NRI INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY BHOPAL

PROBLEM 1:- A steel rod 20mm diameter passes centrally through a steel tube 25mm internal diameter and 40mm external diameter. The tube is 750mm long and is closed by rigid washer of negligible thickness which is fastened by nuts threaded on the rod. The nuts are tightened until the compressive load on the tube is 20kN. Calculate the stresses in the tube and the rod. Find the increase in these stresses when one nut is tightened by one quarter of a turn relative to the other. There are 0.4 threads per mm length. Take E=200GN/m2.

(Answer: 1 : = 26.1 , = 63.6 () 2 : = 48.47 , = 118.19 ()) PROBLEM 2:- A steel rod 20mm in diameter passes centrally through a steel tube of 25mm internal diameter and 30mm external diameter. The tube is 800mm long and is closed by rigid washers of negligible thickness which are fastened by nuts threaded on the rod. The nuts are tightened until the compressive load on the tube is 20kN. Calculate the stresses in the tube and the rod. Find the increase in these stresses when one nut is tightened by one-quarter of a turn relative to the other. There are four threads per 10mm. Take = 2 105 /2 .

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NRI INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY BHOPAL

(Answer: Case 1: When the compressive load of 20kN = 92.599 /2 () , = 63.66 /2 () Case 2: When one nut is tightened by one quarter of a turn = 92.59 /2 , = 63.65 /2 ) PROBLEM 3:- A copper sleeve, 21mm internal and 27mm external diameter, surrounds a 20mm steel bolt, one end of the sleeve being in contact with the shoulder of the bolt. The sleeve is 60mm long. After putting a rigid washer on the other end of the sleeve, a nut is screwed on the bolt through 10 degrees. If the pitch of the threads is 2.5mm, find the stresses induced in the copper sleeve and steel bolt. ES=200GN/m2, Ec=90GN/m2

(Answer: - = 56.6 /2 () , = 78.75 /2 ()) COMPILED BY AMIT SINGH 9827740442

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NRI INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY BHOPAL

PROBLEM 4:- A steel bolt of 500mm length and 18mm diameter passes coaxially through a steel tube of same length and 20mm internal diameter and 30mm external diameter. The assembly is rigidly fixed at its both ends by washers. If one of the nuts is tightened through 450, find the stresses developed in the steel rod and steel tube. Take pitch of the threads as 2.4mm and E for the steel as 200GPa. (Answer: - = 72.8 (), = 47.2 ()) PROBLEM 5:- A steel rod 20mm diameter passes centrally through a copper tube of 25mm internal diameter and 35mm external diameter. Copper tube is 800mm long and is closed by rigid washer of negligible thickness, which is fastened by nut threaded on the rod. The nuts are tightened till the load on the assembly is 20kN. Calculate the initial stresses in the copper tube and steel rod. Also calculate increase in the stresses, when one nut is tightened by one-quarter of a turn relative to the other. Take pitch of the thread as 1.6mm. Take E for steel and copper as 200GPa and 100GPa respectively. (Answer: - = 21.2, = 31.8, 1 = 28.6 , 1 = 42.9 () PROBLEM 6:- A solid copper rod 300mm long and 40mm diameter passes axially inside a steel tube of 50mm internal diameter and 60mm external diameter. The composite bar is tightened by using rigid washers of negligible thickness. Determine the stresses in copper rod and steel tube, when the nut is tightened so as to produce a tensile load of 100kN in the copper rod.

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NRI INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY BHOPAL

(Answer: - = 79.5 (), = 115.75 ()) PROBLEM 7:- A steel bolt and sleeve assembly is shown. The nut is tightened up on the tube through the rigid end blocks until the tensile force in the bolt is 40kN. If an external load 30kN is then applied on the end blocks, tending to pull them apart, estimate the resulting force in the bolt and sleeve.

(Answer: Stress due to tightening the nut = 81.5(), = 36.23(), Stresses due to tensile force, , = 16(), = 20(),

= 0.0478(), = 0.0179())
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NRI INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY BHOPAL

PROBLEM 8:- A steel rod of 10mm diameter passes centrally through a copper tube of external diameter 40mm and internal diameter 30mm and length 2m. The tube is closed at each end by 20mm thick steel plates which are screwed by the nuts. The nuts are tightened until the copper tube is reduced to length 1.9996m. Find the stresses in the rod and the tube. If the whole assembly is heated through 600C, what are then the stresses in the rod and the tube? Assuming that the thickness of the plates remains unchanged? Es=210GN/m2 Ec=100GN/m2 = 12 106 per0C = 17.5 106 per0C

(Answer: 1 : = 20 , = 140 () 2 : = 27.17 , = 190 ()) PROBLEM 9:- A steel rod of 16mm diameter and 3m length passes through a copper tube of 50mm external and 40mm internal diameter and of the same length. The tube is closed at each end with the help of 30mm thick steel plates which are tightened by nuts till the length of the copper tube is reduced by 0.6mm. The temperature of the whole assembly is raised by 560C. Determine the stresses in the steel and copper before and after the rise of temperature. Assume COMPILED BY AMIT SINGH 9827740442

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NRI INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY BHOPAL

that the thickness of the steel plates at the ends do not change during tightening of the nuts. = 210 = 100 = 12 106 /0C = 17 106 /0C

(Answer: - Stress in copper=29.87MPa (c), Stress in Steel=104.9MPa (t)) PROBLEM 10:- A steel rod, one of 75mm diameter and other of 55mm diameter, are joined end to end by means of a turn buckle. The other end of each rod is rigidly fixed and there is initially a small tension in the rods. If the effective length of each rod is 4.5m, find the increase in this tension when the turn buckle is turned by one-quarter of a turn. On one end of the bigger diameter rod there are 0.15 threads per mm length, while there are 0.2 threads per mm length on the other rod. Neglect the extension of the turn buckle. Find also what rise in temperature would nullify the increase in tension. = 200, = 12 106 /0C

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NRI INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY BHOPAL

(Answer: - = 200241 (t), 540C) PROBLEM 11: - A steel rod 40mm diameter is fixed concentrically in a brass tube having outside and inside diameters of 60mm and 50mm respectively. Both the rod and the tube are 0.5m long and their ends are level. The compound rod is held between two stops which are exactly 0.5m apart and the temperature of the bar is then raised by 500C. (i) Find the stresses in the rod and the tube if the distance between the stops (a) Remains constant (b) Is increased by 0.2mm Find the increase in the distance between the stops if the forces exerted between them is 60kN. = 200 = 90 = 1.2 105 /0C = 2.1 105 /0C

(ii)

(Answer: - s = 120MN/m2, b = 94.5MN/m2, s =40MN/m2, b =58.5MN/m2(c), 0.262mm) PROBLEM 12: - A steel tube 2.4cm external diameter and 1.8cm internal diameter encloses a copper rod 1.5cm diameter to which it is rigidly connected at the two ends. If at a temperature of 100C there is no longitudinal stress, calculate the stresses in the rod and the tube when the temperature is raised to 2000C. COMPILED BY AMIT SINGH 9827740442
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NRI INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY BHOPAL

= 2.1 105 /2 = 1.0 105 /2 (Answer: - s = 83.13MN/m2, c = 93.41MN/m2) PROBLEM 13: - A copper bar 50mm in diameter is placed within a steel tube 75mm external diameter and 50mm internal diameter of exactly the same length. The two pieces are rigidly fixed together by two pins 18mm in diameter, one at each end passing through the bar and tube. Calculate the stresses induced in the copper bar, steel tube and pins if the temperature of the combination is raised by 500C. = 210 = 105 = 11.5 106 0 = 17 106 0 = 11 106 0 = 18 106 0

(Answer: - s = 16.5MN/m2, c = 20.63MN/m2, pin = 79.57MN/m2) PROBLEM 14: - A brass rod of 6mm diameter and 1m long is joined at one end to a rod of steel 6mm diameter and 1.3m long. The compound rod is placed in a vertical position with the steel rod at the top and connected top and bottom are connected to rigid fixing in such a way that it is carrying a tensile load of 3.5kN. An attachment is fixed at the junction of the two rods and to this a vertical load of 1.3kN is applied downwards. Calculate the stresses in steel and brass. The temperature is then raised through 300C. What are the final stresses in steel and brass? COMPILED BY AMIT SINGH 9827740442
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= 200 = 85 = 12 106 0 = 19 106 0

(Answer: - s = 96.39MN/m2 (t), b = 50.41MN/m2 (t)) PROBLEM 15: - A steel rod of 30mm diameter is enclosed in a brass tube of 42mm external diameter and 32mm internal diameter. Each is 360mm long and the assembly is rigidly held between two stops 360mm apart. The temperature of the assembly is then raised by 500C. Determine

(i) (ii) (iii)

Stress in the tube and the rod Stresses in the tube and the rod if the stops yields by 0.15mm Yield of the stops if the force at the stops is limited to 60kN. = 205 = 90 = 11 106 0 = 19 106 0

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NRI INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY BHOPAL

(Answer: - b = 85.5MPa (c), s = 112.75MPa(c), b = 48MPa (c), s = 27.33MPa(c), 0.127mm) PROBLEM 16: - Figure shows a frame work, the rigid horizontal bar ABC is supported by a steel rod and a copper bar. The mechanism is stress free at 200C. Find the stresses in the bars when the temperature rises to 500C. Take area of steel and copper as 800mm2 and 600mm2 respectively. = 200 = 120 = 12 106 0 = 18 106 0

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(Answer: - = 35.48, = 135) PROBLEM 17: - Three bars, of aluminum, steel, and copper, support a rigid bar which is centrally placed. All the bars have the same area. The aluminum bar is 1m long. Find the length of the steel and the copper bar and the stresses in the bars if the rigid bar remains horizontal when the temperature rises by 400C. = 70/2 = 200/2 = 120/2 = 23 106 0 = 12 106 0 = 16 106 0

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(Answer: - Ls = 1.917m, Lc = 1.438m, s= 96MPa, c = 76.8MPa) PROBLEM 18: - A bar of length L and cross-sectional area A is fixed to a rigid support at one end and to a spring of stiffness k at the other end as shown in the figure. Derive a formula for stress in the bar caused by an increase in temperature if the coefficient of thermal expansion is for the bar.

(Answer: -

1+

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NRI INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY BHOPAL

PROBLEM 19: - A steel bar 1.5m long and 12mm diameter is supported by a rigid support at one end and a spring of stiffness 10kN/mm at the other. If the temperature of the bar is raised by 200C, find the stress in the bar. = 11.6 106 0 = 200

(Answer: - = 18.4/2 ) PROBLEM 20: - A copper rod and a steel rod are joined together. There is a gap of 0.1mm between the rigid support and the end of the bar at 270C. Determine the stresses in the bars when the temperature becomes 500C. = 200/2 = 120/2 = 12 106 0 = 16 106 0

(Answer: - 0.062) PROBLEM 21: -A bar, 20mm diameter and fixed at A, is stretched with a force of 10kN to bring to support B and fix it. Length AB = 2m. Temperature is 270C. COMPILED BY AMIT SINGH 9827740442
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NRI INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY BHOPAL

Determine at what temperature will the stress become zero? What will be the stress in the bar if the temperature rises to (i) 400C (ii) 500C.? = 200/2 = 12 106 0

(Answer: - 23.4/2 ()) PROBLEM 22: - The steel rod shown is in two parts. It has a diameter of 10mm for a length of 1m and of 20mm for the remaining length of 1.5m. If it is constrained between two supports A and B and is stress free at 200C, find the stress in the material when it is heated to 700C. If the part CB was of brass, what would be the stress in the two materials? = 200/2 = 105/2 = 12 106 0 = 19 106 0

(Answer: - = 218.18/2 , = 54.54/2 ) COMPILED BY AMIT SINGH 9827740442

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NRI INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY BHOPAL

PROBLEM 23: - A steel bolt of cross-sectional area 600mm2 is fitted snugly in a 900mm2 aluminum collar. The pitch of the bolt is 2mm. Determine (i) (ii) The stress in steel bolt and aluminum collar if the bolt is given 1/8th turn. Take moduli of steel and aluminum as 210GPa and 70GPa. If the temperature also increased by 500C. Take the coefficient of thermal expansion for steel and aluminum to be = 18 106 // and = 23 106 // respectively. If an external load of 60kN is applied on the same bolt and aluminum collar assembly. Calculate the stresses in steel bolt and aluminum collar.

(iii)

Answer: CASE 1 CASE 2 CASE 3 = 175 = 192.5 = 125.83 = 116.7 = 128.34 = 150.56

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