Quadric Surfaces

Equation Types of surfaces

Ellipsoid Hyperboloid of one sheet Hyperboloid of two sheets Elliptic paraboloid Hyperbolic paraboloid Elliptic cone (degenerate)

Ax 2 + By 2 + Cz 2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0

(traces)

Butler CC Math Friesen

Quadric Surfaces - Traces

TJ Murphy, OU

Traces are cross sections parallel to a plane. The xy trace is found by setting z = 0. The yz trace is found by setting x = 0. The xz trace is found by setting y = 0.
(traces) Traces applet Jon Rogness, Univ Minn.

Butler CC Math Friesen

Quadric Surfaces
Ax 2 + By 2 + Cz 2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0

Elliptic paraboloid z = 4x2 + y2

(traces)

Example: For the elliptic paraboloid z = 4x2 + y2 : xy trace - set z = 0 0 = 4x2 + y2 This is point (0,0) yz trace - set x = 0 z = y2 Parabola in yz plane. xz trace - set y = 0 y = 4x2 Parabola in xz plane. Trace z = 4 parallel to xy plane: Set z = 4 4 = 4x2 + y2 or x2 + y2 /4 = 1. This is an ellipse parallel to the xy plane.

Butler CC Math Friesen

Quadric Surfaces
Ax 2 + By 2 + Cz 2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0

Hyperboloid of one sheet

-x2 + y2/9 + z2/4 = 1

Example: xy trace - set z = 0 -x2 + y2/9 = 1 Hyperbola in the xy plane yz trace - set x = 0 y2/9 + z2/4 = 1 Ellipse in yz plane. xz trace - set y = 0 -x2 + z2/9 = 1 Hyperbola in xz plane.

(traces)

Butler CC Math Friesen

Quadric Surfaces
Ax 2 + By 2 + Cz 2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0

Hyperboloid of two sheets

-x2 + y2/9 - z2/4 = 1

(traces)

Butler CC Math Friesen

Quadric Surfaces
Ax 2 + By 2 + Cz 2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0

Ellipsoid

x2 + y2/9 + z2/4 = 1

(traces)

Butler CC Math Friesen

Quadric Surfaces
Ax 2 + By 2 + Cz 2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0

Hyperbolic Paraboloid

z = x2 - y2
xy trace - set z = 0 x2 = y2 This is two lines through (0,0) yz trace - set x = 0 z = -y2 Parabola in yz plane xz trace - set y = 0 y = x2 Parabola in xz plane Grapher Polyray Butler CC Math Friesen

Quadric Surfaces - Graphers

Ax 2 + By 2 + Cz 2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0
Multitype grapher; does
implicit and explicit functions
Yanto Suryano, Japan Explicit grapher

Easiest to use; but z = f(x,y) form only

POLYRAY does implicit polynomials (goto calculators | polyray)

Xiao Gang, WIMS, France

Can do implicit plots f(x,y,z)=0 Tips: Shift X toggles axes on and off For big image: Right click on image: new display POLYRAY alternate WSU link

Butler CC Math Friesen

Hyperbolic Paraboloids
x2-y2 = cz -1 c 1

(traces)

TJ Murphy, OU

Butler CC Math Friesen

Paraboloids

(traces)

TJ Murphy, OU

Parabola by Maureen Bell, Scotland Wax, silk, rivets, and washers Butler CC Math Friesen

Ellipsoids

(traces)

TJ Murphy, OU

Winning entry in the 2003 Kansas Poultry Association Decorated Egg Contest Butler CC Math Friesen

Hyperboloids Descending
x2+y2-z2 = c -1 c 1

(traces)

TJ Murphy, OU

Butler CC Math Friesen

Hyperboloid Examples

(traces)

TJ Murphy, OU

Butler CC Math Friesen

Kobe, Japan

Modeling

Modeling software is based on pieces of quadric surfaces

TJ Murphy, OU

Butler CC Math Friesen

Quadric Surface Modeling

(traces)

TJ Murphy, OU

Butler CC Math Friesen

Quadric Surfaces - Transformations

Quadric surfaces can be modified in several ways

Stretching
Modifying a, b, or c causes the surface to stretch or shrink

z = x2 + y2
Butler CC Math Friesen

z = x2/4 + y2

Quadric Surfaces - Transformations

Rotations
Interchanging variables in the standard equation of a surface rotates the surface

z = x2 - y2
Butler CC Math Friesen

x = y 2 - z2

Quadric Surfaces - Transformations Translation

You may shift a surface using the translations
Dennis Nykamp, Univ. of Minn-Translations

xx-h yy-k zz-L

x2 + y2 - z2 = 1 Butler CC Math Friesen

x2 + y2 - (z+1)2 = 1