Health Education Lesson Plan: Prescription Drugs (Prevention Teen Abuse) Matt Arentz Descriptive Information Skill Emphasis

(NHES): Analyzing Influences (INF) Grade Level: High School (11th Grade) Content Area of Health: Alcohol and Other Drug Use Prevention (AOD) Content Descriptor & Sub-Descriptor(s): 1. Short-Term and Long-Term Benefits of Risks of Medicinal Drugs a. risks of dependence and addiction b. importance of taking medicines as described (dosage, duration, need for food) 2. Short-term and Long-term Effects of AOD Use a. risks of dependence and addiction b. physical, social, and emotional effects of AOD use c. effects of use of other illicit drugs d. relationship between AOD use and mental health e. benefits of not using AOD (physical, social, emotional, legal, financial, vocational) 3. Positive and Negative Influences on AOD Use a. pressures to use b. internal influences c. family influences d. peer influences e. cultural influences f. legal/policy factors g. influences on direct levels of AOD use Title of Lesson: Prescription for Influences PA Standard (Health & PE): 10.1.12.D- Evaluate issues relating to the use/non-use of drugs.

10.2.12.C- Compare and contrast the positive and negative effects of the media on adult personal health and safety. Curricular Connections: Writing, grammar, public speaking Adolescent Risk Behavior: Alcohol and other drug use. Behavioral Objective(s) Cognitive: Student will explain the complexity of internal/external influences on prescription drug use by participating in classroom activities. Cognitive: Student will explain of the positive/negative effects of prescription drug use by participating in classroom activities. Affective: Student will respect others opinions by not verbally degrading classmates during activities and discussion. Psychomotor: Student will actively participate in their groups skit or rap performance.

Skill (Analyzing Influences): After participating in class discussions, and

skit/rap performances, students will be able to: - Identify and analyze external factors (e.g. media, parents, ethnic, legal, peers, geographic, societal, technology) during stations. - Identify and analyze internal factors (e.g. curiosity, interests, desires, fears, likes/dislikes) during stations. - Address interrelationships and complexity of influences by presenting their PSAs

Brief Outline of Todays Lesson (Teaching Strategies in parenthesis) 1. Introduction/hand out name tags 2. Bell ringer- Positive or Negative Influences (wall graffiti, brainstorm, discussion) 3. Content & Instructional Strategies (question/answer/question, gadgets/gizmos, brainstorm, lecture, video, discussion) What are prescription drugs? i. How they should be used ii. iii. iv. v. How they are abused How dangerous can they be? Commonly abused prescription drugs How abusing prescription drugs affects your body and the brain

4.

5.

6. 7.

vi. How to read a label In-Class Learning Activities Name That Symptom Prescription Drug Stations (videos, worksheet, discussion) Prescription Drug PSA (performance, performance assessment) In-Class Learning Activity Assessment Description of the Assessment Content & Skills Criteria/Cues Analytical Rubric Final Thoughts/Conclusion to the Lesson (question/answer/question, discussion) Classroom Management & Materials

Expanded Outline of Todays Lesson 1.Introduction to the Lesson (Set Induction) 1 min: Good morning everyone! Do you know anyone who has prescriptions? Prescribed drugs are prescribed for a reason: certain people MUST have them for health reasons and they are stronger than anything you can buy over the counter. Today were going to look at ways we influence ourselves and the ways we are influenced by others when deciding to responsibly use or dangerously misuse and abuse prescription drugs. Lets start with a quick group activity to get us out of our seats this morning! 2.Bell Ringer (Positive or Negative Influences) 4 min: A. Go ahead and put your name/nickname on the front of the nametag on your desk. There is a colored sticker on your nametag. Stand up and walk to the poster board hanging on the wall that corresponds to your sticker color. The classmates at your poster board will be in your group for activities today. With your group, take the next 4 minutes to put the correct statement under the title of positive or negative influences. 3. In-Class Learning Activity (Name That Symptom introduction) 1min: A. Open your nametag. On the inside is the name of a commonly abused prescription drug and a few of its symptoms and side effects. Do not share the name of your drug with anyone. For the rest of class today, you are to exhibit signs and symptoms of this drug as if you have been abusing it. Find a

good balance between being noticeable and disruptive. During class activities and discussions, look for the new mannerisms of your classmates. At the end of the lesson we will guess what prescription drug each one of you has abused. 3.Content & Instructional Strategies 6min: I. What are prescription drugs? a. a drug that is available only with written instructions from a doctor or dentist to a pharmacist. b. If you take a medicine in a way that is different from what the doctor prescribed, it is called prescription drug abuse. It could be: i. Taking a medicine that was prescribed for someone else ii. Taking a larger dose than you are supposed to iii. Taking the medicine in a different way than you are supposed to. This might be crushing tablets and then snorting or injecting them. iv. Using the medicine for another purpose, such as getting high v. Abusing some prescription drugs can lead to addiction. These include narcotic painkillers, sedatives, tranquilizers, and stimulants. vi. Every medicine has some risk of side effects. Doctors take this into account when prescribing medicines. People who abuse these drugs may not understand the risks. The medicines may not be safe for them, especially at higher doses or when taken with other medicines. vii. In 2010, approximately 16 million Americans reported using a prescription drug for nonmedical reasons in the past year; 7 million in the past month. viii. YOUTUBE CLIP https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fh2yOeDlMJM

II. What drugs are most likely to be abused? Opioidsprescribed for pain relief CNS depressantsbarbiturates and benzodiazepines prescribed for anxiety or sleep problems (often referred to as sedatives or tranquilizers) Stimulantsprescribed for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the sleep disorder narcolepsy, or obesity. III. How do you prevent prescription drug abuse? IV. Ask your doctor or pharmacist about your medication, especially if you are unsure about its effects. V. Keep your doctor informed about all medications you are taking, including over-the-counter medications. VI. Read the information your pharmacist provides before starting to take medications. VII. Take your medication(s) as prescribed. Keep all prescription medications secured at all times and properly dispose of any unused medications.

a. How do these drugs affect the brain? i. Stimulants ii. Stimulants can have strong effects on the cardiovascular system. Taking high doses of a stimulant can dangerously raise body temperature and cause irregular heartbeat or even heart failure or seizures. Also, taking some stimulants in high doses or repeatedly can lead to hostility or feelings of paranoia. b. Opioids a. Opioids can produce drowsiness, cause constipation, anddepending upon the amount takendepress breathing. The latter effect makes opioids particularly dangerous, especially when they are snorted or injected or combined with other drugs or alcohol. More people die from overdoses of prescription opioids than from all other drugs combined, including heroin and cocaine (see graph below). iii. Depressants a. CNS depressants slow down brain activity and can cause sleepiness and loss of coordination. Continued use can lead to physical dependence and withdrawal symptoms if discontinuing use.

III. How to read your label a. Warnings

b. c. Do not use

4. In-Class Learning Activities): I. Bell Ringer Positive or Negative Influences: Scenarios? 4 min a. Mark had his wisdom teeth removed and was prescribed a painkiller by his dentist. Markss mother puts the bottle of painkillers and a note in his backpack and tells him to bring them to Student Services. At the bus stop, Ben begins to bully Mark for the pills. Mark gives one of the pills to Ben and tells him to go away. b. Alex admits to you that he brought two Adderall pills from home. He took one of them on the bus and sold the other one to Brandon for $10.00 at school c. The doctor prescribed Oxycotin for Maria to help subside her pain after her knee surgery. Maria is taking more pills than she should since she likes the way she feels when on the medicine.

Her doctor gives Maria two more refill since she told him her pain is bad. d. Maggie has three tests on Friday and she needs to get good grades on all of them if the wants to make Deans list. Her best friend Ashley has ADHD and takes Ritalin and offered to give her a few of her pills so Maggie can really study but Maggie said no because she has never had them before. e. Ryan was going to a party with a few of his friends from a different high school. When he walks into the party with his friends he sees that it is a pharm-party. Ryan and their friends did not feel comfortable so they left the party. f. Katies dad just had surgery on his hip and was prescribed vicodin for the pain. Katies boyfriend keeps telling her to just take a few so he can take the pills. Katies parents have told her stories of how easy it is to become addicted to prescription drugs so she decided not to give her boyfriend the vicodin. II Prescription Drug Stations 15min(each station is 2:30min) a. Your group will watch the video on the laptop at each station. After watching each video, your group will work collaboratively to answer the prompts on your worksheet. The videos provide information regarding internal, external, positive, and negative influences, as well as the consequences, signs, and symptoms of prescription drug abuse. b. Each station will last 2:30-3:00 minutes. The instructors will time each station and let groups know when to move to the next station. c.Stations:
Station: Identifying symptoms of abuse How drugged driving can be deadly (:42-1:37) List 3 symptoms you can look for if you think a friend or family member is abusing prescription drugs. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CUc_skcjbXc

Station: Consequences of abuse Teens addicted to prescription drugs (:30-2:15) List 2 consequences prescription drug abuse has on the body. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v-Ye6fzJAEA

Station: Internal and External Influences Prescription drug abuse PSA by @RyanRstar List 2 internal influences mentioned in the video. List 2 external influences mentioned in the video. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xCMCGkUc0Ps

Station: Internal Influences Prescription drug abuse PSA List one negative and one positive way Mark influenced his decision in this video. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZC-7Ejkdb54

Station: External Influences Prescription Drug Abuse PSA List 3 external influences on your decision to abuse/not abuse prescription drugs. (Influences can be positive or negative.) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ND0eJar3nTU

Station: Your influence on others Above the influence: Avontas Story List one example of how your actions can have a positive influence on others. List one example of how your actions can have a negative influence on others. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vQ4joIsLhZI

III Prescription Drug PSA 12 min a. Your group will now write and present a prescription drug PSA using the information you have learned in class today. After your group presents your PSA to the class, please hand in ONE copy of your script to the instructors. Use the handout to plan what must be included in your groups PSA.

5. In-Class Learning Activity Assessment-Description & Criteria A checklist and rubric will be used to grade the in-class learning activity, Prescription Drug PSA on content (Core Concepts), health skills (Analyzing Influences) and other specific criteria. Additional Criteria PSA reflects knowledge of positive and negative influences. PSA reflects knowledge of internal and external influences PSA reflects knowledge of prescription drug content PSA reflects knowledge of prescription drug abuse (consequences and symptoms). All group members participate in PSA presentation PSA presentation is :30-1:00 long

 Group hands in a copy of the PSA script Core Concepts Content for Prescription Drugs and Analyzing Influences shows: o Accuracy o Comprehensiveness o Relationships among concepts/influences o Conclusions drawn Skill: Analyzing Influences o Identify and analyze external factors (e.g. media, parents, ethnic, legal, peers, geographic, societal, technology). o Identify and analyze internal factors (e.g. curiosity, interests, desires, fears, likes/dislikes) o Address interrelationships and complexity of influences o Present a variety of influences as appropriate

Analytical Rubric for the In-Class Learning Activity Prescription Drug PSA

6. Final Thoughts/Conclusion to the Lesson 1 min: Checking for Understanding (verbal or written): Who or what can impact how you make decisions about responsible prescription drug use? How will knowing the potential influence you have on others impact how you view recreation use of prescription drugs? Who do you have a large influence on in your life? Are you a positive or negative influence? Lets have 2 or 3 people come up to demonstrate the symptoms they have been exhibiting all class? What drug do you think they abused? Understand that even if you decide to abuse prescription drugs and think you can hide it from people who care about and look up to you, they can often tell something is up. What kind of influence do you want to be on the people around you? Great job today class, I hope you understand a bit more about some positive or negative influences that impact your decisions about prescription drug abuse. 7. Classroom Management & Materials - Classroom Materials

Handouts/Worksheets: Bell ringer poster, stations worksheet, rubric sheets for PSA (student and teacher) o Other Materials: notecards, poster board, computers, tape, markers, PowerPoint, computers, slips of situations (positive or negative) Classroom Management o Have enough room for 5-6 groups of 5-6 students. Assign each group to the station that corresponds with their color. On the teachers cue, groups will rotate one station to the right. o Have posters around the room for the Bell Ringer activity and in an area that all students in groups can do the activity o Organize seats so groups can see each other for discussion o Have students move desks and chairs if necessary so groups have enough room to present PSAs Content References
Prescription drug abuse. (2013, September 24). Retrieved from
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/prescriptiondrugabuse.html

Commonly abused prescription drugs chart. (2011, October). Retrieved from

http://www.drugabuse.gov/drugs-abuse/commonly-abused-drugs/commonlyabused-prescription-drugs-chart

How to read your medicine label. (n.d.). Retrieved from

http://www.knowyourdose.org/how-read-your-label

Drug facts: Prescription and over-the-counter medications. (2013, May). Retrieved from
http://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/prescription-over-countermedications

CCSSO-SCASS Health Education Assessment Project (2006). Assessment Tools Health Education, ToucanEd Inc., Santa Cruz, CA.

for School

Activity Reference(s) Arentz, M. (2013). The Pennsylvania State University. KINES 468. Purvis, L. (2013). The Pennsylvania State University. KINES 468

Appendices

Handouts for Students

Group color and members:_______________________________________________________

Prescription Drug Stations

Watch the video on the lap top at each station. As a group, answer the prompts on this worksheet.

Blue Station: Identifying symptoms of abuse How drugged driving can be deadly * START video at :42 and END video at 1:37 * 1. 2. 3. Green Station: Consequences of abuse Teens addicted to prescription drugs * START video at :30 and END video at 2:15 * 1. 2. List 2 consequences prescription drug abuse has on the body. List 3 symptoms you can look for if you think a friend or family member is abusing prescription drugs.

Red Station: Internal and External Influences Prescription drug abuse PSA by @RyanRstar List 2 internal influences mentioned in the video. List 2 external influences mentioned in the video.

Internal 1. 2. External 1. 2.

Purple Station: Internal Influences Prescription drug abuse PSA List one negative and one positive way Mark influenced his decision in this video.

Negative: Positive:

Orange Station: External Influences Prescription Drug Abuse PSA 1. 2. 3. List 3 external influences on your decision to abuse/not abuse prescription drugs. (Influences can be positive or negative.)

Yellow Station: Your influence on others Above the influence: Avontas Story List one example of how your actions can have a positive influence on others. List one example of how your actions can have a negative influence on others.

Positive: Negative:

In your groups Prescription Drug PSA

Reflect knowledge of internal and external influences positive and negative influences prescription drug content (drug names, methods of abuse, etc.) prescription drug abuse (consequences, symptoms, etc.) All group members must participate in PSA presentation Your presentation needs to be between :30 seconds and 1:00 minute long

You have 10-12 minutes to write and practice your skit. Use your time wisely! (Feel free to use the back of this sheet for your script.)

Group Color:__________ Group Members:

Date: __________

Prescription Drug PSA

Grading Assessment Checklist

___/4 ___/4 ___/4 ___/4

Reflects knowledge of internal/external influences Reflects knowledge of positive/negative influences Reflects knowledge of prescription drug content Reflects knowledge of prescription drug abuse (consequences and symptoms) All group members participate in PSA presentation Presentation is :30 sec to 1:00 min long Group hands in a copy of their script Total Score

___/4 ___/4 ___/4 ___/28

Additional comments:

Analytical Rubric for the In-Class Learning Activity Prescription Drug Skit/Rap Parameter 4 3 2 0-1

Content (Core Concepts)

The response is complex, accurate, comprehensive, showing breadth & depth of information; relationships are described and conclusions drawn.

Analyzing Influences (NHES/Skill)

Length & Time of Presentation of Skit Positive and Negative Influences

The response shows evidence of the ability to apply health skills; the response is complete and shows proficiency in the skill. The PSA presentation is 30s to 1 min long Group reflects understanding of positive and negative influences Group reflects understanding of internal and external influences Group hands in a written copy of their script All group members are involved in the creation and presentation of the PSA

The response identifies relationships between 2 or more health concepts; there is some breadth of information, although there may be minor inaccuracies The response shows evidence of the ability to apply health skills; the response is mostly complete but may not be fully proficient.

The response shows some accurate information about the relationships between health concepts, but the response is incomplete and there are some inaccuracies. The response shows some evidence of the ability to apply health skills; the response may have inaccuracies or be incomplete.

The response addresses the assigned task but provides little or no accurate information about the relationships between health concepts.

The response shows little or no evidence of the ability to apply health skills.

Internal and External Influences

PSA Script

Group Participation in Presentation

All group members involved in PSA except for one.

Only 1-2 group members involved in PSA.

The PSA presentation is not 30s long Group does not reflect understanding of positive and negative influences Group does not reflects understanding of internal and external influences Group does not hand in a written copy of their script Group does not present PSA.

Sample of Student Group Work

Prescription Drug PSA: Mother: Lauren Son: Matt Son- Mom, after you have gotten surgery on your back, I couldnt help but notice in your medicine cabinet the vicodian that you were prescribed for your pain. I saw that you didnt really take any and that if I only took a few that there is no way you would ever notice. You can also get your prescription refilled so that means Ill have a chance to take a few more. It was so easy to take them it didnt even feel fair. My friend told me that I can take them and it makes you feel really good. Hes a junior and said that they are cool and easier to take from your parents than alcohol. I havent heard any bad stories of anything happening to people in our school that take any prescription drugs. I dont see the harm in taking them since you do and your doctor prescribed them to you. Everything will be fine. Mom- After my back surgery, I was prescribed vicodian for the pain. I took a few the first couple days and then didnt really need to take any more for a few days since the pain subsided. Today, I went into my medicine cabinet and had a feeling that a few of my pills were gone. At first I thought that maybe I might have taken a few more than I thought, but then I realized that I am missing over 5 pills. I began thinking, and then it hit me. My son? Would he actually go into my room, cabinet, and then take my prescription drugs that are extremely dangerous? He is only 14 years old. If he is taking these pills he could get extremely sick or possibly even die. I dont think he understands the dangers of taking prescription drugs. Who would ever influence him to take my drugs? That is not the son I know and love. He has been hanging out with a junior and maybe that is who is influencing him. I will have to really hide my medicine from now on. I cannot trust my own son.