Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Rigid Support
There are two types of spring support
❜ Variable load type, here support
load changes as the pipe moves.
❜ Constant load support, the load Dynamic Support,
remains constant within some range Snubber
of movement.
Rigid Support
Case Study for Combined Cycle
Power Plant
Main Steam Piping System
The High Pressure (HP) steam system is designed per
ASME-B31.1(Power Piping Code) to convey HP
superheated steam, from the HP superheater outlet to
the high pressure section of the steam turbine. HP
steam line is provided with a bypass line, with a
combined pressure reducing and steam
desuperheating valve and is connected to the
Condenser.
Normal Operation
Start-Up/Shutdown Operation
Piping Material Selection
Piping material selection is based on established industry practices for the
temperature, pressures, services and fluid type
General water and steam services less than 750 F ASTM A 106 Grade B or A53 Gr. B
Steam Piping above 750 F less than 955 F ASTM A 335 Grade P11
Steam piping above 955 F to 1050 F ASTM A 335 Grade P 22
Steam piping above 1051 F to 1200 F ASTM A 335 Grade P 91
Flashing heater drain service ASTM A 335 Grade P5
Mild corrosive service ASTM A 312 or A 367, Grade TP304
Severe corrosive service ASTM A 312 or A 367, Grade TP316
Low pressure and temperature ASTM A-53 Grade B
Concentrated acid handling systems Alloy 20 or HDPE / PVC / Rubber lined
Fire protection Carbon steel
Design data
Pipe Size = 8 inches for Main Steam Pipe
Pipe Thickness = 160 Sch
Insulation Thickness = 7.5 inches
Pipe size = 24 inches for Bypass connection
Pipe Thickness = STD
Insulation Thickness = 2.5 inches
Design Temperature = 955.4 ° F
Design Pressure = 1450 psi
Pipe Material = ASTM A335 P22
Insulation Material = Calcium silicate per ASTM C533 for heat retention
Pipe Construction = Seamless
Flange type = Not Allowed
Fittings Greater than 2 inch
ASTM Spec. = A234 WP22
ASME STD. Type = B16.9, B16.28
Type = Butt Weld
Fittings Less than 2 inch
ASTM Spec. = A182 F22
ASME STD. Type = B16.11
Rating = 9000 Class
Type = Socket Weld
Attemperator weight = 1322.5 lbs per 7.87ft
Stress/Node Isometric
Analysis Methodology
The Piping System is considered as an assembly of many pipe segments connected by
analytical node points.
The stress is computed based on internal forces and moments in each segment at all node
points.
The reactions at each pipe support location are calculated; force equilibrium check is made
at all node on support points.
The stress value as calculated in the analysis for sustained load and thermal expansion
load at each node will be verified as per ASME B31.1 code equations for code compliance.
Nodes Failing
Nodes Failing
Maximum stressed Node - Iteration I
NODE NODE STRESS ALLOWABLE RATIO
TYPE (PSI) STRESS(PSI)
95 8 144000. 29180. 4.935
320 1 60800. 29028. 2.095
50 1 42200. 28083. 1.503
5 7 33000. 28619. 1.153
55 8 31400. 28639. 1.096
Ratio are more than 1, means that the stresses are exceeding the allowable stress limits and thus the nodes get
fails.
Expansion Loops
Guide Support
Spring Hanger
Maximum stressed Node - Iteration II
NODE NODE STRESS ALLOWABLE RATIO
TYPE (PSI) STRESS(PSI)
325 11 24500. 29443. 0.832
305 8 21700. 29332. 0.740
5 7 19800. 28606. 0.692
330 7 18600. 29494. 0.631
55 8 16000. 28651. 0.558
95 8 14400. 29015. 0.496
Equipment Nozzle reaction
Hrsg
LOAD CASE FORCES (LBS) MOMENTS (FT-LBS)
HOT & WEIGHT FR = 3924. MR = 56488.
COLD & WEIGHT FR = 3260. MR = 67373
Turbine.
HOT & WEIGHT FR = 5983. MR = 33526.
COLD & WEIGHT FR = 6503. MR = 40128
Condenser
HOT & WEIGHT FR = 1109. MR = 9508.
COLD & WEIGHT FR = 1674. MR = 12032.
Final Iteration
As the same Lot of trail and error iteration has been done to keep the pipe within
permissible limit in dead weight, minimum stresses at all nodes and all the three
equipment nozzles within the allowable limits as specified by the manufacturer of the
same.
Finally by doing lot of iteration the best solution has arrived which gives