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Causes
Do Now: List some issues that you would start a revolution for? Why would they be enough to cause you to start one?
Senses
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Hear
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Smell
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Touch/ feel
Extension Explain: Why are so many people attacking the castle in the painting?
1. 2. 3.
Were most of the population commoners? What percentage of the population were commoners? How much tax did the nobility pay?
Peasants were 98 % of French ! population Resented privilege of first and ! second estates Burdened by taxes, miserable ! wages faced hunger, starvation
Owned about 10 percent of land, ! ! Hated absolutism collected tithes, and paid no taxes ! Feared losing traditional privilege, ! Provided some social services especially exemption from taxes
Louis spent lots of money on clothes and palaces when many people were starving. Louis encouraged explorers to travel the world.
Extension: Explain whether, in your opinion, Louis was a bad king or not.
This is a painting of the storming of the Bastille in 1789. It was part of a riot that started the French Revolution.
Stand up if you know the name of the King at the time of the French Revolution
Raise your right arm if you know how much tax the nobility paid in France.
Stand up if you know what happened to Louis XVI during the French Revolution.
Raise your left arm if you know what percentage of the population were commoners.
Click your tongue if you know why the bad harvest in 1789 caused the French Revolution.
Stay seated if you recall why some people thought that Louis XVI was a bad king.
How much would popular violence (mass violence) inuence rational (calm) political debate?
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Answer on iPods
Why Revolt?
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The Enlightenment movement spread ideas everyone should be equal. The people of the 3rd estate liked that idea.
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The French economy was failing. Taxes were high, profits were low and food supplies were short.
King Louis the XVI was weak and unconcerned about the plight of the third estate.
Fear of attack from nobles leads peasants to riot throughout the country
Storming of Bastille
In reaction to Louis XVI ooding Paris with soldiers, 3rd Estate stormed Bastille prison seized guns killed governor Start of bloodshed
Citizen Louis Capet was guillotined in front of a cheering crowd on January 21, 1793.
Rise of Napoleon
" Napoleons Rise to
Power " The Napoleonic Code " Establishment of the Bank of France " Reconciliation with the Catholic Church --Concordat of 1801 " Heavy Censorship " Napoleons Art of War
All these quotes are from the same person. What do they tell you about him? Make a list in your notes
!Power is my mistress. I have worked too hard at her conquest to allow anyone to take her away from me. !There are but two powers in the world, the sword and the mind. In the long run the sword is always beaten by the mind." !Impossible is a word to be found only in the dictionary of fools. !"He that makes war without many mistakes has not made war very long." !Death is nothing, but to live defeated and inglorious is to die daily. !Ten people who speak make more noise than ten thousand who are silent. !History is the version of past events that people have decided to agree upon. !I know when it is necessary, how to leave the skin of lion to take one of fox. !A man will ght harder for his interests than for his rights. !A throne is only a bench covered with velvet. !Religion is what keeps the poor from murdering the rich.
Rise of Napoleon
Born in Corsica in 1769. He was not rich; he went to military school on a scholarship. Joined the French army and quickly rose through the ranks. Became a General and returned to France as a hero. Helped overthrow the Directory and made himself First Consul.
Napoleons Reforms
Peace with the church: Concordat of 1801 The State got to keep the church lands that were conscated by the rst phase of the Revolution. Catholicism was recognized as the majority religion in France.
Napoleons Reforms
Napoleonic (Civil) Code: made one standard law code for everyone. Based on the principles of everyone being equal under the law. Religious toleration. Advancement based on a job well-done and the ability to perform the job rather than a persons social class.
Legacy of Napoleon
He spread the revolutionary ideas of equality, liberty and fraternity, economic reforms and religious toleration. However, he also raised taxes on the people he conquered, making them view Napoleon as an outsider and a tyrant. Nationalism people who feel pride in their country and will ght to defend it to the death.