Atoll 3.1.0 Wimax v2

ATOLL WiMAX FEATURES ATOLL WiMAX FEATURES
Training Programme
1. WiMAX Concepts
2. WiMAX Planning Overview
3. Modelling a WiMAX Network
4. WiMAX Predictions
5. Neighbour Allocation
6. Diversity Modelling
7 Segmentation Modelling 7. Segmentation Modelling
8. Resources Automatic Planning
9. Frequency and Preamble Index Plan Analysis
10 Monte Carlo Based Simulations 10. Monte-Carlo Based Simulations
Forsk 2011 Slide 2 of 156 Confidential Do not share without prior permission
1. WiMAX Concepts
OFDM/OFDMA Basics
WiMAX Overview
OFDM/OFDMA Basics
OFDM Definition
Benefits of OFDM
OFDM Channel Structure
OFDMA definition
OFDM Definition (1/2)
OFDM = Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
Also known as Discrete MultiTone (DMT) or Multi-Carrier Modulation (MCM)
Advanced form of Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM)
FDM : single modulated radio signal per user
OFDM : hundreds to thousands of separated radio signals (subcarriers) using carriers spread across a OFDM : hundreds to thousands of separated radio signals (subcarriers) using carriers spread across a
wideband channel. In OFDM, the sub-carrier frequencies are chosen so that the sub-carriers are
orthogonal to each other
Time period for modulation: OFDM symbol
Adjustable guard periods : cyclic prefix (1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32 of the symbol length) used to dissipate
multipath effect
Symbol rate = f(channel bandwidth carrier spacing*) Symbol rate = f(channel bandwidth, carrier spacing*)
OFDM Definition (2/2)
OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)
Narrowband orthogonal carriers negligible inter-carrier-interference (ICI)
Centre point of subcarrier c intersects with
subcarriers c-1 and c+1 at their 0 values
Long symbol durations + cyclic prefix negligible inter-symbol-interference (ISI)
No ICI and ISI no intra-cell interference
Possibility to support less robust modulations like 64QAM, 16QAM, for higher throughput
Benefits of OFDM
Negligible Inter-carrier-interference (ICI)
Thanks to orthogonal subcarriers which can be transmitted by the use of Fast Fourier Transform
(equipment evolution) (equipment evolution)
Use of less robust modulation
Increased data rate
I d R ili (ISI) Improved Resilience (ISI)
Sending data across parallel carriers lower rate/carrier
Fewer modulation symbols longer symbol duration
Better chance to correctly sample signal
Efficient Usage of the Spectrum
Better Resistance to Frequency Selective Fading Channel Better Resistance to Frequency Selective Fading Channel
Multiple Access (Time and Frequency Multiplexing Techniques)
Choice of Carriers
Some OFDM systems can train themselves to use the more suitable subchannels in order to limit
interferences (e.g. AMC)
OFDM Channel Structure (1/2)
Symbols
Time
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1 OFDM symbol
OFDM Channel Structure (2/2)
OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)
Uses Fast Fourier Transform and digital filters in order to handle all the carrier information at
the same time
OFDM Channel Structure
One channel can be divided into more than one subchannel (Subchannelisation)
The smallest frequency unit that can be allocated to a user is a subchannel
One subchannel contains a number of subcarriers (or tones)
Different subcarriers: Pilot, Guard, Data, DC.
OFDMA Definition (1/2)
OFDMA : Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access
OFDM-TDMA
Each user is allocated the full channel for a certain period: capacity wasting
Users are multiplexed in time
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OFDMA
Each user can be assigned only a part of the entire channel for a certain period
Ability to subdivide the subcarrier population : more than one user served at a time
U lti l d i ti d i f Users are multiplexed in time and in frequency
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OFDMA Definition (1/2)
IEEE 802.16d uses OFDM-TDMA
IEEE 802.16e uses OFDMA
WiMAX Overview
Duplexing Methods
Subcarrier to Subchannel Allocation
Permutation Zones
Frequency Planning
Duplexing Methods
Time Division Duplexing (TDD)
Users multiplexed in time
S b d idth f DL d UL bf Same bandwidth for DL and UL subframes
Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD)
Users multiplexed in frequency p q y
One frequency band for DL subframe and one frequency band for UL subframe
Half Duplex FDD (H-FDD)
Users multiplexed in frequency and in time Users multiplexed in frequency and in time
One frequency band for DL subframe and one frequency band for UL subframe
DL traffic is first served, then UL traffic.
C fi ti Configuration
currently deployed
OFDM/OFDMA in WiMAX (1/2)
IEEE 802.16d uses OFDM-TDMA in the downlink but can use OFDMA in the uplink
Enables mobiles located far from the transmitter to concentrate their transmission power on a
smaller part of the total channel bandwidth for extended connectivity
Examples of frames with OFDM-TDMA only or OFDM-TDMA+OFDMA
DL subframe UL subframe
OFDM/OFDMA in WiMAX (2/2)
IEEE 802.16e uses OFDMA in the Downlink and in the Uplink
Definition: a subchannel is the elementary unit assigned to one user
it is constituted of several subcarriers distributed along the channel
Example in IEEE 802.16d
1 channel = 256 subcarriers
256 subcarriers spread across the channel width grouped into:
16 subchannels (of 12 subcarriers)
8 pilot subcarriers
56 null subcarriers (55 guard + 1 centre subcarriers) ( g )
Subchannelisation in IEEE 802.16e
UL and DL subchannelisation is mandatory in 802.16e. This helps to support mobility (speed
+ handovers) + handovers)
Two basic subchannelisation strategies (modes):
PUSC, FUSC, TUSC, OPUSC, OFUSC, etc. : Distributed subcarriers allocation
Over the channel total width for FUSC
AMC: Adjacent subcarriers allocation j
Possibility to select the more suitable subchannels in order to limit interferences
UL and DL Zone PermBase: seed number that defines, for every subchannel, the list of , y ,
Subcarriers to be used
DL Zone permbase values: from 0 to 31
UL Zone permbase values: from 0 to 69
Permutation Zones (1/2)
The IEEE 802.16e frame can have
Up to 8 permutation zones in the DL subframe
Up to 3 permutation zones in the UL subframe
The first permutation zones in DL and in UL are mandatory and always use the PUSC
subchannel allocation modes
Zone switch defined in the DL map
Permutation Zones (2/2)
Each mode is suited for a specific use
AMC (adaptive modulation coding) AMC (adaptive modulation coding)
Adjacent subcarriers
Low frequency diversity
Fixed or pedestrian users
PUSC (partial usage of subchannels)
Division of channel bandwidth in 6 subchannel groups
Each subchannel is obtained from subcarriers distributed over the same 6
th
of the channel
Protected against frequency-selective fading
More pilots for more secure information
Mobile users
FUSC (full usage of subchannels)
Each subchannels is obtained from subcarrier distributed over the channel width Each subchannels is obtained from subcarrier distributed over the channel width
Protected against frequency-selective fading (more than in PUSC)
High frequency diversity
Fixed or pedestrian users
Frequency Planning
Usual 1x3x1 and 1x3x3 Allocations
Ch 1 Ch 2 Ch 3
Frequency
Ch 1
Ch 1 Ch 1 Ch 2 Ch 3
Ch 1
Segmentation (like Fractional Frequency Reuse in LTE)
Possibility to allocate 3 segments of a channel to 3 sectors of a site (in 1
st
DL PUSC only)
Provides better spectrum usage and interference reduction
F1
F1
F2 F3 F1
F1
F3 F2
F3 F2
Ch 1
Ch 1 Ch 1
Ch 1
Training Programme
1. WiMAX Concepts
WiMAX Features Supported in Atoll
WiMAX Workflow in Atoll
Forsk 2011 Confidential Do not share without prior permission Slide 22 of 156
WiMAX Features Supported in Atoll (1/2)
Supports WiMAX Networks
Various Frequency Bands
Support of TDD and FDD Frame Structures
Possibility of Fixed Subscriber Database for FWA Applications
Support of Directional CPE Antennas
Support of Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) using Forsks Smart Antenna Model
Signal Level Based Coverage Planning
CINR Based Coverage Planning g g
WiMAX Features Supported in Atoll (2/2)
Supports WiMAX Networks
Supports Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) systems Supports Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) systems
Modelling of Space-Time Transmit Diversity (STTD/MRC, Matrix A)
Modelling of Single-User MIMO or Spatial Multiplexing (Matrix B)
Modelling of Multi-User MIMO (collaborative MIMO UL only)
Network Capacity Analysis using Monte Carlo Simulations
Scheduling and Resource Allocation in Two-dimensional Frames
Tools for Resource Allocation (OPTIONAL)
Automatic Allocation of Neighbours
Automatic allocation of Channels
Automatic allocation of Preamble Indexes
Specific Module
Automatic Allocation of DL & UL Zone Permbase
Network Verification Possible using Drive Test Data
WiMAX Workflow in Atoll
Open an Existing Project or
Create a new one
Network Configuration
Add N t k El t ACP - Add Network Elements
- Change Parameters
Basic Predictions
(Best Server, Signal Level)
ACP
Automatic or Manual Neighbour Allocation
Automatic or Manual Frequency Planning
Traffic Maps
Automatic or Manual Preamble Index Planning
User-defined
Values
Monte-Carlo
Simulations
Cell Load
Conditions
Subscriber Lists
And/or
Prediction Study
Reports
Signal Quality and
Throughput Predictions
Frequency Plan
Analysis
Training Programme
1. WiMAX Concepts
Global Settings
Frequency Band definition Frequency Band definition
Frame Structure Settings
Frame Configuration Frame Configuration
Radio Parameters
Site
Transmitters
Cells
Global Settings: Frequency Band
Frequency Bands
Atoll can model multi-band networks within the same document
TDD (Time Division Duplexing) or FDD (Frequency Division Duplexing)
One frequency band assigned to each cell
Global Settings: Frame Structure (1/2)
Open the Frame Structure Properties
Global Settings: Frame Structure (2/2)
WiMAX Frame Structure Definition
Percentage dedicated Duration of preamble g
to the DL and UL maps
in the corresponding
subframes
p
or permanent
information within
the frame
Transmit
Relative or absolute DL/UL
subframe ratio in the
and
receive
time
guards
WiMAX frame (TDD)
Frame duration
Global Settings: Frame Configuration (1/2)
Frame Configurations
To model the different frame configurations possible for WiMAX networks
Each frame configuration stores the following parameters:
Total number of subcarriers
Number of subcarriers used by the preamble
DL and UL Segmentation supported or not (on the first PUSC zone) DL and UL Segmentation supported or not (on the first PUSC zone)
DL and UL permutation zones definition
Subchannel allocation mode (PUSC, FUSC, AMC, etc.)
Number of used and data subcarriers
Number of subchannels per channel
Minimum quality threshold
Maximum distance covered
Maximum speed supported
Permutation zone priority
Antenna diversity support (AAS STTD/MRC SU MIMO AMS MU MIMO) Antenna diversity support (AAS, STTD/MRC, SU-MIMO, AMS, MU-MIMO)
Definition of secondary groups on the 1
st
DL PUSC zone
FFT 1024 and 2048 only
Each cell must have a frame configuration assigned g g
Global Settings: Frame Configuration (2/2)
Permutation Zones (WiMAX 802.16e only)
In predictions and during simulations, a permutation zone is assigned to a pixel, subscriber,
or mobile in DL and in UL depending on: or mobile in DL and in UL depending on:
Preamble C/N or C/I+N (as defined in Global Parameters Advanced Button)
Distance from the base station
The mobile speed
The permutation zone priority p p y
Radio Parameters Overview
Site
X (longitude) and Y (latitude)
Transmitters
Activity
Antenna configuration (model, height, azimuth, mechanical & electrical tilts...)
Presented in
General Features
g ( g )
UL & DL Losses / UL Noise Figure
Propagation (Model, Radius and resolution)
Cells Cells
Frequency Band & Channel
Preamble Index
Frame configuration
Power definition
Min C/N
UL & DL Load
Diversity Support
Neighbours
Transmitter Parameters
To define Propagation
Model, Radius and
Resolution settings
Contains
Antenna Configuration and Losses
parameters
Contains all
CELLS parameters
(see next slide)
DL and UL
total losses,
UL noise
figure
Antenna
Configuration
Cell: Main Parameters
Cell activity
Base station id
Cells frame configuration
(PUSC, FUSC zones,
permutations, )
Cell order used for
carrier selection
Read-only computed DL
d UL b l d ti
Cells frequency band
Channel number in the
frequency band (and
allocation status)
Preamble index (0113) +
resulting PermBase and
segment number (and
and UL symbols durations
in the OFDM frame
Power settings on preamble,
traffic and pilot subcarriers
allocation status) segment number (and
allocation status)
Preamble quality threshold
Resource allocation
min reuse distance
DL traffic loads*
WiMAX i t d f th
UL noise rise due to
surrounding mobiles*
Preamble threshold to switch
from SU-MIMO to STTD/MRC
or to activate MU-MIMO
q y
used as cell coverage limit
LOAD
Conditions
Inputs of the neighbour
allocation algorithm
WiMAX equipment used for the
bearer selection and the quality
indicator studies
Scheduler used for bearer
l ti d
Capacity gain in case of
MU-MIMO
Neighbour list
selection and resource
allocation
* User-defined or simulation output
Cell: Others Parameters
Segmentation
parameters*
Effect of external
UL and DL Zone PermBase
(seed number defining traffic
subchannels creation)
AAS usage ratio*
(and AAS simulation
Results)
Effect of external
sources of
interferences
Max UL and DL traffic
l d t b t d
UL Traffic Load
calculated during
Inputs of the neighbour
Maximum simultaneous
users supported by the cell
loads to be respected
during simulations
calculated during
simulation
Training Programme
1. WiMAX Concepts
Introduction
Parameters Used in Predictions
Prediction Settings
Fast Link Adaptation Modelling
Coverage Prediction Examples
Point Analysis Studies Point Analysis Studies
Introduction
Coverage Predictions
General Studies based on Preamble Power
Best ser er plot based on Preamble signal le els Best server plot based on Preamble signal levels
Multiple server coverage based on Preamble signal levels
Preamble signal level plots
Preamble CNR plots
WiMAX UL and DL dedicated studies
Pilot and Traffic Signal Level Plots
Pilot and Traffic CNR Plots
Quality Studies (Preamble, pilot, DL/UL Traffic CINR and interference plots)
Best Bearer and Modulation Plots based on DL and UL Traffic CINR Levels
Throughput and Cell Capacity per pixel plots based on DL and UL Traffic CINR levels
Peak MAC, Effective MAC, and Application Throughputs
Peak MAC, Effective MAC, and Application Cell Capacities
Peak MAC Effective MAC and Application Aggregate Cell Throughputs Peak MAC, Effective MAC, and Application Aggregate Cell Throughputs
Peak MAC, Effective MAC, and Application Allocated Bandwidth Throughputs (UL)
Point Predictions
Introduction
Principles of the Studies Based On Traffic
Study calculated for
Given Load Conditions
UL noise rise
DL t ffi l d DL traffic load
A non-interfering user with
A service
A mobilityy
A terminal type with a directive antenna (oriented towards the serving cell)
Load Conditions
Load Conditions are defined in the cells table
Values taken into consideration in Values taken into consideration in
predictions for each cell
Service Properties
Highest and lowest bearers in UL and DL
Body loss y
Application throughput parameters
WiMAX Bearer Properties
Support for Multiple Modulation and Coding Schemes (MCS)
User-selectable Modulations (e.g. BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, and 64QAM)
User-definable Coding Rates (e.g. 1/2, 2/3, 3/4, etc.)
User-definable Bearer Efficiencies (useful bits per symbol)
Used for channel throughput evaluation
WiMAX Bearer Properties
Link Adaptation in WiMAX
Mobility Properties
Mapping between mobilities and thresholds in permutation zone, bearer and quality indicator
determination.
Terminal Properties
Reception Equipment
Antenna Settings (incl. Antenna diversity support) g ( y pp )
Maximum Terminal Power
Gain and Losses
Noise Figure
Prediction Settings
Coverage Prediction Plots
Do not require Monte-Carlo simulations or subscriber lists
Preamble, Pilot and Traffic signal level based coverage predictions
Best server plot
Coverage by signal level
Multiple server coverage
Preamble signal quality based coverage predictions
Selection of a mobility, a service, a terminal (possibly directional antenna oriented towards the serving
cell)
Permutation zone coverage
Preamble, pilot and traffic C/N plots
Segment coverage
Prediction Settings
Coverage Prediction Plots
Principles
Based on ser defined cell loads or on Monte Carlo sim lation res lts Based on user-defined cell loads or on Monte-Carlo simulation results
Selection of a mobility, a service, a terminal (possibly directional antenna oriented towards the serving
cell)
Traffic channel CINR based coverage predictions Traffic channel CINR based coverage predictions
Preamble, Pilot, DL/UL Traffic CINR and Interference Plots
Possibility to display UL CINR Level for 1 Subchannel
Possibility to display UL Transmission Power per pixel
Best Bearer plots based on DL and UL Traffic CINR Levels
Throughput and Cell Capacity per pixel plots based on DL and UL Traffic CINR Levels
Peak MAC Effective MAC and Application Cell Capacities Peak MAC, Effective MAC, and Application Cell Capacities
Peak MAC, Effective MAC, and Application Aggregate Cell Throughputs
Uplink Allocated Bandwidth
Number of Subchannels
DL/UL Quality Indicator Plots
Fast Link Adaptation Modelling
Atoll determines, on each pixel, the highest bearer that each user can obtain
No soft handover
C ti t th b t i t f bl C Connection to the best server in term of preamble C
Bearer chosen according to the radio conditions (traffic channel CINR)
Process : prediction done via look-up tables p p
Preamble Signal Level
Evaluation (C)
Highest Bearer
Mac, Effective And
Application Throughput
Calculation
Best Server and Service

Area Determination (min
C/N)
Highest Bearer
determination limited by the
Service Settings
Quality Indicator (BER,

BLER)
C/N)
Permutation Zone Selection
UL and DL Traffic CINR
Calculation
BLER)
Permutation Zone Selection
(IEEE 802.16e) based on
Preamble C/N or C/I+N

Permutation Zone Determination
In predictions and during simulations, a permutation zone is assigned to a pixel,
subscriber, or mobile in DL and in UL depending on:
P bl C/N C/I+N ( d fi d i Gl b l P t ) Preamble C/N or C/I+N (as defined in Global Parameters)
Distance from the base station
The Mobile Speed
The Permutation Zone Priority
Interference Estimation
When the permutation zone is selected, Atoll calculates UL and DL CINR according to:
The Victim Traffic Power
The Interfering Signals created by:
The interferer pilot and traffic powers
The path loss from the interferer to the victim
Antenna gain (which may be AAS results) Antenna gain (which may be AAS results)
Losses from interferer (incl. Shadowing effect and indoor losses)
The Interference Reduction due to the Co And Adjacent Channel Overlap between the
studied and the interfering base stations g
The Interference Reduction factor due to Interfering Base Stations Traffic Load
The Interference Reduction due to Segmentation (and consequently the mutual overlap The Interference Reduction due to Segmentation (and consequently the mutual overlap
between the segments of the victim and the interfering base stations)
Bearer Selection
When UL and DL CINR are evaluated, the bearer is selected according to:
The WiMAX Reception Equipment defined at Reception (cell for UL, terminal for DL)
The CINR Threshold to Access Each Bearer
Scheduler Parameters of the Serving Cell
Bearer selection criterion
The uplink bandwidth allocation target (802.16e only)
The highest possible bearer according to the service settings
Bearer Selection
Scheduler Settings for Bearer Determination
Bearer selection criterion:
B i d l i f h hi h b i d Bearer index: selection of the highest bearer index
Peak MAC throughput: selection of the highest peak MAC
throughput
Effective MAC throughput: selection of the highest
effective MAC throughput
Uplink bandwidth allocation target (WiMAX 802.16e):
Full bandwidth: use of all the subchannels per UL user
Maintain connection: number of subchannels reduced one by one to increase Maintain connection: number of subchannels reduced one by one to increase
the uplink CINR so that the mobile is able to get at least the lowest bearer (as
defined by the bearer selection criterion)
Best bearer: number of subchannels reduced to increase the uplink CINR so
that the mobile is able to get the best bearer available (as defined by the
bearer selection criterion)
Throughput Estimation
When the bearer is selected, the channel throughput is calculated according to:
The channel bandwidth and the frequency sampling factor
The frame definition in term of number of subcarriers, frame duration, etc. as defined in the
global parameters and in the frame configuration (802.16e)
Th li fi ti The cyclic prefix ratio
The bearer efficiency defined in the selected bearer
Quality Indicator Estimation
When the bearer is selected, the quality indicator (BER or BLER) is obtained according to:
The graphs defined in the quality graph tab of the receiver equipment
The selected bearer
The calculated traffic CINR
The terminal mobility (optionally)
Prediction Examples (General Studies)
Coverage by signal level
(Based on preamble power)
Best Server Plot
Number of servers Number of servers
Prediction Examples (Dedicated Studies)
Coverage by DL CINR
(Directional receiver antenna)
Coverage by DL CINR
(Isotropic receiver antenna)
Coverage by Bearer (DL)
Coverage by Modulation (DL)
Coverage by Channel Coverage by Channel
Throughput (DL)
Coverage by Bearer (UL)
Coverage by Modulation (UL)
Coverage by Channel Coverage by Channel
Throughput (UL)
Point Analysis Tool: Reception
Radio Reception Diagnosis at a Given Point : Reception Analysis
Selection of the value to be Choice of UL&DL load conditions : if (Cells
displayed (Preamble, Traffic or Pilot
C or C/N)
Table) is selected Analysis based on DL
load and UL noise rise from cells table
Definition of a user- Cell bar graphs (best
Preamble,
downlink and
uplink traffic
availability (or not)
Definition of a user
definable probe"
receiver, indoor or not
Cell bar graphs (best
server at the top)
Analysis detail on
y
preamble, downlink
and uplink traffic
Point Analysis Tool: Interference
Radio Interference Diagnosis at a Given Point : Interference Analysis
Choice of UL&DL load conditions :
if (Cells Table) is selected Analysis based
on DL load and UL noise rise from cells table
Selection of the value to be
displayed (RS, SS, PDSCH, RSRP)
Serving Cell
(C)
Total Level of
Interference
(I + N)
Definition of a user-
definable probe"
receiver indoor or not
(I + N)
List of Interfering Cells
receiver, indoor or not
Training Programme
1. WiMAX Concepts
Definitions
Importing Neighbours
Neighbour Automatic Allocation
Displaying Neighbour Relations on the Map
Modifying Neighbour Relations Manually y g g y
Exporting Neighbour Relations
Definitions
Reference Cell
The cell to which you are allocating neighbours
Possible Neighbours
The cells that fulfil the requirements to be neighbours
Intra-technology Neighbours
The cells defined as neighbours that use the same technology as the reference cell
E.g., UMTS-UMTS, GSM-GSM, LTE-LTE
Inter-technology Neighbours
The cells defined as neighbours that use a technology other than the reference cell
technology
E.g., UMTS-GSM, UMTS-LTE, GSM-LTE
Importing Neighbours (1/2)
Possibility to copy/paste or to import a list of neighbours
Intra-carrier and inter-carrier neighbours are mixed in the same table
Prerequisites
A text file with at least 2 columns
Source cells and neighbour cells
Relationships must be defined between atoll format cell names
Importing Neighbours (2/2)
Neighbour Automatic Allocation (1/4)
Possibility to define neighbourhood constraints to be considered during the automatic
neighbour allocation
List of neighbourhood relationships you
may force or forbid
Allocation Parameters
Maximum number of neighbours
Global value for all the transmitters or value specified for each transmitter
Maximum inter-site distance
Allocation strategy based on the overlapping of cell coverage
Coverage conditions Calculation options
Overlapping criterion
Do not select the option if
Start allocation
Do not select the option if
you want to keep existing
neighbours
Overlapping Criterion
% min covered area is defined by the formula : (S S ) / S where : % min covered area is defined by the formula : (S
A
S
B
) / S
A
where :
- S
A
is the coverage area of a restricted by HO start and HO end
- S
B
is the best server area of cell B
Best preamble signal
level cell B (candidate) level cell B (candidate)
Best preamble signal
level cell A (reference) Cell B
Best server
Cell A
Handover end
area
Best server
area
Preamble signal threshold (from
preamble quality C/N threshold
global or per cell)
Handover start
Handover end
area
Allocation Result
Sorted list of neighbours with allocation reasons and importance value (0-1)
Allocation results
Sort and filtering tools
Commit selected
neighbours only
Summary report listing existing,
new and removed neighbours
Displaying Neighbour Relations on the Map (1/3)
Select the icon in the toolbar and click a transmitter on the map
Additional Display Options
Cli k th i f th t lb Click the icon from the toolbar
Symmetric link: site10_2(0) is
neighbour of site22_3(0) and
vice-versa
Di ti f th i hb
Inwards link: site22_3(0) is
neighbour of site9_3(0)
Direction of the neighbour
relation
Outwards link: site1_2(0) is
neighbour of site22_3(0)
Possibility to display coverage area of cells neighbours according to any neighbour
characteristics on the map
Calculate and display a coverage by transmitter on the map
Display neighbour relations of the desired transmitter
Click the icon from the toolbar
Modifying Neighbour Relationships Manually
Possibility to add/remove neighbour relationships on the map using the ctrl and shift
shortcuts
F i t i i hb h d li k l For intra-carrier neighbourhood links only
Possibility to add/remove neighbours in the cell property dialogue
Neighbour list of
BRU038 2(0) _ ( )
List of transmitters within a 30 km radius
from the selected one (sorted in a
ascending inter-site distance order)
Exporting Neighbour Relationships
Possibility to copy/paste or to export the list of neighbours
Training Programme
1. WiMAX Concepts
Diversity Modelling Overview
MIMO Settings and Modelling
MIMO Effect in Calculations
AAS Settings and Modelling
AAS Effect in Calculations
Antenna Diversity Principles
Transmission technique to carry the information along different paths
Aim : improve signal quality by compensating multi-path interferences
Antenna Diversity Modes in Atoll WiMAX
Smart antenna systems y
Digital signal processing with more than one antenna element
Locate and track various types of signals
Dynamically minimise interference and maximise wanted signal reception
M i b i t d i th di ti f th t d i l (UL DL) Main beam pointed in the direction of the wanted signal (UL + DL)
One or more nulls in the direction of the interfering signals (optimum Beamformer model only)
Antenna Diversity Modes in Atoll WiMAX
Multiple Input Multiple Outputs (MIMO) systems
Space Time Transmit Di ersit (STTD)/Ma imal Ratio Combining (MRC) Space-Time Transmit Diversity (STTD)/Maximal Ratio Combining (MRC)
More than one transmission antenna to send the same data
Improvement of CINR Higher bearer Higher throughput
Single-User MIMO or Spatial Multiplexing (SM) Single User MIMO or Spatial Multiplexing (SM)
More than one transmission antenna to send different data streams on each antenna
Improvement of throughput for a given CINR
Adaptive MIMO Switch (AMS)
Technique to switch from SM to STTD/MRC as Preamble quality (CNR or CINR) conditions get
worse than a given threshold
Multi-User MIMO or collaborative MIMO
M lti l i f l ith d h di diti Multiplexing of several users with good enough radio conditions
More than one cell reception antenna to receive transmissions from several users over the same
frequency-time allocation (UL only)
Can be used with single-antenna user equipment
Improvement of UL capacity
MIMO Settings in Atoll WiMAX
Base Stations and User Equipment support MIMO systems
Gains graphs available in reception equipment
Numbers of Transmission and Reception Antennas at the base station and user equipment
Modelling of Four MIMO Systems: Modelling of Four MIMO Systems:
STTD/MRC (space-time transmit diversity) or STC (space-time coding)
SM (Spatial Multiplexing)
AMS (Adaptive MIMO Switch)
MU MIMO (Multi user MIMO or collaborative MIMO) MU-MIMO (Multi-user MIMO or collaborative MIMO)
STTD/MRC, or Matrix A MIMO, improves the CINR
Usually used in coverage areas with bad CNR/CINR conditions
SM (or Matrix B MIMO) and MU-MIMO improve throughput
Usually used in coverage areas with good CNR/CINR conditions
AMS-capable equipment can switch from SM to STTD/MRC as the Preamble CNR/CINR
worsens
Space-time Transmit Diversity Modelling
STTD/MRC gain depending on the MIMO configuration
Additional STTD/MRC gain per clutter class (DL and UL)
Sum of the gains applied on traffic CINR
Spatial Multiplexing Modelling
Maximum possible gain in channel capacity
SU-MIMO gain factor per clutter class
MIMO throughput = SISO throughput (1 + SU-MIMO gain factor (max MIMO gain 1))
MIMO Settings in Transmitters
MIMO (Multiple Input
Multiple Output systems)
reception and
transmission settings
MIMO Settings in Cells
Cells frame configuration (PUSC,
FUSC zones, permutations, )* in
which some permutation zones
( S support or not diversity (AAS,
STTD/MRC, SU-MIMO (SM), AMS or
MU-MIMO)
Minimum threshold used as :
- Preamble C/N or C/I+N to switch
from SU-MIMO to STTD/MRC
- Minimum Preamble C/N to activate
MU-MIMO
(If t d i th l t d (If supported in the selected
permutation zone)
Uplink capacity gain due to MU-
MIMO. The cell capacity is multiplied
by this gain at pixels where MU-
MIMO is used
* IEEE 802.16e WiMAX mobile only
MIMO Settings in Terminals
Reception equipment
defining SU-MIMO and
STTD/MRC gains
Selection of the supported
Number of transmission (UL)
and reception (DL) antennas
diversity technique (none,
AAS, MIMO or AAS+MIMO)
in the case of MIMO-capable
terminal
MIMO Effect in Computations
Predictions and Simulations
On each pixel, a receiver is connected to its best server (in term of preamble C/N)
MIMO is possible if :
MIMO settings are defined in the WiMAX equipment selected at the cell for UL (or terminal for DL
) level
MIMO is supported by the users terminal MIMO is supported by the user s terminal
A frame configuration supporting MIMO (STTD/MRC, SU-MIMO, AMS, MU-MIMO) on some
permutation zones is assigned to the serving cell
The calculated preamble C/N or C/I+N permits one of these permutation zones to be served
MIMO Effect in Computations
Coverage Prediction Examples (MIMO system)
Coverage by DL CINR
(MIMO with 2*2 antenna)
Coverage by DL CINR Coverage by DL CINR
(Without MIMO)
CINR improved for low values
(due to STTD/MRC)
Smart Antenna Modelling
Smart Antenna Equipment
Transmitters can have adaptive/smart antennas
F k d ti t d l il bl b d f lt Forsks adaptive antenna model available by default
Based on MMSE (Minimum Mean Square Error) algorithm
AAS-compatible mobiles are allocated to the AAS-compatible permutation zones
Definition of the number of elements and the pattern of each element
AAS are considered in the Monte-Carlo simulations and coverage predictions
Pattern used for the
Pattern used for the
preamble transmission
around the transmitter
AAS Settings in Transmitters
Selection of an optional
adaptive antenna
AAS Settings in Cells
FUSC zones permutations )* in FUSC zones, permutations, )* in
which some permutation zones
support or not diversity (AAS,
STTD/MRC, SU-MIMO (SM), AMS or
MU-MIMO)
* IEEE 802.16e WiMAX mobile only
AAS Settings in Terminals
Selection of the supported
diversity technique (none,
AAS, MIMO or AAS+MIMO)
AAS Effect in Computations
Predictions and Simulations
On each pixel, a receiver is connected to its best server (in term of preamble C/N)
AAS is possible if :
Smart antenna equipment is defined at the transmitter level
AAS is supported by the users terminal
A frame configuration supporting diversity AAS on some permutation zones is assigned to the serving A frame configuration supporting diversity AAS on some permutation zones is assigned to the serving
cell
The calculated preamble C/N or C/I+N permits one of these permutation zones to be served
Coverage Prediction Examples (AAS system)
Coverage by DL CINR
(With AAS)
C b DL CINR Coverage by DL CINR
(Without AAS)
Specific AAS Simulation Results
For each cell with smart antenna equipment, the obtained transmitted power and UL noise
rise are expressed in term of patterns and can be used in predictions (either by committing rise are expressed in term of patterns and can be used in predictions (either by committing
them to the cell table or by selecting a specific simulation or group of simulations)
DL pattern: angular distribution of transmitted power (spectral power density)
UL pattern: angular distribution of noise rise
Training Programme
1. WiMAX Concepts
7. Segmentation Modelling
Preamble Index Overview
DL Segmentation Modelling
Overview
Settings Settings
Effect in Predictions
UL Segmentation Modelling
S i Settings
Effect in Predictions
Preamble Index Overview (1/5)
Preamble Definition
The downlink transmission starts with an OFDM symbol dedicated to the preamble
The downlink subframe is divided into 3 segments
Each segment uses a different preamble carrier set, i.e., Subcarriers used to transmit the
bl preamble
Cell Search and Selection
It selects the preamble whose PN sequence gives the best correlation. Once the preamble
selected the mobile now knows and recognizes its serving cell selected, the mobile now knows and recognizes its serving cell
The PN sequence corresponds to a preamble index, which gives the following information
Segment number: 0, 1, or 2
IDCell (DL permbase for the first DL PUSC permutation zone): 0 to 31 IDCell (DL_permbase for the first DL PUSC permutation zone): 0 to 31
Cell permbase in Atoll
Therefore, it knows which OFDM symbols and subchannels to listen to for reading the FCH,
DCD, UCD, DL-map, and UL-map DCD, UCD, DL map, and UL map
m
b
l
e
m
b
l
e
m
b
l
e
Preamble carrier set 0 Preamble carrier set 1 Preamble carrier set 2
P
r
e
a
m
P
r
e
a
m
P
r
e
a
m
Preamble carrier set 0
Segment 0
Segment 1
Segment 2
Preamble Index Function
Cell Identification Parameter
Cell Search and Selection is based on preamble indexes
114 Preamble Indexes defined by the IEEE
Each Preamble Index has an associated pseudo-noise sequence
The 114 PN Sequences are (nearly) orthogonal
Preamble Index Function (contd.)
Subcarriers used for preamble transmission are interlaced
Preamble subcarriers are modulated using BPSK1/2 with PN sequences
The PN sequence is transmitted using the preamble carrier set, i.e., the subcarriers used by
th bl the preamble
Cell search and selection
Any mobile trying to connect to the network receives preambles from many cells
It calculates the correlation of all the received PN sequences by comparing them with the 114 It calculates the correlation of all the received PN sequences by comparing them with the 114
stored in its memory
Mapping Between the Preamble Index and the Segmentation
Example of segmentation for 3 cells : preamble index 0, 32, 64
Permbase 0 Permbase 0
Segments 0, 1 and 2
DL Segmentation Overview (1/2)
Segmentation and Fractional Frequency Reuse
IEEE 802.16e (DL PUSC zones only)
P ibilit t ll t t f th ti b d idth t ll (DL bf ) Possibility to allocate a part of the entire bandwidth to a cell (DL subframe)
Provides better spectrum usage and interference reduction
Maximum of 3 segments (preamble index only supports 0, 1, 2)
Preamble always segmented (using every 3
rd
subcarrier)
DL Segmentation Overview (2/2)
The segmented zone uses a segment of the entire channel bandwidth (typical:1/3
rd
)
The maximum throughput of a 1/3
rd
segment is 1/3
rd
of the throughput of a channel
Definition of segmentation usage ratio
Used to compute the interference between cells Used to compute the interference between cells
Represents the segmented part percentage of the total traffic load
DL Segmentation: Network Settings
DL Segmentation is possible when the Frame supports it
Effect on traffic only since preamble is always segmented
Only for the first PUSC DL Permutation zones
DL Segmentation Settings: Cells
FUSC zones, permutations, )*
where segmentation may be
supported or not
Channel number in the frequency
band The same channel must be band. The same channel must be
used between cells for which
segmentation is applied
Preamble index (0113)* and
lti P B ( IDC ll) d resulting PermBase (or IDCell) and
segment number (0,1 or 2).
Segmentation between cells is
optimal when PermBase is identical
and segment is different (must be
define even without segmentation in
order to model the preamble
segmentation)
Segmentation usage ratio*
(used in the interference estimation)
d l i S i and resulting Segmentation
Switching Point
DL CINR PUSC Only (Without Segmentation)
Each cell uses the full channel bandwidth
DL CINR PUSC Only (With Segmentation)
Each cell uses 1/3
rd
of the channel bandwidth
DL CINR PUSC segmented + non segmented
Each cell has a PUSC zone with 1/3
rd
channel bandwidth + a PUSC zone with the
entire channel bandwidth
DL throughput PUSC only (Without Segmentation)
Each cell uses the full channel bandwidth
DL throughput PUSC only (With Segmentation)
Each cell uses 1/3
rd
of the channel bandwidth
Conclusion : higher CINR, larger coverage but poorer throughput since 1/3
rd
of the beamwidth is used
DL throughput PUSC segmented + non segmented
Each cell has a PUSC zone with 1/3
rd
channel bandwidth + a PUSC zone with the
entire channel bandwidth
Conclusion : comparable CINR/throughput in the common covered areas, but additional coverage (and
throughput) in the PUSC segmented areas
UL Segmentation: Network Settings
UL Segmentation is possible when the Frame supports it
Only for PUSC UL Permutation zones
Cannot be used as is for predictions: need a Simulation to calculate UL segmented
Noise Rise
UL Segmentation Settings: Cells
FUSC zones, permutations, )*
supported or not
Cell s frequency band
Channel n mber in the freq enc Channel number in the frequency
band. The same channel must be
used between cells for which
segmentation is applied
Segmented Zone UL Noise Rise*
(used in the interference estimation
when calculating a prediction)
Training Programme
1. WiMAX Concepts
Automatic Frequency Planning
AFP Overview
AFP P AFP Process
Interference Matrix Calculation
Running the Frequency Automatic Allocation
Frequency Allocation Examples
Automatic Preamble Index Planning
Preamble Index Planning Process
Running the Preamble Index Automatic Allocation g
Preamble Index Allocation Examples
Automatic UL/DL Zone PermBase Planning
UL/DL Z P B O i UL/DL Zone PermBase Overview
UL/DL Zone PermBase Planning Process
Running the UL/DL Zone PermBase Automatic Allocation
AFP Overview (1/2)
Goal: Optimize the Network Frequency Allocation to minimize interference
Inputs
Cells settings
Frequency band(s): Atoll can work with several bands
Locked Channels (Optional)
Reuse Constraints definition:
Interferences (Interference Matrix calculation)
Minimum Reuse distance
N i hb l ti Neighbour relations
AFP Overview (2/2)
Based on an Iterative Cost-based Algorithm
Th l ith t t ith th t f l ( d i iti l t t ) The algorithm starts with the current frequency plan (used as initial state)
Different Frequency Plans are then evaluated and a Cost is calculated for each of them
The best frequency allocation plan is the one with the lowest global cost
The cost is calculated thanks to:
Interference matrices
Probabilities of interference in co- and adjacent channel cases
A b bilit l l t d f h f h i t f d i t f i ll i A probability calculated for each case for each interfered-interfering cell pair
Distance relation
Avoid Frequency reuse between cells for which the inter-site distance is lower than a
Min Reuse Distance
Taking into account Distance and Cells Azimuth
Neighbours
Taking into account Neighbours relations importance relation (co-site, adjacent)
AFP Process
1. Define Radio Parameters at Cells level
a) Frequency Band Allocation
b) F All ti St t N t All t d L k d b) Frequency Allocation Status: Not Allocated or Locked
c) Minimum reuse Distance (optional)
2. Import / Calculate a Neighbour Plan
3. Import / Calculate an Interference Matrix
4 R th A t ti F All ti t l 4. Run the Automatic Frequency Allocation tool
5. Commit and Analyse Results
Interference Matrix Calculation (1/2)
Definition
For each cell pair, interference probability for co and adjacent channel cases
Interference probability is the ratio between
Interfered surface area within the best server coverage area of the studied cell
Best server coverage area of the studied cell
Tx A
Victim Transmitter
Serving Area
Tx B
Interfering
Transmitter
Victim Transmitter
Area where Tx B is interfering Tx A
Interference Probability = 50%
In other words 50% of TxAs Serving Area is interfered by TxB
Co-Channel interference occurs when: Adjacent Channel interference occurs when:
In other words, 50% of TxAs Serving Area is interfered by TxB
( ) P bl
C
Mi
C
( ) Preamble
C
Min
C
<
( )
( ) Preamble
N
C
Min
N M I
C
Q
<
+
( ) Preamble
N
Min
N
f
M I
ASF
Q
<
+
|
|
.
|
\
|
Interference Matrix Calculation (2/2)
Running the Frequency Automatic Allocation
Automatic Resource Allocation Process
Possibility to select the Resource to be
allocated (Frequencies, Preamble Indexes...)
Interference
Matrix selection
(among
calculated ones)
Allocation
constraints
C i
Allocated
channels
Commit
channels to
cells
Run the
calculation
Frequency Allocation Examples (1/5)
Automatic Frequency Allocation in Atoll (Example)
Same channel all over
Manual allocation with 3 channels
Automatic allocation with 3 channels
Manual allocation with 6 channels
Automatic allocation with 6 channels
Preamble Index Allocation Process (1/2)
Philosophy of the Preamble Index Automatic Allocation tool is really similar to AFP
Goals
Avoid using the same PN sequence in nearby cells
Can cause problems in cell search and selection
Avoid using the same segment to nearby cells
Can cause a lot of interference on FCH and maps
Use preferably the same Cell PermBase to cells of the same site
Can help in measurements and handover procedures
Automatic Preamble Index Allocation Prerequisites
Define Radio Parameters at cells level
Frequency Plan: a channel manually (or automatically) assigned to each cell
Preamble Index domain (v3.1.1)
Preamble Index and Segment allocation status
Minimum Reuse Distance (optional)
Segmentation support (optional)
Neighbour plan
Interference Matrix (as explained previously)
Preamble Index Allocation Process (2/2)
Automatic Preamble Index Allocation in Atoll
Based on an iterative cost-based algorithm
Different Preamble Index allocation plans are tried and a cost calculated for each
The best Preamble Index allocation plan is the one with the lowest cost
The cost is calculated for cells with the following relations
Neighbours (optional)
Distance between cells < min reuse distance (optional)
C ll P B t t ( ti l) Cell PermBase strategy (optional)
Frequency plan
Relations between cells can have different importance in the final cost
The importance of neighbour relation is calculated during the automatic neighbour allocation The importance of neighbour relation is calculated during the automatic neighbour allocation
The importance of the relation based on the distance between cells (weighted by the antenna azimuths)
Running the Preamble Index Automatic Allocation
Automatic Preamble Index Allocation
Preamble Index
allocation domain allocation domain
Cell PermBase
Strategy
I iti l
Allocation
constraints
Initial
Allocation
Run PI
allocation
Preamble Index Allocation Results (1/4)
Committing calculated Preamble Indexes
Commit calculated
Preamble Indexes to
Cells
Cells
Example 1 : Same Preamble Index (same Segment and Cell PermBase) all over
Example 2 : Manual Allocation with three Preamble Indexes (0, 32, 64)
Sect 0: PI 0, seg 0, PB 0
S 1 PI 32 1 PB 0 Sect 1: PI 32, seg 1, PB 0
Sect 2: PI 64, seg 2, PB 0
Example 3 : Automatic Preamble Index Allocation
UL/DL Zone PermBase Allocation Process (1/2)
Philosophy of the UL/DL Zone PermBase Automatic Allocation similar to AFP
Goal
Avoid using the same Zone PermBase (Seed Number) in nearby cells
Automatic Preamble Index Allocation Prerequisites Automatic Preamble Index Allocation Prerequisites
Define Radio Parameters at cells level
Frequency Plan: a channel manually (or automatically) assigned to each cell
Allocation Status
Minimum Reuse Distance (optional)
Neighbour plan
Interference Matrix (as explained previously)
No impact on Predictions and Simulations
Running the UL Zone PermBase
Automatic Allocation
Automatic UL Zone PermBase Allocation
UL Zone PermBase
I iti l
Allocation
constraints
Initial
Allocation
Commit
results to cells
Run
allocation
Running the DL Zone PermBase
Automatic Allocation
Automatic DL Zone PermBase Allocation
DL Zone PermBase
I iti l
Allocation
constraints
Initial
Allocation
Commit
results to cells
Run
allocation
Training Programme
1. WiMAX Concepts
Channel and Preamble Index Search Tools
Preamble Index Allocation Audit
Preamble Index Distribution Histogram
Search Tool Overview
Tool to visualise channel and Preamble Index reuse on the map
Possibility to find cells which are assigned a given : y g g
Frequency band + channel
Preamble Index
Segment
Permbase
Way to use this tool
Create and calculate a coverage by transmitter with a colour display by transmitter g y p y y
Open the Find on Map tool available in the Edit menu
(or directly in the toolbar )
Channel Search Tool
Channel Reuse on the Map
Resource
Frequency
band and
Resource
Selection
band and
Channel
number
Colours given to transmitters
Red: co-channel transmitters
Yellow: multi-adjacent channel (-1 and +1) transmitters
Yellow: multi adjacent channel ( 1 and +1) transmitters
Green: adjacent channel (-1) transmitters
Blue: adjacent channel (+1) transmitters
Grey thin line: other transmitters
Preamble Index Search Tool
Preamble Index, Permbase and Segment Reuse on the Map
Resource
Resource
Resource
Selection
Resource
Type and
Value
Colours given to transmitters
Red or Grey thin line: if the transmitters carries or not
the specified resource value (Preamble Index, Cell
PermBase)
Preamble Index Allocation Audit (1/2)
Verification of the allocation inconsistencies
Respect Preamble Index Allocation Domain
R t f i i di t Respect of a minimum reuse distance
Respect of neighbourhood constraints (two neighbour cells must have different PI)
Respect of Permbase and Segment allocation strategy
Preamble Index Allocation Audit (2/2)
Audit results
Inconsistencies are displayed in the default text editor
The Minimum Distance constraint is fulfilled
The Allocation Domain constraint is fulfilled
Th N i hb ll ll t d th These Neighbour cells are allocated the
same Preamble Index
The Permbase and Segment strategies are
fulfilled
Preamble Index distribution Histogram
View of the Preamble Index Distribution
Dynamic
pointer
Training Programme
1. WiMAX Concepts
10. Monte-Carlo Based Simulations
Simulation Process
Simulation Creation
Simulation Results
Analysis of Simulations
Specific AAS Simulation Results p
Simulation Process (1/2)
Whats a Simulation in Atoll?
Distribution of Users at a Given Moment (= Snapshot) Distribution of Users at a Given Moment (= Snapshot)
Purpose
Simulate the network regulation mechanisms for a user distribution
Analyse the network capacity
Steps of the WiMAX Simulation
1. Obtaining a Realistic User Distribution
2. Modelling the Network Regulation Mechanisms
3. Calculating Network Parameters
Simulation Process (2/2)
Requirement: Traffic Maps and/or Subscriber Lists
Traffic Maps
Managed from the Traffic Maps Folder
Geo tab of the Explorer window
Based on Service and User Modelling
Main Types of Traffic Maps
User profile environment based traffic maps
Sector traffic maps
Subscriber Lists
Managed from the Subscribers Folder
Network tab of the Explorer window
Obtaining a Realistic User Distribution
The user distribution is generated using a Monte-Carlo algorithm
Based on traffic database and subscriber list/traffic map(s)
Weighted by a Poisson distribution
Each user is assigned
A service a mobility type a terminal and an activity status by random trial A service, a mobility type, a terminal and an activity status by random trial
According to a probability law using traffic database
A geographic position in the traffic zone by random trial
According to the clutter weighting and indoor ratio (user location is the same as subscriber location if g g g (
the simulation is based on a subscriber list)
Modelling the Network Regulation Mechanisms
Iterative Algorithm
Same User Distribution Considered for Each Iteration
During each iteration, all the users attempt to connect one by one to network transmitters
Process Repeated Until Convergence
Regulation Mechanisms Regulation Mechanisms
Intelligent scheduling and radio resource management
Subchannels Allocation
Power Control
DL Cell Load
UL Noise Rise
Scheduling in Simulations
Scheduling and Radio Resource Management
Filtering of mobiles up to cell capacity limits (max UL and DL loads)
Allocation of resources according to GoS class, service priorities and cell scheduler
Different schedulers available:
Proportional Fair
Proportional Demand
Biased (GoS class)
Max Aggregate Throughput
First pass
Resource allocation for the minimum throughput demands depending on the service priorities of the
users (GoS class + priority)
Minimum throughput demand for UGS, rtPS, ErtPS, nrtPS categories
Second pass
Distribution of the remaining resources between users according to the schedulers defined in each cell
in order to reach the max throughput demand of rtPS, ErtPS, nrtPS and BE categories
Simulation Creation
Optional growing factor on the
selected traffic map(s)
Number of simulations
to run for the current
session
Selection of traffic
map(s) as traffic
input
Selection of subscriber list(s)
as traffic input (dedicated to
802 16d)
Load constraints to respect
802.16d)
during simulations (global
value or value per cell)
Simulation Creation
Number of simulations to run
for the current session
Multiplying factor to increase the user density
Constraints to be respected during the
simulation and convergence criteria
Selection of traffic map(s)
simulation and convergence criteria
as traffic input
Click the button to calculate the simulation immediately
Simulation Results (1)
Analysis Provided over the Focus Zone
Main Simulation results include
Per cell
UL and DL traffic loads
UL noise rise (incl. AAS results)
Calculation of aggregate cell throughputs for UL and DL
Peak MAC, effective MAC, and application level

Per mobile Per mobile
Serving transmitter and cell
Azimuth and downtilt (towards the serving cell)
Received power from and at the serving cell
DL and UL CINR, best WiMAX bearers, channel and user throughputs
Peak MAC, effective MAC, and application level
UL transmission power
Number of used subchannels in UL
DL and UL permutation zones (WiMAX 802.16e only)
Connection status and rejection cause Connection status and rejection cause

Analysis Provided over the Focus Zone
5 Tabs : Statistics, Sites, Cells, Mobiles, Initial Conditions
Writes the UL and DL
traffic loads, the UL noise
rise, the segmentation
usage (if any), the
adaptive antenna system
results (if any) into the
cells table
Display the users (terminals) on the map
depending on the connection status
Analysis of Simulations
Calculation of WiMAX Prediction Studies Based on Simulations
Analysis of a single simulation
Prediction based on the results of the
simulation (DL load, UL noise rise, etc)
Average analysis of all the simulations in a group
Prediction based on the average of
simulations in the group (average DL load,
average UL noise rise, etc)
THANK YOU!

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