DisplacementMethodofAnalysis

SlopeDeflectionMethod
Chapter 11
DisplacementMethodofAnalysis
Twomainmethodsofanalyzingindeterminatestructure
Forcemethod
Themethodofconsistentdeformations&theequationofthree
moment
Theprimaryunknownsareforcesormoments
Displacementmethod
Theslopedeflectionmethod&themomentdistributionmethod
Theprimaryunknownisdisplacements(rotation&deflection)
Itisparticularlyusefulfortheanalysisofhighlystaticallyindeterminate
structures
Easilyprogrammedonacomputer&usedtoanalyzeawiderangeof
indeterminatestructures
DisplacementMethodofAnalysis
DegreeofFreedom
Thenumberofpossiblejointrotations&independentjoint
translationsinastructureiscalledthedegreeoffreedomofthe
structure
Inthreedimensionseachnodeonaframecanhaveatmostthree
lineardisplacements&threerotationaldisplacements.
Intwodimensioneachnodecanhaveatmosttwolinear
displacements&onerotationaldisplacement.
DOF=nJ R
n numberofpossiblejointsmovements
J numberofjoints
Rnumberofrestrainedmovements
DisplacementMethodofAnalysis
DegreeofFreedom
DOF=nJ R
nnumberofpossiblejointsmovements
n=2fortwodimensionaltrussstructures
n=3forthreedimensionaltrussstructures
n=3fortwodimensionalframestructures
n=6forthreedimensionalframestructures
J numberofjoints
Rnumberofrestrainedmovements
NeglectingAxialdeformation
DOF=nJ R m
m numberofmembers
DisplacementMethodofAnalysis
SlopeDeflectionEquations
Derivation
SlopeDeflectionEquations
AngularDisplacementatA,u
A
1 1 2
0.
2 3 2 3
BA AB
A
M L M L
L L L
EI EI
u
( (
| | | |
+ =
| |
( (
\ . \ .

'
0.
B
M =

1 1 2
0.
2 3 2 3
AB BA
M L M L
L L
EI EI
( (
| | | |
=
| |
( (
\ . \ .

'
0.
A
M =

4
AB A
EI
M
L
u =
2
BA A
EI
M
L
u =
SlopeDeflectionEquations
AngularDisplacementatB,u
B
2
AB B
EI
M
L
u =
4
BA B
EI
M
L
u =
SlopeDeflectionEquations
RelativeLinearDisplacementA
1 2 1
0.
2 3 2 3
M L M L
L L
EI EI
( (
| | | |
+ A =
| |
( (
\ . \ .

'
0.
B
M =

2
6
AB BA
EI
M M M
L

= = = A
SlopeDeflectionEquations
FixedEndMoment
1 1
2 0.
2 2
PL M
L L
EI EI
( (
| | | |
=
| |
( (
\ . \ .

0.
y
F =

8
PL
M =
Fixed-End
moment
SlopeDeflectionEquations
( )
AB AB
M FEM =
( )
BA BA
M FEM =
SlopeDeflectionEquations
FixedEndMoment
SlopeDeflectionEquations
Slopedeflectionequations
Theresultantmoment(addingallequationstogether)
Letsrepresentthememberstiffnessask=I/L&
Thespanrationduetodisplacementas =A/L
Referringtooneendofthespanasnearend(N)&theother
endasthefarend(F).
Rewritetheequations
2 2 3 ( )
AB A B AB
I
M E FEM
L L
u u
( A
| | | |
= + +
| |
(
\ . \ .

2 2 3 ( )
BA B A BA
I
M E FEM
L L
u u
( A
| | | |
= + +
| |
(
\ . \ .

| |
2 2 3 ( )
N N F N
M EK FEM u u = + +
| |
2 2 3 ( )
F F N F
M EK FEM u u = + +
SlopeDeflectionEquations
SlopedeflectionequationsforpinsupportedEndSpan
Ifthefarendisapinorarollersupport
Multiplythefirstequationby2andsubtractingthesecondequation
fromit
| |
2 2 3 ( )'
N N F N
M EK FEM u u = + +
| |
0 2 2 3 0
F N
EK u u = + +
| |
3 ( )'
N N N
M EK FEM u = +
FixedEndMomentTable
FixedEndMomentTable
FixedEndMomentTable Continue
Summary
SlopeDeflectionEquations
M
N
,M
F
=theinternalmomentinthenear&farendofthespan.
Consideredpositive whenactinginaclockwise direction
E,k=modulusofelasticityofmaterial&spanstiffnessk=I/L
u
N
,u
F
=near&farendslopeofthespanatthesupportsinradians.
Consideredpositive whenactinginaclockwise direction
=spanrationduetoalineardisplacementA /L.iftherightend ofa
membersinkswithrespectthetheleftendthesignispositive
Stepstoanalyzingbeamsusingthismethod
Finedthefixedendmomentsofeachspan(bothendsleft&right)
Applytheslopedeflectionequationoneachspan&identifytheunknowns
Writedownthejointequilibriumequations
Solvetheequilibriumequationstogettheunknownrotation&deflections
Determinetheendmomentsandthentreateachspanassimplysupportedbeam
subjectedtogivenload&endmomentssoyoucanworkoutthereactions&draw
thebendingmoment&shearforcediagram
Drawthebendingmoment&shearforcediagram.
Fixed End Moment
2
4 4
2 . 2 .
8
2 6
6 . 6 .
12
AB BA
BC CB
FEM t m FEM t m
FEM t m FEM t m

= = =

= = =
Slope Deflection Equations
| |
| |
| |
| |
0
0
0
0
2 2 0 2 0.5 2
4
2 2 0 2 2
4
2 4
2 2 0 6 6
6 3
2 2
2 2 0 6 6
6 3
A
A
C
C
AB A B AB B
BA A B BA B
BC B C BC B
CB B C CB B
I
M E M EI
I
M E M EI
I
M E M EI
I
M E M EI
u
u
u
u
u u u
u u u
u u u
u u u
=
=
=
=

| |
= + =
|
\ .
| |
= + + = +
|
\ .
| |
= + =
|
\ .
| |
= +

+ = +
|

.

\

4m 6m
4t
2t/m
A
B C
2I I
Example1
J oint Equilibrium Equations
1.7
0.5 2 1.15 .
1.7
2 3.7 .
3.7 .
2 1.7
6 7.1.
3
AB
BA
BC
CB
M EI t m
EI
M EI t m
EI
M t m
M EI t m
EI
= =
= + =
=
= + =
0
4 1.7
2 6 0.
3
BA BC
B B B
M M
EI EI
EI
u u u
+ =
+ + = =
J oint B
Substituting in slope deflection equations
Computing The Reactions
R
A
1.15
4t
R
B1
3.7
1
1.15 4 2 3.7
1.36
4
4 1.36 2.64
A
B
R t
R t
+
= =
= =
2
2 6 3 3.7 7.1
5.43
6
2 6 5.43 6.57
B
C
R t
R t
+
= =
= =
R
B2
3.7
2t/m
R
C
7.1
6.57
5.43
2.64
1.36
-
-
+
+
7.1
3.7
1.15
3.79
1.57
+
+
-
-
-
Determinetheinternalmomentsinthebeamatthesupports.
Fixed End Moment
2
2
2
2
2
60 4 2
26.67 .
6
60 2 4
53.33 .
6
30 6
135 .
8
AB
BA
BC
FEM kN m
FEM kN m
FEM kN m

= =

= =

= =
Slope Deflection Equations
| |
| |
| |
0
0
1
2 2 0 26.67 26.67
6 3
2
2 2 0 53.33 53.33
6 3
1
3 0 135 135
6 2
A
A
AB A B AB B
BA A B BA B
BC B BC B
I
M E M EI
I
M E M EI
I
M E M EI
u
u
u u u
u u u
u u
=
=
| |
= + =
|
\ .
| |
= + + = +
|
\ .
| |
= =

|

\ .
60kN
6m 6m
30kN/m
A
B
C
I I
4m
Example2
0
2 1 7
53.33 135 0 81.67
3 2 6
70
BA BC
B B B
B
M M
EI EI EI
EI
u u u
u
+ =
+ + = =
=
J oint Equilibrium Equations
1
(70) 26.67 3.33 .
3
2
(70) 53.33 100 .
3
1
(70) 135 100 .
2
AB
BA
BC
M kN m
M kN m
M kN m
= =
= + =
= =
J oint B
Substituting in slope deflection equations
Example3
Example2:Determinetheinternalmomentsinthebeamatthesupports
SupportA;downwardmovementof0.3cm&clockwiserotationof0.001
rad.SupportB;downwardmovementof1.2cm.SupportCdownward
movementof0.6cm.EI=5000t.m
2
6m 6m
A B C
I I
Fixed End Moment
0.
AB BA BC CB
FEM FEM FEM FEM = = = =
Displacements:
0.001
1.2 0.3
0.0015
600
0.6 1.2
0.001
600
A
AB
BC
u

= +

= =

= =
Slope Deflection Equations
| |
| |
2 5000
2 0.001 3 0.0015
6
2 5000
2 0.001 3 0.0015
6
AB B
BA B
M
M
u
u

| |
= +
|
\ .

| |
= +
|
\ .
| |
3 5000
0.001
6
BC B
M u

| |
= +
|
\ .
J oint Equilibrium Equations
0
7 0.004 0
0.00057
BA BC
B
B
M M
rad
u
u
+ =
=
=
J oint B
Substituting in slope deflection equations
| |
| |
| |
2 5000
2 0.001 0.00057 3 0.0015 3.22 .
6
2 5000
2 0.00057 0.001 3 0.0015 3.93.
6
3 5000
0.00057 0.001 3.93.
6
AB
BA
BC
M t m
M t m
M t m

| |
= + =
|
\ .

| |
= + =
|
\ .

| |
= + =
|
\ .
Example1
0.0
AB BA
FEM FEM = =
0.0
A C
u u = =
Slope Deflection Equations
Equilibrium Equations
Example2
Example3
Example4
AnalysisofFramesWithoutSway
ThesidemovementoftheendofacolumninaframeiscalledSWAY.
Determinethemomentateachjointoftheframe.EIisconstant
2
5 24 8
80 .
96
BC
FEM kN m

= =
Fixed End Moment
0.
AB BA
FEM FEM = =
2
5 24 8
80 .
96
CB
FEM kN m

= =
0.
CD DC
FEM FEM = =
u
A
=0.
| |
2 0. 0. 0
12
AB B
I
M E u
| |
= + +
|
\ .
0.1667
AB B
M EI u =
Slope Deflection Equations
u
A
=0.
| |
2 2 0 0. 0
12
BA B
I
M E u
| |
= + +
|
\ .
0.333
BA B
M EI u =
Example5
0.333 0.5 0.25 80 0.
C C B
EI EI EI u u u + + + =
| |
2 2 0 80
8
BC B C
I
M E u u
| |
= +
|
\ .
0.5 0.25 80
BC B C
M EI EI u u = +
| |
2 2 0 80
8
CB C B
I
M E u u
| |
= + +
|
\ .
0.5 0.25 80
CB C B
M EI EI u u = + +
u
D
=0.
| |
2 2 0 0. 0
12
CD C
I
M E u
| |
= + +
|
\ .
0.333
CD C
M EI u =
u
D
=0.
| |
2 0 0. 0
12
DC C
I
M E u
| |
= + +
|
\ .
0.1667
DC C
M EI u =
J oint Equilibrium Equations
0
BA BC
M M + =
J oint B
0.333 0.5 0.25 80 0.
B B C
EI EI EI u u u + + =
0.833 0.25 80
B C
EI EI u u + =
0
CB CD
M M + =
J oint C
0.833 0.25 80
C B
EI EI u u + =
22.9 .
45.7 .
45.7 .
45.7 .
45.7 .
22.9 .
AB
BA
BC
CB
CD
DC
M kN m
M kN m
M kN m
M kN m
M kN m
M kN m
=
=
=
=
=
=
Substituting in slope deflection equations
Two equation & two unknown
137.1
B C
EI
u u = =
45.7 45.7
22.9
82.3
22.9
Example6
2I
2I
I I
I
A
B
E
C
F
D
Drawthebendingmomentdiagram
30kN 20kN
48kN/m
2
2
20 1 2
8.89 .
3
BA
FEM kN m

= =
Fixed End Moment
2
2
20 2 1
4.44 .
3
AB
FEM kN m

= =
2
48 4
64 .
12
BC
FEM kN m

= =
64 .
CB
FEM kN m =
0
BE EB CF FC
FEM FEM FEM FEM = = = =
30 2 60 .
CD
M kN m = =
u
A
=0.
Slope Deflection Equations
| |
2 2 0 4.44
3
AB A B
I
M E u u
| |
= +
|
\ .
2
4.44
3
AB B
M EI u =
4m
3m
4m 2m 3m
1m
Example6b
u
A
=0.
| |
2 2 0 8.89
3
BA A B
I
M E u u
| |
= + +
|
\ .
4
8.89
3
BA B
M EI u = +
| |
2
2 2 0 64
4
BC B C
I
M E u u
| |
= +
|
\ .
2 64
BC B C
M EI EI u u = +
| |
2
2 2 0 64
4
CB B C
I
M E u u
| |
= + +
|
\ .
2 64
CB B C
M EI EI u u = + +
| |
2 2 0 0
3
BE B E
I
M E u u
| |
= + +
|
\ .
4
3
BE B
M EI u =
u
E
=0.
| |
2 2 0 0
3
EB E B
I
M E u u
| |
= + +
|
\ .
2
3
EB B
M EI u =
u
E
=0.
| |
2
2 2 0 0
4
CF C F
I
M E u u
| |
= + +
|
\ .
2
CF C
M EI u =
u
F
=0.
| |
2
2 2 0 0
4
FC F C
I
M E u u
| |
= + +
|
\ .
FC C
M EI u =
u
F
=0.
Equilibrium Equations
0
BA BC BE
M M M + + =
4.67 55.11
B C
EI EI u u + =
J oint B
4 4
8.89 2 64 0
3 3
B B C B
EI EI EI EI u u u u + + + + =
0
CB CF CD
M M M + + =
4 4
B C
EI EI u u + =
J oint C
2 64 2 60 0
B C C
EI EI EI u u u + + + =
Two equation & two unknown
4.18
C
EI u = 12.70
B
EI u =
Substituting in slope deflection equations
2
12.7 4.44 4.03 .
3
AB
M kN m = =
4
12.70 8.89 25.83
3
BA
M kNm = + =
2 12.7 4.18 64 42.77 .
BC
M kN m = =
12.7 2 ( 4.18) 64 68.34 .
CB
M kN m = + + =
4.18
8.35
60
68.35
42.77
25.83
16.94
4.03
8.47
4
12.70 16.94 .
3
BE
M kN m = =
2
12.70 8.47 .
3
EB
M kN m = =
2 ( 4.18) 8.35 .
CF
M EI kN m = =
4.18 .
FC
M kN m =
SlopeDeflection(FramewithSway)
AnalysisofFrameswithSway
Fixed End Moment
2 0. 3 0
12 12
AB B
I
M E u
( A
| | | |
= + +
| |
(
\ . \ .

Slope Deflection Equations
1 1
6 24
B
EI EI u = A
As there is no span loading in any
of the member FEM for all the
members is zero
2 2 0. 3 0
12 12
BA B
I
M E u
( A
| | | |
= + +
| |
(
\ . \ .

1 1
3 24
B
EI EI u = A
Drawthebendingmoment
diagram.EIconstant
Example7
0. 4 2
2 2 3 0
15 15 15 15
BC B C B C
I
M E EI EI u u u u
(
| | | |
= + + = +
| |
(
\ . \ .

| |
2 4
2 2 0 0
15 15 15
CB C B B C
I
M E EI EI u u u u
| |
= + + = +
|
\ .
2 1
2 2 0 3 0.
18 18 9 54
CD C C
I
M E EI EI u u
( A
| | | |
= + + = A
| |
(
\ . \ .

1 1
2 0 3 0
18 18 9 54
DC C C
I
M E EI EI u u
( A
| | | |
= + + = A
| |
(
\ . \ .

Equilibrium Equations
0
BA BC
M M + =
J oint B EM
B
=0
1 1 4 2
0.
3 24 15 15
B B C
EI EI EI EI u u u A + + =
14.4 3.2 0
B C
EI EI EI u u A + + =
1
0
CB CD
M M + =
J oint C EM
C
=0
Three unknown & just two equations so we need
another equilibrium equation. Let take EF
x
=0.
2 4 2 1
0.
15 15 9 54
B C C
EI EI EI EI u u u + + A =
7.2 26.4 0
B C
EI EI EI u u A + + =
2
40 0.
A D
H H =
12
BA AB
A
M M
H
+
=
18
CD DC
D
M M
H
+
=
( ) ( )
40 18 1.5 0.
BA AB CD DC
M M M M + + + + =
1 1 1 1
720 1.5
3 24 6 24
B B
EI EI EI EI u u
| |
+ A + A
|
\ .
2 1 1 1
0.
9 54 9 54
C C
EI EI EI EI u u
| |
+ A + A =
|
\ .
0.162 0.75 0.333 720
B C
EI EI EI u u A + + =
3
Now solve the three equation
1 14.4 3.2 0
1 7.2 26.4 0
0.162 0.75 0.333 720
B
C
EI
EI
EI
u
u
A
(

(
=
` `
(

(
) )
136.2
C
EI u =
438.9
B
EI u =
6756.6 EI A =
Substituting in slope deflection equations
208 .
AB
M kN m =
135 .
BA
M kN m =
135 .
BC
M kN m =
95 .
CB
M kN m =
95 .
CD
M kN m =
110 .
DC
M kN m =
-
- +
-
+
+
110
135
135
208
95
95
2
20 15
375 .
12
BC
FEM kN m

= =
Fixed End Moment
0.
AB BA
FEM FEM = =
2
20 15
375 .
12
BC
FEM kN m

= =
0.
CD DC
FEM FEM = =
2 0. 3 0
12 12
AB B
I
M E u
( A
| | | |
= + +
| |
(
\ . \ .

Slope Deflection Equations
1 1
6 24
B
EI EI u = A
Drawthebendingmoment
diagram.EIconstant
Example7
2 2 0. 3 0
12 12
BA B
I
M E u
( A
| | | |
= + +
| |
(
\ . \ .

1 1
3 24
B
EI EI u = A
0.
2 2 3 375
15 15
BC B C
I
M E u u
(
| | | |
= +
| |
(
\ . \ .

4 2
375
15 15
B C
EI EI u u = +
| |
2 2 0 375
15
CB C B
I
M E u u
| |
= + +
|
\ .
2 4
375
15 15
B C
EI EI u u = + +
2 2 0 3 0.
18 18
CD C
I
M E u
( A
| | | |
= + +
| |
(
\ . \ .

2 0 3 0
18 18
DC C
I
M E u
( A
| | | |
= + +
| |
(
\ . \ .

Equilibrium Equations
0
BA BC
M M + =
J oint B EM
B
=0
1 1 4 2
375 0.
3 24 15 15
B B C
EI EI EI EI u u u A + + =
14.4 3.2 9000
B C
EI EI EI u u A + + =
1
2 1
9 54
C
EI EI u = A
1 1
9 54
C
EI EI u = A
Three unknown & just two equations so we need
another equilibrium equation. Let take EF
x
=0.
0
CB CD
M M + =
J oint C EM
C
=0
2 4 2 1
375 0.
15 15 9 54
B C C
EI EI EI EI u u u + + + A =
7.2 26.4 20250
B C
EI EI EI u u A + + =
2
40 0.
A D
H H =
12
BA AB
A
M M
H
+
=
18
CD DC
D
M M
H
+
=
( ) ( )
40 18 1.5 0.
BA AB CD DC
M M M M + + + + =
1 1 1 1
720 1.5
3 24 6 24
B B
EI EI EI EI u u
| |
+ A + A
|
\ .
2 1 1 1
0.
9 54 9 54
C C
EI EI EI EI u u
| |
+ A + A =
|
\ .
0.162 0.75 0.333 720
B C
EI EI EI u u A + + =
3
1 14.4 3.2 9000
0 7.2 23.2 29250
0 1.58 0.185 2178
B
C
EI
EI
EI
u
u
A
(

(
=
` `
(

(
) )
Now solve the three equation
1 14.4 3.2 9000
1 7.2 26.4 20250
0.162 0.75 0.333 720
B
C
EI
EI
EI
u
u
A
(

(
=
` `
(

(
) )
1 14.4 3.2 9000
0. 7.2 23.2 29250
0. 0. 5.29 4257
B
C
EI
EI
EI
u
u
A
(

(
=
` `
(

(
) )
R1-R2
0.162R1-R3
0.22R2-R3
4257
804.7
5.29
C
EI u = =

1469.6
B
EI u =
9587.2 EI A =
Substituting in slope deflection equations
1 1
1467.2 9587.2 155 .
6 24
AB
M kN m = =
1 1
1469.6 9587.2 90 .
3 24
BA
M kN m = =
4 2
1469.6 ( 804.7) 375 90 .
15 15
BC
M kN m = + =
2 4
1469.6 ( 804.7) 375 356 .
15 15
CB
M kN m = + + =
2 1
( 804.7) 9587.2 356 .
9 54
CD
M kN m = =
1 1
( 804.7) 9587.2 267 .
9 54
DC
M kN m = =
267
356
90
90
155
356
-
-
-
Example8
Drawthebendingmomentdiagram.EIconstant
Fixed End Moment
As there is no span loading in any of the
member FEM for all the members is zero
1
2 0. 3 0
5 5
AB B
I
M E u
( A
| | | |
= + +
| |
(
\ . \ .

Slope Deflection Equations
1
2 6
5 25
B
EI EI u = A
1
2 2 0 3 0
5 5
BA B
I
M E u
( A
| | | |
= + +
| |
(
\ . \ .

1
4 6
5 25
B
EI EI u = A
Example9
0
2 2 3 0
7 7
BE B E
I
M E u u
(
| | | |
= + +
| |
(
\ . \ .

4 2
7 7
B E
EI EI u u = +
0
2 2 3 0
7 7
EB E B
I
M E u u
(
| | | |
= + +
| |
(
\ . \ .

2 4
7 7
B E
EI EI u u = +
1
2 0. 3 0
5 5
FE E
I
M E u
( A
| | | |
= + +
| |
(
\ . \ .

1
2 6
5 25
E
EI EI u = A
1
2 2 0 3 0
5 5
EF E
I
M E u
( A
| | | |
= + +
| |
(
\ . \ .

1
4 6
5 25
E
EI EI u = A
2
2 2 3 0
5 5
BC B C
I
M E u u
( A
| | | |
= + +
| |
(
\ . \ .

2
4 2 6
5 5 25
B C
EI EI EI u u = + A
2
2 2 3 0
5 5
CB C B
I
M E u u
( A
| | | |
= + +
| |
(
\ . \ .

2
2 4 6
5 5 25
B C
EI EI EI u u = + A
0
2 2 3 0
7 7
CD C D
I
M E u u
(
| | | |
= + +
| |
(
\ . \ .

4 2
7 7
C D
EI EI u u = +
0
2 2 3 0
7 7
DC D C
I
M E u u
(
| | | |
= + +
| |
(
\ . \ .

2 4
7 7
C D
EI EI u u = +
2
2 2 3 0
5 5
DE D E
I
M E u u
( A
| | | |
= + +
| |
(
\ . \ .

2
4 2 6
5 5 25
D E
EI EI EI u u = + A
2
2 2 3 0
5 5
ED E D
I
M E u u
( A
| | | |
= + +
| |
(
\ . \ .

2
2 4 6
5 5 25
D E
EI EI EI u u = + A
Equilibrium Equations
0
BA BC BE
M M M + + =
J oint B EM
B
=0
1 2
4 6 4 2 6 4 2
0
5 25 5 5 25 7 7
B B C B E
EI EI EI EI EI EI EI u u u u u A + + A + + =
1 2
380 70 50 42 42 0
B C E
EI EI EI EI EI u u u + + A A =
1
0
EB ED EF
M M M + + =
J oint E EM
E
=0
2 1
2 4 2 4 6 4 6
0
7 7 5 5 25 5 25
B E D E E
EI EI EI EI EI EI EI u u u u u + + + A + A =
1 2
50 70 380 42 42 0
B D E
EI EI EI EI EI u u u + + A A =
2
0
CB CD
M M + =
J oint C EM
C
=0
2
2 4 6 4 2
0
5 5 25 7 7
B C C D
EI EI EI EI EI u u u u + A + + =
2
70 240 50 42 0
B C D
EI EI EI EI u u u + + A =
3
0
DC DE
M M + =
J oint D EM
D
=0
2
2 4 4 2 6
0
7 7 5 5 25
C D D E
EI EI EI EI EI u u u u + + + A =
2
50 240 70 42 0
C D E
EI EI EI EI u u u + + A =
4
40 0
B E
H H =
Top story EF
X
=0
5
CB BC
B
M M
H
+
=
5
DE ED
E
M M
H
+
=
H
B
H
E
40 80 0
A F
H H + =
Bottom story EF
X
=0
5
BA AB
A
M M
H
+
=
5
EF FE
F
M M
H
+
=
H
A
H
F
2 2
2 4 6 4 2 6
200
5 5 25 5 5 25
B C B C
EI EI EI EI EI EI u u u u + + A + + A
2
6 6 6 6 4.8 1000
B C D E
EI EI EI EI EI u u u u + + + A =
2 2
4 2 6 2 4 6
0
5 5 25 5 5 25
D E D E
EI EI EI EI EI EI u u u u + + A + + A =
5
1 1
4 6 2 6
600
5 25 5 25
B B
EI EI EI EI u u + A + A
1 1
4 6 2 6
0
5 25 5 25
E E
EI EI EI EI u u + A + A =
1
30 30 24 15000
B E
EI EI EI u u + A =
6
6 unknown and 6 equation
1
2
380 70 0 50 42 42 0
50 0 70 380 42 42 0
70 240 50 0 0 42 0
0 50 240 70 0 42 0
6 6 6 6 0 4.8 1000
30 0 0 30 24 0 15000
B
C
D
E
EI
EI
EI
EI
EI
EI
u
u
u
u

(
(

(
(
=
` `
(

(

(
A

(
A
) )
171.79
B
EI u =
79.80
C
EI u =
79.80
D
EI u =
171.79
E
EI u =
1
1054.46 EI A =
2
837.29 EI A =
Substituting in slope deflection equations
184.4 .
AB
M kN m =
115.6 .
BA
M kN m =
147.2 .
BE
M kN m =
147.2 .
EB
M kN m =
184.4 .
FE
M kN m =
115.6 .
EF
M kN m =
31.6 .
BC
M kN m =
68.4 .
CB
M kN m =
68.4 .
CD
M kN m =
68.4 .
DC
M kN m =
68.4 .
DE
M kN m =
31.6 .
ED
M kN m =
-
-
-
-
+
+
-
+
+
+
+
-
147.2
31.6
68.4
31.6
184.4
115.6
147.2
115.6
184.4
68.4
68.4
68.4
Before we start let us discus the relative
displacement (A) of each span
Degree of freedom
DOF =3x4-6-3 =3
That means we got three unknown &
we need three equations
Drawthebendingmomentdiagram.EIconstant
Example10
A
AB
The relative displacement (A) for span AB
is equal A
AB
0. = A
AB
(clockwise)
The relative displacement (A) for span BC is
equal 0. A
BC
=A
BC
(counterclockwise)
The relative displacement (A) for span CD
is equal 0. (A
CD
)= A
CD
(clockwise)
A
BC
A
CD
A
B
D
C
60
o
take A
AB
=A
A
BC
=A
AB
sin30 =0.5A
A
CD
=A
AB
cos30 =0.866A
Let us build a relationship between A
AB
, A
BC
& A
CD
So in the slope deflection equations we will use;
A as the relative displacement of span AB.
0.5A as the relative displacement of span BC.
0.866A as the relative displacement of span CD.
A
AB
A
BC
A
CD
60
o
60
o
B
u =30
o
2
2 4
2.667 .
12
BC
FEM t m

= =
Fixed End Moment
0.
AB BA
FEM FEM = =
2.667.
CB
FEM m =
0.
CD DC
FEM FEM = =
2 0. 3 0
3 3
AB B
I
M E u
( A
| | | |
= + +
| |
(
\ . \ .

Slope Deflection Equations
2 2
3 3
B
EI EI u = A
2 2 0 3 0
3 3
BA B
I
M E u
( A
| | | |
= + +
| |
(
\ . \ .

4 2
3 3
B
EI EI u = A
0.5
2 2 3 2.667
4 4
BC B C
I
M E u u
( A
| | | |
= +
| |
(
\ . \ .

1 3
2.667
2 16
B C
EI EI EI u u = + + A
0.5
2 2 3 2.667
4 4
CB B C
I
M E u u
( A
| | | |
= + +
| |
(
\ . \ .

1 3
2.667
2 16
B C
EI EI EI u u = + + A +
0.866
2 2 0 3 0
6 6
CD C
I
M E u
( A
| | | |
= + +
| |
(
\ . \ .

2 0.866
3 6
C
EI EI u = A
0.866
2 0 3 0
6 6
DC C
I
M E u
( A
| | | |
= + +
| |
(
\ . \ .

1 0.866
3 6
C
EI EI u = A
Equilibrium Equations
0
BA BC
M M + =
J oint B EM
B
=0
4 2 1 3
2.667 0
3 3 2 16
B B C
EI EI EI EI EI u u u A + + + A =
112 24 23 128
B C
EI EI EI u u + A =
1
0
CB CD
M M + =
J oint C EM
C
=0
1 3 2 0.866
2.667 0
2 16 3 6
B C C
EI EI EI EI EI u u u + + A + + A =
24 80 2.072 128
B C
EI EI EI u u + + A =
2
34.5 3.1 38.375 144
B C
EI EI EI u u A =
3
Third Equilibrium Equations (Method 1)
21 22 12.92 11.92 96 0
AB BA CD DC
M M M M =
6.92m 6.92m
6.0m 6.0m
8.0 8.0
3.0 3.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
6.0 6.0
3.0 3.0
( ) ( )
( )
11 12.92
3 6
8 2 0.0
DC CD AB BA
AB DC
M M M M
M M
+ +
| | | |
+
| |
\ . \ .
=
0
A D
H H =
Third equation EF
X
=0
From the free body diagram for column CD
6
CD DC
D
M M
H
+
=
Free body diagram for column AB
D
C
H
D
CD
M
DC
M
A
B
H
A
AB
M
BA
M
1.5m
2
.
6
m
V
A
( )
2.6 1.5 0
A BA AB A
H M M V + + + =
Free body diagram for Beam BC
V
B
C
CB
M
B
BC
M
2t/m
( )
4 2 4 2 0
B BC CB
V M M + + =
( ) ( ) 1.5
4
2.6 2.6 4
BC CB BA AB
A
M M M M
H
( + +
= +
(

( ) ( ) 1.5
4 0.
2.6 2.6 4 6
BC CB BA AB
CD DC
M M M M
M M
( + +
+
+ + + =
(

( )
4
4
BC CB
A B
M M
V V
+
= = +
Third Equilibrium Equations (Method 2)
( ) ( ) ( )
24 9 10.4 144
BA AB BC CB CD DC
M M M M M M + + + + =
4 2 2 2 1
24 9
3 3 3 3 2
B B B C
EI EI EI EI EI EI u u u u
| | |
A + A +
|
\ . \
2 0.866 1 0.866
10.4 144
3 6 3 6
C C
EI EI EI EI u u
| |
+ A + A =
|
\ .
3 1 3
2.667 2.667
16 2 16
B C
EI EI EI EI u u
|
+ A + + + A +
|
.
34.5 3.1 38.375 144
B C
EI EI EI u u A =
3
Solving the three equation
112 24 23 128
24 80 2.072 128
34.5 3.1 38.375 144
B
C
EI
EI
EI
u
u

(

(
=
` `
(

( A
) )
3.11
B
EI u =
2.71
C
EI u =
6.77 EI A =
Solving the three equation
112 24 23 128
24 80 2.072 128
34.5 3.1 38.375 144
B
C
EI
EI
EI
u
u

(

(
=
` `
(

( A
) )
3.11
B
EI u =
2.71
C
EI u =
6.77 EI A =
Substituting in slope deflection equations
2.44 .
AB
M t m =
0.36 .
BA
M t m =
0.36 .
BC
M t m =
2.78 .
CB
M t m =
2.78 .
CD
M t m =
1.88 .
DC
M t m =
A
B
D
C
_
_
+
+
2.78
1.88
2.78
0.36
0.36
2.44
~2.8
Before we start let us discus the relative
displacement (A) of each span
Drawthebendingmomentdiagram.EIconstant
Example
The relative displacement (A) for span AB
is equal A
AB
0. = A
AB
(clockwise)
The relative displacement (A) for span BC is equal
( o
2
) o
1
= (o
1
+o
2
) = A
BC
(counterclockwise)
The relative displacement (A) for span CD
is equal 0. (A
CD
)= A
CD
(clockwise)
A
BC
=o
1
+o
2
take A
AB
=A
A
BC
=2(A
AB
cosu) =2A 5/8.6 =1.163A
A
CD
=A
AB
=A
Let us build a relationship between A
AB
, A
BC
& A
CD
So in the slope deflection equations we will use;
A as the relative displacement of span AB.
1.163A as the relative displacement of span BC.
A as the relative displacement of span CD.
A
B
D
C
A
CD
A
AB
o
1
o
2
A
AB
A
BC
A
CD
u
u
B
o
1
o
2
u
u
o
1
=o
2
& A
CD
=A
AB
because of
the symmetry in the geometry
2
4 7
16.33 .
12
BC
FEM kN m

= =
Fixed End Moment
0.
AB BA
FEM FEM = =
16.33 .
CB
FEM kN m =
0.
CD DC
FEM FEM = =
2 0. 3 0
8.6 8.6
AB B
I
M E u
( A
| | | |
= + +
| |
(
\ . \ .

Slope Deflection Equations
2 6
8.6 73.96
B
EI EI u = A
2 2 0 3 0
8.6 8.6
BA B
I
M E u
( A
| | | |
= + +
| |
(
\ . \ .

4 6
8.6 73.96
B
EI EI u = A
1.163
2 2 3 16.33
7 7
BC B C
I
M E u u
( A
| | | |
= +
| |
(
\ . \ .

4 2 6.978
16.33
7 7 49
B C
EI EI EI u u = + + A
1.163
2 2 3 16.33
7 7
CB C B
I
M E u u
( A
| | | |
= + +
| |
(
\ . \ .

2 4 6.978
16.33
7 7 49
B C
EI EI EI u u = + + A +
2 2 0 3 0
8.6 8.6
CD C
I
M E u
( A
| | | |
= + +
| |
(
\ . \ .

4 6
8.6 73.96
C
EI EI u = A
2 0 3 0
8.6 8.6
DC C
I
M E u
( A
| | | |
= + +
| |
(
\ . \ .

2 6
8.6 73.96
C
EI EI u = A
Equilibrium Equations
0
BA BC
M M + =
J oint B EM
B
=0
4 6 4 2 6.978
16.33 0
8.6 73.96 7 7 49
B B C
EI EI EI EI EI u u u A + + + A =
103.65 28.57 6.13 1633
B C
EI EI EI u u + + A =
1
0
CB CD
M M + =
J oint C EM
C
=0
2 4 6.978 4 6
16.33 0
7 7 49 8.6 73.96
B C C
EI EI EI EI EI u u u + + A + + A =
28.57 103.65 6.13 1633
B C
EI EI EI u u + + A =
2
6 0
A D
H H =
Third equation EF
X
=0
From the free body diagram for column CD
Free body diagram for column AB
A
B
H
A
AB
M
BA
M
5m
7
m
V
A
( )
7 5 0
A BA AB A
H M M V + + + =
Free body diagram for Beam BC
( )
7 4 7 3.5 0
B BC CB
V M M + + =
( ) ( ) 5
14
7 7 7
BC CB BA AB
A
M M M M
H
( + +
= +
(

( )
14
7
BC CB
A B
M M
V V
+
= = +
V
B
C
CB
M
B
BC
M
4kN/m
V
C
C
H
D
CD
M
DC
M
5m
7
m
D
V
D
( )
7 5 0
D CD DC D
H M M V + + =
( )
7 4 7 3.5 0
C BC CB
V M M + =
( )
14
7
BC CB
D C
M M
V V
+
= = +
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
6 49 7 5 7 5 0
BA AB BC CB CD DC BC CB
M M M M M M M M + + + + + + =
3.688 3.688 5.12 294
B C
EI EI EI u u A = 3
Solving the three equation
103.65 28.57 6.13 1633
28.57 103.65 6.13 1633
3.688 3.688 5.12 294
B
C
EI
EI
EI
u
u
(

(
=
` `
(

( A
) )
18.897
B
EI u =
24.603
C
EI u =
61.532 EI A =
( ) ( ) 5
14
7 7 7
CD DC BC CB
D
M M M M
H
( + +
= + +
(

6 0
A D
H H =
( ) ( ) ( )
7 7 10 294
BA AB CD DC BC CB
M M M M M M + + + + =
2 6 4 6 2 6
7 7
8.6 73.96 8.6 73.96 8.6 73.96
B B C
EI EI EI EI EI EI u u u
| | |
A + A + A
|
\ . \
4 6 4 2 6.978
10 16.33
8.6 73.96 7 7 49
C B C
EI EI EI EI EI u u u
| |
+ A + + A
|
. \
2 4 6.978
16.33 294
7 7 49
B C
EI EI EI u u
|
+ + + A + =
|
.
Substituting in slope deflection equations
0.6 .
AB
M kN m =
3.8 .
BA
M kN m =
3.8 .
BC
M kN m =
16.43 .
CB
M kN m =
16.43 .
CD
M kN m =
10.71 .
DC
M kN m =
_
+
10.71
3.8
16.43
16.43
0.6
3.8
~14.4
A
B
D
C