Communication

Nonverbal

Language

Context

Behavioral

Norms

Really?
I am so happy!

Non-Verbal Communication
Body Movement Eye contact

Personal space
Touch Smell Appearance

Non-Verbal Communication

Body movement

Body Language Facial Expressions Gestures Movement

GESTURES

A GESTURE QUIZ
SOME GOOD SOME NEUTRAL SOME BAD SOME VERY BAD

CHINESE GESTURES?

Facial expressions

Body language

Non-Verbal Communication

Eye usage

Eye contact Emotional expression/ interest Respect/ honesty/ flirting

Eye Contact
In the U.S., high status and confident people use more eye contact. Speakers speak with their eyes. Wide Eyes:
In China = anger In West = surprise or excitement

Eye contact

West vs. Non-westerners

In many cultures, people do not make eye contact in order to show respect & humility This is misunderstood by westerners 1. Ignoring or rejecting the speaker 2. Its a sign of disrespect
3. They may feel the person is not listening

Non-Verbal Communication

Personal Space

Personal space Privacy

A Hidden Social Rule in America

If a person comes within 2 meters of you, you must talk to them. Good morning At over 2 meters, if you make eye contact, you must talk to them. Hi
When you stop the eye contact, the conversation is over.

Personal Space.
If Americans work within 2 meters of each other, there must be an object between them. Americans think that it is hard to be in a large crowd. Become rigid.

How do you feel when this happens?

Non-Verbal Communication

Touch

Touching Hugging Kissing

When it is okay to touch? When is it not okay to touch?

Touch in greeting

Touch in celebrating

Touch in comforting

Friendship touch

Romantic touch

Accidental touch

Excuse me

Inappropriate touch?

Violent touch

Touching Others

We learn about touch as babies The book says that most touch in America is either violent or sexual
This is not true (the book is wrong!) It depends on the person

Hugging

Physical Affection
The textbook says that Chinese tend to be:
Closer to close friends and family More distant with other people

Examples of differences:
Chinese women friends holding hands American women friends hugging for hello and goodbye

Where do they kiss as a greeting?

In America non-romantic kissing is not common except for family members

Non-romantic kissing is more common in Muslim world Southern and eastern Europe
Usually on cheek, but sometimes on lips Usually same sex only

Non-Verbal Communication

Smell

Body odor/ breath Perfumes

Body & breath odor

In many cultures, body odor is normal or even desirable

In most western countries: body odor is avoided Body odor is associated with being unclean or sickness and is bad Americans fight body odor with deodorant or perfume

CODE VARIABLES NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION

CLOTHES STATUS UNIFORMS ADORNMENTS

personal APPEARANCE

CODE VARIABLES NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION

AMERICAN INFORMALITY VS. SIAS CANDLELIGHTING CEREMONY

personal APPEARANCE

CODE VARIABLES NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION SMELL & APPEARANCE THE WAY WE LOOK AND SMELL IS REALLY PART OF THE MESSAGE WE SEND: WHO WE ARE, OUR RELATIONSHIPS

2 Types Of Relational Cultures

Edward Hall says there are 2 types of culture

HIGH CONTACT & LOW CONTACT

High Contact
People want to be close to objects or people they are perceiving

Want to use all their senses

Use the inner part of eye

Low Contact
Greater space between the people and objects Because of the distance, peoples smell or heat are not factors, but the face is, for example: a frown or a smile

Full view of the Face

Low Contact
Further Apart

Leaning in

Formal Western Greeting Lean in to reach a distance to shake hands, back up.

High Contact

See the eyes not the full face Inner eye

Close enough to touch & smell each other

Space.
High VS Low
CONTACT

Moving from one culture to another

When a person from a high contact culture goes to a low contact culture, they feel that people are cold, lack human warmth, indifferent, and pay no attention to them!

Pg. 119,120