Assignment - II (EEL732)

Adersh Miglani
Adersh.Miglani@gmail.com

30-July-2013

Assignment: Determine the surface density of atoms for silicon on each of the following planes: (100), (110) and (111). Solution: Silicon possesses diamond crystal structure as shown in Fig. 1. This image has four horizontal layers. Each layer has four cubes. Out of these four cubes, two diagonally opposite cubes have tetrahedron structure. In the top layer, front-left and rear-right cubes have tetrahedron structure and remaining two cubes are void. In the next layer, left-rear and right-front cubes have tetrahedron structures and remaining two cubes are void. These two layers form a pair. In diamond structure, these pair of layers are repeated in all directions. In this structure, each atom has only four nearest neighbors. Assumption: The atoms are represented as hard spheres

Fig. 2. (i) Diamond Structure, (ii) Plane (1 0 0), (iii) Plane (1 1 0) and (iv) Plane (1 1 1)

Fig. 3.

Intersectiosn of atoms with (i) Plane (1 0 0) and (ii) Plane (1 1 0)

Fig. 1.

Diamond Structure of Silicon

with the closest atoms touching each other. The tetrahedron structure and plane (1 0 0) are shown in Fig. 2(i) and 2(ii). Fig. 3(i) shows the geometry of atoms cut by the plane (1 0 0). Each of the two corner atoms is shared by four planes. So 1 4 portion of each corner atom is part of (1 0 0) plane. Therefore, (1 0 0) lattice plane contains only 1 2 atom. Assume the lattice constant is a. The surface density of atoms on a plane is Surface density(Dplane ) = D100 No. of atoms part of the plane area of plane

Similarly, for (1 1 0) plane, each of two corner atoms is shared by four planes and atom at the centroid completely belongs 1 of two corner atoms to this plane, as shown Fig. 3(ii). So, 4 and 100% of center atom is part of (1 1 0) plane. D110 = 0.25 + 0.25 + 1.0 1.5 1.5 = = 2 a 2a a 2 2 5.432 1016 D110 = 3.597 1014 atoms/cm2 . Ans Similarly, for (1 1 1) plane, each of three corner atoms is shared by four planes. So, 1 4 of each corner atom is part of (1 1 1) plane. D111 = 0.25 + 0.25 + 0.25 0.75 0.75 2 = 2 = 3a a 3 1 3 5.432 1016 2a 2 2 2 D111 = 2.937 1014 atoms/cm2 . Ans

0.25 + 0.25 0.5 = = 2 aa a

Assume lattice constant of silicon is a = 5.43 108 cm. 0.5 D100 = = 1.696 1014 atoms/cm2 . Ans 5.432 1016