Tema 1

Enun: S se dimensioneze i s se verifice grinda simplu rezemat la ncrcri uniform

distribuite din lemn lamelat ncleiat.

1) Date tem:
D = 15 m
t =2 m
Sok = 150 daN/m2
ga = 50 daN/m2
ce = 0.8 daN/m2

2) Elemente predimensionate:

D D 15 15
h max ; = ; = [ 0.600;1] h max = 0.85 m
25 15 25 15

h min = 0.60 m
h min
> 0.60
h max

0.60
= 0.705 > 0.60 conditie verificata
0.85

h r = 0.7061 m
D D 15 15
f ; = ; = [ 0.250;0.375] f = 0.35 m
60 40 60 40

c [ 0.8; 1.2] c = 1.0 m

d [ 0.25; 0.40] d = 0.40 m
b = 0.45 m
0.85

= 1.88 < 6 conditie verificata

h max
0.45
<6
b
1


h
+ f h min
= arctg max
D

+c

0.85 + 0.35 0.60

= arctg

= 4.038

7.5 +1

D2
225
f +
D d + d 2 0.35 2 +
15 0.4 + 0.4 2
4
4
R=
=
= 72.9 m
2 f
2 0.35
2

A gr = 11.18 m 2
3) ncrcri :

Greutate proprie:

Vgr = A gr b = 11.18 0.45 = 5.031 m 3

G gr = Vgr lemn = 5.031 480 = 2414.88 daN
qp =

G gr

2414.88
= 142.05 daN / m
2 c + D 2 1 + 15
=

Greutate zpad:

S k = c e c t S ok = 0.8 1.0 1.0 150 = 96 daN / m

q z = S k t = 92 3 = 192 daN / m

qa =

Greutate acoperi:

g a t 50 2
=
= 100.25 daN / m
cos cos 4.038

4) Evaluarea sarcinilor:

Starea limit de serviciu (SLS):

q p SLS = q p = 142.05 daN / m

q z SLS = q z = 192 daN / m
2

q a SLS = q a = 100.25 daN / m

q t ,SLS = q p,SLS + q z,SLS + q a ,SLS = 142.05 + 192 + 100.25 = 434.3 daN / m

Starea limit ultim (SLU):

q p SLU = q p 1.35 = 142.05 1.35 = 191.77 daN / m

q z SLU = q z 1.5 = 192 1.5 = 288 daN / m
q a SLU = q a = 100.25 daN / m
q t SLU = q a,SLU + q p,SLU + q z,SLU = 100.25 + 191.77 + 288 = 580.02 daN / m
5) Valori din diagrame (SLS)

V1 = V2 = 369.16 daN
T SLSst,1 = 43.43 daN
T SLSdr,1 = 325.73 daN
T SLS,st2 = 325.73 daN
T SLSdr, 2 = 43.43 daN
M SLS,1 = 21.72 daN m
M SLS, 2 = 21.72 daN m
M SLS,max = 1194.32 daN m

6) Valori din diagrame (SLU):

V1 = V2 = 493.02 daN
T SLUst,1 = 58.00 daN
T SLUdr,1 = 435.01 daN
T SLU,st2 = 435.01 daN
T SLUdr, 2 = 58.00 daN
M SLU,1 = 29.00 daN m
M SLU,2 = 29.00 daN m
4

M SLU,max = 1602.28 daN m

7) Verificri:

Verificarea capacitii portante (SLU):

(q q q )++ D 580.215

max p SLU z SLU a SLU

ef

2 2

M = = = 163 .06 aNmd

8 8
M cap = R c W m T

R n md mu 14 0.61 0.9
R =
=
= 6.98 N / mm2 = 6.98 105 daN / m2

1.1
c

md =
W=

qz + qp

0.65 288 + 0.55 191.77

= 0.61
288 + 191.77

bh2
6

Nr. crt
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

0.65 q z + 0.55 q p

h [m]
0.850
0.788
0.740
0.703
0.679
0.668
0.669
0.682
0.660

W [m3]
0.054
0.047
0.041
0.037
0.035
0.033
0.034
0.035
0.032

Mcap [daNm]
33922.8
29525.4
25756.2
23243.4
21987
20730.6
21358.8
21987
20102.4

Condiie
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>

Verificarea rigiditii la ncovoiere (SLS):

b h 3max 0.45 0.85 3

I=
=
= 23.03 10 3 m 4
12
12

E = 11200 10 5 daN / m 2
4
5 qp D
5
142.05 15 4
fp =

= 3.639 10 3 m
5
3
384 E I 384 11200 10 23.03 10

Mef [daNm]
16313.06
16313.06
16313.06
16313.06
16313.06
16313.06
16313.06
16313.06
16313.06

5 qz D4 5
192 15 4
fz =

= 4.919 10 3 m
5
3
384 E I 384 11200 10 23.03 10
5 qa D4 5
100.25 15 4
fa =

= 2.568 10 3 m
5
3
384 E I 384 11200 10 23.03 10

f max = f p + f z + f a = (3.639 + 4.919 + 2.568) 10 3 = 11.126 10 3 m

D 15
= = 0,03
= 0.011126 < 0.03 conditie verificata
500 500
f max < f adm
f adm =

Verificarea la forfecare perpendicular pe fibre:

Vr = R c A r m T = 5,31 10 5 0.317 0.9 = 151494.3 daN

A r = h r b = 0.7061 0.45 = 0.317 m 2

R n m d m u 10 0.65 0.9
R =
=
= 5.31 N / mm 2 = 5.31 10 5 daN / m 2

1 .1
c

Vr > Tmax
Tmax = 435.01 daN

L cap

151494.3 > 435.01 conditie verificata

Verificarea la forfecare paralel pe fibre:

R cf b I m T
1,595 10 5 0,45 23.03 10 3 0,9
=
Kf =
0.6 = 31878.86 daN
S
0.028

R fn m d m u 3 0.65 0.9
R =
=
= 1.595 N / mm 2 = 1.595 10 5 daN / m 2
f
1.1
c
f

b h 2r 0.45 0.70612
S=
=
= 0.028 m 3
8
8

L cap > Tmax

Tmax = 435.01 daN

31878.86 > 435.01 conditie verificata

Definirea termenilor:
D = deschiderea grinzii
t = travee
Sok = ncrcarea din greutatea zpezii
ga = greutate acoperi
ce = coeficient de expunere
f = sgeata grinzii
hmin = nlimea minim a grinzii
hmax = nlimea maxim a grinzii
hr = nalimea grinzii n dreptul reazemului
c = consol
b = limea grinzii
= unghiul dintre orizontal i acoperi
A = aria seciunii elevaiei grinzii
Vgr = volumul grinzii
Ggr = greutatea grinzii
ct = coeficient termic
= coeficient ce ine seama de
qp = ncrcare din greutate proprie
qz = ncrcare din greutatea zpezii
qa = ncrcare din greutatea acoperiului
V = reaciune vertical
T = for tietoare
M = moment ncovoietor
R = rezisten la ncovoiere
md = coeficient al ncrcrii
mu = coeficient de umiditate
= coeficient parial de siguran
W = modul de rezisten
mT = coeficient de tratare a lemnului
8

fp,z,a = deformaia sgeii

R = rezistena la forfecare perpendicular pe fibre
R f = rezistena la forfecare paralel pe fibre
I = moment de inerie
S = moment static
Kf = coeficient funcie de precizia mbinrii