MUSCLES OF FACIAL EXPRESSION

MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION

frontalis galea aponeurotica skin of eybrows and raises eyebrows,
nose wrinkles forehead skin

orbicularis oculi frontal and maxillary skin of eyelid blinking, squinting,

bone forceful closing of
eyelids
orbicularis oris fibers of other mouth muscles and skin at closes and protrudes
muscles angle of the mouth lips

platysma pectoralis and deltoid lower border of the depresses mandible,

fascia mandible, mouth skin draws angle of mouth
and muscle downward, tightens
skin of the neck

MUSCLES OF MASTICATION
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION
masseter zygomatic arch mandible elevates mandible

temporalis temporal fossa of the coronoid process of the elevates and retracts
temporal bone mandible mandible

MUSCLES OF THE NECK

MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION
Sternocleidomastoid manubrium of sternum mastoid process of the both muscles acting
and medial clavicle temporal bone together flex cervical
vertebral column,
acting alone rotates
head to the opposite
side

MUSCLES OF THE THORACIC WALL

MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION
pectoralis minor ribs 3-5 coracoid process of the depresses and pulls
scapula scapula anteriorly
external intercostals inferior border of ribs superior border of ribs elevate and expand rib
cage
internal intercostals superior border of ribs inferior border of ribs depress rib cage

serratus anterior ribs vertebral border of the draws scapula forward

scapula along thoracic wall,
rotates scapula
 MUSCLES OF THE ABDOMINAL WALL
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION
external abdominal lower eight ribs linea alba, aponeurosis compresses abdominal
oblique of the external contents, assists in
abdominal oblique flexion and rotation of
vertebral column

internal abdominal lumbodorsal fascia, linea alba, aponeurosis same as external

oblique iliac crest of internal abdominal abdominal oblique
oblique

rectus abdominis pubic crest and pubic ribs and xiphoid flexes vertebral
symphysis process column, compresses
abdominal contents

MUSCLES OF THE PECTORAL GIRDLE

MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION
trapezius occipital bone, cervical lateral 1/3 of clavicle elevates, depresses,
and thoracic vertebrae and scapular spine and rotates, adducts
acromion scapula

deltoid clavicle, acromion and deltoid tuberosity of abducts; flexes and

spine of scapula the humerus medially rotates;
extends and laterally
rotates arm

latissimus dorsi lumbodorsal fascia via intertubercular groove extends, adducts, and
thoracic and lumbar of the humerus medially rotates arm
vertebrae, sacrum,
ilium

pectoralis major sternum, clavicle, and greater tubercle and flexes, medially
ribs along intertubercular rotates, and adducts
groove of the humerus arm
 MUSCLES ASSOCIATED WITH THE SCAPULA
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION
levator scapula transverse processes of superior angle and elevates scapula
cervical vertebrae vertebral border of the
scapula
rhomboid major and spinous processes of vertebral border of the adducts, rotates
minor thoracic vertebrae scapula scapula

supraspinatus supraspinous fossa of greater tubercle of the arm abduction

the scapula humerus

infraspinatus infraspinous fossa of greater tubercle of the laterally rotates arm

the scapula humerus

teres major inferior angle of lesser tubercle of the adducts, extends and
scapula humerus medially rotates arm

teres minor lateral border of greater tubercle of the laterally rotates arm
scapula humerus

subscapularis subscapular fossa of lesser tubercle of the medially rotates arm

the scapula humerus

MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF THE ARM

MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION
biceps brachii flexes arm and
long head supraglenoid tubercle radial tuberosity of the forearm, supinates
of the scapula radius forearm
short head coracoid process of the
scapula

brachialis anterior humerus coronoid process of the flexes forearm

ulna

coracobrachialis coracoid process of the medial humerus flexes arm

scapula
 MUSCLES OF THE POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF THE ARM
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION
triceps brachii
long head infraglenoid tubercle of olecranon process of extends arm and
the scapula the ulna forearm
lateral head posterior humerus olecranon process of forearm extension
the ulna
medial head posterior humerus olecranon process of forearm extension
the ulna

MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF THE FOREARM

MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION
pronator teres medial epicondyle of radius pronates forearm
the humerus
flexor carpi radialis medial epicondyle of metacarpals flexes and abducts
the humerus hand
palmaris longus medial epicondyle of palmar aponeurosis flexes hand
the humerus

flexor carpi ulnaris medial epicondyle of carpal and metacarpals flexes and adducts
the humerus hand
flexor digitorum medial epicondyle of middle phalanges 2nd flexes phalanges
superficialis the humerus to 5th digit

flexor digitorum ulna and interosseus distal phalanges 2nd to flexes phalanges
profundus membrane 5th digit
flexor pollicis longus anterior radius and distal phalanx of the flexes thumb
interosseus membrane thumb
pronator quadratus distal and anterior distal and anterior pronates forearm, hold
ulnar shaft radius radius and ulna
together
 MUSCLES OF THE POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF THE FOREARM
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION
brachioradialis lateral supracondylar styloid process of the flexes forearm
ridge of the humerus radius

extensor carpi radialis lateral supracondylar second metacarpal extends and abducts
longus ridge of the humerus bone hand

extensor carpi radialis lateral epicondyle of third metacarpal extends and abducts
brevis the humerus hand

extensor digitorum lateral epicondyle of middle and distal extends fingers and
the humerus phalanges of medial hand
four fingers
extensor carpi ulnaris lateral epicondyle of fifth metacarpal extends and adducts
the humerus hand

supinator lateral epicondyle of proximal end of radius supinates forearm

the humerus

abductor pollicis posterior radius and first metacarpal abducts and extends
longus posterior ulna thumb
extensor pollicis brevis radius and posterior proximal phalanx of extends thumb
ulna the thumb
extensor pollicis ulna and posterior distal phalanx of the extends thumb
longus radius thumb
extensor indicis posterior ulna extensor expansion of extends index finger
index finger
extensor digiti minimi lateral epicondyle of extensor expansion of extends little finger
the humerus the little finger
anconeus lateral epicondyle of olecranon process of abducts ulna during
the humerus ulna pronation; elbow
extension
 INTRINSIC MUSCLES OF THE HAND
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION
abductor pollicis brevis scaphoid, trapezium proximal phalanx of abducts thumb
the thumb

opponens pollicis trapezium thumb metacarpal rotates first metacarpal

medially, i.e.,
opposition of the
thumb

flexor pollicis brevis trapezium, 1st proximal phalanx of flexes and adducts
metacarpal thumb thumb

adductor pollicis capitate, 2nd and 3rd proximal phalanx of adducts thumb
metacarpal the thumb

MUSCLES ASSOCIATED WITH THE ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF THE THIGH

MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION
iliopsoas iliac fossa, transverse lesser trochanter of the flexes hip
processes of lumbar femur
vertebrae

sartorius anterior superior iliac medial tibia flexes, laterally rotates

spine thigh; flexes and
medially rotates leg at
the knee

quadriceps femoris all four:

rectus femoris anterior inferior iliac rectus femoris only -
spine via quadriceps tendon flexes thigh at hip
into patella, then all four - extends leg
vastus lateralis greater trochanter of ligamentum patellae at knee
the femur onto tibial tuberosity of
vastus medialis linea aspera the tibia

vastus intermedius shaft of the femur

pectineus superior ramus of linea aspera of femur flexes, adducts thigh

pubis
tensor fascia latae anterior superior iliac iliotibial tract flexes and abducts
spine, iliac crest thigh
 MUSCLES ASSOCIATED WITH THE MEDIAL COMPARTMENT OF THE THIGH
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION
gracilis inferior ramus and medial surface of tibia adducts thigh at hip;
body of the pubis flexes leg at knee

adductor longus pubis linea aspera of femur adducts and flexes

thigh at hip

adductor brevis body and inferior lineas aspera of femur adducts thigh at hip
ramus of the pubis
adductor magnus inferior ramus of pubis lineas aspera of femur adducts and flexes
and ischium, ischial thigh at hip
tuberosity

MUSCLES ASSOCIATED WITH THE GLUTEAL REGION AND POSTERIOR

COMPARTMENT OF THE THIGH
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION
gluteus maximus posterior ilium, iliotibial tract, gluteal extends and laterally
sacrum, and coccyx tuberosity of femur rotates hip

gluteus medius lateral ilium greater trochanter of abducts thigh at hip

the femur
biceps femoris head of fibula, lateral flexes and laterally
long head ischial tuberosity condyle of tibia rotates leg at knee
long head only -
short head linea aspera extends thigh at hip
semitendinosus ischial tuberosity medial tibia extends thigh at hip;
flexes and medially
rotates leg at knee
semimembranosus ischial tuberosity medial condyle of tibia extends thigh at hip;
flexes and medially
rotates leg at knee
gluteus minimis external surface of greater trochanter of abducts and medially
ilium femur rotates thigh
piriformis lateral surface of ilium greater trochanter of rotates and extends
femur thigh laterally, abducts
thigh
quadratus femoris ischial tuberosity intertrochanteric crest rotates thigh laterally
of femur
 MUSCLES ASSOCIATED WITH THE ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF THE LEG
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION
tibialis anterior lateral condyle of tibia cuneiform and base of dorsiflexes and inverts
1st metatarsal the foot; extends toe

extensor hallucis anterior fibula, distal phalanx of great dorsiflexes and inverts
longus interosseous membrane toe foot; extends big toe
extensor digitorum lateral condyle of tibia, phalanges of toes 2-5 dorsiflexes foot and
longus proximal fibula, extends toes
interosseous membrane
fibularis (peroneus) anterior fibula, fifth metatarsal dorsiflexes and everts
tertius interosseous membrane foot

MUSCLES ASSOCIATED WITH THE LATERAL COMPARTMENT OF THE LEG

MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION
fibularis (peroneus) head of fibula cuneiform, base of 1st plantar flexes and
longus metatarsal everts foot

fibularis (peroneus) distal fibula fifth metatarsal plantar flexes and

brevis everts foot

MUSCLES ASSOCIATED WITH THE POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF THE LEG

MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION
gastrocnemius lateral and medial calcaneus plantar flexes the foot,
condyle of the femur weak flexor of leg at
knee
soleus proximal tibia, calcaneus plantar flexes the foot
proximal fibula,
interosseous membrane
flexor digitorum posterior tibia distal phalanges lateral plantar flexes and
longus four toes inverts foot; flexes toes

flexor hallucis longus middle shaft of fibula distal phalanx great toe plantar flexes and
inverts foot; flexes
great toe

tibialis posterior tibia and fibula navicular bone plantar flexes and
inverts foot