i' ra<. ,ee *i'ra< .
ureau of Taes ... ,a
uruj (Al)The Zodiacal igns ...
"The Dodia&al ,i/ns". ,(rah -5 of %he Hol$ .(r' an. This refers %o %he
&ons%ella%ions in %he hea4ens %he'sel4es1 no% %o %he as%rolo/ers' !s%ar
si/ns%.
uring bab girls alive < al
9(r$in/ bab$ /irls ali4e E Bne of %he &(s%o's of Arabs in %he 2re-
:sla'i& period
antines
QRSTUVSWXY Z[\XY
27
C
Cabal u& - . .
Cadi mn
Caeser mn
Cain _.s
Calih
halifah
....
The %i%le of +halifah or 'Caliph' (li%erall$1 'he who follows'or 's(&&essor'#
was firs% ass('ed b$ %he fo(r i''edia%e s(&&essors %o %he 2rophe%
*(ha''ad as %e'poral leaders of %he e'er/in/ *(sli' &o''(ni%$
(+nown as %he Br%hodoI &aliphs#. The r(lers of s(bseG(en% earl$
:sla'i& d$nas%ies were also &onsidered &aliphs1 wi%h %he =Abbasid
&alipha%e in :raG las%in/ (n%il 125-/65- H. A% %he sa'e %i'e1 %he
;a%i'id d$nas%$ in H/$p% 'ade ri4al &lai's %o %he &alipha%e fro' !!
%o 1171 (2!6-567 H#1 while in ,pain a% Cordoba %he )'a$$ad d$nas%$
also &lai'ed %he &alipha%e fro' 775 %o 1236 (15!-633 H#. Af%er 125-1
%he &aliphs eI&er&ised in&reasin/l$ di'inished a(%hori%$1 and poli%i&al
power passed %o %he se&(lar heads of s%a%e. ,ee %he ar%i&le "5halifa"
b$ ". ,o(rdel and o%hers in H: (2nd ed.#1 4ol. 61 pp. !37-!53.
Calihate.........s9
The r(le or ins%i%(%ion of %he &aliph.
Cal('nia%e ,
Cal('nia%or
Cal('n$ - g -
Ca'pai/n .> >
Ca'pai/ner _
Canaan S
Canard , - .S
Candid&V
Candida%e m g.
Capa&io(s u_n a g
Capa&i%$ s - u_s
Capi%al m
Cap%i4a%ion
2-
Cap%i4e V
Cap%i4i%$ 9ab$lonian . V
Cardinal _,a_S
Carrion
Cas%e
Cas%ra%ion m
Cas(is%
Cas(is%r$ sV
Ca%ap(l% _>
Ca%ara&% . - _9.
Ca%as%roph$ ._S
Ca%e&his' 1
Ca%holi& S.S
Ca%holi&is' S.S
The Cattle An'aam (Al) pV
"The Ca%%le". ,(rah 6 of %he Hol$ .(r' an.
Ca(sin/
_
Ca4al&ade
Ca4alier _
Ca4alr$
Ca4e ,gS
The Cave of Hira
'
.....> _r
The Ca4e of Hira' E *(ha''ad (pea&e be (pon hi'# had a &al'
na%(re and a na%(ral %enden&$ %o 'edi%a%ion . He (sed %o se&l(de
hi'self in %he Ca4e of Hira' %o pra&%i&e self-p(rifi&a%ion and ponder
o4er %he &rea%ion aro(nd hi'.
The Cave of Thaur T _...... _r
The Ca4e of Tha(r E :% is %he &a4e in whi&h %he 2rophe% (pea&e be (pon
hi'# and his &o'panion Ab( 9a+r s%opped %o %a+e shel%er fro' %he
pol$%heis%s d(rin/ %he Hi<rah <o(rne$ fro' *e&&a %o *edina.
Cer%ainl$ n
Cha'berlain _
2!
Cha'ber'aidm
Cha'pion m
Chan&el _Sg - g.
Chari%able _m - .
Chari%$ .>V -
Charla%an a. - _
Char$ g.
Chas%e,
Chas%i%$ - u_g
Cha(4inis' s
Cha(4inis% m
Chief _
Chief <(d/e umn ms
Chosen of /oda m
Chris%ian m .
Chroni&le _>. - -
Chroni&ler _>V
Cir&('a'b(la%in/
Cir&('&ision
Ci%adel n
Ci%i7en&
The Cit alad .....
"The Ci%$" of *a++ah. ,(rah ! of %he Hol$ .(r' an.
Ci%$ s%a%e , a
Ci4il
Ci4il war V
Ci4ili7a%ion u_m -
Ci4ili7ed m
Clair4o$an&e
Clan u.
3
The ClansAhab (Al) _....>V
"The Clans". A fa'o(s ba%%le be%ween %he earl$ *(sli's and %he
re<e&%ors1 in whi&h %he *(sli's1 (nder %he dire&%ion of ,al'an al-;arisi1
d(/ a %ren&h aro(nd %he &i%$ of al-*adinah al-*(nawarah %o %hwar%
%he ad4an&e of %he (nbelie4ers in 5 AH. The ba%%le is also +nown as
%he 9a%%le of %he 5handaG (9a%%le of %he Tren&h#. ,ee Hol$ .(r' an1 An-
@(r (26#E551 Al-Ah7ab (33#E!-2. ,(rah 33 of %he Hol$ .(r'an.
Class so&i%$ n g>&
Clea4a/e _n.V
The Cleaving Al-infitar _V
"The Clea4in/". ,ee ,(rah -2 of %he Hol$ .(rM an.
Cler+ .S
Clois%er ,
Close% u_mn
The clot of blood 'Ala _...
"The &lo% of blood". Also &alled ,(ra% :Graa. A$a% (4erses# 1-5 of %his
s(rah were %he firs% fi4e 4erses re4ealed %o *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah
bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e. The$ were re4ealed %o hi' %hro(/h
%he Hol$ ,piri%1 %he An/el 8ibreel (Aabriel#1 pea&e be on hi'1 in %he
Ahar Hiraa (Ca4e of Hiraa# in 8abal an-@(r. ,ee ,(rah !6 of %he Hol$
.(r' an.
Coali%ion ,
Code ,. .
CodeI 1 - n >&
Codifi&a%ion g,. - n
Coer&ion gs
Coffin <.
Co/i%a%ion S
Co/ni%ion Q_aV
Co/no'en n - S
Cohesion Q.
Cohor% - .
Coin
Colle&%edness S.
Colle&%in/ 'osG(e g&> >.
31
ColloG($ u_ - a>
Colonial _V
Colonis% .
Coloni7a%ion _V
Colonnade _
Colon$ u.
Co'ba% __ - s
Co'ba%an% _.n - g_m
Co'bina%ion _ - a.V
Co''and &V
Co''ander n
Co''andin/ ,o(l u_&V
Co''and'en% m
Co''ando
Co''e'ora%ion _S
Commentar Tafsir ..
A &o''en%ar$. There are se4eral reliable Tafsirs on %he 'eanin/s of
%he A$aa% of %he .(r'an1 in&l(din/ %hose of :bn 5a%hir1 8alala$n and Al-
Cor%(bi.
Co''ission . - >
Co''i%'en% g.
Co''i%%ee > g - - >
Co''onweal p
Co''onweal%h - _g> .
Co''(ni&a%in/ _m.V
Co''(nion &
Co''(ni%$ > - >
Co''(%a%ion - _, Q
Co'pa&% u
Comanion ahabi .m
32
Co'panion1 par%i&(larl$ an$ &o'panion of %he Hol$ 2rophe%
*(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e. 2l(ralE
,ahabi$een.
Co'panion _s
Co'panions .m
Co'panion Bf The Ca4e ,gS _
Co'panion Bf Hlephan% _ m
Co'passion - > n.
Co'pe%i%ion .s
Co'pla&en&e g.V - u.
Comilation of the Hol ur'an ln g..
Co'pila%ion of %he Hol$ .(r'an E 653 Caliph 0)%h'an orders %he
s%andardi7a%ion of .(r'ani& re&i%a%ion a&&ordin/ %o %ha% of %he .(raish.
He sends &opies of %he s%andard *(shaf %o pro4in&es of %he *(sli'
e'pire (32 A.H.#
Co'plain% S.
Co'plaisan% ,
Co'pro'ise ,..
Co'p(lsion uSV
Co'p(lsor$ _V
Co'p(n&%ion p
Co'(la%ion S
Cona%ion g_
Con&ession . aV -
Con&ilia%ion _s.
Con&la4e g> - .
Con&ord a.V _s
Con&(b(bine ,_> - L
Conde'na%ion aV - S
Condis&iple - _ ,n
Condi%ions 1.
Condona%ion - g.
Confedera&$ , - a.V
33
Confedera%es Al-Ah7]b _>V
Conferen&e .
Confession u. g>
Confessionis% un ..
Confessors n,m
Confiden&e n.
Confiden% _.
Confis&a%ion u_am
Confli&% pm S - - gm
Confron%a%ion g.> - g
Conf(%a%ion 9 -
Con/ealed 9lood _
Con/re/a%ion > - . - _g>
Con/re/a%ional 2ra$ers m g
Con/ress .
ConneIion - . .n
ConG(er - L, gn,
ConG(es% g - m
The Conuest of

ecca ...S& gs
The ConG(es% of *e&&a E *(sli's &onG(ered *e&&a in - A.H./63 A."
Cons&ien&e m
Consens(s Bf Bpinion g l
Consens(s B'ni(' p gp
Consen% . - m
ConseG(en&e - > s
Conser4a%or$ 1s
Consols > ,
Conspi&(o(s L
Conspira&$ u&
Cons%an&$ <.
36
Cons%an% .. g
Cons%erna%iong_ - __
Cons%i%(en% .l >
Cons%i%(%ion _
Cons(l%a%ion _.
Con%e'pla%ion S
Con%e'pla%i4e ,&ien&e m
Con%en% n
Con%en%ion pm - g_ -
uL
Con%es% - pm _>
Con%inen&e - m
Con%in(an&e p n
Con%radi&%or$ ms&
Con%ra4en%ion_s.
Con%ra&% n
Con%ra&%ion _n - _nV
Con%radi&%ion _s - &n
Con%radis%in&% _, - _m
Con%ras% , - am
Con%rib(%ion V - a
Con%ri4an&e . -
Con%ro4ersial > - L
Con%ro4ers$ _> - pm
Con%('a&io(sa -
Con%('a&$ a - a
&on(ndr(' _ - - .
&on4enan&e _. - g
Con4enan% _. un -
Con4enien&e g.V - m - .
35
Con4en% , - &m
Con4en%ion u - n - -
_.V
Con4er/in/s u_S
Con4erser S
Con4erser of /od a S
Con4er% g
Con4i&% > -
Con4i&%ion gsV - gsV
Con4i&%ion of %r(%h n _>
Con4in&in/ gn
Con4o&a%ion g> - V
Con4(lsion - mV g. -
Co-opera%ion - m
Copar%ner Q,. - Q_.
Copio(sness u.S - _ - us
Cop% n
Cop%i& n
Cop$is% __ - g.
Corora%ion > a.V - - .n
Corre&%i%(de ,> - &nV
Corrobora%ion ,n - _,_ - ,l
Corr(p%ion ,, a. - - u.
_9V
Corsairmn
Cor%e/e . -
Cos'os S
Co% gS - &m
Co(n&il - > u_.
Co(n&ilor .
36
Co(nsel _.
Co(nselor gm - . - a
Co(n%enan&er , - .
Co(n%er %he m
Co(n%er'and g. - _n - _.V
Co(ra/e >.
Co(ra/eo(s g>.
Co(r% 19 - - >.
The coursers 'Adiat (Al) <,a
"The &o(rsers". "Co(rsers" refer %o war horses when %he$ &har/e1
s%a'p %heir hoo4es1 brea%he hea4il$ and snor% in %he &o(rse of %he
&onf(sion of ba%%le. ,(rah 1 of %he Hol$ .(r'an.
Co(r%eo(s
-, .
Co(r%es$
.& - aV
Co(r%$ard
- >.
Co4ered
.
Co4erin/
. - gs
- u.
Co$
. - _>
Cra&+brain
.
Cradle
.g
Crea%ion
_
Crea%or
_
Crea%(res
<s
Creden&e
- ,p - _,m
n.
Credend('
un
Credi%able
_S. -
Cred(lo(s
a.
Creed
S - - un
37
uag.
Cres&en%ade
a.g>
Crier
a - a
Cri'e
,> -
Cri'inal
> -
Crisis
&_V
Cross
m
Crowd
ug - .>
Crown
- _SV
Crown prin&e
g
Cr(&ifiIion
m
Cr(el
n - r
Cr(el%$
u.n - .>
Cr(sade
m
Cr(saders
m
C(l'ina%ion
u_ g.
C(l%
, n
C(l% an&es%or
9V ua
C(l%(re
sn. - u_m
C(ra%e
S
C(r'(d/eon
g. _
C(s%odian
m n
&V
C(s%od$
_nV
C(s%o'

C(s%o's
Q_>
C7ar
mn
C7arina
umn

3-
ahr (Ad)The Time ......
"The Ti'e". Ano%her na'e for ,(ra%(l :nsan. ,(rah 76 of %he Hol$
.(r'an. Ad-"ahr indi&a%es %he spa&e/%i'e &on%in(('.
ajjal(Ad) Anti-Christ _......
An%i-Chris%. Also +nown as *aseeh ad-"a<<al. ,ee Ahadee%h re/ardin/
"%he ;inal Ho(r" in bo%h ,ahih boo+s. ,ahih 9(+hari1 Hadi%h 66!1 651
Fol.6. ,ahih *(sli'1 5i%ab al-;i%an wa :shara% as-,a$'ah.
ar ages
L _m
arness hulumaat <....L
"ar+ness. :n %he sense of l(r+in/ dan/er. ,ee Hol$ .(r' an1 Al- An'aa'
(6#E63. This is where %he word "h(l' (in<(s%i&e# is deri4ed1 for in<(s%i&e
in wha%e4er for' is an e4il dar+ness.
"ash
&m - pm
"awn
>
awood , (Peace be uon him) a aa
p9.
"a4id. A prophe% of :sla'. The prophe% %o who' %he Dabo(r was
re4ealed1 and who fo(/h% 8al(% (Aolia%h# and +illed hi'. ,ee Hol$
.(r'an1 ,aad (3-#E17-26. ,ee *(rsaleen.
"a$brea+
_
"a$ of asse'bl$
. p,
"a$ of e%erni%$
a p,
"a$ of eIod(s
p,
"a$ of /a%herin/
g> p,
"a$ of <(d/'en%
_m p,
"a$ of 'ee%in/
_9 p,
"a$ of res(rre&%ion
&n p,
"a$ of sa&rifi&e
p,
"a$ of %hrea%enin/
p,
"a$brea+
_ - >
3!
"eadl$

"ear%h
1n - >
"ea%h

"eba%in/
.> - a>
"eba(&hin/
, - _.
"eben%(re
. - Qm
"e&ei%less
&V n. gm
ecetion ha
"e&ep%ion. @a'e of a pi% in Hellfire.
"e&ep%ion
_ - g
"e&lara%ion
9V - gm,V -
"e&lara%ion of war
9
"eeds
_l
"efa(l%
- _V_mn
"efea%
,_g - p_gV
"efenes
m
"efian&e

"efra(din/
_ - s
"ei/n
gm
"ele/a%e
< _,
-
"ele/a%in/
- _, .V
"eli4eran&e
- , _
"el(/e
s
"e'andin/
msV
"e'en%ia
a - 9
6
"e'o&ra%is'
n,
"e'olish'en%
- ,
"e'on
,
"e'ons%ra%ion
n -

"eno'ina%ion
- a& ,a
"eno'ina%ionalis'
m
"eno%a%ion

"en$in/
S - >>
"eposed
g - __
"epra4a%ion
a.sV - ,
"epre&a%e
., - >.,
"epre&a%in/
uaV
"ep(%a%ion
_,
"ep(%$
- _S
"ep(%ies

"eran/e'en%
Q._V - 1
"era$
m
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,. - _gV
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"es&endan%s
a>V
"ese&ra%ion
- QgV
"esidera%ion
.V - r
"esi/na%ion
_ -
"esire
- r ug.
61
"esola%eness
- _&
"esola%ion
- _&
"espair
l - 1n
"ispa%&h
g9 -
"espera%ion
l - 1n
"espoilin/
. - g
"espoil'en%
. - g -mrV
"esponden%
- 1n
"espo%
. - L
"espo%is'
,aV -
"es%ina%ion

"es%inis'
mn - _n
"es%in$
m - _n
"es%ro$er
_
"es%r(&%ion
pg - & - ,
"e%en%ion
sV - _,
"e%eriora%ion
a. - <
"e%er'inis'
,> -
"e%es%a%ion
- n uS
"e4as%a%ion
& - ,
"e4elop'en%
_ -
"e4ian&e

"e4ia%ion
V - g,_ - _9m
"e4il
.
62
"e4o(%ness
- n g_ Q. -
himmi A non-uslim ...&..
A non-*(sli' li4in/ (nder %he pro%e&%ion of :sla'i& r(le.
hul-ifl _.......S a
"h(l-5ifl A (H7e+iel# was a 3as(l (*essen/er# of Allah (Aod#. He is
'en%ioned a% se4eral pla&es in %he Hol$ .(r-an (21E-5--6K 3-E6-#.
"h(l-5ifl A (H7e+iel# was a 3as(l (*essen/er# sen% %o %he :sraeli%es. He
&o''anded %he' %o wa/e a war a/ains% %he 'is&hie4o(s people1 b(%
%he$ ref(sed i% for %he fear of dea%h. Allah (Aod# p(nished %he' wi%h
dea%h b$ a pla/(e and h(/e blas%s. @o one a'on/s% %he' re'ained
ali4e %o e4en b(r$ %he dead. "h(l-5ifl A (H7e+iel# was pra$in/ %o Allah
(Aod# in se&l(sion for /i4in/ Hida$ah (A(idan&e# %o his people. Chen
he &a'e o(%1 he saw %he p(%refied bodies of his followers. Al%ho(/h his
people disobe$ed hi'1 he was deepl$ a//rie4ed b$ %heir fa%e. He
'ade "(>a (,(ppli&a%ion# %o Allah (Aod# %o /i4e %heir li4es ba&+ %o
%he'. Allah (Aod# lis%ened %o his reG(es% and bro(/h% %he followers of
"h(l-5ifl A (H7e+iel# ba&+ %o life (The Hol$ .(r-an 2E2-#. *(sli's
belie4e in "h(l-5ifl A (H7e+iel# and all o%her 3(s(l (*essen/ers# of
Allah (Aod#.
hulm injustice .....L
)s(all$ wron/l$ spelled as D(l'. :% 'eans in<(s%i&e1 har'1 wron/doin/
or %rans/ression ei%her a/ains% oneself or so'eone else.
1. A/ains% oneself. "oin/ deeds or sa$in/ words whi&h will brin/
%he displeas(re of Allah Ta'ala. These deeds 'a$ be ph$si&al or
spiri%(al %ha% will (l%i'a%el$ har' %he so(l.
2.
A/ains% o%hers. :n an$ for' wha%soe4er1 whe%her %he$ he
ph$si&al or 'en%al. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 Al-9aGara (2#35. :%s
opposi%e is @(r1 li/h%. ,ee @(r.
hu'l arnain n a
Bne of %he /rea%es% r(lers of an&ien% his%or$. He was a %r(e belie4er in
Allah Ta'ala. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 Al-5ahf(1-#E-3.
iale&%i&
_>
"i&%a%or
S _
"i&%a%orship
S _
"ifferin/
- 9>V ,
"iffiden&e
_S
"iffiden%
_>
63
"i/ni%$
&S
"ilapida%ion
- ,
"ila%a%ion
a - 1.V
"il(4i('
s
"ire&%or
ag - a
"irha' A sil4er &oin
_a
"ir%

"isab(sed
g - .
"isaffir'a%ion
_n - _SV
"isa/ree'en%
9>V - s - ,
"isas%er
s - ._S
"isbelief
- S a> - Q.
"is&ep%a%ion
pm - n
"is&iple
_ - ,
"is&ipline
pL - ,g
"is&o'fi%ed
p_g -
"is&o'pos(re
mV
"is&ord ,hiGaaG _n.
"is&rea%ion
pg -
"is&ri'ina%ion
s - s -
m
"is&(lpa%ion
,
"isfi/(ra%ion
a,.
"ishones%

66
"ishones%$

"islo$al%$
_ -
"is'issal
a - __
"isobedien&e
m
"isor/ani7a%ion
a. - m
"ispi%eo(s
_ - _>
"isposi%ion
_
"isposi%ional
_.
"isp(%e
a>
"isse'ble
_s,
"issi'(la%or
_s
"isso&ial
1
"issol(%e
_
"iss(asion
gm - a._p
"is%in/&%ion
s.
"is%in/(ished
_
"is%r(s%
Q. - ._V
"is%(rban&e
mV -
"is(nionis'
mV
"i%&h
_
"i4ided
p.n
"i4idin/
.n
"i4ina%ion
gS
"i4ine
gV
65
"i4ine assis%an&e
g| ,l.
"i4ine <(s%i&e
gV _
"i4ine na'es
. V
"i4ine o'nipo%en&e
gV g
"i4ine pro4iden&e
gV ,
"i4ine ri/h%
gV _
"i4ine sa$in/
n <,
"i4ini%$
<9
"i4or&e'en%
_9
ia lood mone a.....,a
9lood 'one$1 paid as &o'pensa%ion for +illin/1 wo(ndin/1 e%&. 2l(ralE
"i$aa%.
"o&%rine
un
"o/'a%is'
,n
"olef(l
LS
"ol%
_>V
"o'ains
S>
"o'esda$
. p,
"o'es%i&i%$
V
"o'inan&e
ua. - u.
"o'inan%
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- u.
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. S -
"oo'sda$
. p,
"o(b%
- Q. aa
66
"oI$
l - un
"read

"ri4e
<.
uha (Ad) Forenoonm
";orenoon"E The 'id-'ornin/ ho(rs. ,(rah !3 of %he Hol$ .(r'an.
uhan The moe ...>
"The ,'o+e". ,(rah 66 of %he Hol$ .(r'an. Bne of %he si/ns of %he
proIi'i%$ of %he Jas% "a$.
"(%ies
<
"wellin/
pn - S.
"wellin/ of pea&e
p9. _a
"$nas%$
- S uV ._ Q

(The) arthuae Zalalah a......__

"The Har%hG(a+e". Bne of %he na'es of %he ?a(' al-.ia'a. ,ee ,(rah
!! of %he Hol$ .(r'an.
Ha/ar

Ha/erness
agV - -
Hblis
.
Hdi&%
&V - - p S
Hffa&e
- _, g.,
Hffa&e'en%
- _V
Hffe&%
.l - _
Hffe&%ion
,S - .
Hffi&ien&$
,S - u_n
H//in/
rV - _,
id a festivit .....
67
The word 'Hid is an Arabi& na'e %o 'ean a fes%i4i%$1 a &elebra%ion1 a
re&(rrin/ happiness1 and a feas%. :n :sla'1 %here are %wo 'a<or 'Hids
na'el$ %he feas% of 3a'adhan ('H:d Al-;i%r# and %he ;eas% of ,a&rifi&e
('Hid Al-Adhha#. The firs% 'Hid is &elebra%ed b$ *(sli's af%er fas%in/ %he
'on%h of 3a'adhan as a 'a%%er of %han+s and /ra%i%(de %o Al'i/h%$
Allah. :% %a+es pla&e on %he firs% da$ of ,hawwal1 %he %en%h 'on%h of
%he l(nar &alendar. The se&ond 'Hid is %he ;eas% of ,a&rifi&e and i% is %o
be &elebra%ed for %he 'e'or$ of prophe% :brahi' %r$in/ %o sa&rifi&e his
son :s'a'il (:sh'ael#. This 'Hid las%s fo(r da$s be%ween %he %en%h and
%he %hir%een%h da$ of D(l-Hi<<ah1 %he %welf%h 'on%h of %he l(nar
&alendar.
id Al-Adha mV
A fo(r-da$ fes%i4al %ha% &o'ple%es %he ri%es of pil/ri'a/e and %a+es
pla&e on %he 1%h-13%h of "h(: Hi<<ah(%he 1%h is %he da$ of @ahr and
11%h-13%h are %he da$s of TashriG#. Ji%erall$ 'eans "%he feas% of %he
sa&rifi&e". This feas% &o''e'ora%es %he 2rophe% :brahi''s obedien&e
%o Allah b$ bein/ prepared %o sa&rifi&e his onl$ son :s'ael1 pea&e be
on bo%h of %he'. ,ee Hol$ .(r' an1 As-,affaa% (37#M1BB-1B3.
id Al-Fitr .....
Three-da$ fes%i4al 'ar+in/ %he end of 3a'adan. :% %a+es pla&e on %he
1s% of ,hawal1 %he 1%h 'on%h of %he :sla'i& &alendar.
Amr ill a' roof njoining the good

Hn<oinin/ %he /ood. The f(ll 4ersion is "A'r bill *a'roofwa nahi 'anil
*(n+ar"1 (en<oinin/ %he /ood and forbiddin/ %he e4il#.
H<a&(la%ion
_g -
Hle&%
m
Hle/$
.
Hle'en%alis'
,m
Hle4a%ion

Hli%e
- um - 9
HloG(en&e
- >m
H'bassador
.
H'ba%%le
m,
H'ber
u>
6-
H'ble'
_. - _&
H'ble'en%
g,
H'bra&e
_,
H'enda%or
gm
H'er/en%-$ear
,n .
H'i/ran%
g
H'i/ra%ion
u>g
H'issar$
<
H'ission
< - <V
-
H'peror
_&V
H'per$
.
H'pire
,_&V
H'press
u_&V
H'p%iness
9 - g
H'(la%ion
.s
Hna&%'en%
- n- ,. .
Hn&han%in/
s - - .
Hn&o(ra/e'en%
g>.
Hn&roa&h'en%
V - _
Hnde'i&
.
Hndin/
. - ,g
ndowment Waf ,s
Hndow'en%. A &hari%able %r(s% in %he @a'e of Allah1 (s(all$ in
perpe%(i%$1 and (s(all$ for %he p(rposes of es%ablishin/ %he "een of
:sla'1 %ea&hin/ (sef(l +nowled/e1 feedin/ %he poor or %rea%in/ %he
si&+.
6!
Hndow'en%
g - _m
Hnd(rin/
s -
Hnfolded
.
Hnfor&e'en%
- uSV >
Hnfran&hise'en%
_ - ,
Hnhan&e'en%
s - S_
Hnri&her

Hnsla4e'en%
aV
Hn%hrall'en%
_sV - aV
Hn%h(sias'
- psV
Hn%i&e'en%
- rV _m
Hn%rea%'en%
gm
Hn%rea%$
gm
Hn%ren&h'en%
_
Hn(&lea%or

Hn4io(s

Hn4o$
_ < - -
Hn4$
.
Hnwraped
.
Hpilo/(e
.
HG(ali%$
u.
HG(i%able
_a - - ,m 1.n
HG(i%a%ion

HG(i%$
1.n - _
5
HG(i4alen%
sS
Hra
&_ - m - n
Hraser
>
Hrasin/

Hre&%
m - _ - ,n
Hre'i%e
_ - Q
Hris%i&
> - .n
Hran%r$
_9m - a.
Hroneo(sl$
V9m
Hroneo(snes

Hrror
- l
Hsop
n
Hso%eri&
- .
Hsperan&e
_&V -
Hspiona/e
.> - >
Hsponsal
.V - m
Hspri%
g
Hsse a - S
Hssen%ial ,
Hs%ablished m
Hs%ablish'en% l- g - .
Hs%ee' ,n - _9V - ,n
Hs%o4ers g u_m
Hs%ran/e'en% -_r_
H%ernals - .V m
H%erni%$ (:nfini%# Abd .l
51
H%hi&s _9>V
H%iolo/$ .
H4al(a%ion ,n
H4anes&en% - __
H4an/eli7a%ion .
ve Hawwa >
H4e1 wife of Ada'1 pea&e be on %he'. ,he bore 'an$ &hildren. H4er$
%i'e she /a4e bir%h1 %he$ were %wins1 one 'ale and one fe'ale. Ha&h
%win 'arried %he %win of %he o%her. The %wo 'os% fa'o(s of her
offsprin/ were Habil (Abel# and .aabil (Cain#.
H4en% s - <
H4erlas%in/ - - s
H4iden&e - uag. -> -

H4iden% L
H4il -. .
H4ol(%ion _.
HIa&% p- _&S
HIa&%in/ mrV - uSV - L

HIa&%ion mrV - L
HIal%a%ion ,,.
HIal%ed -
HIal%ergs
HI&a(da%e .V
HI&la'a%ion - gmV
HI&(lpa%ion - ,
HI&(se_
HIe&(%ion pV - Q9V
HIe&(%or m
HIe/esis .
52
HIe/es%e . - g_.
HIe'p%ion V - u
HIer%ion agV
HIile - u>g - 9>
HIile'en% - a.V
HIis%en&e S - a - n
HIorbi%an&e _> - L
HIor&is' u
HIpandin/ g.V
HIpansion g - - 1.
HIpa%ria%ion - 9V - .
HIpedi%ion >
HIpendin/ _V
HIpensi4e _
HIperi'en% u
HIpiable S, ,
HIpia%ion ,
HIplainin/ .
HIploi% u.l - u - _
HIploi%a%ion _9V - uaV
HIponen% g_. - .
HIposi%iopn g. -
HIpos%(la%ion _V - gm - ,
HIpo(nder
HIp(/nan&e g - gn
HIp(/ner g. - n - _
HIp(r/a%ion g
HI%ension - 1. - g
HI%in&%ion
HI%ra4a/an&e V
53
HI%ra4a/an% .
HI%r(sion a
H$ewi%nes .
F
;a p.n m
;able u_V s
;a&ili%a%ion .
;a&ili%$ g. - .
;a&in/ g
;a&%ion _
;a&%or _& - - < _S
;a&(l%$ aS&- am> u_s
a&(l%ie um -
;ad a.
;ade < - as
;ai s
Car boo%$ /ained wi%ho(% fi/h%in/.
;ail(re -_. .
;air$ > - >
;air$is' ,n
lman faith...,
Tr(s%1 fai%h and a&&ep%an&e. Ha4in/ fai%h and belie4in/ inE
Allah Ta'ala. To affir' wi%h %he %on/(e1 belie4e in %he hear%
and &onfir' %hro(/h a&%ion %he followin/E
His HIis%en&e.
His Jordship.
His Corship.
His @a'es and A%%rib(%es.
9elief in His an/els.
9elief in His re4ealed 9oo+s.
9elief in His 'essen/ers1 wi%ho(% 'a+in/ an$ dis%in&%ion
be%ween %he'.
9elief in %he Ho(r and %he 8(d/e'en% and %he ;ire and %he
Aarden.
56
9elief in %he "i4ine de&rees of Allah Ta'ala1 bo%h %he /ood
and %he e4il. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 Al-9aGara (2#E2-5. ,ee
*(rsaleen .
;ai%hf(l n
;ai%hf(l %he &
;ai%hf(l spiri% &V g
;ai%hf(lness _9>V -&V
Fajr (Al) The awn .....>
"The "awn". The %i'e of %he firs% obli/a%or$ ,ala% (2ra$er#. :% &an be
pra$ed a% an$ %i'e be%ween %he firs% li/h% of dawn and <(s% before
s(nrise. Also &alled ,(bh ('ornin/#.,(rah -! of %he Hol$ .(r'an.
Falaah uccess g9.........
,(&&ess. 3eal s(&&ess lies in "en<oinin/ wha% is ri/h% and forbiddin/
wha% is e4il..." (,(rah Aali :'ran (3#E16#. Bne of %he sen%en&es %ha% is
said d(rin/ %he Adhan and :Ga'a1 "Ha$a 'alal ;alaah" (Co'e %o
,(&&ess#. B%her deri4a%ionsE *(flih N %he person who is s(&&essf(l1 %he
person whose deeds and a&%ions ha4e /ained Allah Ta'ala's pleas(re.
,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 ,(rah Al-9aGara (2#E 1-5. ,ee AflahaE He has
s(&&eeded.
Fala (Al)The abrea _..
"The "a$brea+" ,(rah 113 of %he Hol$ .(r'an.
;alse __ - g
;alsehear%ed S -
;alshod __
;alsi%$ S - __
;a'e . - m
The famil of 'lmran Aali 'lmran _l

. ':'ran was %he fa%her of *aria'1 %he 'o%her of %he

2rophe% :sa (8es(s#1 pea&e be on %he'.
;anal u_
;ana%i&is' m
;an&$ - L - _
Faeeh ans
An :sla'i& s&holar who &an /i4e an a(%hori%a%i4e le/al opinion or
<(d/e'en%.
55
Fard 'Ain _s
An a&%ion whi&h is obli/a%or$ on e4er$ *(sli'.
Fard Al-ifaa Collective dut ,S _s
Colle&%i4e d(%$. A d(%$ on all %he &o''(ni%$K b(% if i% is f(lfilled b$ a
par% of %ha% &o''(ni%$ %hen %he res% are no% obli/ed %o f(lfill i%.
;are V
;arewell ga
Faridha A dut ....m,s
A d(%$ en<oined on all *(sli's. 2l(ralE ;ara'idh.
Farsah League g..s
Jea/(eK abo(% %hree 'iles.
Faru __
This was %he na'e /i4en %o )'ar ibn Al-5ha%%ab. :% 'eans 'Bne who
dis%in/(ishes %he %r(%h fro' falsehood'.
;as&ina%ion .
;ash
Fasting eeaam p....m
;as%in/1 fro' food and drin+ - and fro' seI(al in%er&o(rse if $o( are
'arried d(rin/ da$li/h%1 fro' %he firs% li/h% of dawn (n%il s(nse%. Also
spelled as ,a('. ;as%in/ in %he 'on%h of 3a'adan is one of %he Ar+an
(fi4e pillars# of :sla'. Allah Ta' ala has 'ade i% obli/a%or$ on e4er$
*(sli' whe%her 'an or wo'an1 wi%h %he eI&ep%ion ofE
1. A person who is ill.
2. A person on a<o(rne$ of 16 ;arsa+hs (6- 'iles# or 'ore.
3. A wo'an who is 'ens%r(a%in/ or who has <(s% /i4en bir%h.
Bn&e %hese si%(a%ions no lon/er appl$1 %he 'issed da$s '(s%
be &o'pensa%ed. The 4er$ $o(n/ are eIe'p%ed.The a/ed
sho(ld fas%1 b(% if %he$ find i% diffi&(l% %hen %he$ %oo are
eIe'p%ed and 'a$ feed poor people ins%ead. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1
Al-9aGara (2#E1-6-1-51 1-7.
;a%alis' > &
;a%ali%$ mn
;a%e m - mn
;a%ed
Fath (Al) The Victor g....
"The Fi&%or$". ,(rah 6- of %he Hol$ .(r'an.
Fatiha The Oening Chater .
"The Bpenin/ Chap%er". Ano%her na'e for ,(ra%(l-Ha'd. ,(rah 1 of
%he Hol$ .(r'an.
56
Fat'han ubeena anifest Victor g

"*anifes% Fi&%or$". The 'anifes% 4i&%or$ %ha% is referred %o here is %he

pea&e %rea%$ of H(daibi$ah. :% was one of %he /rea%es% 4i&%ories whi&h
%he newl$-born :sla'i& )''ah (na%ion# /ained. Bn fa&e 4al(e i%
see'ed li+e a /rea% se%ba&+ for %he *(sli's1 b(% in fa&% i% was1 b$ %he
will of Allah Ta'ala1 one of %he 'ain 'eans b$ whi&h %he *(sli's
&onsolida%ed and /rew. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 ,(rah Al-;a%h (6-#.
Fatima a Allah be leased with her as
"a(/h%er of %he Hol$ 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and
/ran% hi' pea&e. ,he is one of %he fo(r /rea%es% wo'en e4er &rea%ed
b$ Allah Ta'ala. The o%her %hree areE
1. *aria' (*ar$#1 *o%her of 2rophe% :sa (8es(s#1 pea&e be on hi'.
2. Asi$a1 %he wife of ;ir'a(n (2haraoh#.
3. 5hadi<a 1'a$ Allah be pleased wi%h her1 %he firs% wife of %he
2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ %he blessin/ of Allah be on hi' and
on all his wi4es and fa'il$.
The Fatimids (909-1171 A) s9
The ;a%i'ids are %ra&ed ba&+ %o 0Ali bin Abi Talib and his wife1
;a%i'ah. This s%a%e was es%ablished b$ 0)baid(llah Al-*ahdi in
T(nisia. :% wi%nessed 16 &aliphs1 and rea&hed i%s (%'os% eIpansion
d(rin/ %he era of Al-*(0i771 who anneIed @or%h Afri&a %o his s%a%e and
sen% 8a(har Al-,iGilli1 his &o''ander-in-&hief1 %o o&&(p$ H/$p%. 8a(har
es%ablished Cairo whi&h la%er be&a'e %he s%a%e &api%al %o whi&h Al-
*(0i77 'o4ed and eI%ended his infl(en&e o4er ,$ria1 Jebanon and
2ales%ine. The las% &aliph was Al-0Adid whose 'inis%r$ was led b$
,alah Al-"in Al-A$$(bi1 who e4en%(all$ pre&ipi%a%ed %he fall of %he
;a%i'id s%a%e. The 'os% no%able ar&hi%e&%(ral and &(l%(ral
a&hie4e'en%s were %he es%ablish'en% of Cairo and %he &ons%r(&%ion of
Al-A7har *osG(e.
Fatir (Al) The Creator ....
"The Crea%or". Also ano%her na'e for a:-*alai+ah. ,(rah 35 of %he Hol$
.(r'an.
Fatwa A legal verdict us
A le/al 4erdi&% /i4en on a reli/io(s basis. %he so(r&es on whi&h a fa%wa
is based are %he Hol$ .(r'an1 ,ahih 9(+hari and *(sli'1 and all o%her
a(%hen%i&a%ed Ahadee%h.
;a(l% _
;a4onian g,a
57
;a4or -
;a4ori%e
;awn _s,
;awner _s
;a$ un
;eal
;eal%$ _9>V
;ear -
;eas%
;eas% of sa&rifi&e mV
;eas%
;edera&$ a.V
;ederal a.V
;ellow ,n -
;elon p>
;e'ale infan%i&ide < al
;es%i4al
;e%%ersChains amV
;e(d u
;e(dalis' sV
;e(dalis% sV
;i&%ion s>
;ideli%$ &V
;id(&ial _am - &V
Fida ......,
Co'pensa%ion for 'issin/ or wron/l$ pra&%isin/ ne&essar$ a&%s of
worship. ;id$a (s(all$ %a+es %he for' of dona%in/ 'one$ or foods%(ffs
or sa&rifi&in/ an ani'al. Con%ras% wi%h 5affara ('a+in/ a'ends#. ,ee
5affara.
;ilia%ion .
;inder %he
5-
;ines ,
Fih a.....n
:sla'i& Jaw.
Fir'aun Pharaoh ....s
2haraoh. Tide of %he An&ien% H/$p%ian r(lers1 par%i&(larl$ %he one who
re<e&%ed %he 2rophe% *(sa (*oses#1 pea&e he on hi'1 and %ried %o
ha4e hi' +illed. The$ were fa'o(s for %heir &r(el%$ and disbelief. ,ee
Hol$ .(r'an1 Al-9aGara (2#E6!1 Ta Ha (2#E!--1 Al-.asas(2-#E1-621 Al-
;a<r(-!#E1B-16.
Firdaus Paradise a
The 'iddle and %he hi/hes% par% of %he 8annah (2aradise#.
;i%na
This has 4ario(s 'eanin/s1 dependin/ on i%s &on%eI% in %he sen%en&eE
1. Bppression or %('(l%1 as in ,(rah Al-9aGara (2#E^!3.
2. Trial or p(nish'en%1 as in ,(rah Al-*aida (5#E76.
3. Trial or %e'p%a%ion1 as in ,(rah Al-Anfal (-#E2-.
6. :% &an also 'ean &a(sin/ dis&ord be%ween *(sli's1 or sedi%ion.
;ir'
Fitrah u...........
The fi%rah is %he na%(ral disposi%ion of e4er$ h('an bein/1 whi&h is %o
belie4e in Allah alone wi%ho(% an$ par%ners. The *essen/er (saw# said1
_Ha&h one of $o( is born on %he fi%rahK i% is $o(r paren%s who 'a+e $o(
8ews1 Chris%ians and fire worshippers.`
H4er$ person is born *(sli'1 belie4in/ in Aod. Howe4er1 when a
person s%ar%s %o follow his desires and false dei%ies1 his fi%rah will
be&o'e poll(%ed.
;i4e fo(nda%ion of isla' . p9V S_l
;iIa%ion .
;la'e L - .
;lin/ _a_V
;lir% __
;lo&+ .
;o/ u
;oible _
;ol+ & -
;ol+wa$ > ans
;ollowed a. n
;ooler$ g> - _
;olhard$ _.> - _g
5!
;oppish _
;orbearer
;orbiddan&e g - ,
;orbidden p
;or&e , - un - u_n
;or&ed .n - gn
;or&ef(lness ,>
;or&ible n - ,n
;or&in/ uSV
;oredoo' mn
;orefa%her aV 9V
;ore+nowled/e
;ores%aller S
Forewarner ...........,
;orewarner E Bne who warns sinf(l people a/ains% %he i''inen%
p(nish'en% of Allah
;orfei%(re . - p
;or/er$ ,_
;or/i4e gm,
;or/i4eness
;or/i4er _
;or/i4in/ gm -
;or'al _m - S.
;or'idable n
;orni&a%or _ -
;orni&a%ion _> - _
;orra$ mrV - .
;or% 1.
;or%ifi&a%ion m
;or%resses g9n
;or%(ne%ellin/ gS
6
;os%era/e gm
;o(nda%ion l
;o(ndlin/ 1n
fra'er g - S
;ran+ g,m
;ran+s >
;ran%i&. - gg
Fraterni%$ u>V
Fraterniation u............>
;ra%erni7a%ion E The 2rophe% (pea&e be (pon hi'# es%ablished
bro%herl$ %ies be%ween %he *(ha<ir(n and %he Ansar
;ra(d _ g
;rea+ g
;reboo%$ g - . - mn
;reedo' ,
;re'es&en&e r
;ren7$
;ri/h%ened _
;r(s%ra%ion _.V - 1>V
;(/i%a%ion & _
;(nda'en%alis' mV
Furaan (Al) The Criterion ........s
"The Cri%erion". Ano%her na'e of %he Hol$ .(r'an. ,(rah 25 of %he Hol$
.(r'an.
;(r$ m
Fussilat (Al) ms
"The$ are eIpo(nded." Ano%her na'e for Ha *i' and As-,a<da. ,(rah
61 of %he Hol$ .(r'an.

Aabriel
p9. a _,
Aab$

61
Aa/e

Aain
.S - g.
Aainsa$in/
_SV
Aalen

Aallan%
g.
Aa'e

Aan/
m
Aarrison
&>
Aa$ness
_
Aeneolo/$ @asab
.
:% 'eans linea/e or /eneolo/$.
Aenerali%$
rV - ,.SV
Aenera%ion
_
Aenerosi%$
a> - pS
Aenero(s %he
,S
Aens
u.
Aen%ili%$
, - .&
Aen%le
.
Aen(fle&%
gS,
Aen(fle&%ion
S
Aha7i
_
hawa A hol battle u_........r
A hol$ ba%%le for %he &a(se of Allah %he Al'i/h%$ in whi&h %he 2rophe%
*(ha''ad hi'self1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e1 %oo+
par%. @(ralE al-*a/ha7i or Aha7awa%.
heeba r
Tal+in/ e4il abo(% so'eone in his or her absen&e. 9a&+bi%in/. ,ee Hol$
.(r'an1 Al-H(<(ra% (6!#E12.
62
Aideon
<
Aif%
ag - pV
Aif

Ai'p
- u
Ai4en

Ai4er
-
Alarin/
L - gm
Alorifi&a%ion
> - >
Alorio(s

Alor$
>
Alor$ be %o hi'
. a
Alossaris%
g_. - .
Alow
s - gl
Al(%%ono(sness
g - .
Ana%honi&
- _s
Ano'e
S - _.l _n
Anosis
- s
Aod
a
Aod willin/
a a|.
Aodfearin/
,
Aodhead
V
Aodship
V
Aodward gV ,
Ao/ and 'a/o/
l& l,
63
Aolla%h
<
,a'ari%an
&.
Aospel
_>V
Ao%h
n
Ao%hi&
n
Ao(rd %ree
n u>.
Ao4ern
S, .,
Ao4ernable
., S,
Ao4ern'en%
&S S .
Ao4ernor
S
Ara&e
.>V
Ara&e of /od
, gV
Ara&io(s %he
,
Arada%ion
- _ .
Arai%h
- gm u. -
Arand
_> - L
Arande(r
L - _9>
Aran%
g,
Arasp
.
Ara%(i%$
g - - _
.>V
Ara4e
n
Ara4e sins
_S
Ara4e$ard
un
66
Area%
- S _n - L
Area%ness
L
Area% sin
uS
Areed
_
Aree+ fire
_ n,rV
Aree+s
p
Aree%in/
- p9.
Aree%in/s %he
<
Arie4an&e
m - L - Qm
Arie4in/
>
Ari'
, - .
Arossness
L - LL
Aro%%o
u_
Aro(&h
&
Aro(ndin/
l - g
Aro4e
S,V
Ar(d/e
m - n
Ar('ble
,sl,
A(ard
m, - ,
A(arded

A(ardian %he
1s
A(ardianship
m - ,m
A(erdon
V - . _> -
A(idan&e %he
,g - g
65
A(ide
_ - ag
A(idan&e ,g
A(ile
-g S
A(ilelessness
_m - &V
A(il%
a
A(il%less
-
A(il%$
- - p> >
A(il%iness
pV - .V
A(shness
_s - _
H
Habit
ua g
Hadith tradition <,
A sa$in/ or %radi%ion of %he 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi'
and /ran% hi' pea&e. 2l(ralE Ahadee%h.
Hadith-udsi s <,>
A sa$in/ of Allah Ta'ala narra%ed b$ %he Hol$ 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$
Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e1 %ha% is no% par% of %he Hol$
.(r'an.
Had<
g
Had<i

Hafi7
ln 1s>
Hafsa , a Allah be leased with her a m_ m>
g
"a(/h%er of )'ar ibn al-5ha%%ab1 'a$ Allah be pleased wi%h hi'1 and
wife of *(ha''ad1 'a$ %he blessin/s and pea&e of Allah be on hi'
and his fa'il$ and his &o'panions.
Hagar

Hajar Al-aswad (Al) 'lac tone' aV >

The '9la&+ ,%one'1 a s%one whi&h so'e sa$ fell fro' hea4en1 se% in%o
one &orner of %he 5a'aba in *a++a b$ %he 2rophe% :brahi' (Abraha'#1
pea&e be (pon hi'1 whi&h %he pil/ri's1 in i'i%a%ion of %he 2rophe%
66
*(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e1 +iss1 so
(nif$in/ all %he *(sli's %hro(/ho(% %he a/es in one pla&e.
Hajj (Al) The Pilgrimage g...
"The 2il/ri'a/e"1 whi&h &o''en&es on %he -%h of "h('l-Hi<<ah. There
are %hree %$pes of Ha<<E
1. Ha<<a%-Ta'a%a'a (in%err(p%ed#. )'ra followed b$ Ha<<1 b(%
%a+in/ off %he :hra' in be%ween %hese %wo s%a/es.
2. Ha<< al-.iran (&o'bined#. )'ra %hen Ha<< wi%ho(% %a+in/ off %he
:hra'.
3. Ha<< al-:frad (sin/le#. Ha<< wi%ho(% )'ra. A pil/ri'a/e %o *a++ah
in %he %welf%h 'on%h of %he :sla'i& &alendar is also +nown as
Ha<< al-:frad. The perfor'an&e of Ha<< &onsis%s of %en s%epsE
1.
2(% on %he :hra' a% %he appoin%ed s%a%ion1 %hen re&i%e
%he Talbi$ah. 3e&i%a%ion is done alo(d b$ 'en and
G(ie%l$ b$ wo'en. "ependin/ on wha% %$pe of Ha<< $o(
are doin/1 perfor' %he ne&essar$ ri%es a% %he 5a'aba on
arri4al in *a++ah. ,eeTalbi$a.
2. Ao %o *ina (on %he -%h of %he 'on%h#. 2ra$ %he "(hr1
'Asr1 *a/hreb1 :sha and ;a<r pra$ers a% %heir proper
%i'es1 b(% shor%enin/ %he fo(r 3a+'a% %o %wo1 as if doin/
%ra4ellin/ pra$ers.
3. Chen %he s(n rises (on %he !%h of %he 'on%h#1 /o %o
'Arafa% and &o'bine %he "(hr and 'Asr ,ala%.
6. Af%er %he s(n se%s1 /o %o al-*(7dallifa1 re&i%in/ %he
Talbi$ah. Co'bine %he *a/hreb and %he ':sha ,ala%.
Af%er %he ;a<r pra$er1 raise $o(r hands and do "('a.
(Af%er 'idni/h%1 wo'en and %he wea+ 'a$ pro&eed %o
*ina if %he$ wish.#
5. :n *(7dallifa (or *ina#1 pi&+ (p s'all s%ones (ei%her 6!
or 7# %o %hrow a% %he 8a'ra (s%one pillars# of 'AGaba.
6. Ao %o *ina (on %he 1%h of %he 'on%h#K
Throw se4en s%ones1 one s%one a% a %i'e1 a% %he
lar/es% of %he %hree 8a'ras (%he s%one pillars %ha%
represen% ,hai%an#.
,a&rifi&e $o(r ani'al. ?o( '(s% ea% so'e of i%s
'ea%1 b(% /i4e %he b(l+ of i% %o %he poor and
h(n/r$. ("o %his s%ep onl$ if i% is reG(ired of $o(.
:% is no% reG(ired for Ha<< al-:frad. :f $o( are doin/
ei%her of %he o%her %wo %$pes of Ha<<1 b(% &anno%
afford an ani'al1 %hen fas% %hree da$s af%er $o(
firs% p(% on :hra' and se4en da$s af%er $o( ha4e
re%(rned ho'e.#
,ha4e $o(r head. Co'en onl$ need %o &(% off a
lo&+ of hair. The r(les of :hra' are now lif%ed1
eI&ep% for seI(al in%er&o(rse wi%h one's spo(se.
67
7. Ao %o *a++ah and do Tawaf al-:fada. Ao %o %he hills of
,afa and *arwa and do ,a'i. @ow %he r(les of :hra' are
&o'ple%el$ lif%ed.
-. 3e%(rn %o *ina and s%a$ %here for %he re'ainder of %he
1%h and on %he 11%h1 12%h and %he 13%h. (?o( 'a$1 if
$o( wish1 lea4e *ina af%er Asr on %he 12%h or af%er Asr
on %he 13%h. ?o( '(s% lea4e *ina before %he s(n se%s.#
!. Ha&h da$1 s%one ea&h of %he %hree 8a'ras (%he s%one
pillars# wi%h se4en pebbles.
10.
:f $o( wish %o re%(rn ho'e1 $o( '(s% do %he Tawaf al-
Cida'. @o-one is eI&(sed1 eI&ep% for 'ens%r(a%in/
wo'en or wo'en in %he period of dis&har/e af%er
&hildbir%h. ,ee Tawaf al-Cida. ,ee ,(rah 22 of %he Hol$
.(r'an. 2erfor'in/ %he Ha<< if $o( are able is one of %he
Ar+an of :sla
6-
Hajj-al-wida' The last farewell Hajj >>
ga
The las% farewell Ha<< of *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran%
hi' pea&e1 before his dea%h. "(rin/ %ha% Ha<<1 *(ha''ad /a4e an
i''or%al 5h(%ba &alled "5h(%ba%(l Cida". This ser'on is s%ill
re'e'bered word for word1 for i% &onfir'ed %ha% %he "een of :sla'
had been &o'ple%ed1 %rans'i%%ed and es%ablished b$ %he *essen/er of
Allah1 'a$ %he blessin/s and pea&e of Allah be on hi' and his fa'il$
and his &o'panions and all who follow hi' in wha% %he$ are able1 wi%h
sin&eri%$1 (n%il %he Jas% "a$.
Ha+ee'
S -
Ha+i'
S
Halah .......n>
A /ro(p of s%(den%s in4ol4ed in %he s%(d$ of :sla'.
Hanbali >
Bne of %he 'ain s&hools of %ho(/h% in :sla'1 fo(nded b$ Ah'ad :bn
Hanbal (d. -55 A.C.#1 a fa'o(s s&holar of fiGh.
Han/in/
_.
Hanifi >
Bne of %he 'ain s&hools of %ho(/h% in :sla'1 fo(nded b$ Ab( Hanifah
(d. 767 a.&.#1 a fa'o(s s&holar of fiGh.
Haman &
*inis%er of ;ir'a(n (2haraoh# who %ried %o ha4e all %he newborn babies
+illed a% %he %i'e when %he 2rophe% *(sa (*oses#1 pea&e be on hi'1
was born.
Hannah, a Allah be leased with her>
Arand'o%her of %he 2rophe% :sa (8es(s1 ,on of *ar$#1 pea&e be on
%he'1 and wife of ':'ran1 'a$ Allah be pleased wi%h hi'. ,in&e %he
2rophe% isa had 'a%ernal /randparen%s1 how &an %he Chris%ians &lai'
hi' %o be AllahL ,in&e Allah is %he Crea%or of all %ha% %here is1 and was
no% &rea%ed1 do %he Chris%ians &lai' %ha% Allah has a fa'il$ %reeL
(,in&e %he$ a&+nowled/e %he i''a&(la%e &on&ep%ion and %he 4ir/in
bir%h1 wh$ do %he$ %ra&e %he linea/e of 8es(s %hro(/h 8oseph %he
&arpen%erL ,ee *a%%hew 1E6-161 J(+e 3E23-311# Alor$ be %o Allah1 %he
*os% Hi/h. C(rsed are %hose who as&ribe par%ners %o Hi'. The
p(nish'en% of Hellfire awai%s %hose who do no% desis% fro' %his
blasphe'$.
Happenin/
u_m gs
Haram p
6!
1.
An$ a&% or deed whi&h is prohibi%ed b$ Allah and will in&(r His
wra%h and p(nish'en%. ,ee Ah+a'.
2.
,an&%(ar$ or bo(ndar$ of an$ *as<id ('osG(e#1 b(% (s(all$
(sed wi%h re/ard %o %he san&%(aries of %he *as<id al-Ha ra' in
*a++ah and *as<id al-3asool1 'a$ Allah /i4e hi' li/h% and
pea&e in his /ra4e1 in *adinah. This is wh$ %he$ are referred %o
as "A:-Hara'ain al-,hariffain"1 %he %wo Hol$ ,an&%(aries.
Haramain al sharifain (AL) &
,.
"The %wo Hol$ ,an&%(aries". The san&%(ar$ of %he 5a'ba a% *a++ah and
%he san&%(ar$ of al-*as<id al-3asool1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran%
hi' pea&e1 in *adinah.
Harbin/er . ,
Haroon, eace be uon him a _
p9.
Aaron. A prophe% of :sla'. He was %he bro%her of %he 2rophe% *(sa
(*oses#1 pea&e be on %he'. ,ee Hol$ .(r' an1 Ta Ha (2#K2!-361 !-!6.
Harsh
1 1
Har(speI

Harut and marut <_& <_

Two an/els who1 b$ %he per'ission of Allah Ta'ala1 %a(/h% 'a/i& %o %he
people of 9ab$lon. ,ee Hol$ .(r' an1 Al-9aGara (2#E12.
Hasad ealous .
8ealo(s$. Hasad is forbidden in :sla'1 eI&ep% for %wo spe&ifi& reasonsE
1. 9ein/ <ealo(s of a person for 'e'ori7in/ %he Hol$ .(r'an b$
hear%.
2.
9ein/ <ealo(s of a weal%h$ person for eIpendin/ his weal%h in
%he pa%h of Allah Ta'ala.
Hashr (Al) The ile .....
1. "The HIile". ,(rah 5! of %he Hol$ .(r'an.
2. Ano%her na'e for %he "a$ of 8(d/e'en%1 ?a('al-Hashr1 ""a$ of
%he Aa%herin/".
Ha%ef(l
a,S - _ uS -
Ha%e
uS
Hawain _...
A .(raishi %ribe. An Arabian %ribe %ha% alwa$s /a4e %ro(ble %o %he new-
born :sla'i& na%ion before %heir &on4ersion %o :sla'.
7
Ha7ard
s_> - u
Headship
, - &_
Heads%ron/

Hrads%ron/ness
a
Hearer
g.
Hearsa$
,
Hear%b(rnin/
. m
Hea%ben
. sS
Hea%henishness
.
Hea%henis'
.V ua
Heaven amaa .
Hea4en. :n %he sense of 's+$'. ",ab'a ,a'awa%" - ,e4en Hea4ens.
2l(ralE ,a'awa%.
Hea4en
n _a
Hea4el$
.
hea4enl$ de&rees ,. &V
Hebrew

He&%or
g. - _>
He/e'on$
&_ . -
He/ira
u>g
Heir
<, <_
Heir apparen%
g
Heirdo'
._ - <_p
Hell
g
Helo%r$
- s_V
71
Help
m
Helpers
_mV
Helpf(l
gs
Hera&les
_s
Herald
. - ,
Herdsa'an

(The) Hereafter Ahira u>V

(Af%er-Jife1 Hereaf%er1 @eI% Corld#. %he %er' e'bra&es %he followin/
ideas.
Tha% %he presen% order of eIis%en&e will so'e da$ &o'e %o an end
Tha% when %ha% happens1Aod will brin/ ano%her order in%o bein/ in
whi&h He will res(rre&% all h('an bein/s1 /a%her %he' %o/e%her and
eIa'ine %heir &ond(&%1 and reward %he' wi%h <(s%i&e and 'er&$.
Tha% %hose who are re&+oned /ood will be sen% %o 2aradise whereas
%he e4il-doers will be &onsi/ned %o Hell.
Tha% %he real 'eas(re of s(&&ess or fail(re of a person is no% %he
eI%en% of his prosperi%$ in %he presen% life1 b(% his s(&&ess in %he @eI%.
Heresiar&h$
ng - _9m
Heri%a/e
- S <
Her'i%
Q - _
Her'i%a/e
&m
Hero
_ g>.
He%erodoI$
- ng _9m
Hi/hbred
_ - ,,.
Hijab veil >>
An$ +ind of 4eil - i% &o(ld be a &(r%ain1 a fa&ial 4eil1 e%&. The fa&ial Hi<ab
is di4ided in%o %wo %$pesE
1. @iGab N f(ll fa&ial &o4erin/.
2. 5hi'ar N par%ial fa&ial &o4erin/1 i.e. i% &o4ers %he fa&e1 b(%
lea4es %he e$es eIposed. :% is said %ha% %he )ni4erse is wha%
4eils %he Crea%or fro' %he &rea%ion. :f $o( find %he 4eil awe-
inspirin/1 how '(&h 'ore awe-ins pirin/ is %he Bne behind %he
4eilO
Hija _>
72
The re/ion alon/ %he wes%ern seaboard of Arabia1 in whi&h *a++a1
*edina1 8eddah and Ta'if are si%(a%ed.
Hijr (Al) >
"Al-Hi<r". @a'e of a ro&+$ pla&e and i%s people. ,(rah 15 of %he Hol$
.(r'an.
Hijraigrationu>g
*i/ra%ion in %he pa%h of Allah.
Hijri >
@a'e of %he :sla'i& l(nar &alendar. :% %oo+ i%s na'e fro' %he earl$
*(sli's who 'i/ra%ed fro' *a++ah %o *adinah1 and &o''en&es fro'
%he da%e of %he 2rophe% *(ha''ad's Hi<ra1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and
/ran% hi' pea&e1 whi&h he 'ade wi%h Ab( 9a+r as-,iddiG1 'a$ Allah
be pleased wi%h hi'1 in 622AC. The 'on%hs of %he :sla'i& &alendar
areE
1 - *(harra' 2 - ,afar
3 - 3abi'i al-Awal. 6 - 3abi'i al-A+hira.
5 - 8('ada al-Awal. 6 - 8('ada al-A+hira.
7 - 3a<ab - - ,ha'ban.
! - 3a'adan 1 - ,hawal
11- "h(l .i'da. 12 - "h(l Hi<<ah
The Hijri Calendar
>g ,n
637 The Hi<ri Calendar E 637 The rei/n of Caliph 0)'ar bin Al-5ha%%ab
wi%nesses %he be/innin/ of da%in/ %he *(sli' era fro' %he firs% da$ of
%he l(nar $ear in whi&h %he Hi<rah %oo+ pla&e (16 A.H.#
Hira >
A fa'o(s &a4e in %he 8abal an-@(r in *a++ah where *(ha''ad1 'a$
Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e1 firs% re&ei4ed %he "i4ine *essa/e
%hro(/h %he Hol$ ,piri%1 %he An/el 8ibreel (Aabriel#1 pea&e be on hi'.
Hib Part _....>
2ar%$. Allah Ta'ala di4ides all %he par%ies in%o %wo /ro(psE
"Hi7b Allah" (%he 2ar%$ of Allah# and "Hi7bal-,hai%an" (%he 2ar%$ of
,a%an#. :% is irrele4an% %o Allah how one labels one's par%$1 whe%her i%
be ""e'o&ra%i& 2ar%$"1 "Jabo(r 2ar%$"1"Co''(nis% 2ar%$" or wha%e4er.
All %ha% 'a%%ers is whe%her or no% i% follows %he pa%h of Allah Ta'ala.
Hisba a.
. Bffi&e of a&&o(n%in/ or p(bli& inspe&%ion. ,ee '(h%asib.
His%orian
g_
His%or$
g,_l
Hi%&h
n _
Hoard
- u>_
73
Hold
_n - Q.&V
Holies
n p
Holo&a(s%
s
Hol$
n
Hol$ &i%$
n ,
Ho'a/e
V
Ho'ilis%
1
Ho'il$
L - L
Hones%
&V _am -
Hones%$
_m - &V
Honor
.
Hono(rableness
&nV
Hooriah A female virgin ........,_>
A fe'ale 4ir/in &rea%ed b$ Allah Ta'ala1 b(% no% a des&endan% of Ada'1
pea&e be on hi'. ,he is &rea%ed in 8annah (2aradise#and is %he perfe&%
&o'panion of 'an in %he A+hira (Hereaf%er#. Her bea(%$ is
ins(rpassable and (ni'a/inable. ,he has in%ensel$ bla&+ irises and
%he whi%es of her e$es are p(re whi%e. Also spelled as Ho(riah. 2l(ralE
Hoori$a%.
Horror

Horse

Horse'anship

Hospi%ali%$
sm ,m pSV
Hos%el

Hos%ile
a&
Houd, eace be uon him p9. a a
A prophe% sen% %o %he Tribe of 'Ad. ,ee *(rsaleen. ,ee 'Ad. ,(rah 11 of
%he Hol$ .(r' an.
76
Hubal
_.....
H(bal E An idol worshipped in *e&&a in %he 2re-:sla'i& period
Hudaibia (Al) ,
A fa'o(s plain %en 'iles fro' *a++ah on %he wa$ %o 8eddah. ,i%e of
%he pea&e pa&% be%ween %he *(sli's and %he pa/an .(raish in %he
$ear 6AH. This %rea%$ pa4ed %he wa$ for %he spread of :sla'. ,(ra% al-
;a%h (,(rah 6- of %he Hol$ .(r'an# &''e'ora%es %his 4i&%orio(s e4en%.
Allah Ta'ala &alled i% ";a%han *(beena" (a *anifes% Fi&%or$#. ,ee Hol$
.(r'an1 A:-;a%h (6-#E1-6.
H(/e
- m _g
Hujjaj Pilgrims ....>>
2il/ri's. 2ersons who ha4e been on pil/ri'a/e %o *a++ah d(rin/ %he
Ha<< season in %he 'on%h of "h(l Hi<<ah. ,in/(larE Ha< N a 'ale pil/ri'1
Ha<ah N a fe'ale pil/ri'.
Hujurat (Al) The Aartments <....>
"The Apar%'en%s". ,(rah 6! of %he Hol$ .(r'an.
H('an
.V - .V
H('anis'
.V
Humaa (Al) The candalmonger u_g
p

"The ,&andal'on/er". ,(rah 16 of %he Hol$ .(r'n.

H('ili%$
Hunain >
Falle$ on %he road fro' *a++ah %o Taif. ,i%e of a fa'o(s ba%%le %ha%
%oo+ pla&e i''edia%el$ af%er %he &onG(es% of *a++ah in -AH1 be%ween
%he *(sli' ar'$ &onsis%in/ of abo(% 11-21 'en and %he
&o'bined for&es of %he Hawa7in and ThaGeef whi&h a'o(n%ed %o
61 'en. Af%er a s(rprise a%%a&+ and a near defea%1 %he *(sli's
'ana/ed %o &o'ple%el$ &r(sh %he ene'$. ,ee Hol$ .(r' an1 A%-Ta(bah
( !#E26-25.
H(n/riness
g> .
H(r%
aV
Hutama
75
The se4en%h and deepes% le4el of %he @ar (Hellfire#. This is where %he
reli/io(s h$po&ri%es will spend e%erni%$. The wors% of Allah's &rea%ion
are %he *(nafiGeen (h$po&ri%es#1 whe%her %he$ be 'an+ind or 8inn1
be&a(se %he$ 'a&&ep%' Allah and His *essen/er wi%h %heir %on/(es1 b(%
den$ %his 'a&&ep%an&e' b$ %heir a&%ions. ,ee 8ahana'.
H$po&ri%es
ns
76
l
lblis .
The 8inn who disobe$ed Allah Ta'ala and was eIpelled fro' His 'er&$.
:% was :blis who %e'p%ed Ada' and his wife Hawwa (H4e#1 pea&e be on
%he'1 %o approa&h %he forbidden %ree. He is also +nown as ,hai%an
(,a%an#. ,ee ,hai%an . ,ee Hol$ .(r' an1 Al-9aGara (2#E3-3!.
lbrahim, eace be uon him a .
p9.
"Abraha'". He was a 'essen/er1 as well as one of %he /rea%es%
prophe%s of :sla'. He was %he fa%her of %wo o%her /rea% prophe%s1
:s'ail and :shaG (:sh'ael and :saa& respe&%i4el$#. All %he prophe%s who
&a'e af%er hi' were des&ended fro' hi'1 pea&e be on %he'. ,ee
*(rsaleen . ,ee Hol$ .(r' an1 Al-9aGara (2#E131 135. ,(rah 1! of %he
Hol$ .(r'an.
:&ono&las'
. <n,V - n, 9
pmV .
:dealis'
.
:dol
m .
ldols
ml
:dols. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 Al-9aGara (2#E21!
ldol-worshi ua pmV
:dola%r$
:dola%r$ was widespread in %he Arabian 2enins(la1 in&l(din/ *e&&a1 in
%he 2re-:sla'i& era
ldris, eace be uon him ,_a
Hno&h. A prophe% of :sla' and a 'an of %r(%h and wisdo'. ,ee Hol$
.(r'an1 *ar$a' (1!#E56-571 Al-Anbi$a (21#E-5. ,ee *(rsaleen
lfrad (Hajj al) ingle Hajj a.....s
",in/le Ha<<". 2erfor'in/ Ha<< wi%ho(% doin/ )'ra. ,ee
Ha<<
:/nora'(s
g>
:/noran%l$
g 9

g
lhram p.........>
1.
The s%a%e in whi&h one is prohibi%ed fro' doin/ &er%ain %hin/s
whi&h are lawf(l a% o%her %i'es. )'ra and Ha<< are perfor'ed
in s(&h a s%a%e.
77
2.
Chen one ass('es s(&h a s%a%e one '(s% s%a%e 'en%all$ and
orall$ %ha% he or she is ass('in/ s(&h a s%a%e for %he p(rpose
of )'ra or Ha<<. Then one '(s% re&i%e %he Talbi$a. ,ee Talbi$a
3. "ressE
o *en. :% &onsis%s of %wo pie&es of (ns%i%&hed &lo%hE
(i# 3ida - worn aro(nd %he (pper par% of %he bod$.
(ii#:7ar - worn below %he wais%.
o Co'en. An$ f(ll len/%h dress whi&h &o4ers %he en%ire
bod$ eI&ep% for %he hands and fa&e1 and is
in&onspi&(o(s1 i.e. i% does no% a%%ra&% a%%en%ion in an$
wa$ wha%soe4er (%i/h%1 &olo(rf(l1 e%&.#.
6. 9eha4io(rE 9o%h 'en and wo'en are no% per'i%%ed %o %ri'
%heir hair or nails1 wear perf('e1 har' or +ill an$ li4in/ %hin/1
in&l(din/ inse&%s1 or da'a/e an$ plan% or %ree. The$ sho(ld
a4oid ar/('en% and loss of %e'per. ,eI(al in%er&o(rse
be%ween spo(ses is also no% per'i%%ed.
lhsan .>
Hi/hes% le4el of obedien&e in worship1 i.e. %o be aware of and sin&ere
%o Allah Ta'ala and %o be ea/er %o do all /ood deeds. :% is %o worship
Allah as if $o( see Hi'1 +nowin/ %ha%1 al%ho(/h $o( do no% see Hi'1
Allah sees $o(.
ljmaa: Consensus of oinion g...|
Consens(s of opinion. )s(all$ defined as %he (nani'o(s a/ree'en% of
%he '(<%ahidoon of an$ period followin/ %he de'ise of %he 2rophe%
*(ha''ad on an$ 'a%%er. As s(&h1 i% is des&ribed as &olle&%i4e
i<%ihaad.
ljtihaad: a......g
Ji%erall$1 s%ri4in/ and self-eIer%ionK independen% reasonin/K anal$%i&al
%ho(/h%. :<%ihaad 'a$ in4ol4e %he in%erpre%a%ion of %he so(r&e
'a%erials1 inferen&e of r(les fro' %he'1 or /i4in/ a le/al 4erdi&% or
de&ision on an$ iss(e on whi&h %here is no spe&ifi& /(idan&e in %he
.(r'an and %he ,(nnah.
lhlas The Comlete Faith_9...>
1. "The Co'ple%e ;ai%h". ,(rah 112 of %he Hol$ .(r' an.
2. ,in&eri%$ of %he hear% in worship and p(ri%$ of in%en%ion. ;or an$
worship %o be a&&ep%ed b$ Allah i% '(s% be en%irel$ for His
sa+e1 and no% for o%her-%han-Hi'.
:lle/al
. 9
:lli&i%
p - _L
llas, eace be uon him a
p9.
7-
Hli<ah. A prophe% of :sla'. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 Al-An'a' (6#E-51 As-,affa%
(37#E123-132. ,ee *(rsaleen .
:'a'
p&V
:'are%
u_
:'i%a%ion
n uS -
:''a&(la%el$
u_g - - u
:''ani%$
,.
:''ares&ible
s ..
:''i/ra%ion
u>g
:''ola%ion
m ,n.
:''ola%or
m
:''oral

:''or%al
s
:'par%ial
,m _a
:'par%ialness
mV _
:'pe&&able
pm u_
:'pe&&abl$
m
:'penden&e
,g
:'peni%en&e
m
:'pera%or
_&V _
:'perio(sness
,aV ,>
:'per%(rababili%$
_s p.>V
:'pie%$
aV s_
:'pi/nora%ion
g g
:'pio(s
_,_
7!
:'plora%ion
gm _g.V
:'pos%(re
QsV _9m
:'pre&a%ion

:'pro4in/
. ,g
:'pro4e'en%
. ,g
:'p(re
<
lmsaa Q.&
,%ar% of %he fas%in/ %i'e. :'saa+ be/ins when %he firs% li/h% of dawn
be&o'es 4isible1 a% ;a<r when %he Adhan is &alled.
:nfallibili%$
__ & m
:nal%erable
..
:na%%en%ion
u g.
:na%%en%i4e
_s
:n&es%
p_ _
:n&has%i%$
_. _
:ndependen&e
_9nV
:ndependen%
_n.
:ndepra4a%e
n
:nde4o%e
_s
:nde4o%ion
_
:ndidia%ion
- .V
:ndi/en&e
n - s
:ndi/en%
p - n
:ndire&%ion
V
:ndis&iplinable
a
-
:ndo&ile
- a m
:ndo&ili%$
a - m
:nerran%
pm
:ne4i%able da$
s
:nfenda%ion
uS gsV - - -
_
-1
:nferen&e
1
:nferen&e. "ed(&in/ a so'ewha% hidden 'eanin/ fro' a /i4en %eI%.
The pro&ess of eI%ra&%in/ laws.
:nferior
g..
:nfidel
- sS
:nfideli%$
S - aV - s_
:nfidels
sS
:nfl(en%ial
. - 1.
:nfor'a%ion
l
:n/en(o(sness
_m - &g.
:n/ra%i%(de
_n
:n/(il%$

:nheren%l$
- u n.
:nheri%an&e
._ -
:nhibi%ion
,S - ,
:nni%en&$
. - aV
:nno&en&e
u - >.
inno4a%ion
a....
The %er' bid'ah lin/(is%i&all$ 'eans 'inno4a%ion'. :% is an$ sa$in/ or
a&%ion whi&h has been falsel$ a%%rib(%ed %o %he *essen/er *(ha''ad
(saw# and his Co'panions (ra#. 9id'ah is one of %he ne/a%ions of :sla'1
and %hose who +nowin/l$ inno4a%e an$ 'a%%er in %he "een will be
pre4en%ed fro' ha4in/ in%er&ession fro' %he *essen/er of Allah
(saw#. Those who re/(larl$ &o''i% bid'ah are +nown as Ahl (l-9id'ah
(%he people of bid'ah#1 and %his %er' &an be applied %o 'an$ de4ian%
se&%s nowada$s1 s(&h as %he ,(fis.
:np(%
p .rp
:nsha
Allah lf Allah wills a .
-2
":f Allah wills". :% is forbidden %o sa$ ": will do s(&h and s(&h
%o'orrow1" wi%ho(% sa$in/ af%erwards1 ":nsha Allah".
lnshia (Al) Rending Asunder _n.V
"3endin/ As(nder". ,(rah -6 of %he Hol$ .(r'an.
lnshirah (Al) The anding g.V
"The HIpandin/". ,(rah !6 of %he Hol$ .(r'an.
:nsi/h%
_mV -
:nspira%ion
> - pgV
:ns%in&%
u_,
:ns%i%(%ion
l .V -
:ns(b'ission
- m _
:ns(r/en&e
m - a
:ns(rre&%ions
<_.
:n%en%
- mn
:n%en%ion @i$$ah
a
:n%erdi&%
,
:n%erne&ion
Qg - _sV
:n%erpre%a%ion
Taweel
. - gm,V -
_,l
:n%erpre%a%ion. Hspe&iall$ in%erpre%a%ion of %he Hol$ .(r'an
:n%rea%
gm, - _,
:n%repidi%$
_ - .
:n4asion
_r
:n4ei/le'en%
_m
:n4es%i/a%ion
- < >V -
:n4isible
_. - >
:n4isible world

-3
:n4o&a%ion
- _g.V gm
lama a&sV
The &all whi&h anno(n&es %o %he &on/re/a%ion %ha% %he obli/a%or$
pra$er is <(s% abo(% %o be/in. The s%a%e'en%s are %he sa'e as %he
Adhan1 b(% in a shor%ened for'1 s(&h %ha% if a s%a%e'en% is repea%ed
fo(r %i'es d(rin/ %he Adhan1 %hen i% is repea%ed %wi&e d(rin/ %he
:Ga'a.
lamat as-salat u9m &s
2erfor'in/ %he ,ala% in a perfe&% 'anner. This is (nders%ood b$ 'os%
*(sli's as ha4in/ onl$ one 'eanin/1 b(% i% has %woE
1.
2erfor'in/ %he pra$er in eIa&%l$ %he sa'e 'anner as %he
2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e1
(sed %o pra$. see ,ahih 9(+hari1 Hadi%h 7371 booo+ 121 Fol.1.
2.
Hs%ablishin/ %he pra$er H4er$ person in a *(sli' so&ie%$ who is
se4en $ears old or 'ore '(s% pra$ - wo'en in %heir ho(ses
and 'en in %he *asa<id ('osG(es#. H4er$ head1 be he head of
%he fa'il$ or &hief of %he %own1 will be held responsible for %he
'issed ;ard pra$ers of %hose (nder hi'1 as well as his own.
lramp_
Capi%al &i%$ of %he an&ien% people of 'Ad in %he ?e'en. :% was fa'o(s
for i%s lof%$ pillars. ,o'e s&holars sa$ :ra' was a hero of %he people of
'Ad who b(il% a lof%$ s%a%(e of hi'. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 AJ-;a<r (-!#E6--.
:rresis%an&e
. - aV - gm
lsa, eace be uon him p9. a .
Bne of %he /rea%es% prophe%s and 'essen/ers of :sla'. He is also
+nown as :sa ibn *aria' (8es(s1 ,on of *ar$# and :sa al-*aseeh (8es(s
%he *essiah1 8es(s Chris%#. The 8ews and %he Chris%ians ha4e bo%h
blasphe'ed a/ains% %he 2rophe% :sa1 pea&e be on hi'. The 8ews re<e&%
hi' &o'ple%el$1 whils% %he Chris%ians ha4e ele4a%ed hi' %o %he le4el of
Allah and/or ,on of Allah. The &on&ep% of s(&h di4ini%$ is re<e&%ed in
%he 9ible b$ %he 2rophe% :sa hi'self(in pans of %he 9ible whi&h ha4e
no% $e% been al%ered#
1. A&&ordin/ %o 1 Ti'o%h$ 2E51 "There is Bne Aod1 and one
'edia%or be%ween Aod and 'en1 %he '*A@' Chris% 8es(s."
@o%i&e %he words" 'an" and "'edia%or". Are %he Chris%ians
%r$in/ %o sa$ %ha% Allah is %he 'edia%or and %ha% %he 9ible is
wron/L "o %he$ no% reali7e %ha% Allah is so s(pre'e in /lor$
%ha% He does no% 'edia%eL As+ %he Chris%ians how else %he$ &an
eIplain %his 4erse. Carn %he' %ha% Allah's wra%h will be on
%hose who +now-in/l$ hide or a4oid %he "i4ine Tr(%h.
2. A&&ordin/ %o *a%%hew 26E361 8es(s1 pea&e be on hi'1 has no
+nowled/e of %he %i'e of %he Ho(r. Are %he Chris%ian s%r$in/ %o
sa$ %ha% Allah la&+s +nowled/eL
3. A&&ordin/ %o *a%%hew 16E231 8es(s1 pea&e be on hi'1 wen% in%o
%he hills %o pra$. Are %he Chris%ians %r$in/ %o sa$ %ha% Allah
needs %o pra$1 and if so1 %hen %o who'L
4.
"9(% in 4ain do %he$ worship 'e1 %ea&hin/ for do&%rines
&o''and'en%s of 'en." *a%%hew 15E!. :sa hi'self &onfir'ed
%he prophe&$ of :saiah %ha% %he people wo(ld worship hi' in
4ain and belie4e in do&%rines 'ade b$ 'en. The %r(%h is %ha%
-6
8es(s1 pea&e be on hi'1 spo+e %he %r(%h1 b(% i% is %he Chris%ians
who1 in his na'e1 ha4e in4en%ed lies a/ains% hi'. Allah is Bne.
He did no% be/e% nor was He be/o%%en. ,ee *(rsaleen .
lsha .............
@i/h%. The fif%h and las% ;ard ,ala% (2ra$er#. :%s %i'e s%ar%s abo(% one
and a half ho(rs af%er s(nse%1 when %he redness has disappeared fro'
%he ni/h% s+$ and %he s%ars ha4e appeared1 and ends a li%le before
dawn.
lsha, eace be uon him a _
p9.
:saa&. A prophe% of :sla'. He was %he se&ond son of %he 2rophe%
:brahi' (Abraha'#1 pea&e be on hi'. He was %hir%een $ears $o(n/er
%han his bro%her1 %he 2rophe% :s'ael (:sh'ael#1 pea&e be on hi'. *ar$1
'o%her of 8es(s1 pea&e be on %he'1 was des&ended fro' :shaG. ,ee
Hol$ .(r' an1 Al-An'a' (6#E-61 As-,affa% (37#E112-113. ,ee *(rsaleen .
lslam p9.............V
Ji%erall$ 'eans "s(b'ission %o %he will of Allah". :% is for %his
reason %ha% Allah Hi'self na'es His life %ransa&%ion "al-:sla'"
and des&ribes all %he followers of %his wa$ of life1 in e4er$ a/e1
as "*(sli's".

The life %ransa&%ion of Allah has fi4e pillars1 all of whi&h '(s% be
s%ri&%l$ adhered %o in word1 deed and sin&ere belief. The fi4e
pillars of :sla' are as followsE
1. ,hahada%ain. 9earin/ wi%ness. All *(sli's '(s% belie4e
in and (%%er %he ,hahada%ain.
;irs% ,hahada E Ash-had( an la illaha illa l'lah. (:
bear wi%ness %ha% %here is no dei%$ wor%h$ of
worship eI&ep% Allah.#
,e&ond ,hahadaE Ash-had( anna *(ha''adar
3asool(llah. (: bear wi%ness %ha% *(ha''ad is
%he *essen/er of Allah.#
2. ,ala%. 2ra$ers. To do all %he fi4e &o'p(lsor$ dail$
pra$ers re/(larl$ in %he eIa&% 'anner as was pra&%ised
b$ %he Hol$ 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi'
and /ran% hi' pea&e.
3. ,eeaa'. ;as%in/. Also spelled as ,a('. To fas% in %he
'on%h of 3a'adan.
6. Da+a%. Ceal%h %aI. To pa$ 2.5P of one's $earl$ sa4in/s
abo4e a &er%ain a'o(n% %o %he poor and need$ *(sli's.
The Da+a% is &o'p(lsor$ on all *(sli's who ha4e sa4ed
(a% leas%# %he eG(i4alen% of -5/ of 26 &ara% /old a% %he
%i'e when %he ann(al Da+a% pa$'en% is d(e. Da+a% is
also d(e on o%her %hin/s s(&h as sil4er1 ani'als1 &rops1
e%&. ;or a f(ll eIplana%ion on Da+a% refer %o %he rele4an%
boo+s wri%%en on %he s(b<e&%.
5. Ha<<. 2il/ri'a/e. To perfor' %he pil/ri'a/e %o %he Hol$
Ci%$ of *a++ah a% leas% on&e in one's life%i'e (if one is
able %o afford i%#. ,ee Hol$ .(r' an1Al-*aida (5#E3.
:sla'i& reli/io(s law !" #$%&
lsmael, eace be uon him a _
p9.
:sh'ael. A prophe% of :sla'. The firs% son of %he 2rophe% :brahi'
(Abraha'#1 pea&e be on hi'1 %hir%een $ears older %han his bro%her1 %he
-5
2rophe% :shaG (:saa&#1 pea&e be on hi'. :% was %hro(/h %he linea/e of
:s'ael %ha% %he 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran%
hi' pea&e1 was born. He helped his fa%her :brahi' %o raise %he
fo(nda%ions of %he Hol$ 5a'ba1 %he holies% *as<id ('osG(e# in :sla'.
,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 Al-9aGara (2#E125-12!1 *ar$a' (1!#E56-55. ,ee
*(rsaleen .
lsnaad ap
Chain of narra%ors of a hadee%h.
lsra (Al) ............V
"The @i/h% 8o(rne$". Ano%her na'e for 9ani :srael. ,(rah 17 of %he
Hol$ .(r'an.
:sola%e __&
:sola%ion _
:7ar
__V
A &lo%h worn (b$ 'en# below %he wais%.

8ab
u_>
abriah
a,>
8abri$ah E A se&% whi&h denies 'an's freedo' of &hoi&e and belie4es
%ha% all his a&%ions are prede%er'ined
8a&+
p9. a

,
8a&ob
n, p9. a
ahanam g
*os% &o''onl$ (nders%ood %o 'ean Hell. :n fa&%1 i% is one of %he le4els
of Hell. There are se4en le4els of HellfireE
1. 8ahee' - %he shallowes% le4el of Hell. :% is reser4ed for %hose
who belie4ed in Allah and His *essen/er1 'a$ Allah bless hi'
and /ran% hi' pea&e1 b(% who i/nored His &o''ands.
2. 8ahana' - a deeper le4el where %he idol-worshippers are %o be
sen% on %he "a$ of 8(d/e'en%.
3. ,a'ir - is reser4ed for %he worshippers of fire.
6. ,aGar - %his is where %hose who did no% belie4e in Allah will be
sen% on %he "a$ of 8(d/e'en%.
5. Jadha - will be %he ho'e of %he 8ews.
6. Hawi$ah - will be %he abode of %he Chris%ians.
7. H(%a'a - %he deepes% le4el of Hellfire. This is where %he
reli/io(s h$po&ri%es will spend e%erni%$. The wors% of Allah's
&rea%ion are %he *(nafiGeen (H$po&ri%es#1 whe%her %he$ be
'an+ind or 8inn1 for %he$ o(%wardl$ appear %o a&&ep%1 b(%
inwardl$ re<e&%1 Allah and His *essen/er.
-6
aheem >
The shallowes% le4el of %he @ar. :% is reser4ed for %hose who belie4ed in
Allah and His *essen/er *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran%
hi' pea&e1 b(% who i/nored His &o''ands. ,ee 8ahana'.
ahliah lgnorance
The Pre-lslamic ra

:/noran&e. This in4ol4es rel$in/ on wha% is o%her %han %he %r(%h. This is
wh$ %he a/e prior %o %he ad4en% of *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi'
and /ran% hi' pea&e1 is &alled 8ahili$ah. *an$ people belie4ed1 for
eIa'ple1 in Allah1 b(% %ried %o a%%ain His pleas(re %hro(/h worshippin/
ano%her 'edi(' s(&h as a s%one1 fire1 'an1 wood1 ani'al1 e%&.1 ra%her
%han followin/ His /(idan&e whi&h had been re4ealed %o %he earlier
'essen/ers. The a/e of 8ahili$ah 'ended' when %he ;inal 3e4ela%ion1
%he Hol$ .(r'an1 was re4ealed %o 'an+ind and %he 8inn. Howe4er1 i%
s%ill eIis%s where4er %his Jas% *essa/e fro' Aod has no% rea&hed. An$
de4ia%ion fro' %he Tr(e 2a%h is no lon/er &onsidered as 8ahili$ah1 b(%
as 5(fr1 for %he %r(%h has been dis%in/(ished fro' falsehood.
amra u
Chi%e ho% &oal. The %er' (sed %o des&ribe %he %hree pillars b(il% of
s%one a% *ina. 2l(ralE 8i'ar.
amrat al 'aaba an u
Bne of %he %hree s%one pillars a% *ina. Bne of %he ri%es of Ha<< is %o
%hrow pebbles a% %hese s%one pillars1 whi&h represen% ,hai%an (,a%an#.
2l(ralE 8i'ar.
annah Paradise a
Also spelled as 8anna. 2aradise. A &rea%ed abode in %he Hereaf%er for
%hose who belie4e in %he )ni%$ of Allah and in all His 2rophe%s and
*essen/ers1 and who follow %heir wa$ of life. ,ee *(rsaleen. 8annah
has ei/h% /a%es aro(nd i% and ea&h of %hese ei/h% /a%es has ele4en
doors. The na'es of %he ei/h% /a%es areE
1. 9ab al-:'an.
2. 9ab al-8ihad.
3. 9ab al-5adhe'ean al-Aaidh.
6. 9ab ar-3ai$an.
5. 9ab ar-3adi$een.
6. 9ab as-,adaGa.
7. 9ab a%-Ta(bah.
-. 9ab as-,ala%.
8annah has no% been /(aran%eed %o an$ h('an bein/ or 8inn (wi%h %he
eI&ep%ion of %he 'essen/ers of Allah# before %heir dea%hs1 o%her %han
%he followin/ %en 'enE
-7
1. Ab( 9a+r as-,iddiG.
2. )'ar ibn al-5ha%%ab.
3. )%h'an ibn 'Affan.
6. Ali ibn Abi Talib.
5. ,a'ad ibn Abi CaGas.
6. Ab( )baida 'A'er ibn al-8arrah.
7. Al-D(bair ibn al-'Awa'.
-. Talha ibn )baid('llah.
!. Abdar-3ah'an ibn 'A(f.
1. ,a'is ibn Daid.
*a$ Allah be pleased wi%h all of %he'.
athiah (Al) The Crouchinga.>
"The Cro(&hin/". ,(rah 65 of %he Hol$ .(r' an.
8ehad
ag>
The ews of edina
, ag,
The 8ews of *edina E )pon arri4in/ a% *edina1 %he *essen/er of Allah
'ade a &o4enan% wi%h %he 8ews. The$ were &onferred liber%$ %o
pra&%i&e %heir reli/ion and %heir %i%le %o %heir weal%h.
ibreel, eace be uon him a _,
p9.
The An/el Aabriel. Also &alled 3ooh al-.(d(s1 "The Hol$ ,piri%". His
d(%$ was %o re4eal %he Cord of Allah Ta'ala %o His Anbiaa (2rophe%s#.
He is now sen% %o help %he 4er$ reli/io(s a/ains% %he %e'p%a%ions of
,hai%an (,a%an# a% %he %i'e of dea%h. His epi%he% is 3ooh(l A'in (The
,piri% of Tr(%h# (Ash-,h('ara (26#E1!3#. The A:-A'in is *(ha''ad1
'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 Al-9aGara
(2#E!7-!-1 A%-Ta+wir (-1#E1!-21. ,ee *(rsaleen
inn (Al) >
"The 8inn". A ra&e of &rea%ed bein/s %ha% are 'ade o(% of s'o+eless
fire. The$ are li+e %he :ns (h('an ra&e# in 'an$ wa$sE
1. The$ are born1 ha4e &hildren and die. The$ also ha4e friends
and fa'il$.
2. There are *(sli's and 5(ffar a'on/s% %he'.
3.
The$ ea% food1 b(% %heir food &onsis%s 'ainl$ of bones and
s%ool.
The$ differ fro' (s in 'an$ wa$s %ooE
1. Their lifespan is '(&h lon/er %han o(rs.
2. The$ &an see (s and so'e%i'es are able %o dwell wi%hin (s.
3. The$ need no for' of %ranspor%.
4.
The$ need no ho(sin/. The *(sli's a'on/s% %he' li+e %o li4e
in %he *asa<id and pra$1 b(% %he (nbelie4ers %end %o li4e in %he
ba%hroo's of non-reli/io(s :ns (h('an bein/s#. The bes% wa$
%o 'a+e s(re %ha% %he$ do no% in%er'iI wi%h (s (i.e. en%er o(r
bodies or ho(ses or ea% food wi%h (s# is %o re'e'ber Allah
--
&ons%an%l$ and %o read %he Hol$ .(r'an as '(&h as possible.
,(rah 72 of %he Hol$ .(r'an.
iata a..............,_>
A %aI i'posed on non-*(sli's who are (nder *(sli' r(le.
8ob
p9. a ,
8oseph
p9. a ,,
8(dais'
,ag
8(d/e
mn
8(d/eship
mn
8(d/'en%
mn S
udie a>
2la&e where %he Ar+ of %he 2rophe% @ooh (@oah#1 pea&e be on hi'1
&a'e %o res%. 8abal (*o(n%# 8(di$e is in %he T(r+ish dis%ri&% of 9o%han1
whi&h is si%(a%ed near %he fron%iers of T(r+e$1 ,$ria and :raG. ,ee Hol$
.(r'an1 Ho(d (^8#E66.
unub
8(n(b - a person ha4in/ 8anaba - 'eans %o be in a s%a%e of
&ere'onial i'p(ri%$ or defile'en%. A 'ale be&o'es <(n(b on
ha4in/ seI(al in%er&o(rse or si'pl$ on %he e'ission of se'en in sleep
or o%herwise. A fe'ale also be&o'es <(n(b as a res(l% of seI(al
in%er&o(rse as well as when she is 'ens%r(a%in/ or ha4in/ pos%na%al
bleedin/. These are %he /eneral &a(ses of <anaba1 whi&h is also
referred %o in %he boo+s of <(rispr(den&e as hada%h a+bar. A f(ll ba%h is
reG(ired for a <(n(b %o re&ei4e p(rifi&a%ion or %ahara1 wi%ho(% whi&h a
'an or wo'an is no% allowed %o %o(&h or read %he .(r'an1 en%er %he
'osG(e or offer %he pra$ers. :n %he absen&e of wa%er1 howe4er1 one is
allowed %o resor% %o %a$a''('. Ta$a''(' s(bs%i%(%es for bo%h a f(ll
ba%h (/h(sl# and abl(%ion (w(d(#.
8(ris%
- an g.
8(s%i&e
_ - 1.n

a'aba aS
The &(be-shaped s%one b(ildin/ whose fo(nda%ions were b(il% b$ %he
an/els and &o'ple%ed b$ 2rophe% :brahi' (Abraha'# and his son1 %he
2rophe% :s'ael1 pea&e be on %he'1 in *a++ah. :% was reb(il% wi%h %he
help of %he 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi'
-!
pea&e. :% is %he fo&al poin% %owards whi&h all *(sli's fa&e when
pra$in/.
5abin
_
5adi
mn
afirnbeliever ........sS
)nbelie4er. ,o'eone who &o4ers (p %he %r(%h and re<e&%s Allah and
His 'essen/ers1 'a$ Allah bless %he' and /ran% %he' pea&e. There
are 'an$ differen% wa$s in whi&h a person be&o'es a disbelie4er in
Allah. ;or f(ll eIplana%ion see 5(fr. 2l(ralE 5(ffar.
)nbelie4er. ,o'eone who &o4ers (p %he %r(%h and re<e&%s Allah and
His 'essen/ers1 'a$ Allah bless %he' and /ran% %he' pea&e. There
are 'an$ differen% wa$s in whi&h a person be&o'es a disbelie4er in
Allah. ;or f(ll eIplana%ion see 5(fr. 2l(ralE 5(ffar.
5afila
sn
5aid
n
5ain
_.s
5aiser
mn _
5a(ser
.S
awthar (Al) The fount of awthar .S
1.
"The fo(n% of 5aw%har". A sa&red fo(n% in 8annah (paradise#. :%
is %he so(r&e of all %he fo(r ri4ers of 2aradise1 and feeds %he
Hawd of %he 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and
/ran% hi' pea&e. ,(rah 1- of %he Hol$ .(r'an.
2. The Hawd whi&h is filled b$ Al-5aw%har is a% %he end of %he
,ira%(l *(s%aGee'. :% is a /if% fro' Allah %o %he Hol$ 2rophe%1
'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e. :% is %o G(en&h %he
%hirs% of %he %r(e belie4ers.
5ebla%
n
5en
- s Q_aV
hadija ma Allah be leased with her m_ a>,>
g a
;irs% wife of %he Hol$ 2rophe%1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi'
pea&e1 and one of %he fo(r /rea%es% fe'ales &rea%ed1 %he o%her %hree
bein/K
1.
*aria' (*ar$#1 *o%her of %he 2rophe% isa (8es(s#1 pea&e be on
%he'.
!
2. Asi$a1 %he wife of ;ir'a(n (2haraoh#.
3. ;a%i'a1 da(/h%er of *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless %he' and
/ran% %he' pea&e.
haibar >
A fa'o(s %own nor%h of *adinah. :% was %he pla&e where a /rea% ba%%le
%oo+ pla&e be%ween %he *(sli's and %he 8ews in 1BAH. The *(sli'
4i&%or$ a% 5haibar des%ro$ed 8ewish infl(en&e in %he Arabian penins(lar
for 'an$ &en%(ries1 (n%il %he in%rod(&%ion of %he 'odern 8ewish
ban+in/ s$s%e' %hro(/ho(% %he world. ,ee Hol$ .(r' an1 Al-A h7ab
(33#E27.
haleel _>
Hi/hes% for' of friendshp. The lo4e %ha% is 'iIed wi%h one's own so(l.
The 2rophe% *(ha''ad and %he 2rophe% :brahi'1 'a$ Allah bless
%he' and /ran% %he' pea&e1 were '5haleel('llah'1 %he in%i'a%e friends
of Allah. The$ lo4ed people for Allah1 b(% %heir /rea%es% lo4e was onl$
Allah ,(bhana wa Ta'ala Hi'self.
halideen ,..>
To abide for e4er. The /ood will abide in %he 8annab (2aradise# and %he
e4il will abide in %he @ar (Hellfire# fore4er. "5halideena feeha abada".
(The$ will abide in %here for e4er.# The word "Aba da" also 'eans "for
e4er". Allah Ta'ala (ses "Abada" %o e'phasi7e "for e4er"1 re'indin/ (s
%ha% e%erni%$ is endless.
halifa >
"eri4es fro' %he word 5halafa1
?a+hl(f( N &o'e af%er.
5h(lafa N %he ones who s(&&eed o%hers1 in %he sense of s%andin/ in as
a represen%a%i4e for so'eone else.
Th(s 5halifa N 4i&ere/en%1 %he represen%a%i4e of Allah. 5halifa has %wo
'ain 'eanin/sE
1. AeneralE :% refers %o 'an+ind1 par%i&(larl$ %he belie4ers. ,ee
Hol$ .(r'an1 Al-9aGara (2#E3. H4er$ *(sli' is a 5halifa and
sho(ld &arr$ %he banner of :sla' hi/h and s%ri4e %o es%ablish
%he "een of :sla' (n%il Allah's Cord is (pper'os% on %he ear%h.#
2. ,pe&ifi&E A *(sli' r(ler. There were fo(r Al-5h(lafaa ar-
3ashideen1 "%he ri/h%l$-/(ided 5h(lafaa"E
o
Ab(9a+ras-,iddiG- 11-13AH.
o )'ar ibn al-5ha%%ab - 13-23AH.
o )%h'an ibn 'Affan - 26-36AH.
o Ah ibn Abi Talib- 36-6BAH.
*a$ Allah be pleased wi%h %he'. 2l(ralE 5h(lafaa.
handa (Al) The itch_
"The "i%&h". A fa'o(s ba%%le be%ween %he earl$ *(sli's and %he
pa/ans in whi&h %he *(sli's b(il% a 5handaG (%ren&h# on %he
(npro%e&%ed side of %he &i%$ of Al-*adinah al-*(nawarah %o pre4en%
%he ad4an&e of %he *a++an (nbelie4ers in 5AH. The ene'$ were
!1
hal%ed b$ %his (neIpe&%ed %a&%i&1 and %hen dri4en awa$ b$ awf(l
wea%her1 '(%(al dis%r(s% and low 'orale1 wi%ho(% an$ 'a<or
en/a/e'en% ha4in/ %a+en pla&e. :% was also &alled Aha7wa%(l-Ah7ab
(9a%%le of %he Clans#1 be&a(se %he *a++an idol-worshippers were
assis%ed b$ %he 8ewish Tribes of9an( @adhir1 9an( Cha%fan and 9an(
Asad. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 An-@(r (26#E551 Al-Ah7ab (33#E!-2.
haraj ....
TaI i'posed on %he re4en(e fro' land %a+en fro' non-'(sli's %o
ens(re %heir eG(al ri/h%s (nder :sla'i& law.
hatib orator >
ora%or1 spea+er.
hawarij _
The people who dissen%ed fro' :sla' and &rea%ed a false belief whi&h
was no% par% of %he Hol$.(r'an or %he %ea&hin/s of %he Hol$ 2rophe%
*(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e. ,in/(larE
5hari<.
haen _>
. ;inan&e 'ana/er.
himar veil _>
A %$pe of Hi<ab (4eil# whi&h &o4ers %he fa&e1 b(% lea4es %he e$es
eIposed1 as opposed %o %he @iGab1 whi&h &o4ers %he en%ire fa&e1
in&l(din/ %he e$es.
hitan : .......>
%he ri%(al &ir&('&ision of e4er$ *(sli' 'ale &hild.
hosoof Lunar eclise ...
J(nar e&lipse. There is a spe&ial H&lipse ,ala% (pra$er# whi&h las%s as
lon/ as %he e&lipse i%self.
5iblah
n
5ind
. ,S
5indhear%eredness
n. s
5indless
1 n
5indl$
,
5in/
Q
5in/do'
Q
5inship
.s
5is'e%
.n - m
itab S
!2
9oo+. There are %hree %$pes of 5(%(b (boo+s#E
1. The 9oo+ of re&ords or deeds. Bn %he "a$ of<(d/e'en%1
e4er$one fro' bo%h 'an and 8inn will re&ei4e %heir boo+1 in
%heir ri/h% or lef% hand1 a&&ordin/ %o %he preponderan&e of %heir
/ood or bad deeds and %h(s will ei%her en%er 2aradise or be
&as% in%o Hellfire. ,ee Hol$ .(r' an1 Al-.a'ar (56#E52-53.
2.
A:-5i%ab1 The 9oo+ (or 3e4ela%ion#. 3efers espe&iall$ %o %he Hol$
.(r'an1 b(% also refers %o %he ori/inal re4ela%ions re4ealed %o
%he earlier 'essenp/ers of Allah1 'a$ %he blessin/s and pea&e
of Allah be on %he'. ,ee .(r'an.
3. Brdinar$ boo+s. i.e. boo+s wri%%en b$ people1 all of whi&h are
s(b<e&% of h('an error and &anno% be &o'pared %o %he .(r'an.
The .(r'an is %he (n&rea%ed word of Allah Ta'ala.
5neel
a>.
5neelin/
gS_ .>
5ni/h%
_ - _
5nowin/
_
5nowled/e
s
5oran
,S ln
ufee sS
A s%$le of an/(lar wri%in/ of%en (sed for earl$ hand-wri%%en &opies of
%he Hol$ .(r'an.
ufr ....S
"isbelief in Allah's Co''ands1 in&l(din/ %he ref(sal %o a&&ep%
wha%e4er %he 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi'
pea&e1 %a(/h%. There are %wo le4els of 5(frE
1. 5(fr al-A+bar ('a<or disbelief#
. *a<or 5(fr is s(bdi4ided in%o fi4e &a%e/onesK
o 5(fr al-Ta+%heebE "en$in/ %he di4ine %r(%h.
o 5(fr Abaa wa ,%a+bara 'a'al-TasdeeGE3ef(sin/ %o bow
%o Allah d(e %o pride1 e4en %ho(/h a&+nowled/in/ %he
di4ine %r(%h.
o
5(fr ash-,ha++ wa "hannE "o(b%in/ an$ or all of %he siI
ar%i&les of fai%h (see 'AGaaid#1 e4en if no% &o'ple%el$
den$in/ %he'.
o 5(fr a:-:raadE 5nowin/l$ %(rnin/ awa$ fro' %he di4ine
%r(%h.
!3
o 5(fr al-@ifaGE "isbelief %hro(/h h$po&ris$.
2. 5(fr a:-As/har ('inor disbelief#
. 9ein/ (nappre&ia%i4e of wha% Allah Ta'ala has pro4ided.
una aS
A respe&%f(l and affe&%iona%e wa$ of &allin/ 2eople as "Ab(" or ")''"
(Ab( N fa%her of1 )'' N 'o%her of# followed b$ %he na'e of %he
eldes% sonK if %here is no 'ale offsprin/ %hen %he "Ab(" or")''" is
followed b$ %he na'e of %he eldes% da(/h%er. :% is prohibi%ed %o ha4e
%he sa'e 5(n$a as %he 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and
/ran% hi' pea&e1 e./. :% is no% per'i%%ed %o &all so'eone Ab( .asi'".
,ahih 9(+hari1 Hadi%h 251 Fol.-. ,ahih *(sli'1 5i%ab(l-A dab.
usuf olar eclise .S
,olar e&lipse. There is a spe&ial H&lipse ,ala% (pra$er# whi&h las%s as
lon/ as %he e&lipse i%self.
HocriteZindee _,_
H$po&ri%e or (nbelie4er. An$one who does no% belie4e in Allah and
who re<e&%s His *essen/ers1 'a$ Allah bless %he' and /ran% %he'
pea&e.
L
La ilaha illa'llah a V a V
There is no dei%$ eI&ep% Allah. This sen%en&e is &alled Al-5ali'a%(l
Ta$ibah.
Lailatul-adr' ight of Power' _n
The '@i/h% of 2ower'1 &on&ealed in one of %he odd ni/h%s in %he las% %en
da$s of 3a'adanK %he ni/h% on whi&h %he .(r'an was firs% re4ealed b$
8ibreel %o %he 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi'
pea&e1 and whi&h %he .(r'an i%self des&ribes as "be%%er %han a
%ho(sand 'on%hs" (Hol$ .(r' an1 Al-.adr (!7#E3#.
Jan&e
g& - .
Japida%e
,
Japida%ion

Japse
- _ u.
Jar/ess
- g
Jas% %he
>V
Jas% da$
>V p
!6
Jas%in/
- n p
Lateef (Al) ,
"Al-Ja%eef". The ,(b%le Bne Cho is All-2er4adin/. Bne of %he nine%$-
nine A%%rib(%es of Allah. The eIa&% 'eanin/ of %his word is 4er$
diffi&(l% %o f(ll$ (nders%and. :% in&l(des all of %he followin/ 'eanin/s
(and 'ore %ha% we are no% aware of#E
1. ,o fine %ha% He is i'per&ep%ible %o %he h('an si/h%.
2. ,o p(re %ha% He is (ni'a/inable %o %he h('an 'ind.
3. ,o +ind %ha% He is be$ond h('an &o'prehension.
6. ,o /ra&io(s %ha% He is be$ond h('an /rasp.
5. ,o near %ha% He is &loser %o (s %han o(r <(/(lar 4eins. ,ee Hol$
.(r'an1 Al-Ha<< (22#E631 Ash-,h(ra(62#E1!.
Ja(dable %he

Ja(dableness
- g - .
Jaw
g.
Ja$er
an
Jeadership
&_
Jea/(e
,
Jeal
s
Jeal%$
s - &V - _9>V
Je/a&$
<_V - <
Je/al
.
Je/end
u_l
Je/i%i'a%e
.
Je/i%i'is%s
. - gn
Jewdness
.>s
Jewdness. A 'a<or sin.
Jibera%ion
,
Jin+ m
Literall Taabioon .
!5
Ji%erall$1 followers. The /enera%ion of *(sli's i''edia%el$ af%er %he
Co'panions (.,ahaabah#.
Jo&al &(s%o' whi&h is 0re&o/ni7abl$' /ood. :n %he absen&e of an$%hin/
%o %he &on%rar$1 deri4a%ion of %he law fro' %he &o''on and appro4ed
'ores of a people.
Loot, Peace be uon him p9. a 1
Jo%. A prophe% of :sla'. @ephew of %he 2rophe% :brahi' (Abraha'#1
pea&e be on %he'. The 2rophe% Joo%'s wife was des%ro$ed1 alon/ wi%h
%he people who' he &alled %o worship Allah1 for %heir wi&+edness.
The$ were %he firs% people %o pra&%ise ho'oseI(ali%$ and lesbianis'.
,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 Ho(d (11#E-11 Ash-,h('ara (26#E 16-175.
Joss
u_. - V
Jo$al
&V - - _am
Jo$al%$
- &V _m
J('ino(s
_
Lunar calendar >g ) n ,n)
:n %heir reli/io(s d(%ies1 *(sli's depend on solar and l(nar &alendars.
The la%%er is shor%er %han %he solar b$ %wel4e da$s. ;as%in/ %he 'on%h
of 3a'adhan1 &elebra%in/ %he %wo 'a<or feas%s ('Hid Al-;i%r and 'Hid Al-
Adhha#1 perfor'in/ %he pil/ri'a/e %o *a++ah1 and o%her reli/io(s
a&%i4i%ies depend (pon %he l(nar 'on%hs. The na'es of %he l(nar
'on%hs areE *(harra'1 ,afar1 3abi' Al-Awwal1 3abi' Al-A+har1 8('adal
(lla1 8('ada Al-A+hirah1 3a<ab1 ,ha'ban1 3a'adhan1 ,hawwal1 D(l-
.a'adah1 and D(l-Hi<<ah. The %i'in/ of %he dail$ pra$ers depends on
%he solar s$s%e'.
!6
Luman .......n
"J(G'an". @a'e of a wise sa/e of an&ien% Arabia. ,o'e sa$ he was a
prophe%. He has %he %i%le of *('a''ar (%he lon/ li4ed one#. ,(rah 31
of %he Hol$ .(r'an.
J(re rV - rV - ,
J(I(rio(s . - _
J(I(r$
J(Iar$

a'arij (Al) .........

"The Ca$s of As&en%". ,(rah 7 of %he Hol$ .(r' an.
a'arif _........
A spiri%(al realisa%ion of Allah Ta'ala. Anosis. :% is %o dire&%l$ wi%ness
%he Ji/h% of %he @a'es and A%%rib(%es of Allah 'anifes%ed in %he hear%.
a'shar Assemblies ........
Asse'blies. Che%her %he$ be asse'blies of 'an+ind or of %he 8inn or
bo%h.
abrur _......&
A Ha<< %ha% is a&&ep%ed b$ Allah be&a(se of i%s perfe&%ion in bo%h
inward in%en%ion and o(%ward obser4an&e of %he %radi%ions of
3asool('llah1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e.
adhhab: wa of going
(pl(ralE 'adhaahib#. Ji%erall$1 wa$ of /oin/. ,&hool of %ho(/h%.
adan ,&
2eople of %he 2rophe% ,h('aib1 pea&e be on hi'. The$ were des%ro$ed
b$ an ear%hG(a+e for re<e&%in/ ,h('aib and %he warnin/s fro' Allah Ta'
ala he had bro(/h% wi%h hi'. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 Al-A'raf(7#E-5-!31 Ho(d
(1^#E-6-!5.
aghdoub Cursed ............m&
"C(rsed" b$ Allah Ta'ala. ,(rah Al-;ariha (1#E71 "...*a/hdo(bee
'alaihi'..." (%hose %ha% ha4e been &(rsed# refers %o %he 8ews. Allah Ta'
ala has &(rsed %he' for &on%in(all$ brea+in/ %heir &o4enan%s. ,ee Hol$
.(r' an1 Al-9aGara (2#E-3 - -61 !3111 Al-*a' idah (5#E13-161 73.
aghfirah Forgiveness u.......
;or/i4eness. :n %he Hol$ .(r'an Allah Ta'ala (ses %hree differen% words
%o 'ean "for/i4e"E
1. 'Afa. ;or/a4e1 in %he sense of obli%era%in/ %he 'e'or$ of
wrondoin/ fro' one's 'ind.
!7
2. ,afaha. ;or/a4e1 in %he sense of o4erloo+in/1 i/norin/ or
%(rnin/ awa$ fro' 'isdeeds.
3. *a/hflra. Co'es fro' one of %he nine%$-nine A%%rib(%es of Allah
Ta'ala1 "Al-Ahaf(r"1 whi&h 'eans %o for/i4e a/ain and a/ain.
aghreb unset ........
,(nse%. The fo(r%h &o'p(lsor$ ,ala% (2ra$er# of %he da$. :% &onsis%s of
%hree 3aG'as. :% &an be pra$ed a% an$ %i'e be%ween <(s% af%er s(nse%
and before %he s%ars appear in %he s+$.
*a/i&
*a/i&ian ->&>
*a/nani'i%$ _9>V pS - u
*a/nifi&en&e - g. _9
*a/nifi&en% - L g. - _
ahr ........g&
"owr$ /i4en b$ a h(sband %o his bride on 'arria/e.
*aiden aYbcd
anifest Zaahir ........L
*anifes%1 apparen%1 ob4io(s. A word or phrase is des&ribed as 7aahir
when i% has a &lear 'eanin/. :% 'a$ s%ill howe4er be open %o
in%erpre%a%ion.
aiser ambling.
Aa'blin/. Ji%erall$ 'eans /e%%in/ so'e%hin/ %oo easil$. *aiser has
been prohibi%ed b$ Allah Ta'ala in %he s%ron/es% %er's possible E
":<%anibo(" - "Jea4e i%O". :% is a hi/her le4el of prohibi%ion %han
forbiddin/ i% be&a(se i% is Hara'. Hararn N a dire&% prohibi%ion ordered
b$ Allah Ta'ala. :<%anibo( N a de/ree 'ore serio(s %han Ha ra'. :% is
no% onl$ Hara'1 b(% also a dire&% &o''and no% %o approa&h or be near
i% for an$ reason wha%soe4er. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 Al-9a Gara (2#E2 1!1 A/-
*a' idah (5#E!3.
ajeed The ost lorious ....
"Al-*a<eed". The *os% Alorio(s. Bne of %he nine%$-nine A%%rib(%es
ofAllah. ;or a f(ll lis% of %he As'a(l H(sna of Allah Ta'ala.
*a<es%$ _9 - &s
ajoos Fire worshiers ...>
;ire worshippers. These people li4ed 'ainl$ in 2ersia and %he Has%ern
Arabian 2enins(la in %he pre-:sla'i& period of i/noran&e. ,ee Hol$ .(r'
an1 Al-Haf% (22#E17.
*a<ori%$ rV
*a<or sins S
!-
ar ..............S
Has %wo 'eanin/sE
1. 2lo%%in/ or plannin/ wi%h e4il in%en%.
2.
2lannin/ for a /ood p(rposeE
"Ca *a+ar( wa *a+ara Allah wa'llah( 5hair(l *a+ereen"
(,(rah Aali ':'ran (3#E56#. "The$ planned and Allah planned
and Allah is %he bes% of planners".
*a+ar( N %he$ plo%%ed. *a+ara N He planned.
*a++ar N plo%%er.
*a+ereenN plo%%ers.
,ee Hol$ .(r' an1 Aali ':'ran (3#E56.
alaiah Angels a.....S9&
"An/els". Ano%her na'e for ,(ra%(l ;a%ir. ,(rah 35 of %he Hol$
.(r' an.

A ra&e of &rea%ed bein/s %ha% are 'ade o(% of li/h%. Their sole
p(rpose in &rea%ion is %o worship and /lorif$ Allah and %o
perfor' %heir d(%ies eIa&%l$ as des&ribed. The$ are in&apable
of disobedien&e. The$ do no% ea%1 or sleep1 or pro&rea%e. Their
eIa&% n('ber is (n+nown. A'on/s% %he well-+nown ones are
%he followin/E
1. The an/el 8ibreel (Aabriel# - %he an/el whose d(%$ is %o
&o''(ni&a%e be%ween Allah Ta'ala and %he prophe%s
and %o who'e4er Allah willsK e./. he was &o''anded %o
&o''(ni&a%e wi%h *aria' (*ar$1*o%her of %he 2rophe%
8es(s#1 8es(s and *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless %he' and
/ran% %he' pea&e.
2. The an/el *i+aeel (*i&hael# - %he an/el of pro4isions.
3. The an/el of "ea%h - %a+es %he so(ls of people when
%he$ die. *an$ *(sli's 'is%a+enl$ &all hi' lirael. The
na'e ": irael" is nei%her 'en%ioned in %he Hol$ 9oo+ of
Allah1 %he Hol$ .(r%an1 nor b$ *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah
bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e1 in an$ of %he Ahadee%h.
The na'e ":7rael" is 'en%ioned in %he Ta(ra% and
%herefore has been 'borrowed' fro' %he 8ews. 9eware of
s(&h inno4a%ions. Cop$in/ %he 8ews or an$ o%her
(nbelie4ers1 and %hen sa$in/ "This is fro' Allah"1 is 5(fn
6. The an/el :srafeel - %he an/el who will blow %he horn %o
brin/ %he (ni4erse %o i%s end.
5. The an/el 3idwan - +eeper of 8annah (2aradise#.
6. The an/el *aali+ - +eeper of @ar (Hellfire#.
7. The an/els *(n+ar and @a+eer - %he %wo an/els who are
assi/ned %o G(es%ion %he so(ls of %he dead in %heir
/ra4es abo(% %heir fa i%h.
2ea&e be on all of %he'. ,in/(larE *ala+.
*ali&e S& - <>
!!
*ali/ni%$ S - n>
The amlu tate (1250-1517 A)
a
Q
The *a'l(+ ,%a%e (125-1517 A.".# E The *a'l(+s were ori/inall$
T(r+ish1 Cir&assian and *on/ol sla4es re&r(i%ed b$ %he A$$(bids. The$
rose %o power in H/$p% and &ons%i%(%ed %he %wo r(lin/-&lassesE %he
@a4al *a'l(+s and %he *a'l(+s of %he Tower. The *a'l(+ ,(l%ans
eI%ended %heir infl(en&e o4er ,$ria and so'e par%s of Asia *inor. The$
&onfron%ed %he Cr(saders and *on/ols. Af%er %he fall of %heir s%a%e a%
%he hands of %he B%%o'ans1 %heir &hiefs represen%ed a so(r&e of
%ro(ble and dis%(rban&e (n%il *(ha''ad 0Ali eli'ina%ed %he' a% %he
*assa&re of %he Ci%adel (1-11 A.".# Al%ho(/h %heir era was fa'o(s for
i%s poli%i&al anar&h$1 %he$ lef% behind i'por%an% ar&hi%e&%(ral
'on('en%s in&l(din/ 'osG(es1 s&hools1 and hospi&es1 par%i&(larl$ in
Cairo.
anah
u&
*anah E An idol worshipped in *e&&a in %he 2re-:sla'i& period
anasi eneral sacrifice Q&
Aeneral sa&rifi&e in %he pa%h of Allah Ta'ala. All deeds and a&%ions
d(rin/ %he Ha<< are re/arded as *anasi+1 for %he$ are indeed re/arded
as sa&rifi&es in %he pa%h of Allah.
*anifes%l$ 9
*an+ind ,.
ansooh Abrogated g..........&
Abro/a%ed. The abro/a%ion of &er%ain &o''ands (s(all$ &a'e wi%h
in&reased belief or a &han/e in si%(a%ion. Bnl$ Allah Ta'ala has %he
power %o abro/a%e 4erses of %he Hol$ .(r'an. An eIa'ple of an
abro/a%ed s%a%e'en% isE "...wa in %oo bd( 'a fee anfoosee+(' aw %oo
+hfooh( $o(hasib+('bihi Allah..."(Al-9aGara (2#E2-6#1 "...whe%her $o(
show wha% is in $o(r 'ind or &on&eal i%1 Allah will &all $o( %o a&&o(n%
for i%...". Chen %he *(sli's heard %his A$ah %he$ wen% %o *(ha''ad1
'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e1 and saidE "B 3asool(llah1
we &an &on%rol o(rsel4es1 b(% how &an we &on%rol %he o(%b(rs%s in o(r
hear%sL" (i.e. s(dden %ho(/h%s %ha% ,hai%an p(%s wi%hin (s#. The
2rophe% *(ha''ad saidE ""o $o( in%end %o sa$1 ',a'e'na wa asaina'
(Ce hear and we disobe$#1 as did bo%h %he 2eople of %he 9oo+ (i.e. %he
8ews and %he Chris%ians#L ,a$1 ',a'e'na wa a%a'naO'." ,o %he$ said1
',a'e'na wa a%a'na (Ce hear and we obe$# . Bn hearin/ %heir repl$
Allah Ta'ala abro/a%ed %his 4erse1 b$ re4ealin/ %he 2-6%h 4erse of
,(rah al-9Gara. "Ja $o(+alif('llah( nafsan lila w(s'aha..."1 "Allah does
no% b(rden a so(l be$ond i%s s&ope...". The ai' of %he 2-6%h 4erse of
,(rah al-9aGara was %o %es% %he followers of *(ha''ad1 'a$ %he
blessin/s and pea&e of Allah be on hi' and %he'1 as %o whe%her or no%
1
%he$ wo(ld sa$ %he sa'e as %he 8ews and %he Chris%ians who (sed %o
sa$1 ",a'e 'na wa 'asaina" (Ce hear and we disobe$#
aam lbrahim The station of lbrahim pn&
.
The s%a%ion of :brahi'. The pla&e where %he 2rophe% :brahi'1 pea&e be
on hi'1 s%ood in pra$er1 and whi&h 'ar+s %he pla&e of pra$er followin/
Tawaf of %he 5a'aba. This pla&e %oda$ is 'ar+ed b$ a s%one in whi&h
%here are %wo lar/e s(n+en foo%prin%s1 said %o ha4e been 'ade b$ %he
2rophe% :brahi' when he s%ood on %he s%one while he and his son
:s'ael were b(ildin/ %he 5a'aba.
ariam, eace be uon her p9. g ,&
"*ar$". The Fir/in *ar$. "a(/h%er of ':'ran and Hannah and 'o%her
of %he 2rophe% :sa (8es(s#1 pea&e be on hi'. ,he is %he firs% of %he fo(r
/rea%es% fe'ales &rea%ed1 %he o%her %hree bein/E
1. Asi$a1 %he wife of ;ir1a(n (2haraoh#.
2. 5hadi<a1 %he firs% wife of *(ha''ad.
3. ;a%i'a1 da(/h%er of *(ha''ad1 'a$ %he blessin/s and pea&e
of Allah be on hi' and all his wi4es and fa'il$.
,(rah 1! of %he Hol$ .(r'an.
artr haheed g.
*ar%$r in %he &a(se of Allah Ta'ala. There ha4e been 'an$ ,h(hadaa
in :sla'i& his%or$1 a'on/s% who' are %he followin/E
1. Ha'7a1 'ar%$red a% %he 9a%%le of )h(d in 6AH.
2. )'ar1 s%abbed in *adinah on 27/12/23AH.
3. )%h'an1 aIed a% his ho'e on 17/12/35AH.
4.
Ali1 s%abbed while in ,a<da on 17/!/6BAH.
5. H(ssein1 'ar%$red a% %he 9a%%le of 5arb(lah (:raG# on !/l/6l AH.
Choe4er is +illed in %he wa$ of Allah /oes s%rai/h% %o %he Aarden1 'a$
Allah be pleased wi%h all of %he'. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1An-@isaa (6#E117-
12. 2l(ralE ,h(hadaa
arut <_&
Bne of %he %wo an/els %ha% were sen% b$ Allah as a %rial %o 'an+ind b$
wa$ of allowin/ Har(% and *ar(% %o %ea&h %he' 'a/i&. ,ee Hol$
.(r'an1 Al-9aGara (2#E12.
arwa u
A s'all hill in *a++ah &lose %o %he holies% *as<id in :sla'1 Al-*as<id al-
Hara'. ,ee ,a'i ,afa and *arwa.
asad (Al) Palm Fibre .
"2al' ;ibre". Ano%her na'e for ,(rah Ab: Jahab. This ,(rah
&onde'ned Abi Jahab and his wife %o Hellfire ('an$ $ears before %heir
dea%hs# for %heir 5(fr1 espe&iMl$ %heir 4iolen% opposi%ion %o %he 2rophe%
*(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e. ,(rah 1^^ of
%he Hol$ .(r'an.
11
aseen visibl in need S.&
4isibl$ in need1 b(% also %hose who see' in no need of help1 b(% who in
reali%$ are 4er$ poor. ,in/(larE *is+een.
asjid osue >.&
*osG(e. A pla&e of worship for *(sli's. A pla&e where %he fi4e dail$
&o'p(lsor$ pra$ers are re/(larl$ done1 eI&ep% for %he 8(''a pra$ers
(%he ;rida$ noon pra$er and ;rida$ 5h(%ba#. The *as<id 8a'e' is %he
pla&e where all %he fi4e &o'p(lsor$ ,ala% (2ra$ers# and %he 8(rn'a
pra$ers are re/(larl$ done. The *as<id 8a'e' is (s(all$ lar/er %han a
*as<id. 2l(ralE *asa< :d.
asjid al-asa (Al) 'Furthest osue' >.
msV
The ';(r%hes% *osG(e' b(il% b$ %he earl$ *(sli's in 8er(sale'1 on or
near where %he Te'ple of ,olo'on on&e s%ood. ,ee 9ai%(l-*aGdis.
asjid al-haram (Al) p >.
The Arand *as<id in *a++ah. The 5a'ba (%he .iblal% of %he *(sli's# is
si%(a%ed wi%hin i%.
asjid an-nabawi (Al) >.
Ano%her na'e for %he *as<id ar-3asool in Al-*adinah. :% is %he se&ond
/rea%es% *as<id in :sla'1 %he firs% bein/ %he *as<id al-Hara' in Al-
*a++ah al-*(+ara'ah1 and %he %hird bein/ %he *as<id al-AGsa in A:-
.(ds (8er(sale'#.
*edia%ion - .
*edie4al _m
edina Al-unawwarah
u_ ,
*edina Al-*(nawwarah e:ll('ina%ed^ E 2re4io(sl$ +nown as ?a%hrib
*edi%a%ion - _&l. S.
*ena&e ,g.
*enda&i%$ QsV - __
*er&if(l >_
*er&$ - >_ sl_
*essen/er __
*essen/er of Allah a __
i'raj .........
The @i/h% 8o(rne$ of %he Hol$ 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless
hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e1 fro' *a++a %o 8er(sale' and %hen %hro(/h
%he real's of %he se4en Hea4ens1 be$ond %he li'i% of for's1 %he ,idra%
al-*(n%aha1 %o wi%hin a bow-span's len/%h or nearer %o %he 2resen&e of
12
Allah. ,ee Hol$ .(r' an1 Al-:sra (17#E1. ,ee 9(+hari1 Hadi%h 3651 9oo+
-1 Fol.1 1and 2271boo+ 5- Fol.5.
*i/ra%ion u>
ihraab Praer niche ........&
2ra$er ni&he of a *as<id ('osG(e#1 in fron% of whi&h %he :'a' s%ands
when leadin/ %he &on/re/a%ional pra$ers.
*ili%an% >& _&
imbar ulbit &
,%eps on whi&h %he :'a' s%ands %o deli4er %he 5h(%ba on %he da$ of
%he 8(''a.
ina&
A pla&e fi4e 'iles fro' *a++ah and approIi'a%el$ %en 'iles fro'
'Arafa%. An essen%ial pla&e %o 4isi% d(rin/ %he Ha<<. ,ee Ha<<.
*inare% u_&
*inori%$ sV
iracles <_>&
*ira&le E A 'ira&le is an e4en% %ha% appears ineIpli&able b$ %he laws of
na%(re1 so held %o be s(perna%(ral in ori/in or an a&% of Allah.
*isbelief S
*is&rean% >
*iser - _. g.
*iser$ n. - .
*isr(le ms - m
*ission .. - _
*is%r(s% Q. - ,_
*ob rr
*odera%ion _V
*odes%$ - u_g
ohammad, eace be uon him

The ;inal *essen/er of Allah ,(bhana wa Ta'ala %o :ns wal 8inn
('an+ind and %he 8inn#. 9orn in *a++ah in 57AC. A% %he a/e of 6 he
was &alled (pon %o be&o'e %he 'i/h%ies% of all 'essen/ers. He died in
*adinah a% %he a/e of 63 af%er /lorio(sl$ &o'ple%in/ his %rans'ission
of %he "i4ine *essa/e. He was %he brin/er of %he /rea%es% 'ira&le of
all %i'e1 %he Hol$ .(r'an. :% is %hro(/h hi' %ha% Allah Ta'ala has
13
enli/h%ened 'an+ind and %he 8inn (n%il %he "a$ of 8(d/e'en%. He is
%he 9es% of Crea%ion1 'a$ %he blessin/s and pea&e of Allah be on hi'
and his fa'il$ and his &o'panions and all who follow hi' and %he' in
wha% %he$ are able1 wi%h sin&eri%$1 (n%il %he Jas% "a$. To %hose 8ews
and Chris%ians who re<e&% %he Hol$ 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 le% i% be
+nown %ha% *(ha''ad is a&%(all$ 'en%ioned b$ na'e in %he Bld
Tes%a'en% in %he ori/inal Hebrew ,on/ of ,olo'on1 Ch.51 4.16. 9(% for
so'e 'is/(ided reason %he$ ha4e &hosen %o ad(l%era%e i% b$ &han/in/
i% fro' "*(ha''adi'" (in %he Hebrew# %o "al%o/e%her lo4el$" in %he
Hn/lish. (*(''ad f i' is a %er' of respe&% in Hebrew.# ,i'ilarl$1
*(ha''ad is a&%(all$ 'en%ioned b$ na'e in %he @ew Tes%a'en% in
8ohn 16.16126115.26 and 16.13. The Aree+ word "2eriGlei%os"
(2ara&le%e#1 whi&h is %he eG(i4alen% of %he Ara'ai& word "*ha'da"1
'eans pre&isel$ wha% "Ah'ad" 'eans in Arabi&1 "%he 'os%
praisewor%h$"1 and "Ah'ad" is one of %he 2rophe% *(ha''ad's
na'es1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e. 9(% for so'e
'is/(ided reason %he$ ha4e &hosen %o ad(l%era%e i% b$ &han/in/ i%
fro' "*ha'da" (in %he Ara'ai&# %o "Co'for%er" or "Co(nsellor" in %he
Hn/lish. *an$ o%her referen&es %o *(ha''ad whi&h eIis%ed in %he
ori/inal Torah and :n/eel ha4e been re'o4ed al%o/e%her. Allah Ta'ala's
wra%h awai%s %hose who +nowin/l$ al%er or hide His words. Allah Ta'ala
has /i4en *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e1 %he
followin/ na'esK
1. *(ha''adE The one who praises and is praised.
2. Ah'adE The 'os% praisewor%h$.
3. A:-*ahiE The effa&er (of 5(fr#.
6. A:.'AGibE The las%.
5. *(s%afaE The &hosen.
6. A:-A'inE The %r(s%wonh$.
,(rah 67 of %he Hol$ .(r' an. ;or a &hronolo/i&al lis% of %he 'ain
e4en%s in %he 2rophe% *(ha''ad's life1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran%
hi' pea&e.
A Chronological uide
1. 2rophe%'s bir%h :n %he sprin/
season *onda$ is
%he a/reed da$.
1s% $ear of A'-(l-
;eel. 5 da$s
af%er %he e4en% of
%he elephan%1
&orrespondin/ %o
22nd April1
57 A"1 1s% 8ai%h
62- 9i+ra'i
before s(nrise1
The da%e is a
'a%%er of
&on%robers$1 b(%
'os% resear&hers
lean %o %he !%h 3abi
:1 as *onda$ also
falls on %ha% da%e.
B%her da%es
s(//es% are 1 and
13 3abi :. ,o'e
ha4e also
s(//es%ed -. 9(%
16
pop(larl$ +nown
%o be 12 3abi :.
%he 'a<ori%$ of
s&holars' 4iew
fa4o(rs !.
2. @(rsin/ A% %he a/e of 6
'on%hs.
2-3 da$s af%er
bir%h1 he was
s(&+led b$
Tha(bia1 a sla4e
/irl of Ab( Jahab.
2er'anen% n(rsin/
period spen% a% %he
deser% ho'e of
Hali'a ,'adia
3. "ea%h of 2rophe%'s
'o%her.
A% %he a/e of 6
$ears.
6. "ea%h of his
/randfa%her.
A% %he a/e of -
$ears 2 'on%hs
1 da$s.
5. ;irs% <o(rne$ %o ,$ria
wi%h Ha7ra% Ab( Talib.
A% %he a/e of 12
$ears 2 'on%hs
The episode of
9ahira1 %he
*on+1 is
&onne&%ed wi%h
%his <o(rne$.
6. 2ar%i&ipa%ion in %he
ba%%le of ;a<<ar 1s% %i'e.
A% %he a/e of 15
or %hereabo(%.
7. 2ar%i&ipa%ion in %he
ba%%le of ;a<<ar se&ond
%i'e.
,o'e %i'e la%er1
no da%e /i4en.
-. 2ar%i&ipa%ion in Hilf(l
;a7(l1 a refor'is%
'o4e'en%.
A% %he a/e of 16.
!. ,e&ond <o(rne$ %o
,$ria as a %rader.
A% %he a/e of 23
or 26
1. *arria/e wi%h Ha7ra%
5hadi<a.
A% %he a/e of 25
$ears 2 'on%hs.
11. )nseen se&re%s
re4eal %he'sel4es.
,e4en $ears
before
2rophe%hood a%
%he a/e of 33.
15
12. Arbi%ra%ion. A% %he a/e of 35. Arbi%ra%ed in %he
disp(%e abo(%
fiIin/ %he bla&+
s%one whi&h was
a'i&abl$ se%%led.
13. 2rophe%hood. A% %he a/e of 6
$ears 11 da$s1 !
3abi :1
&orrespondin/ %o
12 ;ebr(ar$1 61
A"1 *onda$
16. ;a<r and Asr
2ra$ers 1 pres&ribed 2
3a+a%s ea&h.
! 3abi :1 on %he
da$ of
2rophe%hood.
15. 9e/innin/ of
re4ela%ion of %he .(r'an
1- 3a'a7a 1s%
$ear of
2rophe%hood
;rida$1 a% ni/h%
,(ra 'AlaG was
re4ealed
16. 9e/innin/ of se&re&%
prea&hin/
Ho(se of ArG(a'
*a+h7oo'i was
'ade &en%re of
'o4e'en%.
Abo(% 6 people
a&&ep%ed :sla'
d(rin/ %his period.
17. ;irs% p(bli&
anno(n&e'en% of
2rophe%hood.
A% %he end of 3rd
$ear of
2rophe%hood.
1-. ;irs% wa4e of
opposi%ion1 3idi&(le
2ropa/anda and 'ild
oppression.
3rd %o 5%h $ear of
2rophe%hood.
"(rin/ %his period1
dep(%a%ions of
.(raish wen% %o
press(rise Ab(
Talib and
&onfab(la%ions for
opposi%ion.
1!. ,e&ond wa4e of
in%ense opposi%ion1
Bppression.
5%h %o 7%h $ear of
2rophe%hood.
2. *i/ra%ion %o
Ab$ssinia.
3a<ab1 5%h $ear of
2rophe%hood.
21. Ha7ra% Ha'7a and
Ha7ra% )'ar e'bra&e
:sla'.
Ha7ra% )'ar
a&&ep%ed :sla' 3
da$s af%er Ha7ra%
Ha'7a.
16
22. 2rophe%'s in%ern'en%
a% ,hi'b Abi Talib wi%h
%he fa'il$ of Hashi'.
1s% *(harra'1 7%h
$ear of
2rophe%hood.
23. Hnd of in%ern'en%
and bo$&o%%.
Hnd of !%h $ear of
2rophe%hood.
26. ?ear of sorrow.
"ea%h of Ha7ra% Ab(
Talib and Ha7ra% 5hadi<a
1%h $ear of
2rophe%hood.
25. Fisi% %o Taif 8('ada ::1 1%h
$ear of
2rophe%hood.
26. As&ension (*ira<# 27%hs 3a<ab1 1%h
$ear of
2rophe%hood1
*onda$
27. "ail$ pra$ers fi4e
%i'es a da$ pres&ribed.
27%h 3a<ab1 1%h
$ear of
2rophe%hood1
*onda$.
2-. 9e/innin/ of :sla' in
*edina.
D(l hi<<a1 1%h
$ear of
2rophe%hood
2!. "ep(%a%ion of
*edina. ,iI people
a&&ep% :sla'.
D(l hi<<a1 12%h
$ear of
2rophe%hood.
3. ;irs% pled/e of
AGaba wi%h 12 persons.
D(l hi<<a1 12%h
$ear of
2rophe%hood.
31. ,e&ond pled/e of
AGaba wi%h 75 persons.
D(l hi<<ar1 13%h
$ear of
2rophe%hood.
32. *i/ra%ionE
(a# ;ro' *e&&a
%o %he &a4e of Tha(r
,afar 271 13%h
$ear of
2rophe%hood1
2rophe%'s a/e was
53 $ears.
(b# "epar%(re fro'
Tha(r
1s% 3abi :1 13%h
$ear of
2rophe%hood1
17
*onda$1 16%h
,ep%e'ber1 622
A.".
(&# Arri4al a% .(ba. -%h 3abi :1 16%h
$ear of
2rophe%hood
*onda$ 23rd
,ep%e'ber1 622
(d# Hn%r$ in%o *edina. 16%h $ear of
2rophe%hood1
;rida$
33. ;o(nda%ion of
*as<id-i-@aba4i laid.
3abi :1 1 H.
36. Addi%ion of
obli/a%or$ pra$ers
3abi ::1 1 H.
35. 9ro%herhood
be%ween *i/ran%s and
Ansars
;irs% G(ar%er1 1 H.
36. Hs%ablish'en% of
:sla'i& ,%a%e and
&ons%i%(%ional
a/ree'en% of *edina.
*iddle of 1 H.
37. "efen&e s$s%e'
in%rod(&ed.
*iddle of 1 H. 2a%rol par%ies s%ar%.
3-. *arria/e wi%h Ha7ra%
A$esha.
,hawwal1 1 H.
*arried in
*e&&a before
'i/ra%ion b(%
&ons(''a%ion
a% *edina af%er
'i/ra%ion.
3!. :sla' of %wo eli%e1
Abd(llah ibn ,ala'1
for'erl$ 8ew and Ab(
.ais ,arha bin Abi Anas1
for'er Chris%ian 'on+.
6. 8ihad ordered.
12 ,afar 2 H.1
1 $ear 2
1-
'on%hs and
1 da$s af%er
'i/ra%ion.
61. ;irs% 'ili%ar$ a&%ion
Aha7wa Caddan.
,afar 2 H.
62. 2a&%s wi%h o(%side
&lans 9ani "a'ra1
2eople of 9owa% and
9an( *adla<.
,afar %o 8('ada ::1
2 H.
63. 3obber$ of 5(r7 bin
8abir ;ahri.
3abi :1 2 H.
66. @a+hla episode1 firs%
fron%ier &lash of :sla'i&
par%$.
Hnd of 3a<ab1 2 H.
Bne non-
*(sli' +illed
and %wo %a+en
prisoners and
bro(/h% %o
*edina. The
2rophe%
resen%ed %he
a&%ion and
'ade a'ends
for i%.
65. ,al'an ;arsi a&&ep%s
:sla'.
2 H.
66. 9e/innin/ of A7an 2 H.
67. Da+a% pres&ribed. 2 H.
6-. Chan/e of .ibla. 15%h ,haban1 2 H.
*onda$
6!. 3a'a7an fas%
pres&ribed.
1s% 3a'a7an1 2 H.
Cednesda$.
5. Con/re/a%ional
pra$er of Hid-(l ;i%r1 ;i%ra
ordered.
1s% ,hawwal1 2 H.
51. 9a%%le of 9adr. ;irs% - 3a'a7an1 2 H.
1!
re/(lar ba%%leE ,%ar%
fro' *edina.
Cednesda$
9a%%le. 17 3a'a7an1 2 H.
Fi&%orio(s en%r$ in%o
*edina.
2 3a'a7an1 2 H.
52. *arria/e of Ha7ra%
Ali and Ha7ra% ;a%i'a.
Af%er %he ba%%le of
9adr1 2 H.
53. ,ie/e of 9an(
.ain(Ga'.
*iddle of ,hawwal
%o be/innin/ of
DiG'ada1 2 H.
56. 2rophe%'s 'arria/e
wi%h Ha7ra% Hafsa1
da(/h%er of Ha7ra%
)'ar.
3 H.
55. *arria/e of Ha7ra%
)s'an wi%h Ha7ra%
)''e 5(ls('1 da(/h%er
of %he 2rophe%.
3 H.
56. ;irs% order of
prohibi%ion of wine.
3 H.
57. Hnd of 5a'ab bin
Ashraf.
3 H.
5-. 9ir%h of Ha7ra%
Hassan.
15 3a'a7an1 3 H.
5!. 9a%%le of )h(d1 ,%ar%
fro' *edina.
5 ,hawwal1 3 H.
af%er ;rida$
pra$er.
9a%%le. 6 ,hawwal1 3 H.
,a%(rda$.
2(rs(i% of Ab( ,(fian's
ar'$ (p %o Ha'ra-
(l-Asad.
7 ,hawwal1 3 H.
,(nda$.
6. ;irs% order of
prohibi%ion of (s(r$.
,oon af%er ba%%le
of )h(d.
61. :n<(n&%ions abo(%
orphans.
,oon af%er ba%%le
of )h(d.
11
62. "e%ailed laws of
inheri%an&e iss(ed.
,oon af%er ba%%le
of )h(d.
63. :n<(n&%ions abo(%
'arria/e1 ri/h%s of
wi4es1 prohibi%ion of
'arria/e wi%h idola%ers.
3 H.
66. 2rophe%'s 'arria/e
wi%h )''(l *asa+in
Dainab1 da(/h%er of
5ho7ai'a.
Hnd of 3 H.
65. Hpisode of 3a<i'.
*(rder of 1 'e'bers
of 'issionar$
dep(%a%ion.
,afar1 6 H.
66. Aha7wa 9an(
@odair.
3abi :1 6 H.
67. "ea%h of Ha7ra%
Dainab1 da(/h%er of
5ho7ai'a.
3abi :1 6 H.
6-. Brder of Hi<ab 1 DiG'ada1 6 H.
;rida$.
6!. ;inal order of
prohibi%ion of wine.
6 H.
7. ,e&ond Aha7wa of
9adr.
DiG'ada1 6 H. Ab( ,(fian did no%
%(rn (p in +eepin/
wi%h his own
&hallen/e.
71. Aha7wa "('a%(l
8andal
3abi :1 5 H.
72. Aha7wa 9an( Al-
*(s%alaG
3 ,haban1 5H.
73. :n<(n&%ions for
Ta$a''('.
Bn %he wa$ %o
Aha7wa 9an(
*(s%alaG.
76. 2rophe%'s 'arria/e
wi%h Ha7ra% 8owairia.
,haban1 5 H.
75. Hpisode of :f+. ,haban1 5 H.
111
76. Hnfor&e'en% of
2enal Jaws a/ains%
forni&a%ion1 slander e%&.
5 H.
77. Aha7wa Ah7ab. ,hawwal or
DiG'ada1 5 H.
7-. Arri4al of "a(s
dep(%a%ion %o *edina.
5 H.
7!. 2(nish'en% of 9an(
.(rai7a.
D(l hi<<a1 5 H.
-. 2rophe%'s 'arria/e
wi%h Dainab1 da(/h%er of
8ahsh.
5 H.
-1. :sla' of Tha'a'a
bin )sal1 &hief of @a<d.
6 H.
-2. Trea%$ of H(daibi$a. DiG'ada1 6 H.
-3. 3e%(rn %o *edina
fro' H(daibi$a.
D(l hi<<a1 6 H.
-6. :sla' of 5halid bin
Calid and A'r ibn-(l
Aas.
D(l hi<<a1 6 H.
-5. 9e/innin/ of
in%erna%ional &all-le%%ers
%o r(lers.
1s% *(harra'1 6
H. Cednesda$.
-6. Aha7wa 5h$ber. *(harra'1 7 H.
-7. 2rophe%'s
'arria/e wi%h
Ha7ra% ,afia.
*(rharra'1 7 H.
--. 3e%(rn of Ab$ssinian
'i/ran%s.
7 H.
-!. Hs%ablish'en% of
independen% *(sli'
&a'p a% ,aif(l 9ahr.
7 H.
9$ *(sli'
$o(n/ 'en
who were
oppressed in
*e&&a b(%
112
&o(ld no% be
allowed %o sa$
a% *edina
a&&ordin/ %o
H(daibi$a
Trea%$.
!. 3aid b$ ,aif-(l-9ahr
on .(raish Cara4an.
,afar1 7 H.
!1. 2os%poned )'ra
perfor'ed
DiG'ada1 7 H.
!2. "e%ailed in<(n&%ions
abo(% 'arria/e and
di4or&e
7 H.
!3. *arria/e of %he
2rophe% wi%h Ha7ra%
*ai'(na a% *e&&a
7 H.
!6. :sla' of 8ibila
Ahassani.
7 H.
!5 Aha7wa *(%ah. 8('ada :1 - H.
!6. Fiola%ion of
H(daibi$a pa&% b$ non-
*(sli's
3a<ab1 - H
!7. Aha7wa of %he
&onG(es% of *e&&a1 s%ar%
fro' *edina.
1 3a'a7an1 - H.
Cednesda$.
Fi&%orio(s en%r$ in%o
*e&&a
2 3a'a7an1 - H.
HIpedi%ion of Ha7ra%
5halid %o de'olish
%he %e'ple of )77a a%
@a+hla.
*os% probabl$
25 3a'a7an1 - H.
HIpedi%ion of A'r ibn-(l
Aas %o de'olish %he
%e'ple of ,wa'a.
3a'a7an1 - H
113
HIpedi%ion of ,a'ad
Ashhali %o de'olish
%e'ple of *ana%.
3a'a7an1 - H
,%a$ in *e&&a )p %o ! ,hawwal
Aha7wa H(nain. ,hawwal1 - H
,ie/e of Taif Hnd of ,hawwal %o
be/innin/ of
DiG'ada1 - H.
abo(% 1- or 2
da$s.
"is%rib(%ion of boo%$ a%
8i'rana1 and )'ra
DiG'ada1 - H.
!-. ;inal order of
prohibi%ion of (s(r$
- H. Bn %he o&&asion of
%he 4i&%or$ of
*e&&a. Ann(l'en%
of all de'ands of
%he a'o(n%s of
in%eres%.
!!. Arri4al of ,(da
dep(%a%ion a% *edina.
- H.
1. "ea%h of Ha7ra%
Dainab1 da(/h%er of %he
2rophe%.
- H.
11. Br/ani7a%ion of
Da+a.
9e/innin/ of
*(harra'1 ! H.
12. Aha7wa of Tab(+.
,%ar% of %he 2oor
Con%in/en%.
3a<ab1 ! H.
13. Brder abo(% 8i7ia. A% %he %i'e of
Tab(+.
16. Derar *osG(e se%
on fire.
Bn re%(rn fro'
%ab(+.
15. :sla' of )+aidir1
&hief of "('a%(l 8andal.
! H.
16. Apolo/$ b$ 5a'ab
ibn D(hair and his
a&&ep%an&e of :sla'.
! H.
116
17. ,o'e dep(%a%ions
whi&h &a'e %o *edinaE
"ep(%a%ion of A7ra. ,afar1 ! H.
"ep(%a%ion of 9ali$. 3abi :1 ! H.
"ep(%a%ion of 5ha(lan. ,haban1 ! H.
"ep(%a%ion of ThaGif. ! H.
1-. Ha< pres&ribed.
;irs% Ha< (nder Ha7ra%
Ab( 9a+r.
! D(l hi<<a1 ! H.
1!. 2ro&la'a%ion of
ann(l'en% of pa&%s of
(nli'i%ed period.
1 3abi ::1 1 H.
11. "ep(%a%ion of
*aharib.
1 H.
"ep(%a%ion of *aha'id. 1 H.
"ep(%a%ion of 5ha(lan. ,haban1 1 H.
"ep(%a%ion of @aisan. 3a'a7an1 1 H.
"ep(%a%ion of 9ani Haris
bin 5a'ab
,hawwal1 1 H.
"ep(%a%ion of ,ala'an. 3a'a7an1 1 H.
111. Twen%$ da$s'
re%ire'en% of %he
2rophe% in %he las%
3a'a7an.
3a'a7an1 1 H.
112. *(saili'a %he liar's
&orresponden&e wi%h %he
2rophe%
1 H.
113. The Jas% Ha<E s%ar%
fro' *edina.
26 DiG'ada1
1 H.
,a%(rda$
be%ween D(hr
115
and Asr.
,%a$ a% D(lhailifa.
@i/h%
be%ween
,a%(rda$ and
,(nda$.
2(%%in/ on :hra'
,(nda$ a% %he
%i'e of D(hr
pra$ers
Arri4al and s%a$ a%
Di%%owa.
@i/h% of
,(nda$ 6 D(l
hi<<a1 1 H.
,%ar% fro' Di%%owa %o
*e&&a
5 D(l hi<<a1 af%er
earl$ 'ornin/
pra$er.
Hn%r$ in%o sa&red
*osG(e.
5 D(l hi<<a1 1 H.
a% noon
,%a$ o(%side *e&&a. (p %o - D(l hi<<a1
1 H.
,%ar% for *ina. - D(l hi<<a1 1 H.
Th(rsda$ noon
,%ar% fro' *ina %o
Arafah
! D(l hi<<a1 1 H.
;rida$
af%er s(nrise.
Ha< Address. ! D(l hi<<a1 1 H.
;rida$ af%ernoon.
,%op a% Arafah. ! D(l hi<<a1 1 H.
af%er D(hr and Asr
pra$ers.
,%ar% fro' Arafah %o
*(7dalifa.
! D(l hi<<a1 1 H.
af%er s(nse%1
;rida$.
;ro' *(7dalifa %o
*asha'ar-i-Hara'
1 D(l hi<<a1 1 H.
,a%(rda$ af%er
'ornin/ pra$er.
116
;ro' *asha'ar-i-Hara'
%o *ina
1 D(l hi<<a1 1 H.
before s(nrise
Throwin/ of pebbles. 1 D(l hi<<a1 1 H.
af%er s(nrise %ill
noon.
Address a% *ina. 1 D(l hi<<a1 1 H.
noon.
,a&rifi&e perfor'ed. Af%er address.
,%ar% fro' *ina %o
*e&&a.
1 D(l hi<<a1 1 H.
3e%(rn fro' *ina %o
*e&&a.
1 D(l hi<<a1 1 H.
e4enin/.
,e&ond address a% *ina. 11 D(l hi<<a1 1
H.
,%ar% fro' *ina %o
*ahsab or Ab%ah.
13 D(l hi<<a1 1 H.
T(esda$.
3e%(rn fro' *e&&a. @i/h% be%ween
13%h and 16%h D(l
hi<<a1 1 H.
116. "ep(%a%ion of
@a+h'a
*iddle of
*(harra'1 11 H.
115. Brder for ,%ar% of
)sa'a's Ar'$.
26 ,afar1 11 H. Jas% 'ili%ar$
eIpedi%ion ordered
b$ %he 2rophe%.
116. 9e/innin/ of %he
2rophe%'s fa%al disease.
Hnd of ,afar1 11
H.
117. 2eriod of
serio(sness of disease.
,%a$ in Ha7ra% A$esha's
roo'.
7 da$s (p %o %he
%i'e of passin/
awa$.
11-. Jas%
&on/r/a%ional
pra$er a% %he
'osG(e and las%
address.
5 da$s before
passin/ awa$1
Th(rsda$1
D(hr pra$er.
117
11!. 2assin/ awa$. 12 3abi :1 11 H.
*onda$1
forenoon.
12. 9(rial in Ha7ra%
A$esha's roo'.
@i/h% be%ween
13 and 16
3abi :1 11 H.
T(esda$.
*onar&his' _
*onar&h$ - S&
*onas%er$ ,a - &m
*on+- _ Q
*onopolis%S&
*onopol$ _S>
*ono%heis' >
*oo% a>& - u_&
*orale ,& g_
*o%i4a%ion sa
*o%i4e - <. gsa
ould Tawim ...,n.
*o(ld1 shape1 for'1 e%&. Allah Ta'ala &rea%ed 'an in %he bes% of for's1
b(% %hen abased hi' %o %he lowes% of %he low. ,ee Hol$ .(r 'an1 A%-
Teen (!5#E6-5.
ou%ed &m _S
ubashirat lad tidings <.....&
Alad %idin/s. Aood drea's.
ubiat destructive sins <.....n.&
*a<or1 des%r(&%i4e sins.
udathir (Al) The Cloaed One .
"The Cloa+ed Bne". ,(ra% 76 of %he Hol$ .(r' an.
mufti : an interreter ....&
an in%erpre%er or i'ple'en%er of shari'ah or :sla'i& law (essen%iall$
an :sla'i& law$er#. The Co(n&il of *(f%is /a%hers %o/e%her %o deba%e
&han/es %o :sla'i& laws in %he fa&e of 'odern ad4an&es1 s(&h as
or/an dona%ion.
11-
uhaddith A scholar of Ahadeeth <...&
A s&holar of Ahadee%h (sa$in/s and %radi%ions of %he Hol$ 2rophe%
*(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e#. 2l(ralE
*(hadi%heen.
uhajir immigrant .......g&
A *(sli' who e'i/ra%ed fro' *a++ah %o *adinah d(rin/ %he %i'e of
%he /rea% repression of %he *(sli's b$ %he pa/an .(raish (p (n%il %he
&onG(es% of *a++ah in -AH b$ %he 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah
bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e. 2l(ralE *(ha<ireen.
uhajireen ,........g&
2l(ral of *(ha<ir. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 Al-Hashr (5!#E--!1 Al-*(nafiG(n
(63#E 7. ,ee *(ha<ir.
uham S&
.(r'ani& 4erses whi&h ha4e a &lear-&(% 'eanin/.
muhtasib .
The offi&er in &har/e of %he hisba1 whose d(%$1 a'on/ o%her %hin/s1 is
%o ens(re %he proper &ond(&% of people in %heir p(bli& a&%i4i%ies.
mujtahid .....g>&
3eli/io(sl$ learned.
ulhid Atheist
A%heis%. A &o'ple%e disbelie4er in Allah Ta'ala and %he Jas% "a$.
"eri4es fro' :lhad (a%heis'#. :lhad li%erall$ 'eans de4ia%ion. ;or a f(ll
eIplana%ionE ,ee :lhad. 2l(ralE *(lhidoon or *(ihideen.
ul (Al) The overeignt Q
"The ,o4erei/n%$"1 of Allah Ta'ala. ,(rah 67 of %he Hol$ .(r'an.
unafi A hocrite _....s
A h$po&ri%e1 'ore dan/ero(s and worse %han a +afir
unafieen Hocrites ns
H$po&ri%es. The$ are %he wors% of &rea%ed bein/s1 for %he$ pre%end %o1
b(% do no% belie4e in Allah and %he Jas% "a$. Allah has &(rsed %he'
(A%-Tawbah (!#E67-6!# and on %he "a$ of 8(d/e'en% %he$ will o&&(p$
%he lowes% dep%h of %he @ar (Hellfire#1 &alled "H(%a'a". Also spelled as
*(nafiGoon. ,in/(larE *(naflG.
unar ....S&
1.
@a'e of one of %he %wo an/els who will G(es%ion (s in o(r
/ra4es. ,ee *(n+ar wa @a+ir.
2. ,o'e%hin/ %ha% is disappro4ed of in :sla'.
3. ,o'e%hin/ %ha% is denied when i% is said or poin%ed o(%.
6. ,o'e%hin/ %ha% is ref(sed when offered.
11!
unar wa air, eace be uon them S&
S
The %wo an/els who will G(es%ion %he so(ls of %he dead in %heir /ra4es
shor%l$ af%er b(rial abo(% %heir fai%h1 as+in/1 "Cho is $o(r JordL Cho is
$o(r 2rophe%L Cha% is $o(r 9oo+L Cha% was $o(r "eenL" ,ee
*alai+ah.
uarraboon .n
Ji%erall$ 'eans "%hose who ha4e been bro(/h% near". These are %he
'os% eIal%ed1 %he 'os% lo4ed b$ Allah Ta'ala. Bn %he "a$ of
3es(rre&%ion1 Allah Ta'ala will sor% o(% %he /ood and %he e4il in%o %hree
/ro(psE
1. *(Garraboon - %he eIal%ed &lass1 %hose who are %he neares% %o
Allah Ta' ala. Also des&ribed as %he ,abiGoon1 'eanin/ '%hose
who o(%s%rip %he res%'.
2. Ashab al-*ai'ana - li%erall$ 'eans "%he Co'panions of %he
3i/h%". These are %he ri/h%eo(s people1 %hose who are des%ined
%o en%er %he 8annah (2aradise#.
3. Ashab al-*asha'a - li%erall$ 'eans "%he Co'panions of %he
Jef%". These people will be %he inheri%ors of %he @ar (Hellfire#.
;or f(ll eIplana%ion onK
*(Garraboon - see Al- Ca Gi'ah (56#E11-26.
Ashab al-*ai'ana - see Al- Ca Gi'ah (56#E27-6.
Ashab al-*asha'a - see Al- Ca Gi'ah (56#E6O-56.
urji'ah: eferrers a&
"eferrers. Those who defer <(d/'en% of %he sinner %o Aod and %he
"a$ of 8(d/'en%.
ursalat (Al) The missaries <9
"The H'issaries". ,(rah 77 of %he Hol$ .(r' an.
ursaleen
Ji%erall$ 'eans "%hose who are sen%". :% refers %o %he prophe%s and
'essen/ers sen% b$ Allah Ta'ala. Allah sen% 'an$ prophe%s and
'essen/ers %o prea&h %he 'essa/e of Tawheed %o :ns wal 8inn
('an+ind and %he 8inn#. Their eIa&% n('ber is no% Ahadee%h. Here is a
&o'ple%e lis% of %he prophe%s and 'essen/ers of Allah who are
'en%ioned in %he 9oo+ of Allah Ta'ala1 'a$ %he blessin/s and pea&e of
Allah be on all of %he'E
;or eIa'ple E
1 Adam
!5-
1
LL
The firs% h('an
2 ldris -3 LL Hno&h
3 ooh()
!5
3!
2!9C
@oah
12
4 Houd
15
25
229C
2rea&hed %o 'Ad.
5 aleh
5- 2
1!9C
2rea&hed %o
Tha'(d
6 lbhrahim
(l)
175
1-61
17-69C
Abraha'
7 Loot
175
1-61
17-69C
Jo%
lsmael
12or1
63
17-1
163-9C
,h'ael
9 lsha
17-or1
-
1761
16-19C
:saa&
10acoub
167 17
16539C
8a&ob
11usuf 11
161
l5BB9C
8oseph
12huaib
L
16
15BB9C
2rea&hed %o
*ad$an
13Aoub
!2 16
159C
8ob
14hu'l-ifel
75
16
15BB9C
H7e+iel.
15usa()
12 1636
13169C
*oses
16Haroon
122 163!
13179C
Aaron.
121
17awood (l)
7
163
!379C
"a4id
1ulaiman
53
!-5
!329C
,olo'on
19llas
L
! 9C &a Hli<ah.
20Al-as'
L
! 9C Ca Hlisha
21unus
L
- 9C
Ca.
8onas
22Zaariah 12
19C
2BAC
;a%her of
?ah$ah.
23 aha 3 19C 3BAC 8ohn %he 9ap%is%
24lsa()
33
1 33AC 8es(s
25uhamma
d()
63
571
632AC
The ;inal
*essen/er
(*#N a 'essen/er as well as a prophe% of Allah Ta'alaK i.e. one who
&a'e wi%h a new 'essa/e1 a re4ela%ion %ha% &onfir'ed %he earlier
re4ela%ions1 b(% whi&h &on%ained new ele'en%s appropria%e for i%s
%i'e.
urtad Aostate .........&
Apos%a%e. 2l(ralE *(r%adeen.
urtaddeen ,.&
2eople who be&o'e apos%a%es1 i.e. people who be&o'e (nbelie4ers
af%er ha4in/ belie4ed.
9a&+ To lis% ^
usa, eace be uon him a &
p9.
*oses. Bne of %he /rea%es% prophe%s and
'essen/ers of :sla'. ,ee *(rsaleen.
ushrieen ldol-worshiers S.&
:dol-worshippers. 2eople who asso&ia%e par%ners wi%h Allah Ta'ala1
s(&h as %he Chris%ians1 who ha4e raised %he 2rophe% :sa (8es(s1 ,on of
*ar$#1 pea&e be on %he'1 %o %he le4el of Allah. Allah Ta'ala 'a$
for/i4e an$ sin whi&h 'an or 8inn 'a$ &o''i%1 eI&ep% for d$in/ in a
s%a%e of ,hir+. ,in/(larE *(shri+. ,ee ,hir+.
(AL)ustafa The elect
m
AJ-*(s%afa eThe ,ele&%^ E Bne of %he na'es of %he Hol$ 2rophe% (pea&e
be (pon hi'# be&a(se he was &hosen b$ Allah %o be His *essen/er %o
all 'an+ind.
122
utashaabihaat: Allegorical <g..&
Alle/ori&al. 3efers %o 4erses (aa$aa%# of %he .(r'an whi&h are
eIpressed in a fi/(ra%i4e 'anner in &on%radis%in&%ion %o aa$aa%
'(h+a'aa% or 4erses whi&h are &lear in and b$ %he'sel4es.
*(%in$ a.sm
uammil (AL) The nshrouded One _&_
"The Hnshro(ded Bne". ,(rah 73 of %he Hol$ .(r'an.
*$s%i& sm
*$s%i&is' m.
*$%h u_l
123

ahl (Al) The ee _

"The 9ee". ,(rah 16 of %he Hol$ .(r'an.
ajm (Al) The tar >
"The ,%ar". ,(rah 53 of %he Hol$ .(r'an.
ajwa >
1.
A pri4a%e %al+ be%ween Allah %he Al'i/h%$ and one of His sla4es
on %he "a$ of 3es(rre&%ion. ,ee ,ahih 9(+hari1 Hadi%h 6211
9oo+ 631 Fol.3.
2. A se&re%i4e %al+ a'on/s% %he 5(ffar plo%%in/ a/ains% %he Hol$
2rophe% *(ha''ad and his followers1 'a$ %he blessin/s and
pea&e of Allah be on hi' and %he'. ,ee ,(rah al-*(<adalah
(5-#E-.
ash Abrogation g.
Abro/a%ion of &er%ain par%s of %he .(r'ani& re4ela%ion b$ o%hers. The
prin&iple is 'en%ioned in %he .(r'anE "@one of B(r re4ela%ions do Ce
abro/a%e or &a(se %o be for/o%%en1 b(% Ce s(bs%i%(%e so'e%hin/ be%%er
or si'ilar" (2E 16#.
aasih active articile g
(a&%i4e par%i&iple#. 3efers %o %he passa/e whi&h abro/a%es or
s(persedes %he par% whi&h is abro/a%ed. The abro/a%ed passa/e is
&alled 'ansoo+h (passi4e par%i&iple#.
@a%ion
a& - .
@e/a%i4is'
The egus .>
The @e/(s E 5in/ of Ab$ssinia who re&ei4ed %he *(sli's who had
i''i/ra%ed %o his &o(n%r$ fro' *e&&a and pro%e&%ed %he'
@ei/hbo(r
_
@ei/hbo(rhood
- u _
@e(%er
a>
ifa Hocris _
H$po&ris$. Bne of %he /rea%es% sins in %he si/h% of Allah Ta'ala. The
p(nish'en% for @ifaG is %he lowes% pi% of an-@ar (Hellfire#1 %he H(%a'a.
,ee 8ahana'.
@i//ard
_.
@obili%$
.V
126
@oble
_ - ,,.
@o'ad
.
@o'adis' u.
ooh, eace be uon him p9. a g
"@oah". A 'essen/er as well as aprophe%. ,(rah 71 of %he Hol$
.(r'an. ,ee *(rsaleen.
oon uhr ...........gL
@oon. The se&ond obli/a%or$ ,ala% (2ra$er# of %he da$. :% &an he
pra$ed a% an$ %i'e be%ween noon and 'id-af%ernoon
@(n
_
usu Q.
A /eneral sa&rifi&e in %he pa%h of Allah. All %he deeds and a&%ions of
Ha<< are re/arded as @(s(+1 for %he$ are indeed re/arded as sa&rifi&es
in %he pa%h of Allah ,(bhana wa Ta'ala. 2l(ralE *anasi+.
uool __
The re4ela%ion of %he Hol$ .(r'an. The re4ela%ion of %he Hol$ .(r'an
was re4ealed in %hree s%a/esE
1. :% was firs% wri%%en on %he Ja(h al-*ahf(dh1 i.e. on %he /(arded
%able% in %he ,e4en%h Hea4en.
2.
Bn %he Jaila%(l .adr Allah Ta' ala sen% %he en%ire .(r' an down
%o %he 9ai%(l ':77a in %he ;irs% Hea4en.
3. "(rin/ %he 'on%h of 3a'adan Allah Ta'ala ordered %he Hol$
,piri%1 %he An/el 8ibreel (Aabriel#1 pea&e be on hi'1 %o s%ar% %o
re4eal %he .(r'an %o %he Hol$ 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah
bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e1 b(% no% all a% on&e. The en%ire
re4ela%ion of %he Hol$ .(r'an %oo+ %wen%$-%hree $ears.
O
O Allah Allahumma g
"B Allah". This is said when in4o+in/ Allah Ta'ala. ;or eIa'ple1 "Allah
h(''a a%ina fid d(n$a hasana wa fil a+hira%i hasana wa Gin a 'ad hab
an-nar". "BAllah1 /i4e (s %he /ood of %his world and %he /ood of %he
Hereaf%er and preser4e (s fro' %he Hellfire."
Bbd(ra%e
Ta'a Obedience a gm>
Bbedien&e %o Allah and perfor'in/ /ood deeds. :n%erpre%a%ion.
Hspe&iall$ in%erpre%a%ion of %he Hol$ .(r'an
Bbeisan&e - gm> a>
B&&(pa%ion _9>
125
Blden _ .r
B'nipo%en% ,n
B'nis&ien%
Bnse% u_r- p>
Bpiniona%ed - .S&
Bppression L
Bp%i'is' _
Bra%or > u&
126
orders Aham pS>l
Ji%erall$ 'eans "orders". :n :sla'1 orders are s(bdi4ided in%o siI
dis%in&% &a%e/oriesE
1.
Co'p(lsor$1 (;ard# N se4ere p(nish'en% if disobe$ed. This
%a+es %wo for'sE
1. ;ard 'ain N &o'p(lsor$ on e4er$ person1 e./. ,ala%.
2. ;ard +ifa$a N &o'p(lsor$ on a% leas% one person in %he
&o''(ni%$1 e./. ,ala% al-8ana7a.
2. @e&essar$ b(% no% &o'p(lsor$ (Ca<ib#1 e./. ,ala%
al-8('a'.
3. 3e&o''ended b(% no% &o'p(lsor$ (*(s%ahab#1 e./. ,(nnah
pra$ers1 ,adaGa.
6. Je/al and allowed (Halal#1 e./. ea%in/ /ood food1'arria/e.
5. "isappro4ed of1 b(% no% forbidden (*a+ro(h#1 e./.s'o+in/
%oba&&o.
6. ;orbidden (*(harra'1 Hara'#1 e./. Dina (forni&a%ion and
ad(l%er$#.
Brderliness - .. pL
Br/ani7a%ion L&
Brien% _.
Brien%alis' _.V
Brien%alis% _..&
Bri/in _m- ul.
Bri/inal sin V
Brna'en% >- ,_ - >_
Brphan ,
Br%hodoI .
Bs%ra&i7e - a
B(%la$ n
B4ersi/h% - g .
B4er%l$ 9 -

_g
P
2a&ifi&a%ion
g. - m&
2a&%
_.& - g
127
2a/an
. - pmV .
2a/anis'
.V ua
2ainf(l
& - g&
2ala&e
ms
2ane/$ri&
1,n. g,& - .
-
2ani&
- a g
2apa&$
,.
2apal
..
2aradise
a
2ara/on
_S a
2ardon
r
2ari%$
u.&
2arsi'onio(s
_.
2arsi'on$
_.
2ar%i&ipan%
Q,. - n&
2ar%$
_> -
2ass
- & &
2assion
- mr ,. u>
2assi4e obedien&e

2assi4e resis%an&e
&n&
2a%ernal
. - ._
2a%h _.
Patience abr m
2a%ien&e and perse4eran&e. Allah Ta'ala has pro'ised
";alaah"(s(&&ess# in %his world and in %he Hereaf%er %o %hose *(sli's
12-
who ha4e ,abr1 espe&iall$ d(rin/ %i'es of hardship. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1
Aali '8'ran (3#E2.
2a%ri'on$
<&
2a%rio%
- m&
2a%rona/e
,_ - m.
2a(&i%$
- s u_
2a4ilion
- , 1.s
PH p9. a
These le%%ers are abbre4ia%ions for %he words 2ea&e 9e )pon Hi'
whi&h are %he 'eanin/ of %he Arabi& eIpression " 'Alaihis ,ala'"1
whi&h is an eIpression %ha% is said when %he na'e of a prophe% is
'en%ioned. This eIpression is widel$ (sed b$ Hn/lish spea+in/
*(sli's. :% is %o be no%i&ed here %ha% %his eIpression does no% /i4e %he
f(ll 'eanin/ of ",alla Allah( 'Alaihi Ca ,alla'". Therefore i% is
re&o''ended %ha% people do no% (se (p.b.(.h.# af%er %he na'e of
prophe% *(ha''ad (s.a.w.#K %he$ sho(ld (se ",alla Allah( 'Alaihi Ca
,alla'" ins%ead1 or %he$ 'a$ (se %he abbre4ia%ed for' of (s.a..w# in
wri%in/.
2ea&e
p9 - & - gm
2enal%$
_ms - n
2enan&e
.. - u_S
2eni%en&e
.. - p
2eni%en%
.- pa
2erfid$
_r - > - g <S
2eriod
m
2er<(r$
__ ,- <>
2er'issible
g&- _
2er'ission
a - u_ m>_ -
2erpe%(a%e
. - a>
2erpe%(i%$
n. - ,.
12!
2erpleIi%$
u> - Q._
2erse&(%ion
agm
2erspi&a&io(s
m. - L >m
2ers(asion
- gs
2er%
a
2er%ina&i%$
a - _m
2er%inen%
- & 9&
Ber4erse
a& -
2er4ersi%$
_9m - a
2er4er%
__& - _m
2es%
- .
2han%o'
g.- ,
2harisais'
,_ - _
2heno'ena
L
2heno'enon
uL
2hilan%hrop$
,. > &
2hilosoph$
.s
2ie%$
n. - g_
2i/
,_>
2il/ri'

2il/ri'a/e
g
2illa/e
r
Pillars Aran .....S_l
2illars. This refers %o %he indispensable pillars of :sla'. There are fi4e
Ar+an of :sla'E
13
1. ,hahada%ain1 bearin/ wi%ness. All *(sli's '(s% belie4e in and
(%%er %he ,hahada%ain.
o The ;irs% ,hahada isE Ashhad( an la illaha illal'lah. (:
bear wi%ness %ha% %here is no dei%$ wor%h$ of worship
eI&ep% Allah.#
o The ,e&ond ,hahadaE Ashhad( anna *(ha''adar
3asool(llah. (: bear wi%ness %ha% *(ha''ad is %he
*essen/er of Allah.# ,in/(larE ,hahada N bearin/
wi%ness. "(alE ,hahada%ain N bearin/ wi%ness.
2. ,ala%1 pra$ers. To perfor' all %he fi4e &o'p(lsor$ dail$ ,ala%
(pra$ers# re/(larl$ in %he eIa&% 'anner as was pra&%ised b$ %he
Hol$ 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi'
pea&e.
3. ,eeaa'1 fas%in/. Also spelled as ,a('. To fas% in %he 'on%h of
3a'adan.
6. Da+a%1 weal%h d(es. To pa$ 2.5P of one's $earl$ sa4in/s o %he
poor and need$ *(sli's. The Da+a% is &o'p(lsor$ on all
*(sli's who ha4e sa4ed (a% leas%# %he eG(i4alen% of -5/ of 26
&ara% /old a% %he fi'e when %he ann(al Da+a% pa$'en% is d(e.
Da+a% is also d(e on o%her %hin/s s(&h as sil4er1 ani'als1 &rops1
e%&. ;or f(ll eIplana%ion on Da+a% refer %o %he rele4an% boo+s
wri%%en on %he s(b<e&%.
5. Ha<<1 pil/ri'a/e. To perfor' %he pil/ri'a/e %o %he Hol$ Ci%$ of
*a++ah a% leas% on&e in one's life%i'e (if one is able %o afford
i%#.
2i'p
<,a
2io(s
n. - g_ - ,&
2io(sness
n
2ira%e
ms
2i%iless
n. ,
2i%$
n. - ,
2la&able
g&.& -
2la/(e
- .
2la%oni&
- _
2la(di%
. - g&
2lea
>>- >> - _
131
2led/e
_ - g -
2len%$
us - >_
2l(rali%$
,a. - ,.S
2oe%r$
.
2oli%eness
a - S
2oli%i&s
.
2oll(%e
- _.s a
2ol$%heis'
Q. - gV a.
2ol$%heis%s
S.
Poor Fair ns
A poor person. :n :sla' po4er%$ 'a$ %a+e %wo for's E
1. Cordl$ E A person who does no% ha4e %he finan&ial 'eans %o
help hi'self.
2.
:n %he A+hira(Hereaf%er#E A person who has failed %o /ain %he
pleas(re of Allah Ta'ala b$ wa$ of disobedien&e1 %h(s earnin/ a
pla&e in %he @ar (Hellfire#.
2oor d(es
uS_
2op(la&e
- & p
2op(la%ion
S.
2or+
,_
2or%end
.
2or%i&o
__ - _a
2or%liness
- .g& _s
The Possessors of Constanc Awlo alam
l
p_
2osi%ion
gm
2os%pone'en%
_l. - _
132
2ossession
u - a
2o%en&$
- us a
2o%en%
- _as _n&
2o%en%a%e
.&
2o(%
- g>.
2o4er%$
- ns _
2owerf(l
- s ,s- _n&
2raise
> - . - g&
2raisewor%h$
>
2ra$er
u9m
2rea&her
1 - .&
2rea&hin/
L
2re&a(%ion
_> - >
2re&ipi&e
, - u
2re&ipi%an&e
- _ gs
2re&l(sion
g& - m
2re&(rsor
.. - ,
2redes%ina%ion
ms - _s ,
2redi&%
l. - _
2redi&%ion
gS.
2redisposi%ion
a - .s
2redo'inan&e
1.. - r
2redo'inan%
1.&
2re-e'inen&e
9
133
2rehis%ori&
g,_ _s&
2re<(di&e
m.
2repara%ion
a - a
2repossessed
_&& - _&
2res&ribed
_&
2res&rip%
s
2res%a%ion

2re%en&e
a - >>- L.
2re%eI%
- >>
2re4alen&e
ua - 1..
2re4en%ion
g& - m - n,
2re4io(s
- , _.
2ries%
S
2ries%ess
S
2ries%hood
<gS
2ri'i%i4e
.
2ri'ordial
m -
2rin&e
&
2rin&iple
l&
Princiles of lslamic lawsulul Fih _ml
an
2rin&iples of :sla'i& law1 drawn fro' %he ori/inal f(nda'en%al pri'ar$
so(r&es.
2rin&edo'
u_&
2rin&ess
u&
136
2rin&ipal
._
2rin&ipali%$
u_& n&
2ris%ine
s - - _
2ri4a%ion
&> - ss
2ri4ile/e
_& - _>
2ri4$ &o(n&il
>&
2ro&la'a%ion
9 - _.&
2ro&li4i%$
- a_&
2rodi/al
_&- .&
2rodi/ali%$
- ,.
2rofana%ion
. - & Qg
2ro/en$
_. - ,_a
2rohibi%ion
,. - g&
2ro'is&(i%$
>.
2ro'ise
- g
Proof aleel _a
(pl(ralE adillah#. 2roof1 indi&a%ion1 e4iden&e. H4er$ r(lin/ or <(d/'en%
needs %o be s(bs%an%ia%ed b$ %he appropria%e daleel in %he firs%
ins%an&e fro' %he .(r'an and %he ,(nnah.
2ropa/anda
- u . ,
2ropensi%$
_& a -
2roper%$
S&
2rophe&$
- gS. .
Prohet abi
2rophe%. There ha4e been 'an$ prophe%s sin&e %he world was firs%
&rea%ed. Their eIa&% n('ber is no% 'en%ioned ei%her in %he Hol$
.(r'an or in an$ of %he a(%hen%i&a%ed Ahadi%h (sa$in/s and %radi%ions
of %he Hol$ 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi'
135
pea&e#. Bnl$ %wen%$-fi4e of %he' are a&%(all$ na'ed in %he Hol$
.(r'an1 'a$ %he blessin/s and pea&e of Allah be on all of %he'. ,ee
*(rsaleen for %he &o'ple%e lis%. 2l(ralE Anbi$aa.
2rophe%hood
u
2ropi%ia%ion
u_S
2roposi%ion
l_ - gs - ms
2rosel$%e
- g& g&
2rosperi%$
g9s- g>
2rospero(s
g&
2ros%i%(%ion
_
2ros%ra%in/
a>
2ro%e&%ion
,> ,s
Protectors Awliaa l
2ro%e&%ors1 friends1 s(ppor%ers1 helpers. Co'es fro' %he sa'e roo%
word as *a(la. ,in/(larE Calee.
2ro%es%
&s >
2ro%es%a%ion
>>
2ro(d
S& - _s
2ro4in&e
s - n&
2ro4o&a%ion
- u_. mr
2roI$
_,. - _S.
2r(den&e
- um. s
2r(den% fear n
2sal'
_._ - _&_&
2sal%er
&_
2(bli&i%$
_. - g.
2(bli&l$
9 -

_g
136
2(lpi%
&
2('p+in
n
2(nish'en%
n - _ms
2(re

2(rifi&a%ion
g.
2(rif$
g.
2(ri%$
u_g
Purification Tahara u_.......g
2(rifi&a%ion. Tahara is a&&o'plished in a 4arie%$ of wa$s1 e./.E
1. ,o(ls. :n order for %he so(l %o be p(re one '(s% s(b'i% one's
whole self %o Allah Ta'ala1 i.e. be&o'e a *(sli'.
2. 9odies. The$ are p(rified %hro(/h Ta$a''('1 C(d( or Ah(sl1
dependin/ on %he &ir&('s%an&es. ;or a f(ll eIplana%ionE ,ee
Ta$a''('1 C(d( and Ah(sl.
3. Clo%hin/. Three %hin/s indi&a%e %ha% &lo%hes 'a$ be i'p(re and
need washin/E
o :f %he$ s'ell.
o :f %he$ are we% and %he &a(se of %he we%ness is ei%her
(n+nown or +nown %o be i'p(re or dir%$.
o :f %he$ are s%ained.
2(ri%an
> - _s&
2(ri%$
n u_g

abrrave s
Ara4e.Jife in %he .abr(%he /ra4e#is +nown as %he "9ar7a+h"1%he
in%erspa&e1 be&a(se i% &o'es be%ween in %his world and life in %he neI%
world. The .abr is +nown b$ siI na'esE
1. 9ai% al-Ah(rba (Ho(se of %he ,%ran/er#.
2. 9a1% al-Cahda (Ho(se of ,oli%(de#.
3. 9ai% al-T(rab (Ho(se of "(s%#.
6. 9ai% al-"oor (Ho(se of Cor's#.
5. 9ai% al-;i%na (Ho(se of Trail#.
6. 9ai% al-"h(l'a (Ho(se of "ar+ness#.
The /ra4e is eIperien&ed as a pla&e of pea&e and li/h% and spa&eb$
%he 3(h of %he *('in who sees his or her pla&e in %he Aarden in %he
'ornin/ and in %he e4enin/K and is eIperien&ed as a pla&e of %or'en%
and dar+ness and no spa&e b$ %he 3(h of %he 5afir who sees his or her
137
pla&e in %he ;ire in %he 'ornin/and in %he e4enin/. Af%er dea%h %here is
a period of wai%in/ in %he /ra4e for %he 3(h (n%il %he Jas% "a$ arri4es1
when e4er$ one who has e4er li4e will be bro(/h% ba&+ %o life and
/a%hered %o/e%her. %heir a&%ion will be wei/h% in %he *i7an (%he
9alan&e#1 and e4er$ one will ei%her /o %o %he Aarden or %he ;ire1 for
e4er.
ada wa adar ecree and estin mn
_n
"e&ree and "es%in$. .ada 'eans wha% Allah has ordained for all %he
world. .ada &an no% be &han/ed1 for %he de&ree of Allahis final. .adar
is %he indi4id(al fa%e1 or des%in$ if ea&h one of all His &rea%(re. :% also
&an no% be &han/ed b(% 'a$ be al%ered b$ Allah (nder spe&ial
&ir&('s%an&es1 for "Allah has power o4er all %hin/" (Hol$ .(r'an1 Al-
*a'idah (5#E1!.#
adi judge mn
:% 'eans <(d/e.
ardan Hasana

.>

ms
"A bea(%if(l loan" (%o Allah Ta'ala#. ,pendin/ in %he &a(se of Allah
Ta'ala is des&ribed b$ Allah Ta'ala Hi'self as "a bea(%if(l loan"
be&a(se i% en%ails self-denial for %he sa+e of Allah Ta'ala. :% is for %his
reason %ha% Allah has pro'ised a ri&h reward for %hose who eIpend
%heir weal%h in His 2a%h. ,ee Hol$ .(r' an1 Al-9aGara (2#E2651 Al-Hadid
(57#E111 1-.
areen ,n
1.
Bne who perfor's Ha<< al-.iran. ,ee Ha<<.
2. An independen% so(l %ha% resides inside a person. :% is nor'all$
a friendl$ &o'panion who helps %he indi4id(al1 b(% so'e%i'es
/e%s <ealo(s and &a(ses proble's. A 'ale .areen resides in a
'ale person and a fe'ale .areen in a fe'ale1
3. Co'panion
aroon _s
5orah. A weal%h$ 5afir who led a rebellion (of 25 'en# a/ains% %he
2rophe%s *(sa (*oses# and Haroon (Aaron#1 pea&e be on %he'. As a
p(nish'en% Allah Ta'ala &a(sed %he ear%h %o open and swallow %he'
(p alon/ wi%h all %ha% %he$ possessed. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 Al- .asas
(2-#E76--21 Al-An+ab(% (2!#E3!.
iama (Al) The Resurrection a&n
"The 3es(rre&%ion". ,(rah 75 of %he Hol$ .(r' an.
ibla an
"ire&%ion in whi&h all *(sli's fa&e when pra$in/. :ni%iall$ %he .iblah
was %owards al-.(ds (8er(sale'#1 %hen Allah ,(bhana wa Ta'ala
ordered %he Hol$ 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran%
hi' pea&e1 %o fa&e al-5a'ba in *a++ah al-*(+arra'ah. H4er$one has a
13-
dire&%ion in life1 b(% onl$ %he *(sli's ha4e %his .iblah. ,ee Hol$
.(r'an1 Al-9aGara (2#E162-1651 16!-15.
isaas Law _mn
Jaw of eG(al re%alia%ion when p(nishin/ a person for in<(ries
in%en%ionall$ infli&%ed on so'eone else. ,ee Al-9aGarah(2E17--17!#.
Also .isas1 .esas
ias measuring n
Ji%erall$ .i$as 'eans 'eas(rin/ or as&er%ainin/ %he len/%h1 wei/h% or
G(ali%$ of so'e%hin/. .i$as also 'eans &o'parison %o es%ablish
eG(ali%$ or si'ilari%$ be%ween %wo %hin/s. A fo(r%h ele'en% of ,haria
no% fo(nd in %he .(ran1 ,(nnah1 or /i4en in %he :<'a1 Gi$as are new
&ases or &ase law %ha% 'a$ ha4e been pre4io(sl$ de&ided b$ a hi/her
<(d/e. The ,haria <(d/e &an (se le/al pre&eden% %o de&ide new &ase
law and i%s appli&a%ion.
.(a&+ _a
.(ail - ,m
.(arrel pm> - Q
ub'
.......s
A pla&e on %he o(%s+ir%s of Al-*adina. The 2rophe% saw es%ablished a
'osG(e %here1 whi&h bears %he sa'e na'e. A 4isi% %o %ha% 'osG(e on
,a%(rda$ forenoon and offerin/ a %wo 3a+']% pra$er is re/arded as a
perfor'an&e of ')'ra in reward a&&ordin/ %o %he 2rophe%'s sa$in/.
.(een S&
.(es% > - - <.
.(ies&en&e - l
ur'an ,S ln
The "3e&i%a%ion". The Hol$ .(r'an. Also &alled A:-;(rGaan1"The
"is&ri'ina%ion (be%ween %r(%h and falsehood#". The ;inal 3e4ela%ion of
Allah ,(bhana wa Ta'ala %o :ns wal-8inn ('an+ind and %he 8inn#. Allah
,(bhana wa Ta'ala Hi'self de&reed %ha% i% is He who will preser4e %he
Hol$ .(r'an fro' an$ dele%ion or addi%ion or al%era%ion (n%il %he "a$ of
3es(rre&%ion. :% is /enerall$ (nders%ood %ha% i% is a boo+ 'ean% for %he
*(sli's alone. :n fa&%1 i% is a boo+ for all 'an+ind and <inn %o follow (p
%o %he "a$ of 8(d/e'en%1 b(% i% has been a&&ep%ed onl$ b$ %hose who
ha4e s(b'i%%ed %heir will (%he *(sli's# %o Allah %he Al'i/h%$. The
people who' %he .(r'an is in%ended %o benefi% are des&ribed in
,(ra%(l-9aGara (2#E1-5.The$ are %he s(&&essf(l ones. The Hol$ .(r'an
was re4ealed %o %he 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and
/ran% hi' pea&e1 %hro(/h %he An/el 8ibreel (%he An/el Aabriel#1 pea&e
be (pon hi'1 d(rin/ a period of %wen%$-%hree $ears. The Hol$ .(r'an is
%he /rea%es% of %he Jas% *essen/er's 'ira&les1 sin&e he &o(ld nei%her
13!
read nor wri%e and had ne4er re&ei4ed an$ for'al ed(&a%ion. The Hol$
.(r'an is %he (n&rea%ed word of Allah. The Hol$ .(r'an &on%ains 116
,(war1 &o'posed of 61616 A$a%1 771!36 words and 3231671 le%%ers.
,(rah :ndeI E

1. The Bpenin/

2. The Cow

3. The ;a'il$ Bf ':'ran1 The Ho(se Bf ':'ran

6. Co'en

5. The Table1 The Table ,pread

6. Ca%%le1 Ji4es%o&+

7. The Hei/h%s

-. ,poils Bf Car1 9oo%$

!. 3epen%an&e1 "ispensa%ion

1. 8onah

11. H(d

12. 8oseph

13. The Th(nder

16. Abraha'

15. Al-hi<r1 ,%oneland1 3o&+ Ci%$

16. The 9ee

17. :sra'1 The @i/h% 8o(rne$1 Children Bf :srael

1-. The Ca4e

1!. *ar$

2. Ta-ha

21. The 2rophe%s

22. The 2il/ri'a/e

23. The 9elie4ers

26. Ji/h%

25. The Cri%erion1 The ,%andard

26. The 2oe%s

27. The An%1 The An%s

2-. The ,%or$1 ,%ories

2!. The ,pider

3. The 3o'ans1 The 9$7an%ines

31. J(G'an

32. The 2ros%ra%ion1 Corship1 Adora%ion

33. The Clans1 The Coali%ion1 The Co'bined ;or&es

16

36. ,aba1 ,heba

35. The An/els1 Bri/na%or

36. ?a-sin

37. Those Cho ,e% The 3an+s1 "rawn )p :n 3an+s

3-. ,ad1 (%he Je%%er# ,ad ( ,#

3!. The Troops1 Thron/s

6. The 9elie4er1 The ;or/i4er (/od#

61. (si/ns# ,pelled B(%1 Ha-'i'

62. Co(n&el1 Cons(l%a%ion

63. Brna'en%s Bf Aold1 J(I(r$

66. ,'o+e

65. Cro(&hin/

66. The Cind-&(r4ed ,andhills1 The "(nes

67. *(ha''ad

6-. Fi&%or$1 ConG(es%

6!. The 2ri4a%e Apar%'en%s1 The :nner Apar%'en%s

5. .af1 (%he Je%%er#1 ( .#

51. The Cinnowin/ Cinds

52. The *o(n%

53. The ,%ar

56. The *oon

55. The 9enefi&en%1 The *er&$ Ai4in/

56. The H4en%1 The :ne4i%able

57. :ron

5-. ,he Tha% "isp(%e%h1 The 2leadin/ Co'an

5!. HIile1 9anish'en%

6. ,he Tha% :s To 9e HIa'ined1 HIa'inin/ Her

61. The 3an+s1 9a%%le Arra$

62. The Con/re/a%ion1 ;rida$

63. The H$po&ri%es

66. *(%(al "isill(sion1 Ha//lin/

65. "i4or&e

66. 9annin/1 2rohibi%ion

67. The ,o4erei/n%$1 Con%rol

6-. The 2en1 (%he Je%%er# @

6!. The 3eali%$

161

7. The As&endin/ ,%airwa$s1 ,%air&ases )pward1 ,&+ep%i&

71. @oah

72. The 8inn1 ,pri%es

73. The Hnshro(ded Bne1 9(ndled )p

76. The Cloa+ed Bne1 The *an Cearin/ A Cloa+

75. The 3isin/ Bf The "ead1 3es(rre&%ion

76. Ti'e1 *an1 (e4er$# *an1 This (da$-and-#a/e

77. The H'issaries1 Cinds ,en% ;or%h

7-. The Tidin/s1 The Anno(n&e'en%

7!. Those Cho "ra/ ;or%h1 ,o(l-sna%&hers

-. He ;rownedO

-1. The B4er%hrowin/1 HI%in/(ishedO Crappin/ Thin/s )p

-2. The Clea4in/1 9(rs%in/ Apar%

-3. "efra(din/1 The Chea%s1 Chea%in/

-6. The ,(nderin/1 ,pli%%in/ Bpen

-5. The *ansions Bf The ,%ars1 Cons%ella%ions

-6. The *ornin/ ,%ar1 The @i/h%&o'er

-7. The *os% Hi/h1 Alor$ To ?o(r Jord :n The Hi/hes%

--. The B4erwhel'in/1 The 2all

-!. The "awn1 "a$brea+

!. The Ci%$1 This Co(n%r$side

!1. The ,(n

!2. The @i/h%

!3. The *ornin/ Ho(rs1 *ornin/ 9ri/h%O

!6. ,ola&e1 Consola%ion1 3elief

!5. The ;i/1 The ;i/%ree

!6. The Clo%1 3eadO

!7. 2ower1 ;a%e

!-. The Clear 2roof1 H4iden&e

!!. The Har%hG(a+e

1. The Co(rser1 The Char/ers

11. The Cala'i%$1 The ,%(nnin/ 9low1 The "isas%er

12. 3i4alr$ :n Corld :n&rease1 Co'pe%i%ion

13. The "e&linin/ "a$1 H4en%ide1 The Hpo&h

16. The Trad(&er1 The Aossip'on/er

15. The Hlephan%

162

16. Cin%er1 .(ra$sh

17. ,'all 5indnesses1 Al's/i4in/1 Ha4e ?o( ,eenL

1-. Ab(ndan&e1 2len%$

1!. The "isbelie4ers1 A%heis%s

11. ,(&&o(r1 "i4ine ,(ppor%

111. 2al' ;ibre1 The ;la'e

112. The )ni%$1 ,in&eri%$1 Bneness Bf Aod

113. The "a$brea+1 "awn

116. *an+ind
uraish _,s
Bne of %he /rea%es% %ribes in pre-:sla'i& Arabia. The Hol$ 2rophe%
*(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e1 belon/ed %o
%his %ribe. A% firs% %he$ were an a4owed ene'$ %o %he 2rophe%1 b(% %he
4as% 'a<ori%$ a&&ep%ed :sla' af%er %he &onG(es% of *a++ah in -AH b$
*(ha''ad and 11 of his &o'panions1 'a$ %he blesssin/s and
pea&e of Allah be on hi' and %he'. ,(rah 16 of %he Hol$ .(r' an. ,ee
Hol$ .(r'an1 Al-.a'ar (56#E63-66151.
urbaan: .s
Ji%erall$ 'eans "sa&rifi&e". :n :sla' i% refers %o %he sa&rifi&in/ of
ani'als solel$ for %he pleas(re of Allah Ta'ala on %he da$ of eid (l-
ad'haa and %he %wo da$s followin/ i%.
R
Ra'd (Ar) The Thunder
"The Th(nder". ,(rah 13 of %he Hol$ .(r' an.
3abbi
p>> >
3abbini&al
p>>
3abble
g s.
3a&e
_m9
3a&is'
9 ,m
Rahaman (Ar) ost racious >
"Ar-hah'an". *os% Ara&io(s1 *er&if(l. Bne of %he nine%$-nine
A%%rib(%es of Allah Ta'ala. ,(rah 55 of %he Hol$ .(r' an. This ,(rah is
referred %o as "The 9ride of %he Hol$ .(r an
Raheem (Ar) ost erciful >
"Ar-3ahee'". *os% *er&if(l. Bne of %he nine%$-nine A%%rib(%es of Allah
Ta'ala. . :% is said %ha% %he A%%rib(%e of Ar-3aheern &onsis%s of %he
163
'er&$ of Allah %ha% is onl$ eIperien&ed b$ %he *(sli's1 whereas %he
A%%rib(%e of Ar-3ah'an &onsis%s of %he 'er&$ of Allah %ha% is
eIperien&ed b$ %he whole &rea%ion. ;or eIa'ple1 all &rea%(res are fed
(n%il %he$ die1 b(% onl$ %he *(sli's eIperien&e %he reward of brea+in/
%he fas% a% %he end of ea&h da$ of 3a'adan1 and %he reward of
'ee%in/ %heir Jord in %he neI% world.
Rajm (Ar) toning
,%onin/. :n :sla'i& law %he Hadd p(nish'en% for whoe4er is 'arried
and &o''i%s ad(l%er$ is %o be s%oned %o dea%h.
Ra'a a......S_
A (ni% of %he ,ala% (2ra$er#1 a &o'ple%e series of s%andin/1 bowin/1 %wo
pros%ra%ions and si%%in/s. 2l(ralE 3a+'a%.
Ramadan .....m&_
The nin%h 'on%h of %he :sla'i& &lendar. :% is a 4er$ i'por%an% 'on%h in
%he :sla'i& world.
1. :% is %he 'on%h of fas%in/1 d(rin/ whi&h all ad(l% *(sli's who
are in /ood heal%h fas% fro' %he firs% li/h% of dawn (n%il s(nse%
ea&h da$. "(rin/ %he firs% %hird of %he fas% $o( %as%e Allah's
'er&$K d(rin/ %he se&ond %hird $o( %as%e Allah's for/i4enessK
and d(rin/ %he las% %hird $o( %as%e freedo' fro' %he ;ire. ,ee
Hol$ .(r' an1 Al-9aGara (2#E1-5.
2. :% is %he 'on%h in whi&h %he re4ela%ion of %he Hol$ .(r' an %o
o(r Hol$ 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran%
hi' pea&e1 &o''en&ed.
3.
The Jaila%(l .adr (see (.adr1 Jaila%(l# o&&(rs in %his 'on%h.
6. The fa'o(s 9a%%le of 9adr was fo(/h% and won in %his 'on%h.
5. The ConG(es% of *a++a b$ *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi'
and /ran% hi' pea&e1 %oo+ pla&e in %his 'on%h.
3an&o(r
_r - n>
3ando'
.
3anso'
- ,s s
Rasool essenger _......_
*essen/er. A prophe% of Allah Ta' ala who &a'e wi%h a p(re re4ela%ion
fro' Allah %o 'an+ind and %he 8inn. ;or a &o'ple%e lis% of %he
'essen/ers and prophe%s referred %o in %he .(r' anE ,ee *(rsallen.
2l(ralE 3(s(ll. ,ee 3(s(ll.
Rasoolu'llah essenger of Allah a __
*essen/er of Allah. Thro(/ho(% %he his%or$ of %he world Allah has sen%
'essen/ers wi%h a 9oo+ %o eIplain Tawheed %o 'an and 8inn1 and %o
show %he' how %o li4e a% pea&e. The *(sli's a&&ep% and belie4e in all
%he 'essen/ers1 in&l(din/ %he prophe%s @ooh (@oah#1 :brahi'
(Abraha'#1 *(sa (*oses#1 "awood ("a4id#1 :sa (8es(s#1 pea&e be (pon
166
%he' all1 and espe&iall$ *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran%
hi' pea&e. ,ee *(rsallen.
3a%ifi&a%ion
_,m. - sam&
3a%ionali%$
9n
3a%%le dea%h
< .>
3eadiness
l. - _s
3eal'
S& - a
3easonin/
_n. - S. - _
3ebel
a& - _
3ebellio(s
a&
3ebellion
a.- - m u_.
3e&i%a%ion
u9. - n
3e&l(se
- __& Q
3e&l(sion
_ - S
3e&o/ni%ion
_. - _s
-
3e&oil
._ - g.
3e&on&ilia%ion
- _s ,.. - m&
3e&ondi%e
_&r - - >
3e&onnoi%er
.>. - g
3e&orded
& - _>.&
3e&o(rse
a> - >
3e&r(%e
a&
3ede'p%ion
s- - ,s aa
3edo(b%able
- _ g,&
3efor'a%ion
g9m - ,g.
165
3efor'er
gm&
3efrain
_s- &
3ef(/e
l>&- l&
3ef(%a%ion
_>a - - _n .
3e/al
S&
3e/enera%e
g& - a>&
3e/ion
s - n&
3e/is%ra%ion
,. - _>..
3e/ress
-a._ _S
3e/ression
ua_ - ua - ngn.
3e/(lar
L& - s
3e/(lari%$
pL - - s _.
3e/(la%ion
- us - pL s
3ei/n
S>- 1..
3einfor&e'en%
a& - a& - ,n.
- _,_.
3ela%ionship
- s9 .s
3eliable
n.
3elian&e
- _. - _S. a
3eli&s
- _. ,n.- >a
religion een ,
1.
"een )s(all$ %ransla%ed as 'reli/ion'1 b(% in fa&% 'eanin/ 'life-
%ransa&%ion'1 %he %ransa&%ion bein/ be%ween Allah and ea&h of
his &rea%ed bein/s. The life-%ransa&%ion1 or reli/ion1 of Allah
Ta'ala is (ni4ersal. :% is %he wa$ of :sla' (s(b'isson of will %o
Allah Ta'ala#. He sen% %he sa'e 'essa/e %o @ooh (@oah#1
:brahi' (Abraha'#1 *(sa (*oses#1 :sa (8es(s# and all %he o%her
166
prophe%s1 pea&e be on all of %he'1 b(% 'an+ind1 %hro(/h
i/noran&e or in%en%ional 'is/(idan&e b$ o%hers1 has al%ered %he
reli/ion of Allah a/ain and a/ain. Allah Ta'ala sen% %he Hol$
.(r'an as %he final re4ela%ion and /(idan&e for 'an+ind and
%he 8inn who will all be <(d/ed on %he "a$ of 3es(rre&%ion.
2. Also indi&a%es %he <(d/e'en% i%self1 i.e. "?a(' al-"een"
(8(d/e'en% "a$#.
3eli/io(s
n. ,a
3eli/io(sness
,.
3e'ission
r u&
3e'ons%ran&e
>> _
3e'orsef(l
m >
3ene/ade
.&__&
3en(n&ia%e
S l.
3en(n&ia%ion
_S .
3een%an&e
.. p
3epen%an%
.pa l
3epose
>_
3eprehension
p ,. _
3epresen%a%i4e
_S
3epression
gs gS
3eproba%ion
>g
3eproof
,. g..
3ep(%a%ion
m
3es&ission
g.s _n
3eser4a%ion
- 1> n
3esi/na%ion
p9. - a
167
3esol(%ion
p_ - m.
3espe&%
p>
3espi%e
- g& _g&
3esponsibili%$
.&
3es%ora%i4e
a>&
3es%ri&%ions
1. - <L.
3es(rre&%
- <. _.
3es(rre&%ion
- &n <
3e%alia%ion
pn
3e%i&en%
LS - pS
3e%in(e
- . .>
3e%ire
- ngn. __
3e%ire'en%
__ - .
3e%rea%
ngn. - _
3e%rib(%ion
- _ n
3e%ro/ression
g_ - a._
3e4ealed
>l
3e4ela%ion
> - pg - <>.
3e4en/e
pn - _l.
3e4eren&e
- _s p>
3e4ol%
a.- m
3e4ol(%ion
u_.- 9n
3eward
V
3he%ori&ian
g. - ,m>
16-
3i/h%
_>
3i/h%eo(s
gm - _a
Righteousness and awe of irr wa
Tawa !"# $
3i/h%eo(sness and awe of %he Crea%or whi&h Mnspire a person %o be
on /(ard a/ains% wron/ a&%ion and ea/er for a& don whi&h are
pleasin/ %o Allah.
The Rightl-uided Calihs (11-40 AH)
%& '()
The 3i/h%l$-A(ided Caliphs (11-6 A.H.# E The 3i/h%l$-A(ided Caliphs
are %he firs% fo(r Caliphs who s(&&eeded %he 2rophe% (pea&e be (pon
hi'#. The 3i/h%l$-A(ided Caliphs are %he o(%s%andin/ 'e'bers of %he
Co''(ni%$ and i%s s$'bols1 leaders of %he Call and i%s /(ards. The$
preser4ed %he (ni%$ of %he *(sli' &o''(ni%$ and 'ana/ed %he affairs
of %he :sla'i& s%a%e. The$ areE Ab( 9a+r Al-,iddiG1 0)'ar bin Al-
5ha%%ab1 0)%h'an bin 0Affan and 0Ali bin Abi Talib.
3i/id
p_m ,
3is+
s_>& u&
3i%e
u.
3i%(als
n .
Ri Provision ___
ri7G. 2ro4isions %ha% Aod des%ines for a person1 in s(&h for's as
addi%ional in&o'e1 food1 &lo%hin/1 or a na%(ral reso(r&e s(&h as wa%er.
,ee fa%ahna.
2ro4ision. ,(s%enan&e. "eri4es fro' %he word "A:-3a7aG" The 2ro4ider
or ,(s%ainer1 one of %he nine%$-nine A%%rib(%es of Allah Ta' ala.
Rooh irit g_
,piri%. ,ee Hol$ .(r' an1 Al-Hi<r (15#E2!1 Al-isra (17#E-5--61 Al-*(<adilah
(5-#E221 Al-*a' arif (7#E61 An-@aba' (7-#E3-1 Al- .adr (!7#E6.
Rooh AL udus The Hol irit g_
n
The Hol$ ,piri%. Ano%her na'e for %he An/el 8ibreel (Aabriel#1 pea&e be
on hi'. His d(%$ was %o &o''(ni&a%e be%ween *lah and His prophe%s.
Alah Ta'ala s%ren/%hened %he 2rophe% :sa (8es(s#1 pea&e be on hi'1
wi%h %he Hol$ ,piri% (Al-9aGara (2#E-71 253#. This is one of %he reasons
wh$ %he @asara (Chris%ians# belie4e %ha% %he 2rophe% 8es(s was di4ine.
:f 8es(s was Allah1 %hen wh$ did he need s%ren/%henin/L The$ also
16!
belie4ed %ha% %he Hol$ ,piri% was di4ine. :f %he Hol$ ,piri% was Allah1
%hen how was He sen% and b$ who'L Cho has %he power %o &o''and
Allah %o /o an$whereL "o %he$ no% +now %ha% Allah is "A:-Cahid"1 "The
)niG(e"L Alor$ be %o Allah1 %he *os% Hi/h. ,(rel$ %he$ disbelie4e who
sa$ %ha% Allah has asso&ia%es.
Ruh-ul-Lah
a g_
A&&ordin/ %o %he earl$ reli/io(s s&holars fro' a'on/ %he &o'panions
of %he 2rophe% saw and %heir s%(den%s and %he *(<%ahidgn1 %here is a
r(le %o dis%in/(ish be%ween %he %wo no(ns in %he /eni%i4e &ons%r(&%ion.
(A# Chen one of %he %wo no(ns is Allah1 and %he o%her is a
person of a %hin/1 e./.1
(i# Allah's Ho(se (9ai%-(l-Jah#1
(ii# Allah's *essen/erK
(iii# Allah's sla4e ('Abd(llah#K
(i4# Allah's spiri% (3(h-(l- Jah# e%&.
The r(le of %he abo4e words is %ha% %he se&ond no(n1 e./.1
Ho(se1 *essen/er1 sla4e1 spiri%1 e%&. is &rea%ed b$ Allah and is
hono(rable in His ,i/h% and si'ilarl$ Allah's spiri% 'a$ be
(nders%ood as %he spiri% of Allah1 in fa&%1 i% is a so(l &rea%ed b$
Allah1 i.e. 8es(s1 and i% was His CordE "9eO"1 - and he was
&rea%ed (li+e %he &rea%ion of Ada'#.
(9# 9(% when one of %he %wo is Allah and %he se&ond is nei%her a
person nor a %hin/1 %hen i% is no% a &rea%ed %hin/ b(% is a G(ali%$
of Allah1 e./.1
(i# Allah's 5nowled/e (':l'(llah#K
(ii# Allah's Jife (Ha$a%(llah#K (iii# Allah's ,%a%e'en%
(5ala'(llah#K
(i4# Allah's ,elf ("ha%(llah#e%&.
3oo%
_ - _ml
3o$al
S&
3(de
1s - gs
Rua as_
"i4ine words1 (s(all$ fro' %he Hol$ .(r' an1 (sed as a re&i%afion %o
&(re an illness or a disease.
3(le
S>- us -
3(ler
S> - 1.&
3(na/a%e
sS- _m
15

,abian .m
,a&erdo%al .gS
,a&red- n& ,a
,a&redness - s &>
,a&rifi&e - m - .a .s
,adness _>r -
afa and arwa u m
Two s'all hills in *a++ah1 in Al-Hara' as-,hareef (The Arand *as<id#
%o %he eas%. :% is an essen%ial par% of an )'ra and %he Ha<< %o wal+
se4en %i'es be%ween %he %wo pla&es1 G(i&+enin/ one's s%ep briefl$
be%ween %wo poin%s be%ween %he'. This is &alled ,a'i. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1
Al-9aGara (2#E
,afe%$ - & &9
,a/e > - _s
ahih gm
Heal%h$ and so(nd wi%h no defe&%s. A(%hen%i&1 as re/ards Ahadee%h1
s(&h as ,ahih 9(+hari and ,ahih *(sli'.
ahih uhari _ gm
A boo+ of a(%hen%i& Ahadee%h &o'piled b$ :'a' 9(+hari.
ahih uslim .& gm
A boo+ of a(%hen%i& Ahadee%h &o'piled b$ :'a' *(sli'.
ahu g
Ji%erall$ 'eans for/e%%in/. :f one adds %o or s(b%ra&%s fro' wha% is
reG(ired d(rin/ %he ,ala% (2ra$er#1 o(% of for/e%f(lness or la&+ of
a%%en%ion1 %hen one '(s% perfor' %wo eI%ra pros%ra%ions a% %he end of
%he ,ala%. This is &alled ,a<da ,ah(.
,ain% - ,s
,a+e ms- _ - ,r
aina Calm aS.
Cal'1 pea&ef(l %ranG(illi%$1 perfe&% &al'ness1 sereni%$1 d(e %o %he
2resen&e of Allah bein/ 'ade &lear and apparen%. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 A%-
Ta(bah (!#E261 61 Al-;a%h (6-#E61 1-1 26.
alaf Forebears ,.
;orebears1 prede&essors1 an&es%ors.
Al alaf al aalih gm ,.
151
%he ri/h%eo(s forebears - refers %o %he earl$ /enera%ions of *(sli's
in&l(din/ %he ,ahaabah and %he Taabi0oon.
alafi
Ji%erall$1 "%he earl$ $ears". ,alafi is (sed /enerall$ %o des&ribe %he
earl$ /enera%ions of %he *(sli's1 par%i&(larl$ %he &o'panions of %he
*essen/er of Allah and %hose who followed %he'1 'a$ %he blessin/s
and pea&e of Allah be on hi' and %he'. :n %he presen% a/e %he %er' is
so'e%i'es (sed %o des&ribe a *(sli' who &losel$ follows %he ,(nnah
of %he Hol$ 2rophe% *(ha''ad and As-,alafi$een as-,aliheen1 %he
ri/h%eo(s &o'panions of *(ha''ad.
alat u9........m
2ra$ers. There are fi4e dail$ obli/a%or$ pra$ers in
:sla'1&onsis%in/ of fiIed se%s of s%andin/s1 bowin/s1
pros%ra%ions and si%%in/s in worship %o Allah. These are &alled
3a+ 'a%. The n('ber of 3a+'a% in ea&h pra$er and %heir %i'in/s
areE
1. ;a<r - dawn - %wo 3a+'a%.
2. "(hr - noon - fo(r 3a+'a%.
3. 'Asr - af%ernoon - fo(r 3a+' a%.
6. *a/hreb - s(nse% - %hree 3a+'a%.
5. :sha - la%e e4enin/ - fo(r 3a+'a%.
These fi4e ,ala% are one of %he Ar+an of isla'. ,ee Ar+an.:% is
ne&essar$ %o be in Ah(sl and in C(d( when doin/ %he ,ala%.
;or 4ol(n%ar$ ,ala%E ,ee @afi:ah.

Bne of %he ei/h% /a%es of 8annah (2aradise#. ,ee 8annah.

alatud_duha m u9m
A @afl ,ala% %ha% is pra$ed af%er s(nrise and before noon.
alatul anaa Funeral raer u_> u9m
;(neral pra$er. :% is per'i%%ed %o do ,ala%(l 8ana7a onl$ o4er %he dead
bodies of *(sli's. This pra$er is done in %he s%andin/ posi%ion onl$1
and (s(all$ i''edia%el$ before %he b(rial. :% &on%ains fo(r Ta+birsE
1. Af%er %he firs% Ta+bir - read ,(ra%(l ;a%iha.
2.
Af%er %he se&ond Ta+bir - re&i%e an$ "(a'a for %he 2rophe%
*(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e1b(% i% is
preferred %o do %he Tashahh(d (see Tashahh(d#and %he ,ala%
a:-:brahi'i$aE "A:lah(''a salle 'ala *(ha''ad wa 'ala ale&
*(ha''ad +a'a salaira :brahi' wa 'ala alee :brahi'K fill
'ala'een inna+a ha'eed(n 'a<eed. Allah(''a bara+ 'ala
*(ha''ad wa 'ala alee *(ha''ad +a'a bara+ %a ibrahi' wa
'ala ale& :brahi'K fill 'ala'een inna+a ha'id(n 'a<eed." ("B
Allah1 bless *(ha''ad and %he fa'il$ of *(ha''ad1 as ?o(
blessed :brahi' and %he fa'il$ of :brahi'. :n all %he worlds
s(rel$ ?o( are 2raisewor%h$1Alorio(s. B Allah1 /i4e *(ha''ad
blessin/ and %he fa'il$ of *(ha''ad1 as ?o( /a4e :brahi'
152
blessin/ and %he fa'il$ of :brahi'. :n all %he worlds s(rel$ ?o(
are 2raisewor%h$ 1 Alorio(s."#
3. Af%er %he %hird Ta+bir - pra$ for %he de&eased person1 his or her
rela%i4es and %he *(sli' people in /eneral.
6. Af%er %he fo(r%h Ta+bir - %his 'ar+s %he end of %he ,ala%.;a&e
$o(r ri/h% sho(lder and sa$ "Assala'( 'alai+(' wa
rah'ar(llah" ( "2ea&e be on $o( and %he *er&$ of Allah"#.
alatul huru _. u9m
A @afl ,ala% of %wo or fo(r 3a+'a% %ha% is pra$ed a shor% while af%er
s(nrise.
alatul Tasbih g.. u9m
A spe&ial @afl ,ala% of fo(r 3a+'a%. This ,ala% in4ol4es praisin/ Allah
Ta'ala b$ in&l(din/ ",(bhanallah1 wal ha'd(lilah1 wa la il laha illallah1
wallah( a+bar" ("Alor$ %o Allah1 and 2raise %o Allah1 and %here is no
/od eI&ep% Allah and Allah is Area%es%"# se4en%$-fi4e %i'es in ea&h
3a+'a.
salat ul-um'ah E a> u9m
Al%ho(/h 'os% *(sli's pra$ on %heir own where4er %he$ happen %o be
a% %he %i'e1 %here is an oppor%(ni%$ on ;rida$s %o &o'e %o/e%her as a
&o''(ni%$ %o pra$ %o/e%her. Tradi%ionall$1 %he 'idda$ pra$er on
;rida$ is said a% %he 'osG(e1 where %he i'a' or a /(es% will read
passa/es fro' %he .(r'an and 'a$ /i4e a lesson h '(&h as
*(ha''ad 'a$ ha4e done %ho(sands of $ears a/o. The &on/re/a%ion
is arran/ed in lines (wo'en and 'en ha4e separa%e areas for pra$er#1
and %he s$n&hronisa%ion of 'o4e'en% and &han%in/ b$ h(ndreds of
*(sli's is a powerf(l si/h%. Al%ho(/h a%%endan&e is obli/a%or$ for 'en
(al%ho(/h no% for wo'en#1 a 'an who is si&+ is eI&(sed.
aleh, eace be uon him p9. a gm
A prophe% of :sla'. He was sen% %o %he people of Tha'(d who li4ed in
%he nor%h-wes%ern par% of %he Arabian 2enins(la. The$ were des%ro$ed
for re<e&%in/ hi'. The re'ains of %heir s%one dwellin/s s%ill eIis% %oda$.
,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 A:-'Araf(7#E73-7!1 A%-Tawbah (11#E61 -6-1 Ash-,h('ara
(26#E161 -15!1An-@a'l (27#E65-53.
alih gm
3i/h%eo(s and /oodl$ person1 so'eone who is in %he ri/h% pla&e a% %he
ri/h% %i'e. :% 'a$ also 'ean heal%h$ and so(nd in bod$ and so(l.
alsabil A fountain in annah _.
A fo(n%ain in 8annah. Ji%erall$ 'eans "see+ %he wa$". ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1
Al-insan (76#1-.
,al(%a%ion p9 - .
,ala4a%ion - _9> u>
amad (As) m
153
"oes no% ha4e an eIa&% 'eanin/ in Hn/lish. The &loses% word or words
%ha% indi&a%e %he 'eanin/ areE
1. "Absol(%e" and "H%ernal" and "H4erlas%in/".
2. The Bne %o Cho' all &rea%ed bein/s %(rn %o for all %heir needs1
and Cho is no% dependen% on an$%hin/ or an$one for an$ need.
3. The *os% 2erfe&% in His A%%rib(%es.Bne of %he nine%$-nine
A%%rib(%es of Allah Ta'ala. ;or a &o'ple%e lis%.
,an&%ifi&a%ion ,n. - g.
,an&%i'onio(s _,_ - _s&
,an&%i%$ . - s - u_g
,an&%(ar$ &
,apien&e ,_a - s
,apien% S>
aifah A shelter with a roof an.
A shel%er wi%h a roof. The &o'panions of %he 2rophe% 'e% in a ,aGifah
in *adinah %o pled/e %heir lo$al%$ %o Ab( 9a+r af%er %he dea%h of %he
2rophe%.
amad (as) m
Bne of %he nine%$-nine A%%rib(%es of Allah. :% 'eans Absol(%e1 H%ernal1
and H4erlas%in/. :% refers %o %he Bne %o Cho' all &rea%ed bein/s %(rn
%o for all %heir needs1 and Cho is no% dependen% on an$%hin/ or an$one
for an$ need. The *os% 2erfe&% in His A%%rib(%es.
aria A small arm a,
A s'all ar'$ sen% b$ %he prophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi'
and /ran% hi' pea&e1 for a 8ihad in whi&h he did no% personall$ %a+e
par%.
,a%an .
,a4a/e - > ..
,a4a/er$ > - ,..
,a4io(r & - n&
awm Fasting p.....m
;as%in/ (saw' in Arabi&# is one of %he ;i4e 2illars of :sla'. All heal%h$
and sane *osle's are eIpe&%ed %o fas% (%o abs%ain fro' food1 drin+1
s'o+in/ and o%her bodil$ pleas(res# d(rin/ %he da$li/h% ho(rs
%hro(/ho(% %he en%ire 'on%h of 3a'adan. This 'eans %ha% %he$ rise
before dawn %o ea% brea+fas% and %hen ea% a lar/e 'eal af%er d(s+.
Chile %he$ fas% d(rin/ %he da$1 *osle's are eIpe&%ed %o refle&% on
%he'sel4es and %heir s%andin/ before Allah1 and as+ for for/i4eness for
156
%heir sins. The e4enin/ 'eal1 b$ &on%ras%1 is of%en a %i'e of en<o$'en%
and %he /a%herin/ of friends and rela%i4es.
,&ep%i& .& - &
,&ep%er >m
,&his'_n. - _n.
,&owl - g>.
,&ree&h m
cribes of the revelation

S
>

,&ribes of %he re4ela%ion E ,&ribes of %he re4ela%ion were %hose who

sho(ldered %he %as+ of wri%in/ down %he re4ela%ion.
,&r(ple Q. - ,_
,&(lp%or _. gm
,e&(lar
,e&l(sion _ms - __
The eat of Allah Al-ursi S
The ,ea% of Allah1 al-Ha$$( al-.a$o('. The si7e of His ,ea% eI%ends
o4er all %he hea4ens and ear%h. H4en %ho(/h i% is s(&h a h(/e &rea%ion1
i% is s%ill '(&h s'aller %han %he 'Arsh (%he Throne# of Allah Ta'ala.
,(rah 2E255 is &alled A$a%(l 5(rsi. ,ee ,(rah al-9aGara (2#E255. ,ee
also 'Arsh.
,e&onder & - gL
,e&% - &
,edan a
,eda%eness S
,edi%ion m
,edi%io(s a&
,ed(&%i4e _m& - ga&
,elf
<a
,elf-denial
< _S
The elju tate n9. a
155
The ,el<(+ ,%a%e E These were %he des&endan%s of T(r+'an whose
/randfa%her was ,el<(+. The$ had so 'an$ offsprin/s who r(led :ran1
Asia *inor1 :raG and ,$ria fro' %he 11%h %o %he 13%h &en%(ries A.".
The$ p(% an end %o %he 9($ids and were finall$ bro(/h% %o an end b$
Aen/his 5han and his s(&&essors
,eniori%$ &sl - nl
,ens(al g.
,ens(ali%$ g.
,ereni%$ - __
,erdo' ,a
,e%%ler .&
hafaa'a lntercession a.
:n%er&ession. Bn %he "a$ of 8(d/e'en% Allah Ta'ala1 %hro(/h His Ara&e
and *er&$1 will per'i% %he 2rophe% *(ha''ad 'a$ Allah bless hi'
and /ran% hi' pea&e1 %o in%er&ede on behalf of %he *(sli' )''ah.
Three o%her /ro(ps 'a$ also be /i4en lea4e %o in%er&edeE
1. The Anbi$aa - %he prophe%s.
2. The )la'aa - %he people of +nowled/e fro' a'on/s% %he
*(sli's.
3. The ,h(hadaa - %he 'ar%$rs who died in %he &a(se of Allah
Ta'ala.
hahada witness ua.....g.

To wi%ness1 in %his world. ,ee ,hahada%ain.

To bear wi%ness1 on %he "a$ of 8(d/e'en%. There will be fo(r
wi%nesses on ?a(' al-Hisab (%he "a$ of 3e&+onin/#E
1. The 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran%
hi' pea&e1 and %he *(sli' )''ah a/ains% all %he o%her
)''ahs (&o''(ni%ies and na%ions#.
2. The ear%h and %he da$ and %he ni/h% will be /i4en %he
power %o spea+ and bear wi%ness.
3. H4er$one's li'bs will bear wi%ness for or a/ains%
%heirowners.
6. Bne's deeds.
,in/(lar of ,hahada%ain.
hahawat esires <...g.
"esires and passions.
hahid .......g.
:% 'eans a wi%ness or 'ar%$r.
haih g.
eB%her Co''onl$ )sed ,pellin/sE ,HH:5H^
156
The word ,hai+h is a %i%le or a ni&+na'e for an elderl$ person or a
reli/io(s leader in a &o''(ni%$. This %i%le is also /i4en %o a wise
person. The 'eanin/ of %he word ,hai+h has been dis%or%ed1 'is(sed1
and ab(sed b$ so'e 'ass 'edia %o refle&% %he wron/ 'eanin/s.
hir Q.
Bpposi%e of Tawheed. To asso&ia%e an$one or an$%hin/ wi%h Allah
,(bhana wa Ta'ala. ,hir+ is idol-worship. :dol-worship 'eans
a%%rib(%in/ for' %o Allah1 en&asin/ Hi' in an ob<e&%1 a &on&ep%1 a ri%(al
or a '$%h - when Allah has no for'1 is no% li+e an$%hin/ and &anno% be
&on&ei4ed of or per&ei4ed. Allah %he *os% *er&if(l is prepared %o
for/i4e an$ sin a 'an or 8inn 'a$ &o''i%1 eI&ep% for d$in/ in a s%a%e
of ,hir+. There are %hree %$pes of ,hir+E
1. ,hir+ al-A+bar ('a<or ,hir+#. This is di4ided in%o fo(r &a%e/oriesE
o ,hir+ ad-"('a E in4o+in/ or s(ppli&a%in/ %o a false dei%$
besides Allah Ta'ala1 i.e. in4o&a%ion or s(ppli&a%ion b$
ei%her in4o+in/ o%her %han Allah or in4o+in/ Hi' %hro(/h
a &rea%ed bein/ or %hin/1 s(&h as a prophe%1 an an/el1 a
sain%1 or e4en a ban+ 'ana/er.
o ,hir+ al-@i$$ah wa :raada wal .asd E ha4in/ %he
in%en%ion and de%er'ina%ion %o delibera%el$ do an$ %$pe
of a&% of worship %o a dei%$ o%her %han Allah Ta'ala.
o ,hir+ a%-Ta'aE obe$in/ an$ &rea%ed bein/ a/ains% %he
&o''and of Allah Ta'ala. 9eware of s(&h ,hir+O :% is
4er$ eas$ %o &o''i%.
o ,hir+ al-*(habbahE lo4in/ a &rea%ed bein/ or an ob<e&%
'ore %han Allah Ta'ala.
2. ,hir+ a:-As/har ('inor ,hir+#E
o ,hir+ ar-3ea'E&arr$in/ o(% a reli/io(s a&% for worldl$
/ains and no% for %he pleas(re of Allah1 e./. /i4in/ Da+a%
for %he sa+e of fa'e or praise.
o ,hir+ a%-Tas'ee'E swearin/ b$ o%her %han Allah1 and
a&&ordin/l$ rel$in/ on o%her %han Allah1 or a%%a&hin/
'ore i'por%an&e %o o%her %han Allah.
3. ,hir+ a:-5haf$ (hidden ,hir+#Ehein/ dissa%isfied wi%h wha% Allah
has ordained for a pani&(lar person. Hidden ,hir+ is %o inwardl$
worship an$%hin/ or an$one o%her %han Allah1 or %o inwardl$
asso&ia%e so'e%hin/ or so'eone as a par%ner wi%h Hi'1
espe&iall$ one's self.
haitan atan .......
,a%an. An e4il 8inn who pro'p%s 'an+ind and 8inn %o rebel a/ains%
Allah. Ce see+ ref(/e in Allah fro' %he e4il %ha% He has &rea%ed .
2l(ralE ,ha$a%een. ,ee :blis. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 An-@isaa (6#E117-12.
hari'a a.......,.
:sla'i& law as ordained b$ Allah Ta'ala. Ji%erall$ i% 'eans 'a road'. The
,hari'a is %he le/al and so&ial 'odali%$ of a people based on %he
re4ela%ion of %heir prophe%. The las% ,hari'a in his%or$ is %ha% of :sla'. :%
157
abro/a%es all pre4io(s ,hari'as. :% is bein/ %he las%1 %herefore %he
easies% %o follow1 for i% is appli&able %o %he whole h('an ra&e where4er
%he$ are.
hu'aib, eace be uon him a .
p9.
A prophe% of :sla'. He was sen% %o %he people of *ad$an (*idian#1 b(%
%he$ re<e&%ed hi'1 so Allah Ta'ala des%ro$ed %he' wi%h an ear%hG(a+e.
,ee *(rsaleen. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1Al-A'raf(7#E-5-!31 Ho(d (11#E-6-!5.
huhadaa ..g..
2ersons who die ;ee ,abeeli'::ah (in %he pa%h of Allah#. Allah has
desi/na%ed ei/h% %hin/s for %he ,h(hadaa aloneE
1. The$ are %he firs% %o be for/i4en.
2. The$ are %he firs% %o see %heir pla&e in 8annah (2aradise#
3. The$ are eIe'p%ed fro' 'Adhab(l-.abr (%rials and %rib(la%ions
in %he /ra4e#.
6. The$ will be eIe'p%ed fro' fear on %he "a$ of 3es(rre&%ion.
5. The$ will be &rowned wi%h %he "Ta< al-CaGar" (li%erall$ 'eans
"%he &rown of respe&%"# on %ha% "a$.
6.
The$ will ea&h be 'arried %o se4en%$-%wo "Ho(ri'een"(see
Hooriah#.
7. The$ will ea&h be /i4en per'ission %o in%er&ede on behalf of
se4en%$-%wo of %heir rela%i4es.
-. The swee%ness of :'an will ph$si&all$ /low fro' wi%hin %he'.
,hel%erl&
,hi4erin/ _
hura (Ash) The Consultation _.
"The Cons(l%a%ion". ,(rah 62 of %he Hol$ .(r'an.
idrat al_untaha g u_
"The lo%e-%ree of %he f(r%hes% li'i%." A %ree o4er %he ,e4en%h Hea4en
near 2aradise1 %he pla&e where for' ends and be$ond whi&h no
&rea%ed bein/ 'a$ pass. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 An-@a<' (53#E16-1-.
,in&eri%$ _9>|
,inf(l .
,inless_.
,ins a
iraat (As) 1.....m
Ji%erall$ 'eans "road". :% is %he brid/e o4er %he @ar (Hellfire# whi&h
'(s% be &rossed %o en%er %he Aarden on %he "a$ of 8(d/e'en%. :% is
des&ribed in Ahadee%h as bein/ narrower %han %he blade of a sword1
%hinner %han a hair and as ha4in/ hoo+s o4er i% %o sna%&h wron/doers
15-
and %hrow %he' in%o 8ahana'.,o'e will &ross %he ,iraa% in%o %he
Aarden li+e li/h%nin/ or li+e %he wind1 so'e wi%h ease1 so'e wi%h
diffi&(l%$1 so'e wi%h /rea% diffi&(l%$ and so'e will fall in%o %he wai%in/
;ire below. ,ee Hol$ .(r' an1 *aria' (1!#E71.
irah (As) u.
eB%her Co''onl$ )sed ,pellin/sE ,HH3AH^ The wri%in/s of %he
&o'panions of %he 2rophe% (s.a.w.# abo(% hi'1 his personali%$1 his life
s%or$. and his wa$s of handlin/ differen% si%(a%ions is &alled ,irah. The
fa'o(s &olle&%ions of %he ,irah are A%-Tabari1 :bn :shaG1 and :bn
Hisha'. The ,irah is a so(r&e of referen&e %ha% *(sli's rel$ on in %heir
dail$ life si%(a%ions and proble's.
iwa Q
A pie&e of bran&h or roo% of a %ree &alled al-Ara+ (sed as a %oo%hbr(sh.
slander uhtan g.
A false a&&(sa%ion1 &al('n$1 slander.
,la(/h%er g.a -
,la4e - __
,la4er
,la4er$ ,a - __
,la4e-%rade _s u_>.
,l$ness a - S&
,o&iabili%$ u. .>
,o&ial -
,o&ie%$ g>&
,odo'i%e
,oldier
,ole'n g& _s
,ole'ni%$ - .g& g.>
,olidari%$ &m
,oliloG($ > - u&
,lo/an _.
,olo'on p9. a
,ol4en _n&
,onship u.
15!
,oo%hsa$er >& -
,or&erer - >
,or&eress - u> s
,or&er$
,ordid _.
,orrow- _>
,or&er$ aV .
,o% S
,o(ls g_
,o4erei/n%$ ua
The secific reason Asbab An-aul
*+, $
The spe&ifi& reason and &ir&('s%an&es for %he re4ela%ion of 4ario(s
4erses of %he Hol$ .(r'an. ;or eIa'pleE ,(ra% a%- Ta(bah1 A$a% 7!--
(%he s%or$ of Ab( 'AGeel#. :n !AH %he 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah
bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e1 as+ed for &on%rib(%ions %o finan&e his
Tab(+ eIpedi%ion. 9ein/ 4er$ poor1 b(% s%ill $earnin/ %o &on%rib(%e1
Ab( 'AGeel de&ided %o offer his ser4i&es1 whi&h las%ed fro' d(s+ %ill
dawn. He re&ei4ed onl$ %wo handf(ls of barle$ in pa$'en%. He %oo+
%he en%ire pa$'en% and presen%ed i% %o *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless
hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e. A /ro(p of *(nafiGeen (h$po&ri%es# saw %his
and s%ar%ed %o deride Ab( 'AGeel b$ sa$in/1 "Joo+ a% Ab( 'AGeel1 does
he %hin+ %ha% Allah is in need of s(&h a pa%he%i& dona%ionL" Allah Ta'ala
be&a'e so an/r$ wi%h %he' %ha% He i''edia%el$ sen% down %he Hol$
,piri% 8ibreel (The An/el Aabriel#1 pea&e be on hi'1 %o re4eal ,(rah !E
7!-- %o 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi'
pea&e.
,pell '(
endthrift uhl _.
,pend%hrif%. Allah Ta'ala has forbidden 'an+ind %o be ei%her 'isers or
o4er-/enero(s %o a fa(l%. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 ,(war E Al-:sra (17#E26-2!1
Al-;(rGan (25#E67.
(The) sider 'Anaboot (Al) <...S
"The spider" The spider who 'ade i%s web o4er %he Ahar Tha(r (Ca4e
of Tha(r# where %he 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and
/ran% hi' pea&e1 and Ab( 9a+r1 'a$ Allah be pleased wi%h hi'1 hid
fro' %he .(raish on his wa$ %o *adinah. ,(rah 2! of %he Hol$ .(r' an.
,piri%(alis' >_
16
,pleen n
,plendid - g. >s
,plendo(r g. - __
The oils of War Anfaal (Al)
_...V
"The ,poils of Car". ,(rah - of %he Hol$ .(r'an.
,polia%ion g - - mr
,pon%aneo(sl$

_>

-
,G(ad ss - &a.
,%a%eliness g. - &s
,%a%(ar$ _. gm
,%a%(s S&
,%a%(%e - s
,%eadfas% ..- g_
,%ead$..- ..&
,%i&+ler .S& - &
,%in/iness _. - g.
,%in/$ - _. g.
,%oop
,%rai/h%ness _ - &n
,%rai% _m& - _r.
,%ra$ed _m
,%ress - u_>
,%ri&+en S&
,%(bborn
,(a4i%$ s_ - .&a - u9
,(bd(e gm,
ubhan Allah lor be to Allah a
Alor$ be %o Allah. ;ar re'o4ed is He fro' an$%hin/ i'perfe&%
asso&ia%ed wi%h Hi' and far re'o4ed is He fro' an$%hin/ (ns(i%able
as&ribed %o Hi'O
ubhanahu wa Ta'ala . a
161
"*a$ He be Alorified and HIal%ed." Bne of %he 'an$ wa$s of /lorif$in/
Allah %he Al'i/h%$. :% 'eans "Alor$ be %o Allah on Hi/h. ;ar re'o4ed is
He fro' an$ i'perfe&%ion". The shor%ened for' of %his /lorifi&a%ion is
"Allah Ta'ala".
,(b<e&%ion gm> - - gm> a
,(b<e&%i4i%$ .a
,(b<(/a%e gs -
,(bli'i%$ - s_ - _9
,(border s -
,(bordina%es .
,(bseG(en&e .
,(&&ess g>- g9s
,(&&essor >
,(fferan&e u&
ulaiman, eace be uon him a
p9.
,olo'on. A prophe% of :sla' and a wise +in/. He was %he son of %he
2rophe% (and 5in/# "awood ("a4id#1 pea&e be on bo%h of %he'. He
r(led %he nor%h-wes%ern Arabian 2enins(la for abo(% for%$ $ears. Allah
Ta'ala /if%ed hi' wi%h 'an$ powers1whi&h in&l(ded ha4in/ power o4er
%he winds1 bein/ able %o &on4erse wi%h %he birds and an%s and o%her
ani'als1 and ha4in/ power o4er %he e4il 8inn. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 Al-
Anbi$a (21#E 7!--21 An-@a'l (27#E15-661 ,aba (36#E12-161 ,aad
(3-#E3-6.,ee *(rsaleen.
unnah traditionsa.
All %he %radi%ions and pra&%i&es of *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi'
and /ran% hi' pea&e1 %ha% are re&orded no% onl$ in s(&h boo+s as
,ahih 9(+hari and ,ahih *(sli'1 b(% also in li4in/ people %o who'
%hese %radi%ions and pra&%i&es ha4e been %rans'i%%ed1 fro' person %o
person1 fro' %hen (n%il now.Al%ho(/h %he ,(nnah has &o'e %o refer
al'os% eI&l(si4el$ %o %he pra&%i&e of %he *essen/er of Allah1 'a$ Allah
bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e1 i% also &o'prises %he &(s%o's of %he
firs% /enera%ion of *(sli's in *adina. The$ learned %heir :sla' dire&%l$
fro' %he 2rophe%1 no% fro' boo+s1 and %rans'i%%ed wha% %he$ had
learned %o %he neI% /enera%ion. Th(s %he$ ha4e be&o'e 'odels who'
all *(sli's sho(ld follow. The ,(nnah is a &o'ple%e beha4io(rial
s&ien&e %ha% has been s$s%e'a%i&all$ +ep% o(%side %he learnin/
fra'ewor+ of %his so&ie%$. :% &anno% be learned fro' boo+s1 al%ho(/h
boo+s &an be helpf(l. :% &an onl$ be learned fro' real *(sli's who are
%r(e %ea&hers. 2l(ralE ,(nnan.
162
urah u_.......
A &hap%er of %he Hol$ .(r'an. Ji%erall$ 'eans "a for'". There are 116
,(war in %he Hol$ .(r'an. 2l(ralE ,(war.
,(pers%i%ion s>
,(ppli&a%ion gm. - _.
,(ppli&a%ionE :n4o+in/ Allah for wha%e4er one desires.
,(ppor% &
,(rrender - .. p9.
,(s%enan&e
__
,(7erain%$ ua
,wa$ - a
,wear .s - ,>
,wearin/ , - .s
,word , - p.>
,owrd'an
,$lph ,_>
,$''e%r$ _.
,$na/o/(e ag g>&
163
T
Taaghout (l Tawaagheet) <r
The ,haree'ah defini%ion of Taa/ho(% isE _An$one (or an$%hin/# %ha% is
worshipped1 obe$ed or followed o%her %han Allah`. :n o%her words1
Taa/ho(% is a false dei%$ (/od#.
:f so'eone worships a person1 and %ha% person a&&ep%s %o be
worshipped %hen he is Taa/ho(%. Ji+ewise1 if a person 'a+es
le/isla%ion he %oo is Taa/ho(%1 as onl$ Allah has %he ri/h% %o le/isla%e.
Taa/ho(% &an be a r(ler (who does no% r(le b$ :sla'#1 poli&e (who do
no% enfor&e :sla'#1 a s%one1 &ons%i%(%ion1 ani'al1 s&holar (who does
no% <(d/e b$ %he ,haree'ah#1 &elebri%$ e%&.
Choe4er follows or worships %he Taa/ho(%1 he will be&o'e one
hi'self.
Taboo
,. - p&
Tabu Q.
A fa'o(s %own 6 'iles nor%h of *adinah al-*(nawarah &lose %o
,haa'. :n !AH %he *essen/er of Allah1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran%
hi' pea&e1 hearin/ %ha% %he 9$7an%ines were /a%herin/ a lar/e ar'$
%o 'ar&h a/ains% %he *(sli's1 led a lar/e eIpedi%ion %o Tab(+1 on
wha% was %o be his las% &a'pai/n1 onl$ %o find %ha% %he 9$7an%ine ar'$
had wi%hdrawn ba&+ in%o i%s own %erri%or$.
Tadabour editation and consideration

.
Taghabunn (At) utual Loss .
"*(%(al Joss". Ano%her na'e for %he ;inal Ho(n ,(rah 66 of %he Hol$
.(r'an.
Tght <r
E The word T]/hg% &o4ers a wide ran/e 'eanin/sE :% 'eans an$%hin/
worshipped o%her %han %he 3eal Aod (Allah#1 i.e. all %he false dei%ies. :%
'a$ be ,a%an1 de4ils1 idols1 s%ones1 s(n1 s%ars1 an/els1 h('an bein/s
e./. 8es(s1 *essen/ers of Allah1 who were falsel$ worshipped and
%a+en as T]/hg%s. Ji+ewise sain%s1 /ra4es1 r(lers1 leaders1 e%&.1 are
falsel$ worshipped1 and wron/l$ followed.
Tahi _n.
3e&i%a%ion of %he Hol$ .(r'an in a 4er$ slow 'anner. This 'e%hod is
(sed onl$ when one is learnin/ or %ea&hin/ Ta< weed.
Taif ,
A &i%$ fif%$ 'iles eas% of *a++ah1 where %he 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$
Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e1 wen% %o prea&h af%er bein/
166
re<e&%ed1 bea%en and nearl$ +illed b$ %he pa/an .(raish of *a++ah in
%he se&ond $ear before Hi<ra. There %oo he s(ffered bea%in/s and
h('ilia%ion. Bn his re%(rn <o(rne$ %o *a++ah1 Allah Ta'ala re4ealed %o
hi' %ha% al%ho(/h %he people of Taif had re<e&%ed hi'1 %he 8inn had
a&&ep%ed hi'. :% was %hen %ha% ,(rar(l 8inn (,(rah 72# was re4ealed %o
hi'.
Tajweed ,>.
3e&i%a%ion of %he Hol$ .(r'an wi%h pre&ise ar%i&(la%ion and eIa&%
in%ona%ion.
Taathur (Al): .S
"The 3a&e for Corldl$ Aains". ,(rah 12 of %he Hol$ .(r' an.
Taweer (At) The Overthrowing,S
"The B4er%hrowin/". ,(rah -1 of %he Hol$ .(r'an.
Talbia a.
The &all %ha% %he pil/ri's 'a+e %o %heir Jord on %he Ha<<1 sa$in/E
"Jabbai+1 labbai+1 Allah(''a labbai+." (": a' %o%all$ a% ?o(r ser4i&e1 :
a' %o%all$ a% ?o(r ser4i&e1 B Allah : a' %o%all$ a% ?o(r ser4i&e."#
"Ja sharee+a la+a labbai+." ("?o( ha4e no par%ner1 : a' %o%all$ a% ?o(r
ser4i&e."#
":nnal ha'da wa n'i'a%a la+a wal '(l+." ("Tr(l$1 %he praise and %he
blessin/ are ?o(rs1 and %he do'inion."#
"Ja sharee+a la+." ("?o( ha4e no par%ners."#
Tale
u_
Talis'an
.
Talut <.....
5in/ ,a(l. He led his ar'$ a/ains% %he ar'$ of 8al(% (Aolia%h#. ,ee Hol$
.(r'an1 Al-9aGara (2#E267-26!.
Ta'per
. <
Tawa Fear of Allah ......n
;ear of Allah1 bein/ &aref(l1 +nowin/ $o(r pla&e in %he &os'os. :%s
proof is %he eIperien&e of awe1 of Allah1 whi&h inspires a person %o be
on /(ard a/ains% wron/ a&%ion and ea/er for a&%ions pleasin/ %o Allah.
;earin/ Allah as He sho(ld be feared is one of %he 'a<or si/ns of bein/
a fai%hf(l *(sli'. 2ie%$ and res%rain% (%hro(/h TaGwa# in %i'es of
hardship are si/ns of ha4in/ a&hie4ed %he essen&e and spiri% of :sla'1
and %h(s Allah's blessin/. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 Aali ':'ran (3#E12-131A,-
Hashr (5!#E1--1!.
Tari (Al) The ight Visitant __....
"The @i/h% Fisi%an%". ,(rah -6 of %he Hol$ .(r'an.
Tarteel _..
165
*eas(red re&i%a%ion of %he Hol$ .(r'an %a+in/ eI%re'e &are wi%h
re/ard %o %he r(les of slow readin/1 pa(sin/ and s%oppin/ a% e4er$
indi&a%ed poin%.
Tashahhud ..g.
3e&i%in/ %he followin/ silen%l$ while one is in .('(d (i.e. %he si%%in/
posi%ion# d(rin/ ,ala%E "A%%ahi$a%( lillahe wa salawa%( %a$iba%.
Assala'( 'alai+a $a ai(han nabi( wa rah'a%(llahe wa bara+a%(h(. Ca
assala'( 'alaina wa 'ala 'ibadillahe saleheen. Ashad( an :a illaha illal
lah. Ca ashad( anna *(ha''adar rasool(' llah." ("Aree%in/s are for
Allah and all pra$ers and all /ood. 2ea&e be on $o( 2rophe% and %he
*er&$ of Allah and His blessin/. 2ea&e be on (s and on %he ri/h%-a&%in/
sla4es of Allah. : bear wi%ness %ha% %here is no /od eI&ep% Allah1 and :
bear wi%ness %ha% *(ha''ad is %he *essen/er of 1 re&i%a%ion of %he
Tashahh(d is followed b$ re&i%a%ion of ,ala% al-:brahi'i$a. ,ee ,ala%(l-
8ana7a.
Tasneem ..
@a'e of a fo(n%ain in 8annah (2aradise# whose drin+ is s(perior %o %he
p(res% of wines. :%s ne&%ar will onl$ be dr(n+ b$ %hose near es% %o Allah
Ta'ala. Ji%erall$ 'eans "ri&h and ele4a%ed". ,ee Hol$ .(r' an1 Al-
*(%afifeen (-3#E27-2-.
Taubah a.....
3e%(rnin/ %o &orre&% a&%ion af%er error1 %(rnin/ awa$ fro'
wron/ a&%ion %o Allah and as+in/ His ;or/i4eness1
%(rnin/ %o fa&e Allah whereas before one %(rned one's
ba&+.
@a'e of one of %he ei/h% /a%es of 8annah (2aradise#. ,ee
8annah.
"3epen%an&e". Ano%her na'e for Al-9araah. ,(rah ! of %he
Hol$ .(r' an.
Tauhd
>
E :% has %hree aspe&%sK A1 9 and CE
(A# Bneness of %he Jordship of AllahK Ta(hid-ar-3(b(bi$$aE To
belie4e %ha% %here is onl$ one Jord for all %he (ni4erse1 i%s
Crea%or1 Br/ani7er1 2lanner1 ,(s%ainer1 and %he Ai4er of
,e&(ri%$1 e%&.1 and %ha% is Allah.
(9# Bneness of %he worship of AllahK Ta(hid-al-)l(hi$$aE To belie4e
%ha% none has %he ri/h% %o be worshipped ee./. pra$in/1
in4o+in/1 as+in/ for help (fro' %he (nseen#1 swearin/1
sla(/h%erin/ sa&rifi&es1 /i4in/ &hari%$1 fas%in/1 pil/ri'a/e1 e%&.^1
b(% Allah.
(C# Bneness of %he @a'es and %he .(ali%ies of AllahK
Tauhd-al-Asm was-ifat: V >.
<m
166
To belie4e %ha% E (i# we '(s% no% na'e or G(alif$ Allah eI&ep% wi%h
wha% He or His *essen/er saw has na'ed or G(alified Hi'K (ii# none
&an be na'ed or G(alified wi%h %he @a'es or .(alifi&a%ions of AllahK
e./. Al-5ari'K (iii# we '(s% &onfir' Allah's all G(alifi&a%ions whi&h Allah
has s%a%ed in His 9oo+ (%he .(r']n# or 'en%ioned %hro(/h His
*essen/er (*(ha''ad saw# wi%ho(% &han/in/ %he' or i/norin/ %he'
&o'ple%el$ or %wis%in/ %he 'eanin/s or /i4in/ rese'blan&e %o an$ of
%he &rea%ed %hin/sK e./. Allah is presen% o4er His Throne as 'en%ioned
in %he .(r']n. (F. 2 E 5#E "The *os% 9enefi&en% (i.e. Allah# :s%awa (rose
o4er# %he (*i/h%$# Throne" o4er %he se4en%h hea4enK and He onl$
&o'es down o4er %he firs% (neares%# hea4en (%o (s# d(rin/ %he da$ of
'Araf]% (Ha<<1 i.e. !%h "h(l-Hi<<a# and also d(rin/ %he las% %hird par% of
%he ni/h%1 as 'en%ioned b$ %he 2rophe% saw 1 b(% He is wi%h (s b$ His
5nowled/e onl$1 no% b$ His 2ersonal ,elf (9i-"ha%ihi#1 "There is no%hin/
li+e (n%o Hi'1 and He is %he All-Hearer1 %he All-,eer." (The .(r']n1 F.
62E11#.
This hol$ Ferse &onfir's %he G(ali%$ of hearin/ and %he G(ali%$ of si/h%
for Allah wi%ho(% rese'blan&e %o o%hersK and li+ewise He also saidE
"To one who' : ha4e &rea%ed wi%h 9o%h *$ Hands1" (F. 3-E75#K and He
also saidE
"The Hand of Allah is o4er %heir hands."E (F. 6-E11 The .(r']n#. This
&onfir's %wo Hands for Allah1 b(% %here is no si'ilari%$ for %he'.
This is %he ;ai%h of all %r(e belie4ers1 and was %he ;ai%h of all %he
2rophe%s of Allah fro' @oah1 Abraha'1 *oses and Chris% %ill %he las% of
%he 2rophe%s1 *(ha''ad saw . :% is no% li+e as so'e people %hin+ %ha%
Allah is presen% e4er$-where1 here1 %here and e4en inside %he breas%s
of 'en.
These %hree aspe&%s of Ta(hid are in&l(ded in %he 'eanin/s of J] il]ha
ill All]h (none has %he ri/h% %o be worshipped b(% Allah#.
:% is also essen%ial %o follow Allah's *essen/er *(ha''ad saw E Ca<gb
Al-:%%eba' and i% is a par% of Ta(hid-al-)l(hi$$a. This is in&l(ded in %he
'eanin/E ": %es%if$ %ha% *(ha''ad saw is %he *essen/er of Allah" and
%his 'eans1 "@one has %he ri/h% %o be followed af%er Allah's 9oo+ (%he
.(r']n#1 b(% Allah's *essen/er saw ". e,ee %he .(r']n (F. 5!E7# and (F.
3E31#^.
Tawaf ....
The &ir&lin/ of %he Hol$ 5a'aba. Tawaf is done in se%s of se4en &ir&(i%s1
af%er ea&h of whi&h i% is ne&essar$ %o pra$ %wo 3a+'a%1preferabl$ a% or
near %he *aGaa' al-:brahi'. ,ee Tawaf al-:fada.
Tawheed (Al) onotheismThe ivine
nit -"
The "i4ine )ni%$1 )ni%$ in i%s 'os% profo(nd sense. Allah is Bne in His
Hssen&e and His A%%rib(%es and His A&%s. The whole (ni4erse and wha%
i% &on%ains is Bne (nified e4en% whi&h in i%self has no las%in/ reali%$.
167
Allah is %he 3eal1 A:-HaGG. Al%ho(/h Allah is indi4isible and be$ond
&on&ep%ion1 Tawheed &an be 4iewed fro' fo(r dis%in&% perspe&%i4esE
1. Tawheed a:-3(b(bi$ah E )ni%$ of Jordship. To per&ei4e %ha%
%here is onl$ one Jord1 %he *as%er and Crea%or of %he )ni4erse1
Cho o4ersees and orders i% in e4er$ 'o'en%1 and %ha% He is
Allah ,(bhana wa Ta'ala.
2. Tawheed a:-)l(hi$ah E )ni%$ of Corship. To realise %ha% none
has %he ri/h% %o be worshipped b(% Allah "Cahdah( :a
sharee+a'lah" ("Alone wi%ho(% par%ner"#.
3. Tawheed al-As'a wa ,ifaa% E )ni%$ of @a'es and A%%rib(%es of
Allah Ta'ala. To &o'prehend %ha%E
o @one &an G(alif$ or na'e Allah eI&ep% as He or
*(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e1
ha4e na'ed or G(alified Hi'.
o @one &an be na'ed or G(alified wi%h %he @a'es or %he
A%%rib(%es %ha% belon/ onl$ %o Allah ,(bhana wa Ta'ala.
;or eIa'ple1 none 'a$be &alled "A:-*(h$ee" ("%he
Ai4er of Jife"# eI&ep% Allah ,(bhana wa Ta'ala Hi'self.
o Ce '(s% a&&ep% all %he A$a% and Ahadee%h
(,ahih#re/ardin/ %he A%%rib(%es of Allah wi%ho(% al%erin/
%heir 'eanin/ in an$ wa$ wha%soe4er. ;or a f(ll lis% of
%he A%%rib(%es of Allah Ta'ala.
6. Tawheed al-:%abaa E )ni%$ in followin/ %he 2rophe% *(ha''ad1
'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e. To belie4e in and
re&i%e %he words "Ashad( anna *(ha''adar-3asool(llah" (":
bear wi%ness %ha% *(ha''ad is %he *essen/er of Allah"# and
%o follow %he wa$ of %he Hol$ 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 as '(&h as
one is able1 in life and worship. :% is onl$ b$ followin/ %he wa$ of
:sla' %ha% %he %r(e na%(re of Tawhid be&o'es apparen%.
Ano%her na'e for ,(ra%(l :+hlas.
Tawrat: u_...
The re4ela%ion re&ei4ed b$ *oses1 %he Jaw of *oses of%en (sed %o
desi/na%e all %he boo+s of %he Bld Tes%a'en%.
TaI ,m
TaIa%ion m
Taammum
Ta$a''(' li%erall$ 'eans '%o in%end %o do a %hin/'. As an :sla'i&
le/al %er'1 i% refers %o wipin/ one's hands and fa&e wi%h &lean ear%h as
a s(bs%i%(%ion for abl(%ion when wa%er &anno% be ob%ained
Te'eri%$
- s_>&_g.
Te'per
_& - g
Te'peran&e
_ -
16-
Te'pera%e
_& - ,
Te'ple
_S - &
Te'p%a%ion
r
Tenden&$
_&
Tene%
un - -an &
Tension
..
Terri%or$
n& - s
Terror
- g_s _
Ter' _V
Tes%a'en%
m - g - _.&
Tes%if$
g.,
Tes%i'onial
uag.
Tes%i'on$
. - uag.
Thamud a...
,(&&essors %o %he people of 'Ad. The$ li4ed in nor%h-wes%ern Arabia
be%ween wha% is now +nown as *adinah and ,$ria. Their prophe% was
,aleh (pea&e be on hi'#. Allah Ta'ala des%ro$ed %he' wi%h an
ear%hG(a+e. ,ee Hol$ .(r' an1 Al-A'raf (7#E73-7!1 H(d (11#E61-6-1
Ash',h('araa (26#E161-15!1 An-@a'l (27#E65-531 A7-Dari$a% (51#E63-
651Al-.a'ar(56#E23-31.
Theis'
al
Theolo/ians p9S
Theolo/$ p9S
Theosoph$
m.
Thi&+e%
S,
Thrall
- ,a __
Thralldo'
,a - a
Threa%
,g. -
16!
The Throne of Allah'Arsh
The Throne of Allah. The 'Arsh is %he i''ense s%arless hea4en %ha%
en&o'passes %he 4isible )ni4erse1 whi&h is referred %o as %he 5(rsi.
,a$$idina 'Ali1 'a$ Allah he pleased wi%h hi'1 said %ha% %he
rela%ionship of %he 5(rsi %o %he 'Arsh is li+e %ha% of a s'all rin/ l$in/ in
%he 'iddle of a 4as% deser%. This is wh$ 'Arsh is &orre&%l$ %ransla%ed as
'Throne' and 5(rsi as ',ea% or ';oo%-s%ool'1 al%ho(/h so'e%i'es %hose
who are (naware of %he eIis%en&e and na%(re of %he Arsh %ransla%e
5(rsi as 'Throne'.
Th(nder
_
Th(nderbol%
nm
Tidiness
n.
Tilawat <9........
This word has a 4arie%$ of 'eanin/s1 dependin/ on %he &on%eI%E
,%(d$in/ %he .(r'an in order %o (nders%and i% in %he wa$ i%
sho(ld be (nders%ood. ,ee Al-9aGara (2#E121.
*edi%a%in/ and refle&%in/ on %he .(r'an's 'eanin/s in order
%o enri&h one's life and +nowled/e.
3eadin/ and re&i%in/ %he .(r'an b$ oneself.
3eadin/ and re&i%in/ and &on4e$in/ i%s 'eanin/s %o o%hers.
Approa&hin/ and a&%in/ on %he .(r'an in s(&h a wa$ %ha% i%
be&o'es par% of one's inner self1 %h(s helpin/ one %o
a%%ain perfe&% pra$er and %o a4oid an$ for' of e4il or
sha'ef(l deeds and %o be an (pri/h% person in %he si/h%
of Allah Ta'ala. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1Al -'An+aboo%(2!#E65.
Toleran&e g&.
To'b s
Toor The ount _...
"The *o(n%". Toori ,ineen is %he ori/inal na'e for *o(n% ,inai1 on
whi&h %he 2rophe% *(sa (*oses# re&ei4ed %he re4ela%ion of %he Torah
fro' Allah. ,(rah 52 of %he Hol$ .(r' an.
Tor%(re
,.
Tradi%ional
n
Tradi%ions
<. - n.
TranG(ili%$
S -
Trea&hrr$
> - _r
17
Treas(r$
_ .
Trea%'en%
&& - m.
Trea%$
u&
Asabiah tirbal loalt m
:% 'eans %irbal lo$al%$1 na%ionalis'.
Tribe
s - u.
Tribe of lsrael ani lsraeel _ .
"Tribe of :srael". The des&endan%s of %he %wel4e sons of ?a&o(b1 who
was also &alled :sraeel1 %he son of :shaG1 who was1 %he son of %he
2rophe% :brahi'1 pea&e be on %he' all. Ano%her na'e for ,(ra%(l al-
:sra. ,(rah 1 7of %he Hol$ .(r' an.
Trib(%e
,_ - >
Trifles Aba%eel
_.l
Tri('ph
m - _s
Tro%h
& - _.&
Tr(&e H(dnh

Tr(%h
.
The Truthful As-iddi _,m
"The Tr(%hf(l". This %i%le was /i4en %o Ab( 9a+r1 'a$ Allah be pleased
wi%h hi'1 b$ %he Hol$ 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and
/ran% hi' pea&e. Chen %he 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi'
and /ran% hi' pea&e1 rela%ed his eIperien&e of al-:sra (his ni/h%
<o(rne$ %o %he *as<id al-AGsa in 8er(sale'# wal *i'ra< (and his
as&ension %hro(/h %he se4en hea4ens# %o Ab( 9a+r 1 'a$ Allah he
pleased wi%h hi'1 he i''edia%el$ and wi%ho(% an$ reser4a%ion replied
",adaG%" E "?o( ha4e spo+en %he %r(%h". ;ro' %ha% %i'e on1 Ab( 9a+r1
'a$ Allah be pleased wi%h hi'1 &a'e %o be +nown as Ab( 9a+r as-
,iddiG.
The Truthfulness
)*+
Trustworth Ameen
&V
The Hones% E An a%%rib(%e of %he 2rophe% (pea&e be (pon hi'#
Tr(s%$
& - _am
171
T(rban
&
T$ran%
r - L - .&
172

hud >l _))

A 'o(n%ain <(s% o(%side *adina1 '(&h lo4ed b$ %he 2rophe%
*(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e1 a% %he foo% of
whi&h %he *(sli's fo(/h% %heir se&ond 'a<or ba%%le a/ains% %he pa/an
.(r'aish of *a++a in 3AH. The .(r'aish ar'$ of 31 'en1 (nder %he
leadership of Ab( ,(f$an1 a%%a&+ed %he *(sli' ar'$ of abo(% 7-
11 'en. The ba%%le wen% well a% firs%1 b(% %he *(sli's nearl$ los%
%he ba%%le for %wo reasons. ;irs%l$1 so'e fif%$ ar&hers disobe$ed %he
2rophe% *(ha''ad and lef% %heir pos%s1 lea4in/ %he *(sli's open %o
an a%%a&+ fro' %heir rearK and se&ondl$1 %here was %rea&her$ on %he
par% of so'e 3 *(nafiGeen (h$po&ri%es# led b$ 'Abdallah ibn )bai1
who deser%ed %he *(sli's d(rin/ %he ba%%le. *an$ /rea% &o'panions1
and in pani&(lar %he (n&le of %he 2rophe%1 Ha'7a1 '%he lion of Allah'1
were +illed in %his ba%%le. ,ee 9ani @adheer. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 Aali
':'ran (3#E121-12-1 16- 1-.
lil 'Amr &V l
*(sli's who are in &har/e or in a(%hon%$1 or who are leaders. The
*(sli's are ordered %o obe$ all %heir &o''ands as lon/ as %he$ do
no% &on%radi&% %he &o''and'en%s of Allah Ta'ala and %he %ea&hin/s of
%he Hol$ 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi'
pea&e. ,ee Hol$ .(r' an1 An-@isaa (6#E5!.
mar lbn Al-hattab, a Allah be leased with
him
.
)'ar ibn al-5ha%%ab. The se&ond of %he fo(r "Al-5h(lafaa ar-
3ashideen"1 %he 3i/h%l$-A(ided 5halifas1 %he o%her %hree bein/E
1. Ab( 9a+r as-,iddiG.
2. )%h'an ibn 'Affan.
3. Ali ibn Abi Talib.
*a$ Allah be pleased wi%h all of %he'. )'ar was renowned for his
<(s%ness and s%ren/%h1 and for his ref(sal %o &o'pro'ise %he %ea&hin/s
of :sla' in an$ wa$. He was %he 5halifaa fro' 13AH %o 23 AH. He
as+ed Allah for 'ar%$rdo' in %he wa$ of Allah in *adina1 and his
reG(es% was answered. )'ar died af%er be in/ s%abbed in %he s%o'a&h
while doin/ %he dawn pra$er in %he *osG(e of %he 2rophe%1 'a$ Allah
bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e.
mm'me &V
An (nle%%ered person. This %er' is (sed in %he .(r'an %o des&ribe %he
Hol$ 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e1
who &o(ld nei%her read nor wri%e and who ne4er re&ei4ed an$ for'al
ed(&a%ion. To %he (nbelie4er here is food for %ho(/h%E how &o(ld an
illi%era%e 'an ha4e bro(/h% s(&h a &o'ple%el$ perfe&% boo+ (%he Hol$
.(r'an#1 perfe&% in i%s 'eanin/1 'essa/e1 /ra''ar and o4erall
&on%en%1 if i% were no% wi%h di4ine helpL @o o%her boo+ eIis%s on ear%h
%ha% has s(&h perfe&% &on%en% and s%r(&%(re. A &hallen/e %o all
173
(nbelie4ersO *an+ind and 8innO Asse'ble %o/e%her and %r$ %o prod(&e
<(s% one ,(rah (&hap%er# li+e i%. ?o( will ne4er be able %o do i%1 e4en if
$o( were %o %r$ (n%il %he "a$ of 3es(rre&%ion $o( will no% s(&&eedO @o
&rea%ed bein/ has e4er been or e4er will be able %o 'ee% %his
&hallen/e1 for %he Hol$ .(r'an is %r(l$ %he 9oo+ of Allah. 2l(ralE
)''i$een. ,ee 5ha%a' Anbi$aa.
The maad Calihs (40-132 AH}661-750 A)
,&V s9
The )'a$$ad Caliphs (6-132 A.H./661-75 A.".# E The *(sli'
)'a$$ad Caliphs belon/ %o %he 9an( )'a$$ah of %he .(raish. The
firs% a'on/ %he' was *(0awiah bin Abi ,(f$an and %he las% was
*arwan ::. "a'as&(s was %heir &api%al. Af%er bein/ o4er&o'e b$ %he
Abbasids1 %he$ 'o4ed %o Andal(sia and r(led in Cordoba fro' 13--622
A.H./756-131 A.". Their firs% r(ler in Andal(sia was 0Abd(l-3ah'an
Al-"a+hil. Their r(le was bro(/h% %o an end a% %he hands of *(l(+ Al-
Tawa'if (5in/s of 2e%%$ ,%a%es#.
mmah ation a....&l
Co''(ni%$ or @a%ion. The bod$ of %he *(sli's as one dis%in&% and
in%e/ra%ed &o''(ni%$. The )ni'ah of *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless
hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e1 refers %o e4er$ :ns wal 8inn ('an+ind and
8inn# born af%er %he final 'essa/e was re4ealed %hro(/h %he Hol$
2rophe% *(ha''ad who ha4e e'bra&ed :sla'. The )''ah
of*(ha''ad1 'a$ %he blessin/s and pea&e of Allah be on hi' and all
his &o''(ni%$ (%hose who ha4e li4ed in %he pas%1 %hose who are ali4e
now and %hose who will li4e in %he f(%(re#1 &an be s(bdi4ided in%o %wo
/ro(psE
1. )''a% ad-"a'wa - %he na%ion %ha% was &alled (pon %o belie4e in
Allah Ta'ala and %he Jas% "a$.
2. )''a% al-:s%ea<aba - %he na%ion %ha% responded %o %he &all of
*(ha''ad. Ano%her na'e for %his )''ah is "Al- )''ah al-
:sla'iah" ("%he :sla'i& @a%ion"#. Allah ,(bhana wa Ta'ala
&o''anded %he )''a% al-:s%ea<aba %o hold %o/e%her and no%
%o disa/ree. )nfon(na%el$ 1 %his de&ree has been i/nored1 and
in f(lfil'en% of %he Jas% *essen/er's prophe&$1 'a$ Allah bless
hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e1 %here are now 73 differen% /ro(ps of
*(sli's1 onl$ one of who' possesses and pro%e&%s %he ori/inal
%ea&hin/s of :sla' as bro(/h% and e'bodied b$ hi'.
mmieen nlettered ersons &l
)nle%%ered persons. ,in/(larE )''-'e.
mra u......
A pil/ri'a/e %o *a++ah1 b(% no% d(rin/ %he Ha<< period. :% is
also &alled "%he Jesser 2il/ri'a/e". )'ra &onsis%s of fo(r s%epsE
1.
2(% on %he :hra' a% %he appoin%ed *iGa% s%a%ion. Then
pro&eed %o *a++a re&i%in/ %he Talbi$ah (alo(d for 'en
and G(ie%l$ for wo'en#. ,ee :hra'1 *iGa%. Talbi$ah.
176
2.
"o Tawaf of %he 5a'aba se4en %i'es. "(rin/ %he Tawaf
one 'a$ do an$ "('a (and in an$ lan/(a/e# %o Allah
Ta'ala if one wishes. 9(% re'e'ber %o poin% %he pal' of
%he ri/h% hand and sa$ "Allah( A+bar" a% %he s%ar% of
ea&h &ir&(i%. Ha&h &ir&(i% s%ar%s and ends a% %he Ha<ar al-
Aswad (%he 9la&+ ,%one#. ,ee Tawaf1 "('a.
3. Ao %o ,afa and s%ar% %he ,a'i %o *arwa. The ,a'i &onsis%s
of wal+in/ be%ween ,afa and *arwa se4en %i'es (ea&h
dire&%ion is &onsidered as one %i'e#. *en '(s% <o/
be%ween %wo pres&ribed poin%s.
6. ,ha4e or %ri' %he hair af%er %he &o'ple%ion of %he ,a'i. :%
is %hen per'issible %o &han/e o(% of lhra'.

,$non$' for 3(Gba. ,ee 3(Gba.

)ndisp(%ed
a. .&
)nerrin/
pm&
)nfair
- L
)nified
>&
)niG(e
,s
)ni4erse
S
)(lawf(l
. r - p>
)nG(alified
V ,
)nread
&
)nreser4ed
g,m - &
)nres%
m - _s
The nseen
1. ':l'(l Ahaib E 5nowled/e of %he )nseen. @o h('an has ':l'(l
Ahaib. Bnl$ Allah Ta' ala has %o%al &o''and of %ha% +nowled/e.
2. 9i: Ahaib E :n %he (nseen. All *(sli's belie4e in %he )nseen1 i.e.
all %ha% is re4ealed %o (s b$ Allah Ta'ala in %he Hol$ .(r'an and
b$ %he Hol$ 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and
/ran% hi' pea&e1 abo(% %he *alai+a (an/els# and %he life in %he
A+hira (Hereaf%er# in all i%s aspe&%s1 e4en %ho(/h %he$ are
in4isible %o o(r e$es. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 Al-9aGara (2#E3.
)prisin/ m
)rbani7a%ion m.
175
)sa/e
_ ua - - n. -

)s(rer
.&
)s(r$
.
thman lbn 'Affan, ma Allah be leased with
him
a m_ . . a
Bne of %he /rea%es% &o'panions of %he 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah
bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e. He was %he %hird of %he fo(r 3i/h%l$-
A(ided 5halifaas (Al-5h(lafaa ar- 3ashideen#. He r(led fro' 26AH %o
36AH. He was 'ar%$red a% his ho'e b$ %he s(ppor%ers of Abdallah ibn
,abaa1 %he infa'o(s 8ew who pre%ended he had be&o'e a *(sli' in
order %o &a(se dis&ord be%ween )%h'an and %he *(sli' )''ah b$
&rea%in/ a new and false se&% wi%hin :sla'. ,ee 5halifaa.
V
Fain
_. - <
Fani%ies Aba%eel
_.l
Fain/lor$
_r r
Falian%
g>. - ,m
Falid
. - s
Falidi%$
. - s - _m
Faloro(s
_. - _.
Falo(r
u - ->. l.
Fal(able
. -
Fal(e
. s -
Fariable
- & _&
Farian&e
9> - ,.
Fassal
sV g__
176
Fa(l%
a
Fenerable
- p& _>&
Fenera%ion
p> - pS
Fen/ean&e
pn - _l.
Fen%(re
s_>& - u&&
Ferbal
- g. L
verdict Hum S> s
The &loses% eG(i4alen% in %he Hn/lish lan/(a/e is "4erdi&%". :% (s(all$
applies %o a <(d/e'en% on le/al iss(es1 espe&iall$ wi%h re/ard %o
reli/io(s 'a%%ers.
Ferifi&a%ion
_n. ..
Feri%$
m _m
Verse Aah ,l
A 4erse of %he Hol$ .(r'an. Ji%erall$ 'eans "a si/n". 2l(ralE A$a%.
Fer4e
> - >
Fes%al
- _ - _
Fi&ar
.s
Fi&%or
r - m&
Fi&%or$
- m
Findi&a%ion
- ,. S_.
Fiola%ion
mr - _n
Fiola%ors
<& Sg&
Fiolen&e
- , u.s
Fir/in
S. - _
Fir%(al
nn> - - _s
Fi%(e
ms
177
Fisible
_L& - l&
Fi%ia%ion
a.s - 9.
17-
Viier ,_
Fi7ier is %he An/li&i7ed for' of %he Arabi& word wa7ir1 a 'inis%er1
(s(all$ &hief 'inis%er1 %o a Caliph or *(sli' r(ler or s(l%an. Bn
o&&asion a 4i7ier was in effe&% %he /o4ernor.
Fo&a%ion
u
Foli%ion
ua_ - .& - _>
Fol(n%ar$
. - _> - a_
Fol(n%eer
g&
Fora&i%$
. - g
For%eI
- _m &a
Fo%ar$
,
W
Ca/
&
Wail _S
B%her Co''onl$ )sed ,pellin/sE CA5HHJ A person who is an
a(%hori7ed repesen%a%i4e or proI$. Also &an 'ean law$er in )rd(.
Walee A guardian .....
A /(ardian1 aperson who has responsibili%$ for ano%her personK (sed
par%i&(larl$ for %he person who '/i4es' a wo'an in 'arria/e. Also
so'eone who is a 'friend' of Allah1 one of %he ,abiGoon and
*(Garraboon. ,in/(lar of Awli$aa. ,ee Awli$aa.
Car
>
Cariness
_>
Carnin/
,.
Carran%able
_9> - g&
Carrior
_&
Wasaa Wills and testaments am
Cills and %es%a'en%s. 9eG(es%s. Allah Ta'ala &o''ands (s %o 'a+e a
beG(es% of o(r /oods %o o(r paren%s and neI% of +in. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1
Al-9aGara (2#E1-. The eIa&% 'anner of dis%rib(%ion of one's /oods is
&o'pli&a%ed and %herefore sho(ld be s%(died 4er$ &aref(ll$ before
17!
wri%in/ o(% one's will. 9asi&all$ one &an beG(ea%h (p %o one-%hird of
one's proper%$ %o who'e4er one wishes1 b(% %he re'ainin/ %wo-%hirds
'(s% be di4ided be%ween one's s(r4i4in/ rela%i4es in fiIed shares1 as
delinea%ed b$ %he .(r'an and %he ,(nnah. ,in/(larE Casa$a.
Washm Tattoo mar .
Ta%%oo 'ar+. :% is forbidden for a *(sli' %o ha4e a %a%%oo on his or her
bod$. Cas' N %a%%oo.
Cas%ef(l
_&
Ca$farer
_ .
Ceal
>_- >
Celfare
s_ ua
Chi'
- _&
Cill
ua_ - .&
Cisdo'
-S> s
Cise
_s
Ci%hdrawal
- aa
Ci%ness
g..
Witr ....
A ,ala% whi&h has an odd n('ber of 3a+'a%E %wo 3a+'a%1 followed b$
one 3a+'a. This ,ala% is pra$ed las% %hin/ a% ni/h% before one /oes %o
sleep1 or else dela$ed and pra$ed a% %he end of %he Taha<<(d ,ala% b$
%hose who rise in %he ni/h%1 see+in/ %he pleas(re and %he fa&e of Allah
Ta'ala.
Ci7ard
> >&
Worshi lbadah ua........
A&%s of worship and adora%ion in (%'os% s(b'ission and obedien&e
and wi%h (%'os% lo4e %o Allah Ta'ala. :n o%her words1 a %er' %ha%
indi&a%es all %ha% pleases Allah1 in&l(din/ sa$in/s and a&%ions of %he
hear% or li'bs. Jo4e1 fear1 re4eren&e1 desire (hope#1 %r(s% and sin&eri%$
are so'e for's of worship fro' wi%hin %he hear%. 2ra$ers1 a%%endin/ %o
so'eone's needs1 in4o&a%ion1 s(ppli&a%ion and sa&rifi&es are so'e
for's of worship of %he li'bs. :badah is %o worship Allah as He wishes
%o be worshipped. ,ee Ar+an .
Corshipf(l
_>&
1-
Corshipper
.
Cor%h
- s _ms
Cor%hiness
_n-
Co(nd
g
Cra%hf(l
1> - mr
Crea+
n
Cres%le
- gS gm
Cron/doer
.V _s
Cron/f(l
.&
Wudu .......m
3i%(al washin/ wi%h wa%er alone %o be p(re for %he pra$er. The wa$ %o
do C(d( isE
1. Cash hands %hri&ej.
2. Cash 'o(%h %hri&ej.
3. Cash nos%rils %hri&ej.
6. Cash fa&e %hri&ej.
5. Cash ri/h% forear' %hri&ej.
6. Cash lef% forear' %hri&ej.
7. Cipe s&alp and nape of ne&+ and %hen ears on&e1(or %wi&e or
%hri&e#.
-. Cash ri/h% foo% %hri&ej.
!. Cash lef% foo% %hri&ej.
jBn&e or %wi&e is also allowed. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 An-@isa (6#E631 Al-
*a'idah (5#E7. ?o( '(s% alread$ be in Ah(sl for C(d( %o be effe&%i4e.
?o( sho(ld ens(re %ha% $o(r pri4a%e par%s and (nder&lo%hes are &lean
before doin/ C(d(. Bn&e $o( ha4e done C(d( $o( re'ain in C(d(
(n%il i% is bro+en b$E
1.
An$ of %he &ondi%ions whi&h 'a+e i% ne&essar$ %o ha4e a Ah(sl.
,ee Ah(sl.
2. H'ission of i'p(ri%ies fro' %he pri4a%e par%sE (rine1 fae&es1
wind1 pros%a%i& fl(id1 or o%her dis&har/e.
3. Joss of &ons&io(sness b$ wha%e4er 'eansE (s(all$ b$ sleep or
fain%in/.
6. 2h$si&al &on%a&% be%ween 'an and wo'an where seI(al
pleas(re is ei%her in%ended or eIperien&ed.
5. To(&hin/ $o(r penis wi%h %he inside of $o(r hand or fin/ers.
6. Jea4in/ :sla'.
1-1
:% is ne&essar$ %o be in Ah(sl and in C(d( (or al%erna%i4el$ %o do
Ta$a''(' (nder &er%ain &ir&('s%an&es# %o do %he ,ala% (2ra$er# and
%o hold a &op$ of %he .(r'an. ,ee Ta$a''(' .
Wusta m ))
*iddle. ,ala%(l C(s%a refers %o %he 'iddle pra$er1 whi&h is %he 'Asr
pra$er (%he %hird of %he fi4e &o'p(lsor$ dail$ pra$ers#1 for %hose whose
da$ be/ins a% dawn. Howe4er1 so'e sa$ i% refers %o %he ;a<r pra$er.
This is be&a(se %he *(sli's follow a l(nar &alendarE %he firs% da$ of a
new l(nar 'on%h is onl$ de%er'ined when %he new 'oon is si/h%ed
shor%l$ af%er s(nse%. Therefore %he *(sli' da$ be/ins a% *a/hreb1 and
%he firs% pra$er of %ha% new da$ is *a/hreb1 whi&h 'a+es %he %hird
('iddle# pra$er ;a<r.
1-2

acoub, Peace be uon him a n,

p9.
8a&ob. A prophe% of :sla'. He was also +nown as :srael. His %wel4e sons
ea&h be&a'e head of %heir own %ribe and %hese were +nown as %he
%wel4e %ribes of :srael. 8a&ob was %he son of :shaaG1 who was %he son of
:brahi' (Abraha'#1 pea&e be on %he'. ,ee *(rsaleen.
ahoud The ews a......g,
The 8ews. This %er' is &orre&%l$ (sed %o des&ribe %he %hree %ribes of
:srael - %he %ribes of 8(dah1 Je4i and 9en<a'in - who af%er %he %wel4e
%ribes had es&aped fro' H/$p% wi%h *oses1 pea&e be on hi'1 and
se%%led in %he Hol$ Jand1 separa%ed fro' %he o%her %ribes of :srael (who
were +nown as %he :sraeli%es# and be&a'e +nown as %he 8(dahi%es. The
%er' '8(dahi%e' was shor%ened %o '8(dean'1 whi&h was %hen e4en%(all$
shor%ened %o '8ew'. The 8(dahi%e 8ews re-wro%e and al%ered %he Torah
se4eral %i'es and for'(la%ed %he Tal'(d (in&orpora%in/ %he *ishnah1
%he 8er(sale' Ae'ara1 %he 9ab$lonian Ae'ara and %he *idrash#1 and
%heir reli/ion be&a'e +nown as 8(dais'. '?aho(d' is %he Arabi&
eG(i4alen% of '8(dahi%e'. :% is &lear1 %herefore1 %ha% %he %er' '?aho(d'
&an onl$ reall$ be &orre&%l$ (sed %o des&ribe %he *iddle Has%ern and
,ephardhi& 8ewsK and &an onl$ be 4er$ loosel$ applied %o %he
Ash+ena7i' 8ews who are des&ended fro' %he %(r+i& 3(ssian %ribe of
%he 5ha7ars who e'bra&ed 8(dais' in %he se4en%h &en%(r$1 b(% who
were no% ori/inall$ des&ended fro' an$ of %he %wel4e %ribes of :srael. :%
is for %his reason %ha% so'e &o''en%a%ors iden%if$ %he Ash+ena7i'
8ews wi%h '8ew< wa *a<ew<'1 Ao/ and *a/o/1 (sin&e %he$ are '8ews'1 b(%
no% 8(dahi%e 8ews#1 abo(% who' i% is prophesied in H7e+iel 3--3! %ha%
%he$ will &o'e fro' %heir pla&e in %he far nor%h (3(ssia#1 helped b$
'an$ na%ions1 and a%%a&+ %he land of :srael1 and %ha% e4en%(all$ %here
will be a 'i/h%l$ ba%%le in whi&h %he$ will all be des%ro$ed.
aha, Peace be uon him p9. a ,
8ohn %he 9ap%is%. A prophe% of :sla'. ,on of %he 2rophe% Da+aria and
Al-?asaaba% (Hli7abe%h#1 and %he 'a%ernal &o(sin of *aria' (*ar$#1
*o%her of :sa (8es(s#1 pea&e be on all of %he'. He was %herefore a
&o(sin of %he 2rophe% :sa (8es(s#1 ,on of *aria' (*ar$#. He was sen%
b$ Allah Ta'ala %o prepare %he wa$ for %he 2rophe% :sa. The 2rophe%
?ah$a was i'prisoned1 %hen la%er beheaded b$ Herod in order %o
pro4e his infa%(a%ion for a dan&in/ /irl (his nie&e#. :% is (nfor%(na%e
%ha% %he @asara (Chris%ians# &hoose %o &all hi' 8ohn1 be&a(se %he
na'e ?ah$a has a spe&ial pla&e in his%or$. He was %he firs% 'an e4er
%o be &alled ?ah$a. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 Aali':'ran (3#E3!1Al-An'a' (6#E-51
*ar$a' (1!#E12-151 Al-Anbi$a (2l#E!-!1.
armu Q&
A pla&e in ,haa'. ,i%e of a fa'o(s ba%%le.
1-3
aum al-jaa _> p,
Ji%erall$ 'eans %he "a$ of 2a$'en%. Ano%her na'e for %he "a$ of
8(d/e'en%1 when 'an+ind and 8inn will be paid wha% is d(e %o %he'1
ei%her b$ bein/ sen% %o 8annah (2aradise# or %o @ar (Hellfire#.
aum-al-iama a&n p,
Ji%erall$ 'eans %he "a$ of ,%andin/. This is %he da$ when we will be
raised fro' o(r /ra4es and will s%and while wai%in/ %o be <(d/ed b$
Allah Ta'ala. This da$ has 'an$ na'es1 in&l(din/E
1. Al-.ari'a ("a$ of Cla'o(r#.
2. A%-Taa'a al-5(bra (The Co'ple%e Co4erin/#. ;or a &o'ple%e
lis% of %he na'es and des&rip%ion of %he ?a(' al-.ia'a.
aeen Certaint n,
Cer%ain%$. ;ai%h in /eneral is based on %he ?aGeen of %he belie4er. :%
has %hree s%a/esE
1. :l' al-?aGeen - +nowled/e of &er%ain%$.
2. A$n al-?aGeen - so(r&e of &er%ain%$.
3. HaGG al-?aGeen - %r(%h of &er%ain%$.
The 3a<a of *ah'(dabad defined %he' %h(s in %his 'e%aphorE
1. ?o( are %old %here is a fire in %he fores%.
2. ?o( rea&h %he fire in %he fores% and see i% for $o(rself.
3. ?o( are %he fire in %he fores%.
,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 Al-Hi<r (15#E!!
atama Orhans &
Brphans. ,in/(larE ?a%ee'. ,ee ?a%ee'.
ateem Orhan ,
Brphan. :% is a 'a<or sin %o har'1 ab(se or &hea% orphans in an$ wa$
wha%soe4er. Allah Ta'ala will /i4e a /rea% reward %o an$one who %a+es
&are of orphans. 2l(ralE ?a%a'a. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1Al-9aGara(2#E221 An-
@isa(6#E2161111271Al-:sra (17#E36.
athrib
.,
?a%hrib E The old na'e of *edina
unus, , Peace be uon him a ,
p9.
"8onah" or "8onas". A prophe% of :sla'. He was sen% %o %he &i%$ of
@ine4eh (on %he lef% ban+ of %he Ti/ris1 opposi%e %he &i%$ of *os(l1 in
:raG1 %o prea&h a/ains% %heir wi&+edness and &all %he' %o %he worship
of Allah. The people of @ine4eh a% firs% re<e&%ed hi'1 b(% when he
prono(n&ed %he &(rse of Allah (pon %he'1 repen%ed %heir sins.
Howe4er1 he s%ill lef% %he &i%$ in an/er1 for/e%%in/ %ha% Allah is f(ll of
'er&$1 as well as for/i4eness. As a p(nish'en%1 Allah Ta'ala &a(sed a
whale %o swallow hi' (p for a li'i%ed %i'e. :n %he dar+ness of %he
whale's s%o'a&h1 in %he dar+ness of %he o&ean1 in %he dar+ness of %he
ni/h%1 ?(n(s %(rned %o his Jord and as+ed for His for/i4eness. The
1-6
whale spewed hi' (p on %he bea&h and1 af%er re&o4erin/ fro' his
ordeal1 ?(n(s re%(rned %o %he &i%$ whose inhabi%an%s all be&a'e his
followers. He %hen &a'e %o be +nown as "h('l-@oon ('an of %he
whale#. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 As-,affa a%(37#E13!-16!. ,(rah 1 of %he Hol$
.(r'an. ,ee *(rsaleen.
usuf, , Peace be uon him a ,,
p9.
"8oseph". A prophe% of :sla'. Bne of %he sons of ?a&o(b (8a&ob#1 pea&e
be on %he'. ,(rah 12 of %he Hol$ .(r'an. ,eeE *(rsaleen.
Z
Zaboor _........_
Hol$ 9oo+ re4ealed %o %he 2rophe% "awood ("a4id#1 pea&e be on hi'.
Zaid a._> . ,_
Daid ibn Hari%ha was one of %he firs% people %o a&&ep% :sla'. He was a
freed'an of %he 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ Allah bless hi' and /ran%
hi' pea&e1 who %rea%ed hi' li+e his own son. :n %he ei/h%h $ear before
Hi<ra1 %he 2rophe% *(ha''ad1 'a$ %he pea&e and blessin/s of Allah
be (pon hi'1 /a4e %o Daid in 'arria/e his own &o(sin Dainab bin%
8ahsh. The 'arria/e ended in di4or&e. :% was Allah Ta'ala's will %ha% %he
Hol$ 2rophe% hi'self sho(ld 'arr$ her. The 2rophe% *(ha''ad's
'arria/e %o her1 in 5AH1 'ade i% &lear %ha% an adop%ed son is no% %o be
le/all$ re/arded as a na%(ral son as re/ards re-'arria/e and
inheri%an&e. :f Daid had been %he 2rophe%'s na%(ral son1 %hen %he
2rophe% wo(ld no% ha4e been allowed %o 'arr$ Dainab1 sin&e a 'an is
no% per'i%%ed %o 'arr$ %he eI-wife of his na%(ral son. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1
Al-Ah7ab (33#E37-3-.
Zainab (int ahsh) _ . ,_
Cife of Daid ibn Hari%ha. ,he la%er 'arried %he Hol$ 2rophe%1 'a$ Allah
bless hi' and /ran% hi' pea&e. ;or f(r%her infor'a%ion ,ee Daid ibn
Hari%ha. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 Al-Ah7ab (33#E2-1 37-3-1 5.
Zaariah, Peace be on him p9. a ,S_
The 2rophe% Da&&hariah. A prophe% of :sla'. He loo+ed af%er *ar$a'1
%he 'o%her of 8es(s1 in %he Te'ple of ,olo'on1 when she was a &hild.
He was %he fa%her of %he 2rophe% ?ah$a1 pea&e be on %he' all.
Zallah A major error a...._
A 'a<or error1 e./. (nin%en%ional ba&+bi%in/. Aenerall$ spea+in/1 a
person see+s Allah's for/i4eness i''edia%el$ af%er reali7in/ %ha% he or
she has &o''i%%ed a Dallah.
Zaum p....s_
An eI%re'el$ bi%%er and %horn$ %ree %ha% /rows a% %he bo%%o' of
Hellfire. ,ee Hol$ .(r'an1 Al-:sra (17#E61 As-,affa% (37#E62- 661 Ad-
"(+han (66#E63-661 Al-CaGi'ah (56#E52.
1-5
Deal
ur >
Dealo(s
_r m&
Zindee _,_
H$po&ri%e or (nbelie4er. An$one who does no% belie4e in Allah and
who re<e&%s His *essen/ers1 'a$ Allah bless %he' and /ran% %he'
pea&e
Dion gm
Dionis' gm
Zoor __
Ai4in/ false e4iden&e. The a&% of &o''i%%in/ per<(r$.
Zuhruff (Al) The old Ornaments >_
"The Aold Brna'en%s". ,(rah 63 of %he Hol$ .(r'an.
Zummar (Al) The Troos u&_
"The Troops". ,(rah 3! of %he Hol$ .(r'an.
1-6

n
g
lish- Arabic
.......
>& &9p <m
. - _>|
Anwer ahmoud Zanat
._ a& _.l
1-7
lossar of lslamic Terms
&9V <m >&
1--