)5.3. Cercuri.

Cercurile se obin foarte uor cu ajutorul comenzii"CIRCLE" i ENTERsau a pictogramei: Pe ecran apare mesajul: Command: CIRC E 3P/3P/TTR/<Center point>: prin care suntem !ntrebai dac" dorim s" construim cercul !ntr#unul din modurile specificate mai sus$ i anume: a% prin centru i raz" sau diametru b. prin trei puncte de pe cerc &'P( c% prin dou" puncte de pe cerc diametral opuse &)P( d% prin specificarea a dou" entit"i la care cercul *a fi tangent i a m"rimii razei &TTR( +n continuare *or fi date e,emple pentru cele - situaii% a. Command: .electarea pictogramei: CIRC E 3P/2P/TTR/<Center point>: /iameter01Radius2: &/ac" se d" diametrul !n loc de raz"$se *a scrie mai !nt3i 4/5ENTER6$ apoi se *a da *aloarea( b. Command: .electarea pictogramei: CIRC E 3P/2P/TTR/<Center point>: 7irst point: .econd point: T8ird point: P1 c. Command: .electarea pictogramei: CIRC E 3P/2P/TTR/<Center point>: 7irst point on diameter: .econd point on diameter: P1 d. &pe desen e,ist" cele dou" entit"i$ de e,% elipsa i linia(: Command: .electarea pictogramei: sau: CIRC E 3P/2P/TTR/<Center point>: Enter tangent specification: &se indic" un punct de pe linie( Enter tangent specification:&se indic" un punct de pe elips"(
P2

sau: R C

CIRCLE+ENTER C(100 100!+ENTER 20+ENTER

sau:

P2 P3

CIRCLE+ENTER 3P+ENTER P1("0 "0!+ENTER P2(#0 100!+ENTER P3($0 %0!+ENTER

sau:

P2

CIRCLE+ENTER 2P+ENTER P1("0 "0!+ENTER P2(#" #"!+ENTER

CIRCLE+ENTER TTR+ENTER P1 P2+ENTER

P1

5.4. Arce de cerc Trasarea unui arc de cerc se face cu ajutorul comenzii: &RC+ENTER sau a pictogramei: !n mai multe moduri$ pentru definire fiind ne*oie de trei elemente: )-

)9 a. prin trei puncte: Command: Pictograma: Center01'tart point2: Center0End01'econd point2: End point: b. prin punct iniial$ centru i punct final: Command: Pictograma: sau: Center01.tart point2: Center0End01.econd point2: Center: &ngle0Lengt8 of c8ord01End point2: c. prin punct iniial$ centru$ ung8i la centru: Command: Pictograma: sau: Center01.tart point2: Center0End01.econd point2: Center: &ngle0Lengt8 of c8ord01End point2: Included angle: d. prin punct iniial$ centru$ lungimea corzii: Command:Pictograma: sau: Center01.tart point2: Center0End01.econd point2: Center: &ngle0Lengt8 of c8ord01End point2: Lengt8 of c8ord: e. prin punct iniial$ punct final$ raz": Command: Pictograma: sau: Center01.tart point2: Center0End01.econd point2: End point: &ngle0*irection0Radius01Center point2: Radius: P) sau: P : P ) P' P' &RC+ENTER P1(1$0 1"0!+ENTER Ce+ENTER P2(1"0 1"0!+ENTER P3(1(" 1$0!+ENTER P: &RC+ENTER P1(100 200!+ENTER Ce+ENTER P2()0 200!+ENTER P: &+ENTER %0+ENTER &RC+ENTER P1(1"0 200!+ENTER Ce+ENTER P2(110 200!+ENTER L+ENTER "0+ENTER P: &RC+ENTER P1()0 2"0!+ENTER E+ENTER P2(2" 2$0!+ENTER R+ENTER 30+ENTER &RC+ENTER P1(100 100!+ENTER P2(120 $0!+ENTER P3(1(0 #"!+ENTER

P)

P)

;<o

P)

R
P: +. prin punct iniial$ punct final$ ung8i: Command:Pictograma: sau: Center01.tart point2: Center0End01.econd point2: End point: )9 P) &RC+ENTER P1(120 220!+ENTER E+ENTER P2($0 1$0!+ENTER P:

;<
o

)> &ngle0*irection0Radius01Center point2: Included angle: ,. prin punct iniial$ punct final$ direcie iniial" &ung8i(: Command: Pictograma: sau: P ) Center01.tart point2: Center0End01.econd point2: ;< P End point: o &ngle0*irection0Radius01Center ' point2: *irection from start point: &+ENTER %0 +ENTER &RC+ENTER P1(200 220!+ENTER E+ENTER P2(1$0 2)0!+ENTER *+ENTER %0+ENTER

P:

-. Continuarea ultimei linii sau a ultimului arc &*ezi figura precedent"$st3nga(: Command: Pictograma: sau: &RC+ENTER Center01.tart point2: End point: ENTER P3(1(" 23"!+ENTER

5.5. Poligoane regulate . Poligoanele regulate pot fi desenate cu ajutorul comenzii P.L/0.N+ENTER sau prin selectarea pictogramei: i pot fi definite !n cinci moduri: a. Poligon regulat !nscris !ntr#un cerc definit prin centru i raz": Command: Pictograma: sau: Number of sides: Edge01Center of pol=gon2: P: Inscribed in circle0Circumscribed about circle &I0C(: Radius of circle: R P.L/0.N+ENTER (+ENTER P1()0 )0!+ENTER I+ENTER 20+ENTER

b. Poligon regulat !nscris !ntr#un cerc definit prin centru i un punct: Command: Pictograma: sau: P.L/0.N+ENTER )+ENTER RP1(100 P:)0!+ENTER I+ENTER P2($" 3"!+ENTER

Number of sides: Edge01Center of pol=gon2: Inscribed in circle0Circumscribed about circle &I0C(: Radius of circle: P)

P :

c. Poligon regulat circumscris unui cerc definit prin centru i raz": Command: Pictograma: sau: Number of sides: Edge01Center of pol=gon2: P: Inscribed in circle0Circumscribed about circle &I0C(: Radius of circle: d. Poligon regulat circumscris unui cerc definit prin centru i un punct: )>

P.L/0.N+ENTER "+ENTER P1(1$0 )0!+ENTER C+ENTER 1"+ENTER

)C Command: Pictograma: sau: Number of sides: P) Edge01Center of pol=gon2: Inscribed in circle0Circumscribed about circle &I0C(: Radius of circle: P.L/0.N+ENTER $+ENTER P1(100 100!+ENTER C+ENTER P2($0 100!+ENTER

P:

e. Poligon regulat construit prin indicarea punctelor din dou" coluri al"turate: Command:Pictograma: sau: Number of sides: Edge01Center of pol=gon2: 7irst point of edge: P: .econd point of edge: P.L/0.N+ENTERR 3+ENTER E+ENTER P1(100 1"0!+ENTER P2(130 100!+ENTER

P)

5.6. Dreptunghiul Construirea unui dreptung8i este util" mai ales !n faza iniial" a desen"rii i anume !n faza de amplasare pe "coala de desen" a componentelor desenului% /esenul propriuzis are mai multe proiecii &de obicei( amplasate corespunz"tor !n anumite zone ale colii de desen% Este relati* uor #mai ales pentru !nceput# s" se delimiteze aceste zone cu ajutorul unor linii !nc8ise &care se *or terge ulterior( realizate sub forma unor dreptung8iuri obinute !n urma comenzilor urm"toare: &este recomandabil ca pe ecran s? fie *izibil" !ntreaga "coal" de desen"$ ceiace se poate obine cu ajutorul comenzii 1@@A5ENTER i &+ENTER( Command: Pictograma: sau: RECT&N0+ENTER 7irst corner &se indic" un punct corespunz"tor unui col al dreptung8iului$ de e,%:(: @t8er corner &se indic" un punct corespunz"tor P: colului diagonal opus$ de e,%:(: 5.7. Elipsa /esenarea unei elipse se poate realiza cu ajutorul comenzii ELLIP'E i pot fi !nt3lnite urm"toarele situaii: a. Elipsa definit" prin a,e i e,centricitate Command: Pictograma: sau: Brc0Center1B,is endpoint :2: B,is endpoint ): 1@t8er a,is distance20Rotation b. Elipsa definit" prin a,e Command:Pictograma: sau: Brc0Center 01 B,is endpoint : 2: B,is endpoint ): 1@t8er a,is distance20Rotation: P' P: ELLIP'E+ENTER P1(120 "0!+ENTER P2(1#0 "0!+ENTER P3(1(" )"!+ENTER P: P) P) ELLIP'E+ENTER P1("0 "0!+ENTER P2(100 "0!+ENTER 30+ENTER P) P1(10 10!+ENTER P2(1"0 100!+ENTER

P:

P)

)C

)E c. Elipsa obinut" prin rotire Command: Pictograma: sau: Brc0Center01B,is endpoint :2: B,is endpoint ): P: P) 1@t8er a,is distance0Rotation: Rotation around major a,is: &Rotation D R5ENTER definete ung8iul sub care este pri*it cercul$ sau ung8iul seciunii printr#un cilindru fa" de direcia normal" la a,"$ deci RDma,im E;$- definete o elips" aplatisat"D o linie$ iar RD< definete un cerc( d. Elips" definit" prin centru i a,e: Command:Pictograma: Brc0Center01B,is endpoint :2: Center of ellipse: B,is endpoint ): 1@t8er a,is distance0Rotation: e. &rc e3iptic Command: Pictograma: sau: Brc0Center01B,is endpoint :2: Center of ellipse: B,is endpoint ): 1@t8er a,is distance0Rotation: Parameter01start angle2: #' < Parameter0Included 01end angle2: ELLIP'E+ENTER &+ENTER P1(120 200!+ENTER P2(120 1$0!+ENTER (0+ENTER 430+ENTER 230+ENTER ELLIP'E+ENTER C+ENTER P1(#0 200!+ENTER P2(#0 1$"!+ENTER P3(100 200!+ENTER ELLIP'E+ENTER P1(120 1"0!+ENTER P2(1#0 1"0!+ENTER R+ENTER )0+ENTER RET2RN

P: P'

P)

.: P: P)

.)

@bser*aie: /ac" desenul arcului sau cercului apare pe ecran ca un poligon &construit din segmente($ ) ' afiat" densitatea segmentelor 4:<<6 i care se d" comanda: 5ie6re7+ENTER !n urma c"reia este < poate a*ea *alori !ntre :< i )<<<<% /ac" se d" o densitate mai mare Fde e,% 10000+ENTER# cercurile *or ap"rea mult mai corect%

)E