Why do Muslims engage in Holy War?

The word jihad is a word frequently used in the media to mean holy war, yet jihad has never been referred to in this way in the Quran. In fact, the term holy war was coined in Europe during the period of the Crusades. In Arabic, the word jihad means to strive, struggle and exert effort. It is a central and broad Islamic concept that primarily means to struggle against evil inclinations within oneself. Islam is not confined to the boundaries of the individual but extends to the welfare of society and humanity in general. An individual cannot keep improving himself/herself in isolation from what happens in their community or in the world at large. Hence it also means struggle to improve the quality of life in society and the struggle against injustice, oppression and tyranny. In accordance with accepted international norms, Islam does permit fighting in self-defence, as a last resort, or on behalf of those who have been expelled forcibly from their homes. However it lays down strict rules of combat that include prohibitions against harming civilians and against destroying crops, trees and livestock; the Quran also insists on cessation of fighting as soon as the need for self-defence has gone. Fight in the cause of God against those who fight you, but do not transgress limits. God does not love transgressors. (Surah Al Baqarah, Chapter 2 verse 190) If they seek peace, then you seek peace. And trust in God for He is the One that hears and knows all things. (Surah Al Anfal, Chapter 8, verse 61)