Reference Page # 1.

Date ____

Ions to Know: Memorize these!! 1. Ions on the Periodic Table Group 1: Li1+, Na1+, K 1+, Fr 1+

all have 1+ charge Group 2: Be 2+, Mg2+, Ca 2+, Sr 2+, Ba2+ all have 2+ charge Group 3: B 3+, Al 3+ Group 4: C4+, C 4 Group 5: N3 - , P 3 Group 6: O2 - , S 2 Group 7: F 1 - , Cl 1 - , Br 1 - , I 1 + ions are named using the element name and the word ion . example: lithium ion, sodium ion ions are named by replacing ine with ide example: chlor ide , fluor ide A. Rules: 1. Remember, metals are on the left. All metal ions have a positive charge. ex. Me+ 2. Nonmetals are on the upper right and nearly always have a negative charge.

2. Transition Metals - use Roman numerals The Roman numeral given with the element is equal to the charge. 2+ ex. Chromium (II ) is Cr Cr 2+ Cr 3+ Cu1+ Cu2+ Fe 2+ Fe 3+ Pb 2+ Pb 3+ Ni 2+ Ni 3+ Sn 2+ Sn 4+ Co2+ Co3+ Mn2+ Mn3+

3. Other ransition metals without Roman numerals: there are only TWO. Just memorize them: Silver Ag1+ Zinc Mercury (I) Mercury (II) Zn2+ Hg2 +2 Hg +2

1990 L.C.Lee; www.chemistar.com

Reference Page # 2. Date ____

Polyatomic Ions (poly - many) so these are ions with more than one atom 4. Ions related to Water H2O(l) + H2O(l) > OH+ H3O+ hydroxide hydronium O2 - oxide H+ hydrogen ion O22 - peroxide Hhydride 5. Ions containing C, H, O acetate C2H3O21 carbonate 6. Ions containing chlorine: chloride hypochlorite chlorite chlorate perchlorate Cl 1 ClO 1 ClO 21 ClO 31 ClO 41 -

CO32 -

bicarbonate

HCO31 -

7. Chromium ions: (note: chromium is very toxic) chromate CrO 42 Both have charge of 2dichromate Cr 2O72 d i - means 2. Double Cr; O is almost double. 8. Sulfur and nitrogen ions: Already know sulfide S 2 sulfide sulfite sulfate S2 SO32 SO42 HSO31HSO41 nitrite nitrate NO21 NO31 used as food preservatives; some are carcinogens. Apply same process as Cl:

hydrogen sulfite hydrogen sulfate 9. Miscellaneous ions ammonium cyanide NH41+ CN1 -

also called bisulfite

phosphate PO43 permanganate MnO41 -

1990 L.C.Lee; www.chemistar.com