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n care semiaxele sunt de lungime a , b i c. n coordonate sferice formula devine: Dac a=b=c atunci elipsoidul devine o sfer. Ecuaiile parametrice ale elipsoidului cu 3 axe sunt: X= Y= Z=
Dup poziie :
Normale (n prelungirea axei pmntului) Transversale (perpendiculare pe ax) Oblice (n alt poziie fa de pmnt)
Proiecii azimutale
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Computation ComputationCoordinates Coordinatesin inWGS WGS84 84System Ellipsoid Coordinates Ellipsoid Coordinates
Main Control Stations - (Stereo 70 Projection) Conversion of Coordinates Stereo 70 Projection System From WGS 84 into Stereo Projection System Coordinates of Control Stations are in Stereo 70 SystemProjection System
Main Control Work ( Local UTM System) Conversion of Coordinates Local UTM Projection System From WGS 84 into Local UTM Projection System Coordinates are in Local UTM Projection System
Traverse Network Measured by GPS System Traverse Control Stations are referred and tied to the Main Control Stations defined both in WGS 84 System and Local UTM System Cordinates are computed in : - WGS 84 ( Ellipsoid) - Local UTM projection System ( Cartesian)
Traverse Network Measured by Conventional System Traverse Control Station are referred and tied to the Main Control Stations defined in Local UTM System
Traverse Stations in Stereo 70 System Conversion of Coordinates Stereo 70 Projection System From Local UTM System into Stereo 70 Projection System Traverse Station are defined in Stereo 70 System At this stage all the Traverse Stations are computed into the Local UTM Projection System
Definition by Simulation of the Blocks for each of 3 Sections Lenght of the BLOCKS inside the Sections will be selected on the base of the most suitable elevation plans
Conversion of Coordinates Local Rctaangular System From Local UTM System into Local Rectangular System Coordinates of Traverse Stations are defined into the Local Rectangular System
Proiecia Gauss-Krger
Proieciile conforme
Proieciile echivalente
Proieciile echivalente sunt acele proiecii, n care se pstreaz egalitatea dintre suprafeele de pe elipsoid i cele reprezentate n planul de proiecie. Rezult c cele dou figuri, oricare ar fi forma lor, sunt echivalente, adic au aceeasi arie. n general proieciile echivalente se folosesc la elaborarea hartilor cadastrale n care se urmrete pastrarea suprafeelor.
Proieciile conice
Proieciile policonice
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Proieciile pseudocilindrice
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Harta comparativ a deformaiilor liniare relative ntre proiectiile Stereografic 1970 i UTM realizat cu ajutorul diferenelor valorilor absolute ale deformaiilor corespunzatoare celor dou proiecii