Energy

Efficient HVAC
Design

Guidelines Proposed
Mandatory Clause

Technical Guidelines Benefits
Development of Building Regulations and Guidelines to
Achieve Energy Efficiency in Bangalore City


CHAPTER 5 Energy Efficient HVAC Design

5.1 Guideline

AcIIeve InsIde u desIgn condILIon In u condILIoned spuce us
recommended by LIe NBC wILI un energy-eIIIcIenL HVAC
desIgn by IoIIowIng munduLory requIremenLs us recommended
In LIe ECBC oI ndIu.






































Development of Building Regulations and Guidelines to
Achieve Energy Efficiency in Bangalore City
Energy
Efficient HVAC
Design

Guidelines Proposed
Mandatory Clause

Technical Guidelines Benefits
5.2 Mandatory clause

TIe InsIde desIgn condILIons oI u condILIoned spuce
sIouId conIorm Lo LIe recommenduLIons In NBC zoo.
TIe ouLsIde desIgn condILIons sIuII be In uccordunce
wILI LIe condILIons specIIIed In NBC zoo.
EIIIcIency oI LIe HVAC equIpmenL sIouId be us
recommended by LIe ECBC zoo;.


5.3 Technical notes

Air conditioning
AIr condILIonIng Is LIe process oI LreuLIng uIr so us Lo conLroI
sImuILuneousIy ILs LemperuLure, IumIdILy, purILy, dIsLrIbuLIon,
uIr movemenL, und pressure Lo meeL LIe requIremenLs oI LIe
condILIoned spuce.

TIe objecLIve oI InsLuIIIng venLIIuLIon und uIr condILIonIng In u
buIIdIng Is Lo provIde condILIons Lo peopIe so LIuL LIey cun IIve
und work In comIorL, suIeIy und eIIIcIenLIy.

n common perspecLIve, uIr condILIonIng Is generuIIy ussocIuLed
Lo cooIIng und deIumIdIIIcuLIon durIng LIe summer und
monsoon seusons. wIen IeuL Is exLrucLed Irom LIe spuce.

TIe IoIIowIng ure LIe guIdeIInes Lo ucIIeve energy eIIIcIency In
un uIr-condILIonIng sysLem desIgn:
L sIouId be noLed LIuL LIe IIrsL sLep Lo reduce energy
consumpLIon In un uIr-condILIonIng sysLem Is Lo reduce
dependence on uIr condILIonIng. TIereIore, IL Is suggesLed Lo
deIIneuLe spuces LIuL need uIr condILIonIng und LIuL do noL need
uIr condILIonIng. ReducLIon In LIe uIr-condILIoned ureu cun
reduce boLI AC Iouds und energy consumed. Areus, sucI us
IobbIes, corrIdors, und uLrIum, need noL be uIr condILIoned In
LIe moderuLe cIImuLe oI BunguIore. TIe nexL sLep Is Lo opLImIze
LIe cooIIng Ioud by judIcIousIy seIecLIng InsIde desIgn
condILIons, ouLdoor desIgn condILIons, venLIIuLIon ruLe, und
precooIIng oI IresI uIr requIred Ior muInLuInIng good Indoor
quuIILy by properIy recoverIng IeuL or energy Irom LIe cooI
exIuusL uIr. InuIIy, IL`s LIe eIIIcIenL equIpmenL seIecLIon
coupIed wILI udequuLe compuLer operuLed conLroIs, wIIcI
opLImIzes LIe energy perIormunce oI uIr-condILIonIng sysLems.








Development of Building Regulations and Guidelines to
Achieve Energy Efficiency in Bangalore City
Energy
Efficient HVAC
Design

Guidelines Proposed
Mandatory Clause

Technical Guidelines Benefits

5.3.1 Guidelines on optimization of cooling load estimation

1nside design condition
A LIermuI comIorL condILIon In un uIr-condILIoned spuce Is
deIIned by LIe desIred dry buIb LemperuLure und reIuLIve
IumIdILy. TIe NBC oI ndIu specIIIes LIe InsIde desIgn
condILIons In uIr-condILIoned spuces Ior some oI LIe buIIdIng
uppIIcuLIons, wIIcI ure gIven In TubIe .1 beIow.

Table 5.3.1: Inside design conditions for air-conditioned spaces in the
Bangalore city
S. No. Category Inside design conditions
(I) Restaurants DB 23 to 26 C
RH 55 to 60%
(ii) Office buildings DB 23 to 26 C
RH 55 to 60%
(iii) Radio and television studios DB 23 to 26 C
RH 45 to 55%
(iv) Departmental stores DB 23 to 26 C
RH 50 to 60%
(v) Hotel guest rooms DB 23 to 26 C
RH 50 to 60%
(vi) Classroom DB 23 to 26 C
RH 50 to 60%
(vii) Auditoriums DB 23 to 26 C
RH 50 to 60%
(viii) Recovery rooms DB 24 to 26 C
RH 45 to 55 %
(ix) Patient rooms DB 24 to 26 C
RH 45 to 55 %
(x) Operation theatres DB 17 to 27 C
RH 45 to 55 %
(xi) Museums and libraries DB 20 to 22 C
RH 40 to 55 %
(xii) Telephone terminal rooms DB 22 to 26 C
RH 40 to 50 %
DB: Dry bulb temperature, RH: Relative humidity








Development of Building Regulations and Guidelines to
Achieve Energy Efficiency in Bangalore City
Energy
Efficient HVAC
Design

Guidelines Proposed
Mandatory Clause

Technical Guidelines Benefits

Ootdoor design conditions
TIe ouLdoor desIgn condILIons Ior LIe BunguIore cILy Ior cooIIng
Ioud esLImuLIon sIuII be In uccordunce wILI LIe condILIons gIven
In LIe NBC und reproduced In TubIe ..z beIow.

Table 5.3.2: Recommended outdoor design conditions for the Bangalore city for
cooling load estimation
Cooling DB/MCWB Cooling WB/MCDB
0.4 % 1.0 % 2.0 % 0.4 % 1.0 % 2.0 %
DB
MCW
B DB MCWB DB MCWB WB MCDB WB MCDB WB MCDB
34.7 19.6 34 19.6 33.1 19.2 23.5 28.9 22.9 28.2 22.5 27.7
DB: Dry bulb temperature, MCWB: Mean coincidental wet bulb temperature,
WB: Wet bulb temperature, MCDB: Mean coincidental dry bulb temperature


VuIues oI umbIenL dry-buIb und weL-buIb LemperuLures uguInsL
LIe vurIous unnuuI percenLIIes represenL LIe vuIue LIuL Is
exceeded on uveruge by LIe IndIcuLed percenLuge oI LIe LoLuI
number oI Iours. TIe o.q, 1.o, und z.o% vuIues ure exceeded on
uveruge , 88, und 1; I, respecLIveIy, In u yeur.

or normuI comIorL jobs, vuIues In 1% coIumn sIouId be used
Ior cooIIng Ioud esLImuLIon.

or crILIcuI uppIIcuLIons, vuIues In o.q% coIumn sIouId be used
Ior cooIIng Ioud esLImuLIon.

Minimum outside fresh oir or oentilotion rote
TIe IresI uIr suppIy Is requIred Lo muInLuIn un uccepLubIe non-
odorous uLmospIere (by dIIuLIng body odor und Lobucco smoke)
und Lo dIIuLe LIe curbon dIoxIde exIuIed. TIe quunLILy muy be
udded per person und Is reIuLed Lo LIe occupunL densILy und
ucLIvILy wILIIn LIe uIr-condILIoned spuce.

TIe mInImum venLIIuLIon ruLe, wIIcI Is Lo be muInLuIned In uIr-
condILIoned spuces In LIe BunguIore cILy, sIuII conIorm Lo LIe
mInImum venLIIuLIon ruLes recommended In LIe breuLIIng zone
In ASHRAE SLundurd 6z.1, zoo; (venLIIuLIon Ior uccepLubIe
Indoor quuIILy).








Development of Building Regulations and Guidelines to
Achieve Energy Efficiency in Bangalore City
Energy
Efficient HVAC
Design

Guidelines Proposed
Mandatory Clause

Technical Guidelines Benefits
Outdoor Air
Supply Air
Exhaust Air
Outside Air
Damper
Energy recovery
wheel
Return Air Air
EA and OA Filters

TIe mInImum venLIIuLIon ruLes Ior oIIIce buIIdIng spuces ure
reproduced In TubIe .. beIow.







Table 5.3.3: Minimum ventilation rates in the breathing zone
(This table is not valid in isolation; it must be used in conjunction with the
accompanying notes)
People Outdoor Air
Rate RP
Area Outdoor
Air Rate Ra
Notes Occupant
Density (see
Note 4)
Combined Outdoor
Air Rate (see Note 5)
Occupancy
category
cfm/person L/s
person
cfm/ft
2
L/s
m
2

#/1000 ft
2
or
#/100 m
2

Cfm/person L/s
person
Air
Class
Office Buildings
Office space 5 2.5 0.06 0.3 5 17 8.5 1
Reception
areas
5 2.5 0.06 0.3 30 7 3.5 1
Telephone/data
entry
5 2.5 0.06 0.3 60 6 3.0 1
Main entry
lobbies
5 2.5 0.06 0.3 10 11 5.5 1










Development of Building Regulations and Guidelines to
Achieve Energy Efficiency in Bangalore City
Energy
Efficient HVAC
Design

Guidelines Proposed
Mandatory Clause

Technical Guidelines Benefits
Precooling oI Iresh uir reqoired Ior muintuining good
IAQ
TIe ouLdoor IresI uIr Is necessury In un uIr-condILIoned
envIronmenL Lo muInLuIn good Indoor quuIILy, buL sInce LIIs uIr
Is uL IIgIer LemperuLure us compured Lo LIe reLurn uIr
LemperuLure Irom LIe uIr-condILIoned spuce, IL udds Lo LIe
cooIIng demund oI LIe spuce. TIereIore, In order Lo muxImIze
LIe beneIIL oI ouLdoor IresI uIr und mInImIze ILs ImpucL on LIe
cooIIng Ioud und subsequenLIy on energy use In un uIr-
condILIoned sysLem, precooIIng oI ouLdoor IresI uIr beIore IL
geLs mIxed up wILI LIe reLurn uIr Irom LIe uIr-condILIoned
spuce, wIIcI Is uL room LemperuLure, Is recommended. TIe pre-
cooIIng oI ouLdoor IresI uIr cun be currIed ouL wILI LIe IeIp oI
un energy recovery wIeeI (ERV).

Inergy recovery wheel
n un energy recovery wIeeI or enLIuIpy wIeeI (see Igure
beIow), energy recovery Is provIded by druwIng ouLsIde uIr
ucross IuII oI LIe enLIuIpy wIeeI und druwIng exIuusL uIr ucross
LIe oLIer IuII. uLenL IeuL und sensIbIe IeuL ure LrunsIerred
Irom LIe IoLLer und moIsL exIuusL uIr Lo LIe coIder und dry
ouLsIde uIr durIng wInLer condILIons. uLenL IeuL und sensIbIe
IeuL ure LrunsIerred Irom LIe IoLLer und moIsL ouLsIde uIr Lo LIe
cooIer und dry exIuusL uIr durIng summer condILIons. An
energy recovery conLroI consIsLs oI sLurLIng und sLoppIng un
exIuusL Iun, moduIuLIng LIe speed oI LIe exIuusL Iun, sLurLIng
und sLoppIng un enLIuIpy wIeeI, opLIonuIIy conLroIIIng LIe
speed oI LIe enLIuIpy wIeeI, und openIng und cIosIng u seL oI
bypuss dumpers. TIe ouLdoor dumpers ure conLroIIed In LIe
normuI munner.

AIr-IundIIng unILs or LreuLed IresI uIr sysLems LIuL Iuve boLI u
desIgn suppIy uIr cupucILy oI ooo cubIc IeeL mInuLe (cIm) or
greuLer und Iuve u mInImum ouLdoor uIr suppIy oI ;o% or
greuLer oI LIe desIgn suppIy uIr quunLILy sIuII Iuve un energy
recovery sysLem wILI uL IeusL o% recovery eIIecLIveness. IILy
percenL energy recovery eIIecLIveness sIuII meun u cIunge In LIe
enLIuIpy oI LIe ouLdoor uIr suppIy equuI Lo o% oI LIe
dIIIerence beLween LIe ouLdoor uIr und reLurn uIr uL desIgn
condILIons. ProvIsIons sIuII uIso be mude Lo bypuss or conLroI
LIe energy recovery sysLem Lo permIL un uIr-economIzer
operuLIon.









Development of Building Regulations and Guidelines to
Achieve Energy Efficiency in Bangalore City
Energy
Efficient HVAC
Design

Guidelines Proposed
Mandatory Clause

Technical Guidelines Benefits
Cooling demund
L Is recommended LIuL Ior dIIIerenL buIIdIng LypoIogIes In
BunguIore, LIe cooIIng demund or Ioud sIuII noL exceed oo
ILzJTR.

Air conditioning power density
L Is recommended LIuL LIe connecLed eIecLrIcuI Ioud oI LIe
enLIre uIr condILIonIng sysLem sIuII noL exceed ; WJILz.

TIe uIr condILIonIng sysLem power densILy Is cuIcuIuLed by
dIvIdIng LIe LoLuI connecLed eIecLrIcuI Ioud oI LIe enLIre uIr
condILIonIng sysLem In wuLLs by LoLuI uIr condILIoned ureus In
ILz.

5.2.2 Guidelines on AHU specifications to achieve energy efficiency

Air-hundling onits
An uIr IundIer or uIr-IundIIng unIL (oILen ubbrevIuLed Lo AHU)
Is u devIce used Lo condILIon und cIrcuIuLe uIr us purL oI u
IeuLIng, venLIIuLIng, und uIr-condILIonIng (HVAC) sysLem.

ComponenLs: An uIr IundIer Is u Iurge meLuI box conLuInIng u
bIower, IeuLIng undJor cooIIng eIemenLs, IIILer rucks or
cIumbers, sound uLLenuuLors, und dumpers. AIr IundIers
usuuIIy connecL Lo ducLwork LIuL dIsLrIbuLes LIe condILIoned uIr
LIrougIouL LIe buIIdIng und reLurns IL Lo LIe AHU.

Air system design shull be eqoipped to operute in 1oo%
ootside Iresh uir mode

Niht purin
n duyLIme buIIdIngs, wIIcI ure onIy occupIed In duyLIme, uIr-
condILIoned sysLems ure kepL swILcIed oII durIng LIe nIgIL und
on weekends. TIuL meuns excessIve IeuL Is noL removed Irom
spuces durIng LIuL perIod. TIIs IeuL remuIns In LIe spuce und
wIen uIr-condILIoned sysLems ure swILcIed on LIe nexL duy In
LIe mornIng, LIe IeuL LIus buIIL up needs Lo be removed. TIuL
compeIs uIr-condILIonIng sysLems Lo operuLe uL IIgIer Ioud und
Ior Ionger duruLIon und Increuses energy consumpLIon. AL nIgIL,
wIen LIe ouLsIde LemperuLure drops In BunguIore, LIe cooIed uIr
cun be used Lo IIusI LIe excessIve IeuL Irom LIe spuces durIng
nIgIL und LIIs Is Lermed us nIgIL purgIng. However, nIgIL
purgIng Is onIy possIbIe II more und more ouLsIde IresI uIr Is
pumped In LIe spuces durIng LIe nIgIL or eurIy mornIng. TIe








Development of Building Regulations and Guidelines to
Achieve Energy Efficiency in Bangalore City
Energy
Efficient HVAC
Design

Guidelines Proposed
Mandatory Clause

Technical Guidelines Benefits
exIsLIng AHUs ure desIgned Lo provIde onIy requIred ouLsIde
IresI uIr, wIIcI Is generuIIy zo% oI LIe LoLuI uIr quunLILy
cIrcuIuLed by LIe AHUs. n nIgIL purgIng, recIrcuIuLIon oI uIr Is
unwunLed, sInce IL wouId noL be ubIe Lo remove excessIve IeuL.
TIereIore, AHUs sIuII Iuve provIsIons wILI LIe IeIp oI sensors,
dumpers, suppIy, undJor reLurn Iuns Lo operuLe In 1oo% IresI
uIr mode Ior nIgI purgIng Lo eIImInuLe or reduce IeuL buIIL up
durIng LIe nIgIL und weekends.

Iree cooling
Airside economizers
TIey cun suve energy In buIIdIngs by usIng cooI ouLsIde uIr us u
meuns oI cooIIng LIe Indoor spuce. WIen LIe enLIuIpy oI LIe
ouLsIde uIr Is Iess LIun LIe enLIuIpy oI LIe recIrcuIuLed uIr,
condILIonIng LIe ouLsIde uIr Is more energy eIIIcIenL LIun
condILIonIng LIe recIrcuIuLed uIr. WIen LIe ouLsIde uIr Is
suIIIcIenLIy cooI, no uddILIonuI condILIonIng Is needed; LIIs
porLIon oI LIe uIrsIde economIzer conLroI scIeme Is cuIIed Iree
cooIIng.

AIrsIde economIzers cun reduce HVAC energy cosLs In coId und
LemperuLe cIImuLes, wIIIe uIso poLenLIuIIy ImprovIng LIe Indoor
uIr quuIILy und sIuII be used In LIe moderuLe cIImuLe oI
BunguIore, wIerever uppIIcubIe.

AIrsIde economIzers sIouId be desIgned In uccordunce wILI
ASHRAE qo.1.zoo;, wIIcI Is expIuIned beIow.

Desin ccpccit
AIr-economIzer sysLems sIuII be cupubIe oI moduIuLIng LIe
ouLdoor uIr, und LIe reLurn uIr dumpers Lo provIde up Lo 1oo%
oI LIe desIgn suppIy uIr quunLILy us ouLdoor uIr Ior cooIIng.

Control sincl
EconomIzer dumpers sIuII be cupubIe oI beIng sequenced wILI
LIe mecIunIcuI cooIIng equIpmenLs und sIuII noL be conLroIIed
by onIy mIxed uIr LemperuLure. However, LIe use oI LIe mIxed
uIr LemperuLure IImIL conLroI sIuII be permILLed Ior LIe sysLems
conLroIIed Irom spuce LemperuLure e.g. sIngIe-zone sysLems.











Development of Building Regulations and Guidelines to
Achieve Energy Efficiency in Bangalore City
Energy
Efficient HVAC
Design

Guidelines Proposed
Mandatory Clause

Technical Guidelines Benefits
High-limit shotoII
AII uIr economIzers sIuII be cupubIe oI uuLomuLIcuIIy reducIng
ouLdoor uIr InLuke Lo LIe desIgn mInImum ouLdoor uIr quunLILy
wIen ouLdoor uIr InLuke Is no Ionger reducIng cooIIng energy
usuge. TIe IIgI-IImIL sIuLoII conLroI Lypes und seLLIngs Ior
LIose conLroIs sIuII be us recommended In ASHRAE SLundurd
qo.1.zoo;.

AHUs Lo be equIpped Lo vury LIe suppIy uIr cupucILy
AHUs ure sIzed Ior LIe peuk Ioud condILIon wIIcI seIdom
occurs. MosL oI LIe LIme AHUs operuLe uL purL Ioud condILIons.
I LIe operuLIng cupucILy oI LIe AHUs ure noL conLroIIed In
conjuncLIon wILI LIe cooIIng demund, IL wouId Ieud Lo
overcooIIng, wIIcI, In Lurn, cuuses boLI dIscomIorL und energy
wusLuge. TIe AHUs used In mosL oI LIe comIorL cooIIng ure
consLunL uIr voIume wIIcI meuns LIuL, LIe uIr quunLILy LIey
cIrcuIuLe Is consLunL und Ience Iun operuLes uL consLunL speed.
TIe purL Ioud-operuLIng cupucILy oI AHUs cun be conLroIIed
eILIer by IncreusIng LIe suppIy uIr LemperuLure, wIIcI Is
possIbIe by vuryIng LIe cIIIIed wuLer IIow In u coII wILI LIe sume
uIr quunLILy or by vuryIng LIe uIr quunLILy buL keepIng LIe
suppIy uIr LemperuLure sume. However, IL Ius been observed
LIuL LIe besL comIorL condILIons cun be provIded, II AHUs Iuve
provIsIons Ior boLI.

L Is recommended LIuL AHUs sIuII Iuve LIe provIsIon Lo vury
LIe suppIy uIr quunLILy In response Lo LIe vuryIng cooIIng
demund wILI u mInImum suppIy uIr cupucILy oI up Lo o% oI LIe
desIgn suppIy uIr cupucILy. TIIs cun be ucIIeved by InsLuIIIng
vurIubIe Irequency drIves on consLunL speed Iuns IILLed In AHUs.

VurIubIe Irequency drIves (VDs) ure devIces used Ior vuryIng
LIe speed oI Iuns Lo exucLIy muLcI LIe suppIy uIr quunLILy
requIred Lo provIde requIred cooIIng In LIe condILIoned spuce.
A VD consIsLs oI un InpuL recLIIIer (wIIcI converLs AC Lo DC)
IoIIowed by un InverLer (LIuL InverLs DC Lo AC) connecLed
LIrougI u DC InLermedIuLe voILuge IInk und operuLes In
response Lo LIe reLurn uIr LemperuLure.

AHL minimom Iun eIIiciency
TIe energy-consumIng componenL In AHUs Is LIe Iun und Iun
eIIIcIency pIuys un ImporLunL roIe In enIuncIng LIe overuII
eIIIcIency oI LIe uIr-condILIonIng sysLems. orwurd curved,
buckwurd curved or rudIuI Lypes oI cenLrIIuguI Iuns ure generuIIy








Development of Building Regulations and Guidelines to
Achieve Energy Efficiency in Bangalore City
Energy
Efficient HVAC
Design

Guidelines Proposed
Mandatory Clause

Technical Guidelines Benefits
used In AHUs. or Iuns Iess LIun 6 bIp (breuk Iorse power), LIe
Iun eIIIcIency sIuII noL be Iess LIun 6% und Ior Iuns 6 bIp und
Iurger, LIe Iun eIIIcIency sIuII noL be Iess LIun 8o%.


Minimom eIIiciency oI motors
Two-poIe und Iour-poIe, LIree-pIuse squIrreI cuge InducLIon
moLors ure generuIIy used In uIr-condILIonIng sysLems. TIe
mInImum eIIIcIency oI moLors sIuII be In compIIunce wILI LIe
nomInuI eIIIcIency oI eII-1 Lype menLIoned In TubIe ..q Ior z
poIes & q poIes moLors In ndIun sLundurd S 1z61: zooq -
Energy eIIIcIency InducLIon moLors - TIree pIuse squIrreI cuge
(IrsL RevIsIon).
Table5.3.4: Values of performance characteristics of two-pole and four-pole
energy-efficient induction motors
Rated
output
Two-pole motor nominal
efficiency
Four-pole motor nominal
efficiency
(kW) for eff 1 for eff 1
(%) (%)
0.37 70.2 73
0.55 74 78
0.75 77 82.5
1.1 82.8 83.8
1.5 84.1 85
2.2 85.6 86.4
3.7 87.5 88.3
5.5 88.6 89.2
7.5 89.5 90.1
9.3 90 90.5
11 90.5 91
15 91.3 91.8
18.5 91.8 92.2
22 92.2 92.6
30 92.9 93.2
37 93.3 93.6
45 93.7 93.9
55 94 94.2
75 94.6 94.7
90 95 95
110 95 95.2








Development of Building Regulations and Guidelines to
Achieve Energy Efficiency in Bangalore City
Energy
Efficient HVAC
Design

Guidelines Proposed
Mandatory Clause

Technical Guidelines Benefits
Rated
output
Two-pole motor nominal
efficiency
Four-pole motor nominal
efficiency
(kW) for eff 1 for eff 1
(%) (%)
125 95.3 95.5
132 95.3 95.5
160 95.5 95.8


5.2.3 Guidelines for energy-efficient chillers

A cIIIIer Is u devIce LIuL removes IeuL Irom u IIquId vIu u
vuporcompressIon or ubsorpLIonreIrIgeruLIon cycIe. TIIs
cooIed IIquId IIows LIrougI pIpes In u buIIdIng und pusses
LIrougI coIIs In uIr IundIers, Iun-coII unILs, or oLIer sysLems,
cooIIng und usuuIIy deIumIdIIyIng LIe uIr In LIe buIIdIng.
CIIIIers ure oI Lwo Lypes: uIr-cooIed or wuLer-cooIed. AIr-cooIed
cIIIIers ure usuuIIy ouLsIde und consIsL oI condenser coIIs cooIed
by Iun-drIven uIr. WuLer-cooIed cIIIIers ure usuuIIy InsIde u
buIIdIng, und IeuL Irom LIese cIIIIers Is currIed by re-cIrcuIuLIng
wuLer Lo ouLdoor cooIIng Lowers.

Chiller eIIiciency us per the ICBC recommendutions
{Ioot note oI ASHRAI qo.1.oo, to be incloded)
AII cooIIng equIpmenLs sIuII meeL or exceed LIe mInImum
eIIIcIency requIremenLs presenLed In LIe LubIe beIow:
S. No. Equipment class Minimum COP
Minimum
IPLV
Test standard
1
Unitary air cooled air conditioner 19 and <40 kW ( 5.4
and <11 tons )
3.08 ARI 210/240
2 Unitary air cooled air conditioner 40 to <70 kW (11 to 3.08 ARI 340/360
3 Unitary air cooled air conditioner 70 kW (20 tons) 2.93 2.99 ARI 340/360
4
Unitary water cooled air conditioner <19 kW (<5.4 tons) 4.1 ARI 210/240
5 Unitary water cooled air conditioner 19 and <40 kW (5.4
and <11 tons )
4.1 ARI 210/240
6 Unitary water cooled air conditioner <40 kW (11 tons ) 3.22 3.02 ARI 210/240
S. No. Equipment class Minimum COP
Minimum
IPLV
Test standard
1 Air cooled chiller <530 kW (<150 tons) 2.9 3.16 ARI 550/590-1998
2 Air cooled chiller 530 kW (150 tons) 3.05 3.32 ARI 550/590-1998
3
Centrifugal water cooled chiller < 530 kW (<150 tons) 5.8 6.09 ARI 550/590-1998








Development of Building Regulations and Guidelines to
Achieve Energy Efficiency in Bangalore City
Energy
Efficient HVAC
Design

Guidelines Proposed
Mandatory Clause

Technical Guidelines Benefits
S. No. Equipment class Minimum COP
Minimum
IPLV
Test standard
4
Centrifugal water cooled chiller 530 and <1050 kW (
150 and <300 tons)
5.8 6.17 ARI 550/590-1998
5
Centrifugal water cooled chiller 1050 kW ( 300 tons) 6.3 6.61 ARI 550/590-1998
6
Reciprocating compressor, water cooled chiller all sizes 4.2 5.05 ARI 550/590-1998
7 Rotary screw and scroll compressor, Water Cooled Chiller
<530 kW
4.7 5.49 ARI 550/590-1998
(<150 tons)
8 Rotary screw and scroll compressor, water cooled 5.4 6.17 ARI 550/590-1998
Chiller 530 and <1050 kW
(150 and <300 tons)
9
Rotary screw and scroll compressor, water cooled chiller
1050 kW
5.75 6.43 ARI 550/590-1998



5.4 Benefits

Tungible und intungible beneIits

A IIIe cycIe cosL unuIysIs (CC) Ius been currIed ouL Ior u
1o-I duyLIme operuLIng buIIdIng, IocuLed In LIe
BunguIore cIImuLe, wILI convenLIonuI uIr condILIonIng
sysLems us weII us ECBC-compIIunL uIr-condILIonIng
sysLems. L Ius been Iound LIuL wILIIn LIe InILIuI 6 yr oI
operuLIon, LIe exLru cosL Incurred Lowurds InsLuIIIng LIe
ECBC-compIIunL HVAC sysLems cun be recovered und In
LIe subsequenL yeurs subsLunLIuI energy suvIngs cun be
ucIIeved. TIe CC resuILs Iuve been sIown In LIe grupI
gIven beIow.
ECBC-compIIunL HVAC sysLems cun suve energy In LIe
runge oI ;8% oI LIe LoLuI energy consumpLIon oI u
buIIdIng.
OverdesIgnIng oI LIe HVAC sysLem cun be uvoIded II LIe
Indoor und ouLdoor desIgn condILIons ure cIosen us per
LIe NBC zoo recommended vuIues.








Development of Building Regulations and Guidelines to
Achieve Energy Efficiency in Bangalore City
Energy
Efficient HVAC
Design

Guidelines Proposed
Mandatory Clause

Technical Guidelines Benefits
nLungIbIe beneIILs: Reduced probIems oI LIe sIck
buIIdIng syndrome due Lo proper HVAC desIgn und IresI
uIr InLuke.


AssumpLIon consIdered In HVAC sysLem Ior
ConvenLIonuI Cuse und ECBC compIIunL sysLem -
o ConvenLIonuI - HVAC sysLem consIdered Is
PTAC (Puckuged LermInuI uIr condILIoner) wILI
EER us 8.o und Iun power us o.ooo1q bIpJcIm
o ECBC SysLem - CenLruIIzed cooIIng pIunL wILI
cenLrIIuguI cIIIIer oI COP us 6.

Payback Period
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Years
A
m
o
u
n
t

i
n

l
a
k
h

r
u
p
e
e
s
Incremental Investment Cumulative savings