Se cere sa se intocmeasca proiectul unei constructii civile avand destinatia: bloc de locuinte.
Structura cladirii se va proiecta cu diafragme din beton armat (monolit sau prefabricat).
In cadrul proiectului se studiaza urmatoarele probleme:
Alcatuirea peretilor, planseelor, fundatiilor si a acoperisului
Detalii constructive privind acoperisul, peretii, planseele, pardoselile si fundatia
Proiectul va cuprinde urmatoarele:
A. Piese scrise
1. dimensionarea termica a peretilor si a acoperisului
2. verificarea riscului de condens
3. verificarea capacitatii de izolare acustica la pereti si plansee
4. verificarea structurii la gruparea speciala de incarcari
5. verificarea fundatiilor
B. Piese desenate
1. plan etaj curent
2. sectiune transversala
3. plan fundatii
4. plan fatada & plan terasa
5. plan parter
(1:50)
(1:50)
(1:50)
(1:100)
(1:50)
AII
100
AI + AII + AIII
e = 0.86
c)
0.11
0.024
0.001 0.056
+
+
+
= 0.632m 2 K / W
2.03 1.1 0.04 0.17
1.74
0.19
R II =
= 0.109m 2 K / W
1.74
0.10 0.001
0.05
0.04
R III =
+
+
+
= 1.123m 2 K / W
1.74
0.17 1.2 0.04 1.74
RI =
A + A + A
II
III
R = e I
AI + AII AIII
R
R II R III
I
A + A + A
II
III
= 0.86 I
AI + AII AIII
R
R II R III
= 27.5
2
m
Calculul la difuzie
Calculul elementelor exterioare la difuzia vaporilor de apa are drept scop optimizarea conceptiei si a
alcatuirii constructive a acestora, in scopul protejarii impotriva umezirii excessive si a evitarii
fenomenelor de putrezire, mucegai.
I. Verificarea posibilitatii de condens pe fata elementului (panouri) in axul puntii termice.
Condensarea are loc atunci cand presiunea efectiva a vaporilor devine egala cu valoarea de
saturatie. Pentru a nu aparea condens trebuie ca:
( r )
S =12oC
- functie de umiditate: i = 60 0 0
S > r
e = 80 0 0
i = 20 0 0
r = 12 oC
R '0 + (R 0 R '0 )
0.161 + 0.23( 3.00 0.161)
(
)
SI = i =
=
20
0.125
im i
c
R 0 R '0
3.00 0.161
1.117( 20 + 12 ) SI = 12.47 oC
1
= 0.125 m2K/W
i
m - coefficient de masivitate
m=1.225-0.05*D=1.225-0.05*2.15=1.117
di
0.10
0.14
0.04
D = R i Si =
Si =
16.25 +
0.29 +
16.25 = 2.15
bii
1.74
1.2 0.04
1.74
Deoarece SI =12.47oC > r =12oC nu apare condens
R 0 = 0.125 + 0.44 +
1 = i
0.14
0.14
+
= 3.17 m2K/W
1.74 1.2 0.04
1
= 20 0.125 = 19.88 oC
i
Pstrat 1=2320 Pa
i em 1
20 0.5
0.10
+ R I = 20
0.125 +
= 19.45 oC
R 0 i
3
.
17
1
.
74
Pstrat 2=2261 Pa
2 = i
3 = i
i em 1
20 0.5
0.10
0.14
+ R I + R II = 20
+
0.125 +
=
R 0 i
3.17
1.74 1.2 0.04
em 1
+ R I + R II + R III = 10.64 oC Pstrat 4=1282 Pa
4 = i i
R 0 i
4 ' = 20
9.5
3.17 =10.5 oC
3.17
Im ed =
II Im ed
I Im ed =
19.45 + 10.71
=15.08 oC ;
2
Mj
k j
R v = R vI + R vII + R vIII = d ij
Pvi =
Determinarea incarcarilor
Stabilirea incarcarilor gravitationale:
Se face in conformitate cu normativul P100/92 privind proiectarea antiseismica
Peretele exterior
Nr.
1
2
3
4
5
Denumire
strat
Tencuiala
interioara
Strat B.A.
PEX
Strat B.A.
Tencuiala
exterioara
Grosime
[m]
[daN/m3]
gn
[daN/m2]
ni
g
[daN/m2]
0.015
1700
25.5
25.5
0.10
0.14
0.04
2500
20
2500
250
2.8
100
1
1
1
250
2.8
100
0.02
1700
34
34
Suma
412.3
412.3
Peretele interior
Nr.
1
2
3
Denumire
strat
Tencuiala
Strat B.A.
Tencuiala
Grosime
[m]
0.015
0.14
0.015
[daN/m3]
1700
2500
1700
gn
[daN/m2]
25.5
350
25.5
ni
1
1
1
g
[daN/m2]
25.5
350
25.5
Suma
401
Denumire
strat
Tencuiala
Strat B.A.
Zgura
PFL dur
Parchet
Nr.
1
2
3
4
5
Suma
[daN/m3]
1900
2500
700
90
800
gn
[daN/m2]
28.5
250
28
13.5
17.6
337.6
Grosime
[m]
0.015
0.10
[daN/m3]
1900
2500
gn
[daN/m2]
28.5
250
0.02
2200
0.01
Grosime
[m]
0.015
0.10
0.015
Grosime
[m]
0.015
0.10
0.04
0.05
0.022
g
[daN/m2]
28.5
250
28
13.5
17.6
337.6
ni
1
1
1
1
1
Denumire
strat
Tencuiala
Strat B.A.
Sapa
egalizare
Mozaic
Nr.
1
2
3
4
Suma
401
1
1
g
[daN/m2]
28.5
250
44
44
2100
21
343.5
21
343.5
[daN/m3]
1700
600
1700
gn
[daN/m2]
25.5
60
25.5
111
ni
Pereti despartitori
Denumire
strat
Tencuiala
BCA
Tencuiala
Nr.
1
2
3
Suma
g
[daN/m2]
25.5
60
25.5
111
ni
1
1
1
Calculul peretilor
E1
412.3
25
Suprafete
Sp
Sf
St
[m2] [m2] [m2]
5.52 2.88 8.4
E2
412.3
25
5.76
1.80
7.56
E3
412.3
25
4.08
1.80
5.88
Tipul
gplin
gtampl
elem. [daN/m2] [daN/m2]
Greutate
Gp
Gf
Gt
[daN] [daN] [daN]
2275.9
72
2347.9
2374.8
45
2419.9
5
1682.1
1728.1
45
8
8
Nr.
Elem.
identice
4
9391.6
9659.6
3454.36
GT
[daN]
E4
412.3
25
6.84
0.72
7.56
E5
412.3
25
3.84
0.36
4.20
E6
412.3
9.24
9.24
E7
412.3
25
4.68
0.36
5.04
I1
401
8.96
8.96
I2
401
25
7.28
1.68
8.96
I3
401
25
6.25
8.12
1.89
I4
401
25
5.39
7.28
1.89
I5
401
5.60
5.60
I6
401
25
2.87
4.76
1.89
2820.1
3
1583.2
3
3809.6
5
1929.5
6
3592.9
6
2919.2
8
2498.3
2161.3
9
2245.6
1150.8
7
2838.1
3
1592.2
3
3809.6
5
1938.5
6
3592.9
6
2961.2
8
2545.5
3
2208.6
9
2345.6
1198.1
7
18
9
9
42
47.3
47.3
47.3
2838.13
1592.23
15238.6
3877.12
28743.68
5922.56
10182.12
8834.76
4491.20
2396.34
106654.2
Terasa
Denumire
strat
Tencuiala
Planseu
Strat de
panta
Strat BCA
Strat suport
Hidroizolatie
Protectie
hidroizolatie
Nr.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Grosime
[m]
0.01
0.1
[daN/m3]
1900
2500
gn
[daN/m2]
19
250
0.05
2200
0.05
0.03
0.01
0.04
1
1
g
[daN/m2]
19
250
110
110
600
2200
1200
30
66
12
1
1
1
30
66
12
1600
64
64
Suma
ni
551
551
g [daN/m2]
Pard. Pard.
calda rece
Suprafata [m2]
Greutatea [daN]
Sc
Sr
St
Gc
P1
343.5
8.03
8.03
P2
343.5
6.80
6.80
P3
343.5
4.73
4.73
P4
337.6
8.98
3.60
12.58
P5
337.6
8.05
8.05
3031.6
5
2717.6
Gr
Gt
2758.3
1
2355.8
1624.7
6
2758.3
1
2335.8
1624.7
6
4268.2
5
2717.6
1236.6
-
Nr.
elem.
Greutatea
Aseman.
1
2758.31
2335.8
1624.76
17073
10870.72
P6
337.6
6.30
6.30
P7
343.5
9.26
9.26
8
2126.8
8
8
2126.8
8
3180.8
1
3180.8
1
4253.76
6361.62
45277.97
Greut.
Greutate
Suprafata
echiv. a
Nr. de
Tip
GT
echiv.
perete
peretilor
elemente
g
Gh
element
[daN]
[daN/m2]
[m2]
din
asemenea
[daN/m2]
[daN/m]
incapere
D1
111
310.8
150
4.76
714
2
1428
Incarcarile verticale se considera la stabilirea incarcarilor seismice se refera la sarcinile
provenite din exploatarea cladirii, inclusive incarcarile din zapada
Incarc. utila
Tip
Supr.
planseu incapere
circul.
P1
200
P2
200
P3
150
P4
150
P5
150
P6
150
P7
200
343.5
Suprafata [m2]
Greutatea [daN]
Si
Sc
St
Gi
Gc
4.73
12.58
8.05
6.30
-
8.03
6.80
9.26
8.03
6.80
4.73
12.58
8.05
6.30
9.26
709.5
1887
1207.6
945
-
1606
1360
1852
Nr.
elem.
Greutatea
Gt
Aseman.
1606
1
1606
1360
1
1360
709.5
1
709.5
1887
4
7548
1207.6
4
4830
945
2
1890
1852
2
3704
21647.5
Gk
Gk*hk
hk2
Gk*hk2
G k h k
G k h k
0.09787
0.09787
0.09787
0.09787
0.09787
k = hk
ck=k
Sk=ck*Gk
0.2740
0.5480
0.8220
1.0960
1.3700
0.02466
0.04932
0.07398
0.09864
0.1233
3995.4
7990.8
11986.2
15981.6
19196
59150
Diafragma transversala T1
Montantul M1;
bp=b+bdr=14+70=84 cm
Am=0.8+0.28+3.15*0.28+1.75*0.14+0.7*0.28= 1.547 m2
0.28 * 4.0
=1.02 m2
1 .1
0.28 * 4.2 + 0.52 * 0.28 * 3.86 + 0.14 * 1.75 * 0.77
Yg1=
=1.98 cm
0.28 * 4 + 0.52 * 0.28 + 0.14 * 1.75
0.28 * 4 3
0.52 * 0.283
Im1=
+0.28*4*0.022+
+0.14*1.75*1.212=2.37 m4
12
12
Amf1=
Montantul M2
bp=b+bdr=14+75=89 cm
Am=33*0.28+0.28*0.8+0.75*0.28+1.75*0.14=1.603 m2
0.28 * 4.2 2
=1.04 m2
1. 1
0.28 * 4.2 * 2.1 + 0.52 * 0.28 * 0.14 + 0.14 * 1.75 * 3.65
YG2=
4.2 * 0.28 + 0.52 * 0.28 + 0.14 * 1.75
Am2f=
=2.16 cm
Im2=
1.75 * 0.143
0.28 * 4.2 3
0.52 * 0.283
+0.28*4.2*0.02+
+0.52*0.28*2.022+
12
12
12
+0.14*1.76*1.212=2.69 m2
L=1.98+0.6+(4.2-2.16)=4.62 m
Adancimea de incastrare a riglei:
0.4>=0.35*hr=0.35*0.6=0.21 m
hr=2.8-0.1-0.6=0.6 m
Lungimea golului:
l0=0.6 m
Lungimea de calcul a riglei:
l=l0+2*a=0.6+2*0.21=1.02 m
Placa planseului nu conlucreaza cu rigla
Ir=
0.28 * 0.6 3
=0.00504 m4
12
Diafragma transversala T2
Montantul M1=M2
bp=b+bdr=14+70=84 cm
Am=0.54*0.14+3.15*0.14+1.4*0.28=0.91 m2
Am1=
0.14 * 3.15
=0.4 m2
1.1
YG1=
Im1=
0.54 * 0.283
0.14 * 3.153
0.28 * 1.4 3
+0.54*0.28*2.252+
+0.14*3.15*0.6052+
12
12
12
+0.28*1.4*1.112=1.84 m2
Diafragma transversala T3
Montantul M1
bp=b+bdr=14+155=169 cm
Am=1.55*0.14+0.3*0.14+3.15*0.14+0.28*1.3=1.064 m2
Am1f=
0.14 * 73
=0.47 2
1.1
YG1 =
Montantul M2
bp=14+155=169 cm
Am=1.55*0.14*1*0.14+1.64*0.14=0.59 m2
A m 2f =
YG 2 =
0.14 * 1.64
= 0.21 m2
1.1
0.14 * 1.643
1.55 * 0.14 3
1 * 0.14 3
+ 0.14 * 1.64 * 0.18 2 +
+ 1.55 * 0.14 * 0.07 2 +
+
12
12
12
+ 1.014 * 0.07 2 = 0.06 m4
Im2 =
Montantul M3
bp=14+100=114 cm
(latimea de conlucrare)
Am=1.20*0.28+0.14*1.3=0.518 cm
A m 3f =
YG 3 =
I m3 =
0.14 * 1.58
= 0.20 m2
1.1
1.2 * 0.283
0.14 * 1.33
+ 1.2 * 0.28 * 0.28 2 +
+ 0.14 * 1.3 * 0.512 = 0.10 m4
12
12
Rigla M1M2=M2M3
Adancimea de incastrare a riglei
a=0.35*hr=0.35*0.6=0.21 m
hr=2.8-2.1-0.1=0.6 m
Lungimea golului
l0=0.9 m
Lungimea de calcul a riglei
l=l0+2a=0.9+2*0.21=1.32 m
Momentul de inertie al riglei
Ir =
0.14 * 0.6 3
= 0.0025 m4
12
0.14 0.6
= 0.07 m2
1.2
kr
km
kr=rigiditatea riglei
km=rigiditatea montantului
1
1
=
= 0.491
30I r
30 * 0.00504
1
+
1+
0.14 * 1.02 2
A rf * l 2
G * Er * Ir L
6 * 0.68 * 10 9 * 0.00504 4.62
kr =
* =
* 0.491 = 203074609.8
L
4.62
l
1.02
Em=Ebeton=2.7*109 daN/m2
km =
E m * I m 2.7 * 10 9 * 2.53
=
= 2439642857
h etaj
2.8
Im =
2.69 + 2.37
= 2.53 m4
2
k r 203074609.8
=
= 0.08
k m 2439642857
1 + 4I m
= 1.46
A m * L2
I0 =
2
I m = 5.50 m4
1
3=0.516
=0.08
I es =
s * I0
0.516 * 5.5
=
= 2.64 4
s * I0
0.516 * 5.5
m
1 + 10.87 * 2
1+ V * 2
14 * (1.02 + 1.04)
H * A mf
G * E r * Ir L
6 * 0.68 * 10 9 * 0.0025 3.73
* =
*
Kr1=
* 0.62 = 38254958.16
L
3.73
l
1.32
1
1
=
= 0.62
30 * I r1 2
30 * 0.025
2
1+
* 1.32
1+
*l
0.07
A rf 1
3
K m1 =
E m * I m1 2.7 * 10 9 * 2.33
=
= 2246785714
h etaj
2.8
K m2 =
E m * I m 2 2.7 * 10 9 * 0.06
=
= 57857142.86
h etaj
2.8
K m3 =
E m * I m 3 2.7 * 10 9 * 0.1
=
= 96428571.43
h etaj
2.8
2 * K r
2( 38254958.16 + 25746187.08)
=
= 0.053
K m
2246785714 + 57857142.86 + 96428571.43
=1+
I0 =
I es =
I m 1
1
1
= 1.23
+
+
2
L 1 n A m1 A m 2 A m 3
1.23
( 2.33 + 0.06 + 0.1) =13.32 m4
* I m =
( 1)
1.23 1
s * I0
0.245 * 13.32
=
= 2.71 4
s * I 0
0.245 * 13.32
m
1 + 10.87 * 2
1 + Vs * 2
14 * (0.47 + 0.21 + 0.2)
H * A mf
Vs=10.87
=1.23
=0.053
s=0.245
Tipul
diafragmei
Tipul
diafragmei
Nr.
daifragme
Nr.
identice
daifragme
identice
Forta
orizontala
Forta
unif.
orizontala
distr.
unif.
gs [daN]
distr.
gs [daN]
Momentul
Momentul
de inertie
de inertie
cumulat al
cumulat al
diafragmei
diafragmei
Ies
Ies
Momentul
de
Momentul
inertie al
de
diafragmei
inertie al
diafragmei
asemenea
asemenea
Forta
orizontala
ce revine
unei
diafragme
pe dir. X
4=1.3
5=2.3/4
T1
2.64
7041.67
5.28
1029.35
T2
1.84
7041.67
7.36
717.43
T3
2.71
7041.67
5.42
1056.64
18.06
Determinarea fortei seismice orizontale ce revine fiecarei diafragme
gs =
2n * s
2 * 5 * 59150
=
= 7041.67 daN
( n 1) H
(5 1) * 14
Diafragma T1
Mme
Qme
Mm1
Mm2
Qm1
Qm2
[kNm]
[kN]
[kNm]
[kNm]
[kN]
[kN]
3917.76
4446.74
-2287.22
-2596.04
582.33
660.96
2609.36
2961.68
-1070.50
-1215.04
549.59
623.80
1481.86
1681.94
-237.88
-270
444.28
504.26
636.88
722.85
292.41
331.88
331.88
376.69
Sectiunea
ms
0-1
15.81
4364.09
1-0
-9.23
-2547.79
1-2
10.53
2906.63
2-1
-4.32
-1192.46
2-3
5.98
1650.68
3-2
-0.96
-264.99
3-4
2.57
709.41
4-3
-1.18
325.72
648.68
612.21
494.89
369.69
4-5
157.34
5-4
419.57
206.03
141.25
160.89
160.89
376.66
427.52
184.95
184.95
209.93
H=14 m
=1.46
=0.08
Im1=2.37
2 * ms * gs * H 2
M jk =
10000
I mc = 2.64
Im2=2.69
Me
Qme
M1=M2=Me
Qm1=Qm2=Qme
[kNm]
[kN]
[kNm]
[kN]
Sectiunea
ms
0-1
22.0
6072.74
1-0
-16.0
-4416.53
1-2
16.0
4416.53
2-1
-10.4
-2870.53
2-3
10.4
2870.53
3-2
-5.60
-1545.79
3-4
5.60
1545.79
4-3
-2.00
-552.07
4-5
2.00
552.07
5-4
0.00
0.0
Im1=Im2= I m 3 =1.84 m4
591.5
552.06
473.2
354.9
197.17
6072.74
-4416.53
4416.53
-2870.53
2870.53
-1545.79
1545.79
-552.07
552.07
0.0
591.5
552.06
473.2
354.9
197.17
Peretele exterior
SE =
1 * 3 0.1
=1.45 m2
2
N5-4=qatic*hatic*S0e=484*0.91*1+551*1.45=1239.39 daN
N4-5=N5-4+qEc*he=1239.39+412.3*2.8=2393.83 daN
N4-3=N4-5+qpe*S0e=2393.83+337.6*1.45=2883.35 daN
N3-4=N4-3+qEc*he=2883.35+412.3*2.8=4037.79 daN
N3-2=N3-4+qp*S0e=4037.79+337.6*1.45=4527.31 daN
N2-3=N3-2+qEc*he=4527.31+412.3*2.8=5681.75 daN
N2-1=N2-3+qp*S0e=5681.75+337.6*1.45=6171.27 daN
N1-2=N2-1+qEc*he=6171.27+412.3*2.8=7325.71 daN
N1-0=N1-2+qpe*S0e=7325.71+337.6*1.45=7815.23 daN
N0-1=N1-0+qEc*he=7815.23+412.3*2.8=8969.67 daN
NSE=8969.67+337.6*1.45+412*2=10283.19
Peretele interior
SI=1.5+1.5*1=3 m2
N5-4=qter*S0I=551*3=1653 daN
N4-5=N5-4+qic*he=1653+401*2.8=2775.8 daN
N4-3=N4-5+qpc*S0I=2775.8+337.6*3=3788.6 daN
N3-4=N4-3+qic*he=3788.6+401*2.8=4911.4 daN
N3-2=N3-4+qpc*S0I=4911.4+337.6*3=5924.2 daN
N2-3=N3-2+qic*he=5924.2+401*2.8=7047 daN
N2-1=N2-3+qpc*S0I=7047+337.6*3=8059.8 daN
N1-2=N2-1+qic*he=8059.8+401*2.8=9182.6 daN
N1-0=N1-2+qpc*S0I=9182.6+337.6*3=10195.4 daN
N0-1=N1-0+qic*he=10195.4+401*2.8=11318.2 daN
Calculul fundatiilor
Peretele exterior
N=10283.19 daN
pen=2 daN/cm2
impunem hf=50 cm
b fnec =
N
10283.19
=
= 0.55m b = 60cm
p h f * b 20000 0.5 * 2500
n
Verificarea de rigiditate
a=16 cm
tan =
h f 50
=
= 3.12 > tan min = 1.3
a 16
Peretele interior
N=13133 daN
pin=2 daN/cm2
impunem hf=50 cm
b fnec =
N
13133
=
= 0.70m b = 70cm
p h f * b 20000 0.5 * 2500
n
Verificarea de rigiditate
a=20 cm
tan =
h f 50
=
= 2.5 > tan min = 1.3
a 20