UNIVERSITATEA ,,STEFAN CEL MARE SUCEAVA FACULTATEA DE STIINTE ECONOMICE SI ADMINISTRATIE PUBLICA CONTABILITATE SI INFORMATICA DE GESTIUNE

Dinamica si structurile masei monetare in Romania 2012

Banii nu suunt rotile comertului; ei sunt uleiul care face miscarea rotilor lina si usoara..Numai atunci cand comertul nu este bine uns, vom intelege importanta unui sistem monetar sanatos. (D. ume!

Elev: Hunea Adriana Cig I Gr II Coordonator: Ciobaniuc Gabriela 1

UNIVERSITATEA ,,STEFAN CEL MARE SUCEAVA FACULTATEA DE STIINTE ECONOMICE SI ADMINISTRATIE PUBLICA CONTABILITATE SI INFORMATICA DE GESTIUNE

Cuprins

1. Teorie 1.1 M!s! "one#!r! 1.$ Co"ponen#e%e "!sei "one#!re 1.& A're'!#e%e "one#!re 1.( Cerere! si o)er#! *e "one*!. $. S#u*iu *e +!, Din!"i+! si s#ru+#uri%e "!sei "one#!re in Ro"!ni! $-11

UNIVERSITATEA ,,STEFAN CEL MARE SUCEAVA FACULTATEA DE STIINTE ECONOMICE SI ADMINISTRATIE PUBLICA CONTABILITATE SI INFORMATICA DE GESTIUNE

1. Teorie 1.1 M!s! "one#!r!

Pi!#! "one#!r! repre,in#! se'"en#u% pe #er"en s+ur# !% pie#ii )in!n+i!re. Ai+i se .or in#!%ni +re*i#e si p%!s!"en#e ! +!ror s+!*en#! es#e su/ un !n. Pro/%e"! *e)inirii "one*ei ! )os# *in#o#*e!un! *i)i+i%! si +on#ro.ers!#!. A+e!s#! *eo!re+e "one*! ! )os# in re!%i#!#e re+ep#!#! *e o!"eni +! un ins#ru"en# "u%#i*i"ension!%. R!spunsu% #r!*i#ion!% %! o !s#)e% *e in#re/!re ! )os# !+e%! +! "one*! es#e /unu% +!re sp!r'e #ro+u% si #r!ns)or"! *e+i un s+0i"/ *ire+# in#r1un s+0i"/ in*ire+#, +u *ou! )!,! .!n,!re! si +u"p!r!re!. Mone*! es#e, in prin+ip!%, o +!#e'orie "!+roe+ono"i+!, %! +!re #o#i !'en#ii e+ono"i+i *in#r1o #!r! se r!por#e!,! +! %! un *!#. E! +ons#! *in #o# +ee! +e po!#e in*ep%ini si, in )!p#, in*ep%ines#e )un+#ii%e *e "!sur!re ! !+#i.i#!#i%or e+ono"i+e si *e "i2%o+ire ! s+0i"/u%ui. D!+! !n!%i,!" "one*! *in pun+# *e .e*ere !% )or"ei )i,i+e *e pre,en#!re, se o/ser.! +! e.o%u#i! sis#e"e%or "one#!re ! +on*us %! !p!ri#i! su++esi.! ! #rei )or"e *e "one*! "e#!%i+!, "one*! *e 0!r#ie si "one*! s+rip#ur!%!. E%e +oe3is#! in propor#ii *i)eri#e *e %! o perio!*! %! !%#! si *e %! o #!r! %! !%#!. Pri.i#! +! s#o+, "!s! "one#!r! +ons#! *in #o#!%i#!#e! ins#ru"en#e%or /!nes#i *e +!re *ispun !'en#ii e+ono"i+i non)in!n+i!ri *in#r1o e+ono"ie n!#ion!%! %! un "o"en# *!#, *es#in!#e !+0i,i#ion!rii *e /unuri "!#eri!%e si ser.i+ii, !+0i#!rii *!#orii%or, +ons#i#uirii e+ono"ii%or in .e*ere! in.es#i#ii%or si ! !%#or p%!s!"en#e. C! )%u3, !+e!s#! repre,in#! "!s! "e*ie *e /!ni +!re )un+#ione!,! in#r1o !nu"i#! perio!*! *e #i"p 4#ri"es#ru, !n5. Pen#ru e3e"p%i)i+!re .oi pre,en#! s+0e"! 'ener!%! ! e.i*en#ei *isponi/i%i#!#i%or "one#!re si +.!si"one#!re !s! +u" se pre,in#! in #!ri *e,.o%#!#e +u e+ono"ie *e pi!#!

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UNIVERSITATEA ,,STEFAN CEL MARE SUCEAVA FACULTATEA DE STIINTE ECONOMICE SI ADMINISTRATIE PUBLICA CONTABILITATE SI INFORMATICA DE GESTIUNE 1. Disponi/i%i#!#i "one#!re A. Bi%e#e in +ir+u%!#ie6 B. Mone*! *i.i,ion!r! in +ir+u%!#ie6 C. Depo,i#e %! .e*ere. 1 Con#uri !%e p!r#i+u%!ri%or si in#reprin*eri%or %! B!n+! Cen#r!%! 1 Depo,i#e in /!n+i6 1 Depo,i#e in +on#uri pos#!%e6 1 Depo,i#e *e )on*uri p!r#i+u%!re %! Te,!ur. $. Disponi/i%i#!#i +.!si"one#!re A. Con#uri pe %i/re#e in /!n+i6 B. Con#uri1 e+ono"ii1 %o+uin#e1 /!n+i6 C. Depo,i#e %! #er"en %! Te,!ur6 D. Bonuri pe #er"en %! Te,!ur6 E. Depo,i#e in .!%u#! !%e re,i*en#i%or. 1.$. Co"ponen#e%e "!sei "one#!re Pen#ru +! )un+#ii%e si )!+i%i#!#i%e "one*ei s! )ie e3er+i#!#e +u su++es es#e ne+es!r +! !+e!s#! s! e3is#e in#r1un "inu# .o%u" si in#r1o s#ru+#ur! !nu"e. Pro/%e"e%e re)eri#o!re %! r!por#u% *e "!ri"e *in#re !+#i.i#!#i%e e+ono"i+o1 so+i!%e si +!n#i#!#e! *e "one*! in so+ie#!#e sun# !/or*!#e si !n!%i,!#e, "!i in#!i, +u +on+ep#e%e *e "!s! "one#!r! si *e .i#e,! *e ro#!#ie ! "one*ei. Marimea fluxurilor monetare dintr-o tara , in#r1un !n e+ono"i+, repre,in#! pro*usu% *in#re "!ri"e! "e*ie ! s#o+u%ui *e /!ni, in %o+u% si #i"pu% !r!#!#e, si .i#e,! *e ro#!#ie ! /!ni%or 4nu"!ru% ro#!#ii%or e)e+#u!#e5. M!s! "one#!r! e3is#en#! %! un "o"en# *!# %! !'en#ii e+ono"i+i 4+! s#o+5, +! si +e! )o%osi#! in#r1un ori,on# *e #i"p 4+! )%u35 se "!so!r! prin lichiditatea monetara, !+e!s#! se e3pri"! in "!ri"i !/so%u#e si in "!ri"i re%!#i.e. Rata lichiditatii, *e pi%*!, +ons#! in r!por#u% in#re ni.e%u% "e*iu !nu!% !% "!sei "one#!re si ni.e%u% #r!n,!+#ii%or e+ono"i+e "i2%o+i#e *e "one*!. In#ensi#!#e! u#i%i,!rii "one*ei es#e "!sur!#! prin viteza de circulatie a monedei. A+e!s#! se e3pri"! prin#r1un r!por# +!re e.i*en#i!,! r!pi*i#!#e! s!u in+e#ine!%! #r!n,!+#ii%or, +! si .i#e,! +u +!re +ir+u%! .eni#uri%e. A+es# r!por# es#e in.ersu% r!#ei %i+0i*i#!#ii.

UNIVERSITATEA ,,STEFAN CEL MARE SUCEAVA FACULTATEA DE STIINTE ECONOMICE SI ADMINISTRATIE PUBLICA CONTABILITATE SI INFORMATICA DE GESTIUNE De1! %un'u% #i"pu%ui s1!u +on#ur!# *ou! +o"ponen#e !%e "!sei "one#!re +o"ponen#e +!re se *eose/es+ +!%i#!#i. in#re e%e 1 *ispo,i#ii /!nes#i propriu1,ise 4 /!ni '0e!#!, /!ni %i+0i,i5. A+e!s#! *isponi/i%i#!#e +ons#!u *in !+e%e ins#ru"en#e "one#!re +!r!+#eri,!#e prin %i+0i*i#!#e per)e+#!. Inse!"n! +! e%e sun# in "!sur! s! s#in'! i"e*i!# o *!#orie s!u s! "i2%o+e!s+! *ire+# o #r!n,!+#ie +o"er+i!%! )!r! +! *e#in!#oru% %or s! +0e%#ui!s+! #i"p si )!r! *i"inu!re! resurse%or s!%e /!nes#i. A+es#e ins#ru"en#e se +!r!+#eri,e!,! prin %i+0i*i#!#e per)e+#! s!u %i+0i*i#!#e prin e3+e%en#!. 1 *isponi/i%i#!#i se"i"one#!re 4 7 !pro!pe /!ni75. A+es#e *isponi/i%i#!#i sun# )or"!#e *in !+e%e ins#ru"en#e "one#!re +!re ne+esi#! un! s!u "!i "u%#e oper!#ii pen#ru +! posesoru% %or s! !2un'! %! /!ni %i+0i,i. A+e!s#! presupune +onsu" *e #i"p pen#ru e)e+#u!re! oper!#ii%or )!r! ! e3is#! ris+u% *i"inu!rii +!n#i#!#ii *e "one*! *e#inu#! *e e%. 1.& A're'!#e%e "one#!re An!%i,! "!sei "one#!re se re!%i,e!,! +u !2u#oru% +on+ep#u%ui *e !'re'!# "one#!r. A+es# !'re'!# "one#!r *ese"ne!,! o p!r#e +ons#i#u#i+! ! "!sei si se"i"one#!re. Cri#eriu% *e *ep!r#!2!re si *e in+%u*ere ! ins#ru"en#e%or *e p%!#! in !'re'!#e%e "one#!re i% +ons#i#uie +!p!+i#!#e! %or *e ! !si'ur! %i+0i*i#!#e! /!ne!s+!, *e ! !2un'e %! /!ni %i+0i,i. Pri"u% !'re'!# "one#!r es#e si"/o%i,!# +u %i#er! M1 Es#e )or"!# *in ur"!#o!re%e e%e"en#e 1 nu"er!ru% in +ir+u%!#ie 4/!ni *e 0!r#ie si "one*! *i.i,ion!r!5 1 +on#uri%e /!n+!re oper!/i%e prin +er+uri !p!r#in!n* re,i*en#i%or non)in!n+i!ri 1 +e+uri%e %! pur#!#or s!u *e +!%!#orie M! repre,in#! "!s! "one#!r! in sens "!i %!r', +uprin,!n* in p%us )!#! *e e%e"en#e%e *e %! M1 ur"!#o!re%e - *epo,i#e%e s!u *epuneri%e *e e+ono"ii %! .e*ere !)%!#e in +on#uri%e /!n+!re neoper!/i%e s!u prin +e+uri6 1 *epuneri%e pe #i"p s+ur# %! /!n+i in#r!#e in 'es#iune! !+es#or!. Di)eren#! *in#re M$ si M1 no#!#! +u "$ repre,in#! *isponi/i%i#!#i !%e re,i*en#i%or non)in!n+i!ri 'es#ion!#e *e or'!ni,!#ii%e )in!n+i!r1 /!n+!re. A+e!s#! *i)eren#r! "!i po!#e )i nu"i#! "!s! se"i"one#!r!. M" +uprin*e in p%us )!#! *e M$ %i+0i*i#!#i pe #i"p s+ur# +!re nu po# )i in+!*r!#e in "!s! se"i"one#!r! 4"$5 . Di)eren#! *in#re M&1M$ es#e "& si es#e )or"!#! *in ur"!#o!re%e +o"ponen#e - *epuneri%e pe #er"en %i"i#!# si /onuri%e *e e+ono"ii 1 *epuneri%e si #i#%uri%e *e +o"er# in "one*e s#r!ine +on.er#i/i%e 1 /onuri%e *e #e,!ur si +er#i)i+!#e%e *e su/s+riere i"pru"u#!#e *e s#!#, pre+u" si /onuri%e ne'o+i!/i%e 8

UNIVERSITATEA ,,STEFAN CEL MARE SUCEAVA FACULTATEA DE STIINTE ECONOMICE SI ADMINISTRATIE PUBLICA CONTABILITATE SI INFORMATICA DE GESTIUNE Co"ponen#e%e "$ si "& %u!#e i"preun!, !*i+! M&1M1 )or"e!,! e+ono"ii%e %i+0i*e *epuse pe #er"en s+ur#. A% p!#ru%e! !'re'!# # +uprin*e pe %!n'! +e%e in+%use in M& e+ono"ii%e +on#r!+#u!%e *epuse pe #er"en si *i)eri#e !%#e p%!s!"en#e si #i#%uri ne'o+i!/i%e +! si #i#%uri *e .!%o!re e"ise *e !'en#ii non/!n+!ri. Nu"!ru% !'re'!#e%or "one#!re +! si *enu"ire! +o"ponen#e%eor %or nu sun# !+e%e!si in #o!#e #!ri%e. Din#re #o!#e ins#ru"en#e%e pie#ei "one#!re +e%e "!i i"por#!n#e sun# !. Bi%e#e%e *e #re,orerie repre,in#! o )or"! ! in*!#or!rii s#!#u%ui pe #er"en s+ur#, respe+#i. o +o"ponen#! ! *!#oriei in#erne. A+es#e! sun# ins#ru"en#e +u +!r!+#er popu%!r, )iin* !+0i,i#ion!#e in "o"en#u% e"isiunii !#!# *e !'en#ii e+ono"i+i, +!# si *e popu%!#ie. Dup! e"isiune, !+es#e #i#%uri sun# in#ens +o"er+i!%i,!#e pe pi!#! se+un*!r!. /. Ti#%uri%e +o"er+i!%e sun# ins#ru"en#e pe #er"en s+ur#, repre,en#!n* pro"isiune! )!+u#! *e o )ir"!, +!re ur"!res#e !#r!'ere! *e )on*uri ne+es!re !+#i.i#!#ii +o#i*iene, r!"/urs!/i%e %! o !nu"i#! s+!*en#!. +. Ce+uri%e 4!++ep#!ri%e /!n+!re5 reper,in#! un ins+ris /!n+!r e"is *e o )ir"! +e se o/%i'! s! p%!#e!s+! o !nu"i#! su"! %! s+!*en#! si es#e #ri"is unei /!n+i spre !++ep#!re. *. Cer#i)i+!#e%e *e *epo,i# ne'o+i!/i%e repre,in#! ins+risuri e"ise *e /!n+i%e +o"er+i!%e pen#ru ! !#es#! e3is#en#! )on*uri%or in *epo,i#e. Prin !+es#e #i#%uri se s#ipu%e!,! +! *eponen#ii .or pri"i !nu!% *o/!n,i *e o !nu"i#! "!ri"e, i!r %! "!#uri#!#e! *epo,i#u%ui, !+es#or! %i se .! res#i#ui su"! ini#i!%!. B!n+i%e r!s+u"p!r! une%e +er#i)i+!#e in!in#e "!#uri#!#e. Din "o#i.u% ne'o+ierii !+es#or #i#%uri, e%e se nu"es+ +er#i)i+!#e *e *epo,i# ne'o+i!/i%e. e. Euro*o%!rii *ese"ne!,! *epo,i#e %! #er"en, e3pri"!#e in *o%!ri, e)e+#u!#e %! /!n+i s#r!ine s!u %! )i%i!%e !%e /!n+i%or !"eri+!ne *in s#r!in!#!#e. ). A+or*uri%e *e r!s+u"p!r!re repre,in#! #i#%uri +!re !#es#! i"pru"u#uri%e pe #er"en s+ur# 4uneori nu"!i $( *e ore5, !+or*!#e !'en#i%or e+ono"i+i, 'u.ernu%ui s!u !%#or en#i#!#i e+ono"i+e, *e +!#re /!n+i%e +o"er+i!%e s!u !%#e insi#u#ii )in!n+i!re. In +on+%u,ie, pi!#! "one#!r! es#e o pi!#! spe+i)i+! in +!re !+#ione!,! +! pe ori+e !%#! pi!#!, +erere! si o)er#!. Ai+i ins! opere!,! +erere! si o)er#! *e "one*! +!re *e#er"in! "!s! "one#!r!.