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h 0hs 2s b cb0bsnh3sc% uncb*s c c*bgcn+% dc cs h c% scn sn3c% cbnssdc*h3ss )bls scb"ss b*scc 4s 0b*hlc shu hnccdb c% ch b <n *chg+ ls c*h u*+ <n dcsccndcn3+ c*hs0shn+ shu% 4s 0hs bbgh *c)*c.cn h + <n S)hnsh% hcs shn+% ch dc )sld+ Tcst! csphn!l, slustrhd! c!n hk!rss"!s, dc Bhl hsh* Hlh0bs dc Bh**scn bs ;Mhd*sd% &A&(E% <n ch*c *hducc*ch dsn Thcs c <nsb3s + dc *c2lcc3ss scu* c% scn cn3sbhsc% cbncc)u c ch un cb0cn h*su h)b2 cg0h sc lh cC . H2b*ss0ul <ns+% h4h cu0 <l dcs+/<*4c4 c 0h*clc sc.us h*hgbnc.% *c)*c.sn + b 2b*0+ h* ss sc+ nbu+% cbns *us + )c bh.h >cu/<n ulus dc s)s*s 4s cC)*csscs sub slc% h c2cc clb* bnb0h b)cscc 4s Dbculus dc cu/sn c"% <nchcg<nd >un sss c0 dc b hd0s*hbsl+ /h*sc h c 4s cu cclc 0hs *h2snh c nuhn3c bnhlc"&A? hsss +0 hs 2cl lh nh4 c*ch hk!rss"ulus lstcrhr, gcn dc 0h*c cb0)lcCs h c 4s dcs snh uncs ch*sc*c cu*b)cnc nc<n *c*u) c% dc lh 0hCs0clc lus Lh Rbchc2buc huld 4s )<n+ lh nb h3sslc h2b*ss scc hlc lus Phul #hlc*!% succcssunc ch*c h* 2s 2bs dc nccbncc)u 2+*+ cCss cn3h Brhc!lulus "hnuhl". Succcssunc c+*csh nc )c*0s c0 s+"& hd+ug+0 )c ccl 0hs s *+lucs % )bh c% *c)*c.cn hn cbn c0)b*hn hl gcnulus% 4s hnu0c )c C.M.Csb*hn. Sndc)cndcn3h cs c sc+ h 2scc+*us h2b*ss0 <l dss)cnsch.+ )c c*ch b*ul hccs us gcn 4s dc ncccss h ch h)lsc+*ss unb* c*s c*ss dc b*dbnh*c <n chd*ul culcgc*ss% ssngu*h 0h*c+ 2b*0hl+ h 2luCulus cCcbgs h s/ uns h* 2ssnd nu0c*b h*ch% sh* ssngu*ul 2hc b* cbhgulhn dc hd<ncs0c db/cdsndu"sc cbc*cn3h s slss sc+ 4s h/hnsh*ch u u*b* h2b*ss0clb*% <n *"b hscuns *cgs.h + dc/+l0+4sc% ch b h*0h + )cs *s3+ ch*c"4s hscundc sn cn3sslc sub b dc.b*dsnc ss0ulh +% c+ *c hcclh4s scb) 2b*0h s/" hc sc? cduch*ch )*udcn3cs 0undhnc. K+*+ un )lhn dcclh*h % h4hdh*% h2b*ss0clc s<n b2c*s c dc c+ *c hu b* <n3clc)3slb* hdunh3s lh bs)+3ul sh)scn3shl% du)+ cu0 sc s)unc <n cu/<n ul c+ *c cs s b*% ch >un 0c0b*su... <n ch*c s+ sc <nsc*sc kclurslc dc !uchtc prudcnphlc $s.n.) cc sc /b* 2s sc*/snd <n cclclhl c b)c*c% )cn *u h <0)+*3s )l+cc*ch <n 0bd hg*chbsl"? sc *chc s/ch.+ hs 2cl b 0c h2b*+ c s0blbgsc+ dc /cchc *hds3sc% 4s hnu0c hccch h <nsu4s*ss 4 ssn3cs 4s <n3clc)csunss ?shpscntsh, dc*s/<nd dsn shp!r, <nsch0n+ gus % )*scc)c*c dc h h)*ccsh bun+ h ch 0<nc+*u*slb*% h)bs <n/+3+ u*+% 4 ssn3+% <n3clc)" &A K*s . Schhl2% >Zu* Gcschsch c dcs Kb* cs H)hb*ss0us..."% h* .cst., <n !p. cst., ). &B. Dcs)*c hn cccdcn clc s)hnsblc% 0hs hlcs )c lsnsh hcs ss0ulus% /c.s Kh*l Hl2*cd Blsshc*% >G*hcs1ns H)hb*ss0cn s0 LB*+culb 0hnuhlM und dsc T*h"ds sbn dc* )bls sschcn H)hb*ss0cnsh00lungcn sn S)hnscn"% S!cr!""hnsh, &&'A'. )). 6&'=675. B hnhls.+ cb0)lc + h Dbculus dc cu/sn c <n Brcul!, K*hncsscb G.Pb/cdhnb% >Cl Ducgb dc )hlhb*hs cn cl Brcul! "hnuhl dc G*hcs1n"% R!"hnsschc 1!rschun#cn, 88&'5A% )). 7&9"77(. #c.s 4s Hcl0u Hh .2cld. Cstuds!s s!!rc cl Bhrr!c!, Bsblsb cch Rb0hnsch Hss)hnsch% G*cdbs% Mhd*sd% &'AA ;scgundh cdscs1nE% ch). >Cl bh**bFuss0b dcl LB*1culb 0hnuhlM dc G*hcs1n"% )). 6(A"6A6. &5 Kh*l Hl2*cd Blsshc*% h* . cst, ). 675: Dsc c* K*c0c*s% !p. cst., ). 'B.
21
csuncE )*sn *"un ss*hsls)*bccs dc nu *s3sc 2s.sblbgsc+% )*ccu0 cclcb*h snnutrsts!n h lus Mbn hsgnc% )*sn *"un 0c hbblss0 s)s*s uhl cb0)lsch ch*c gcnc*ch.+ b nbu+ 2+) u*+ l+un *sc+ su)c*sbh*+% lh G*hcs1n% du)+ cu0 h0 /+.u % c*bul% b0ul dc lu0c shu dsscc*n+ b*ul% )*udcn ul% )c*sbhnh shu <n3clc) ul. B. Dh* hccs 0c hbblss0 ch*c dc2snc4 c 4 ssn3h b0cnchsc+ ?shpscntsh. shp!r c cE% <4s h*c un cb*cs)bndcn 4s <n 2unc3sbnh*ch 2ssn3cs 0c h2s.scc dsn b0. P*bccsul dc nu *s3sc 4s hss0slh*c h uncs subs hn3c sub slc cs c chlch *hns2b*0+*ss *hdschlc h b0ulus <n <nsu4s C*ch b*ul s+u 4s h hccs ush <n c*ch u*h 0<n us +. Thsnh cuhh*ss scs c <ns+4s c0h ul s0ulus *h h hl lus G*hcs1n% ul s0ul b bdh + 4s hl cds3scs dc 2h3+% hd*csh b0ulus *clsgsbs. Pb.s3sh hccs us cb0)cndsu dc hscc.+ s)s*s uhl+ 4s 0ss sc+ <n b)c*h lus G*hcs1n% )c dc b )h* c% 4s <n ls c*h u*h s)hnsbl+% )c dc hl h% ncccss + c< c/h )*ccs.+*s. T*cbusc s+ <ncc)c0 )*sn h 0+* u*sss c+ h0 subh)*ccsh s0)b* hn3h hccs cs c+*3s sc*ssc dc G*hcs1n <n &AB6 4s )ublsch c% du)+ bb3snc*ch dc hs + dh + h u u*b* h)*bb+*slb* s0)usc dc dsscs)lsnh b*dsnulus% <n &ABB% sub sc0n+ u*h sh *chl+% ch. unsc <n ch*sc*h sh. Nc"h0 l+sh sndu4s <n c*bh*c dc c< c/h lbcu*s cb0unc )*s/s bh*c lh cbncc)3sh lus G*hcs1n dcs)*c lu0c 4s lbcul b0ulus <n *"<nsh% ch 4s dc unclc h)*ccsc*s 0sns0hls.hn c dcs)*c lbcul subhl c*n bcu)h dc Cl c!"ul#ht!rs! )*sn *c cclclhl c c+*3s hlc lus. Nu0hs *hduc<ndu"& = h0 sus3snu <n b dchunh c+ *hducc*ch c cch 0hs )c* sncn + b)c*h3sc dc h)*chcndh*c c*s sc+ h unus hu b* = s"h0 <n3clcs <nsc0n+ h ch cu b ul ncbbs4nus +. Hbsh cu hcchs + sc*sc*c )c*sbnhls h ch 0h*clus h*hgbnc. s.bu c4 c b cC)*s0h*c sn cg*hl+% h)*b)*ssndu"4s <n )*s0ul *<nd ds0cnssunch 0c h2s.sc+% hbscn + dsn cclclhl c c+*3s. <n lbcul cs% b 0undhns h c 2+*+ s)c*hn3+ sc+ldh + <n *"un )css0ss0 *hdschl% ssngu*h chlc dc shl/h*c )cn *u pcrs!hnh g*hcshncsc+% )cn *u b0ul dcs+/<*4s % h c+*us 2b*0h*c b /cdc b u4s cu )u sn3+% 2ssnd hcccsul lh 0c0b*sh s0hncn + h b0cns*ss% lh >snsulh nc0u*s*ss" undc <3s dhu d*c) ul s+ c sns hlc.s )bs u0 2h) clc dsn s0)ul /sc3ss? nc0u*s*ch hcchs h c <ns+ *clh s/+ 4s bh.h + )c c*s c*ss <n/ccsnh c cu hcclch hlc u0hnss0ulus *cnhsccn ss % hdsc+ 0sDlbhcc cCcluss/ b0cnc4 s. Tbh c c+*3slc lus G*hcs+n )b 2s% <n *"hdc/+*% <nsc*ssc <n *"un )*bscc hn *b)blbgsc subsu0h c0)b*hls +3ss ss b*scc? b0ul dcs+/<*4s )l+0+ds <n /s.sunch lb* c nu0hs b0ul dc lu0c 4s b0ul <n lu0c. Cu*sbs 4s snsu2scscn )cn *u un )c*sbnhD cu /bch3sc *clsgsbhs+% chsh* dhc+ 0c0b*u hl unus b*dsn hCh )c b )cdhgbgsc h lu0csculus. H)h*c <ns+ *h h ul s+u dc <nd*u0h*c s)s*s uhl+% Cu"sncct!rul, ncglsDh shu cb0cn h su)c*2scshl dc 0hs b3s c*s scss. #cchs *cscn s0cn c
hn ssc.us c shu hu b0h ss0c hn sclc*schlc <s 2hc )c unss dsn *c cs s+"s hduc+ lus G*hcs1n hcu.h3ss g*h/c? Cu"sncct!rul hs Ts b >cbnccssc 2+cu + Sbcsc +3ss lus Ssus"% >b)c*+ dc cb0)*b0ss"% >hbh c*c dc lh *hscc b*sh cbncss+ h lus G*hcs1n% dsn *h3suns s *+snc hu b*ulus"% hdsc+ dsn )*scsnh uncs >bblsgh3ss 2h3+ dc sc.us3s"&8% shu hc dc >s)bc*s.sc"% >h0cs cc dc csnss0 4s )*cchu3sc"% nc*u4snh*c 4s g<ndu*s hscunsc% dcbh*ccc% <n cu/<n ul c+ *c cs s b* 4s <n dcdsch3sh c+ *c Cl/s*h Pbncc dc Lcbn <4s +g+dusc4 c 4s"4s *ccunbh4 c b bdh + hu b*h ul cclb*lhl c c+*3s&'. B*% ch* ch *cs)cc s/+ c *bdul uncs <ndclungh c hc s/s +3s )hs b*hlc shu dc )*cdsch3sc )c ch*c G*hcs1n 4s"h dus"b b dchunh lh bun s2<*4s cu 2c*/bh*c 4s dc)lsn+ ssncc*s h c. Mhs 0ul % *h h ul *clsgsbs h 2bs sc*ss <n *"b c h)+ <nhsn h + h /sc3ss lus G*hcs1n% du)+ cc% c d*c) % sub )scudbns0 4s clud<nd *cgulslc dc dsscs)lsn+ hl b*dsnulus sc.us % <4s )ublschsc bh c b)c*clc lhscc hn c*sbh*c% sncluss/ )*s0clc dbu+ )+*3s hlc Crstsc!nulus, dc2snsndu"sc cb0)lc ch sc*ss b* )*b2hn 4s hssgu*<ndu"4s b ch*sc*+ cu*b)chn+ s *+lucs +. H* 2s cu h < 0hs 0ul b nhs/s h c s+ nc <nchs)us0 c+ )*sn *"b ssngu*+ )ublsch3sc <*.sc h* 2s *cu4s s+ <0)hcc nc0ul3u0s*slc su)c*sb*slb* s+s% 0hs hlcs c+ lh dbs hns du)+ h)h*s3sh Cu"sncct!rulus G*hcs1n *ccsds/ch.+ 4s )ublsc+ b sub )scudbns0 )h* ch h *csh 4s ul s0h dsn Crstsc!nul. Nu s"h /+.u % cu c< c/h *h*c cCcc)3ss% c+ hcchs + ch* c *b unDc4 c /s.sunch lus G*hcs1n 4s *c)*c.sn + 4s b )c*2b*0hn3+ ls c*h*+ dc ssnc s + + bh*c. <n*uds % du)+ cu0 bbsc*/h B ss H.G*ccn79% cu s)ccsh h < dc hss)hnsc+ h >hc clb* shc*h0cn hlc" $hut!s shcrh"cnthlcs) )*sn c0h cuhh*ss sc+ )c ch*c b dc./bl + nh*h s/ <n *"b succcssunc dc 0cds h3ss dc un d*h0h ss0 bsnc s *uns 4s cbns *us )c un hdc/+*h sss c0 cbn *h)unc sc. Cu"sncct!rul h*c )u c*nscc lcg+ u*s 4s cu ls c*h u*h 0ss sc+% nu h < ch 0c0b*shl hl )*b)*scs h/cn u*s uns s/c% c< ch )*bsl+/s*c )lsn+ dc 2c*/bh*c h 4s 0hs )*b2undcs% h b hlcs uns*s shc*h0cn hlc cu Du0nc.cu )*sn ch*c *ccc b*scc c*cdsncsbs du)+ cbnsu0h*ch h*hncs cuhh*ssucc. C cu h < 0hs sncC)lschbsl 2h) ul c+ hcchs + ch* c% ch*c h cunbscu 4s un s0)b* hn succcs dc )ublsc ;)cs c dbu+.ccs dc cds3ss <n b*sgsnhl 4s <n *hducc*s )<n+ lh s2<*4s ul sccblulus *ccu E c b hl sgnb*h + )<n+ 4s dc ccs 0hs h/s.h3s ss b*scs hs ls c*h u*ss 0ss scc 7&. C/cn uhlclc sc0sh)*ccsc*s s<n ccl 0ul cbndcsccndcn c. Nu h0 &8 Shn bs Hlbnsb% Tcnss!n sc"hntsch $lcn#uh7c 9 cstsl!) dc Grhcsn, )*blbgb dc Rh2hcl Lh)csh% Sns s ucsbn >Kc*nhndb cl Ch blscb"% Zh*hgb.h% &'8&% )). 8'% '5 4s &A5. Lh 2cl dc c*bnh % Cu"sncct!rul c )us dc Shn bs Hlbnsb )c hcclh4s )lhn cu P!lstscshnul, cbnssdc*h 4s cl ch 2ssnd b b)c*+ h)blbgc sc+% s *+sn+ 4s ch dc s)s*s ul lus G*hcs1n. &' Juhn Luss Hlbb*g% Hsst!rsh dc lh lstcrhturh csphn!lh, b0b SS% Cp!ch !hrr!ch, scgundh cdscsbn% G*cdbs% Mhd*sd% &'55% )). 8A5"8A8. 79 B ss H. G*ccn% Csphnh 9 lh trhdscs!n !ccsdcnthl. Cl cspsrstu chstcllhn! cn lh lstcrhturh dcsdc ;Cl Csd" hhsth Chldcr!n, *hd. dc C. S1nchc. Gsl% ( /bs.% G*cdbs% Mhd*sd% &'A'% /bs. SS% ). &(B. 7& Ch dc )sld+ Pcd*b Shsn. Rbd*sguc.% Sntr!duccs!n h lh hsst!rsh dc lh lstcrhturh "sstsch cn Csphnh, cds b*shl #blun hd% Mhd*sd% &'75% )c ch*c sc bh.ch.+ 4s 0hs *cccn h luc*h*c h lus ,ngcl L. Csl/c s% Sntr!duccs!n h lh "sstsch csphn!lh, Cds" csbncs Ch cd*h% Mhd*sd% &'5(: hccch4s +cc*c b )+s *ch.+ C. Hllssbn Pcc*s% Cl "ss3tscss"! csphn!l, Hus *hl% Mhd*sd% &'(5.
MSJLBHCC BMCNCTS S MSJLBHCC DS#SNC 23
<n <lns nscs un s udsu h)*b2undh hsu)*h Cu"sncct!rulus, cu cCcc)3sh sn *bducc*ss lus C/h*ss b Cb**ch Chldc*bn lh cds3sh sh. Cch 0hs lucsd+ h)*ccsc*c% dsn )+ch c ncdc./bl h + su2scscn % <s h)h*3snc <ns+% du)+ 4 ssn3h nbhs *+% 0h*clus g*hcshnss Msgucl Bh llb*s% ch*c /cdc <n hcchs + ch* c >b)c*h cch 0hs ssncc*+ h lus G*hcs1n"% cch ch*c *+s)undc <n 0bd ccl 0hs ds*cc >h 0bs2c*cs *clsgsbhsc 4s su)*hnh u*hlc ch*c"s c*h )*b)*sc dc 2h) "% )c c<nd <n cclclhl c c+*3s hlc sc*ss b*ulus% c*s scul bbsc*/+ b dchunh >un c2b* dc h c/hdh dsn h0bscn ul s+u% dc h"4s dcsu)*hnh u*hls.h g<nds*ch% dc h ss"ulh b 0b*hl+ lhscs.hn + 4s un dcss0 nh u*hlss % ch h s udsnc ls c*h*+ ss"ulht 4s sn cn3sbnh +"77. Bbsc*/h3ss )c ch*c nbs nu lc <n3clcgc0 dclbc ch )c b )lcdbh*sc pr! d!"! suh, cs ch )c b 0hs d*ch) + h4c.h*c h Dudcc+3slb* dcs)*c b sc*sc*c subh)*ccsh +. NcglsDh*ch unsculus *h h *clsgsbs hl lus G*hcs1n h h/u d*c) cbnsccsn3+ 4s sgnb*h*ch 0h*slb* lus 0c*s c nu nu0hs cbncc) uhlc% cs 4s cs c scc 4s s slss scc. Sc )h*c c+ 4s dc dh h hcchs h% hu b*ul 4 sc s+ 2sc 0hs lucsd dcc< 0ul3s dsn *c c*s scss s+s. <n cu/<n ul c+ *c cs s b*% G*hcs1n 2b*0ulch.+ *cs sdcs s0)b* hn c? &. Cu"sncct!rul c ssngu*h ch* c dsn *c cclc h *sbus c lus h c+*cs phtcrnsthtc 4s"b *ccunbh4 c d*c) lc#sts", ccch cc nu ns sc )h*c c< u4s dc )u3sn b db/hd+ dc s)bc*s.sc% cs un 0bd )h*hdbChl% h < dc 2*cc/cn <n b)c*h sh% dc h s)unc nu c+ )c cclclhl c nu lc"h* 2s sc*ss cl% cs c+% s)*c dcbscbs*c dc clc% bd*hslc nclcgs s0c hlc s)s*s ulus s+u% *h h ul dcs)*c <0)+* +4hnsc s./b*+4 c% cbn2s*0<nd bbsc*/h3sh lus M. Bh llb*s% dsn <ns+4s cbnds3sh lus hu cn sc+ 4s 2undh0cn hl+ dc )*clh % dc )*cb % dc phtcr, :. Cu"sncct!rul sluDc4 c 0hs 0ul hkccts sthtch dcc< sngcnsb.s h ch% c+*csh <s cbnshc*hsc hnu0c b sc*sc*c h0)l+ $Hscus"ch 4s hrth sn#cns!0stss), 4s% <n *" hdc/+*% nsc+sc*s <n b)c*h sh nu sc )b *cg+ss )hgsns dc un ls*ss0 4s dc b 2c*/bh*c 0ss sc+ h < dc sn cnsc ch hscs: 6. Ch* ch hcchs h c 0cns + s+ 2sc un <nd*c) h* )cn *u >0<n us*ch c c*n+" h su2lc clb* cucc*nscc% <n *<ndul c+*b*h <4s )b h2lh cu h < 0hs lcsnc lbcul 4s >)c*sbhnclc" 2b*0h c lh 4cbhlh *h h clb* s)blbgscc )*b2hnc shu h cCc0)lulus nh*h s/ dsn Crstsc!nul. B0ul c )us hscs <n 2h3h b)3sunss dccsss/c? c+u h*ch uns*ss cu Du0nc.cu shu /cgc h*ch <n *"un ss0sls)h*hdss u0hnss hu b2hg. Cu"sncct!rul, <n )b2sdh cbnds3scs 0hs u0slc )c ch*c hu b*ul s"b *ccunbh4 c% hccch dc <nd*u0h* )*hc sc% 2+*+ h <ncc h s+ c*chd+% b )b *s/s dcclh*h3scs lus G*hcs1n% c+ )bh c *s/hls.h cu cclclhl c sc*sc*s hlc shlc% cs c chcsh dc bbl + h /s.sunss shlc bn blbgscc cb0)lc c% )ccc ch 0c h2s.sc+ hbscn + )<n+ lh cl. Mb s/ul db0snhn hl cclb* csncs.ccs dc 0cds h3ss cs c bs)+3ul% 4s hnu0c bs)+3ul cuhh*ss sc% bhnchc sblc0n <n cu*sul c+*ush 2scch*c bhs)c c )bh c *cs c*h <n chs) ncs<ngc*bs Dc* 2h dc )c c*ucc h lus Ssus% 77 Msgucl Bh llb*s S. S.% Grhcsn / cl Bhrr!c!, Cds.sbns ds S b*sh c Lc c*h u*h% Rb0h% &'B8% ). 85.
24
0<nc<ndu"& )c ccl shc*s2sch dc d*hgul c*ch u*ss% <n *"b h 0bs2c*+ dc cbn/s/shls h c shc*+% ccclc.shl+ 4s )c*sbnhl+ b bdh +. Sccnc /c c*b" 4s ncb cs h0cn h*c% 2sgu*<nd 0b0cn c dc 0hCs0+ h)*b)sc*c h b0ulus dc Du0nc.cu% s<n cbn/bch c ch c*0cn dc cb0)h*h3sc )cn *u nchsc0us 0hs 0h*ch 2c*scs*c h+*+.s + c*cdsncsb4slb* ch*c nu nu0hs c+ sc )b h)*b)sh dc Ssus )<n+ lh h sngc*c 2s.sc+% dh* 4s"& )b chsh* <ncb*)b*h )*sn *"un hc 2s.sblbgsc shc*h0cn hls.h % <l )b dccs >0<nch" lh )*b)*su% <n chs) *chl 4s hdc/+*h % h4h cu0 sc *c)c + 0hs <n 2scch*c 0cds h3sc ;/c*c% rch3Utcr, su!sthntshlhcr c*hu c*0cnss )*sn ch*c dc2snch dbg0h *hnssubs hn3sc*ss Cbncslsul dsn T*cn bE. S slul cs c >ccl cc*u dc s0)"% hcccssbsl% h4hdh*% nu dbh* )ublsculus bbs4nus hl sc*ss b*ulus% cls h sn clcc uhl+ 4s sbcshl+ h /*c0ss% cs <n *cgss u*0c )+s b*s c dc un )*cb .
Dsscu*sul% 0hs ss0)lu dcc< <n cclclhl c *h h c% du)+ cu0% s)c*+0% sc /h )u ch cbns h h 4s dsn *hducc*ch *b01nchsc+% 0h*ch b u4s dc un sub sl cu*cn )c*suhss/ cu sn2lcCsuns bh*bcc% nu ls)ss dc hcccn c dc"h d*c) ul 4bchn c )cn *u un cs s b* dc h.s% hsu)*h c+*b*h h *hgc0 h cn3sh )*sn nb c h0+nun3s c lh cC % <l <n/h3+ )c c*cdsncsbs s+ sc )*cg+ chsc+ dc cb0unsunc ;)unc ul &E% s+ sc cu0snccc ;)unc ul 7E% s+ culchg+ *bhdclc shu bsnc2hcc*slc cu0sncc+ u*ss ;)unc ul 6E 4s% cC *c0 dc s0)b* hn % dccsss/ chsh*% s+ hduc+ 0ul3u0s*s lus Du0nc.cu ;)unc ul (E% >cuhh*ss sc" <nsc0n<nd >0ul3u0s*c% *ccunb4 sn3+". Ccn *hls h ch 0b s/ulus c *clc/h + dc <ns+4s )*s0h bcu*cn3+ h c*0cnulus% <n ccn *ul )*b)*su".ss hl c+*3ss% 0cds h3sh 7B% hCh + )c hc ul cuhh*ss sc sns s u s/% Csnh cch dc Thsn+? hscs% )cn *u )*s0h bh*+ <n cu)*snsul *h h ulus% h)h*c 4s c*0cnul shc*h0cn hl )*b)*su".ss% s). Cuchrsstsh. <n 0h*ch 0hDb*s h c h ch.u*slb* 2scch*c )unc h*c c< c dbu+ = h0 s)unc cu un c*0cn 0u.schl = 0s4c+*s? )*s0h sn *bducc shu *csh c0h dc bh.+% hdsc+ hlcgb*c.h shu cCc0)lul culcs dsn ss b*sh shc*+% cch dc"h dbuh lc )c*sbnhls.ch.+% lc h)lsc+ lh ss uh3sh nc0sDlbcs + h cclus cc )*s0c4 c cu0sncc+ u*h 4s *chls.ch.+ hs 2cl% 2h3+ dc ns/clul )*s0ulus )unc % shl ul bn blbgsc hbsblu )*sn sngc*h*ch h*hncs ds/snc% *u)ul lus Ssus. S<n cbn/bch c un 0h*c nu0+* dc sccnc bsblscc )cn *u h cb0)unc s0hgsnch unsc+ h c*cdsncsbsulus cc"4s dc/b*ch.+ cC h sc Du0nc.cul cc"s /snc <n <n <0)snh*c 4s s sc b2c*+% s)*c h"& hducc lh Ssnc% ch Dc* 2+ sub sl+ 4s*bsnd dc s<ngclc s)s*s uhl hl Hbsblu ulus subs b*. P*sncs)hlul )*bccdcu s slss sc hl dsscu*sulus 0cds h s/ cstc phrhlclh6 0hs bh c 0cds h3sslc s<n cbns *us c )*sn )unc*ch <n )*c.cn3+ h uncs sccnc bsblscc shu h uncs hlcgb*ss 4s h *chls +3ss cuhh*ss scc <n 2h/bh*ch hccs csh dsn u*0+: )*bccdcul sc *cg+sc4 c 4s <n cb0)b.s3sh 2scc+*ush dsn *c cclc )h *u )unc c hlc 0cds h3sslb*% hlc+ us c% lh *<ndul lb*% dsn c< c dbu+ )h*hg*h2c 0cns c s+ sn cnss2scc hl c*nhn3h dc )lhnu*s. S *uc u*h hcchs h c *cs)cc h + cu s *sc c3c <n 0h*ch 0hDb*s h c h ch.u*slb*% cCcc)3sc 2+c<nd 0cds h3sslc cu ch*hc c* dc <nd*u0h*c 0hs gcnc*hl+% g*u)h c 0hs hlcs )*sn *c
7B
ul s0clc .ccc76. Mcds h3sslc s<n cC *c0 dc h cn b*ghns.h c 4s sc dcs2+4bh*+ )b *s/s uncs *s 0scs sub slc dc )bc0 cu 2b*0+ 2sC+% h0sn snd dss *sbu3sh c<0)u*slb* dc 2b*3+ h*gu0cn h s/c dsn sbnc % 2+*+ ch *sgbh*ch 2b*0hl+ s+ ds0snuc.c )bssbsls +3slc dc /h*sh3sc. Dc lh ls*ss0ul bucblsc hl 0cds h3scs 6(% dc b g*h3sc suh/+ ch dc c<n h*c hg*cs +% sn cnss h ch *+s*ss s)s*s uhlc sc <nhl3+ )<n+ lh )h c ss0ul ls u*gsc hl cC *hb*dsnh*cs 0cds h3ss B9% ch*c% *clu<nd 0b s/ul dc bh.+ hl Crstsc!nulus, /sh3h ch )c*cg*snh*c% dcs2+4bh*+ unh dsn cclc 0hs ulbu*+ bh*c /b*bs*s dcs)*c c+l+ b*sh <n 0bh* c cc nc h4 ch) + su2lc clc% schndh + dc dhng+ ul dsh2hn 0c hlsc hl snsc* u*slb* lh snc4 s. B cb0)h*h3sc cu 0b0cn ul ss0slh* dsn Crstsc!nul, SSS ;c*s sch h &&"h% >Sbhc*h /sc3ss"E% cbns *us cu s *+lucs*c 4s cl <n )*clungs*ch <ndclungh cs *hds3ss h > *sbunhlclb* 0b*3ss" dsn C/ul Mcdsu% dh* )+s *h <n *cgss *ul )*b2hn% d+ 0+su*h )*b2un.s0ss 0c h2s.scc lh ch*c hDungc G*hcs1n dsncblb dc sblu3sh c*cs *+ ls0s h + h Snsulcs Nc0u*s*ss? b0ul )bh c 2s cu hdc/+*h 0<n us lh ch)+ ul ul s0cs c+l+ b*ss% du)+ >un d*u0 lung 4s )*s0cDdsbs"% cu >c+*+*s nc0hsb+lu c% +*<0u*s nc0hs/+.u c"% c<nd b0ul sc )bh c )*cschs0bh <n Du0nc.cul <0)+* +4s 4s hccs h <n b0% d+snusnd >b /c4nscsc dc slh/+"? hcblb sc h2l+ hdc/+*h ul ccn *u hl Kssn3cs s)*c ch*c sndch s0)lscs 4s )clc*snhDul /sc3ss <n c*cs *s h c% hl c+*us scb)% dclbc snu sl <n )c*s)cc s/h hbsblu ulus% c*h dbb<nds*ch )c*2cc3sunss b0cnc4 s dc )*s0+ sns hn3+% h >c*bscs +3ss" <n bh c scnsu*slc )*b)b/+dus + dc G*hcs1n. S"h* )+*ch% <n hcchs + b*dsnc dc sdcs% c+ G*hcs1n"P*cb ul &"h dclcgh )c G*hcs1n"Dss"cc*n+ b*ul s+ *hsc.c hh* h )*s0cs )+*3s h c+l+ b*scs nbhs *c s)*c nbs <n4snc: h 2+cu "b <n chs) slus *u% cu 0sDlbhcc h < dc slu.sbnss c% <nc< h0 2bs cn h3s s+"s d+0 us +*ss /bch3sh 2undh0cn hl+ 4s s+ hd0s*+0% chsh* dhc+ <n *ss h3s% un uns/c*s 2sns cbndh0nh lh ls)s+ dc *hnsccndcn3+. B*% Cu"sncct!rul *cs hbslc4 c )*b)b*3sslc 4s b2c*+ chcsh s *+dhnsslb* b0cnc4 s? dcs+/<*4s*ch )c*sbnhl+% du)+ nb*0clc h < dc Dudscsbs% )cnc *hn 4s dc.hbu.h *ccb0hndh c dc G*hcs1n% <n *"b lu0c h du)lscs +3ss 4s h *+ulus% nu <nsch0n+ dcc< b c h)+ )*cg+ s bh*c )cn *u 0h*ch *ccc*c dc )c u*0+. Hccs h c*cdc0 c+ c cs h0cn ul s)s*s uhl hl lus G*hcs1n% sc*ss <n &AB6% cu csncs hns <nhsn c dc 0bh* c% 4s dcghs.h sub h)h*cn3clc unus 0bdcs *h h )*hc sc dc cds2sch*c *clsgsbhs+. Nc<n3clcgc*ch hccs cs *chls +3s sc )c*)c uch.+% du)+ cu0 h0 /+.u % 4s <n )*c.cn . Pc scu* ? )cn *u nbs% Cu"sncct!rul, dc)h* c dc h 2s un cb0)*b0ss >dc sc*/scsu"% cbn snu+ 4s <ncununch.+% *+s)un.<nd unus s0bbld sn c*sb*% b)c*h dc 0b*hlss h lus G*hcs1n% c+*csh <s hdhug+ ds0cnssunch 0c h2s.sc+
76
Mcds h3sslc (&% (5% (8% (' hu nu0hs *cs )unc c: 0cds h3sslc 78% (B% (A ;dbh* )unc clc 6 4s (E% (5% (8%('%B9 = )unc clc hu c< c un ssngu* )h*hg*h2. Mcds h3sslc &% &A% &8% 78 4s (A nu hu b su*s+ s)ccs2sc+: dsn *c hccs ch% dcbscbs dc sn c*cshn + )cn *u h dc0bns *h uns h ch b)c*cs lus G*hcs1n cs c 0cds h3sh &8% cbns *us + )c b schc0+ hlcgb*sc+ cc )bh c 2s *cg+ss + <n CrsL 7A
hbscn + )<n+ h uncs. Dc 2h) % ul s0ul s+u *h h c )*c2sgu*h <nc+ dsn *<ndu"*slc cbnclu.s/c hlc cclus dsn <s% Cr!ul6 >S+ 2ss c*bu hl lu0ss c )u3sn shu ns0sc: s+ 2ss hl cc*ulus c 0ul ? 4s hlc 0h*clus s+u Mbnh*h 2sc lhudh% 2sc csns s*ch% 2sc glb*sh." Dc"h lungul cclb*lhl c sc*sc*s sc 0hs )b <n <lns 4s hl c sc0nc hsc0+n+ bh*c. Dc cc h uncs h)h*cn h scsndh*c dsn *c b)c*h )*b2hn+ 4s sc*sc*ch sh *clsgsbhs+% <nsb3s + dc dcscbnssdc*h*ch hccs csh dsn u*0+O R+s)unsul% s<n c0 <nc*cdsn3h3s% sc g+sc4 c b <n )hgsnslc lus G*hcs+n% 4s hnu0c <n *"unus dsn cclc 0hs 0ss c*sbhsc 4s 0hs cb0cn h c h2b*ss0c hlc Brhc!lulus "hnuhl. Cbn *h* cclb*lhl c% hccs h sc *cducc dc 2h) lh cCc*g+% ch*c% <n *uc< h)h*3snc >unus 0h*c 0hcs *u"% nu ncccss + cb0cn h*ss su)ls0cn h*c? >T*cbusc s+ *ccu*gs lh 0Dlbhcc b0cnc4 s ch 4s cu0 n"h* cCss h 4s ds/snc% 4s lh cclc d/snc ch 4s cu0 n"h* cCss h 4s b0cnc4 s" ;BM% 7B&E. s h4h 4s )*bccdch.+ G*hcs1n? <n <n *chgh sh b)c*+ dc )*b)cdcu sc+ 4s )cdhgbgsc )*b2hn+% cl )unc 0c h2s.scul <n *c )h*hn c.c <n hsc0cnch 0+su*+% <nc< h 2bs 4s cs c cbnssdc*h d*c) unul dsn *c sc*ss b*ss ccs 0hs s*c0cdshbsl scu2undh3s <n s0hncn . Hccs dc0c*s <nc+)+3<nh <n s *sc h 0undhns h c )bh c ducc <ns+% cu0 h0 /+.u % lh cbn u*h*ch unus s) u0hn sdchl )cn *u cbnds3sslc lu0ss nbhs *c 4s hlc c+*us <n.cs *+*s dc cunbh4 c*c 4s hu bcbn *bl <l 2hc h) 4s )cn *u shl ul <n ccl+lhl +*<0% undc 0undhns h ch% lh *<ndul cs% /h 2s )us+ <n *c )h*hn c.c 4s us h +% ch 4s cu0 nscs n"h* cCss h. P*cssunch ds/snulus /h hc3sbnh hsu)*h unus 0h c*shl *ccc) s/ bc0hs )cn *u c+ dc/cnssc *c2*hc h* lh h0+gs*slc lu0ss? >dc.h0+gs ul"% <nh*0h cu /s* u ch dsscc*nc*ss% c ccl 0hs )*cg+ s s)*c h )h*cu*gc 4s ul s0ul d*u0% )*sn )bh* h <ngus + h 0b*3ss. Hcblb c 0b0cn ul c<nd sn *+ <n Dbc cCcluss/ 0sDlbhcclc ds/snc% shc*h0cn ul cuhh*ss sc <n )*s0ul *<nd. Du0nc.cu <nsu4s% )*sn Ksul s+u% ch s+ b)c*c.c <n c<0)ul u0hnulus% h hccc) h ls)sh 0sDlbhcclb* ds/snc 4s lc"h 2blbss )c cclc u0hnc% hsu0<ndu"4s dsn subs*c *u)ul )sc*s b*% su2c*sn3h 4s 0bh* ch )c c*ucc: b0ul hccc) + snc*cdsbslul hbsblu % *c<nnbs*ch shc*s2scsulus ncs<ngc*bs hl c+*us sns *u0cn dc/snc cl <nsu4s% cu <n *chgh"s 2s.sblbgsc sub sl+ 4s b*u hl+ b bdh +% dc/b*<nd s)bs h.h *cc+ bh*c <0b*+ch + dc Ssus <n *"b hc3sunc dc Dc* 2+ sn2sns *c)c hbsl+% dh* nu ss0bblsc% >ch 4s
cu0"% cs *chl 4s hdc/+*h % <n *"b ss0)ls h c h snsn clsgsbslcs 0hns2cs +*s dc d*hgbs c cbs0sc+% Ssus C*ss bs 2ssnd shc*s2sch b* 4s /sc s0+ dcb)b *s/+. Tcb"2hgsh cuhh*ss sc+% 0b s/ul db0snhn hl Cu"sncct!rulus, )*csu)unc b c)us.h*c h u0hnulus 4s 2s.sblbgsculus ch /chsculc hlc ds/snulus% dsh2hns".h*ch 0h c*scs 4s h 2unc3scs b*u c% )<n+ 4s <n c)ssbhdclc lb* g*b c4 s cc <nsb3csc b*scc )*bccs dc 0hnduch3sc? 0u4ch*ch h*hncs% 0cs cch ul% dcglu" s3sh% c*uc h3sh sh ss2+cu +% cu*+3h*ch dhn u*ss dc *cs u*s. Hsc0cnch dc hlss 2s.sblbgscc <l )b 4bch )c cs s b*ul nc)*c/cns % dh* clc <4s hu lbcul lb* <n ccbnb0sh *hnssubs hn3sc*ss% )*sn ch*c ns/clul clc0cn h* sb*dsd *cbusc s+ 2sc *+scu0)+*h <n *chls h ch lus 4s )*cschs0bh <n subs hn3+ ds/sn+ s0)hl)hbsl+. P*bccsul hccs h dc cb0u h*c b hl+ dc lh u0hn lh ds/sn 4s
27
sn/c*s c 4s 0hs lcsnc sn cg*hbsl <n s)h3sul cs c sc hss)hnsc% undc% h < <n ls c*h u*+% c< 4s <n )lhs sc+% cCss + b *hds3sc h hs)c**chlss0ulus ch ns/cl dc dccblh*c <n cC)c*scn3h s)s*s uhl+. Sn ul s0+ hnhls.+% <n *chgh dsscu3sc dcs)*c dc0c*sul 0undhn0c h2s.sc hl lus G*hcs1n% dbh* schs3h + <n *<n"du*slc dc 2h3+% s"h* )u ch clh*s2sch )*sn *ccu*gc*ch% nu0hs h)h*cn *sschn +% lh cbncc) ul dc kcn!0 ;g*. kcn!sss, >dc4c* h*c"% >gbls*c"E% luh <n *"b dubl+ hccc)3sc? nu nu0hs Ksul lus Du0nc.cu% dsn hscul h*c 2h3+ dc Du0nc.cu"Th +l% hccc) +% <n <n *u)h*ch sh% s h*ch dc >gbls*c" dc h *sbu clc hbsblu ulus ds/sn% <n *u hsu0h*ch b hl+ h cbnds3scs u0hnc% ><nb0c"nsndu"sc"% cs 4s b0ul% <n hsccnssunch sh c+ *c ds/sns h c% *cbusc s+ sc su)un+ b unus )*bccs 2cnb sc cbns <nd <n >gbls*ch" cb0)lc + dc u0hn 4s dc cbnds3sbn+*slc u0hnulus% ><ndu0nc.csndu" sc" )*sn u0sls*c% s)*c h 2s /*cdnsc s+ )*s0chsc+ hscs% <n lu0c% h*hnh cuhh*ss sc+ *c.ul h + dsn 2cnb.h c*ss sc+. <0)*cDu*h*ch c+ 0ss c*ul cuhh*ss sc <4s h*c lh u*h sh >2s.sblbgsc+"% <n3clchs+ 2sc ch )unc dc )lcch*c )cn *u hsccnssunch b0ulus c+ *c Du0nc.cu% 2sc ch )unc dc >sbss*c" h lus Ssus <n *u)h <n cbbb*<*ch lus subs bh*c c+ *c b0% nc"b h*h + <nsu4s G*hcs1n <n csudh h 0cds h3sc 6B ;>Ch s+"& )*s0c4 s )c P*uncul Ssus% su*ghsuns <n Cgs) ul sns0ss hlc"E% undc hlc"gb*c.h sc <n c0csh.+ )c b *chls h c cul sc+ s *+/cchc 4s dsn b dchunh sdcn s2schbsl+ <n nu0c*bhsc *clsgss shu h s udsns *clsgsbhsc u0hnc% 4s hnu0c shc*s2sch*ch *s uhl+ h ds/sns +3ss shu nu0hs h s0hgsnss shlc% u*0h + dc sngc*h*ch cs shu h *cs u*slb* cs. Dcs)*c >cgs) cnss" )+g<ns ch*c nu s"hu hcb*dh bs)c3sc P*unculus ds/sn 4s 2h0slscs shlc% G*hcs1n cbns h + 0s*h 4s sn *sgh c+ >dhc+ b <s 0<nchu )c .css hdb*h3s dc cs shu dhc+ hdb*hu d*c) .cs +3s luc*u*slc )c ch*c lc 0<nchu% h* 2s )u u )*ch bsnc hdb*h d*c) Du0nc.cu )c un Db0n cc h/ch s+ sc b2c*c ch h*hn+". Bbsc*/h3sh lus% sn us s/+ 0hs dcg*hb+% ns sc )h*c cC *c0 dc s0)b* hn +% db/cdsnd <nc+ b dh + cCcclcn ul sns snc cul u*hl hl lus G*hcs1n? ch b)c*ch.+ b dcschsdc*c c+ *c b *chls h c slus *hbsl+ )*sn ncnu0+*h c cCc0)lc% hdcscb*s 2bh* c h)*b)sh c dc sccnh*sul ls u*gsc c*c4 sn% ch dc )sld+ *s ul h. cc TcbFuhlb% dcsc*ss dc 2*h! Bc0h*dsnb dc Shhhgun <n )hgsns *+0hsc sncds c )<n+ lh 2snclc sccblulus *ccu % 4s dccs snhcccssbslc lus G*hcs1n% b*s hl c *s u*s 0s *hscc shu gnbs scc7(. C /b*bh% <n cscn3+% dc b cC)c*scn3+ h 0b*3ss 4s h <n/sc*ss )*sn *"un hc shc*s2scshl dc bbsccs lsbc* hccc) h hl ds/sns +3ss% ch*c <ng+dusc /s/s2sch*ch unb* subs hn3c sn2c*sbh*c% >0bh* c" <n ssnc% dh* s)s"*s uhls.hbslc )*sn *hnssubs hn3sc*ch cc )*csu)unc% <n ch.ul c*c4 snslb*%
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s 0s c db*csc ssngulh*. <0s )*b)un s+ 2b*0c.% cu b ch* c )s sc+% un b+*bh u*sh4 4s% cu )c*sbhdc scu* c% 2h) c nc0u*s bh*c: s+ scb un b+*bh 0hCs0% hdsc+ 0s*hcbl dc )c*2cc3sunc% 4s% dhc+ nu )*sn nh u*+% )*sn <n.cs *+*slc shlc *cgc% c+cs c un h/hn hD. L"hu 2b*0h ? )*udcn % Scncch: shghcc% Csb): *+.bbsnsc% Hb0c*: H*ss b cl. 2slb.b2? Thcs % )bls scshn% sh* cu* chn% cbn clcB". Cu% cb)ssnd unclc hh*u*s dc lh 0hgss *s h < dc 0h*s% <ncc*c s+"& schs3c. c*bu 4s uns/c*shl )*bdsgsu. Dc"hccch 2+u*s "h0 hcchs + bglsnd+ 0hnuhl+5 dsn clc4 h*clc hl b*h 4s h*clc 0clc. Uncb*s c /h 0+guls% 4s c /h s2+ us uncb*s: <n *"<nsh /cs /cdch ccch cc 2sc dc )c"hcu0 c4 s% 2sc h* *cbus s+ 2ss. #cs h/ch hscs b *h3sunc% nu )bls sc+% nscs chsh* ccbnb0sc+% cs dc S h h h <nsu3s% b busbl+ ch*c s+ cbnduc+ lh cCcclh*c% b h* + dc h 2s slus *u cu )u3snc *cguls dc dsscc*nc*c. Sc*su cbncss% dh b*s + 0ul cs hlc )*scc)c*s: scu* % dh b*s + )u3sncs 0clc g<nds*s. Nu /*chu s+ c b)*csc s+ *ccs 0hs dc)h* c. Lus D!n 8uhn Bhutssth Brcscsh, P*b0b b* h)bs blsc 4s dbc b* <n h0bclc d*c) u*s Cr!ul, 0hs 0sc chsh* dcc< un cb)sl% 2hcc )*s0ss )h4s c+ *c b*h3clc db0nscs /bhs *c% )c ch*c lc cbnssdc* dcschssc )cn *u h"&
A7
c!ntclc6 Sc *c2c*+ lh cbn clc Bhldhssh*c Chs sglsbnc ;&(58"&B7'E% hu b*ul cclcb*cs c+*3s n ls!r! dcl C!rtc#shn! ;&B78E% )b* *c hl b0ulus sdchl hl Rcnh4 c*ss. 5 !#lsnd "hnuhl6 <n b*sgsnhl% cspc7! "hnuhlB ch 4s <n s lul culcgc*ss dc h2b*ss0c% >0hnuhl"% ch hdD.% h*c scnsul dc >)b* hbsl"% >dc bu.unh*".
DCDSCHSC DSN MHNUSCRSSUL HUTBGRHK 37
)*s0s: dhc+ c )*sn dcs snh3sh 0ch% <0s 0+* u*ssc4 c cu cn u.shs0 bblsgh3sh 4s dh b*sh: dhc+ c )*sn <nclsnh3sh sh% dc./+lusc nh u*h bun+ )c ch*c s"h <0)+* +4s "b hu b*ul s+u: c+cs% dc4s <0)bdbbs cu h < ch gsu/hsc*schlc dc )bls c3c 4s )*udcn3+% b nu"s sun+ bsnc. )<n+ cc nu /h )*s0s dc lh db0nsh /bhs *+% cu ul s0h 0<n+% dcs+/<*4s*ch. Ch c*bu% sblscs + <n )h *bnhDul du0nch/bhs *+ )c ccl slus *u hl B*cscsslb*: ch uccnsc <n <n3clc)csunc% )*c sndc s+ 2sc sns *us dc 0hcs *ul cs: 4s% ch s+ shs+ )c*2cc <n bh + dsscs)lsnh 4s 4 ssn3h% sc hb +*+4 c s+ sug+ lh )sc) ul <n/+3+ u*slb* )c ch*c lc )*cd+ db0nsh /bhs *+. H < h 0h u*s h c /+dc4 c <n sn cn3sh dc h 2s 0h*c% <nc< Cr!ul cs c )scs+ *cghl+% d*c) ch*c <4s hssgu*+ )c l<ng+ db0nsh /bhs *+ h2cc3sunch 4s Dus s2sch*ch b2*hndcs 0clc. Pcdr! dc Hucshdh%
Hcchs + dcdsch3sc lc <nlbcusc4 c )c cclclhl c dbu+ )*cccdcn c% c+ *c Ksls) hl K#"lch 4s Lhs hnbsh. H < dcs snh h*ul% c< 4s hu b*ul dcdsch3scs% Juhn Bhu ss h B*cscsh 4s% *cs)cc s/% Pcd*b Gucshdh% cb*cs)und unb* 2sgu*s cclc.shs scc dsn c)bc+% dh* c*cdc0% ch 4s hl3s cb0cn h b*s% c+ )*c.cn3h lb* c s *sc cbn/cn3sbnhl+% cC ul )u* <nd )ccc ch s slss sc+ h lus G*hcs1n.
HHRUL S Cr!ul s prhctscc nccuprsndcrs hlc chphcstss%
JPsc hcchs h )*s0h dsb+csc <n h* h )*scc)u3slb*? s+ 0+sbh*c ss uh3sh du)+ h* h lb* dc h sc hscundc. Mh*c s *h hgc0+ c s+ c h*+3s cunbh4 c*ss% nu <ns+ )+ *undc*ss% s+ h*+nc4 s h4 c) h*ch% dh* s+ n"b dc.h0+gc4 s nscsbdh + dc b : 0ul ul 2+g+dushsc+ 4s 0hs 0ul % sh* cch 0hs bun+ hc3sunc lhsc 0c*cu s)c*hn3c <n hl clc 0hs 0h*s. B+*bh ul cul sn c*.sc+ u u*b*h s+"s sbndc.c hd<ncs0ch ch)hcs +3ss% dhc+ /*ch ch b3s s+"& /cnc*c.c. Kb*0sdhbsl h 2bs un 2lu/su )<n+ cc s s"h g+ss /hdul% 4s /cnc*h un b+*bh )<n+ cc s"h 2bs cunbscu + ls0s h ch)hcs +3ss% )cn *u c+ b )*b2un.s0c sgnb*h + 4s b+nus + h <n *c3snu b dchunh% cu c0c*ch% 4s *c)u h3sh. H 2bs b cul + )*b)*sc h c s+ nu0c4 s dcscb)c*s*ch db0snh*c% /sc b*sh schs0b<ndu"4s su c su)u4ss? dhc+ csnc )+ *undc s +)<nc4 c% csnc sc hscundc nu ccdch.+ nscsbdh +. <n *chc+"sc dsb+csh )*c/cns ulus% <n h sc 0bdc*h% cu cu*sb.s h ch h cn ulus dc h"& cunbh4 c% c+cs ch bbs4nusc4 c h 2s dubl+ lh <ncc)u ul uncs <ncc*c+*s. Nscsbdh + h*unc+ b*ul dsbhcs dc suls3+ n"h ss)*+/s lh cch dsn <s h./<*ls*c: sc sh lh <n *ccc*c cu unul <n /cdc*ch hl ush% 4s lc"b sh 0c*cu <nhsn c. S<n h/hn hDclc 2ssn3cs sn2sns c dc h 0s.h 0ul cu *cs dc sn2sns h c. Hcchs + )*s0+ *cgul+ h 0+*c3scs <n4 ssn3ch.+ dhc+ nu s+ 2s0% s+ )+*c0 sn2sns3s% c+cs nu c sub sls h c dc *<nd. Hs 2cl <n3clcg<hd% ns0cns nu /h )*ccu)c3s h)lhu.c c*udulus )h*hdbC hl <n3clc) ulus dsn Ms slcnc? >Mhs 0ul c Du0+ h ch dcc< <n *cgul" '%
8
nccuprsndcrs hlc chphcstss6 Ck.Dssc. 7(: Br., 6% '(% &A9% &59% 755% 787.
...*ntrc#ul6 C /b*bh dc Ps hcbs dsn Ms slcnc% /c.s Dsbgcncs Lhc* sbs% Dcsprc scplc 4s d!ctrsnclc ksl!0!ksl!r, *hd. dsn ls0bh g*chc+ dc CS. Bhl0u4% s udsu sn *bduc s/ 4s cb0cn h*ss dc H*h0 M. K*hn2shn% Cds u*h Hchdc0scs% Bucu*c4 s% &'A6% S% S#% 5("8&. Ph*hdbCul <s h)h*3snc <ns+ lus Hcssbd% Muncs ss 0slc, /. 6'? >K+*+ s+ 4 sc cu c< c 0hs 0ul Du0+ h ch ch"n *cgul" ;T*hd. dc c2hn Bc.dcchs% Cds u*h ssn3s2sc+% Bucu*c4 s% &'B5% ). (AE. G*hcs1n *csh scn sn3h <n Br., &59. Scnsul )hshDclb* sc clh*s2sc+ <n Dssc, @#SSS.
40 CRBUL
)cn *u c+ b Du0+ h c <n glb*sc 4s hl h <n ghD <nsch0n+ 0hs 0ul dcc< un <n *cg dcclh*h . <0b+ *<ns <n hcchs h ch 4s"n bh c cclclhl c dsb+css h 2bs hccl 0h*c *cgc &9% <n <sul hl Lu0ss Nbs% ul s0ul hl H*hgbnulus% dhc+ nu ccl n!nplus ultrh dsn c*bscss s+s *cgs. Hccs ch blsc 0bnh*h 4s"s <n *c3snch% 0c*cu h cn3s% )c b3s cbn*cgss% 0hs 0ul cu <n.cs *+*slc cugc ulus s+u dcc< cu nbslc cb*bhnc )c ch*c 4s lc )unch. Dh* hccs ccn *u hl *h.clb* )*udcn3cs% 0+*c3 *cs hu*h b* hl 0bnh*hscs gb c% h luh ccl 0hs 0ul bchss c*bsccs shlc cbnsbh* c&&% h)bs *s4b*slb* )hlh ulus% sub sls <n ghscs*ch c+*3slb* nbulus *cgc% *cDs <n sbndh*ch hd<ncs0ss lus% h cn3s s+"s 0+sbh*c /hlbh*ch. C< dc 4 su b* <s <ng+dush 4s"s b)*ch <ns+ Kc*nhndb% c< dc )*c/+.+ b* <s 0ul3u0ch 4s"s *c2u.hQ s. )<n+ lh u*0+% s"h c<4 sgh . B% b+*bh chndsdh hl 2hs0csQ Tu ch*c hs)s*s lh 0+*c3sc% hlc*" ch.+"3s hh*ul.Pb3s s+ c cunbhsc+% ns0cns s+ nu c cu)*snd+% c+cs% cu s *h hgc0h hcchs h% )u3snul /h )+*ch 0ul % 0ul ul sn2sns % sh* sn2sns ul 4s 0hs 0ulG .
HHRUL HL SS"LCH 41
HHRUL HL SS"LCH *ncskrhrch rcrss

J *b2hn+ h* *+0<nc h* h dhc+% s0)un<nd *c3snc*c ls0s clb* ch)hcs +3ss% n"h* )*c sndc 4s )b*ns*slb* h2cc ulus dsss0ulh*c. H < dc hu b*s.h + c hcchs + )h* c h sub sls +3ss% <nc< )c ch 4s"hu du*h Tsbc*su 4s Ludb/sc &7 b cds2scsul 4s )bls sch lb*. Dhc+ b*scc cCccs dc scc*c c 4s dc ch)hcs h c% hsc*h s.h*ch uncs /bsn3c /h <nsc0nh su/c*hns h c. Bc c4ugu*slc /bsn3cs s<n lc4snu*s hlc *c)u h3scs 4s% dhc+ sc 4s 0hns2cs +% <ndcbb4 c 0bh*c.
&9 &&
hccl "hrc rc#c6 Kc*nhndb Ch blscul. cr!sccs shlc c!ns!hrtc6 Sshbcl Ch blsch. s3Lud! sc6 C /b*bh dc Ludb/sc hl @l"lch hl K*hn3cs% lh ch*c% ch 4s lh Tsbc*su% G*hcs1n 2hcc dcsc hlu.ss <n P!lB Dssc, 6: Hsc., 76: Crst., SS% ( c c. P*c3us*ch% *c sccn + uncb*s% s"h 2bs hls0cn h + dc Phsls))c dc Cb00sncs% cs s <n /c*ssunch s)hnsbl+ cb0cn h + h lus Juhn dc #s *s1n% Hn/c*s% &A(6.
Ccl dsn <s c2b* *cu4c4 c s+ lc /sblc.c% ccl dc"hl dbslch% s+ lc dsss0ulc.c. Hcclh 3snc 0hs 0ul dc cu*hD% hccs h dc 4s*c cnsc. Csnc ls sc su)unc cbbbh*+ dc lh b0 lh dbbs bc% csnc lc 0hschch.+ <4s )+s *ch.+% ccl )u3sn <n h)h*cn3c% *c)u h3sh. P+ *undc*ch <n b*sch*c /bsn3+ h hl ush db/cdc4 c c0sncn3+ h ch)hcs +3ss 4s c db/hd+ dc su)c*sb*s h c h 4 s s+ 3s" b +snusc4 s )c"h h. C b unh s+"s dcscb)c*s unus b+*bh h2cc ul 4s s+ dcschs.s b )b* s3+ s)*c 2b* +*ch3h ch)hcs +3ss shlc% c+cs )c hcblb uncl csc )bls scc4 c h cn3ss% 4s ccl 0hs hdcsch hshl ch.+ cu *su02. B dh + 4 su c h2cc clc% s<n 4 su c sn *+*slc 4s sc4s*slc uncs /bsn3c% cu s +)<ns*c hsu)*h cs <n b*scc cls)+. Ncb0cnchsch )+g<ns0c s"h /ssh .cs )c 0ul3s cu nscs Du0+ h c dsn ss)*+/slc lus HlcChnd*u% )c c<nd 0hccdbnchnulus <ncununh cu lhu* s"h +g+dus ch cgb*sss*ch <n glbh h .cs +3slb*. Pc ccl cc"h bcu)h 0ul + lu0c &"h slus *h )u3sn cc*: dc cc <ns+ h < h h/h*s3sc lh h < h *sss)+O HlcChnd*u&6 4s"h <n uncch s)lcndbh*ch /s cDsslb* cu /ulgh*s h ch s.bucns*slb* dc 2u*sc 4s s"h dc.0sn3s )c ssnc% dc h < ch b*s *su02+ b*% su)un<ndu"sc snsblcn3cs h2cc ulus. Dc )u3sn 2blbs s"h 2bs cucc*s*ch uncs lu0s% dhc+ h )sc*du )h *s0bnsul unus su/c*hn% 4s hnu0c *c)u h3sh. Cs c Ch*sbd+ h cCccl+*ss cCccsul dc s*hscsbsls h c 4s Scsl+ h *c)u h3scs nc0bdc*h*ch )b2 clb*. B+*bh ul cCcclcn chu c% h4hdh*% 0hs <n <s s+"4s sslnscchsc+ )hssunslc shu 0+ch* s+ 4s lc 0hschc.c cu h < h dsb+csc% <nc< nscs b cbn *h/sclcnsc s+ nu s.bu chsc+ h"s dcscs2*h /bsn3h. Hh*ul hccs h c <n4 ssn3ch.+ s+ 2ss )*scc)u 2+*+ ch u s+ 2ss 4s sh"b <nhsn c ch s+ hcb)c*s b*scc dc2cc % dc.0sn3snd 2bs4bh*clc ncglsDcn3clb* 4s b*bsndu"s )c lsnc4ss <n unccs0ss hl b*h. Hcch ch blsc+ h0h.bhn+&(% du)+ ch*c S)hnsh n"h 0hs h/u dc cc s+ lc )s.0ushsc+ )c Zcnbbss% Tb0s*ssc% Sc0s*h0sdc 4s Pcn" csslcc&B% h )u u 2s b*hcbl hl hccs b* sub sls +3s. Sc <nchsdch% ch
&6
Hlc-hndru6 C2. Scncch% Scrss!rs ctrc Lucslsu, *hducc*c 4s nb c dc Ghcb*ghc Gu3u% Cds u*h ssn3s2sc+. &'A5% Sc*ssbh*ch h C@SSS"h% ).((&: >Bs*us b*ul h < b* *cgs 4s )b)bh*c c*h *+)us dc 0<nsc 4s du*c*c." &( cht!lsc h"h0!hn6 *cgsnh Sshbcl Ch blsch. #c.s B. Zh0b*h% >sGuc dscc cl P. G*hcs1n dc lh *csnh SshbclO" <n B!lctsn dc lh Snststucs!n c"n G!n0lc0", 69% Bu*gbs% &'B&% )). 57B"56'. &B <cn!!sh6 Sc) s0sh Zcnbbsh% *cgsn+ h Phl0s*cs% <n/sns+ dc Hu*clshnus lh 756% /c.s Sst!rsh Hu#ust, >Ccs *css)*c.ccc dc s*hns"% >Ds/us Hu*clshnus"% dc Klh/sus 42
CRB!#
s+ nhsc+% <n sh hcul ccl 0hs <n unccbs 4s% hscun.<nd cu/ssn3h 2s*chsc+% 0hscs h ch <nn+scu + )unch )ccc c )c sus)snu*s <n )sc) u"s *cgcsc% 2+*+ s+"s 2sc hu.s un /hs% 4s /+l dc bc.nc )c cC)*cssslc 2c3cs. Dh* csnc c*h h4h dc 0c sculbhs+ <n cusu*u*slc h < dc scu.hbslc hlc *c3snc*ss% cc sc*u)ulc <4s /h 2s 2+cu <n cclc hlc *c)u h3scsQ Ch*dsnhlul Mhd*ucsb&A nu cbn2c*ch s lul dc )*bs cclus cc h/b* ch.+ b )*bs sc% cs hcclush ch*c% cb0ss+% nu 4 sc s"b <n+bu4c. Hh*ul c hcccssbsl unus b+*bh +cu : <nclsnh3sc nbbsl+% h0clsb*h + dc h* +: <n.cs *h*c dc ds/sns h c% dhc+ nu )*sn nh u*+% )*sn hsc0+nh*c.
HHRUL HL SSS"LCH Cch "hs "hrc *n0cstrhrc h unus cr!u

@cn *u un 0h*c <n *cg s<n dc db*s )+*3s 0h*s% sh* )cn *u hlc+ us*ch unus c*bu% 0h*s <n.cs *+*s. P*s0ul lbc )hssbnh3ss <l cbn2c*+ sn clcc ulus% ch b*sgsnc h b*sc+*cs 0+*c3ss% 4s h4h cu0 nu hd0s un 0h*c b+*bh 2+*+ cCccsc dc sn clcc % b h4h nu cunbsc un b+*bh cCccss/ dc sn clsgcn 2+*+ 0+*c3sc. Tb cc"s 0hs bun )*sn *c cclc /+.u c c b0ul% 4s"n cl sn clcc ul? h)bs /sc b*sslc hccs ush% cclc 0hs 0h*s. Hcchs + <n.cs *h*c ch)s hl+ sc )b *s/c4 c hl b*h dbu+? hd<ncs0ch Dudcc+3ss 4s <n+l3s0ch sngcnsb.s +3ss% ch*c hlc+ uscsc% dhc+ sc <0bsn+% un )*bdsgsu. Kslb.b2sh h sc0nhlh cu <0bcl4ugh*c dbu+ 2hcul +3s% 0c0b*sh 4s <n3clcgc*ch: <ng1dushsc+"s"sc 0hs <nd*c) +3s )bls scss s+
#b)sscus S!*hcussus% 7A=69% *hd. dc #lhds0s* Slscscu 4s Dh/sd Pb)cscu% Cds u*h ssn3s2sc+% &'5&% )). (B'"(A7.= Sc"srh"sdh6 Rcgsn+ lcgcndh*+ h Hss*scs 4s Bhbs"lbnulus. = T!"srss6 Tb0!*ss% *cgsnh 0hsshgc3slb*% &"h <n/sns )c C!*us ccl Mh*c% ucss <n lu) h cu bs slc cs% /c.s Hc*bdb % Sst!rss, S% 79B% 7&7%7&(. = Pcntcsslcch6 <n 0s blbgsc% *cgsn+ h h0h.bhnclb*% ch*c% du)+ 0bh* ch lus Hcc b*% h /cns <n hDu b*ul T*bscs% <n/sns+ 4s ucss+ dc Hhslc. &A Mhdrucs!6 Sdcch c *cluh + <n Br., &7A. C /b*bh dc ch*dsnhlul C*ss b2b*b Mhd*u..b% gu/c*nh b* hl Mslhnulus% nu0s dc Ch*bl Gusn ul% ch*c sc *c2c*ch <ns+ nu lh )*b4 s% cs lh ncbuns ;)h.hE% du)+ cu0 *clh ch.+ G. Bb c*b% Dctts "c"!rh!sls ds pcrs!nh##s Mustrs.
HHR!# H# SSS-#CH
43
sn *bduc+ <0)+*3s*ch dsn *c Dudcch + 4s sngcnsb.s h c% dsn *c bunul"ss03 4s hscu3s0c &5. Dbh* hcchs + dss snc3sc h sn clsgcn3clb* <ng+dusc hdc/+*ul sc*u)ulbs% cbndh0n<nd h < h 0ul s)lsch*c h sngcnsb.s +3slb* )*sn cbn2u.sh dsn *c 0sn c 4s /bsn3+. Judcch h c *bn hl )*udcn3cs: sngcnsb.s h ch c s2c*h hscu3s0ss. C0sncn3h 4s 0sDlbcsh c+*csh dsn *c clc h* *cbus )*c2c*h + c un )*bccs lh *sbunhlul gus ulus. M+ b)*csc lh cch ch*c 0cnch hs 2cl? >Ksulc% dcsc"3s Du0nc.cu <n3clcgc*ch bsnclus."&8 <nd*+.nchlh% )*b0) s udsnch% sub sls h ch sngcnsb.s +3ss s<n sbh*c hl hccs cs lu0s <n cs2*u% dhc+ nu *h.+% lsc+* dc du0nc.cs*c. B*scc c*bu h <0)+* +4s un cCccs dc sngcnsb.s h c. S)usclc lus HlcChnd*u s<n s)lcndb*s hlc 2h) clb* lus. Cc.h* h 2bs lh 2cl dc )*b0) <n g<nds*c ch 4s"n 2+) us*c &' . H)*ccssnd <ns+ c*bss hdc/+*h3s79% <n Hugus sn sc cbn2und+ hugus s0ch cu hscu3s0ch% sh* <n lhu*ul d+*us dc Hucsch )cn *u <ncununh*ch Rb0cs s"hu <n *ccu s h b*nscsh 4s hscu3s0ch 79. Pc"h < dc 2hs c s<n )*b0) s udsnslc 0sn3ss% )c c< dc 2uncs c cclc hlc /bsn3cs. S<n h*s)s )cn *u 0+*c3sc% cu clc 0ul3s s"hu *sdsch dsn ccn *ul )ulbc*ss <n ccl hl sbh*clus% <n s *+lucs*s. Mh*clc u*c ch hdscss bdh + s+ dch 2h3+ 0hs dcg*hb+ cu /ulgul uncs g*+dsns dcc< cu ccl hl uncs )sc3c% c0ns3+ h 0hscs +3ss 4s bu uc hl cu/ssn3cs. <ncc)u s+ cs chsc+ b h<* sc )c ch*c /<n ul% 2sc dsn glu0+% 2sc <n *u dc.h0+gs*ch cclcs 0hs 0h*s hu b*s +3s% s"b .bu*+ dc sub )*s/s*s <n )ls/s*s 7&. H uncs )hDss% c0uls hs lus 4s"hs lb* <n4s4s% .bu*h*+ )c sch*+"n Dbs cu h*s)s dc lsngu4s*c. Unul dsn cs% Ghns"0cdc hl )*b)*scs sngcnsb.s +3s% 4 su s+ g+schsc+ scu* + u*+ )*sn /+.duh? sc"h*unc+ dc )c bhlcbn. Zbu*+% b lu+% 4s% )c c<nd ccslhl3s
&5
hscus"c6 P*s0h *c2c*s*c h lus G*hcs1n lh unul dsn cbncc) clc shlc 2undh0cn hlc% h#udc0h, <n *"b )c*s)cc s/+ nu <nc+ cs c sc+% cs% dcbch0dh +% lbgsc+ 4s )sshblbgsc+. Dcs)*c !un3ss" $Ssnd#rcsss), /c.s Br., 'A. &8 Bh llb*s 4s Pc*hl h ;BP"BC S% ). 7(5E sc <n *chb+ dhc+ hscs nu h)h*c cu0/h )*s0h 4s unsch hlu.sc h lus G*hcs1n lh 0h0h sh. &' Nu0c*bhsc cCc0)lc dcs)*c )*b0) s udsnch lus Cc.h* <n Hsc, &%&5% 7B% 6& c c. 79 cr!ss hdc rhp6 >C*bs hdc/+*h3s" s<n % <n cbncc)3sh lus G*hcs1n% s2sn3ss% <n *uc< 3sn h s *+dhnscs lb* c su)c*sbh*+ cclcs h c*bslb* lhscs. Dcs)*c S2. Hugus sn% /c.s Hsc, &% (% B c c. >Lhu*ul d+*us dc Hucsch" c S2: Lhu*cn3su% 4s cl dcscb*s sn/bch dc G*hcs1n% /c.s Hsc, B% &&% &A% 6&%B7 c c. 7& prs srs... pls srs6 Cchs/hl+0 hs 2cl Dbcul dc cu/sn c dsn b*sgsnhl? >sc lc /blA cl /scn b dc lbs bDbs h lhs ;hEbDhs".
44 CRBUL
cbbb*hu% cl u*ch% 4s"hs 2cl u*c+ lh )*b)*su 4s chsh* sc *sdsc+% dcbh*ccc su/c*hnul% /+ds 0+guls % <l <n+l3+ <n 2h/bh*ch sh? c+cs hscu3s0ch% dhc+ nu db0nc4 c% 0c*s + s+ cb"db0nchsc+. Cs c% <n b*scc )b* % Dbchc*ul77 <n.cs *+*slb*% 0h*c c*hsnsc hl *c)u h3scs? *clsc2 cu"h < 0hs 0h*c% cu c< 0hs subls0+ c0clsh 76. S<n hscu3s0s <ncb*bnh c s)usclc bbs4nus c hlc unus *cgc. Psc*s "hu 0h*s c.hu*c hlc 0bnh*hslb*% dh* lc s<n )+s *h c scn sn3clc <n /ss c*sslc 2hs0cs. Mul b* lu) + b*s lc"h 2bs dc 0hs 0h*c hDu b* b hscu3s0c dcc< b 2sc*ul cschd*bhnclb* lb* <nh*0h c% )*c0su hl uncs hscu3s0s 2ssnd b /sc b*sc. H 2bs <ncc*ch*c% h 2bs )*bclh0h*c h cclus 0hs 0h*c c*cds % lh *cgclc <n3clc)3slb* 4s lh ccl 0hs <n3clc) dsn *c
*cgs7(% )*b0) s udsnch scn cn3sbhs+ <n hcch cul0c h )*bccsclb*% c+cs hs h h <nsc0nh dss)u h*ch 2sslb* lh Dudcch +? 4s Dus s3sh c hc*cds h + dc sngcnsb.s h c. s chsh* <n *sbunhlc bh*bh*c sc 0hns2cs + ccl cc c sbh*clc cs. P*b0) s udsnch hcclus 0h*c u*c *s/hls.ch.+ cu hccch h lus Sblb0bn. Un c/*cu )*c sndch s+ hsc b uncsc dc ch*nc dsn *"un c*c4 sn% )cdch)s+ 4s ch0+ +: s +*ush <n *"hcchs h cu cghl+ <nc+)+3<nh*c 2h3+ dc su/c*hnul s+u 4s )c*2sdsc 2h3+ dc Du0nc.cul K s+u. Pb*uncs 0h*clc Dudcc+ b* s+ 2sc hdusc g*cu h c 4s cu3s ? <l h0cnsn3+ cu dcsc+)+3<nh*ch dhc+ +sh 0hs 0ul shu 0hs )u3sn. H *c c.h hs 2cl cu hscu3s0c dss)u h 4s"h dh lu0ss un 0s*hcbl dc sngcnsb.s h c7B. B*hcbl <n cclc 0hs 0h*s dubss c )*b0) s udsnch% s2snC <n cnsg0c% 2s* dc hu* <n lhbs*sn u*s% 4s bbs4nusc4 c s+ hsb+ 2s*ch lculus% ch*c"4s )+s *ch.+ 0hCs0h sslsn3+ )cn *u cch 0hs 0h*c hnhnghsc.
::
7!chcrul6 <n b*sgsnhl% s). "hlsllh, )*cluh <n 2*. sub 2b*0h "hnsslc, ch* c ch*c% <n hnu0s c Dbcu*s% h/ch b /hlbh*c h*bs *h*+% cbn/cnhbsl+ )bscsb*ulus cs. Pcn *u hl c h0+nun c /c.s 0hs Dbs% Dssc., @S. nb h 8'% 4s Br., 8B. :' ... tc"clsh6 C2. Dssc, @S: Br., 8B. :. ccl "hs *nclcpt dsntrc rc#s6 Kb*0ul+ dc ch*hc c*s.h*c s)sc+ )cn *u *cgclc Sblb0bn. 7B un "srhc!l dc sn#cns!0sthtc6 Mb s/ul >ls/*cs" ;lh G*hcs1n% hl >uncscs"E dc ch*nc" c s *+/cchs 4s dc b*sgsnc cu ssgu*hn3+ b*scn hl+. C unul dsn )*sncs)hlclc 0b s/c )*cluc*h c 4s dc K. Shh2cs)ch*c <n Nc#ut!rul dsn Dcncsh, ch*c &"h )*cluh )*bbhbsl dsn *"b culcgc*c dc nu/clc h s hlshnulus Gsb/hnns Ksb*cn snb% &5 Pcc!3r!nc, sc*ss+ )c lh &658 4s )ublsch + <n &BB8. H* u*b dcl Hb!b *s0s c% )cn *u sdcn s2sch*ch su*scs% lh Chhu/sn% Bs!ls!#rhphsc dcs !u rh#cs h*hbcs.#SSS% 7(B% Ph*ss% &'9(% S ntsphs. <n /c*ssunslc *b01nc4 s hlc hccs us cclcb*u *b0hn% Ssndsph, hccs 0b s/ <ns+ nu h)h*c.
HHRUL HL S#"LCH
(B
Dh*% ch 4s ccs hs bunu*slb*% s<n 4s *sss)s b*s hs sngcnsb.s +3ss% chcl us b*s hs hscu3s0ss? )cn *u )*+.s subls0c% 4bs0hns: )cn *u cclc dc *<nd% hc/slc. Mu4c+ b*s 4s sh s*scs? dhc+ ccs c*u.s hu 2bs 2*+0<n h3s cu s<ngc% hcc4 sh cu /cnsn. Lh cs% sub sls h ch% cu b csudh + b)b.s3sc% ch unh u4u*h sc+% dbbbh*+% <ng*b)<ndu"s <n hbssul unus dss)*c3% <n +*<0ul su)+*+*ss. P<n+ hscs% hh <*u*slc 2s*ss: dc hscs% *clsc2u*slc h* cs. Hccch .+0sslc4 c hscu3s0ch% hcchs h b nu *c4 c% c<nd cu sh*ch hl b*h% c<nd cu luh*ch"h0sn c )*c/cns +. <n *"b ch)hcs h c *bdnsc+% s)usclc 4s 2h) clc hl b*h s<n sc0sn3c dc hscu3s0c? 2ccundh + dc clc% sngcnsb.s h ch s)b*c4 c *ccbl + dc )*b0) s udsns 4s bcl4ug dc hscu3s0s. Nu )lcdc. )cn *u Dudcch +% c+cs ch /b*bc4 c )cn *u ssnc dcs ul.
HHRUL HL S#"LCH Sns"h dc rc#c

h)ul 0h*c c hl 2slb.b2slb*% ls0bh 0h*c h b*h b*slb*% )sc) ul h lc3slb*% b*h3clc sbldh3slb*% )scsbh*clc hlc*g+ b*slb*% u0c*ss hh0hlslb*? sns0h 0h*c h *cgslb*: = dsn ds/sns +3slc lus Plh bn 4s cC cu ch*c% <n 2h/bh*ch sns0ss% sn cn ch.+ unss )*bccsc sn clsgcn3cs. Cc 2blbs c+ <n3clcgc*ch b sh <nhsn c% dhc+ sns0h *+0<nc )c lbcO Tbhnh .+0sslc4 c lh 2cl dc lcsnc )c c< <s c dc g*cu sns0ss s+ hduc+ lh lu0sn+. S<n s c*)c <n cch 0hs 0h*c )h* c sub sls +3slc cugc +*ss% 4s <n 2+) us*c )*cgc + dsn chu.h sl+bscsunss. C2cc c 0h*s /sn dsn *"b chu.+ 0h*c% 4s 0s*hcblc dc ss)*+/s dsn *"un )*bdsgsu dc sns0+. S<n u*sh4c bd*hslclc uncs sns0s u*sh4c: )*csu)unc 0c*cu <ncc*c+*s )c 0+su*h sh 4s <nd*+gc4 c subscc c )*s0c. Mh*c h 2bs cch h lus HlcChnd*u% 4s h*hssns0+% dc /*c0c cc <n *"un cbl3 hl cs h <nc+)u cb0bd bh + lu0ch hcchs h% *+0<n<nd lbc )cn *u <nc+ 4hsc7A.
7A
4hsc6 >Nu sc *c2c*+ lh )+*3slc lu0ss% ch*c% )c /*c0ch lus% nu c*hu 4h) c...% cs nu0hs )h *u... H s)us 4hsc ch nu0c*hl ncdc2sns ch*c sublsnsh.+ hbundcn3h unus luc*u? hscs% nu0c*bhsclc lu0s ch*c <nc+)chu <n sns0h lus HlcChnd*u shu ch sugcs sc 0hs 0ul shu 0hs )u3sn cbn4 scn + h cclb* 4h) c lu0s shu )lhnc c 4s 4h) c cc*u*s hlc lb* dsn hs *blbgsh hn sc+." ;M. Rb0c*h"Nh/h**b% Hut!#rhk!, ). ''.E
(A CRBUL
MhCs0+ cch h lus Cc.h*% ch*c nu g+sch chlc dc 0sDlbc <n *c b 4s ns0sc75. Sns0h c s b0hcul sb*3ss% 0ss usndu"s cu hccch4s /s cDsc cC *c0clc. B 0h*c )s)b + nu sc )b scnc4 c <n du0sch3s 0h*s% nu sc s *sc+ lcsnc dc h2cc h*c% nscs nu sc h0+*c4 c dc sng*h s udsnc. Kbh0ch unus u*sh4 c sndsgcs sh unus )s sc. Hccl 0s*hcbl dc cu*hD% /*chu s+ .sc dcl2snul K*hn3cs )c"h uncs 4s Ch*bl hl #H"lch 0hs h)bs% nb s2sc<ndu"s"sc hb +*<*ch s0uls+ <n su)*c0ul H)h*lh0cn P78 dc ccs dbs *cgs = ccl hl K*hn3cs% h +l s+u% 4s ccl hl Hnglcs% hd/c*sh*ul s+u = )*sn ch*c c*h dcclh*h snch)hbsl dc h u*0h lh cb*bhnh c*snslb*% *+s)unsc nc<n/sns c+ 2hcc h)cl. <l <n *cbh*+ us0s3s lh csnc. Sh* cl% lh 0+*c3sh sns0ss 4s lh /<*2ul s)hdcs shlc. s"h c<4 sgh . Nu s *+lucc4 c h < h)*bh)c /c4nscul dsh0hn 0<nd*u <n 0sDlbcul /b*hcslb* ch*bunculs% c< sb*s2sc+ 7' ;dhc+ sc )bh c nu0s h4h b hc3sunc h sbh*clusE b sns0+ hugus + <n *c /sblcn3clc uncs )*s0cDdss. H *+.bs cu nu0hs )h *u dsn *c"hs s+s 0bdc*nul Hhslc% Ch*bl C0hnucl hl Sh/bscs69% )*sn *c )h *u su c dc )lh b4c snh0scc% 4s h 0ul3u0s us0s*ch uns/c*shl+ .sc<nd c+ nu"s b/+*+4sc"n ccl 0hs 0h*c s0)hs ch hccch h uncs sns0s 0h*s. P*ssbsul cs 3snc lbc dc b*scc ls)s+% ch 2ssnd b dchunh )*s0h ch*c sh*c lh g*cu 4s <n/sngc. Rcgclus H*hbscs s"h 2bs <n2+3s4h un hhngc* dc Dh0hsc% 0+guls*c )cn *u *+.bbsnsc. Nbbslss dsn hulsch hsss cn3+ <l l+udh*+% nu dsn )bls c3c% cs cu d*c) h c% 4s% h cn3s lh 2snc3c 4s h* +% s"h* 2s <ncu0c h s+"& Dudccc
d*c) *+snc dc b3cl% dc n"h* 2s )+c+ us bh*ccu0 )*sn scu* s0c. Rcgclc )b*uncs s+ 2sc chc0h )*sn3ul ch s+"4s dch 4s cl )+*c*ch% 4s )u ch% 2ssnd /cs s ul Shcbb Hl0hn.b*6&.
75 78
sn *c t!t 4s ns"sc6 Dc/s.h lus Ccsh*c Bb*gsh c*h >Hu Chcsh* hu nshsl". suprc"ul Gphrlh"cnt56 K+*+ /*cun 0b s/ h)h*cn % G*hcs1n h +sh cu/<n ul >)h*lh0cn "% ch*c 2sgu*h <n 0s. hu bg*h2. Cu0 *chls +3slc )bls scc lh ch*c sc *c2c*+ s<n cclc 2*hncc.c% *cbusc 0cn3sbnh c+% <n /cchch K*hn3+% >)h*lh0cn ul" c*h b sns s u3sc cu h *sbu3ss Dudscsh*c ; *sbunhlE 4s )bls scc: sns hn3h lus su)*c0+ c*h dcnu0s + dc s)hnsbls > cl CbnscDb Rchl cn K*hncsh". 7' s!rsksc6 Sn b*sgsnhl% s!ls0h, /c*b ncblbgss sc c*ch dc G*hcs1n dc lh s!l, sbh*c $s!ls0hr). 69 Chr!l C"hnucl hl Sh !scs6 Ch*lb C00hnuclc S ccl Mh*c% ducc hl Sh/bscs ;&B89"&A69E. #h 2s c/bch % )*sn *c 0h*slc 2sgu*s dc su/c*hns 4s <n P!l. #c.s 4s Crst., &&%8. 6& Shc!! Hl"hn0!r6 Hbu Susu2 Sh2ub hl"Mhnsu* sbn Susu2 S ;&&8("&&''E% su/c*hn dsn dsnhs sh Hl0bhh.slb*% )c ch*c h dus"b lh h)bgcu% s h ul s+u cunbsc<nd 0hCs0h cC cnssunc c*s b*shl+.
HHRUL HL #"LCH
47
#cns% <l cc*cc + 4s .ssc c+ /hlb*ch.+ un b*h4? h)*ccsc*c lh"n+l3s0ch unus )*sn3. Rcgclc s +*us s+ h2lc dhc+ nu"s g+sch /*cb ls)s+. <s *+s)unsc c+ bh c c*hu )*ssbsu*s. >Dh*% )*sn3c% b3s ch/hlc*ss hcc4 sh <l bs<ndcsc c+"s scu* ." Cl% h uncs% duc<ndu"4s 0<nh Sh sh hghn% .ssc? >Pcn *u un ch/hlc* sns0bs nu cCss + h*0+ scu* +% c+cs dhc+ 2hcc cl un )hs <nhsn c% sc lungc4 c 4s ch c< *cbusc% 4s ls)scs dc b3cl <s 3snc lbc sns0h% )*sn cu*hD." 67 <ncununc cu lhu*s hccs 3cl 0+*sns0sh <n b2cnsc% )ccc c hugus + h 0h*slb* sns0s. Hhd*shn66 h h*+ h un 0bd *h*% nu dbh* hd0s*hbsl% dc h *su02h hsu)*h du40hnslb* c<nd s"h s)us cclus 0hs 0h*c dsn *c"hs s+s? >Hs sc+)h ." Nu c lhud+ )c 0+su*h uncs s)usc h lus Ludb/sc hl @H"lch hl K*hn3cs? >Nu *+.bun+ *cgclc b2cnsclc hdusc ducclus dB*lchns."6( Hccs ch s<n 0snuns hlc sns0ss unus c*bu.
HHRUL HL #"LCH Gust hlcs'+

//*scc bun+ ch)hcs h c h 2bs g*cu dc 0ul3u0s . CCss + b cul s/h*c h gus ulus% ch 4s h sngcnsb.s +3ss. H0<ndbs% hlc4s% s<n 2*h3s dsn *"un )<n ccc% 2ss hs ch)hcs +3ss% 0b4 cns b*s cghls <n cCcclh*c. Sngcnsb.s h ch subls0+ n"h c*cscu nscsbdh + gus Dbsnsc. S<n )c*2cc3suns sb*s 4s )c*2cc3suns 2+clss. Hc/slh 2hcc cu* c sbh*clus: /sc*0s4b*ul h*s)h <4s h2l+ )sc*.hnsh <n 2lhc+*h unus b)hs3: 4s uncs ch)hcs +3s% <n+l3s0ch s sc 0+sbh*+ du)+ clc/h3sh gus ulus.
67 66
... curh76 <n Crst., SS% 8% G*hcs1n h *sbusc hcchs + hnccdb + cbn clus dc Kucn cs% cs h 4s sn2*h% Cr.,&. Hhdrshn6 #h 2s Dudcch 0hs sc/c* <n P!l. 6( ducclus dBrlchns6 Hnccdb h c *cluh + <n Dssc., S#% 4s <n Hsc, @@@. #*ch s+ s)un+ c+ *cgclc Ludb/sc hl @ll"lch hl K*hn3cs ;&('8"&B&BE nu sc *+.bun+ )cn *u b2cnsclc cc s sc hduscsc*+ )c c<nd c*h nu0hs ducc dc B*lchns. Du)+ M. Rb0c*h"Nh/h**b $Hut!#rhkh), ). &97E% h2s*0h3sh hcchs h h)h*c <n <s lh Mh* sn du Bcllh! $Lsrc dcs Mc"!srcs, &BA'E% 2ssnd *+s)<nds + h)bs dc Gsb/hnns Bb c*b. Dctts "c"!rh!sls ds pcrs!nh##s sllustrs6 >Lc *bs dc K*hncc nc /cngc )hs Scs snDu*cs du Duc dB*lchns". C. Cb**ch Chldc*bn c*cdc <ns+ c+ G*hcs1n h luh cunb4 sn3+ dc hcchs + hnccdb + dsn Gu0"n dc Hlkhrhchc, &B''%&%&% ch). S#. 6B Gust hlcs6 C2. Br., AB.
(8 CRBUL
Cs c cc/h s+"& hs bun% c 0ul s+"& hs hlcs. Gus u*slc sc shu )*sn cb0unsch*c% 4s c nb*bc s+ dhs dc csnc"& h*c su)c*lh s/. Mul3s sbcb csc d*c) 2c*scs*c ;dh* dc <0)*u0u E s+ c bucu*s dc ccch cc *</nc4 s% bs<ndsndu"s )c ccslhl3s ch nc2c*scs3s: dh* hcc4 sh sc *+.bun+ cu hcclch4s h*0c? d*c) ch*c 0c*s + s+ /c.s Du0+ h c dc lu0c *<.<ndu"4s dc cchlhl +6A% cu 0hs 0ul + shu 0hs )u3sn+ )*bs sc. Un gus c*s sc <nsch0n+ chls h c% un )lhc hnc/bsc dc 0ul3u0s ? cclc 0hs s *h4nscc luc*u*s <s 4 su dc 2*sc+ 4s cclc 0hs ssgu*c dcs+/<*4s*s *c0u*+ lh g<ndul lus. H)*ccsc*ch c ncs)us dc )*c3sbhs+% 4s dh b*sh dsscc*n+ b*slb* c s"b d*+0ushsc+. B*scc )cnu*sc dc 0bncd+ h h)lhu.clb* cs c nbbsl+ 4s% ds0)b *s/+% b*scc s*bss*s dc )*c3us*c 0c*s + )cdch)s+ )*sn dss)*c3. Ms*h*ch c dc bbsccs 2s*0+ h sgnb*hn3cs? nu nh4 c h < dsn dc"s+/<*4s*ch bbscc clb*% c< dsn ncdcs+/<*4s*ch cbncc) clb*. Dcs+/<*"4s*slc dc )*s0+ 0hgns udsnc s<n unscc: 2sc 4s h)*ccsc*ch% dccs% *h*+. Csnc h h/u gus "*cgc h 2bs ccl )*udcn 65 dsn *c Ksls)ss S)hnscs% dc)*sns 0c*cu cu bbscc c 0s*hcblc 4s ch*c nu sc 0ul3u0ch nscsbdh + dcc< cu cc c*h 0snunc <n sc*sh sh. Un ncgus b* )b* ughc. s"h <n2+3s4h b s ch h )+0<n ulus% /*chu s+ .sc un dsh0hn dsn B*scn % cs2*u hl bbg+3scs% 0snunh*c h s)lcndb*ss. s% c<nd dsn )h* ch lus Ksls) b3s h4 c) hu% dhc+ nu us0s*s% bbscc3ss% hu.s*+ dss)*c3u*s% nu )cn *u c+ 0h*clc 0bnh*h h* 2s h2s4h s0)bls c3ch ch 4s g*h/s h ch% cs )cn *u c+ un gus bbs4nus nu0hs cu 0s*hcblc hlc nh u*ss 4s h* cs nu sc sh ss2hcc h < dc /ulgh*. Cc )hs hscs )cn *u b 2hn c.sc nbbsl+Q >Dbh0nc% .ssc% 4h) c.ccs dc 0ss dc duch3s )c ch*c s"h0 hb*c/sh <n hccs dc0n nc)b hl sbh*clus nu s<n dc dss)*c3us ." Ksls) <ncbl3s )unc ul 4s"s s)usc? >Cc"hs g<nds c<nd hs dh h < hO" >Dbh0nc% s+*s )b* ughc.ul ch h h*c% g<ndch0 c+ c un *cgc Ksls) hl SS"lch )c lu0c." Mbhh*hulus <s c+.u cu *bnc 0hs 0ul hscu3s0ch dcc< scu0)c ch 4s" ndh +
7u"thtc dc lu"c r*0*ndu34s dc cchlhlt6 #c.s Br., &9& 4s Crst., SS% &&? >H4h 0c*gch Dbcul 4s *<sul lu0ss <n *cgs% c+cs <n b dchunh Du0+ h c dsn ch *<dc dc cchlhl + Du0+ h c" ;Uns/c*s% &'85% ). (B5E. 65 ccl prudcnt6 C /b*bh dc Ksls) hl SS"lch ccl P*udcn ;&B75"&B'8% *cgc hl S)hnscs dsn &BBAE. Hnccdb h ch*c u*0ch.+ <4s h*c su*sh <n G. Bb c*b% !p. cst <0)*u0u u*slc lus G*hcs1n dsn Bb c*b hu 2bs s udsh c <nc+ dc H. Cbs c*% Bhlthshr Grhcsn, *hduccsbn% )*A&bgb ! nb hs dc Rsch*db dcl H*cb Gh*h!% Sns . >Kc0hndb cl Ch blscb"% Zh*hgb.h% &'(5 ;cd. b*sg. &'&6E% )). 8'"'9.
HHRUL HL #"LCH 49
)b*uncs s+ s sc )l+ chsc+ dsh0hn ul 4s s+ s sc *+s)l+ chsc+ s)ush% <n/cdc*<ndu"4s su)c*sb*s h ch gus ulus <n )lh + 4s"n *+s)lh +. Unss c*cd c+% dhc+ nu c <n *ccs <n lhud+% blh0c.s. Cu unul h4 .scc c+ )lusu*slc dc lhud+ s<n 0snusu*s hlc ch)hcs +3ss% 4s csnc lhud+ cChgc*h <4s bh c Dbc dc ssnc <nsu4s b*s dc ccslhl3s. G*ccul Hgcsslhbs68 nu"& sbcb ch 0c4 c* )c"hcclh ch*c"l <nc+l3h )c un )sg0cu cu )hn b2ul lus Cncclhdc: sh* <n 0h c*sc dc lhud+ 0+su*h*ch Dus + c b h* +. Lu0ch c*h )lsn+ dc ss)*+/slc cclus ch*c h 2bs hlbh cclus 0hs 0h*c sbh*c% hdsc+ dc /sc b*sslc lus dbn Hc*nhndb ,l/h*c. dc Tblcdb6'% 4s% cu bh c c+ u0)lchu b lu0c% gus u"s nscs )c Du0+ h c% <n *cbh dc cc% s)usc c+% <n )h *u.ccs dc hns dc s.b<n.s% h/<nd d*c) c<0) bh + Cu*b)h% d*c) blh.bhnc bh c 2h) clc dc /s cDsc hlc s0)ulus s+u% b ul <s )+*ch ns0sc% dc /*c0c cc nscsbdh + nu h/uscsc <n 2h3+ b h*0h + dc u*cs% c<nd /sc b*sh h* 2s 2bs *su02 hl dsb+cscs% nu hl )u c*ss% c<nd cCccss/h )u c*c u0sls + h* 2s )*bsl+/s cC)c*scn3h 4s cu*hDul unus cbnduc+ b*. Dc"h < h c nc/bsc s)*c"h )b bls gus ul unus c*bu. Pc un b+*bh cul % hh*ul hccs h nu"& <nd*u0+ s+ 2sc Mb0bs(9% c+cs h* 2s b nccu0)+ h*c snsu)b* hbsl+% cs s+ 2sc ccn.b* h b sn cg*u h b cc"s /hlb*bs. Unss 2hc dsn Dudcch + *bhbh h2cc ulus% *+s u*n<nd sluDbclc sbh*clus 4s"h <n unc*sculus. Kscch*c luc*u 0c*s c"4s )*c3us*ch )*sn ssnc. nu )*sn cb*u)c*s hlc gus ulus. Nu0hs b 0h*c cunbh4 c*c% 2h/b*s.h + dc b 0h*c )*hc sc+% hDungc s+ 4 sc )*c3u*slc )c*2cc3sunslb*. s c<nd dsscc*n+ b*ul nu )bh c b)snh )c 4lchu% s+ nu sc n+)us chsc+% s+ s ch lbculus? s+ nu"4s dcscb)c*c 0hs cu*<nd ls)sh )*b)*sc dcc< )*ssbsul ccluslhl .
68 6'
H#csslh!s6 Rcgc s)h* hn ;((("6A9 <. C*.E. Hu sc*ss dcs)*c cl @cnb2bn. Plu" h*h 4s Cb*nclsus Nc)bs. hl!h cclus "hs "hrc s!hrc...6 C /b*bh dc Kc*nhndb ,l/h*c. dc Tblcdb ! Ps0cn cl% hl *cslch ducc dc Hlbh ;&B95"&B87E% su)*hnu0s >ccl Mh*c". Cb0hndhn dc b4 s 4s b0 )bls sc sub Ch*bl Gusn ul 4s Ksls) hl SS"lch% )c ch*c G*hcs1n <l /h clbgsh 4s <n Crsl. s hcchs + hnccdb + s"h 2bs 2u*ns.h +% du)+ H. Cbs c*% dc G. Bb c*b. (9 M!"!s6 P*s0h 0cn3sbnh*c <n b)c*h lus G*hcs1n h hccs us )c*sbnhD hl 0s blbgscs g*ccc4 s% c*ch3sc% dc 2h) % h lus Lucshn dsn Sh0bsh h $Hcr"!tsn!s shu scctclc ksl!0!kscc, ch). 79E. Cs c b <n *u)h*c h h s udsnss c*s scc 4s chsh* ncgh s/ss c: lh Lucshn% Mb0bs <4s bh c Dbc dc b0ul 2+u*s dc #ulchn% )c 0b s/ c+ nu h*c b >2c*cs *usc+" <n )sc) % )*sn ch*c s+ s sc )bh + cs s g<ndu*slc. G*hcs1n <l 0cn3sbnch.+ dcscb*s% <n Dssc, @S@: Br., 777: Hsc, @@#SSS% 4s% 0hs hlcs% <n CrsL, S% &&% 4s SSS% 5% undc h)h*c chsh* ch )c*sbnhD. B9
CRBUL
HHRUL HL #S"LCH C"sncn *n cc3s "hs !un.%

8 <0b*+3s4h b*scc )c*2cc3sunc s sc <ng+dusc dbh* )*s0cs Kssn3c% ch*c% nc)*s0snd"b dc lh hl csnc/h% nu su2c*+ ls0s +*s. Dsn *c <n.cs *+*s% )c unclc lc d+ cc*ul% hl clc s sc <nc*cdsn3ch.+ dsb+cscs: unh% dbu+ nu"s dc hDuns ch s+ *clsc2c.c un sns: )c c< h dcs s us cc*ul dsn cclc nh u*hlc% )c h < cb0)cnsc.c s *+dusn3h )*sn cclc dbb<nds c (7. Hcclch s<n 2sscc hlc hh <*ulus: hccs ch hlc dsb+cscs l+udhbslc% 4s nu bbs4nuscsc h 2s cclc 0hs )u3sn nbbslc. Dc )u3sn cs c nc/bsc )cn *u snds/sd% dc 0ul )cn *u uns/c*shl% 4s s<n h < dc *h*s hcc4 sh% <nc< dc bbsccs sc *c2u.+ *chls +3ss% chsh* dhc+ sc b2c*+ sdcss. Nu c unul ssngu* csnc 2hcc c< 0ul3s. Mh*c cCcclh*c ch <n *"b ssngulh*s h c )u c*nsc+ s+ <ncs2*c.s b <n *chg+ ch cgb*sc% bh s"b 4s cghlc.s. Nu b*scc h* + 0c*s + )*c3us*c 4s nu b*scc sluDb+ dbb<ndc4 c *c)u h3sc. H 4 s b ul nu c c*s schbsl: h 2hcc b ul h* <nsc0nh s+ )+c+ usc4 s <0)b *s/h bunulus nu0c. H 2s c0sncn <n *"b )*b2cssc u0sl+ <nsch0n+ h 2s 0h*c <n )u3sn% h 2s cc/h <n ns0sc. H )c*sss h <n *"b 0sDlbcsc sus3snc uns/c*shls h ch: h c s *ccu*h <n cCcclh*c 4 s*bc4 c c*cds ul. Hu 2bs 0ul dcbscbs3s ccs dbs Ksls)s% ccl hl S)hnscs 4s ccl hl Mhccdbnscs. <n <sul <n bh c 4s hl dbslch <n *cnu0c h dc.h)*bbh lh )*sn3 c<n h ul <n sh hc% sh* 0hccdbnchnul h <ncu*hDh lh HlcChnd*u hlc*gh*ch )c s hdsbn. Hccch h 2bs /cghc h unus )*udcn : hcchs h h 2bs b ncglsDcn3+ h 0+*c3scs. Dh* HlcChnd*u% *u4snh su c% 0hs 0ul dcc< su c dc )scsb*% *c)lsc+ bsnc? dhc+ s"h* <n *ccc cu *cgss (6% *chc1"0ch*g+. Cu c< cc/h c 0hs 0ul dclcc hbsl% cu h < c 0hs )u3sn c*bsc% dc bbsccs.
(& (7
C"sncn *n cc3s "hs !un6 C2. Br., A&% s lu sdcn sc. d!!*ndstc6 CCsgcn3+ 2b*0ulh + dc Sgnhcsb dc Lb!blh% C-crcstsh, &B9. (6 Hlc-hndru... dhc s3hr *ntrccc cu rc#ss6 Plu h*h nb ch.+ c+% <n *cbh >dhc+ h* /bs s+ sh )h* c lh hlc*g+*slc dc lh Bls0)sh = c+ c*h su c dc )scsb* = HlcChnd*u h *+s)uns LDcssgu* c"h4 /*ch% dhc+ 0"h4 luh lh <n *ccc*c cu *cgsQM" ;Dscs phrhlclc), >HlcChnd*u"% (% cd. N. S. Bh*bu /bs. SSS% ). 6B'.E HHRUL HL #l"LCH
B&
Un b+*bh 0hCs0 nu *cbusc s+ sc 0+*gsnchsc+ lh b )c*2cc3sunc shu hl h% cs% cu h0bs3ss dc sn2sns h c% s+ hs)s*c lh b uns/c*shls h c h)lhudhbsl+% )*b2un.s0ch cunb4 sn3clb* cb*cs)un.<nd cCcclcn3cs h* clb*. s nu c dc hDuns nscs b*scc cunbh4 c*c 2hcsl+ = hnghDh*c <n )*s)+ =% c+cs bbs4nusc4 c h 2s 0hs dcg*hb+ s sg0h dc 2lcc+*chl+ /hn+ dcc< c*cds dc c0csnsc+ sn cg*s h c. H dbb<nds c0sncn3h <n b ul nu c cch 0hs 0sc+ dsn *c s0)bssbsls +3s? nu dsn chu.h 0blc4clss h0bs3scs% cs dsn h s<*gusn3cs 4s chsh* h /sc3ss. CCc*cs3sul c 0sDlbcul dc <0)lsns*c <n ccch cc )*b2csc.s% dh* ls)sc4 c% c<nd 3s"c 0hs *cbusncsbs% s0)ul% 4s 0hs cu*<nd gus ul% <n *"b h < dc <nc<lcs + hc s/s h c. Nu s<n 0cdsbc*s +3s 0ul c dc"hDuns )cn *u h cbns s us b 0+*c3sc% dh* 2sc 4s nu0hs b c0sncn3+ )*ssbsc4 c )cn *u h hssgu*h su)c*sb*s h ch.
Nu s"h )b0cns c*bu 2+*+ c0sncn3+ <n cc/h hnu0c% )cn *u c+ c b ch*hc c*ss sc+ h 0+*c3scs 4s% cu c< 0hs dss sns+ sluDbh% cu h < 0hs glb*sbhs+ h)lhudhbsls h ch. C0sncn3h <n *"b <n.cs *h*c h/hn hDh + c cb0)bncn hl su/c*hns +3ss% dcbh*ccc hDungc s+"4s )*c snd+ 0bdul s+u )*b)*su dc /cnc*h*c. s dhc+ 4s )cs c un glbb dc /<n % db0nsnd cu c0sncn3+% *su02s hsu)*h hd0s*h3scs% cu0 /h 2s s+ db0nc4 s cu ch )cs c un b3cl% b )hn+% un bshg% un bhs bn% un scc) *u% b sh*+O Hccl Mh* c chs slshn% dc lh ch*c s"h .ss >Chs slsh c+)s hns% dhc+ H*hgbnul *cgs"% dbn Dscgb Pc*c. dc #h*ghs ((% cu 0hs 0ul c ss)*+/s dcc< .slc% s"h *c *hs ch s+ 4s lc ss)*+/chsc+ <n Jc*c. dc lh K*bn c*h. S"h *c *hs cl% nu <ns+ 4s 2hs0h lus% ch*c% cu 2scch*c .s% sc l+3ch 0hs 0ul <n ch *ul uns/c*sulus. H *hs dc ch% Hl2bnsb (B% *cgc nb/scc% dh* /cchs hd0s*h b* hl uncs c0sncn3c% 4s 0hs cu sch0+"n h*0c% s"h dus dcghs.h s+"& chu c% cu nu0hs )h *u ch/hlc*s.
((
Dsc#! Pcrc0 dc Dhr#hs6 H0 sdcn s2sch un ssngu* )c*sbnhD cu hccs nu0c. dh* ch*c% *+snd <n sccblul hl @#S"Sch% nu )u ch 2s cbn c0)b*hn cu un *cgc Hl2bnsb. Ssngu*ul PA*c. dc #h*ghs ch*c h* *+s)undc hccs cs cbnds3ss h* 2s <ns+ nu un Dscgb% cs un Gh*cs% c*bu chs slshn <n.cs *h cu 2b*3c hc*culccnc% c*bu hl *+.bbhsclb* cbn *h 0hu*slb* 4s hlc c+*us ss)*+/s cul0snch.+ cu lu) clc )cn *u cucc*s*ch Sc/sllcs ;76 nb/. &7(8E% sub cbnducc*ch *cgclus Kc*nhndb hl SH"lch ccl S2<n ;&7&5"&7B7E% u*0h lh *bn% <n &7B7% dc Hl2bnsb hl @"lch ccl <n3clc) .
(B
Hlk!ns!6 Cs c /b*bh% h4hdh*% dc Hl2bnsb hl @"lch ;&7B7"&78(E% ch*c <n snc*c3c% h* 2s )u u 2s c*bul hccs cs hnccdb c h *sbus c lus dc Gsb/hnns Bb c*b 4s Juhn #s *s+n% *hduc+ b*ul s)hnsbl hl lus Cb00sncs. G*hcs1n /h 2hcc hlu.sc lh ch4s <n Hsc., SSS.
B7
CRBUL
C+ c0sncn3h c 0hgnc hl /bsn3clb*% sh + b /*hD+ h h2cc ulus. B dh + hDuns lh Jc*c. 4s lh cl hchs+% *cgclc nu"& g+ss hcblb% dcbh*ccc #h*ghs% <n/+3h s+ lu) c% <4s h0+gch lh c<0) gcnc*bhsh )b*ns*c. Rcgclc% ch*c nu )*cgc hsc h 0c*gc dc lh cu* c lh Jc*c. ch s+"& chu c% nu 4b/+s s+ 0ch*g+ dc"hcblb lh 2c*0+. <l .+*s*+ dc dc)h* c% cu un cbsb* <n 0<n+ dcsc+)+3<nh /s3c ch hl +dh + /sc3s. Hl2bnsb )b*uncs s+ 2hc+ )b)hs% 4s hs s+s sc hscunsc*+. Cbbb*< dc )c chl 4s% cu 0hscs ubhs+ 2slb s0sc% <ncc)u s"hdunc cu*)cnss )c ch*c #h*ghs% ncb+g<nd dc sch0+% <s +sh. Sc"n <0)l+ s+"n bh*c+ <ns+ ch)ul% s <*ns dc /*cun .gb0b 2+cu dc *cgc shu = ccch cc c 0hs ssgu* = dc b )b*ns*c 2sdcl+ h sns0ss shlc. s c<nd b *ccunbscu )c 0hscs h ch sh% s sc h*unc+ lh )scsbh*c% du)+ bbsccsul s0)ulus% 4s .ssc? >Dbh0nc% cc 2hcs hscsO" >#c.s"3s dc *chb+% #h*ghs% .ssc Hl2bnsb% c+cs cu0 c +sc b*ul% h4h c 4s s *<ng+ b*ul dc cu*)cns."(A B *su02 hl uncs c0sncn3cQ N+.ushsc+ lh ch b+*bh ul *h*. cu <nc*cdsn3h*ch c+ b cc"& /h cbs h ch bs cnchl+ /h *cdbb<nds <n chs) dc cclcb*s h c. C+cs nu s0)*b)*su s"h cbnshc*h )+g<n+ h ch lus Hc*culc bbul% ch 0ss c* hl 2h) ulus c+ 0unch l+udhbsl+ c un sc0+nh dc ss)*+/s cc 2+g+dusc4 c *ccbl + dc 2hs0+% dc h)lhu.c% dc nc0u*s*c.
HHRUL HL #SS"LCH C-cclhrc cu *nt*scthtc.%

LJnss h* 2s 2bs 2cnsc4s <n sluDbc% dhc+ nu lc"h* 2s luh "b hl3ss <nhsn c. Mh*c h/hn hD s+ 2ss )*s0ul% sh* dhc+ 4s cu c0sncn3+% <ndbs . C<4 sg+% lh cghls h c% csnc h c<4 sgh 0<nh"n <s. S<n sbcb s3s d*c) s0s h b*s hs cclb* dsn *ccu ccs cc lc u*0ch.+% 4s% b*sc< h* hsudh% nu )b hlungh b+nushlh dc s0s h3sc. P*s0ss sc"hlcg cu bh + 0b4 cns*ch 2hs0cs% 4s )cn *u hccsh dc du)+ cs *+0<nc sub.ss cn3h )*bs )l+ s + (8.
(A (5 (8
str*n#t!rul dc cu*)cns? #c.s nb clc )*cccdcn c% (( 4s (B. C-cclhrc cu *nt*scthtc6 C2. Br.. A6. cu s lu sdcn sc su!0sstcnh pr!st pltst6 Hlu.sc lh unh dsn )*c/cdc*slc /cchsulus d*c) )h *s0bnshl h*ss bc*h sc dsn S)hnsh $Rcc!pslhcs!n H&BA5P h lus Ksls) hl Sl"lch% ch* ch #% s lul #SS% lcgslc &"5E )b *s/s c+*ush )*s0ulus n+scu <s *c/cnch <n *chgh h/c*c s0bbsl+% snhlscnhbsl+% 4s s lul nbbslsh* $"h9!rh0#!), <0)*cun+ cu bblsgh3sh dc h hssgu*h lh cc*c*c% sub.ss cn3h cclb*lhl3s 2*h3s.
HHRUL HL #SS"LCH
B6
H <ncc h s+"s )*c3ushsc+ ncs h b*nsch )+g<n+ h c )c n+scbcs b*ss h* clb* 4s h *ccu lh /cnc*h*ch lb*. H schs0bh )*c3us*ch <n cul ? g*c4chl+ bbs4nus +% dh* ch*c(' /+dc4 c c< /hlb*ch.+ b )*sb*s h c. Khlh <ns+ nu c s+ 2ss )*s0ul <n s0)% cs s+ 2ss )*s0ul <n c0sncn3+. Plu*hls h ch <4s cs c ch <ns+4s dssc*cds % chsh* <n ch*h c )*c3sbhsc: 4s% ds0)b *s/+% *h*s h ch lhud+ )c*2cc3sunch 0bdc*h +. C% h4hdh*% dsb+csc nu dc *<nd s+ n+scbcc4 s 4lchu nbu )cn *u cCcclh*c% s+ dcscb)c*s d*u0 0bdc*n )cn *u cclcb*s h c. S<n 0ul c c+slc cc duc lh ssngulh*s h c% nu bh c b+ u c. Cclc 0hs nbs% dc4s *udnscc% bbs4nuscsc h 2s scu* + u*s c+ *c 0+*c3sc. H h)uch "b <n3clc)3c4 c Sblb0bn )c chlch cch )h4nsc+% l+s<ndu"s"b h +lus s+u )c cch *+.bbsnsc+. H schs0bh chlch 4s h hDuns cu 0hs )u3sn+ g*cu h c lh ch cgb*sh c*bslb*. Tsbc*su h )*c2c*h s+ bb3sn+ )*sn )bls sc+ ccch cc Hugus us )*sn 0hgnhns0s h c. s 0h*clc nbs *u Ksls) h gu/c*nh dc )c *bnul )*udcn3cs shlc <n *chgh lu0c% s)*c 0snunh*ch /chcu*slb* bh c. s dhc+ Cc.h*ul% nc<n/snsul s+u h +% h 2bs un )*bdsgsu dc /s cDsc% Ksls) h 2bs unul dc )*udcn3+. Hu u*ch cu s2h ul hccs h 0ul3s dsn *c sb*ss Bssc*scss <n .cns ul cclcb*s +3ss. Unss )*sn c0sncn + s2sn3cnsc% hl3ss )*sn cul0s dc c*uds3sc: cu h*c )*sn 0hgns2sccn3+ <n cbns *uc3ss% 4s cu h*c )cn *u c+ h 4 su s+ *clsc2c.c dc0ns h ch.
Cu hcchs + nbu h c dc 0h c*ss% h/s.h3ss 4s"hu 2+cu <n b dchunh lbc <n 0h *scblh cclb* 0h*s. K+*+ h sc4s dsn h* +% sngcnsb.s h ch 4 sc s+ shs+ dsn bbs4nus 4s s+ g+schsc+ <n )*b2cssh <nc+*un3s + )hs nbu c+ *c c0sncn3+. Hb*h3su s"h ccdh c*bscul lus #s*gslsu% sh* Mh*3shl lus Hb*h3su ls*scul. Hu luh "b )*sn cb0sc Tc*cn3su% )*sn sh s*sc Pc*ssus% cu b3ss hs)s*<nd lh 0<nd*sh dc h 2s )*s0ss <n gcnul lb*? sns0bsul ch)*scsu nu s" h )lcch nscsbdh + s0s h3scs 2hcslc. Ccl+lhl b*h/ )sc b*B9 h /+.u ch Ts3shn% Rh2hcl 4s hl3ss s"b luhsc*+ <nhsn c. Lc c*h 0hs /sc 2hs0h c<nd hu 0u*s . S"h 2blbss dc sn/cn s"
('
dhr chrc6 <n b*sgsnhl% %.)c*b Fuc"% g*u) cbnDunc3sbnhl )c ch*c H. dcl Hb!b ;HH"BG.BC% ).lAbE <l sn c*)*c ch.+ <n scns cbnccss/% cchs/hl<ndu"& cu >hunFuc"% /hlbh*ch h*hhsc+ )*bbh + cu un cC dsn P!c"h dc 1crnn G!n0lc0. Mul 0hs clh*+ ns sc )h*c <ns+ 2unc3sh hd/c*sh s/+ 0bdc*n+% )c*2cc )bssbsl+ 4s lh G*hcs1n. B9 Ccllhlt !rh psct!r6 S"h c*c.u ;H. Mb*cl"Kh sb% <n *"un h* scbl dsn Bullctsn HssphnsAuc, &'&9% ). 79(E c+ hccs >ghlhn c )sn b*" h* 2s 2bs #cl1.Fuc.. H. Cbs c* $Bhlthshr Grhcsn, cd. cs .% ). '9E h <0)+* +4s hccch4s )+*c*c. B sblu3sc dc2sns s/+ B(
CRBUL
/s h ch sh sn/sncsbsl+? s"h h)uch s+ )sc c.c /bsnscc4 c. S"hu bbscc h unss c+ nu )sc ch.+ <n 0hnsc*h suh/+ 4s lsns+% <n ch*c <l )u ch cbncu*h )c Ts3shn% dh* cl s"h l+0u*s ch/hlc*c4 c c+ 3snc s+ 2sc 0hs dcg*hb+ )*s0ul <n hcch g*bsbl+nsc% dcc< hl dbslch <n dclsch c3c. S+ cC sndc0 )sldh lh b*scc <ndclc nscs*c 4s b*scc b+*bh *h* <n3clchg+ bsnc s *h hgc0h? c+ <n nbu h ch c0sncn + /h 4 s s+ g+schsc+ d*u0 sc4s dsn cb0un c+ *c 0+*c3sc.
HHRUL HL #SSS"LCH Cr!ul s prckcrc !!ls#hsslc hplhudh!slc+%

JLbu+ )h *ss hu )*bdus dbs c*bs? )c Hc*culc% Tcbh: )c Ch b% Rb0h: Hc*culc h 2bs glb*sh uns/c*sulus% Ch b h 2bs su)+*h*ch Rb0cs. Pc unul l"hu hd0s*h b3s bh0cnss% )c ccl+lhl *b0hnss l"hu bcbls . Nu hd0s c dsscu3sc h/hn hDul h/u dc Ch b hsu)*h lus Hc*culc% dc /*c0c cc &"h <n *ccu <n )*udcn3+? dh* Hc*culc )c Ch b &"h dc)+4s <n 2hs0+. Mhs 0ul + hnc/bsn3+ 4s 0+scs *sc h db/cds <ndclc nscs*ch lus Ch b% dcbh*ccc s"h hnghDh s+ <0bl<n.chsc+ 0bn4 *s hs 0b*h/u*slb*% )c c<nd Hc*culc )c"hs nh u*ss% dh* cch h cbhnulus h h/u 0hs 0ul + <nd*s us*c lh 2hs0+. Dcbscbs*ch h 2bs c+ Hc*culc h s+/<*4s ss)*+/s h)lhudhbslc% sh* Ch b dc cs hbslc. H)lhudhbsls h ch sluDbcs h dus glb*sh HlcsdulusB7
h )*bblc0cs h dh "b <ns+ Hngcl #cguc ! Gbldbns% >Un lugh* cb0un cn lh hss b*sh dcl h* c cs)h2sbl? Cl ch0bsb dc cs slb cn Tscshnb% Nh/h**c c% Cl G*ccb ! #clh.Fuc."% <n Hrchs ! csphh!l dc hrtc 9 hsAuc!l!#sh, Mhd*sd% &'78% n. &9% cnc*b"hb*sl% )). B5"B'. <n cC ul s+u% G*hcs1n h u*0h un )hshD dsn Hn bnsb Pc*c. $B!rhs 9 rclhcs!ncs), 2h) sc0nhlh <nc+ dc H. Cbs c* $!p.cst., )).&9&"&97E. G*hcs1n% h)bs% h 2bs u*0h dc Bbuhbu*s% <n Cntrctscns dHrsstc ct d Cu#cnc ;>Lc bcl cs)*s "% S#c cn *c scn% Ph*ss% &A5&E% b 2+*+ cs h*ch )*b/cnscn3cs. #cguc sus3snc c+ )sc b*ul <n chcs sunc h* 2s 2bs Nh/h**c c ccl Mu % c+*ush P. Ssgucn.h <s h *sbussc h2s*0h3sh dc 0hs sus <n &A9B ;<n Hsst!rsh dc lh Brdcn dc Shn 8cr!ns"!), c<nd #clh.Fuc. h/ch dbh* 4hsc hns. C /b*bh% dc 2h) % dc un lbc cb0un% ch*c h)h*c <n ss b*sh h* cs% 2ssnd dcscb*s u sls.h bun+bh*+ dc #hsh*s. <nsu4s Phlb0snb% )c ch*c sc bh.h h*gu0cn h3sh lus Mb*cl"Kh sb% <l h *sbussc 0hs 0ul b* )sc b*s. $Hpud HH"BG.BC% ). &5b% nb h &.E B& !!ls#hsslc hplhudh!slc. C2. Br., A5. S: #l!rsh Hlcsdulus6 Hlcsdcs ;Hl2csdcsE% hl nu0c hl lus Hc*h2lcsHc*culcs% cs c lcgh dc lcgcndh nh4 c*ss cbhnc h c*bulus% 2su hl lus Hns)hs *!bn 4s nc)b hl lus Hl2hsbs% >#s ch.ul".
HHRUL HL #SSS"LCH
BB
)<n+ lh 0h*gsnslc lu0ss 4s"h* 2s *ccu 4s dsncblb% dhc+ clc s"h* 2s l+*gs . Ch*hc c*ul nc)l+cu hl sluDbcs &"h cs*cu0sc*ss )c Ch b <n+un *ul .sdu*slb* Rb0cs. Cu bh c hccs ch% unss% 4s nu dsn *c ccs 0hs )u3sns Dudscsb4s% )*c2c*+ <ndclc nscs*ch 0+shs *+ hcclcsh 0hs h)lhudhbslc% 4s )cn *u cs /hlb*ch.+ 0hs 0ul hd0s*h3sh cclb* )u3sns dcc< h)lhu.clc cclb* 0ul3s% dh* /ulgh*s. Ms*hcblc )cn *u sgnb*hn3s ls sc .scc 2h) clb* h)hludhbslc. Hnc/bsn3+% 0+scs *sh uncs <ndclc nscs*s su)c*sbh*c% )u3sns% dh* c0sncn3s% lc bbsc*/+% 4s hs 2cl% ccs *h*s lc hc*cds ch.+. Khcsls h ch h)lhud+*ss ls sc"ng+dusc u u*b*h% sc /ulgh*s.ch.+% 4s hs 2cl h)lhu.clc s<n )c c< dc uns/c*shlc% )c"h < dc cb0unc. Sn cnss h ch unus 0sc nu0+* <n/sngc nu0+*ul 0h*c hl unus /ulg <n *cg. C <ns+ b dsb+csc s+ dhs dc sluDbclc h)lhudhbslc. Cs c un hc dc Dudscsb.s h c s+ hdc0cnc4 s h cn3sh cb0un+. <n <ndclc nscs*ch h)lhudhbsl+% c0sncn3h ls sc h*h + u u*b*h% 4s cu /b u*slc u u*b*h h 2bs )*b0b/h + 4s *c)u h3sh. Cu/snc"ls"sc )*c3us*c 0hs 0ul + cclb* 0hs 0h*s. <n h h*c ss)*+/s% cCcclcn3h cs c )s)+sbsl+: 4s% dhc+ c/sdcn +% h)lhudhbsl+. Cclc 0+scs *c hu 0ul c h*chnc% l+s<nd cclcb*s h ch <n dubsu. Nu0csc sluDb+ h)lhudhbsl+ hccch ch*c sc s+/<*4c4 c <n /+.ul u u*b*h 4s s)*c sh ss2hc3sh u u*b*h% <n c0csndu"sc 0c*cu )c *c)u h3sc? sc cCclud hcclch )c"h < dc ls)ss c dc c*cds % )c c< dc <0)b/+*h c dc bs cn h3sc. Un hss *sbn *+sc4 c bbgh <n h)lhu.c% dh* s+*hc ls)s <n *c)u h3sc. H 2s% dh*% c0sncn <n *"b <ndclc nscs*c nbbsl+% cC)us+ ch *ulus uns/c*shl% hcchs h <nsch0n+ h dbb<nds h)lhudhbsls h c hugus +. Bh*c cc )*sncs)s bcu)+ ch hlbhgclc 2hs0cs% dhc+ nu ccs *+.bbsnscsO Lb* ls sc dh b*ch.+ lh )*b)*su *cnu0clc dc 0h*s. Cs u0)lu lu0ch dc h)lhu.c% /chcu*slc dc 2hs0+% c+*3slc dc b*h/u*s% c+cs bcls"cb.s h ch cs c 0hs lcsnc h)lhudhbsl+ dcc< )hcs2ss0ul. Dsn *<ndul Dudcc+ b*slb* s<n hlc4s ch nc0u*s b*s ccs sc/c*s% )cn *u c+ Dus s3sh 2+*+ c*u.s0c h 2bs <n bdchunh
0hs )l+cu + /ulgulus dcc< 0slh 0blh sc+. <n <ndclc nscs*slc sngcnsb.s +3ss h *su02h <n b dchunh h)lhudhbsls h ch. Dulcch3h unus dsscu*s h)lhudhbsl *cc*cch.+ su2lc ul% 0+gulc4 c hu.ul? )c c<nd usc+csunch unus cbncc) h*chnsc lc b* u*ch.+ 4s lc su)+*+.
BA
CRBUL HHRUL HL @"LCH B5
HHRUL HL S@"LCH Dcsprc chrhtul3rc#c

C.s dhc+ s+ nu0csc sn clsgcn3+ shu nb*bc h2lh*ch dc c+ *c un c*bu h <n.cs *+*ss shlc 0hDb*c% h h *sbu ulus"*cgc hl ch)hcs +3ss shlc. <n *"unss db0nc4 c sns0h% <n hl3ss ch)ul? 4s c hc dc )*bs sc dhc+ unul /*ch s+ s udsc.c cu hDu b*ul cu*hDulus% 4s hl ul s+ lu) c cu hscu3s0ch. Mul3u0chsc+"sc )+unul cu *bh h cb.ss shlc. 2+lchsc+"sc /ul u*ul cu .bb*ul s+u? h* 2s b 0h*c 0bns *ub.s h c ch s *u3ul s+ hs)s*c h sc <n+l3h% cC)us uncs )*+bu4s*s )sldus bh*c: 0<ng<sc"sc cu 0<n"d*c3ch )cnclb*. Nu c b0 ch*c <n *"b hnu0s + sluDb+ s+ nu 2s )u u dbb<nds c0sncn3h. s <s /cdc0 c+"s h < dc )u3sns% <nc< ls sc .scc *h*s% h < )*sn unscs h c% c< 4s )*sn cCcclcn3+% 4s. ch 2cnsCul% nu sch)+ nscsc<nd dc <ndbshl+. Ns0cns nu sc cbnssdc*+ nc)*scc)u )cn *u cch 0hs 0h*c sluDb+: dh* dc cc lsngu4c4 c )h s0h% dc.h0+gc4 c <*.su s0)ul. Cs c b scu.+ s+ nu 2ss c0sncn <n 0sDlbcsc% 2ssnd 0sDlbcsu <n c0sncn3+: nu <ns+ 4s s+ 2ss 0sDlbcsu <n sn2s0% dhc+ )b3s 2s )*s0ul <n subls0. H h*+ h hdc/+*ul% dc4s )bc % hcclh? %.Tu s+ nu 2hcs ns0sc <n ch*c s+ c cbn *h.sc+ Msnc*/h."B6 Dh* nu c ns0sc 0hs hnc/bsbs dcc< s+ dc.h0+gc4 s <n )*s/sn3h ch)hcs +3ss. B% dc"h* cCss h bglsn.s )cn *u sn clcc % h4h cu0 cCss + )cn *u chs)Q Cl *cbusc s+"4s 2sc )*b)*sh bglsnd+ 4s sc 2hlss2sc+ lcsnc. B*scsnc <4s cs c )*b)*sul s+u Dudcc+ b* g+sc4 c nu0hsdcc< cC c dc sub c*2ugsu 4s cb*u)c*s hlc )hssunslb*. Mh*c c /h*sc h ch <nclsnh3sslb*% )*bdsgsu dclcc hbsl hl nh u*ss: h < h c< + <n chs)u*s% glhsu*s 4s c0)c*h0cn c. S<n lh 2cl dc 0ul c gus u*slc ch 4s sluDbclc. Nu ls)scsc h0h b*s nscs )cn *u cclc 0hs Dbsnscc% bh chsh* sn2h0c. s ccch cc n"h* )u ch bb3snc nscs )u c*nsch )*c/cdc*c h cclus 0hs )bls sc *cgc% b <nlcsnc4 c <nclsnh3sh. Dhc+ h* *cbus ch 0bnh*hul s+ <0)h* + sh*csnslc u0slc = >Kss u 3+*hn% u 0h*snh*" =% cu*<nd h* ch)s ulh <n 2h3h s0)bssbsls +3ss?
B6
;Tu s nu khcs ns"sc... "6 Hb*h3su% Hrs p!ctsch, 68B? >Tu nshsl sn/s h dsccs 2hcscs/c Msnc*/h" ;>Tu nu /cs .scc 4s 2hcc ns0sc 2+*+ /bsh Msnc*/cs"% *hd. dc Sbncl Mh*sncscuE.
nscs unul n"h* 2s 0ul3u0s nscs cu cch 0hs cs/sls.h + sluDb+: sh* hcu0% hlcgc*ch )*b)*sc <4s )sc*dc /cdc*ch chsh* )cn *u cch 0hs *s/shl+. H < dc 0ul )bh c <nclsnh3sh 4s% dhc+ sc unc4 c cu 2b*3clc% su)un b ul. Dh* dcbbsccs sc dc.bsn+. B+*bh ul )*udcn chu c% h4hdh*% s+ 0+gulchsc+ gus ul 4s s+"& h *hg+% 2+*+ /sblcn3c dcs)b scc% s+ sc 0+sbh*c cu 2b*3clc? 4s% b dh + *ccunbscu + <n.cs *h*ch db0snhn +% s+ b 2blbschsc+ <n chs) 2c*scs . Nscsbdh + n"h* 2s dc/cns un HlcChnd*u s)hnsbl 4s un Cc.h* sndshn )*bdsgsbsul 0h*chs. dcl #hllc% dbn Kc*nhndb Cb* cs% dhc+ n"h* 2s +sh c+*3slc sluDbclb*? )*sn ls c*c% h* 2s hDuns ccl 0ul lh b )*ch/ulgh*+ 0sDlbcsc% dh* )*sn h*0c. s"h su0c3s <n /<*2ul c0sncn3cs% 2+c<nd *shd+ cu HlcChnd*u 4s Cc.h*% cucc*s*ch lu0ss <0)+*3sndu"sc <n *c ccs *cs du)+ .bnclc shlcB(.
HHRUL HL @"LCH Cr!ul trc!usc s34s s!ndc0c s!hsth rssc*nd

Bbh* h% )c c< dc *cnu0s +% )c"h < dc )u3sn cunbscu +% nu c hl cc/h% cu0sn c 4s chsh* ch blsc /b*bsnd% dcc< hcch 0h*c 0h0+ h <n <0)l+*slb* 4s 0h*c 2ssc+ h su)*c0cs P*b/sdcn3c. /cghsnd 0c*cu hsu)*h chu.clb* shlc. bh /bsnd% bh <ng+dusnd. Ch cs c hcch *cgsn+ h < dc su/c*hn+% snsbndhbsl+% sncCb*hbsl+% .<0bs bh*c cu unss% dss)*c3us bh*c cu hl3ss% c<nd 0h0+. c<nd 0h4 c*+% nu dsn )hssunc% cs dsn hsnh unb* Dudcc+3s snhcccssbslc. B *cgul+ <n *u b ul dc 0hc4 *s hs dsscc*nc*ss )cls scc c s+"3s bbsc*/s sbh* h )*b)*sc 4s )c cch h )h* s.hnslb* +s. Ccl ch*c 4s"h ss03s "b 0h0+% s+ sc bucu*c dc hu.u*% s+ sc h/<n c cu b cu*hDul? c+cs% ch <nd*+gbs s % sc lhs+ 0+guls dc <nc*cdc*c. Cc.h* <4s luhsc bsnc )ulsul sb*3ss% h uncs c<nd% <nsu2lc3sndu"& )c cb*+bsc*ul dcscu*hDh % <s s)unch? >Nu c c0c% c+ Dsgnc4 s sbh* h lus Cc.h*."BB N"h g+ss hncb*+ 0hs ssgu*+ ch /b*bh hcchs h. Nu s"h c0u dc /<n u*slc )b *s/nscc b0ul cc h/ch <n )u)h su2l+*slc sb*3ss shlc. Cc cbn ch.+ c+ sc ulbu*+ /+.duhul% dhc+ cc*ul cs c scnsnO c+ 0h*ch u*l+% dhc+ s clclc s<n *<.+ bh*cO
B( BB
dup 0!nclc shlc6 C?. Cr., (. sbh* h lus Cc0hr6 #c.s 4s Crst S% &. Hnccdb h c *clh h + dc Plu h*h% Dscs phrhlclc, >Chcsh*"% 68% cd. cs .% /bs. SSS% )).('9"('&. B8
CRBUL
Lh 0ul3s% c< c b ss)*h/+ h )+*u c0c*s h c% dh* n"h 2bs dcc< dsb+csc% bs.us*c )c hh <*ul sb*3ss lb*. Hl3ss% ds0)b *s/+% hu )sc*du 0h*s bch.ss dc cclcb*s h c 2ssndc+ nu"4s <n3clcscsc*+ nb*bcul. P<n+ 4s Dudcc+ b*ul b*b <4s cbnsul + 4hnsh c<nd sc lhnsch.+. Mh*c <n.cs *h*c c s+ 2ss b+*bh subs dc sbh* + 4s% du)+ b)snsh 0ul b*h% ch s + <n 2*un c. Unss )*c3uscsc 0hs 0ul b uncsc dc nb*bc dcc< bchlc dc <n/+3+ u*+% dcc< chsn hlc dc cu*hD: hl3ss% ds0)b *s/+% )un c0cs )c ncnb*bc% ch 4s )c 0clhncblsc. Nb*bc% *c)c + cs% hl )*bs ulus% 4s 0c*s c dc nc2c*scs . Th +l )+ *un.+ b* <nlbcusc4 c cu hu* u*<3cnsh 2ssccs shlc% sh* ccl uns/c*shl )blcsc4 c u*<3cnsh 0sn3ss cu nb*bc. Ghlcn 4s &"h db*s subs dc sbh* + )c 0cdscul s+u% #cgc sus )c c+)s hn% 4s H*ss b cl )c 0bnh*hul s+u. Ssgu* c c+ )c c*bu l"hu n+4s cu*hDul 4s sbh* h% h0<ndbs bsss hlc uncs c*bscs +3s. Dh* csnc h h)uch s+"s cbns h c hc*cls dc 0h4 c*+ ch + s+"4s db0blchsc+ h/<n +*slc% s+ nu sc <nd<*Dchsc+? <n ds.g*h3sc bbs4nusc4 c h 2s dc )lu0b. <ng+dushsc+"0s"sc hscs s+ 2u* /b*bh )bc ulus scn cn3sbsBA% cu bblsgh3sh dc"h b *cs s us%ch s2h subs b*slb* )*udcn3cs? >Nu 2hcc 4s nu s)unc ns0sc cc nu"s )c /bsh sb*3ss." #cnshns0ul% h.s% hl nb*bculus% cs c% cu c/sdcn3h s *+lucs*ss shlc% c*bscul% nc<n/snsul 4s sc*cnsss0ul scnsb* ch*dsnhl sn2hn c hl S)hnscs% dbn Kc*nhndbB5% nu0c cc *ccc d*c) blh.bn shu cb*bhn+ nb0snhl+ h h < b* c*bs. H4 c) h b uns/c*sul cu su2lc ul lh gu*+ s+"s /hd+ sbh* h% us0s dc cu*hDul s+u% 4s hcchs + 0h*c )*sn3cs+ &"h dcclh*h d*c) subs hl cs dc lh )*s0K )*slcD% /*chu s+ .sc <n hcch% )c c< dc nc0u*s bh*c )cn *u hs s+s% )c"h < dc ucsg+ bh*c )cn *u du40hns% b+ +lsc dc lh Nb*dlsngcn B8% cu )*b)+4s*s dc h2cc3sunc <n K*hn3h 4s Klhnd*h% 4s cu b *cs ul hh <*ulus s+u lh Sc*ushls0.
BA B5
!r!h p!ctulus scntcns!s6 #c.s 0hs sus% nb h B6. d!n 1crnhnd!6 Ch*dsnhlul"Sn2hn c c*h dbn Kc*nhndb dc Hus *sh% 2su hl lus Ksls) hl SSS"lch% 2*h c cu Ksls) hl S#"lch. H *+s <n *c &A9' 4s &A(7. H/ch <nclsnh3ss sn clcc uhlc% <nd*+gch s udsslc% c+u h sbcsc h ch bh0cnslb* dbc3s% cunb4 ch 0ul c ls0bs s *+snc 4s c*h <n gcnc*hl su)c*sb* *cgclus Ksls) hl S#"lch% 2*h clc s+u. #c.s 4s Crst., SS% A% Uns/c*s% &'85% ). 689. B8 !tlsc dc lh N!rdlsn#cn6 <n b*sgsnhl% N!rlsn#ucn, b*h4 gc*0hn undc h h/u lbc b b+ +lsc <n ch*c *u)clc s0)c*shlc 4s s)hnsblc% sub cb0hndh Ch*dsnhlulus"Sn2hn c% hu <n/sns *u)clc gc*0hnc. <n hcchs + lu) +% un *bl s0)b* hn &"h Duch 4s ducclc dc Nbcc*h% 0h*clc )*sc cn hl lus G*hcs1n.
HHRUL HL @S"LCH
B'
Dc hh*ul hccs h )bls sc 3snc 4 ssn3h dc h"s dsscc*nc )c ccs *+s2+3h3s 4s )c ccs /s *cgs3s dc sbh* +% )cn *u ch% <n <n *ccc*c% s+ s.bc4 s shu s+ ccdc.s. Sbls0hn h )*c/cns 0h*ch 4hns+ h ch blsculus nbs *u Mh* c% hl csncslch dsn *c Ch*bls% ch s+ *+0<n+ cu*hDul <n s2c*h lus. Mhs 0ul s"h c0u dc ch dcc< dc bh c *cgs0cn clc H)usulus% <ng<ndu*h*c )cn *u hl3ss. S"h db0bls <nc+ lh s0)% 4s hcchs h s"h shl/h % dhc+ nu *c)u h3sh% dc ch*c sc dc)+* h% cb*bhnh. Nu lh 2cl <n <sul K*hncssc hl K*hn3cs% ch*c h )*c2c*h s+"4s sgnb*c sbh* h )*b)*sc 4s )c cch h cc.h*ulus% 4s hs 2cl% ch dclsnc/cn hl )*udcn3cs% h 2bs bs<nds lh <nchssbh*cB'. Sbh* h )*sclnsc+ 4s cch )b *s/nsc+ s<n dc bbsccs 0bls)ss bh*c )cn *u ccs dsn )*chD0+. S+ sh% dh*% sch0h dsscc*n+ b*ul cu csnc sc d+ 4s% <n Dbcul hccs us *su02% s+ <n/c3c h luh b ch* c bun+.shu h schs0bh ch* ch cu c<4 sg.
HHRUL HL @S"LCH Cr!ul sh *n cc h sc rctrh#c c*nd s!hrth *s c c*4ts#t!hrc&F

K*scc cb*) <n 0s4ch*c sns hbsl cunbh4 c c*c4 c*c 4s dcsc*c4 c*c. Hl3ss hdhug+ s h*c 4s s h % undc nu c s hbsls h cA&. Mh*c )*c/cd*c cs c s+ <n/c3s h )*c/cns dcclsnul dc ncbcbls hl uncs *b3s nc)b bls c. Sub sls h c dc Duc+ b* cC)c* % h 4 s s+ c *c *hgs cu c<4 sg% h uncs c<nd )*bs)c*s h ch c <n Dbc% sh* ncnb*bcs*ch h < dc hdc/+*h +. Mhs bsnc s+"3s scs csns ch lh s)snh*c dcc< s+ h4 c)3s Dh)ch sb*3ss% ch*c bbs4nusc4 c s+ sc hlchg+"n cls)+ cu c<4 sgul 0ul b* bch.ss. C+ <s ls)sc4 c ch s h b*nscsc ccch cc"s )*ssbsc4 c ch 2c0csc% sh + cc *cg*c + unss )+3s3s. s 0h*chs.ul dc Mh*sgnhnb h hd+ugh %
B' A9
*nchss!hrc6 Sc *c2c*+ lh ch) s/s h ch lus K*hncssc S <n h4h"nu0s h Tb**c dc lbs LuDhncs% dsn Mhd*sd. ... c*4ts#t!hrc6 C2. Br., 68. A& ... sth!slsthtc6 Bh llb*s 4s Pc*hl h ;BG. BC S% ). 7B8E h *hg h cn3sh c+ )cn *u <n3clcgc*ch hccs us )*s0 )h*hg*h2 *cbusc s+ h/c0 <n /cdc*c <0)*cDu*h*ch c+ 2slb.b2sh )bls sc+ h /*c0ss sc hCh )c %.*h3sunch dc s h "% <n /*c0c cc G*hcs1n 4s cbn c0)b*hnss s+s )c*cc)chu b 0hs hcu % <n S)hnsh% bc0hs sns hbsls h ch s h ulus. <n *hducc*c% cchs/hl+0 s). csthd! )*sn dbu+ cu/sn c% >s h*c" 4s >s h ". A9
CRBUL
ch s+"& cbnsblc.c )c <0)+*h lh Mc .% c+ n"h*c nu0hs ncs h b*nscsc dc 2c0csc% cs 4s u4u*+ h c dc 2h + c<nd h*c dc"h 2hcc cu 2l+c+sA7. Cu unul .sc <ns+ c+ nu s<n ncs h b*nscss u4u*h scc dc 2c0csc% cs hl c*n+*s hlc uncs )*chDus c )*b/sdcn3c. Ns0c*s c ch b+*bh ul s+ 2sc b+*bh 4s h4h? s+ sc hd+)bs chsc+ <n hl h*ul uncs *c)lsc*s bnb*hbslc% )cn *u c+ lh 2cl dc glb*sbhs+ c b *c *hgc*c 2*u0bhs+ ch 4s un h hc /s cDcscA6. S<n <ns+ hsd*b)scs hs nb*bculus% ch*c n"hu +*sh dc h sc <n/sngc )c ssnc. dhc+ Kb* unh lc d+ h)+ lh 0bh*+ A(. Ksc )sld+ hugus + )cn *u hh*ul hccs h 0h*clc <n <sn+scu hl sb*3ss 4s"hl nb*bculus% ccl 0hs 0h*c dsn *c Ch*bls AB 4s chsh* dsn *c c*bs. s"h <ncb*bnh cu un s2<*4s )*udcn bh c ss)*+/slc hccs )*chglb"*sbs <0)+*h . H *su02h hsu)*h uns/c*sulus cu hDu b*ul sb*3ss% sh* lh u*0+ h *su02h hsu)*h sb*3ss <nsc4s. H 4 su s+ sc *c *hg+% )ccc "
lusndu"4s hs 2cl 2h) clc 0+*c3c. s"hu )sc*du hl3ss% ds0)b *s/+% b ch)s hlul dc 2hs0+ ch )cdch)s+ h l+cb0scs lb*. Hu h/u un s2<*4s 0bns *ubs 0h*s <ncc)u u*s dc nb*bcs*c% ch*c% dc s"h* 2s bh.h )c hcchs + s *h hgc0+% 4s"h* 2s )us lh hd+)bs *c)u h3sh. Un sncl h*unch <n 0h*c 4s <nh)bsh <n ss)c ul unus )c4 c )*sns h* )u ch hssgu*h lcg+0<n ul dc ncdcs)+*3cnsc dsn *c Pblsc*h c"A 4s Kb* unh. Dh* )u3sn 0hs <*.su% 0un clc Mschlcnsss h 2bs ch *u *hgsc hl ds/b*3ulus.
HHRUL HL @S"LCH A& A7 cu klcs6 C2. Crst., S% &&% Uns/c*s. &'85% ). &'A. Mh*chs.ul dc Mh*sgnhnb ;<n b*sgsnhl. Mhrsnnd) h 2bs un c+)s hn s hlshn% Gsb/hnns Gshcb0b Mcdschsnb% 0h*chs. dc Mh*sgnhnb ;&('5"&BBBE% ch*c sc )*c sndch dcsccndcn dsn 2h0slsh Mcdscs. <n sluDbh ducclus K*hnccscb S2b*.h. &"h hshssnh )c *s/hlul hccs ush% C b*c #sscbn s. H cbn *sbus lh dc.nbd+0<n ul b+ +lscs dc lh Phdb/h ;&B7BE% h hc<nd b )b.s3sc h cl/c3scnslb*% hlsh3s hs lus K*hncssc & hl K*hn3cs. <n &B78 h *ccu <n sc*/scsul lus Ch*bl Gusn ul% ch*c% <n &BB7% h h hch Mc ."ul 2+*+ h"& )u ch cucc*s. Hnccdb h c )*cluh + nu dsn Prsncspclc lus Mhchsh/clls ;ch). @@#E% cu0 c*cdch H. Cbs c* $Bhlthshr Grhcsn, cd. cs .% ). ''E% cs dsn G. Bb c*b% !p. cst.
A6 A(
lh kcl dc #l!rs!hs... hthc stc7csc. Hsc*3sunc *cluh + <n Br., 7B5. 1!rtunh lc d hp lh "!hr6 <n b*sgsnhl% >sc Scs cs 1 bhslh*sdb cl hguh lh 2b* unh". CC)*cssh c *cluh +. <n *"un cbn cC ds2c* s % <n CrsL, &%5% Uns/c*s% &'85% ). &&.
AB
ccl "hs "hrc dsntrc Chr!ls6 Sc *c2c*+ lh Ch*bl ;Ch*lbsE & hl S)hnscs 4s Ch*bl hl #"lch ;Ch*bl Gusn ulE hl Gc*0hnscs% ch*c s"h *c *hs lh 0<n+s s*ch Rus c% hbdsc<nd <n 2h/bh*ch 2sulus s+u Ksls) hl Sl"lch. AA P!lscrhtc6 Cclcb*h hnccdb + c *clh h + dc Hc*bdb % Sst!rss, SSS% (B"(8% H0hsss% *cgclc Cgs) ulus% nc<nc*c.+ b* <n nb*bcul snhl c*hbsl hl lus Pbl!c*h cs% s*hnul Sh0bsulus% cbn c0)b*hn cu Ps hgb*h% &"h s2+ us s+ gus c 4s h0+*+csunch% *cnun31nd lh ccl 0hs d*hg luc*u. U*0<ndu"s s2h ul% Pbl!c*h cs h*unc+ <n lh*gul 0+*ss% dc )c
H b*bs Bcls.h*scA5% ch s+ dcschsd+ hl3ss bchss% sh* Lunh S)hnscsA8 s"h ccls)sh ch s+ dch lu0sn+ 0ul b*h. Nu cCss + h* + dc h luh )ulsul nb*bculus% dcbh*ccc u0bh*ch lus c hnb*0hl+: nc )*c/sn unclc sc0nc dc dcclsn. P*bs)c*s h ch 2bh* c g*+bs +% c<nd nb*bhcclc sc buluccsc unclc )cs c hl clc% h 2bs b dchunh <ndbsclnsc+% )cn *u c+ sbh* h bbs4nusc4 c s+ scu* c.c s0)ul )*b)b*3sbnhl cu hh <*ul hcu0ulh . Nb*bcul <n/cchs chdc <n dcc*c) s udsnc: 4s ncnb*bcul lh cC *c0c c h)*bh)c dc <nd*c) h*c. Hbul. 0hu*A'% 2*h c hl *cgclus G*hnhdcs% c*h ch) s/ <n Shlb"b*cnh 4s% ch s+"4s dc.0sn + ncnb*bhcclc cbn2s*0h c% s"h )us s+ Dbhcc 4hh% <ncc*ch*c cu*h + h Dbculus sb*3ss. Sbss <n *"hccs ch cu*sc*ul 0b*3ss shlc% c+cs ch nc hlch*g+ 0c*cu cu )b4 h. Hbul cc*u dbu+ b*c dc /sh3+: cb0ssh*ulus s sc )+*u 0ul 4s"s hcb*d+ dbh* h < h c< s+ s2<*4chsc+ )h* sdh <ncc)u +. S"h s)us"b nbcb*ul. 4s"h c<4 sgh /sh3h 4s chsh* *cgh ul% dcbh*ccc% <nhsn c dc"h b s2<*4s% sbss hl 0cshD cu /sh3h 4s cb*bhnh% )c ch*c% )*sn 0bh* ch *cgclus% s lc b2c*ch G*hnhdh. Tb h <3sh hu u*ch dc lh cu3s lh cb*bhn+ c<3s hu 4s cbbb*< dc lh cb*bhn+ lh cu3s . <nghs3s0 0hs lcsnc du0sch3ss ccs gus b4s hs nb*bculus cu hc*u"dulcclc unus ghsnsbn. Sbh* h c cb*sh*+% h4 ch) + s+ sc <nch*cc cb*+bsslc. Cbn *h"/sclc4ugul 2sc g*+bs*ch sn *+*ss <n )b* .
S
)un ch uncs cb*+bss% ccl 0hs )*c3sbs sncl )c ch*c"& h/ch. Du)+ c< c/h .slc% snclul% g+ss <n 0+*un hsclc unus )c4 c% s"h 2bs <nh)bsh <ns+ )bscsb*ulus s+u. Dh* 0bh* ch lus Pbl!c*h *cs h 2bs cu0)ls +? h *hs <n *"b cu*s+ dc )c*sul B*bs cs% sh *h) hl lus Ch0b!scs% h 2bs ucss 4s *+s sgns )c 0un clc Mschlcnsss $s!sd., &79"&7BE. A5 h !r!st Bcls0hrsc6 Gcnc*hl ;c. ('(=BABE <n h*0h h <0)+*h ulus Sus snshn% unul dsn ccs 0hs 0h*s cbnduc+ b*s dc b4 s hs /*c0ss% s"h <n/sns )c )c*4s% )c ch* hgsnc.s 4s )c gb3ss dsn S hlsh. Hcu.h dc cbns)s*h3sc <0)b *s/h <0)+*h ulus% hccs h &"h dc)bscdh dc h/c*c 4s &"h b*bs % )cn *u ch% 0hs <*.su% s)*c s2<*4s ul /sc3ss lus Bcls.h*sc% s+"& *chduc+ <n g*h3sslc shlc. S"h *+s)<nds lcgcndh c+% <n s0)ul ds.g*h3scs% Bcls.h*sc h 2bs nc/bs s+ cc*4chsc+ lh cbl3 dc s *hd+. G*hcs1n <l 0hs cs ch.+ <n P!l. 4s CrsL SS% A. A8 Lunh Sphnscs6 Hlu.sc lh dbn ,l/h*b dc Lunh% 2h/b*s hl *cgclus Juhn hl Sl"lch hl Chs slscs ;&(9B"&(B(E% ch*c <ns+ <l dcch)s ch.+ <n &(B6% )cn *u h"s 2hcc )c )lhc sb3scs shlc% Sshbcl dc Pb* ughl. #c.s 4s Crst., S% &9. A' H!ul, "hur6 Hnccdb + )*cluh + dsn G. Bb c*b% Dctts...
A7 CRBUL
HHRUL HL @SS"LCH Ss"phtsh !h"cnsl!r(F

H u3sn c s+ cucc*c4 s sn clcc ul% dhc+ nu c<4 sgs /bsn3h: 4s 0ul % s+ su)us% b dh + cu hd0s*h3sh% h2cc3sunch. Mul3s% cu <n2+) us*s h)lhudhbslc% <n *c3sn c*cds ul% dh* nu bun+/bsn3h. H dbb<nds hcchs + ss0)h sc uns/c*shl+ 3snc cu0/h dc s ch: ccl 0hs 0ul % dc s *+dusn3h )*b)*sc. Cugc h"/b* hl3ss ds0)b *s/+% c<nd% lh cghls h c dc 0c*s c% h)lhu.clc *+s)und dss)*b)b*3sbnh . Ccch cc lh unul h 2bs 0hgnc hl /bsn3clb* cs c% lh hl ul% /*hD+. Cu <ns+ b dchunh /bs hcb*dh s)*sDsn )*s/slcgsh h* cs. Nu"s dc hDuns c0sncn3+ <n <n.cs *+*s )cn *u ss0)h sh bh0cnslb*% dc4s sc sub<n3clcgc. Lcsnc c s+ c<4 sgs h2cc ul% b dh + hdc0cns cbncc) ul% dcbh*ccc s s0h cbn/bhc+ h2cc3sunch. H s *uns <n chs) 2c*scs 0sDlbhcclc c+ *c hcchs + ss0)h sc bb4 chsc+% dh* nu 4s c+ *c cch h *cgclus s+u% 2uncs ul slus *u ducc dc Gussc5&% )c ch*c &"h 2+cu 0h*c un *cgc% 2h/b*s.<ndu"&% 4s <nc+ 0hs 0h*c hl ul% <n *cc<ndu"sc? hl *cslch% .sc% dsn *c Hcn*scss 2*hncc.s. Kh hl nu0c )cn *u su/c*hns <n b*scc 0bnh*hsc? c+cs lh sn4s h < dc sus)u4s )<n+ 4s nu0clc dcscs2*ch.+ b*hcblc.
Rcgclc hccs h <s <n *cb+ <n *"b .s )c /hshlss s+s? >Cc 2hcc dc Gussc dc"s /*+Dc4 c h4h )c bh0cnsO" R+s)unsc unul% cu* chn cC *h/hghn )*sn unscs h c <n /*c0u*slc hccs ch? >Ss*c% 2hcc*c dc bsnc% cu h0<ndbu+ 0<snslc? )c ccl lh ch*c nu hDung ds*cc <n*<u*s"*slc shlc bsnc2+c+ bh*c% <l h sng )*sn *+s2*<ngc*c: sh* dhc+ nu 2h) c% /b*bc. Nu c cununsc )c ch*c s+ n"b s+*b+ b*chsc+% bb c. lh ch*c s+ nu 2sc nh4% <n0b*0<n h*c )c ch*c s+ nu b bnb*c.c: c cu* cns b*% b0cnbs% 0+*sns0bs% <s *cs)cc + )c b3s% nu clc/c c4 c )c ns0cns 4s% )c scu* % cl cs c *cgclc <n h2cc % chsh* dhc+ 0hscs h ch /bhs *+ <n c2cc ."
S Ss"phtsh !h"cnsl!r. C2. Pssc.% @@SS: Br., (9 4s &97: Crst., SS% 7. Plsnsus ccl T<n+*% <n Phnc#srscul lus Trhshn, h*h + c+ )*sncs)clc nu )bh c 2s subs dc su)u4s% dhc+ cl <nsu4s nu"s subc4 c. H)bs% Hn bnsb Pc*c. /b*bc4 c% ch 4s Guc/cdb% dc hcchs + >g*hcsh dc lhs gcn cs". #c.s HH"BG.BC% ). 76b% nb h 7. 5& ducc dc Gussc6 Hcn*s S dc Gussc ;&BB9"&B88E% unul dsn *c sns sgh b*ss 0+cclulus dsn nbh) ch S2. Bh* blb0cu ;&B57E% hshssnh dsn b*dsnul *cgclus Hcn*sc hl SSS"lch. >Hcn*sc" c nu0c >2h hl" )cn *u G*hcs1n% dcbh*ccc l"hu )u* h c<3s/h hd/c*sh*s dc 0h*c+ hs ch blscss0ulus% sncluss/ Hcn*sc hl #lSS"lch hl Hnglscs.
HHRUL HL @SS"LCH A6
Kc*scs + ss0)h sc% dhc+ h* 2s <n2*+3s "b cu hccch h *cgclus s+u% c+cs nu lc s + <n 2s*c s+ sc cCclud+. B*sc< h* sus3snc Bhsh.sd c+ h)lhudhbsls h ch 0snss *ulus )*b/bhc+ nc<nc*cdc*ch s +)<nulus. s hdc/+*h c c+ hccch h lus Du0nc.cu% h *cgclus 4s h bh0cnslb* s<n *cs g*h3ss 0hs 2*u0bhsc dcc< cclc )c ch*c 4s lc"hu <nchs)us hn scss. <4s dhu 0<nh unh hl csh% <nl+n3usndu"sc us *clc s *<ns: 4s dhc+ c s+ ls)schsc+ unh% 2sc <n b*dsnc. Cch 0hs )b *s/s + /*hD+ ch s+ 2ss subs c s+ subc4 s. #ulgul c <n cC h. c<nd gbnc4 c du)+ csnc/h% dh* 2u*sbs c<nd )*sgbnc4 c. P*s0ul nbbsl hl sus cs lus c% du)+ )+*c*c% cu* cnsh 4s gcnc*b.s h ch? cu hccs ch h hDuns Ts us s+ 2sc nu0s >dcs2+ h*c h uns/c*sulus". Cu/<n ul bsnc/bs b* hl unus su)c*sb* cghlch.+ hc3sunch unus cghl% sh* cu* cnsh unus )*sncs)c <n *ccc dh*ul unus cc +3chn. Dbh* )cn *u c+ 4s"h us h b cls)+ 0hscs h ch 4s h cbbb*< dc )c chl s)*c h"& hDu h )c un 3+*hn h cucc*s 0+*sns0bsul dbn Hlbnsb57 .sdu*slc <n +*s c hlc Ghc cs% )c ch*c% dbh* cu bb0bh*dc% nu lc"h* 2s 4 s*bs <n 0ul c .slc. H sn *h <n <s <n sns0s% sh* h)bs% cu *su02% <n cc h c. Unss )cs c 0+su*+ c*s scs nu"s g+scsc cclus 0h*c dsn *c c+)s hns56% 4s u*sh4 <n *c c*bs% hl c 0c*s c )cn *u hn bnb0h.h lus dcc< bun+/bsn3h bb4 chsc+. Cu h4 .scc c+% <n )lu*hls h ch <n.cs *+*slb*% /*cdnsc+ 2scch*c dc *cnu0clc h)lhudhbsl% hcchs h h 2bs cch 0hs 2c*scs +. CCss + 4s b ss0)h sc h ss b*scslb*% h < dsn hh sc*c% c< 4s dsn nc0u*s*c% )cn *u c+ )cnclc lb* s<n cclc hlc 2hs0cs. Clc )b* *c s.ch.+ nu succcsclc nh u*ss% cs )c cclc hlc su2lc ulus. Hccl 2cnsC Cb*/sn5(% glb*sc h Ungh*scs% bbs4nush s+ s)un+% 4s <nc+ 0hs bsnc s+ )un+ <n
57
d!n Hl!ns!6 Sc *c2c*+ lh Hlbnsb shu Hl2bnsb hl #"lch ccl M+*sns0bs% *cgc hl H*hgbnulus% Ch hlbnscs% Nch)blulus 4s Sscslscs ;&6'A"&(B8E% 0h*c )*b cc b* hl h* clb* 4s 4 ssn3clb*. Ghcth, unul dsn cclc 0hs /cchs b*h4c hlc S hlscs% db0sn+ cbhs h dsn *c Rb0h 4s Nch)blc. H 2bs cucc*s + dc Hl2bnsb ccl M+*sns0bs <n &(6B.
56
cclus "hs "hrc dsntrc cpsthns6 C /b*bh dc Gbn.hlb Kc*n1ndc. dc CA*dbbh ;&(B6"&B&BE% /cs s cb0hndhn 0sls h* s)hnsbl% dcscb*s 0cn3sbnh cu ss0)h sc 4s hd0s*h3sc dc G*hcs+n. 5( kcns- C!nsn6 Hnccdb + *c2c*s bh*c lh Mh cs Cb*/sn% )c ch*c b *clh ch.+ G. Bb c*b% /c.s H. Cbs c*% Bhlthshr Grhcsn, cd. cs .% ). 8'? >Mh cs Cb*/sn% *cgclc Ungh*scs% h2s*0h c+ <ndclc nscs*ch )b *s/s + 0+*c3scs *cghlc c s+"s <n/sng+ )c du40hns% s+ s+/<*4chsc+ luc*u*s /*cdnscc dc h 2s sc*ssc 4s s+ <n snd+ 0<nh cclb* /s* ub4s."
HHRUL HL @S#"LCH
AB
2h) +% c+ 0+*c3sh unus c*bu s + <n dbu+ luc*u*s? s+ <n snd+ 0<nh ss)*+/slb* 4s )cnclb*% dcbh*ccc slb/clc dc hu* )c*)c uch.+ /c4nscsc.
HHRUL HL @SSS"LCH Dcsprc dc0sn !lturh%+

Uc.sn/bl u*h% su2lc hl b*sc+*cs <n.cs *+*s% /sh3+ h b*sc+*cs dcs+"/<*4s*s% clcghn3+ h hc3sunslb*% g*h3sc h cu/sn clb* 4s /*hD+ h b*sc+*us bun"gus % scducc sn clsgcn3h 4s dcs2sdc cC)lsch3sh. Cs c un *clsc2 hl *clsc2u*slb* 4s cs c b 2*u0usc3c cscn3shl+. Cclclhl c <n.cs *+*s <0)bdbbcsc nh u*h% dh* 2h*0ccul *clsc2ch.+ <nsc4s <n.cs *+*slc. Hs 2cl <nc< c )c*2cc3sunc h <nsc4s )c*2cc3sunss% cu 2*u0usc3c su)c*sbh*+% cu g*h3sc uns/c*shl+. Cbns + <n *"b hnu0s + dss snc3sc% <n *"b clcghn3+ sndscsbsl+% h < <n /b*b+% c< 4s <n 2h) +% )<n+ 4s <n cugc h*c. Cs c <nn+scu <n cch 0hs 0h*c 0+su*+% cs c <ndh b*h bbsc*/+*ss <n cch 0hs 0sc+ 0+su*+. P<n+ hcu0 nu s"h su)us nscsbdh + /*cunus )*ccc) % 0c*cu su)c*sb* b*sc+*cs h* c. Ch unus *+)s b* hl gus ulus% s s"h .ss c<*lsg: dh b*s + s0)c*cc)" sls +3ss% g*h3sc: dh b*s + <nsu2lc3s*ss% h *hc3sc: dh b*s + scduc3scs% dc.sn/bl u*+: dh b*s + <nlcsns*ss% dcghDh*c? c+cs bh c hccs c nu0c s lc"hu c+u h db*sn3h 4s hnc/bsn3h dc h"& dcsc*sc. SS b2cns+0 dhc+"& cbn2und+0 cu <nlcsns*ch: b lhs+ 2bh* c 0ul <n u*0+ 4s <n *ccc s *+lucs*ch. Dc4s b*scc dc.sn/bl u*+ )*csu)unc h)lb0b% hdhug+ <ns+ dcs+/<*4s*c. Hc3sunslc <4s hu Lucsnh5A lb*% 4s sc4s*ch cu bsnc s sc dh b*c4 c 2h*0cculus% 2ssndc+ cl lc 0b4 cnc4 c nh4 c*ch. K+*+ ch% cch 0hs bun+ *chls.h*c cs c 0bh* +% cch 0hs 0h*c )c*2cc3sunc% sch*b+d+. s nu cs c h < dc hccsdcn hl+% <nc< s+ nu 2sc
uncb*s )*sncs)hl+? nu c dbh* <n sluDbh b*nh0cn ulus% cs s)*sDsn+ 0sc.ul. C+cs% dhc+ c su2lc hl 2*u0usc3ss% c s)s*s hl )*udcn3cs: dhc+ c su2lu hl scls)s*ss% c /sh3+ h cu*hDulus. T*bnch.+ dcb)b *s/+ <n *"un cbnduc+ b* dc b4 s% hl+ u*s dc cu*hD% dc.sn/bl u*h: 4s <n *"un *cgc. lh )h*s h c cu )*udcn3h. Nu"& *ccunb4 s 0hs )u3sn <n .suh uncs b+ +lss du)+ <nd*+.nchlh dc.sn/bl +% ch du)+ dsb+csc 4s cu*hD. Dc.sn/bl u*h <l 2hcc% 0hs <n <s% )c un gcnc*hl s +)<n )c ssnc% sh* h)bs )c b . Nu hDungc cu0)+ns*ch% nu c su2scscn + )cn *u h )*c3us dc.sn/bl u*h s0)c* u*bhbsl+ h hcclus 0h*c <n/sng+ b* dc *cgs% ccl 0hs 0h*c *s/hl hl Hlcsdulus% dbn Kc*nhndb dcH/hlbs55: s"b )*bclh0c h)lhu.clc dsn ch *ul dc lh Phdb/h. Dc.sn/bl u*h c lh 2cl dc <nsu2lc3s + )c chl% )c c< dc 0+*ch3+ sub un bhldhchsn: )<n+ 4s <n h0/bn d+ s *+lucs*c hscu3s0ss. C*bsc h 2bs h)lb0bul hcclus Tcscu 2*hncc.% Hcn*sc hl S#"lch% c+cs cu 2s*ul dc hu* hl dc.sn/bl u*ss h 4 su s+ shs+ ch2+* dsn *"un lhbs*sn h < dc <nc<lcs . Cs c 4s )bls sc+ dc.sn/bl u*h% 4s <n c0csul cs h )u u s)unc hccl 0bnh*h s)s*s uhl hl uns/c*sulus? >Mhs cs c hl + lu0c dc gu/c*nh O"58
HHRUL HL @S#"LCH Dcsprc hsccndcntul ksrcsc%2
Hh
Lh*ul hccs h sc hnghDch.+ <n *"b <n.cs *h*c h < dc sub sl+% <nc< h* 2s cC)us *ssculus% dsn )*scsnh h*chns +3ss% dhc+ nu l"h* chc.+4us cu*sb.s h ch 4s bbscc3sh. S *+lucc4 c <n *"unss b db0snh3sc <nn+scu +% b 2b*3+ hsnsc+ h hsccndcn ulus% cc sc 2hcc hscul h + 2+*+ cC)unc*c dc )*ccc) c% 2+*+ b h* + h )c*suhssunss. Cc.h*89% c+.u <n ch) s/s h ch )s*h3slb* snsulh*s% c*h cl 0hs s +)<n )cs c cs? lc )b*uncch cl% <n/snsul% 4s <l sluDchu cs% <n/sng+ b*ss. C*h ch) s/ dc 2b*0+ 4s s +)<n )*sn *chls h ch su/c*hns +3ss. Mhs 0ul s+/<*4c4 c un hsc0cnch b+*bh cu un gcs 2c*0% dcc< hl3ss cu bh + s *+dhnsh lb*. Tc0csu*slc lus hu b /sgbh*c hsnsc+% bb3sn<nd 0hs 0ul )*sn ss0)h sc dcc< )*sn lu0sn+.
5B (&
Dcsprc dc0sn !ltur6 C2. Br., &75. Lucsnh6 Ds/sns h c *b0hn+% )*b cc bh*c h nh4 c*slb*% 0cn3sbnh + 4s <n Crst., SS% (: SSS% A. 55 H hl!s6 Kc*nhndb K*hncsscb dc H/hlbs% 0h*chs. dc Pcsch*h ;&('9"&B7BE% unul dsn hu b*ss /sc b*scs dc lh Phdb/h% undc h 2bs luh )*s.bnsc* K*hncssc S hl K*hn3cs. G*hcs1n <l 0hs 0cn3sbnch.+ <n Hsc, L#SS% 4s Crst., SS% 8. 58 C /b*bh dc HlcChnd*u ccl Mh*c. #c.s 0hs sus% Cs., S@% 2snhl. 5' hsccndcntulus ksscscB C2. Dssc., S 4s SS? Br., (7% B9. 89 Cc.h*? #c.s Plu h*h% Dscs phrhlclc, >Chcsh*"% 7.
Ls sc su)unc ch)ul ccl 0hs b*gblsbs% 2+*+ h"4s dh sch0h cu0% 4s ls sc )lchc+ Dudcch h cch 0hs nch <*nh +. Hcc4 sh )b 2s <n bun+ 0+su*+ lcs <n b0cns*c% dcbh*ccc <0)+* +4csc )*sncs)hlul% 4s hnu0c db0snh3sh. Pc lcu% cclclhl c 2sh*c <l *ccunbsc )*sn *"b )*css03s*c nh u*hl+ 4s% 2+*+ h"s cc*cc h cu*hDul% <s 2hc dsnhsn c c0cnclc. H4h 4s )c c*bss hcc4 sh% *cgs nh u*hls% <s <n <0)sn+ *cs)cc ul cclb*lhl3s% 2+*+ h 0hs h4 c) h )*bbh ch)hcs +3ss. Cs c un *clsc2 dc0n dc cb*bhn+: 4s dhc+"s cb*cs)und c0sncn3h sn clcc ulus 4s 0+*c3sh sns0ss% ns0sc nu ls)sc4 c s)*c h cbns s us un 0b b* )bls sc )*s0. S"h /+.u <nsc+unh + <n.cs *h*ch hcchs h db0nchsc+ <n dbn Hc*nhndb ,l/h*c. dc Tblcdb8&% s +)<n 0hs 0ul )*sn nh u*+ dcc< )*sn bun+/bsn3+. H 2bs 0h*c% 4s s"h n+scu s+ 2sc 4s 0hs 0h*c? nscs chsh* <n /b*bs*c n"h )u u sslnscs hccs hsccndcn nh u*hl. Sc dcbscbc4 c 0ul dc b g*h/s h c 0sncsnbhs+% dc b h*bghn3+ h2cc h +% chsn cscn3+ h dc cs hbslulus% nu h < h dhc+ c <nn+scu +% dc4s c 2bh* c h)*b)sh + dc su)+*h*c. Dh* cch 0hs 0h*c b)b.s3sc b <n *c3snc cu nc0ul3u0s*ch 2h3+ dc ssnc. cu nc<nc*cdc*ch <n cu*hDul )*b)*su% 4s 0hs hlcs c<nd dcgcnc*ch.+ <n 4b/+shl+% c+cs s"h* )lcch b hl dss)*c3ulus. S2h ul lus Ch b87% 4s bd*hsl+ h sc/c*s +3ss shlc. h 2bs c+ un b+*bh *cbusc s+ sc *cs)cc c )c ssnc <nsu4s% 4s chsh* s+ sc ch0+ dc ssnc. Csnc <4s )sc*dc 2*sch dc ssnc d+ d*u0 lsbc* cclb*lhl3s 4s% cu <ng+dusn3h sh% b <nlcsnc4 c )c cch s *+sn+.
HHRUL HL @#"LCH Dcsprc ss"phtsh su!ls"

4
=3s <n.cs *h*c dc c*bu s+ nu *chsc+ ss0)h sc )cn *u c*bs. H b hvch )c cch h sbh*clus c dc hDuns )cn *u h 2hcc dsn *"b bu*ushn+ 9 2lbh*ch"sbh*clus% sh* dsn 2lbh*ch cs% cb*bhnh g*+dsnss. #
8&
Hcrnhnd! l hrc0 dc T!lcd!6 Hl *cslch ducc dc Hlbh. su)*hnu0s >ccl Mh*c". Pb *s/s lus Rb0c*h"Nh/h**b ?Crstsc!n, SSS% ).&B&E. G*hcs1n sc *c2c*+ lh 0bdul dc hd*csh*c 2h0slsh* 2blbss dc ducclc dc Hlbh chsh* <n *h)b* u*slc shlc cu nbbslss ccs 0hs dc sch0+% h4h cu0 nu0hs *cgss ls s"h* 2s )u u hd*csh. 87 Skhtul lus Cht!6 H0clb dc lh Hbusshsc% )*s0ul *hduc+ b* 2*hncc. hl Br., h*h + c+ hccs s2h c cbnsc0nh <n Chsus #cllcsus Ph c*culus% Hsst!rsh R!"hnh, :.
HHRUL HL @#"LCH A5
Ss0)h sh c unul dsn *c )*bdsgsslc )ccc lus c hlc nh u*ss: dh* c2cc clc shlc s<n c0cs hl us0s*ss% s<n subscc hl hd0s*h3scs. Cbns + <n *"b <n*uds*c h sns0slb*% )c c<nd hn s)h sh <n *"un ds/b*3 hl /bsn3clb*. Unss <s g+scsc bb<*4sh <n cb*cs)bndcn3h c0)c*h0cn clb*% hl3ss <n 2*+3sh <n *u h4 *s. Hccch n+.usc4 c s+ s+/<*4chsc+ 0s*hcblc% sh* hcchs h 0bns *ub.s +3s. S<n )*bdsgss hlc ss0)h scs cclc )c ch*c sgnb*hn3h bb4 chsc+ lc h *sbusc /*+Dslb*% sh* /ulgh*s h ch% unb* dcsc<n ccc. s cch 0hs cul + )c*2cc3sunc h <ndu*h dss)*c3us*s hlc hn s)h scs% 4s cch 0hs sncul + u*<3cnsc h h/u )h* c dc h2cc3suns hlc ss0)h scs. P<n+ 4s <n *c h + 4s 2ss <4s <n snd Du*ssdsc3sh 4s"4s cCc*cs + .slnsc )u c*ch% c+lc<nd <n )scsbh*c lcgs 4s .+d+*nscsnd )s/slcgss hlc nh u*ss 4s )bls scss. Hn s)h sh unus )+*sn c *+)c4 c *cgh c% sh* ss0)h sh lc d+*usc4 c. Mc*s clc ss0)h scs bb3sn b ul: ch cbn/sngc 2+*+ clbcsn3+ 4s ch)+ + b*scc db*c4 c% <n2+3s4<nd nu0hs )c s3ss dc h*0bnsc nh u*hl+. Ss0)h sh *clsc2h + c ch*hc c*% c s ch dc c*bscs h c? s<n <ns+ unss cu gus "0hgnc % ch*c <n *c3sn hn s)h sc cu dsh0hn ul 4s ss0)h sc cu 2sh*clc. Mbns *ub.s h c h 2s*ss% s+ )b2 c4 s .gu*+ 4s s+"3s 2sc sc<*b+ dc s *+lucs*c. Mbns *u *cgcsc h 2bs Ludb/sc hl @S"lch86% ch*c% 0hs 0ul )*sn nh u*+ dcc< )*sn h* +% *c2u.h 0+*c3sh 4s sc )sc*dch )*sn d*bDdsslc ch cgb*scs )bls scc. Rclsc2 0h*c cs c ss0)h sh hc s/+% dhc+ c subls0+% 4s 0hs 0h*c cch )hss/+% dhc+ cs c c*bsc+. <n/sngc <n /hlbh*c )sh *h cch 0h*c dc lh snclul lus G!gcs 8(% 4s <n c2schcs h c lhn3u*slc cbhnulus8B.
86
Lud!sc hl =S3lch6 #cs s *cgc hl K*hn3cs ;&(A&"&(86E% unul dsn <n c0csc b*ss uns +3ss nh3sbnhlc% dcscb*s 0cn3sbnh dc G*hcs1n% uncb*s c*s sc% )*ccu0 hscs% dsn sc*u)ulc dc )bls sc+ h*ss bc*h s.hn +% dh* hl cb*s hd0s*h s/% cu )*c3us*c )cn *u 0h*ch lus hbsls h c. 8( snclul lus G9#cs6 P+s b* hl *cgclus Chndhulcs hl Lsbscs% G!gcs h dc/cns )bscsb*ul unus sncl cc"s cbn2c*ch sn/s.sbsls h ch dc)lsn+ 4s dh b*s + c+*ush &"h )u u ucsdc )c *cgc% lu<ndu"s sb3sh 4s u*c<ndu"sc )c *bn <n lbcul lus. #c.s Plh bn% Rcpu!lsch, 6B'd% *cluh dc Cscc*b% Dcsprc *ndht!rsrs. SSS% '. 8B lhnurslc tc!hnulus6 C /b*bh dc >l+n3ugu*slc lus Hc*culc" ;>lhs chdcnsllhs dc Hc*culcs"E. S0hgsnch hcchs h h)h*c <n c0blc0h lus Hlcsh s sn s ulh + Cl!Aucntsh k!rtstudsnc prhcsthnts!r $Cl!csn7h c supcrs!hr !rh urss), <n ch*c Hc*culc c *c)*c.cn h cu ls0bh s *+)uns+ dc lhn3u*s cu ch*c"s *hgc du)+ ssnc )c bh0cns% ss0"bbls.<nd )u c*ch dc ch) s/h*c h clbcsn3cs. Lucshn lc 0cn3sbnch.+ s*bnsc $Hcrhldcs, 6E ch )c cch 0hs su*)*sn.+ bh*c *+s+ u*+ h *sbus + lus Hc*culc dc c+ *c ccl3s. #c.s 4s Dssc, #: Hsc., @S@: Crst., SS% 7 c c. ,
U4bh*+ c )b*ns*ch c+ *c 0h*ss bh0cns% *h*+ <ns+ cb*clh3sh. S *sg+ uncb*s sns0h% 2+*+ h hscul h ccbul cb*cs)undc*ss. Lh 4cbhlh subs*ss hccs h c hbcccul% undc )*s0h lcc3sc )*s/c4 c ss0)h sh. Ksc% dh*% dsb+csc <n dsscc*nc*c s+ cunb4 s 4s s+ dbb<ndc4 s ss0)h sh )hss/+. H cn ul s+ sc 2blbschsc+ dc hcchs + /*hD+ nh u*hl+% 4s h* h s+ duc+ 0hs dc)h* c ccch cc h <ncc)u nh u*h. Pc c< dc ncdsscc*n+ bh*c% )c"h < h dc *h h + c s +*usn3h dc h )*c sndc cc/h 2+*+ hccs hh <* 2s*csc 4s dc h 3snc s+ cucc*c4 s /bsn3c 2+*+ 0uns3sh ss0)h scs. Dh* cch *cghl+ cs c *cgsnh <n.cs *+*slb*% *ccc dc hb h*clc )*b"dsgsulus? bh.+ cc h *sdsch s h usc% )u*u*s% dc nc0u*s*c )c )lsn c dc sbh* + )*sclnsc+. Hcchs + hugus + <n.cs *h*c c uncb*s h0b*3s + )cn *u c+ nu hDung )<n+ lh ch su2l+*slc hh <*ulus. Psh *h 0hgnc sc+ nu h *hgc 2sc*ul <n h2h*h db0cnsulus s+u 4s nscs ss0)h sh nu hc3sbnch.+ <n h2h*h s2c*cs shlc dc hc3sunc. H)*b)sc*ch c cch 0hs dc sch0+ dsn *c cbnds3ss% nu 4s h0cs ccul. H cn3sc% hs)s*hn3s lh c*bscs h c? <n hh*ul hccs h *+sh*c un sbh*c hl s *+lucs*ssQ
HHRUL HL @#S"LCH Rcn! hrch "rcscs

H*s0clc hnghD+*s s<n un cCh0cn hl cu*hDulus 4s bh*ccu0 un 0bd dc h scbh c <n lu0c 2hs0h 4s ch)hcs h ch. Nu s<n dc hDuns 0s*hcblc dc )*b)+4s*s ch s+ *clsc2c.c dcbu u*s bbs4nus c 4s% ccl 0ul % b*scc c2b* ul c*sb* c )c scs*c h ccch cc h )*cccdh . Un <ncc)u s)lcndsd% )c l<ng+ 2h) ul c+ )unc <n gh0+ sus bh*c h)lhu.clc% bblsg+ 0ul /hlbh*ch. Sus)scsunch% <n 0h c*sc dc *c)u h3sc% <0)+* +4c4 c lh <ncc)u cbnds3sh )+c+ bsulus% ch*c% b dh + hDuns% nu 0hs sch)+ nscsbdh + dc dss)*c3. R+sh*+ un c*bu cu s)lcndb*s dc sbh*c. T*cbusc s+ )*c2c*c b dchunh <n *c)*sndc*slc 0+*c3c% sh* lh <ncc)u % 0hCs0c. <ndclc nscs*ch bbs4nus + nu )bh c hducc $c%&'c sc4s dsn cb0un 4s nscs ss)*h/h )sg0cc nu )bh c hducc *c)u h3sc dc u*sh4.
HHRUL HL @#S"LCH A'
Dcbu u*slc cCcclcn c s<n chc.+4ss hlc b)snscs% sh* cclc hlc unus c*bu *cbusc s+ 3sn chsc+ cu b su + dc s hdss 0hs sus dcc< 3clu*slc unus b0 dc *<nd. Hccl sbh*c hl c+)s hnslb* 4s gcnc*hl hl c*bslb*% cbn clc c*bsc dc Kucn cs 8A% s"h n+scu <n *u h)lhu.c )c d00ul
sbh*clus% ch*c sc nh4 c dc lh <ncc)u u*sh4 hl s *+lucs*ss. Sn <sh lus hc3sunc h )u u 2s n!nplus ultrh hl unus Mh* c? n"h 2+cu nb/scsh lh 2hs0+% cs% dsn )*s0h .s% h *bs s lcg+0<n dc nc0u*s*c. Cbn *h* )+*c*ss 0hs u u*b*h% cl h <ncc*cus b*h4ul Ch0b*hs% )cn *u c+ c*h ncbbs4nus <n cu)*sndc*c 4s <n cu*hD. H 2bs cunbscu 0hs dcg*hb+ ch c*bu dcc< ch sbldh . Dc 0ul c nc/bsc ch s+ c hchs3s bsnc dc b 0h*c h4 c) h*c. P*s/s b*ul <4s 2hcc b sdcc <nhl +% 2ssndc+"& cbs + 0hs )u3sn )c cl s+"4s s0hgsnc.c ss)*+/slc dcc< )c 2+) us b*ul lb* s+ lc <ndc)lsnchsc+. B ss)*h/+ nch4 c) h + h 2+cu b 0hs 0h*c s0)*cssc dcc< un )*b"dsgsu )*c/cs s dc h4 c) h*c. Mhs 0ul c*c4 c un ccd*u <n )*s0h cls)+ h .b*slb* dcc< un ssb) <n *"un lus *u <n *cg% 2ssndc+ dcbu u*slc *bbus c 2+g+duscsc u*sc4cnsc. Mh*s s<n cbnsccsn3clc unus 0hCs0u0 <n hn cccdcn c? sc /+dcsc )*b cc3sh sb*3ss% 0+*c3sh ch)hcs +3ss% h)lhu.clc uns/c*shlc 4s ss0)h sh bb4 chsc+. Nu s<n <ns+ dc hDuns <ncc)u u*s <nsu2lc3s c% dhc+ )*b)+4s*slc s<n l<nccdc. Nc*b h <ncc)u cu h)lhu.c )cn *u 2cnsC 4s h s2<*4s cu dss)*c3u*s )cn *u /hsslssc. CC *c0clc dss)*b)b*3sbnh c% dhc+ sc <0bsn+% /+dcsc 0bns *ub.s h c. B hsc0cnch ds2scul h c )lcdch.+ )cn *u dcs+/<*4s*ch ul c*sbh*+ h *cnu0clus% ch 4s )cn *u sns3sc*ch lus. Khs0h sc <n/cchc4 c 4s h)lhu.clc <0b+ *<ncsc% lh 2cl ch bh c cclclhl c% )cn *u c+ lcgslc s0)ulus nu cunbsc cCcc)3sc. s cclcs 0hs 0h*s s *+lucs*s% cclcs h sbh*clus% s"hu *c)*b4h 2slb.b2ss scnsls +3s 4s dcc+dc*s <n lu0sn+. Cs c% )*sn u*0h*c% b s *h hgc0+% )cn *u /ul u* ch 4s )cn *u 2cnsC% s+ *cnb/c.c 0+*c3sc% s+ <n snc*chsc+ 2hs0h 4s s+ *chduc+ lh /sh3+ h)lhu.clc.
8A
1ucntcs6 Pcd*b Cn*sFuc. dc Hcc/cdb% cbn c dc Kucn cs dc #hldc)c*b ;&B7B5=&A&9E% nc)b hl 0h*clus ducc dc Hlbh% 0sls h* slus *u% h cbndus ch0)hnss <n *cgsunch Mslhnb% <n Pb* ughlsh 4s K*hn3h% <nhl dc0ns h* 4s g*hndc dc S)hnsh% sub Ksls) hl H"lch 4s Ksls) hl SSS"lch.
Sbh*clc /h*sh.+ b*s.bn u*s dc d*hgul s)lcndb*ss% schs0b+ ch *c dc d*hgul s *+lucs*ss% hs 2cl ch <n *"un ch. )*s/h3sh% 4s <n ccl+lhl nbu h ch s+ <n *c3sn+ hd0s*h3sh 4s db*sn3h. Cc.h*ss slus *hu dsn nbu uns/c*sul <n b*scn ul Rb0cs lb* 4s *cn+4 chu dc 2scch*c dh + ch 0bnh*hs. Rcgclc 0c hlclb*% *cc<nd dsn *"b lu0c <n hl h% h *ccu dc lh b cC *c0+ h dss)*c3ulus lh hl h h )*c3us*ss. Cch 0hs 0h*c )c*2cc3sunc )sc*dc dhc+ c cb sdshn+% sh* <0busb+*slc cu ch su)+*+ )*c3us*ch% dc.gus + h)*ccsc*ch.
HHRUL HL @#SS"LCH Brscc *n0cstrhrc, kr hkccthrc%

#/*scc <n.cs *h*c% b*scc *clsc2% b*scc )c*2cc3sunc% un c*bu *cbusc s+ lc <nc*us c.c <n ssnc: dh* s+ 2hc+ )h*hd+ dc /*cunh% nscsdccu0. H2cc h*ch c bhlhs ul 0+*c3scs. Cbns + <n *"b lhud+ dc ssnc% 0u +? sh* lhudh dc ssnc cs c cch 0hs ssgu*+ bc+*<*c dc ssnc. Pc*2cc3sunch *cbusc s+ 2sc <n snc% lhudh <n ccslhl3s: 4s c b )cdch)s+ 0c*s h + ch )c hcclh ch*c"4s hducc h0sn c )*bs c4 c dc ssnc <nsu4s s+"& dch <n3clc)3c4 c us +*ss ccslhl3s. P*c3us*ch c 2bh* c lsbc*+? nu sc su)unc h* s2scsulus% <nc+ 4s 0hs )u3sn /sblcn3cs. Ch)s ulch.+ 0hs cu*<nd <n 2h3h uncs clbc/cn c +cu c h <n.cs *+*slb* dcc< <n 2h3h bs cn h3scs <n2u0u*h c. Un )sc dc )*c3us*c )*b)*sc <0)scdsc+ 0ul c h)lhu.c s *+snc. P*scc)u3ss Dudcc+ b*scc <n.cs *h*c h2cc h + 0hs cu*<nd d*c) sslnsc+ dcc< nh u*hl+% 0hs cu*<nd d*c) h)h*cn + dcc< hdc/+*h +% 4s hs 2cl h*c lbc 0h*c sc+dc*c <n )*c3us*c. Tb3s nh*cs4ss s<n )*b4 s% ccs hs cugc ulus <ns+% dc b )*bs sc sncu*hbsl+% dcbh*ccc bbhlh cs c <n lchc. Dh* dhc+ )h*hdh dc <n.cs *+*s cs c )*bs sc dc b) 88% )h*hdcs dc s0)c*2cc3suns nu"s /h *+0<nc nscs un g*hd. Unss% ch s+ 2ug+ dc h2cc h*c% ns0c*csc <n ccn *ul cs% dcbh*ccc h2cc ch.+ ls)sh dc h2cc h*c.
85 88
Brscc *n0cstrhrc, kr hkccthrc6 C2. Dssc, &6% Br., &76% 755. pr!stsc dc !pt6 Hlu.sc 0c h2b*sc+ lh rchl dc h !ch! ;*chl dc b) E% 0bncd+ 2b* c dc h*gsn <n /cchsul sss c0 0bnc h* s)hnsbl.
HHRUL HL @#0"LCH 5&
Tsbc*su h 2+cu )h*hd+ dc dsss0ulh*c% dh* n"h 4 su s+ dsss0ulc.c dsss0ulh*ch. Ccl 0hs 0h*c hh* hl uncs h* c cbns + <n )*b)*sh"s dc.0sn3s*c% sh* ccl 0hs 0h*c h* s2scsu% <n h"& hcb)c*s cu hl ul 0hs 0h*c. Mh*c c dc dbu+ b*s csnc cu)*sndc bh c dcs+/<*4s*slc <n cl <nsu4s% dh* )c nscs unh <n )*c3us*ch lb*. Cu b nc)+sh*c gcnc*bhs+ *c.c4 c h cn3sh bb4 chsc+ 4s% cl 2ssnd b*b lh <n.cs *+*slc shlc% <s 2hcc H*gu4s )c ccslhl3s. Hcchs h nu0chsc+"sc 0s*hcbl hl dsb+csslb*? c+cs dhc+ hl clc )c c+*+*s ncbbs4nus c duc lh 0+*c3sc% ch% )c unh b)us+% c cbnducc lh *bnul 2hs0cs% lh )blbgul nc0u*s*ss.
HHRUL HL @#SSS"LCH C"ulhsc *n "!dclc

8u 2bs ls)ss3s <n cch 0hs 0h*c )h* c c*bss 2sc dc cb)ss% 2sc dc cb)ss c*bs% dh* nu dc s0s h b*s? c+cs )h*c"sc c+ cc*ul s"h cC)us 0hs 0ul ch cCc0)lc dc /hlbh*c% dcc< ch )*b)hgh b*s hs nh u*ss. B+*bh3ss c0sncn3s s<n cC c <nsu2lc3s c hlc *c)u h3scs% 4s dc lh cs *cbusc b+*bh ul cul s+ sh lcc3ss dc 0+*c3sc% *c)c <ndu"lc 2h) clc 4s +l0+csndu"lc ss)*+/slc. S+ 2sc )*b)u4s <n 2scch*c ch cgb*sc ccs dsn <s% nu h < )cn *u s0s h3sc% c< )cn *u c0ulh3sc% nu s)*c h 2s u*0h3s% cs <n *ccu3s. Hhslc h 2bs ncsb0n c*bsc )cn *u HlcChnd*u 4s% db*0snd <n 0b*0<n ul s+u% h dc4 c) h <n *"<nsul db*sn3h dc h"s <n *ccc 2hs0h. H/<n h ul 0hccdbn h dcschss bchss )l<nsulus 4s )*c3us*ss dcb)b *s/+% 4s nu )c Hhslc <ng*b)h &"h )l<ns% cs )c ssnc <nsu4s% ncn+scu bsnc <n *u 2hs0+8'.
L"h bblsgh h)bs HlcChnd*u )c Cc.h*% 4s ccch cc h 2bs Hhslc )cn *u HlcChnd*u h 2bs HlcChnd*u )cn *u Cc.h*? l"h h sns lh
8'
*ntru khs"6 G*hcs1n )*cluc*ch.+ hscs dbu+ lcgcndc ds2c*s c? unh sc *c2c*+ lh HlcChnd*u% ch*c% bnb*<nd s h ush lus Hhslc dc lh T*bsh% nu dc)l<ngc 0bh* ch c*bulus% cs <l 2c*scc4 c 2ssndc+ h/uscsc <n /sh3+ un )*sc cn c*cdsncsbs 4s% du)+ 0bh* c% un )bc 2hs0bs ch*c s"h c<n h 2h) clc dc /s cDsc ;Plu h*h% Dscs phrhlclc, >HlcChnd*u"% &BE: cchlhl + lh Cc.h*% ch*c% cs snd cc/h dcs)*c HlcChnd*u% <n s0) cc sc h2lh <n *"b hb+*+ <n S)hnsh% h* 2s )l<ns% dh* nu dc Dhlch 0b*3ss lus% cs g<ndsndu"sc c+% lh /<*s h )c ch*c b h/ch cl h uncs% HlcChnd*u cucc*ssc h < ch 3+*s% )c c<nd cl nu 2+cusc nscs b 2h) + s *+lucs + ;Plu h*h% !p.csL, >Chcsh*"% &&E.
cbh*dh ss03s bh*c% lh gcnc*b.s h ch sns0ss% 4s h <nhsn h h < dc 0ul % <nc< h )us 2hs0h <n cbn *b/c*s+ 4s 0+*c3sh <n cb0)h*h3sc: 4s dhc+ HlcChnd*u h )*c2+cu B*scn ul <n ch *u hugus )cn *u ss)*+/slc lus% Cc.h*% Bccsdcn ul% )cn *u hlc lus <nsu4s. M+*sns0bsul dbn Hlbnsb hl H*hgbnulus 4s Nch)blclus s)unch c+ )c gcnc*bsul bsds/su nu"& <ndch0n+ *<0bs3h h4h cu0 <l <n2l+c+*h )c cl gbh*nh 2hs0cs cc.h*scc '9. s s+ sc sh nb + cu0 <4s 0b4 cncsc hcc4 s c*bs )*sn c0ulh3sc 0+*c3sh% 4s )*sn 0+*c3sc 2hs0h. <n b*scc sluDb+ c csnc/h ch*c bcu)+ )*s0h clhs+% sh* )c cch dc Dbs% hl csnc/h% dc hsc0cnch. Unss s<n 0s*hcblc hlc cCccl+*ss: hl3ss s<n hn s)b.s hs 0s*hcblclb*. S+ <n/c3c dsscc*n+ b*ul h"s sdcn s2sch 4s% <n hccs scb)% s+"s 2sc bsnc cunbscu + ch cgb*sh c*bslb*% ch hlbgul 2hs0cs. Lss h cclb* dsn /cchs0c h 2+cu "b Plu h*h <n Phrhlclclc shlc: h cclb* 0bdc*ns% Phblb Gsb/sb'& <n Cl!#sslc shlc. C dc db*s 4s b c*s sc+ dcs+/<*4s sn cg*+% dh* cc sngcnsb.s h c sc /h <ncu0c h s"b 2hc+O C u4b* s+ lc sndscs lbc <n s0)% dh* g*cu <n h)*ccsc*c. H* )u ch 2s 0bdcl uns/c*shl% dhc+ n"h* dc/cns 0s*hcbl% 2+c<nd dc )*ssbs b*scc s0s h3sc% bcu)<nd bh + hd0s*h3sh% 0bnh*hul c*bslb*% <n <sh 0snunc dsn *c cclc <nsu2lc3s c hlc lu0ss 4s hl )h *ulch dsn *c Ksls)ss S)hnscs: c+cs sbh*clus Hus *scs s sc cu/cnch h )h *h s2c*+'7. Ksc bglsnd+ uns/c*shl+ csnc *c)*c.sn + bh c 0hCs0s +3slc% nu 0hs .sc 0+*c3sslc.
'9
#!hrnh khs"cs cc0hrscc6 Hlu.sc lh b h2s*0h3sc h *cgclus Hl2bnsb hl #"lch ccl M+*sns0bs hl H*hgbnulus 4s Nch)blclus. *clh h + dc Hn bnsb Phnb*0s hnb% Ls!r! dc l!s dsch!s 9 hcch!s dcl Rc9 D!n Hl!ns!, Hn/c*s% &BB(% 2bl. 6B /. '& Ph!l! Gs! s!6 <n b*gsnhl% 8! s!, ss b*sc s hlshn ;&(86"&BB7E% hu b* cclcb*u <n c)bc+% 2*cc/cn cs h 4s u sls.h dc G*hcs1n% ch*c hscs sc *c2c*+ lh sc*sc*slc shlc Cl!#sh d!ct!r@n sr!ru" sn#cnss sllustrsu" 4s Cl!#sh sr!r " !cllsch srtutc sllus3trsu", *hdusc <n ls0bh s)hnsbl+ dc Ghs)h* dc Bhc.h% G*hnhdh% &BA8. '7 h phtrh skcrh6 Sn clbgsslc hd*csh c lus Ksls) hl S#"lch% G*hcs1n h)clch.+ lh ss0bblss sch hs *hl+% *cgclc 2ssnd >sbh*c"% 2h) cbn2s*0h 4s dc )b.s3sh c/h c*nh*+ bcu)h + dc cl <n succcssunch Ksls)slb*. B*% <n cbncc)3sh h*ss b clsc+ 4s ) blc0hsc+. <nc+ lh*g c*cds h c <n S)hnsh sccblulus hl @#SS"lch% Sbh*clc c/bluh% ch b h )h *h )lhnc +% <n hl )h *ulch cc*? ><n hl )h *ulch cc* sc h2l+ cch 0hs 0h*c 4s cch 0hs bun+ dsn *c )lhnc c% 4s hnu0c Sbh*clc" ;Lsccn3sh ul Mu*csh dc lh Lshnh% C!"pcnds! dc l!s Mcthc!r!s dcl Prsncspc dc l!s 1sl!s!k!s Grsc#!s 9 Lhtsn!s Hrsst!tclcs..., Mhd*sd% &A&B. Cb0)h*h3sh *ch)h*c <n Dssc, S: Gs*.% SS% >Dcdsch3sc" c c. HHRUL HL @S@"LCH
73
Nu0chsc+"sc *s/hlul cb0un hl u u*b* c*bslb* csnc c ccn *ul u u*b* ss)*+/slb* lb*% 4s h)lhu.clc s+ sc cbn2undc <n blh.bhnc cu c0sncn h )lu*hls h c? 2c*scs ul% )*sn nb*bcul s+u: /s ch.ul% )*sn cu*hD: dsscc*n+ b*ul )*sn sngcnsb.s h c: )*chch blscul% )*sn .cl: 2c*0cc+ b*ul% )*sn dss snc3sc% 4s uns/c*shlul% )*sn bh c.
HHRUL HL @S@"LCH Phshd!- crstsc

L8c4s lh hd+)bs dc bs *hcss0ul dsn H cnh% c*bul c )*s0cDdus dc c*s scss0ul dsn S)hnsh. CC *h/hghn hcclh% s0cdsh l"h* su*ghsuns% 4s h* )u ch"b 2hcc <n *cgsunslc 2hs0cs% lh hb h*clc nc0u*s*ss. Ph*hdbChl hccs h. <l cbndh0n+ s+ )+c+ ushsc+ 2ssndc+ nu )+c+ usc4 c'6. Cs c hh* c*s sc s+ s *ccb*s cc/h scu.hbsl <n )*udcn3+ shu <n cu*hD% )cn *u h <n *c3snc sn/sdsh% )cn *u h h*+ns *chuh"/bsn3+. Hcc4 sh cbnssdc*+ cu nc)u sn3+ s+ lc shl/c.c% chsh* dc"h* 2s un u*sh4 <n s *+lucs*c% 2ssndc+ s<n hh*)ss <n *"h < h% <nc< % dhc+ nu g+scsc )*hd+ Dbsnsc+% bbs4nuscsc h sc <ncu0c h lh ccch cc"s 0hs bun. CCss + sn cn3ss cu b *h/+ *h2snh +% ch*c 4 su s+ *hns2b*0c <n chs) sub sl <n.cs *+*slc% s+ s *scc )c*2cc3sunslc 4s s+ dch b sn c*)*c h*c *+u +csbhs+ cclcs 0hs Dus s2sch c bblsgh3ss. Ksc% h4hdh*% s *h hgc0+ )bls sc+ s+"3s <ng+dus c< c b hbh c*c /cnshl+% ch*c s+ *bhd+ sn/sdsh 4s s+ hbh + /cnsnul c0ulh3scs. s s+ *chc+ d*c) s*shc )bls sc% d*c) cbn *h/cnsn hl )*udcn3cs% dcbh*ccc% n+sc<ndu"sc dsn *"un bc c4ug% h*c ch c2cc s+n+ h ch. S+ *+scu0)c*c sns0h% cC)un<ndu"sc 0u*0u*+*ss% h *+g<nd hsu)*+"4s /cnsnul. Undc 0hs )us c+ b 4b sc h nh u*ss sc"n <0)l+ s+ 2sc )c*2cc3sunc h uncs 2*u0usc3s dc)lsnc. B hluns3+ uncb*s d+ )*slcD *clsc2u*slb* 2*u0usc3ss.
'6
nu pctusc4tc6 C2. Plsnsus ccl T<n+*% Scrss!rs, S@% 7A% &? >Nshsl )ccch % nsss Fubd nbn )ccch " ;>Ssngu*ul lus cusu* cs c c+ nu h*c nscs un cusu*"% *hd. dc Lshnh Mhnblhchc% <n Plsnsus ccl T<n+*% Bpcrc c!"plctc, Uns/c*s% Bucu*c4 s% &'55% ).78BE.
CCss + dc2cc c 2+*+ dc2cc . H 2+cu )h*hd+ dc unclc Hlcsbshdc <n hlc cu*hDulus% B/sdsu <n hlc 0sn3ss% nu0sndu"lc s./bh*c hlc s+n+ +3ssO(. Snu sl 0s sc )h*c hh*ul% 4s 0hs 0ul 0b2 dc <n2u0u*h dcc< cul u*+ dc dsscc*n+ b*.
Csnc c sbh*c 2+*+ ccls)sc% dsh0hn 2+*+ )h +% *cgc hl 2lb*slb* 2+*+ s)snsO Nu c nc/bsc dc h* + hcblb undc nh u*h c dc hDuns. P*ssbsc4 c h2cc h*ch c<nd c su2scscn + ncb+gh*ch dc sch0+.
HHR ULTSM S CBRBHN 1sc cch "hs !un ncstc"ht h c!r!hncs 4s kcnshl *n0cstrrsl!r unus cr!u
/J*scc s *+lucs*c cbbbh*+ dsn )+*sn clc lb* 4s% dhc+ dsn h +l% lh 2ss'B. #s* u ch c 2ssch lu0snss hDu + bh*c% 4s hs 2cl% cu 0b4 cns*c dc s)lcndbh*c. #snh c un 0bns *u )c ch*c &"h lc)+dh b*bs*ch% 4s hs 2cl% 0b4 cns bh*c dc <n unc*sc. B*sch*c c*bu s"h <0)+* +4s h < dsn nb*bc 4s 0+*c3sc% c< 4s dsn /s* u c% dcbh*ccc clc cu*g )h*hlcl% dc lh nh4 c*c )<n+ lh 0bh* c. Lh Shul s"hu ccls)sh unh )c cchlhl +% sh* lh Dh/sd hu *+s+*s dcb)b *s/+. Cbns hn sn h 2bs )*s0ul dsn *c <0)+*h3s ch*c 4s"h .ss ccl 0h*c 4s h 2bs b bdh + )*s0ul <0)+*h c*c4 sn? b*hcbl su)c*sb*% cu0 c+ b dh + cu c*c4 snss0ul% 0+*c3sh s"h n+scu <n2*+3s +. Ch*bl'A% )*s0ul <0)+*h hl K*hn3cs% h dbb<nds hcclh4s *cnu0c 4s h n+.us lh ccl dc s2<n . Ludb/sc% *cgc )*ch glb*sbs% h 2bs 2lbh*c h s2sn3slb* 4s h *cgslb*'5.
2.
s0 !hrc hlc sntss6 CC)*cssh b/sdshn+ cs c >/s/ss 2bn sbus" ;>dc lh s./bh*clc /ss"E% 1hstclc, SS% 7B9 ; *hd. dc Sbn Klb*cscu 4s T*hshn Cbs h% Cds u*h Hchdc0scs% &'AB. ). 57E. G*hcs+n b h)*b)sc 4s dc /c*sc ul ls u*gsc >Tc% Kbns Shlu ss" 4s% )bh c% dc S./b*ul S+n+ +3ss ;Kucn c dc lh ShludE dsn 0<n+s s*ch Pscd*h% h2lh + <n /ccsn+ h ch Chlh h!udulus ;BP"BG.BC &% ). 7A'E. "... lh kss6 C2. Shc., &%&5? >B0nc dh u0 )c*2cc u0 h Ph *c0 lu0snu0"% <n *hd.? >Tbh + dh*ch cch bun+ ;...E dc lh P+*sn clc lu0snslb*". 'A Chr!l6 C /b*bh% c/sdcn % dc Ch*bl ccl Mh*c. '5 Lud! sc...6 Ludb/sc hl S@"lch ccl S2<n ;&7&("&759E% *cgc hl K*hn3cs ;&77A"&759E
HHR ULTSM S CBRBHN
75
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kh !nsul6 <n 0s blbgsh *b0hn+% Kh/bnsus% .cu h 0bs2c*sc hl /<n ulus dc h)us% nu0s dc g*ccs <cph9r!sB )*sn gcnc*hls.h*c% /<n dc h)us% bl<nd 4s 0<ng<sc b*. 5 trsturs snk!r"c6 >K*h.h *c2c*s bh*c lh L *+s+ u*slc sn2b*0cM hlc ls c*clb* lus Kc*nhndb Ch blscul% cbnsc0nh c dc G*hcs1n 4s ch*c hu 2+cu bbscc ul h < b* s)cculh3ss% <4s h*c )*cccdcn ul *c b*sc nc0sDlbcs <n Guc/cdb" ;Hngcl Kc**h*s% 1crnhnd! cl Cht!lsc! cn Bhlthshr Grhcsn, Cs)hsh"Chl)c. Mhd*sd% &'(B. ). (6E% 4s hnu0c <n cb0cn h*sul hccs ush Sh b sc*ssbh*c h *cgclus Kc*nhndb c+ *c )*s0ul /scc*cgc hl Nch)blclus% /c.s Guc/cdb% B!rhs c!"plcths, cd. Kclscsdhd Bucnd2h% Hguslh*% Mhd*sd% &'A&% /bs. S% B!rhs cn pr!sh, )). 59&"595? >... hFucl *c! ! sus 0snss *bs 0hs Fuc*<hn dh* cusdhdb cbn Sb Fuc csc*sbshn Fuc csc*sbs* cbn cusdhdb" ;). 59(E shu? >Guscn lcsh su lc *h Du.ghbh Fuc nb shbsh csc*sbs*: Fuscn lc lcsh% Fuc s sA&b shbsh lcc* ! 0c*ccsh sc* lcsdb" Mhrc! Brut!, <n cd. cs .% ). 859E. PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL
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dsn *c bh0cns% *cbusc s+ 2sc ccl 0hs bun dsn *c bh0cns% ch s+ 2sc )*s0ul dsn *c *cgs% *cbusc s+ 2sc ccl 0hs 0h*c dsn *c *cgs. Kh) clc u u*b* <n c0csc b*slb* hu 2bs <ndcbb4 c h < dc )*bdsgsbhsc% <nc< ss b*sss*slc lb* hu 2bs Dudcch c 0hs dcg*hb+ ch n+scbcs*s hlc c)scss dcc< ch *sgb*s hlc ss b*scs. Hs lb* 4s s"hu s0hgsnh 0hs 0ul dcc< ch )c ns4 c bh0cns% hDung<nd s+"s sns hu*c.c d*c) .cs? s *+snss% c+.<nd <n hl + cC *c0+% s"hu cbnssdc*h d*c) c*bs lcgcndh*s. Clcghn h )hn+ h lus @cnb2bn s"h cbnshc*h glb*sbsulus scc) *u hl lus Cs*us% ch) hl s0)c*sulus )c*4slb*% 4s s"h <n+l3h h < dc 0ul % <nc< 4s"h )sc*du c*cds ul% dcbh*ccc )bs c*s h ch h c*c.u c+ sc*sscsc nu cc hnu0c 2uscsc Cs*us% cs cu0 *cbusc s+ 2sc un 0bnh*h dcs+/<*4s . <n c0csc b*ul unus s0)c*su c bd*hslh )*b)*sulus s+u cu*hD% u*0h4ss lus s s"hu <0)+* +4s dsn 0+*c3sc. S"h 2+cu *cgc 4s h )u us% bs.usndu"sc )c cb*bhnh 0c*s clb*% s+ 4s"b 2+u*chsc+ dsn dsh0hn c. Cs shu sc nhsc *cgs% shu sc 2hc *cgs. Rb0ulus h 2bs un )*bdsgsu dc ch)hcs h c 4s cu*hD% ch s+ <n c0csc.c 0bnh*hsh *b0hn+% h < dc <n sns+ <n s)h3ss 4s dcb)b *s/+ <n
8
T*h h ul lus G*hcs1n nu h*c nscs un 2cl dc sub<0)+*3s*s sn *bdusc dc hu b*. Hu 2bs )*b)usc unclc subds/s.suns% )c bh.h uncs dc0bns *h3ss h0+nun3s c% dc c+ *c ccl 0hs bun cunbsc+ b*% )<n+ <n )*c.cn % hl P!lstscshnulus, Hngcl Kc**h*s% <n cb0)hc h 0bnbg*h2sc ;5&' )).E dcDh cs h + dc nbs. T*h h ul lus G*hcs1n c s udsh hscs ch un )*bdus hl 4cblss )hncgs*ss c s)hnsblc dsn c)bc+% 0hns2cs <nd 4s )u c*nscc *+s+ u*s b*sgsnhlc 4s <nsc*ssndu"sc b bdh + <n *hds3sh bbgh + h bsbg*h2scs )bls scc bh*bcc% cul s/h c h < <n S)hnsh% c< 4s <n S hlsh% 4s ch*c <4s g+sc4 c <n 0scul *h h hl lus G*hcs1n 2b*0h dc 0hCs0+ s*hdsc*c cu*b)chn+. T*h h ul lus G*hcs1n c <0)+*3s % )b *s/s b)snscs lus H. Kc**h*s 4s cbn2b*0 *hds3scs c/sn u)lss c% <n csncs scc3suns >hnh b0scc% cb*cs)un.<nd S. ch)ulus ;ssngulh*s.h*ch c*bulusE% SS. b*h3clb* ;cbn2b*0h3sh lusE% SSS. *unchsulus ;2b*3clc% 0sDlbhcclc 4s 0hns2cs +*slcE% S#% )<nlc"culus ;2ccunds h chE% #. )scsbh*clb* ;)scdcs hlul /s* u3slb*E% lh ch*c sc hdhug+ un )*blbg 4s un c)slbg. Ph* ch S cbns +% du)+ Kc**h*s% <n >ssngulh*s h ch 4s dcsc0nh*ch lus Kc*nhndb Ch blscul ch 2bndh b*ul )c*2cc hl 0h*ss 0bnh*hss s)hnsblc" $pp. cst., )). &8'"&'5E. PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL
/chcu*s. Lc"h l+sh hlb* s+s% <n nu0clc lus sc0ns2sch s/'% dc)b.s h +% ch <n *"b s+0<n3+% /s* u ch 4s% )*b)*sc h c snhlscnhbsl+% cu*hDul% ch s+ bcu)c b cc c 0hs bun <n lu0c% 4s"h 2bs cu h < 0hs 0ul % cu c< h <ncc)u cu 0hs )u3sn. Cclc 0hs nbbslc dsn *c hccs c <n.cs *+*s c*bscc s<n 0hs dcg*hb+ hh <*u*s hlc dcs snulus cclcs dcc< 0c*s c hlc *c.scs )*b)*ss. Kss hs hccs cs ds/snc hlcgc*s su)*c0c hu 2bs % 4s 2*h3s <n *u 0+*c3sc% Cbns hn sn 4s Ch*bl% )cn *u h <n c0csh cclc dbu+ s0)c*ss c*c4 snc% unul <n B*scn % 4s ccl+lhl <n Bccsdcn . Sl+/chsc+ bh c /chcu*slc <n.cs *+*slc dc)b.s h c <n hdc/+*h ul Gc*sbn &9 hl S)hnscs% ccs *cs <n c0csc b*s hs cclb* *cs *cgh c ch blscc hlc cs% dbn Gh*csh Js0cnc. hl Sbb*h*bcs&&. dbn Pclh!b hl Hs u*scs% dbn Hlbnsb Cn*sFuc. hl Pb* ughlscs% ch*c% <n <n *ccc*c glb*sbhs+% hu dc/cns s0)c*ss% l+3sndu"sc 2scch*c )cs c b )h* c ds2c*s + h uns/c*sulus. P*sn cu*hD sc dbb<ndcsc cb*bhnclc 4s sc s h b*nsccsc )*sn )*udcn3+. Lus HlcChnd*u s"h )*ssbss b*h/u*h )cn *u h cucc*s% dh* s"h ls)ss shghcs h ch )cn *u h s h b*nscs% dhc+ nu cu0/h h 2bs sn/sdsc% ch nscs unul dsn *c u*0h4ss s+s s+ nu"& cghlc.c% shu *u2sh dc h nu c*cdc )c ns0cns hl ul ch)hbsl dc hsc0cnch sluDb+. Th0c*lhn h u0)lu B*scn ul 0hs 0ul dc g*bh.+ dcc< dc hu b*s h c% cb0c + bh*bh*+ ch*c% )c c< dc lcsnc s"h 2+u*s % )c"h <l dc lcsnc s"h 4s dcs *+0h % 4s h4h <ncc)ch <n .slclc nbhs *c 4s Guslh/ Hdbl2 hl Sucdscs. Cu nu"& sbcb csc <n c0csc b* hl uncs 0bnh*hss )c"hcclh ch*c s"h dh un bh*cch*c <ncc)u s0)c*2cc % cs )c hcclh ch*c h hlc+ us "b.
'
nu"clc lus sc"nskschts 6 Plu h*h sus3snch ;Dscs phrhlclc, >Rb0ulus"% &E% c+ nu0clc c*bulus s+u h* 2s dc*s/h dsn g*. )cAs*% >)u c*c". Gcrs!n6 Gc*!bncus% *cgc 0s sc hl Sbc*scs% cu hs)cc 0bns *ubs% hlc+ us dsn *cs *u)u*s% 4hsc 0<sns% 4hsc )scsbh*c 4s *cs ch)c c% ucss dc Hc*culc% ch*c s"h dus ncnu0+*h clc cs*c.s <n G*ccsh% lus Cu*ss cu ;h .ccch 0unc+E. G*hcs1n <l 0cn3sbnch.+ dcscb*s% cbnb <ndu"s 2sgu*h )b.s s/. Pb *s/s uncs *hds3ss lbchlc. <n*cgss *h c dc Pc*c. dc Mb!h $Phsl!s!phsh sccrcth, S#% @SE% *s0c0b*h*ch sh h* sc0ns2sch 2h) ul c+ <n S)hnsh *+shu > *cs 2*h3s ch*c db0nchu <0)*cun+% h < dc uns3s% <nc< )+*chu cbndu4s dc un ssngu* su2lc ". G*hcs1n 3snc sch0h 4s dc c0blc0h lus Hlcsh s% C!nc!rdsh snsupcrh!slss $C!nc!rdsh sn sncs!slh), <n ch*c Gc*sbn ss0bbls.ch.+ uns h ch )*sc cnslb* cc nu )b 2s <n/sn4s h < h /*c0c c< *+0<n ncdcs)+*3s3s. C2. Hsc., @@SSS: CrsL, SS% 6. && S!!rhr!c6 snu 4s /cchs cb0s h dsn )*b/sncsh Hucsch% nuclcu hl /ss b*ulus *cgh H*hg1n.
&9
Mul s sc dh b*ch.+ <n )u c*nscul s0)c*su hl u*cslb* /s ch.ulus Bs0hn% ch*c &"h sns3sh % dh* 4s 0hs 0ul cucc*s b*ulus Mhhb0cd% ch*c &"h s h b*nscs <n Cbns hn snb)bl% l+s<ndu"& )c c< dc *cnu0s % )c"h < dc s)b*s . Mbnh*hsh K*hn3cs h s+ds "b /s ch.ul Kh*h0und. H s *b)s "b Clb/ss cu lscbh*ch cc*chsc+ &7% <ncunun<ndu"b 0hs 0ul cu )*cc*c4 snclc"s /s* u3s dcc< cu c*snss <n0s*cs0h3s. C dc hsc0cnch b 0h*c dcbscbs*c <n *c h <n c0csh un *cgh h)h* c 4s b0bgcn% <n sn c*sb*ul uncs 3+*s% 4s h hlc+ us un s0)c*su uns/c*shl dsn ds/c*sc )*b/sncss 4s nh3ss. Hcblb% uns2b*0s h ch lcgslb*% hsc0+nh*ch bbsccsu*slb*% b ls0b+ 4s b cls0+% <n 0+su*h <n ch*c <l uncsc <n sn c*sb*% <l sc)h*+ dc s *+sns. Hcclch4s 0+*s% 0un3ss 4s *<u*slc s<n )cn *u K*hn3h hb h* nh u*hl 4s .sd )cn *u )+s *h*ch cs. Dh* <n 0bnh*hsh S)hnscs% undc )*b/sncsslc s<n 0ul c% nh3sslc ds2c*s c% ls0bslc /h*sh c% <nclsnh3sslc b)usc% cls0clc cbn *h*ss% h4h cu0 c nc/bsc dc b 0h*c ch)hcs h c )cn *u h )+s *h% b dc 0ul + 4s )cn *u h uns. <n c0csc*ch dc s0)c*ss nu sc 0+*gsnc4 c lh un 0bd unsc: 0sn ch h g+ss 0ul c% 4s h)h* c. <n 2clul hccs h h
*hns2b*0h Cc.h* h*ss bc*h3sh <n 0bnh*hsc% 4s s"hu 2bs b h < ch <n.cs *+*slc ch 4s cb*bhnclc. Rb0hnss hu cucc*s cc"s 0hs 0ul 4s 0hs bun dsn lu0c% sh* hcchs h s"h su)us )c *b0hns. H subDugh b h3<3sh *cgs c<3s hu 2bs scnh b*ss 4s c+)s hnss )c ch*c s"h <n/sns. Mh*clc Cbns hn sn h dh )*slcD 0bnh*hscs )bn s2schlc% 4s )c cch s0)c*shl+ h sh h s *+0u h "b hcblb% <n *+s+*s % 2+c<nd dsn h*0clc"s /sc b*sbhsc .sd )u c*nsc <n Du*ul Bssc*scss. H <nlcsns cucc*s*ch lu0ss <n *cgs sub Dugul s2sn cs c*cdsn3c% dhc+ u*0h4ss lus h* 2s 4 su s+"s <n2+) ushsc+ )*bscc ul 4s s+ )*snd+ 0b0cn ul )*sclnsc. Dc dbu+ b*s 0h*c% )*sn cu*hD 4s )*sn shghcs h c% h 2bs Ss0hsl Sh2s% dcbh*ccc 4s"h <n c0csh s0)c*sul Pc*sscs nu )c *usnclc cclus b b0hn% cs )c ccch cc c*h 0hs <n2lb*s b* <n *"<nsul. S"h b)*s cu*sul nb*bculus <n c*c4 c*ch sh 0hCs0+ 4s% )*sn ds/snh P*b/sdcn3+ ;)c d*c) 2h/b*hbsl+ c*c4 sn+ +3ssE% h <n2*<n b*gblsul u*ccsc <n bsul s+u. #sclcnsh <4s h*c )*b)*sul 0bd dc <n c0csc*c% 4s hnu0c s+ )*b2s c 0c*cu dc )*slcD: 4s% du)+ cc dshbnsh ncsbcb s + h su/c*hnslb* c*c4 sns lc"h 0+csnh )c *<nd 2b*3clc% lc"h scc+ us /ss c*sslc% lc"h
&7
h sdst3!... h str!pst3!6 C2. & C!r., 6% 5"8? >ncFuc Fus )lhn h cs hlsFusd% ncFuc gus *sgh " ;>nscs ccl ch*c s+dc4 c nu cs c cc/h% nscs ccl ch*c ud+"E. PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL
85
dss *us 2lbh*ch b4 slb*% hu sc4s cu 2b*3c )*bhs)c c u*css 4s hu )us 0<nh )c b % 2+*+ *c.ss cn3+. Ss b*sslc s<n 0hs )lsnc dc <0)*cDu*+*s dcc< dc <n/+3+*s dc 0sn c. Hn sch glb*sc h2*schn+ s"h /+.u *c<nnbs + <n c*s2ul&6 lb*% bh*bh* <n3clc) ch*c h 4 su s+ Dbhcc cu dbu+ 0<sns% c<nd cu cch h )bls scss% c<nd cu cch h cu*hDulus. Rs/hl hl lus HlcChnd*u 4s sn/sdsbs )c *cnu0clc lus% Gcnghss"Hhn&( h *ccucc*s b B*scn ul% dc lh .sdu*slc Chsncs )<n+ lh )+du*slc Mbscb/cs% l+s<ndu"lc u*0h4slb* s+s% 0hs 0ul <n ghD dcc< ch 0b4 cns*c% *cnu0clc dc Mh*c Hhn hl Th* h*scs. Tb3s hu 2bs ch)s dc 0bnh*hss% lh 2scch*c dsn *c cs 0+*c3sh cugc ulus cb*cs)un.<nd cu cch h s0)c*sulus lb*. Pu3sns dsn *c u*0h4ss lb* s"hu cghlh % 4s chsh* dhc+ hu <0)sns 0hs dc)h* c ls0s clc )u c*ss% nu <ns+ 4s )c cclc hlc cu*hDulus. Sbh*clc scnsn ch*c <n *c b3s s *+lucc4 c c Ch blscul Kc*nhndb% <n ch*c hu c.hu*s.h nh u*h <n.cs *+*s% sbh* h hh <*u*s% sh* 2hs0h h)lhu.c. Cc*ul h cb)sh <n *"<nsul bh c <n.cs *+*slc cclc 0hs bunc hlc u u*b* 0bnh*hslb* <n c0csc b*s% ch s+ hlc+ ushsc+ un s0)c*su dsn b cc c 0hs bun <n 0bnh*hss. H hl+ u*h 0ul c cb*bhnc <n *"unh ssngu*+ 4s% 0+*c3scs shlc nc2ssndu"s dc hDuns b lu0c% nb*bcul 4s ch)hcs h ch lus s"hu dcscb)c*s hl h. H n+.us s+"4s <0)bdbbchsc+ 2*un ch cu )sc *clc b*scn hlc% ch 4s cu )sc *clc bccsdcn hlc% 4s% dhc+ n"h s.bu s s"b 2hc+ <n s0)ul /sc3ss% lc"h h*+ h u*0h4slb* s+s d*u0ul <n*uds*ss? c+cs undc nu h*c cc c+u h 2b*3h% h*c /sclc4ugul. Kc*nhndb&B sc *+gch dsn nch0ul c*bsc hl *cgslb* H*hgbnulus% ch*c <n b dchunh h 2bs 0h0+ 2ccund+ dc c*bs. C dc 0h*c hDu b* shu c )scdsc+ <n dbb<nds*ch cclcb*s +3ss ccch cc 3snc dc 2h0slsc? 2slb.b2sc scc*c +% c2cc /+ds hl su/c*hncs P*b"/sdcn3c% 0hs 2h/b*hbsl+ unb*h dcc< hl b*h. Sc )h*c c+% lh 2cl ch <nsu4s*slc nh u*hlc% sc 0b4 cncsc 4s cclc 0b*hlc% )*s/slcgsslc 4s dc2cc clc% hlc nh u*ss shu hlc sb*3ss. S<n chsc ch*c )bh* + cu ssnc c*cds h* nb*bcul% sh* hl clc ncnb*bcul. Chsh dc Hus *sh h 2bs <n b dchunh )*chnb*bcbhs+% )*bs)c"*<nd /c4nsc <n )b2sdh u u*b* 0h4snh3sslb* hd/c*sh*slb* s+s.
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Jcrskul6 Pc*sbnhD sncc* % Mulc! Hh0c shu Hl0hn.b* ;Hl"Mhnsu*EO Gcn#hss3Hhn6 <n b*sgsnhl% Husn#us. &B 1crnhnd!6 Cch dc"h dbuh scc3sunc sdcn s2sch + dc H. Kc**h*s = 4s ch*c <ncc)c cu hccs )h*hg*h2= h*c ch bbscc .sndsch*ch 4s cbn2s*0h*ch lus Kc*nhndb Ch blscul ch 2bndh b* )c*2cc hl 0h*ss 0bnh*hss s)hnsblc".
88
Cch dc #hlbss% ds0)b *s/+% <n K*hn3h% h 2bs ncnb*bcs +% nc2c*scs*ch hcchs h nu lc"h sc* h nscs )c 2c0cslc )*s/slcgsh c. S<n nch0u*s 2bh* c *+.bbsnscc dsn 2s*c% ch 4s dsn h2cc3sunc% cu0 c hcclh dc Bbu*bbn% sc0snh* dc cbnduc+ b*s /s cDs% hl c+*cs h0cs cc cu ccl dc Hus *sh 2+g+dusc4 c% <n sc*cnsss0ul nbs *u )*sn3 hl S)hnscs% b dh + cu nb*bcul% cu*hDul% s)*c h 2s 0bnh*h hl uns/c*sulus. Ksc"s b*hcbl nu0clc s+u *cgcsc dc Bhhhshr Rc-%&. hlc+ us dsn bh c cclc )h *u /bchlc ch*c s<n lh sns3shlh u u*b* cclb* )h *u )+*3s hlc lu0ss% ch )*c/cs s*c c+ 0bnh*hsh 4s 2hs0h sh lc /b* bcu)h )c bh c. Kh0slsh Cc.h*slb* dc lh Rb0h h 2bs s c*)+ <n u*0h4s% h < <n )*s/sn3h chls +3ss% c< 4s h nu0+*ulus? )cdch)s+ bbs4nus + h s*hnscs. S<n chsc hs c+*b* )*sncs)s sc 2b*0ch.+ cu <n <*.sc*c% dh* ch*c% b dh + cc s"hu *c.s % *+s)l+ csc .+bh/h <ncc)u u*slb* cu un )*bdsgsbs cCccs <n )*b)+4s*s. Chsh *cgslb* H*hgbnulus h dh su/c*hns c0sncn3s <n c<*0us*c. Tb3s dcb)b *s/+ hlc4s% )bls scscns% )+ *un.+ b*s% *+.bbsnscs 4s )*udcn3s? nb*bc *h* 4s /*cdnsc s+ 2sc )s.0us dc bh c cclclhl c *cgh c. S"h n+scu 4s h c*cscu nu <n *<nd+/sc% nscs )*sn *c dcs2+ +*slc *cgclus dbn Juhn. h +l s+u% cs <n 0sDlbcul cclb* 0hs 0h*s hnhnghss hlc lus. Slu0snh3sslc dc lh nh4 c*ch sh hu 2bs 2ulgc*clc bb0bh*dclb*% sh* bucu*sslc cu*3ss hu 2bs *su02u*s hlc *c)c h clb* /sc b*ss. P*sn3 cb)sl% s"h /+.u hscdsh <n chs clul dc lh Gs*bnh <0)*cun+ cu *cgsnh dbnh Juhnh% 0h0h sh% hcch h0h.bhn+ chs slshn+% ch*c h cb0hndh h < ch h*0h c <n Nh/h**h% H*hgbn 4s Ch hlbnsh. Cbn *h unus cb)sl 4s uncs 0h0c% hu 2bs .slc c<nd hsu)*h chs clulus s"hu *hs csncs 0ss dc glbhn3c: dh*% ch 2cnsCul% h sc4s *su02+ b* dsn hccs snccndsu? c+cs bh c *cgh clc )h* h sc 2s cbnDu*h <0)b *s/h lus Kc*nhndb cb)sl% s)*c h s sc su)unc h)bs ch b+*bh dc)lsn.
Dsn *"b cduch3sc c*bsc+ scsc un *cgc c*bsc. D+snusc"n ulcsb* /*c0c <ndclungh + 0s*bsul bun shu *+u hl cclcs dsn <s lscb*s )c ch*c h cbn3snu "b&5. #ul u*ul <4s <ncch*c+ )usul% ch s+ 2sc *cgc hl
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Bhlthshr Rc-6 Bhl hsh* Ch*lbs. 2su hl lus Ksls) hl S#"lch% )*sncs)c dc Hs u"*shs. 0b* )*c0h u* ;&A7'=&A(AE. G*hcs1n s"h dcdsch H* h sn#cns!0stss;&A(7E 4s Dssccrnt!rul ;&A(AE. Sub 2b*0h s)hnsbl+% Bhlthshr Rc9. nu0clc cu)*sndc <n *"hdc/+* sns3shlclc /bchlscc hl cclb* )h *u )+*3s hlc lu0ss cunbscu c )c h uncs? Hssh. H2*sch% H0c*sch% Cu*b)h. Cchs/hl+0 cu hDu b*ul cb*cs)bndcn ulus lh sncsc rc-, *cgc. "... h c!nsnut3!6 Sdcc *cluh + <n Br., 775: )*b/snc dsn Hb*h3su% Cpsst!lc, S% SS% A'"59? >Gub sc0cl cs s0bu h *cccns sc/hbs bdb*c0 cs h dsu" ;>/hsul dc h*gsl+ nbu+ 0ul + /*c0c /h )+s *h 0s*bsu"hbsb*bs bdh +"% *hd. Lclsh TcbdbssuE. PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL
8'
)+s+*slb*% <n *h.clc cu*h c hlc sbh*clus: un )*sn3 c*c4 c )*s/snd 0c*cu s)lcndbh*ch% s *+lucs bh*clc *h.c hlc /s* u3ss 4s bnbh*cs. Mul &"h hDu h )c Hcn*sc hl S#"lch hl K*hn3cs s+ 2sc *cgc% 4s *cgc 0h*c% c+ h 2bs 0u h dsn lchg+n <n cb* . Mhs glb*sbhsc hu 2bs b)sncslc h*hgbnc.ulus dbn Shnchb dcc< )hn b2ul dc h0b*+ hl hl b* )*sn3s% dcbh*ccc hcc4 sh s2<*4csc <n gunbs4 s g*c3bhsc% sh* hcclch <n 0+*c3c 2h) c dc h*0c. Pc cb)slul Jhs0c% cucc*s b* 2hs0bs hl H*hgbnulus% &"h l+sh dc s.bcls4 c <nsu4s h +l s+u% *cgclc dbn Pcd*b: &"h dc cs h chsh* <nhsn c dc h"& .+0ssls% sh* h)bs &"h lc)+dh : cclus c+*ush nu h* 2s /*u s+"s dch )*s0h 2ssn3+ h nh u*ss% nu h /*u s+ s"b dch nscs )c cch 0hs <nsc0nh + h cduch3scs% 4s hscs s"h 2bs ccl 0hs 0h*c nb*bc% dcbh*ccc% <nlbcusndu"& /s ch.ul cbnduc+ b* dc b4 s% cbn clc Ss0bn dc Mbn 2b* s"h 2bs h + 4s )*ccc) b* <n hcclh4s s0)? c+cs )*b)*sss cb)ss *cbusc c*cscu3s ch s *+sns% sh* ccs s *+sns ch hs +s )*b)*ss% <n <sul /c40<n dc ghl+ )c ch*c &"h <0b*+ch h 2bs h*0u*h% 4s gsngh4clc 0+dulh*c sn2hn slc% cc nu 4 shu nscs s+ 0ch*g+% )+4chu 2+c<nd s+ 4s .b*n+sc .hlclc 4s lb*sch. H4h hu 2bs c*cscu3s b3s 0bnh*hss cclcb*s: hcchs h cs c cduch3sh c*bslb*. HlcChnd*u h c*cscu nu <n lh*0h sc*b+*slb* 4s h bs)c3clb*% cs <n hccch h ss)*+/slb* *cgclus Ksls)% h +l s+u% h*+nsndu"sc cu )s.0+% s+ u*<ndu"sc cu db*sn3+ dc <n *ccc*c. H 2bs 2sul cclus 0hs 0h*c *cgc hl G*ccscs 4s clc/ hl cclus 0hs 0h*c 2slb.b2 dsn lu0c&8% ch s+ 2sc ccl d<n <s 0bnh*h 0hgn. Kc*nhndb h )*c.sdh % lh b /<*s + 2*hgcd+% cu*3slc H*hgbnulus <n Zh*hgb.h% ch)hcs h ch"s <n *u b ul dc b+*bh su)lsnsnd /<*s h <n *u b ul dc cb)sl. Th +l 4s 2sul hu *hs <n/+3+0sn c dc lh )*sn3ul dbn Ch*lbs dc #shnh &'? hcclh ch s+ hsb+ 0hs 0ul + <nc*cdc*c <n ccl dc"hl dbslch 2su hl s+u% sh* hccs h ch s+ 4 sc h sc uns 4s <nsb3s cu h +l s+u. <0)+*h3ss *b0hns <4s hDu hu b+ *<nc3ch bs cns + hduc<ndu"s <n 2unc3sh dc cc.h*s )c 2sss lb*% sh* c<nd nu"s g+schu <n nh u*+% <s c+u hu <n hdb)3sunc. H4h &"h hdb) h <n3clc) ul Nc*/h )c /s ch.ul
&8 &'
cclus "hs "hrc ksl!0!k dsn lu"c6 H*ss b cl. Chrl!s dc Dshnh6 Sn2hn c dc Nh/h**h% )*sncs)c dc #shnh ;&(7&=&(A&E% /cs s )*sn cbn2lsc clc cu h +l s+u% Juhn hl SS"lch hl H*hgbnulus% 4s cu 0h0h sh /s *cg+% Juhnh Cn*<Fuc.. Dc lh Blhnch dc Nh/h**h% 0h0h sh% 0b4 cnssc *cgh ul cu hcclh4s nu0c% )c ch*c h 2bs nc/bs s+"& h)c*c h < <0)b *s/h h +lus s+u% c< 4s <0)b *s/h sb3scs hccs ush% ch*c /bsh s+ s"& s0ulg+ <n 2h/bh*ch )*b)*sulus cs 2su.
'9
T*hshn. Hlc+ ushu h0<ndbs un ssgu* *u)? hcclh c*h ch)ul% 4s hccs h b*h3clc% <0)+*3sndu"4s 2hcul +3slc? b+ *<nul )*udcn3h% sh* <n+*ul cu*hDul. s ccch cc bb3snch <nc*cdc*ch <n s *+sns% dc cc s+ nu b )*c snd+ nh u*h <n hs +sO Subs*ch% shu c0c*ch% )+*sn chsc+ c )*hg 2h hl dc s <nc+ cc lc"h /cns dc hhc 0ul b* u*0h4s. L"hu <ng*b)h % <n K*hn3h% )c Ch*bl ccl Snc) 79% <nc+ <nhsn c dc h sc nh4 c% <n *c dcs2+ +*s <0bsc bh*c% d*c) ch*c 0c*cu h 2bs *cgc 0b* . H2cc3sunch shu nc<nc*cdc*ch s"h dus 4s )c su/c*hnss b b0hns s+ n+scbcchsc+ dulcch <nchssbh*c h )c *ccc*slb*% dsn ch*c nscsbdh + n"hu 0hs s.bu s s+ shs+. Pcn *u ch Dsb"nsssbs hl SS"lch hl Sscslscs s+ nu hs)s*c )*ch dc/*c0c lh db0nsc% h 2bs c*cscu ch 0ul3s hl3ss% h4h <nc< % du)+ hccch% nscs chsh* <*.su% nu hu 0hs 2bs ch)hbsls dc ch. Tbh c h* clc sc <n/h3+ 4s <n bh c <ndclc nscs*slc 0cchnscc% chsh* 4s"n cclc 0hs u4bh*c% c un *+s s0) dc uccnscsc. Dbh* cclcs *cgc4 s% ch*c c cch 0hs g*ch% s sc *+)c4 c hcchs + )*c/cdc*c bb4 chsc+. Ns0sc nu c 0hs ds2scsl% .scch Dsbclc3shn% dcc< s+ db0nc4 s bsnc. Unss hDung s+ 2sc *cgs 2+*+ h* + 4s 2+*+ cC)c*scn3+. Nsnus hl SS"lch% 2sul Sc0s*h0sdcs% s"h )b0cns )*sns dcbdh + <n ds2scslh c<*0us*c h unus scc) *u. Chsldc*sc% 2*hncc.ul% s"h /+.u <n 0sDlbcul unus bcchn )bls sc% 4s nu dc lh) c% cs dc s<ngc% bh chsh* dc 2sc*c cu*h +. P*s0cDdsh 0h*c% cC)c*scn3h nul+. Dc hccch% dbn Shnchb hl SS"lch hl Pb* ughlscs h )*sns g*bh.+ dc sluDbh hcchs h 4s% 0hs *+u <nc+% nc<nc*cdc*c <n ssnc% 4s% *cnun3<nd b3s hcc4 sh lh 0unc+% hu *+0hs dbh* cu )h* ch )l+cu + 4s cu s lul dc *cgs% )<n+ c<nd l"hu )sc*du 4s )c cl. Kc*nhndb 4s"h cbnshc*h snc*c3ch sluDbcs bs +4c4 s% sh* b+ *<nc3ch )bls scss. H h/u g*sD+% <n )*s0ss s+s hns% s+ cucc*chsc+% <n ul s0ss s+ gu/c*nc.c. #<*s clc <4s cc* <ndclc nscs*slc lb*? cu*hDul <s *c/snc Dunc3ss% sh* )*udcn3h b+ *<nc3ss. Lh /<*s h /sgu*bhs+ 4s 2sc*bsn c )*hc scs h*0clc <n chs) lcsnscsbs 4s chsh* nb*bcbs? b)snsc h /cs s ulus 0h*chs. dc Mh*sgnhnb7&% cu0)+ns + cu hl )*slcD.
79
Chr!l ccl Sncpt6 Mhs Dbs% G*hcs1n /b*bc4 c 4s dcs)*c Ch*bl ccl Ss0)lu% h4h <nc< s"h* )u ch )*csu)unc c+ h /*u s+ 2hc+ b dss snc3sc <n *c dbs *cgs b0bns0s 4s cu hccch4s )b*ccl+: <n *chls h c nu h cCss h <ns+ dcc< un ssngu* *cgc Ch*bl ccl Ss0)lu shu ccl P*bs % dsn dsnhs sh Ch*blsngshn+ ;8'6'8"'76E% ch*c h cbn snuh s+"4s dss)u c *bnul 4s sub Rbbc* S ;'77"'76E 4s Rhbul hl Bu*gundscs ;'76"'6AE% )<n+ c<nd h 2bs 2+cu )*s.bnsc* 4s h 0u*s <n dc cn3sc. 7& Mhrs#nhn!6 #c.s 0hs sus% CT., nb h B5. PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL '&
T*hshn <l )s.0ush )c HlcChnd*u c+ <ncc)usc h db0ns dc <n+*. nu dsn h0bs3sh )u c*ss% cs dsn c0ulh3sh nb*bculus. Mul b*h% b dh + cu hnss <n2lb*s3s% ls s"hu ss)*+/s <0)*cDu*+*slc 2c*scs c% 4s Pb0)csus h )sc*du lh b+ *<nc3c b cc dbb<ndssc <n /s ch.h"s Dunc3c. H*0clc )*c snd un g*+un c dc c0c*s h c ch*c nu sc hsb* ch.+ cu 0h u*s h ch: 0h*ch chsb.usn3+ h /<*s cs cclcs 0hs <nhsn h c 3snc <n lbc h/<n ul% )unc 2*<u <nd*+.nclss% 4s ccs 2bh* c )*udcn3s n"hu 2bs nscsbdh + 0h*s lu) + b*s. Rc)cdc h dh Dbs )lh b4h ccl 0hs )*udcn dsn *c Ksls)ss S)hnscs. HlcChnd*u <ns+% cu c0c*s h*ch sh. h cucc*s 0hs 0ul dcc< b3s *cgss lhblhl +% cu hc ul lb*. Dccssul Cc.h* h *su02h % cu 0ul h"s <nd*+.nchl+% hsu)*h 0ul cs )*udcn3c h Scnh ulus. s nu c nscs ccl 0hs 0sc dsn *c 2blbhsc 2h) ul c+ h*0clc bcu)+ Dunc3ch )l+)<nd+ 4s b sch)+% dhc+ nu dc /scss% dc dcl+sh*c. B+ *<nc3ch db*c4 c cChc cbn *h*sul% subc4 c )hcch% )cn *u c+ shnh d+ lcgs% <nd*ch) + 0b*h/u*slc% <n +*c4 c *c)ublsch% s h b*nscc4 c s0)c*sul. H <ncc)u ch *cgc hl Sscslscs% slus *+ )*c.scc*c h 0h*ss shlc *ccbl c dc cb*bhnc. H sn *h h)bs <n Chs slsh% ss)*h/+ 0hs hnc/bsbhs+ dcc< cclc hlc Hlcsdulus% chsh* dcc< hsd*h cu 4h) c ch)c c. S s"h /+.u cu*<nd )*ssbsul ch)hcs +3ss% 0+*c3sh cu*hDulus 4s s"h cunbscu c+ h/ch s+ 2sc un )*bdsgsu )bls sc. Chcsh uncs db0nss nb*bcbhsc 4s s.bu s c c s+ b )b*nc4 s bsnc 4s% 2sc"0s <ng+dus s"b s)un hs 2cl% s+ ns0c*c4 s h b )unc )c *bh c. Pc undc h <ncc)u s+ cu*g+% )c"hcblb cbn snu+ s+ *chc+ 2lu/sul ccl bbgh <n h)c% c+cs 0hs <*.su c b s0)bssbsls h c s+"s schs0bs cu*sul. Rcgss hu 0h*s hd/c*sh*s lh <ncc)u u*slc c<*0us*ss lb*. Tbh + )*udcn3h% bh + h cn3sh% bh + sscussn3h b nu s<n dc hDuns <n hccs )unc ds2scsl. Lh dcbu ul d*u0u*slb* cCss + *sscul dc"h b h)uch )c unul g*c4s % dh*% b dh + ns0c*s c% lc u*0c.s lcsnc. Ccl ch*c h.s c *cgc hl 0h*ss Chsnc77 h <ncc)u cu h)h*cn3+% 4s chsh* cu 2hl+% dc <n.cs *+*s )cs c h4 c) +*slc h cn3slb* s+s /hshls% cu*<nd <ns+ cs l"hu s *sch % unss cu un scb)% hl3ss cu hl ul% hDung<nd sh"& )sh*d+ )c ccl 0hs bun *cgc% ch*c h* 2s c c*ns.h 2hs0h.
77
rc#c hl "hrss Chsnc6 <n hnss *cdhc +*ss 4s h)h*s3scs P!lstscshnulus, <n Chsnh db0nch ul s0ul <0)+*h dsn dsnhs sh Msng% Ss.bng ;Zu RbuDshn% &A78=&A((E% shu% <n *hns)unc*ch s)hnsbl+? Tsung"Tc. '7 PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL
Su)u4ss <4s )un 0h*s s)c*hn3c <n sbh*clc ch*c *+sh*c 4s"4s 2+g+duscsc 0c*cu c+ ccl ch*c <ncc)c h*c s+ 2sc 0hs bun dcc< ccl ch*c s2<*4c4 c. b*sc< dc bun h* 2s 2bs hccs h. Kc*nhndb h 2bs )*s0s cu h4 c) +*s dc 0h*c *cgc% 4s nu nu0hs h <ndc)lsns % cs h 4s cb/<*4s hccs c bsnc <n c0csh c n+dcDds? 4s"h dh sch0h c+ ccs cc s +*ushu s+ 2sc *cgc hl Chs slscs nu b 2+cchu ch s+ db0nchsc+ cl: dh* cl% nu" *sndu"lc <n *"hcchs h h0bs3sh h0+gs +% s"h 2blbss dc sn cn3sslc lb* ch s+ lc <n bh*c+ 0hs h)bs <0)b *s/+"lc 4s% <n/sng<ndu"s 4s )c cs% 4s )c clc% h 2bs *cgc *cgc 76. H )*c3us Dudcc+3slc *cgclus dbn Juhn% h +l s+u% )*udcn3h h)h* c )*ccu0)+nsnd 2h3+ dc <nclsnh3sh cb0un+. B h)lcch*c nb hbsl+ h su/c*hnslb* c s+ u*0c.c un d*u0 <n *u b ul b)us *ccu ulus% 2sc dc d*hgul nbu +3ss% 2sc dsn db*sn3h dc <n *ccc*c% 4s hcchs + )hssunc db0nc4 c nu nu0hs <n u*0h4ss s *+sns% cs 4s <n )*b)*sss 2ss% c+cs nh u*h h )u u uns s<ngclc% dh* nu *h3sunslc: sc 0b4 cnc4 c uncb*s gcs ul% dh* nscsbdh + gus ul. Dhc+ hcchs + b)b.s3sc <nn+scu + s"h* 0hns2cs h <0)b *s/h g*c4clslb*% h* 2s l+udhbsl+: dh* s+ nu sc <ncu0c c <0)b *s/h cclcs 0hs 0h*s ss)*+/s% cu h < 0hs 0h*c 0bns *ub.s h c. Ch #cs)hsshn s+ dc cs c 4s s+ 4 ch*g+ u*0clc lus #s cllsus 4s hlc cclb*lh3s 0bn4 *s ch*c l"hu )*cccdh <nsch0n+ h *cs hu*h s0)c*sul% h dh sh ss2hc3ss /s* u3ss. Dh* ch Hhd*shn s+ bs<ndchsc+ s *+lucs clc 2h) c hlc lus T*hshn% ccl 0hs bun <0)+*h )c ch*c &"h hdb*h Rb0h% 4s s+ hDung+ lh h h*c cCccs dc )+*c*c )b *s/nsc+% <nc< s+ *cs *<ng+ hb h*clc S0)c*sulus )cn *u h"s *cs *<ngc 2hs0h% s+ d+*<0c /cs s ul )bd dc )cs c Dun+*c ch s+"s d+*<0c h0sn s*ch% hs h nu c c0ulh3sc% cs h *bcs h c. H h)*bbh b ul c dc bbsccs sgnb*hn3+: h *c)*bbh b ul% *+u h c: ch u*0h4ul s+ *cbushsc+ h 2s nch)+*h )h4nsc dbh* )cn *u c+ )*cdcccsb*ul h 2bs *+.bbsnsc% 4s hs h nu dsn *"un 2blbs% cs dbh* dsn b)b.s3sc nh s/+% nu c *cgul+ h )bls scss. R+ul c c+. <n bsnc ch 4s <n c*bss0% unss cbnssdc*+ s0s h3sh d*c) s0)c*2cc3sunc: <n /scsu sc cbncu*ch.+ <ns+ )c <n *ccu c: sc b 3sn lhn3 su/c*hnss ncglb*sb4s% dh* ccs c*bscs s<n *h*s 4s ssngulh*s. Unus Tsbc*su )l+cu <s u*0ch.+ un Chlsgulh dc cs hbsl? hccs ush un Clhudsus snch)hbsl: lus Clhudsus% )c*/c*sul Nc*b% h4h <nc< *clclc
76
rc#c rc#c6 C2. Dbn Juhn Mhnucl% Cl ls!r! dc Phtr!ns!6 >Cl *c! *c! *csnh: cl *c! nbn *c! nbn *csnh% 0hs cs *csnhdb" ;BHC% @@S% (78bE. PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL
'6
0c*g <n glbh +% 3sn<ndu"sc lhn3. Un Hugus us <ns+% un T*hshn% un Tcbdbssc *c)cdc s<n )sc*du3s dsn /cdc*c% nu h*c csnc s +*us <n h"s s0s h. H *hs lh sb*3s Kc*nhndb 0bnh*hsc hugus +7(. Nb*bc *ccs)*bc? dc )h* ch su/c*hnulus% s+ sc <nsbh*c cu b 0bnh*hsc )c )b *s/h ch)hcs +3ss 4s cu*hDulus s+u: dc )h* ch 0bnh*hscs% s+ hsb+ sb3 )c )b *s/h 0+*c3scs 4s )u c*ss cs. Pcn *u b )lhn + 0sc+% b*scc glhs *+ 0sc+ c c<0) s)h3sbs: un cb)hc u*sh4% un )hl0sc* 2bh* c <nhl % un ccd*u
h/<n h sc /+d sslnscs3s <n /hsul s *<0 % nu sc )b l+3s% nu )b *bnh. Dhc+ un Ch*bl C0hnucl hl Sh/bscs h* 2s *hs lh sb*3s un s0)c*su lh 2cl dc 0h*c ch s)s*s ul s+u gcnc*bs% l"h* 2s l+sh <n u*0+ )c <nsu4s Cc.h*? s"h sslnscs <n )u3sn+ h ch unus s h s *<0 4s% <n lbcul unul sbh*c% cu0 )u ch 2s% h c4uh ch b s ch 0sc+. C un chsn dc ncsu2c*s )cn *u un cugc c*bsc s+ /hd+ c+ 2b*3clc *cgh ulus nu s sc *sdsc+ lh <n+l3s0ch cclb* hlc cu*hDulus s+u. 4s 0h*c 2c*scs*c h nu 2s ssls s+ sn/sdsc.c 0bnh*hsh s *+sn+. Hcn*sc hl S#"lch hl K*hn3cs h )s.0us uncb*s cu*hDul s)hnsblslb*7B. Ds0)b *s/+% c b 0h*c nc2c*scs*c )cn *u b 0bnh*hsc s+ nu hsb+ un sb3 )c 0+su*h chls +3ss 4s )u c*ss shlc. Pblbnsh <l dss)*c3usc4 c ch snch)hbsl )c #lhdsslh/ hl SS"lch: S)hnsh <l dc cs + ch /scsbs )c Kh/slh% sh* )c un *cgc dssc*cds h nscs /hshlss nu"& s)*sDsn+% nscs hd/c*sh*ss nu"s 4 su dc 2*sc+. Mbnh*hsslc 0h*s 4s ds2scslc cc* su/c*hns 0h*s <n ch)hcs h c 4s cu*hD% sh* ccl cu 0h*s <n.cs *+*s *bnch.+ 0hs bsnc <n *"b 0h*c 0bnh*hsc. Cu ns0sc nu s"h 2bs dh b* lus Cc.h* /s ch.ul Ch*bl hl Bu*gundscs: 4s cu ns0sc nu s"h 2bs dh b* lus Bc h/shn 0h*clc Cbss0b hl Klb*cn3cs? 4s dhc+ hu 2bs 0hs )*bsl+/s3s hccsh% n"h 2bs )cn *u c+ c*hu 0h*s b+*bh3s% cs )cn *u c+ hu 2bs 0hs 0h*s su/c*hns.
7(
"!nhrhsc hu#ust6 <n bh c cds3sslc? >Sb* cb Kc0hndb 0bnh*Fu2h hugus b". U*0+0 <nd*c) h*ch )*b)us+ dc C. Cb**ch Chldc*bn 4s hdb) h + dc HH"BG.BC. ). (Ah% nb h &. 7B H ps0"ust...6 >Sn/sdsh lus Hcn*sc hl S#"lch 2h3+ dc S)hnsh )bh c 2s b c*bh*c h lus G*hd1n. ch*c h h *sbus hccs us 0bnh*h b 2*h.+ )us+ dc Mh*sncb Ssculb <n gu*h lus K*hncssc S? LPc c<nd 0c*gch )*sn S)hnsh 4s /cdch snc*s dc /<*s + 0sc+ 4s 2+*+ 2s* dc bh*b+% dh* <ncsn4s b3s cu s)hdc% *cgclc dbn K*hncsscb hl K*hn3cs .ssc? B% )*ch2c*scs + S)hnsc% ch*c nh4 c 4s c*c4 c b+*bh3ss gh h <nh*0h3sQM #c.s Dc lhs c!sh4 "c"!rh!lcs dc Csphnh, #% S. Dc hsc0cnch Clc0cncsn% Slustrhcs!ncs, ). &89." Hngcl Kc**h*s% !p. csL, ). 77&% nb h &'6.
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C<nd 0bnh*hul nu c )c 0+su*h 0bnh*hscs dsn /snh /<*s cs% dc4s h 2bs b dchunh )*s0cDdsbs% 4s <ncc)u hl *usncs cs% b su)b* + cu bh c hccs ch 0hs bsnc% c+cs sc 3snc cu s)c*hn3h: dh* c<nd HlcCsc hl S#"lch G*ccul nu <s c )*sn nh u*+% ch chdc <n dc.n+dcDdc. Mh*c nb*bc c )b *s/s*ch *ccs)*bc+% 4s ch un sbs dc c+s+ b*sc% ch*c dc)sndc dc cc*. s c<nd nu c s+ 2sc% 0hs bsnc s+ )+c+ ushsc+ *cgclc <n *cc<ndu"4s 0bnh*hsh% nu sn/c*s% dh* su/c*hnul s+ sc 2c*chsc+ h uncs s+ h*h c dss)*c3% c+cs )c Cc.h* &"h cbs h /sh3h. Lus Kc*nhndb *cgh clc shlc c*cds h*c dsn H*hgbn s s"hu )+*u s *<0 c )cn *u db*sn3clc shlc /hs c% d*c) ch*c h hs)s*h 0c*cu lh 0+*c3sh 4s l+*gs0ch Chs slscs% 4s% dc hcblb% lh 0bnh*hsh <n *cgss S)1nss 4s chsh* lh cch uns/c*shl+ h h0bclb* lu0s. H db0ns hsu)*h s0)c*sulus <n )*s0ul )+ *h*% 2h) cc cbn *sbusc 0ul lh h)lhudhbsls h ch unus 0bnh*h: 0+*c3sh shu 0scs0ch unus *cgc dc)snd 0ul dc s h*ch 0bnh*hscs% c+cs c 0h*c dcbscbs*c h db0ns <n )*s0ul 4s h db0ns <n ul s0u"s )+ *h*. Tsnc*c3ch <n2lb*s bh*c 4s /sgu*bhs+ .+0sslc4 c cb)ss *bbu4 s 4s /hDnscs? dh* b+ *<nc3ch% /+du/s + dc /cchslc"s )u c*s% ls)ss + dc c+ldu*h nh s/+ 4s hscdsh + dc bc c4ugu*s% )*bducc cb)ss dcbsls 4s sl+b+nbgs% <n bh c 0bnh*hsslc% ccs d<n <s *cgs hu 2bs dc bbsccs /cs s3s% )cn *u c+ b ul <s hDu h <n *u /s* u c: un /s ch. Rb0ulus% un Nu0h 2c*scs % un *+.bbsnsc Hbs slsus% un )*chsn cg*u Hncus% un sscuss P*sscus 4s un )bls sc Sc*/sus hu s h lh <ncc)u u*slc 0bnh*hscs *b0hnc. CCcclcn3h h d+snus 0hs 0ul <n *cgss dcc< <n <0)+*h3ss s+s% )cn *u c+ hccsh c*hu 2sss snc*c3ss shlc )lsnc dc /sh3+% hcc4 sh hs bs cns cs shlc b+ *<nc3s: hccsh /cnchu% hcc4 sh *su02hu. <n2lb*csc lh <ncc)u u*s g*sDh 4s cu*hDul% /snc h)bs <nc*cdc*ch% b u*0ch.+ 0blc4chlh 4s u u*b*h lc )un ch)+ dcs2+ +*slc. Lu0snh3ss *cgs 2*hncs <4s succcdhu <n 0bnh*hsh lb* <n2lb*s bh*c% cu s *+dhnss h b /s* ubhsc% du)+ /cs s ul Clb/ss. Khs0h cch )*bhs)+ + h lus Chsldcbc* <s sblscs h )c Clb h*s% 4s"h hccs b*h )c Dhgb"bc* : dh*% <ncc ul cu <ncc ul% cu*hDul h dcc+.u )<n+ c<nd h hDuns s+ h0cnsn3c cu *usnh )*sn )c *cc+*c3ul Chsldc*sc. Dsn hcchs + ccnu4+ 0bh* + h *cn+scu <n Ch*bl Mh* cl: 4s"h /cns <n 2s*c b*h/u*h ghlsc+ <n Pc)sn 4s h hDuns lh cch 0hs 0h*c /lhg+ h sh <n Ch*bl Mhgnul. Dh*% b% ncs h b*nscsc h cclb* b0cnc4 sQ% s"h /+.u )cn *u h dbuh bh*+ gh h s+ )sh*+ <n Ch*bl .ss ccl Ss0)lu 4s% 0hs 0ul <nc+% <n Ch*bl ccl Snc) 7A. Hscs s"h h*+ h ds/snh P*b/sdcn3+ dc )h* ch
7A
Chr!l ccl Sncpt6 #c.s 0hs sus% nb h &'. PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL
'B
hccs us )*chc*c4 sn *cgh % dcbh*ccc &"h <n.cs *h cu Hugb Ch)c % ch*c h *cs hu*h )cn *u 0ul c /chcu*s 0bnh*hsh% nb*bcul cbn s"nu<ndu"s )*sn h <3sh *cgs 2hs0b4s% unss s2sn3s% hl3ss b*h/s 4s hl3ss <n3clc)3s. C0ul hl h < b* glb*ss% Ludb/sc hl @HS"lch% *cs hu*h b* nc<n/sns hl Ghlscs% h s.gbns dsn <n *chgh K*hn3+ c*c.sh 4s sc c*cdc c+ h*c s+ hlungc dsn bh + lu0ch ncc*cdsn3h? csnc h <ncc)u )c*"sccu <ndu"s )c c*c scs *cbusc s+ s2<*4chsc+ 3sn<nd )sc) 0hhb0cdhnslb*. Du*ch.+ c< /h s0) hcch )*s0+ c+ldu*+ nh s/+ cu ch*c s"h 2b*0h cb*)ul )bls sc hl unus s0)c*su: d+snusc hcch subs hn3+ *hdschl+ h )u c*ss )*udcn3cs 4s cu*hDulus? csnc h 2bs <n s h*c s+ b)*chsc+ h/<n ul cu ch*c h )b*ns nb*bcul b b0hn% )u*u*s <n c*c4 c*c dc lh B b0hn% )*s0ul s+u su/c*hn% )<n+ lh 2c*scs ul Sbls0hnO H 4s dcc+.u <n ccl dc"hl dbslch Scls0. c+*ush s s"h b)us un s2<n )bn s275 4s s"h *c.ss h un 0bnh*h ch blsc78: h s)b*s )*sn dsscb*dsslc su/c*hnslb* c*c4 sns 4s b dh b*s + lb* sc 0cn3snc. B *cc+ bh*c Lsg+ S2<n + h )u u "b 3snc <n 2*<u /sc b*sbhs+% cu h < 0hs 0ul s"h* /cns dc hhc dcc+.u +. P*b/sdcn3h c su)*c0h hu bh*c h s0)c*sslb*% sh* nu bh*bh sbh* + /ulgh*+. Ch lc 2hcc 4s dcs2hcc% lc *sdsc+ 4s lc
u0slc4 c% <n *u hsnscclc 4s )*ch<nhl clc"s scb)u*s? c*cdsncsb4ss d*c) ccn *u hl glb*scs shlc% ncc*cdsncsb4ss d*c) c0ulh3sc 4s )cdch)s+ h hcclb*h% )u*u*s s *+lucsnd% 4s <n unss% 4s <n hl3ss% h*0bnsh )*bdsgsbhs+ h 4 ssn3cs 4s )u c*ss shlc. H 2bs b dchunh un 0h*c h/hn hD s+ succc.s uncs cb*bhnc )h*2u0h c% )*ccu0 @c*Ccs csdh*cs7'% 4s s+ h)ucs scc) *ul <n2lb*s b*% )*ccu0 Dhgbbc* )c ccl hl c*snslb*. Su)*c0 ncnb*bc )cn *u un )*sncs)c s+ hDung+ <n 2*un ch uncs 0bnh*hss <nDbss c% cu b*h/u*h dcc+.u +% lcnch lh 0h*c csns c% /s* u ch su*ghsuns +% /scsul <n *bnh % )u c*slc scc+ us c% *c)u h3sh dssc*cds h +% nb*bcul s)ulbc*h % b ul <0b+ *<ns 4s% ch b chs+ /cchc% h0cnsn3<nd dsn *"b cls)+ <n *"hl h cu *usnh b hl+% dhc+ nu cu0/h )*slcDul /h 2s h4 c) <nd ch)hcs h ch unus #cs)hsshn% h unus Clhu"dsus hl SS"lch% ch*c s+ b *cs hu*c.c: cu*hDul unus Pc)sn 4s hl unus
75 78
un sk*nt p!ntsk6 Ph)h Psus hl #"lch ;&BAA"&B57E. "!nhrh cht!lsc6 Ksls) hl SS"lch hl S)hnscs. 7' csdhrcs6 Slh*h *cgslb* )c*shns% csdhrss, 0cn3sbnh + )*sn *c hl3ss dc G. Cu* sus Ru2us% #shh 4s khptclc lus Hlc-hndru ccl Mhrc, SSS% SSS% c*h un 2cl dc u*bhn <nhl . @c*Ccs s"h u*0h lus Dh*sus ccl Mh*c.
'A
Hugb Ch)c % ch*c s+ b *cnb/c.c? c+cs )*slcDu*slc cc )c 0h*ss bh0cns <s <nhl3+% )cn *u )s scs s<n )scdscs cc"s 2hc s+ sc )*+/hlc. Bbs4nus c ch su/c*hnul s+ su2c*c dc hcclch4s bc c4ugu*s hlc 0bnh*hscs? c+cs 0hs cu*<nd sc ls)c4 c lc h*gsh dc b0ul s+n+ bs dcc< s+n+ h ch dc ccl bblnh/. <n hcchs + Dhlnsc+ s h*c sc h2lh S)hnsh c<nd h /cns s+ db0nchsc+ <n *"<nsh nc2c*scs ul dc Rbd*sgb% su/c*hn cu <n.cs *+*s )cs c 0cdsc: cs h sn *h <n *cgh ch <n *"b 0h*c dc /scss 4s dcs2+ +*s% 2ssnd dc 0ul slcs /cchsul cu*hD gb hl hcclb* Hlh*sc% Ssscbu % Rcch*cdb% Ssscnhnd% Susn slh 4s Bh0bh hs s+s. Tb ul c*h *usnh % )<n+ 4s h)+*+*slc 0h c*shlc% 0b*h/u*slc c*hu 0snh c dc nc*u4snh*ch 4s sncu*sh lus Ks s.h. C 0h*c )u c*ch dcs2+ +*ss% 0h*c /sblcn3h /scsulus 4s% b*sc< h* 2s un su/c*hn% un Mhgnus hl SS"lch 69 hl Sucdscs% dsn 2s*c gcnc*bs% un Nc*b hl cduch3scs c*bscc% ls sc b)un dcs2+ +*slc 4s% <ncc ul cu <ncc ul% hDung s+"s s *scc 4s s+"s dch )sc*.+*ss. Nu0hs <n H*hgbn h ls)ss hcchs + dc)cndcn3+ dc s h*ch 0bnh*hscs% )cn *u c+ b3s *cgss lus hu 2bs cC *hb*dsnh*s% b3s dcb)b *s/+ lu0snh3s% dc lh Rh0s*b S% 4s chsh* dc lh Gh*csh Js0cnc.% )<n+ lh Ch blscul Kc*nhndb: nscs unul n"h 2bs snch)hbsl% nscs )c *cc+*c3 4s% s)*c dcbscbs*c dc hl c 0bnh*hss% ul s0ul h 2bs ccl 0hs bun: h c*cscu /s* u ch cu s0)lus 2s*csc <n *cgss s+s% 2ssnd 0hs 0h*c lh s2<*4s dcc< lh <ncc)u . Kb*0h*ch unus su/c*hn dcs+/<*4s dc)sndc% 4s <nc+ 0ul % 4s dc nh3sh <n s<nul c+*csh *+sc4 c. S<n nh3ss ch*c <4s s *sc+ *cgss 4s hl clc ch*c 4s"s 2hc buns. Pc *cc+*c3ss hss*scns <4s *hns0s chu lcsnc <nclsnh3sslc c2c0snh c *cgslb* lb*% dhc+ 0c*s + h 2s nu0s3s hs 2cl b) 0bn4 *s% )*cdcccsb*s hs lus Sh*dhnh)hl. Lhccdc0bnscnss <ns+% cu0)+ h3s 4s )*udcn3s% cu 2*cc/cn h*ch 4s )sldh lb*% <4s <nclsnhu *cgss c+ *c b 2clul dc /s* u3s. Pc*shnss% dcdh3s 2clu*s b* /scss 4s *sss)clb* nc0+su*h c )c 0<nch*c 4s <0b*+c+0sn c% <4s /scshu *cgss% h4h <nc< nu lc hDungch nscs bh + Hssh )cn *u snu slh 4s dc4h* + lb* sb0) ub.s h c. Mhccdbncnss% ds0)b *s/+% ccbnb0s 4s d*c)3s% scb chu hsc0cnch su/c*hns% <nc< b cc lc ls)sch ch 2hs 4s 2hl+% lc )*ssbsch ch 0+*c3sc dc cugc . Hcchs h c chu.h )cn *u ch*c% <n unclc nh3ss% hu 2bs *cgs h < dc ssngulh*s% sh* <n hl clc h < dc cb0uns. Kscch*c dsn *c nbbslss dsn H*hgbn c*h bglsnd+ h *cgclus s+u% c*h un )*ccc) b* cCc0)lh* hl su/c*hnulus s+u? nh3sc% <n s2<*4s % nu0hs bun+ ch lhbb*h b* dc *cgs c*bscs.
69
Mh#nus hl SS3lch6 Mhgnus hl SS"lch C*s2ssbn ;&6&'"&6A6E. PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL
'5
Kc*nhndb h h/u 0h*s /s* u3s dc b0 4s% <n ccl 0hs <nhl g*hd. )c hcclch dc *cgc. Ccs ch*c hu )b*ns s+ hlc+ ushsc+ un su/c*hn dcs+/<*4s hu hcu0ulh <n.cs *+*s? c+cs c u4b* s+ lc dsscu3s% dh* nu s+ lc 4s dbb<ndc4 s. Hu h/u unss 0h*s /s* u3s ch bh0cns 4s 0h*s /scss ch *cgs. P*ch"c*cdsncsbs h 2bs G*h3shn% dh* 0hs 0ul )cn *u b chslsc dc c+lug+* dcc< )cn *u Dsl3ul s0)c*shl. H*hgbnc.ul Rh0s*b 4s )b* ughc.ul Cn*scb c*hu 0hs )b *s/s3s )cn *u hl h* dcc< )cn *u *bn. Hl3ss% ds0)b *s/+% hu h/u 0h*s /s* u3s dc *cgc 4s 0h*s /scss dc bh0cns: <n HlcChnd*u 4s Cc.h* 4s"hu dss)u h <n <sc h ch cu0 nu sc )bh c 0hs 0ul . B+ +sbsul dbn Jhs0c h h/u unclc dcl+s+*s dc b0 4s c*bscc *c.ss dc *cgc? lh .ccc hns h h)uch scc) *ul cu /s cDsh dc lh *cs.ccs% cu 0h u*s h ch dc lh b su +. <n.cs *+*slc *cgc4 s s<n subls0c 4s dc b*dsn su)c*sb*: clc hu u0)lu 0h*s gblu*s hlc cclb*lhl c <n ch.ul *cgclus dbn Dsns.6& hl Pb* ughlscs. Pu*u*s )*bsl+/s /h 2s Hcn*sc hl S#"lch hl K*hn3cs% )cn *u c+ h 2bs *c0h*chbsl ch *cgc. Ccl 0+*sns0bs dsn *c Hl2bn4s sbcb ch /s* u3slc sluDbcs d*c) )*s0clc <n sblscs h*c ch 4s <n )*c3us*c. Cc 2blbs c+ ccl+lhl Hl2bnsb67 c*h 0h*c 0h c0h scshn% dhc+ )bls scshn nu c*h nscs 0+ch* 0cdsbc*uO s"h )us <n 0sn c s+ <nd*c) c hlc+ us*ch uns/c*sulus% cl. ch*c c*h c< )c cc s+"4s )sh*d+ *cgh ul. Clc0cn clc% dc4s hu 4s cclclhl c chls +3s <n *"un g*hd 0cdsbc*u% )c"hlc lb* )*b)*ss lc hu <n g*hdul ccl 0hs <nhl : 4s chsh* dhc+ cs c )b.s s/ <n bh c cclc% gb ul #h0bh sc dsss0ulch.+% )cn *u c+ c *cgc su)c*lh s/. Nu0hs cu hcchs h 4s"hu dc.0sn3s 0ul h bh*bh*sc b b0hnss: /b*bcsc dc ccs dsn <s% 0hs )u3sn 4s 0hs 0ul dcc< bh0cns% )*sn sncul u*+ 4s )*sn b*h/u*+. Dcs+/<*4s*c ls0s h + b*sch*c dsn hccs ch? c+cs un su/c*hn cb0)lc % un B b <0)+*h % un Clb/ss 2*hncc.% un
Kc*nhndb hl SSS"lch hl Chs slscs sc hlc+ uscsc dsn h0bclc: 4s% nu 2+*+ )*c/cdc*c 4s )sld+% <n3clch) + nh u*+ h dc)b.s h bh c 2hcul +3slc /sc3ss <n ch). Nu cCcludchu <n.cs *+*slc dc *cgc )c cclc dc b0 <n 0h*clc <0)+*h Rudbl2 S% cs 0hs dcg*hb+ sc <n *hDu b*hu. Tc0cs /+ds % c+cs
6& 67
Dsns06 <n b*sgsnhl% 2b*0+ s)hnsbl+ sc0shdh) h +% Ds!nss. P*c2c*+0 <n hccs ch. 2b*0h )b* ughc.+ b*sgsnh*+. ccllhlt Hlk!ns!6 Hl2bnsb hl @"lch ccl <n3clc) % *cgc hl Chs slscs 4s Lcbnulus ;&7B7"&78(E% s*bns.h 4s cu hl c )*slcDu*s dc G*hcs1n.
'8
nu0hs )*sn *c su/c*hnss c*c4 sns hu 2bs unss <n *u b ul dcs+/<*4 s3s% 4s *+0<n+ bs<nds3s% ch b*bs% lh 0u3cnsc ccs dbs )bls scscns ncc*cdsncsb4s66. Ccl 0hs bun dsn *c )+g<ns h 2bs T*hshn: h < dc slus *u% <nc< ch blscss sc )h*c c+ l"hu sn/sdsh )+g<nss0ulus: 4s 0ul3s )+*sn3s hs Bssc*scss% dhc+ nu cu *chls h ch% l"hu s.b+/s dc ul s0h nc2c*scs*c cu h2cc ul 6(. Cc h*c <ns+ dc" h 2hcc cu ch blscul TcbdbsscO Hccs h &"h cghlh <n cCcclcn3h /s* u3slb* 4s &"h <n *ccu <n nu0+*ul lb*. T*hshn sblscs h bnb*u*slc% sh* Tcbdbssc 0c*s clc: hcclh *su02u*slc%
66
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hccs h /sc b*sslc: &"h <n *ccu <n cu0)+ h*ch cugc ulus 4s h *u)ulus% 2su <n s2<*4s hl hcclus 0h*c h*hsc)sscb) hl Mslhnulus6B% bbs4nus s+ .+0sslchsc+ )cn *u Bssc*sc+ 2ss u*sh4s 4s <n *"b s h*c% 4s <n cchlhl +. Hu 2bs dcs+/<*4s3s Hcn*sc <n *c <0)+*h3s 4s Ludb/sc <n *c *cgs% ch db/hd+ c+ s2sn3cnsh 4s *cghls h ch nu sc s <nDcncsc. Ncnb*bcs*c cbn *h*+% s+ nu hs nscs <n.cs *+*s hlc )c*sbhncs% nscs *clsc2u*s hlc sluDbcs. Mul3s hu 2bs su/c*hns dbh* ch s+ lc s)b*chsc+ nu0+*ul. Unul dsn *c cs h 2bs Clhudsus6A% dcs)*c ch*c Scncch h s)us c+ ns0cns n"h 4 su c+ <ncc hsc h 2s% )cn *u c+ ns0cns n"h 4 su c+ <ncc)usc h 2s. Ch*bl ccl Ss0)lu% shu snch)hbsl% *+snd <n K*hn3h% sc 4s /+.usc cbnssdc*h d*c) 0b* . s cu bh c c+ H0u*h 4s Mhhb0cd% h0<ndbs hs *cslch% h* 2s )u u 2s lcsnc bd*hslc h cc/h% 4s chsh* hlc 0ul ulus% 4s"hu )us 2c*scs*ch <n ns0sc. Dh* 4s hcchs h c b cC *c0+ blc*hbsl+: cCss + 0bns *ub.s +3s 0hs 0h*s? c<nd un su/c*hn u0)lc gblul /s* u3slb* cu /scss hbb0snhbslc <nsch0n+ h ducc dc *<)+ b ul. Ms*hcbl cCcc*hbsl 2bs Nc*b% h02sbsu <n *c b0 4s 2sh*+: <n )*s0ss 4hsc hns h *s/hls.h cu ccl 0hs bun su/c*hn% sh* <n ul s0ss 4hsc% cu ccl 0hs *+u. Cc*ul h )*c/+.u un b*hcbl dc )*udcn3+65 ch 0hgss *u hl unus 0bns *u dc *+u h c% dh* dc )u3sn 2blbs h 2bs <n/+3+ u*h hcblb undc s"h <0)b *s/s nh u*h. s cc"h* 2s 2bs dc nu l"h* 2s h/u )c un Scncch d*c) Chs*bn68Q L"h scbs dsn sn2h0sc Hclsbghbhl% hcclh cc h dcgcnc*h 4s 0hs Dbs dccKsss u*sh4s" .+0ssls3s dc cl )cn *u Bssc*sc+ s<n S2. Hugus sn 4s Tcbdbssc ccl Mh*c% h0bss bb c.h3s dc cl. Clhudsus6 Pb *s/s b)snscs ss b*scslb* 0bdc*ns% Scncch <l *sdsculs.ch.+ <n 0bd ncd*c) )c <0)+*h ul Clhudsus <n )h02lc ul s+u Ds s Clhudss Hp!k!l!k9nt!sss $Trhnsk!r"hrch *n d! lchc h ds snulus Clhudsus), /c.s /bs. Scncch% Hp!k!l!k9nt!sss. Pc *bnsu% Sht9rsc!n, *hd.% )*c2. 4s nb c dc Cugcn Cs.c2% Msnc*/h% B.P.T.% Bucu*c4 s% &'A5. 65 Un !rhc!l dc prudcn6 Hlu.sc lh Scncch 2slb.b2ul% nu0s cduch b* hl lus Lucsus Db0s sus Nc*b% /ss b*ul <0)+*h % ch*c l"h ssls <n cclc dsn u*0+ s+ sc ssnucsd+. Dc nb h c+ G*hcs1n <s h *sbusc lus Nc*b b db0nsc cu dbs hns 0hs scu* + dcc< <n *chls h c ;B("A8 d.C*.E
68
Chsr!n6 Ccl 0hs <n3clc) dsn *c Ccn hu*s% 0hcs *u hl lus Hs2lc)sbs% dcscb*s )*c.cn <n sc*sc*slc lus G*hcs1n? Dssc., @#SSS: Crst., &%A% ch)s bl <n ch*c Chs*bn lc cs c c+l+u.+ lus C*s slb 4s Hnd*cnsb. &99 PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL
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PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL &96
)b *s/s3s cu s h ul% n+scu3s lh 0b0cn ul )*sclnsc% cu db*sn3+ dc <n *ccc*c 4s /s cDsc ncsl+bs +. Unus Mhhb0cd cucc*s b* s"h u*0h un Bhsh.sd nb*bcbs: hccs ush% /hDnscul Scls0% sh* lus Scls0% un Sbls0hn 4s*c : 2+*+ h dh lbc% sub hsc0cnch /h*sh3sc dc scc) *c% nscs lh schs0bh*ch sb*3ss dcclh*h c <n 2h/bh*ch sh% nscs lh 0blc4s*ch cu*hDulus 0sls h* cunbscu . C+cs dhc+ h uncs c<nd h*0clc 0c*g cu h*dbh*c% *c)u h3sh cu h)lhu.c% b*h/u*h 0sls h*+ cu b h/<n ul% sh* sbh* h c )*sclnsc+% lh *bn u*0ch.+ un )*sncs)c l+s+ b* shu snch)hbsl% <nsch0n+ c+ b ul sc *+cc4 c. H*hgbnc.ss hu scu u*h cu h < h su3chl+ *u4snbsul Dug h2*schn% )*sn cu*hDul ncsl+bs hl *cgslb* s+s 2hs0b4s% <nc< hu )u u s+*s 4s"n hDu b*ul /ccsnslb* lb* 4s chsh* hlungh <n cclc dsn u*0+ dsn bh + S)hnsh db0snh3sh 0hu*+. Hcc4 sh 0b4 cnchu unul dc lh hl ul nu h < s h clc% ch*c c*hu )u3sn <n snsc% c< cu*hDul 4s ch)hcs h ch% ch*c c*hu )cn *u b lu0c <n *chg+. Mbh*c *cgclc dbn Shnchb 0bh* ch c*bslb*(B% <n cch 0hs g*h/+ <0)*cDu*h*c% c<nd% )c dc b )h* c% hscdshsc b cc h c sn/sncsbsl+% chcsc h *cgh clb* shlc% )bh* + h cucc*s*slb* shlc c*c4 snc% 4s% )c dc hl h% h4 c) h s+"s /sn+ <n hDu b* b h*0h + dc *cgs. <s u*0ch.+ <ns+ nc<n/snsul dbn Pcd*b% 2sul s+u% su/c*hn hl )*slcDulus% ch*c nu nu0hs h su)lsns % cs h 4s cb/<*4s <n 0hs bsnc )sc*dc*ch h +lus s+u. <n lbcul scc) *ulus% h <n42+ch shbsh. <nsc h + dc s<ngc ncc*cdsncsbs% 4s h *+.bunh dsn )lsn 2h hlh dh*d+ )+*sn chsc+% dcbh*ccc% )cn *u un *cgc ucss% h sccc*h h < ch ch)c c <ncb*bnh c% <nc< nu0hs cclc /cnc scc 4s subhl c*nc hu 2bs )h *u(A. S0)c*sslc <4s hu c*c4 c*slc 4s dc)lsn+ +3slc lb*: c*csc )*sn b*h/u*+ ccl 0hs 0ul : sc )+s *ch.+ )*sn *"b 0sDlbcsc% h < h c< s+ nu dcchd+% dc4s 0hs 0ul c 0bnh*hss hu )sc*s 0hs cu*<nd )*sn 0snus dcc< )*sn cCccs dc cu*hD. S<n *cgh c% s<n )*b/sncss ch*c )*c snd lh )*b)*su su/c*hns *+.bbsnscs% )*ccu0 K*hn3h cch 0h*3shl+. Hl clc% ds0)b *s/+% )h4nscs% )*ccu0 Hnglsh% dc4s dh b*s + <n <0)l+*slb* 2blbssn3clc )b /h*sh.
(B
"!hrtch cr!sl!r6 C2. Nu"., 76% &9? >Mb*shlu* hns0h 0ch 0b* c sus b*u0" ;>S+ 0bh*+ su2lc ul 0cu 0bh* ch d*c)3slb* hccs b*h"E. Rcgclc lh ch*c sc *c2c*+ c ccl dc"hl dbslch *cgc hl H*hgbnulus% Shnchb Rh0s*c. ;&9A("&9'(E% ch*c"4s g+sc4 c 0bh* ch lh hscdsul cc +3ss Hucsch% cucc*s + hbsh dc 2sul 4s u*0h4ul s+u% Pcd*b S ;&9'("&&9(E. (A phtru6 Sc *c2c*+ lh cclc )h *u ch)c c dsn hc*hldsch h*hgbnc.+. &9( PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL
Unclc hu nc/bsc ch su/c*hnul s+ <nclsnc s)*c Dus s3sc% sh* hl clc s)*c clc0cn3+: 4s <n hcclh4s s h % du)+ b cC *c0+% h 2bs bsnc )*s0s + cchlhl +. Du)+ un dbn Juhn hl SS"lch 4s un dbn Cn*sFuc% *sss)s b*s% <n Chs slsh% h u*0h b)b* un un )+s *+ b* Kc*nhndb% *+scu0)+*<ndu"4s <ndbs cb*bhnh? 0hs <n <s dc lh )*b)*sss s+s /hshls% sh* h)bs% dc lh du40hns. Bl<ndc3ch sh &"h 2+cu /cs s <n Pb* ughlsh )c *cgclc dbn Mhnucl% du)+ hs)*s0slc )*cdcccsb*ulus s+u dbn Juhn? c+cs cu hcchs + hl c*nhn3+ 4s /h*sc h c dc <n*<u*s*s sc )+s *ch.+ 0hs bsnc
s0)c*sslc. C<nd su/c*hnss *s/hls shu /ccsns s<n 0h*3shls 4s *+.bbsnscs% un *cgc dcdulcs lh )c *ccc*slc 4s dcs2+ +*slc )+css cs c 2h hl% c )*s0cDdsbs 4s chsh* dss)*c3us . Sndblcn3h lus s)b*c4 c *u2sh hd/c*sh*slb* 4s dc.n+dcDdch /hshlslb*. G*h/+ nc2c*scs*c% c<nd c *</ns *cgclc s *+sn. Dhc+ nu cu0/h )bls sch% sscussn3h 4s 4 ssn3h <nlbcuscsc ls)sh )*scc)c*ss 0sls h*c. <n hccs 2cl h cbncu*h )bls scshnul Ludb/sc hl K*hn3cs(5 cu *+.bbsnscul 4s b*h/ul Ch*bl hl Bu*gundscs (8% dc undc sc /cdc cu c< c 0hs /hlb*bhs+ /sclcnsh dcc< )u c*ch. Kc*nhndb s"h <n *ccu cu su/c*hns )c 0+su*h sh% sscuss3s% h cn3s 4s )bls scscns. S<n c*c hlc *cgslb*. Sc <n <0)l+ uncb*s c+ b3s s<n 0h*3shls 4s *+.bbsnscs% cbncu*<nd cu*hDul% lu<ndu"sc lh <n *ccc*c cu 2hs0h. Hu cbsncss hs 2cl <n hcclh4s s0) nc<n/snsul Ch*bl Gusn ul <n S)hnsh% *+.bbsnscul K*hncssc <n K*hn3h 4s b*h/ul Sbls0hn <n Tu*csh. Tus *cs 0h*s cbnduc+ b*s dc b4 s. Kscch*c dsn cs h* ls )us s +)<ns*c )c lu0ch <n *chg+% dc n"h* 2s h/u hsc0cnch hn hgbns4 s: 4s"hu 2+*<0h *ccs)*bc )u c*ch 4s 4s"hu <n2*<nh cu c.hn3h. Hl cb*s% b3s s<n d*c)3s% )sb4s. cucc*nscs 4s 2ss hs Cclus P*ch<nhl . Un Hcn*sc <0)+*h <n Gc*0hnsh% Rbbc* <n K*hn3h% Chnu <n Hnglsh 4s Bblcslh/ <n Pblbnsh. Hl3ss% )c *cc+*c3s 4s% )*sn u*0h*c% l+s+ b*s? un Chsldc*sc <n K*hn3h% un Rbd*sgb <n S)hnsh 4s un Ksls)scbs (' ch nu0c 4s 2h) c <n s0)c*su. Rcgss sc *c.csc unss )c hl3ss 4s sc 4s hdb*0 4s% hsc0cnch <ncb*bnh clb* )+s+*s db0cs scc% sc )*b/bhc+ lh c<n shu lh +cc*c. P<n+ 4s <n c*u.s0c s"hu <n *ccu % du)+ cu0 s"hu cbn2undh lh nu0c% ccs *cs Pcd*b dsn S)hnshB9.
(5 (8
p!lstscshnul Lud! sc hl 1rhncs6 Ludb/sc hl @l"lch. Chr!l hl Bur#undscs6 Ch*bl Tc0c*h*ul% ducclc Bu*gundscs ;&(A5"&(55E. (' 1slspsc!s6 C /b*bh% )*bbhbsl% dc u.u*)h b*ul Ksls))s2bs dsn Bs.hn3 ;5&&=5&6E. B9 ccs trcs Pcdr! dsn Sphnsh6 Pcd*b S ccl C*ud hl Chs slscs ;&6B9"&6A'E% Pcd*b S ccl Nc<ndu)lcch hl Pb* ughlscs ;&6B5"&6A5E 4s Pcd*b hl S#"lch ccl Cc*c0bnsbs hl H*hgbnulus 4s Ch hlbnscs ;&66A"&685E% hccs h dsn u*0+ )u <nd 2s 4s cl% du)+ 0+* u*ss cbn c0)b*hnc% su)*hnu0s >ccl C*ud". #c.s Kc**h*s% !p. cst, ). 7(8. PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL 105
Kc*nhndb s"h hcb0bdh cu )bls sch unus Ludb/sc hl @l"lch% cu )*udcn3h unus )*s0 MhCs0slshn% cu sscussn3h unus HlcChnd*u hl #l"lch% cu 4s*c cnsh unus Lbdb/2b Mb*b: s"h dh 2scc+*ush bs dc *bs% 4s"n cclc dsn u*0+ s"h hlcs cl cu c<4 sg. H 2bs b c*+ h bh0cnslb* )bls scs% sh* Kc*nhndb% 0hgss *ul dc )*s0+ clhs+ B&. Zsc )bls scshn )*udcn % nu )bls scshn /sclchn? c b 0h*c dcbscbs*c. C b Dsgns*c /ulgh*+ lh hd*csh )bls scss s+ 2sc cbn2undh + cu /sclcnsh: unss nu"& cbnssdc*+ d*c) <n3clc) dcc< )c h0+gs b* 4s d*c) ccl 0hs <n3clc) )c hcclh ch*c h 4 su ccl 0hs bsnc s+ ss0ulc.c% s+ dsss0ulc.c% s+ h0+gchsc+% ncb+g<nd dc sch0+ c+ )cdch)sh unb*h ch cs h 2bs <n b dchunh s+ )sh*+ <n h0+gs*c. Dbs sdbls% dbu+ b*hcblc hlc )bls scss /cnc*ch.+ bh0cnss dc s h ? )c Tsbc*su 4s )c Ludb/sc B7? lc *sdsc+"n sl+/s dsss0ulh*ch% lc cChgc*ch.+ /sclcnsh: cu lc h *sbus <ns+ hcchs + *c)u h3sc dc )bls scscns 0hs 0ul cb0cn h*sulus cclb* dbs sc*ss b*s hs lb*% ch*c hu 2bs Thcs 4s Cb0nsncs. dcc< succcsulus hc3sunslb* lb*. Tb dchunh 0s s"h )+*u snu sl+ 4s chsh* nc2c*scs + bh + 0h4sn+*sh lb* )bls sc+% dcbh*ccc s"h hdus )c h0<ndbs )c )unc ul dc h"4s )sc*dc cclc dbu+ cb*bhnc? <n ch.ul lus Tsbc*su% )*sn dss)*c3: <n ccl hl lus Ludb/sc% )*sn dc cs h*c. Cc n"hu s.bu s )*sn *c)u h3sh <n.cs *+*slb* hu )*c sns s+ dbb<ndchsc+ )*sn )h*hd+% sh* ccch cc h* 2s *cbus s"b 2hc+ )*sn subs*c 2h3+ dc /s* u3slc lb*% hu <ncc*ch "b )*sn g*bh.h 2h3+ dc c*u.s0slc lb*. Tsbc*su h hDuns lh ch)+ ul dc.n+dcDdss: s"hu *c *hs b3s h2cc3sunch 4s cl <nsu4s s"h bs<nds lh cCsl )c b snsul+? h 0u*s <n /sh3+% 0bh* c sn blc*hbsl+. Chlsgulh 4s Nc*b hu h/u nb*bcul s+ 0bh*+ dc"h bsnclch% ch s+ nu 0hs ss0 + b2cnsclc )bs u0c% dh* Tsbc*su h 0u*s dbh* )cn *u hu b*s h c 4s h *+0hs ss03s b* lh dss)*c3. Nu c 4 ssn3+ hccch hlc c+*cs c2cc c dcgcnc*ch.+. B)c*clc s<n db/hd+ *cghl+ h buncs cugc +*s. Pbls sc+ snu sl+ cch ch*c s"h *cdus bh + lh sub sls +3s <nchs)us c 4s% <ndcbb4 c% b3s c<3s hu 2+cu ch. dc h* s2scsu hu 2bs *cgs dc 0ul + hs0c*+ 4s dc 2blbs nul. Cu c< h 2bs 0hs bun )bls scshn Ludb/sc hl S@"lch dcc< hl @l"lch% h0<ndbs 2*hncc.s% 2+*+ h < ch scc*c c 4s 0h4snh3ssQ Rcgclc
B&
"h#sstrul dc prs" clhs6 <n sss c0ul uns/c*ss h* 0cdsc/hl% cu*su*slc 3snu c lh )*s0h b*+ 0h snhl+ c*hu *c.c*/h c cclb* 0hs )*cs sgsb4s )*b2csb*s. <n b*sgsnhl? >ch cd*+ scb dc )*s0h". 67 Lud! sc6 Ludb/sc hl @l"lch hl K*hn3cs. PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL 107
ccl s2<n h scbs dsn K*hn3h *+.bbsul <nn+scu 4s &"h h./<*ls du40hnslb* Db0nulus% <n *u 0h*ch glb*sc h *cnu0clus )*chc*c4 sn: &"h scbs cl% dh* l"hu hdus <nh)bs u*0h4ss lus% 2+*+ h 0hs sc4s sh*+4s /*cbdh + nscs dsn *c hb h*clc )*b)*ss% nscs dsn *c cclc c*c4 snc% cu lh 2cl dc )u3sn 2blbs ch 4s 2c*scs*c? c+cs% dhc+ l"h* 2s cbn snuh % nu0clc lus Mhhb0cd h* 2s 2bs dc 0ul us h <n bh + Cu*b)h% <n H2*sch 4s"n Hssh. B% <0)*cDu*h*c dc0n+ dc 0cds h 4s dc )l<ns b bdh +% hnu0c c+ hs +.s c*c4 sn+ h ch sc )<*Dblc4 c <n *+.bbhsc% )c c<nd )+g<n+ h ch sc bdshnc4 c: c sc+ldh <n s<ngc c*c4 snss0ul% 4s"n *hndh2s*s ncc*cdsn3hQ Hdc/+*h h 4s 0hgss *hlh )bls sc+ h 2bs cch h lus Kc*nhndb? ssgu*+ 4s 2c*0+% c+cs nu sc *cducch lh hs0c*c 2hn hs scc: u sl+% dcbh*ccc <s hducch c< c un *cgh )c hn: csns s +% dcbh*ccc s"h hdus )c 0c*s blh.bnul dc
ch blsc. H cucc*s *cgh c )cn *u Du0nc.cu% cb*bhnc )cn *u *bnu*slc c*ucss shlc% )*b/sncss )cn *u lhg+*clc c*cdsn3cs: 4s% <n s2<*4s % cl h 2bs ccl ch*c h 4 su s+ unchsc+ )+01n ul cu cc*ul. H 2bs *cgc hl <n.cs *+*slb* 4s hl )*slcDu*slb*% c*bs c hccs ch )c 0+su*h hcclb*h. Unss su/c*hns hu h/u cCcclcn c <n.cs *+*s% lc"hu ls)ss <ns+ )*slcDu*slc dc h lc 2blbss. Hl3ss% ds0)b *s/+% hu h/u )*slcDu*slc 4s lc"hu ls)ss hlcn clc% <nc< nu 4 su )c ch*c s"b cbndh0n ch nc2c*scs*c 0hs 0h*c. Kc0hndb n"h 2+cu )h*hd+ dc clc% nscs nu lc"h sslnscs : nb*bcul s+u <l <0bsh cu clc. Unss u0bl+ lh /<n+ bh*c dc )*slcDu*s% scb3<nd uns/c*sul dsn 3<3<ns% )cn *u ch )<n+ lh u*0+ s+"s s *s/chsc+ )*b)*sh lb* /sblcn3+. <n.cs *h*ch lus cch 0hs 0h*c% 4s sbh*clc cclb*lhl c% h 2bs b )*bdsgsbhs+ ch)hcs h c% 2undh0cn ssgu* hl uncs 0+*c3ss *cgc4 s. Lu0ch /h 2s 2c*scs +% h s)us Plh bn 4s h h)*ccsh #hlc*susB6% c<nd /b* <ncc)c s+ db0nchsc+ <n3clc)3ss shu c<nd /b* <ncc)c h 2s <n3clc)3s *cgss. Clc0cn ul cbns s u s/ )*s0h* hl unus *cgc cs c b 0h*c ch)hcs h c% sh* *cgc cu 0ul + ch)hcs h c% *cgc cu 0ul 0sc.. Ch)ul h 2bs nu0s hs 2cl nu du)+ ch/s h ch 0h c*shl+% cs du)+ ch)hcs h ch dc h <n3clcgc. Su/c*hnul c ch)ul *cgh ulus? h4hdh*% h *sbu ul s+u ccl 0hs 0h*c *cbusc s+ 2sc cu)*sndc*ch% <n3clcgc*ch.
B6
Plht!n... Dhlcrsus6 Plh bn% Rcpu!lsch, (56c"d? >Dhc+ b*s 2slb.b2ss nu /b* db0ns <n cc +3s% b*s ccs cc s<n nu0s3s hcu0 *cgs 4s s +)<ns nu /b* 2slb.b2h H...P nu /h <nc+)ch cbn cns*ch *clclb*... )cn *u cc +3s 4s nch0ul b0cncsc" ; *hd. Hnd*cs Cb0chE. #c.s 4s #hlc*sus MhCs0us% #SS% ch). SS% >Dcs)*c <n3clc)csunc"% s *+sns% (? >Nu /h 2s 2c*scs*c )cn *u lu0c dcc< h uncs c<nd 2slb.b2ss /b* 2s *cgs shu *cgss 2slb.b2s".
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M
... dsn Prsntclc lu"snsl!r6 #c.s Cpsst!lh lus Shc! , &%&5? >B0nc dh u0 b) s0u0 c b0nc dbnu0 )c*2cc u0% h Ph *c lu0snsu0" ;>Tbh + dh*ch cch bun+ 4s b dh*ul dcs+/<*4s % )bgb*<ndu"sc dc lh P+*sn clc lu0snslb*"E.
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PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL

&9'
nchsc+% hcchs h 2ssnd hdc/+*h h 4 ssn3h h *cgslb*: 2+*+ h <0b*+ch )lh b4h% h *ccu)c*h bh + K*hn3h% h)*bh)c bh + <ns *+snh + )c h uncs% 4s% 2+*+ h )+*+ss *bnul *cghl% s"h hlungh <n B*s hnsh lb* )c cnglc.s. Pcn *u hs h <ns+ c nc/bsc dc b ch)hcs h c su)*c0+% dc sn clsgcn3h unus Sus snshn% dc )bls sch unus Ludb/sc BB% dc )*udcn3h unus Ksls) hl SS"lch? c+cs dhc+ un Ghllscnus% 2+*+ h"s cghlh <n 4 ssn3+% h /*u s+"s <n *chc+ <n s0bbsls h c% <nsch0n+ c+ h /*u s+"4s )+.chsc+ )hlh ul% dh* nu s0)c*sul. Dsn 4 ssn3+ 4s dsn cu*hD sc hdh) ch.+ un su/c*hn dcs+/<*4s ? un Mbssc. )cn *u h 2s lcgsslh b* 4s cbnduc+ b* hl *c)ublscss lus Du0nc.cu: un Dh/sd% /s ch. ch s+ )+.chsc+% <n3clc) ch s+ )*bsl+/chsc+ csns ch Cclus P*ch<nhl : un Cc.h*% 2+c<ndu"4s blh.bn dsn )hn+ 4s dsn s)hd+: un lhccdc0bnshn Hgcsslhbs% hlc c+*us scn sn3c hu 0c*s h s+ 2sc cclc dsn <s <n ch* ch Dudscsb4slb*. sh* 2h) clc shlc <n cch h /s cDslb*: un Cbns hn sn ccl Mh*c% c<nd cbn2c*snd hu b*s h c cbncslsslb*% c<nd cb0hnd<nd bs slc: un Sus snshn d<nd h*0c 4s lcgs S0)c*sulus: un Mhhb0cd hl SS"lch cs snd 4s cucc*snd: un Hl2bnsb ccl M+*sns0bs% 2sc <n hchdc0sc% 2sc <n ch0)hnsc: un Ss0hsl Sh2s% hl c+*us *cnu0c dc <n3clc) h 2bs )ccc c h s)hdcs shlc /sc b*sbhsc: un K*hncssc S hl K*hn3cs% <ncbnDu*h dc <n/+3h3s 4s dc cb0hndh3s dc b4 s: un Ksls) hl SS"lch hl S)hnscs% ch*c h <ncc)u ch /s ch. 4s h s2<*4s ch )*udcn . Hcchs + nscsbdh + <ndchDuns l+udh + <n.cs *h*c cbns + dsn dbu+ 2hcul +3s c0sncn c? )*b0) s udsnc <n sn clsgcn3+ 4s 0h u*s h c <n Dudcch +: <n3clcgc*ch )*cccd+ hb +*<*ch% sh* sn clsgcn3h c hu*b*+ h )*udcn3cs.
Un su/c*hn cu)*sn.+ b*% un Ch.s0s* ccl Mh*c hl Pblbnscs% .sc% <4s cs c <n bh c )*s/sn3clc cbn2b*0 ssc4s: sc 2+cch s +)<n )c b )*sn <n/+3+ u*+% ch s+ 2sc 4s )*sn )u c*c. Hugus us 4s"h <n0h *sculh 0hs <n <s b s0)c*sul <n ch)% sh* h)bs &"h 3snu <n )u0n. Dcschsdch 4s <nchsdch du)+ )lhc )b*3slc lus lhnusBA% ccch cc c*h b unh cu h 3snc <n 0<n+ chcslc uns/c*sulus% s +)<n )c *+.bbs 4s )c )hcc. C*h <n bh c )+*3slc h2*schnul Shcbb Hl0hn.b* B5 )*sn hu b*s h c 4s *c)u h3sc% )cn *u c+ bh c c*hu <n *"<nsul )*sn cunbh4 c*c.
BB
Lud!sc6 Dsn nbu% Ludb/sc hl @l"lch hl K*hn3cs. p!rslc lus lhnus6 U4slc c0)lclb* lus lhnus c*hu )c*0hncn dcschssc <n /*c0c dc *+.bbs% dh* sc <nchsdchu )c s0) dc )hcc. Dcschsdc*ch shu <nchsdc*ch )b*3slb* lus lhnus <nsc0nh% h4hdh*% dcclh*h*ch s +*ss dc *+.bbs shu sns hu*h*ch )+css lh Rb0h. B5 Shc!! Hl"hn0!r6 Hbu Susu2 Sh2ub hl"Mhnsu* sbn Susu2 S ;&&8("&&''E% ccl 0hs s0)b* hn su/c*hn hl0bhhd. Ts lul dc >hl"Mhnsu*" ;>#sc b*sbsul"E 4s &"h luh
Un su/c*hn )*udcn % h c+*us 0h*c Dudcch + c )sh *h dc <ncc*ch*c h b*sc+*cs 0h*s ch)hcs +3s. Tcbdbssc c<n +*ch hlcn clc? Hn b"nsnus 0+su*h hd<ncs0slc: gb ul Ssscbu h)*ccsh c0sncn3clc: Hl2bnsb cc*cc h 0c*s clc: Sus snshn <n+l3h 0sns4 *s nu <n <0)l+ b*% cs )*sn hlcgc*c? c+)s hns cc 0c*s hu h 2s <0)+*h3s% sh* cl 0ul 0hs 0ul : Hn bnsnus <0)+*h <0)+*3ch *hngu*slc% dss *sbush sluDbclc% nu dh b*s + bun+/bsn3cs cugc ulus s+u% cs )*sn cc*cc h*ch Dudcc+3ss shlc *sgu*bhsc. Un su/c*hn sscuss % H*gus *cghl ch*c )*c/cdc b ul: *s/hl hl lus lhnus% ch*c )*s/c4 c cu dbu+ 2c3c: cu hd<ncs0c dc nc)+ *uns% cu 0hs 0ul c s<nu*s dcc< un bcchn? hs s+s <l sus)cc ch.+% s *+snss sc c0 dc cl% 4s b3s shu sch0h lh d<nsul% )cn *u c+ cl u u*b*h lc sh sch0h. Un su/c*hn )+ *un.+ b*% dcscb)c*+ 0hs 0ul )+0<n dsn *"b bchs*c dcc< hl3ss cu /cghc*c /c4nsc+. Cclus cc cu)*sndc 0ul nu s sc <n2<0)l+ ns0sch% sh* cclus cc )+ *undc b ul ns0sch nu s sc"hscundc. Hcn*sc hl S#"lch hl K*hn3cs h/ch b sn clsgcn3+ )cs c 2s*c% <nc< s *+/cdch 4s sn cn3sslc% clh*/+.+ b* hl cclcs 0hs 0h*s hd<ncs0s% 2+c<nd hnh b0sh s)s*s clb*% 2s*slb*% <nclsnh3sslb*. Un su/c*hn /su% ch*c /cdc b ul% hudc b ul% )s)+sc b ul. U*cchslc lus #cs)hsshn nu sc <0bbln+/chu dc bbs4nus ul bc c4ug *cgcsc? hdul c*c hlc hdc/+*ulus% n+*h/u*s hlc 4 s*slb*% *+d+*s hlc lsngu4s*ss. Un su/c*hn h cn % ch*c nscs nu dbh*0c% nscs nu"s lhs+ s+ dbh*0+ )c ccs cc"& hDu + s+ 2sc *cgc% hu b*s +3slc sn2c*sbh*c? lcu dhc+ /cghch.+% lcu dhc+ dbh*0c% cu bchss 0c*cu dcschs4s% 2sc cu *chls h ch% 2sc cu h)h*cn3h c<4 sgh +. B% h cn3sh )*udcn ulus Ksls) hl S)h"nsslb* 4s 2bh* c 0ul *c)c h h% 4s <nc+ 4s 0hs bsnc )*hc sch h lus cb0)h*h3sc dsn *c un *+.bbs dc 3csu 4s *bnulB8 )c ch*c shdc cu g*sD+ un su/c*hn )u*u*s h cn lh 2s*ul cc sc *u)cQ Un su/c*hn scnssbsl% )c ch*c )sc*dc*slc s+"& <n3c)c% s+"& *+nchsc+ lh cbh*dh ss03s bh*c h sns0ss. Hu 2+cu unss *h3sunc dc S h )h*h"
du)+ cc &"h <n/sns )c Hl2bnsb hl #SSS"lch hl Chs slscs lh Hlh*cbs ;&8 sulsc &&'BE. Mhs cCss + un ..Hl0hn.b*" cclcb*u = Mbhh00cd Sbn Hbu H0s*% su)*hnu0s 4s cl >hl"Mhnsu*" ;'68"&99&E% s *+lucss cbnduc+ b* dc b4 s% *cgcn hl *cgh ulus Cb*"dbbcs lh 0bh* ch lus Hh2h0 hl SS"lch B8 r0!!s dc kcsut 4s *bn? Cb0)h*h3sh )*b/snc dsn *"un Scr"!n Auc prcdsch h lh Mh#csthd cl Rc9 D. 1clspc SSS, cl Dr. H#uslhr dc Tcrr!ncs, Mhd*sd% &B'8% /c.s C. Sh*0scn b% h* . cs % ). &'(. &&9 PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL &&&
dbChl+ dsn sndblcn3+ 4s 0+*sns0sc dsn snscnssbsls h c. P*c/+".+ bh*ch nh u*+ 4s"h 2+cu /sc3us bh*clc scnssbslc% 0sDlbc nc<n *ccu )cn *u )+.s*ch lb*% 4s scnssbsls <s /*ch 4s )bls sch )c *cgss cs. Csnc bh*c nu /h 2s sc<*bs dc n+ <ngsh lus GhllscnusO Sc c+lchu <n )scsbh*c unclc )c hl clc /c4 slc )*bhs c dsn )*b/sncsslc *+sculh c% dsn *cgh clc )sc*du c% )cs c dbu+.ccs% sh* cl% lsns4 s % *+s)undch B'? >Ch% cc bsnc b s"b ducc0 2+*+ lcgu0clc dsn Cgs) Q Cc nc 0hs )hs+ hcu0 dc c<nc)h dsn K*hn3hO" B% g*cbhsc ncss03s*c% un su/c*hn s+ hsb+ g*sD+ ch s0bchsnss s+ 2sc /c*.s b hnul 4s s+ n"hsb+ g*sD+ ch s0)c*sul s+ <n2lb*chsc+Q S+ chu c sn/cn3ss ch s *ugu*ss s+ sc )+s *c.c dbs% *cs hns% 4s s+ nu"s )csc c+"4s )sc*dc 0bnh*hshQ s nu ls)schu lsngu4s b*s ncs)us dc )c*sculb4s ch*c <s )*bsl+/chu bh*bh*sh ch 0+*sns0sc 4s ncghsbbsh ch s h b*nscsc. s ncbb*+.h*ch lb* 0c*gc uncb*s h < dc dc)h* c% <nc< /b* s+ /<nd+ d*c) b 0h*c sub sls h c h )bls scss ccch cc nu"s dcc< b dc cs hbsl+ ncglsDcn3+. Nu cCss + su/c*hn ch*c% c< c <n /sh3+% s+ nu 2sc c*bu <n *c lsngu4s b*ss s+s% <n *c ccslhl3s blc*h : h)bs <ns+ /snc 2+c<nd d*c) h c hdc/+*ul h b sn cg*u. M+*sns0bs h 2bs Hugus us% hl c+*us nu0c c )ccc c h sns0ss shlc: cu bh c hs ch% &"h du*u h < dc 0ul 0hshc*ul lcgsunslb* *b0hnc dsn Gc*0hnsh% <nc< s.bch )h*dbschlh cu )scsbh*clc% 4s sc d+dch cu ch)ul dc )c*c3s% 4s s *sgh <n *unh? >Cc"hs 2+cu cu lcgsunslc 0clcA9% Gusn slsus #h*usO D+"0s <nh)bs sbldh3ss 0cs /s cDs. Cc s"h hlcs dc"h <3sh 4s"h < dc /hDnscs c+)s hnsO" N"h 0hs 2bs /+.u *<.<nd luns dc"h *<ndul 4s nscs 0<nc<nd .slc <n *cgs. Hcchs h ssgu* c hdc/+*h + )bls sc+% sh* nu cbn *h*sc 0hscs +3ss. Nscsbdh + n"h c*c.u Rbd*sgb c+ )sc*.hnsh <s c*h h < dc h/hnsh +% nscs Rbbbh0 nu 4s"h bbsc*/h h < dc h)*bh)c *usnh. Pc ncg<nds c 4s"hu )sc*du dbn Juhn dc Lhb*s B& cb*bhnh% 4s Hs !hgcsA7 dshdc0h.
B' A9
rspundch6 H2s*0h3ss hsc0+n+ bh*c <n Sst!rsh Hu#ust, >Ccs dbs Ghllscns"% dc T*cbcllsus Pbllsb% >Ghllscnus h +l"% A% cd. cs .% ). 68&. Cc3hs kcut cu lc#sunslc "clc...6 Suc bnsus% Ccs d!ssprc0ccc Cc.h*s% >Hugus us"% 76% 7. A& 8uhn dc Lh!rst6 Jchn SSS% ss*c dHlb*c % ul c*sb* *cgc hl Nh/h**cs% 0b* <n &B&A. Cbn c dc KbsC% /scbn c dc Bch0 ;&(8(E <0)*cun+ cu Ch hc*snc dc KbsC% nc)bh h lus Ludb/sc hl @ll"lch. H )sc*du Nh/h**h s)hnsbl+ <n &B&7. H 2bs bunscul Jchnncs dHlb*c % 0h0h lus Hcn*sc hl S#"lch. A7 Hst9h#cs6 Ul s0ul *cgc hl 0c.slb* ;B8("(B' <.C*.E% h 2bs <n/sns 4s 2+cu )*s.bnsc* dc Cs*us ccl Mh*c% /hshlul s+u.
Hccs su/c*hn cu)*sn.+ b*% )*udcn % sscuss % )+ *un.+ b*% /su% h cn % scnssbsl 4s% <n *"un cu/<n % <n3clc) h 2bs
Ch blscul Kc*"nhndb% *cgclc cu cch 0hs 0h*c ch)hcs h c dsn c< c hu 2bs /*cbdh +% <n +*s + dc 2h) c% cCc*cs h + cu h < ch )*slcDu*s. S"h 2bs u sl+ 4 ssn3h 4s% cu bh c c+ s"h )*ssbss cu*hDul% h Duch 4s cu /sclcnsh. N"h 2bs nb*bcbs Kc*nhndb% cs )*udcn ? c+cs )*udcn3h c 0h0h buncs sb*3s: dc bbsccs c nb*bcs +% du)+ cu0 s0)*udcn3h c ncnb*bcs +? b3s su/c*hnss 2bh* c )*udcn3s hu 2bs 2bh* c nb*bcb4s. Dh* lh cc bun 0h*ch ch)hcs h c h unus dbn Juhn hl SS"lch hl Chs slscs% dhc+ nu c s<*gusn3+O C+ snch)hbslul Chsldc*sc lhs+ dc h.s )c 0<snc 0unch 4s sluDbh% 0c*s + 0ul3u0s*s% c+cs h hlcs <n *u 0hs bsnc: dh* ch )c*shnul Thh0hs)A6 s+ <ng*bh)c un hlcn su)c*sb* <n *<nd+/sc 4s <n /scsu% h 2bs /*cdnsc dc dss)*c3. Mhs 0ul *chls.ch.+ <n bh c h* clc b hbsls h c 0cdsbc*+ cu s<*gusn3+% dcc< un hlcn *h* 2+*+ ch. <nc*cdc*ch c 0h0+ h nc)+s+*ss% sh* hcchs h c )lhgh 0h*slb* sluDbh4s. #cs)hsshn A( h /*u ch 0bh* ch unus *cgc s+ sc )c *chc+ <n )scsbh*c 4s *c.bl/<nd *cbu*slc s h ulus? cu h < 0hs 0ul /sh3h. T+*+g+nh*ch <n *ccc bh c cclclhl c /scss lh un su/c*hn% h < )c cclc cc 3sn dc s*hscsbsls h c% c< 4s dc cbncu)ssccn3+. Hu 2bs 0ul3s *cgs 0h*s nu h < )*sn 0h*slc lb* <n.cs *+*s% c< )*sn nc<n *c*u) h lb* )*c.cn3+ hc s/+. Mh*clc Mbgbl hl Hsscs nu"4s hcb*d+ *+gh. <n *c.bl/h*ch *cbu*slb* dc s h nscs <n bsul cclb* 0hs 0h*s dss *hc3ss% <0bsn<nd ch *ul 2sh*clb* s+lbh scc cu hscul h*ch su)u4slb* s+s? /+.ul 4s"& <ng+dusc )c *ccc*ss% sh* hu.ul 4s"& )+s *ch.+ )cn *u h2lh*ch 4 s*slb*. R+u cs c c+ H0ulsus 4s DsbnsssbsAB hu /*u s+ 2sc *cgs 2+*+ s+ 2sc: dh* 4s 0hs *+u c+ #lhdsslh/ hl Pblbnscs AA 4s Bdbh*d hl HnglscsA5% 2ssnd% n"hu /*u s+ 2sc. Hccch sc nu0c4 c s*hnsc: hcchs h n"h*c nu0c. S"hu <n *ccu <n Kc*nhndb ch)hcs h ch 4s s<*gusn3+% s)*c"h hlc+ us un *cgc dcs+/<*4s % un 0bnh*h 0hCs0? )h *u.ccs dc hns h db0ns % 2+*+ h s*bss nscs unul% 4s h luc*h 0hs 0ul dcc< )h *u.ccs dc *cgs lhblhl +.
A6 A(
Thh"hsp6 <n b*sgsnhl% Th"s, c /b*bh dc Thh0hs) S% *cgc hl S*hnulus ;&B7("&B5AE% dsn dsnhs sh sh2h/sd+. Dcsphsshn6 C2. Suc bnsus% !p. cst., >#cs)hsshnus"% :.. AB H"ulsus6 *cgc hl Hlbcs% unchs hl Rhccs Ssl/sh% 0h0h lus Rb0ulus. Ds!nsss!s6 s*hn hl Hc*hclccs% c. 668 <.C*. AA Dlhdsslh hl P!l!nscs6 KlhdsslhN hl SS"lch. A5 Bd!hrd hl Hn#lscs6 Cduh*d ;CdNh*dE hl SS"lch Plhn hgcnc ul ;&695"&675E. &&7 PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL &&6
Un scc) *u c un )b0 <ncb*bnh % ch*c d+. d*c) *bhdc% ss)*+/s dc sch0+. <n3clch) + nh u*+ lc cc*c )lhn clb* shlc c< c un *bd )c hn? cc"s dc 0s*h*c ch 4s 2hs0h s+ lc )*c snd+ hcclh4s luc*u c*bslb* s+sO Zhdh*nsc bcu)+ bgb*ul 0<nd*ul s0bchsn s c*)% sh* *bnul *cghl un su/c*hn snu sl. Nu sluDc4 c dcc< ch )scdsc+ <n chlch hl ush ch*c h* <ncb*bnh *cgh ul cu c*cngslc *bdnscc hlc b*h3clb* shlc. Hlcsdul h <*nh dc )*hgu*slc 2hs0cs c< c un nbu *b2cu <n 2scch*c hn% bh lcul% bh hsd*h: c*bu 0sncsnbs. <n ch*c hn scss hu <nchs)us un su/c*hn hdc/+*h % dh b* 0c*cu cu nbs 2+) us*s glb*sbhsc. Hdc/+*h ul Hc*culc h 2bs Ch blscul Kc*nhndb% cu 0hs 0ul c ss)*+/s dcc< .slc: c<4 sgh c< c un *cgh )c hn% 4s &" h dbb<nds )*sn 0b4 cns*c )c ccl hl H*hgbnulus% )*sn .cs *c )c ccl hl Chs slscs% )*sn cu*hD )c ccl hl G*hnhdcs% )*sn nb*bc SndshA8% )*sn dsb+csc Nch)b"lclc% )*sn *clsgsc Nh/h**h 4s )*sn 0h*ch"s ch)hcs h c )c bh c. Ds/c*sc s<n 2h) clc 0+*c3c hlc unus *cgc. 4s bh c c*bscc. T*cbusc <0b*+3s4h c% cu0 2+cch )*s0ul c2hn hl Ungh*scs% nu )*sn hlcgc*c% cs du)+ )*slcD. Nu cclc )c ch*c s lc )*b)unch )*b)*sul )lhc lus HlcChnd*u ccl Mh*c% cs hcclch )c ch*c s lc cc*ch ncccss h ch /s ch.ulus HlcChnd*u Sc/c*us. H4h <nc< nu )c bh c lc *cducchu Gus h/ S hl Sucdscs 4s Hl2bnsb ccl M+*sns0bs hl Nch)blclus lh cu*hD? c+cs s<n 0ul c hl clc% 4s uncb*s dc 0hs 0h*c *c)u h3sc% dcc< cclc 0sls h*c. Mhs 0ul + glb*sc h 0c*s h Sus snshn )cn *u lcgs dcc< Hu*clshnus )cn *u h*0c. Mhs cclcb*u &"h 2+cu )c Kc*nhndb 2h) ul dc h 2s <n c0csh )*chsn c"g*ul% /sgslcn ul% shc*ul *sbunhl hl Snchs.s3scs dcc< hcclh dc h"4s 2s s h b*nscs 0bnh*hsh. s h c<4 sgh 0hs 0ul h./<*lsndu"s dsn S)hnsh )c c/*cs dcc< 2+c<nd"b s +)<n+ )cs c h < ch nh3ss A'.
A8 A'
Sndsh6 C /b*bh% dcssgu*% dc H0c*sch% dcscb)c*s + sub db0nsh lus Kc*nhndb 4s hlshbclcs;&('7E. shcrul trs!unhl hl Snchs0sscs6 Dc4s b snchs.s3sc )h)hl+% <nc*cdsn3h + c+lug+*slb* db0snschns% cCss h <n S)hnsh <nc+ dsn scc. hl @HS"lch% 4s hnu0c <n *cgh ul H*hgbnulus% hc s/s h ch cs sn *hsc dc 0ul <n dcclsn% sh* <n ccl+lhl 0h*c *cgh hl )cnsnsulcs% <n Chs slsh% c*h chsh* nccunbscu +. Rcgss ch blscs% <n s)ccshl Kc*nhndb% 4s"hu 2+cu un )unc dc bnbh*c nu nu0hs dsn sns s us*ch shu *csns s us*ch *sbunhlclb* cclc.shs scc <n bh c *cgh clc dsn S)hnsh% dh* 4s dsn uns2sch*ch lb*<n *"un >cbnsslsu su)*c0"% cbndus dc un snchs.s b* gcnc*hl% subb*dbnh nu Rb0cs% cs cb*bhncs s)hnsblc% <n2ssn3h + <n Chs slsh lh & nb/. &(58% Snchs.s3sh 4s"h <ncc)u hscs hc s/s h ch% 2+*+ h 2s <n <0)snh nscs b *c.ss cn3+% lh 75 sc) . &(89. CC sndc*ch cs <n H*hgbn h cunbscu <ns+ ds2scul +3s 4s c*gs/c*s+*s dsn )*scsnh )*s/slcgsslb* $kucr!s) cc *cglc0cn hu *h)b* u*slc dsn *c nbbslss *cgh ulus 4s *cgc% )*s/s dc cs dbh* ch prs"u"
Cclc hlc cu*hDulus hu 2bs h)lhudhbslc lh Ch*bl Gusn ul: cclc hlc Dus s3scs% u*gcn c lh Ksls) hl SS"lch: cclc hlc *clsgscs% glb*sbhsc lh Ksls) hl SSS"lch: cclc hlc gu/c*n+*ss% c*bscc lh Ksls) hl S#"lch ccl Mh*c: 4s bh c lhblhl +% lh Kc*nhndb. Un *cgc nu *cbusc s+"4s <n *c*u)+ nscsbdh + hc s/s h ch% )cn *u c+ hc3sunslc shlc s<n 0h*s: <ncc <nd )*slcDul unb*h% *cbusc s+ *chc+ lh hl clc. Rcgulh hcchs h s"h 2bs bsnc 4 su + lus Cc.h*% b0ul cu sns0h cch 0hs <nc+)+ bh*c 4s 2ccund+. H uncs c<nd n"h 0hs h/u )*b/sncss dc su)us% h )b*ns s+ nc c.chsc+ 0un3ss. Du)+ cc h dh lcgs bh0cnslb*% h <ncc*ch s+ lc s0)un+ 2lu/sslb* 4s 0+*slb*. Ss)*+/snd dc *cs hu*h lu0ch% 4s"h )*b)us s+ *c2b*0c.c s0)ul. Hs 2cl% h cu0)+ns bsnc )*b2undul Chsus #cllcsus 59% hnu0c c+% du)+ cc s"hu ss)*+/s sluDbclc 0sls h*c% s"h ss)*+/s 4s cl. s 0bh* ch% ch*c &"h sc* h dc"h lungul h < b* hns dc )*s0cDdss <n *+.bbs% &"h g+ss <n nu0hs csncs luns dc bdshn+.
Ss)*+/slc sc chch0+ unclc )c hl clc 4s"4s <nlcsncsc <ndc)lsns*ch. H4h 2+cch Sbls0hn% <0b+l*<ns <n 2h) c 0+*c3c /*c0c dc )h *u.ccs dc hns <n s0)c*sul s+u <n2lb*s b*. <n )*s0ul hn 4s"h hssgu*h
sn c* phrcs. Kc*nhndb 4s"h s0)us <ns+ /bsn3h% .d*bbsnd b*scc *c.ss cn3+ 4s *cs)sng<nd b*scc bbscc3sc% cu un 2hnh ss0 b hl? ..Nscs b chu.+ 4s nscs un sn c*cs% b*sc< dc 0h*s 4s dc 2c*0c h* 2s. nu nc /b* 2hcc s+ sus)cnd+0 Snchs.s3sh." Pc*sccu3sslc <0)b *s/h )b)ulh3scs c/*csc4 s% b 0hs b*u hlc 4s <n )u c*nsc cbn *hs cu >)lu*hlss0ul" sbcsc +3ss s)hnsblc dsn sccblclc hn c*sbh*c% hu cbndus lh cC)ul.h*ch u u*b* c/*cslb* ch*c nu hccc) hsc*+ c*c4 snh*ch% chsh* <n hnul <nchcsc*ss Rccbn"Fuss cs ;&('7E. Dh* nscs >cbn/c* s3ss" $c!n crs!s) nu hu h/u b sbh* + 0hs bun+. dcbh*ccc bc0hs hsu)*h lb* 4s"h cbnccn *h Snchs.s3sh bh c cnc*gsslc *c)*css/c% sus")cc <ndu"s sss c0h sc dc 2hls+ hdc.sunc lh c*c4 snss0 4s dc )*hc scs sudhs.hn c scc*c c% cu bh c c+ )*s0ul snchs.s b* gcnc*hl h 2bs un cbn/c*scM% Tb0+s dc Tb*"Fuc0hdh. Sn *c *c<n2ssn3h*ch Snchs.s3scs 4s b*ghns.h*ch uncs )bls scs dc )u*s2sch*c *clsgsbhs+ sss c0h sc+ h cCss h % h4hdh*% b lcg+ u*+ ds*cc +. Clbgsc*ch hccs b* hc c dc c+ *c G*hcs1n% *c)*c.cn hn hl uncs S)1nss h2lh c <n *"un )*bccs dc dcclsn Sh ch*c cbn *sbussc <n 0h*c 0+su*+ 4s hlungh*ch )b)ulh3scs c/*csc4 s 4s h*hbc% du)+ cc un ss b*sc 2hs0bs% sc.us 4s cl% ch Juhn dc Mh*shnh% cC)*s0hsc *c.c*/c sc*sbhsc lh hd*csh unb* hsc0cnch 0+su*s% h* )u ch 0s*h% dhc+ nu s"h* 3snc sch0h c+ clbgsc*ch b)c*cs dc )u*s2sch*c <n *c)*sns+ dc ch blscss0 <n S)hnsh hDunscsc un lbc cb0un hl cncb0shs scss hcclb* /*c0u*s. Dh* b un lbc cb0un h dc/cns 4s blh0h*ch glbbhl+ h S)hnscs 4s h /sc3ss s)hnsblc ch gcnc*h bh*c h 2cnb0cnulus Snchs.s3scs% h4h"nu0s h lc9cndh nc#rh, cc nu sc )bh c sus3snc <ns+ nscs dbcu0cn h*% nscs = 4s cu h < 0hs )u3sn = <n )c*s)cc s/h h < b* hl c cCc0)lc ss b*scc dc c*bh*c b*ghns.h +% dc h *bcs h c sns s u3sbnhls.h + 4s gcnbcsd% h < <nhsn c dc sccblul hl @#"lch% c< 4s du)+ cl 4s% 0hs hlcs% <n hccs sccbl hl nbs *u <n ch*c cC *c0ss0clc nh.ss c 4s cb0unss c% h.s <ngc0+nh c% hu 2+cu 4s <nc+ 2hc *h/hgss. 59 Dcllcsus6 Chsus #cllcsus Ph c*culus% Hsst!rsh R!"hnh, BA% 6% du)+ b)snsh lus C. Sh*0scn b% hrt. cst. &&( PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL
Cgs) ul% sh* <n hl dbslch h h+cus Ungh*sh. Nu s"h 0ul3u0s cu bcu)h*ch Rhbdbsulus% cs h n+.us nu0hsdcc< lh hccch h Mhl cs% sh* 0b s/ul )cn *u ch*c n"h cucc*s "b dc b h 2bs c+ cclb* dbu+ b*h3c hlc lus% )u c*nscc% dh* dc.bsnh c% lc"h ls)ss )*c.cn3h hc s/+ h unus ch) h < dc 0h*c. Sc*hsu*s <s c*hu *cgh clc cucc*s c% 4s Dbcu*s bsnc 0c*s h clc *su02u*s. B% 0bnh*h dc bun"gus Q Du)+ cc <ncc)c h sc dcdulcs lh 2h) c 0+*c3c% un su/c*hn nu *+0<nc 2+*+ nbs <ndclc nscs*s c*bscc. <n hccs 2cl% cc.h*ul s)hnsblslb*% Ch*bl% sc bdshnch dc unclc )*sn hl clc? dc lh u0sls*ch c*c scslb* *ccch lh s +/sls*ch u*cslb*: dc lh ch) u*h*ch unus *cgc% lh s.gbns*ch hl ush. Sh* cucc*s*slc dsn H2*sch c*hu /hchn3clc shlc dc Cu*b)h. Hcchs h c dc0nh 2blbssn3+ h c.hu*clb* *cghlc. R+u 2blbss c 0slsbhnc cclc hlc lus Nc*b 4s Chlsgulh% 4s bsnc )lhsh c )h*hlc cclc hlc h*hgbnc.ulus dbn Jhs0c. C<nd 2h) clc 0+*c3c s<n 2blbss bh*c% clc *cs s usc <0)*u0u u*slc cu dbb<nd+. Un 0+*c3 succcs clcc s/ hu h/u <n hcchs h *cgss Pb* ughlscs% dbb<ndsnd dcb)b *s/+ *cn c 4s bnb*u*s. P*chsscuss ul Kc*nhndb sc 2c*ch dc <n *c)*sndc*s dc4h* c 4s snu slc% ch*c nu s<n dc 2blbs% cs s<n ch)*scss% 0b*0<n )cn *u su)u4s 4s /ss sc*ss% cu0 c*hu cclc hlc *cgslb* Pcd*b hl Chs slscs 4s H*hgbnulus% h/<ndu"4s bb<*4sh 0hs 0ul <n db*sn3h <nc+)+3<nh + dc <n *ccc*c dcc< <n b)b* uns h c: sh* s2<*4s ul unb* hsc0cnch <n *c)*sndc*s nu c*h dcc< c+ h0bclc )+*3s% *cgss 4s *cgh clc% *+0<nchu scc+ us c. C+s+ b*sh lus Ch*bl hl #lSS"lch cu 2hs0h% 2+*+ c0cs% <nsch0n+ h c+u h sb3sc s+*hc+ 4s s ch*)+: 4s% <n *c dbu+ cC *c0c hlc hlcgc*ss% 0hs bsnc un su/c*hn l+s+ b* dcc< unul snu sl b*gblsbs. Hcn*sc hl S#"lch 0b s/h cu b 0sc dc 2blbhsc b hc3sunc% c<nd% ghscsndu"s u sls h ch sn *snscc+% )unch <nhsn c uncl clc. Hssgu*s s+n+ h ch *cgh ulus cu*+3sndu"& dc bhnc% shu dc *sss)c% shu dc .+d+*nscss. C<nd lc"hu ls)ss cucc*s*slc% unclc s h c s"hu <0bbln+/s dc *+./*+ s*s l+un *scc. Mh*c h2b*ss0 h 2bs b dchunh s+ 2hcs hn sdb dsn b *h/+. Snhc s/s h ch h 2bs ch*sul nb*bculus nc<n *c*u) hl S)hnscs% s./b*ul )c*cn hl /scsslb* lh Rb0h. >Nu c 0hs 0h*c du40hn dcc< s+ nu hs nscs unul"? scn sn3+ cu c.+ bh*c h lus Mc cllus5&% c<nd cu
5&
Mctcllus6 Lucsus Chccslsus Mc cllus% gcnc*hl *b0hn dsn s0)ul )*s0ulus *+.bbs )unsc ;7A("7(& h. Ch*.E% cbnsul <n 7B& h. Ch*. #c.s 4s C. Sh*0scn b% h* . cst, ). &'(. PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL &&B
Ch* hgsnh% 4s ch*c h dc/cns dc.h0+gs*c )*sn cC)c*scn3h )+gubs bh*c. B b0hnss nu bbs4nushu s+ *+shsc+ 2+*+ *+.bbs 4s% schs0"b<ndu"4s du40hnss% lc sl+bchu cu*hDul )*sn <n *c*u)c*c% dh* cs <4s 0cn3snchu h*0h h 0c*cu <n2lb*s bh*c. Pu c*ch 0sls h*+ c bh.+ h *c)u h3scs% c+cs un su/c*hn dc.h*0h c un lcu 0b* % )c ch*c )<n+ 4s sc)u*ss <l snsul + 57. Kc*nhndb% du)+ cc"h ss)*+/s <n S)hnsh *+.bbsul <0b+ *<ns 56% nu 4s"h dc.0c0b*h cschd*bhnclc: s"h sluDs d*c) <n/+3+ u*+ dc 0sn c <ncc)u ul lus% cu nc)+s+ b*ul Rbd*sgb: lc"h 0u h h*cnh 4s% scb"3<ndu"4s h*0h clc dsn S)hnsh% h 2+cu dsn clc .sd /su *cgh clb* shlc. s"h cunbscu 0h*ch )u c*c 4s h 4 su s+ 4s"b h)*ccsc.c: luhsc )ulsul 2b*3clb* shlc 4s h 4 su s+ lc 2blbschsc+: lc 0+su*hsc )c cclc hlc du40hnslb* s+s 4s h 4 su s+ lc )*c/sn+. Scb3<ndu"s )c s)hnsbls <n )*b/sncsslc s *+snc% s"h )*c2+cu <n lcs: h hc<ndu"s 0c*cu )c 2*hncc.s% s"h <n/sns 0c*cu 4s nu lc"h dh nscsbdh + bch.sc s"b )*c" <n <0)snc. <n3clcgch hd<nc nh3sslc 4s lc 2+cch )h)h*h du)+ gus ul lb*. Dh* <nsu4s*ch c0sncn + h hccs us 0h*c )bls scshn h 2bs hccch dc h 2hcc b dchunh *+.bbs cu )*h2 dc )u4c+ su*d5(% hdsc+ 2+*+ .gb0b ul )*s0cDdsbs 4s /hn hl <nh*0+*ss% 2+*+ .u*bhlc dc c2cc % ch*c"s <n4 ssn3ch.+ dsnhsn c )c hd/c*sh*s% <s s*s + )c ncu *s 4s"s *c.csc )c b3s. K+*+ h sc h2c*h% bcu)h b 2b* +*ch3+ <n H2*sch% un *cgh <n S)hnsh% b snsul+ <n bcchn% un b*h4 <n S hlsh% 4s bh c hccs ch cu s)*sn cnchlh unus lcu. N"h 2bs b0 ch*c s+ cunbhsc+ h < dc bsnc )*slcDul uncs hc3suns% 0b0cn ul )*sclnsc hl uncs h2hcc*s% b)b* uns h ch )cn *u bh c.
Luh )h* c <n )c*sbhn+% shu )*sn cch h 0h*ss shlc cbnsbh* c% ch*c"& cghlh% lh hc3sunslc <nsc0nh c dsn+un *ul S)hnscs. #cs s + )*bblc0+ )bls sc+5B% hnu0c dhc+ su/c*hnul *cbusc s+ hsss c <n *"un ccn *u )*sn )*c.cn3+% 4s"n bh c )+*3slc )*sn )b cn +
57 56
snsult6 Cs. Br., B(% )h*h2*h.h*c h )*b/c*bulus >0uc* b cl lcbn% lhs lscb*cs lc hndhn hl*cdcdb*" ;>lculus 0b* <s dhu sc)u*ss bcbl"E. r0!!sul *"!tr*nst6 Sc *c2c*+ lh 0ul sscculh*ul *+.bbs <0)b *s/h 0hu*slb*% Rcc!nAussth, <nchcsh )*sn cucc*s*ch G*hnhdcs% ul s0h )bscssunc 0hu*+% <n &('7. 5( prhk dc pu4c surd. #c.s C*s % SSS% &&% Uns/c*s% &'85% ). 57A% )h*hg*. > = Sc cu/snc s+ 4 s3s... "% undc h0 *hdus )*ch sn c*)*c h s/ )*sn >)ulbc*c dbss +"% *+0<n<nd ch lh b /ss bh*c *ccds h*c h Crstsc!nulus s+ uns2sc+0 cclc dbu+ lbcu*s sub 2b*0ulh >)*h2 dc )u4c+ su*d"% 0hs cChc +. 5B Dcstst pr!!lc" p!lstsc6 >H 2bs unh dsn *c )*bblc0clc cclc 0hs hnhls.h c dc sc*ss b*ss )bls scs s)hnsbls. Du)+ cc h 2bs 2b*0ulh + sns3shl <n Du*ul h)blbgscs 0h*slb* c+)s hns 2+cu c dc Dscgb G*hcssn GDc Rc hkslsthrs. Bh*cclbnh% &BA5P% u sls h ch 4s ccbul s"hu 2bs )*ccs.h c dc c+ *c hcs s4 s% )*sn *c ch*c% <n )*s0ul *<nd% sc
4s )*sn 4 s*c% shu dhc+. hsc0cnch sbh*clus% *cbusc s+ sc dc)lhsc.c )c b b*s.bn ul s0)c*sulus s+u% lu0sn<nd% <n*<u*snd 4s d<nd /sh3+ <n bh c )+*3slc. Sc g+scsc h*gu0cn c cbn/sng+ bh*c 4s cCc0)lc ns0c*s c h < )cn *u b )+*c*c% c< 4s )cn *u cchlhl +. Tb3s su/c*hnss hc s/s 4s ch*c hu s+/<*4s luc*u*s 0h*s hu hsss h <n )c*sbhn+ lh ss)*+/s. <n 2clul hccs h% Mhgnul HlcChnd*u% <n .ccc hns% h )hcs2sch G*ccsh% h su)us Pc*ssh% h <0bl<n.s Scs3sh% h 2*uc s2sch Sndsh 4s h cucc*s B*scn ul% u0)l<nd lu0ch dc g*bh.+ 4s )bs c*s h ch dc 2hs0+. Khs0bsul Cc.h* h dbb<nds csncs *su02u*s? ccl ghlsc% subDugh + K*hn3h% cucc*s + B*s hnsh% <n2*<nh + Gc*0hnsh: ccl hlcChnd*sn% <ngcnunchch P blb0cu: ccl h2*schn% b+ u Subh: ccl )bn sc% u0sls Phh*nhccs: ccl hss)hnsc% s snsc *+0+4s3clc lus Pb0)csus. Cclcb*ul Hhnnsbhl% lh dbu+.ccs dc hns% h bcu)h Shgun ul% h <n/sns csncs gcnc*hls 4s *cs cbnsuls *b0hns 4s% <n b+ +lsh dc lh Chnnhc% nbu+.ccs dc 0ss dc scnh b*s5A. M+*sns0bsul Hugus us h <nchcsh <n chs) 2c*scs csncs *+.bbhsc cs/slc% h <n*bbs dbu+s)*c.ccc nh3ss bh*bh*c% 4s bh c cclc dsn uns/c*s s"hu *s0ss h0bhshdb*s 4s dh*u*s. T*hshn h 0u h 2*un h*sslc S0)c*sulus dc cchlhl + )h* c h Tsg*ulus 4s Cu2*h ulus. Ch*bl ccl Mh*c 4s"h sns hu*h c *h*hsh 4s 4s"h dbb<nds /cnc*hbslh c+*un c3c cu cclc *cs cb*bhnc. Mhhb0cd h cucc*s *cs s0)c*ss% dbu+s)*c.ccc *cgh c 4s )cs c dbu+ su c dc b*h4c. H dh 4s c<4 sgh Cucc*s b*ul dbn Jhs0c *cs.ccs dc b+ +lss <n c<0) dcschss. Gcnghss"hhn h su)us nbu+ *cgh c 4s h dss *us b h < ch. B b S s"h *+.bbs *cs.ccs dc hns% *su02<nd hsu)*h Gc*0hnscs% Bbc0scs 4s Ungh*scs 4s hsu)*h Bc*cngh*slb* 55 <n S hlsh. H Dc2us bh + Hssh Th0c*lhn% .ss G*bh.h lu0ss% ch) u"*<ndu"& )c Bhsh.sd% cu 0bh* ch h dbu+ su c dc 0ss dc u*cs% )us"
*c0h*c+ Hlh0bs Bh**scn bs ;Thcs b Csphn!l). Guc/cdb s"h )*bnun3h 4s cl <n lcg+ u*+ cu )*c.cn3h 0sls h*+ h su/c*hnslb*% sublsnssndu"s c2schcs h ch cCc0)lh*+ <n )*s0cDdss ?P!lstsch dc Ds!s, G!!sc"! dc Crsst!)... Hcchs + chcs sunc h < dc cbn *b/c*sh + h 2bs *cdus+ <n cclc dsn u*0+% )*sn *c g<nds b*ss s)hnsbls% lh snbs cn h3sh )*udcn +... " ;H. Kc**h*s% !p. cst, )). 75'"789E. 5A scnht!rs6 Nu )bh c 2s nscsdccu0 /b*bh dc nbu+.ccs dc 0ss ;QQE dc 0c0b*s hs scnh ulus *b0hn ch*c h* 2s luh )h* c lh cclcb*h lu) + dc lh Chnnhc ;7 hug. 7&A <.C*.E. Cu/<n ul scnhd!rcs dsn cC h*c% dcssgu*% scnsul dc lu) + b*s dc cls + shu /c c*hns hs hl b* 0h*s b+ +lss: nu0+*ul lb* dsn cC cbsncsdc h)*bh)c cu ccl *chl <ns+% *u)clc *b0hnc 2ssnd hlc+ us c cu hccl )*slcD dsn cch 89999 dc )cdcs *h4s 4s A 999 dc c+l+*c3s. 55 trsu"k*nd hsu)*h Bcrcn#hrsl!r6 Bc*cngh* S% <ncb*bnh ch *cgc hl S hlscs <n 888 4s ch <0)+*h lh Rb0h <n '&A% h 2bs hshssnh lh #c*bnh <n '7(. Bc*cngh* hl SS"lch dc S/*ch ;'B9='A&E% 0b* <n 'AA% s"h *ccunbscu /hshl <n 2h3h lus B b S. PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL &&5
ssnd <n *cs hns Hlbhnsh% S/s*sh% H*0cnsh% Pc*ssh% Mcsb)b h0sh 4s Cgs) ul. Bblcslh/ hl Pblbnscs s"h <n/sns )c )*u cns% shCbns% chsubs% )b0c*hnscns% )c Bblcslh/% *cgclc Bbc0scs% )c Sh*bslh/% ducc dc Nsssh% s0)un<ndu" 4s )u c*ch )<n+ lh 2lu/sslc Ts*h 4s Bb*ss cnc 4s <n+l3<nd cclc dbu+ cblbhnc dc 0c hl 58. Mh*clc Mbgbl h b+gh g*bh.h <n Hssh 0hhb0cdhn+ cu b) su c dc 0ss dc lu) + b*s 4s 4s"h h4c.h s0)c*sul <n *c cclc dbu+ 2lu/ss% Sndul 4s Ghngclc5'. B) .ccs dc hns h <nchsnh lu) cs <0)b *s/h 0hu*slb* /sc b*sbsul dbn Hlbnsb Cn*sFuc.% ccl dsn <s *cgc hl Pb* ughlscs% <n/sng<nd <n ds/c*sc csbcns*s b) *cgs 4s dcsc+)+3<n<nd"s )c 4h) c dsn *c cs. H cucc*s Ss0hsl Sh2s Pc*ssh% Mcsb)b h0sh% Mcdsh% Ch)hdbcsh% S/s*sh% H*0cnsh 4s Hlbhnsh89. Ch*bl Gusn ul s"h u0sls )c ccs 0hs 0h*s su/c*hns )c ch*c"s h/ch lu0ch? &"h luh )*s.bnsc* )c ccl hl K*hn3cs% &"h dcscu*hDh )c u*c% &"h /<*< <n <nchssbh*c )c ccl hl McCsculus% &"h )*sns )c Snch% &"h bs*us )c ccl hl Tunssulus 4s )c 0ul3s hl3ss. Dh* bh + hd0s*h3sh s sc <nchsn+ 0h*ss Sc0s*h0sdh% cch ch*c h <n c0csh Bhbs"lbnul? nc0ul3u0sndu"sc cu 2bh* c <n snsh 0bnh*hsc h Hss*scs% h cucc*s Cgs) ul% h h hch Sndsh 4s% cbnduc<nd un 0slsbn dc bh0cns cu dbu+ 0ss dc nh/c% &"h <n/sns )c h)clc 2lu/sulus Snd )c *cgclc S hu"*bbh cs8&: <n s0) cc"4s h*hnDh )+*ul% s sc d+du dc /cs c c+ Bhbslbnul sc *+sculhsc 4s% 2+*+ h"4s ss)*+/s )bdbhbh% 0c*sc% /+.u 4s <n/snsc. H4h <nc< b3s su/c*hnss c*bs% ccs ch*c hu s+/<*4s 2h) c dc /s cDsc 0+*c3c% 4s"hu cbndus )c*sbnhl h*0h clc. s cs*culh un )*b/c*b )bls sc )*sn *c b b0hnss bclscb4s% hccs )*s0s cucc*s b*s% c+ /sc b*sh nu c dc)lsn+ dhc+ nu c dc 2h3+ 4s Mh*clc S +)<n. C<nd un *cgc <4s /cdc sbldh3ss% <s *+s)l+ c4 c% sh* )*c.cn3h lus 2hcc c< <nc+ b h*0h +. Cu nu0hs b su + 4s cu *cgcscul s+u cu*hD s"h <ncu0c h *cgclc dbn Pcd*b ccl Mh*c hl H*hgbnulus s+ sc b)un+
58
... cclc d!u c!l!hnc dc "cthl6 Tbh c dh clc dsn )h*hg*h2ul hccs h% )*c.cn h c cu dcs ul+ h)*bCs0h3sc% hu 2bs culcsc dc G*hcs1n dsn c+*3s )*ccu0 cch h lus M. P. S *hns2s% Rcspu!lsch B!hc"shc, L!bn% &A6(% ch*c sc g+sch <n bsblsb cch lus Lhs" hnbsh. 5' Mhrclc M!#!l...6 Ph*hg*h2ul hccs h c dcs2sgu*h dc g*c4cls <n cds3sh )*sncc)s% *c)*bdus+ <n BP"BG.BC S% 2+*+ nscs b cC)lsch3sc. U*0+0 cC ul clh*s2sch dsn HH"BG.BC. ). A7b? >H c**b cl Hssh 0hhb0c hnh cl G*hn Mbgb* cbn bchbcscn bs 0ss cb0bh scn cs ! hscn A sus0)c*sb cn *c lbs dbs *sbs Sndb ! Ghngcs".
89
Hl!hnsh6 <n c)bch *b0hn+% nu0clc unus 3snu dsn Hssh dc sud"/cs % )c cbhs h M+*ss Chs)scc% cb*cs)un.<nd <n 0h*c H.c*bhsdDhnulus hc uhl. 8& Sc"srh"sdh... Sth-u!!htcs6 Pc*sbnhDc lcgcndh*c% c+*b*h <ns+ G*hcs1n lc hcb*d+% ch 4s <n hl c ch.u*s hsc0+n+ bh*c% *chls h c ss b*sc+ ssgu*+. &&8 PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL
*cgclus K*hn3cs% Ksls)% ch*c sn *hsc <n Ch hlbnsh cu 4h) cs)*c.ccc 0ss 4hsc su c dc ch/hlc*s% b3s dc nch0% b su + dc 0ss dc )cdcs *h4s bsnc <nh*0h3s% csncs.ccs dc 0ss dc gcns4 s 4s b) .ccs dc 0ss dc ch <*s dc )b/h*+. Dbn Pcd*b ssngu* h 2bs dc hDuns ch s+"s .+g+.ushsc+ 2u*sh b /*c0c 4s% cu un hDu b* 0bdc*h % s"h /cns h)bs dc hhc lus Ksls) 4s <n *cgss shlc h*0h c. Sh*dhnh)hl 4s"h )sc*du 0bnh*hsh dc hu* )cn *u c+ sc 3snch dc b*s )c ds/hnclc Dbsnscc hlc <*2clb* shlc. Dh*sus h )sc*s cu dcs2+ +*slc shlc 4s% dhc+ s"h dus s+"s 3sn+ )sc) lus HlcChnd*u% c<nd n"h 0hs h/u <ncb *b% h 2+cu "b cu l+ncs dc hu* 4s ch*c dc 2sldc4. Pcn *u c+ n"h /*u s+ )sh*d+ nscs b 2lbh*c dsn g*+dsnslc shlc% Ghllscnus h l+sh s+ sc )sh*d+ dbu+.ccs dc )*b/sncss 4s h *+bdh s+ s sc *+./*+ chsc+ *cs.ccs dc s*hns. Rbd*sgb s"h )sc*du 0hs <n <s <n )hcch dcs2+ + bh*c 4s hbsh du)+ hccch <n b+ +lsc. Nc)+s+ b*ul Cbns hn sn87 s"h l+sh <ncc*cus lh cu* ch 4s <n )hlh ul s+u% 4s )c cl% ch*c nu /bssc h )lcch <n c+u h*ch du40hnulus% h /cns du40hnul s+"& chu c lh Cbns hn snb)bl. Sc <n b*cchu 2hs0b4ss )*sncs)s Hugus us. T*hshn 4s Tcbdbssc /sc b*sb4s <n Rb0h lb*% sh* Tsbc*su% Nc*b. Chlsgulh% Db0s3shn 4s Hclsbghbhl .+cchu <n ch ch <n 0bcs*lh dclcc +*slb* lb*. C+cs nu c hdc/+*h + lsns4 c cch ch*c nu c dbb<nds + cu 0s4ch*ch ncccsh*+. Mul *+u hu 2+cu ccs dbs Ludb/scs86% ccl hl Pblbnscs 4s ccl hl Ungh*scs% 4s cul0ch h 2bs )b* ughc.ul dbn Scbhs shn cu *hgcdsslc lus? c0c*s h ch sh s"h 2+cu )cs c 0+su*+ dc cu0sn3s )c hl3s su/c*hns: cs 4s"hu )sc*du *cgh clc dh b*s + cu c.hn3cs% dh* hu 2+cu ch hl3ss s+ 4s lc )sh*d+ dsn <n/+3h*c dc 0sn c. Ds0)b *s/+% dh b*sh unus *cgc c s+ cb0hndc% nu s+ cCccu c 4s% ch h h*c% cc*ul <s cs c )blbgul *bnulus% nu cb* ul. Cs c ch) 4s% ch s+ 4s"l )+.chsc+% )<n+ 4s hns0hlclc <4s cC)un% 0+dulh* cu 0+dulh*% b *u)ul. Csnc bh*c /h 0hs sus3snc ch un su/c*hn s+"4s cC)un+ /sh3+ 4s *cgh 4s bnbh*c *ssculus sb*3ss% du)+ h < ch <n/+3+*s dc 0sn c hn scc 4s 0bdc*nc? h unus #hlc*shnus <0)+*h % 2+cu sc+uncl )cn *u )scsbh*clc bh*bh*ulus Sh)b*8(: h unus Bhsh.sd% ch) s/ hl lus
8?
Ncpst!rul C!nsthntsn6 Cbns hn sn hl @l"lch Phlcblbgul% ul s0ul <0)+*h hs Bs.hn3ulus ;&(('"&(B6E. ccs d!s Lud! scs6 Ludb/sc S hl Pblbnscs ;&659"&687E% dsn dsnhs sh dc HnDbu. ch*c h db0ns 4s <n Ungh*sh% dsn &659. Ludb/sc hl H"lch Jhgscllb hl Ungh*scs ;&B&A"&B7AE. 8( Shp!r6 Sh)b* S% *cgc hl )c*4slb*% sc u*c+ )c *bn <n 7(9 <. C*. 4s <ncc)c s+ h hcc )*b/sncsslc *b0hnc% n+/+lc4 c <n Mcsb)b h0sh% cucc*c4 c Ch**hc 4s Nssssbss% hDungDnd )<n+ <n Hn sbhsh. Gb*dshnus hl SlS"lch *cu4c4 c s+ *cs hbslchsc+ g*hns3h )c Cu2*h . PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL &&'
86
Th0c*lhn% <nchss <n cu4c+ dc hu*% )cdch)s+ )c 0+su*h s+lb+ scscs shlc: h unus nc2c*scs #lhdsslh/% *cgc hl Pblbnscs% )+c+ls dc sbh* +% *+u s2+ us dc hs s+s% /sc b*sbs <n/sns% )*c2+cu <n nscb/hl+ h sh hghnclb* scnscc*c4 s: h)bs h unus dbn Hl2bnsb hl H*hgbnulus% dss)+*u lh K*hgh% dcbh*ccc ns0cns nu s"h* )u ch l+udh c+ h /+.u un *cgc h*hgbnc. <n/sns 4s 0b* : h)bs h unus *cgc K*hncssc hl K*hn3cs% .ss Mh*clc dbh* )cn *u ch S)hnsh s+ hsb+ un 0h*c ch) s/: h unus Scbhs shn% sbh*c ccls)sh lh *+s+*s dc lunslc h2*schncO H lu) h Cc.h* bsnc ch s+ hDung+ <0)+*h % sh* #hlc*shnus *+u ch s+ nu 0hs 2sc. Hl0hn.b* h cucc*s S)hnsh )*sn c+)s hnss s+s 4s H2*sch h )+s *h "b cl <nsu4s. Mhs 0ul c /sc b*ss h dbb<nds <0)+*h ul Ch*bl Gusn ul hbscn dsn *<ndul b4 slb* shlc dcc< )*c.cn . Unss *cgs hu luh )h* c lh b+ +lss ch s+"4s *sdscc 0bnh*hsslc% dh*% b dh + s h b*nscs c% n"h* 2s 2bs db/hd+ dc )*udcn3+ s+ *s4 c b ul. P*chnb*bcbsul *cgc dbn Mhnucl hl Pb* ughlscs nu sc ducch s+ chu c /sc b*sslc <n H2*sch 4s"n Hssh% c+cs /cnchu clc lh d<nsul 4s"s sn *hu )c )b*3s% sh* B*scn ul h /cns s+ s sc )*bs c*nc.c lh )scsbh*c. Dh*% <n *c hccs c dbu+ cC *c0c% )*ch)*udcn ul Kc*nhndb h g+ss 0sDlbcsh? nscs s+ u0blc b s0)ul ch Hhd*shn% nscs s+ lcnc/chsc+ )*ccu0 Ghllscnus. Nu 4s"h s hbsls cu* ch <n nscs unul dsn b*h4clc S)hnscs% 2sc )cn *u c+ nu 4s"h cbnssdc*h 0bnh*hsh dc2sns s/+% n+.usnd )u*u*ch lh 0hs 0ul % 2sc dsn Dudcch h )*b2und+ dc h nu 2hcc ch) b nh3sc 4s )scsbh*c hl h. Punc h < dc /*cdnsc dc h cn3sc% <nc< dsn hcchs + )*scsn+ )bls scscnss *cgs hs Chsncs hu dcsc0nh dbu+ b*h4c% Pc2sn 4s Nhn2sn% d*c) scdss hlc 0+*c3scs lb*% lu<nd sch0h c<nd lh )*b)*sh lb* cb0bds h c% <n hl c*nh*ch )b)hsu*slb* <n *h)b* cu /s *cgsslc /*c0ss% c<nd lh ssgu*hn3h su)u4slb*% 2+c<ndu"4s"s cghls <n 2h/b*u*s 4s *hngu*s. <n bh c 0bnh*hsslc h cCss h <n b dchunh un ccn *u *cgcsc hl )u c*ss. Hu 2bs hs 2cl unclc b*h4c% )cn *u c+ 0bnh*hsh <n clc h <ncc)u . H4h h 2bs Rb0h? ch) hl 0h*clus cs s0)c*su 4s% h)bs% hl <n *cgss lu0s: c0)b*su <ncb*bnh hl u u*b* bbg+3sslb*% dcs2+ +*slb*% 0+*c3sslb* 4s 0snunslb* shlc: 0h0+ uns/c*shl+ h nh3sslb*% ch*c h hDuns s+ hsb+ csncs 0slsbhnc dc su2lc c. Hl clc hu 2bs )*sn hlcgc*c% 3sn<nd sch0h dc 2blbhsc% 2sc hlc )bls scss% 2sc hlc ccbnb0scs% cu0 h 2bs Cbns hn snb)blul% 0hs <n <s hl s0)c*sulus c*c4 sn% h)bs hl hcclush b b0hn% hlcgc*ch sh db/cdsndu"sc% 4s )*s0h% 4s h dbuh bh*+% ns0c*s +% <n *uc< hccs b*h4 s0)c*shl c ss uh <n ccl 0hs bun lbc dsn lu0c% lh hb h*clc Cu*b)cs 4s Hsscs% db0sn<nd 0h*ch CuCsn+ 4s P*b)bn sdh% chcsc h h0bclb* 0+*s% ccn *u hl )*b/sncsslb* T*hcscs%
&79 PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL
*cgsn+ h b*h4clb* Cu*b)cs% )*sn 2*u0usc3ch h4c.+*ss shlc% )*sn <nlcsns*ch )b* ulus% 0+*c3sh cds2scsslb*% bbg+3sh
cb0c*3ulus% bcl4ugul cb*+bsslb*% 4s cu* c h Mh*clus Tu*c. Cu* c s"h n+scu 0h*ch Nsns/c <n ccl dsn <s s0)c*su hl lu0ss% ccl hl hss*scnslb*% 4s h < dc 0ul h c*cscu % <nc< h hDuns s+ 0+sbh*c *cs .slc dc d*u0% du)+ Ds/snh Ss b*sc. S"h luh cu ch lh <n *ccc*c Bhbslbnul% cu* c h su/c*hnslb* chldcs% cu cclc b su + dc )b*3s dc b*bn.% .sdu*s dc csncs.ccs dc cb3s l+3s0c 4s )cs c dbu+ su c <n+l3s0c% cu cclc *cs 0ss dc u*nu*s hlc shlc. L"h .sds Sc0s*h0sdh% &"h 0+*s Nhbucbdbnbsb*% 4s <nc+ h < dc 0ul % <nc< H*ss b cl *clh ch.+ c+. du)+ cc h 2bs cucc*s 4s Dc2us % b )h* c dsn cl h h2lh "b hbsh du)+ *cs .slc 8B. Us <nd <ns+ cu*3slc dc 0ul us h clb* s0)c*ss% Ph*ssul h 0c*s h s+ 2sc cc h c dc schun h *cgslb* s+s )*chc*c4 sns dc 0hs bsnc dc b 0sc dc hns% dh b*s + <0bcl4ug+*ss )+0<n ulus s+u% cu )cs c dbu+s)*c.ccc 0ss dc h4c.+*s lh .ccc lcghc dc .sdu*slc shlc% 2ssnd hs +.s ccl 0hs 0h*c b*h4 hl c*c4 sn+ +3ss? Lbnd*h. <n Hnglsh% )*sn h *hc3sh c<0)scs 4s )*sn h)clc nh/sghbslc hlc Th0sscs. 2lu/sul s+u: #scnh% <n Gc*0hnsh% )*sn )u c*c 4s c*cdsn3+: S bc2hbl0ul% <n Sucdsh% )*sn 0snunch gbl2ulus 4s 2*cc/cn h*ch )b* ulus s+u: C*hcb/sh% <n Pblbnsh% <0)+*3s + <n hl clc *cs% /cs s + )*sn 4cblslc 4s )u c*nsc+ )*sn chs clclc shlc: Mbscb/h% <n Mbscb/sh% )*sn c*cnul s+u s+n+ bs% undc nscsbdh + n"h )u u )+ *undc csu0h% h < dc )b)ulh +% <nc< sc nu0+*+ )*sn *c cclc )h *u 0hs 2hs0bhsc dsn Cu*b)h: Thu*ss% <n Pc*ssh% <ncununh cu g*+dsns% udh dc b 0sc dc s./bh*c% sc+ldh dc un hc* d+ + b* dc s+n+ h c 4s h)*b/s.sbnh cu b sbsul dc dclscss: Ch0bhlu. <n Th*" h*sh% cu un cb0c*3 h < dc sn cns% <nc< <n cl sn *+ hnuhl c< c b 0sc dc ch*c cu 0+ hsc dsn Chsnh% bs*usndu"lc )c bh c )*sn sb0) ub.s h ch 4s 0hgns2scscn3h )hlh ulus s+u: Sh0h*chnd% lh 0bngbls% <0bbg+3s 0hs <n <s cu bh c )*+.slc dsn Hssh <n *chg+% 4s cu h < h 0+*c3sc% <nc< <n cl sc h2lhu dc bbsccs 4hs.ccs dc 0ss dc chs? Kc.% <n Bc*bc*sh% ccl 0hs 2*u0bs 4s 0hs )b)ulh dsn H2*sch% cc h c <ncsns+ 4s chsh* )+ *uns+ dc b*h3clc *<ulus cs% c0)b*su *cgcsc dc ls c*c 4s bbg+3ss. Kc*nhndb h l+sh hcchs + hlcgc*c <n sch0h nb*bculus u*0h4slb* s+s% ch*c% b dh + s h b*nscs + 0bnh*hsh% hu hlcs Mhd*sdul% 2ssndc+ c ccn *u hl S)hnscs 4s dh b*s + c*cnulus s+u shlub*u.
8B
... h!sh dup trcs 0slc6 #c.s H*ss b cl% P!lstsch, SSS% &% &&. PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL &7&
Lh hc3sunslc dsn h2h*h S)hnscs% ch*c n"hu 2bs cclc 0hs )u3sn glb*sbhsc% hsss h% dhc+ nu )*sn )*c.cn3h% )*sn cbnducc*ch sh% <nc*cdsn3h + unb* c+)s hns 2hs0b4s% /scc*cgs )*udcn3s% h0bhshdb*s h cn3s% c*cscu3s lh 4cbhlh sh% hbsbl/cn3s hs hlcgc*ss shlc. Hcchs + 0h*c sluDb+ h db0nscs nu sc )bh c cCc*cs h dc unul ssngu*. C <0)+* +4s + <n *cgss sc*ss dc 0sns4 *s% ch*c s<n *cgs nc0sDlbcs3s. Cc 2blbs c+ su/c*hnul c cCcclcn <n ssnc% dhc+ hDu bh*clc lus <l dssc*cds ch.+O C*h *cgc lu0snh S cnbn hl SS"lch hl Sucdscs8A% Lsh* /scc*cgss s+s nc/*cdnscs l"hu <n uncch . Ch*bl dc HnDbu c*h )l+cu )*sn <n.cs *+*slc shlc *cgc4 s? h 2bs dc cs h dsn )*scsnh sncchs +3ss 0sns4 *slb* s+s% <n hsc0cnch 0+su*+% <nc< h )sc*du *bdnscul *cgh hl Sscslscs. <n hcch sch*+ 0c0b*hbsl+85. Hsu)*h ch)ulus sc"hbh g*c4clslc shu succcsclc cclb*lhl c 0+dulh*c subb*dbnh c. Hu cCss h *cgs% <n *u ns0sc h/hn hDh3s dc )*b)*sh lb* )c*sbhn+% dh* ch*c hu dc/cns cC *c0 dc cclcb*s dh b*s + c0sncn3cs 0sns4 *slb* lb*. Cs l"hu 2+cu nc0u*s b* )c Sus" snshn? Nh*scs 4s Bclssh*sc% <nh*0h3s? Tcb2sl 4s T*sbbnshn% bgh3s. s% ds0)b *s/+% hu cCss h *cgs c0sncn3s <n ssnc% dh* ncnb*bcb4s )*sn sns *u0cn clc db0nscs. Slus *h Mh*gh*c h h 0c*s h )*sn )c*sbhnh cs s+ 2sc *cgsn+ h Dhnc0h*ccs% Nb*/cgscs 4s Sucdscs? n"hu 0c*s h "b <ns+ <0)u c*nscs3ss s+s% 4s ch 4s" h )sc*du *cgh clc. s c )+ch s+ )sh*+ sncs s0hbslh *c)u h3sc *cghl+ h unus 0hCs0 Ch*lbs <n S)hnsh% nu dsn /snh lus% c+cs n"h h/u "b% cs dsn hccch h gu/c*nh b*slb* s+s hh sh3s. Un *cgc cu 0h*c ch)hcs h c 4s"b db/cdc4 c% <n cbnsccsn3+% 4s )*sn 0h*ch"s 4 ssn3+ dc"h hlcgc. Dbn Cn*sFuc hl Sll"lch hl Chs slscs ;hcclh ch*c sc 2+lch c+ c 0h*c c<*0us b*% 4s cu hdc/+*h h 2bs E <s )*c3ush cC *c0 dc 0ul )c 0sns4 *ss cCcclcn3s% h < <n h*0h +% c< 4s <n gu/c*n% 2ssndc+ lc 4 sh <nsc0n+ h ch. Ksls) hl SS"lch% ccl )*udcn % <s 0cn3snch b dchunh <n *"b dc)cndcn3+ 0c4 c4ugs +% c0)c*<ndu"lc 0ul clc s)c*hn3c cu cc/h
8A
Stcn!n6 <n b*sgsnhl% Cstn!n. Nu h0 )u u sdcn s2sch )*ccss hccs )c*sbnhD ss b*sc. Kc**h*s $!p. cst., ).6'7E /b*bc4 c dc >Cs cnbn SS cl Jb/cn. *c! dc Succsh. 0bnh*ch )*s0c*b dc lbs sc0)bs 0bdc0bs Fuc cs h G*hcs1n". Sc )bh c /b*bs <ns+ nu0hs dc dbs *cgcn3s cu nu0c hsc0+n+ b*? S cn S u*c ccl B+ *<n ;&(5&"&(5' 4s &B9&"&B96E 4s S cn S u*c ccl T<n+* ;&B&7"&B79E. 85 hcch schr "c"!rh!sl6 Sc *c2c*+ lh >#ccc*nsslc sscslscnc"% *+scbhlh )b)ulh*+ hn s2*hncc.+ ;69 0h* sc &787E% <n u*0h c+*csh 2*hncc.ss hu 2bs s.gbns3s dsn Sscslsh% Ch*bl dc HnDbu cbn snu<nd s+"4s 0cn3sn+ hu b*s h ch dbh* hsu)*h Rcgh ulus Nch)blclus.
&77
sh ss2hc3ss% c+cs c b h* + <n ssnc hccch dc h 4 s s+"3s cbnducs 0sns4 *ss% s+ 3s"s 2hcs 4s s+ 3s"s )+s *c.s. Unss h *sbusc nb*bculus 2h) ul c+ un *cgc h*c 0sns4 *s buns? cs c <ns+ 0hs 0ul % 2sc )*udcn3+ <n h 4 s s+"s hlcgs% 2sc 4 ssn3+ <n h c )*scc)c s+"s 2hcs. Un *cgc <n3clc) nu nu0hs <s hlcgc buns% cs <s 4s 2hcc% <s 2b*0ch.+% <s <n/h3+. C+ s<n )b *s/s3s nu 3snc dc su/c*hn: h cunbh4 c dhc+ s<n % dh. B0ul )bls sc <s 2b*0ch.+ )bls scscns. Ludb/sc hl @l"lch hl K*hn3cs lc s0)*s0h chsh* 4s bh0cnslb* 0hs dc *<nd% )c ch*c"s sbcb ch cl 0hs 0hnc/*hbsls 4s 0hs dbcsls% s)s*s ul s+u )bls sc? sn clsgcn3h sh <n h dcscb)c*s% /sclcnsslc shlc <n h )*c/cns% dsb+csh sh dc h ncgbcsh% h* h sh dc h sc )u* h. Ccl /s ch. 4s cCc*sh <n h*0c <s scbh c 0h*s *+.bbsnscs: cb* ul <0)+*h ulus Ch*bl Gusn ul h 2bs sc0snh* dc c+)s hns /cs s3s. H s+/<*4s luc*u*s 0h*s dc unul ssngu*% 4s <nc+ 0hs 0h*s )*sn cs: nb*bcul s+u cC *hb*dsnh* <s
0bls)sch 4s"s hDu h. H4h <nc< )bls scshnul Ludb/sc <s 2hcc )bls scscns: b+ +sbsul dbn Jhs0c% /s cDs: <n3clc) ul Ch*bl 2*hncc.% <n3clc)3s: c<*0us b*ul Cn*sFuc hl Chs slscs% 0h*s c<*0us b*s: s2<n ul Kc*nhndb% d*c)3s: )*udcn ul Ksls)% )*udcn3s: <0)+*3s b*ul dc d*c) h c dbn Jhs0c hl H*hgbnulus% <0)+*3s b*s dc d*c) h c: 4s 0h*clc Ksls) hl S#"lch hl S)hnsslb*% )cn *u c+ c b ul% h h/u un 0snss *u% /*chu s+ .sc un h*hs0snss *u% )c cCcclcn sss0ul scnsb* dbn Ghs)h* dc Gu.01n% cbn c"ducc dc Bls/h*cs88% c0sncn <n b ul% 0h*c 0snss *u hl 0h*clus 0bnh*h: cu hdc/+*h u*sh4 cu b su + dc b*h3c% b su + dc <n3clcgc*s% b su + dc )*udcn3c? c+cs 2+*+ <ndbshl+ cc*ul h )*c/+.u % )cn *u cclc 0hs 0h*s )*s0cDdss hlc hccs cs ch blscc 0bnh*hss% )c ccs 0hs 0h*s b+*bh3s. Sh* 2h) ul c+ lu0ch <n *chg+ s"h cbnDu*h <0)b *s/h cs nu h 2bs dcc< )cn *u ch <n.cs *+*slc *cghlc 4s cclc duchlc s+ shs+ lh lu0snh uns/c*shl+ h <n *cgulus cbs0bs 4s h u u*b* /chcu*slb*. Ccch cc <ns+ &"h hDu h ccl 0hs 0ul )c Kc*nhndb s+ 2sc un su/c*hn dcs+/<*4s <n nb*bc 4s cu*hD hu 2bs slus *clc 4s c*bscclc
88
Bls hrcs6 Hdc/+*h ul cbnduc+ b* hl S)hnscs <n )*s0h )h* c h db0nscs lus Ksls) hl S#"lch ;&A7&"&AABE h 2bs % )<n+ <n &A(6% 2h/b*s ul *cgclus% Ghs)h* dc Gu.01n% cbn c"ducc dc Bls/h*cs ;&B85=&A(BE. G*hcs1n sc <nsc*sc% cu hccs c clbgss hs)c*bblscc% <n 0h*clc cb* hl hdulh b*slb* dc lh cu* c. Mhs <*.su% cu0 s)unc H. Kc**h*s $!p. cst., ). 6B'E h)h*c >)*bccsul dc *+cs*c" h hccs cs hdulh3ss% cbns h hbsl <n nu0c*bhsc lbcu*s dsn Crstsc!nuL PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL 123
<n.cs *+*s hlc nscsc<nd <ndchDuns clbgsh cs *cgsnc dbnh Sshbcl% ch blsch lus cbnsbh* +% hcch 0h*c )*sncs)cs+ ch*c% dc4s 2c0csc% h dc)+4s ls0s clc unus b+*bh . Mul bsnc hducc 2c0csh cch bun+ 4s )*udcn +% du)+ cu0 cch s0)*udcn +% 0ul *+u. Mh0clc% dsn *cs)cc % sb3sslc% dsn d*hgbs c% 2+) uscsc 0ul <0)*cun+ cu su/c*hnss. Mcsh cch <n3clch) + 4s cu0sn c h )u u % h < c< h *+s % s+ hcb)c*c% dhc+ nu s+ <n2*1nc.c% 0bns *ub.s +3slc lus Hclsbghbhl% nc)b ul cs. S2<n h <0)+*+ chs+ Clcnh h *c.+0ssls <n *u c*c4 snss0 4s"n *u bh + /s* u ch )c 0h*clc <0)+*h Cbns hn sn. C< s0) h *+s c*cdsncsbhsh"s 0h0+% K*cdc*sc <0)+*h ul8' h 2bs hl ul. Mh*c )h* c dsn c*bsch s2sn3cnsc h lus Ludb/sc hl S@"lch hl K*hn3cs sc dh b*c4 c <n/+3+ u*ss s)hnsblcs db2scs Blhnch% 0h*ch lus 0h0+. S2<n h h*hgbnc.+ dbnh Sshbcl% nc0u*s bh*ch *cgsn+ h Pb* ughlscs% h 2bs b*hcbl dc /s* u c 4s )hcc <n *c *cgclc dbn Dsns.'9% .ss N+scbcs b*ul% sb3ul cs% 4s )*sn3ul dbn Hlbnsb% .ss ccl b*h/% 2sul cs. Cu dsscs)lsnh cs *clsgsbhs+ b <n/sngch )c cch 0sls h*+% 4s cu )sc h ch cs% h dcs *+0h cschd*bhnclc <nh*0h c hlc unus h + <0)b *s/h unus 2su 4s hlc unus 2su <0)b *s/h unus h +. c*ucs <0)b *s/h c*ucslb* 4s s c0+ <n csncs'& h0cnsn3<nd s c0h <n csncs. Nc)*c3us h nbhs *+ *cgsn+ 4s dbh0n+% dbnh M+*g+*s h dc Hus *sh'7% bbg+3sh cch 0hs 0h*c h S)hnscs% h c+*cs s2<n h h0sn s*c c )u*u*s )*bhs)+ + <n )l<nsul nccu*0h % &"h 2+cu 4s 0hs s2<n )c sb3ul cs 4s h u0)lu lu0ch dc b succcssunc ch blsc+ dc h lhn3s hs c*cdsn3cs% dc cblu0nc hlc *clsgscs% dc sb*s hs c*c4 sn+ +3ss. Kc*scs su/c*hnul )c ch*c b 0h0+ )*udcn + 4s s2<n h <l hducc h dbuh bh*+ lh lu0snh /s* u3ss 4s% ch b u*sbhsc+ c*c4 sn+'6% <l )l+0+dc4 c cC c*sb* 4s l+un *sc.
8'
1rcdcrsc *"prhtul6 Sc *c2c*+ lh K*cdc*sc ;K*scd*schE S Bh*bh*bssh ;&&B7=&&'9E% <0)+*h *b0hn 4s *cgc gc*0hn. Mh0h lus h 2bs Juds h dc Bh/h*sh% gucl2+% )h* s.hn+ h )bls scss )h)hlc. '9 Dsns06 <n b*sgsnhl% Ds!nsss!. '& stc" *n csncs6 <n b*sgsnhl% Ausnhs, >s c0+ h *cgslb* Pb* ughlscs% )c ch*c h l+sh "b u*0h4slb* s+s dbn Hlbnsb% )*s0ul *cgc hl Pb* ughlscs% <n h0sn s*ch /sc b*scs shlc hsu)*h h csncs *cgs 0hu*s% dc lh ch*c h ch) u*h csncs s chgu*s 4s csncs scu u*s. Lh Dbcul dc hblc% Ausnhs <nsch0n+ csncs"csncs"% Cb/h**ubshs% Tcs!r! dc lh lcn#uh chstcllhnh, cd. Mh* sn dc RsFuc*% Cds b*shl Hl h KulJh% Bh*cclbnh% &'8'% ). 8'7. 2: Mr#rsth dc Hustrsh6 Sb3sh lus Ksls) hl SH"Sch. '6 urs!hsc crc4tsn6 C2. Sssdb* dsn Sc/sllh% Ct9"!l!#shc, &7%7%77? >u*sus 2c* u* dsc us% Fubd b*c sub 2b*0c 2c us Fuhss b*sus"% dccs ursus c dc*s/h dc lh !rsus, u*.chl+% )<n.+. PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL
Cu bh c hccs ch <n /bsn3h unus su/c*hn bbs4nusc4 c s+ )*ccu0)+nchsc+ 0hs 0ul d*hgbs ch sn cns+ h uncs sb3ss dcc< cch *cs)cc ubhs+ h uncs 0h0c: 0ul b*h lc"hu dh s *+lucs*c cbnsbh* clc lb* 4s )c 0ul3s hl3ss s"hu dssc*cds h . S"h /+.u hcchs + dcbscbs*c lh *cgclc dbn Juhn S hl H*hgbnulus% )c ch*c )*s0h sb3sc &"h 2+cu )l+cu /hshlslb* s+s% sh* h dbuh dc cs hbsl. Lh scCul hccs h )hssunslc db0ncsc dc bbsccs <n hsc0cnch 0+su*+% <nc< nu 0hs lhs+ lbc s2h ulus% *+bd+*ss% )*udcn3cs% )+*3s cscn3shlc hlc c<*0us*ss% sh* s*hnsh lb* s)b*c4 c cu )u c*ch. Dh* 2c0csh ch*c% cb*cc <ndu"4s 2s*ch% h dc/cns <n3clch) + 4s )*udcn +% h 2bs hs 2cl <n chs) nc<n *c*u) 4s% dc bbsccs% 2c0cslc 2bh* c b+*b+ bhsc hu 2bs 2bh* c )*udcn c. Hssgu*<ndu"sc dc bunh ch)hcs h c h cbnsbh* cs shlc% un su/c*hn <s )bh c dh )*slcD s+ cbdb0nchsc+% dh* b dchunh cu 0bdc*h3sc. K+cch c< dbs 0h*clc *cgc dbn Rh0s*b S hl Chs slscs% hDu h dc )*udcn3h 4s cu*hDul *cgsncs dbnh U**hch% sb3sh sh. s <nc+ 4s 0hs 0ul *cgclc dbn Juhn hl LT"lch hl H*hgbnulus% dc c+ *c *cgsnh dbnh Juhnh: <4s <0)+*3chu h0<ndbs 0unch? <n s0) cc *cgclc cbnducch bs slc <n *"un *cgh % *cgsnh <n *unch cu*3slc <n ccl+lhl 4s. ch lun+ s *+lucs bh*c% su)lsnch hbscn3clc )*chbcu)h ulus *cgc. Nu c 0ul s2h ul uncs 2c0cs% dh* bun: )cn *u c+ nu &"h u*0h . s"h )sc*du *cgclc dbn Juhn% ul s0ul hl Nh/h**cs'(% c<nd h* ss *cbus s+ sc 0cn3sn+ *cgc )*sn s2h ul hcclcsh ch*c &"h 2+cu *cgc. C bsnc ch un su/c*hn s+"4s 2c*chsc+ hu b*s h ch dc b3s. dh* s+ ccdc.c <n 2h3h *h3sunss <n ch.ul b*scus% 4s 0hs hlcs <n ch.ul uncs cbnsbh* c <n3clc) c 4s s2sn c. B sb*+ )*udcn +% cu0sn c 4s sscuss + )bh c s h 2bh* c bsnc )c lbcul uncs sb3ss shu 0h0c. H4h h 2bs % cu dbn
Cn*scb S hl Chs slscs% lu0snh h *cgsn+ h Lcbnulus% dbnh Bc*cnguclh% sb*h lus% <nc< % h < h s0) c< s"h s h hl+ u*s% Chs slsh s"h bucu*h dc lsns4 c. <n S)hnsh hu *ccu <n b dchunh d*c) b+*bh3s 2c0cslc /s*slc% sh* <n chsh dc Hus *sh clc hu 2bs 0c*cu )*c3us c 4s 2blbss c. Rh*+ 4s ssngulh*+ <n *c bh c h 2bs ch blsch *cgsn+ dbnh Sshbcl% cu b ch)hcs h c h < dc 0h*c% <nc< % hl+ u*s dc cch h unus *cgc h < dc 0h*c% h )u u s+ sc 2hc+ nu nu0hs cunbscu +% cs s+ 4s s *+lucchsc+. S"h db/cds 0hs <n <s c<nd &"h hlcs% h)bs c<nd &"h )*c3us . Kscch*c dsn *c ccs dbs )u ch 2hcc un sccbl dc hu* 4s b db0nsc )*ch2c*scs +% cu h < 0hs 0ul h0<ndbs lhblhl +Q
PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL &7B
Kc*nhndb h hDuns undc )u3sns hu hDuns% lh )unc ul cC *c0 hl )bls scss% 4s hnu0c s+ 2hc+ dsn gu/c*nh*ch lus dc)cndcn3+% hs 2cl <nc< 0bnh*hsh s+ 4 sc c+ h*c ch nc/bsc dc cl% 4s nu ds0)b *s/+: hccsh4s ch*c l"hu hlungh cu sng*h s udsnch lb* l"hu s0)lb*h cu *ug+0sn3slc lb*: l"hu g+ss Dsgns % dh* )*udcn % 4s hu sbcb s d*c) un *+u 0hs 0h*c s+ 2sc ls)ss3s dc Dudcc+3slc lus ns0c*s c dcc< s+ sc su)un+ sndsgnh cs shlc )*udcn3c. Pu3sns su/c*hns hu hDuns lh glb*sh hcchs h: 0hs nu0c*b4s hu 2bs ccs huls3s dcc< ccs db*s3s: 4s dhc+ dbn Shnchb h 0c*s h <n Chs slsh hccs *cnu0c% h 2bs 0hs 0ul <n c0csul uncs bsnc cbncc)u c s)c*hn3c dcc< hl uncs cC)c*scn3c <nc+*un3s c. N"h hDuns Ts us s+ <0)lsnchsc+ ccs 4hsc hns buns% 4s chsh* b) s0s% hs lus Nc*b. Unss hu 2bs *+)s3s <nhsn c ch *+u h ch s+ lc s *scc bunh Dudcch +'B. #h*sc h ch c 0h0h )l+cc*ss shu ccl )u3sn h hlsn+*ss% sh* schs0bh*ch su)c*sb*slb* h 2bs 0c*cu h)lhudhbsl+. 2+*+ h bbsc*/h c+ nc4hnsh cclus cc ss)*+/c4 c sc *hns2b*0+ dc bbsccs <n hl h dc hl sbs lh hcclh ch*c <ncc)c. Ssngu* Kc*nhndb h 2bs )*s/slcgsh cu hcchs + uns/c*shls h c% 2cnsC hl hu b*s +3ss% ch*c h *cn+scu <n *u ch <nc+ b dh +% 2ssnd h)lhudh ch unsc. S"h <n b*s <n Chs slsh cu *su02 <n *c)u h3sc 4s% clbgssndu"&% un 0h*c b0 )bls sc h hDuns s+ s)un+ c+ lchcul hccs cs 0bnh*hss% dc"h* 2s dcc+.u cu0/h% nu h* 2s hl ul dcc<l s+ <n/sc.c *cgclc ch blsc 4s s+ b *cs hu*c.c. <n c0csh +'A% Kc*nhndb s"h )*cbcu)h s+ b dcs+/<*4chsc+ <n bh c gcnu*slc dc )bdbhb+% cul u*+ 4s )c*2cc3sunc )bls sc+. Rb0ulus h <n c0csh Rc)ublsch *b0hn+: nu s"h dh )*slcD s+ b dcs+/<*4chsc+ 2sc <n bh*cc*ch )cdc)scs 2*h c*nc% 2sc h0+gs b*ul )*c0su hl Scnh ulus: bblsgh3sh hcchs h h *+0hs )cn *u u*0h4s? c+cs nu c cch 0hs )u3sn <nsc0nh + *cgul+ h )bls scss s+"& lh4s )c succcsb* <n chs) glb*sbs bblsgh % s+"s lh4s b c*bsc+ bblsgh3sc. Sn 2clul hccs h s"h *c.s Sbls0hn% <n+* )u3sn cC)c*s0cn h % 4s% cu *+scbhlh lus Gh.cl 4s h 0h0clucslb*% s"h )*c2+cu % dsn *"un 0scl bl<nd lh <ncc)u ul db0nscs% <n *"un lcu 2u*sbs hl h*0h clb*. H /cns % h4hdh*% Nu0h% 4s h sn *bdus *clsgsh% dc4s 2hls+% ch 2undh0cn hl b*sc+*cs c<*0us*s. H n+scbcs .cs 4s cul % shcc*db3s 4s
rc#clc d!n 8uhn, ults"ul hl Nh hrrcs6 #c.s P!l., nb h A&. ... s lc strscc !unh 7udccht6 C2. *ncl., (.&&? >Rh) us cs % nc 0hls3sh 0u h*c sn cllcc u0 csus" ;>H 2bs *+)s % ch *+u h ch s+ nu"s schs0bc 0sn ch sh"E. 'A *ntc"csht...6 H )h *h )h* c h *h h ulus c cbnshc*h +% du)+ Kc**h*s $!p. cst., ). 7'BE% >*c)*bducc*ss 4s gcnc*hls.+*ss lus Kc*nhndb Ch blscul <n b)c*h sh% ch 2bndh b* )c*2cc hl 0h*ss 0bnh*hss s)hnsblc". PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL &75
1
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<n hcch lsbc* h c nc)*c/+.+ bh*c. Nscs u*h 4s nscs lsngu4chlh nu s<n bglsn.s 2sdclc% 2hlss2sc+ hdc/+*ul% *+s u*n<ndu"&? hccch 2hcc dsn /s* u3s /scss% sh* hcchs h dsn /scss /s* u3s. R+ +csndu"sc lh /<n+ bh*c'5% K*hncssc S hl K*hn3cs% dc )c h uncs 0h*c% <nnb) h <n chsh ss0)ls +3ss 4s% <n 0sDlbchl unb* 3+*hns% <s *+s+*s sbh*clc hdc/+*ulus% d*c) ch*c )*ch<n3clc) ul su/c*hn bbs4nush s+ *c)c c? >M"h0 g+ss % )sc*du % )cn *u c+ h0 schs0bh d*u0ul." Dsn *"unss s+*hcs cu duhul 4s dsn ncbuns% su/c*hns 2bh* c )*udcn3s hu 2+cu b*hcblc hlc hdc/+*ulus% c+cs dc 0ul dbh* cs <l 0hs s)un. Rclh ch.+ 2+*+ ch0+ ccch cc hl3ss hu /b*bs 2+*+ g*sD+ dc 2h3+ cu cs. Hcchs h h 2bs sub sls h ch *c0h*chbsl+ h lus Kc*nhndb% cb*bhn+ h )bls scss shlc. H 0u*s lh Ccs 4hs.ccs 4s )h *u dc hns hs )*c3sbhscs shlc /<*s c 4s lh ccs )h *u.ccs hs 2c*scs cs shlc db0nss. Mh*c nb*bc )cn *u b 0bnh*hsc c<nd *cgss <s 0b* b+ *<ns 4s nu <ncc) dc cb)ss. H *+s )u3sn <n bucu*h*c% dh* /c4nsc <n *cg*c . <n .suh <n ch*c hu 0u*s Kc*nhndb 4s Ch*lbs% nc)b ul s+u ccl 0h*c% h )l<ns <n *chgh c*c4 sn+ h c% s"h bucu*h <n *chgh ncc*cdsn3+: b*dsnch s"h *+s u*nh <n .suh c<nd hu )sc*s Scls0 4s 2sul s+u. Kc*nhndb'8 <ns+ n"h 0u*s % c+cs b+*bh3ss 2hs0b4s nu 0b* nscsbdh +. Khs0h u0bl+ b dchunh )c lh cC *c0c. <n ch.ul *cgslb*% nu cCss + 0sDlbcsc. S<n cunbscu3s 2sc ch 2bh* c buns% 2sc ch 2bh* c *+s. H4h cu0 unss s<n )*bdsgss glb*sbhsc% lh 2cl s<n hl3s 0bn4 *s dc cs hbsls. Unss% ch*c hu 2bs sbclu*s hlc 0bnh*hscs% ch ch s+ u*cc: hl3ss% )scdscs ch s+ chd+% *cgs hs g*b.+/scs% hs schndhlulus% hs sn2h0scs: h0sn s*c h lb* sc <n/c4nscc4 c <n b*bn.u*slc *hds3scs. Unss hu dh gh h 0bnh*hsh% )*ccu0 Cbns hn snulus")c cch h G*ccscs: hl3ss )*b)*sul lb* nch0% )*ccu0 Chsldc*sc )c ccl hl lus Clb/ss: sh* hl3ss *clsgsh )*ccu0 Hcn*sc hl #UT"lch hl Hnglscs. Rcgh ul lus Ss*hcl h <ncc)u s+ dcchd+ cu Rbbbh0% )*sn s0)*udcn3h hccs ush: cu Ghl"lscnus S0)c*sul *b0hn% )*sn sl+bscsunch lus: cu Chlbhhncs&99 ccl
'5 '8
Rtcsndu3sc lh *nt!hsc6 Hnccdb + )*cluh + dsn G. Bb c*b% Dcttt "c"!rh!sls. 1c"hnd!6 Hscs <ncc)c% du)+ Kc**h*s $!p. cst., ). 69(E% cch dc"h csncch 4s ul s0h )h* c h b)c*cs? >Uns/c*shls.h*ch 4s subls0s.h*ch lus Kc0hndb Ch blscul ch 2bndh b* )c*2cc hl 0h*ss 0bnh*hss s)hnsblc". '' C!nsthntsnulus6 Cbns hn sn hl @l"lch Phlcblbgul% ul s0ul <0)+*h bs.hn sn. &99 Chl!hhncs6 <n b*sgsnhl% Chl!-hncs, <n /cchch b* bg*h2sc s)hnsbl+% shu Chl!37hncs, <n cch 0bdc*n+. Dc4s h0 2bs cn h3s s+ *hnsc*sc0 Chl!shn shu 1hl!s!hnncs, h0 )+s *h 2b*0h u sls.h + dc G*hcs1n% dcbh*ccc sdcn s2sch*ch )c*sbnhDulus nu c dclbc u4bh*+. Cb0cn h b*ss c*cd% <n 0hDb*s h ch lb* ;/c.s C. Sh*0scn b% hn. cst, ). &'BE c+ c /b*bh dc Sbhn Cb0ncnul% <0)+*h bs.hn sn <n *c &&&8 4s &&(6% n+scu <n &988% c+*ush <ns+ nu s s"h* )u ch *c)*b4h% <n c*0cnss lus G*hcs1n% cbn *sbu3sh lh dss *ugc*ch s0)c*sulus. s 0hs )u3sn )bssbsl+ c sdcn s2sch*ch cu 3h*ul /lhhb"bulgh* lbns3+ Chlbshn ;&&'5"&795E. P*bblc0h *+0<nc dcschss+. &78 PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL &7'
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&9& &97
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67
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66
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)*b)unc ch 0bdcl dc cbndus + )bls sc+ <n chcs sunch ch hlhn+ 2sgu*h *cgclus Juhn hl SS"lch hl H*hgbnulus% ch*c schs0bhsc *+.bunh*ch <n clc0cn3+% <n cbn *hs cu )bls sch du*+ h lus Ksls) hl S#"lch% dsn b*dsnul c+*ush 4s ducclc dc Nbcc*h 2uscsc <n c0ns3h 4s ucss. Nu c ssngu*ul lbc <n ch*c G*hcs1n <4s 0hns2cs + dc.hcb*dul 2h3+ dc Ksls) hl S#"lch% hdsc+ h s udsnch sh *chl+% nu cch dsc h + dc cs*cu0s hn3c. #c.s 0hs Dbs% *clsc2ul @@% nb h &B&. B( *n #urh pr!prsc sc *nn!!slch06 Hlu.sc lh )*b/c*bul lh sn Jhus b*c )*b)*sb /slcscs ": /c.s Cr., @#SS% 4s Br., &&5.
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*cgchsc+ dc U**ch dcc< u u*b* sb*slb* s+s dsn *ccu lhblhl +: hcclh ch*c 4s"h c c*ns.h dcb)b *s/+ )sc h ch c*c4 sn+ 4s )*chnbbslh 0+*c3sc <n 0<n+s s*s% <n )hlh c 4s <n ss)*+/s% 4s bh c hccs ch cu 0h*c 2slb s0sc% dbb<ndsnd *cnu0clc nc0u*s b* dc clcghn % 2slb s0% 0+*sns0bs 4s c*bu 0hCs0 hl H*hgbnulus: <n u0b*h )h *bnhDulus c+*ush hDung s+"3s <n2+3s4c.% b% 0h*c *cgsn+ h dsscc*n+ b*ulus% hccs 0c0b*su hl 0c*s clb* 0clc% cu cc*c*ch dc h 0+ )*s0s <n cb* cgsul h)lhudhbsl hl c*bscclb*% nc0u*s bh*clb* 4s 2h/b*s clb* hlc <n.cs *+*s.
BB
crctclc6 <n c)bc+ sc c*cdch c+ c*c clc% <n nb)3slc gc*bhsc dc sh*n+% )*sndc c< c b )+s+*sc+ lh h)usul sbh*clus 4s b ducc lh cl <n cusb )cn *u h b 3snc lh )sc) 4s h sc <nc+l.s cu hDu b*ul cs% du)+ ch*c% <n .b*s% <s d+ d*u0ul 2+*+ h"s 2hcc nscs un *+u. +& c!ntc dc Hrhndh6 Sc *c2c*+ lh dbn Hn bnsb @s0cnc. dc U**ch% g*hndc dc S)hnsh% ch*c s"h c+s+ b*s <n &A9B cu dbnh Lussh dc Phdsllh% hu bh*c dc *h h c 0b*hlc% 0cn3sbnh + 0hs sus dc G*hcs1n. Rc *hs )c db0cnsul s+u dsn C)slh% s"h dcdsch cul s/+*ss 4s )*b cD+*ss ls c*clb*. Lus h/ch s+"s dcdscc Lhs hnbsh Hsc. &B8 DSSCCRNTBRUL
H#P BM CU CUNBTSNC HPLHUDHBSLCB5 Dsscurs hchdc"sc

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B5 B8
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BM CU CUNBTSNC HPLHUDHBSLC &B'
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B'
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DSSCCRNTBRUL BM CU CUNBTSNC HPLHUD HBSLC &A&
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H#SP NU KS SNCBNSCC#CNT Crstsc
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NU KS SNCBNSCC#CNT &A6
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A5
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DSSCCRNTBRUL BUNUL PRSCCPTBR &A5
Dsscc*n+ b*ul nu *cbusc s+ sc *c.u0c lh b ssngu*+ bcu)h3sc% nscs s+"4s 2sCc.c gus ul hsu)*h unus ssngu* bbscc % c+cs <nsch0n+ s+ 4s"& ls0s c.c <n chs) nc2c*scs : cc*ul &"h 2+cu nc0+*gsns % &"h c*cscu 2+*+ hb h*c: s+ nu sc *cs *<ng+ ssngu*% nscs s+ nu sc ls0s c.c. Mh*s bh0cns ccs sndc2snsbsls% <n /s* u ch 0h*ss lb* )lu*hls +3s dc )c*2cc3suns. S<n hl3ss h < dc ls0s h3s% c+ <ndh + lc h2ls gus ul% 2sc ch s+"& )*c<n <0)sns% 2sc ch s+"& 0+gulc4 s% <n *uc< nscs nu sc l+*gc4 c% nscs nu sc *+s)<ndc4 c. H uncs c<nd cc*ul h /*u s+ d+*ushsc+ un 2cl dc 0<nch*c% h g+ s 0hnh% cs2*u hl u u*b* dclscsslb*% <0buc+ u*+ )cn *u bh c )lhcu"*slc% <n h c+*cs uns/c*shls h c h )b *s/s "b )c cch h bunulus gus . H /b*bs 0c*cu g*h/ )*scsnusc4 c su)+*h*c: h glu0s b s0)ul% dss)*c3: h 2slb.b2h <n *ss ch.+% sh* h sh s*s.h 0c*cu sndss)unc. Mh*clc C+)s hn h 2bs 0h*c )*b b s) hl dsscc*n+ b*slb*: lh )hlh sc )u* h dc )h*c+ nscsbdh + n"h* 2s 2bs <n
ch0)hnss% sh* <n ch0)hnss% ch 4s cu0 nscsbdh + n"h* 2s *+s lh cu* c. Nu lh 2cl ccl+lhl % nu 0h*c sbldh % cs 0h*c )*bs % 4s ch*c% sn/s h 2ssnd dc b nbbsl+ dbh0n+ s+ dhnsc.c% lh s0)ul )b *s/s % hdsc+ lh b sc*h +% 4s"h scu.h sgnb*hn3h 4s 4s"h dh )c 2h3+ ncghsbbsh% .sc<nd c+ cl nu sc )*scc)c s+"4s 0s4 c )scsbh*clc <n )hlh % cs dbh* s+ dch dsn 0<sns )c c<0)ul dc lu) + 5&. H uncs ch s+*s% du)+ cu0 <s c*h 2clul? >P+s db0nulc% )h*c"0s"sc c+ h* 2s bsnc ch <n /*c0c dc )hcc% /<*< <n *"un shc% s+ c h <*ns ch b h*0u*+% <n h4 c) h*ch )*slcDulus"% bh chsh* <s )*b)usc cu* cns bh*c 4s hl lbc 0hs b*dsnh* 4s 0hs 0c*s h . Cunb4 sn3clc nu sc s <nDcncsc unclc )c hl clc% nscs gus u*slc nu sc cbn *h.sc: <nch) bh c <n *"un ccn *u 4s )cn *u bh c c /*c0c cu )*slcD. Unss nu hu hl + b*+ dcc< )c"h lb*% 4s b dchunh <4s bchcsc 2blbsul )*b)*su. Cu0sn clc *cbusc s+ hsb+ b b*+ )cn *u ssnc 4s 0ul c )cn *u )*sc cnss hlc4s. Pcn *u bh c *cbusc s+ hsb+ s0)% 2+*+ nu0hs )cn *u nccu/ssn3+: 4s nu /h 2s su2scscn + scu.h sn/bch + dc csnc/h <n *"b ss uh3sc 2bh* c u4u*h sc+% 4s hnu0c c+ csnc c sbcb s cu0sn c .suh nu /h 2s sbcb s )*bs nbh) ch. H4h <nc< % )*chcul ulc hl 0cu #snccnsb% /sh3h 2scc+*ush nu c hl cc/h dcc< un s)cc hcbl *hgsc 4s cb0sc% sh* hnul <ncc)c cu H*scs 4s sc c*0sn+ <n Psscss% hDung<nd s+ sc cu0)+nchsc+ nb*bcs*slc cu ncnb*bcs*slc% cb0scul cu *hgscul. Unul ssngu* *cbusc s+ sn c*)*c c.c bh c *blu*slc% lh /*c0ch 4s )*slcDu*slc lb*% c<nd )c ccl cu *<sul% c<nd )c ccl cu )l<nsul% c<nd )c hl cu0sn clus 4s% uncb*s% )c hl )*bs ulus% cu ch*c sc 4s <nchcsc% cu u4u*h*c 4s h)lhu.c% *c)*c.cn h3sh. B% )*chdsscc*n+ b* P*b cu57 hccl 0h*c )hssbnh hl nbs *u% cCcclcn3s ss0ul dc Lc0bs56% <n hl c+*us gus bsnc <0)+*3s <4s hu lbcul bh c <ndclc nscs*slc lsbc*hlc 4s <n h c+*us c*bsc+ uns/c*shls h c <4s hu *<nd b3s c*uds3ss% cul3ss 4s dsscc*n+ b*ss: dbc ul 4s 2slb s0ul% )*clh ul 4s ch/hlc*ul% u0hnss ul% ss b*scul% 2slb.b2ul% )<n+ 4s )*ch" sub slul cblbg: c*bu cu hdc/+*h uns/c*shl )cn *u b*scc s0)% )cn *u b*scc gus 4s )cn *u b*scc sluDb+Q
H#SSSP BUNUL PRSCCPTBR5( Dshl!# *ntrc d!ct!rhl 8uhn 1rhncssc! Hndrcs 4s hut!r
UBCTBRUL? Sc .scc c+ bunulus )*scc)+ b*% )u3snc /b*bc. HUTBRUL? CU h4 .scc c+% lh )u3snc /b*bc% bun )*scc)+ b*% 4s nu nu0hs lh /b*bc% cs 4s lh chs)% ch*c c )bh* h su2lc ulus% hd*cs+ h sns0ss% bh chsh* <l /+d lu<nd lh bchs +cc*ch <ns+4s% ch*c uncb*s cC)*s0+ 0hs 0ul )cn *u un )*scc)u dcc< b )blslbghsc )cn *u un )*bs . DBCTBRUL? Hdc/+*u*slc ch*c nc sn c*csch.+ ccl 0hs 0ul nc hDung b dchunh cu Du0+ h c dc gu*+. HUTBRUL? H4h cs c% dh* )*c/+.+ b*ul )*s0chsc+"lc cu bh + )*scc)c*ch.
5
J cs d!hr s dch dsn."*sns pc c*"pul dc lupt6 Hnccdb + )*cluh + dsn B. Chs *"glsbssc% SS C!rts#shn!, S. pschdsscc"t!r Pr!tcu6 #c.s 4s Br., 55. 56 Lc"!s6 Cs c /b*bh dcs)*c dbn K*hncsscb Kc*n1ndc. dc Chs *b ;&A&6"&AA7E% hl nbu+lch cbn c dc Lc0bs% ducc dc Thu*sshnb% nc)b hl cbn clus dc Lc0bs ch*c &"h )*b cDh )c Cc*/hn cs. H 2bs /scc*cgc hl H*hgbnulus <n *c &A(6 4s &AB7. <n )hlh ul s+u sc <n *unch b hchdc0sc ls c*h*+. G*hcs1n <l /h 0hs clbgsh <n Crst, S% 7
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Bunul prsccpt!r6 #c.s Br., 7B% sn s ulh sdcn sc% h2b*ss0ul 2ssnd un *c.u0h hl hccs us >*clsc2" hl Dssc. G*hcs1n )b*nc4 c dc lh )*b/c*bul >h bucn cn cndcdb* )bchs )hlhb*hs lc bhs hn" ;>bunulus )*scc)+ b* s"s dc"hDuns )u3snc /b*bc"E. &A8 DSSCCRNTBRUL DBCTBRUL? Hs h s"h 2bs dc hDu b* H02sbnulus nbs *u h*h"gbnc. 5B% h uncs c<nd% )c*sccu h dc"hs s+s% h g+ss
s)*sDsn 4s chsh* h)lhu.c lh <ncb*bnh3ss dcl2sns s *+sns. HUTBRUL? H < c dc )u c*nsc+ b h*0bnsc% 4s 0hs hlcs cu h < dc dulcs cbnsbnhn3c% cu0 hu 2bs cclc hlc 0sn3ss lus )*bdsgsbhsc. DBCTBRUL? S)unc*ch dc hdc/+*u*s h hDuns s+ 2sc <ncbndcsh + cu nu0clc dc )*bs sc. HUTBRUL? Bh chsh*% ch s+ nu )h*+ 2sc cb)sl% 2sc )*bs % ns0cns nu /*ch s+"& 0hs s)un+% <n *uc< nu 0hs c lh 0bd+: 0hs s<n )c lu0c dbh* c< c/h *cs u*s dsn cl% 4s <nc+ 4s hccs ch s<n dc./+lus c ch un 0ss c*% cu cc*c0bnsc 4s )*cchu3sc. DBCTBRUL? Su/c*hnslb* ls sc h*h + b dchunh 2slh . HUTBRUL? Cs s+ cugc c <ns+? lc c"n Dbc )*+bu4s*ch shu <n+l3h*ch. DBCTBRUL? Hdc/+*+ h ch c b 2ccsbh*+ )c c< dc 2*u0bhs+% )c"h < dc *u4snbhs+% d*c) ch*c u0bl+ 0c*cu hcb)c*s +. HUTBRUL? Su/c*hnss s+ b dcscb)c*c cu 2slb s0sc% c+cs cs *cbusc s+ 2sc <n 0h*c 0+su*+ ghscs b*s dc hdc/+*u*s 4s clh*/+.+ b*s dc dc.h0+gs*s. Cu c< 0hs 0ul ls sc s)un )*sn *c dsn3s% <nsch0n+ c+ lc s<n dh c gh h 0cs cch c% ch s+ sc 0ss usc 0hs bsnc 4s s+ 2sc 0hs dc 2blbs. s dc.h0+gs*ch cs c )bls scshn+% u0bl+ dc bbsccs c<nd sc <ng<n+ .suh cu nbh) ch% 2sc ch s+ sc *c *hg+ <n bc.nclc lsngu4s*ss% dhc+ d+ dc )*bs sc% 2sc ch s+ )+4chsc+ <n lu0snh hdc/+*ulus% dhc+ d+ dc cu0sn3cnsc. DBCTBRUL? Mc*s + s+ /c.s% <h *"b <n *ccc*c dc )*scc)u3s% .+bh/h unus cs*cu0s)cc 4s h cn3sh unus )*c/+.+ b*Q Hcclh bchc4 c% hccs h g<ndc4 c% 4s 0hs hlcs <n dc.h0+gs*s. HUTBRUL? Dh% c+cs <n3clcgc*ch *cbusc hdh) h + ss uh3sslb*? <n cclc 2h/b*hbslc% s *<ng<nd 0c*cu h+3u*slc c*c.+*ss: <n cclc bdsbhsc% d<ndu"s 2*<u lsbc* 4s chsh* )sn cns. C< <nhsn ch.+ lsngu4s*ch% lh ccl cc /b*bc4 c% h < h s+ b dch <nd+*+ shghcs h ch% lh ccl cc hscul +% c+cs b dchunh *chls h ch h 2bs 0hs )u3sn dc Du0+ h c dsn <nchs)us*c.
5B
H"ks!nulus n!stru hrh#!nc06 Hlu.sc lh Hn bnsb Pg*c. ;c. &B6'"&A&&E% 2su nh u*hl hl lus Gbn.hlb Pc*c.% )*s0ul *hduc+ b* hl Bdsscss*n
ls0bh s)hnsbl+% b0 dc s h % 0snss *u hl lus Ksls) hl SS"lch. C+.<nd <n ds.g*h3sh *cgclus% c cbndh0nh lh 0bh* c% dh* b *c/bl + )b)ulh*+ <l hDu + s+ 2ug+ 4s s+ sc *c2ugsc.c <n K*hn3h. <n &B'8% lh Ph*ss% )ublsc+ b ch* c Dus s2sch s/+% Rclhcs!ncs, 4s b hcblb% 4s <n hcclh4s hn% )ublsc+ 4s un 2bh* c s0)b* hn c)ss blh* ;Ch* hsE. G*hcs+n <l cb0)h*+ cu Hn<2sbn% dcbh*ccc% h4h cu0 hcclh *sdschsc Tcbh cu 2h*0ccul c<n cculus s+u% lh 2cl 4s Hn bnsb Pc*c. c<4 sghsc bun+/bsn3h su/c*hnslb* Cu*b)cs cu sc*ssb*slc shlc. BUNUL PRSCCPTBR
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DBCTBRUL? <n ss uh3ss bdsbhsc% cu unul h4 cugc h ds0)b *s/+% dc /*c0c cc% <n *"b u4bh*+ h0cnsn3h*c% <n *"b nc<nsc0nh + <nc*un h*c% s sc h*h + )*scc)u ulus c<0) <n sns dc )+4s . HUTBRUL? s dc ss)+4s % )bh c: 4s )*scch)+ c+"s 0ul 0hs 0ul ccch cc s sc *ccc sub +cc*c 2h3+ dc )u3snul cc s sc s)unc. <n )unc clc 2*hgslc% cu0sn clc u0bl+ cu 0ul hc 4s% cu c< ss uh3sh c 0hs su)c*2scshl+% cl 2hcc )h4s dc )lu0b c<nd 3sn c4 c% cu ls0b+ dc 2ulg c<nd sc s *ccbh*+. DBCTBRUL? Kbh* c g*cu c s+ c dhs d*c) )*scc)u <n )unc c su)usc c*s scss 4s dc.h0+gs*ss% dcbh*ccc g*cu c*c.s cc nu db*c4 s. Nu c nc/bsc dc 0ul + clbc/cn3+ ch s+ 2s0 cbn/sn4s dc ccch cc nc chdc bsnc% 4s nscs bh + cch h lus Dc0bs cnc nu"s dc hDuns )cn *u ccch cc nc chdc *+u. HUTBRUL? H hDuns s+ <nsc0nc )u3sn )*scc)c*ch% c nc/bsc uncb*s s+ ghscc4 s% c+cs s<n bh0cns ch*c"4s )ccc luscsc sns0h 4s lc )u *c.csc hsnclc"n )sc) . DBCTBRUL? S+ 2hcs h uncs ch 0cdscul dsbhcs% ch*c sh )ulsul chsh* dsn *+su2lh*c: lh 2cl 2slb.b2ul h cn % du)+ hc*ul dsn gu*+% *cbusc s+"& )+ *und+ )c ccl l+un *sc. HUTBRUL? H 4 s nu s *sc+ nscsbdh +. DBCTBRUL? Uncb*s <ns+ dbh*c 4s% h4h cu0 )*c<n <0)sn+ cu0sn3cnsh cclc cc s"h* s)unc% ss c3s0ch ch + s+ bbsc*/c cc s"h s)us. S2snCul )c*2sd )*hd+ d*u0ul /sc3ss% sh* csnc nu"s )*scc)u c )sc*du . Cnsg0+ c% 4s 2bh* c ds2scsl+% cunbh4 c*ch dc ssnc h b0ulus: dbh* un Cds) b dc.lchg+% 4s chsh* cl% cu 4bh) c hDu + bh*c. HUTBRUL? NU c ns0sc 0hs u4b* dcc< cunbh4 c*ch hl ush. DBCTBRUL? s ns0sc 0hs g*cu dcc< cch dc ssnc. HUTBRUL? NU c nhs/ ch*c s+ nu 2sc *+u +csbs. DBCTBRUL? s ch*c% nhs/ 2ssnd 2h3+ dc g*c4clslc )*b)*s% s+ nu 2sc 4s*c 2h3+ dc cclc hlc hl b*h. HUTBRUL? Bbsc*/+ 2s*s4bh*clc dc )*h2 dsn bchss /ccsnulus. DBCTBRUL? s"n hs lus nu /cdc b<*nclc. HUTBRUL? P*s0ul )hs s)*c h 4 s c s+ c 4 ss. DBCTBRUL? s nu )bh c 2s )*scc)u csnc nu"s )*scc)+ b*. Dh* h2b*ss0ul cu0 c+ s+ c cunb4 s )c snc <nsu3s lcsnc"s dc s)us% g*cu dc dus. HUTBRUL? Csnc/h% )cn *u c+ &"h )*b)b/+dus % h 2bs *ccu <n *<ndul cclb* 4h) c <n3clc)3s. DBCTBRUL? Pcn *u h"& 2s u*0h % nscs unul% )<n+ h.s. Cu c< unss 4 su 0hs 0ul dcs)*c ccslhl3s% dcs)*c ssnc 0hs )u3sn: sh* )*bs ul 0hs 0ul 4 sc dcs)*c chsh hl ush dcc< dcs)*c h lus? )<n+ 4s )*b"
&59
DSSCCRNTBRUL
/c*bclc 0c*g hcu0 )c dbs5Bh. Unss <4s bh ch)ul cu cc nu"s )*s/c4 c dclbc% 4s dclbc cu cc lc"h* 2s dc 0ul 2blbs. HUTBRUL? Cu0% c bh*c /*cb bcu)h3sc 0hs *ch dcc< ls)sh dc bcu)h3scO DBCTBRUL? Dh% cu*sb.s h ch snu sl+. HUTBRUL? B% g*sDs hlc bh0cnslb*% 4s <n luc*u*s c< + ls)s+ dc 0sc.Q5A DBCTBRUL? T*cbusc s+ dss sngc0 dc hsc0cnch <n *c <ncc snchlh unus cs*cu0s)cc 4s nch cn3sh unus u4u*h sc: unss cChgc*ch.+% hl3ss 0sns0hls.ch.+: dsscch*n+% h4hdh*% h cn ul )*scc)+ b*? c+cs )c"h <3sh s"hu )sc*du c*cduls +3slc 4s snc*cduls +3slc dcb)b *s/+. HUTBRUL? Dc"hccch s"hu s)us cu <n3clc)csunc bh*bh*ss scs3s 1n+*ulus Pclcu55 c+ bh0cnss s<n *<u*s: )c c< hlch*g+% cs% sc b)*csc clc% 4s dc bbsccs hu 0hs 0h*c hd<ncs0c cclc cc s<n 0hs )b bls c 4s )bh* + 0hs 0ul + h)+ cclc cc 2hc 0hs )u3sn .gb0b . DBCTBRUL? S<n 4s ss uh3ss <n ch*c b+nushlh h*c )u c*c dc db/hd+? c+cs dcs)*c sb3sh lus Cc.h* = h s)us"b cl <nsu4s = nscs 0+ch* ./bnul58: sh* c<nd <n ccl sn c*csh sc sn2sl *ch.+ <ndbshlh% <n ccslhl3s *ccc d*c) % 4s chsh* cs c% c/sdcn3+. HUTBRUL? Cu/sn clc hu 0hs 0ul + shu 0hs )u3sn+ hd<ncs0c% du)+ subscc c. DBCTBRUL? S"hu <ncch 0ul3s )cn *u c+ nu lc"hu 0+su*h : )*scc)u ul )*scc)+ b* s+ lc sbndc.c 4s s+ sh sch0h c+ 2hlh <nb ulus c 4 ssn3h dc h"3s 2c*s hhsnh. HUTBRUL? s 0hs hlcs dhc+ c dc )u*)u*+. s cu hs h% s+ 0c*gc0% unul lh ss b*sh lus% hdsc+ lh <hrh#!0h hntscs%2, )c c< dc db*s + dc cu*sb.s h c% )c"h < dc slus *h + dc c*uds3sc% sh* cu lh 2slb.b2sh 0ch dcs)*c Br!htul h cn 89.
NU KS PUS DBHR PC GLUM &5& 56h pr! cr!clc... pc d!s6 Hn scs)h*c sn nucc h unush dsn cclc 0hs sh/u*bhsc c)ssbhdc hlc Crstsc!nulus, ccl *c2c*s b* lh >*c2b*0h c*s sc+ h .schlclb* bb4 c4 s"% dsn c*s sch > ssn3h db0ns bh*c" ;SSS% A% cd. Uns/c*s% )). A6&"A65E. 5A B, #rs7s hlc !h"cnsl!r6 #c.s Pc*ssus% Shtsrc, &%&? >B cu*hs hb0snu0% b Fuhn h0 cs sn *cbus snhncQ" 55 nrulus Pclcu6 Hdsc+ lus HlcChnd*u ccl Mh*c% n+scu lh Pcllh 58 nscs "chr 0 !nul6 #c.s Plu h*h% Dscs phrhlclc, >Chcsh*"% &9. <n *cbh dc cc 4s"h s.gbns sb3sh% Chcsh* h *+s)uns? >Pcn *u c+ h0 g+ss c+ sc chdc ch sb3sh 0ch s+ nu 2sc nscs 0+ch* b+nus +" ;cd. cs .% /bs. SSS% ). ((AE. 5' <hrh#!0h hntsc6 B)c*+ h dbc b*ulus Juhn K*hncsscb Hnd*cs dc U. h**b.. <ncc)u + <n &A68% h *+0hs nc c*0snh + 4s sncds +. 89 Br!htul htcnt6 Du)+ cu0 h0 0hs s)us% G*hcs1n nu h )ublsch nscsbdh + b b)c*+ cu hccs s lu. S"h* )u ch s+ nu 2sc dcc< b )*s0+
/h*shn + dc s lu )cn *u Br3cul! "hnuhl 9 hrtc dc prudcncsh, ch*c h/ch s+ h)h*+ <n &A(5.
HS@P NU KS PUS DBHR PC GLUM8& Shtt

JT*udcn3h c 2bh* c sc*sbhs+% sh* g*h/s h ch h *hgc /cnc*h3sc: dsn dbu+ cC *c0c% 0hs ssgu*+ c 2s*ch 0hscs ubhs+. Csnc cs c )us dbh* )c glu0+ nu c nscsbdh + b0 cu hdc/+*h % 4s s<n unss )u4s 0c*cu: sbcb csc hs h d*c) h/hn hD <n dsscc*nc*c 4s 2hc )h*hd+ dc hcchs h% c+cs nu cCss + 0bns *ub.s h c 2+*+ nh4: dh* nu c 0hs 0h*c ncch. ch un hh. nccu*0h . Glu0clc *cbusc s+"4s hsb+ cls)h lb*: hdc/+*u*slc% )c bh c cclclhl c. <nsu4s nu0clc dc !r!c cu shrc, h*h + cu0 *cbusc 2blbss c. T*cbusc s+ sc 3sn+ sch0h dc <0)*cDu*+*s 4s <nc+ 0hs 0ul dc )c*sbhnc. H glu0s cu hl ul <nsch0n+ h"& *h h ch sn2c*sb* shu% ccl 0ul % ch cghl% dcbh*ccc s sc )bnbsc4 c cbn/cnscn3h 4s s sc *c2u.+ /cnc*h3sh. Pc hcc4 sh nu"s 4 ss nscsbdh + c<nd /b*bcsc sc*sbs 4s% ch h h*c% <s hsc0us0 cu 0sncsnb4ss% ncd<ndu"lc c*c.h*c% unb*h dsn ch0h dc 0sncsun+% cclb*lhl3s% dc glu0+. Nu /b*bcsc nscsbdh + cu Dudcch +% ccch cc cs c ch 4s cu0 n" h* h/ch"b% /snb/+3sh 2ssnd 4s 0hs 0h*c% 2ssndc+ h nu c 2blbss dc ch )cn *u c+ nu /*cs c 0hs *+u dcc< c+ nu )b3s: 4s hs 2cl% nu sc dcbscbcsc dc ccs ls)ss3s dc ch dcc< )*sn 2h) ul c+ cs s<n /blun h*s% ccch cc c b dubl+ 0bns *ub.s h c. Sn cs hc3sb". nch.+ u4u*+ h ch )*ccu0 <n ccslhl3s dc2cc ul: hu hccch4s bcu)h3sc% s+ dss *c.c 4s s+ s <*nchsc+ *<sul% unss <nhdsns% hl3ss nu. CCss + hl sbs <nc+ 4s 0hs su)+*+ b* <n *u c< c d+un+ b*% 4s hnu0c hl hcclb*h ch*c% b s0)ul 4s cu b3s% s<n )u4s )c .c2lc0ch. Mbn4 *s dc cs hbsls% dc ch*c 2ug b3s% 0hs hbs s* ch dc dbbs bcul lus Csb)% ccl cc sc )u* h cu* cns b* cu lb/s u*s dc cb)s + 4s 0+gulch cu 0u4c+ u*s87. Tb glbsch.+ cbn/c*sh3sh <n *c .c2lc0ch 4s 4b sc% 4s ccch cc cs sbcb csc d*c) cul0c h 2slb s0scs cs c un /c*s hbsl dss)*c3 2h3+ dc cc s)un ccslhl3s% 4s nu nu0hs c+ nu c b nbs s0hd+% cs b dc cs hbsl+ *+su2l+ u*+. Cc"4s <nchs)uscsc cs c+ c hh. c )*bdsgsbs ncch. )cn *u )h* cnc*ss dc dsscu3sc. <ncc ul cu <ncc ul sc <n/c*4u"
8& 87
Nu ks pus d!hr pc #lu"6 #c.s Br., 5A% cu s lu sdcn sc% h2b*ss0ul 2ssnd b cbndcnsh*c h ch)s blulus dc 2h3+. "#ulch cu "u4cturs6 #c.s Csb)% 1h!ulc, :%+, >M+gh*ul 4s c+3clul" shu >C2lnclc 4s s +)<nul".
&57
DSSCCRNTBRUL
nch.+% )<n+ cc dc/sn clc/c s b*s dc"h d*c) ul. Ch s+ s)un+ b /b*b+ cu hh.% <3s /b* *<n s b 0bDscsc: hcc4 sh s<n ccs )c ch*c"s dss)*c3ush Cscc*b 4s ch*c% ch s+ s)un+ b glu0+% )sc*d un )*sc cn shu 4s"& <ndc)+* ch.+: c<4 sg+ *cnu0c dc 0uchls3s 4s"4s )sc*d c*cds ul dc cu0sn3s. Pl+cc*ch hnccdb cs *ccc 4s *+0<nc )cdch)sh c+sn3cs: )l<ng dc c< *<s hu s <*ns . Nu sc ssnchsscsc nscs dc ccl 0hs bun )*sc cn 4s nscs dc ccl 0hs cu0)+ h % 4s nb hbsl cs c c+ )*b0) s udsnch nu"s sc*/c4 c nscsbdh + <n bsnc% cs <n sh s*+? hu sngcnsb.s h c nc2hs +. Hccs h% <0)*cun+ cu hl c dc2cc c nc2c*scs c% sc nh4 c dsn 0sc. )u3sn 4s <nsb3c4 c su)c*2scshls h ch. Lh bh0cnss sus")u4s s<n 0hs c*s sch c 4s% cu bh c c+"s 2hc bh*ccu0 )l+cu3s /ulgulus )*sn 2h0slsh*s h c% )*s0cDduscsc cu/ssn3h )*sn ss0)ls h c% c+cs% h4h cu0 n"b )+s *ch.+ cs 2h3+ dc ccslhl3s. <ncu*hDch.+ bb*+.nscsh *ccs)*bc+. Lh unss c <nn+scu + 2s*ch glu0ch3+. S"h <n.cs *h nh u*h cu u0b* 4s% dhc+ s"h* 0bdc*h cu hDu b*ul cu0sn3cnscs% h* 2s dh*% nu dc2cc . Un g*+un c dc /csclsc cs c *clsc2 h)lhudhbsl )<n+ 4s lh b0ul ccl 0hs g*h/% dh* h c l+sh <n/sns b s0)ul dc <nclsnh3sc <nsch0n+ s+ dc/ss <n cclc dsn u*0+ 4ugub+3 dc )*b2cssc% hsc.bnh b* dc snbh/c 4s gbs)bdh* hl *<sulus. Dhc+ 4s <n *"b nh*h3sc cb0sc+ cs c c*s sch + ch s0)*b)*sc h c sn *bducc*ch )c*0hncn + h lus Dh/us86 )us )c glu0c% ch 4s 2h) ul c+ <n g*h/s h ch <n/+3+ u*ss shu sc*sb.s h ch 0us *+*ss h +lus c+ *c 2su <4s h0cs cc+ 4s cl gsu0bu4lucu*slc% cu0 /h 2s bh*c h uncs% c<nd% 2+*+ s+ 2ss Dh/us% /cs glu0s b s0)ul <n *"b cbn/c*sh3sc g*h/+O #cs c+dch <n 2h*s+% 2+c<ndu" c u <nsu3s dc *<s. S<n unss ch*c% dc4s s)*c Dhlch Msnc*/cs% 2hc )h*hd+ dc u0b*% dh* hccs h% 2ssndu"lc chl)% )*bducc 0hs dcg*hb+ su)+*h*c dcc< )l+cc*c 4s% dhc+ b u4s s.bu csc h s <0s *<sul% c 0hs 0ul .c2lc0ch lh *+su2l+" u*h dcc< dcs2+ h*c lh hh.ul lb*. H2cc h*ch c b dchunh su)+*+ bh*c% dh* <n hlc u0b*ulus% sn blc*hbsl+% )cn *u c+ su)+*+ )cs c )bh c 4s% /ssnd s+ s <*nchsc+ *<sul% dc/snc ch <ns+4s *sdscbl+ 4s% dhc+ dc bbsccs nscs bu2bnss nu sc bucu*+ dc c*cds <n /sh3+% cu h < 0hs )u3sn h2cc h3ss% dcbh*ccc cu hh.ul lb* *+su2lh <ndbscsc dss)*c3ul. S<n sn4s s)s*s uhls 4s sn4s ch*hghsb4s? dcbscbs*ch c 0h*c. B+*bh ul dsscc*n+ b* Dbhc+ 4s cl cu )scsh hh.ulus% nu ss0ulch.+% dh* b 2hcc dbh* lh s0)ul )b *s/s ? lh4s s+ chd+. ch <n *"b dbh*+% un g*+un c dsn sh*ch hcchs h% ch*c h 2bs 0hs )*c3us dcc< b )c*l+%
86
Dh us6 Sclh/ul glu0c3 dsn cb0cdsh Hndrsh dc Tc*cn sus. Dh/us c 4s sclh/ul ch*c"& d+sc+lc4 c )c Hb*h3su% <n Shtsrc, U, %. BM HL BUNCS HLCGCRS 173
*h*cb*s% gus <nd buch clc <nhsn ch cu0sn3cnscs 4s cc*<nd /bsc cu/ssn3cs. Mul /hlb*ch.+ b glu0+ lh s0)% c dc bbsccs scu* + u*h sc4s*ss dsn <ncu*c+ u*+: 0ul b* *cs *s4 s lc"h d*cs gus ul sh*ch hcchs h. S<n luc*u*s cc *cbusc luh c <n glu0+% 4s uncb*s bc0hs luc*u*slc )c ch*c ccl+lhl lc sh 0hs <n sc*sbs. MsDlbc unsc hl cu0sn3cnscs% s+ 2hcs Dbc dsn ccl 0hs <ncsns 2bc. Cs c h)+s+ b* cCccsul cclb* 2bh* c sc*sb4s% 4s )u3sn h)lhudhbsl Ch b cu )h* sdul lus% dh* /cnc*h : *sgsd+ scc h cclb* cu0)+ h3s 4s cu0sn3s% )u3sns b u*0ch.+% 0ul3s b *cs)cc +% sh* g*h/s h ch% chsh* dhc+ )*bducc <n *ss h*c% nu
<ns+ dss)*c3. Mc*s + /+.u unul dsn *c hcc4 s ncs+ us dc hscu3s0c% )sdbsnscs hs sngcnsb.s +3ss% cu0 sc 3sn dc cb0sc+*ss 4s <n cls)h 0b*3ss% c+cs dhc+ <n3clc)3ss 0b* ch lcbcdclc% hcc4 sh ch ghs3clc% 4ugusnd *+u 4s s +*usnd. <n 2clul hccs h h h*+ h un Ch*/hDhl8( c< dc <0)lsns + <s 2uscsc /sh3h. Bh0cnss cu0sn3s 4s )*udcn3s hu 2bs <n b dchunh 2bh* c )u3sn 2h/b*hbsls s)s*s clb*% 4s c*h dc hDuns unul ssngu* ch s+"& )sc*.s )c ccl *cgcsc hl ch blsculus P*udcn 8B. Mhs u4b* sc su)b* + unss )c hl3ss )*b4 ss% 2sc )cn *u c+ nu shu sch0h% 2sc )cn *u c+ sc hsch0+n+. B+*bh ul )*udcn nu"4s )bh c <ns+ c+lch )c sns0+% dcc< dhc+ lh 0sDlbc cs c dc)cndcn3h.
H@P BM HL BUNCS HLCGCRS8A Cl!#su

T1
lbh + 4 ssn3h b0cnchsc+ ;dhc+% du)+ b)snsh lus Sbc*h c% cCss + csnc/h ch*c s+ 4 scE sc *cducc h.s lh succcsul uncs hlcgc*s <n3clc) c. Sc sn/cn ch.+ )u3sn shu ns0sc% sh* <n b cc c 0hs <nscnsnh b*scc nbu h c *cbusc sus)cc h +.
8(
un Chr h7hl6 K*hncsscb dc Ch*/hDhl ;&(A("&B(8E% c+)s hn s)hnsbl% b/h*+4 hl lus Ps.h**b <n Pc*u. Dh b*s + c*u.s0ss shlc% h 2bs )b*ccls >Dc0bnul Hn.slb*". H 2bs s)<n.u*h )cn *u *+dh*c lh Cu.cb. B hnccdb + dcs)*c cl c *clh h + dc G. Bb c*b% Dctts..., S. " ... cht!lscul Prudcnt6 H. Kc**h*s $!p. cst, ). (97E c*cdc c+ c /b*bh dcs)*c Kc0hndb Ch blscul% nu dcs)*c Ksls) hl SS"lch% cu0 s"h* )u ch c*cdc. 8A B" hl !uncs hlc#crs6 #c.s 4s Br., B&% cu s lu sdcn sc.
&5(
DSSCCRNTBRUL
Nc 4s h2l+0 lh s2<*4s ul /chcu*slb*. Dc0ul % <n /<*s h dc hu*% sc sn/cn h: 0hs h)bs s"h hd+ugh : hcu0 b ul c *c)c s*c. Tbh c luc*u*slc s<n h < dc <nhsn h c% <nc< nu 0hs *+0<nc ns0sc dc 2+cu dcc< s+ hlcgs. T*+s0 dsn hlcgc*c% unul dsn cclc 0hs <nsc0nh c hh <*u*s hlc nh u*ss% <0)+* +4s )u3snb*h% )cn *u ch ssngulh*s h ch 4s cCcclcn3h s+ dublc.c )*c3us*ch. H4h sc 2hcc c+ .slnsc /cdc0 bh0cns cu sngcnsb.s h c sub sl+% cu Dudcch + *sgu*bhs+% s udsb4s 4s 4 su b*s dcb)b *s/+% ch*c% hDun"g<nd lh hlcgc*c% sc )sc*d. Hlcg b dchunh cc c 0hs *+u% sc 0ul3u0csc cu cc c 0hs )u3sn ns0c*s % lc )lhcc b cc"s 0hs )u3sn h)lhudhbsl% s)*c c*s sch Dudscsb4slb* 4s dss)*c3ul cclb*lhl3s. Tb ul lc scsc nc2c*scs 4s nu nu0hs c+ nu bb3sn h)lhu.c% dh* nscs 0+ch* bun+/bsn3+. N"hu 2+cu nscsbdh + ns0sc *c0h*chbsl% 4s bh c hccs ch dbh* 2ssndc+ lc ls)sc4 c 0h*clc dh* hl 4 ssn3cs dc"h hlcgc: hs 2cl <nc< % hcblb undc ls)sc4 c hlcgc*ch% nu s<n dc hDuns nscs s *+dhnsh% nscs sngcnsb.s h ch. <nsc0n+ h ch cs cs c 2bh* c 0h*c% )cn *u h nu"s 2s 0hs 0sc+ cC cnssunch dcc< sn cnssunch. H)*bbh*ch s"b chu + bh c sluDbclc% 4s cu dcbscbs*c cclc 0h*s% 2ssndc+ ch c cb0)lc0cn ul dcs+/<*4s*ss% bb<*4sc h succcsulus% )ccc c h nb*bculus% 4s% c<nd ch ls)sc4 c% chsh* dhc+ h* h. 0unch 4s luc*u*slc )*ssbscsc% b ul sc dssc*cds ch.+ 4s b ul sc *h ch.+. Ns0cns nu /h dbb<nds nscsbdh + *c)u h3sh dc dcs+/<*4s <n b*scc sluDb+% 2+*+ *clsc2ul unus gus h)lhudhbsl. Ssngu* *clsc2ul hlcgc*ss s"h )u u 2hcc /cs s3s )c 0ul3s *cgs% c0sncn3s <n hlcgc*slc lb*% h < <n 0h c*sc dc ss)*+/s 0+*c3c% c< 4s dc 0sns4 *s? c+cs b c*bh*c <n )*s/sn3h chcslb* *h3sunss dc S h c su2scscn + ch s+ )sc*.s b ul% cu dssc*cds % sh* b ns0c*s*c% ch s+ c<4 sgs b ul% cu *c)u h3sc nc0u*s bh*c. Unss hu g*c4s <n clcc3sunch bbscc clb*% hl3ss <n cch h sns *u0cn clb*% b3s dss *ug<ndu"4s% )*sn c*b*slc lb* h < dc 2h hlc. hu*u*slc 85 ncs)us dc )*c3sbhsc hlc cb*bhnclb* lb*. S<n unclc sluDbc h c+*b* )*sncs)hl+ 0hns2cs h*c cbns + <n hlcgc*c% 4s <n clc dc)cndcn3h dc scnsul cs cs c 0hs 0h*c% )*ccu0 s<n bh c hcclch cc hu d*c) scb) sns *us*ch <n chs) )l+cu . B*h b*ul s+ )*c2c*c% h4hdh*% h*gu0cn clc cclc 0hs h)lhudhbslc 4s 0hs sc*sbhsc: ss b*scul s+ 3sn+ sch0h dc dclcc h*c 4s 2blbs: 2slb.b2ul s+
85
cr!rslc... hururslc6 <n b*sgsnhl% Dbc )h*bnb0hs sc 4s cbncc) uhl? 9crr!s 3 !r!s, cu c2cc 0hs )u3sn )*cgnhn <n *hducc*c. BM HL BUNCS HLCGCRS &5B
<0bsnc 2*u0bsul cu scn cn3sbsul: 4s b3s s+ sh sch0h lh gus ul uns/c*shl hl cclb*lhl3s% ch*c c c*s c*sul hlcgc*ss% sh* uncb*s ch + s+"& )*c2c*c cclus c*s sc shu ssngulh*% )*b)*su shu s *+sn% dcbh*ccc% lh un bs)+3% c 0hs ns0c*s s+"s 0ul3u0c4 s )c bhs)c3s dcc< )c buc+ h*s% h s)us ccl 0hs sh/u*bs dsn )h *sh nbhs *+ 88 4s <n clcc3sunc. Cc 2blbs c+ luc*u*slc s<n <n *u b ul )c gus ul b*h b*ulus% dhc+ nu s<n )c ccl hl huds b*sulusO Pcn *u csnc bh*c lc g+ c4 sO Hcclh /h )*c2c*h b sub sls h c% sh* hccs h /h h)lhudh b cb0)h*h3sc shu ds0)b *s/+. <4s h*c lbcul 4s <n h* clc /ulgh*c: ch h h*c% h0 )u u /cdch dbs 0c4 c*s c0sncn3s ch*c <4s dss)u hu 2hs0h? unul )*sn dclsch c3c 4s dcs+/<*4s*c% <n *"h < h% <nc< 2scch*c dsn b)c*clc shlc luh c sc)h*h )+*ch su)*c0ul c2b* hl h* cs% dh* bh c lhblhl + nu 0ul3u0chu: ccl+lhl % ds0)b *s/+% n"h s.bu s nscsbdh + s+ ss)*+/chsc+ un luc*u cu su)*c0+ dclsch c3c 4s nscs s+"& duc+ lh dc)lsn+ )c*2cc3sunc% 4s b u4s hccs h s"h bucu*h dc *clsc2ul hlcgc*ss h < dc /sgu*bs% <nc< 4s"h h *hs h)lhu.clc uns/c*shlc. Nh4 c% <n )*s0ul *<nd% dsn gus ul )*b)*su% dhc+ c bun% chls2sch )*sn <ncc*ch*c% hssgu*<ndu"3s"& hs 2cl 4s )c hl cclb*lhl3s% <n *uc< c un 0h*c h/hn hD s+ )b3s 2hcc nb*0+ dsn cl 4s s+ nu h <*ns dc cclc s *+snc. <n hccs chs) c )b3s <nc*cdsn3h c+ ccch cc c 0ul3u0c4 c )c snc lh ccslhl3s <s /h 0ul3u0s 4s )c cs lh snc. Bunh clcc3sunc cs c c2cc hl s0)ulus )b *s/s : b ul scsc bsnc dsn cl% 2ssndc+ c ccl 0hs 0h*c nb*bc% 4s% dhc+ h s.bu s cc/h <n ls)sh lus% h 2bs 0hs 0ul dh b*s + <n <0)l+*ss dcc< cc* s udsnss.
Ds0)b *s/+% un )*bs gus s+*bc.c4 c b ul 4s. )*sn )*bhs h"s hlc+ us*c% *h ch.+ chsh* 4s luc*u*slc cCcclcn c )*sn dcs+/<*4s*ch lb*: 4s s<n unclc h < dc csudh c% <nc< hlcg b dchunh cc c 0hs *+u% dc )h*c+ <4s dhu bs cnchlh s+ g*c4chsc+: )+s *ch.+ cch 0hs *ch Dudcch + )cn *u ccl 0hs bun )*slcD% 4s lh cch 0hs 0h*c h4 c) h*c /sn cu cch 0hs 0h*c s0)c* sncn3+% <nsb3sndu"sc 0c*cu cu )*bs sh lb*. Hlcgc*c 2+*+ g*c4 cch h hlbsncs% dh* cc )*bs gus ccl hl uncs 0u4 c% dc /*c0c cc% <n hccch4s g*+dsn+% hccch chu + 0s*chs0h% sh* hcchs h duhbh*ch.
88
ccl "hs sh ur!s dsn phtrsh n!hstr6 Sc *c2c*+ lh cb0)h *sb ul 4s )bc ul s+u )*c2c*h % Mh*3shl% 4s hnu0c lh /c*su*slc >... nh0 cbcnc 2c*culh nbs *hc 0hls0 cbn/s/ss% Fuh0 )lhcusssc cbFuss" ;>)*c2c* ch buch clc dc lh 0hsh 0ch s+ )lhc+ dcg*hb+ bhs)c3slb* dcc< buc+ h*slb*"E% Cps#rh"c, L@% 87. Hccch4s c)sg*h0+ c cs h + 4s <n Hsc., S@. 176 DSSCCRNTBRUL
Ccl 0hs *+u c c+ hsc0cnch bblnh/s hs gus ulus% 2sc dsn nc4 ssn3+% 2sc dsn ch)*scsu% sn2s*0s hs Dudcc+3ss% hd+ug<nd"b )c"h dbuh cclcs dsn <s c*b*s% ch*c c 0hs /cs s +% h* /*ch s+"s 0bls)schsc+ dc bbhlh lb* )c b3s ccslhl3s: )*c snd ch )+*c*ch lb* )h*hdbChl+ s+ 2sc nb*0h cclb*lhl3s% 4s chsh* sc 0s*+ c+ ls)sh lb* dc gus nu c )cn *u ccslhl3s dclsch cs+% 4s *+su2lh*ch lb*% )b2 + dc 0<nch*c% sc0+n+ b*s hs c*b*ss <n b ul. S<n hl3ss ch*c hu gus ul dc.hcb*dh 2h3+ dc unclc luc*u*s% dh* 2h3+ dc hl clc 2bh* c ns0c*s ? dc bbsccs <ns+ csnc h*c s *sch + *+d+csnh )bh* + 4s 2*uc )c dc"h"n *cgul sch*b+d. P*csu)unc )c l<ng+ dcs+/<*4s*ch gus ulus% b <n3clcgc*c hdcc/h + h u u*b* <0)*cDu*+*slb* ncccsh*c succcsulus snds/sduhl. P*s0h lb* h cn3sc c dcs snh + )*slcDulus% hcchs h 2ssnd cch dsn <s *cgul+ h bb3snc*ss succcsulus. Nu sc 0ul3u0c4 c nu0hs cu luc*u*slc *c0h*chbslc )*sn c0sncn3+% cs 4s )*sn 2blbs% c+cs uncb*s ccl 0hs cCcclcn h 2bs ccl 0hs )u3sn cb*cs)un.+ b* 0b0cn ulus% hs 2cl <nc< % h*uncs c<nd *clsc2h*ch 2ssn3cs 4s b)b* uns h ch 2blbsulus sc *cuncsc <n 0sDlbhcc% sc <nchcsc cu nb*bc. Sc *cglch.+ du)+ s0)% sh sch0h lh )bs % 2hcc dcbscbs*c dc )c*sbhnc 4s sc cbn2b*0ch.+ <n chs) hdcc/h )*slcDulus% clcc3sunch hDung<nd hs 2cl s+ 2sc <n *u b ul dcs+/<*4s +. Phssunch c hd/c*sh*+ dcclh*h + h cu0sn3cnscs 4s% ch h h*c% h hlcgc*ss: nscsbdh + nu sh sch0h lh 2blbs% cs lh h2cc ul cs: 4s )*c3usc4 c 0hs 0ul <0)lsns*ch bhncs dcc< *cu4s h. Tb3s 2h/b*s3ss cs s<n buns dbh* )cn *u c+ h4h /*ch ch% nu )cn *u c+ s<n <n *chls h c% 4s ss0ulch.+ c+ sc h0+gc4 c /bs : 4s hs 2cl% b*scc *+u sn cn3sbnh scsc 4s 0hs *+u cCccu h . Subscc clc hlcgc*ss s<n 0ul c 4s subls0c. Sc hlcg% <n )*s0ul *<nd% sluDbclc 4s s +*slc% clcc3sunc dc b /sh3+ <n *chg+% <n ch*c ns0c*c4 s b*s dhs g*c4 )cn *u b dchunh% c+cs *s4 s s+"3s scs <n c<*c+ b nc2c*scs*c s*c0cdshbsl+. R+ul c c+ hb +*<*slc cclc 0hs <nsc0nh c sc shu lh )*s0h /<*s +% ls)ss + dc 4 ssn3+ 4s cC)c*scn3+% c<nd dc 2h) n"h* 2s dc hDuns nscs cch 0hs 0h*c )*udcn3+ 4s 0hs cbh) + 0h u*s h c. Nscs hlcgc*ch )*sc cnslb* nu c cch 0hs nc<nsc0nh + bblsgh3sc% dcbh*ccc cs *cbusc s+ 2sc *c.ul h ul hlcgc*ss% nu hl <n <0)l+*ss% hc3sunc <n 2bh* c 0h*c 0+su*+ h )*udcn3cs 4s% ccl 0ul % h )bssbsls +3ss. s"s hlcgs dc hsc0cnch )c ccs h)*b)sh3s% ch*c s<n hdDu hn3s hs /sc3ss 4s% ccl 0hs hdcsch% /*+D0h4s dc ncbcbls . Dhc+ <ns+ 4s <n ch.ul cb)sslb* h* )u ch h/ch lbc clcc3sunch% h* 2s )*s0h dsn *c nb*bcs*s. Dh* s<n hsc0cnch ch)*scss )c lu0c% <nc< 3s
NU KS JBCHCR 177
s"hs )u ch hlcgc )c ccs 0hs *+s: 4s% ch h h*c% h 2bs un hh <* hl nh u*ss s+ nu nc"b <ng+dusc% dcbh*ccc 4s )c hccsh )c ch*c cc*ul 3s s"h d+*us buns% u% 2sc cu )sldh% 2sc cu nc)+sh*ch h% hDungs s+"s 2hcs *+s: c+cs s<n 0ul3s ccs cc 2blbscsc *+u hh <*u*slc nh u*ss 4s hlc sb*3ss. Nu cCss + )c*2cc3sunc 2+*+ clcc3sunc. H*c dbu+ h/hn hDc? )u sn3h dc"h hlcgc% 4s dc"h hlcgc bsnc. C<nd nu cCss + clcc3sunc% <nsch0n+ c+ scs b*bc4 c cc"3s b2c*+ <n <0)lh*ch shu ncccss h ch. Dh* csnc nu h*c )*scc)c*ch dc"h ns0c*s s"b chu c <n s2h shu <n cCc0)lu? c+cs% ch s+ ns0c*c4 s% ch + s+ 4 ss shu s+"s hscul3s )c ccs cc 4 su.
H@SP NU KS JBCHCR8' Shtsr

SJc c4ug h b cc"s 2bh* c bun cs c c+ 0ul ul u. dc/snc hbu.. Tb3s <l *</ncsc dh b*s + cCcclcn3cs% d*c) ch*c dc/snc cb0un: 4s% )sc*.<ndu"4s )*s0h )*c3us*c ch *h*% sc hlcgc cu dss)*c3 ch /ulgh*% 4s c )+ch ch bc0hs cCcclcn3h s+"s )*scsnushsc+ 4s *usnh. H)lhu.clc u u*b*h sc schs0b+ <n su)+*h*c h u u*b*h. Hccs h c ch*sul bbs4nus hl luc*u*slb* 2bh* c h)lhudhbslc <n b*scc sbs dc c0sncn3+ 4s ch*c% n+sc<ndu"sc dsn <nsu4s c*cds ul 4s h*+"nsndu"sc dsn <ns+4s bs cn h3sh lb*% hDungc s+ d+*<0c 4s chsh* s+ dbbbh*c cch 0hs su0c3s + 0+*c3sc: c dc hDuns un cCccs dc c hlh*c ch s+ 2hc+ dsn )u*c )*bdsgss% /ulgh*s +3s.
8'
D#u ks7!chcr6 #c.s 4s Br., 8B% cu hcclh4s s lu. <n b*sgsnhl% >Nb sc* 0hlsllh". S). "hlsllh cs c b ch* c dsn /cchsul Dbc s)hnsbl h!"!rc, ch*c h cs*culh 4s <n K*hn3h% sub nu0clc dc 7cu dc S h!"!rc, sh* "hlsllh h dc/cns hcblb "hnsslc. Du)+ Ls *c% nbu+ dc ch*b% nu0s + "hnsslc, h*c b /hlbh*c h*bs *h*+% hdsc+ /hlbh*ch ch*c <s cbn/snc )bscsb*ulus hccs cs c+*3s. Hs 2cl <nc< % <n *cbusn3h 2sgu*h % c*0cnul "hlsllh, du)+ K*hncsbssns% >/hlc sc*/s*c c 2h* bgns cbsh"% hdsc+ cChc scnsul <n ch*c <l 2blbsc4 c G*hcs1n. <n )*s0h nbhs *+ /c*ssunc h Brhc!lulus "hnuhl ;&'5BE h0 2blbss ch cchs/hlcn hs% )b*nsnd dc lh 2h) ul c+ 4s hcchs + ch* c )bh c h/ch <n unclc Dbcu*s b /hlbh*c /h*shbsl+ <n 2unc3sc dc )*c2c*sn3h )bscsb*ulus% 2ssnd b bdh + b ch* c ch*c lc bh c )c cclclhl c. Cchs/hlcn ul ccl 0hs cChc h* 2s cngl. $7!lk9) 7!kcr, bh*ccu0 snhdcc/h s slss sc. Dhc+ h0 sc4s dsn s2c*h Dbcu*slb* dc nb*bc% *c.c*/b* dc 0c h2b*c h < dc s0)b* hn lh G*hcs1n% un cchs/hlcn cb*cc h* 2s 4s khct!tu". R+0<nc0 <ns+% <n ls)sh hl cs sblu3ss 0hs bunc% lh 7!chcr, )*c2c*<ndu"& sub b* bg*h2sh hcchs h lus Jb2c*. P*s0ul *hduc+ b* hl Brhc!lulus ;du)+ /c*ssunch gc*0hn+ h lus Schb)cnhhuc*E% Shnds Cbns hn sncscu% h 2blbss c*0cnul dc "hnslh, hl c+*us ch*hc c* dcsuc 4s cs*culh3sc h)*bh)c dc .c*b nc"hu b)*s s+"& )*clu+0.
&58
DSSCCRNTBRUL
Mh*c dc2cc cs c s+ nu 2ss bun lh ns0sc% dh* 4s s+ 2ss shu s+ /*cs s+ 2ss% lh bh c. S<n sn4s )c ch*c 0ul clc lb* <n.cs *+*s <s 2hc c+u h3s dc b3s. Nu cCss + ncgb3% 2sc 4s cbn *h* 2b*0h3scs 4s 2s*ss lb*% ch*c s+ nu ls sc <nc*cdsn3c.c% 2sc s)*c h 2s cbndus% 2sc *c.bl/h dc cs: b3s <4s )*bnbs schch.+ nb*bc <n bh c undc )un cs 0<nh 4s% chsh* dhc+ nu sc hnghDch.+ dsn )*b)*sc sns3sh s/+% <ns+4s cCcclcn3h lb* <s dcscb)c*+% sh* 2blbsul cclb*lhl3s <s chu + 4s"s d+ <n /slchg% hs 2cl <nc< . <n ch.ul lb*% 0ul h *c)u h3sc luc*ch.+ c< 0ul h sngc*sn3+% <n ch.ul cclb*lhl3s. H4h cc/h c <ns+ hh.h*d = dhc+ nu dc2cc = 4s bh*ccu0 un cCccs dc /hlbh*c% dc /*c0c cc hDung s+ sc u.c.c% 4s chsh* s+ )sh*+% dc )*ch 0ul c<4 sg. B% 0h*c cu0sn3cnsc cch h uncs 0sDlbcss buncQ Dh* csnc bh*c h 4 su shu h )u u s+ sc *c3sn+ 4s s+ u0blc cu hcchs + ssgu*hn3+O B sc*/s u c h hblbu*slb* <n *u b ul cCcclcn c% h h)ssc*sslb* 2bh* c )*c3sbhsc cs c c+ *cbusc s+ 2sc scbhsc lh bh c sc*b+*slc 4s% cblsnd<nd )cs c b % )*s0csc 0ul c lb/s u*s% d*c) ch*c dc/sn cu*<nd snu slc shu% 4s 0hs *+u% dc *<nd. S<n unss% nscs )u3sns% nscs cu0sn3s% b+ + b*s lh bchs. db*nscs ch b3s s+"s chc0c 4s s+"s chu c: h* l+sh sb0n 4s chsh* 0hs+. dbh* ch s+ nu s ch? )cn *u cs nu c dh* 0hs bun ch b h2hcc*c% nscs .s 0hs bun+ dcc< cch 0hs bcu)h +: 4s ccl 0hs hdcsch nu h4 ch) + s+ 2sc chc0h3s% cs sc h0cs cc+ cs <n bh c 4s% hd+ug<nd h0cs cculus <nd*+.nchlh% cu hl c cu/sn c dubl<nd )*bs sh% sc <n2sg lh 0h*s ss)*+/s: *cu4csc <ns+ ch b3s s+ /b*bchsc+% dc bsnc shu dc *+u% dcs)*c )+*ul lb*% ccch cc c b unh cu h"& *+s+ds )c ls0bh clc/c s*ss 4s h dss)*c3ulus'9. Chsh* dc n"h* 2s hl + *cs *s4 c dcc< cbn snuh csbcns*c cu cs% 2h) ul c+ hu.s /b*bsndu"sc 0c*cu dc cs <3s )*b/bhc+ un sh3 h < dc su)+*+ b*% <nc< dc/sn )c u*0+ lh 2cl dc dc cs h3s% )c c< dc db*s3s hu 2bs 0hs"nhsn c. Nu bh c lc scs dsn 0<sns cu hccch4s nb*bcs*c 4s% uncb*s% ccch cc c*h lh <ncc)u b 0<nd*c3c dc u*csb*% hDungc )<n+ lh u*0+% hluncc<nd dc )c *bh + ;2sc 4s cch h sb*3ssE% un /hs )*chDbsnsc'& hl sc+lb4scs 4s dsc*cds +*ss lb*. #b* s+ 2sc )c gus ul u u*b*h% ccch cc c cu nc)u sn3+% 4s hDung s+"s dc.gus c )c b3s% ccch cc c 0hs u4b*.
'9
ls"!h clc ctsrss 4s h dssprculus6 <n b*sgsnhl% >cbnssgucn Fuc bdbs hhblcn dc sus chbcllbs% Fuc cs Sb 0ss0b Fuc Fus h*lbs h lh lcnguh )h*h lh 0u*0u*hcsbn ! dcs)*ccsb"% cC <n ch*c Dbcul cbncc) uhl )b*nc4 c dc lh cC)*cssh >nb cnc* )clbs ;chbcllbsE cn lh lcnguh" h 2s gu*hls/% h 2s bun dc gu*+. Cchs/hl+0 cu cC)*cssh *b01nchsc+ >h h/ch )+* )c ls0b+"% h 2s nccsb)ls % b+d+*hn. " un hs prch7!snsc6 C2. Ph/cl% R!"., '% 7&. NU KS JBCHCR &5'
Ccs cc sc *c0h*c+ 0ul nu sch)+ h 2s )s.0us3s shu u*<3s? cu c< 0hs 0h*c lu0sn+3sh% 0hs 0h*c 4s c0ulh3sh. Tb3s sc )b scncsc dc c+*+0sdh ch*c sc *sdsc+ dchsu)*h cclb*lhl c% <nc< hcchs h nscs nu 0hs cs c c0sncn3+% cs )b scns*c: hs 2cl% lh 0ul3s% /bsn3h dc h *bnh hDungc s+ 2sc nu *clsc2% cs bbs hcbl. Cbn/cnscn3h c 4ub*cd+% 4s chsh* dc s scl+% )*sn 2*hgsls h c% 4s% dhc+ c 0ul scbhs+ <n )ublsc% sc cC)unc lh 0hs 0ul c s.bs*s: 0hs bsnc sc )+s *ch.+ <n s.blh*c% 2sc 4s"n )hsclc u0slsn3cs shlc. Unss /b* s+ 2sc 0c*cu cbcb4ss )ublscs +3ss 4s h < h c<n +% <nc< nc0ul3u0csc: h* hDungc un s *sg+ % dbu+ )cn *u s2h shu *c.s*c% 2ssndc+ 0hs 0ul dc"h < h <nsch0n+ h c<n h )*bs b*s h c <nc+)+3<nh. M<nch*ch cch 0hs dclscsbhs+ )sc*dc h dbuh bh*+ 0ul dsn )*s0h )l+cc*c: h *csh bh*+ su)+*+ dc"h d*c) ul: 0hs bsnc h* 2s s+ sc )+s *c.c lh cls)clc dsn <s hlc gus ulus% s <*nsnd db*sn3h. s dhc+ h4h c cu cch 0h c*shl+% cu h < 0hs 0ul cu hdc/+*h h h*hn+ h su2lc ulus% dcs2+ +*s hlc sn clcc ulus 4s hlc gus ulusQ Sh* hccs h% cu c< c 0hs 0h*c% cu h < c 0hs gsngh4 4s 0hs g*cu dc 0ul3u0s . Mhs 0ul 2hcc b *h*s h c cCcclcn +% c+cs b dchunh ds2scslul h 2bs )*c3us . Pc 0+su*+ cc un b+*bh cCcclcn % 2sc )*sn cu*hD% 2sc )*sn <n/+3+ u*+ shu )*sn sn cg*s h c b*s )*udcn3+% sc *c *hgc% dc/snc sn/sdshbsl. )cn *u c+ cl s + lbculus 4s b3s <s duc db*ul% cu 0hs 0ul c*cds 4s chsh* nb*bc. B*scc 0bdc*h3sc cs c shlu h*+% 0hs hlcs <n h)h*s3sc% <n *uc< cbnsc*/+ /sh3h *c)u h3scs. Sn <lnc4 s hsc0cnch Dbchc*s <n b sbsul dc c0sncn3c. S<n 4s dc"hs 2*u0usc3ss% h c+*cs bs cn h3sc% )c l<ng+ *ssc% )*s0c4 c nu0hsdcc< )cdch)sh dc/hlb*s.+*ss% sh* 0hs h)bs )c cch h dss)*c3ulus. Cc bsnc h cunbscu *sscul hccs h /ulgh* 4s cc bsnc h 4 su s+"& )*c<n <0)snc hclh0h h Pb)ch '7 h lus Nc*bQ Cch ch*c h 4 su b dchunh s+ db0snc 2*u0usc3ch 4s"b h*+ h b dchunh 2slh ? nscsbdh + nu 4s"h s+ u*h nscs 0+ch* )*b)*sss bchs% h/h*+ cu b3s% )s.0usndu"4s"b ssc4s. <4s dc./clch <n *"b .s bchss 4s 2*un ch% <n hl h gu*h 4s bb*hDss% 2+*+ h"4s l+sh nscsc<nd /+.u *cs ul 2*u0usc3ss 4s c<4 sg<nd hs 2cl cch 0hs 0h*c )*c3us*c. Mh*c lcc3sc c hcchs h dc h 4 s s+ c 2hcs )*c3us % dc h 4 s s+ /sn.s b c0sncn3+% )*c2+c<ndu" c c+ b hcb)c*s% ch s+ b )+s *c.s 4s chsh* s+ b s)b*c4 s cu db*sn3h% sh* <n Skhturslc ctrc Br!htul Htcnt sc /h /b*bs dcs)*c ch cu <n/+3+ u*+. Cclcb*+ cbn2s*0h*c cch cu s0h"
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&89
DSSCCRNTBRUL
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'6
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'A
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)u)h% hcblb s + lh c<*0+ <n c+l+ b*sh /sc3ss. Unss hu <ncc)u u*s 2bh* c 2c*scs c <n b ul% 4s chsh* h)lhudhbslc: bcu)+ b dc0ns h c cu <n <sc h c% hDung lh un )bs cu h)lhu.c% <ncc) b )*sc cnsc cu hh <*? b*scc <ncc)u c cu nb*bc. Ccs dc 2clul lb* bbs4nuscsc s+ hsb+ <ns+ <nchcsc*slc 2bh* c *hgscc 4s .h3u*slc 2bh* c h0h*c: bh + nc2c*scs*ch *+0<nc )cn *u dcsc* % )*ccu0 <n )hhh*ul cu )u*gh s/ h0+*+csunch. M+*ch3+ *cgul+ h <ncc)c*ss 4s h s2<*4s*ss h dh *b0hnul '' c<nd h s)us c+ bh c dc0ns +3slc 4s *hngu*slc 4s lc dbb<ndssc <nhsn c dc h 4s lc 2s db*s 4s c+ )c bh c lc )+*+sssc <nhsn c dc h lc 2s db*s hl3ss. Mhs 0ul c hs h dcc< cch dsn <s: dc4s b % 0ul ? hccch h 2bs hh <* hl sb*3ss% hcchs +lhl + h 2bs *chls.h*c h uncs )*udcn3c h)h* c. Nc2c*scs*ch c uncb*s )cdch)s+ h sn c0)c*hn cs% 4s 0h*c glb*sc cch h )*ch<n <0)sn+*ss. M<ng<sc*ch <n3clc)3slb* c c+ hu l+sh cs luc*u*slc <nhsn c dc h"s 2s l+sh clc )c cs% sh* s2h ul c s+ lc"b scs <nhsn c.
'5
... 0slc hl!c6 <n b*sgsnhl? >lbs )cchbs cub*c dc blhncb% ! dc ncg*b lhs cs)hldhs% Fuc cl nb cs)c*h*lhs cs dh* cn cl blhncb"% Dbcu*s cbncc) uhlc sdsb0h scc% ds2scsl dc cchs/hlh . Sblu3sh nbhs *+ 0s.ch.+ )c /hlb*s hsc0+n+ bh*c. '8 Phlsnur6 Phlsnu*us% )c*sbnhD dsn Cncsdh, # 4s "S9 )slb ul cb*+bscs lus Cnchs. '' r!"hnul6 G*hcs1n dc./bl + sdcs ss0slh*c dcs)*c Pb0)csus <n Hsc, "SSS. #c.s 4s Scncch% Dc trhnAusllsthtc hns"s, 6. BM CU ZH BUN &86
Pb3s )b *s/s 4s nb*bcul% <nsb3sndu"& cu bunh 0+su*+ )<n+ lh bunul .h3 4s 0cn3sn<ndu"& <n ss0)h sh bh0cnslb* cu h h*c h* +% <nc< hclh0h3sh bb4 chsc+ dc lh sn *h*c s+ sc )*c2hc+ <n *cg*c uns/c*shl lh sc4s*c. Nscsbdh + nu *cbusc s+ s2<*4c4 s cu *u) u*+% nscs <n )*sc cnsc% nscs <n hh <*% sluDb+ shu *hng% 2ssndc+ sc)h*h3sh Dsgnc4 c *c)u h3sh% )c l<ng+ su2c*sn3h )c ch*c b )*b/bhc+. Pu3sns dsn *c nb*bcb4s hu sc+)h dc lb/s u*slc ul s0c hlc sb*3ss% c+cs 0h*clc nb*bc h*c dc bbsccs .h3u*s *clc? dh% <ns+% hccsh )c ch*c% lh s0)% s"h *c *hs 2sc sbh* h <ns+4s% 2sc cu0sn3cnsh. Pc hl3ss% )c c*bs% cc*ul <nsu4s s"h <n.cs *h cu lchc% *clsc2<ndu"lc 0ss c*sbs s2<*4s ul% ch lus Mbssc% dss)+*u % 4s lus Slsc% *+)s &99% 2+c<ndu"lc *su02 dsn *+)bsh*c. Chsh* hcblb% <n 2hbulbhsh )+g<n+ h c. un Rb0ulus &9& h s2<*4s <ndbsclnsc% *+u h ch scnh b*slb* *hns2b*0<ndu"sc <n 0ss *c*% ccch cc s"h hdus b 4s 0hs 0h*c /cnc*h3sc. Hl3ss% dc4s c0sncn3s shu chsh* c*bs% 4s"hu 4 c*s% ch bhlhu*ul% cu ncnb*bcs*ch s2<*4s ulus lb*% glb*sh ss)*+/slb*. H b*s Hc*culc&97% )*cschs0bh <n Ph*c+ h )*b)*scs nc0u*s*s% 4s 4s"h )us nu cblb2bn% cs cblbn 2h) clb* 0+*c3c% c+cs h4h 2usc. H 2bs )*slcD dc 0<hns*c )cn *u /s cDs 4s dc dc.h0+gs*c )cn *u <n3clc)3s. Nu0hs /s* u ch c )hs+*ch 2cnsC% ch*c% c<nd )h*c h sc ss)*+/s% h uncs *cnh4 c 4s /c4nscc4 c <n /cnc*h3sc ccch cc h <ncc)u <n h)lhu.c.
&99 &9&
M!ssc... Slsc...6 Dcs)*c Mbssc% /c.s Dcut., 6(% &"8. Dcs)*c Slsc Tcs/s chnul% /c.s S# Rc#.,:, &&. un R!"ulus6 Dcs)*c 0bh* ch lus Rb0ulus% /c.s Ts us Ls/sus% Dc lh kundhrch R!"cs, S% @#S. Dss)+*u b*usc 4s 2+*+ u*0+ dc )c *bn% <n s0)ul uncs .slc 2u* unbhsc 4s cu cch3+% scnh b*ss h2s*0hu c+ Rb0ulus 2uscsc *+)s lh cc* <n s0)ul 2u* unss% dc4s hl ./bn sus3snch c+ *cgclc 2uscsc 42<4sh 4s 2+cu s+ dss)h*+ chsh* dc scnh b*s. P*s0ul ./bn h 2bs <n +*s <ns+ dc P*bculus Sulsus% ch*c h h2s*0h c+ Rb0ulus s s"h h*+ h dsn cc*% undc sc h2lh% 4s s"h s)us c+ Rb0h /h 2s ch)s hlh lu0ss. &97 H t!rs Hcrculc6 B /c*ssunc lh sn+ h lcgcndcs lus Hc*culc )b/cs c4 c c+ *cgsnh L!dscs% B0)hhlh% <n sluDbh c+*csh Hc*culc ss)+4ssc ucsdc*ch )*sc cnulus s+u S)hs bs% <l u0slch )c c*bu% <0b*+c<ndu"& <n 2c0csc 4s sslsndu"& s+ bh*c+ l<n+ lh )scsbh*clc shlc. >Cblb2bnul"% ch*c s"h* 2s cbns2sn3s c*bss0ul% dc/snc >cblbn"% g*. k!l!n, 0c0b*u shu sc0n dc )unc uh3sc. #c.s 4s Crst., S% 5. >Kusc" c b hlu.sc lh hccch4s ss uh3sc. &8( DSSCCRNTBRUL
H@SSSP BM HL BSTCNTHSCS&96
Hp!l!#
@*bdsgsb4s s<n bchss sn/sdscs: hu 0ul dsn su2c*s*c: n"h* /*ch s+ /hd+ h < h c< /+d: dc4s s<n ccs 0hs hgc*s% n" hu 2bs /+.u3s nscsbdh + scnsns 4s% dhc+ s"h )u u s)unc dcs)*c cs c+ hu h/u 0c*cu /cdc*c bun+% nscsbdh + 0hs )b *s/s ch h uncs c<nd. )*sn bchss u u*b* )+s+*slb*% hu )*s/s hccl 0s*hcbl h*s)h hl 2*u0usc3ss? P+unul Sunbncs. <l )*s/chu% sbh*c dc )cnc% *+s+*snd cu h < ch *h.c c< c )cnc u*s dcschsdc <n *bh h"s s)lcndsd+. Dc lh 0s*h*c sc *ccc lh hd0s*h*c% dhc+ nu c )h s0+? c+cs dhc+ c. dcgcnc*ch.+ nu0hsdcc< 4s% c<nd nu )bh c dc/cns c0ulh3sc% sc )*c2hcc <n 0scs0ch )s.0cs. Hu b*bs % h4hdh*% dc"h < h /cdc*c% <ncc)u Csbh*h% ch unh 0hs Dbsnsc+% s+ )bncg*chsc+&9(% du)+ cc sc )b0cns Du0uls + 4s *u4snh +: *ccch dc lh unclc lh hl clc% sscb"dsndu"lc )c bh c% )c /ul u*s <n )sscu*slc lb*% )c lcbcdc <n sh.u*s% )c c*c3s )c )*+Dsnslc lb*% )c cbcb4s )c g*+0c.slc lb* dc gunbs% 2+*+ h lc us h )c bu2ns3c 4s cucu/clc <n )bdu*slc lb* su0b*c. <ncc)ch cu b lhud+ bsnc 2+3+*s + 4s s2<*4ch cu b clc/c s*c )c 2h3+? >K*u0bs c 4s 0<nd*u% .scch ch% P+unul% nu b )u c0 +g+dus% )sc*dc <ns+ b ul c<nd b h*h +? c+cs 4s ccl 0hs 0h*c 0c*s % <n .suh c<nd sc cunbh4 c )c ssnc
<nsu4s% nu .sc nscs 0+ch* c<nd sc 2hcc cunbscu % dcchdc dsn nbblc3ch sh 4s chdc <n u4u*+ h c. Lhudh <n )*b)*sh gu*+ c cch 0hs ssgu*+ bch*+: b dchunh ccs cc 0c*s + 0hs 0ul /b*bcsc dcs)*c ssnc 0hs )u3sn. K*u0bhs+ c*h Khbulh% g*h3sbhs+ 4s )*scc)u + 4s% 0hs hlcs% cb)sl+% dh* n"h 0hs 2bs ns0sc% du)+ cu0 h c<n h lcb+dh dsn Bslbslss&9B% c<nd h c+u h s+ sc <ng<02c. Cu unh sbcb c+ #ul u*ul% dhc+ h* 2hcc )h*hd+ dc )cnclc lus *cgc4 s% 4s" h* h *hgc h)lhu.clc )*sn 0hscs h ch 4s g*h/s h ch lb*. Ch% )<n+ 4s KcnsCul% 0snunh*c 2+*+ )c"
&96
B" hl !stcnthscs6 #c.s Br., 755% cu s lu sdcn sc. H)blbgul )+unulus h 2bs cb0cn h dc Jchn Rbussc % Hsst!ssc dcs lsttcrhturcs, >Plcshdc"% Ghlls0h*d% Ph*ss. &'BA% /bs. SS% )). &9&"&96. &M *nccpu Cs!hrh... s p!nc#rchsc6 Dc./bl h*c h unus snsc* 2hbulss sc dcs)*c csbh*h c+*csh s sc shu <nh)bs )cnclc 2u*h c% Hb*hDsu% Cpsst!lc, S% 6% &8"79. &9B lc!dh dsn Bsl!slss6 Mh*3shl. Sc *c2c*+ lh c)sg*h0h &% AB ;>H Khbulh0 sus lhudh *scc"E% *c)*bdus+% <n b*sgsnhl 4s <n *hducc*ch lus Shlsnhs% 4s <n Hsc, @LSS. BM HL BSTCNTHSCS &8B
*cchc h uns/c*sulus% u*+4 c hcchs + )*ch/ulgh*+ bs cn h3sc 4s"4s ducc /sh3h 0hs )*c3us <n hcch )c c< dc cu0sn c% )c"h < dc *c)u h + ssh+s *sc h sh." s b h4h% nu cbn cnch s+ sc0cnc sn/sdsc% 4s <nc+ 0hs /<* bs <n sns0slc 0scs% ch*c lcsnc sc u0)lu dc b*scc. C 0bls)ss bh*c sn/sdsh: g+sc4 c b dchunh dc cc s+ sc hgh c% )<n+ 4s dc s0hgsnh*: 2sh*+ ncs)us dc c*ud+ ch*c% cu bsnclc s *+sn% <s 2hcc h < h *+u )*b)*sulus cs s +)<n. H <ncc)u s+ sc h*+nchsc+ dsn 0+*un hsc% 2sc <n scb)ul unus 0hs 0h*c chsn% 2sc )cn *u h su*ghsuns dsn clc b*scc b0cnsc. S"hu cbnDu*h cu bh clc ch s+"s <n unccc% dc nu chsh* s+"s dss *ug+% 2*u0usc3ch. P*bccdh*+ cu /sclcnsc% <4s *h2snh*+ *+u h ch% ncdc"clh*<ndu"sc <0)b *s/h 2*u0usc3ss% cs <0)b *s/h 2udulscs shlc? >Kssndc+% .ssc Cb3b2hnh% dhc+ s.bu s0 ch cl s+ nu 0hs )bh + 2hcc 0ul bdsbhsh )h*hd+ dc )cnclc shlc% <s ccls)s+0 cu b ul 2*u0usc3ch." Ccch cc nu sc /cdc c ch 4s cu0 n"h* 2s 4s% )*ccu0 h s)us hcch )+s+*usc+ sh s*sc+&9A? > ssn3h h nu c ns0sc% dhc+ ccslhl3s nu 4 su c+ 4 ss." s s<n dc lh ssnc <n3clcsc bh c cclclhl c <n.cs *+*s% chsh* dhc+ /b*bcsc dc *cgsnh u u*b*h. Luc*u*slc <ndcbb4 c nu *cc d*c) ccch cc s<n % cs d*c) ccch cc )h*. S<n 0ul 0hs 0ul3s )*b4 ss dcc< )*scc)u3ss% hccsh sc 0ul3u0csc cu h)h*cn3h 4s% chsh* dhc+ hcc4 sh shu sch0h lh 0sc.% h0+gs*ch )*ccu0)+nc4 c 4s luc*u*slc s<n )*c3us c )c dsn h2h*+. Sc dusc*+ s+"s 2b*0ulc.c hcu.h*ch% dsn )h* ch <n *cgss *c)ublscs u4bh*c. Cb*bul% Csbh*h 4s Cb3b2hnh% cu hl clc dc ch)h lb*% c+cs bh c cclclhl c sc scu.h*+% #ul u*ul cu sc*sb.s h ch% KcnsCul cu s.blh*ch. Pb*u0bclul cu ss0)ls h ch% Kh.hnul cu )*s0cDdsh 4s Lcb+dh cu 0u3cnsh% c+cs ch g<ndc4 c 0c*cu% ch s+ c<n c dulcc b dh +. Zbu*h*+ <n c+u h*ch lus )<n+ lh 0+*c3ul )hlh hl Bbg+3scs. Sc <n <lns*+ nu0hsdcc< cu un Ph)hghl% ch*c s + ch )c un bhlcbn 4s <n *"b cbls/sc% s2c*+ hnu0c h ls0bu cs. Lc s)usc cu 0h*c u4u*sn3+ b cc 4 sh% hdsc+ b cc /bshu cs. <s *s0ssc*+ un 0cshD )*sn *"b Mhs0u3+: h*c sc bucu*+ P+unul dc sbss*ch lb*% c+cs nu sch)+ )*slcDu*slc dc h sc h*+ h. <s )*s0s <n *"b cu* c sn c*sbh*+ s)h3sbhs+% ch *u hugus hl s)lcndb*ss 2+lbhsc 4s h*cn+ b+ u + h cb0)c s3scs lus% 2slb s0 cu sbh*clc <nsu4s% )cnc lh *h.c 4s *bh + lh *bh +.
&9A
hcch psrusc shtsrsc6 Pc*ssus% Shtsrc, &% 75? >scs*c uu0 nshsl cs % nsss c scs*c hbc scsh hl c*". #c.s 4s Br., &69% 4s Crst., SS. 6.
&8A
DSSCCRNTBRUL
Dh* <s sc4s *+u )h*hdh% bc0hs c<nd c*h 0hs g*h3sbhs+% c+cs 4s ccch cc cs c ncs)us dc cCcclcn dc)sndc dc <0)*cDu*+*s 4s nu"s /snc b dchunh *<ndul. Mc chnc dc hh*)sc s<n cclc hlc )s.0cs% s0*cdusc4 c b ul 4s% ch lh /hsslssc% )*s/s*ch cs ucsdc: 4s cu bh c c+ 2*u0usc3ch dc bbsccs /*+Dc4 c% hscs 0hs 0ul s"h <n +*< h 4s% schs0b<nd h)lhu.clc <n snsul c% /ulgh* <n2u*sh c% <s s)usc*+? >Cc bsnc"3s chdc hs h% b% )hs+*c ncbun+ 4s <n2u0u*h +% cu sblsh cc 3s"b hducc0 dsn )h* ch <n *cgulus scnh <nh*s)h Q <n *"hdc/+*% du)+ cc"b s"b hu.s% hs sh <3s s *<ngs )cnhDul 4s"b s+"3s dhs )c b*h.d+ *u2shQ H2l+ c+ bh c )+s+*slc s<n 2bh* c Dsgns c dc <n2bsc*ch h ncsu2c*s +% c+cs h4h nu0csc bbl2h hccch 0h*c dc )cnc% 4s cu dc)lsn c0cs% 2ssndc+ c b csud+3cnsc cu b ul bdsbhs+ 2h) ul c+ dbh* u% dsn *c bh c )+s+*slc% /*cs s+"3s dcs2+4b*s hcch *bh + )*chdc4h* +% luc*u lh ch*c nu c hl h s+ sc <ncu0c c% dc4s h < ch h* )u ch"b 2hcc lh 2cl ch snc% dhc+ nu 4s 0hs bsnc% dc /*c0c cc nscs B< lhnul nu"4s h*bb*ch.+ cg*c clc% nscs S *u3ul nu"4s c hlch.+ )cnhDclc% nscs KcnsCul <nsu4s nu"4s /ulgh*s.ch.+ sh2s*clc 4s s0h*hldclc% c+ )cnc nu s lc )b nu0s. <3s )b*unccsc% h4hdh*% 4s"3s b*dbn+ 2+*+ d*c) dc h)cl ch dc h.s <nhsn c s+ nu 0hs 2ss h)h* c% ccch cc <nsch0n+ s+ scs sch0h lh <ns+4s cu/ssn3h h% dcbh*ccc% dhc+ hs h/ch 0hs 0ul ch) 4s 0hs )u3sn+ cbhd+ *b h +% 3s"hs dh sch0h c+ bc0hs c<nd /*cs 0hs h*c s+"3s c hlc.s 2*u0usc3ch )cnclb*% <3s dcscb)c*s cch 0hs 0h*c dsn *c slu3cnss% c+cs hs h"3s s<n )scsbh*clc. Bs cn h3sh h 2bs b dchunh /ulgh*+? nh4 c dsn *u2sc. T*c.c4 c sc<*bh 4s% )*sn *c cu0sn3s% c cu b ul dssc*cds h +. Rc *hgc*ch )lsn+ dc g*h/s h c% )*udcn h s2shl+% )*cchu3sh dsscc*n+ bh*c *+scsc nc ulbu*h c% 0ul3u0s c s+"4s 2sc lb*u4s dc hDuns: nu cu0)+*+ h)h*cn3c h0+gs bh*c 4s nscs nu lc /<nd. Rchls h ch <4s c ssc4s su2scscn +% nu h*c nc/bsc dc h0+gs c h)lhu.c dsn h2h*+: 4s% <n *"un cu/<n % u c4 s ss0bblul bbg+3sslb*? cC)unc*ch lb* <n )ublsc nu c cu0sn3cnsc% cs *ssc." R+0hsc ulus + )*ch2*u0bhsh )hs+*c h Sunbncs 4s% c<nd <4s *c/cns dsn ulbu*h*c shu dsn )*+bu4s*c% cCclh0+ hs 2cl? >B% lhud+% ch*c b dchunh /ss dc lh s *+sns% b% dss)*c3% ch*c b dchunh <3s sbsc4 c dc lh hs +sQ C bh*c cu )u sn3+ ch h uncs c<nd <*+sc bchss u u*b*h )c u*0h 2*u0usc3ss 0clc% c+cs hs h <0s 2hc ccs 0h c*shls hs )cnclb*% s+ sn *u <n gu*h unb* cb3b2cnc 4s csb*sO S+"0s bs<nds3s bs cn h3sh% 4s nu 2*u0usc3chO Cc*ul% ch*c 0s"h hcb*dh "b )c hcchs h% 0"h <0bbg+3s cu hccch% c+cs b*sch*c dsn clc ssngu*+ h* 2s dc )*ssbs. Lh cc"h* sluDs *chls h ch 2+*+
h)h*cn3+O Cch 0hs 0h*c <n3clc)csunc% h.s% du)+ cu0 sus3sn unss )bls scscns% h*
BM HL BSTCNTHSCS &85
cbns h <n h 2hcc s+ )h*+. H 4 s 4s h 4 s s"b h*+3s <nsch0n+ h 4 s dc dbu+ b*s. Cu h4 s)unc dcs)*c bs cn h3sc ccch cc hl3ss dcs)*c nb*bc% 4s hnu0c c+ 2hcc 0hs 0ul b uncsc dsn ch dcc< dbu+ /cd*c dc ch)hcs h c 2+*+ ch. Cc 2blbs c+ un luc*u c *c0h*chbsl <n ssnc% dhc+ nu 4s )h*c h 2sO Dhc+ sbh*clc n"h* *+s+*s% 2+c<nd )*chs *+lucs + )h*hd+ dc *h.clc shlc: dhc+ *hndh2s*ul% )*sn *c 2lb*s% h* *+0<nc )u*u*ch <n c0ns3h <n bbbbcul s+u 4s nu 4s"h* dcs2+4u*h 0s*chs0h h *bh + dc )bDh*u*s: dhc+ dsh0hn ul% hDu h dc h* +% nu 4s"h* hl c*nh h)clc% 2c3clc 4s *c2lcCclc% bh*c lh cc h* sluDs h < h lu0sn+% /hlbh*c 4s 2*u0usc3c% dhc+ nu lc"h* *clsc2h bs cn h3shO Cu s<n sbh*clc h*s)h % cu s<n *hndh2s*ul dc )cnc% cu s<n gsu/hsc*ul nh u*ss 4s. dc /*c0c cc <nsu4s cc*ul 0s"h dh dcs+/<*4s*ch% *cbusc s+ h0 4s bs cn h3sh. K+c+ b*ul <nsu4s h b cc c c*ch s"h <ng*sDs % 0hs <n <s dc bh c% dc 2hlh u u*b* luc*u*slb* dc /*c0c cc h c*ch nu0hs dcc< lu0snh 4s% b dh + cu ch% s *+lucs*ch% 4s. dhc+ lu+0 bsnc sch0h% lu0snh <ns+4s h 0c*s h cclc dsn <s h)lhu.c% sh* hccs ch% ds/snc? c+cs dhc+ lu0snh lc h*h + )c bh c cclclhl c% )c ch <nsu4s C*ch b*ul h /*u s+ b h*h c% <n 2clul hccs h% lucs*ch h 2bs lh 2cl dc )*b0) + <n luc*u*s ch 4s 2ssn3h? h < c dc 0h*c *ccc*ch bs cn h3scs )c l<ng+ )*s0ul 4s su)*c0ul gus ." s% .ss 4s 2+cu % <4s dcs2+4u*+ sh*+4s 0h*clc"s scu *b und dc *c2lcCc schs0b+ bh*c% )c c< dc dc2cnss/ )cn *u 2hlh sh% )c"h < dc b2cnss/ )cn *u sn/sdsc. Hscs% hcchs h <4s )sc*du dc"h bsnclch cu0sn3cnsh 4s% <n *"b cbnDu*h3sc h *clcs"/bsn3c% sc n+)us s*+ b3s% Cb*bul lh bchs% cclclhl c lh )cnc. Sc /+.u lh 0h*c hnhnghsc )*ch2*u0bhsh )hs+*c% sh* s)lcndbh*ch sh <n cch 0hs 0h*c )*s0cDdsc: 4s chsh* sc .scc c+ dc )c u*0h hcclcs s)hs0c s"h *+0hs 4s glhsul ch*c <n hcclh4s s0) b 4s dcnu0c4 c% ph !, 4s <nsch0n+ ph !r%F%. Nu h/u hl + h)+*h*c dcc< cch bbs4nus + h 2*u0usc3ss% 4s hnu0c s+ dch glhs: scbhsc 3s)c c% 4s 2bh* c s *sdcn c% chc0<nd <n hDu b* cc*ul 4s )+0<n ul. K+cchu gu*+ 4s du40hnss% ch s+"s hcb)c*c )<n+ 4s glhsul% sh* lh 0h*ch lb* h+*0+lhsc /cns*+"n g*hb+ )*sn /+.duh 0ul c )+s+*s% 4s )c )+0<n 0ul c dsh+nss% hcclch .bu*<nd% hccs ch hlc*"g<nd. Sc <n *uns*+ bh c Lsghsbhnclc dc )hlh % un Lcu% un Tsg*u% un U*s 4s dbu+ Mhs0u3c <n *u h)+*h*ch slug+*nscchsc+% 4s% lh c*bnc+ns u*slc Cb*bslb* 4s Ghs3clb*% /cns*+ dc lh c<0) Lu)ul 4s #ul)ch% c*c.<nd c+ c*hu bbcc c lh <ng*b)+csunch unus lc4. <l
&95
ph !... ph !r6 C s0blbgsc >c*h !lsc+"% bh.h + )c h *hc3sc )h*bns0sc+. &88 DSSCCRNTBRUL
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BM HL BSTCNTHSCS &8'
0hs )u3sn ss0ulh dcc< bs cn h3sh 4s )sc*c b dchunh dsn )*scsnh hccs us bc c4ug% 2ssndc+ c 2bh* c h)*b)sh dc /hns h c&98% sh* hcchs h% dc dss)*c3. T*cbusc s+ 2sc 2bh* c 0bdc*h + 4s <n *u b ul b)b* un+% c+cs 0bdc*h3sh cugc ulus c <nc+ 4s 0hs ncccsh*+ dcc< cch h *u)ulus. Dc hcchs h 3snc /sh3h 0h c*shl+% sh* dc cchlhl +% cch s)s*s uhl+? c+cs 0bdc*h3sh )blcsc4 c 4s 2sh*clc. Uncb*s% bs cn h3sh cbns + 0hs 0ul <n *"b clbc/cn3+ 0u +% <n *"b
cC)unc*c ch <n *"b dbh*+ h chls +3slb* c0sncn c% sh* c< cbdh + b dsss0ulh*c )*udcn + cs c b )h*hd+ h)lhudhbsl+ h /hlb*ss% hscundc*ch 0c*s clb* 2ssnd b hdc/+*h + )*bclh0h*c h lb*% dcbh*ccc )*s/h*ch dc clc .g<nd+*c4 c <n )unc ul ccl 0hs scnssbsl cu*sb.s h ch. Sc 2blbsc4 c dccs dc hcchs + h* + <n chs) 2c*scs 4s sc *clsc2ch.+ 4s 0hs 0ul cu hDu b*ul h* cs. Mh*ch"s s *h hgc0+ c s+ nu sc dc./+lusc bh + dsn *"b dh +. cs 2slh % .ug*+/sndu"4s dcs+/<*4s*ch 4s <n *cc<ndu"4s"b 0c*cu: un *clsc2 s+ 2sc cbn/bch dc hl ul 4s 0hs 0h*c% sh* h)lhu.clc )cn *u b <n.cs *h*c% h4 c) h*c <nnbs + h cclcslhl c% 4s lh 2cl 4s <n ss)*+/slc 0+*c3c% <n *c3sn<nd )u*u*s h)lhu.clc 4s h*+nsnd us0s*ch. Dh* /cnsnd hcu0 lh )*scsnh nbhs *+% .sc% 4s h4h c*cd% c+ h* 2s b sslnscsc ncsu2c*s + ch P+unulus s+"s 2sc hcb*dh + 2*u0usc3ch 4s +g+dus + 2hlh. Nscs <n3clch) + nh u*+ n"h* <ng+dus unh ch hs h% c+cs h* <nsc0nh bs<nds*ch )*b/sdcn3cs shlc% 4s <0)b *s/h )u c*ss cs nu cCss + )*ccc) c% dhc+ nu 0sDlbcc4 c *h3sunch )bls sc+% 4s chsh* 4s h uncs% b cc cCslch.+ s)<n.u*+ bh*ch cu 2*sch dc ch% cbn *h0hndch.+ nh u*h cu )u c*c. Lchcul /h 2s 0hs )*hc sc% )c c< dc lcsnscsbs% )c"h < dc c2schcc% 4s hnu0c? s+ s sc cch*+ P+unulus <n 0bd sc*sbs 4s s+ s sc b*dbnc <n sns hn3+ )cnhl+ ch% b*s dc c< c b*s <4s /h dcs2+4u*h <n /<n 2clu*s0ch clcghn3cs% s+ h *hg+ nch)+*h )*s/s*slc hsu)*h u*<3cnscs )scsbh*clb* shlc% h4h <nc< <n+l3h*ch )cnhDulus 4s cbbb*<*ch bchslb* s+ 2sc ss0ul hnc. C+cs /+ hssgu* c+ h < h dbh* /h 2s dc hDuns s)*c h"s cb*cc h bs cn h3sh." <l h)lhudh*+ cu b3ss )c h*bs *u% P+unul sc su)usc 4s hdunh*ch sc <0)*+4 sc% unh dsn *c )+s+*s 2ssnd g*hbnsc *s0ss+ h"& *ugh )c hh.bs <n3clc) ul Csb) s+ bsnc/bshsc+ h hd+ugh cclb* hn scc 4s hcchs + <n <0)lh*c 0bdc*n+ 4s cCc0)lh*+.
&98
hnsthtc6 <n BP"BG.BC S% ).6(&b% hrscdhd, sh* <n HH"BG.BC% ). &&(h% hnsdhd, dc4s 2+*+ 0b s/h*ch b)3sunss. P*c2c*+0 ul s0h lcc3sunc. &'9 DSSCCRNTBRUL NU TC PLCCH TBHNCS &'&
*s h ch c )bhlclc # nscsbdh +
H@S#P NC TC PLCCH TBHNCS&9' Sn ccts

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&9'
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&&& &&7
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S HS BUNC SMPRB#SZHSS &'6
H@#P S HS BUNC SMPRB#SZHSS&&6 Pr!!lc"%%.

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&&6
S+ hs !unc s"pr! s0hss6 #c.s Br., BA% cu s lu sdcn sc. Mh c*sh hccs us ch)s bl sc *c2c*+ lh )*c.cn3h dc s)s*s % <n.cs *h*c )cn *u ch*c G*hcs1n 2blbsc4 c b bbgh + sc*sc ssnbns0sc+. &&( Pr!!lc"6 >Hccs subs hn s/ <nsch0n+ b )*b)b.s3sc ch*c cbn3snc b <n *cbh*c dubs h s/+% sh* hcchs h bbs4nusc4 c h 2s dcs)*c dbu+ luc*u*s hsc0+n+ bh*c% )u" <ndu"sc sus3snc dc b*sch*c dsn cclc dbu+ )+*3s." Juhn dc Rcngs2b% Hrtc p!ctsch csphn!lh ;cs +0 du)+ HH"BG.BC% ). &&5h nb h 7E. P*bblc0h )c ch*c b )unc hscs G*hcs1n sc )bh c *cducc lh <n *cbh*ch? Cc c 0hs bsnc% *c)cdc shu bsncO &&B 1!hrtc rcpcdc, dhc k!hrtc !snc6 Dc4s h *sbus + lus Sblb0bn% nu0s )*sn hn bnb0h.+ ;><n3clc) ul"E% scn sn3h *ccch d*c) h <0)+*h ulus Hugus us ;/c.s RN"BM% ). &7&% nb h 6E% sn *<nd h)bs <n 2bndul )h*c0sblbgsc *hds3sbnhl? >Hh* b )*cs b sc hhcc Sb Fuc bscn sc hhcc" ;>Kbh* c *c)cdc 2hcs cc 2hcs bsnc"E% cbnsc0nh dc Cb**chs. Sub b 2b*0+ cbn *hs+% G*hcs1n /h *cluh hccs )*b/c*b <n Br., B5.
<n *"hcs sc <nd*u0+ )*c3us*ch: hcclch s<n ss0)lc hccsdcn c% sgnb*h c shu dh c us +*ss% 4s d+snusc *cu4s h. Mhs dcg*hb+% ccch cc su c s"h 2+cu su c sc /h dcs2hcc% 4s sc ss)*+/c4 c *c)cdc% )cn *u c+ h 2bs *c)cdc ss)*+/s . Cu c< 0hs 2*hgc.s cb)sss s+s% cu h < 0hs lcsnc"s <nghs c Sh u*n% sh* ccch cc h*c dc du*h b /c4nscsc h*c dc .+bb/s <nc+ )c"h < h ch s+ sc 2hc+. Dh* dhc+ b*sc+*cs *cu4s c <s dh b*+0 )*c3us*c% s0)*b/s.h b*slb*% h)lhu.c: cs dublch.+ c0sncn3h )*sn )*b0) s udsnc 4s nb*bcs*c. Unss chsb.uscsc 0ul % ch s+ *h c.c 0hs h)bs b ul% sh* hl b*h lc *cu4c4 c b ul 2+*+ h 2s chsb.us <nhsn c. #sbscsunch 0sn3ss su)lsnc4 c )*b2un.s0ch Dudcc+3ss% sh* s)bn hncs h ch b sh <nhsn ch 0cds h3scs. Pcn *u cs nu cCss + <n <0)l+*s nc)*c/+.u c% 2ssndc+ 2sdcls h ch )*b0) s udsnss lb* 3snc lbc dc )*c/cdc*c. S)*sn cnss s<n 0+guls*s hlc bunulus gus % sh* s0)*b/s.h b*ss /*hD+ h us0s*ss% dc hccch s<n h < dc h)lhudhbsls? 0hs bsnc scs 0sDlbcsslc nc)*c0cds h c dcc< su)c*lh s/clc )*cg+ s c dsn s0). Nu s)unch 0ul % dc4s bsnc% ccl cc s)unch? >Ts0)ul 4s cu 0snc% c< <nc+ dbs: ls)sh dc s0) 4s cu 0snc% c< b*sc<3s." &&A Hs h dh s)us+% 4s 0hs /<* bs 2h) +. Csnc .scc s0) .scc b ? s2h ul% )*c/cdc*ch% 0b0cn ul )b *s/s % *+bdh*ch% bh c gh*hn3ss hlc *cu4s cs: dh* s0)*b/s.h3sh sc <nc*cdsn3ch.+ nu0hs )*b0) s udsnss 4s nb*bculus s+u. Du)+ cc )*c/cdc*ch )*c/snc% )*udcn3h hb +*+4 c 4s 0b0cn ul )b *s/s hDu +% sc <n <0)l+ ch *chls.h*ch s+ c4uc.c? dc /*c0c cc% dc unh ssngu*+% b )*b0) s udsnc <4s scbh c lh lu0sn+ *cu4s clc% s+"s h)lhud+0 nb*bcs*ch 4s cu*hDul: *bnc.c *cu4s h uncs hgc*s0s <n 2h3h c4cculus unus h*hss2h . Unss h *sbusc hccs c *cu4s c nu0hs nb*bculus% s"h* c+dch <ns+ 4s uncs )c*s)schcs +3s )*bdsgsbhsc. Dh b* nu sc *ccunbh4 c <ns+ hccs *clsc2 dc c*bs 2h3+ dc h* +: )cn *u b c *ccunbsc+ b* nh u*ss 4s nb*bculus. Nu <nch)c h* s2scsu c<nd 4s luh*ch"h0sn c hbsh c dc hDu b* u4u*sn3cs cbncc)c*ss% c<nd nu c lbc dc cugc h*c: sh* nb*bcul s)bn hncs +3ss% hcblb undc nu h 2bs s0) dc g<nds . Hu b*s h ch <s c dc hDu b* cbn *h s0)hsulus% 4s 2h*0ccul
cbn *h ulbu*+*ss% 4s hs 2cl% 2bh* c s +)<n+ )c ds2scul h c 4s )c ssnc% )*b0) s udsnch nu /snc% /cdc 4s <n/sngc% cs <n/sngc% 4s h)bs /cdc 4s /snc. <4s )unc /s/hcs h ch lh <ncc*ch*c <n cclc 0hs g*clc <0)*cDu*+*s% sh* sn clsgcn3h <s hc3sbnch.+ ch <n *"un cbncu*s. B hnhnghsc s)b*c4 c dc bbsccs% lh 2cl ch 4s b ds2scul h c% )c*s)schcs h ch. Unss%
&&A
Ts"pul 4s cu "snc, c*t *nc d!s...6 #c.s 0hs sus% Dssc., SSS% nb h B9. &'( DSSCCRNTBRUL CBNTRH KHNDBSCLSS &'B
cu c< 0hs <ncbl3s3s% cu h < *h3sbnch.+ 0hs sn cns 4s% sub )sn cnul cclus 0hs 0h*c .b*% .bbh*+: lh *ssc 0hs 0h*c% 0hs 0h*c dcscu*ch*c% c+cs cCss + 4s b hn s)c*ss h.+&&5 su)c*sbh*+% sh* sn cnss h ch s)b*c4 c sn clsgcn3h 4s% sub3ssnd 0sn ch% <ng*h4+ subs hn3shl )*udcn3h. C 2bh* c hdc/+*h c+ sc g+scsc 0bn4 *s hs ch)ulus% c+*b*h% s0)*b/s.<nd% lc *cu4c4 c b ul% dh* ch*c% )*c0cds <nd% *h ch.+ b ul. S<n unss c+*b*h ccch cc nu lc /snc <n 0sn c )c lbc nu lc 0hs /snc dclbc? nu c dc s)c*h <n h*hss2h % nscs dc h)clh lh 0hs <*.su. Sn 0sn c lc /snc <ns+ 0ul ? nh u*h )*c/+.+ bh*c h *ccb0)cnsh % cu )*b0) s udsnch c0sncn +% ls)sh cugc +*ss 4s% <n /s* u ch *h)sds +3ss% cs nu sc c0 dc )c*scblc. Hccs c s0)*b/s.h3ss% )c l<ng+ hd0s*h c% s<n 2bh* c u slc. Unh h 2bs dc hDuns s)*c h"& hc*cds h )c Sblb0bn d*c) ccl 0hs 0h*c <n3clc) 4s &"h 2+cu 0hs c0u dcc< b nb*bcul 4s )u c*ch lus. Pcn *u hl clc dbu+% HlcChnd*u 4s Cc.h* hu 0c*s h s+ 2sc )*s0ss n+scu3s hs 2hs0cs? cclcb*+ h 2bs h cclus dsn <s c<nd h +sh nbdul gb*dshn% 4s h)lhudhbsl+ h hccs ush% c<nd h c+.u &&8: h0<ndu*b*h dbu+ s0)*b/s.h3ss lc"hu hdus dbu+ )+*3s dc lu0c 4s hu 2bs cCh0cn hl ch)hcs +3ss lb* dc h c<*0us lu0ch. s dhc+ )*b0) s udsnch <n s)usc h 2bs <n b dchunh h)lhudhbsl+. cch <n 2h) c 0c*s + hclh0h3ss. Hgc*s0ch 2c*scs + <n c2cc db/cdc4 c hc s/s h c c0sncn + <n chu.+: <n cbncc) c% sub sls h c: <n *cu4s c% cu0sn3cnsc: c cu h < 0hs s s0hbsl+ c<nd 0c*gc dc lh hscu3s0c lh )*udcn3+% dc lh sngcnsb.s h c lh Dudcch +. Hcchs h c <n.cs *h*c dc c*bs% c+cs <s )*csu)unc 4s"s cbn2s*0+% db/cdc4 c 0h*s hd<ncs0s 4s nu 0hs 0scs <n+l3s0s hlc ch)hcs +3ss. Dcscb*s b *ccunbh4 c0 cu us0s*c 4s b cu0)+ns0 cu h)lhu.c lh hccl dcb)b *s/+ dc 0h*c c*bu 4s )h *bn hl nbs *u% cCcclcn sss0ul ducc dc Nbcc*h% dbn K*hncsscb M+*sh Ch**h2h? )*bdsgsbhscs shlc 3cs+ u*s dc <n.cs *+*s 4s ss)*+/s 0+*c3c sbh* h s"h )u u <n *"hdc/+* *c c.h 2s*ul% dh* 2+*+ s+ b )+ c.c cu lscbh*ch 2h hl+ h hcclb* s0)u*s. C*h 0hCs0+ hu b*s h ch cc"b h*+ h <n ch.u*slc cclc 0hs dss"
&&5
! hntspcrssth06 Dc lh g*. hntspcrssthsss, *c.ss cn3+ shu *chc3sc )*b/bch + dc b b)b.s3sc shu dc hc3sunch unus )*sncs)su shu h uncs chls +3s cbn *h*c. #c.s 4s Br., nb h &&8. "8... c*nd h c0ut6 S+*snd dsn bh*c+ )c cbhs h H2*scss dc Nb*d% Chcsh* h c+.u % dh* )*c.cn3h dc s)s*s &"h 2+cu s+"4s *hns2b*0c s <ng+csh <n *"b hc3sunc )*c0cds h +% s)un<nd? >Tcncb c H2*sch." G*hcs1n g+sc4 c hcchs + hnccdb + <n Suc b"nsus% Ccs d!ssprc0ccc cc0hrs, >Sulsus Chcsh*"% LS@. B /h *cluh <n Hsc, @T@.
)c*h c% chl0ul cu ch*c chsb.ush% dc.sn/bl u*h cu ch*c s+/<*4ch% dcghDh*ch cu ch*c <nhsn h% )*b0) s udsnch cu ch*c ns0c*ch: c<nd hl3ss d+dchu dsn u0c*s% cl <4s dcs2+cch b*h3clc. Nu cCss hu ch.u*s nc)*c/+.u c )cn *u h cn3sh lus% nscs cbn2u.ss <n /sbscsunch lus% sscussn3h 4s cu0sn3cnsh lu<ndu"s"sc lh <n *ccc*c 4s% chsh* dhc+ lh u*0+ s"h ls)ss nb*bcul% nu 4s 2hs0h&&'. Pcn *u gcnc*hls 4s b*h/s lu) + b*s hccs h c h/hn hDul ccl 0hs 0h*c% )c c< dc u*gcn % )c"h < dc subls0% )cn *u c+ h)*bh)c bh c hc3sunslc lb* s<n s0)*b/s.h3ss% Dh* *chls.+*slc hgc*s0s: )c*scblclc nu sc )b ducc hcblb gh h s udsh c% nscs <n <0)l+*slc )*c/cns c: *cbusc s+ luc*c.s du)+ )*slcD% <n hcchs h cbns <nd *su02ul uncs )*b0) s udsns *cu4s c 4s /sc b*sslc hsu)*h lus. Ch *cgs% s<n 0hs )b *s/s3s *c2lcCs/ss% )cn *u c+ bh c hc3sunslc lb* s<n c c*nc% g<ndcsc )*sn 0ul3s% sc 2blbscsc dc )*udcn3c hDu + bh*c% 4s )cn *u *cu4s h uns/c*shl+ c ncccsh* b ul. Hu s0) 4s )h undc s+ ls sc cbhc+ dccs.sslc% g<ndsnd nb)3s <n *cgs ch s+ ns0c*chsc+ .suh% 4s. <n cclc dsn u*0+% <4s cCc*cs + 0hs 0ul ch)ul dcc< 0<snslc.
H@#SP CBNTRH KHNDBSCLSS Shtsrsc!n

/Jbsc*/h3sc )cn *u 4 su b*s% dc4s )cn *u )*b4 s hh.% h 2bs )*cu0blh*ch lus Dsbgcnc &79 cu 2hclh h)*sns+ lh h0sh.+% s *ccu*<ndu"sc )*sn 0ul3s0ch ncnu0+*hbsl+ h uncs s *+.s. H dc/cns us0s*c c<nd% <n *cbh dc cc% *+s)unsc? >Chu bh0cns 4s db*csc s+ <n <lncsc unul% dh* nu"& g+scsc." >P+s hcc4 sh% <s *c)lsch*+ cs% nu s<n bh0cnsO" >Nu% *+s)unsc 2slb.b2ul% 2hndbscls dc bh0cns% dh: bh0cns hdc/+*h3s% nu." H4h cu0 cCss + <n.cs *+*s h)lhudhbslc% cCss + 4s dc2cc c 2bh* c )*bc0sncn c 4s% dhc+ hcclch dbb<ndcsc s s0h cclb* hlc4s% hccs ch
&
"... nu 4s khs"h6 Tb hccs )hshD clbgsbs lh hd*csh ducclus dc Nbcc*h db/cdc4 c sndc)cndcn3h = )*udcn + = dc b)snsc h lus G*hcs1n% ch*c lhud+ )c ccl cc 2uscsc ucss ch *+d+ b* hl 0bnh*hscs. &79 prcu"!lhrch lus Ds!#cnc6 G*hcs1n /h *cluh hcchs + hnccdb + <n Hsc, #"SS9 4s <n Crst., SS9 B. Su*sh c Dsbgcnc Lhc* sbs% !p. csL, #S% (&% cd. cs .% ). 69A. &'A DSSCCRNTBRUL
dss)*c3ul uns/c*shl. Ccl dc 2h3+ c dsn *c cclc 0hs *c0h*chbslc 4s cu hdc/+*h 2hs0bs% 2sc )*sn ssnc% 2sc )*sn sn4ss lh ch*c <l g+sc4 s: cl c h < dc /h*sh % <nc< c hnhlbg% sh* cs h <3sh% <nc< nu )b 2s s)ccs2sch3s. S<n 0ul c 3sn clc *<sulus% sh* hccsh% 2+c<nd )h*hd+% 3sn 0b*3s4 s+ 2sc 4s cs unh% <nc< % )cn *u h sc ds2c*cn3sh dc ccslhl3s bh0cns% u*0ch.+ b ssngulh*s h c cC *h/hghn + 4s b *cs)cc + <n b ul. S<n unss db0ns ch*c h* 4s )l+ s ch
s+ )bh + /b*bs cu cch2h% s)*c h nu /b*bs% lh 2cl cu ccslhl3s% cu gu*h 4s. <n *uc< nu c cu )u sn3+% <4s )*c2hc glhsul% ss0ulch.+ bnul c02h sc% sn/cn ch.+ cC)*csss 4s 2blbscsc scu*s /c*bhlc ncs)us dc hh.lss% ch s+ 2sc <n bh c 2clu*slc cC *hb*dsnh*s. Mhs )*csus dc b*scc% <4s 0h* s*s.ch.+ gus ul% scb"3<ndu"4s"& dsn 3<3<ns: c lh 2cl cu hl cclb*lhl3s bh0cns 4s chsh* cu hl hns0hlclb*% dh* cs /b* s+ 4s"& dc.0sn + cu /sblcn3c dc b*sgsnhls h c% ch*c s<n 0hs 0ul )cdch)s+ )cn *u h2cc h*c dcc< <n+l3+*s hlc 0+*c3scs lb*. H* bch lc4sc uncb*s 4s h* l+udh"b ch )c ncc h*: lh gcnc*bsul *cgc hl lscb*slb* *cnun3+ )cn *u h)c 2hn c.ss c cc"3s lhs+ s. dc 0u*sc% sh* cs lc bb ch.+ h0b*b.sc% 4s s<n )c h < dc )lsns dc *+su2l+ u*+% )c c< dc gbs dc gcnc*b.s h c. Sn 2clul hccs h n+scbccsc .slnsc hl c luc*u*s ch s+"4s <0)sng+ 4s 0hs dc)h* c b*sgsnhls h ch% ccch cc lc 4s s.bu c4 c. <n *"hdc/+*% dcbh*ccc% cu0 0hDb*s h ch bh0cnslb* nu g+scsc <n hsc0cnch luc*u*s gus ul hdc/+*h 4s bun+ h ch *chl+ )*bsl+/s c dc cl% nscs nu )b2 csc lh clc% 4s cs *+0<n cu )*b)*sh lb* cC *h/hghn3+% chsh* dhc+ hl3ss b nu0csc s0)c* sncn3+. Cu hccch4s 0+su*+ shu h < dc ls)ss3s dc ch% sc cb0)b* + 4s <n *cs . Dc4s ncccss h ch% bh chsh* gus ul uncb*s% lc dc.0sn c ch)*scsul% b*sc< s"h* s *+dus cs s"b hscund+. Lc )lhcc unh 4s lhud+ hl h% cu0 s s"h <n <0)lh unus 0h*c bc*b s b* hl hccs cs scc c h cCcc)3sslb* 4s ch*c% b<nd dsn *"un /sn *c.s % nu s"h )u u s +)<ns 4s h cCclh0h % .sc<nd? >B% 0ul )*c3sbs ncc h* cc dhs gh h bhlsh0u*s 4s lschsb*u*s% )+ch c+ c4 s h < dc /ulgh*: hs 2s un sdbl hl )*sn3slb*% dhc+ c"h* bch nu0hs csQ" Dc )b0sn+ cs c c+% <n /scsslc /ulgh*c% cs nu sc *u4snch.+ c+ sch0+n+% nu .sc cu ccs 0hs Dbsnscs bh0cns% cs cu <nsc4s hns0hlclc% sh* <n luc*u*s b0cnc4 s /b* s+ ss0ulc.c <nsu4s*s du0nc.csc4 s. Cu 2h) clc c*bscc b*sgsnhls h ch cbnsun+ bsnc% 4s ns0sc nu h *hgc 0hs 0ul + /cnc*h3sc dcc< ss)*+/slc 0+*c3c. <n <n+l3s0ch s)s*s ulus 4s <n g<ndu*slc <nhl c cbns + g*hndbh*ch. Nu cCss + nbblc3c ch hccch h sns0ss% ch*c nscsbdh + nu chdc <n Dbsnscsc. #s*"
CBNTRH KHNDBSCLSS &'5
u ch c *+s+ u*+ h c*bscs +3ss% cu ch*c ds2c*cn3h cbnsun+ 2bh* c bsnc. Su/c*hnss *cbusc s+"4s duc+ /sh3h cu h h*c s *+lucs*c dc <n.cs *+*s% cu hsc0cnch s)lcndbh*c dc /s* u3s% <nc< % dhc+ s clclc dsn cc*% )+*+ssndu"4s s2c*clc cclcs c% h* cbbb*< s+ lbcushsc+ )*sn *c nbs% nu h* *+s hl 0sn c*s dcc< cs &7&. Lh cc 2blbs 0s*cs0clc dc h0b*+% dhc+ duhbh*ch 0b*h/u*slb* lc dc.0sn cO T*u)ul 4s"& )b <0b+ls+0h c< /b*% dh* nu s0b* hls.h su2lc ul. Nu c 0s*bs ch hcclh hl bunulus nu0c% nscs 0s*chs0+ ch hccch h 2hs0cs% ch*c sc ss0 c dc lh 0h*c dss hn3+. <s *ccbn2b* ch.+ )c h cn3s 4s lhs+ )*sn ch *ul lu0ss d<*+ dc h)lhu.c% d+snusnd /chcu*s <n *cgs. Dh* h4h cu0 hcchs + ncsu2c*s + h2cc h*c% )c ch*c b3s cu0sn3ss b 2lusc*+% )c unss <s 2hcc dc cs hbsls 4s chsh* snhbb*dhbsls% b h4h )c hl3ss <s 2hcc b*sgsnhls 2h) ul c+ nu /b* s+ 2sc 4s <nc+ 4s 0hs )u3sn s+ )h*+ hs 2cl. Hccs 2cl dc /sh3+ cbn2b*0 )*hc scss% b hcb0bdh*c cu bbs4nus ul% b <0bsnh*c h g*h/s +3ss cu b0cncscul l"hu 2+cu h < dc h)lhudhbsl )c cCcclcn sss0ul cbn c dc Hguslh* 4s 0h*chs. dc lh HsnbDbsh% hl dbslch 0cccnh hl nb.s *u&77. Sc hdh) h u u*b*h% 4s hs 2cl c*h subs dc b3s% <nc< )<n+ 4s du40hnss l"hu h)lhudh /su 4s l"hu )l<ns 0b* . S"h0 hu.s )c 0ul3s 4s 2bh* c cu0sn3s s)un<nd dcs)*c cl? >Hccs h 4 sc cu hdc/+*h s+ 2sc db0n 2+*+ 2hndbscls"% /b*b+ /*cdnsc+ dc un c*bu h < dc 0h*c.
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202
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>.Tbh* c /ulgh* h chsb.us Mb0bs&6' c<nd h db*s 2c*cs *usch dsn )sc) ul b0ulus: n"h 2bs c*s sc+% cs b*bs*c% dcbh*ccc h* 2s *cbus s+ sh sch0h c+ clh*/+.+ b*ss sns0slb*% 4s <n *"hdc/+* cCss + hsc0cnch sn4s% n"hu nc/bsc nscs 0+ch* dc c*+)+ u*s s)*c h )+ *undc % <n ccl 0hs +snus sn c*sb*. Dc )*ssbs h* 2s gch0l<cul s *+/c.su % )cn *u csnc/h ch*c )*s/c4 c cu bchclh*s dc /cdc*c hscu3s +% sh* b bun+ cugc h*c )*b)*sc cs c chcsh uns/c*shl+ h sns0ss ccluslhl . B+*bh ul Dudscsbs 4s )+ *un.+ b* ;s<n )u3sns% 4s dc hccch 4s 0hs ssngulh*sE sc 2hcc nu0hsdcc< s +)<n )c b*scc subscc 4s bbscc % H*gus hl h cn3scs 4s lsnC hl <n3clcgc*ss. Sbndch.+ h cn s *+2undu*slc cclcs 0hs 0h*s hd<ncs0s% cc*cc ch.+ )*cchu s<nu*slc cclcs 0hs 2+3h*nscc dsss0ul+*s 4s 0+sbh*+ Dudscsbs l+*gs0slc b*sc+*cs ch)hcs +3s. Hs 2cl% )*bs scs nu"s 0hs cs c dc 2blbs hl h*ul +cc*ss% nscs 2+3+*nscscs hlbch3h 0b*0<n ulus&(9. Cl dcscb)c*+% bbsc*/+% sh <n "6 sch0+% )*scc)c 4s cu)*sndc b ul% dc2snsnd 2scch*c luc*u )*sn cscn3h % lus. B*sch*c 0h*c b0 h 2bs Dudscsbs% du)+ cu0 4s b*sch*c Dudscsbs h 2bs 0h*c? c+cs *clsc2u*s <n <ns+4s su)c*sb*s h ch dc b0 )*scc)u % s<n cul0s hlc cugc ulus. C bsnc s+ 2ss 4 su b*% dh* nu c dc hDuns% *cbusc s+ 2ss Dudscsbs: un c*s sc c0sncn /hlb*ch.+ 0hs <n <s )*sn cl <nsu4s% sh* h)bs d+ /hlbh*c 2scc+*us luc*u% chls2sc+ bbscc clc 4s sc*h*hs.ch.+ subscc clc: nu hd0s*+ b ul% nscs nu dss)*c3usc4 c b ul: <4s h*h +% dh% )*c3us*ch )cn *u 2scch*c luc*u. Khcc nu0hsdcc< dcbscbs*c <n *c *chls +3s 4s h)h*cn3c? c+cs bunh ch)hcs h c *cbusc s+ )un+ ch <ns+4s s +)<ns*c hsu)*h bbscc clb*% nu bbscc clc hsu)*h cs% h < <n cunbh4 c*c% c< 4s <n /*c*c. CCss + clh*/+.+ b*s hs <n3clcgc*ss% ch*c )*s/csc luc*u*slc )c dsn+un *u% nu sc b)*csc lh su)*h2h3h /ulgh*+% nu sc 0ul3u0csc cu cC c*sb*s h ch
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B" 7udscs!s 4s ptrun0t!r6 #c.s% Br., ('% cu s lu sdcn sc. M!"!s6 #c.s 0hs sus% Cr., nb h (9. &(9 hl!chh "!r"*ntulus6 #c.s Mht., 76% 75? >#hs /bu+% c+* u*h*s 4s 2h*sscs 2+3h*nscsQ C+ /+ hsc0+nh3s cu 0b*0sn clc cclc /+*us c% ch*c )c dsn h2h*+ sc h*h + 2*u0bhsc% <n+un *u <ns+ s<n )lsnc dc bhsc dc 0b*3s 4s dc bh + nccu*+3sh". BM JUDSCSBS S PTRUNZTBR 79'
4s nscs nu s<n sh ss2+cu3s dc b cc s *+lucc4 c: dss)b.s3sh c*s sc+ lc sc*/c4 c d*c) c hlbn% )cn *u h dcbscbs 2hlsul dc hdc/+*. S<n 0h*s dcscs2*h b*s hs sn cn3sslb* 4s scb)u*slb*% )u* <nd 0c*cu hsu)*+"lc cbn *hcs2*ul Dudscsbs. Cu )u3snc /sc b*ss hsu)*h lb* s"h l+udh h0+gs*ch% sh* sgnb*hn3h cu 4s 0hs )u3snc. Hcchs + c0sncn3+ &"h 2+cu )c Thcs h < dc h)lhudhbsl <n *u )h* sculh*% sh* )c Scncch dc /cnc*h <n *u gcnc*hl. Nu cCss + <n.cs *h*c 0hs b)us+ /ulgh*s +3ss: ch ssngu*+ c su2scscn + )cn *u h"3s c*ch *c)u h3sc dc dsscc*n+ b*. #ulgul% dc4s 0c*cu *+u +csbs% nu c 4s Dudscsbs 4s% cu bh c c+ s)unc b ul% nu <n3clcgc b ul: *h*cb*s dsscc*nc <n *c h)h*cn 4s hdc/+*h : nc4 ssn3h c 2bh* c cb0un+% sh* g*c4chlh 2bh* c )lcbcc. Nu 0u4c+ nscsbdh + dcc< cbhDh% 4s% hs 2cl% bch 4s <nghs c b*scc% 2+*+ ssl+ dc 0sncsun+. Cc /*cdnsc dc /+.u c unul dsn *c hcc4 s ccn.b*s hs /hlb*ss 4s dcscb)c*s b*s hs ch)hcs +3ss% cu0 0hs lu) + s+ )*snd+ un subscc Q Dh* cc s+ s)unc0 c<nd dbs Dudscsb4s% unul )c ccl+lhl sc h hc+ dcb)b *s/+% cu h*0c cghlc <n h cn3sc 4s bbsc*/h*c% 2scch*c db*snd s+ su*)*snd+ ch)hcs h ch ccluslhl % cu c< + dsb+csc sc lb/csc% cc )*ccs.sc <n )hl)+*s. cc su)*h/cghc*c h cu/<n ulusQ Ghsccsc cugc ul% sbndch.+ h2cc clc% c<ns+*csc )*udcn3h. Nu sc 0ul3u0csc cu b *cu4s + shu dbu+. c+cs s"h* )u ch s+ 2sc dbh* nb*bc% nscs cu dbu+ /b*bc bunc% c+cs s"h* )u ch s+ 2sc h0sn s*c. H4h 2hc cs hnh b0sh cugc ulus% cCh0cnul cu)*sndc*ss% cc*cc <nd 4s cu0)+nsnd h < *h3sbnh0cn clc% c< 4s h2cc clc% c+cs dsn cCcclh*ch h0<ndu*b*h sc <n *cgc4 c b ch)hcs h c su)c*sbh*+. Nu c 4bs0 ch*c s+ sc *b chsc+ 0hs <ndclung hsu)*h )*+.ss% nscs H*gus ch*c s+ dcschsd+ 0hs 0ul3s bchs% )*ccu0 cs% h cn3ss% lh sn cn3sh s *+sn+: h4h <nc< 2hc hnh b0sh unus sns )<n+ <n *+*unchs 4s )c lbc <l dc2sncsc du)+ )*b)*sc +3s 4s cscn3+. Cs c b 0h*c )l+cc*c s+ c <n <lnc4 s cu unul ch cs 4s s+"& c<4 sgs% c+cs nu0hs /s* u ch )*sc cnscs <3s <ng+dusc hcccs lh ss03s*ch lb*: sc 2c*csc? )c c< s<n dc )*b0)3s s+ c*s scc% )c"h < h s<n dc *c sccn3s s"b s)un+: *cs)cc + 2+*+ hbh c*c cchlhl + 0h*c s *h hgc0+ dc h g<nds cu ccs )u3sns 4s h /b*bs cu ccs 0ul3s&(&? dh* c<nd% <n ssgu*hn3h )*sc cnscs 4s lh hd+)bs ul <nc*cdc*ss% <4s dcsch*c+ g<ndul% b% c< c <n/h3+% b% c< c lu0snch.+Q G+scsc ch cgb*sh )b *s/s + 2scc+*ush% )unc ul nc/*hlgsc hl 2scc+*cs hc3suns% )*c3us*ch 2scc+*cs s)usc% chls"
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DSSCCRNTBRUL BM JUDSCSBS S PTRUNZTBR 7&&
2sch*ch 2scc+*us 2h) % hdc/+*ul 2scc+*cs <ncc*c+*s. C dc hd0s*h lh cs 2sc 2b*Dh c*s sc+ ncbbs4nus +% 2sc bbsc*/h*ch )*b2und+% <ncbndcsc*ch sub sl+% c*s sch Dudscsbhs+% cbncc)3sh <nd*+.nch3+% dsscu*sul )*udcn % 0ul ul cc lc *ccc )*sn ch) 4s )u3snul cc lc scsc )c gu*+. Dc c*s sch lb* *c0u*+ cch 0hs ssgu*+ c0sncn3+ 4s *cnun3+ lh 0ul3u0s*ch dc ssnc% )cn *u c+ lc cunbh4 c *sgbh*ch Dudcc+3ss ns0c*s c% ch*c cs c c*cu.c ul h2cc3sunss: dh* <n.cs *h*ch cc c<4 sg+ h)*bbh*ch c hlbnulus lb* )bh c *ccc 4s s *+lucs b*sundc. R+0<nc )c dc)lsn chls2sch +% 0hs 0ul ch dc bh + )*c3us*ch /ulgh*+% ch*c% chsh* dhc+ c cC sns+% nu c ssgu*+% 3snc uncb*s 0hs 0ul dc .gb0b dcc< dc h)lhu.c% 4s hs 2cl% nc)u <ndu"sc 0cn3snc <n c*cds ul dsn <s% sdblss )ublsculus schd 0ul % 2ssndc+ nu s"hu bs.us )c c0clsh sn cg*s +3ss subs hn3shlc. Mhs 0ul 2hcc un dh *bs s dc Dudcch h <nd*+.nch3+ h unush dsn *c hcc4 sh dcc< bh + hclh0h3sh uncs 0ul3s0s? c+cs nu 2+*+ *bs <l nu0ch Plh bn )c H*ss b cl <n *chgh sh 4cbhl+% sh* Hn sgbnbs&(7 )c Zcnbn b ch *ul 2hs0cs shlc. Hccs )*ch/*cdnsc *clsc2 cc*c% shu )*csu)unc 0ul c hl clc dsn s2c*h sh? cu)*sndc*ch% c*uds3sh% *sgbh*ch% )*b2un.s0ch: 4s% dhc+ )c unclc lc )*csu)unc% )c hl clc lc bs<ndc4 c% )*ccu0 u4u*sn3h <n c*c.h*c% cC *h/hghn3h <n cbncc)3sc% ch)*scsul <n cu/0 h*c? b ul *cbusc s+ 2sc succcs 4s sn cg*s h c. S+ lu+0 <ns+ h0sn c c+ ccn.u*h*ch c 2bh* c dc)h* c dc 0u*"0u*h*c% )cn *u c+ hccch /+dc4 c nc)+* sns*c% sh* hcchs h )*cdss)b.s3sc lh *+u h c. Un ccn.b* h b sn cg*u% h4h cu0 )*bsl+/c4 c bsnclc% b h4h cbndh0n+ 4s *+ul% cu bh + cchs h ch nc)+* sns*ss. H2b*ss0ul hccs h nu *ccb0hnd+ ch Dudscsbsul s+ 2sc c<*cb h4% cs )*scc)u % nu s+ cbndh0nc b ul% c+cs h* 2s b dc cs hbsl+ s0b"dc*h3sc <n Dudcch +% nccu0 s+ h)lhudc b ul% c+cs h* 2s )cdhn c*sc. S<n unss ch*c dhu nu0hsdcc< dc *+u <n b*scc luc*u% bh chsh* <l s)scuscsc dsn 0ul ul bsnc: .+0sslcsc ch /s)c*clc &(6 4s )lcsncsc
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Hnts#!n!s6 Hn sgbnbs SS Gbnh hs% *cgc hl Mhccdbnscs ;75A"76' <.C*.E% hd0s*h b* hl lus Zcnbn% 2bndh b*ul s bscss0ulus% /c.s Dsbgcncs Lhc* sbs% !p. cst., #SS% A"' 4s &B? >Sc )b/cs c4 c c+ du)+ 0bh* ch lus Zcnbn% Hn sgbnbs h* 2s s)us? LCc s)cc hcbl h0 )sc*du QM" ;cd. cs % ). 666E. #ch 4s Br., 78&"( 4s 78&"B. &(6 0"sslcsc ch spcrclc6 Du)+ b *hds3sc cbnsc0nh + dc Plsnsus ccl B+ *<n $Nht. hsst, &9%A7E% /s)c*clc h* cbncc)c )c gu*+ 4s% s0cdsh du)+ hc ul gcnc.sc% h* *c c.h ch)ul 0hscululus ch*c lc"h 2ccundh : )uss dc /s)c*+ cbncc)u3s% h2lh3s <n nu0+* 0h*c <n )<n ccclc 0h0cs% n"h* 0hs h/ch *+bdh*c s+ h4 c) c sb*bcul sc4s*ss% cs s"h* s)sn cch )sc) ul ch s+ sc clsbc*c.c 0hs dcg*hb+.
lh nh4 c*c? )cdch)s+ )b *s/s + )cn *u c*u.s0ch 0sn3ss lb*. Unh c s+ 2ss Mb0bs dc )*bs gus % dcbh*ccc sc h*+nc4 c dsn )u *c.scsunc: hl cc/h c un )*chsn cg*u Ch b% ncs)us dc hlcs subs b* hl cchs +3ss. Bh0cnss hcc4 s s<n ch ns4 c b*hcblc Dudscsbhsc hlc hdc/+*ulus% Dudcc+ b*s nc)+ s0h4s hs 0c*s clb*% dh* s.blh3s 4s nch)*b)s"sndu"sc dcc< dc hl3s dsscc*n+ b*s% )cn *u c+ hdc/+*ul nu )bh c 2s <nc*cdsn3h nscs *+u +3ss% nscs sgnb*hn3cs% hccch 2ssnd )<*< bh*c% sh* hcchs h snch)hbsl+. C<nd <ns+ )*sn *"un su)*c0 nb*bc sc <n <lncsc dbs dsn *"hcc4 sh 4s <4s <0)+* +4csc )+*c*s% c*s scs% *h3sbnh0cn c 4s cunb4 sn3c% sc cu/snc ch un hsc0cnch c/cns0cn s+ 2sc <nsc0nh cu b )sh *+ )*c3sbhs+ 4s <nchsnh Mu.clb*% G*h3sslb* 4s Msnc*/cs. Hcchs + dsscc*nc*c nscs nu c dbh* s)cculh s/+% cs 2bh* c )*hc sc+% <n s)ccshl <n ch.ul cclb* h2lh3s lh c<*0us*c% )cn *u c+ lh lu0snh cs dcscb)c*+ hlcn clc )cn *u sluDbc% sbndch.+ ch)hcs +3slc )cn *u dss *sbus*c% 0+sbh*+ )u c*slc 2scc+*ush )cn *u )*b2cssc 4s c<n +*csc 0c*s clc )cn *u *+s)lh +% shu )ulsul 2s*slb* 4s sngcnsb.s +3slb*% unclc ch s+ 2sc dc)h* c% hl clc h)*bh)c% 4s dss)un b ul% 2ssndc+ <n3clcg b ul. Hlcg cu h* +% nu lh <n <0)lh*c: dcscb)c*+ nu0hsdcc< *clsc2u*slc 4s dc2cc clc 2scc+*us sns% c0sncn3h shu 0cdsbc*s h ch% ccch cc h* )u ch 2s 0hs 0ul 4s ccch cc 0hs )u3sn. Nu <nch)c hscs )sbhsh h2cc3sunc% c+cs 0hs <n <s c hdcc/h*ch: nu )h s0h% nscs h0+gs*ch. cclc dbu+ /cs s c s <ncs hscunsc hlc *cu4s clb*% c+cs dhc+ hcchs h <nsch0n+ h c h0+gs% hccch <nsch0n+ h /bs s+ c h0+gc4 s. Tb dchunh )*chsn cg*s Dudcc+ b*s hs *h3sunss% ch*c 2+*+ bchs /+d 0hs 0ul % 4s 2+*+ 0<sns h sng 4s )s)+sc b ul. Mh*c 2c*scs*c c lsbc* h ch dc Dudcch +% )c ch*c n"b s*hnsscsc nscs sgnb*hn3h bb4 chsc+% nscs sl+bscsunch s)ccshl+: bh + c h hdc/+*ulus% dc4s uncb*s% )cn *u ssgu*hn3+ 4s d*hgbs c% /*ch s+"& hd+)bs chsc+ <n hl h*ul sn s0s +3ss shlc% )+s *<ndu"s hsnh )cn *u ch. Pc l<ng+ 2h) ul c+ c dcs2+ + bh*c% c+cs <n *"hdc/+* h4h cs c hcchs + 0h*c cu)*sndc*c h luc*u*slb*% 4s <nc+ 0hs 0ul h sn4slb* h ch.u*slb* 4s chu.clb*% h c2cc clb* 4s h2cc clb*% c 4s 2blbss bh*c. Cch 0hs dc sch0+ <ndclc nscs*c 4s chsh* g*sD+ h cs cs c s+ dss"cch*n+ <n *c dsscc*n+ b*s 4s )*b4 s% ssngulh*s 4s /ulgh*s% )cn *u hlcgc*ch sn s0slb*: c+cs h4h cu0 cch 0hs bun+ s *h hgc0+ lh Dbcul dc c+*3s c h 4 s s+ schs0bs c+*3slc% b h4h cch 0hs 0h*c *cgul+ h /sc3ss c h 4 s s+ *cnun3s."
212 DSSCCRNTBRUL
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H@@P CBNTRH HKCRRSS Shtsr

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4s s+ )*c/hd+ bh c *c0cdsslc: <n 2clul hccs h *h*cb*s dslsgcn h sc su)*h)unc sn clsgcn3cs. Pcn *u ccs cc c<*0uscsc c dc db*s sn clsgcn3h% sh* dslsgcn h )cn *u ccs cc lu) +% 4s dhc+ sc <n *uncsc h0<ndbu+% 2hc un )*bdsgsu. Cch 0hs 0h*c hgc*s0c h 2bs % lh HlcChnd*u% 0h0+ h cclus 0hs 0h*c nb*bc. >Cucc*csc b ul% .scch cl <nsu4s% ncl+s<nd ns0sc )cn *u 0<snc": cc"h* 2s 2+cu bh*c )cn *u lh hnulO Sh* Cc.h*% ccl+lhl )*b b s) dc c*bs% s)unch c+ ss)*+/slc shlc snc*cdsbslc 4s lc <n2+) ussc 0hs dcg*hb+ dcc< lc cu0)+nssc% 2sc )cn *u ch 0+*c3sh lb* s+ nu"& s)c*sc% 2sc )cn *u ch nscs 0+ch* g<ndul lh clc s+ nu"& b)*chsc+: 0h*c /b*b+ h lus hccl >hhsdc0Q"% 4s nscsbdh + >hhsdc3sQ". C dc hDuns hgc*s0ch ch s+"& 2hc+ )c lcu *cgc hl hns0hlclb*% c+cs% dc4s 0ul c dsn *c clc <l <n *cc% unclc <n h*0c% hl clc <n 0+*s0c% 4s hl clc <n )u c*s% cl lc bs*usc )c bh c )*sn hgc*s0c. Hccs h c hccl cCccs cC *c0 )c ch*c"& 0cn3sn <n *c cs cu*hDb4ss s)hnsbls 4s bclscb4ss 2*hncc.s% cc*ul cchslsb*<nd cb0)c s3sh% cbn *h"bhlhns<nd )*udcn3h s)hnsbl+ cu hgc*s0ch 2*hncc.+. H b)us <ncc snchlh hcclb*h 2u*scs hccs b*h? ccch cc"s ls)sc4 c ch )*b0) s udsnc% s)hnsblul su)lsnc4 c cu s2h ul: 4s% ds0)b *s/+% c0c*s h ch 2*hncc.ulus c lcs hl dslsgcn cs shlc snc*cdsbslc. Hs 2cl% s<n cbn2undh c /sc b*sslc 4s )h*hlclc succcsclc% du)+ <0)*cDu*+*s 4s /*c0u*s. Cc.h* h luh )ulsul h0bclb* nh3ss% )c unh h <n/sns"b )*c/+.<nd% sh* )c cchlhl +% h4 c) <nd. H0<ndu*b*h lc"h* )u ch *ccb0hndh 0h*clc Hugus us /b*bh sh kcstsnh lcntc ch dc/s.+ 4s h* bb3snc b 0sDlbcsc 2bh* c ns0c*s +. Bsnclc h*c 0ul3s hd/c*sh*s% 2ssndc+ c *h*% 4s *clclc 0ul c: )cn *u *+u c dc hDu b* b ul. D*u0ul hdc/+*ulus 4s hl succcsulus c unsc 4s hnc/bsbs: )cn *u )sc*.hnsc% c lung /chcul 4s scu* lchcul. <0)b *s/h cu/ssn3cs% bh c luc*u*slc sc cbnDu*+% <0)*cDu*+*slc sc hg*h/ch.+? lbcul ls)sc4 c% 0b0cn ul )*sclnsc 0sn c 4s bh c )un bc3c"n *bh c: dh* sn clsgcn3h 4s dslsgcn h scs dsn bh c <n/sng+ bh*c.
DCSPRC MBD S PLHC 7&'
H@@SSP DCSPRC MBD S PLHC Sc*ssbh*c ctrc d!ct!rul d!n Bhrt!l!"c dc M!rlhncs%+%, chpclhn hl rc#clus, stp*nulus n!stru, *n sk*nth !sscrsc h Mhscss D!"nulus Sprs7snst!hrch dsn <hrh#!0h
J cn *u hccs 0h*c )*ccc) % d*hg+ db0nulc% h 0c*s h Clcbbul&B8% s+ 2sc ccl dsn <s dsn *c <n3clc)3s: /h 2s% h4hdh*% ccl dsn <s dsn *c )*ccc) c. Dh* dhc+ nu0hs )*b)b/+dus*ch lus c dc hDuns s+ dch *cnu0c dc <n3clc) % 4s <nc+ )*s0ul% cc /h *+0<nc )cn *u csnc"& *cs)cc +O C+cs h 4 s luc*u*slc 4s h nu lc h)lsch nu <nsch0n+ c+ c4 s 2slb.b2% cs g*+0+ sc. <n luc*u*s s<n lh 2cl dc ncccsh*c cs*cu0s hn3h 4s subs hn3h&B': cs 0hs <n <s nc s.bs0 nu dc cscn3clc% cs dc h)h*cn3clc luc*u*slb*: )*sn cC c*sb* hDungc0 lh cunbh4 c*ch sn c*sb*ulus% sh* )*sn cbhDh 2*cc/cn +*ss cC *hgc0 *bdul ch)hcs +3ss? c+cs 4s )c b )c*sbhn+ nccunbscu + b du)+ cb0)b* h*c b Dudcc+0. Mbdul c unh dsn <n.cs *+*slc 0c*s ulus% 4s ch sc b2c*+ h cn3scs? sc )bh c dbb<nds% d*c) ch*c ls)sh lus c dc ncsc* h ? dc4s lh unss <4s h*c bb<*4sh <n nh u*h bun+% <n *cgs*ch s"b d+ dsb+csh: lh hl3ss% c nu0hs hl h* cs? g*sDh hccs csh )bh c <nlbcus us +*slc hcclush% bh chsh* lc )bh c <0bun+ +3s: c<nd sc uncsc <ns+ 2b*0ch.+ un sns )l+cu % cu cghl+ <nlcsns*c 4s 2c*scs*c. Sc nu0+*+ dc hsc0cnch )*sn *c 2*u0usc3slc su)c*sbh*c u u*b* hc3sunslb* 4s 2unc3sslb*. Pu c*nsc c hdc/+*ul% /hDnsc+ *h3sunch% dh*%
&B5 &B8
Bhrt!l!"c dc M!rlhncs6 C*uds dsn Zh*hgb.h% ch)clhn% cds b* 4s cb0cn h b* dc hu b*s clhsscs. Clc!!ul6 Unul dsn ccs 4h) c <n3clc)3s hs G*ccscs% hc s/ )c lh Du0+ h ch scc. hl #l"lch <. C*.% )*s0ul dsn chnbnul *c)*bdus dc Dscgb Lb)c. <n Dcclhrhcs!n "h#sstrhl dc lhs c"!lc"hs dc Hlcsht!. P*ccc) ul dc ch*c /b*bc4 c G*hcs1n cs c >M+su*h c luc*ul ccl 0hs bun"% /c.s Dsbgcncs Lhc* sbs% !p. cst.., S% #S% '6% cd. cs .% ). &(6. <n cC % "!d! dcsc0nch.+ h < 2clul hdcc/h dc h 2hcc cc/h% c< 4s 0+su*h <n hc3sunc. P+s *+0 c*0cnul "!d dh b*s + 0hs 0h*ss shlc gcnc*hls +3s cbncc) uhlc. #c.s 4s Br., 6': Crst., S% B% undc h0 *hdus "!d! )*sn "sur. &B' ckcu"sthnGh 4s su!sthnh6 Cs c /b*bh dc >*chls h c" 4s >0bd"% hdsc+ cChc s lul Br., &(. 220 DSSCCRNTBRUL
2+*+ un 0bd cbn/cnhbsl% b ul sc dssc*cds ch.+% du)+ cu0% cu cl% b ul )*bs)c*+. Su)lsnc4 c b*scc cusu*% chsh* 4s )c cclc hlc *h3sunss% )blcsc4 c g*c4clslc% 2h*dch.+ u*<3cnsslc% dc.0sn c *cs *s4 slc 4s hscundc b ul. C< c ss uh3ss sc*sbhsc 4s s0)b* hn c nu s"hu )*+)+ds dsn )*scsnh unus 0bd *+u 4s c< c hl clc% bs<nds c 2+*+ n+dcDdc% nu s"hu <nd*c) h 4s <0)lsns dh b*s + cclus bunQ Nu lc s<n dc hDuns 0h*clc .cl unus 0snss *u% cu*hDul unus cbnduc+ b* dc h*0h c% 4 ssn3h unus dbc % )u c*ch unus su/c*hn% dhc+ b ul nu c <nsb3s dc hcchs + 2bh* c s0)b* hn + cbnds3sc. Cs c )bdbhb+ )bls sc+ h scc) *clb*% s0hl3 hl cb*bhnclb*% <n nscs b hl + sluDb+ nu c 0hs u*gcn + ch <n cbnducc*c. <ndh b*ch.+ 0ul ? su)c*sb*ss 0hs 0ul bb3sn b0cnb4s dcc< dcs)b scs. H /cdch lh un su/c*hn c+% *cnun3<nd lh su)c*sb*s h c% sc bs.usc )c b0cnsc% <ndh b*ch.+ dc dbu+ b*s 0hs 0ul : 0hs <n <s *cbusc s+ db0nc4 s hsu)*h /bsn3clb*% hbsh h)bs hsu)*h )bssbsls +3ss. <4s h *hgc ss0)h sh bh0cnslb* &A9% 4s chsh* h)lhu.clc% dhc+ nu )*sn nh u*+% )*sn h* +? csnc hd0s*+ 2h) ul hccs h nu sc <n *chb+ dhc+ c nh u*hl shu )*bdus hl h* cs% sc bucu*+ dc cl cu hclh0h3ss. Cs c )c c< dc u sl% )c"h < dc bsnc /cns . S<n luc*u*s ch*c% <n ssnc% /hlb*ch.+ )u3sn% dh* s<n )*c3us c du)+ 0bdul lb*. Hccs h h )u u <nnbs *ccu ul% &"h hDu h s+ *c/sn+ 4s chsh* s+ hsb+ c+u h*c. Dhc+ cs*cu0s hn3clc s<n 0hs cu*<nd )*hc scc% clc dc.0sn bbbschlh <n/cchs*ss. Gus ul 0c*gc b dchunh <nhsn c% nscsbdh + nu 2hcc chlc" n bh*s+% nu sc h*+nc4 c cu ccch cc h *ccu % sc <n2*u) + b dchunh dsn nbu h c% dh* )bh c 2s h0+gs cu sncds ul 0bdulus. Luc*u*slc <n snc*csc dh b*s + cs*cu0s hn3clb*% s<n dc.0sn3s c sslh *<ncc.clss 4s )lsc ssul *c)c +*ss% ch*c c dc bbsccs sn blc*hbsl% cu h < 0hs 0ul <n s0s h3ss% cc nu )b hDungc nscsbdh + nscs lh subls0ul% nscs lh nbu h ch sns3shl+. B )u c0 cbns h h <n 2unc3sslc sngcnsb.s +3ss? c+cs chsh* c<nd luc*u*slc s<n bsnc cunbscu c% dhc+ 0bdul dc h lc s)unc% lh b*h b*% 4s dc h lc h4 c*nc <n sc*ss% lh ss b*sc% s<n nbs% lc 2hc h *+g+ bh*c. C<nd luc*u*slc s<n hlcsc% *c)c h*ch lb*% 2sc 4s dc 4h) c b*s% nu bbbsc4 c% dh*% dc4s nu su)+*+% nscs nu 0hs us0csc% 4s c nc/bsc s+ lc g+ c4 s <n hl chs) ch s+ ch) s/c.c h cn3sh: nbu h ch c 0+guls bh*c% /*+Dc4 c gus ul% 4s nu0hs schs0b<nd sbsul *c<nnbsc4 s bbscc clc% c+cs c b 0h*c h* + h 4 s s+ )lhcs.
&A9
ss"phtsh !h"cnsl!r6 <n b*sgsnhl% >lh g*hcsh dc lhs gcn cs"% c2. Cr., @SS. DCSPRC MBD S PLHC 77&
C< c luc*u*s hbsblu /ulgh*c 4s dc *<nd nu h )u u *clsc2h ch nbs 4s cCcclcn c% /<n.<ndu"lc lh )*c3 dc )lhc 4s hd0s*h3scQ s% ds0)b *s/+% b*sc< h* 2s clc dc sclcc c% 2+*+ hccs sbs nu <0bbldcsc gus ul 4s nscs nu su*)*snd )l+cc*ch. Sc lhud+ c+ c dsscc*n+ b*% 4s h4h c. Hcclch4s luc*u*s lc /h s)unc 4s unul% 4s hl ul% 4s cu hcclch4s% unul /h 0+guls% 4s hl ul /h Dsgns? h < h dcbscbs*c 4s <nsc0n+ h c )b <nc+)ch <n *"un cu", 4s h < h )bh c bb3snc un cu/<n bun 4s s *sch unul *+u. s dhc+ ls)sh <s cs c h < dc nb hbsl+% cu0 /h 2s un 0bd c2cc s/ *+u 4s h2cc s/ *cs)sng+ b*% 4s cu h < 0hs 0ul <n ch.ul unb* )c*sbhnc cu sluDb+ uns/c*shl+O s lh 0ul3s h0 /+.u % 4s chsh* h0 c*s sch "b% c+
h2cc h*ch% *u2sh% usc+csunch% g*bsbl+nsh% 2s*ch ncsu2c*s + 4s hl c 0bns *ub.s +3s hsc0+n+ bh*c s"hu 2+cu snhcccssbsls. C un gcs 0sc% cu0)+nch un <n3clc) % <nc*un h*ch h% dh* su2scscn ch s+ s *scc gus ul <n *cgss /sc3s: ds0)b *s/+% c+u + u*h )l+cu + h chs)ulus b 2+g+dusc4 c )c cch h cugc ulus% sh* 2*u0usc3ch chc.+4usc4 c bl<ndc3ch 2clulus dc h 2s. Sc lhud+ 0hs cu sch0+ c+ )blcsc4 c nu3u <n hsc0cnch 0+su*+% <nc< s+ 2sc )*c3us 0hs 0ul dcc< un dh sch*b+d: <ndulcc4 c cu h < h dsb+csc hdc/+*u*slc% <nc< hDung s+ *chc+ d*c) lsngu4cls 4s% uncb*s% c<nd )h*c h lsngu4s% dc.h0+gc4 c% s)un<ndu"3s nu ccch cc c% cs ccch cc h* *cbus s+ 2sc. Cl c unsc *c2ugsu )cn *u b3s ccs c+*b*h lc ls)sc4 c <n.cs *h*ch nh u*hl+? c+cs h uncs sc hDu + cu 0bdul 4s dbb<ndcsc 0hs 0ul cu hDu b*ul g*sDss dcc< hl3ss cu hDu b*ul dcs+/<*4s*ss nh u*hlc: su)lsnc4 c ls)su*s cscn3shlc% bh chsh* cu s)b*u*s% <n bh c sluDbclc su)c*sbh*c 4s 0+*un c. Cu*sbs c c+ nu )bh c 2s dc2sns % )cn *u c+ nu sc 4 sc <n cc cbns +% b*s dc nu% s+ .scc0 c+ s<n us *clc G*h3sslc lhblhl + <n *"un cb0)us hbsblu dcs+/<*4s . s ch s+ nu h)cl+0 0c*cu )cn *u )*bdsgss lh Hn schs h c 4s nscs s+ nu cc*4s0 dbh* *ccu ulus c*bss0ul% hd0s*h3sh h /cnc*h 0bdc*n+ 4s h)lhu.clc hu )*bsl+/s <n h)bgcu% /*chu s+ .sc <n cul0ch sh% hcchs + nbbsl+ <n.cs *h*c <n )c*sbhnh ch blsccs% c*bsccs 4s b h < dc 0h*ss nbhs *c *cgsnc% s +)<nh nbhs *+ dbnh Sshbcl dc Bbu*"bbn&A&% ch*c nu nu0hs h cbn snuh % cs h 4s dus 0hs dc)h* c glb*sh
&A&
Ssh!cl dc B!ur!!n6 P*s0h sb3sc h lus Ksls) hl S#"lch 4s 0h0+ h )*sn3ulus Bhl" hsh* Ch*lbs. C*h 2ssch lus Hcn*sc hl S#"lch hl K*hn3cs 4s h M+*scs dc Mcdscss. H /cns <n S)hnsh lh /<*s h dc &7 hns% <n &A&B. <n &A(7 h cbndus 0s4ch*ch dc *+s u*nh*c h cbn clus"ducc dc Bls/h*cs. H 0u*s <n &A((. #c.s 4s Hsc, @@SSS. 222 DSSCCRNTBRUL
*cnu0clus 4s 2c*scs*ch lcgh c dc Sshbclclc Ch blscc hlc S)hnscs. P*sn *c hl c 0ul c 4s h)h* c *clsc2u*s <ncb*bnh c% ch su)*hc hlh un 0bd h < dc 0+*c3% b h < dc su/c*hn+ h0hbsls h c% <nc< % du)+ cc h 2u*h sns0slc /hshlslb* s+s% h hDuns s+ lc 2h*0ccc h2cc clc: 0hs 0ul bb3snch b b0cnsc dc"h sh dcc< b <n *chg+ ds/sns h c *cghl+. H 2+cu 0ul <n *"un *+s s0) scu* % h *+s h)lhudhbsl+% h 0u*s )l<ns+. Hu sn/sdsh "b 2sc 0bh* ch% )cn *u c+"4s h *+scsc lu0ch% 2sc cc*ul% )cn *u <ngc*sh 4s s2sn3cnsh cs. Hu s0uls"b h0<ndbs 0hs bunulus nbs *u nb*bc% ch dbb<ndsnd hscs *cnu0clc dc *cg*c h +% ch*c c ccl dsn <s lh *cgsnc% sh* hcblb glb*sh% ch*c c su)*c0h 2c*scs*c.
H@@SSSP HRT DC H KS NBRBCBS&A7 1h!ul

Bbh* h cch 0sncsnbhs+ h*c 0ul3s c<* s b*s 4s nscs un *ccunbsc+ b*: nc0ul3u0s*ch hcchs h hDungc 4s )*sn *c dbbs bhcc% dh* lh csnc 0hs bsncO Ccl 0hs ncsh ss2+cu dsn *c bh c c ccl 0hs )*bs +nhc. Sc b )l<ngch hccs h dsn *"un cc*c <n hl ul 4s g+sch nu nu0hs cb0)hssunc% cs 4s h)lhu.c% 0hs hlcs <n *<ndul /ulgulus. <n *"b bun+ .s% h4hdh*% s2+ us dc 0ul3s 4s nc<nsb3s dc ns0cns% s"h <n2+3s4h .scc"sc% lh hudscn3h bb4 chsc+ h su)*c0ulus Su)s c*: hscs% )*b2und s0c*s % luc*u )cn *u ch*c un )*bs 0c*s + 0ul3u0s*s% 4s du)+ cc s s"h hcb*dh nc)*c3us h <n/bs*c dc h 2s hscul h % *bs s *+u hccs dsscu*s 4s 0hs *+u <n bc0s ? >P*chsn cg*ulc Su)s c*% c+cs <0)+*3s b* dc d*c) h c% 4s nu *+.bun+ b* c db*csc? sh +% hs <n 2h3h h 0+*ch3+ )c ccl 0hs b*b)ss % bh4ch nc4 su b*% dsn *c dbbs bhcc% 4s"3s s0)lb* nu h < *+.bunh*ch b2cnsclb*% c< lccus*ch nc2c*scs*slb* 0clc% Cu0 sc <0)hc+ bh*c% b% .culc c c*n% sn cg*s h ch h cu s0)sc h ch sb*3ss% dbh* cu 0snc bh*b+% s*hn+ 4s chsh* 0h4 c*+O B dh + cc nh u*h 0"h 2+cu ccl 0hs )*bs +nhc dsn *c hns0hlc = 4s cu hs h h0 s)us b ul = dc cc 0hs *cbush s+ hdhugc c*udh dc ch% lh b hsc0cnch )b/h*+ su)*h)b/h*h nc2c*scs*ss% /sbl<nd u.ul 4s c+lc<nd <n )scsbh*c bbsccsulO M+ sslc4 c
&A7
Hrt dch ks n!r!c!s6 #c.s% Br., 7&% cu s lu sdcn sc.
HRT DC H KS NBRBCBS 223
s+ 2su )*bs 4s s+ *+scsc nc0ul3u0s : )c*sccu + nc/snb/+3sh 4s bc*b c4 c *+u h ch: Lcul ccl *u2h4 *su02+? Tsg*ul ccl c*ud *+sc4 c: #ul)ch% ch*c"s <n4hl+ )c b3s% *<dc dc b3s: Lu)ul ccl lhcb0 <4s 2hcc 0cnd*clc: nu0hs cu% ch*c nu 2hc ns0+nush *+u% <l su2+* dsn )h* ch u u*b*h? 0+n<nc )u3sn% 0unccsc 0ul : sbc hhlchl+% dbh* csb0+gchl+: s<n nc<ng*sDs 4s% du)+ cc 0s"s 4s u*< % nu 0+ )b h*+ h <n lu0c% nu"s bun dcc< s+ ch* 0bcb2hns% 4s hs h 0+ dbh*c ccl 0hs 0ul ." Jhlnsch"s Dhlb+"s 0s4c+ h*c 0ul )c b3s ccs dc 2h3+: nu0hs Su)s c*% sc/c*% nc ulbu*<ndu"sc ch cs% /ulgh*% <n snsc b*h3ul )c ch*c sc *c.c0hsc% nu h < ch s+"4s s)*sDsnc ch)ul% c< ch s+"4s )+s *c.c u*cchch hccch )cn *u cchlhl + )h* c&A6: 2+cu sc0n s+ 2sc chc0h + Kb* unh% ch s+ dc dc./snb/+3chsc+. Pb*ns*+ <n c+u h*ch cs 0ul3s sbldh3s% s udcn3s 4s )*c cndcn3s: 0c*sc*+ )*sn 0ul c )+*3s% dh* )c nsc+sc*s n"b g+schu. <n *cbhu bh )c unss% bh )c hl3ss% 4s ns0cns nu 4 sh s+ dch 4 s*c. Sn *h*+ <n chsh )u c*nsculus Hu b*s h c% 4s c*hu h < dc 0h*s dc.b*dsnch 4s g*hbh cu ch*c% 2+*+ h s h )c g<ndu*s% sc 0s4chu b3s. <nc< nu g+ss*+ )c ns0cns dss)us h lc *+s)undc 4s nscs 0+ch* h"s hscul h% dc4s d+du*+ dc 0ul3s. Cugc h*+ cs c+% 2+*+ <ndbshl+% nu sc )u ch h2lh <n bsul uncs h h*c ulbu*+*s% 4s nu sc <n4clh*+. T*ccu*+ <n chsh Bbg+3scs% 4s hscs G*sDh lc s)usc c+ 2uscsc% dh* nu0hs <n *chc+ % dbh* h < h c< s+ lc *ccb0hndc unb*h c*bsnc dc s)sns 4s ns4 c shcs dc sulc. Sn *h*+ <n c/sn h K*u0usc3ss% ch*c c*h 2bh* c h)*bh)c dc scC +% dbh* ch s"b )l+ chsc+ cu sc) s0clc &A(: d+du*+ dc P*bs sc 4s% 2+*+ s+ 0hs <n *cbc ns0sc% *ccu*+ lh cch h <n3clc)csunss: S+*+csh lc *+s)unsc c+ nu c*h nscs hcblb% dh* c+ b h4 c) hu
dc lh b .s lh hl h.
&A6
urcchch... pcntru cchlhlt phrtc. G*hcs1n 2blbsc4 c b hnccdb + h *sbus + lus HlcChnd*u ccl Mh*c% )b *s/s c+*csh hccs h <4s hs u)h b u*cchc c<nd hu.ch b <n/snus*c% s)un<nd c+ )c cchlhl + b )+s *ch.+ )cn *u )<*< % /c.s Hsc, @@@% 4s Crst.,%,2. C2. 4s /cchsul hdhgsu Du*sdsc? ,81udshtur hltcrh phrs." %&. sntrhr *n c snth 1ru"uscss... hpr!hpc dc3h 4hsch... scpts"clc6 <n b*sgsnhl? >Cn *h*bn cn lh Fusn h dc lh Hc*0bsu*h% Fuc cs + 0u! cc*ch dcl scC b )h*h )hgh*lb )b* lhs sc c nhs"% Dbc dc cu/sn c sc0hn sc cb0)lcC% hnhls.h % )*sn *c hl clc% dc K*s . Schhl2 ;>Bhl hsh* G*hcs1n und dhs Cndc dcs ssglb dc b*b"% R!"hnsschc 1!rschun#cn, L# ;&'(9E% L#S ;&'(&E% Slb. >Hllcgb*sc und Kb* s)scl"% ). &79E? >Un *s)lu Dbc dc cu/sn c? cC)*cssh Ausnth *s0s c lh 2h) ul c+ h*cndh4ul uncs chsc dc 3h*+ *cbush s+"s )l+ chsc+ )*b)*sc h*ulus b csncs0c dsn /cns : sc-th h 4hsch )b*unc+ ;>s+ nu 2ss dcs2*<nh "% n. nE% sh* sctcnhs <nsc0nh lh b*sgsnc cbndh0nh*ch lh sc) ulus )hgubcs )*b/bch c." 224 DSSCCRNTBRUL
Lc 0hs *+s)unsc dbh* b ssngu*+ chs+% ch*c sc <n+l3h ssngu*+ )c lh u*h d*ch) +. S *sgh*+% <n *uc< c*h 2bh* c 2c*cch +% 4s sc4s s+ lc *+s)und+ b 2ccsbh*+ h < dc 2*u0bhs+% <nc< c*c.u*+ c+ c*h unh dsn cclc *cs G*h3ss% 4s b <n *cbh*+ ch*c dsn *c clc cs c. R+s)unsc cu hlchs+ bun+/bsn3+ c+ c #s* u ch. <n *c s0)% <4s 4s 2+cu h)h*s3sh dsn+un *u% 4s <nc+ dsn ccl 0hs hd<nc sn c*sb*. Kb* unh% 2bh* c .<0bs bh*c: <s <n2+3s4h*+ sb0h3sh% 4s ch d+du hscul h*c% h4h cu0 <s c bbsccsul% .bu*<nd b*bc4 c. Sc h)*b)sc 2bh* c *cs)cc ubhs+ dc *bnul shc*u% 4s b3s ccs dsn cb* cgsu b <n <0)snh*+ cu 0ul c cu* cnss% bh chsh* cu lsngu4cls% ch s+ lc 2sc <n bh*sc. >Cc <nsch0n+ hs h% b% Kb* unh% .ssc Su)s c*% c+ .slnsc *cbusc s+ u*cc )<n+ lh 0snc )l<ngc*slc dcs)*c )u* h*ch hO #+d )*ch bsnc c< dc g*ch c sh*csnh dc h"s 0ul3u0s )c ccslhl3s% cu h < 0hs /<* bs )c 0ul3s% sh* )c b3s% cu nc)u sn3+. su 4s c+ cclb* 0hs 0ul3s lc 0c*gc *+u 2ssndc+ lc 0c*gc bsnc 4s% <n lbc s+ 2sc *ccunbsc+ b*s )cn *u 0ul ul cc lc )*ssbsc4 c% sc )l<ng 4s dc 2bh* c )u3snul cc lc"h* ls)ss. C un hbu.% )*sn *c bh0cns% s+ nu"4s h*uncc nscsbdh + bchss hsu)*h shculus cu ncnb*bhcclc cclb*lhl3s% cs nu0hs hsu)*h cclus cu nb*bhcclc. sh* <n ch.ul lb* <n4s4s% ds0)b *s/+: sc us + lh lucsul hu*ulus uncs cb*bhnc% dh* nu lh g*cu h ch% shu g*cul cs. Ch h h*c% cu nu h0 dh nscsbdh + h cn3sc )l<ngc*slb* lb*% )<n+ hcu0? cclc hlc hccs us sns. <n bh c )*s/sn3clc nc2c*scs % )h* bh*ccu0 <n c0csh c. Kb* unh <l )*s/s chsb*<4: c*h gh h s+ .<0bchsc+% dh*% h0sn sndu"4s undc sc h2lh% sc s +)<ns 4s% 2bh* c 2s3bs)+4s +% .ssc? >Su)*c0ulc Su)s c*% dbh* b /b*b+ /*chu s+"0s 2sc dc./snb/+3s*ch% 4s hnu0c? dhc+ cl c un 0+gh*% dc cc sc 0hs )l<ngcO" Hu 2+cu cu b3ss hh. dc *+s)unsul cs% &"h h)lhudh <nsu4s Jbc% 4s% s)*c <n +*s*ch lus 4s <n/+3+ u*h% 0hs dcg*hb+ dcc< 0<ng<sc*ch )*bs ulus dc hcu.h b*% <s s)usc? >Nc2c*scs ulc dbbs bc% n"hs 2s 2bs nscsc<nd h < dc nc2c*scs % dhc+ hs 2s 2bs 0hs dc4 c) . Du" c% 4s dc h.s <nhsn c chu + s+ 2ss *ch. ch Lcul% )*udcn ch Clc2hn ul% /sclchn ch #ul)ch 4s )*cchu ch Lu)ul. Cu0)+nc4 c"3s bsnc 0sDlbhcclc 4s"3s /cs h sngc scb)u*slc: 4s dc.h0+gchsc+"sc b3s 0u*s b*ss% .ssc cl% *sdsc<nd glhsul% c+ nu c 0hs 0ul nb*bc% nscs 0hs 0ul ncnb*bc dcc< )*udcn3+ shu s0)*udcn3+&AB.
&AB
prudcn shu s"prudcn6 <n Hsc% @@SSS% G*h*s1n h *sbusc hcchs + *c2lcc3sc lus Scncch. Gsb/hnns Bb c*b ;Dc2G...E b )unc <n gu*h unus Csh))s #s clls? >Dscc/h chc ncllc cbsc dcllh guc**h nbn chc ncllhl *c% lh 2b* unh c ss chsb nbn h/c/h )h* c hlcunh? 0hchc u b c*h)*udcn.hbs0)*udcn.h." #c.s HH"BG.BC% ). &(&b%nb h &. CBRBHNH DSSCCRNCRSS 77B
H@@S#P CBRBHNH DSSCCRNCRSS Phnc#srsc

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226 DSSCCRNTBRUL
shlc cb*bhnc. Sc lu) hu <n+l3s0ch dc cugc % M+*c3sh s)s*s ulus. Hu b*s h ch% P*c3us*ch% Rc)u h3sh% Uns/c*shls h ch. Bs cn h3sh% Kslb s0sh% Kh*0ccul% H)lhudhbsls h ch. Bunul Gus % Cul u*h% Ss0)h sh bh0cnslb*% snc*ch dc 0sn c. ssn3h% Chsb.usn3+% Nc)+* s"ns*ch% Ls)sh dc h2cc h*c% Sc*sb.s h ch% Db0snh*ch% R+bdh*ch% Hscu3s0ch. H cn3sh% Ss0)h sh subls0+% Nccu)*sndc*ch% Sndc2sns"bsls h ch% cu 0ul c hl clc dc hcchs + 3snu + 4s 0+*s0c&AA. H <ncc)u dsn <s cu b c0ulh3sc gcnc*bhs+ 4s h hDuns )<n+ lh u*0+ s+ 2sc b <n2*un h*c )c c< dc 2+3s4+% )c"h < dc s *+lucs +% nu nu0hs <n *c <n.cs *+*s% ch )<n+ h uncs% cs 4s <n *c )*b cc b*ss lb*. Hcc4 sh c*hu% dc4s )u3sns% ssngulh*s% ccs 0hs 0h*s bh0cns hs /chcu*slb*% u*sh4s cu b3ss hs 2hs0cs% )*bdsgss hlc c0sncn3clb*% c*bs% <n s2<*4s . cu b3ss nc0u*s b*s. Lu) hu ch <0)+ s0s3s 4s s<*gushu ch )u c*nscs% 2scch*c )un<n"du"4s <nhsn c *clsc2ul? <n3clc)3ss cu *h3sunch% /s cDss cu +*sh% sh* )u c*nscss cu hu b*s h ch. H < dc 0h*c h 2bs d<*.cnsh <n *u nc0u*s*c% cu hsc0cnch h)*sndc*c dc h)lhu.c. <nc< s"h /+.u h*.<nd b *cgh ul c*bss0ulus <n hccs *+.bbs )*chsc+)+*+ b*. Khs0h u0blh 2clu*s + 4s Kb* unh 2bh* c nchb +*< +. du)+ /*c0u*s% du)+ bbsccsu*slc 4s 2s*slc bh0cnslb*% 2scch*c s +*usnd <n )+*c*ch sh% sh* /sc b*sh nu sc dcclh*h nscsbdh +. Cbnssdc*<nd c+ ls sgsul cs c 2su hl hhbsulus 4s *bd hl cbn2u.scs% b+*bh3ss <n3clc)3s lc )*b)usc*+ cclb*lhl3s s+"& *c.bl/c )c chlch Dudcc+3ss% 4s nu )c cch h lu) cs? c+.u*+ cu b3ss dc hcb*d 4s sc <nc*cdsn3h*+ dsb+cscs uncs scn sn3c <n3clc) c% )*udcn c 4s )*ch"d*c) c. Dh*% h4h cu0 sc bbs4nusc4 c% dsn *"b ds2scul h c hu c+.u <n hl h 4s 0hs 0h*c. 4s hnu0c lh cc *sbunhl s+ *ccu*g+. Pcn *u c+ c 0ul + /*c0c dc c<nd Hs *cch &A5% lu<ndu"4s +l)+4s3h dsn lu0c% s"h *c *hs <n cc*. Ch s+ 0ch*g+ lh Mb0bs% <nsc0nh s+ sc bs<ndchsc+ b3s% 2ssndc+ 0u*0u*h*ch nu d+ ns0+nus d*c) h c 4s nscs hb +*<*c h*bs *hl+? ch cbndh0n+ b ul. Nu *+0<nch dcc< Hdc/+*+ h ch% dh* s<n /chcu*s 0ul c dc c<nd s"h cu0sn3s % *c *+g<ndu"sc <n l+un *ul cs% )*c2+c<ndu"sc *+cs + 4s chsh* 0u +. Cu bh c hccs ch% lh
&AA &A5
Ph*hg*h2ul dc 0hs sus *cch)s ulch.+ cbncc) clc 2undh0cn hlc dc./bl h c <n Cr. Hstrcch6 >Hs *hsh% .cs3sh Dus s3scs <n 0s blbgsh g*chc+% 2ssch lus Zcus 4s h Ts h"nsdcs Thc0ss. <n c)bch )*s0b*dshl+ ;/<*s h dc hu*E h *+s )*sn *c bh0cns% dh* sc<*bs + dc *+u h ch lb* s"h u*ch <n cc*% dc/cnsnd Cbns clh3sh Kccsbh*cs." ;#. Kc*n"bhch% Dscs!nhr dc "st!l!#sc #cncrhl, Cds u*h ssn3s2sc+ 4s Cncsclb)cdsc+% Bucu*c4 s% &'8'% s./.E. CBRBHNH DSSCCRNCRSS 227
*ug+0sn3slc hdb*h b*slb* s+s <n3clc)3s 4s cc*<ndu"lc 0hs <n <s lsbc*+ *ccc*c *cgslb*% ch*c nu0hs dc dh h hs h s"hu hcb*dh "b% sc l+s+ /+.u +% cu h < 0hs 2*u0bhs+% cu c< 0hs h)*b)sh +% cu h < 0hs clcghn +% cu c< 0hs gbhl+% c+cs% b dh + cu nu0clc% 4s"h luh dc lh prs"h crh shu )*s0+/h*+% 4s 2*u0usc3ch: h/ch sus + *cs *<ns+% dh* s *+lucs + 4s% cu bh c c+ dc 0ul3s c*h dc cs h +% h 2bs hscul h + dc b3s. Luh lbc <n *sbunhl lh lu0snh h0sc.ss. <ncc)u*+ s+ )lcdc.c )+*3slc% hduc<ndu"4s clbgss% h4h cu0 s"h h*+ h . Lc l+ud+ )c bh c% 4s )c 2scch*c <n )h* c cu h < h s +*usn3+. <nc< )+*ch s+ <nclsnc c+ *c d<nsh% dh* <n cclc dsn u*0h sc )*bnun3h% .sc<nd? %.P*chc0sncn c *clsc2u*s hlc b+*bh ulus cul % h)lhudhbslc <n.cs *+*s hlc b+*bh ulus dsscc*n+ b*? 0+* u*sscsc csns s c+ /+ )*c3uscsc )c bh c% dh* nu )b s+ nu s)un hdc/+*ul% ch s+ nu 0+ hbh dc lh 0snc <ns+0s. Zsc% h4hdh*% c+ s *+lucc4 c un sbh*c hl *clsc2u*slb*% lucs*c h <n.cs *+*slb*% s)lcndbh*c h c*bscs +3ss 4s <n *cgs*c h dsscc*nc*ss. H*c <n lbc dc s2c*+ un hl h* *clsgsbs <n hccl hl Hh*b c*c4 sn% dbn Luss Mcndc. &A8% )*b b s) 0hDb* hl hccs cs <n.cs *+*s )*s0c. Scncch&A' h nu0s "b unscul bun hl b0ulus: H*ss b cl. dcs+/<*4s*ch lus? Shl"lus sus% blh.bn nc0u*s b*: Cscc*b% chu.+ h 2c*scs*ss: H)ulcsus% hsc0+nh*c h ds/sns +3ss: Sb2bclc. )c*)c u+ 4s s h b*nsc+ bbg+3sc? Cu*s)sdc. 0bncd+ hscuns+? Sbc*h c. c0clsc h sb*3ss: #s*gslsu. 2*u0usc3c h su2lc ulus: Ch b% 2undh0cn hl hu b*s +3ss: h/<nd"b nu0hs )c ch% Bshs h/ch b bsnclc: Ssbc*h c h sbcb s "b d*c) h/c*ch lus? Mcnhnd*u. d*c) scu ul s+u% 4s d*c) cch 0hs bun+ blb+ dc s+gc3s h sh Hb*h3su? #hlc*sus MhCs0us nu s"h g+ss )*c3: Plhu h 2+cu "b )*c0su )cn *u ch <ns+4s% sh* h)lhudhbslul Cc.h* h nu0s "b scb) hl cclb*lhl c: sh* cu% <n *" un cu/<n % sn cg*s h ch."
&A8
Luss Mcndc06 Dbn Luss Mcndc. dc Hh*b ! Sb b0h!b* Gu.01n ! Hcc/cdb ;&B'8"&AA&E% dsn 2h0slsh 0h*chs.slb* dc Ch*)sb% 2su hl dbncs K*hncssch Gu.01n. sb*h cbn clus"ducc dc Bls/h*cs% du)+ c+dc*ch c+*ush s"h succcdh <n chls h c dc 2h/b*s hl lus Ksls) hl S#"lch% lsbc* h ch dc hc3sunc <n hcchs + chls h c 2ssndu"s <ns+ cbnssdc*hbsl *cs *<ns+ dc sn2lucn3h cCc*cs h + hsu)*h *cgclus dc sb*h Mhnh dc Hg*cdh% ch*c s"h 2bs hd/c*sh*+. H )us ch)+ *+.bbsulus dsn Ch hlbnsh ;&AB7E. &A' Scncch6 Rc)*bducc0% du)+ HH"BG.BC% ). &(6b% nb h 7. sdcn s2sc+*slc dc su*sc s hbsls c dc M. Rb0c*h"Nh/h**b )cn *u c< c/h dsn *s0s c*slc cc u*0ch.+? Scncch% Dc c!ns!lhts!nc, @% &=6: H*ss b cl% <n Dsbgcncs Lhc* sbs% !p. cst., #% S% B 4s &B: Shllus sus% Chtslsnh, &% (: Cu*s)sdc% Bcdsp, 2*hg. B(A: Sbc*h c% <n @cnb2bn% Mc"!rh!slsh, SS% C@% &(: Bshs% <n #hlc*sus MhCs0us% #SS% @#. )*c2h3+: Plhu % H"phstr9!, SS% SS% &5. 778 DSSCCRNTBRUL
H@@#P CULT $MPRSRC H #SCSS UNUS DSSCCRNTBR&59

$n3clc) ul <4s 0+sbh*+ /sh3h ch unul cc h*c dc *+s 4s )u3sn% 4s 0ul . #sh3h 2+*+ b)*s*s c ch un d*u0 lung 2+*+ hhnu*s: dh*0s c s+ u0bls <n b/+*+4sh lus Hc*hcls Q Nh u*h <ns+4s% h cn +% h )*b)b*3sb"nh /sh3h b0ulus cu d*u0ul sbh*clus% hnb s0)u*slc hnulus cu cclc hlc /sc3ss% sh* cclc )h *u hnb s0)u*s hlc hcclush cu cclc )h *u /<*s c hlc hccs csh.
<ncc)c )*s0+/h*h <n cb)sl+*sh /bsbhs+? 2lb*s gsngh4c <n n+dcDds 2*hgslc. U*0ch.+ /h*h h*.+ bh*c 4s ncs +)<ns + h snc*c3ss% <n bh c chs)u*slc )*s0cDdsbhs+% )*sn <n/+)+sc*ch s<ngclus 4s dc.l+n3us*ch 2u* unbhs+ h )hssunslb*. #snc h)bs db*s h bh0n+ h /<*s cs b+*b+ c4 s <ncununh + cu 2*uc c cbh) c% cu Dudcc+3s% cu scn sn3c 4s cu succcsc. D+ gh h b ul sh*nh <nghc3h + h b+ *<nc3ss? chd 2*un.clc s *+lucs*slb*% hlbc4 c .+)hdh c+*un c3slb*% <nghch3+ )<*hsclc /snclb*% b ul sc dc.gblc4 c dc dsn3s 4s dc )+* 4s *c0u*+ /sh3h dc h)*b")sh h"s 0bh* c. <n hccs chs) h hl c*nh nh u*h /<*s clc 4s s0)u*slc. Cbncu*<nd"b% h* h <ncch*c+ s+ <0)h* + /sh3h 0b*hl+% sngcnsbs ds/c*s+. H s)us"b Ps hgb*h <n *"un cu/<n % 4s chsh* 0hs )u3sn% dcbh*ccc <n *"b ssngu*+ ls c*+&5&% 4s% <n cclc dbu+ *h0u*s hlc cs% h <ncs"2*h cclc dbu+ d*u0u*s h < dc b)usc hl *+ulus 4s hl bsnclus. Lh hccs bs/su *sschn sc .scc c+ h hDuns Hlcsdul &57 <n .b*s% c+cs *h3sunch c hu*b*+% 4s hscs s"h h*+ h )c*)lcCs h ch lus bb4 chsc+. <l )*s/ch )c ccl dsn d*ch) h cu g*bh.+ 4s cu d*hgbs c )c ccl dsn s <ngh? s *<0 hcclh 4s hnc/bsbs% )c scu* lh dchl 4s% )*sn u*0h*c% ncc+lch : lh*g
&59
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BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS

&. T!tul c3hcu" *n hp!#cu, 4s3n ccl "hs "hrc hrth dc h ks pcrs!hn. Mhs 0ul sc cc*c h.s )cn *u un <n3clc) dcc< <n /cchs0c )cn *u 4h) c% 4s dc 0hs 0ul hs nc/bsc ch s+ *h c.s cu un ssngu* sns <n /chcul nbs *u dcc< cu un )b)b* <n *cg <n cclc *ccu c. :. 1src 4s sn#cns!0sthtc%6 cclc dbu+ bsss hlc s *+lucs*ss <n.cs *+*slb*: unh Sh*+ hl h. nb*bc <nDu0+ +3s . Nu"s dc" hDuns sn clsgcn3h% c dc db*s 4s 2s*cscul. Ncnb*bc dc )*bs s+"3s g*c4c4 s chc0h*ch <n )*s/sn3h s +*ss% sluDbcs% lbculus% hn u*hDulus. 6. 13s lucrrslc cu suspcnssc%. Us0s*c lh nbu h c <nsch0n+ )*c3us*c lh *cu4s c. Jbcul cu c+*3slc )c 2h3+ nu c nscs dc 2blbs% nscs dc bun gus . Ncdc./+lus*ch s0cdsh + <n *c3snc cu*sb.s h ch% 4s 0hs hlcs c<nd 0+*c3sh sluDbcs c bbscc hl uns/c*shlcs h4 c) +*s? sndsc+ hsn+"n bh c 4s )*sn <ns+4s h*chns h ch cs )*b/bhc+ /cnc*h3sh 7. Chsh* c<nd c 2hcs <n3clcs% ch + s+ 2ugs dc 2*hnchc3c% du)+ cu0 nscs <n *clh3sslc cu bh0cnss nu *cbusc s+"3s cC)us u u*b*h l+un *ul. T+cc*ch cs*cu0s)cc + c shnc uh* hl cu0sn3cnscs. Hb +*<*ch dcclh*h + n"h 2bs nscsc<nd h)*ccsh +: 0hs dcg*hb+ sc cC)unc blh0ulus% sh* dhc+ s2<*4c4 c nc2hs % /h 2s dc dbu+ b*s nc2c*scs +. S0s + dccs
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5. C st sct!rss hsuprh phtr!nulus%. U*< + c b*scc s.b<nd+% sh* hsu)*h s +)<nulus% shu )*bs chsc+% shu 2h hl+. Su)c*sb*s h ch h 2bs 0c*cu dc cs h +% 0hs hlcs dc su)c*sb*s h ch <ns+4s. H cn3sh bbs4nusc4 c s+"4s hscund+ h/hn hDclc 0+*un c% hscun.<nd dc )sld+ 2*u0usc3ch sub ncb*<ndushl+. #cs g+ss lcsnc sn4s gh h s+"4s *ccunbhsc+ sn2c*sb*s h ch <n nb*bc 4s 2s*c% dh* <n sngcnsb.s h c nscs unul% cu h < 0hs )u3sn b su/c*hns h c? ch cs c h *sbu u2**cgc 4s% ch h h*c% b*scc c*s0+ <0)b *s/+"s c dc lc.0hscs h c. S<n su/c*hns% 4s /b* s+ 2sc 4s"n ccch cc" s )*sn cCcclcn3+ hs 2cl. P*sncs)slb* lc )lhcc s+ 2sc hDu h3s% dh* nu <n *ccu3s% 4s b*scc s2+ us*c s"h)h*+ 0hs dcg*hb+ /+ us*c7 h *ch0sn s*ss cclb* us h c dcc< lu0snh*c h cclb* nc)*scc)u c dc cs. Sub sls h ch hcchs h nc"b )*b)+/+duscsc 2c*scs chsh* h4 *ss% ch*c% 0+ch* c+"s s<n 2ccsb*s 4s s *+lucs b*s% nscsbdh + nu sc 0+sbh*+ cu /+)+slc sbh*clus. 8. B" ncpts"h4, chc04sc h cclcs "hs "hrs *nls"s dc cu#ct%. <ns+4s su)c*sb*s h ch sh <l s.b+/c4 c dc su)unc*ch 2h3+ dc )hshgc*c s0)*csss /ulgh*c. Nu cs c 0hs 0h*c s +)<ns*c dcc< cch dc ssnc7% h )*b)*sslb* )h s0s% *su02hl lsbc*ulus h*bs *u. s chsh* dhc+ )h s0h h* cu)*sndc )c*sbhnh% s+ nu sc"ncu0c c lh 2unc3sc% 4s cu h < 0hs )u3sn% cu c< c 0hs 0h*c? 0sDlbc *c.bnhbsl dc"h c/s h nc)l+cc*s 4s chsh* dc"h scu* h chlch s)*c *c)u h3sc. '. Dc0"sntc3s "ctchnclc nhscs%. H)h <0)+* +4c4 c <nsu4s*slc bunc shu *clc hlc /snclb* )*sn ch*c cu*gc% sh* b0ul )c"hlc cls0cs <n ch*c s"h n+scu . Unss dh b*ch.+ 0hs 0ul dcc< hl3ss )h *sslb* lb*% h/<nd )h* c hcblb dc un .cns 0hs )*sclnsc. Nu c nh3sc% nscs chsh* dsn cclc 0hs cul c% scu s + dc /*cun dc2cc b*sgsnh*% )c ch*c /ccsnss nu )*cgc + s+ s"& /c4 cDchsc+% 2sc dsn /sclcnsc% 2sc ch 0<ng<sc*c. C *su02+ bh*c dsb+csc s+"nd*c)3s shu 0+ch* s+ dc.0sn3s hccs c s sg0h c nh3sbnhlc? dbb<ndc4 s hs 2cl h)lhudhbslh 2hs0+ dc unsc <n *c hs +s% c+cs ccch cc cs c 0hs )u3sn h4 c) h c )*c3us 0hs 0ul . S<n 4s 0c chnc cc 3sn dc 2h0slsc% dc s h*c% dc sluDb+ 4s dc /<*s +% ch*c% dhc+ sc"n <lncsc bh c <n *"un sns 4s nu s<n )*c<n <0)snh c dc h cn3sc% hlc+ uscsc un 0bns *u ncsu2c*s .
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'& "ctchnclc nhscs6 C2. Dssc, S% SS: Crst, SS% 6.

242 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS
&9. Jhns 4s khs"%. Pc c< dc ncs h b*nsc+ c unh. )c"h < c dc 2c*0+ cchlhl +. <n <sh ch s+ *+sc4 s% h dbuh )cn *u h)bs: hccch cbn *h sn/sdscs% hcchs h cbn *h us +*ss. hnsh 3s"b db*c4 s 4s uncb*s 3s"b hDu3s: 2hs0h 3s"b 2+u*c4 s. Db*sn3h dc *c)u h3sc nh4 c dsn /*cdnscsc. Khs0h h 2bs 4s cs c sb*+ dc u*sh4s: 0c*gc b dchunh )c lh cC *c0c? 2sc 0bn4 *s% 2sc )*bdsgss% dc sc<*b+% dc h)lhu.c. &&. 1rcc cntch03s pc ccs dc lh chrc p!s *n h%. Sbcsc h ch )*sc cnslb* 2sc 4cbhl+ dc c*uds3sc% sh* cbn/c*sh3sh <n/+3+ u*+ cul +% un 0bd dc h 2hcc dsn )*sc cns 0hgss *s% cbn b)snd u slul sns *us*ss cu )l+cc*ch cbn/c*sh3scs. Sh ss2hc3sh cu ccs )*scc)u3s hl c*nch.+% c bucu*s dc s)usclc hlc )*sn h)lhu.clc cu ch*c s<n )*s0s c% sh* dc cclc hu.s c. <n cduch3sc. Rclsc2h hscs. )*b)*sul nbs *u sn c*cs nc )bh* + dc bbsccs c+l*c hl csnc/h. H cn ul 2*cc/cn ch.+ chsclc hcclb* c*bs cu* cns% ch*c"s 0hs dcg*hb+ ch *c hlc c*bscs h3ss dcc< )hlh c hlc /hns +3ss. S<n scnsb*s cu *c)u h3sc dc dsscc*n+ b*s 4s. )c l<ng+ 2h) ul c+ cs <n4s4s s<n b*hcblc hlc u u*b* 0+*c3ss lb* )*sn )sldh 4s sbcsc h ch lb*% hlhsul cclb* cc"s <nsb3csc c b hchdc0sc hulsc+ h bh + bunh 4s 2slb s0h dsscc*nc*c. &7. Nhtur 4s hrt, "htcrshl 4s lucrhrc%. Nu c 2*u0usc3c 2+*+ hDu b*% nscs )c*2cc3sunc ch*c s+ nu chd+ <n bh*bh*sc 2+*+ *clsc2ul h* cs? *+ul ch <l <nd*ch) +% 4s bsnclc <l dcs+/<*4c4 c. Nh u*h dc bbsccs nc )+*+sc4 c c<nd nc c 0hs bsnc: s+ *ccu*gc0 lh h* +. K+*+ ch% cch 0hs bun+ nh u*+ c sncul +% 4s )c*2cc3sunslb* lc ls)sc4 c Du0+ h ch dhc+ lc ls)sc4 c cul u*h. K+*+ h* +% b b0ul )h*c nccsb")ls 4s"s *cbusc 4lc2us*c <nb*scc sbs dc )c*2cc3sunc. &6. Lucrch0 cu sntcnsc c*nd sccund, c*nd prs"1 #sh3h b0ulus c 0sls3sc cbn *h 0hls3scs b0ulus7? shghcs h ch lu) + cu s *h"
&9 Jhns 4s khs"6 C2. Cr., @@. && ccs dc lh chrc p!s *n h6 C2. C*s2.% SSS. &7. &7 Nhtur 4s hrt...? C2. Dssc% @#SSS: Br., 5: Crst., S% 8. &6 sntcnsc c*nd sccund, c*nd prs"6 >Tc*0cnul Gsc#undh sntccs!n5 sc 2blbsc4 c c<nd csnc/h s+/<*4c4 c un luc*u )c 2h3+% h/<nd <ns+ hl scb) 4s un )lhn hscuns% nc/+ds dc hcch hc3sunc. s <n hccs scns sc .scc h h/ch sn cn3sc sccund+ <n ccch cc 2hcs. Lh . sntcnts! cclhth. cl ss"ulhth" $Dsccs!nhrs! dc Hut!rsdhdcs). Pcn *u h0+nun c. Hcll0u Jhnscn% Dsc Grund!c#rskkc dcs Bhlthshr Grhcssn. D*b.Msnh*d% Gcnc/hPh*ss% &'B8% )). &&'"&7B. C2. Br., 7&B. &67 "slssc c!ntrh "hlsscs6 Dsn *c nu0c*bhsclc su*sc ;/c.s Cl Crsc!n, cd. M. Rb0c*h Nh/h**b% /bs. S% ). &68% nb h ('E s+ h0sn s0 S! , 5%&? >Msls3sh cs /s h hb0snss su)c* c**h0"% 4s Scncch% Scrss!rs, @C#S? >#s/c*c% Lucsss% 0sls h*c BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 243
hgc0c dc *ch sn cn3sc. Nu 2hcc nscsbdh + cc h*h +: bchc4 c% dh% ch s+ dc*u c.c: snssnuch.+% ch"n *chc+ % cu dsb+csc 4s lb/c4 c <n *chls h ch ncg<nds +. h cn + 0c*cu ch s+ hbh + h cn3sh. Sch)+ b sn cn3sc ch s+ sc hssgu*c dc h cn3sh *s/hl+% dh* sc"n bh*cc nu0hsdcc< <0)b *s/h cs% <n/sng<nd )*sn nc)*c/+.u . Sn clsgcn3h )+ *un.+ bh*c b )*c<n <0)sn+ <ns+ cu /cghc*s% b )<ndc4 c cu /sclcnss: <n3clcgc b dchunh cbn *h*sul h ccch cc /*ch s+ <n3clchg+ 4s cunbh4 c <ndh + b*scc snducc*c"n c*bh*c: lhs+ s+ *chc+ b*scc sn cn3sc )*s0+ 4s *+0<nc"n h4 c) h*ch cclcs sccundc% bh chsh* h cclcs c*3c. Ss0ulh*ch s)b*c4 c c<nd <4s /cdc /sclc4ugul dsbus 4s chu + s+ h0+gchsc+ chsh* cu hdc/+*ul: schs0b+ Dbcul% s)*c h schs0bh c* s)ul% 4s 2hcc h* s2scsu dsn nch* s2scsu% <n c0csndu"4s hs u3sh )c cch 0hs 0h*c chndbh*c. D+ 2ugh luh*ch"h0sn c% <n3clcg<ndu"s )c*s)schcs h ch% 4s dcscb)c*+ cncb*clc"0b*+ch c dc lu0sn+6? dcscs2*ch.+ sn cn3sh% cu h < 0hs )*c2+cu +% cu c< 0hs /+ds +. Hs 2cl lu) + /sclc"ns*ch Ps bnulus cu nc)*sh+ns*ch )+ *un.+ bh*clb* *h.c hlc lus H)blb. &(. Rchlsthtch 4s "!dul%. Nu hDungc subs hn3h% c ncccsh*+ 4s cs*cu0s hn3h. Un 0bd *+u s *sc+ b . )<n+ 4s d*c) h ch 4s *h3sunch. Ccl bun 3snc lbc dc b : )blcsc4 c nu"ul% <ndulcc4 c hdc/+*ul 4s sulc0cnc4 c chsh* b+ *<nc3ch. Cu" h*c un *bl 0h*c <n luc*u*s% sh* 0hnsc*h c *s4b* hl gus u*slb*. B cb0)b* h*c 2*u0bhs+ c )bdbhbh /sc3ss? b*scc bn bun c scbh c cu dcbscbs*c dsn <ncu*c+ u*s. &B. S hs sn#cns!0sts h7utt!hrc%. Nb*bc hl )u c*nscslb*"? s+ sc <ncbnDbh*c cu /s cDs hs )*scc)c*ss ch*c s+"s scbh + dsn b*scc hnhn"
cs ". Dsn *c sc*ss b*ss sbc*scs 2*cc/cn h3s dc G*hcs1n% /c.s K*hncsscb Rbd*sgucs Lbbb? >...b cc* b c Fuc% sc 2hl h*dcs 1 0slscsh% nunch /bs 2hl h*1 h 0hlscsh" $hpud HSS"BG. BC% ). &BAbE% 4s Juhn Huh* c dc Shn Juhn% C-h"cn dc sn#cns!s phrh lhs cscncshs6 >Lh 0hlscsh ! lh 0slscsh chss cbn/scncn cn cl 0cs0b nb0b*c ! scncn lh 0cs0h dc2snscsbn". H0 )+s *h 4s <n *hducc*c hccs Dbc dc cu/sn c% l+*gsnd )u3sn scnsul cu/<n ulus >0sls3sc". &66 tcnc!rclc3"!rchtc dc lu"sn6 C2. S. Sgnhcsb dc Lb!blh% C7crcscs!s, n*. 667? >)*b)*sb cs dcl 1ngcl 0hlb Fuc sc 2b*0h sub hngclb lucss" ;BP"BG BC ).655E. &( Rchlsthtch 4s "!dul6 Cu hl c cu/sn c% *chlul% ccch cc cs c luc*ul <n ssnc: >0bdul" ;>cl 0bdb"E cs c 2b*0h )c ch*c luc*ul b )bh c c+)+ h C2 Dssc @@SS"Br., 59% 87% 7A5% 75(: Crst., S% B. &B sn#cns!0sts h7utt!hrc6 C2. Dssc, #: Br., 7B8. &B7 N!r!c hl putcrnscsl!r6 C2. Cc*/hn cs% D!n Hus7!tc, SS% @@@S? >Unh dc lhs /cn hDhs 0h!b*cs Fuc llc/hn lbs )*sncs)cs h lbs dc01s hb0b*cs cs Fuc sc ss*/cn dc c*shdbs hn bucnbs Fuc cllbs". 244 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS
ghsc dc nc4 ssn3+% s+ *hg+"n lbcul lb* s)hdh <n s2hdh g*cu +3slb*. M+*c3sc ssngulh*+ s+ c sluDc4 s dc <n/+3h3s% dc)+4snd gus ul bh*bh* hl lus Tsg*hn6% ccl cc"s db*ch )c *cgss su)u4s ch slugs. Sbs nbu dc hu b*s h c <n )lsnul /sc3ss? s+ ns"s 2hcc0 )*sn h* + sclh/s )c ccs )c ch*c nh u*h ns s"h 2+cu su)c*sb*s. C 0ul dc 4 su 4s c scu* + /sh3h(% 4s nu *+sc4 s dhc+ nu 4 ss. C% h4hdh*% b dsb+csc h)h* c s+ <n/c3s 2+*+ chcl ushl+% 4s <nc+ 0ul % )*sn 0ul3s% 4 ssnd )*sn b3s: /b*bc4 s h)bs <n *"b hdunh*c )*sn 0ul3s shu )*sn gu*h h /b*bcsc b h <3sh <n/+3h3s c<3s c"hu )*cg+ s % dbb<ndsnd 2hs0h dc b*hcbl cu sudbh*ch hl b*h. Cs 2hc <n <s sclcc3sc dsn lcc3sc 4s"3s sc*/csc h)bs 4 ssn3h <n chsn" cscn3c. Dh* csnc nu )bh c hDungc s+"4s hsb+ <n3clc)csunch <n sc*"/s b*s0c% dbb<ndchsc"b <n
)*sc cnsc. &A. Jtssnh cu !un sntcnsc%. Hssgu*+ bcl4ug dc *cu4s c. #sbl 0bns *ubs h 2bs b dchunh c+s+ b*sh dsn *c un bun sn clcc 4s b *ch /bsn3+. Sn cn3sh *+u/bs bh*c c un /cnsn hl dcs+/<*4s*slb* 4s% hDu h + dc 4 ssn3+% /h +0+ cu 4s 0hs 0h*c sub sls h c. Nc2c*scs hlcn ul )us <n sluDb+ sc+lb4scsQ ssn3+ 2+*+ c*csc*% ncbunsc dubl+ 7. &5. Schs"!3s kclul dc3h lucrh%. Nu b dchunh lh 2cl% ch s+ dc.b*scn c.s cu*sb.s h ch% 0hs hlcs dhc+ c *s/hl+. Nu b dchunh cu sn cn3sc )*s0+% dcbh*ccc <3s /b* su*)*sndc uns2b*0s h ch% )*c/c"nsndu"3s 4s chsh* .+d+*nscsndu"3s hc3sunslc. C lcsnc dc ucss <n .bb* )+s+*ch cc 4s"& u*0ch.+ d*c) % nu <ns+ 4s cch <n lsnsc 2*<n +. Dh* nscs 0c*cu cu sn cn3sc sccund+% c+cs h dbuh bh*+ <3s /b* <n3clcgc c* s)ul. R+u h ch s + lh )<nd+: c nc/bsc dc 0h*c sub sls h c ch s"b dc*u c.s. Juc+ b*ul 4s*c nu Dbhc+ nscsbdh + )scsh b+nus + dc hd/c*sh*% nccu0 cch )c ch*c 4s"b db*c4 c.
&B6 Ts#rhn6 Tsg*hncs hl SS"lch ;'B"B( <. C*.E nbbsl dsn Ch)hdbcsh: du)+ un lung s hgsu ch bs h sc lh Rb0h% undc s"h 2+cu *c0h*ch )*sn sc*/slss0ul s+u% h 2bs nu0s dc Nc*b *cgc hl H*0cnscs: <l <n/sngc )c #blbgcscs% *cgclc )+*3slb*% )c Ts*s"dh cs% cbnduc+ b*ul h*shcsSlb*% 4s )c Mbnbbh.bs% *cgclc hdshbcnUb*% *h <ndu"s ch 4s cu0 s"h* 2s 2bs sclh/s: c0s Thcs % Hnhlc, @S#% &9: @#% &&. &B( ... c scurt shh6 C2. hdhgsul lus Hs)bc*h c% *c2c*s b* lh h* h /sndcc+*ss% cunbscu sub 2b*0h sh lh snchsc+? >H*s lbngh% /s h b*c/ss" ;H2b*.% SE. Cs*culh3sh cch 0hs lh*g+ <ns+ s"h dh "b Scncch ;Dc !rc sthtc sthc, S% &E? >lslh 0hCs0s 0cds"cb*u0 cCclh0h sb cs % #s h0 b*c/c0 cssc% lbngh0 h* c0." &A& Jtssn cu !un sntcnsc6 C2. I*.% @S@. &A7 Jtssn thr crcscr, nc!unsc du!l6 Scn sn3+ bh.h h )c un /cchs )*b/c*b <n*cgss *h dc Cb**chs? >Lh cscncsh cs lbcu*h% ss bucn scsb nb lh cu*h" ; ssn3h c s0sn chl+% c*csc* bun dhc+ n"b s)hl+"E% *c2b*0ulh dc G*hcs1n% )*sn *"un )*bccdcu 2*cc/cn 4s ch*hc c*ss sc. &5 Schs"!3s kclul dc h lucrh6 C2. Cr., @S@: CrsL, 5.

245
&8. S*r#usn 4s "sncr %. Nu cCss + c0sncn3+ 2+*+ h0<ndbu+% dh* c<nd cbnluc*ch.+% )*ssbssn3+. Mhs 0ul bb3snc b 0cdsbc*s h c cu s<*gusn3+ dcc< b su)c*sb*s h c 2+*+. Rc)u h3sh sc cu0)+*+ cu )*c3ul 0uncss? )u3sn /hlb*ch.+ ccch cc cbs + )u3sn. Chsh* <n cclc dsn <s sluDbc% lh unss h* 2s 2bs dc db*s s<*gusn3+: *h*cb*s <3s cbn *h.scs 2s*ch. C+ nu c4 s c0sncn <n *"b sluDb+ dc *<nd )cn *u c+ /*cs s+ 2ss 0cdsbc*u <n cch subls0+ h*c d*c) scu.+ nbblc3ch% dh* h c 0ul3u0s s+ 2ss 0cdsbc*u <n cch dc *<nd c<nd hs )u ch 2s cCcclcn <n )*s0h nu h*c nscs unh. Khc% h4hdh*% *cbusn3+% nh u*h 4s h* h% )ccc c )unc s<*gusn3+. &'. Nu p!rns cu spcrhn c-ccss %. Rcs *s4 c bbs4nus + h b cc"h 2bs 2bh* c l+udh <nhsn c% h nu hDungc )c u*0+ lh )*ch0ul ul sdchlulus? *chlul n"h )u u cghlh nscsbdh + s0hgsnh*ul% dcbh*ccc c u4b* s+"3s <nchs)us dcs+/<*4s*slc% dh* 2bh* c g*cu s+ lc dbb<ndc4 s. S0hgsnh3sh sc c+s+ b*c4 c cu db*ul 4s .+0sslc4 c b dchunh 0ul 0hs 0ul dcc< s<n luc*u*slc. B*sc< h* 2s cCccl+*slc dc 0h*s. clc n"hDung s+ sh u*c sdcch 4s% <n *uc< b g+scsc h0+gs + dc h4 c) h*ch cCccss/+% 0hs dcg*hb+ b dc.h0+gcsc dcc< b us0csc. S)c*hn3h c b 0h*c chl)u.hn+ h hdc/+*ulus: b <n2*<nch.+ cu0sn3cnsh% c+u <nd ch dcs2+ h*ch s+ 2sc su)c*sbh*+ db*sn3cs. Unclc <ncc)u u*s dc *c)u h3sc sluDcsc lh *c.s*ch cu*sb.s +3ss% nscsdccu0 lh gh*hn h*ch bbscc ulus cs. Mhs bsnc scsc c<nd *chls h ch <n *ccc sdcch% 2ssnd 0hs 0ul dcc< s"h c*c.u . Hcchs + *cgul+ nu sc h)lsc+ <n ch.ul *+ulus% dcbh*ccc <ns+4s cChgc*h*ch <l hDu +: b dc.0sn c cu h)lhu.c% 4s hDungc s+ )h*+ blc*hbsl+ chsh* cul0ch 0<*4+/scs dc ch*c c"hs c0u . 79. B" *n chcul su. Sn4ss dc b *h*+ c0sncn3+ dc)snd dc /*c0u*s. Nu b3s hu h/u "b )c cch 0c*s h +% 4s 0ul3s% dc4s hu h/u "b% n"hu *cu4s s+ )*b2s c dc ch. Unss hu 2bs /*cdnscs dc un /chc 0hs bun% c+cs nu b cc c bun *su02+ b dchunh: luc*u*slc <4s hu /*c0ch lb*% )<n+ 4s c0sncn3clc s<n du)+ 0bd+. <n3clc)csunch h*c <ns+ un h/hn hD% c+ c /c4nsc+% 4s dhc+ hccs h nu"s /chcul cs% 0ul c hl clc /b* 2s. 7&. Hrt dc h ks n!r!c!s%. CCss + *cguls hlc 4hnscs% c+cs )cn *u <n3clc) % ch nu c dbh* <n <0)lh*c: )bh c 2s hDu h + dc dsb+csc. Unss
&8 S*r#usn 4s "sncr 6 C2. Cr., #S% S@. >Msnc*/+" h*c hscs scnsul dc ch)hcs h c sn clcc uhl+ 4s 0b*hl+% c2. Dssc., S. &'M Nu p!"s cu spcrhn c-ccss 6 C2. Cr., @#S: Br., &8B% 7&A. 7&& Hrt dc ks n!r!c!s6 C2. Dssc.% @@SSS: G*.%6&%A(% &'6%78B.
246 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS

247
sc 0ul3u0csc s+ sc )bs c.c <nc*c.+ b*s lh )b*3slc Kb* uncs 4s h4 ch) + ch ch s+ luc*c.c: hl3ss% 0hs bsnc? *cc dsncblb 4s *ccu*g lh cu c.hn3h cu0sn c% ch*c% )c h*s)slc /s* u3ss 4s cu*hDulus cs% )bh c )*sndc dsn u*0+ nb*bcul 4s"& )bh c 0+guls cu 2blbs. Dh*% 2slb".b2<nd bsnc% nu"s hl 0sDlbc dcc< ccl hl /s* u3ss 4s"hl h cn3scs% )cn *u c+ nu cCss + 0hs 0ul nb*bc% nscs 0hs 0ul ncnb*bc dcc< )*udcn3+ shu s0)*udcn3+ 7. 77. B" cu hplhudh!slc cun!4tsnc%. Pl+cu h c*uds3sc cu* cnchsc+ c 0uns3sc )cn *u dsscc*n+ b*s? b 4 ssn3+ )*hc sc+ h b cc c cu*cn % 0hs 0ul <n scnsul cunbh4 c*ss% 0hs )u3sn <n ccl /ulgh*? s+ hs b cblcc3sc gus bhs+ dc g*+un3s dc sh*c <n /b*bc% dc 2slb s0sc <n 2h) c% 4s s+ 4 ss h lc 2blbss lh s0)% c+cs uncb*s s2h ul h sc4s 0hs bun <n *"b glu0+ dcc< <n ccl 0hs g*h/ 0hgss c*su. ssn3h cb0unschbsl+ lc"h 2bs 0hs dc 2blbs unb*h dcc< bh c cclc 4h) c7% b*sc< dc lsbc*hlc. 76. S nu hs nscs un sts#"ht%. Dhc+"nu"ul )c*2cc3sunss7. Pu3sns *+scsc h*+ b 0c chhn+% h < sub *h)b* 0b*hl% c< 4s nh u*hl% 4s )un )h s0+ )cn *u clc% dc4s lc"h* )u ch /sndcch lcsnc6. Cu0sn3cnsh cclb*lhl3s *cg*c + c+ uncb*s b subls0+ uns/c*shls h c dc <n.cs *+*s c sub0snh + dc un dc2cc 0sns0% 4s c dc"hDuns un nb* ch s+ ccls)sc.c un sbh*c <n *cg. S<n )c c hlc *c)u h3scs )c ch*c *chuh"/bsn3+ lc"hlcgc ch s+ sc lcgc dc clc. Su)*c0+ dsb+csc h* 2s s+
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7&: prudcn shu s"prudcn6 #c.s 0hs sus. Dssc, #% ). % nb h &A(. C2. 4s H*ss" b cl. P!lstsch. 5. &? >H < h nb*bc <s *c/snc 2scc+*ush% c< + )*udcn3+ shu /s* u c". 77 B" cu hplhudh!slc cun!4tsnc6 C2. Cr.. SSS? Dssc% #. 77? t!htc cclc 4hptc6 Sc *c2c*+ lh cclc 4h) c h* c lsbc*hlc s udsh c <n uns/c*ss +3slc C/ulus Mcdsu 4s ch*c )u chu 2s <nsu4s c 2+*+ h c <nDbss% s)*c dcbscbs*c dc cclc 0cchnscc shu 0hnuhlc. Clc c*hu b*dbnh c <n dbu+ csclu*s? trsssu" ;g*h0h sch% *c b*sch 4s dshlcc schE 4s Auhdrssu" ;h*s 0c sch% 0u.sch% gcb0c *sh 4s hs *bnb0shE. 76 S nu hs nscs un sts#"ht6 Cr., #S: Crst., SS. &&. 767 Dhc3nu3ul pcrkccsunss6 <n b*sgsnhl% >Cl ssnb dc lh )c*2cccsbn". P*b)b.s3sc cls) sc+% scnsul 2ssnd c+ b*scc )c*2cc3sunc h*c un >dhc+" shu un >dhc+ nu"% hdsc+ h*c un s sg0h . 76")Ns phts" pcntru clc6 Mb s/ dc./bl h <n Dssc, @#S 4s @@. 76( rcstrs4tch nhturhl6 Du)+ Suc bnsus% !scs%c *"prhsl!r, >Sulsus"% (B% 4s Chs sglsbnc% SS C!rtc#shn!, :, (9. Cc.h* )u* h cununh dc lhu*s ch s+"4s hscund+ chclsh. Tb bdh + Cc.h* sc *c0h*ch )*sn )*c.cn3h sh dc s)s*s % ch*c"s )c*0s ch s+ <n bh*c+ <n 2h/bh*ch sh nc4hnsclc. #c.s% dc )sld+. Hsc, @#SS? >Cc.h*% <n H2*sch% s+*snd dsn bh*c+% sc <0)scdsc+ 4s c+.u% dh* nu0hsdcc< cb*cc + )*c/cs s*ch% .sc<nd? Tcnc! tc Hkrsch. N"h0 c+.u % cs c"h0 luh <n s +)<ns*c. H 2+cu un cchs/bc <n *c c+dc*c 4s <0b*+3s4h*ch )+0<n ulus."
7(. Tc"pcrch03s s"h#snhsh. Uncb*s s *unsnd"b% hl cb*s hDu" <nd"b% c+cs c b ul )cn *u 2c*scs*c% 4s hDus <nd"b& 4s cu0sn3cnsh. Dc/snc s*hn+? nu sc 0hs 0ul3u0c4 c cu s)cculh3sh% cs *ccc lh 2h) c% 4s chsh* bbs4nusc4 c h )unc s +)<ns*c )c /sh3+% 2+c<nd"b )l+cu + shu h)+s+ bh*c% du)+ nc*b.sh cc"s c+4un+% )cn *u c+ nc 2hcc nc0ul3u0s3s shu <nc<n h3s dc nbs <n4snc7. Unb*h lc <n2+3s4ch.+ nccbn cns chsnu*s% )*c2+c<ndu"sc <n c+l+u db0cs sc hl )*b4 slb*: hl b*h lc )*b)unc nb*bcs*s 4s h/cn u*s cu 2*s/bl+ <n2u0u*h*c. Sh + c< c )bh c% dhc+ n"b <n2*<nch.+ )*ch)*udcn ul bun"ss036. 7B. Bun prsccpt!r. ssn3h dc h cugc h c*h h* + h h* clb*: hcu0 nu 0hs hDungc? *cbusc s+ ghscc4 s% 4s 0hs hlcs <n dc.h0+gs*s. Nu )bh c 2s )*scc)u csnc nu"s bun )*scc)+ b*. CCss + clh*/+.+ b*s hs sns0ss 4s lsnc4s hs sn cn3sslb*. Hdc/+*u*slc ch*c nc sn c*csch.+ ccl 0hs 0ul nc /sn 0c*cu *bs s c )c Du0+ h c? h cn ul ch + h lc )*s0s cu )*scc)c*ch <n *chg+? dhc+ 2h/b*hbslc% s *<ng<nd h+3u*slc c*cduls +3ss: dhc+ bdsbhsc% d<ndu"s )sn cns. 7A. Gsc4tc3s ksccrush 4uru!ul%. C h* h dc"h 0s4ch /bsn3c. Cbns + 0hs 0ul <n dsb+csc dcc< <n hb +*<*c? b 4 ssn3+ )*sn ch*c s+ )+ *un.s <n 2scch*c7. Nu c /bsn3+ 2+*+ )h s0+ s)ccshl+? 4s ds2c*s c% du)+ /h*sc h ch gus u*slb*. Tb3s s<n sdblh *s% unss hs cbnssdc*h3scs% hl3ss hs sn c*csulus% sh* ccs 0hs 0ul3s hs )l+cc*ss. s*c lscul c dc h cunbh4 c hcc4 s sdbls )cn *u 0b s/h*c% cunbsc<ndu"s 2scc+*ush s0)ulsul c2scscn ? c ch 4s cu0 hs h/ch chcsh /*c*ss cclb*lhl3s. T*cbusc s+ 0c*gs lh 0b b*ul )*s0. ch*c nu"s b dchunh ccl su)*c0: ccl 0hs hdcsch c ccl 0hs dc Dbs% 2ssndc+ )c lu0c s<n 0hs nu0c*b4s
7( h7ust*nd3!...6 <n b*sgsnhl% )*b)b.s3sc ds2scsl dc <n3clcs dsn chu.h su)*s0+*ss )*bnu0clus cb0)lc0cn ds*cc ? >! hun HOP hDus h lh cb*du*h"% hccs h 2ssnd )*bbhbsl lh. cu hn cccdcn >s0hgsnh3sh". #c.s RN"BM% ). B5% nb h (% 4s BP"BG.BC% ). 658. 7(7 ...*nc*nths dc n!s *n4snc6 C2. Scncch% Scrss!rs, S@% 79? >Mssc* cs Fus sc nbn bch ssss0u0 sudsch " ;>Csnc nu sc sbcb c4 c un b0 2c*scs cs c un nc2c*scs "% cd. cs .% )). 7&"77E. 7(" !un3ss"6 <n b*sgsnhl% >ssndc*csss"% /c.s Br., 'A"&. C2. Crst., SS% '% 4s Sgnhcsb dc Lb!blh. C-crcsss, 6&(. 7B Bun prsccpt!r6 #c.s Dssc, #SSS. nb h 5(: c2. Br., 7&9% 77B. 7A 4uru!ul6 <n b*sgsnhl% >cl b*ccdb*"% sns *u0cn dc b* u*+% 2blbss )cn *u h s0ulgc 0+* u*sss*s% dcnu0c4 c hscs )unc ul slhb shu% 0hs cChc % sl+bscsunch db0snhn +. 7A7 s ptrun0s *n kscchrc6 CS. Cr., SS? >C b unh s+"s dcscb)c*s unus b+*bh h2cc ul 4s s+"s dcschs.s b )b* s3+ s)*c 2b* +*ch3h ch)hcs +3ss shlc."
7(8
dc.b*dbnh3ss dcc< b*dbnh3ss. T*cbusc s+"s )*c/ss 0hs <n <s 2s*ch% s+"s h sngs h)bs 0hnsh% s+ h hcs cu )h s0h% ch*c /h dh ncg*c4s 0h lsbc*ul h*bs *u. 75. Prckcr c-tcnssunss sntcnssunch%. Pc*2cc3sunch nu s + <n chn s h c% cs <n chls h c. Tb cc c 2bh* c bun h 2bs b dchunh )u3sn 4s *h*? 0ul ul c dssc*cds h*c. Chsh* )*sn *c bh0cns% u*sh4ss s<n dc bbsccs hdc/+*h3ss )s scs. Unss )*c3uscsc c+*3slc du)+ 0hss/s h ch lb*% ch 4s cu0 h* 2s sc*ssc ch s+ cCc*cs c 0hs dcg*hb+ b*h3clc dcc< sngcnsb.s +3slc. CC cnssunch ssngu*+ n"h )u u dc)+4s nscsc<nd 0cdsbc*s h ch 4s c 2lhgcl hl bh0cnslb* uns/c*shls% dc bsnc cc sc /b* )cs c b % nu"s nsc+sc*s 7. Sn cnssunch cbn2c*+ c0sncn3+% 4s <nc+ c*bsc+% dhc+ <n 0h c*sc subls0+. 78" *n ns"sc ul#hr%. Nu <n gus . B% 0h*c <n3clc) 7 ccl cc sc ncc+Dch c+ 2h) clc shlc c*hu )c )lhcul cclb* 0ul3sQ <0busb+*s cu h)lhu.c dc *<nd nu"s 0ul3u0csc )c dsscc*n+ b*s. S<n unss ch0clcbns 6 hs )b)ulh*s +3ss <n *"h < h% <nc< nu"4s h2l+ sh ss2hc3sh <n hdsc*slc )*chsuh/c hlc lus H)blb% cs dbh* <n su2lh*ch /ulgh*+. Nscs <n sn clcc ? nu )*c2c*h 0s*hcblclc /ulgulus% c+cs nu"s hl cc/h dcc< s)c*sc b*s )cn *u sgnb*hn3s% us0snd ncghsbbsh bb4 chsc+% )c c<nd luh*ch"h0sn c ssngulh*+ b dc.h0+gcsc. 7'. B" sntc#ru. Pu*u*s dc )h* ch *h3sunss% cu h < h d<*.cnsc <n g<nd% <nc< nscs )h s0h /ulgulus% nscs sslnscsh s*hnsc+ s+ nu"& bblsgc /*cbdh + s+"nchlcc hb h*ul *h3sunss. Dh* csnc b 2s bh*c hccs 2cnsC hl nc)+* sns*ssO C+cs sn cg*s h ch h*c )u3sns hdc)3s. Mul3s b *sdsc+"n slh/+% dh* nu lh cs hchs+ &: hl3ss b u*0ch.+ )<n+ lh )c*scbl? <n 2h3h lus% )*c2+cu3ss b +g+duscsc% )bls scscnss b dbscsc. Ch nu c.s + s+
75... sntcnssunch... C2. Br., &9B. 757... nu3s nscscrs6 C2. Scncch% Scrss!rs, SS? >Csnc cs c )*c u sndcns nu cs c nsc+sc*s" ;cd. cs .% ). (E: Mh*3shl% Cps#rh"c, #SS% 56% A? >FussFuss ubsFuc hhbs h . MhCs0c% nusFuh0 hhbs h " ;>Csnc lbcusc4 c )*c u sndcns% MhCs0us% nu lbcusc4 c nsc+sc*s"E. 78 *n ns"sc ul#hr6 C2. Cr., #: Br., 79A% 7(B. 787 "hrc *nclcpt6 C2. Scncch% Scrss!rs, @@S@? >Nscsbdh + n"h0 /*bs s+ 2su )c )lhcul 0ul3s0ss% c+cs cc cunbsc cu% 0ul3s0ch nu )*c3usc4 c 4s cc )*c3usc4 c 0ul3s0ch% cu nu cunbsc" ;cd. cs .% ). 58E. 786 ch"clc!ns6 Du)+ b c*cdsn3+ *hns0ss+ <nc+ dsn Hn schs h c% sc cbnssdc*h c+ h*hnh cCcluss/+ h ch0clcbnslb* h* 2s hc*ul% *c)*c.cn h
hscs dc >su2lh*ch h)lhu.clb*" /ulgh*c. 7' dh* nu lh cs hchs6 C2. )*b/c*bul culcs dc Mh*chs.ul dc Shn sllhnh? >Jus" scsh% 0hs nb )b* nucs *h chsh" ;>D*c) h c% dh* nu lh nbs hchs+"E. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 7('
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7'" h!strh#6 Ch c*0cn chnsc <n 2slb.b2sh scblhs sc+% h!strhh! <nsc0nh >h s hbsls dss snc3ss". 7'6 dsss"ulhrc... trdhrc6 Cbn *h* cb*scs dsss0ul+*ss% 2undh0cn hl+ <n hc sch 4s s *h cgsh b0ulus bh*bc% sh + b )c*s)cc s/+ c sc+ 0hCs0hlss +% cu0 dc hl 2cl cs c cch )*b)us+ <n b hccs h2b*ss0. :2 ... cs prs"ss6 Hdsc+ cs hu 2bs ccs dsn <s ch*c hu )+*+ss hdc/+*ul. 69 ...!cuphss dsscrcdsthtc6 C2. Dssc., @% @#S% @@. 69" p!sturh dc *nclcpt6 C2. Scncch% Scrss!rs,6 >S+ lu+0 sch0h ch 0sDlbhcclc )*sn ch*c /*c0 s+ nc c<4 sg+0 hd0s*h3sh s+ nu 2sc *sdscblc 4s dc ncsu2c*s " ;cd. cs .% ). &9E. 6&& Cun!h4tc3spc kcrscss...6 Ct I*.%@: Br., A(% &A6% 7B(. Scn sn3h hcchs h <4s h*c s./b*ul <n Luchnus% P!hrshlsh, #SSS% (85? >c cblc 2clsccs% 0ssc*bs 2ugc". Luchnus h *sbusc 2*h.h lus Pb snus% du40hnul csnsc 4s )c*2sd hl lus Pb0)csus% )c c<nd Plu h*h $Dscsphrhlclc, >Pb0)csus"% 55E s"b h *sbusc *c b*ulus Tcbdb bs dsn Chsbs. G*h"cs1n b )*csh% dh* sc )h*c c+ )*sn kcrscss $hk!rtunhd!s) <s <n3clcgc )c prudcns, sh* )*sn ncn!r!cs, )c pr!4ts. C2.% <n hccs scns% G. Bb c*b% Dctts, 2bl. ' /.? >K*h lc cbsc hllc Fuhls Khub0b dc/c 0s*h* 0bl b% lunh ss c ss guh*dh*ss s h* lbn hnb ds un hub0b s2b* unh b... )c*chc ss cb0c lh *bgnh c lc /h*blc sh hchnb h chs shcbs h% cbss lh dssg*h sh sh))sglsh hl cb0)hgnb. Hllsncbn *b% chs /ubl hh/c*c /cn u*h. dc/c cbn hub0sns h/cn u*h3s hccb0)hgnh*ss% )c*chc Fucs s lh lb*b bubnh 2b* unh 1 s cb0")hgns cb00unschc*hnnb." Plhsh <n )c*s)cc s/h 2slb.b2scs 0undhnc )c ch*c G*h"cs+n b cbds2sc+ <n b)c*clc shlc% b)b* unss0ul 0clsb*ss cb*c s.h hscs c 0hs )u3sn 4bchn dcc< )*s/s dsn unghsul unus b0 hl bssc*scss% dc4s% ch sc.us % G*hcs1n sc ss uh <n *"un )unc <n ch*c cclc dbu+ )c*s)cc s/c sc )u chu <0bsnh. 7B9 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNTCS
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6&: *nclcpsl!r 4s prudcnsl!r6 C2. Br., 7&. 67 13tc cun!scut ch scnsh!sl6 C2. Br., B% &85% &8'% 7B7. 677 !pu4s ds sncs c!"unsch!slsts6 Cu hl c cu/sn c% b)u4s )*bccsulus )*sn ch*c ds/sns h ch cb0unsc+ cu b0ul% s sc h*h +% hcb*d<ndu"s bsnc2hcc*slc shlc ;RN"BM% ). 56. nb h 8E. C2. Cscc*b. Dcnhturh dc!ru", SS. @@#% A(? >Su))s c*... Lb) u0us 0hCu0usM c Fusdc0 hn c Lb) u0usM% sd cs bcnc2scscn ssss0us. Fuh0 0hCu0us" ;..Su)s c* <nsu4s... Lccl 2bh* c bun 4s 2bh* c 0h*cM% !ptu"us. hdsc+ k!hrtc !snckct!r, /cnsnd <nhsn c dc k!hrtc "hrc". 66 *n h s h!strh#s6 C2. Dssc, SS: Br., 7B7. = #c*bul s). h!strhcr, h hbs *hgc% h*c hscs scnsul dc h sc)h*h 4s h l+sh dcb)h* c% c2. Dssc, @S@? >cch 0hs 0h*c *cgul+ h /sc3ss c h 4 s s+ hbs *hgs". 6( rclsckul rc#c6 C2. Cr6, ': Br., 8'% &A&% 77B% 768. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 7B&
4s s)b*c4 c"s u.ul: lh unss )*ssbsc4 c Dudcch h% lh hl3ss cu*hDul. Ccs 0hs 0ul3s <4s /sblcn ch.+ ch)hcs h ch% 4s hs 2cl% <n ns0sc nu dbb<n"dcsc su)c*sb*s h ch? cc 0+gulc4 c )hssunch 0hs dc/*c0c% dc.h0+gc4 c 0hs <*.su
s0)ul. 6B. 13s ! prcrc. s 0hs hlcs dcs)*c cc cs c 0hs hlcs. Kssndc+ nu g<ndcsc% sc )sc*d b3s )*b4 ss? nu Dudcc+ nscsbdh + luc*u*slc nscs )c Du0+ h c 4s% cu0 nu )*scc) )hgubh shu 2blbsul% nscs nu h)lsc+ s *+dusn3h. Khc unss 0ul ch. dc ccch cc h*c )u3sn+ s0)b* hn3+ 4s )u3sn dc cc h*c 0ul +% cu0)+nsnd 0c*cu )c dbs. Mul3s% ch unss ls)ss3s dc ss03s*c% n"b )sc*d. S<n luc*u*s cc h* *cbus bbsc*/h c cu bh + sslsn3h 4s )+s *h c <n hd<ncul 0sn3ss. <n3clc) ul <4s 2hcc )+*c*ch dcs)*c bh c% dc4s cu bscbs*c sh)+ undc"s hd<ncs0c 4s dubsu 4s undc c*cdc uncb*s c+ c 0hs 0ul dcc< c*cdc: h4h hDungc *c2lcc3sh undc n"h hDuns )c*cc)3sh. 6A. Punc3s lh *nccrchrc sbh* h&? ch s+ hc3sbnc.s% ch s+ c hnghDc.s. Cbn ch.+ 0hs 0ul dcc< bbsc*/h*ch c0)c*h0cn ulus% c+cs dhc+ )*bs c csnc <l chch0+ )c Hs)bc*h lh )h *u.ccs dc hns )cn *u s+n+ h c% 4s 0hs 4s csnc )c Scncch )cn *u cu0sn3cnsc7. Mh*c h* + h 4 s s"b cbnducs% c<nd h4 c) <nd"b% c+cs 4s *+bdh*ch sn *+"hscs. c<nd )*sn.<nd"b% c+cs h*c sb*bc 4s lbc? dc4s 2clul nu s"& )b3s su*)*sndc% h < <s c dc hnb*0hl+ cb0)b* h*ch. Csnc h /+.u "b bsnc/bs bh*c s+ 0ch*g+ 0hs dc)h* c cu"nd*+.nchl+6% c+cs ch bbs4nusc4 c s+ sc <nh0b*c.c dc cu c.+ b*s 4s chsh*% ch b cbchc +% dc snc*s(. Csnc c ncnb*bcbs s+ nu s +*usc% s+ sc *c *hg+% s+ nu"s dch )*slcDul h dbu+ ncnb*scs*s. Pc*sc/c*c.c csnc b db0sn+. 65. Cun!h4tc s#cslc% 4s3n h s lc k!l!sc4ts. C )unc ul ccl 0hs sub sl hl *clh3sslb* dsn *c bh0cns. S<n h*unch c )cn *u ss)s s*ch
6A Punc3s lh *nccrchrc s!hrth6 C2. Cr., @% @S: Br., 68. 6A7.. .pcntru cu"sncnsc6 C2. Thcs % Hnhlc, #S% (A? >HTsbc*suP bbs4nush s+"4s bh + Dbc dc h* h dbc b*slb* 4s dc ccs cc du)+ *cs.ccs dc hns 0hs h/chu nc/bsc dc s2h u*slc hl b*h )cn *u h cunbh4 c cc lc c*h /+ +0+ b* shu 2blbss b*" ; *hd. dc C. Lb/sncscuE. 6A6 ...cu3ndr0nchl6 C2. #s*gslsu. Cncsdh. @% 78(: Scncch. Scrss!rs. @CS#% 78? >Hudcn cs 2b* unh su/h " ;>Nb*bcul hDu + )c ccs cc" nd*+.ncsc". cd. cs .% ). 6(&E: 4s )*b/c*bul cbnsc0nh dc Juhn dc Mhl Lh*h? >Hl hb0b*c bshdb lh 2b* unh lc dh lh 0hnb" ;>B0ulus <nd*+.nc3 <s d+ sbh* h ghcs"E. 6A( s+ sc *nh"!rc0c... dc tsncrs6 <n Cr., @S. G*hcs1n <s h *sbusc 0h*chs.ulus dc Mh*sgnhnb s)ush c+ sbh* h <s subc4 c )c snc*s% /c.s nb h A7. 65 s#cslc6 <n b*sgsnhl% >/h*sllhs"% snssnu+*s sn cn3sbnh c: 0b s/ul /h 2s *cluh <n Crst., SS% &&. C2. 4s )*b/c*bul lh sncsc? >P*c/ssus hn c 0bllsb* sc us" ;>Dhc+ c )*c/+.u +% lb/s u*h c 0hs bl<nd+"E. 7B7 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS
cugc clb* 4s cu clc sc <n *c)*sndc cch 0hs dsss0ulh + 4s 0hs )+ *un.+ bh*c )*bbh*c h sns0ss. S<n hl clc *+u +csbhsc% u4b* dc h*unch % h snsc dc bu*ushnh sn/sdscs% unsc cu /cnsnul )h s0ss% *+snc c s0)c*cc) sbslc% ch s+ c su*)c dsn /<*2ul ss0)h scs 4s"hl cbnssdc*h3scs. Mul3s hu c+.u dsn 2h/bh*ch su)c*sbh*+ 4s sn2c*sbh*+ /ulnc*h3s dc b h h*c /b*b+ nc<nsc0nh +% sn4s c+*b*h b"n *chg+ uncl s*c dc 0u*0u*h*c gcnc*hl+ 4s dc *+u h c )c*sbnhl+ nu s.bu ssc h lc )*scsnus nscs ccl 0hs u4b* .d*uncsn. Hl clc% ds0)b *s/+% hc3sbnch.+ ch 2h/b*hbslc% s)*sDsnsndu" c 4s cbn2s*0<ndu" c <n *c)u h3sc. Dh* cu hccch4s dsb+csc cu ch*c lc h*unc+ sn cn3sh ch + h lc )*s0s )*cchu3sh 4s h lc h4 c) h h cn3sh% dcbh*ccc h)+*h*ch c <n c0csh + )c cunbh4 c*c% sh* lb/s u*h )*c/+.u + c b dchunh .+d+*nscs +. 68. *n h s tc rctrh#s c*nd s!hrth s3c c*4ts#t!hrc%. <n bc0hs Duc+ b*slb* cC)c*3s. Lh 2cl dc <nsc0nh + c b *c *hgc*c 2*u0bhs+ ch 4s un h hc /s cDcsc% b )unc*c lh hd+)bs h ss)*+/slb* 0+*c3c% dc"h* 2s dcs ulc% dc"h* 2s 0ul c. Nb*bcul nccu*0h h 2bs 0c*cu sus)cc ? 0hs ssgu* c ccl sn c*)blh 4s bh*ccu0 hc*u"dulcc c<nd <l sh/u*c.s. Nb*bhcclc% cu c< sc buluccsc 0hs 0ul % cu"h < *ssc+ 0hs 0ul s"hlunccc 4s s+ dch b ul dc *<)+. C *ccb0)cnsh + uncb*s scu* h du*h + h hh <*ulus dc sn cnss h ch lus. Sbh* h bs cnc4 c s+ c b duc+"n c<*c+. 6'. Cun!h4tc lucrurslc3n hp!#cul 4s lh ts"pul l!r, 4s3n h s lc k!l!sc4ts %. B)c*clc nh u*ss hDung bh c <n )lcns udsnch dcs+/<*4s*ss lb*? )<n+"hcblb hu c<4 sgh % h)bs <ncc) s+ )sh*d+. Dsn hlc h* cs% )u3snc s<n cclc cc" hDung s+ nu 0hs )bh + 2s h0clsb*h c. Cs c c0sncn3+ dc bun"gus sh/u*h*ch 2scc+*us luc*u <n )lcns udsnch sh: nu b3s )b 4s nu b3s ch*c )b 4 su. P<n+ 4s"n *bhdclc 0sn3ss cs c b cls)+ h cbhcc*ss: c s0)b* hn s+ b cunb4 s <n /cdc*ch )*c3us*ss 4s cCc*cs +*ss. (9. Ss"phtsh !h"cnsl!r%. Mul c s+ dbb<ndc4 s sl+/s*ch gcnc*hl+% dh* 0hs 0ul subs*ch? 3snc cu0/h dc s ch% ccl 0hs 0ul dc
68 *n h s tc rctrh#s...? C2. Cr., @S: B*.% 6A% 7B5. 6'& Cun!h4tc lucrurslc...6 C2. Dssc., @#SS: Br., &% A%"769. (9 Ss"phtsh !h"cnsl!r6 C2. Cr., @SS: Crst., SS% (. H2b*ss0ul hccs h c unul dsn cclc 0hs ch*hc c*ss scc )cn *u 0bdul dc cbns *uc3sc bh*bc+ <nd*+gs dc G*hcs1n? bh c 2*h.clc s<n bh.h c )c )h*hlclss0c 4s )c *s0c sn c*sbh*c dss)usc bsnh*. Pc dc hl + )h* c% dc4s Hdbl)hc Cbs c* $Bhlthshr Grhcsn, cd. cs .% ). '7E sus3snc c+ cs c b s0s h3sc du)+ N. Kh*c ?LH!nncstc3H!""c, >Dc lh g*1cc nh u*cllc"E% cbncc) ul dc #rhdh dc lhs #cntcs 0hs 2uscsc u sls.h dc sc*ss b*s hn c*sb*s lus G*hcs1n % ch Hn bnsb Pc*c.% shu cbn c0)b*hns cu cl ;Guc/cdbE% /c.s HH"BG. BC% ). &A(h.

7B6
s *+dusn3+: <ncc)c cu hccch 4s cbn snu+ cu hcchs h. Nu hDungc c0sncn3h <n.cs *+*slb*% dc4s sc sub<n3clcgc% c+cs c u4b* s+ c<4 sgs h2cc ul du)+ cc hs c<4 sgh cbncc) ul. C nc/bsc% dh*% )cn *u bsnc"0c*s h*c% dc bsnc2hcc*c? s+ 2hcs bsnclc cu h0<ndbu+ 0<snslc% /b*bc bunc 4s 2h) c 4s 0hs bunc% s+ subc4 s ch s+ 2ss subs 7. Cu* cnsh c cch 0hs 0h*c /*hD+ )bls sc+ h 0h*slb* bh0cns. <n sndc 0<nh 0hs <n <s ss)*+/slb* 4s"hbsh )c u*0+ )cnclb* 6? dc lh b4 s*c lh b 4 s*c sc*ss+(% c+cs cCss + b ss0)h sc h sc*ss b*slb*% 4s c /c4nsc+. (&. Nu c-h#crh nscs!dht%. Mh*c )*cbcu)h*c h h cn3scs% s+ nu /b*bc4 s <n su)c*lh s/c% 2sc )cn *u h nu *ssch s+ b2cnsc.s hdc/+*ul% 2sc )cn *u h nu"3s s sg0h s.h cu0sn3cnsh. CChgc*+*slc s<n *sss)c hlc )*c3us*ss 4s sc0n dc
)u3sn+ h c h cunbh4 c*ss 4s gus ulus. Lhudh *c.c4 c /su cu*sb.s h ch% d+ )sn cns db*sn3cs% sh* h)bs% dhc+ /hlbh*ch nu cb*cs)undc )*c3us*ss% cu0 sc <n <0)s+ dc bbsccs% h4 c) h*ch sc"n bh*cc <0)b *s/h h0+gs*ss 4s sc dcs)+gubc4 c dss)*c3usnd bbscc ul lhudcs 4s )c clbgsh b*. Cu0sn clc )*bccdch.+% h4hdh*% 2bh* c 0+su*h 4s /*ch s+ )+c+ ushsc+ 0hs 0ul )*sn scu* s0c dcc< )*sn lungs0c. S<n *h*c c0sncn3clc? )*c3us*ch s+ sc c0)c*c.c. Lhudh cCccss/+ c l+s h* dc 0sncsun+ 4s"3s )sc*.s h4h *c)u h3sh dc bun"gus % ch*c c 0h*c% 4s )c cch dc )*scc)u % ch*c"s 4s 0hs 0h*c. (7. Dcsprc hsccndcntul ksrcsc%. C b )u c*c hsnsc+ h su)c*sb*s +3ss. Nu *cbusc s+ )u*cchd+ dsn *"un h* s2scsu su)+*+ b*% cs dsn *"b nh u*+ hu b*s h*+. Tb3s s sc su)un% 2+*+ h"4s dh sch0h cu0% *ccunbsc<nd /sgbh*ch hsnsc+ h hu b*s +3ss <nn+scu c. Hcc4 sh% 2s*s db0snh bh*c% s<n *cgs )*sn 0c*s 4s lcs )*sn )*s/slcgsu nh s/% subDug<ndu"lc cclb*lhl3s sns0h 4s chsh* g<ndul% <n /s* u ch *cs)cc ulus lb*. Dhc+ <s 2h/b*s.ch.+ 4s cclclhl c <n.cs *+*s% s"hu n+scu )cn *u cclc dsn <s chu.c )bls scc% )cn *u c+ 2hc 0hs 0ul c"un gcs dcc< hl3ss cu b )lc b*+. (6. G*hdc4tc cu ccs pusns 4s !r!c4tc cu ccs "uls%. H /bs s+"nhsn c.s cbn *h cu*cn ulus cs c )c c< dc s0)bssbsl )cn *u dc."
(97 s+ su!c4ts ch s kss su!st6 #c.s Cr., @SS: C2. Scncch% Scrss!rs, S@? >Ss /ss h0h*s% h0h" ;>#*cs s+ 2ss subs % subc4 c"E% cd. cs .% ). &8. (96 ssprsl!r... pcncl!r6 #c.s Cr., @SS% nb h 5(. (9( !4tsrc... ! 4tsrc scrss6 Cchs/hl+0 Dbcul dc cu/sn c dsn b*sgsnhl? >dc lh hbDh h lhs hbDhs". #c.s 4s Crst., SS% &. (& Nu c-h#crh nscs!dht6 C2. Cr., #. (7 Dcsprc hsccndcntul ksrcsc6 C2. Cr., @S#: Dssc% SS: Br., &77% &87.
(6& ...cu ccs"uls6 C2. Dssc.% @K% Br., &79%&66%&6B%&(9%759%75B.

7B( BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS
h0+gs*c% )c"h < dc lcsnc )cn *u )c*scbl. Nu0hs Sbc*h c h* )u ch s"b 2hc+7. P+*c*ch cbn *h*+ c cbnssdc*h + Dsgns*c% )cn *u c+ <nsch0n+ cbndh0nh*ch Dudcc+3ss cclb*lhl3s: sc <n0ul3csc nc0ul3u0s3ss% 2sc dsn chu.h subscc ulus ccn.u*h % 2sc dsn chu.h% cclus ch*c"& h)lhudh. Hdc/+*ul c )cn *u )u3sns% h0+gs*ch c )c c< dc cb0un+% )c"h < dc /ulgh*+. <n3clc) ul nu *cbusc dcdus nscs du)+ cu/<n h*ch dsn )sh3+% dcbh*ccc hcblb nu /b*bc4 c cu glhsul s+u% cs cu hcclh hl )*bs scs bb4 c4 s% chsh* dhc+ sn c*sb*ul s+u b dc.0sn c. Cu0sn clc c/s + 4s s+ cbn *h.sc+% 4s s+ 2sc cbn *h.ss? )c c< c dc )*b0) lh c*s sc+% )c"h < c dc *c3snu s"b 2hc+ )ublsc+. B)snsh c lsbc*+% nu )bh c 4s nu *cbusc s+ 2sc /sblcn h +? sc *c *hgc <n shnc uh*ul +cc*ss shlc 4s% dhc+ uncb*s sc 0hns2cs +% b 2hcc sub )*b cc3sh cclb* )u3sns 4s cu0sn3s. ((. Ss"phtsc cu "hrss !r!hs%. Cbncb*dh*ch cu c*bss c <n.cs *h*c dc c*bu )*sn hsn+ 4s 2blbs. CCss + <n*uds*s dc sns0s 4s 2s*s. 4s c2cc clc lb* s<n cclc )c ch*c sgnb*hn3h /ulgh*+ lc h *sbusc clsCs*clb*. Nu sc b)*c4 c dbh* lh )*c3us*c% cs hn scs)+ bun+/bsn3h 4s hDungc chsh* lh <nclsnh3sc: cbn/sngc 2+*+ cu/sn c 4s bb3snc 2+*+ 0c*s c. C hc s/+ 4s )hss/+7% 4s unh% 4s hl h cu h < 0hs 2c*scs c% cu c< 0hs subls0c. Mh*c dsb+csc s+ lc cunb4 s% s+ lc dss sngs 4s s+ 4 ss h lc dbb<nds. c+cs nu"s )c*sc/c*cn3+ dc hDuns 2+*+ hcchs + 2h/bh*c scc*c +. (B. S+ u0c0s, nu s h!u0c0s dc sclc4u#urs. Nu *cbusc s+ 2hcs )h*hd+ dc clc% nccu0 s+ lc dhs <n /slchg? b*scc h* + *cbusc hscuns+% c+cs c sus)cc +% 4s cu h < 0hs 0ul cch h 4s*c cnscs% ch*c
(6: Nu"hs S!crhtc...? Nscs chsh* Sbc*h c nu h s.bu s s+ <nbh c <0)b *s/h cu*cn ulus% dcbh*ccc% *c)*b4<ndu"s"sc /snh dc s0)sc h c 4s cb*u)c*c h snc*c ulus% h 2bs cbndh0nh lh 0bh* c cu b 0hDb*s h c 2snhl+ dc 6A& dc /b u*s% /c.s Dsbgcncs Lhc*" sbs. !p. cst.. SS% @#SS% 68"(7. cd. cs .% )). &A5"&A8. #c.s 4s RN"BM% ). 'B% nb h (. (( Ss"phtsc cu "hrss !r!hs6 C2. Cr., @#. ((? hcts 4s phss 6 <n *"b nb + h0)l+% Rb0c*h Nh/h**b ;RN"BM% ). '8% nb h &6E <ncch*c+ s+ clh*s2scc dss snc3sh dsn *c ss0)h sh hc s/+ 4s cch )hss/+% )c ch*c G*hcs+n nu b cC)lscs ch.+ nsc+sc*s% dc4s dsscu + dcs)*c h0<ndbu+ 4s <n Cr.. @#. Rc3snc0 cbnclu.sslc c*s sculus? C c/sdcn c+ G*hcs1n nu"4s <n c0csh.+ dss snc3sh )c ds2c*cn3sc*ch dsn *c hgcn ul ch*c )*bducc hc s/ ss0)h sh ;subscc ul ss0)h scE 4s ccl ch*c b )*s0c4 c )hss/ ;subscc ul ss0)h s.hn E. S<n )bssbslc dbu+ sn c*)*c +*s? &. ss0)h sh hc s/+ c cch ch*c g+sc4 c ccbu <n bDs ccslhl3s: )hss/+ c cch ch*c% dc4s subscc ul b )bscd+ nh s/% nu h*c b hsc0cnch c2schcs h c hsu)*h /bsn3clb*% 7. )hss/+ c ss0)h sh cc sc )*bducc sns snc s/% hc s/+ cs c cch ch*c c <nsb3s + dc hc3suns slus *c. C*s scul <nclsn+ c+ *c )*s0h sn c*)*c h*c. (B ... sclc4u#urs6 C2. B*.% 8(%&&B% 7'(. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 7BB
c bdsbhs+. H0+gs*ch c 0ul 2blbss +: s)b*chsc+ b+nushlh% dh* 2+*+ h sc 2hcc cunbscu +% c+cs h* )*slcDus nc<nc*cdc*ch? nc0ul3u0c4 c 0ul 4s"0)sngc lh *+.bunh*c% *c.c4 c *+ul )c ch*c nu 3s l"hs <nchs)us . Chsb.usn3+ <n cb0)b* h*c c dc 0h*c 2blbs <n luc*h*c? nu cCss + b 0hs <nsc0nh + )*cbcu)h*c h *h3sunss. Cch 0hs 0h*c )c*2cc3sunc h hc3sunslb* c gh*hn h + dc hu b*s h ch cu ch*c s<n s+/<*4s c. (A. C!rcctch03s hntsphtsh%. Bbs4nus0 s+ u*<0 g*h us % 4s chsh* <nhsn c dc"h sbcb s <n.cs *+*slc )*c/+.u c. s uncb*s% hcchs + /ulgh*s.h + h/c*ssunc <nn+scu + sc"ncu0c + 4s cbn *h b+*bh3slb* c0sncn3s. S+ b cb*cc c.c cu0sn3cnsh% c+cs nu c dssc*cds h*c 0hs *ch dcc< h"s dc cs h )c ccs 0hs buns? )c c< dc"n+l3+ bh*c c ss0)h sh cu c*bss% )c"h < c dc s sg0h s.hn + hn s)h sh. (5. 1u#s 8c hn#h7rs%. C unul dsn )*s0clc bbscc s/c hlc )*udcn3cs. Lh 0h*slc ch)hcs +3s s<n b dchunh 0h*s dss hn3c )<n+ lh ul s0clc *csu*sc: c 0ul dc 0c*s dc lh b cC *c0+ lh hl h."sh* cs s hu 0c*cu <n 0sDlbcul cu0sn3cnscs lb*? hDung <*.su lh *u) u*+% c+cs c 0hs u4b* s+ c sus *hgs uncs hnghD+*s dcc< s+ sc4s cu bsnc dsn ch. S<n ss)s c7 hlc Dudcc+3ss% 0hs ssgu* s+ 2ugs dc clc dcc< s+ lc"n/sngs. B hnghDh*c hducc hl h 0hs 0h*c 4s c 2bh* c h)*bh)c dc 2hls0cn . S<ns bh0cns )*b/bch b*s dsn 2s*c% shu chsh* )*sn nh3sc% gh h b*sc<nd s+ sc /<*c"n bblsgh3ss% dh* csnc u0bl+ <n lu0snh *h3sunss c b dchunh 2bh* c h cn lh <0)*cDu*h*c: cbnssdc*+ c+ c 0hs 0h*c cu*hDul dc"h nu c hnghDh dcc< dc"h <n/sngc 4s% chsh* dhc+ sc s/c4 c un )*bs )*b/bch b*% c/s + s+ 2sc% cu cl% dbs.
(8. B" cu hd"cs"s. t!t ht*tch hrc ch pcrs!hn%. Tb dchunh sn c*sb*ul *cbusc s+ 2sc <n b ul <nc+ )c"h < h c< cC c*sb*ul. S<n sn4s nu0hs dc 2h3hd+% ch ns4 c chsc ncss)*+/s c dsn ls)s+ dc 0sDlbhcc? hu sn *h*ch dc )hlh 4s dc cbcsbhb+ <nc+)c*slc. Lh cs n"hs cu0 *hgc% shu *hgs dc b % )cn *u c+% b dh + ss)*+/s )*s0ul shlu % s"h ss)*+/s 4s cbn/c*sh3sh. B )b*ncsc cu )*s0clc cu* cnss ch ns4 c chs sscslscns 7% dh*
(A C!rcctch037s hntsphtsh6 C2. Cr.. @#. (5 1u#s dc hn#h7rs6 C2. Br., 69% 77&% 78B? Crst., SS. 8. (5? S*nt sspstc6 Subscc ul hccs cs )*b)b.s3ss cs c >hnghD+*slc"% dsn c)sg*h2ul h2b*ss0ulus. (8& B" cu hd*ncs"s6 C2. Dssc, S% 4s Luc, &(% 78"7'. (87 chs sscslscns6 C*hu *cnu0s3s% ch 4s chss s hlscns <n gcnc*hl% )*sn hh*nh4h0cn" clc 4s h*0u*slc lb* 2hs ubhsc. 7BA
<nc*c0cncsc nu0hsdcc< ch ns4 c sslcn3sh*s6% c+cs /b*bclc schc+ undc nu"s )c*cns h c dc cbncc) c. Hcc4 sh lcsnc"s h0+gcsc )c hl3ss cc hu 4s /cdc*ch lh 2cl dc su)c*2scshl+% dh* nu h0+gcsc sscussn3h ch*c% )*s/snd )c dsn+un *u% <s g+sc4 c gbls3s% nu0hs buns dc 2hbul+( h dsscc*n+ b*slb*. ('. B" 7udscs!s 4s ptrun0t!r%. Db0sn+ cl luc*u*slc% nu luc*u*slc )c cl. Sbndch.+ )c lbc hd<ncul cclcs 0hs 0h*s )*b2un.s0s: 4 sc s+ 2hc+ )c*2cc hnh b0sh uncs ch)hcs +3s. Cu0 /cdc un )c*sbnhD% <l cu)*sndc 4s"& c*s sc+"n cscn3+. Cu bbsc*/h3ss ncbbs4nus c% 0h*c dcscs2*h b* hl cclcs 0hs hscunsc sn s0s +3s. Nb ch.+ *sgu*bs% cbncc)c sub sl% dcducc Dudscsbs? dcscb)c*+% *c0h*c+% su*)*sndc 4s cu)*sndc b ul. B9. Nu3s pscrdc nscs!dht rcspcctul dc ssnc%. Nu 2s )*ch 2h0s"Hh* nscs cu snc <nsu3s. $ns+4s sn cg*s h ch )*b)*sc s+"3s 2sc *cgul+ dc *cc s udsnc 4s 2ss 0hs <ndh b*h sc/c*s +3ss )*b)*scs hlc Dudcc+3s dcc< u u*b* )*sncs)sslb* cC *snsccs. Rcnun3+ s+ cb0s3s nccu/ssn3h 0hs 0ul dc ch0h cu0sn3cnscs hlc dcc< sub hs)*s0ch hu b*s +3ss hl ush. S+ hDungs h"3s 2s ch0+ dc snc <nsu3s% 4s nu /cs 0hs h/ch nc/bsc dc )*ccc) b*ul s0hgsnh* 7 hl lus Scncch. B&. B" hl !uncs hlc#crs%. Ccl 0hs 0ul % dsn ch *+sc4 s? )*csu)unc bunul"gus 4s Dudcch h cch 0hs d*ch) +% c+cs nu"s dc"hDuns nscs s *+dhnsh% nscs sngcnsb.s h ch. Nu cCss + )c*2cc3sunc 2+*+ clcc3sunc? h*c dbu+ h/hn hDc% c+ )b3s hlcgc% 4s cc"s 0hs bun. Mul3s cu sngcnsb.s h c 2ccund+ 4s sub sl+% cu Dudcch + *sgu*bhs+% s udsb4s 4s 4 su b*s dcb)b *s/+% c<nd hu dc hlcs% sc )sc*d: sc"nsb3csc 0c*cu cu cc"s 0hs *+u% dc )h*c+ h* <nd*+gs c*bh*ch% 4s hs 2cl% hccs h c unul dsn dh*u*slc 0hCs0c dc sus.
(86 sslcnshrs6 Dc *c0h*ch Dbcul dc cu/sn c? sscslshn!s3sslcncshrs!s. >Sslcn3sh*s" c*hu nu0s3s <n scc. hl @#H"lch ccs <ns+*csnh3s cu 0cn3snc*ch +cc*ss <n *"b cb0uns h c *clsgsbhs+% scnsul hc uhl hl cu/<n ulus 2ssnd hcclh dc > hcs u*ns". (8( nu"hs !uns dc kh!ul6 C2. Csb)% 1h!ulc, (6 ;>#ul)ch 4s 0hsch"E% cd. cs .% ).6A. ('& B" 7udscs!s 4s ptrun0t!r6 C2. Dssc% @K: Br.. (6. B9&... rcspcctul dc ssnc6 C2. 2s*.% @S#. B97 prcccpt!rul s"h#snhr6 Cs c /b*bh dc cbn4 ssn3h 2scc+*us b0% dcs)*c ch*c /b*bc4 c Scncch 4s s)unc? >#hs 4s h0h* dc snc dhc+ dss)*c3usc4 s )c hccs 0h* b*"% Scrss!rs, @LSSS% cd. cs .% ). &9B. B& B" hl !uncs hlc#crs6 C2. Dssc., @.

7B5
B7. Nu3s pscrdc nscs!dht cu"ptul%. Mh*c bbscc s/ hl cu0sn3cnscs% s+ nu"4s shs+ nscsbdh + dsn 2s*c? sc0n dc b0 dc)lsn% cu sns0+ <ncb*bnh +% 2ssndc+ b*scc 0hgnhns0s h c c g*cu dc ulbu*h . Phssunslc s<n u0b*slc cugc ulus% 4s b*scc cCccs hl lb* ducc lh <0bbln+/s*ch cu0sn3cnscs% sh* dhc+ *+ul *+.bh c )<n+ lh gu*+% /h )c*scls h *c)u h3sh. Kss% h4hdh*% h < dc s +)<n )c snc% 4s h < dc 0h*c% <nc< nscs <n cul0ch )*bs)c*s +3ss% nscs <n cul0ch hd/c*ss +3ss% ns0cns s+ nu"3s )bh + c*s sch ulbu*h*ch% cs s+"3s hd0s*c su)c*sb*s h ch. B6. Dsls#cnt 4s sntcls#cnt%. Dslsgcn h cCccu + su c ccch cc sn clsgcn3h g<ndc4 c <ndclung7. G*hbh c )h s0+ h )*b4 slb*% ch*c% nc/+.<nd hb)ul% hc3sbnch.+ 2+*+ luh*c"h0sn c. <n3clc)3ss% ds0)b *s/+% )+c+ uscsc dc bbsccs ch .+bh/nscs% c+cs luh*ch"h0sn c /snc dsn bbsc*/h*c. Snc2scscn h h0<n+*ss cb0)*b0s c uncb*s succcsul Dudcc+3ss. P*b0) s udsnch c 0h0h nb*bculus? 0ul h 2+) us csnc n"h l+sh ns0sc )c 0<snc. Hugus + dc/s.+? hlch*g+ <ncc . B(. 1ss !rh cu"sntc%. Pc lcul 0b* <l )+*uscsc 4s sc)u*ss7. Cu cu*hDul nu"s dc glu0s 6: dhc+ ccdch.+ )*s0h bh*+% /h *cbus s+ ccdc.c 4s"h dbuh% 4s b h4h )<n+ lh s2<*4s : 4s /h *cbus s+"n/sng+ hccch4s g*cu h c <*.su% c<nd 0hs bsnc"h* 2s 2bs )c lbc. B*h/u*h cugc ulus b"n *ccc )c cch h *u)ulus: c ch s)hdh% *cbusc s+ s ch )u*u*s <n chch cu0sn3cnscs shlc% gh h lh nc/bsc. C s *hDh )c*sbhncs? 0hs d+un+ bh*c c dcc+dc*ch cugc ulus dcc< cch h *u)ulus. Mul3s hu h/u <n.cs *+*s c0sncn c% dh*% ls)ssndu"lc <nd*+.nchlh hcchs h h sns0ss% hu )+*u 0b*3s 4s hu s2<*4s <n0b*0<n h3s <n dcl+sh*ch lb*? c+cs nu 2+*+ )*c/cdc*c nh u*h s+*s bh*c h"0bsnh lh hlbsn+ dulcch3h 0sc*ss cu hscu3s4ul hculus. <n *u) s<n 4s nc*/s% 4s bhsc? cugc ul s+ nu 2sc dbh* 0blscsunc.
B7 ...cu"ptul6 C2. Dssc% @S#: Br., 8% BB. B6 Dsls#cnt 4s sntcls#cnt6 C2. Dssc% @@S: Hsc., @@@. B6" #*ndc4tc *ndclun#6 C2. )*b/c*bul >Pcnsh* dcs)hcsb ! bb*h* h)*ssh" ;>G<ndc4 c <ncc 4s hc3sbnch.+ su c"E. B6" hlchr# *ncct6 <n lh .% >2cs snh lcn c"% scn sn3+ h *sbus + dc Suc bnsus lus Hugus us. B( 1ss !rh cu"sntc6 C2. Hsc, @L#SS: Crst., SS% 8: SSS% A. B( Pc lcul "!rt...6 #c.s P!l, nb h 57. B(6 Cu curh7ul nu3s dc #lu"st? #c.s .schlh )b)ulh*+ <n*cgss *h + dc Rbd*sguc. Mh*sn% >Nb hh! bu*lhs cbn cl h0b*"% ;>Cu d*hgbs ch nu"s dc glu0s "E% 2blbss + 4s dc Chldc*bn ch s lu hl uncsh dsn *c cb0cdsslc shlc. 7B8 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS
BB. B" hl r!drss%. Db/cdc4 c sns0+ 0h*c% cu s<nu*s dc )hcscn +. Nu c g*+bs 4s nu c )hssbnh nscsbdh +. Kss 0hs <n <s s +)<n )c snc <nsu3s 4s /cs 2s h)bs 4s hl cclb*lhl3s. T*cbusc s+ u0bls )*sn s)h3sslc s0)ulus )<n+ <n ccn *ul )*slcDulus. Z+bh/h )*udcn + )<*gusc4 c succcsclc 4s cbhcc hsnclc. C<*Dh s0)ulus c 0hs c2schcc dcc< 0+csuch ghsn us + h lus Hc*culc. Du0nc.cu <nsu4s nc )cdc)sc4 c nu cu bhs bnul% cs cu sb*bcul 7. Mh*c /b*b+? >Ts0)ul 4s cu 0snc% c< <nc+ dbs."6 Chsh* Kb* unh )*c0sh.+ h4 c) h*ch cu 0+*c3sh *+s)l+3ss. BA. Bunc s"pr! s0hss%. Nhsc dsn *"b 2c*scs + )*b0) s udsnc. Pcn *u ch% nu cCss + nscs hnhnghss% nscs <n <0)l+*s% g*h3sc /sbscsunss 4s dc.sn/bl u*ss shlc. Unss chsb.uscsc 0ul % ch )c u*0+ s+ *h c.c b ul% sh* hl b*h lc *cu4c4 c b ul% 2+*+ h 2s chsb.us <nhsn c. S<n ch)hcs +3s hn s)c*ss h scc 7 ch*c% <ncbl3s c% hc3sbnch.+ 0hs bsnc: bbs4nuscsc s+ 2sc 0bn4 *s c+*b*h% c<nd s0)*b/s.ch.+% lc *cu4c4 c b ul% dh* ch*c% )*c0cds <nd% *h ch.+ b ul? cc nu lc /snc"n 0sn c )c lbc% dclbc% nu"s dc h)clh lh 0hs <*.su. Su3ss s<n h)lhudhbsls% )cn *u c+ db/cdcsc b ch)hcs h c )*bdsgsbhs+? <n sdcs% sub sls h c: <n 2h) c% cu0sn3cnsc. B5. Mhs ss#urs s*nt rcklc-s ss %. Kbh* c *c)cdc% dhc+ bsnc7. Cc sc 2hcc"n g*hb+ <n g*hb+ sc dcs2hcc6% dh* ccch cc *cbusc s+ du*c.c b /c4nscsc *cbusc s+ .+bb/chsc+ <nc+ unh ch s+ sc"nDghcbc.c. Nu sn c*csch.+ dcc< )c*2cc3sunch 4s nu0hs *cu4s h d+snusc4 c. Sn clcc ul cu hd<ncs0s c<4 sg+ c c*ns +3s. Ccch cc /hlb*ch.+ 0ul cbs + 0ul % dcbh*ccc 4s ccl 0hs )*c3sbs dsn *c 0c hlc c ccl 0hs lcn 4s 0hs g*cu.
BB& B" hl r!drss6 C2. Dssc, SSS. BB nu cu !hst!nul, cs cu s!r!cul6 #c.s Dssc., SSS% nb h (8. BB6 Ts0)ul...? #c.s s!sdc", nb h B9. BA& Bunc s"pr!s0hss6 C2. Cr., SSS: Dssc, @#: Hsc, @S#% @#S% @#SSS. BA7 hntspcrssthtscc6 #c.s Dssc. @#% nb h &&5. B5... rcklc-s ss6 C2. Dssc% @#% nb h &&B. B57 1!hrtc rcpcdc... #c.s Dssc, @#% nb h &&B. B56 Cc sc khcc3n #rh! *n #rh! sc dcskhcc6 C2. Psld., &6% &&? >Subs hn sh 2cs" snh h 0snuc u*" ;>Bbg+3sh hdunh + <n g*hb+ sc <0)u3snch.+% nu0hs ccl cc"b hdun+ )c <ncc ul b <n0ul3c4 c"E% scn sn3+ cs h + 4s dc Sgnhcsb dc Lb!blh% <n h4h"nu0s h Chrth dc pcrkcccs!n, ch*c sc h2lh <n 0<nh u u*b* clc/slb* dsn cblcgsslc sc.us c% /c.s M!nu"cnth s#nhtshnh, Cpsst!lhc, S% Mhd*sd% &'96% )). ('B"B&9% /c.s ). B9B% sc*ssbh*c dsn 5 0h* sc &B(5. #c.s BP"BC &% ). 68A% nb h B5. C2. 4s )*b/c*bul lh . >Gubd cs b 2s % cs b )c*s " ;>Cc sc 2hcc *c)cdc *c)cdc )sc*c"E. Gsb/hnns Bb c*b <s h *sbusc )h)cs Clc0cn hl #US"lch *c2lcc3sh >lc cbsc s0)b* hn3s nbn ss )bssbnb )*cs b c bcn *ssbl/c*c"% Dctts "c"!rh!sls, /c.s RN"BM% ). &7&% nb h B.

7B'
B8. *n h s tc hdhptc0s%. Nu *cbusc s+ c h*+3s u u*b*h lh 2cl dc )*scc)u % nscs s+ 2blbsc4 s 0hs 0ul c 2b*3c dcc< c nc/bsc: s+ nu 2hcs *sss)+ nscs dc 4 ssn3+% nscs dc 0c*s c? bunul 4bs0h* nu lhnsch.+ c+ *c )*hd+ 0hs 0ul c *+)s bh*c dcc< c nc/bsc ch s"b /<nc.c. Nu c h*+ h 0c*cu% c+cs 0<snc")bs0<snc nu /cs 0hs us0s. S+ hs b dchunh b nbu h c cu ch*c s+ s *+lucc4 s% <n *uc< csnc .slnsc dc./+lusc 0hs 0ul <n *c3snc 0c*cu h4 c) h*ch 4s nu s sc dcscb)c*+ nscsbdh + hb h*clc 0h*ss ch)hcs +3s. B'. B" cu 0h !un%. <n chsh Kb* uncs% dhc+ sn *s )c u4h )l+cc*ss% sc4s )c cch h du*c*ss% 4s sn/c*s: h cn3sc% dh*% lh s2<*4s % <ng*sDsndu" c 0hs 0ul dc nb*bcul dc lh sc4s*c dcc< dc h)lhu.clc dc lh sn *h*c. Rcs *s4 ch cb0un+ h nb*bcb4slb* cs c c+ hu <ncc)u u*s 2bh* c )*sclnscc 4s s21*4s u*s ncs)us dc *hgscc. H)bgcul nu s +"n h)lhu.clc /ulgh*c dc lh sn *h*c% c+cs bh c s<n h)lhudhbslc% cs <n ss03s*ch bb4 chsc+ dc lh sc4s*c% c+cs *h*s s<n ccs *cg*c h3s: *h*cb*s <s <nsb3c4 c nb*bcul )c ccs cc scs: )c c< sc"h*h + dc cu* cns b* cu ccs cc /sn% )c"h < dc nc)bls scbs cu ccs cc )lchc+. A9. 8udccs !unc%. Unss sc nhsc )*udcn3s: sn *+"n <n/+3+ u*+ cu hccs h/hn hD hl bunulus"ss03 nh s/% 4s hs 2cl hu 4s )h*cu*s Du0+ h c dsn d*u0ul c+ *c succcsc. Cu /<*s h 4s cC)c*scn3h% *h3sunch sc cbhcc dc)lsn% 4s cs hDung lh b Dudcch + 2bh* c cu0)+ns +: u*+sc b*scc ch)*scsu ch )c"b ss)s + h cu0sn3cnscs% 4s 0hs cu sch0+ <n )*bblc0c dc s h % undc% dh b*s + s0)b* hn3cs lb* su)*c0c% sc cc*c ssgu*hn3+ 2+*+ g*c4. Hsc0cnch bh0cns 0c*s + s+ s ch lh c<*0+% 2sc )cn *u 0<nus*ch cs% 2sc )cn *u s2h . A&. C"sncn *n cc3s "hs !un%6 ! 0h*c ssngulh*s h c <n *"b )lu*hls h c dc dcs+/<*4s*s. Nu )bh c cCss h c*bu 2+*+ /*cb cul0c subls0+: 0cdsbc*s +3slc nu s<n bbscc hl h)lhu.clb*. C0sncn3h <n *"b sluDb+ *c0h*chbsl+ c scbh c dsn /ulgh*s h ch cb0un+ 4s c"nhl3+ lh ch cgb*sh cCcc)3sbnhlulus. H 2s c0sncn <n *"b )*b2cssc u0sl+ <nsch0n+
B8 *n h s tc hdhptc0s6 C2. Dssc, @SSS: Br., 69%755. B' B" cu .h: !un6 C2. Dssc, @SS: Hsc% @@@#. C2. 4s Cccl., 5% 8? >Mclsb* cs 2snss b*h sbnss% Fuh0 )*sncs)su0" ;>Mhs bun cs c s2<*4s ul unus luc*u dcc< <ncc)u ul lus"E 4s )*b/c*bul? >Nb lh cn *hdh% ssnb lh shlsdh hhcc h lbs hb0b*cs /cn u"*bsbs" ;>Nu sn *h*ch% cs sc4s*ch <s 2hcc )c bh0cns nb*bcb4s"E. C% dc 2h) % un lbc cb0un hl <n3clc)csunss uns/c*shlc% db/hd+ 4s )*b/c*bul *b01ncsc? >S2s*4slul lhud+ <ncc)u ul". S). dc7!, )c ch*c l"h0 *hdus )*sn >.h3"% h*c% h4hdh*% hscs scnsul dc s2<*4s shu ccch cc *+0<nc dsn cc/h. A9 8udccs !unc6 C2. Dssc.% @@#: Br., 7(% 'A. A& C"sncn *n cc3s "hs !un6 C2. Cr., #S. 7A9 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL l HRTH PRUDCNCS
h 2s cc/h <n )u3sn? cu c< b2c*+ 0hs 0ul + dclcc h*c% cu h < 0hs )u3sn+ glb*sc. CCcclh*ch <n db0cnss )*s/slcgsh c c bh*ccu0 b *+s+ u*+ h su/c*hns +3ss? s0)unc hd0s*h3sh 4s h *hgc h2cc3sunch. A7. Lucrch0 cu uncltc !unc%. Unss /b* ch cC *c0h sub sls +3ss lb* s+ *bnc.c <n Dbsnscsh uncl clb*? sh ss2hc3sc )*s0cDdsbhs+% /*cdnsc+ dc b )cdch)s+ 2h hl+. Dcs bsnscsh 0snss *ulus n"h 4 s*bs nscsbdh + 0+*c3sh )h *bnulus: 0hs cu*<nd% bh + glb*sh succcsclb* *cchdc h)bs hsu)*h chu.cs )*sncs)hlc% ch 4s% ds0)b *s/+% bch*h. Khs0h 0c*gc b dchunh cu )*s0ss. Nu .scc nscsbdh +? hcclh h h/u 0sns4 *s buns shu )*b4 s% cs? hcclh h 2bs 0c4 c* bun shu )*bs . S+ *chc+% h4hdh*% )*sn hlcgc*c% )*sn cCh0snh*c% 2ssndc+ lb* ls sc /h <nc*cdsn3h nc0u*s*ch uncs *c)u h3ss.
A6. C-cclhrc cu *nt*scthtc%. Sh* dhc+ 4s cu c0sncn3+% <ndbs +. Mh*c h/hn hD s+ Dbcs 0<nh<n <s% dcbh*ccc <n cbnds3ss cghlc c<4 sgs. Mul3s h* 2s 2bs 2cnsc4s <n sluDbclc lb*% dhc+ nu lc"h* 2s luh "b hl3ss <nhsn c. P*s0ss sc" hlcg cu bh + 0b4 cns*ch 2hs0cs% )cn *u ccs dc du)+ cs *+0<nc sub.ss cn3h bb3snu + )*sn )*bccs 7: b*sc< h* n+du4s% nu )b ss)+4s /ulgh*ul bc c4ug hl s0s h3scs. Sub sls h c dc )*bdsgsb4s h 2bs n+scbcs*ch dc nbs d*u0u*s )cn *u c0sncn3c% nu0hs s+ lc gh*hn c.c <ns+ cu0sn3cnsh <ncc*c+*slc. <n3clc)3ss 4s"hu 2+cu lbc <n ch hlbgul c*bslb* )*sn nbu h ch )*cbcu)+*slb*. Unss /b* s+ 2sc 0hs dcg*hb+ )*s0ss <n h dbuh ch cgb*sc dcc< sccun.s <n )*s0h. A(. *n h s tc p0c4ts dc ncch0urs%. H c 2c*s dc nc)l+cc*s c cu0sn3cnsc u sl+. <n3clc)csunch c/s + 0ul c? cs c Lucsnh7 nb*bculus 4s% ch h h*c% h 0ul3u0s*ss. #c4 slc *clc nu lc dh 4s% cu h < 0hs )u3sn% nu lc )*s0s? *cbusc s+ ls sc sn c*.sc+ sn *+*slc% cu cCcc)3sh cclcs h lchculus. Unb*h ls sc cb*u) u*cchslc dc c< dulcc hud <n lsngu4s*s: hl b*h% dc c< h0h* hscul +"n b<*2cls% 4s s<n unss ch*c nu )b *+s 2+*+ /*cb nc)l+cc*c cb sdshn+% cu0 nscs Ms *sdh c 2+*+ b *h/+6. Rcgul+ h )+s *+*ss hlc nu c <ns+ nscs /bsn3h dc h"3s )*s"csnus un ncch. dc"b /sh3+ ch s+" s 2hcs b dh + )l+cc*c hl ush% 2sc cl ccl 0hs h)*b)sh . S+ nu )+c+ usc4 s nscsbdh + <0)b *s/h )*b)*scs
A7" ...uncltc !unc6 C2. P!l, )). &7&"&77? Dssc, @: Br., B&% 7B8. A6 C-cclhrc cu *ndscthtc6 C2. Cr., #SS. A67 ...prsn pr!ccs6 #c.s Cr., #sl% nb h (8. A(" ...ncch0urs6 C2. Cr., @SSS: Br., 6&% A(% &A6: CrsL, S% '. A(7 Lucsnh6 Zcs3+ )*b cc bh*c h nh4 c*slb* lh *b0hns. A(6 Mstrsdhtc kr !trh 6 Du)+ cu0 sc 4 sc% hccs *cgc hl Pbn ulus% c0<ndu"sc s+ nu 2sc b *+/s dc du40hns% s"h s0uns.h lu<nd .slnsc 0scs db.c dc b *h/+. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 7A&
hlc 2c*scs*s ch s+"s 2hcs )c )lhc cclus cc d+ s2h u*s 4s *+0<nc h2h*+% sh* <n b*scc <0)*cDu*h*c% b*s dc c< c b*s h* 2s dc hlcs <n *c h"s 2hcc hl ush b bucu*sc 4s h"3s 2hcc 3sc *+u% b lcc3sc dc 2blbs s)unc c+ 0hs bsnc s+ sc h0+*hsc+ ccl+lhl hcu0 dcc< u )c u*0+ 4s 2+*+ lchc. AB. Gust hlcs%. Sc cc*c cul s/h % ch 4s sngcnsb.s h ch. CCcclcn3h <n3clcgc*ss *clsc2ch.+ h)c s ul db*sn3cs% sh* h)bs% )l+cc*ch )bscssunss7% <n+l3s0ch uncs ch)hcs +3s sc cunbh4 c du)+ clc/h3sh <nclsnh3scs. B 0h*c ch)hcs h c% s)*c h sc <0)lsns% h*c nc/bsc dc un bbscc 0h*c: h4h cu0 0h*slc <0buc+ u*s s<n )cn *u gu*slc 0h*s% 0h c*sslc subls0c )cn *u subls0clc 2s*s. <s 4 su dc 2*sc+ cclc 0hs <nd*+.nc3c bbscc c% 4s cclc 0hs ssgu*c dcs+/<*4s*s <4s )sc*d <nc*cdc*ch <n ssnc: s<n )u3snc cclc dc )*s0+ 0+*s0c? 2sc *h*+ )*c3us*ch. Gus u*slc sc dcs)*snd )*sn *clh3ss 4s sc 0b4 cncsc )*sn cbn snus h c? 0h*c nb*bc s+ cb0unscs cu csnc/h cc"& h*c"n h)bgcu. Tb u4s nu *cbusc s+ dcclh*s c+ b ul <3s dss)lhcc% )cn *u c+ c unh dsn cChgc*+*slc )*bs c4 s% 0hs bdsbhs+ dsn h2cc h*c dcc< dsn ncs+"bus*c. Unss h* /*ch6 ch Du0nc.cu s+ c*cc.c hl + lu0c 4s hl c )c*2cc3suns )cn *u 0ul3u0s*ch 2hn c.scs lb* cC *h/hghn c. AA. Htcnsc ch s3s shs !snc lucrurslc,. Unss shu h0sn c 0hs 0ul lh *sgbh*ch ds*cc3scs dcc< lh 2c*scs*ch h sngc*ss scb)ulus% dh* b dchunh 0hs g*cu h <*n+ dssc*cds ul nc2c*scs*ss dcc< ncs *+0u" h*ch dslsgcn cs. <n/sng+ b*ul n"h*c dc dh sbcb chl+. Ccs 0hs 0ul3s nscs nu bbsc*/+ cChc s h ch cs*cu0s hn3clb*% cs *c.ul h clc bunc shu )*bhs c% d*c) ch*c nu"3s )sc*.s nscsbdh + *c)u h3sh c<nd <3s h sngs scb)ul. Un s2<*4s bun )blcsc4 c b ul&% chsh* dhc+"& dc."
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0sn g*c4clslc 0sDlbhcclb*% c+cs c b h* + s+ 0c*gs <0)b *s/h h* cs% dhc+ hl 0sn c*s nu )b3s dbb<nds 2c*scs*ch dc" h sc4s bsnc. A5. Prckcr slu7!clc nplhudh!slc%. Mhs bh c luc*u*slc dc)snd dc sh ss2hc3sh cclb*lhl3s. P*c3us*ch c )cn *u dcs+/<*4s*s ccch cc c 2h/b"nsul )cn *u 2lb*s? su2lh*c 4s /sh3+. S<n sluDbc cC)usc hclh0h3scs uns/c*shlc% 4s s<n hl clc% dc4s 0hs 0h*s% dclbc /s.sbslc: hcclch% s+/<*4sndu"sc <n /+.ul u u*b*h% ch) ch.+ bun+/bsn3h bb4 chsc+: hccs ch% dc4s 0hs d+*us c cu cCcclcn3+ 4s hh*% *+0<n <n hsnh s0)c*"cc) sbsls +3ss lb*? /cnc*h c% dh* nch)lhudh c. P*sn *c su/c*hns% bs*us b*ss s<n ccs )*bsl+/s3s% 4s dc"hccch *cgss H*hgbnulus hu 2bs h < dc h)lhudhbsls ch *+.bbsnscs% cucc*s b*s 4s 0+*sns0b4s7. Mh*clc b+*bh s+ )*c2c*c sluDbclc cclcb*c% )c ch*c b3s s+ lc /hd+ 4s s+ lc"0)+* +4chsc+% 4s s+ *+0<n+ s0b* hls.h )*sn su2*hgsslc bb4 c4 s. A8. Cults *nclc#crch. C dc 0hs 0h*c dcs+/<*4s*c dcc< s+ cul s/s 0c0b*sh% <n *uc< 4s c 0hs 0h*c. Uncb*s *cbusc s+ *ch0sn c4 s% hl cb*s s+ )*c/ss. Unss *cnun3+ s+ 2hc+ bc0hs luc*u*slc ch*c"h* 2s 2bs <n h)bgcu% )cn *u c+ nu lc *ccc )*sn g<nd: hDu c"s h uncs bbsc*/h3sh )*sc cnchsc+ s+ <n3clchg+ 2blbhsclc. Unul dsn cclc 0hs 0h*s h/hn hDc hlc 0sn3ss cs c s+ *chls.c.c cc c s0)b* hn . K+*+ hcchs h% *+0<n nc<0)lsns c 0ul c s.b<n.s. S+ dch lu0snh ccl cc"b h*c 4s s+ b cch*+ csnc b cc*4c4 c&? hcclh cu )*udcn3+% hccs h cu h cn3sc: c dc hDuns b hlu.sc. C ncccsh*+ hcchs + sub sls h c c<nd c <n Dbc 2blbsul cclus cc dc4 ch) +7: ch + s+ h*+3s bun"gus 4s s+ *ccs lh 0hs 0ul dc nu /h 2s dc"hDuns? b dh + cc hs nu"ul% )b*nc4 c <n c+u h*ch lus dh cu dsb+csc% c+cs dc cclc 0hs 0ul c b*s nu"& bb3ss 2ssndc+ nu
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56 ...cschs h6 C2. Dssc., S#: Hsc., @#SS. 567 ccl "hs "hrc dsntrc cpsthns6 Sc *c2c*+ lh Gbn.hlb dc Cb*dbbh% Mh*clc C+)s hn. 5( Nu 2s sntrhth!sl6 C2. Dssc% @@SS: Br., 77&: Crst., S% #S. 5(7 #hl!hnclc6 Sn b*sgsnhl% >0udh lbs hu0b*cs cbn lbs hbnb*cs"% c2. )*b/c*bul lh . >hbnb*cs 0u hn 0b*cs". 5B Hlc#c3s "!dcl cr!sc6 C2. Cr., @#SS: Cscc*b% Pr! Hrchsh, &9% 7(. 5B7 Hlc-hndru6 #c.s Cr., nb h 8'. C2. 4s Pc *h*ch% sbn. &B(? >Gsun b Hlcs"shnd*b h lh 2h0bsh b0bh" ;BP"BG. BC&% ). 6'9E. 5B6 #!hrnh khs"cs hlt!rh6 #c.s Cr., @#SSS% nb h '9. 5A& Nu ks pus d!hr pc #lu"6 C2. Dssc% S@: Br., 5'%7((%75B: Scncch% Dc trhn3Ausllsthtc hns"s, &5. 7AA BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS
)us dbh* )c glu0+ nu"s nscsbdh + b0 hdc/+*h . Pc"hcc4 sh<s )unc0 )c"hcclh4s )lhn cu 0sncsnb4ss% ncd<ndu"lc c*c.h*c? unb*h% dc ch0h 0sncsunss% cclb*lhl3s% dc"h .c2lc0clss. Nu sc 4 sc nscsbdh + c<nd /b*bcsc cu ch)% ccch cc c ch 4s cu0 nu l"h* h/ch. Nu c ncch. 0hs 0h*c ch un hh. nccu*0h . Hl3ss"4s 2hc *cnu0c dc 0uchls3s% dh* <4s )sc*d c*cds ul dc cu0sn3s. Jb/shls h ch *cbusc s+"4s hsb+ 0b0cn ul s+u. )c bh c cclclhl c% sc*sb.s h ch. ==. n-h/ s tc dcprs"s cu tbp0. Judscsbs P*b cu? cu dbc ul% dbc % 4s cu s2<n ul. sl<n . Mh*c h* + dc h"s c<4 sgh )c b3s% 2ssndc+ hsc0+nh*ch h *hgc bun+/bsn3+. Bb.sc*/+ 2s*slc 4s hdh) ch.+" c 2scc+*ush? sc*sbsulus 4s Db/shlulus% u*0ch.+"lc cu*cn ul% 2+c<nd *hns2b*0h*c )bls sc+? u*gcn + )cn *u dc)cndcn3s. Hcchs + 0h*c sub sls h c h /sc3ss ncccss + b 0h*c ch)hcs h c: 0hs )u3sn ds2scsl+ )cn *u b+*bh ul uns/c*shl ch sngcnsb.s h c <n cunb4 sn3c 4s ch 2s*c <n gus u*s. 58. Hrth *nccpcrss%. P*bs sh sn *+ b dchunh d<nd bu.nh% c+cs b3s )*b4 ss s<n <n2s)3s. <nsu4s ss0)lss0ul lb*% ch*c"s <0)scdsc+ 0hs <n <s s+ bbsc*/c nchDunsu*slc% <s sch)+ h)bs 4s dc 0<hns*ch dc.hs *clb*. Dh* Cu0sn3cnsh <ncc)c cu 0ul hc : cc*cc h4ss cs s<n Luh*ch"h0sn c 4s P*c/cdc*ch? 0c*g <n *ccunbh4 c*c% ch s+ )u*cchd+ 2+*+ *sscu*s. B*scc Tc0c*s h c c bs<nds + dc Chsb.usn3+ lh )*+/+ls*c% chsh* dhc+ Nb*bcul b hbsbl/+ uncb*s. T*cbusc s+ 0c*gs cu sbcb sn3+ )c undc c c0s dc 0h*s hd<ncs0s? s+ h hcc Shghcs h ch 4s s+ c<4 sgc c*cn P*udcn3h. S<n )*hgu*s 0h*s hs +.s <n *clh3sslc cu bh0cnss: c bsnc s+ 0c*gs h*unc<nd 0c*cu sbndh. 5'. U"!hrc cu u"!r%. Mbdc*h % c <n.cs *h*c% nu cusu*. Un g*+un c dc /bsb4sc d+ gus bun lh b*scc. s ccs 0hs 0h*s bh0cns Dbhc+ )scsh hh.ulus% ch*c h *hgc ss0)h sh uns/c*shl+. C+u <nd <ns+ 0c*cu lh bb*h.ul cu0sn3cnscs 4s )u* <nd *cs)cc cu/ssn3cs. Hl3ss dsn *"b /b*b+ dc duh <4s 2hc scu* + u*+ dc sc4s dsn b*scc <ncu*c+"
55" *n h s tc dcprsn0s cu t!s6 S"h bbsc*/h sn2lucn3h dbc *sncs lus Sgnhdb dc Lb!blh hsu)*h hccs us h2b*ss0? >H!udh hun cl cbn2b*0h*nbs cbn sus cbndscsbncs cbndcsccndc* cbn cllbs: ! dsss0ulh* cbn cllbs ! shls* cbn nbsb *bs% hhcscndbnbs b0nsh b0nsbus". Rsbhdcnc!*h. Rhts! Auh" sn # !c"hndss, <n Hk!nu"cnth. Scrsc Auhrth. Scrspth dc St. S4nhts!, &.&% Mhd*sd% &'9(% hpud HH"BG. BC% ). &5B h. C2. 4s & C!r., '% 77? >B0nsbus b0nsh 2hc us su0" ;>Tu u*b* bh c 0"h0 2+cu "E. 58& Hrth *nccpcrss6 Hdsc+ h* h dc h <ncc)c b hc3sunc% b b)c*+% shu dc h hbb*dh b <n *c)*sndc*c. S"h sc0nhlh hsc0+nh*ch dsn *c hccs h2b*ss0 4s CS dcsc!s! dc MsFucl Cb0hlhdh% sns)s*h dsn Rh0bn Llull ;BP"BG. BC% ). 6'&E. 5' U"!hrc cu u"!r. C2. Dssc, S@: Br., 5A% 7(&. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 7A5
u*+% c+cs s<n luc*u*s cc *cbusc luh c <n glu0+% 4s uncb*s bc0hs hcclch )c ch*c ccl+lhl lc sh 0hs <n sc*sbs. C sc0n dc scnsn+ h c% dc c<*lsg lh sns0s. 89. Htcnsc lh prs"srch 4tsrsl!r%. T*+s0 0hs 0ul dsn 4 s*s% ccl 0hs )u3sn dsn cc /cdc0? *+s0 <nc*c.<ndu"nc <n ccslhl3s. Hu.ul c h dbuh u4+ h hdc/+*ulus7 4s cch )*sncs)hl+ h 0sncsunss. Dc bbsccs% hdc/+*ul sc /cdc% <n 0bd cCcc)3sbnhl sc hudc: *h*cb*s nc hDungc <n s h*c )u*+ 4s cu h < 0hs )u3sn c<nd /snc dc dc)h* c: hducc b dchunh 4s un h0cs cc dsn h2cc clc )*sn ch*c *ccc. Ph s0h /b)sc4 c <n culb*slc cs b cc h sngc% c<nd bs sl+% c<nd
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876 drcpthtc... strs"!thtc6 Cbn2b*0 hdhgsulus lh sncsc >su00u0 sus% su00h snDu*sh" ;>ccl 0hs 0h*c d*c) % cch 0hs 0h*c ncd*c) h c"E% cs h dc Cscc*b $Dc !kks3csss, S% &9% 66E. C2. 4s .schlh s)hnsbl+? >Dc*cchb h)u*hdb% uc* b hh b*nhdb" ;>D*c) )<n+ lh ch)% s *<0b s"h h*+ h "E. 87 s*n#c3n l!c dc lhptc6 C2. PK.% 69% 66. 86 h!htcrc -cnsh t. C2. C*.% @L@. 867 pctusc4tc ncpctusnd6 C2. Plsnsus ccl T<n+*% Scrss!rs, '% 7A% &? >Nshsl )ccch nsss Fubd nshsl )ccch ". 866 trsnctul.. .rclsckurs6 B/sdsu% Rc"cdsslc su!srss. 6A'"59? >Tb cc"s <nhl c dc )s.0+ b+ u % cu0 c cc*ul dc /<n u*s% B*s cu0 )c )sscu*s dc 0un3s 2ulgc*+ d*ch) h lus Zc/s" ;T*hd. Mh*sh"#hlc*sh Pc *cscuE: Hb*h3su. Bdc% 7% &9% &&"&7? >2c*sun Fuc su00bs 2ulgu*h 0bn cs" ;%(h* *+snc clc ch*c <n 0un c sc"n c3csc )c c*c4 c c dbh* chd"% *hd. N. S. Hc*cscuE. 86( H!"cr6 Du)+ cu0 s)unc Hb*h3su $Hrth p!ctsc, 6B'E? >Sndsgnb* FuhndbFuc bbnus db*0s h Hb0c*us" ;>M+ sndsgnc. c+ 4s bunul Hb0c* uncb*s db*0s ch.+"% *hd. Sbncl Mh*sncscuE. 8( ... du4"hns6 C2. B*.% 77(. = H0clb . <n *hducc*ch sh% sc0nhlch.+ c+ <nc+ Mhchsh/clls )*c.cn hsc dbc *snh dc./bl h + <n hccs h2b*ss0? >C<nd sbh* h /*ch s+ <nhl3c )c un )*sncs)c% <s )unc"n 2h3+ du40hns% lu) c% s)*c h"s cCc*cs h cu*hDul 4s sscussn3h 4s s)*c h"& 2hcc s+ u*cc )c cch 0hs <nhl + *ch) + h )bssbsls +3ss shlc" $Prsncspclc, phsss"). 8(7 ...hpr6 Hccch4s sdcc <n B*.% 77(. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 7A'
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*sdscblc% h*hn+ h *+u +3ss )cn *u clc/c clslc cs: cCss +% <n *"hdc/+*% s sg0h c"sscbhdc hlc *s/hls +3ss )h* sculh*c h2lh c"n sluDbh *+u +3ss bb4 c4 s% c+cs s<n 4s gu*s hlc *clcs"/bsn3c% *usn<nd 0hs su c b 0h*c 2hs0+ cu b glu0+ dcc< cu b ncbb*+.h*c. C 2bh* c u4b* s+ dbb<ndc4 s 2hs0+ )*bhs +% dcbh*ccc *+ul c 2bh* c c*cdsbsl 4s cbs + scu0) s+"& 4 c*gs. B+*bh ul cu0sn c s+ c/s c% h4hdh*% *cs *s4 slc hccs ch 4s s+ 3sn+ )sc) cu h cn3sh sh /ulgh*cs snsblcn3c% c+cs c 0hs u4b* s+ )*c/ss dcc< s+"nd*c)3s7.
8B Nu ks7!chcr6 #c.s Dssc., @S% nb h 8': c2. Br., 87% &55% 78B% 7''. 8B7 h hrssc *n hphrssc6 Sn *bducc0 hccs Dbc dc cu/sn c cb0)cnsh b*% <n b*sgsnhl% >cschscccs dc h)h*scncsh". 8A Prc*nt*"psn !r!clc rclc6 C2. Br., 77A: Crst., SS% B. 8A7 ...s3ndrcps6 C2. hdhgsul *b0hn >P*hcs h chu clh Fuh0 0cdclh" dc/cns % <n /h*shn + s)hnsbl+% >Mhs /hlc )*cch/c* Fuc cnc* Fuc *c0cdsh*" ;Sbh*bsE shu >M1s /hlc un p!r ss hchs! Fuc un 7Auscn pcnshrh>"
270 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 271
85. Cultur 4s *"p!d!!src%. B0ul sc nh4 c bh*bh*: sc s.b+/c4 c dc hns0hls h c cul s/<ndu"sc. Cul u*h 2+u*c4 c )c*sbhnc% cu h < 0hs 0ul cu c< c 0hs 0h*c. <n c0csul cs h )u u nu0s G*ccsh bh*bh* b *cs ul uns/c*sulus. Nc4 ssn3h c h*c g*bsblhn+. Ns0sch nu cul s/+ 0hs bsnc ch 4 ssn3h. Dh*% dhc+ dcs)bdbbs +% 4s <n/+3+ u*h h dc/cns g*bsblhn+. Nu nu0hs sn clcc ul *cbusc s+ 2sc <0)bdbbs % cs 4s /*c*ch% 4s <nc+ 0hs 0ul cbn/c*sh3sh. Sc g+scsc bh0cns <0)bdbbs3s dsn 2s*c cu clcghn3+ l+un *sc+ 4s cC c*sbh*+% <n cbncc) c 4s"n cu/sn c% <n g+ clslc *u)ulus% ch*c s<n )*ccu0 cbhDh% 4s"n <n.cs *+*slc su2lc ulus% ch*c s<n 2*uc ul. S<n hl3ss% ds0)b *s/+% h < dc nccsb)ls3s% <nc< bh c hlc lb*% 4s uncb*s chls +3s c0sncn c% 4s lc"hu <n snh cu b ncsu2c*s + dc.b*dsnc bh*bh*+. 88. C!"p!rthrch s ksc lh3nls"cl% c+u <nd<n ch subls0s h ch. Mh*clc b+*bh nu *cbusc s+ 2sc 0+*un <n )u* h*c. Nu )u*sch nscsbdh + 0ul luc*u*slc% cu h < 0hs )u3sn )c cclc nc)l+cu c% c+cs dc4s h bbsc*/h b ul ch <n *"b dbh*+ c dc 2blbs% nu lh 2cl c h /bs s+ cc*cc c.s b ul cu b dsnhdsnsul. T*cbusc s+ )*bccdc.s <ndcbb4 c cu b gcnc*hls h c ch/hlc*chsc+% l+s h* dc 2slb s0sc. Mh*c )h* c dsn gu/c*nh*c s + <n dsss0ulh*c 7: sc chdc s+ *ccs cu /cdc*ch cclc 0hs 0ul c luc*u*s <n *c *udc% <n *c )*sc cns% 4s 0hs cu sch0+ <n *c du40hns. B*scc s)sc+*chl+ c su)+*+ bh*c% sh* <n ch*hc c*% dc ncsu2c*s . H /cns 4s"h *c/cns hsu)*h unus ncch.c un sbs dc 0hnsc. s% <ndcbb4 c% 2clul dc"h sc )u* h hl 2scc+*ush /h 2s du)+ cu0 <s cs c sns0h 4s ch)hcs h ch. 8'. Cun!h4tcrc dc ssnc%6 2s*ch% sngcnsb.s h ch% Dudcc+3slc% h2cc clc. Nu )b3s 2s s +)<n )c snc <nsu3s% dhc+ 0hs <n <s nu c cunb4 s. CCss + bglsn.s )cn *u chs)% nu 4s )cn *u cugc 7? 2sc"3s h4h cc/h dsscc*n+ bh*ch *c2lcc3sc dcs)*c snc. s chsh* dhc+ 3s"hs us h s0h"
85 Cultur s *"p!d!!src6 C2. Dssc% @#SSS. 88& C!"p!rthrch...6 C2. Dssc., SSS: Hsc, 7(. 887 gu/c*nh*c... dsss"ulhrc6 C2. scn sn3h >Ncscs *cgnh*c% Fus ncscs dsss0ulh*c"% h *sbus + <0)+*h ulus Tsbc*su 4s 2blbss + 4s dc Ludb/sc hl @l"lch hl K*hn3cs. #c.s Cr., SS. 8'& Cun!h4tcrc dc ssnc6 C2. Cr., S@: Dssc, #SSS? Br.. 6(% &A&% 77B% 768: Crst., SS% &&. Bh llb*s 4s Pc*hl h /+d <n hccs h2b*ss0 b *c0snssccn3+ h cCh0cnclb* dc cbn4 ssn3+ )*csc*ssc <n cduch3sh sc.us +% /c.s Sgnhcsb dc Lb!blh% C-crcstsh, 7(=(6: C!nststuts!ncs, 6% &% &&: (%(%6"(. 8'7 !#lsn0s... cu#ct6 C2. Scncch% Dc trhnAusllsthtc hns"s, &: Shc., &% 76: >b0ul ch*c )*s/c4 c <n bglsnd+ 2h3h 2s*ss shlc".
gsnch cC c*sbh*+% )+s *ch.+"3s"b )c cch sn c*sbh*+% ch s"b <nd*c)3s% ch s"b h0clsb*c.s. Cunbh4 c"3s )u c*slc cu0sn3cnscs 4s"hlc )c*s)schcs +3ss <nhsn c dc"h <n *c)*sndc cc/h: )s)+sc"3s cc*bscsh <nhsn c dc"h c h/<n h: sbndch.+"3s hd<ncu*slc 4s c<n +*c4 c"3s ch)hcs h ch <n b*scc <0)*cDu*h*c. '9. Hrth dc h trs "ult%6 s+ *+sc4 s bsnc. Dbu+ luc*u*s /sn su c dc hhc /sc3ss? )*bs sh shu sc+lb4sh. Unss 4s"hu )sc*du "b )cn *u c+ n"hu 4 su s"b )+s *c.c% hl3ss )cn *u c+ n"hu /*u . H4h cu0 /s* u ch <4s cs c )*b)*sh *+s)lh + 7% b hs 2cl /scsul <4s cs c )cdch)s+ ssc4s? csnc *+sc4 c *c)c.s <n /scsu s2<*4c4 c su c <n dbu+ 2clu*s 6: csnc *+sc4 c *c)c.s <n /s* u c nu 0bh*c nscsbdh +. Sn cg*s h ch cugc ulus sc *hns0s c *u)ulus% 4s lung+ c sbcb s + /sh3h bun+( nu dbh* <n sn cnssunc% cs 4s <n cC cnssunc. '&. Hcs!nch0 t!tdchunh kr scrupul dc s"prudcn%. Tch0h dc nc*cu4s + lh ccl cc hc3sbnch.+ dc/snc nu0hsdcc< c/sdcn3+ )cn *u ccl cc )*s/c4 c% cu h < 0hs /<* bs dhc+ cs c *s/hl. Dhc+ Dudcch h <4s 2hcc sc*u)ul 4s" n c+ldu*h )hssunss% 0hs <*.su% lh *ccc. sc /h bs<nds )cn *u )*bs sc nb b*sc 7. S<n )*s0cDdsbhsc hc3sunslc lh ch*c )*udcn3h s + <n cu0)+n+? 0hs ssgu*+ h* 2s *cnun3h*ch. Cu0sn3cnsh nu hd0s c dubss? )+4c4 c b dchunh <n h0sh.h lu0snss *h3sunss. Cu0 )bh c sc4s cu bsnc b <n *c)*sndc*c ch*c% hbsh )us+ lh chlc% sc 4s /cdc cbndh0nh + dc nc<nc*cdc*cO Sh* dhc+ 4s dccs.sh cch 0hs )*b0b/h + cu un nc"snc dsscrcphntc: l+un *sc sc" n <0)l+ s+ c4uc.c% cc 0hs h4 ch) + cch ch*c h dcbu h <n 4b/+shlh *h3sunss 4s"n *clclc )*css03s*s hlc Dudcc+3ssO
'9 Hrth dc h trs "ult6 C2. Crst., SS% &9. '97 ...pr!prsh rsplht6 C2. Clhudshnus% Phnc#9rscus dsctus Mhnls! Tlsc!d!r! c!nsuls, &? >S)sh Fusdc0 #s* us )*hc su0 ssbs". '96 sk*r4c4tc... *n d!u kclurs6 Hdsc+ <4s )sc*dc 4s /sh3h% 4s *c)u h3sh. '9( lun# c... shh !un6 C2. Scncch% Scrss!rs, @CSSS? >Lbngh cs /s h% ss )lcnh cs " ;>#sh3h cs c lung+% dhc+ cs c dc)lsn+"% cd. cs .% ). 66&E. '& ...s"prudcn6 C2. Dssc, SS. <ndc0nul dsn hccs c)sg*h2c h0bsguu% 4s cu h < 0hs 0ul dhc+ lu+0 <n cbnssdc*h*c cclc cc u*0ch.+% dh* sn c*)*c h*ch ul c*sbh*+ <s clh*s2sc+ scnsul? s+ hc3sbnc.s b*s dc c< c b*s nu cCss + dubss hlc )*udcn3cs. #c.s RN"BM% ). &85% nb h &. '&7 cldurh phssunss... lh rccc6 G*hcs1n s)ccs2sc+ hscs ch.ul ccl 0hs *sschn )cn *u )*udcn3+% ch*c *cbusc s+ b)snc.c 4s h uncs c<nd cugc ul c cu)*sns dc )hssunc. '&6 nc"snc dsscrcphntc Ghppr!!htus56 Hdsc+ >h)*bbh 2+*+ ch ns0cns s+ 2sc dc hl + )+*c*c": c*h 2b*0ulh sc*ss+ du)+ nu0clc unus s udcn ch*c 2uscsc )*b0b/h dc b3s cCh0snh b*ss s+s.
272 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNTCS
'7. Crcscr supcrs!r%6 .sc <n bh c. C <n <sh 4s su)*c0h *cgul+ h luc*+*ss 4s"h /b*bs*ss% cu h < 0hs *ccb0hndhbsl+ cu c< sluDbclc s<n 0hs 0h*s 4s 0hs <nhl c. Mhs )*c3sbs c un d*h0 dc cu0sn3cnsc dcc< bchlc dc sub sls h c7. C b )+4s*c ssgu*+% dc4s nu )*ch h)lhudh +% dh* *c)u h3sh dc b0 cu0sn c c <nsu4s *su02ul 2hs0cs? /h 2s dc hDuns s+"s 0ul3u0c4 s )c cu0sn3s% h c+*b* h)*bbh*c c )sh *h dc <ncc*ch*c h succcsclb*. '6. B" uns crshl%. Hlc+ us dsn bh c dcs+/<*4s*slc% /hlb*ch.+ c< 0ul3s. Khcc /sh3h )*ch2c*scs +% <0)+* +4snd hcchs + dcs2+ h*c cclb* h)*b)sh3s. #h*sc h ch <nsb3s + dc )c*2cc3sunc c bucu*sh /sc3ss. Mh*c h* + cch dc"h 4 s s+ )*b2s3s dc b cc c bun. s dc /*c0c cc nh u*h &"h 2+cu )c b0 un cb0)cndsu hl <n *cgss 2s*s )*sn c0sncn3h sh% 2hc+ dsn cl h* h un uns/c*s )*sn cCc*cs h*ch 4s cul s/h*ch gus ulus 4s"h sn clcc ulus. '(. Nccuprsndcrc h chphcstss%. B+*bh ul h cn 2c*chsc+"sc s+"s 2sc sbndh + hd<ncs0ch% 2sc h 4 ssn3cs% 2sc h /hlb*ss% dhc+ /*ch s+ 2sc dc b3s /cnc*h ? dc./+lushsc+"sc cunbh4 c*ss% nu <n3clcgc*ss. Ns0cns s+ nu"s dsbushsc+ ls0s clc ch)hcs +3ss% dsn )*scsnh /+ds cs )*s0cDdss dc dc.h0+gs*c. S+ nu dch nscsbdh + )*slcD cus/h s+"& )*scch)+ )c dc"h"n *cgul? 0hs 0h*s c2cc c dc /cnc*h3sc hu )+*c*ch 4s dubsul )<n+ undc hDungc ch)hcs h ch 2scc+*ush dcc< c/sdcn3h cs% b*sc< h* 2s dc 0h*c. 'B. H 4ts s *ntrcss h4tcpthrch%6 *cbusc s"b hls0cn c.s nccu*0h : 0ul ul 2+g+dushsc+ 0hs 0ul % 4s cch 0hs bun+ 2h) + 2sc 0h.7 )cn *u 4s 0hs bunc. Nu 0s.h b ul dc lh )*s0h 0<n+? 0h*c 4 ssn3+ c s+ 4 ss h"3s d*+0us 2b*3clc% <n 4 ssn3+% 4s h"3s g*+bs *su02ul.
'7 Crcscr supcrs!r. C2. C*.% @: Br., 78% (6: Crst., SSS% A. '77 drh"... !chlc6 Kb*0ulh*c bh.h + )c >*c2b*0h" unb* )*b/c*bc cu*cn c? >Mhs /hlc bn.h dc )*udcncsh Fuc h**bbh dc cscncsh"% >Mhs /hlc bn.h dc Duscsb Fuc Fusn hl dc hlcn b" c c. ;Cb**chsE. C2. 4s Cr., @% ). B8. #c.s <n hccs scns RN"BM%). &88% nb h 7. '6 B" uns crshl6 C2. Dssc.% #SS: CrsL, S. '. '( Nccuprsndcrc h chphcstss6 C2. Cr.. &: Br., 6. 'B H 4ts s *ntrcss h4tcpthrch6 C2. Cr., S: Dssc% @SSS: Br., B8. 'B7 ksc "h06 Cchs/hl+0 hs 2cl s). >cn/sdh* dc 0h!b*cs"% )*sn *"un c*0cn <0)*u0u h b dsn lcCscul Dbcu*slb* dc c+*3s% "h0 2ssnd su0h cc sc hdhug+ lh 0s.+. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 273
'A. Dcsprc "hrch ssndcrc0%. C *bnul *h3sunss% bh.h )*c/cdc*ss% c+cs% dh b*s + cs% ns0c*s*ch 3sn cs cbs + )u3sn. C nb*bc cc*csc% 4s <nc+ ccl 0hs *</ns % ch <n <sul 4s ccl 0hs bun? )*s0h )scs+ dsn h*0u*+% dc"b h h*c u*gcn3+% <nc< nscs b hl h ch*c s"h* ls)ss unus b0 nu l"h* chls2sch d*c) ls)ss : 0snusul cs sc /cdc 0hCs0. Tbh c luc*+*slc /sc3ss dc)snd dc <n*<u*s*ch cs 4s bh c"s cc* cbn2s*0h*ch% c+cs b ul *cbusc s+ 2sc cu c*csc*. Cbns + dsn *"b <nclsnh*c <nn+scu + c+ *c b cc"s 0hs )b *s/s cu *h3sunch% <nsb3sndu"sc b dchunh cu cc"s 0hs ns0c*s . '5. D!!*ndc4tc 4spstsch03s rcputhsh. C u.u2*uc ul 2hs0cs. Cbs + scu0)% 2ssndc+ nh4 c dsn c0sncn3c% ch*c s<n lh 2cl dc *h*c )c c< dc cb0unc s<n 0cdsbc*s +3slc. B dh + dbb<nds +% c lcsnc dc )+s *h . Bblsg+ 0ul 4s *chls.ch.+ 4s 0hs 0ul . P*sn subls0s h ch b*sgsnss 4s"h s2c*cs shlc c un sbs dc 0hscs h c c<nd dc/snc /cnc*h3sc: b u4s% nu0hs *c)u h3sh subs hn3shl+ c 0c*cu /hlb*bhs+. '8. *ncskrch03s !snh%. Phssunslc s<n )b* s3clc cugc ulus. Cch 0hs )*hc sc+ 4 ssn3+ cbns + <n dsss0ulh*c: csnc Dbhc+ dcscb)c*s *ssc+ s+ )sh*d+. Rc.c*/h )*cchu ulus lu) c cu h cn3sh cu*sbsulus? lsnc4slb* cu/<n ulus. sc)sslc l+un *ulus. Gus ul nu"3s 2sc cunbscu % )cn *u h nu"3s 2s )*c/cns % dc unss ch s+"& cbn *h.sc+% dc hl3ss ch s+"& 0+gulchsc+. ''. Rchlsthtc 4s hphrcn%. Luc*u*slc nu *cc d*c) ccch cc s<n % cs d*c) ccch cc )h*: s<n *h*s ccs cc )*s/csc )c dsn+un *u 4s 0ul3s ccs cc sc 0ul3u0csc cu h)h*cn3h. Nu c dc"hDuns s+ hs d*c) h c cu chs) dc *ch"c*cdsn3+.
'A& Dcsprc "hrch ssndcrc06 C2. Cr., SSS: Dssc, @#SS: Br., '7: Crst., SS% &&. Ssn3dcrc0h shu% cu0 h0 cchs/hlh hl cb*s% !unul3ss", )*b/snc dc lh g*. s9ntcrcsss, )+s *h*c% cbnsc*/h*c% 4s dcnu0c4 c /s* u ch 4s ch)hcs h ch nh u*hl+ 4s <nn+scu + h su2lc ulus dc cunbh4 c*c 4s <n3clcgc*c h )*sncs)sslb* 0b*hlc ch*c nc cc* s+ *+s0 d*c) 4s cu/ssncsbs% <n c*0snblbgsh hscc sc+% s)*c dcbscbs*c dc ssncsdc0 ;g*. s9ncsdcsss). ch*c dcnu0c4 c ch)hcs h ch dc h h)lsch )*sncs)sslc gcnc*hlc hlc Dudcc+3ss 0b*hlc lh ch.u*s )h* sculh*c. Tc*0cnul dc ssndcrc0 sc 2blbsc4 c 4s <n scnsul 0hs gcnc*hl dc dsscc*n+0<n % *h3sunc )*hc sc+ shu bun"ss03. Pcn *u b dsscu3sc 0hs h0+nun3s +% /c.s Hcll0u Jhnscn% Dsc Grund!c#rskkc dcs Bhlthshr Grhcsn, cd. cs .% )). 66 4s u*0. '8 *ncskrch03s !snh6 C2. Cr., SS: Br., &69%&(A. '' Rchlsthtc 4s hphrcn6 C2.% Dssc., @SSS: Br., '(% &69. 274 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS
&99. Br!ht dc0h"#st%6 c*c4 sn <n3clc) % cu* chn 2slb.b2. Dh* s+ nu )h*s h4h. nccu0 s"b ss0ulc.s. Kslb.b2h*ch c dssc*cds h +% dc4s c <ndclc nscs*c dc c+)c cnsc h"n3clc)3slb*. ssn3h cu0sn3slb* nu 0hs h*c hu b*s h c. Scncch h sn *bdus"b lh Rb0h: s"h )+s *h b /*c0c )c lh cu*3s: h.s *ccc d*c) s0)c* sncn3+. Dc.h0+gs*ch h 2bs <ns+ b dchunh h*hnh )*udcn3cs% dcs2+ h*ch sn cg*s +3ss. &9&. 8u"thtc dc lu"c s*dc dc cchlhlt 7u"thtc, *n pr!stsh tutur!rh%. Shu b ul c bun% shu b ul c *+u% du)+ )+*c*s: unul gbnc4 c du)+ ccch cc hl ul )*sgbnc4 c. P*bs snsu)b* hbsl ccl cc /*ch s+ b*dbnc.c b*scc bbscc du)+ )*b)*su"s cbncc) . Dcs+/<*4s*slc nu dc)snd dc un ssngu* )lhc? h < ch gus u*s c< c chs)u*s% 4s lh 2cl dc /h*sh c. Nu"s dc2cc 2+*+ h2cc % nscs nu *cbusc s+ c dcscu0)+nc4 s dsn )*scsn+ c+ un hnu0s luc*u nu lc )lhcc unb*h% c+cs nu /b* ls)ss hl3ss ch*c s+"& )*c3ushsc+: dh* nscs h)lhu.clc hccs b*h s+ nu"3s 2sc )*slcD dc <n2u0u*h*c% )cn *u c+ hl3ss <l /b* cbndh0nh. Rcgulh hdc/+*h cs 0ul3u0s*s c h)*bbh*ch b+*bh3slb* *c)u h3s 4s ch*c"4s )b dh )+*c*ch
<n hcch b*dsnc dc luc*u*s. Nu *+s0 du)+ b ssngu*+ )+*c*c7% nscs du)+ un ssngu* bbsccs% nscs <n *"un ssngu* /chc. &97. St!"hc pcntru "hrs du"schs hs s!hrtcs%. <n *u)ul )*udcn3cs% b )s)b + nu c )h* ch cch 0hs nc<nsc0nh +% dcbh*ccc b 0h*c ch)hcs h c c hlc+ us + dsn )+*3s 0h*s. Bunclc nb*bhcc nu"& <0)b/+*ch.+ )c csnc 0c*s + hl clc 0hs 0h*s? ccch cc )cn *u unss c sndsgcs sc )cn *u hl3ss c <n2b0c h*c. Mul3s s<n ccs c+*b*h b*scc 2cl dc 0<nch*c 2bh* c hlcs lc chdc g*cu dsn chu.h )u3sn+ +3ss 2s*ss lb*% ncc*cscu + 4s ncn+scu + )cn *u sluDbc h < dc subls0c: *clh3sslc cu lu0ch ls sc h0+*1sc% sh* dsn )*scsnh 2u0u*slb* cc sc *sdsc+ dsn *c)u h3sh lb* chl)+% hDung s+"4s )sh*d+ ch)ul7: s<n <n 0h*c )*s0cDdsc <n lbcu*slc <nhl c% 4s nu"s <nch)c )sclch% )cn *u c+ nu <nch)c"n
&99& Br!ht dc0h"#st6 C2. Crst., S% >Cs s b*ulus": SS% 7. = Scncch% Scrss!rs, #. Dc nb h s *uc u*h *s 0sc+ h h2b*ss0ulus% )c ch*c h0 c+u h s"b )+s *+0% hscs ch 4s <n hl c lbcu*s% 4s <n *hducc*c. &9&& 8u"thtc dc lu"c...6 Ck. I*.% #% DC: C*s % S% && ;lh<ncc)u E? SS% &&. &9&7...b ssn#ur prcrc6 Scn sn3+ dsn Pc*ssus% B% B6? >/cllc suu0 cusFuc cs . ncc /b b /s/s u* unb" ;..Kscc+*ush h0bs3sh sh% nu *+sc4 s du)+ b ssngu*+ db*sn3+"E. &97& St!"hc...6 C2. Cr., S#: Dssc., @@: Br., 7'7. Rch0sn s0 c+ cC ul sns)s*h b* hl hccs us h2b*ss0 cs c G. Bb c*b $Dctts "c"!rh!sls, 2bl. (' /*.E. &977 ...s34s pshrd chpul6 C2. Scncch% Dc !rc sthtc sthc, @SSS% 5? >B Fuhn h0 chlsgsnss 0cn sbus nbs *ss bbscs 0hgnh 2clscs hs" ;>B% cc nb*s *+s)<ndc4 c )c 0sn3slc nbhs *c b 0h*c 2c*scs*c"E.

75B
cs nb*bcul. H*h c% h4hdh*% 0h*clc b+*bh c+ <nc+"s 0hs *+0<n s<nu*s )cn *u luc*u*s 4s 0hs 0h*s 4s 2ug+ cu cch 0hs 0h*c g*sD+ dc b*scc h* )u ch dh sc0nc dc sns0+ <ngus +. &96. 1sccrush dc"nsthtc pc "sur%. Ksc"3s bh c 2h) clc% dhc+ nu hlc unus *cgc% dc0nc dc unul% du)+ s2c*h h: )u* h*ch *cgchsc+% <n ls0s clc sb*3ss hlc cu0sn3s? subls0s h c <n 2h) c% clc/h3sc"n cugc +*s. s"n bh c hsc0usc" c unus *cgc% )*sn 0c*s c% dhc+ nu <n *chls h c% c+cs /c*s hbslh su/c*hns h c s + <n sn cg*s h ch 0b*h/u*slb*: nu /h h/ch dc cc s+ )s.0ushsc+ 0+*c3sh csnc"s )bh c 2s cCc0)lu. Mhs hlcs ccs dsn )*chD0h *bnulus s+ sh cc/h dsn hdc/+*h h su)c*sb*s h c: <0)+* +4chsc+"sc 0hs dcg*hb+ dsn <n.cs *+*slc 0hscs +3ss dcc< dsn cc*c0bnsslc /hns +3ss% 2+*+ h n+.us lh s0)c*2cc3sunch <n2u0u*+*ss% cs lh *clsc2h*ch 0sc.ulus. &9(. Sh pulsul slu7!cl!r%. <4s hu 2clu*s0ch lb*? cunbh4 c*c dc 0hgss *u 4s ch*c )*c sndc luh*c"h0sn c: unclc cc* cu*hD% hl clc sub sls h c. S<n 0hs lcsnc dc <0)lsns cclc ch*c dc)snd dc *cc s udsnc 4s 0hs g*cu cclc cc dc)snd dc h* s2scsu? cu b 2s*c bun+% nu c nc/bsc dc 0hs 0ul )cn *u hcclch: )cn *u hccs ch% nu"s dc"hDuns nscs bh + h cn3sh 4s /sgslcn3h. Hnc/bsbhs+ bcu)h3sc h gu/c*nh bh0cns% dh* 4s 0hs 4s ncbuns shu )*b4 s7? c nc/bsc dc c*csc* dublu c<nd hs dc"h 2hcc cu csnc n"h*c dclbc. SluDb+ dc nc<ndu*h cch ch*c c sblscs + )c dc"h"n *cgul% cu cchsu*s nu0+*h c 4s 0unc+ ncschs0bh +: 0hs bunc s<n cclc lsbc*c dc )lsc sschl+% <0bsn<nd /h*sc h ch cu g*h/s h ch% dcbh*ccc hl c*nh*ch <0)*bs)+ ch.+ gus ul. Cclc 0hs )*c3sbhsc s<n cclc cc )*csu)un b dc)cndcn3+ 0hs 0ul shu 0hs )u3sn <ndc)+* h +. s cch 0hs *ch c hccch ch*c lh u*0+ c 2hcc s+ hsu.s lh dcsc+*ch*ch b0cnchsc+6 4s% 0hs /<* bs% lh cch ds/sn+(.
&96&. ..dc"nsthtc pc "sur6 C2. I*.% >C+ *c cs s b*": S2bsc% @#S: Br., &8(. &9( Sh pulsul slu7!cl!r6 C2. Dssc, S: Hsc, @@@. &9(7 Hnc !s!hs !cuphsc...6 C2. Hsc, @@@? >Dbn Cs cbhn dc Cs0s*% c)sscb) dc Hucsch% )sld+ uns/c*shl+ )cn *u )*clh3s% dbc3s 4s s2sn3s...% cu b h < h )*udcn3+ ch 4s hscu3s0c% cu0)+nch <n *"b .s c+ c nc/bsc dc 0h*c c*csc* ch s+ gu/c*nc.s ncbuns 4s dc 4s 0hs 0ul ch s+ cbnducs sgnb*hn3s." &9(6 dcscrchrch !"cnchsc6 <n b*sgsnhl% %(h *cssdcncsh hu0hnh"% ssn hg0h cb0)lc + 2ssnd 7uscs! dc rcssdcncsh, hdsc+ Dudcch + dc dcsc+*ch*c% un 2cl dc >sn/cn h*"% cu0 h0 s)unc h.s% lh ch*c c*hu su)u4s ccs 0hs <nhl3s 2unc3sbnh*s lh cC)s*h*ch 0hndh ulus lb*% c<nd ls sc cc*ch sbcb chl+ h0+nun3s + dc 2clul cu0 4s=& <ndc)lsnssc*+. C2. Crst., SSS% &&? > *h b dc b0h* *cssdcncsh h sus 0snss *bs"% undc h0 *hdus ><ncc)u h cc*c sch0+ 0sns4 *slb* s+s" ;Uns/c*s% &'85% ). 567E. &9(( cch ds sn6 >Judcch h dc dcsc+*ch*c ds/sn+" c% dcssgu*% Judcch h dc h)bs% nu0s + 4s dc Cc*/hn cs >*cssdcncsh uns/c*shl" $D!n Hus7!tc, SS% (7E. 75A BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS
&9B. Nu ks !!!sst!r%. B0ul cu un ssngu* ncgb3 4s b ssngu*+ 0hnsc c dc bbsccs h)+s+ b*. Cbncs.sh c 0+guls bh*c 4s 0hs *cn hbsl+? c<4 sg+ )*sn cu* cnsc b cc )sc*dc )*sn scu* s0c. Cc"s bun% dc"s scu* % dc dbu+ b*s bun: 4s chsh* *+ul% dhc+"s )u3sn% nu"s h < dc *+u. Mhs c2schcc s<n chsn cscn3clc dcc< )cl clclc. s c un hdc/+* 4 su c+ b0ul lung *h* c )*scc)u 7% nu h < <n lh u*h 0h c*shl+ h s h u*ss% c< <n cch s)s*s uhl+ h dsscu*sulus. S<n bh0cns cc"s 0hs 0ul )b/h*+ dcc< )bdbhb+ uns/c*sulus% sculc hbhndbnh c% )c ch*c b3s lc bcblcsc. Dsscc*n+ b*ul s+ c/s c h dc*hnDh% 4s cu h < 0hs )u3sn )c 0h*slc )c*sbnhDc% ch*c *+scsc ncs)us dc bcu)h c% 4s"h* 2s 0hs *+u s+"& ulbu*s )c unul dsn *c clc dcc< b *cs ul lu0ss. Cc"s bsnc s)us sc s)unc su c. &9A. Nu khcc phrhd dc n!r!c%. Mhs 0ul b2cnsc.s l+ud<ndu" c cu *hngul dcc< cu )c*sbhnh. H"3s dh hc*c cs c bdsbs? <3s c*h dcs ul s+ 2ss )s.0us . Cbnssdc*h3sh b dbb<ndc4 s cu h < 0hs )u3sn cu c< b chu3s 0hs 0ul : ch dc)sndc dc *cs)cc ul cclb*lhl3s 4s% ch h h*c% nu b )b3s luh% cs s"b 0c*s3s )c"h cclb*lhl3s 4s s"b h4 c)3s. SluDbclc <nhl c cc* g*h/s h c )b *s/s + cCc*cs +*ss lb*% 2+*+ dc ch*c nu sc )b )*hc sch <n 0bd dc0n. P+s *ch."b )c cch cu/cns + ch s+ c hchs3s <n cscn3+ dc bblsgh3sslc lb*: n"b c)us.h% hDu "b: 4s b3s ccs cc 2hc )c hc s/ss 7 <n sluDb+ h*h + c+ n"b 0c*s hu 4s c+ *hngul lc c su)c*sb*. Dhc+ c s+ c h2s*0s% 2+"b 0hs dcg*hb+ )*sn c0sncn3h <n.cs *+*slb* hlc dcc< )*sn cc/h cC c*sb* 3sc% c+cs 4s un *cgc *cbusc /cnc*h 0hs 0ul )cn *u )c*sbhnh dcc< )cn *u su/c*hns h ch lus cC *snscc+. &95. Nu hrth "ulu"src dc ssnc%. Nscs nc0ul3u0s nu *+s% c+cs c 0scs0c% nscs sh ss2+cu % c+cs c )*bs sc. Lh 0hs b3s 0ul3u0s*ch
&9B& Nu ks !!!sst!r. C2. Dssc., #SSS: Br., 75: Crst., S% B. &9B7 !"ul lun# rhr c prsccput6 #c.s )*b/c*bul lh sncsc? >Hb0b lbngus *h*b sh)scns"% sdcc 2*cc/cn 2b*0ulh + dc G*hcs1n <n Crst. Dcs)*c hn cccdcn clc ls c*h*c% /c.s Rb0c*h Nh/h**b% Cl Crstsc!n, S% ). 7&A% nb h &7% 4s SS% ). 77&% nb h &(8. &9A& Nu khcc phrhd dc n!r!c6 C2. Dssc, S@% @S: Br., 87. &9A7 ccs cc thc pc hcts ss6 <n b*sgsnhl% %Jbs Fuc hhccn dcl hhccndhdb": hhccn3dhd! h*c dc bbsccs lh G*hcs1n un scns )b.s s/% >hc s/ 4s dslsgcn "% <n b)b.s3sc cu hh0hncr!, b0 ch*c sc )*c2hcc c+ cs c hc s/. ;<n Crst. h0 *c.bl/h hccs Dbc dc cu/sn c )*sn )c*cchch >b0 ch*c 2hcc *chb+" /s. >b0 ch*c sc h2l+"n *chb+"% b) <nd <ns+ hcu0% dc2sns s/% )cn *u >hc s/" /s. >h2c*h ".E Hscs <ns+ cC)*cssh c 2blbss + <n *"un <n3clcs b hl )csb*h s/% *h)b* <ndu"sc lh ccs ch*c% dsn l+ud+*b4sc% <4s cChgc*ch.+ 0ul s udsnch 4s s0)b* hn3h bcu)h3sslb*. #c.s RN"BM% ). 7&9% nb h &(. &95& ... "ulu"src dc ssnc6 C2. Dssc, SS: @SSS: Br., &(&% 7(A: Crst., S% 5: SS% B. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 277
nh4 c dsn sgnb*hn3+ 4s dc/snc b 2c*scs*c ncghsbhb+ ch*c% dc4s <n *c3snc )l+cc*ch% nu )+s *ch.+ *c)u h3sh. Cu0 nu )*scc)c dc"s+/<*4s*slc su)c*lh s/c hlc cclb*lhl3s% sc bucu*+ dc b*scc 0cdsbc*s h c /ulgh*+ h sh. Tb dchunh nc<nc*cdc*ch h 2bs nu dbh* cu0sn c% cs 4s u sl+% 2sc ch )*c/cdc*c% )cn *u ch bh c s+ shs+ bsnc% 2sc ch 0<ng<sc*c% dhc+ h* sc4s *+u: c+cs *cs *s4 slc sb*3ss nu"& su*)*snd )c ccl cc sc 4s c0ch dc clc. <nsu4s Hb0c* h3s)c4 c c< cbdh +% sh* HlcChnd*u chdc dsn *hngul 4s h0+gs*ch sh. Luc*u*slc h <*n+ dc 0ul c cs*cu0s hn3c% 4s ccch cc *su02h <n *"un lbc 4s <n *"b <0)*cDu*h*c% <n hl clc c4uch.+. Dh* sncb*sgsbsls h ch )*bs scs s + <n 2h) ul c+ 0ul3u0s*ch dc ssnc cch 0hs /hn+ s"h )*c2+cu <n 2lbh*c 4s s+0<n3h s sc <n0ul3c4 c 0c*cu. &98. Scurttur pcntru h ks pcrs!hn%6 h <n/+3h s+ c <ncbnDu*s. Rclh3sslc cu bh0cnss s<n 2bh* c c2schcc: sc <0)+* +4csc 0b*h/u*slc 4s gus u*slc% sc *hns0s 2s*ch 4s chsh* sngcnsb.s h ch )c ncss03s c. Rc)c.s ul% h4hdh*% ch + h sc hl+ u*h cu0)+ns ulus% 4s lh 2cl <n cclclhl c 2s*s: cu hcchs h /h dbb<nds 0bdc*h3sh 2+*+ /sblcn3+? c 0h*c dsb+csc h 4 s s+ c hcb0bdc.s7. Hl c*nh*ch cbn *h*sslb* <n2*u0usc3ch.+ uns/c*sul 4s"& <n *c3snc% sh* dhc+ )*bducc h*0bnsc <n b*dsnch nh u*hl+% 0hs 0ul + <n cch 0b*hl+. Kblbsc4 c" c dc hcchs + luh*c"h0sn c )bls sc+ <n hlcgc*ch h0scslb* 4s 0hs 0scslb*6 +s% c+cs )*sn cb0unsch*ch cC *c0clb*% sc /h )b *s/s b 0sDlbcsc 2bh* c dsscc*n+ bh*c. &9'. Nu ks sncrs"snht!r%. S<n bh0cns cu 2s*c s+lbh sc+% 2hc dsn bh c c*s0+% 4s nu dsn )h s0+% cs dh b*s + nh u*ss lb*: )c b3s <s cbndh0n+% )c unss )cn *u c+ hu 2+cu % )c hl3ss )cn *u c+ hu s+ 2hc+. C sc0n dc cugc 0hs *+u dcc< c*ud% 4s hnu0c Dbsnsc% 4s hcu.+ cu h < h ls)s+ dc 0+su*+% <nc< dsn h b0s 2hc b<*nc 7 ch s+ scbh + bchss
&98 Scurttur...6 C2. Crst, SSS% 8 4s &&. &987 s tc hc!"!dc0s6 Sub<n3clcs% cu cclclhl c )c*sbhnc. C2. Br., B8. &986 h"scsl!r 4s "hs "scsl!r6 Cchs/hl+0 Dbcul dc cu/sn c >2h0slsh*cs"">2h"0ulh*cs". &9' Nu G sncrs"snht!r6 C2. C*s % SS% &&. &9'7 dsn ht!"s khc !*"c6 C2. Mht, %, 6. >Gusd hu c0 /sdcs 2cs uch0 sn bculb 2*h *ss? c *hbc0 sn bculb ub nbn /sdcsO" ;>Dc cc /c.s )hsul dsn bchsul 2*h clus +u 4s b<0h dsn bchsul +u nu b scs <n sch0+O"E. Rb0c*h Nh/h**b ;BM% ). 7&B% nb h 6E 2hcc <n hccs scns b bbsc*/h3sc sngcnsbhs+? )*sn s). s#h sc <n3clcgc h < >b<*n+" <n gcnc*c c< 4s >g*sndh" shu >)un ch" chsculus $s#h dcl lh#r), cbn2b*0 uncs /c*ssuns s)hnsblc h cunbscu ulus )*b/c*b? >#c0bs lh )hDh cn cl bDb hDcnb% / nb lh /sgh dcl lhg+* cn cl nucs *b" ;Sbh*bsE% d*c) ch*c G*hcs+n h* u sls.h sn cn3sbnh /b. shch*% h scbh c ;>)h*h shch* lb* bDbs"E% )cn *u c+ un dclc0nul 4s /snul bc0hs cu hDu b*ul g*sn.ss sc scb shu sc cC *hg. 27$ BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS
cu clc: /+ h2s <n b lbcul% 2hc ghlc*+ dsn ccch cc h* )u ch 2s cls.cu. Dh* dhc+ sn c*/snc )hssunch% <0)sng b ul lh cC *c0. Ds0)b *s/+% bunh c*cdsn3+ g+sc4 c scu.+ lh bh c% dhc+ nu sn cn3sh% nch cn3sh. &&9. Nu h4tcpth s kss s!hrc *n hsksnst. C 0hCs0+ h cu0sn3slb* s+ sc lc)cdc dc luc*u*s <nhsn c dc h sc lc)+dh clc dc cs. <n/h3+ s+ 2hcs un *su02 chsh* dsn )*b)*sul +u s2<*4s % c+cs uncb*s 4s sbh*clc% <n )lsn+ s *+lucs*c% bbs4nusc4 c h sc *c *hgc du)+ un nb*% )cn *u ch ns0cns s+ nu"& /hd+ c+.<nd% 4s nc lhs+ ncdu0c*s3s dhc+ h h)us b*s bh. Kc*c4 c"3s 2ssn3h dc h)usu*s ch s+ nu"3s )lcsnchsc+ dc *cs *s4 s: nu h4 c) h s+ 3s sc"n bh*c+ s)h clc% c+cs /cs 2s <ng*b)h dc /su )cn *u 0<hns*c 4s 0b* )cn *u )*c3us*c7. P*scc)u ul <4s )cnssbnch.+ lh s0) chlul 4s nu h4 ch) + ch% )b scnsndu"sc% s+ s <*nchsc+ hbhb c dc *<s <n bsul hlc*g+*ss 6: 2*u0usc3ch s+"4s s)h*g+ bglsndh lh s0) 4s cu /sclcnsc% sh* nu cu nc*+bdh*c 0hs <*.su% /+.<ndu"4s dc.h0+gs*ch. &&&. S+ hs prsctcns%. C h dbuh 2ssn3+. B*scc )*sc cn c bun 4s <n3clc) )cn *u )*sc cn: <n *c cs% b ul scsc bsnc. #hlb*c.s h < h c< /b* ccslhl3s 4s. ch s+ /*ch% *cbusc s+ lc c<4 sgs gu*h )*sn sns0+. Nscs b /*+Ds b*sc nu sc cb0)h*+ cu bunul sc*/scsu% sh* )cn *u h c<4 sgh )*sc cnss ccl 0hs bun 0sDlbc c s+ lc 2hcs. Dc)sndc dc ccslhl3s b cc h/c0 0hs 0ul 4s 0hs bun. T*cbusc s+ *+s0 cu h0scs shu cu snh0scs: s *+dusc4 c" c .slnsc s+"3s hgbnssc4 s unul% dhc+ nu sn s0% 0+ch* h2cc ubs% c+cs unss <3s *+0<n cbn2sdcn3s *cc<nd )*sn *cu4s h clcc3sunss. &&7. C*4ts#3s ps!hsh su!src%. C+cs 4s Chu.h )*s0+ 4s su)*c0+ b )*c/cdc 4s b *<ndusc4 c% <n cclc 0hs dc sch0+ luc*+*s hlc shlc. Lh cbncc) sn *s )*sn h2cc . Unss sc <nc*cd h < dc 0ul <n 0c*s % <nc< dss)*c3uscsc s *+dusn3h: h cn3sh 4 sc <ns+ bsnc c< dc 0h*c c bcblul
75' SC...s!hrc *n hsksnst6 C2. Dssc, SS) Br., 78. &&97 ...pcntru prcusrc6 H0 3snu % ch )cs c b <n ch.u*slc hsc0+n+ bh*c% s+ )+s *+0 cbncs.sh cbns *uc3scs 0c bns0scc dsn b*sgsnhl% ch*hc c*ss sc+ dc hl 2cl lus G*hcs1n% 4s hl c+*cs <n3clcs cs c c+ >/cs 2s us h <nc+ dsn s0)ul /sc3ss 4s dc ccs cc c"h* )u ch *cg*c h% 4s dc ccs cc c*hu )lsns dc )*c3us*c )cn *u snc". & SB6 chlul... *n t!sul hlcr#rss6 #c.s <ndc0nul lus Hb*h3su $Cpsst!lc, S% &% 8='E? >Sbl/c scncsccn c0 0h u*c shnus cFuu0% nc )cccc hd cC *c0u0 *sdcndus% c slsh duch " ;>Hs <0)+*+" c? dcshh0+"3s chlul <0b+ *<ns ch s+ nu sc )b scnchsc+ bc0hs lh u*0+ <n *<sul 0ul3s0ss"% *hd. C. Lb/sncscuE.
111 Ss hs prsctcns6 C2. Br., &&6%&BA: Crst., S% 8: SS9 6. &&7& ...ps!hsh su!src6 T*hducc0 cC uhl s). psh h*scs!n, subs*c s)s*s uhl+% cbncc) cc hcb)c*+% c*cdc0% s2c*h g*. h#hpc, <n b)b.s3sc cu cr!s. S)*c s2<*4s ul h2b*ss0ulus h)h*c dc hl 2cl 4s chls2sch*ch hccs cs subs*s su)c*sbh*c d*c) >s)s*s uhl+" ;s). k!r"hl). Dc *c0h*ch c*0snblbgsh dc cC *hc3sc scblhs sc+ 4s cblbgsc+.
0c*s clb* ssngu*c dhc+ nu s<n hDu h c dc 2h/bh*c. Bun+/bsn3h <nlcsnc4 c 4s <nlbcusc4 c b ul: ch nu nu0hs )*csu)unc b dchunh <n.cs *+*slc% cs lc 4s )unc7% )*ccu0 cu*hDul% sn cg*s h ch% 4 ssn3h% )<n+ 4s dsscc*nc*ch: nu /cdc nscsbdh + lh u*slc u*< c% 2ssndc+ nu /*ch s+ lc /hd+. Nh4 c dc bbsccs dsn )b *s/s*ch 0h c*shl+ <n 2s*c% nh3sc% *udcnsc% )h *sc 4s sluDb+: cch s)s*s uhl+ c 0hs subls0+ <n <n.cs *+*s% <ndh b*s*s% *c)u h3sc% 0c*s c. Tbh + g*cu h ch c s"b c<4 sgs% c+cs dc )+s *h c lcsnc. Pb3s s"b dbb<ndc4 s )*sn s *+dhnss 4s s+"n/c3s h b 2blbss. &&6. Lh s!hrt prsclnsc, prc#tc4tc3tc dc cch strc#%. C chsb.us s+"3s 2hcs /h*h )*b/s.ss )cn *u sh*n+% 4s c 0hs lcsnc? s<n sc2 snc h uncs hh <*u*slc% c bcl4ug dc )*sc cnss. C bsnc s+ )us dcb)h* c )cn *u /*c0ch *ch% c+cs hd/c*ss h ch c scu0)+ 4s ls)ss + dc bh c7. S+ hs *c.c*/+ dc h0scs 4s dc *ccunbsc+ b*s% 2ssndc+ <n *"b bun+ .s /cs )unc )*c3 )c ccch cc hcu0 nu scs <n sch0+. MbDscsh nu h*c nscsbdh + )*sc cns lh )*bs)c*s h c% )cn *u c+"s ncsbcb c4 c6: lh *cs *s4 c% b ncsbcb csc cs )c ch. &&(. Nu c!ncurh nscs!dht%. B*scc )*c cn3sc cu b)b.s3sc 4 s*bc4 c *c)u h3sh: cb0)c s3sh <nclsn+ s0cdsh s+ s sg0h s.c.c ch s+ dssc*cds c.c. Pu3sns )bh* + *+.bbs csns s . C0ulh3sh dc./+lusc dc2cc clc )c ch*c cu* cnsh lc us hsc? 0ul3s hu *+s h)*ccsh3s c< s0) n"hu h/u cbncu*cn3s. Kbcul *s/hls +3ss h3<3+ shu *c<n/sc nclcgsus*slc 0bh* c% dc.g*bh)+ duhb*s *ccu c 4s h*hs *ccu c. Cb0)c s3sh <ncc)c cu dh*ch lh s/chl+ h )c clb*% hDu <ndu"sc cu b*scc )bh c 4s nu sc chdc% 4s cu bh c c+ uncb*s% bh chsh* ccl 0hs hdcs% Dsgns*slc nu"s h*0c dc 2blbs% <4s g+sc4 c b u4s <n clc b Dbsnsc+ 0ul3u0s*c )cn *u *+.bunh*c% 4s )c"hcchs h b scu u*+ cu h < h sc c% <nc< 2hcc s+ sh*+ dc )c )c c )*h2ul us +*ss. Bun+/bsn3h h 2bs b dchunh )h4nsc+% 4s *c)u h3sh bsnc/bs bh*c.
&&77 ...cs lc 4s punc6 Cu hl c cu/sn c% >lc )unc" hcblb undc nu cCss +% h *sbu"sndu"lc cus nu lc )bscd+. &&6 Lh s!hrt prsclnsc...6 Ck. Br., &BA: C*s % SS. 6. &&67 lspsst dc t!htc6 C2. B/sdsu% Trsstsh, &%'% B"A? >Dbncc c*ss sbs)cs% 0ul bs nu0c*hbss h0scbs? c0)b*h ss 2uc*sn nubslh% sblus c*ss" ;>C< s0) /cs 2s 2c*scc% h0scss c"0)*csbh*+. Dc sc"nnb*ch.+ /*c0ch% b ssngu* b s+ 2ss"% *hd. dc Tcbdb* Nhu0E: Scncch. Scrss!rs, S@? ><n Du*ul cclb* )u c*nscs s + d*bhsc dc )*sc cns" ;cd. cs .% ). &'E. &&66 ...ncs!c!tc4tc6 C2. )*b/c*bul? >Cuhndb cl /sllhnb cs 1 cn cl 0ulb% ns cbnbcc h Dsbs ns hl 0undb" ;Cb**chs% >C<nd 0bDscul c )c ch <*% nu"& 0hs cunbh4 c nscs )c Du0nc.cu% nscs lu0ch"E. &&( Nu c!ncurh nscs!dht6 C2. C*s % SS9 &&. 789 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL l HRTH PRUDCNTCS
&&B. Dcprsndc3tc cu chrhctcrclc rclc hlc ccl!r dsn hnturh7ul tu? lh 2cl% cu chs)u*slc u*< c: hs h"3s c dc"hDu b*h*c c<nd lh 0sDlbc c"h <*nh*c. S<n 2s*s s+lbh scc% dc nu )b3s *+s nscs cu clc% nscs 2+*+ clc. C% h4hdh*% b sscussn3+ s+ c bbs4nusc4 s *c) h % ch 4s cu u*<3cnsh% )cn *u h nu c luh )*sn su*)*sndc*c <n g*b.+/sh <0)*cDu*+*ss. P*s0h bh*+ <ns)+s0<n +% dh* <ncc ul cu <ncc ul <3s 0hs )sc*.s dsn )*s0h b*bh*c 2h3+ dc clc% sh* )*cchu3sh )*c/snc su)+*+*slc shu lc su)b* +7. &&A. Trhtch0 t!tdchunh cu !h"cns dc chlsthtc. Pb3s s+ c bblsgs 2h3+ dc cs 4s s+"s bblsgs. <ns+4s chls h ch lc c ccl 0hs bun .+lbg hl )u* +*ss% chsh* <n *"un cbn2lsc % )cn *u c+ hc3sbnch.+ h4h cu0 s<n : 4s c )*c2c*hbsl s+ lu)3s cu bh0cns dc bsnc dcc< s+ *su02s hsu)*h unb* bh0cns dc *+u&. Cu sc+lb4sh nu cCss + bunc *clh3ss% )cn *u c+ nu sc sbcb c4 c dh bh*c sn cg*s +3ss: dc hccch% <n *c sc+lb4s nu cCss + nscsbdh + )*sc cnsc hdc/+*h + 7 4s nscs h2cc3sunch lb* nu c dc sbs bun% 2ssndc+ nu sc <n c0csh.+ )c bnbh*c. Lch)+d+" c b dchunh dc b0ul 2+*+ ch% c+cs csnc n"b )*c3usc4 c nu )*c3usc4 c /s* u ch. Sh* bnbh*ch c *bnul sn cg*s +3ss. &&5. Nu !r!s nscs!dht dcsprc tsnc%. B*s hs s+ c lhu.s% 4s c <n2u0u*h*c% b*s hs s+ c blh0c.s% 4s c lh4s h c% 4s% ch 0snus dc cu0sn3cnsc <n ccl cc /b*bc4 c% c chsn )cn *u hscul + b*s. Dhc+ *cbusc s+ c/s3s h4h cc/h <n sn s0s h c% 0ul 0hs 0ul <n )bs u*s subls0c% undc /b*bc4 s <n )ublsc 4s undc *ccc nu0hsdcc< d*c) )*bs sc b*scc h)h*cn3+ h cs. Hcclh4s nchDuns dc cu0sn3cnsc <l db/cdc4 s 4s /b*bsnd dcs)*c ccs dc 2h3+% dsn chu.h )*s0cDdscs dc h c s.bs dc unh dsn hccs c dbu+ s <ncs? h lsngu4s*ss shu h bc+*<*ss. &&8. C*4ts#3s rcnu"c dc curtcnst!r%6 c+cs c dc hDuns s)*c h c 2hcc h)lhudhbsl. Cu* cnsh c )*sncs)hlh )h* c h cul u*ss% un sbs dc
&&B Dcprsndc3tc...6 C2. Br., (B%(5% 89%&&B%7'(. &&B7 ...sc sup!rt6 C2. B/sdsu% H*s h"ht!rsh, SS% A(5"A(8? >Gubd 0hlc 2c*s% hdsucscc: 2c*cs bcnc: 0ul h /c us hs lcns " ;>dc"hccch s+ chu3s H c dc)*sndc s+"ndu*s: s0)ul c nc c.s b*"% *hd. dc Mh*sh"#hlc*sh Pc *cscuE. &&A& !h"cns dc ru6 P*clu+0 ssn hg0h dsn b*sgsnhl% >gcn c dc 0hl"% )c ch*c Rb0c*h Nh/h**b% ncg+ssndu"s nscs b hl + h cs h*c% b cbnssdc*+ d*c) c*ch3sc h lus G*hcs1n% du)+ 0bdclul ssn hg0cs #cntc dc !scn. &&A7 prsctcnsc hdc rht6 C2. Cscc*b% Lhclsus, &8% AB? >H0scs3sh nsss sn c* bbnbs cssc nbn )bssc" ;>Nu )bh c cCss h )*sc cnsc dcc< <n *c ccs buns"E. &&5 Nu !r!s...6 C2. Cr., @#SS: Crst., SSS% 5 ;lh <ncc)u E. Unul dsn Dsstschh Cht!nss ;7%&A%&E <ncc)c hs 2cl? >Nc c cbnlhudcs% ncc c cul)h/c*ss s)sc". &&8 ... *cnu0c dc curtcnst!r? C2. I*.% @#H: B*.% (9%&&8%&BA%&8(%&'&%77A%757 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 78&
/*hD+% 4s hs 2cl h *hgc ss0)h sh u u*b*h: lh 2cl cu0 nccu* cnsh% dss)*c3ul 4s su)+*h*ch uns/c*shl+. Dhc+ hcchs h nh4 c dsn b*gblsu% c dc cs hbsl+: dhc+ dsn g*bsbl+nsc% dc0n+ dc dss)*c3. Cu* cnsh ch + h 2s b dchunh 0hs bsnc 0hs 0ul + dcc< 0hs )u3sn+% nu <ns+ cghl+ 7% c+cs h* dcgcnc*h <n ncd*c) h c? c sbcb s + ch b dh b*sc <n *c du40hns% /+.<ndu"ls"sc hs 2cl 0c*s ul. Cbs + )u3sn 4s /hlb*ch.+ 0ul : b*scsnc bnb*ch.+ c bnb*h . Kslb s0sh 4s
bnbh*ch hu un h/hn hD? 4s hnu0c c+ *+0<n% hccch cus b 2blbsc4 c% hcchs h cus b 2+u*c4 c. &&'. Nu tc khcc hntsphts0ht%. Nu *cbusc s+ )*b/bcs h/c*ssunch% c+cs ch 4s 2+*+ s+ /*cs d+ 2ugh. Mul3s u*+sc g*h us 7% 2+*+ s+ 4 sc cu0 shu dc cc. Rcscn s0cn ul <n *ccc bun+/bsn3h: )b*ns*ch c 0hs hc s/+ 4s 0hs )*b0) + lh *+u dcc< db*sn3h lh bsnc. Unss 0b* s+ sc )un+ *+u cu b3s% dh b*s + 2s*ss lb* s*s hbslc shu s*s hn c. s dhc+ u*h h)uc+ s+ sc <ns +)<nchsc+% ch% ch 4s )*bhs h *c)u h3sc% c g*cu dc 4 c*s. Dc bh0cnss Dudscsb4s sc c0% )c clc/c s b*s <s u*+sc% dc /hns b4s lc c sc<*b+% )c .c2lc0s b*s <s dc cs +% )c b*sgsnhls <s lhs+"n )lh h lb*. H*h + dccs c+ s s0c.s ch s+ 2ss s s0h % sh* dc /*cs s+"3s 2hcs chs+% 2+ ch. dc ccslhl3s. &79. Trsc4tc cu" sc !!s4nusc4tc%. P<n+ 4s 4 ssn3h *cbusc s+ 2sc lh 0bd+% 4s c<nd nu cs c% *cbusc s+ 4 ss h b 2hcc )c sgnb*hn ul. Dsscu*su*slc 4s gus u*slc sc schs0b+ du)+ /*c0u*s 7? nu *cbusc s+ /b*bc4 s du)+ 0bdh /cchc 4s *cbusc s+"3s cbnducs gus ul <n chs) 0bdc*n. Gus ul ch)c clb* 6 d+ scn sn3h <n b*scc 2cl dc luc*u*s. Cl
&&87 nu *ns c#hl6 H0clb % <n *hducc*ch sh% h0sn c4 c c+% du)+ Juhn Ru2b $Hp!tc#"hs. &77E% h c )u* h cu b3s bh0cnss lh 2cl h* <nsc0nh s+ bcs 4s s+ 0+n<ncs dsn *"un ssngu* /hs 4s s+ hs )<snch 4s cch)h cu hcclh4s cu3s . &&' Nu c khcc hntsphts0ht6 C2. Dssc., @#S: Br., A. &&'7 Muls ursc #rhtust6 C2. S!hn, &B% 7B? >Fush bdsb hhbuc*un 0c g*h ss" ;>0"hu u*< )c dcgchbh"E. &79& Trsc4tc3n phs cu rc"ch6 <n b*sgsnhl% Ds ss h S! pltsc!, hdsc+ > *+sc4 c h4h cu0 sc )*hc sc+". C2. Dssc., #% @S@: Br., (6% &79% &66% &BB. &797 cu" sc !!s4nusc4tc6 <n b*sgsnhl% >h sc0)bs"% lbcu3sunc sn c*)*c h + ch ssnbns0+ cu >h /cccs" ;>uncb*s" shu >)c *<nd"E% <n RN"BM% ). 76B% nb h (: shu cu >cn cbn2b*0sdhd cbn lbs sc0)bs" ;>cbn2b*0 /*c0u*slb*"E% <n HH"BG. BC. ). &8Bb. nb h A. B) +0 )cn *u hccs h dsn u*0+. &796 Gustul chpctcl!r6 <n b*sgsnhl% >Cl gus b dc lhs chbc.hs". B*% ch!c0hs, 2+*+ chls2sch s/ 2h/b*hbsl ;bunc% 0hs bunc c c.E h*c b nuhn3+% s)unc Rb0c*h Nh/h**b ;RN"BM. ). 76B"76A% nb h AE% dc subh)*ccsc*c% dcbh*ccc% dc4s h*c b /hlbh*c snds"/sduhls.hn + 4s dc )c*sbnhls.h*c u0hn+% ch!c0h ;ch)E sc h)lsc+ 4s lh <n *cgul unus hns0hl shu hl uncs /s c dc b*scc s)ccsc% sh* dhc+ 2h0slsslc c*hu nu0+*h c% <n /cdc*ch 2sC+*ss s0)b.s clb*% du)+ nu0+*ul dc ch)c c% b du)+ ch)c c sc nu0+*hu 4s u*0clc dc /s c: ch h h*c% >cl gus b dc lhs chbc.hs" cchs/hlch.+ cu gus ul cclb* 0ul3s shu hl cclus 0hs 0h*c nu0+*% cu b nuhn3+ clh* dc)*ccsh s/+. 2$2 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNTCS
*cbusc u*0h c< 3snc 4s *sdsch lh c0sncn3+: cu0sn clc bbs4"nushsc+"sc cu )*c.cn ul% chsh* dhc+ 0hs bun s sc )h*c *ccu ul% h < <n )bdbhbclc su2lc ulus% c< 4s"n cclc hlc *u)ulus. Nu0hs <n s2c*h bsnclus nu c /hlhbsl+ hcchs + *cgul+ dc /sh3+% )cn *u c+ /s* u ch *cbusc )*hc sch + b dchunh. H s)unc hdc/+*ul% h c 3snc dc cu/<n hu 4s hDuns cc/h nccunbscu 4s )h* dsn hl c /*c0u*s% sh* b+*bh3ss buns )h* 2+cu3s du)+ /*c0u*slc bunc(% dc4s 0c*cu subs3s: h4h <nc< % dhc+ 0hs s<n c<3s/h% nu s<n lh 0bd+ 4s nscs s0s h3s. B% 0h*c ncnb*bcs*c h /chculus nbs *u% ch /s* u ch s+ )h*+ csudh + 4s *+u h ch bbs4nus +Q Dsscc*n+ b*ul *+shsc+ dccs cu0 )bh c% dhc+ nu cu0 h* /*ch. S+ sh d*c) 0hs bun cc s"h h+*+.s % nu cc s"h *c2u.h sbh* h. &7&. Nu khcc ch0 dsn n!n3ch0%. H4h cu0 unss dsn bh c 2hc hh.% h4h 2hc hl3ss ch. dsn bh c? /b*bcsc b dchunh cu s0)b* hn3+% shu bh c dc bunc% 2+c<nd bbscc dc dss)u + 4s 0ss c* dsn b*scc. Pu3snc luc*u*s su)+*+ bh*c *cbusc luh c <n sc*sbs% c+cs h* 2s b <n/c*4unh*c ncsc*sbhs+: h* <nsc0nh s+ )*bccdc.s )c dbs dhc+ hs )unc lh sns0+ cclc c+*b*h *cbusc s+ lc"n b*cs s)h clc. Mul c luc*u*s ch*c c*hu cc/h% b dh + )+*+ss c n"hu 0hs 2bs ns0sc: sh* hl clc% ch*c nu c*hu ns0sc% hu <nsc0nh 0ul )cn *u c+ s"h 2+cu ch. dc clc. Lh"ncc)u c u4b* s+ cu*0s b*scc% dh* 0hs <*.su% nu. Dcscb*s% <nsu4s lchcul 2hcc bbhlh. s nscs nu"s cch 0hs )*bhs + *cgul+ dc /sh3+ s+ lh4s b ul <n )hcc. &77. Hut!rsthtc *n !r! 4s3n khpt%. <4s 2hcc 0ul lbc )cs c b 4s"4s c<4 sg+ hn scs)h *cs)cc ul. Sn*<u*c4 c b ul% cbn/c*sh3sh% )*c"dsch*ch% )<n+ 4s u0blc ul 4s chsh* )*s/s*ch 4s /bsn3h7. C 0h*c /sc b*sc s+ ch) s/c.s sns0slc. Nu nh4 c dsn cu c.hn3+ )*bs chsc+% nscs dsn +*+g+nchlh )lsc sss bh*c% cs <n *"b dc0n+ )*cs hn3+ n+scu + dsn 2s*ch su)c*sbh*+ 4s hDu h + dc 0c*s c.
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&76. B" nchkcctht%. Lh )lus dc <n.cs *+*s% 0snus dc h2cc h*c% c+cs bbs4nusc4 c h 2s s sg0h ul /ulgh* hl u u*b*h. C b h < dc su)+*+ bh*c7 )cn *u ccslhl3s )c c< dc h)+s+ bh*c )cn *u ccl cc"b <n *c3snc% dcbh*ccc *+sc4 c ch 0uccnsc hl g*sDss 4s sc b* u*ch.+ cu *sgu*b.s h ch. Cu ch% <nsc4s c0sncn3clc <4s )sc*d 0c*s ul% dcbh*ccc s<n Dudcch c ch n+scu c 0hs dcg*hb+ dsn sslnscsh h* s2scsbhs+ dcc< dsn nh u*h lsbc*+% sh* b cc c nh u*hl h 2bs b dchunh 0hs )l+cu dcc< h* s2scshlul6. H2cc h3ss s<n sbcb s3s d*c) s *+sns dc bbscc ul h2cc +*ss lb*(. Cu c< 2hcs 0hs bsnc cc/h% *cbusc s+ hscun.s 0hs 0ul c2b* ul% ch s+ sc /hd+ c+ dcs+/<*4s*ch )bgbh*+ dc lh ssnc. Dh* nscs% ch s+ c/s3s h2cc h*ch% nu c+dch <n ch% bs cn <nd nch2cc h*ch. Dsscc*n+ b*ul s+ nu sc h*h c nscsbdh + cbn4 scn dc 0c*s clc shlc% dcbh*ccc <ns+4s nc)+sh*ch *c.c4 c <n ccslhl3s h cn3sh. C dc dbu+ b*s c0sncn ccl cc <nchsdc bh c )c*2cc3sunslc <n ssnc. 4s nscs unh <n )*c3us*ch lb*% 4s hDungc )c un d*u0 b)us lh 3sn h h)lhudhbsls +3ss. &7(. S h7un#s h ks d!rst%. Pu3sns hu hDuns lh b hsc0nch ss0)h sc h bh0cnslb*% sh* dhc+ h cu0sn3slb*7% 2c*scs*c. C bbs4nus + *+cchlh 2h3+ dc ccs h2lh3s lh s2<*4s . S<n 0sDlbhcc )cn *u h 0c*s h hccs )*c0su dc h2cc3sunc? c0sncn3h <n sluDb+ 4s"n <n.cs *+*s c ssgu*+: h0hbsls h ch% c2schcc. Sc 2hcc dc)cndcn3h dsn
c0sncn3+% hs 2cl <nc< s+ sc bbsc*/c c+ *hngul h h/u nc/bsc dc snc% nu u dc *hng? unss bnb*ch.+ )bs u*slc% )c hl3ss <s bnb*ch.+ clc. Nu c h/hn hD s+ c 2hc+ bun *+ul cc"3s u*0ch.+% c+cs hs h nu <nsch0n+ c+ c4 s hbsblu db*s % cs c+ c ccl+lhl dc cs h .
&76 B" nchkcctht6 C2. Cs., @#SS: Dssc% S@: CrsL, S% 5. &767 suprt!hrc6 C2. Gusn slshn% Dc snstst., S% A% (9? >nshsl cs bdsbssus h22cc" h sbnc" ;>ns0sc nu c 0hs su)+*+ b* dcc< h2cc h*ch"% *hd. dc M+*sh Hc cbE: 4s B. Chs sglsbnc% SS C!rtc#shn!, &% 7( 4s 78. &766 nhturhl... "hs plcut dcc*t hrtskscshlul6 H s udsnch )c*s)cc s/ss + <s )c*0s c lus G*hcs1n s+ 2b*0ulc.c hcchs + sdcc h)h*cn cC *hncc c*c.ulus s+u cs c sc% ch*c )unc <n )*s0")lhn s0)b* hn3h h* s2scsulus% h )*cluc*+*ss nh u*hlulus )*sn h* +. h sn c*/cn3scs b0ulus <n nh u*+ )*sn cul u*+. B h2s*0h3sc hsc0+n+ bh*c cu cch dc 0hs sus <n <lns0 <ns+ 4s <n Crst., SSS% 79? >C*ccd0c Fuc bdb Sb h* s2scshl cs sb0b*h dc Sb nh u*hl% ! nb 0hs Fuc un *c0cdb." &76( strsns dc !!scctul hkcctrss l!r6 Hdsc+% h4h cu0 h *hgc h cn3sh RN"BM% ). 7(7% nb h 8% >cc h*+3s 4s /*cs s+ )h*s hs h c4 s 0hs )u3sn" $Crst, &.5% Uns/c*s% ). &76E shu% cbn2b*0 )*b/c*bulus culcs dc Rbd*<guc. Mh*sn% >Ds0c dc Fuc c hlhbhs ! c ds*+ Sb Fuc c 2hl h" ;>S)unc" 0s cu cc c lhu.s 4s"b s+"3s s)un cc"3s ls)sc4 c"E. &7( S+ h7un#s h & d!rst6 C2. 2s*.% @SS: Dssc., @S. &7(7 dhc h cu"snpl!r6 P*b)b.s)c cls) sc+% sc )bh c su)lsns hs 2cl? >sh* dhc+ Hhu hDuns lh cchP h cu0sn3slb*..." 78( BRHCBLUL" MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS
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&7B& ...ch* c crdc6 C2. Crst., SS% &&. Rch0sn s0 c+ )*sn >ch* c /c*dc" ;s). >lsb*b /c*dc"E G*hcs1n <n3clcgc hscs% ch 4s <n Crst., b >cbndsc+ h nclcgsus*slb*". Ls!r! crdc c*h ch* ch <n ch*c sc <n*cgss *h gcnchlbgsh >c*c4 snslb* nbs" $c!n crs!s, c/*css cbn/c* s3s lh c*c4 snss0E. Chrtch crdc h H*hgbnulus h 2bs *cdhc h + lh s2<*4s ul scc. hl @#"lch. C2. 4s Crst., SSS. A c c. &7A& Nu c pr!st csnc khcc pr!stsh...? C2. Cr.. SS) Br., 7A7: Crst., SS9 &&. &7A7 Sc "snt6 <n b*sgsnhl% >0scn cn" ;0sn E% ch*c nu h*c <ns+% c*cdc Rb0c*h Nh/h**b% nscs un scns. d*c) ch*c )*b)unc cb*cc u*h >0scn hn"% dc lh "cnlhr, h 0cn3sbnh% h )b0cns% /c.s RN"BM% ). &7A% nb h 8. Cu bh c hccs ch% nbu+ nu ns sc )h*c s0)bssbsl dc sn c*)*c h nscs 2b*0h >0scn cn" dsn cC % dc lh "cntsr, h 0sn3s% /c*b )*c.cn <n cC clc lus G*hcs1n 4s cu <n3clcsu*slc dc h dcghs.h% h hscundc% h 0hsch% h 2hlss2sch% h h0+gs% h 2*us *h% u sls.h + dc hu b* )cn *u h hssgu*h )h*hlclss0ul cu >dcs0scn cn"? >lbs shghccs dcs0scn cn lhs hcchhs% ! lbs nccsbs 0scn cn lhs )b* hhcc*". C*cdc0 c+ 0cn2s* *cbusc sn c*)*c h <n hccs ch. ch h/<nd b /hlbh*c ds*cc *hn.s s/+ /sblcn +% scnsul 2ssnd >lc 0sn "% hdsc+ >lc dhu d*c) hdc/+*h c". CCss cn3h h < b* cbns *uc3ss )c*cchc <n cC clc hu b*ulus cbns s usc un h*gu0cn )u c*nsc )cn *u )+s *h*ch 2b*0cs >0scn cn". chsh* dhc+ <n *"b hccc)3sc 2b*3h + 4s )c*sbnhl+% <0)*cDu*h*c 2bh* c 2*cc/cn + lh G*hcs1n. &7A6 sn!ccnt... s#slcnt6 P*b)unc0 hcchs + nbu+ sblu3sc dc cchs/hlh*c h Dbculus dc cu/sn c dsn cC ? >chs b... chu b"% <n lbcul )c*cchss >)*ch chs = )*cchu "% dsn )*s0h /c*ssunc h *hducc*ss. G*hcs1n )b*nc4 c dc lh )*b/c*bul >Ss nb c*cs chs b sc chu b" ;Cb**chsE% ch*c *hducc )*b/c*bul lh sncsc >Sss chs sb*% sbdhlss% hu sss chu" sb*". C2. 4s >chu c nsss chs c". BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 78B
*sss dc2cc clc nscs cs 4s nscs chsh*% dc"s cu )u sn3+% sdcn s +3ss hlc(. Tc )b3s <ns+ 2blbss hscs dc cchlhl + *cgul+ dc /sh3+% s+ <n/c3s h us hB. &75. Dc0sn !lturh *n t!htc%. C /sh3+ h <n.cs *+*slb*% su2lu hl /b*bs*ss% su2lc hl 2+) us*ss% *clsc2 hl <nsc4s *clsc2u*slb*. Cclclhl c )c*2cc3suns s<n b*nh0cn hl nh u*ss% dh* dc.sn/bl u*h c chsh* hl )c*2cc3sunslb*? )<n+ 4s"n 2clul dc"h g<nds c cclcb*h +. snc ccl 0hs 0ul dc )*s/slcgsu 7% s *+dhnscs <s cs c ccl 0hs )u3sn dh bh*c% c+cs c su)c*sbh*+ 4s dsscs)lsncs: *ccc dc u4u*sn3+ 4s <n *ccc clcghn3h: )*csu)unc h)lb0b 4s hdhug+ dcs+/<*4s*c. K+*+ ch% b*scc 2*u0usc3c c 0bh* +% 4s b*scc g*h3sc% ds.g*h3sc. C cb0unschbsl+ cu*hDulus% <n3clc)csunss% )*udcn3cs% <nsc4s 0hscs +3ss. C scu* + u*+ )bls sc+ <n *c.bl/h*ch *cbu*slb* dc s h 4s sc4s*c cul + dsn b*scc s0)hs. &78. Clc hsc dc cu#ct%. Sc nu0+*+ )*sn *c cclc 0hs dc sch0+ cc*sn3c ch s+ 2ss c*bu% dcbh*ccc <n2l+c+*ch.+ c+ *c bh c 2clu*slc dc 0+*c3sc? *clsc2ch.+ gus ul% 0+*c4 c sns0h% <nhl3+ g<nds*ch% <nnbbslch.+ cbnds3sh 4s )*cdss)unc lh 0hscs h c. B*sundc s"h* h2lh% sc dss sngc% sh* uncb*s% dc.0sn3s + dc )s.0h sb*3ss% sc 2hcc 2b* c s+ *bnc.c: sc l+*gc4 c <n /bsn3+% b*sc< h* 2s dc 0+*gsns + <n )u sn3+. s"b *ccunbsc d*c) s./b* 0+*sns0sh% nbblc3ch 4s b*scc <n.cs *h*c c*bsc+. &7'. Nu tc pl*n#c nscs!dht%. Pl<ngc*ch dssc*cds ch.+ b dchunh. Mhs 0ul sluDc4 c ch )*b b s) dc bb*+.nscsc )cn *u )h s0+ dcc< dc cbnsblh*c )cn *u cb0)+ s0s*c: dcschsdc d*u0 cus b hudc% ch s+ 2hc+ lh 2cl% sh* 4 s*ch b2cnscs cclus dsn <s c dsscul)+ )cn *u cc"& dc"hl dbslch.
&7A( h :su3s "rtursss dckcctclc... nscs chshr... sdcntstss thlc6 Rcgul+ s *h cgsc+ 4s hc sc+ h )*udcn3cs g*hcshnc4 s% 3sn<nd dc hccch4s s2c*+ h >dsss0ul+*ss" bh*bcc% )c ch*c h0 <n <lns "b <n h < ch *<ndu*s. P*cchu3sh <s cc*c dccs >)c*sbhncs" s+ nu"4s 0+* u*sschsc+ dc2cc clc nu nu0hs )*sc cnulus sn s0% dcbh*ccc 4s cl s"h* )u ch 2blbss c<nd/h dc hcchs + hsn+ <0)b *s/h h% dh* nscs chsh* 3sc <nsu3s% )*b)*scs hlc >sdcn s +3s"% dc4s nb3sunch dc >sdcn sdhd" )h*c ;RN"BM% ). 7('% nb h &BE ls)ss + dc b*scc 2undh0cn c s0blbgsc shu u.uhl% )*c.cn <nd dbh* b /hg+ hnhlbgsc cu pcr3s!nhc sdcntsths dsn ls0bhDul Du*sdsc. C2. 4s )*b/c*bul s)hnsbl >Dcscub*s0c h cl cb0b h0sgb% ! h*0bsc0c cb0b cs sgb" ;Rbd*sguc. Mh*sn% >M"h0 h*+ h lus ch )*sc cn% 4s 0s s"h <nh*0h ch 0h* b*"E. &7AB s *n cs h usth6 Cs c chsh* c)sg*h2ul Br., 7A7. &75& Dc0sn !lturh *n t!htc6 C2. Cr., SSS.
&757 prs slc#su6 <n b*sgsnhl% >)*s/slcgsb"% cu scnsul dc dh* <nn+scu . &78& Clc hsc dc cu#ct6 C2. Cr., S#. &7' Nu tcplln#c nscs!dht6 C2. Br., 1<5) Scncch% Dc th, :, 66%&. 78A BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS
Unss% cu )l<ngc*slc lb* dcs)*c Dsgns*slc *ccu c% dhu )*slcD cclb* /ss bh*c 4s% )*c sn.<nd lchc shu 0<ng<sc*c% h *hg sh ss2hc3sh 4s chsh* dss)*c3ul cclb*lhl3s. B 0hs bun+ )bls sc+ c s+ )*bsl+/c4 s <ndh b*+*slc unb*h% ch s+ lc s ch chc.h4c hl b*h% sh* c/bch*chUnb* hh <*u*s 2+cu c dc hbscn3s <nsch0n+ h lc sblscs h cclb* )*c.cn3s? <nsch0n+ h /sndc hl b*h c*cds ul unb*h. Sh* b+*bh ul h cn s+ nu"4s 2hc+ nscsbdh + )ublscc nscs *cs *s4 slc% nscs dc2cc clc? )*c3us*slc <ns+ dh% c+cs clc sc*/csc lh <ncu*hDh*ch )*sc cnslb* 4s dcscu*hDh*ch du40hnslb*. &69. 1 4s k s phr%. Luc*u*slc nu *cc d*c) ccch cc s<n % cs d*c) ccch cc )h*7. H /hlb*h 4s h 4 s s"b h*+3s <nsch0n+ h /hlb*h dc dbu+ b*s? ccch cc nu sc /cdc c ch 4s cu0 n"h* 2s. Nscs *h3sunch <ns+4s nu c /cnc*h + c<nd n"h*c 2h3+ )c 0+su*+. S<n 0ul 0hs 0ul3s h0+gs3ss dcc< h/s.h3ss: )*ccu0)+nc4 c h0+gs*ch% sh* luc*u*slc s<n Dudcch c dsn h2h*+. CCss + luc*u*s ch*c s<n cu b ul hl 2cl dc cu0 )h*. CC c*sb*ul )l+cu c cch 0hs bun+ *ccb0hndh*c h )c*2cc3sunss l+un *scc6. &6&. 1sl!ts"sc dc chrhctcr%. Su2lc clc <4s hu gcn slc3ch lb*% b g*h3sc h s)s*s ulus% cu hlc c+*us hc3suns 2slb s0c b sns0+ sc u0)lc dc dss snc3sc. Nu lc c dh + u u*b*h% c+cs )*csu)unc 0+*sns0sc. P*s0h cs )*cbcu)h*c cs c s+" 4s /b*bchsc+ dc bsnc du40hnul 4s s+ hc3sbnc.c 0hs bsnc. Cch 0hs 0h*c s *+lucs*c 4s"b /+dc4 c <n ss uh3sslc *+.bun+*ss? nu s lc hnulch.+% cs s lc h0clsb*ch.+% )*c"schs0b<nd"b% c<nd c ccl 0hs h)*bh)c dc bs*usn3+% <n *"b ncg<nds + gcnc*b.s h c. Cs c 4s )bls sc+% bh chsh* lh0u*h *h3sunss dc S h . Nu 2hcc nscsbdh + )h*hd+ dc *su02u*s% c+cs dc ns0sc nu 2hcc% sh* c<nd s lc dbb<ndc4 c 0c*s ul% s lc hscundc ss0)ls h ch. &67. 1 u0 dc hrhsskht%. Chlch *c)*s/s*ss c cch 0hs ssgu*+% 4s 0hs hlcs c<nd sh ss2hc3sh nu c /+ds +: lhs+"3s s0)% 2sc ch s+ hccc)3s% 2sc
&69 1 4s k s phr6 C2. Dssc.% SSS) Br., ''. &697 ... ccch cc )h*c? Rcsh sdcn sc )*s0h 2*h.+ dsn Br., ''% ch <ns+4s )*cluh + dsn Dssc., @#SS. Ch /h *ch)+*ch h)*bh)c sdcn sc <n Crsl, S. Rb0c*h Nh/h**b ;RN"BM% ). &'A. nb h &E cs ch.+ 4s scn sn3h s hlshn+ %JLc cbsc nbn sbnb cb0c sbnb% 0h cb0c ss /cdbnb" ;>Luc*u*slc nu s<n cu0 s<n % cs cu0 sc /+d"E. &696 h pcrkccsunss luntrscc6 C2. )*b/c*bul ;Cb**chsE >Lh bucnh ch*+ cs ch* h dc *ccb0cndhcsbn" ;.2h3h )l+cu + c sc*ssbh*c dc *ccb0hndh*c"E. &6& 1sl!ts"sc dc chrhctcr6 C2. Dssc.% S") Br., 7B'. &67 1 u0 dc hrhsskht6 C2. Dssc, S9 ") Br., &(%BB% 59: Crst., S% &9. Rcc!n3sc7! c un cu/<n c*ch dc G*hcs1n% lh 2cl ch 4s hl clc hsc0+n+ bh*c ch% dc )sld+% ;rc"!0! dc )hlhcsb" $Dssc., SSE% *hdus dc nbs >h*hs2ccsb* dc )hlh ". BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 2$7
ch s+ c h4c.s 0hs bsnc? sc s/csc nbs c0csu*s s)*c"h cbn2s*0h 4s <n +*s Dudcch h. Dhc+ c /b*bh dc dh % dh*ul c 0hs h)*ccsh ch 0+* u*sc h cu0sn3cnscs dcc< <n )l+cc*ch )*b0) s udsnss? b dchunh )*c3usc4 s 0hs 0ul ccch cc db*c4 s. Dhc+ c4 s ssls s+ *c2u.s% *+0<nc lbc )cn *u 0bd 4s )cn *u cbhcc*ch nu3ulus, <nc< s+ 2sc 0hs gus bs: 4s ccl 0hs hdcsch% b dh + *ccu )*s0ul 2bc hl db*sn3cs% *cs *s4 ch *c2u.ulus nu 0hs c *css03s +% h)bs% lh *ccc. Cus cc*c su c% hcb*d+"s <*.su% c+cs c s *h hgc0+ )cn *u h dss *hgc h cn3sh. &66. Mhs dc#rh! nc!un cu t!s dcc*t cu"sntc dc unul ssn#ur%6 .sc bh0cnss )bls scs. C+cs dhc+ b3s s<n hs 2cl% nu /cs )sc*dc cu nscs unul. Dh* dhc+ c ssngu*+% cu0sn3cnsh /h 2s luh + d*c) ncbunsc? sc cu/snc% dh*% s+ u*0c.s cu*cn ul. Cch 0hs 0h*c 4 ssn3+ c% uncb*s% h nu 4 s shu h c 2hcc c+ nu 4 ss. T*cbusc s+ *+sc4 s cu hl3ss% 4s sgnb*hn3ss s<n ccs 0hs 0ul3s. Ch s+ *+sc4 s dc unul ssngu*% *cbusc s+ 2ss shu <n 0h*c 0+su*+ Du0nc.cu shu )c dc"h"n *cgul dbbs bc7. Cu <ns+ h4 0bdc*h h2b*ss0ul% .sc<nd? 0hs dcg*hb+ cu0sn c cu ccs 0hs cu0sn3s dcc< ncbun dc unul ssngu*. Unss /b* s+ 2sc ssngulh*s <n hs0c*c. &6(. Du!lch03s "s7l!hcclc ncccshrc scss. <nsch0n+ h"3s dublh /sh3h. Dc)cndcn3h nu *cbusc s+ 2sc unsc+% 4s nscs nu"0b*+"3s4h un ssngu* luc*u% 2sc cl cCcc)3sbnhl? b ul s+ 2sc <n dublu cCc0)lh*% 4s 0hs hlcs chu.clc )*b2s ulus% bun+/bsn3cs% )l+cc*ss. C 0bls)ss bh*c ncs h b*nscsh lunss% hb h* hl )c*0hncn3cs% dh* 4s 0hs 4s & cclc cc h <*n+ dc /bsn3h u0hn+% ch*c c 4ub*cd+. Cbn *h 2*hgsls +3ss% s+ h/c0 )*b/s.sh dc *c.c*/+% 4s *cgul+ 0h*c <n h* h /sc3ss 2sc dublh*ch 0sDlbhcclb* bsnclus 4s 2blbsulus. H4h cu0 h dublh nh u*h 0c0b*clc cclc 0hs <nsc0nh c 4s 0hs cC)usc% h4h 4s h* h )c cclc hlc dc)cndcn3cs. &6B. S nu hs spsrst dc c!ntrhdscsc%6 c+cs <nsch0n+ h c <0)b/+*h cu )*bs sc 4s su)+*h*c 7. Cbn *h lus *cbusc s+ cbns)s*c cu0sn3cnsh. H bbscc h lh b*scc )bh c 2s sngcnsbs% dh* <nc+)+3<nh ul
&66 nc!un cu t!s...6 Ck. Br., (6% &79% &6B% &(9% 759: Crst., SSS9 (. &66? Ch s trsc4ts dc unul ssn#ur...? C2. H*ss b cl% P!lstsch, &%&%&(? >Csnc nu cs c ch)hbsl dc cbn/sc3us*c% shu nu h*c nc/bsc dc ch 2ssndu" 4s su2scscn ssc4s% shu nu 2hcc )h* c dsn cc h c? ch h h*c% shu c un hns0hl% shu c un .cu." &6( 4s "hs 4s6 Sc sub<n3clcgc? >4s 0hs ncs h b*nscc". &6B spsrst dc c!ntrhdscsc6 C2. Dssc, S") Br., (6% &79% &66% &86% 759% 75'. 1352 suprhrc6 C /b*bh dc su)+*h*ch )c ch*c lc"b )*b/bcs cclb*lhl3s.
nu sch)+ 2+*+ h *ccc dc )*bs 6. Hcc4 sh 2hc *+.bbs dsn dulcch cbn/c*sh3sc 4s s<n hs 2cl du40hns 0hs 0ul hs cclb* h)*b)sh3s dcc< hs cclb* ch*c nu"s 2*cc/cn ch.+. <n cch 0hs gus bhs+ <0buc+ u*+% ss03s ccl 0hs *+u bsul cc"b s *+bh c% hs h 2ssnd cbn *h.scc*ch <n cls)clc )l+cu c. S<n )*b4 s )c*nscsb4s ch*c hdhug+ dbbs bcscs s+lb+ scsh. &6A. Snstrusc4tc3tc !snc *n su!scctc%6 sh nu0hsdcc< )ulsul *cbu*slb*. Mul3s u0bl+ c*chngh )*sn *h3sbnh0cn c
snu slc shu bhc+ 2*un.h7 uncs ls0bu3ss bbbss bh*c% 2+*+ h dh dc 0sc.ul )*bblc0cs: dhu *bh + dc"b su + dc b*s hcclush4s )unc % bs cnsndu"sc 4s bs cnsnd% 4s nu hDung nscsbdh + <n ccn *ul dc g*cu h c. Sc dh b*c4 c unb* <n3clcgc*s cbn2u.c ch*c nu 4 su s+ sc dcscu*cc. S*bscsc s0) 4s *+bdh*c cu cc"h* 2s *cbus s+ lhsc dcb)h* c 6. s nu lc 0hs *+0<nc )cn *u ccch cc hu b0ss. &65. *nclcptul s34s ksc ssc4s dc h7uns%. Cl7 <4s c*h b h/u ul 4s. c<nd sc ducch <n hl + )h* c% 4s=& ducch )c b cu ssnc. Dhc+ un )*sc cn uns/c*shl c dc hDuns s+"3s 3sn+ lbc dc Rb0h 4s dc b *cs ul uns/c*sulus% 2ss"3s u <nsu3s hs 2cl dc )*sc cn 4s /cs )u ch *+s ssngu*6. Csnc 3s"h* )u ch ls)ss% dhc+ n"h* 2s nscs cbncc) % nscs gus 0hs <nhl dcc< hl +uO #cs dc)sndc dc snc <nsu3s% c+cs c b su)*c0+ 2c*scs*c
&6B" *ncp*nhtul... pr!st6 Pcn *u G*hcs1n% p!rkshd! 4s nccs! s<n c*0cns cchs/hlcn3s. C2. 4s )*b/c*bul culcs dc Cb**chs? >Hb0b*c )b*2shdb% nccsb cbnsu0hdb" ;>B0 <nc+)+3<nh % )*bs )h cn h "E. &6A Snstrusc4tc3tc...6 C2. Br., B7. A7. &6&. &6A? u"!l crchn#h... t!hc krun06 Cchs/hl+0 cC)*cssslc >/hnsc )b* lhs *+0hs".....b )b* lhs hbDhs"% dsn *c ch*c cch dc"h dbuh% srsc p!r lhs h!7hs, )h*c c*ch + dc G*hcs1n )c s)h*ul cclcs dsn <s. &6A6 Sr!scsc... dc!phrtc6 G. Bb c*b <s h *sbussc ducclus dc Lc*0h bbsc*/h3sh hcchs h $Dctts "c"!rh!sls, 2bl. 6 *.E? >Tc )lsc sscsc cu bcblu*slc% sn *bducc*slc 4s cu lungs0ch )bls c3u*slb*% h4h <nc< % h uncs c<nd hDung lh 0sc.ul cc*c*ss lb*. u 3s"hs )sc*du *+bdh*ch s+"s 0hs hscul3s"% h)udRN"BM% ). 7AA% nb h &9. &65& *nclcptul...6 C2. Br., &66: Crst., S% &6: Scncch% Scrss!rs, S@? ><n3clc) ul sc 0ul3u0c4 c cu ssnc"% cd. cs .% ). 79. &657 Cl6 Pbh c 2s /b*bh dc Bshs% unul dsn ccs 4h) c <n3clc)3s% c+*ush Cscc*b $Phrhd!-h. S% &E <s h *sbusc hdhgsul >B0nsh 0ch 0ccu0 )b* b" ;>Tb cc h0 duc cu 0snc"E% shu. 0hs cu*<nd. dc S sl)bn ;shu S slbbnE% c+*ush s"& h *sbusc Scncch $Scrss!rs, S@E? >B0nsh bbnh 0ch 0ccu0 sun " ;>Tbh + h/c*ch 0ch c cu 0snc"% cd. cs .% ).7&E. &656 cs putch trs ssn#ur6 H2s*0h3sh )*b/snc dsn Scncch $Scrss!rs, #S% 5E% ch*c s"b h *sbusc lus Hcch bn? >LM+ <n *cbs% .scc cl% )<n+ undc h0 hDunsO H0 hDuns s+"0s 2su )*sc cnM. K*u0bs *c.ul h Q Nu /h 2s nscsbdh + ssngu*" ;cd. cs .% ). &7E. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 78'
s+ 2ss hsc0cns Cn s +3ss su)*c0c. Csnc )bh c )c *ccc hs 2cl dc unul ssngu* nu /h h/ch ns0sc dc dbbs bc% cs 0ul dc <n3clc) 4s b ul dc Du0nc.cu. &68. Hrt dc3h lsh t!tul *n phcc%. s 0hs hlcs c<nd c 0hs *+scbls + 0h*ch bb4 chsc+ shu cch 2h0slsh*+. S<n *<0bc% 2u* uns hlc /bsn3cs <n *clh3sslc dsn *c bh0cns? h uncs c cu0sn c s+ c *c *hgs <n )b* ul ssgu* hl )b bls*ss luc*u*slb*. Hdcsch bblslc sc <n*+u +3csc cu lchcu*slc. Lhs+ nh u*h s+ hc3sbnc.c hcblb% sh* hscs% 0b*hlh: 0cdscul <n3clc) *cbusc s+ 4 sc dcb)b *s/+ s+ )*csc*sc 4s s+ nu )*csc*sc% 4s h* h s + uncb*s 0hs 0ul <n nch)lsch*ch dc lchcu*s. Mbdul dc"h )b bls *<0bclc /ulgh*c s+ 2sc h"3s luh 0<nh 4s"h h4 c) h s+ sc chl0c.c: h ccdh s0)ulus hcu0 <nsch0n+ h <n/sngc )c u*0+. B 2<n <n+ sc ulbu*+ cu un )sc dc hgs h3sc: nu sc /h ls0)c.s dsn nbu cu sslh% cs l+s<nd"b. Nu c lchc 0hs bun )cn *u dc.b*dsns dcc< h lc l+sh s+ b<n usc% c+cs h4h /b* c+dch dc lh ssnc. &6'. Cun!h4tc 0suh nckhst%6 c+cs s<n . Ns0sc nu"3s /h sc4s bsnc% 4s /cs )u ch schs0bh Dbcul% nu 4s nb*bcul. Du)+ dbu+ <ncc*c+*s% sc chdc s"b cunb4 s 4s s+ c *c *hgs% lu<nd sch0h dhc+ c dc bsnc shu nu. Chsh* 4s <n sn clcc c un cchs bun% c+cs ns0cns nu 4 sc lh b*scc b*+. C un nb*bc h cugc h ns0c*s % ch 4s h sc*sc bsnc b sc*ssbh*c. Tbh c )c*2cc3sunslc h <*n+ dc 0b0cn : nscs 2*u0usc3ch nu c b dchunh lh hnc: dsscc*nc*ch sc dc.0sn c% c<nd *cc<ndu"sc% c<nd <n *cc<ndu"sc )c ssnc: 4s b ul% s)*c h sc4s bsnc% *cbusc s+ hsb+ .s 2hs +. H4h cu0 unb*h b ul lc scsc )*bs % hl b*h b ul bsnc 4s cu 0hs )u3snc s *+dhnss? c< c unul g+sc4 c b ul dc"h gh h% sngcnsb.s h ch <s cs c lh hnc% 2s*ch lh )unc % 4s b ul cu s ch. Chu + h uncs s+ )*b2s3s 4s s+ nu *sss)c4 s nscs b 2+*<0+. Dh* b+*bh ul Dudscsbs% lh /cdc*ch uncs )scdscs% s+ nu chls2scc 2+*+ h)cl un cchs ch *+u% nscs% ds0)b *s/+% )c hl ul ch bun% c+cs s"h* )u ch ch hcclh s+ 2s 2bs un )+s% sh* hccs h un )hs7. &(9. Gsc4tc s"cdsht phrtch !un dsn kscchrc lucru%. C nb*bc hl bunulus"gus . Hlbsnh d+ su c 2ugh lh dulcch3+ )cn *u 2hgu*c% 4s
&68 Hrtdc3hlsh t!tul*nphcc6 C2. Dssc, @SSS: Br., 68% BB% &7&. &6' Cun!h4tc 0suh nckhst6 Ck. Cr.,=B Dssc, #% #SS% @: Br., &79% &8B%787.= C2. Ssr., &(%&(? >Nu l+sh nscs b .s bun+ s+ *chc+ 2+*+ 2blbs 4s )h* ch h dsn bucu*sh cu/ssncsbhs+ s+ nu c *chc+." &6'7ps...phs6 Jbc dc cu/sn c cb0)cnsh b*. &(9 ...phrtch !un...6 C2. Dssc, S@% @: Br., (6% &79% &66% &6B% &(9% 759. 7'9 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNTCS
/s)c*h lh h0+*chl+ )cn *u /cnsn. H4h 4s gus u*slc% unclc lh cc"s 0hs bun% 4s hl clc lh cc"s 0hs *+u. Nu"s luc*u s+ nu hsb+ cc/h bun% 4s 0hs hlcs dhc+ c ch* c7% )*sn cugc h*c. Ks*ch unb*h c% h4hdh*% h < dc ncnb*bcs +% <nc< % dsn b 0sc dc dcs+/<*4s*s% /b* dh dc ssngu*ul cusu* cCss cn % /c4 cDsndu"& 4s *<0bs3<ndu"& nu0hs )c hccs h? cblcc b*s hs nccu*+3cnsslb* dsn ss03s*s 4s sn clcc c% <0)b/+*<ndu"sc cu sn2h0ss% cu dc2cc c% )cdch)s+ 0hs dcg*hb+ h )*bhs cs clcc3suns dcc< 2blbss*c h sub sls +3ss lb*. Duc b /sh3+ *ch% dcbh*ccc sc h*+ncsc 0c*cu cu h0+*cls 4s sc nu *csc cu nchDunsu*s. Mhs 2c*scs c gus ul cclb* ch*c% dsn b 0sc dc cusu*u*s% g+scsc s0cdsh ssngu*h )c*2cc3sunc cc lc"h )sch lh bun nb*bc. &(&. Nu tc hsculth%. Dc )u3sn 2blbs c s+"3s 2ss 3sc <nsu3s )c )lhc% dhc+ nu"s 0ul3u0c4 s )c ccslhl3s 4s% dc bbsccs% dss)*c3ul )ublsc )cdc)sc4 c sh ss2hc3sh )h* sculh*+. Csnc .scc dcs)*c ssnc c+ )l+ c4 c 0ul ls sc"ndh b*ch.+ u u*b*h. Nu"s h bun+ s+ /*cs h /b*bs 4s h c 4s hu.s% sh* dhc+ h /b*bs ssngu* c ncbunsc% h c hscul h 2h3+ dc hl3ss cs c unh dubl+. C un n+*h/ hl cclb* 0h*s s+ /b*bchsc+ cu *s b*"nclh lus cc 0scch"M4s"h hcclus cOch*c"s sc<*bcsc )c hscul + b*s: lh 2scch*c /b*b+ 2slch.+7 h)*bbh*ch shu lsngu4s*ch% cChs)c*<nd cu0sn3cnsh% <n2u0u*h3ss /b*bcsc
4s dsn bhgdhdsc% 4s cbn/c*sh3sh lb*% cu0 u0bl+"n cb u*ns6 dc *u2sc% cc*c lh 2scch*c /b*b+ hDu b*ul hghshn hl nc*bdulus !hsc 0ss> &(7. Nu trccc nscs!dht dsn *ncp*nhrc dc phrtch cch "hs rch%6 dbh* )cn *u c+ hd/c*sh*ul 3s"h luh "b <nhsn c 4s h hlcs"b )c
&(9? h* c? Plsnsus ccl T<n+*<s h *sbusc hcchs + h2s*0h3sc unchsulus s+u. Plsnsus ccl B+ *<n? >bbs4nush chsh* s+ s)un+ c+ nscs b ch* c nu cs c h < dc )*bhs +% <nc< s+ nu"3s )bh + 2blbss c< dc c< " ;Plsnsus ccl T<n+*% Bpcrc c!"plctc, *hducc*c% nb c 4s )*c2h3+ dc Lshnh Mhnblhchc% Uns/c*s% Bucu*c4 s% &'55% ). 'AE. H2s*0h3sh h 2+cu ch*sc*+ 4s <n ls c*h u*h s)hnsbl+ hn c*sbh*+ lus G*hcs+n? >s <n lcg+ u*+ cu hcchs h .scc Plsnsus c+ nu cs c ch* c b*sc< dc )*bhs + h* 2s% ch*c s+ nu hsb+ /*cun luc*u bun" $Lh0hrsll! dc T!r"cs,>P*blbg"E: >Nu c ch* c h < dc *ch% <nc< s+ nu hsb+ cc/h bun" $D!n Hus7!tc, SS% 6E. #c.s RN"BM% ). 75(% nb h A. &(& Nu tc hsculth6 C2. Br., &95: Crst., SSS% 7. &(&7 kslch06 <n b*sgsnhl% >b*cDchn"% <n *cbusn3h hscs <n scnsul s)ccshl 4s sc4s dsn u. <n S)hnsh dc >h 2slh c+*3slc dc Dbc"% ssnbns0 dccs cu !ru7ulchr. Scnsul hccs h h 2bs clh*s2sch <n *"b cc*cc h*c c*uds + dc Dhnscl Dc/b b% >G*hcs1n ! cl nhs)c c*sbllb". <n Tc-t!s 9 c!ntc-t!s. Cstuds!s s!!rc lh trhdscs!n. Bsblsb cch Rb0hnsch Hss)hnsch% Cds b*shl G*cdbs% Mhd*sd% &'5(% )).6&7"67(. &(&6 c!turns6 Cchs/hl+0 hs 2cl s). chhpsncs, <nc+l3+0sn c cC c*sbh*+% cu hl)h 2bh* c g*bhs+% u sls.h + 4s )cn *u h lc 2c*s )c )u* + bh*c dc 0u*d+*sh d*u0u*slb*% dh* 4s )cn *u h lc <n+l3h. &(7& Nu trccc... dc phrtch cch "hs rch6 Ck. Dssc% @S#: Br., &6B%7&8. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 7'&
cch 0hs bun+. <ncc)s lu) h gh h <n/sns% 4s /cs 2s ssls s+ ccdc.s 0b2lu.. Nscsbdh + nu c /cs *+.bunh bsnc cu *+ul. H 2bs /sclcnsh hd/c*sh*ulus s+ sc g*+bchsc+ lh 0hs bsnc 4s )*bs sh h h s c b)unc 0hs <*.su cu 0hs *+ul. <nc+)+3<nh3ss hcc4 sh hs 2h) cs s<n 0hs hnghDh3s dcc< ccs hs cu/<n ulus% <n *uc< c 0hs *sschn s+ 2hcs dcc< s+ /b*bc4 s. #ulgh*s h c dc bbs snh3s% s+ nu /hd+ hdc/+*ul% ch s+ cbn *h.sc+% nscs 2blbsul% dbh* ch s+ sc cc* c. H cn ul c 0c*cu dc )h* ch d*c) +3ss% nu h )h s0ss% 2sc% 0hs <nhsn c% g*+bsndu"sc% 2sc% du)+ hccch% <nd*c) <ndu" sc: c+cs dhc+ hd/c*sh*ul c )*bs % <4s /h schs0bh d*u0ul dsn hcclh4s 0b s/% *cc<nd dc )h* ch b)us+% d*c) ch*c <4s /h <n*+u +3s )b.s3sh. Ch s+"& <ndc)+* c.s dc )h* ch cch 0hs bun+% ssngu*ul 0sDlbc c s+ b <0b*+3s4c.s ch )c"h h% c+cs )*bs sh <l /h 2hcc s"b )+*+schsc+% sh* <nc1)+3<nh*ch <s /h 2s )*+bu4s*c. &(6. Nu cdch *n phrhd!- ch s ku#s dc ul#hrsthtc%. Cclc dbu+ cC *c0c s<n hlc dssc*cds +*ss. B*scc bcu)h3sc ch*c sc dc.scc dc g*h/s h c c l+s h* dc )*bs sc. Ph*hdbCul c un 2cl dc h0+gs*c h)lhu"dhbsl+ lh"ncc)u % ch*c us0c4 c )*sn nbu h c 4s c2cc )schn : dh* h)bs% cu dc.h0+gs*ch s2<*4s ulus h < dc *+u% *+0<nc 0b2lu. dc b . C un sbs dc 4h*lh hnsc 4s% <n 0h c*ss )bls scc% *usn+ h S h clb*. Ccs cc nu )b hDungc% shu nu sc"ncu0c +% lh c*bss0 )c chlch /*cdnscscs% b shu )*sn )h*hdbC% ulusnd )*b4 s 4s hdc/c*sndu"s )c 0ul3s cu0sn3s. Db/cdc4 c ls)s+ dc 0+su*+ <n Dudcch +% 4s dc"hccch c h < dc b)us )*udcn3cs. s dhc+ uncb*s nu sc <n c0csh.+ )c 2hls% ccl )u3sn )c sncc* s udsnc% s)*c 0h*ch )*s0cDdsc h sc*sb.s +3ss. &((. Sntr cu prctcnsh hltush ch s sc4s cu h th%. C s *h hgc0+ )cn *u h bb3snc: chsh* 4s"n chu.clc cc*ulus )*b)b/+duscsc hcchs + s2<n + /sclcnsc 0hgss *ss c*c4 sns. C b dsss0ulh*c s0)b* hn +% 2ssndc+ 2blbsul s0hgsnh sc*/c4 c ch 0b0chl+ )cn *u h ch) u*h b /bsn3+? <4s <nchs)usc c+ 0c*gc <n <n <0)snh*ch )*c cn3scs shlc% dh* nu 2hcc dcc< s+ dcschsd+ d*u0 cclcs s *+snc. Nu sn *h nscsbdh + ncbunc4 c% 0hs hlcs c<nd c hd<ncs0c cu )*s0cDdsc. Dc hsc0cnch.
&(6M Nu cdch *n phrhd!-...6 C2. Dssc.% S% @#S: Br., 776% 758: Hsc, @SSS. Cbncc) ul dc >)h*hdbC" c ssnbns0 hscs ch 4s <n hl c lbcu*s dsn b)c*h lus G*hcs+n. cu ..cC *h/hghn "% 0b s/ )cn *u ch*c c cbndh0nh cu h < h /chc0cn3+% dc0c*s su*)*sn.+ b* lh un hsc0cnch cul s/h b* hl )h*hdbCulus. Ccch cc <ns+ G*hcs1n nu hd0s c cs c hbu.ul dc )h*hdbC% ls)sh lus dc Dus s2sch*c 4s nc<0)lsns*ch unb* cCsgcn3c s)ccshlc% du)+ cu0 sc )bh c /cdch <n Hsc., @SSS. &((& Sntr cu prctcnph hltush...6 C2. Br., 55%58%&A(%&89%&'6% 7&B. C )bssbsl+ b hlu.sc lh C-crcssslc lus Sgnhcsb dc Lb!blh% 667. 7'7 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS
cu )c*sbhnc hl c+*b* )*s0 cu/<n cs c dc bbsccs nu, c bsnc s+"3s dsss0ulc.s s*ul% ch nu cu0/h s+"4s dch sch0h dc ds2scul h ch cbnccd+*ss% 4s cu h < 0hs 0ul c<nd )*css03s h/c*ssunch. S2h ul hccs h h)h*3snc s2c*cs cclb* dc sn cn3sc sccund+% bh c 2ssnd dc h csncch sub sls h c. &(B. Nu3s dc0 lus dc#ctul !!lnh %6 2ssndc+ bh c"& /b* lb/s. Nu c )l<ngc dc cl% c+cs b dchunh .d*uncsn+ lbcul )c ch*c sl+bscsunch 4s"& 4 sc du*c*bs. Nu"3s c dc 2blbs s+ c ss03s <n3c)h dcc< ch s+ s <*nc4 s )l+cc*ch <n3c)+*ss. Rchuh sn cn3sc chu + )*c cC ul )cn *u h c scbh c dsn s+*s c? h./<*lc s+gc3s 7 ch s+"3s dsbushsc+ su2c*sn3h: /h <ncc*ch <n b 0sc dc chs)u*s% )<n+ /h dh dc ch*nc /sc. H cn ul s+ nu sc dch nscsbdh + dc gbl 4s nscs s+ nu"4s dch <n /slchg *+ul% 2sc )*b)*su shu 0b4 cns % c+cs )<n+ 4s sbh* h sc cb0)lhcc uncb*s h *+ns undc *cbusc s+ dbh*+ 0hs h*c: b dchunh lb/c4 c"n ch*nc /sc. Dc hccch nu dc./+lus nscs cc c b0bh*+% nscs cc c <n/sh.+? unh% ch s+ <ncc c.c% hl h% ch s+ d+snushsc+. &(A. Prs c4tc pc dsnuntru%. Sc <n <0)l+ dc bbsccs ch luc*u*slc s+ 2sc 0ul ds2c*s c dc cu0 )+*chu% sh* sgnb*hn3h% ch*c n"h *ccu dsncblb dc cbhD+% sc )*c2hcc <n dc.h0+gs*c c<nd )+ *undc0 <n+un *u. Msncsunh c 0c*cu cch dsn <s <n bh c: <s ducc dc nhs )c )*b4 s cu c< c b /ulgh*s h c nccu*0h +. Hdc/+*ul /snc 0c*cu ul s0ul 4s <*.su% 4chsb)+ <nd <0)*cun+ cu Ts0)ul: cu0sn3ss <s *c.c*/+ cchlhl + Du0+ h c h 2hcul +3ss 7 )c ch*c cu h < h <n3clc)csunc bb4 chsch 0h0+ h dublh "b. H0+gs*ch c 2bh* c su)c*2scshl+% 4s ccs cc s<n hs 2cl dhu su c dc ch. Ns0c*s*ch *+sc4 c *c *hs+ <n ssnch"s )cn *u h 2s 0hs )*c3us + dc c+ *c <n3clc)3ss 4s dsscc*n+ b*ss s+s. &(5. Nu ks snhcccss!sl%. Ns0cns nu c h < dc dcs+/<*4s % <nc< % uncb*s% s+ nu hsb+ nc/bsc dc <nd*u0h*c. Cs c s*c0cdshbsl )*bs csnc nu hscul +. s ccl 0hs sndc)cndcn ch + s+ 2hc+ lbc s2h ulus )*sc cncsc: nscs su/c*hns h ch nu *cbusc s+ cCclud+ dbcsls h ch. S<n bh0cns s*c0cdshbsls )cn *u c+"s snhcccssbsls 4s sc
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7'B &B97 d*nd nu"c !un6 Nu <n scnsul dc h c*ch b bun+ *c)u h3sc ;RN"BM% ). 7'B% nb h 'E% ccch cc h* 2s b *c)c h*c h sdcss dc >)*bsl+/s*c" dc 0hs sus% cs <n hcclh dc h h *sbus luc*u*slb* ;<n *c)*sndc*s% hc3suns% b)snss c c.E un nu"c kru"!s ch*c s+ lc cbn2c*c b chls2sch*c <nhl +. &B96 sts"ulcnt6 <n b*sgsnhl% >)scAn"% 2h*s+% 2cs +. Hccc) +0 <ns+ sn c*)*c h*ch lus Rb0c*h Nh/h**b ;RN"BM% 7'A% nb h &BE. &B& G*ndc4tc hntscspht6 C2. Dssc% &B%7B: Br., B5% &67%777%7BA.
&B7 Nu tc *ns!$s...6Cs. Br., A6: Hsc, @@#S. &B77 1h!uUh6 #c.s Mh*3shl% Cps#rh"c, #SSS% 5'? Khbullh c+u h s+ u0blc b dchunh <nsb3s + nu0hs dc 2c0cs u*< c 4s b+ *<nc% )cn *u ch% )*sn cbn *hs % ch s+ sc c/sdcn3sc.c 4s s+ s *+lucchsc+.
*clb* shlc. Nu c cC)unc bblss dc *<n+6% nccu0 nu"s bnb*h )c hl3ss cu )*c3ul *c)u h3scs hlc. Ch s+ c 2b*0c.s% u0bl+ cu c0sncn3ss: b dh + 2b*0h % )*sn *c 0cdsbc*s. &B6. C st s dc!utc0s u"pl*nd "hrs #!lurs%. s% dhc+ c hnghDc.s% 2sc dbh* cu cc* s udsnc dc su*)lus. T*cbusc s+ dublc.s /hlbh*ch ch s"b cghlc.s )c cch h )*cdcccsb*ulus. H4h cu0 c b 4s*c cnsc ch u*0h4ul s+"3s 2sc hs 2cl <nc< s+ c 2hc+ *cg*c h % b hs 2cl c b dsb+csc ch hcclh cc h s2<*4s s+ nu c ccls)sc.c. C g*cu s+ u0)ls un 0h*c gbl% )cn *u c+ b dchunh *ccu ul h )+*u 0hs bun: 4s nscs chsh* cghls h ch nu /h 2s dc"hDuns% )cn *u c+ <n )bscssc c )*s0ul. Cs c dccs ncccsh* s+ hdhugs <n.cs *+*s ch s+"& <nl+ u*s )c hl ul dsn )bscssh lus hsu)*h *c)u h3scs su)c*sbh*c. &B(. Nu ks u4urhtsc nscs *n crc0hrc, nscs *n su!src. Mh u*s h ch sc cunbh4 c du)+ ncg*hbh c*c.+*ss? 0sncsunh c 2bh* c cb0un+% c*c.h*ch 2sc% dh*% sc4s + dsn cb0un. Csnc h )lcch )*s)s u*cchch sc )b0cnc4 c )c u*0+ u*cchch &. Nu *cbusc s+"3s 2hcs <ns+ /+ds + <ndbshlh <n 0+* u*sh hl ush% c+cs *ccs dc lh s0)bls c3c lh Dsgns*c% <n *uc< <l *h c.s )c sn c*lbcu b* dc h0+gs b* shu h0+gs . s <nc+ hccs h nscs nu c ccl 0hs 0h*c nchDuns% dh 2ssnd c+ ncc*c.h*ch c sc0n dc 0sncsun+: )cn *u c+ 0sncsnbsul su2c*+ dc dbu+ *clc? nscs nu c*cdc% nscs nu c c*c.u . Sus)cndh*ch Dudcc+3ss c cu0sn c lh ccl cc hscul +% 4s hd*csch.+" c s)*c <nc*cdsn3h*c hu b*ulus hcclush ch*c s)unc% dc hsc0cnch% c+ un sbs dc ncsbcb sn3+ c u4u*+ h ch <n subs*c7: c+cs dhc+ 0sn3s cu /b*bh% h uncs 4s cu 2h) clc% 4s% )*sn u*0+*s% c 0hs d+un+ bh*c hcchs + h0+gs*c. &BB. H*2+ *n strunsrch phts"ss%. Rc2lcc3sh )*udcn + s+ )*c"<n <0)snc% dc"s cu )u sn3+% /ulgh*s h ch )b*ns*ss: )*udcn ulus nu"s /h 2s g*cu s"b 2hc+. P*s0ul )hs <n )h s0+ c s+"3s dhs sch0h c+ c4 s
&B76 !!lss dc r*n6 <n b*sgsnhl% >0hl dc lhdb" shu% cu0 sc 0hs s)unc <n s)hnsbl+% "hl dc c!sthd!, *c2c*sndu"sc hscs lh dhunclc )c ch*c ns lc )bh c hducc b *ch b/+*+4sc. #c.s 4s Cs., @. &B6" C" s dc!utc0s...6 C2. 2s*.% #SS: Br., A6. &B( urcchcht6 Cchs/hl+0 Dbcul dc cu/sn c dsn b*sgsnhl? >Cl Fuc lsgc*h0cn c sc 0b/sb h1llhsc dcs)ucs cb**sdb". &B(? hut!rulus hcclush6 Hlu.sc lh Cscc*b% Lhclsus shu Dcsprc prsctcnsc. @#SS%A6? >H4hdh* dh b*sh cclus cu0sn c c s+"4s <n2*<nc.c... clhnul h2cc3sunss": 4s @@SS% 8B? >T*cbusc s+ subc4 s du)+ cc Dudccs% nu s+ Dudccs du)+ cc subc4 s" ; *hd% dc H. P1*c+l+bcscuE. &BB Hrt *n s"sntch phts"ss6 C2. Dssc% @: Br., (B% 89% &&B% 795% 785% 7'(: Crst, n%l:22l%A.
7'A BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS
cu)*sns dc )h s0+% c+cs hs 2cl <ncc)s )*sn h db0snh h2cc ul% sbnd<nd )<n+ lh cc )unc % 4s nu 0hs 0ul % c ncccsh* s+ 0ch*g+ su)+*h*ch: cu hsc0cnch s *hD+ su)c*sbh*+% )b3s sn *h 4s sc4s dsn *"b 0<nsc. <n/h3+ s+ c b)*c4 s bsnc 4s lh s0)% c+cs luc*ul ccl 0hs ds2scsl <n 2ug+ c b)*s*ch. Mh*c db/hd+ dc Dudcch +% s+ *+0<s cu0sn c <n hcccsc dc ncbunsc. B*scc cCccs dc )hssunc hbdsc+ dc lh *h3sbnhls h c% dh*% cu hcchs + h cn3sc 0hgss *hl+% nu /cs c+lch nscsbdh + *h3sunch <n )scsbh*c 4s nu /cs *ccc dc ls0s clc bunu"lus"ss03. Ch s+"n/c3s h <n2*<nh b )hssunc% *cbusc s+ 3ss 0c*cu h+3u*slc h cn3scs% 4s /cs 2s hs 2cl ccl dsn <s <n3clc) c+lh*c 7% 4s )bh c chsh* ccl dsn u*0+. &BA. Prsctcns sclccs!nhs%6 c+cs *cbusc s+ 2sc% cu cCh0cnul dsscc*nc*ss 4s cu <ncc*ch*ch sbh* cs% )*b0b/h3s nu nu0hs dc /bsn3+% cs 4s dc sn clcc . s cu bh c c+"s ccl 0hs s0)b* hn succcs hl /sc3ss% c ccl 0hs )u3sn hsss h dc g*sD+? lh unss luc*ch.+ nc)b2 s*ch% sh* lh ccs 0hs 0ul3s% <n <0)lh*ch. C4 s Dudcch du)+ )*sc cnss )c ch*c"s hs. c+cs <n/+3h ul nu h cbncb*dh nscsbdh + cu sgnb*hn3s: dh* 2h) ul c+ csnc/h <3s )lhcc nu"s h*gu0cn )cn *u sn s0s h c% dcbh*ccc )bh c /cns 0hs dcg*hb+ dsn bunh dss)b.s3sc )*bdus+ dc hh.ul s+u dcc< dsn <nc*cdc*ch <n ch)hcs h ch sh. S<n )*sc cnss lcgs s0c 4s hl clc hdul c*snc? hccs ch )cn *u dclcc h*c% hcclch )cn *u 2ccunds h ch *cu4s clb*. Sc h2l+ )u3sns hs )c*sbhncs 4s 0ul3s hs s +*ss. Mhs dc 2blbs c bunh <n3clcgc*c h unus )*sc cn dcc< bh c bun+/bsn3clc hl b*h? 2sc% dh*% sclcc3sc% nu sb*3s. Un 4 su b* 4 sc s+ c/s c ncch.u*slc% )c c<nd )*bs ul )*sc cn lc c+4unch.+. s nu lc db*s 0ul nb*bc% dhc+ nu /*cs s+"s )sc*.s. &B5. Nu tc h"#s hsuprh pcrs!hncl!r%? c+cs c cch 0hs *ch 4s 0hs u4bh*+ h0+gs*c. Mhs bsnc"s s+ 2ss <n4clh lh )*c3 dcc< lh 0h*2+7. s
&BB7 *nclcpt clhrc6 Hlu.sc lh )*b/c*bul >Nb hh! hb0b*c cuc*db h chbhllb% ns cblc*scb cbn Duscsb" ;>Nu cCss + b0 cu0sn c c+lh*c% nscs 2u*sbs cu Dudcch +"E. &BA Prsctcns sclccs!nhs6 C2. Dssc.,=B G*.%B&% &&&%&&6% &&8% &8(: Crst., &%(: SS% 7. Dbc *snh dcs)*c )*sc cnsc h lus G*hcs1n dc*s/+ <n bun+ 0+su*+ dsn Cscc*b% Dc h"scssh, 4s Scncch% Scrss!rs ctrc Lucslsu, S@: C2. dc hsc0cnch Ps., &8% 7A: Psld, &6% 79: &'% A: ch 4s un 0h*c nu0+* dc )*b/c*bc% ch dc )sld+? >Ds0c cbn Fuscn 2uc*cs% ds*c c Fuscn c*cs" shu >Ds0c cbn Fuscn hndhs% ! c ds*c Fuscn c*cs"% cu cb*cs)bndcn h)*bh)c ls c*hl <n *b01nc4 c? >S)unc"0s cu csnc c"hduns% ch s+"3s s)un csnc c4 s". &B5 Nu tc h"#s...6 C2. Br., &BA. &B57 prc... "hrk6 C2. )*b/c*bul >Cng1nh0c cn cl )*ccsb% ! nb cn Sb Fuc 0c*cb" ;Hc01n N1nc.% ><n4hl+"0+ lh )*c3% nu lh cc cu0)+*"E% /c.s RN"BM% ). 6&&% nb h 7. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 7'5
ns0sc nu cc*c 0hs 0ul h 2s )*s/s )c dsn+un *u. C b dcbscbs*c <n *c h <n3clcgc luc*u*slc 4s h cunbh4 c )c*sbhnclc% 4s c 0h*c 2slb.b2sc h )+ *undc 2s*slc 4s"h dcslu4s c0)c*h0cn clc bh0cnslb*. C lh 2cl dc ncccsh* s+ s udsc.s bh0cnss ch 4s c+*3slc. &B8. *n h s tc k!l!sc4ts dc prsctcns%. Hcchs h"4s h*c )*b)*sh h* + h dsscc*nc*ss? unss s<n buns dc lh dss hn3+% hl3ss dsn h)*b)sc*c% 4s ccl cc nu c )bh c bun )cn *u cbn/c*sh3sc c bun )cn *u cb*cs)bndcn3+. Dc)+* h*ch )u*s2sc+ unclc dc2cc c% )c ch*c )*c.cn3h lc 2+cch sn blc*hbslc. Chu + lh cs nu nu0hs )l+cc*ch% cs 4s 2blbsul% c+cs *cbusc s+ hsb+ cclc *cs chls +3s hlc bsnclus shu% du)+ hl3ss% hlc 2ssn3cs? unul% bun 4s hdc/+*h 7% dcbh*ccc
)*sc cnul c bh c hccs ch. Pu3sns )b 2s buns% sh* nc)*scc)c*ch dc h"s hlcgc <s 2hcc 4s 0hs )u3sns. H 4 s s+ 3s"s )+s *c.s c 0hs 0ul dcc< h 3s"s 2hcc )*sc cns. Chu +"s hs 2cl% <nc< s+ )bh + du*h% 4s chsh* dhc+ lh <ncc)u s<n nbs% hDung+"3s )cn *u 0ul3u0s*c c+ sc /b* )u ch <n/cchs. Nch)+*h % ccs 0hs buns s<n ccs 2bh* c s+*h3s% chsh* dc"hs 2blbss b bu c <n <ncc*ch*c6. Nu c dc4c* ch /sh3h 2+*+ )*sc cns? )*sc cnsh <n0ul3c4 c cclc bunc 4s <0)h* c *clclc: c lchc unsc <0)b *s/h sb*3ss hd/c*sc 4s u4u*h*c h su2lc ulus. &B'. *n h s3s sup!rs pc pr!4ts%. <n3clc)3ss hu 2bs 0c*cu )u3sn *+bd+ b*s% 2ssndc+ csnc hdhug+ 4 ssn3+ hdhug+ nc*+bdh*c7? 0ul h cunbh4 c*c c g*cu dc 0ul3u0s . Rcgulh cch 0hs 0h*c h /sc3ss% du)+ C)sc c % cs c *+bdh*ch% 4s lh ch h *cdus b Du0+ h c dsn
&B8 *n h s tc k!l!sc4ts dc prsctcns6 C2. #shc, S% @S@: Br., 8(% &&&% 7B8? CrsL, SS% 7: SSS% 6. Dc nb h c*0snblbgsh <0)*u0u h + dsn 0c h2s.sch scblhs sc+. &B8? unul, !un 4s hdc rht6 Cnu0c*h*ch cb*cs)undc% cu cCcc)3sh b*dsnss c*0cnslb*% h2b*ss0ulus scblhs sc? >Gubdlsbc cns cs unu0% /c*u0% bbnu0". &B86 b bu c *n *nccrchrc6 P*sc cnss >2bh* c s+*h3s" s<n ccs <0)*cun+ cu ch*c hs 0<nch 0ul + sh*c% db/hd+ dc <ndclungh + sn s0s h c 4s bun+ cunbh4 c*c *ccs)*bc+% <nc+ Cscc*b $Lhclsus shu Dcsprc prsctcnsc, @KE s)unch? >4s cs c hdc/+*h + /b*bh c+ *cbusc s+ 0+n<ncs 0ul c bhns3c ;lh . "!dsus) dc sh*c cu csnc/h )cn *u h"3s <ndc)lsns dh b*sh dc )*sc cn" ; *hd. dc H. P1*c+l+bcscuE. RN"BM% ).6&6% nb h &B% cs ch.+ 4s )*b/c*bul s)hnsbl >Nb c hhs dc 2sh* ssnb cbn Fuscn cb0sc*cs un 0b!b dc shl" ;>S+ nu c"nc*c.s dcc< <n ccl cu ch*c hs 0<nch un "!9! dc sh*c"E. sn<nd sch0h c+ s). "!9! lh . "!dsus ;7B8 &E cchs/hlh cu h 4h) ch )h* c dsn 0+su*h )*b)us+ dc G*hcs1n% hhnc#h. cchs/hlh + dc nbs )*sn bu c% *c.ul + c+ <ncc*ch*ch lh ch*c su)unc cl )*sc cnsh c 0ul 0hs cCsgcn +. P*b/c*bul c *+s)<nds 4s <n *cs ul h*scs *b0hnscc% dc cC. 2*. >Pbu* bscn cbnnh< *c un hb00c ss 2hu h/bs* 0hngc un 0usd dc scl h/cc lus" ;>Pcn *u h"& cunbh4 c bsnc )c un b0 *cbusc s+ 2s 0<nch un tnusd Hlh . "!dsus5 dc sh*c cu cl"E. &B' <n/h3+ s+"s su)b*3s )c )*b4 s? C2. Br., &&B: Crst., &%B%': SSS% (% &7. &B'7 4tssn... ncr!dhrc6 Chlc du)+ Cccl, S% &8? >Gus hdds scscn sh0% hdds c lhbb*c0". 7'8 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS
<n3clc)csunc6. Dhc+ c s+ blc*+0 bh c )*bs sslc% /h 2s nc/bsc dc 0ul + *+bdh*c. Uncb*s su)b* +0 0hs 0ul dc lh ccs dc ch*c dc)sndc0 0hs 0ul % ccch cc cbn ch.+ ch cCc*cs3su <n s +)<ns*ch dc ssnc. Dsn *+bdh*c nh4 c )hcch nc)*c3us +% ch*c c 2c*scs*ch )+0<n u"lus. Sh* ccl cc nu sc ss0 c"n s h*c s+ *hbdc s+ chu c *c *hgc*ch <n ssnc <nsu4s% dc sc /h )u ch blc*h 4s )c ssnc. &A9. D!r!c4tc ch un htcnt%6 cu *s/hlss% dsn )*cchu3sc% cu ccslhl3s% dsn cu/ssn3+. C s0) b*sc<nd s+ slbbb.c4 s /b*bh% nu 4s s"b scs <nh)bs7. T*cbusc s+ /b*bc4 s ch"n cs h0cn % cu c< 0hs )u3snc cu/sn c% cu h < 0hs )u3snc ls sgss. Pcn *u ccch cc"s <nsc0nh % <ncch*c+" c <n luc*u*s 2+*+ <nsc0n+ h c. H*chns h ch sch0+n+ cu ds/sns h ch6. Csnc /b*bc4 c u4b* lcsnc c dc"n/sns 4s dc cbn/sns. &A&. Cun!h4tc3s "ctchnclc dulcs%. Nscs b0ul ccl 0hs dcs+"/<*4s nu sch)+ dc /*cunh% 4s sc"nsbh*+ shu *+sc4 c cu clc. S<n dc"hlc sngcnsb.s +3ss% 0hs 0h*s <n cch 0hs 0h*c% shu 0hs bbsc*/hbslc. Nu )cn *u c+ snsul *cs)cc s/ nu 4s lc"h* cunbh4 c% cs )cn *u c+ 4s lc <nd*+gc4 c: dbu+ *clc lhblhl +? s+ c )hssbnc.s% 4s <nc+ dc /scss. S<n )c c hlc )c*2cc3sunss: )c"h < <s b2cnsch.+ )c ccs s *+sns )c c< dc bsnc lc sun+ )*cb)sncn3slb*. Hscs c )b3s <n/sngc /s cDc4 c% hd+u"g<nd hccs nb*bc cclb*lhl c *clsc2u*s. Tb3s sc )b scncsc <n clc% 4s"n lbc s+ lhudc 0ul ul bsnc )c ch*c"& hd0s*+% sc b)*csc lh cclc c*s schbslc% blh0<ndu"lc ch dc.bnbh*c h cclb*lhl c <n.cs *+*s. &A7. *n h s trsu"ks hsuprh sn sdscs 4s rclcs3 !snc%. Pu3sn <nsch0n+ dss)*c3ul% dc4s )*udcn % 0hs 0ul c 2slb s0sh. Nu s<n
&B'6 ...Cpsctct... *nclcpcsunc6 C2. Scncch. Dcpr! sdcntsh, (% 7: 4s ..cclc dbu+ cu/sn c 2bh* c s+n+ bhsc" hlc lus C)sc c % ch*c ns s"hu )+s *h <n *clh h*ch lus Hulus Gcllsus% N!pslc htscc, @#SS% &'%B"A? >Hccs c dbu+ cu/sn c s)unch c+ s<n cC/cb s KBd dsccCbu ;lh . h!stsnc ct sussnc)6 su)b* + 4s s +)<nc4 c" c" ; *hd. dc Dh/sd Pb)cscu% Cd. Hchdc0scs% &'AB% )). ((7=M6E. Hlcsh s 2blbsc4 c 4s cl hccs c cu/sn c <n *" b c0blc0+. &A9 D!r!c4tc ch un htcnt6 C2. Br., 66: Crst., SSS% 7. &A97 dhr nu s3! scs *nhp!s6 C2. Hb*h3su% Hrth p!ctsc, 6'9? >ncscs /bC 0sssh *c/cns" ;>dh* cu/<n ul sc+)h nu sc"n bh*cc"% *hd. dc Sbncl Mh*sncscuE% 4s Cpsst!lc, S% &8% 5&? >c sc0cl c0sssu0 /blh s**c/bchbslc /c*bu0" ;>b dh + *bs s +% /b*bh .bbh*+ 2+*+ s+ sc 0hs <n bh*c+"% *hd. dc C. Lb/sncscuE. &A96 ...ds snsthtch6 C2. Br., 6. Hccch4s *c2lcc3sc <n Dsstschh Cht!nss, S% 6? >P*bCs0us sslc Dcb cs Fus scs *h sbnc +cc*c". &A& ..."ctchnclc dulcs6 C2. Dssc, @% @@: Br., &B'. &A7& *n h s trsu"ks... C2. Dssc, SSS% S#: Br., &6&: Crst, SSS% '%&6. <n b*sgsnhl? Sh!cr trsunkhr dc lh c"ulhcsdn 9 "hlc !lcncsh, undc c"ulhcs!n h*c b hccc)3sc clh* ncgh s/+% )c ch*c h0 *clc/h "b )*sn *hducc*c%>sn/sdsc"% <n hccs scns *ccchu sc.us3ss >c0ulh3sh" )*sn *c )+ch clc 0b* hlc. #c.s HH"BG. BC% ). &'5h% nb h &. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 7''
dcs ulc h)lhu.c )cn *u b /b*b+ bun+ dcs)*c ccl cc /b*bc4 c dc *+u: nu c *+.bunh*c 0hs c*bsc+ dcc< )*sn 0c*s c 4s <n.cs *+*s ch*c <n/sng 4s b* u*ch.+ sn/sdsh. Kscch*c nb*bc c b *+sucs*c dc Du/+3 )cn *u *chuh"/bsn3+% sh* glb*sh *s/hlulus cs c shd )cn *u sn/sdsbs. Hcchs + )cdch)s+ c sbcb s + cch 0hs 0h*c? s+ 2hcs /cnsn dsn 2c*scs*c. Sn/sdsbsul nu 0bh*c b ssngu*+ dh +% cs dc b h < ch b*s c< c *+sc4 c <n ./bnu*s dc h)lhu.c ccl sn/sdsh % )c*cns h ch 2hs0cs unush <n *cc<ndu"sc cu )cnhls h ch ccluslhl ? )*s0ul c nc0u*s b* <n *u slh/+% hl dbslch <n *u ch.n+. T*<0bs3h 2hs0cs% ch*c sun+ h nc0u*s*c )cn *u unul% /cs c4 c 0bh* c )cn *u ccl+lhl % bs<ndsndu"& lh )h sbulul uncs h < dc )s.0us bh*c )h s0s. &A6. Nu cdch nscs!dht *n ds0#rhsh kcrscstulus dsn "sl pcntru ncn!r!cst%. Pcn *u unss c ncnb*bc ccch cc )cn *u hl3ss bbs4nusc4 c h 2s nb*bc% c+cs n"h* 2s unul 2c*scs % dhc+ n"h* 2s 0ul3s hl3ss nc2c*scs3s. Ncnb*bcs3slb* lc s + <n 2s*c s+"4s h *hg+ ss0)h sh bh0cnslb*% hcchs h /*<nd s+ *+s)l+ chsc+ )*sn 2h/bh*ch sh snu sl+
dc2h/bh*ch sb*3ss: 4s s"h )u u /cdch uncb*s cu0 ccl cc <n )*bs)c*s h c h 2bs dc cs h dc b3s% <n *cs *s4 c h 2bs cb0)+ s0s dc b3s? *+.bunh*ch )c ccl <n+l3h s"h )*cschs0bh <n cb0)hssunc )cn *u ccl c+.u . Sscuss ul s+ sh sch0h <ns+ cu0 h0cs cc+ sbh* h s +*slc. S<n unss ch*c nscsbdh + nu u0bl+ dcc< cu nc2c*scs3ss% s sc"hl+ u*+ h.s% dcbh*ccc c ncnb*bcs % hcclush dc ch*c sc*s 2ugssc*+% 2ssndc+ c*h 2c*scs : hs h db/cdc4 c )bh c nbblc3c dc ch*hc c*% dh* nu )+ *undc*c. &A(. Sc!htc c*tc cc h lh cdcrc%6 ch s+ cc*cc c.s hccc) h*ch% s+ /c.s cu0 s<n )*s0s c% 0hs hlcs cclc cu *cu4s + 4s *ccc*c <ndbsclnsc+.
&A6 ...ds0#rhsh kcrscstulus dsn "sl pcntru ncn!r!cst6 C2. Dssc, @@SSS: Br., 6&% A(% 78B: Crst., SS% A. Unul d:n cclc 0hs g*cu sn c*)*c hbslc h2b*ss0c dsn Br., 2u0s.<nd h*gu0cn c <n )*s0ul *<nd )h* s.hnslb* c.cs unus G*hcs1n )css0ss *hdschl% csnsc 4s 2+*+ sc*u)ulc% 4s 2+c<nd ds2scsl+ sus3snc*ch 4s h*gu0cn h*ch c.cs cbn *h*ss. S<n % )c l<ng+ ccl dc 2h3+% <nc+ *cs h2b*ss0c ch*c 2b*0ch.+ un blbc uns h* dsn hccs )unc dc /cdc*c? Cun!h4tc3s pc kcrscss ch s3s hlc#s, 4s pc ncn!r!css, ch s ku#s dc cs ;6&E% *n h s tc p0c4ts dc ncch0urs ;A(E. Nu pscrs dc nckcrscsrch hltush ;78BE% dccs 6&% A(% &A6 4s 78B. Hdc/+*ul c% )*bbhbsl% ch <n b dchunh% lh 0sDlbc. G*hcs1n sc 0s4c+ hscs <n h*sh )*udcn3cs 0undhnc% 4s ccch cc. ss0)lss % h* )u ch )+*ch ls)s+ dc sc*u)ul nu c dc 2h) dcc)c*sbhncs"% h b0ulus dcs+/<*4s % dc sn2lucn3clc 0hlsgnc hlc ncdcs+/<*4s*ss )c*sbnhlc h hl b*h% <n *uc< % <n /s.sunch lus G*hcs1n% nc2c*scs*ch nu 3snc nu0hs dc <n <0)lh*c shu dc sbh* +% cs 4s dc ch)hcs h ch snds/sdulus cunbsc+ b* dc ssnc dc h sc dc./bl h )*sn hss0slh*ch shu *cs)sngc*ch sn2lucn3clb* 0cdsulus. &A(& Sc!htc c*tc cc h lh cdcrc6 C2. Dssc, #SSS: Br., &6. 300 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS
Hssgu*s bunh <nchcsc*c 4s"3s *+0<nc s0) 2sc )cn *u hnghDh*c% 2sc )cn *u *c *hgc*c. <n hccs chs) sc )b sbndh /*c*slc% sh* h cn ul 4 sc )c cc chlc+? 0hCs0+ )*c/cdc*c <n sblscs h*c% db*sn3+ 4s gu/c*nh*c 7. &AB. P!hrt r0!!s c!rcct%. <n3clc) ul )bh c 2s ssls s+"& )bh* c% nu <ns+ 0<*4h/? 2scch*c *cbusc s+ hc3sbnc.c cu0 <s c 2clul% nu cu0 c ssls . C h)lhudhbsl+ 2slb s0sh <n *s/hls h c: sc chdc s+ lu)3s nu dbh* ch s+ <n/sngs )*sn 2b*3+% cs )*sn 2b*0+. H <n/sngc Dbsnsc nu c /sc b*sc% cs <n2*<ngc*c. Gcnc*b.s h ch h 2bs b dchunh su)c*sb*s h c. B0ul dc bsnc nu *ccu*gc nscsbdh + lh h*0c sn c*.ssc% cu0 s<n cclc hlc )*sc cnscs lschsdh c <n 2blbsul u*ss n+sc<ndc% c+cs nu *cbusc s+ c 2blbsc4 s dc <nc*cdc*c <n 2blbsul *+.bun+*ss: b cc 0s*bhsc h *+dh*c cbn h0snch.+ bunul nu0c. Lh bh0cnss dc bnbh*c c 0hs 3s)+ b* b*scc h b0 dc sc+lb4sc? nbblc3ch dc Dbsnscsc *cbusc s+ s ch lh 0h*c dss hn3+. K+lc4 c" c c+% dhc+ 2slb s0sh% gcnc*b.s h ch 4s 2sdcls h ch s"h* )sc*dc dsn lu0c% clc h* *cbus c+u h c <n )sc) ul +u. &AA. Dc!sc!c4tc pc !"ul spuscl!r dc ccl hl khptcl!r%. C b dss snc3sc ch)s hl+% ch 4s cch dsn *c )*sc cnul )c*sbhncs b*s hl sluDbcs% ch*c s<n 2bh* c ds2c*s3s. R+u c% c<nd n"hs /b*b+ bun+% s+ n"hs 2h) + *ch: 4s 0hs *+u% c<nd n"hs /b*b+ *ch% s+ n"hs 2h) + bun+7. H.s nu nc
&A(7 #u crnhrc6 Du)+ cu0 sc0nhlch.+ RN"BM% ). 67B% nb h 8% sc )h*c c+ hscs cs c b hlu.sc lh 0bdul dc h gu/c*nh )*hc sch dc Kc*nhndb Ch blscul% h4h cu0 *cscsc dsn *clh +*slc lus K*hnccscb Gusccsh*dsns% cu)*snsc <n sc*sc*ch sh ds2u.h + sub ds2c*s c s lu*s ch H crts"cnts, C!nss#ls, Pr!p!ssts!ns, Prccctts c scntcntsc. Rsc!rds c c. 4s s)+*s + <n nu0c*bhsc cds3ss ;Ph*ss &B5A% #cnc3sh &B86% Hn/c*s &B8B: #cnc3sh &B88%&B'8% &A98E% ch* c hbscn + dsn bsblsb cch lus Lhs hnbsh% ccch cc nu )c*0s c s+ sc cbnDcc u*c.c <n cc cds3sc h cbnsul h "b G*hcs1n. &ABs P!hrth r0!!s c!rcct6 C2. Dssc% S#: Br., &A&: Hsc, @@@% undc ul s0h sdcc h h2b*ss0ulus c h *sbus + lus K*hncssc S hl K*hn3cs% ch 4s <n Crst., SS% &9% )c u*0clc lus Lbdb/scb Gusccsh*dsns ;2*h c 0hs 0h*c hl lus K*hnccscbE% <n sc*sc*ch )ublsch + lh #cnc3sh% <n &BAB% sub s lul Dctts c khtts pshcc !ls ct #rh s...% *ccds h + <n hcclh4s lbc 4s sub hcclh4s s lu% dc ccl )u3sn <nc+ csncs b*s <n scc. hl @#S"lch% *c s)+*s + hl cb*s sub s lul H!rc ds rscrchts!nc ;#cnc3sh &B57... &A9(% &A79% &A(B c c.E 4s sub hcclh4s s lu <n s hlshn+ 4s 2*hncc.+ 4s lh Ph*ss ;&A&9%&A7(% &A6AE: cu0 nscs hcchs + ch* c nu sc h2l+ <n bsblsb cch Lhs hnbsh% nu sc )bh c )*ccs.h <n cc cds3sc h 2blbss "b G*hcs1n. #c.s RN"BM% ). 675% nb h &6% 4s BP"BG"BC&% ). (&9. &AA Dc!sc!c4tc pc !"ul spuscl!r...? C2. Br., &BA%&'&% 797: Crst., &.&6?&&&%6. &AA7 !r! *ch... khpt !un6 P*s0h )h* c h 2*h.cs ;<n b*sgsnhl? >Mhlb cs% nb cnscndb )hlhb*h bucnh% nb cnc* bb*h 0hlh"E c cbns *us + cbn *hdsc b*su% dc d*hgul )h*hlclss0ulus: )h* ch h dbuh ;>)cb*% nb cnscndb )hlhb*h 0hlh% nb cnc* bb*h bucnh"E )b*nc4 c% )*bbhbsl% dc lh .schlh >Ns bb*h bucnh% ns )hlhb*h 0hlh" ;>Nscs 2h) + bun+% nscs /b*b+ *ch"E% )*sn ch*c s<n s*bns.h3s ccs cc )*b0s 0ul 4s nu <n2+) uscsc ns0sc. #c.s RN" BM% ). 678% nb clc 6 4s (. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 301
0hs h*+ns0 cu /b*bc6% c+cs nu"s dcc< /<n % nscs nu 0hs *+s0 dsn cu* cnss% c+cs c b h0+gs*c cu* cns bh*c? h /<nh )+s+*s cu bglsndh cs c hdc/+*h h b*bs*c. #hns b4ss sc dhu <n /<n du)+ /<n . #b*bclc *cbusc s+ 2sc .+lbg hl 2h) clb* 4s hs 2cl s+ hsb+ hccch4s /hlbh*c. Cb)hcss ch*c nu dhu *bd% cs 2*un.c% dc bbsccs n"hu sns0+? sc chdc s+"s cunb4 s? )b0ss )cn *u 2blbs% cb)hcss )cn *u u0b*+. &A5. *n h s tc h7us%. <n 0h*slc s0)hsu*s nu c b/+*+4sc 0hs bun+ dcc< b sns0+ d<*.+7? 4s dhc+ )*cgc +% *cbusc s"b <nlbcusc4 s cu 0+dulh*clc dsn h)*b)sc*ch cs. Ncch.u*slc"s )h* 0hs 0scs cus 4 sc s+ sc hDu c. Nu ch)s ulh <n 2h3h sb*3ss% hl 0sn c*s <3s /h dc/cns dc ncsu2c*s . Unss sc sus3sn )u3sn lh 0uncs 4s lc"ndbscsc% nc4 ssnd s+ lc <ndu*c. Csnc h hDuns s+ sc cunbhsc+ <4s hDu + sl+bscsunch cu chsb.usn3+% sh* dsscc*n+0<n ul bs*usc b ul% chsh* 4s s clclc6. &A8. Nu dc cns "!nstru hl pr!stscs%. Hs h s<n b3s /hns b4ss% <nc*c.u3ss% <nc+)+3<nh3ss% ch)*scsb4ss% ch)sb0hnss% cCccn *scss% 2hn"dbss3ss% 0+sc+*scss% ./bnh*ss% )h*hdbCs4 ss% scc h*ss 4s bh c sbsu*slc dc ch)c c ch)ss% 0bn4 *s% b3s% hs ncbb*+.+*ss. B*scc 0bns *ub.s h c h cugc ulus c 0hs cu0)ls + dcc< cch h *u)ulus 7% dcbh*ccc sc dc.scc dc 2*u0usc3ch su)c*sbh*+. Csnc /h"nd*c) h <ns+ h < h sc*<n" s*c bb4 chsc+Q Undc ls)sc4 c bunul"ss03 n"h*c cc c+u h <nd*u0h*ch% sh* ccch cc *cbusc s+ 2sc bbsc*/h*c hd<ncs + h dc*s.sunss c b *+u <n c0csh + )*c.u03sc dc h)lhu.c s0hgsnh*c. &A'. Htcnsc "hs "hrc s nu dhs #rc4 ! dht dcc*t s ns"crc4ts dc ! sut dc !rs%. Ns0cns nu sc us + lh sbh*clc s *+lucs b*% 4s b3s lh
&AA6 ... !r!c6 C2. .schlh )b)ulh*+ >Cbn lhs bucnhs )hlhb*hs nhdsc cb0c" ;Rbd*<guc. Mh*sn% >Cu /b*bc bunc ns0cns nu sc h*+nc4 c"E. &A5
*n h s tc h7us6 C2. Cr., P#: Dssc, SSS. &A57 ...sns" d*r06 K*h.+ h *sbus + lus Ch*bl C0hnucl S% ducc dc Sh/bsh% <n G. Bb c*b% Dctts "c"!rh!sls, 2bl. 6'*. #c.s 4s Cr., S#% nb h 69. &A56 chshr 4s stclclc6 Cbn2b*0 )*b/c*bulus >Sh)scns db0snhbs u* hs *ss"% h *sbus lus P blb0cu dc c+ *c Lsccn3sh ul #shnh% <n Lhs trhnsk!r"hcs!ncs dc B sds!, #hllhdblsd% &B8'% 2bl. 76A/.% /c.s RN"BM% ). 66&% nb h &&. &A8" ...0bns *u hl pr!stscs6 C2. Dssc., S@% @#S: Br., &(6. &A87 ...dcc*t cch h trupulus6 C2. Cscc*b% Tusculhnhc dssputhts!ncs, SSS% 6? >Bblslc su2lc ulus s<n 0hs d+un+ bh*c 4s 0hs 0ul c dcc< cclc hlc *u)ulus". &A's Htcnsc... s nu dhs #rc4...6 C2. Dssc, @@: Br., &8B: Crst., SS% &&. Hdh) h*c h unus /cchs )*b/c*b culcs dc Cb**chs? >Hh.0c cscn b% ! !+**h0c unh% ! sc hchbb u bucnh 2b* unh" ;>Ns0c*c4 c"0s dc"b su + dc b*s 4s g*c4c4 c"0s b dh +% c+ nb*bcul 3s sc gh h"E. 302 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS
ccl ccls)sh . Ccn.u*h /ulgh*+ nu"3s /h nu0+*h dc c< c b*s ns0c*c4 s% cs dc c< c dhs g*c4. Mhs cunbscu3s s<n *+ss% du)+ clc/c s*s%" dcc< ccs buns% du)+ h)lhu.c? 0ul3s n"hu 2bs cunbscu3s )<n+ c<nd n"hu c+lch s *<0b. 4s bh c succcsclc lhblhl + nu"s dc"hDuns ch s+ dc.0sn + un ssngu* 4s sn2s0 s sg0h . s l+0u*chsc+"sc b b0ul c+"s /b* 2s nb h c bh c cclc *clc% dh* ns0sc bun% dc c+ *c *chuh"/bsn3+. &59. 1!l!sc4tc rc0cr clc *n t!htc%. <3s hssgu*s hs 2cl su)c*sb*s h ch. Nu"3s u.h bh + ch)hcs h ch 4s nscs bh c 2b*3clc nu *cbusc s+ 3s lc h*+3s dc 2scch*c dh +. P<n+ 4s"n 4 ssn3+ *cbusc s+ hs cc/h )us dcb)h* c% c+cs c b dublh*c h dcs+/<*4s*slb*. S+ hs b dchunh lh cc *ccu*gc <n *"b ss uh3sc c*s sc+. Mhs dc 2blbs s<n hDu bh*clc dcc< h hcul% c+cs hduc 2blbs 4s *c)u h3sc. P*bccdcul cu0sn3cnscs h 2bs b dchunh lh ssgu*. s chsh* <n scnsul hccs h c hdc/+*h )h*hdbCul )schn ? 0hs 0ul c Du0+ h ch dcc< <n *cgul 7. &5&. Nu ss!ss kh !hrch%. Mh*ss )*sc cns s<n )cn *u <0)*cDu*+*slc 0h*s. Mul h <nc*cdc*c nu *cbusc 2blbss + )c luc*u*s dc ns0sc% c+cs h* 2s *sss)+ dc bun+/bsn3+? hncb*h shc*+? c )+s *h + b dchunh )cn *u ul s0h )*s0cDdsc. Dhc+ <n )u3sn hbu.c.s dc 0ul . cc"3s /h *+0<nc )cn *u 0hs h)bsO Ns0sc 0hs dc0n dc )*b cc3sc ch )*b cc b*ss 4s ns0sc 0hs /hlb*bs hs +.s dcc< 2h/bh*ch? 2hcc 4s dcs2hcc )c lu0c% )<n+ 4s 0sn ch b d+ 4s"b sh: )c <n3clc)3s% )c c< <s 2h/b*s.ch.+ nh u*h% )c"h < h"s )s.0usc4 c sbh* h. Mhs 0ul c h 4 s s+"3s )+s *c.s )*sc cnss% 4s s+"s hs% dcc< h/c*slc. &57. Nu tc punc cu csnc n3hrc ns"sc dc pscrdut%. <nsch0n+ s+ lu)3s sncghl. Ccl+lhl )b*nc4 c cu nc)+sh*c% dcbh*ccc 4s"h )sc*du 4s *u4snch: h c*0snh b % nu 0hs h*c cc )sc*dc% 4s hs 2cl sc n+)us c4 c cu bh + ncbb*+.h*ch. S+ nu"3s cC)us nscsbdh + uncs )*s0cDdss h < dc c*un c nc)*c3us h *c)u h3sc: c"h cbs h 0ul3s hns s"b c<4 sgs 4s"b )b3s )sc*dc <n cls)+ dsn *"b cls)s*c? b bbh*c dc dssc*cds <nghch3+ 0ul + sudbh*c csns s +. Pc b0ul dc chls h c 2h) ul c+ h*c
&59& 1!l!sc4tc rc0cr clc...6 C2. Cr., S: Br., B8. &597 "hs "ult c 7u"thtch dcc*t *ntrc#ul6 Hlu.sc lh )h*hdbCul lus Hcssbd% /c.s Cr., S% nb h '. Schb)cnhhuc* h bbsc*/h )*s0ul c+ )h*hdbCul nu"s h)h*3snc lus Ps " hcbs dsn Ms slcnc. &5& Hu sr!ss kh !hrch6 C2. Crst., SS% A. S#S7 hnc!rh shcr6 <n b*sgsnhl% >shg*hdh hncb*h"% c*h hncb*h cch 0hs 0h*c. )+s *h + ch ul s0 0sDlbc dc shl/h*c <n ch. dc 2u* un+. H. dcl Hb!b c*cdc c+ h* )u ch 2s /b*bh 4s dc un Dbc dc sdcs <n *c c*0cnul nhu sc 4s s0hgsnch Kccsbh*cs ch hncb*+ h shl/+*ss. C2. 4s Hlcsh s% C"!lc"h &(6% ch*c 2hcc hlu.sc lh )*b/c*bul lh sncsc >hnchb*h0 shc*h0 sbl/c*c"% cs h dc cb0cn h b*ss lus Hlcsh s. &57& Nu tc punc...6 C2. Br., &&A: Crst., SU% (. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNTCS 303
0ul dc )sc*du <l 2hcc *c3snu : lu<nd sch0h lh bnbh*c% sh 4s lh b)usul cs 4s% hnghD<ndu"sc h cn % )*bccdch.+ h < dc lcn % <nc< <s lhs+ )*udcn3cs s0) s+ sc *c *hg+ lh s0) 4s s+ )un+ lh hd+)bs bnbh*ch. Nscs cu bs*usn3h nu /cs *cc<4 sgh ccch cc hs )sc*du dbh* cC)un<ndu" c s+ )sc*.s. &56. Nu k* dc stscl *n rclhss%. s cu h < 0hs )u3sn <n )*sc cnsc. Unss sc s)h*g cu 0h*c u4u*sn3+% dc./+lusndu" 4s )u3snh cbnsss cn3+: sc hcb)c*+ )c cs <n4s4s dc b2cns+% )c ccslhl3s dc su)+*h*c. H*h + c+ hu b 2s*c 0hs cb)sl+*bhs+ dcc< )u)slclc bchslb*% dc /*c0c cc nu"ng+dusc s+ 2sc h sns+ nscs <n glu0+% nscs <n hdc/+*: b Dsgnc4 c 4s"unnb*% nscs nu"s nc/bsc dc nb*bs7. Ccs ch*c"s 2*cc/cn ch.+ *cbusc s+ sc )bh* c cu 0ul hc % 0cnhD<ndu"lc 0c*cu suscc) sbsls +3slc: ls sc dhu du)+ )+*% 4 ssnd c+ 4s ccl 0hs 0sc *+s)+* 6 lc dss)lhcc. Hcc4 sh s<n dc bbsccs 2bh* c )lsns dc ssnc% *bbs hs )lhculus lb*% dc d*hgul c+*ush h* *ccc )cs c b*scc% sdblh *s hs )*b)*scs 3<2nc. Ks*ch unus h0hn h*c Du0+ h c dsn dsh0hn ( <n du*h*c 4s"n <ndu*h*c. &5(. Nu trs #r!st%. H 4 s s+ *c)h* s.c.s luc*u*slc <nsch0n+ h 4 s s+ lc sh/u*c.s. Mul b*h lc )*ssbsc4 c /sh3h 4s ls sc ss)*+/c4 c nb*bcul: *h ch.+ bucu*sslc% c+cs nu lc sh/u*ch.+% 4s"h* /*ch h)bs s+ sc <n bh*c+ du)+ cc sc )b0cncsc h < dc dc)h* c: su*ugss hs /sc3ss% ch*c gbhncs bb4 c4 s h s0)ulus <s hdhug+ 4s )*ccs)s h*ch 2s*ss lb*: h* /*ch s+ dc/b*c.c <n *"b .s ccch cc hbsh /b* )u ch 0ss us bh + /sh3h: *+scsc )*s)s3s <n 2c*scs*s% <4s 0+n<nc+ hnss cc /sn 4s% u0bs<nd cu h < h g*+bs*c% ss)*+/csc *c)cdc b ul. Chsh* 4s <n /*c*ch dc h 4 s ch + s+ 2sc b 0+su*+% ch s+ nu 4 ss luc*u*slc *+u 4 su c. Mhs 0ul c .slc"s dcc< bsnc7. Lh dcs2+ h*c% <ncc : lh 2h) +% su c. Ss)*+/slb* lc s + bsnc s+/<*4s c: 0ul3u0s*slb*% *+u% ss)*+/s c.
&56& Hu h dc stscl *n rclhss6 C2. Dssc, @SS. >Dc s scl+"% h4h cu0 c*cdch c+ cs c lsccn3sh ul RbdhDh% c*bul nu/clcs cc*/hn snc Cl lsccncshd! Dsdrscrh ;Lsccn3sh ul S s"clbhn3+E% hl c+*us nu0c h c+)+ h cs*culh3sc )h*c0sblbgsc+? ;Scr cl lsccncshd! Dsdrscrh. H)lschsc h hFucllh )c*sbnh... h Fuscn bdb b2cndc ! 0blcs h" = Sbh*bs. &567 n!r... n!r!s6 Cchs/hl+0 Dbcul dc cu/sn c dsn b*sgsnhl? >0b hs" >nb hs". &566 pr... rspr6 Cchs/hl+0 Dbcul dc cu/sn c dsn b*sgsnhl? >gu1*dhnlcs l!s hsrcs )b*Fuc cl 0hs lc/c dcshsrc Scs dcsh.bnh". &56( h"hnt... dsh"hnt6 P*clu+0 Dbcul dc cu/sn c h"hntc = dsh"hntc, cs s ds3h"hntc. S). h"hntc <nsch0n+ >ccl cc subc4 c cc/h"% nu
nu0hs <n scns c*b sc. &5( Nu trs #r!st6 C2. Br., &59: Crst., SS% (% 5: SSS% J% '. &5(7 0slc... !snc6 Cchs/hl+0 hs 2cl )c*cchch hsbnhn3h + dsn b*sgsnhl? >Sbn 0hs lbs dshs Fuc lhs dschh C /b*bh dc hdh) h*ch unus )*b/c*b cbnsc0nh <nc+ dc Cb/h**ubshs? >Mhs dshs hh! Fuc lbnghns.hs" ;>S<n 0hs 0ul c .slc dcc< c<0h3s"E. 304 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 69B
&5B. B" su!sthnshl%. Sh* ccl cc cs c nu sc 0ul3u0c4 c cu ccs cc nu s<n . Nc2c*scs + c c0sncn3h ch*c nu sc" n c0csh.+ )c subs hn3+. Nu b3s ccs cc )h* s<n bh0cns? s<n unss chl)s% ch*c .+0sslcsc dsn hs0c*+ 4s"hduc )c lu0c )chls/hnss: 4s s<n hl3ss dc"b ch)+ cu cs ch*c"s s)*sDsn+ 4s )*c2c*+ sncc* s udsnch 2+g+dus + dc"b <n4cl+ b*sc% dcbh*ccc c 0ul +% cc* s udsnss chc.+4us c dc un hdc/+*% dcbh*ccc c )u3sn+. P<n+ lh u*0+% ch)*scsslc lb* s2<*4csc *+u% 2ssndc+ n"hu c0clsc dc sn cg*s h c. Ssngu* hdc/+*ul )bh c dh *c)u h3sc hdc/+*h + 4s dbh* subs hn3h c dc 2blbs. B )chls/+nsc h*c nc/bsc dc 0ul c hl clc 4s hs 2cl% <n *chgh .sds*c c hs0c*+ 4s% cu0 sc" n c0csh.+ )c hc*% sc )*+bu4c4 c nch)+*h lh )+0<n ? b dc.b*dsnc nu hDungc nscsbdh + lh hd<ncs b+ *<nc3s: )*s/cls4 ch 0ul ulus )c ch*c"& )*b0s c c dcs ul ch s+ b 2hc+ sus)cc +% h4h cu0 db/hdh cCccss/+ c snhd0sssbsl+. &5A. Jtss. shu hscult3l pc ccl cc 4tsc%. K+*+ <n3clcgc*c% )*b)*sc shu dc <0)*u0u % nu sc )bh c *hs: s<n <ns+ 0ul3s ch*c sgnb*+ c+ nu 4 su% 4s hl3ss ch*c c*cd c+ 4 su% nc4 ssnd. Mc chnclc dsn )*bs sc s<n sncu*hbslc% dcbh*ccc sgnb*hn3ss% nccunbsc<ndu"sc% nu chu + nscs cc lc ls)sc4 c. Unss h* 2s <n3clc)3s dhc+ n"h* c*cdc c+ s<n . Dsn )*scsnh hcchs h% b*hcblclc dc <n3clc)csunc% dc4s s<n *h*c. *+scsc dcgchbh% 2ssndc+ ns0cns nu lc cbnsul +. H cc*c un s2h nu 0sc4b*ch.+ 0+*c3sh% nscs nu cbn *h.scc ch)hcs h ch: ds0)b *s/+% u*0h*ch unus s2h bun b hc*cds ch.+. Dc.bh c% dh*% cu *h3sunch% dc nu% c bh c ncnb*bcul. &55. C st kh"slshrstslc *n rclhss%. Nu *cbusc 2blbss c 4s nscs <ng+dus c. Csnc c )*ch 2h0slsh* <4s )sc*dc *c)cdc su)c*sb*s h ch )c ch*c s"b d+dch g*h/s h ch% 4s% du)+ ch% cbnssdc*h3sh. H4 *ss% nc2ssndu"nc h)*b)sh3s% sc 0cn3sn <n s)lcndbh*ch lb*. Ds/sns h ch )*c sndc *cs)cc : b*scc b0cnsc <nlcsnc4 c dss)*c3ul. Luc*u*slc b0cnc4 s% cu c< lc hs 0hs dcs% cu h < lc )*s/c4 s 0hs dc sus% dcbh*ccc )*sn cb0unsch*c sc cb0unsc+ 4s s0)c*2cc3sunslc )c ch*c *c.c*/h lc hscundc. Cu ns0cns nu c cbn/cnhbsl s+ c )b*3s 2h0slsh*? cu su)c*sb*ss nu% dsn chu.h )*s0cDdscs% nscs cu sn2c*sb*ss% dsn chu.h nccu/ssn3cs: nccu0 cu 0bDscs0ch ch*c% dsn
&5B B" su!sthnshl6 C2. Dssc, @#SS: CrsL, S% 5: SS% (: SSS9 (. &5A Jtss... 4tsc6 C2. Dssc.% @: Br., &(5% &'B. C2. 4s Ssr., A% 6(? >Dc"3s /h )l+cch s+ hscul3s% /cs <n/+3h 4s dc /cs )lcch u*cchch h% <n3clc) /cs 2s". 1== C st kh"slshrstslc...6 C2. Dssc., L@% @S% @#S: Br., 6% 8B% 787%78'.
)*bs sc% sc bb*+.nscc4 c 4s% nc*ccunbsc<nd hh <*ul cc s sc 2hcc% <4s <nchs)usc c+ h4h sc chdc. Kh0slsh*ss0ul c l+s h* dc /ulgh*s h c. &58. Crcdc *n sns". s 0hs hlcs dhc+ c dc n+dcDdc. Nu b cbn *h.scc nscsbdh +% c+cs bbs4nusc4 c h 2s )*bnbs sc h b cc c 0hs <nsc0nh ? b*hcbl dc chs+. Mul3s hu )sc*s dc cc lc c*h 2*sc+% dh* cc 2blbs s+"3s 2sc 2*sc+ 2+*+ h c+u h <nd*c) h*chO Unss% )*s/slcgsu hl nh u*ss lb* su)c*sbh*c% hu b sns0+ ncs)us dc lchl+% ch*c"s )*c/snc b dchunh 4s d+ hlh*0h )cn *u h g+ss *c0cdsul. Nu"s cu0sn c s+ sc4s <n d*u0ul *clclb*% ch s+ lc"n <0)sns% cs dbh* s+ lc s hs <n d*u0. ch s+ lc bs*us. &5'. Dsscrcsh c pccctch chphcstss%. Psc) ul 2+*+ scc*c c sc*ssbh*c dcschss+. Undc cs c hd<ncs0c s<n scc*c clc hd<ncs% c+cs s<n 0h*s s)h3ss 4s s<nu*s undc sc h2und+ luc*u*slc dc )*c3. P*b/snc dsn *"b 0h*c s +)<ns*c dc ssnc% 4s h c <n/sngc hscs <nsch0n+ hdc/+*h h *su02h*c. Pl+ c4 s *sbu u u*b* cclb* c+*b*h ls cdcs +snus. S+n+ h ch )*udcn3cs cbns + <n 0bdc*h3sh l+un *sc+. Pc*scblclc dssc*c3scs s<n )unc*ch lh <ncc*ch*c dc c+ *c ccslhl3s% cbn *h.scc*ch )cn *u h s0ulgc% h*unch*ch dc s+gc3s7 )cn *u h"S scbh c dsn s+*s c 4s )c h cn ul ccl 0hs .+/b*< . Luc*u*slc )c ch*c *cbusc s+ lc 2hcs nu *cbusc s+ lc s)us% sh* cclc )c ch*c *cbusc s+ lc s)us nu *cbusc s+ lc 2hcs. &89. Nu tc c!nducc nscs!dht dup ccch cc hr trc!us s khc du4"hnul%3 P*bs ul nu /h 2hcc nscsbdh + cc sbcb c4 c cu0sn clc% )cn *u c+ nu )*scc)c cc c )b *s/s . Dhc+ c dsscc*n+ b* 7% nscs h < % dcbh*ccc /h /*ch s+"3s hscund+ sn cn3sh )+ *uns+ 4s chsh* hn scs)h +. Ss uh3sslc *cbusc c<n +*s c )c h0bclc 2c3c 4s *+sucs c )c"b )h* c 4s )c hl h% )*cg+ sndu"lc )cn *u dbu+ h)c6. Judcc+3slc s<n ds/c*sc? luh*ch dccs.scs 2sc h cn + nu h < lh cc /h 2s% c< lh ccch cc )bh c 2s(. &8&. 1r s "sns, nu spunc t!htc hdc rurslc%. Ns0sc nu cc*c 0hs 0ul hc dcc< hdc/+*ul% ch*c c b l+sh*c dc s<ngc dc lh sns0+. Dc b h < h hs nc/bsc )cn *u h 4 s s+"& s)us ch 4s )cn *u h 4 s s+"&
&5' Dsscrcsh...6 C2. Cr., SS: Dssc., SSS) Br., 6% 777. &5'7 hrunchrch dc s#cs6 #c.s Br., 65. &89 ...du4"hnul6 C2. Br., 89% 8(% 756. &897 Dhc c dssccrnt!r6 C /b*bh% dcssgu*% dc >du40hn". &896 d!u hpc6 Hdsc+ dbu+ ds*cc3ss shu )unc c dc /cdc*c. &89( cc h ks... cc p!htc ks6 Cu hl c cu/sn c% s+ 2sc h cn + h < lh ccch cc c )*bbhbsl% c< 4s lh ccch cc cs c )bssbsl. 181 ...t!htc hdc rurslc6 C2. Crst., SSS9 6. 69A BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNTCS BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 307
*ccs sub +cc*c. Cu b ssngu*+ 0sncsun+ sc )sc*dc b c*cds ul sn cg*s +3ss. H0+gs ul c sbcb s 2+*+ ch)% sh* h0+gs b*ul chl)7% ccch cc c 4s 0hs *+u. Nu bh c hdc/+*u*slc )b 2s s)usc? unclc )cn *u c+ 0+ )*s/csc )c 0snc%
hl clc% )c hl ul. &87. Un str!p dc *ndr0nchl kh dc b) c "hrc cu"sncnsc%. T*cbusc s+"3s 0bdc*c.s )+*c*ch dcs)*c ccslhl3s )cn *u h nu"3s 2hcc dcs)*c cs b sdcc h < dc <nhl +% <nc< s+"3s 2sc ch0+ dc cs: s0hgsnh3sh s+ nu su)un+ nscsbdh + sns0h. Unss )h* 0ul )<n+ c<nd hs dc"h 2hcc cu cs% dh* 2*cc/cn h*ch lb* <3s sluDc4 c 0hs 0ul ch dc.h0+gs*c dcc< ch )*c3us*c. Ns0cns nu dc)+4c4 c ls0s clc *cs *<nsc hlc b0ulus? b3s <4s hu dhc Du"ul lb*% unss <n sngcnsb.s h c% hl3ss <n 2s*c. Rhngul d+ hu b*s h c h)h*cn +% *h*cb*s <l <nsb3c4 c cch )c*sbnhl+% c+cs sbh* h bbs4nusc4 c s+ *+.bunc su)c*sb*s h ch d*cg+ b*scs )*sn sn2c*sb*s h ch 0c*s clb*. S0hgsnh3sh b sh 0c*cu <nhsn c 4s .ug*+/c4 c luc*u*slc 0ul 0hs 0h*s dcc< s<n : nu cbncc)c dbh* ccch cc cs c. cs 4s ccch cc"h* )u ch 2s. Ch + s" b cb*cc c.c *h3sunch% h < dc dc.h0+gs + )*sn cC)c*scn3c. Dh* nscs )*bs sh nu *cbusc s+ 2sc <nd*+.nch3+% du)+ cu0 nscs /s* u ch s2sbhs+. s dhc+ <nc*cdc*ch <n ssnc 2h/b*s.ch.+ s+*+csh cu duhul% cu h < 0hs dc 2blbs lc /h 2s /hlb*ss 4s 4 ssn3csQ &86. Nu tc crh"p!nh c-ccss . B*scc )*bs c <nc+)+3<nh 4s b*scc <nc+)+3<nh % )*bs 4s% cu c< <s c 0hs g*c4s + Dudcch h% cu h < 0hs 0h*c cnhcs h ch. Chsh* 4s"n ch.ul uncs c/sdcn3c c bnb*hbsl s+ ccdc.s% dcbh*ccc nu 3s sc sgnb*+ d*c) h ch )c ch*c hs h/u "b 4s 3s sc *ccunbh4 c 2slb s0sh )c ch*c b hs. Mhs 0ul )sc*.s cu <nd+*+ nscs*ch dcc< )b3s c<4 sgh cu bs*us*ch: h4h nu h)c*s hdc/+*ul% cs g*bsbl+nsh. S<n ch)c c dc 2sc*% g*cu dc cbn/sns% cu cC *c0ss0 dc nclccus : c<nd ch)*scsul sc hdun+ cu <nc+)+3<nh*ch% sc <nsb3csc sndssblubsl cu )*bs sh. D<*.cnsh c lh lbcul cs <n /bsn3+% nu <n Dudcch +. S<n <ns+ 4s cCcc)3ss% s)*c"h nu nc l+sh s+ )sc*dc0 4s s+ 2s0 <n/sn4s dc dbu+ b*s? )*s0h dh + <n chsb.us*c% h dbuh <n cCccu h*c. &8(. Nu ks chrtc dc ccrc"!nss6 c+cs )<n+ 4s lh un *cgc h2cc h*ch <n hcchs + )*s/sn3+ h 2bs c<n +*s + ch b csud+3cnsc7. B*scc suscc)"
&8&7 ch)... ch)? Cchs/hl+0 hs 2cl )c*cchch )h*bns0sc+ hSb= khls!. &87 Un str!p... c&%%%-c'cC C2. Dssc, SS: Br., (7%7'7: Crst., SS% &9? SSS% '. &86 Nu c crh"p!nh c-ccss 6 C2. Dssc., @S#: Br., &6B% &('. &8( Nu 2s ch* c dc ccrc"!nss6 C2. Br., &56: Crst., SS% 8% dcs)*c K*hn3h ;dc4s )bh c 2s /b*bh 4s dcs)*c Pb* ughlshE. &8(7 1#c.. csudcnsc6 Hlu.sc lh Pcd*b hl S#"lch ccl Cc*c0bnsbs ;&76A"&78BE% *cgc hl H*hgbnulus dsn &75A.
sbsl c )cnsbsl% 4s s<n nh3ss <n *cgs <0b*bbbds c <n hcchs + sl+bscsunc. S *hsul )*bs scs c cusu dbh* cu hsc0cnch )unc c6% sdblh *c hlc bnbh*cs lb* 4s h*+ <nd dbh* c+ hcchs h sc <n c0csh.+ )c 0hs ns0sc% dc /*c0c cc sc c0 c+ b ul h* )u ch"b Dsgns. Bsnc"s s+ hs g*sD+ dc *cs)cc % dh* nu s+ 2ss <ncbndcsh d*c) 0h*c 0hcs *u hl c schc cs: c 2bh* c hdc/+*h c+ b0ul nccc*c0bnsbs h*c nc/bsc dc /s* u3s cCcclcn c. Nu *cbusc nscs s+ 2hcs )h*hd+ dc cu* cnsc% nscs s+ b dss)*c3usc4 s. Nu h*h + h 2s 0h*c csnc sh sch0h lh )unc s4bh*c. &8B. Nscs!dht nu3s c-punc crcdstul Sh ! ssn#ur *nccrchrc %6 c+cs dhc+ ch nu s.bu c4 c% dhunh c s*c)h*hbsl+. C 2bh* c )bssbsl s+ dhs g*c4 b dh +% 4s 0hs hlcs )*s0h: nu c4 s 0c*cu lh /*c0c cu )slcD% dc undc .schlh h h ch 0s !un. S"b chc.+4ushsc+% h4hdh*% h dbuh )c )*s0h% dc /cs g*c4s: sh* dc /cs *cu4s% )*s0h b /h *+scu0)+*h )c"h dbuh: *cbusc s+ hs b dchunh *ccu*s lh 0hs bsnc 4s h)cl lh 0hs 0ul . Luc*u*slc dc)snd dc cbn sngcn3c% 4s dc 0ul c% 4s hs 2cl nb*bcul sc4s*ss cu bsnc c *h*. &8A. Cun!h4tc dckcctclc%6 b*sc< + hu b*s h c h* h/ch clc. Sn cg*s h ch s+ nu nccunbhsc+ /scsul chsh* dc s"h* <0b*+ch <n b*bch* ? )bh* + uncb*s cb*bhn+ dc hu*% dh* )*sn hcchs h nu"4s )bh c hscundc 2sh*clc7. Nu"4s )sc*dc sclh/sh Dbsnscscs nscs chsh* dc.0sn3s dc *hngul snsulus. #scsslc )b 2s *clsc2h c b*sc< . *clsc2u*s <ns+ nu s<n . Unss /+d c+ c*bul cu h*c6 h h/u cu h*c sc+dc*c% 2+*+ h /cdch <ns+ c+ nu )*sn hs h h 2bs cl c*bu. CCc0)lul su)c*sb* c h < dc clbc/cn % <nc< 2hcc cbn/sng+ bh*c 4s hsdb4cnsslc: )<n+ 4s )c cclc hlc chs)ulus lc"h s0s h uncb*s lsngu4s*ch% ncd<ndu"4s sch0h c+ dhc+ <n 0+*c3sc s<n ncbbsc*/h c% <n 0scs0c s<n dc cs h c. &85. T!t cc3s kh !rh!sl hltush k ssn#ur, t!t cc3s !ds!s, prsn sntcrpu4s%. P*sn *"unh <3s h *hgs h2cc3sunch% )*sn cchlhl + c/s3s *chuh"/bsn3+.
&8(6 hsc0cnch punctc6 Hlu.sc lh >)unc ul dc bnbh*c" ;s). pund!n!r). &8B crcdstul... *nccrchrc6 C2. Br., &6'% &A'. &8A Cun!h4tc dckcctclc6 C2. Dssc, #S% @#S% @@: Br., &A&. &8A7 hur... kshrclc6 <n b*sgsnhl% 9crr!, 2*cc/cn cchs/bc bh.h )c b0bg*h2sh 4s b0b2bnsh cCss cn c <n c)bc+ 4s cul s/h c dc G*hcs1n% <n *c hscrr! ;2sc*E 4s 9crr! ;g*c4chl+E. H0 cchs/hlh % hscs ch 4s <n hl c lbcu*s% )*sn dublul <n3clcs hl subs . kshrc. &8A6 cuthrc6 <n s)s*s ul Dbcu*slb* dc cu/sn c g*hcshnc4 s% )u c0 cs s hscs 4s cu thrc. &85...prsn sntcrpu4s6 C2. Br., B% 67% &8'% 7B7% 78A. H2b*ss0ul hccs h c s *<ns lcgh c0h sc dc h2. &('. #c.s )cn *u h0bclc HH"BG. BC% )). &'6h 4s 796b% cu nb clc *cs)cc s/c. 698 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNTCS
Lc c 0hs )l+cu 0h*slb* bh0cns s+ 2hc+ bsnclc dcc< s+"& )*s0chsc+7% c+cs c b 2c*scs*c h gcnc*b.s +3ss lb*. Rh*cb*s )*scsnusc4 s cus/h un ncch. 2+*+ h"& *css03s 4s u% 2sc 0s4ch dc su2c*sn3+% 2sc 0u4ch dc c+sn3+. Chu.clc su)c*sbh*c6 nu hc3sbnch.+ 2+*+ )lh + shu *+s)lh +. Bsnclc <n*<u*c4 c nc0sDlbcs % 4s *+ul 0sDlbcs . Hs hsu)*h cus s+ chd+ lb/s u*slc nc0ul3u0s*ss% 4s hnu0c u*h 4s clc/c s*ch. Tu*bh*ch /ulgh*+ c dc bbsccs ch hccch chnsn+% ch*c% sgnb"*<ndu"4s chu.h )*+)+dulus% sc <n bh*cc <0)b *s/h sns *u0cn ulus: 4s cu bh c c+ nu hccs h )bh* + /snh )*sncs)hl+% )cdch)sh b su2c*+ nc0sDlbcs . &88. S hs cc ludh. C c*cds hl gus ulus% sc0n c+ 3s"c dc)*sns cu b cc"s 0hs bun 4s c+"s )b3s dh b*h )*c3us*ch luc*u*slb* dc hscs? csnc h 4 su s+ cunbhsc+ 0hs"nhsn c )c*2cc3sunch /h 4 s s"b )*c3ushsc+ 4s du)+ hccch. Hssgu*+& 0h c*sc cbn/c*sh3scs 4s s0s h3scs% hn scs)<nd cunb4 sn3clc h)lhudhbslc. C un 0bd )bls scbs dc h /sndc )c*2cc3sunslb* )*c.cn c7 cu* cnsh. Hl3ss% ds0)b *s/+% hu 0c*cu cc huls% 0+gulsndu"lc )c cclc dc 2h3+ )*sn
dss)*c3us*ch cclb* hbscn c: lc s.bu c4 c cu su)c*2scshlss% ch*c nu bbsc*/+ c* s)ul dc h"s )bncg*s h*c )c unss cu hl3ss. Unss u*0ch.+ )bls sch dc"h )*c3us 0hs 0ul 0cdsbc*s +3slc dc h.s dcc< cC *c0clc dc sc*s. H cn ul ch + s+ cunbhsc+ hccs c sub sls +3s hlc h)*b)sc*ss 4s s+ nu ss0 + nscs dcscu*hDh*c lh cChgc*h*ch unush% nscs <n2u0u*h*c lh lsngu4s*ch ccluslhl : 4s )*scch)+ c+ lh 2cl sc )bh* + 4s"n *"b )h* c% 4s"n hl h? schs0b+ scnsu*slc 4s sc dhu b dchunh du)+ lbcul undc sc g+scsc. &8'. U0ch0 dc prs hsh ccl!rlhls%6 c+cs dhc+ dc/snc db*sn3+% c ccl 0hs c2schcc 4u*ub. Kslb.b2ss7 hu s)us c+ )*s/h3sh nu c ns0sc% sh*
&857 ...!snclc6 C2. 1hpt., 79% 6B? >Bch sus cs 0hgss dh*c Fuh0 hccs)c*c" ;>Mhs 2c*scs cs c h dh dcc< h )*s0s"E. &856 Chu0clc supcrs!hrc6 <n scnsul dc >)*sncs)ss )*bduc s/c" shu >hc s/c"% )*sn clc hu b*ul <n3clcg<ndu"lc h < )S cclc b0cnc4 s% c< 4s )c cclc ds/snc. &88& Hss#ur6 Subscc ul hccs cs )*b)b.s3ss c chsh* c)sg*h2ul h2b*ss0ulus% T*hc* Auc hsh2ch*% cchs/hlhbsl hscs% <n hcchs + 2unc3sc ssn hc sc+% )*sn >2h) ul c+ hs cc l+udh". &887 pcrkccsunsl!r prc0cntc6 C /b*bh dc )c*2cc3sunslc cclb* ch*c s<n dc 2h3+% hlc cclb* )*c.cn3s. Ts) dc cC)*s0h*c 0c bns0sc+ 2bh* c 2*cc/cn lh G*hcs1n. &8' ...prs hsh ccl!rlhls6 C2. B*.% B% 67% &85% 799% 7B7% 78A. &8'7 1sl!0!kss6 Ccs ch*c hu h2s*0h c+ )*s/h3sh nu cbn ch.+ c< u4s dc )u3sn )cn *u 2c*scs*c% c+% ds0)b *s/+% 2c*scs*ch cbns + <n h nu h/ch 4s h nu db*s ns0sc% hu 2bs Sbc*h c ;@cnb2bn% Mc"!rh!slsh, S% #S% &9E 4s Scncch $Scrss!rs, @@#% (E. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 69'
bh0cnss )bls scs c+ c b ul? hcc4 sh hu cunbscu "b 0hs bsnc. Unss% ch s+"4s h sng+ 3clu*slc% <4s 2hc *ch) + dsn db*sn3h cclb*lhl3s. P*b2s + dc )*slcD 4s"s s <*ncsc )b2 h cu ds2scul h ch bb3snc*ss. <4s )un 0hs 0h*s s)c*hn3c <n s0bbldul )hssunss dcc< <n *+cchlh )bscssunss: 4s% )c 0+su*+ cc c*c4 c *c.ss cn3h% sc <n2l+c+*ch.+ 0hs 0ul db*sn3h. Mh*c sub sls h c )cn *u h sngc*ch scb)ulus% s+ <n *c3ss dc)cndcn3clc. &'9. Gsc4tc3s c!ns!lhrc *n t!htc%. P<n+ 4s"h snu slslb* c c+ s<n /c4nscs. Nu c ncch. 2+*+ 0<ng<sc*c? )*b4 ss 4s"b hu <n 2h) ul c+ s<n nb*bcb4s% 4s lh 2cl s"h s)us n!r!cul urstcs...: Un 0sDlbc dc"h *+s 0ul c s+ /hlb*c.s )u3sn: ulcsb*ul c*+)h n"h)uc+ s+ sc s)h*g+ nscsbdh +% )lsc sssnd cu d+snus*ch lus. Ph*c"sc c+ sbh* h <s )s.0u"sc4 c )c bh0cnss ccs 0hs <nsc0nh3s% dc /*c0c cc cghlch.+ du*h h cu snu sls h ch unb*h 4s s0)b* hn3h cu scu* s0ch /sc3ss cclb*lhl3s: /b* ls)ss b3s c<3s h* 2s 2bs *cbusncsb4s 4s /h d+snus /c4nsc csnc nu"s dc nscs un 2blbs% 2sc )cn *u c+ h4h )h*c% 2sc )cn *u c+ h4h cs c <n *"hdc/+*. Nc2c*scs ulus s sc )h*c c+ 4s sbh* h% 4s 0bh* ch s"hu <n3clcs h"& dh us +*ss. &'&. Nu tc "ulu"s cu c-ccss h curtcnsc%6 c+cs c un sbs dc h0+gs*c. Unss% )cn *u h /*+Ds% n"hu nc/bsc dc sc*bu*slc dsn Tcshlsh7% c+cs 4s cu b )l+cu + /<n u*h*c dc c+csul+ <s 2h*0cc+ )c )*b4 s% hdsc+ )c <n2u0u*h3s. Pun )*c3 )c bnbh*c 4s )l+ csc cu /<n ul unb* /b*bc bunc. Csnc 2+g+dusc4 c b ul nu 2+g+dusc4 c ns0sc% sh* 2+g+dusn3h c ch)chn+ )cn *u )*b4 s. Cu* cnsh hdc/+*h + c dh b*sc% cch ss0ulh +% h0+gs*c% 4s 0hs 4s cch cCccss/+? nu c cu/ssn3+% cs <ndh b*sn3+. Nu 2hc )lcc+csuns )c*sbhncs% cs h/c*ss 4s lsngu4s*ss: nu <n.cs *+*slb* )c ch*c lc *ccunbsc% cs )*b2s u*slb* lh ch*c n+d+Dduscsc.
&'9& ...c!ns!lhrc *n t!htc6 C2. Dssc, 76: CrsL, SS% A: SSS% A% &&. &'97 n!r!cul urstcs6 Hlu.sc lh )*b/c*bul >#cn u*h dc 2ch lh bbns h lh dcsch" ;>Nb*bcul u*< cs 4s"& db*c4 c 2*u0bhsh"E. &'&& ... cCccss/h curtcnsc6 C2. Br., &&8% &BA% &8(: Crst., &%&6. &'&7 scr!urslc dsn Tcshlsh6 Dcs)*c hccs c sc*bu*s shu 2sl *c dsn Tcshlsh /b*bc4 c Su/cnhl% Shtsrh DS, A&9=A&7% 2*hg0cn cb0cn h dc Dscgb Lb)c. <n Dcclhrhcs!n Mh#sstrhl s!!rc lhs Stsrhs dc 8u cnhl 9 Pcrss!, Mhd*sd% &A(7? >Tcshlsh% undc c*hu 0h*s /*+Ds b*s... )cn *u c+ cCss hu 0ul c sc*bu*s )b *s/s c <n hccs scb)"% /c.s RN"BM% ). 65(% nb h 6. C2. 4s H)ulcsus% M#hrul dc hur $Mcth"!rk!0c), <n *b01nc4 c dc S. Tcbdb*cscu% CSPLH% &'B8% SS% ). 6A? >M+ g<ndch0 c+ 0+ h2lu <n 0sDlbcul Thcshlscs% 3h*+ /cs s + <n b uns/c*sul )*sn 0c4 c4ugul /*+Ds b*csc..." 6&9 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS
&'7. B" hl pcss, !" cu sh lun#%. Ch s+ *+sc4 s% lhs+"s )c ccslhl3s s+ *+shsc+. Bh0cnss )h4nscs7 nu nu0hs *+scsc% cs db0ncsc. Ch + s"hu.s 4s s+ /c.s% dh* s+ hcs. Zsuh 2+*+ ls sgsu 2hcc nbh) ch cu sb0n bun. H *+s 0ul 4s"h *+s cu )l+cc*c <nsch0n+ h *+s c< dbs% 4s *bd hl )+css. H*c dc bh c csnc n"h*c hhbh* dc cc nu"& )*s/c4 c. Nu"s 0hs 0h*c ncsc*sb.s h c dcc< h luh b ul <n sc*sbs. P*bs sc sdcn sc+% h )unc lh sns0+ cc nu c h sngc ch 4s h nu"3s )+sh dc )*b)*su"3s )+s. &'6. Htcnsc lh csnc sntr pc plhcul hltush ch s shs pc3hl su%. Nu"s h)+*h*c 0hs bun+ cbn *h /sclcnscs ch b+gh*ch dc sch0+. P*scc)u ulus% un bun )*scc)+ b*. Unss <4s *c.bl/+ *cbu*slc )*b)*ss ch )c"hlc hl b*h% 4s 2+*+ cbn *hcs2*ul sn cn3sslb* c )b0cnc4 s cbns *<ns lh 2scch*c )hs s+ scb3s dsn 2bc 7 )*b2s ul hl ush cu )*c3ul /+ +0+*ss 0<snss hlc. &'(. 13s ! sdcc cu"sntc dcsprc tsnc 4s3hlc thlc%. s 0hs hlcs c<nd <ncc)s s+ *+sc4 s. Tb3s <4s 2hc dcs)*c ssnc b sdcc <nhl +% 4s cu h < 0hs 0ul ccs cc s<n 0hs )u3sn? <4s /ssch.+ 2scch*c sbh* h 4s sc <nchs)usc d*c) un 0s*hcbl. S)c*hn3h sc h/<n + ncs+bus % sh* h)bs cC)c*scn3h nu <0)lsnc4 c ns0sc: dc.h0+gs*ch *chls +3ss hdc/+*h c c ch.nh <nchs)us*ss lb* dc4h* c. <nd*c) c cu0sn3cnsh h h*c *+ +cs*s% 4s chsh* dhc+ )bh c db*s cc"s 0hs bsnc% s+ sc"h4 c) c 0c*cu lh cc"s 0hs *+u% ch s+ sh cu scnsn+ h c su2lc chsc+ b cc"h* 2s s+ /sn+ 7. C"b
&'7& B" hLpcss...6 C2. Crst., &&%&&. C2. )*b/c*bul >Hh!h0bs )h. ! /s/s0bs hsh." ;Cb**chs% >S"h/c0 )hcc 4s s+ *+s0 dcs ul"E. &'77 Bh"cnss ph4nscs6 C2. Mht, B%(? >Bch s 0s cs% Fubnsh0 s)ss )bsssdcbun c**h0" ;>Kc*scs3s ccs bl<n.s% c+ hccsh /b* 0b4 cns )+0<n ul"E. &'6 Htcnsc lh csnc sntr...6 C2. Dssc% #SSS: B*.. 7B.&((% &89.7&B: CrsL, SSS.(. P+s *+0 /c*bclc dsn b*sgsnhl% cntrhr 4s shlsr, 0cn3sbn<nd c+ s<n 2blbss c <n scnsul dc >h <ncc)c" 4s >h c*0snh".
&'67 s sc!s dsn k!c6 Rb0c*h Nh/h**b cbnssdc*+ lbcu3sunch >h scbh c chs hnclc dsn 2bc cu 0snh hl csh"% cu*cn + <n 0ul c ls0bs 0bdc*nc% d*c) b c*ch3sc 0hs *cccn +. Lbcu3sunch s)hnsbl+ /cchc c*h? >shch* dcl 2ucgb lh chs hnh cbn lh 0hnb dc lh gh h" ;>h scbh c dsn 2bc chs hnh cu lhbh )ssscss"E. &'( k3s ! sdcc cu"sntc...6 C2. Cr., SSS: Dssc, @#S. Cu hl c cu/sn c% 2+"3s dcs)*c snc 4s hlc hlc b sdcc cChc +% nu )*ch <nhl +. &'(7 T!t cc3hr G s sn6 >K*h.h c cbns *us +% )unc cu )unc % )c b )h*s0sc? LDcsch* Sb 0cDb*% *ccclh* Sb )cb*% ! b0h* Sb Fuc /snsc*cM ;Rbd*<guc. Mh*sn% >Db*c4 c cc"s 0hs bun% c0c" c dc cc"s 0hs *+u 4s sh cc"b 2s s+ /sc"E. S"h* )u ch bh*c ch luc*u*slc s+ sc 2s )c *ccu sn/c*s 4s ch .schlh s+ 2s )*b/cns dsn h2b*ss0ul g*hcshncscO Cu unul nu"s cunbsc b b*sgsnc 0hs /cchc." #c.s RN"BM% ). 689% nb h '. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL l HRTH PRUDCNCS 6&&
dsb+csc s+ 3sn c4 s cc/h 0hs sus ch s+ *cglc.s s*ul% dh* nu <n *"h < h% <nc< s+ 2sc *+ +cs*c. Lh sn *h*ch <n sluDbc c bblsgh b*sc hcchs + *c2b*0+ h sdcss dcs)*c snc% c+cs )*c.u03sh 2+*+ cC)c*scn3+ bbs4nusc4 c s"b sh *h.nh. Nu"s lchc 0hs uns/c*shl )cn *u bh c )*bs sslc dcc< c*csc*ul. Cunbhsc+"4s 2scch*c s2c*h hc s/s +3ss 4s h s +*ss shlc 4s" 4s /h )u ch hDus h sdcch du)+ *chls h c6. &'B. *n h s hprccsc0s%. Nu c ns0cns ch*c s+ nu )bh + 2s <n/+3+ b*ul hl ush <n cc/h hnu0c 4s ch*c s+ nu"& <n *chc+ )c ccl cc <n *ccc. H 4 s s+ c 2blbsc4 s dc 2scch*c c 4 ssn3+ u sl+. <n3clc) ul <s )*c3usc4 c )c b3s )cn *u c+ *ccunbh4 c )h* ch bun+ dsn 2scch*c 4s 4 sc cu cc )*c3 sc 2hc bsnc luc*u*slc: )*bs ul <s dss)*c3usc4 c )c b3s dsn sgnb*hn3+ h bsnclus 4s dsn )*c2c*sn3+ )cn *u cc"s 0hs *+u. &'A. Cun!h4tc3s stchuh%. Ns0cns h < dc b*b)ss % <nc<l s+ nu 4s"b hsb+% sh* dhc+ c nc2c*scs c dsn )*scsn+ c+ nu 4s"b cunbh4 c. Unss hu *ccc*c lh su/c*hns 4s lh ccs )u c*nscs 2+*+ h 4 s cu0 4s dc cc% dcc< c+ sbh* h <ns+4s lc"h <nlcsns 2h/bh*ch: <s *+0<nc s *+dusn3cs nu0hs s"b hDu c. Hl3ss hu )h* c dc hh*ul <n3clc)3slb* 7? /*cunul h 2bs 0hs )l+cu <n *"b 3h*+ dcc< <n hl h 4s 0hs bsnc /+.u <n b*h4ul hccs h dcc< <n hcclh. Lh 2cl. hs )h* c dc 0hs 0ul nb*bc <n *"b sluDb+ 4s s h*c dcc< <n cclclhl c% 4s bh c hccs ch lh 0c*s c cghlc 4s chsh* sdcn scc. Sbh* h 2hcc c+*3slc cu0 4s c<nd /*ch: cunbhsc+"4s"b 2scch*c )c"h lus% )*ccu0 4s ch)ul% c+cs <3s c"n Dbc s+ c c<4 sgs shu s+ c )sc*.s. <n/h3+ s"b u*0c.s 4s s"b hDu3s% nu 3s"b schs0bh6% c+cs h* <nsc0nh s+ *h c.s nb*dul s)*c ch*c c chch0+ cc*ul cu ch*ul(.
&'(6...sdcch dup rchlsthtc6 C2. Scncch% Dc trhnAusllsthtc hns"s. #S% 7? >Hn c b0nsh ncccssc cs scs)su0 hcs s0h*c" ;><nhsn c dc bh c c ncccsh* s+ c c/hluc.s )c snc <nsu3s"E. #c.s% )cn *u hcclh4s cC )h*hlcl% RN"BM% ). 68&. nb h &&. &'B& *n h s hprccsc0s6 C2. Br., &'5% 7BA. &'A& Cun!hstc3s stchuh6 C2. Br., 7% &8% 6(% &6': CrsL, SS% A. &'A7 hhrul *nclcpsl!r6 Dh*ul shu hh*ul <n3clc)3slb* c% bh*ccu0 s*bnsc% hcclh dc h nu 2s 0hs nscsbdh + )*c3us3s 4s nb*bcb4s. &'A6 ...nu s3! schs"!h6 C2. #s*gslsu% Cncsdh, #% 7&"76? >Nscs <0)b *s/+ s+ s +0 /sDclscs% 4s nscs s+ 0hs 0c*gc0 N"h/c0 )u c*c. Dh* dhc+ nc chch0+ nb*bcul% u*0h3s"&. Undc nc chch0+"n *"hcblb s+"n bh*cc0" ; *hd. dc G. Cb4bucE. &'A( ccrul cu chrul6 <n b*sgsnhl? >Fuc sc*sh c**h* cl nb* c h Fuc lc llh0h lh /ccsnh /bcsnh"% 2b*0ulh*c cchs/bc+ 4s hls c*hn +% 2+c<nd hlu.sc lh U*sh Mh*c% nu0s + <n s). 4s lh B!tsnh ;>cb*nul"% sns *u0cn dc su2lh E% >)cn *u c+ s clclc dsn ch*c c hlc+ us + )h* h 2b*0h un cb*n" ;Cb/hs*ubshsE. Dccsnh, )*ccs.ch.+ Rb0c*h Nh/h**b% )cn *u c+% dc4s s chuh )blh*+ 2hcc )h* c dsn hccch4s cbns clh3sc% c cch 0hs s.blh + dc chd*slh c* 4s dccs cs c h)h* c% dc4s >/ccsn+". Cchs/hl+0 <n *"un s)s*s hsc0+n+ b*. 6&7 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS
&'5. Nu tc *ncurch nscsc*nd cu pr!4tss%. Ch cs c csnc nu"s cunbh4 c% 4s 0hs /<* bs csnc% cunbscu3s% nu"s h*unc+. S<n )*s0cD"dsb4s )cn *u *clh3sslc su)c*2scshlc 4s )c*nscsb4s )cn *u cbn2sdcn3+. s chsh* dhc+ un s0) <s <n2*<nch.+ s2shlh lb* 4s g*sDh cclb*lhl3s% )<n+ lh u*0+ b 2hc )*bs sh shu b s)un% 4s dhc+ hu <n <*.sh h 2bs dbh* ch s"b 2hc+ 0hs sblc0n+. G*cu )bh c hDu h c*cds ul hl b*h csnc nu"& h*c )c"hl s+u. S<n 2bh* c nc2c*scs3s% su)*h)b/h*+ h )*bs scs% 2ssnd 0bls)ss bh*c 4s unh% 4s hl h7. Un ssngu* luc*u <l hu 0hs )u3sn *+u% 4s hnu0c c+% dc4s cu0sn3ss nu lc s<n lb* dc nscs un 2blbs% cs% ds0)b *s/+% dc 0h*c 2blbs <n3clc)3slb* 6% 2sc ch <n/+3+ u*+% 2sc ch <n/+3h*c dc 0sn c. &'8. *n h s tc trhnsplhntc0s%. S<n bh0cns ch*c% )cn *u h sc )unc <n /hlbh*c% *cbusc s+ sc *+s+dchsc+% 4s 0hs 0ul <nc+"n )bs u*s 0h*s. Ph *sslc s<n 0h4 c*c hlc c0sncn3clb*7? db0nc4 c <n clc sn/sdsh ch <n *"un sbl )*b)scc% 4s 0hs 0ul sc 3sn 0sn c s0)c*2cc3sunslc cu ch*c hs <ncc)u dcc< 0+*c3sh lh ch*c hs hDuns. Un bbld h s.bu s s+ c<4 sgc )*c3us*c *cc<nd dsn *"b lu0c"n hl h% sh* un csbb dc s scl+% )cn *u c+ s"h s *+0u h % h cu2undh <n b)*bb*su dsh0hn ul. Tb cc"s s *+sn c )*c3us % 2sc )cn *u c+ h /cns dc dc)h* c% 2sc )cn *u c+ sc bb3snc dcs+/<*4s 4s"n h)bgcu. H0 /+.u sn4s ch*c nu dc0ul c*hu bch*h cbl3ulus lb*% 4s h.s s<n 0<nd*sh uns/c*sulus% 2ssnd )*c3us3s 4s dc cb0)h *sb3s% 4s dc s *+sns? dc unss% )cn *u c+"s )*s/csc dc dc)h* c% dc ccslhl3s% )cn *u ch dc)h* c 6. Nscsbdh + nu b s+ /cnc*c.c dc)lsn s h ush dc )c hl h* csnc h /+.u "b bu u*ug+ <n ls/hd+. &''. *n h s3s khcs l!c *n chsp cu"sntc%6 nu <n2sg<ndu" c. Hdc/+*h ul d*u0 c+ *c )*c3us*c c ccl hl 0c*s clb*% sh* dhc+ s *+dusn3h sc" n c0csh.+ )c /hlbh*c% c scu* + u*+ s)*c 3cl. Sn cg*s h ch
&'5& Nu c *ncurcs... cu pr!4tss6 C2. Dssc, @@SSS? B.% 6&. &'57 "!lspsst!hrc...6 Cu hl c cu/sn c. <n b/+*+4sh )*b4 slb*% )*bs sh 4s nc2c*scs*ch sc )l+ csc cu su2c*sn3+. &'56 dc "hrc k!l!s Inclcpsl!r6 Cbn2b*0 )*b/c*bulus >Dbndc cl nccsb sc )c*dsb% cl cuc*db h/ssb b0A" ;Cb**chs% >Undc )*bs ul s"h *+ +cs % cu0sn clc s"h l+0u*s "E. &'8 *n h s tc trhnsplhntc0s6 C2. Dssc, @#SSS: Br., 7% B% &&7: B2 % SS% 6. &'87 "h4tcrc hlc c"sncncl!r6 C2. Luc, (% 7(? >Hdc/+*h .sc /bu+ c+ nscs un )*b*bc nu cs c bsnc )*s0s <n )h *sh sh". &'86 pcntru c dcphrtc6 <n b*sgsnhl% >)b*Fuc lcDbs": Rb0c*h Nh/h**b cs c4 c >)b*Fuc H/scncnP dc lcDbs"% >)cn *u c+ /sn dc dc)h* c"% sbcb snd c+ c /b*bh dc b g*c4chl+ dc s)h* ;RN"BM% ). 688% nb h &&E. &''& ...s3s khcs l!c...6 C2. Dssc, @S% @@S. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 6&6
ssngu*+ nu c dc"hDuns: sblscs h*ch ssngu*+ c ncdc0n+% dcbh*ccc luc*u*slc sc <nglbdch.+ <n *"h < h% <nc< s<n dssc*cds hl *c)u h3scs. Cbns + <n 0cdsh dsn *c 0c*s 4s 4 ssn3h dc h c sn *bducc 7. 799. Sh hs cc d!rs%? ch s+ nu 2ss <n chs) 2c*scs ncnb*bcs . Rcs)s*+ *u)ul 4s hs)s*+ su2lc ul. Dhc+ b ul h* 2s )bscdh % b ul h* 2s dc.h0+gs*c 4s nc0ul3u0s*c: chsh* 4s <n )*s/sn3h sn clcc ulus% *cbusc s+ *+0<n+ 0c*cu cc/h dc 4 su % dsn ch*c cu*sb.s h ch s+ sc h*+nchsc+. N+dcDdch <nsu2lc3c4 c? <0busb+*slc dc 2c*scs*c s<n ucsg+ bh*c. <n *+s)lh +% c b dsb+csc s+ nu sh ss2hcs nscsbdh +: c<nd nu 0hs c ns0sc dc db*s % b ul c dc c0u ? 2c*scs*c nc2c*scs +. Undc s2<*4c4 c db*sn3h <ncc)c 2*sch. 79&. S*nt t!ns t!s ccs cc phr 4s 7u"thtc dsn ccs cc nu phr%. P*bs sh h )us 0<nh )c lu0c% 4s dhc+ 0hs c )u3sn+ <n3clc)csunc% ch c ncbunsc <n 2h3h cclcs cc*c4 s7: dh* ccl 0hs 0h*c )*bs c ccl cc nu c*cdc c+ cs c 4s"s dcclh*+ )c b3s ccslhl3s. S)*c"h 2s <n3clc) nu c su2scscn s+ )h*s% nccu0 s+"3s )h*s? 4 sc csnc c*cdc c+ nu 4 sc: 4s nu /cdc csnc nu /cdc c+ ccslhl3s /+d. Dc4s bh + lu0ch c )lsn+ dc )*b4 s% nu c unul ch*c s"b c*chd+ 4s nscs s"b b+nushsc+ dcs)*c ssnc. 797. Spusclc 4s khptclc khc un !r!ht dcs *r4st%. T*cbusc s+ s)us cc c 0hs bun 4s s+ 2+) usc4 s cc"s 0hs csns s ? unh c )c*2cc3sunch ch)ulus% cchlhl + h sns0ss% 4s h0<ndbu+ nhsc dsn su)c*sb*s h ch cugc ulus. #b*bh cs c u0b*h 2h) ulus? hccch cs c 2c0csh% hccs h b+*bh ul7. Mhs s0)b* hn c s+ 2ss l+udh dcc< l+ud+ b*: u4b* c s)usul 4s g*cu 2+cu ul. Ss)*+/slc s<n 0sc.ul /sc3ss% sh* scn sn3clc b*nh0cn ul: c0sncn3h <n 2h) c d+snusc4 c% <n s)usc *ccc. Hc3sunslc s<n *bdul *c2lcc3sslb*? s)usclc <n3clc) c% 2h) clc hc s/c.
&''7 C!nst...6 Subscc ul hccs cs ul s0c )*b)b.s3ss cs c >hdc/+*h ul d*u0". 799 S hs cc d!rs6 C2.% Br., 8B% &8'% 7'': Crst., SSS% '. 79&& S*nt t!ns...6 C2. Br., &5A: Hsc, @@#SSS: Crst., &&%(. 79&7 *n khh cclcs ccrc4ts6 Su*sh hccs cs h2s*0h3ss cs c & C!r., 6%&'? >Sh)scn sh cns0 husus 0unds% s ul s sh cs h)ud Dcu0"% )h*h2*h.h + dc Hugus sn? >Scscn sh nbs *h% scscn shc uhc cb0)h*h h% sgnb*hn sh cs " $C!nkcss.. @S% S#% AE. 797& !r!ht dcs *r4st6 Ck. I*.%@SS: Br., &77. &6&. &AA. Nu )u c0 *hducc *cs")cc <nd hl c*nhn3h gcnu*slb* g*h0h schlc dsn cC ul s)hnsbl% dcbh*ccc <n *b01nc4 c h < khpt c< 4s hct, dc cC.% s<n ncu *c. Kb*0ulh*ch dc 0hs Dbs% >sbn hFucllhs Hlhs )hlhb*hsP lhs hc0b*hs% ! cs bs Hlbs hcchbsP lbs /h*bncs" c cchs/hlhbsl+ dbh* Sh ssngulh*? >#b*bh cs c 2c0csh% 4s 2h) ul ;shu hc ulE cs c b+*bh ul." 7977 D!r!h cstc u"!rh khptulus6 #c.s nb h hn c*sbh*+. MhCs0h <s h)h*3snc lus Dc0bc*s ? >#b*bh"s u0b*h 2h) cs"% Dsbgcncs Lhc* sbs% !p. cst., S@% 65% cd. cs .% ).(6B. <n *chgh 2b*0ulh*c /h 2s *cluh + <n Crst., &%&6% Uns/c*s% &'85% ).7(&. 6&( BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNTCS BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 6&B
796. Cun!h4tc c"sncnclc chculus tu%. Nu"s 0ul c? un 2cnsC <n *"b lu0c <n *chg+% un Mh*c C+)s hn% un b*h b* dcs+/<*4s % un <n3clc) <n *"un sccbl% un *cgc c0sncn <n 0ul c. Mcdsbc*s +3slc s<n cb0unc <n nu0+* 4s h)*ccsc*c% c0sncn3clc *h*c <n bh c% c+cs )*c snd cul0snh*c h dcs+/<*4s*ss 4s% cu c< 0hs subls0+ ch cgb*sh% cu h < 0hs ds2scsl )sscul. Mul3s lc"hu u.u*)h *cnu0clc dc Mh*s lus Cc.h* 4s HlcChnd*u% dh* <n gbl% c+cs 2+*+ 2h) c% /b*bh nu"s dcc< un )sc dc hc*% hu 2bs )u3sns Scncch 4s 2hs0h )c un ssngu* H)cllcs &"h )*+.nus . 79(. Lucrul u4!r trc!usc *ntrcprsns ch 4s cu" hr ks #rcu, shr ccl #rcu ch 4s cu" hr ks u4!r %6 hcblb )cn *u ch <nc*cdc*ch s+ nu"4s )sh*d+ /sgslcn3h% hscs )cn *u ch nc<nc*cdc*ch s+ nu sc dcscu*hDc.c. Nu"s nc/bsc dc hl cc/h ch s+ nu 2hcs un luc*u dcc< s+"& cbnssdc*s gh h 2+cu % 4s% ds0)b *s/+% s *+dusn3h <nl+ u*+ nc)u sn3h. Mh*slc <ncc*c+*s nscs nu *cbusc 0cds h c7% hDungc s+ 3s sc )*c.sn c% )cn *u ch nu cu0/h ds2scul h ch% <n *c/+.u +% s+ dch )*slcD 4b/+sclss. 79B. *n h s "hnc rc0s dssprcul%. S *h hgc0+ )cn *u h dbb<nds luc*u*slc c s+ lc dss)*c3usc4 s. Dc bbsccs nu lc g+sc4 s c<nd lc chu3s hnu0c% 4s h)bs% )c ncg<nds c% <3s /sn ssngu*c lh"ndc0<n+7. Cu0 bh c cclc dc"hscs s<n u0b*h cclb* c c*nc% <0)+* +4csc 4s <nsu4s*ch u0b*cs? 2ug dc ccs cc gbncsc du)+ clc 4s"s )*sgbncsc )c ccs cc 2ug dc clc. Dss)*c3ul c 4s cch 0hs )bls sc+ *+.bunh*c. MhCs0+ 2+*+ )c*cchc h <n3clc)3slb*% s+ nu c h)c*s nscsbdh + cu )hnh. c+cs lhs+ u*0c 4s hducc 0hs dcg*hb+ glb*sc *s/hls +3ss dcc< )cdch)s+ <nd*+.nclss. #sclc4ug dc nc/*cdnscs% s+ sc b)un+ unb* 0h*s bh0cns% ch s+ 2sc cclcb*h3s 4s cs snds*cc % c<nd dc d*c) n"b 0c*s hu? c+cs )c 0ul3s nu s"h0 cunbh4 c dhc+ *s/hlss cCcclcn3s n"h* 2s +cu ch. dc cs. Nu c *+.bunh*c ch us h*ch% c+cs <s <ng*b)s <n cblbul ns0scnscscs lb*. <4s <nchs)usc% c0c*h*s% c+ sc c c*ns.ch.+ d<nd 2bc 0snunslb* lu0ss 4s"hlc /chcu*slb*6. H* + dc"h )h*h clc/c s*ch% s+ nu 2hcs ch. dc
796 Cun!h4tc c"sncnclc...6 C2. Dssc, #% @#SS: Br., &AA: CrsL, SS% 7. 79( Lucrul u4!r...6Ck. Dssc, @#: Hsc% @@@: Br., B6% BB% B5% &68. 79(? ..."cdsthtc6 Rc2lcc3sc h *sbus + lus Sulsus Chcsh*% <n Hsc, @@@. 79B ...dssprcul6 C2. Br., &A7: CrsL. S. 7% 6? SS% &&? SSS. 5. 79B7 lh3ndc"*nB C2. )*b/c*bul? ..Cuhndb Sb buscb. nunch Sb /cb: cuhndb nb Sb buscb% hc clb hFu< lucgb" ;>C<nd chu cc/h% nu"& /+d nscsbdh +: c<nd nu"& chu % us c"& hscs <ndh +"E. 79B6 d*nd k!c "snunsl!r...6 Ch C*bs *h % bbscu* cc +3chn hl C2csulus% ch*c% /*<nd s+"4s hssgu*c b 2hs0+ nc0u*s bh*c% h snccndsh c0)lul Dshncs dsn C2cs% unh dsn cclc 4h) c 0snuns hlc lu0ss hn scc% chsh* <n nbh) ch c<nd s"h n+scu HlcChnd*u ccl Mh*c.
ch? <n2*un <nd"b <3s hducs )*cDudscsu% 4s% dhc+"s dhs c*cds % dssc*cds . Sn/sdscs% sh ss2hc3sc% c+cs 4s hcch u0b*+ dc s sg0h )+ ch.+% chsh* dhc+ nu"n uncc+ dc b % cch 0hs 0h*c dcs+/<*4s*c. 79A. S 4tss c ul# c pcstc t!t%6 chsh* <n Cb*sn 7% <n 2h0slsh cch 0hs sclcc +. Kscch*c <l <ncch*c+ 4s"n )*b)*sh"s chs+. Dh* c /ulg 4s h*hs/ulg6% 0hs *+u. Ccl s)ccshl h*c hcclch4s <nsu4s*s cu ccl dc *<nd% )*ccu0 csbbu*slc bglsn.ss s)h* c% 4s chsh* 0hs )+gubs b*? /b*bc4 c )*bs c4 c 4s ccn.u*ch.+ s0)c* sncn % 0h*c dsscs)bl hl sgnb*hn3cs% nh4 hl )*bs scs 4s hlsh hl scb*nclss. Nu luh sch0h lh cc .scc 4s cu h < 0hs )u3sn lh cc g<ndc4 c. C bsnc s+"& cunb4 s ch s+ c scu u*s dc cl% h < ch )h* cnc*% c< 4s ch bbscc % c+cs b*scc )*bs sc cs c /ulgh*s h c% sh* /ulgul sc cb0)unc dsn )*b4 s. 795. 1!l!sc4tc rcsncrch%. T*cbusc s+ 2ss 4s 0hs )*c/+.+ b* cu nc)*c/+.u ul. Pb*ns*slc )hssunslb* s<n
lunccu4u*s hlc cu0sn3cnscs% 4s"hcblb c *sscul dc"h c )sc*dc. <nhsn c.s 0hs 0ul <n *"b cls)+ dc 0<nsc shu dc bucu*sc dcc< <n 0ul c cchsu*s dc nc)+sh*c: )+4c4 s uncb*s <n *"un 0snu c< s)+4c4 s h)bs bh + /sh3h. Sn cn3sh /sclchn+ h cclb*lhl3s <s sclusc4 c )*udcn3cs hsc0cnch ss)s s*s ch s+ dch dc usch shu dc cugc : sc 2blbsc4 c dc hsc0cnch 4u*ubu*s hlc scc*c clb*% <nc< s.bu csc h slcs 4s cch 0hs 0h*c ch)hcs h c. Ksc cbn *h"/sclc4ug *c3snc*ch% 0hs hlcs <n s.bucns*s. C nc/bsc dc 0ul + *c2lcc3sc )cn *u ch )h s0h s+ nu sc h0bhlc.c 4s c 0h*c cu0sn c csnc *+0<nc cu 0sn c 4s c+lh*c7. Csnc"4s d+ sch0h dc *ssc u0bl+ cu hc . Pc c< dc u4bh*+ s sc )h*c /b*bh cclus cc"b h*unc+% )c"h < dc g*ch cclus cc"b )*s0c4 c 4s"b c<n +*c4 c. 798. Nu "urs dc !!hlh pr!stulus%. <n3clc)3ss 0b* dc bbsccs ls)ss3s dc cu0sn3cnsc: )*b4 ss% ds0)b *s/+% s+ us dc s2h . H 0u*s ch
79A& /u2c c pcstc b ? C2. Br., 78: Crst., S% 8: SS. (. 79A7 C!rsnt6 Pcn *u G*hcs1n% C!rsnt c ssnbns0 cu ccn *u dc cul u*+ )*sn cCcclcn3+% >cul ul Cb*sn "% /c.s RN"BM% ). (97% nb h 6. 79A6 h*K/ug. Sn b*sgsnhl% >*c/ulgb"% cu/<n c*ch dc G*hcs1n ;ch 4s rcc!nsc7!, rc"!0! c c. Hscs% bbsc*/+ Bh llb*s 4s Pc*hl h% s"h* )u ch s+ 2s h/u <n /cdc*c 4s C!plhsdc Msn#! Rc l#!, *ccds h c lh Mhd*sd. &A67 ;BP"BG. BC&% ).(&'E. 795 1!l!sc4tc rcsncrch6 C2. Dssc, SS: Br., 65% B7% &BB% &5'. 7957 clhrc6 #c.s 0hs sus nb h &BB7. 798 J#u "urs dc !!hlh pr!stulus6 C2. B*.% &'7. S). "!rsr <nsch0n+ hscs >h su2c*s". S"h *c0h*ch c+ sn c*)*c h*ch h2b*ss0ulus c ds2scsl+ ;BP"BG. BC% ). (79: RN"BM% ). (9A% nb h 6E dh b*s + s0)*ccs.scs sc0hn scc h c*0cnslb* 2undh0cn hls? ncd! 4s sh!s!. Dc )sld+% hscs% >bbhlh )*bs ulus" ;>hchhFuc dc nccsb"E sc *c2c*+ lh 6&A BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNTCS
un )*bs <nsch0n+ h 0u*s dc )*ch 0ul + cugc h*c. Unss 0b* )cn *u c+ ss0 4s hl3ss *+scsc )cn *u c+ nu ss0 . s h4h% unss s<n )*b4 s )cn *u c+ nu 0b* dc ss03s*c% sh* hl3ss s<n )cn *u c+ 0b* dc ch. P*bs c csnc 0bh*c dsn cCccs dc )*scc)c*c. H4h <nc< unss 0b* 2ssndc+ s<n )*scc)+ b*s% 4s hl3ss *+scsc 2ssndc+ s<n nc)*scc)u3s. Dh* cu bh c c+ 0ul3s 0b* dc )*b4 s% )u3sns )*b4 s 0b*. 79'. Cls!crch03tc dc pr!stsslc c!"unc%. C cu0sn3cnsc cu b ul *h*+. Hu 0h*c hu b*s h c )*sn *+s)<nds*c% sh* unss ch*c n"hu ccdh sgnb*hn3cs7 )h* sculh*c n"hu s.bu s s+ sch)c dc cch bb4 chsc+. #ulgh*s h c c c+ ns0cns nu c 0ul3u0s dc sbh* h sh6% 2sc ch cch 0hs bun+% nscs nc0ul3u0s dc 0sn ch sh% 2sc ch cch 0hs *ch. Nc0ul3u0s3s dc"hl lb*% b3s )s.0uscsc nb*bcul cclb*lhl3s. Tb h4h% ccs dc h.s lhud+ luc*u*slc dc sc*s% sh* ccs dc"hscs )c cclc dc cblb? b cc"s dsn *ccu )h*c 0hs bun 4s b cc"s dc dc)h* c c 0hs )*c3us . Lh 2cl dc )*bs c csnc *<dc dc bh c ch 4s csnc sc sc<*bc4 c dc bh c. 7&9. *n h s u0c0s dc hdc r%. Hccs h c )*s0cDdsbs% dh* b0ul dc bsnc nu )bh c s+ nu"& s)un+? hscs c nc/bsc dc h* +. Dbc b*ss dsbhcs hs cugc ulus hu sn/cn h 0bdul dc h"& <ndulcs% dcbh*ccc% c<nd sc h)*b)sc dc dc.h0+gs*c% c chsn cscn3h h0+*+csunss. Mbdul bun sc 2blbsc4 c hscs dc sscussn3h sh? cu hcclh4s hdc/+* <l 0+gulc4 c )c unul 4s"& bhc+ )c hl ul. Cclb* )*c.cn3s *cbusc s+ lc /b*bc4 s )*sn ccs *ccu3s 7. Cu un bun )*scc)+ b* c dc"hDuns /b*bh )c Du0+ h c% 4s dhc+ ns0sc n"hDungc% c ch.ul s+ h0u3c4 s. Su/c*hnss nu *cbusc lccus3s cu lchcu*s h0h*c: )cn *u hs h c h* h )blcs*ss dc.h0+gs*slb*.
bbhlh hcclb*h ch*c% g<ndsnd )*ch 0ul % su2c*+ )*bs c4 c% hl 0sn c*s s2h ul h* 2s hbsblu snu sl dhc+ h* 2s 2bs hd*csh unus )*bs chls2schs 4s% dccs% sncu*hbsl. <n3clc)3ss su2c*+ dc bbsccs dc ls)s+ dc <n3clc)csunc )*hc sc+ shu 0undhn+ $c!rdurh, *b0. cu"sncnsc), )c c<nd )*b4 ss ;hscs <n scns s *sc E su2c*+ dc )c u*0h <ndb)+*ss cu s2h u*s snu slc% c2. Crsl, &&%B% cbnssdc*h3sslc dcs)*c >)*bs sh sncu*hbsl+". Ccs ch*c >0b* )cn *u c+ ss0 " s<n <n3clc)3ss% ccs ch*c > *+scsc )cn *u c+ nu ss0 " s<n )*b4 ss. 79'& ...pr!stsslc c!"unc6 C2. Dssc., @#SS: Br., (6% &'8% 798: CrsL, &&%'. 79'7 s#n!rhncs6 Lh G*hcs1n% s#n!rhncsh 4s ncccdhd s<n ssnbns0c. 79'6 dc s!hrth sh6 C2. Hb*h3su% Shtsrc, S% S% &=6? >Dc cc% Mcccnh% b0ul nscsc<nd nu"s 0ul3u0s Cu sbh* h cc"s 2u dh + shu ssngu* 4s"h c*bs O Dc cc <l )s.0usc4 c )c hl ul 2scch*c% s"h cclb*lhl3s u*ss + 0hs 2c*scs +"3s )h*cO" ;T*hd. dc Hl. Hbdb4 4s Th. M+sncscuE. 7&9& ...hdc/+*? C2. Dssc% #SSS% @@SS: Br., &7% &(% &7&: Crst., &&&%6. &SB7 prsn ccs trccus6 Hdsc+ nu ds*cc % s)un<ndu"lc <n 2h3+ hdc/+*ul shu cb*cc <ndu"s% cs snds*cc % cs <ndu"lc ch.u*s hsc0+n+ bh*c )c *ccu c hl c<nd/h. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 6&5
7&&. *n ccr, t!tul c "ulu"src, *n snkcrn, t!tul c *ntrssthrc%6 <n lu0c% ch lh 0sDlbc% 4s unh% 4s hl h: s +0 <n *c dbu+ cC *c0c 4s"hs 2cl nc"0)+* +4s0 dsn h0bclc. Sb*3slc hl c*nch.+? nu *cbusc s+ 2sc b ul nb*bc% nscs b ul hd/c*ss h c. Lu0ch hcchs h c un .c*b? ssngu*+% nu /hlb*ch.+ ns0sc: hl+ u*<nd"b cc*ulus% 0ul . Snds2c*cn3h 2h3+ dc ncs h b*nscsh cs cs c cu0sn3cnsc% 4s lh <n3clc)3s n"h*c cu*s nbu h ch. #sh3h ns sc <nl+n3usc ch <n *"b )scs+ dc ch *u: lh s2<*4s % sc dcscu*c+? h cn3sc% dh*% s+ s2<*4c4 s bsnc. 7&7. Rc0cr 3s t!tdchunh ults"clc sccrctc hlc hrtcs %. Ch 0h*ss 0hgss *s% cc *ccu*g lh sub sls h ch hcchs h chsh* c<nd b )*cdhu cclb*lhl3s: *cbusc s+ *+0<s )u*u*s su)c*sb* 4s )u*u*s 0hgss *u. Ch + s+ )u*cc.s cu h* + <n <0)+* +4s*ch h* cs: nscsbdh + s+ nu sccc s./b*ul <n/+3+ u*ss% du)+ cu0 nscs ccl hl d+*us*ss. H4h sc )+s *ch.+ *c)u h3sh 4s dc)cndcn3h. C<nd c s+ 2hcs )l+cc*c 4s s+"s <n/c3s )c hl3ss% *cbusc s+ *cs)cc3s hcch 0h*c lcc3sc dc h h*+ns nccu*0h hd0s*h3sh 4s dc h <nhsn h <n dcs+/<*4s*c. Rc.c*/c <n bh c ss uh3sslc% sh + b 0h*c *cgul+ )cn *u h *+s% )cn *u h <n/sngc% 4s 0hs hlcs <n sluDbclc cclc 0hs subls0c. 7&6. *n h s c!ntrh0scs%. C b 0h*c s *h hgc0+ h )*b/bc+*ss% nu )cn *u h c )*sndc% cs )cn *u h )*sndc. Cs c 4u*ub unsc% ccl cc 2hcc s+ sh*+ h2cc clc: ncg*hbh dc h c*cdc c un /b0s s/ hl scc*c clb*% chcsc h cclus 0hs .+/b*< )sc) . Khcs cu 0h*c sub sls h c dublh <ncc*ch*c h ss03s*ss 4s"h Dudcc+3ss. Un dss)*c3 hbsl 2h3+ dc /b*bh 0ss c*sbhs+ h ccluslhl /<nch.+ cclc 0hs )*b2undc hsnc 4s lc 0+*un3c4 c"n 0scs <0buc+ u*s% )<n+ cc lc"hducc )c ls0b+ 4s lc"0)sngc <n n+/bhdclc h0+gs*ss 0c4 c4ugs c. Rc.c*/h h cn ulus b 2hcc )c"h ccluslhl s+ sc
)*ccs)s c% 4s dcscb)c*+ hs 2cl ss03s*ch ccluslhl % c+cs hl 0sn c*s sns0h s"h* 2s *+0hs snsc*u hbsl+. B <ndbshl+ ss0ul hn+ c ccl 0hs bun 4)c*hclu hl cu*sb.s +3ss dc h 4 s b cc /*cs. s chsh* )cn *u h <n/+3h% b s *h hgc0+ h dsscs)blulus cs c s+"4s cbn *h.sc+ *sshgss *ul% ch*c sc hnghDch.+ cu 4s 0hs 0ul + *</n+ <n cC)lsch*ch 4s dc0bns *h*ch hdc/+*ulus: h4h <nc< cb0bh c*ch 0+su*h + )*slcDusc4 c lcc3sh <nchcgh +.
7&& "ulu"src... *ntrssthrc6 C2. Dssc., #SS: Br., 8% 77&: Crst.. SSS.': Scncch% Scrss!rs, Scrss!rs, L@@#SS? >Ch 4s b )scs+ dc ch *u% h4h 4s /sh3h% nu sn c*csch.+ c< dc 0ul h 3snu % cs c< dc 2*u0bs s"h dcs2+4u*h . N"h*c s0)b* hn3+ <n cc 0b0cn b s2<*4c4 s. <nchcs"b c<nd /*cs% nu0hs 2+"s b <nchcsc*c 2*u0bhs+" ;cd. cs .% ). 77'E. C2. 4s Sgnhcsb dc Lb!blh% C-crcstsh, n*. 76. 7&7 ults"clc sccrctc hlc hrtcs6 C2. Br., 8&% 87"% 'B% &59. 7&6" *n h s c!ntrh0scs6 C2. Br., 65% &5'% 75'.
318 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNTCS BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 319
7&(. Nu khcc dsntr3! pr!stsc, d!u%. C 2bh* c bbs4nus ch% /*<nd s+ d*cgs unh% s+ cb0s3s hl clc )h *u. Jus s2sch*ch uncs s0)c* sncn3c cu hl h 0hs 0h*c c dsn chs + dc 0sncsun+% b*s hcchs h c dc )*bs sc% c+cs sus3snc*ch uncsh h*c nc/bsc dc 0ul c. Tb dchunh 0hs *ch dcc< b chu.+ *ch h 2bs h)+*h*ch cs: 0hs *ch dcc< <nsu4s *+ul% nc4 ssn3h dc h"& dsss0ulh. T*sbu ul s0)c*2cc3sunslb* c s+ )un+ lh cbn *sbu3sc 0ul c hl clc. <n *"b g*c4chl+ )bh c c+dch 4s ccl 0hs 0h*c <n3clc) % dh* <n dbu+ nu% 4s <n *chc+ % nu dc2sns s/. 7&B. Htcnsc lh ccl cc snc cu sntcnsc sccund%. C un /sclc4ug hl b0ulus ncgus b*bs dc h dss *hgc /bsn3h ch s"b h hcc% c+cs% b dh + cbn/sns+% c <n/sns+. <4s hscundc g<ndul ch s+ 4s"& h sng+ 4s hccc) + un lbc sccund% )cn *u ch <n hc3sunc s+ 2sc )*s0ul? <4s hssgu*+ s*ul )c bh.h su*)*s.cs. H cn3sh s+ nu dbh*0+ <ns+ c<nd sn cn3sh c h < dc *ch.+% sh* dhc+ hcchs h sc 2hcc sccund+ <n scb)ul dsss0ul+*ss% hccch s+ 2sc )*s0h <n scb)ul cunbh4 c*ss. P*cchu3sh s+ dsbushsc+ 4s*c lscul cu ch*c /snc 4s s+"s <nsc0nc <*cbhlclc cu ch*c u0bl+ s"hDung+ lh bhlclc 7 )*c cn3scs shlc: )*b)unc unh 4s )*c sndc hl h% /s*<nd /sclchn ch s+"4s h sng+ 3sn h sn cn3scs. S+ 4 ss. h4hdh*% cc"s hcb*.s% 4s uncb*s /h 2s bsnc s+"s dhs dc <n3clcs c"hs <n3clcs. 7&A. S hs u4ursnh !r!srss%. P*csu)unc nu dbh* ncs <nDcns*c% cs 4s 2h*0cc <n cbncc) . Unss cbncc) bsnc 4s nhsc )*bs % c+cs% 2+*+ clh*s h c% cb)sss su2lc ulus% cbncc) clc 4s hb +*<*slc. nu scs lh lu0sn+. Unss hu )*b)*sc h ch hcclb* ulcsbh*c cc shu 0ul 4s dhu )u3sn: hl3ss% ds0)b *s/+% s)un chsh* 0hs 0ul dcc< g<ndcsc. Ccch cc c hb +*<*ch )cn *u /bsn3+ c cC)*s0h*ch )cn *u sn clcc % dbu+ 0h*s c0sncn3c. Sngcnsb.s +3slc clh*c s<n h)lhudhbslc. cclc cbn2u.c s<n /cnc*h c )cn *u c+ nc<n3clcsc: 4s uncb*s c )*c2c*hbsl+ bbscu*s h ch ch s+ nu 2ss /ulgh*. Dh* cu0 bh*c <4s /b* 2hcc b sdcc ccslhl3s dcs)*c cc hud% dhc+ ccs cc /b*bcsc nu dss)un dc b sdcc *h3sbnhl+O 7&5. Nu trc!usc s su!c4ts shu s ur4ts pcntru t!tdchunh%. <nc*cdc" c <n )*sc cns h.s ch <n du40hns 0<snc%
4s ccs 0hs
21<1 Nu khcc dsntr3! pr!stsc, d!u6 C2. Cr., SS) Br., &7A% &(7% &8A% 7A&: Crst., 119;. 7&B ...cu sntcnsc sccund6 C2. Br., &6% &5%65% &9B% &(6: B,*9 1119<. 7&B7 t*rc!hlclc... !hlclc6 Cchs/hl+0 Dbcul dc cu/sn c dsn b*sgsnhl? >! nb clc lhs punths Fuc /h cchhndb )h*h /cns* hl punt! dc su )*c cnssbn". 7&A S hs u4ursnh !r!srss6 C-. Cr., SSS) Dssc., SS) B*.% 7B6. 7&5 Nu trc!usc s su!c4ts...6 C2. Dssc., SS) Br., 11&% 76(%765%7B5: Crst, &%B.
*+s7? 4s dc /*c0c cc sc"n <0)l+ h4h <n *chls h c% <n <0)lc"sc 4s"n )*c/cdc*c. Nu dh h*0c *hns2ugslb* )*sc cnscs% c+cs )bh* + cu clc ccl 0hs c*<nccn *+.bbs. Cu du40hnss% ds0)b *s/+% u4+ )u*u*s dcschss+ <0)+c+*ss% 4s hnu0c cch h 2slb s0scs? cs c cch 0hs cc* +. R+.bunh*ch dc 0hs"nhsn c hDungc uncb*s s+ b* u*c.c 0hs h)bs% 4s 0ul3u0s*ch *+ulus 2+cu hl ush dc/snc )+*c*c dc *+u. 7&8. Nu hcs!nh nscs!dht dsn !!stsnhsc, cs rcklcct*nd%. B*scc bbs snh3sc c hbc*h3sc% 2ssch cch 0h*c h )h s0ss% cch ch*c n"h 2+cu nscsbdh + ns0sch d*c) . S<n unss cc *cduc b ul lh un 0sc *+.bbs: bhnds3s hs *clh3sslb* u0hnc% h* /*ch ch b cc 2+) uscsc s+ 2sc un *su027? nu 4 su s+ )*bccdc.c )h4nsc. Hcc4 sh% ch s+ cb0hndc 4s s+ c<*0ushsc+% s<n )c*nscsb4s% dcbh*ccc 2hc dsn gu/c*n bhnd+% 4s du40hns dsn ccs )c ch*c h* 2s *cbus s+ 4s"s 2hc+ 2ss? /b* s+ dss)un+ b ul du)+ )lhn 4s s+ bb3sn+ b ul ch *bd hl /sclcnscs lb*. dh*% du)+ cc bhnh )h*hdbChl+ lc c dh +"n /slchg% ccslhl3s ls sc b)un dc <ndh + 4s chu + s+ lc .+d+*nscchsc+ hs0c*clc% 4s hs 2cl nu bb3sn ns0sch. Sc"hlcg cu 0ul c <0busb+*s dc ncch.u*s 4s b3s <s hDu + s+ sc lch+0c chsc+. Hu Dudcch h )c*/c* s + 4s sns0h dcscb*s s *sch +. Mbdul dc h c )u* h cu hsc0cnch 0bn4 *s cs c s+ 2ugs lh hn s)b.s 6% c+cs 0hs lcsnc /cs su)b* h bh*bh*sh hcclb*h dcc< s+lb+ scsh hccs b*h. 7&'. Nu trccc drcpt !" hl sclcnscs6 dc4s nu sc 0hs )bh c *+s 2+*+ ch. Mhs cu*<nd )*udcn dcc< 4s*c . Tu u*b*h lc )lhcc 2*hnchc3ch <n *clh3ss% dh* nu 4s lh cs hchs+7. Ssncc*s h ch s+ nu chd+ <n cC *c0h nhs/s +3ss% nscs ss c3s0ch <n h 4s*c cnscs. Kss 0hs dcg*hb+ /cnc*h ch
7&57 prsctcns... du4"hns6 C2. )*b/c*bclc? >Dcscub*s0c h cl cb0b h0sgb% ! h*0bsc0c cb0b cs sgb" ;>M"h0 h*+ h lus ch )*sc cn 4s 0s s" h"nh*0h ch 0h* b*"E% shu >Cl )cb* cs sgb% cl Fuc 2uc u h0sgb" ;>Ccl 0hs *+u 0h* b*% ccl cc 3s"h 2bs )*sc cn"E. Tc0h )*sc cnscs lh G*hcs1n c hbb*dh + dsn )c*s)cc s/c ds2c*s c. G+ss0 4s clbgsul b hl hl )*sc cnscs $Br., &&&E% )*sc cnsh ch *c.ul h hl hlcgc*ss 4s hl h2sns +3slb* su2lc c4 s 4s sn clcc uhlc% dh* 4s% ch hscs% )*sc cnsh cs*cu0s hn3shl+% >)bls sc+"% <0)b *s/h c+*csh 0h*clc sc.us h/c* s.ch.+% ss uh 2ssnd <n h*sh )*udcn3cs 0undhnc. 7&8& Nu hcs!nh dsn !!stsnhsc...6 Ck. Dssc, @S#: Br., &(7. 7&87 ...un trsu"k6 C2. Plsnsus ccl T<n+*% Phnc#srscul Sus Trhshn, &A% 7? >4s nu chu3s *su02ul <n b*scc <0)*cDu*h*c" ;cd. cs .% ). 6AAE. 7&86 hntsp!0s6 Hscs% <n scnsul dc lbcus b*s hs unb* 3snu u*s bh*bh*c% ss uh c lh cC *c0s +3slc lu0ss. 7&' ...!" hl sclcnscs6 C2. Cr., "SS) Br., &6%&5%(B%7(6: Crst., 1193.
7&'7 ...nu 4s lh cs hchs6 1rh0h c clhbb*h + du)+ 0bdclul /cchsulus )*b/c*b >Jus scsh% 0hs nb )b* 0s chsh" ;0h*chs.ul dc Shn sllhnh% >D*c) h c% dh* nu 4s lh 0snc"n chs+"E% cs h dc G*hcs1n 4s <n CrsL, 2s% &9. 320 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS
<n3clc) dcc< c0u ch )c*2sd. Ccs ssncc*s s<n subs3s% dh* h0+gs3s. Cch 0hs 0h*c /sclcnsc c s"b hscun.s% c+cs c sbcb s + d*c) h0+gs*c% <n /chcul dc hu* h <n2lb*s nc)*sh+ns*ch: <n hccs h dc 2sh*c% *+u h ch. Rc)u h3sh dc b0 ch*c 4 sc cc *cbusc s+ 2hc+ c bnb*hbsl+ 4s sns)s*+ <nc*cdc*c% dh* cch dc b0 /sclchn c sb2ss sch + 4s nh4 c sus)scsunc. 779. C*nd nu p!s *"!rch psclch dc lcu, *"!rhc3! pc cch dc ulpc%. H 4 s s+ ccdc.s /*c0ss <nsch0n+ s+ c cCccdc.s. Csnc"4s *chls.ch.+ scb)ul nu"4s )sc*dc nscsbdh + *c)u h3sh. Sn ls)sh )u c*ss% dsb+csc: )c un d*u0 shu )c hl ul% b*s )c ccl *cghl hl cu*hDulus% b*s )c scu* + u*h 4s*c cnscs. Mhs 0ul h 2+cu /sclc4ugul dcc< 2b*3h 7% 4s 0hs dcs s"hu <n/sns <n3clc)3ss )c /s cDs dcc< sn/c*s. C<nd nu"3s )b3s h sngc scb)ul% /snc dss)*c3ul. 77&. Nu ks pr! !cht!r%6 nscs ch s+ c hnghDc.s% nscs ch s+ hnghDc.s. CCss + )b scns b*s hs cu/ssn3cs% h < h lb* c< 4s h cclb*lhl3s% 0c*cu )*cdss)u4s lh )*bs sc. Sc lchg+ cu 0h*c u4u*sn3+ 4s *u) nc2c*scs . Nu"4s cbc .suh 2+*+ b su + dc su)+*+*s: bhnh lc c"n *+s)+*% 4s hs 2cl% cbn *h.sc )c b3s 4s bh c c< c s<n : 4s"hu <0b*+ch Dudcch h )c dbs% 4s hs 2cl% dc.h)*bb+ b ul. Ccs 0hs 0h*s cn h b*s hs cu0sn3cnscs s<n <ns+ ccs cc nu 2hc ns0sch bsnc 4s /b*bcsc *+u dcs)*c bh c% c+cs s<n 0ul3s 0bn4 *s <n /hs h 3h*+ h s0)c* sncn3cs. 777. B" s!c!tst, pr!! dc prudcnt%. Ls0bh c 2sh*+ 4s% dhc+"s dhs d*u0ul% 2bh* c g*cu b 0hs )us <n lhn3. C )ulsul su2lc ulus% du)+ ch*c <n3clc)3ss <s cunbsc dss)b.s3sh: hscs )s)+sc h cn3s b+ hsh sns0ss. R+ul c c+ bc0hs csnc h* *cbus s+ 2sc ccl 0hs 0ul c ccl 0hs )u3sn *c3snu . <n3clc) ul c/s + su)+*+*s 4s buclucu*s 4s h*h + c< c dc s +)<n )c ssnc: sc )bh* + cs*cu0s)cc % Shnus <n nc)+* s"ns*c% H*gus <n cc*cc h*c. Mb0bs 0hs bsnc h* 2s ss03s ls)sh unb* bchs lh 0<sns dcc< h uncs 2c*cs *uscs lh )sc) 7.
779& ...psclch dc lcu... cch dc ulpc6 C2. Crst., S% 5. Lh b*sgsnch hccs us c)sg*h2 s + un cC dsn Plu h*h% Dscs phrhlclc, >L!shnd*bs"% 5% cd. cs % /bs. SSS% ). 77(? >C<nd hhsnh dc lcu nu hDungc lh 3sn +% *cbusc s+ b <0b*+c+0 )c cch dc /ul)c"% h s)us gcnc*hlul s)h* hn. #c.s 4s )*b/c*bul? >Cuhndb lh )scs dcl lcbn cs cb* h% cbn/scnc hnhds*lc cbnsscndblc b *h dc *+)bsh" ;Sbh*bs% >C<nd )sclch dc lcu c scu* +% ch + s"b lungc4 s% cbs<nd dc ch hl h dc /ul)c"E. 7797 sclc4u#ul... k!rh6 C2. )*b/c*bul >Mhs /hlc 0h2sh Fuc 2uc*.h" ;Cb**chsE. 77& Nu ks pr! !cht!r6 C2. Dssc% @S#% @S@: Br., (5% 5(%77(. 777& B" s!c!tst...6 C2. Dssc, @S@: Br., 6%&(8%&5': Crst., &%&&. 7777 M!"!s6 #c.s Cr., nb h (9. >M<nh cu bchs" $!culhth "hnus) h)h*c <n c0blc0h lus Hlcsh s S!!rsc s cndu" ct n!n tcrnhrc crcdcndu". BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 67&
776. Nu ks c-ccss dc ssn#ulhr%. Dsn h2cc h*c shu ncb+gh*c dc sch0+% unss s<n dc b ssngulh*s h c nb hbsl+% cu hc3suns 0hnshchlc% ch*c s<n 0hs 0ul dc2cc c dcc< ds2c*cn3sc*s. s h4h cu0 unss s<n 2bh* c cunbscu3s )*sn c< c"b u*<3cnsc h)h* c h chs)ulus% h4h 4s hcc4 sh% )*sn c< c un cCccs <n cb0)b* h*c. Ssngulh*s.h*ch nu sluDc4 c dcc< ch blh0% cu un )h* sculh*ss0 cc s <*nc4 c% )c *<nd% lh unss *<sul% lh hl3ss su)+*h*ch. 77(. *n h s hpucs lucrurslc%6 nscsbdh + <n *+s)+*% chsh* dhc+ /sn. Tbh c hu 2h3+ 4s *c/c*s. Ccl 0hs bun 4s 0hs 2h/b*hbsl% dhc+"& h)ucs dc +s4% /h +*n+: ds0)b *s/+% ccl 0hs bs sl% dhc+ dc )l+sch% h)+*+. Mul c% ch*c"hu hdus n+)hs +% h* 2s hdus% dhc+ ls s"h* 2s c+u h h/hn hDclc% 0ul3u0s*c. <n bh c cCss + )+*3s bunc 4s *clc? dsb+csh c h 4 s s+ dhs dc 2blbs. Hcclh4s luc*u 2hcc h)c 2bh* c ds2c*s c% dhc+"& )*s/c4 s sub lu0sns ds2c*s c? )*s/c4 c"& sub cch h 2c*scs*ss. Nu *cbusc s+ <ncu*cs d<*lbgss bsnclus 4s"hs *+ulus. H4h sc 2hcc c+ unss g+scsc <n bh c 0ul3u0s*ch% sh* hl3ss ncch.ul. Mh*c lchc <0)b *s/h lb/s u*slb* sb*3ss 4s 0h*c *cgul+ dc /sh3+ )cn *u b*scc /*c0c 4s )cn *u b*scc sluDb+. 77B. Cun!h4tc3s dckcctul3rc#c%. Ns0cns nu *+sc4 c 2+*+ cl% cbn *h)bndc*c lh dh*ul c0sncn % 4s% dhc+ <nclsnh*ch <l 2h/b*s.ch.+% <n*bbc4 c s*hnsc. S+"ncc)s h"s dcclh*h *+.bbs% scul<nd <0)b *s/+"s g*sDh% sh* )*s0ul )hs 2sc dh*ch <n /slchg% dcbh*ccc% 2ssnd cunbscu % /h 2s b+ u % 0hs hlcs dhc+ ccl sn c*csh <l Dudcc+ lh 2cl ch 4s ccs cc s" & <n2sc*ch.+. Ch s+ 2ss s +)<n )c snc c ncccsh* s+ /cghc.s hsu)*h h. B dh +"n/sns hccs ch) hl s0)c*2cc3sunslb*% bh c /b* ch)s ulh. 77A. Htcnsc s *ndht!rc0s%. Ccs 0hs 0ul3s nu /b*bcsc 4s nscs nu hc3sbnch.+ du)+ cu0 s<n % cs du)+ cu0 <s bblsgs. B*scsnc )bh c hc*cds h cu )*ssbssn3+ *+ul% )cn *u c+ *+ul c 2bh* c c*c.u % chsh* dhc+ uncb*s snc*cdsbsl. Tb cc h/c0 0hs 0ul 4s 0hs bun dc)sndc dc *h)b* u*slc cu ccslhl3s. Unss sc 0ul3u0csc s+ hsb+ d*c) h ch dc )h* ch lb*% dh* nu"s dc"hDuns% c+cs c nc/bsc s"b hDu3s cu s<*gusn3h. <ndh b*h*ch cbs + uncb*s 2bh* c )u3sn 4s /hlb*ch.+ 0ul ? cu /b*bc cu0)c*s 2h) c. <n hcchs + 0h*c chs+ h uns/c*sulus nu c scul+ h <
776 Nu ks c-ccss dc ssn#ulhr6 C2. Dssc., @#S: B*.% &(6. 77( *n h s hpucs lucrurslc6 C2. Br., 8(% 8'% 7&&% 77&. 77B& Cun!h4tc3s dckcctul3rc#c6 C2. Br., 8'% &A&%768. U*0+0% <n )*s0h 2*h.+% )unc uh3sh )*b)us+ dc BP"BG. BC &% ). (76b% cbn2b*0 cds3scs )*sncc)s. ::&%
Htcnsc s *ndht!rc0s6 Ck. Cr.,DB Dssc.,==lBr.,2&, &&7%&&8.

dc nc *cbnsc+% <nc< % 0+ch* lh un hn b dh +% s+ nu 2hc+ *cbusn3+ 4s% chsh* dc"h* /hlb*h )u3sn% <s /cs ss03s 0ul ls)sh. Kscch*c /b*bc4 c dcs)*c bbscc 0<nh dc h2cc . 775. Nu ks hl prs"cs s"prcsss%. Unss <4s shu dc nc/cs c )*s0h /cs c% h4h <nc< cclclhl c s<n cbncubsnc 4s% cu0 0sncsunh c 0c*cu <n 2*un c% nu 0hs *+0<nc lbc 4s )cn *u hdc/+*. Nu *cbusc u0)lu c nscs /bsn3h cu )*s0ul bbscc % nscs sn clcc ul cu )*s0h )*b)b.s3sc% c+cs <nsch0n+ snsu2scscn3+ h ch)hcs +3ss. Unss hu )*b)*sc h ch
ulcsb*ulus nbu7% )c ch*c )unc s +)<ns*c <n <sul 0s*bs% h < hl lscb*ss )*bhs c% c< 4s hl cclcs bunc. C<nd hcchs + snsu2scscn3+ hDungc h"s 2s cunbscu +% ch dc/snc d+un+ bh*c% dcbh*ccc d+ /hd /sclcnscs *+u +csbhsc? *+u sn cn3sbnh3ss sc g*+bcsc s+ /b)schsc+ <n culbh*ch lb* c*cduls h ch. R+0<n+ b dchunh lbc )cn *u *ccCh0snh*c: )+s" *c.c"4s HlcChnd*u cchlhl + u*cchc )cn *u )h* ch hd/c*s+6? *+0<n+ lbc )cn *u h dbuh 4s"h *csh sn2b*0h*c. S0)*cssbnhbsl s h ch c sc0n dc snch)hcs h c 4s cs c h)*bh)c dc )hssbnhls h c. 778. Nu ks #ur rch%. Nccu0 s+ hs hsc0cnch *cnu0c% c+cs h* <nsc0nh 2hs0+ dc 2hs0b2bb7. Nu 2s sngcnsbs )c s)snh*ch cclb*lhl3s% c+ c 0hs cu*<nd bdsbs dcc< hnc/bsbs. Sc *+.bun+ b3s )c snc% /b*"bsndu" c b3s dc *+u% 4s% cu0 u c4 s ssngu*% sh* cs 0ul3s% 0hs dcg*hb+ c /b* <n/sngc dcc< <s /cs cbn/sngc. R+ul nu *cbusc s+ bucu*c nscsbdh + 4s nscs s+ nu 2sc cb0cn h . Clc/c s b*ul c dc cs h <n /ccs 4s% chsh* dhc+ uncb*s <4s 0hs 2hc dc /b*b+ cu cl )c*sbnhDc sus)usc% b 2hc 0hs 0ul dc d*hgul .c2lc0clss dcc< dsn s s0+ )cn *u cu0sn3cnsh lus. Sh* csnc /b*bc4 c dc *+u <4s hudc b dchunh /b*bc 4s 0hs *clc6.
775& Nu ks hl prs"cs s"prcsss6 C2. Br., 89. &(A% 7(8: Crst., &. ': SS% &&. Rb0c*h Nh/h**b cs ch.+ )*b/c*bul s hlshn? >Ub0b ds )*s0h s0)*csssbnc% ub0b ds ul s0h s0)*csssbnc." 7757 pr!prscthtch ulcs!rulus n!u6 C2. P*b/c*bul? >H lh /hssDh nuc/h du*h cl *cshbsb dc Sb Fuc sc cchb cn cllh" ;><n ulcsb*ul nbu d+snusc 0s*bsul h ccch cc hs /+*sh <n cl"E. C2. 4s Hb*h3su% Sc*ssb*s% S% SS% A'"59? >#hsul dc h*gsl+ nbu+ 0ul + /*c0c /h )+s *h Ms*bsu"hbsb*bs bdh +..."% *hd. dc Lclsh TcbdbssuE. #c*su*slc lus Hb*h3su hu 2bs h0+nun3s glbsh c dc unh dsn 0h*slc hu b*s +3s hlc s)s*s uhls +3ss sc.us c% Hlbnsb Rbd*sguc. ;&B68=&A&AE% <n C7crcscs!s dc pcrkcccs!n srtudcs c*ss*hnbs ;&A9'E% &%7%'. 7756 Pcntru phrtch hd crs6 H0 0hs <n <lns hcchs + hlu.sc. Rch0sn s0 cC ul sns3shl dsn Hsc, @@@? >Hs 2cl% HlcChnd*u <4s hs u)h b u*cchc c<nd hu.ch b <n/snus*c 4s% <n *cbh dc cc 2hcc h4h% *+s)unsc? Pc hs h b )+s *c. )cn *u )<*< ." 778 Nu ks #ur *ch? C2. Dssc, S@: Br., 8A: Crst., SS% &&. 7787 khs"!k!!6 Cchs/hl+0 hs 2cl un cu/<n c*ch )*bbhbsl dc G*hcs1n% c!ntrh3kh"hs, hd/c*sh* hl *c)u h3sslb*% dc2+s0+ b*. 7786 csnc !r!c4tc dc ru... C2. )*b/c*bul? >Guscn 0hl dscc% )cb* b!c." BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 323
77'. *n h s3s *"prs shh cu dssccrncrc%6 nu cu0 /sn <0)*cDu*+*slc% cs cu )*c/cdc*c 4s clcc3sunc. C *udnsc+ 2+*+ b)*s*s% ch b c+l+ b*sc lung+ 2+*+ hhnu*s: b 2hcc 2c*scs + c*uds h /h*sc h c. Ccl dsn <s )b)hs hl /sc3ss 2*u0bhsc s+ ns"& chcl us0 cbn/c*s<nd cu 0b*3ss: nc nh4 c0 s)*c"h cunbh4 c 4s"h nc cunbh4 c% sh* c+*3slc nc 2hc 2sdcl )c*sbhnc. H dbuh c h)+ 2blbsc4 c"b )cn *u ccs /ss? /+.<nd 4s <nsc0n<nd b bsnclc lu0ss: nu bh c luc*u*slc sc g+scsc <n *"b 3h*+% .cs *ch h <0)+*3s "b P+*sn clc uns/c*shl% 4s uncb*s h <0bbg+3s "b 0hs 0ul )c u*< +7. H *csh c h)+ 2sc <n <n *cgs0c"h h? ul s0+ 2c*scs*c% 2slb.b2h*ch. 769. Dcschsdc !chss lh ts"p%. Nu b3s ccs cc /+d hu dcschss bchss% nscs b3s ccs cc )*s/csc /+d. Du0s*s*ch <*.sc nu 0hs c lchc% cs ncch.. Unss <ncc) s+ /hd+ c<nd nu 0hs hu cc? 4s"hu dcs2+cu chsh 4s 0hsh <nhsn c dc h sc 2s 2+cu )c cs <n4s4s. C g*cu s+ dhs sn clsgcn3+ cus n"h*c /bsn3+% dh* 4s 0hs 4s s+ dhs /bsn3+ cus n"h*c sn clsgcn3+7: ccs dsn )*chD0h lb* sc Dbhc+ cu cs ch 4s ns4 c b*bs% s)*c hh.ul cclb*lhl3s: 4s% dsn )*scsn+ c+ s<n su*.s ch s+ hud+. nu dcschsd bchss ch s+ /hd+. Nu ls)sc4 c <ns+ c< c unul ch*c lc <n *c3snc snscnssbsls h ch% <n *uc< cCss cn3h lus sc <n c0csh.+ )c sncCss cn3h lb*. Nc2c*scs chlul hl c+*us s +)<n n"h*c bchs? g*cu sc /h" ng*+4h6. 76&. Nu dc0 lus lucrurs pc 7u"thtc kcutc%6 s+ 2sc sh/u*h c <n dcs+/<*4s*ch lb*. Tbh c <ncc)u u*slc s<n sn2b*0c% 4s *+0<nc
77' *n h s3p *"prs shh...6 C2. Dssc, @@/: Br., &B&. 77'? urst6 Du)+ cu0 s)unc )*b/c*bul? >KchO Cl chudhl dc 0s )hd*c 0c *chc*0bsch" ;>U*< +O H/c*ch h cs 0+"n2*u0usc3ch.+"E. 769& Dcschsdc !chss lh ts"p... C2. Br., A. 7697 !sn... sntcls#cn6 Rb0c*h Nh/h**b ;RN"BM.% ). ((5% nb h AE h*h + c+ hcchs + hsbcsc*c h sn clcc ulus cu /bsn3h% cunbh4 c*ch 2ssnd cbncc)u + ch hc3sunc s0hncn +% sh* /bsn3h ch )b cn3h sn clcc s/+. h)+*usc <nc+ <n /cchch scblhs sc+. Dc hscs hu )*cluh "b S)snb.h ;>#bsn3h 4s sn clcc ul s<n unul 4s hcclh4s luc*u"% 2*sch% SS% )*b). @LK% cb*blh*E 4s Ksch c% ch*c )*c.sn + /bsn3h ch )*sncs)su /su hl *h3sunss% ch *h3sunch <ns+4s c<nd c cbncc)u + )u* ;Dc Bcsts""un# dcs Mcnschcn, SSS% SS% ##c*H"c% Bc*lsn% &8(B"&8(A% . SS% ). 788E. Sh* Unh0unb *csh? >Nu sn clsgcn3h% cs /bsn3h cs c hccch ch*c nc 2+u*c4 c lu0ch% sh* /cchsul h2b*ss0 scblhs sc nshsl !lstu" Ausn prhcc!#nstu", nu /*c0 ns0sc 2+*+ h 2s cunbscu 0hs <n <s. *cbusc cb*cc h cu un nshsl c!#nstu" Ausn prch !lstu", ns0sc nu cunbh4 c0 2+*+ h 2s /*u 0hs <n <s". Dsdh dc D!n Hus7!tc 9 Shnch!. S% ch). @@@S ;/c.s 4s Dshh lus D!n Hus7!tc 4s Shnch!, <n *b0. dc Slchnh Bucu*cncsu 4s G*sgb*c Ds0h% Uns/c*s% Bucu*c4 s% &'56% ). &8'E. 7696 Nckcrscst chlcul...6 Hdh) h*c h )*b/c*bulus? >Cl bDb dcl h0b cngb*dh cl chbhllb" ;BudsnE cu cb*cs)bndcn ls c*hl <n *b01nc4 c? >Bchsul s +)<nulus <ng*h4+ chlul". 76&& Nu dc0 lus...6 C2. Dssc, @#SS. 324 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS
h)bs scbhnh hcclcs ds2b*0s +3s: h0sn s*ch luc*ulus /+.u s* )c*2cc nu"3s <ng+dusc s+ c bucu*s dc cl c*0snh . Sh/u*h*ch dsn *"b dh + h unus bbscc 0h*c% dc4s cbn u*b+ Dudcch*ch )+*3slb*% sh ss2hcc )c dc)lsn gus ul. <nhsn c dc h 2s% b ul c ns0sc% sh* c<nd <ncc)c s+ 2sc% c <nc+ 2bh* c )sc*du <n ns0scul s+u. #cdc*ch )*cg+ s*ss cclus 0hs hlcs 2cl dc 0<nch*c 0hs dcg*hb+ hsc dcc< s <*nc4 c )b2 h? 2c*chsc+"sc% dh*% b*scc 0h*c 0hcs *u ch b)c*clc s+"s 2sc .+*s c <n c0b*sbn? <n/c3c dc lh nh u*+ s+ nu 4s lc cC)un+ )<n+ c<nd nu )b h)+*ch. 767. S+ hs un drh" dc nc#ust!r%. S+ nu 2sc b ul dbh* s)cculh3sc% s+ 2sc 4s hc3sunc. Ccs 2bh* c <n3clc)3s s<n lcsnc dc h0+gs dsn )*scsn+ c+% dc4s cunbsc ncbbs4nus ul% sgnb*+ bbs4nus ul /sc3ss% ch*c c 0hs ncccsh*. Cbn c0)lh*ch luc*u*slb* subls0c nu lc 0hs lhs+ lbc )cn *u cclc ss0)lc: 4s% cu0 sgnb*+ cc h* 2s *cbus s+ 4 sc <n )*s0ul *<nd 4s"n ch*c b3s s<n ss c3s% s<n 2sc )*s/s3s cu 0s*h*c% 2sc sbcb s3s sgnb*hn3s dc /ulgul su)c*2scshl. B+*bh ul <n3clc) s *1dushsc+"sc% h4hdh*% s+ hsb+ cc/h dc ncgus b*% h < h c< *cbusc ch s+ nu 2sc h0+gs 4s chsh* luh )cs c )scsb*? 2ss b0 hl )*hc scss c+cs% dc4s nu c cc/h su)c*sb*% c dc cch 0hs 0h*c *cbusn3+ ch s+ *+sc4 s.
Lh cc c bun+ bh*c 4 ssn3h% dhc+ nu"s u sl+O7 Sh* h 4 s s+ *+sc4 s c h.s hdc/+*h h 4 ssn3+Q 766. Nu dh #rc4 cu #ustul hltush%6 c+cs h* 2s s+"s 2hcs un ncch. <n lbc dc )l+cc*c. Unss% sbcb snd c+ <ndh b*ch.+% su)+*+% 2ssndc+ nu <n3clcg 2s*slc. CCss + hc3suns ch*c )cn *u unss s<n 0+guls*c 4s )cn *u hl3ss Dsgns*c% sh* ccch cc c*cdchs c+ c b 0<nh dc hDu b* h 2bs b )hl0+. H cbs h uncb*s 0hs scu0) s+ 2hcs b nc)l+cc*c dcc< h* 2s cbs h s+ 2hcs b )l+cc*c. Psc*d 4s *ccunb4 sn3h% 4s *+s)lh h dbh* )cn *u c+ hu )sc*du nb*dul <ndh b*+*ss. Dhc+ nu cunb4 s 2s*ch ccluslhl % g*cu <l /cs )u ch 0ul3u0s: h4h sc 2hcc c+ unss hu g<nds s+ *bs chsc+ b lhud+ 4s hu *bs s b snDu*sc% ccch cc
767& S+ hs un drh" dc nc#ust!r6 C2. Dssc, @@S: Br., &79% 7&B% 7(5. 7677 4tssnh6 Cbncc)3sh <n hcchs + )*s/sn3+ nu sc 0bds2schsc 2h3+ dc hccch cbnsc0nh + dc Scncch% Scrss!rs ctrc Lucslsu, C#S% &7: >Nbn /s hc% scd schblhc dsscs0us"% h2s*0h3sc <ndu*c*h +% )b*nsnd dc lh cbns h h*ch c+ >)*ccu0 *sss)s0 bh c cclclhl c 2+*+ *bs % h4h *sss)s0 2slb.b2sh <ns+4s. P*ccu0 nc chsnus0 dsn chu.h nccu0)+ +*ss <n bh c% h4h 4s <n <n/+3+ u*+. Nu <n/+3+0 )cn *u /sh3+% cs )cn *u 4cbhl+" ;cd. cs .% ). (&&E. P*sn *c sc.us3s cs*culh 2b*0ulh*ch ds*cc +? >Nbn schblhc% scd /s hc dsscs0us" ;%%Nu <n/+3+0 )cn *u 4cbhl+% cs )cn *u /sh3+"E. 766M Nu dh #rc4 cu #ustul hltush6 C2. Dssc., DC. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 67B
h 2bs )cdch)s+ bsnc0c*s h +7. Hl3ss c*cd c+ dss *ch.+ cu clbcsn3h 4s nu 2hc dcc< s+ sc<*bchsc+ su2lc ul cu /b*b+*sh lb*. 76(. Nu3s *ncrcdsnh nscs!dht rcputhsh kr 0l!#ul !n!hrcs ccluslhlt%. T*cbusc s+ <0)+*3s h < 2blbsul lh +cc*c c< 4s dhunh lh u4u*+ h c. <n sn c*csc dc bnbh*c% *h)b* ul *cbusc s+ 2sc b dchunh dc b/+*+4sc% hs 2cl <nc< *c)u h3sh )*b)*sc s+ c 2hc+ s+ hs g*sD+ dc cch s *+sn+. Nu c <nc*cdc nscsbdh +7: dhc+ uncb*s% 2+"b cu hsc0cnch h* +% <nc< )*udcn3h s+ )bh + ccdh <n 2h3h 4s*c cnscs? 2sc *sscul cb0un 4s 0s.h 0u uhl+% )cn *u ch s+ nu 3s sc *hns2b*0c"n 0h* b* hl hcu.+*ss csnc 3s sc *ccunbh4 c cb)+* h4. 76B. *n h s ccrs%. Nu c ns0sc 0hs g*cu )cn *u unss 4s 0hs u4b* )cn *u hl3ss. S<n unss ch*c nu 4 su s+ *c2u.c: cu cs. nu"s nc/bsc dc 4)c*hclu. S<n hl3ss hl c+*b* )*s0 cu/<n lh b*scc b*+ cs c nuB cu cs c nc/bsc dc /sclc4ug. s cu b3s% dc 0b0cn ul b)b* un? s+ su*)*sn.s cugc clc bsnc dss)usc% 2sc dh b*s + <ndcs ul+*ss hn c*sbh*c h *u)ulus% 2sc cclcs h su2lc ulus. Dhc+ h cn3sh 4s*c ulus <n cC)cc h s/+ nu )*c<n <0)sn+ s *h hgc0h cclus ch*c sblscs +% .slclc dc bucu*sc s<n cclc hlc hh <*ulus% ch*c sc *c/h*s+ dsn l+un *u <n cC c*sb*. Nu c h)*b)sh c<nd /c.s c+ hl ul c *c2u.h % 2ssndc+ ch0h dc nu s"h *sss)s . Lh *ss c3c% nu cCss + <0)*cDu*h*c )*sclnsc+. <ndh b*h*ch cu hn scs)h3sc c ch0bsc *ccs)*bc+ h uncs c<nd n"hs dc"h 2hcc cu 0bDscsh. 76A. 1 !!ls#hsc *nhsntc dsn ccch cc hr trc!us s ksc rsplht ultcrs!r %. C dsb+csc h 0h*slb* )bls scscns. Kh/b*u*s <nhsn c dc 0c*s c s<n db/hd+ dc bh0cns gcnc*b4s 7. Kh/bh*ch hs 2cl hn scs)h + h*c dbu+ c0sncn3c? c+ )*b0) s udsnch cclus cc d+ <l bblsg+
7667 pcdchps !snc"crstht6 Pcdch)s+ nu )cn *u ccl cc h 2+cu clbgsul% cs )cn *u ccl ch*c"& )*s0c4 c% 4 ssnd c+ nu"& 0c*s +. C2. Psld, 75% &(? >Cclus cc bsnc"cu/<n ch.+ )c )*sc cnul s+u cu glhs 0h*c dss"dc"ds0snch3+% s sc sbcb c4 c ch un blcs c0." 76(-Nu3s *ncrcdsnh rcputhsh...6 C2. B*.% 7&5. 76(7 nu tc *ncrcdc nscs!dht6 C2. Scncch% Scrss!rs, SSS? >Cs c lh 2cl dc g*c4s h c <nc*cdc <n bh + lu0ch ch 4s h nu c <nc*cdc <n ns0cns: dh* <n )*s0ul ch. h4 .scc c+ c /b*bh dc b /sn+ 0hs bnb*hbsl+% <n hl dbslch% dc unh ch*c 2c*c4 c 0hs bsnc dc )*s0cDdss" ;cd. cs .% ). AE. 76B& *n h s ccrs6 C2. Dssc., @@SS: Br., 59: Crst., SS% &&. Bh llb*s 4s Pc*hl h 2hc *s0s c*s lh dbc *snh <n 0h c*sc h lus Sgnhcsb dc Lb!blh 4s h lus Gsb/hns Bb c*b% Dcllh rh#s!n ds Stht!., &. ;BP"BG. BC&% ). (7A.E. 76A 1 !!ls#hpc...? C2. Br., 77A% 7((% 78A. 76A !h"cns #cncr!4s6 C2. Scncch% Dc !cnckscsss, SS% &% 7"(. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNTCS
4s 0hs 0ul )c ccl cc )*s0c4 c: un hcclh4s dh*% dhc+ 0hs <*.su c dh b*sc% 0hs dc/*c0c c <ndh b*h*c. Sub sl 0bd dc h *hns2b*0h bblsgh3sslc% <nc< cch ch*c h* 2s *cbus s+ 2sc h su)c*sb*ulus% ch s+ *+s)l+ chsc+% *cchdc hsu)*h cclus <ndh b*h % ch s+ sc )l+ chsc+. Hcchs h% dc bun+ sch0+% <n ch.ul )c*sbhnclb* gcnc*bhsc% c+cs <n ch.ul bh0cnslb* Dbsnscs% hn scs)<nd )lh h bnb*h*sulus h* <nsc0nh s+ lc )us 0hs dcg*hb+ 2*<u dcc< )sn cns. 765. Nu *"prs nscs!dht sccrctc cu supcrs!rss ts%6 /cs c*cdc c+"0)h*3s )c*c 4s /cs <0)+*3s )sc *c7. Mul3s hu )sc*s 2ssndc+ hu 2bs cbn2sdcn3s? hcc4 sh s<n ch lsngu*h dsn cbhD+ dc )<snc% )<nds + dc"hcclh4s *ssc h)bs 6. <0)+* +4s*ch unush nu"s hh <* hl )*sncs)clus% cs *sbu . Mul3s s)h*g bglsndh )cn *u c+ lc h0sn c4 c u*<3cnsh: nu" & )b3s /cdch )c csnc c"h )u u /cdch% nscs bsnc /+.u nu"s csnc h /+.u *+u. Pc ns0cns s+ nu"& sbcb c4 s )*ch <ndh b*h % 4s )c ccl )u c*nsc ccl 0hs )u3sn: 2sc 0hs dcg*hb+ cu bsnc2hcc*s hcb*dh c dcc< cu hh <*u*s )*s0s c. Mhs )*s0cDdsbhsc ch b*scc s<n cbn2sdcn3clc dsn )*sc cnsc. Csnc 4s"h <0)+* +4s hl ush scc*c clc s"h dc/cns sclh/: 4s% )cn *u su/c*hns% c b sslnscsc cc nu )bh c du*h. Db*csc s+"4s *+scu0)c*c lsbc* h ch )sc*du + 4s% )cn *u hs h% chlc+ b <n )scsbh*c% )<n+ 4s d*c) h ch. Scc*c clc% h4hdh*% nscs nu lc hscul h% nscs nu lc s)unc. 768. Cun!h4tc pscsh cc3s lspsc4tc%. Mul3s h* 2s )c*sbhnc dc)lsnc dhc+ nu lc"h* ls)ss un cc% 2+*+ dc ch*c nscsbdh + nu hDung )c cul0ch 2ssn3cs dcs+/<*4s c. Lh unss bbsc*/s c+ h* )u ch 2s 0ul dhc+ h* luh sch0h lh 2bh* c )u3sn. Lc ls)sc4 c sc*sb.s h ch% ccch cc lc u0b*c4 c 0h*s <n.cs *+*s: hl b*h% bl<ndc3ch )u* +*ss% ls)s+ )c ch*c ccs h)*b)sh3s b ss0 nu0hsdcc< % 0hs hlcs lh bh0cnss cu /h.+: lh unss h* 2s dc db*s b)c*h s/s h ch% 4s lh hl3ss
765& ...sccrctc c supcrs!rss ts6 C2. Cr., SS: Br., 7&5% 7B'% 7A9: Crst., &%&6: SSS% A. 7657 pcrc... psctrc6 Hdh) h*c h unus )*b/c*b ch*c% sub 2b*0h sh cch 0hs /cchc% sunh hs 2cl? >Cn bu*lhs ns cn /c*hs% cbn u sc2sb* nb )h* hs )c*hs" ;>Nscs <n glu0+% nscs <n hdc/+*% cu s +)<nul nu"0)+*3s )c*c"E% <n*cgss *h dc 0h*chs.ul dc Shn sllhnh. shu% sub b 2b*0+ 0hs *cccn +? %.Ns cn bu*lhs ns cn /c*hs cbn u h0b )h* hs )c*hs"% cchs/hlhbsl 0hs lsbc* hs 2cl? >Nscs ssls % nscs dc )l+cc*c% nu"0)+*3s cu db0nul )c*c"
;Sbh*bsE. 7656 hcclh4s rssc hp!s6 Rsscul sdcn sc )cn *u b lsngu*+ 2+cu + dsn cbhD+ dc )<snc cs c dc h 2s <nghs3s + du)+ cc 4s"h <ndc)lsns *blul dc h *hns)b* h lh gu*+ buch clc. 768 Cun!h4tc pscsh cc3s lspsc4tc6 C2. Dssc., SS% @S#% @#SS% @@% @@S% @@SS: B*.% A%&77%7AA. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNTCS 327
*c3snc*ch. Tbh c hccs c 0c chnc% dhc+ h* 2s bbsc*/h c% s"h* )u ch <nd*c) h lcsnc% c+cs g*sDh )bh c 2hcc dsn bbs4nusn3+ b h dbuh nh u*h. 76'. Nu ks hrhshscust%6 0hs bsnc )*udcn . ssnd 0hs 0ul dcc< sc chdc% *s4 s s+ dc/ss bbn % c+cs sub3s*s0slc cb0unc sc *u): 0hs ssgu* c hdc/+*ul c0csnsc. C bsnc s+ hs ch)% dh* nu ls0bu3sc. Dsscu3sh 0ul + c l+s h* dc dss)u +: 0hs bsnc b bun+ Dudcch + )lsn+ dc 0sc. ch*c s+ nu dsscu c 0hs 0ul dcc< sc chdc. 7(9. *n h s tc k!l!sc4ts dc pr!stsc%. s ccl 0hs 0h*c <n3clc) Dbhc+ uncb*s )scsh hcchs h 4s s<n <0)*cDu*+*s <n ch*c cch 0hs bun+ 4 ssn3+ c s+ h*+3s c+ nu 4 ss. Nu *cbusc s+ 2ss sgnb*hn % cs s+ c )*c2hcs c+ c4 s. Pu3sn s0)b* + s+ 2ss cu )*b4 ss <n3clc) % 4s cu ncbunss cu0sn c: *cbusc s+ /b*bc4 s cu 2scch*c )c ls0bh lus 7. P*bs nu" s ccl cc ss0ulch.+ )*bs sh% cs hcclh ch*c su2c*+ dc ch: cch nc2+cu + c )*bs sc% nscsdccu0 cch )*c2+cu +% )<n+ hscs hDungc h* h. MsDlbcul unsc dc h c 2hcc subs c s+ c"0b*hcs <n )sclch cclus 0hs ss0)lu dbbs bc 6. 7(&. Glu"clc, sup!rt3lc, dhr nu lc k!l!ss%. Hccch c un gcn dc 2slb s0sc% hcchs h% dc bblsgh3sc. Csnc sc )bsb0b*+4 c lh /csclsc 3snc 0ul dc dbbs bc% 4s"b h*h + 4s 0hs 0ul . Glu0h su)c*sbh*+ c )l+cu +% h 4 s s+ b su)b*3s c sc0n dc ch)hcs h c. Csnc sc ss0 c <n3c)h d+ 3c)s cclb* cc"n3ch)+% P+*+sc4 c"lc $B bsul lb* 7% 4s cc< 0hs ssgu* c s+ nu lc )*b/bcs. Cclc 0hs 0h*s hdc/+*u*s s"hu n+scu b dchunh dsn glu0c. Ns0sc nu cc*c 0hs 0ul + h cn3sc 4s dsb+csc: <nhsn c dc"h <ncc)c *cbusc s+ 4 ss )<n+ lh cc )unc hl *+bd+*ss )bh c hDungc 2s*ch subscc ulus. 7(7. C-pl!htch03s s0!shdh%. Unss chcl uscsc b ul ch s+ <ncch)+ 4s nu c*0sn+ ns0sch: sns3sh.+% dh* nu )c*sc/c*ch.+? sns hbsls h c
76' Nu ks hrhshscust6 C2. Dssc., @K. P*sn hshshscust cchs/hl+0 c*0cnul rch3#ud!, ch*c )bh c <nsc0nh h < >cCccss/ dc sub sl" c< 4s >)cdhn ". 7(9& *n h s tc k!l!sc4ts dc pr!stsc6 C2. Br., &79: Crst, SS% &&. 7(97 pc ls"!h lus6 C2. Psld., 7A% ("B? >Nu *+s)undc ncbunulus du)+ ncbunsh lus% ch s+ nu c hsc0cns 4s u cu cl. R+s)undc ncbunulus du)+ ncbunsh lus% ch s+ nu sc c*chd+ <n3clc) <n bchss lus". 7(96 ss"plu d!!st!c6 C /b*bh dc )sclch 0+gh*ulus. 7(&& Glu"clc...? C2. Dssc., L@: Br., 5A%5'. 7(&7 Prsc4tc3lc *n t!sul l!r6 C2. )*b/c*bul >Lh bu*lh% dcDh*lh cuhndb 01s hg*hdh" ;Sbh*bs% >Glu0h )+*+sc4 c"b c<nd )lhcc 0hs 0ul "E. 7(7& C-pl!htch03s s0!*ndh6 C2. Dssc, @@S. 32$ BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS
dc ch*hc c*. Nscsbdh + nu"4s h *hg clbgss% )cn *u c+ dc ns0sc nu *hg: b ul sc ss)+/c4 c <n ncss)*h/+. Lh hl3ss /snc dsn nc*+bdh*c dc cugc % cusu* hl s)hnsblslb*% du)+ cu0 *+bdh*ch c /s* u ch bclgscnslb*. Hcc4 sh s<n gh h cu bh c% hccsh dhu gh h b ul: n+du4csc )<n+ cc"n/sng bbs hcblul 4s sc 0ul3u0csc s+"n/sng+: nu 4 su s+ duc+ lh ch)+ bun /sc b*sh? h*h + c+ )b % dh* nu /b*. Dh* dc2cc b c% dsn nc)u sn3+ shu dsn u4u*sn3+. Dhc+ luc*h*ch c bun+% dc cc n"b ss)*+/c4 sO s dhc+"s *ch% dc cc hs <ncc)u "bO S+"4s *+)un+% dh*% shghcclc /<nh ul% nu s+ sc dc.u02lc du)+ cc"& s <*nc4 c7. 7(6. Nu ks dct!t hulu!%. Hl c*nc.c )c*2sdsh 4h*)clus cu nc/snb/+3sh )b*u0bclulus. Ns0sc 0hs lcsnc dcc< s+ h0+gc4 s )c un b0 dc bsnc: c*cdc 0ul csnc nu 0sn c nscsbdh + 4s c h b <nc*c.+ b* csnc nu h0+gc4 c dclbc. B0ul nu c h0+gs b dchunh dc )*bs % cs uncb*s dc bun cc c. Dbu+ 2clu*s dc )c*sbhnc )*c/sn <n 0h*c 0+su*+ )hgubclc? )+3s3ss% nu0hs )c sbcb chlh lb*% 4s /sclcnss% nu0hs )c"h cclb*lhl3s. Ss c3s0ch s+ sc"h*h c% )*sn u*0h*c% lh 2cl dc cCcclcn + <n cs*cu0s)cc3sc ch /sclcnsh <n uncl s*c% 4s nu /bs s+ 2ss bun <n *"h < h% <nc< s+ dhs )*slcD hl ush s+ 2sc *+u: 2ss h0cs cc dc )b*u0bcl 4s dc 4h*)c? nu 0bns *u% cs )*bdsgsu. 7((. *n h s *ndht!rc0s%. T*hns2b*0+ unss hh <*ul cc ls sc 2hcc <n *"unus 2+cu dc cs% h4h <nc< )h*c% shu dhu cs dc <n3clcs% c+ 2hc b 2h/bh*c c<nd b )*s0csc. S<n bh0cns h < dc sscuss3s. <nc< bnb*ch.+ cc*<nd 4s"4s )*c2hc 2blbsul )*b)*su <n bnbh*c h ccluslhl : <n h4h 2cl scluscsc luc*u*slc% <nc< s+ )h*+ c+ ccslhl3s <4s )l+ csc b dh b*sc c<nd lc 2hc un dh*% *+s u*n<nd )*sn *"b cC *hb*dsnh*+ )bls sc+ b*dsnch <ndh b*+*ss: )un ccl )u3sn lh"ndbshl+ csnc cus 2hcc hh <*ul. Cu )*c3 dc lhudc cu0)+*+ cc"s 0hs bun% sh* dsn 2h) ul c+ h*h + gus )cn *u cc/h 2hc csns s*c 4s 0+guls*c: bblsg+ cu* cnsh% scb3<ndu"& dh b*nsc )c ccl c+*ush <s dh b*hu cs *ccunb4 sn3+. <n 2clul hccs h% schs0b+ bblsgh3sh dsn )hss/+ <n hc s/+% 0hs buns )bls scscns dcc< g*h0h scscns. Mh*c hbsls h ch lb*% dh* 0hs 0h*c"h* 2s s+ lc"b"n3clcgs% *cs hbslsnd lbcul )*bs scs% *cs s usndu"lc bnbh*ch 4s <nchs<ndu"4s 2scch*c )*b2s ul.
7(77 dup cc3% st*"c4tc6 C2. )*b/c*bul? >Unb lc/hn h lh ch.h% ! b *b lh 0h h" ;>Unul s <*nc4 c /<nh ul% 4s hl ul <l ucsdc"E. 7(6& Nu ks dct!t hulu!6 C2. Br., &6: Crst, S% &6: SSS% A. C2. Mht., &9%&A? >s b c )*udcn cs sscu sc*)cn cs c ss0)lsccs sscu cblu0bhc" ;>2s3s dh* <n3clc)3s ch 4c*)ss 4s bl<n.s ch )b*u0bcss"E: Psld., &9% '? >Ccl cc u0bl+ <n *u nc)*sh+ns*c u0bl+ )c chlc ssgu*+% sh* ccl cc u0bl+ )c c+s l+ u*hlnscc /h 2s dh dc gbl." 7(( *n h s *ndht!rc0s6 C2. B*% 77A% 76A: Crst, &%&6. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 67'
7(B. Cu#ct unc!rs hphrtc 4s dcphrtc dc "!dul ul#hr%6 db/hd+ dc su)c*sb*s h c h ch)hcs +3ss. Nu *cbusc s+"& )*c3usc4 s )c ccl cc nu 3s sc b)unc nscsbdh +% c+cs nu"s sc0n dc subs*c dc snc% cs dc ssnc: nu c l+sh h0+gs dc lsngu4s*c )l+ snd"b% cs cbndh0n<nd"b. Sh d*c) *c)u h3sc chsh* 4s 2h) ul dc"h 2s b<*2s dc unss% 0hs hlcs dc ccs
ch*c"s /b*bcsc dc *+u )c b3s ccs buns. <n *ss ch.+" c c<nd 2h) clc hlc s<n )c )lhcul u u*b*h% c+cs c sc0n c+ nu s<n bunc? )c*2cc3sunch c h )u3snb*h. 7(A. Nu dh nscs!dht shtsskhcsc cus n3! ccrc. s% chsh* cc*u +% c un sbs dc dclsc dhc+ c cCccss/+. H c scu.h <nhsn c dc /*c0c <nsch0n+ h c hcu.h&% sh* h l+sh s<ngc s+n+ bs 2ssnd <nsch0n+ h 2hcc cu bchsul *+ulus 4s *+u +3ss: scu.h hn scs)h + *c.c4 c sus)scsunch hdb*0s +. s cu0sn clc nscs s+ nu )h*+ cbn4 scn dc b+nushlh ccluslhl % c+cs <nsch0n+ s+ shs+"n <n <0)snh*ch b2cnscs: h uncs s+ chu c h s"b dc.0sn3s )*sn sn cg*s h ch cb0)b* +*ss shlc. 7(5. S+ 4tss cc h "hs "ult 4s s trsc4ts cc h "hs pusn%. Hl3ss g<ndcsc ds0)b *s/+. Mhs /hlb*bhs+ c bdshnh bun+ dcc< nc shnh7. Ns0sch nu"s hl nbs *u dcc< s0)ul6% <n ch*c *+sc4 c 4s csnc n"h*c lbc(. C b h < h nc2c*scs*c s+"3s s*bsc4 s /sh3h )*c3sbhs+ <n sh*csns /ulgh*c% ch 4s )*ch 0ul <n cclc subls0c: nu *cbusc s+ c lh4s cb/<*4s nscs dc bcu)h3ss% nscs dc sn/sdsc? <nsch0n+ s+ chlcs <n )scsbh*c /sh3h 4s s+ <n+bu4s cugc ul. Unss cC snd hs h 4s hsu)*h 4 ssn3cs% dh* nu *+sc4 s dhc+ nu 4 ss.
:.+Cu#ct unc!rs hphrtc...6 C2. Br., 78: Crst., SS% B. 7(A& h tc scu0h6 Cbn2b*0 unus /cchs h2b*ss0 Du*sdsc? >CCcush sb nbn )c s h 2s hccush sb 0hns2cs h" ;>Scu.h nccc*u + 2hcc hcu.h3sh /+ds +"E. C2. 4s )*b/c*bul? >Guscn )*cs b sc cCcush% dc sbs)cchh sc hcush" ;>Csnc su c sc scu.+ dc b+nushl+ sc hcu.+"E. 7(5& S 4tss cc h "hs "ult... Cs. Br., (% 5B% 8A%&5&%&5A%767: Crst, SS% (. 7(57 !dshnh... nctshnh6 <n b*sgsnhl? >Mhs /hlc cl bucn bcsb Fuc cl ncgbcsb"% c2. )*b/c*bul? >Mhs /hlc bscn hblgh* Fuc 0hl *hbhDh*" ;Cb**chs% >Mhs dc 2blbs c s+ c bdshnc4 s bsnc dcc< s+ 0uncc4 s )*bs "E. P*sn !ucn !cs! *cbusc <n3clcs *+gh.ul bsnc 2blbss )cn *u lcc u*+ 4s 0cds h3sc% !ts!sh scdulsths ;Hb*h3suE shu cu" ds#ns3thtc !tsu" ;Cscc*bE. #c.s RN"BM% ). (58% nb h 7. 7(56 ts"pul6 C2. Scncch% Scrss!rs, S% 6? >Tbh c% Lucslsu% nc s<n s *+snc% nu0hs s0)ul c hl nbs *u. Nh u*h nc"h *s0ss )c lu0c cu hcchs + ssngu*+ h/c*c% *cc+ bh*c 4s h0+gs bh*c% dsn ch*c b u4s nc scbh c csnc /*ch" ;cd. cs .% ). 6E. #hlbh*ch s0)ulus c dh +% 4s )cn *u s bscul Scncch% 4s )cn *u c*c4 snul G*hcs1n% dc 0+su*+ <n ch*c c bsnc 2blbss <n *u dcs+/<*4s*ch su2lc ulus. #c.s RN"BM% ). (58% nb h 6. 7(5( l!c6 <n b*sgsnhl% lu#hr., cu scnsul dc >s)h3su". BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 66&
7(8. Nu tc luh dup ults"ul%. S<n bh0cns hs ul s0cs )+*c*s% c+cs bb*+.nscsh u0bl+ )c lh cC *c0c. G<nds*ch 4s /*c*ch lc s<n dc cch*+? ul s0ul /cns <4s )unc )ccc ch 4s"s 4 c*gc )c ccslhl3s. Pc"hcc4 sh nu"s c<4 sgs nscsbdh +% )cn *u c+ lh 2cl dc lcsnc <s )sc*.s: 2scch*c <s /b)sc4 c <n culbh*ch lus. Nu"s buns dc cbn2sdcn3s% cb)ss bh + /sh3h: 4s hs 2cl% cu ncs h b*nscsc <n Dudcc+3s 4s ss03+0sn c% s<n 0c*cu 2luc uhn3s% 4chsb)s dc /bsn3+ 4s Dudcch +% <nclsn<ndu"sc bh <n *"b )h* c% bh"n hl h7. 7('. Nu3nccpc s trsc4ts pc undc trc!usc s sk*r4c4ts1 Unss shu bdshnh lh"ncc)u 4s lhs+ *udh )cn *u s2<*4s . <n <s ch + s+ 2sc cscn3shlul 4s"hbsh du)+% dhc+ *+0<nc lbc% hcccsb*sul. Hl3ss /b* s+ *su02c <nhsn c dc"h lu) h: unss <ncc) )*sn h 4 s b cc c 0hs )u3sn <nsc0nh % sh* s udsslc bnb*hbslc 4s 2blbss bh*c lc lhs+ )cn *u /*c0ch dc s2<*4s h /sc3ss? hl ul nscs n"h )*sns chchg% c+ sc 4s <n2u0u*ch.+. Mc bdh c cscn3shl+ ch s+ 4 ss 4s s+ )b3s *+s. 7B9. C*hd trc!usc s cu *ntc0s pc d!sM% C<nd ns sc /b*bc4 c cu g<nd *+u. Cu unss b ul *cbusc s+ 0ch*g+ <n *+s)+*? dh"ul c nu 4s nu"ul c dh. B<*2s*ch unus luc*u *ccc d*c) )*c3us*c h lus% 2ssndc+ csnc"& /*ch )cn *u ssnc <l dssc*cds ch.+ )cn *u ccslhl3s. H l+udh nu <nsch0n+ b dchunh h /b*bs dc bsnc% c+cs unss% ch s+ nu"s lhudc )c ccs buns% <s lhud+ 4s )c ccs *+s: sh* )cn *u csnc ns0cns nu c *+u% ns0cns nu /h 2s nscs bun7. 7B&. Trc!usc s rccur#s lh "s7l!hcclc !"cnc4ts ch 4s cu" n3hr c-ssth 4s ds snc, 4s lh cclc ds snc ch 4s cu" n3hr c-ssth !"cnc4ts6 *cgul+ dc 0h*c 0hcs *u&% nu c dc hd+ugh nscs un cb0cn h*su.
7(8& Ms c luh dup ults"ul6 C2. Br., 775: Crst., SSS% A. 7(87 bh *ntr3! phrtc, !h3n hlth6 C2. )*b/c*bul lh sncsc? >P*udcn ss cs 0u h*c cbnsslsu0: s ul us sscu lunh 0u h u*". 7('& Nu3nccpc s trsc4ts...6 C2. Dssc% @@#: Crst., SSS% &7: c2. 4s Scncch% Scrss!rs, @L#SSS? >Chsh* dhc+ h0 0hs h/ch 0ul s0) dc *+s % h* *cbus s+"& chcl us0 cu g*sD+% ch s+ nc"hDung+ )cn *u cc cs c ncccsh*. Dh* h4h% nu"s bh*c b ncbunsc s+ <n/+3+0 cc"s dc )*ssbs% c<nd 0hs h/c0 h < h dc )u3snO" ;Cd. cs .% ). &&8.E 7B9 ...s cu *ntc0s pc d!s6 Ck. Br., &6: C**.% S% 5: SSS. 6. 7B97 ...nscs !un6 C2. Mh*3shl% Cps#rh"c, @SS% 8&. 7? >Cus 0hlb cs nc0b% Fuss bbnus cssc )b cs O" ;>Csnc )bh c 2s bun% dhc+ )cn *u cl ns0cns nu c *+uO"E. 7B& rc#ul dc "hrc "hcstru6 Sdcch sns3shl+ h2lh + lh bh.h hccs us c)sg*h2 su2scscn ssc4s )*b/snc dsn Sgnhcsb dc Lb!blh. Sn >Rh sb Fuh0 sn gubc*nhndb cncbh Sgnh sus"% )b *s/s )+*. Rsbhdcnc!*h% sc )bh c cs s? >Cn lhs cbsh4 dcl sc*/scsb dc N. S.% ushbh dc bdbs lbs 0cdsbs hu0hnbs cb0b ss dc cllbs dc)cndsc*h cl bucn succsb: ! dc hl 0hnc*h cbn2shbh cn Dsbs% cb0b ss bdbs lbs 0cdsbs hu0hnbs nb
7B7. Nscs t!t hl tu, nscs t!t hl su%6 c b s*hnsc /ulgh*+. Dsn /bsn3h dc"h 2s b hl +u dccu*gc nu0hsdcc< /bsn3h ch bh c luc*u*slc s+ 2sc )cn *u snc. Bh0cnss hcc4 sh nu 4 su s+ ccdc.c nscs <n ccl 0hs 0sc luc*u% nscs s+ )sh*d+ /*cb 2+*<0+ dsn cb0bds h ch lb*: s<n )u3sn <ndh b*s b*s% sc"nc*cd <n sbh* h lb* 4s sc *c.csc ls)ss3s dc *ch.c0. C bsnc uncb*s s+ 2ss hl hl b*h )cn *u ch 4s ccslhl3s s+ 2sc hs +s: 4s csnc h*c sluDb+ bb4 chsc+ *cbusc s+ 2sc sclh/ bb4 csc shu s rcnunc lh shrcsn ! dht cu shrcsnslc cs, <s /h s)unc lus Hhd*shn b+ *<nh7. Hl3ss% ds0)b *s/+% s<n )c dc"h"n *cgul hs cclb*lhl3s% c+cs )*bs sh chdc b dchunh <n cCccsc% sh* hscs% <n *"unus nc2c*scs : nu hu .s% nscs chsh* cchs hl lb*% cu h < h nc0+su*+ hs hl b*h% <nc< unush s s"h .ss ccl hl tutur!rh6 lh 2cl cu sn clcc ul% 4 su )cn *u b3s% 4s )cn *u cs sgnb*+. H cn ul )*scch)+ c+ ns0cns nu"& chu + )c cl% cs )*b)*sul sn c*cs <n cl shu )*sn cl.
2uc*hn dc hlgun c2cc b" $M!nu"cnth, Sc*sc S#% Scrspth dc S. S#nhcs!, S% Mhd*sd% &'9(% ch). #S% ). (AA% h)udLbuss S snglhh0bc*% S. L% >G*hcs1n c lh Cb0)hgnsc dc Jcsus"% Hssphnsc Rc sc@, @@SS% 6% sulsc &'B(% )). &'B"795E. Kb*0h cch 0hs /cchc h hccs cs *c2lcc3ss sc g+sc4 c <n Dsdh dc Shn S#nhcs!, dc P. Rsbhdcnc!*h? ><n luc*u*slc cc lc"n *c)*sndch<n sluDbh Db0nulus Nbs *u% sc 2blbsch dc bh c 0sDlbhcclc b0cnc4 s ch s+ lc duc+ lh bun s2<*4s % cu h < h g*sD+ 4s c2schcs h c% dc )h*c+ nu0hs dc clc h* 2s dc)sns bunul dc.nbd+0<n : 4s <4s )unch <n *"h < h n+dcDdch <n Du0nc.cu 4s sbcb ch c+ h <*n+ nu0hs dc ds/snh sh P*b/sdcn3+% dc )h*c+ bh c cclclhl c 0sDlbhcc b0cnc4 s lh ch*c h)clh n"h* 2s 2bs dc nscs un 2blbs." Schb)cnhhuc*% 0h*c hd0s*h b* hl hccs cs 0hCs0c% b cbnssdc*h d*c) >*cgulh dc <n3clc)csunc h <n *cgulus Brhc!l, *cgul+ )*hc sc+% dc h4<ndu"sc dsn *c bh c cclc *cs su c dc h2b*ss0c ch*c b <nchd*ch.+% 2+*+ h 4 s <ns+ c+"s h)h*3snc s2<n ulus Sgnh3su" ;K*hncsscb Mhldbnhdb dc Guc/h*h% L! kscts ! 9 S! hntskscts ! cn cl pcnsh"scnt! dc Shn S#nhcs!, 9 !tr!s cstuds!s,
Uns/c*ssdhd dc G*hnhdh% Cbl. KslblAgsch% #SS% &'B(% )).(&=A&E. Tu*nh*ch hccs cs cugc +*s <n *"un chshs0 )c*2cc <s h)h*3snc <ns+ lus G*hcs1n% dc4s Mhldbnhdb dc Guc/h*h hnun3h h)h*s3sh unus s udsu dc Pcd*b Shsn. Rbd*sguc. ch*c dc0bns *h c+ b*sgsnch hccs us chshs0 c dc c+u h <n C*hs0us. Nu dss)unc0 dc hl c dh c <n hccs scns. #c.s HH"BG. BC% )). 7&8"7&': BP"BG. BC% ). (7'. H2b*ss0ul ns sc )h*c 2undh0cn hl 4s )cn *u <n3clcgc*ch b)c*cs lus G*hcs1n% <n )c*2cc h cs uns h c% )us+ lh <ndbshl+ )<n+ hcu0. #c.s sn *bducc*ch nbhs *+% )). 7&"78. :+:lNscs t!t hl tu, nscs t!t hl su6 Cu hl c cu/sn c% nu 2s cCccss/ cgbss % dh* nscs 2+*+ 0+su*+ dcdsch hl b*h. C2. Br., B% 67%&BA%&85%&8'%7B7% 7A9%78(% 78A: Crst, SS% &7. 7B77 Hhdrshn6 Nu c /b*bh dc <0)+*h ul Hhd*shn% dh* nscs dc Ksls) hl Mhccdbnscs% cu0 sus3snc Rb0c*h Nh/h**F ;RN"BM% ). (8AE cs% c*cdc0% dc Dc0c nbs Pblsb*cc cs ;c. 66A"786 <. C*.E. #c.s Plu h*h% Dscs phrhlclc, cd. cs .% /bs S#% >Dc0c *sbs"% (7%7? >Bdh + b 2c0csc &"h ulbu*h 0c*cu )c d*u0% *ug<ndu"& dc 0ul c b*s s+ 2sc hscul h +% dh* cu0 Dc0c *sbs h s)us c+ n"h*c s0)% 2c0csh h s *sgh ? LH uncs nu 0hs 2s *cgcM." 332 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS
7B6. Nu3s c-prs"h prch ls"pcdc c!nccptul%. Ccs 0hs 0ul3s nu )*c3uscsc ccch cc <n3clcg 4s /cnc*ch.+ ccch cc nu )*scc). Luc*u*slc% ch s+ 2sc )*c3us c% *cbusc s+ cbs c7? /cs 2s )*bsl+/s c<nd nu /cs 2s <n3clcs. <n b dchunh *cbusc s+ c h*+3s% dc d*hgul b)snscs% 0hs <n3clc) 4s 0hs )*udcn dcc< 3s"b cc*c sn c*lbcu b*ul% dh* 0hs bsnc cu 0+su*+ dcc< cu cCccs. s chsh* dhc+ )cn *u )*scc)u3s c*csc*ul c dc 0h*c /hlbh*c <n bh c% )cn *u ccs 0hs 0ul3s c ncccsh*+ <n+l3h*ch: nu *cbusc s+ lc lh4s lbc dc ccn.u*+% bcu)<ndu"s cu <n3clcgc*ch. Lhud+ 0ul3s ccch cc% <n *cbh3s% nu 4 su s+ Dus s2scc% 2ssndc+ /cnc*ch.+ ch )c un 0ss c* b cc"s hscuns 4s"& )*bsl+/csc )cn *u c+ hud c+"s )*bsl+/s . 7B(. Nu "sns"hls0h rul ch kssnd pusn%6 c+cs nu /snc nscsbdh + unul ssngu*: *clclc sc 3sn lhn3% ch 4s 2c*scs*slc. Nb*bcul 4s ncnb*bcul *hg dc bbsccs undc 0hs s<n 7% 4s"h4h sc 2hcc c+ b3s 2ug dc ncnb*bcs 4s sc hgh3+ dc nb*bcbs: )<n+ 4s )b*u0bs3clc% cu bh + ss0)ls h ch lb*% dhu 2ugh )c dbnDbnul ccl 0hs hlb. Dc bh c ducc ls)s+ nc2c*scs ul% dc ssnc <nsu4s% dc *h3sunc 4s dc 0<ng<sc*c. Nu *cbusc s+ *c.c4 s ncnb*bcul c<nd dbh*0c 6. Pu3sn luc*u c"b hluncch*c% u*0ch.+ <ns+ )*+bu4s*ch 2h hl+% ch*c nu 4 s0 undc sc /h b)*s% c+cs h4h cu0 nscs un bsnc n" h 2bs dc b <0)lsns % lh 2cl nscs un *+u dc b ss)*+/s . Pcn *u cc /snc dsn cc* c *+bdh*ch% )cn *u cc dc )c )+0<n % )*udcn3h. 7BB. *n h s khcs !sssclc%6 c< c )u3sn 4s dcs. Nscsbdh + <ndh b*h*ch nu *cbusc s+ dc)+4chsc+ )bssbsls h ch: csnc d+ 0ul nu d+% cs /sndc7. Nu *cbusc s+ ss b/c4 s *ccunb4 sn3h% ch*c% /+.<ndu"sc )h*hls.h +% /h *u)c cb*cs)undc*ch. Pc 0ul3s% ch s+"s )sc*.s% nu"s nc/bsc
7B6...c!nccptul. C2. Cr., #: Hsc% #SS: Br., &B7% 7&A: Crst., SS% B. C2. 4s Thcs % H#rsc!lh, 69%&6? >b0nc sgnb u0 )*b 0hgns2scb cs " ;>b*scc cs c nccunbscu *ccc d c) 0+*c3"E. #c.s 4s 2snhlul h2b*ss0ulus. 7B67 trc!usc s c!stc6 #c.s )*b/c*bul >Lb Fuc )bcb cucs h% )bcb sc )*ccsh" ;Cb**chs% >Cc cbs + )u3sn )u3sn c )*c3us "E. 7B( Nu "sns"hls0h rul...? C2. B*.% 6&: Crst, &%&%(. 7B(7 undc "hs s*nt6 C2. )*b/c*bul? >Hdbndc /hs% 0hlO Hd1ndc 0hs hh!" ;Hc01n Nunc.% >Undc c ducs% ncnb*bcs*cO Undc 0hs s<n 4s hl clc"E. 7B(6 d!hr"c6 C2. Publslsus S!*us% Scntcntshc, B'8? >Nbn cs 0b/cndu0 bcnc cbnsb)s u0 0hlu0" ;>Nu *cbusc s <*ns un *1u bsnc hdb*0s "E 4s )*b/c*bul? >Cuhndb lh 0hlh /cn u*h sc duc*0c% nhdsc lh dcs)sc* c" ;>C<nd sbh* h *ch hdbh*0c% ns0cns s+ n"b *c.chsc+"E. 7BB *n h s khcs !snclc6 C2. Br., B%&(&% 7B6. 7BB7 nu d, cs sndc6 C2. )*b/c*bul? >Guscn dh% bscn /cndc% ss nb cs nccsb Fuscn )*cndc" ;Hc01n Nunc.% >Csnc d+ /sndc bsnc% dhc+ nu"s )*bs csnc )*s0c4 c"E. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 333
dcc< s+"s <ndh b*c.s )cs c 0+su*+: ch s+ nu )l+ chsc+% sc *c *hg% 4s% dsn <ndh b*h3s% <3s hDung du40hns 6. Sdblul n" h* /*ch s+"& /hd+"n 2h3+ )c scul) b*ul ch*c &"h 2+u*s % nscs <ndh b*h ul )c bsnc2+c+ b*ul s+u% <n bchs. Mh*c sub sls h c h d+*us*ss(% s+ cbs c )u3sn 4s s+ 2sc db*s + 0ul % ch s+ 2sc 4s 0hs 0ul )*c3us +. 7BA. 1ss "crcu *n #hrd%6 cbn *h b+d+*hnslb*% <nc+)+3<nh3slb*% <ng<02h3slb* 4s u u*b* sbsu*slb* dc )*b4 s. Undc )us c+ s<n 0ul3s% 4s cu0sn3cnsh c s+ nu c )us cu cs. Zslnsc <nh*0ch.+" c cu g<ndu*s 2c*0c <n bglsndh h cn3scs hlc% 4s hs 2cl /cs bs*us hnhnghsslc )*bs scs: chsb.usc4 c cu luh*c"h0sn c 4s nu"3s /cs cC)unc *c)u h3sh unb* *sscu*s /ulgh*c? b+*bh ul )us <n gh*d+ dc cu0sn3cnsc nu /h 2s dbbb*< dc bb*+.nscsc. D*u0ul *clh3sslb* b0cnc4 s c hnc/bsbs% 2ssnd )lsn dc s <ncs hlc dssc*cds +*ss: bcbls*ch lb* <nsch0n+ ssgu*hn3+% cbnsul <ndu"& )c Ulssc <n sscussn3+. Dc 0h*c /hlbh*c c"hscs cschs/h sub sl+: 0hs )*csus dc b*scc% sh"b )*sn 2slb s0sc% c+cs c scu* + u*h unsc+ dsn <ncu*c+ u*s. 7B5. Nu h7un#c nscs!dht lh ruptur6 c+cs dsn ch *c)u h3sh scsc b dchunh 4 s*bs +. B*scsnc c bun dc du40hn% nu 4s dc )*sc cn: )u3sns )b 2hcc bsnc% dh* h)*bh)c b3s *+u. #ul u*ul nu g+sc4 c cusb ssgu* nscs chsh* <n s<nul lus Su)s c* dsn .suh c<nd sc cch* + cu un sch*hbcu&? cu ghch*h cclus 2+3s4 h3<3+ 2bcul dsss0ulh3ss% ch*c hbsh h4 c) hu )*slcDul. Dsn h0scss <n*+s3s scs ccs 0hs <n/c*4unh3s snh0scs: 3s"& <ng*cush.+ cu dc2cc clc hl b*h )c ccl )*b)*su 4s )*c2c*h dc snc. Dsn *c ccs cc )*s/csc% 2scch*c /b*bc4 c cu0 ss0 c 4s ss0 c cu0 db*c4 c% bs<ndsndu" s )c b3s% 2sc )cn *u ls)s+ dc )*c/cdc*c% lh <ncc)u % 2sc dc *+bdh*c% lh s2<*4s % 4s dc cu0sn3cnsc% b dchunh. Dhc+ sc)h*h*ch c snc/s hbsl+% s+ 2sc su)b* hbsl+? 0hs bsnc cu *+cs*ch )*c2c*sn3cs dcc< cu /sblcn3h 2u*scs. s hscs /snc bsnc .schlh cu b *c *hgc*c 2*u0bhs+7.
7BB6 *s h7un# du4"hnss6 C2. Thcs % Hnhlc, S#% &8? >Sc*/scsslc s<n <ns+ bsnc/cns c nu0hs h < c< lc )u c0 *+s)l+ s: c<nd *cc )cs c )u c*slc nbhs *c% <n lbc dc *ccunb4 sn3+% lc *+s)l+ s0 cu u*+ ; *hd. C. Lb/sncscuE. 7BB( su!tslsthtc h drusrss6 C2. B/sdsu% H"!rcs, S% #SSS% A7? >C*cdc 0shs% *cs cs sngcnsbsh dh*c" ;>C*cdc"0+% cs c cu duh ccl ch*c 4 sc s+ dch"% *hd. dc M."#. Pc *cscuE. 7BA& 1ss "crcu *n #hrd6 C2. Dssc., S#% @S#% Br., 68. 8': Crst., &%&&. 7B5 Dultur... schrh!cu... Hlu.sc lh 2hbulh lus Csb)% Dulturul 4s schrh!cul, (% cd. cs .% ). 77. Lh 2cl 4s >ghch*h cclus 2+3s4"% hdsc+ h
du40hnulus dcclh*h % ch*c h3<3+ 2bcul 0<nscs h4h cu0 ghch*clc <ns<ngc*h c hlc /ul u*ulus hu s <*ns db*sn3h dc *+.bunh*c h sch*hbculus. C2. Dssc% @SS: Br. 68%&A&%7&5: Crst., &&&%A. 7B57 ! rctrh#crc kru"!hs6 C2. Cr., @S: Br., 68. 334 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNTCS
7B8. Chut pc csnc h s3s h7utc h sup!rth nckcrscsrslc %. Nu 2s nscsbdh + ssngu*% 4s 0hs )u3sn lh )*s0cDdss% c+cs h* <nsc0nh s+ c <0)b/+*c.s cu bh + u*h: unss g<ndcsc s+"4s hsu0c su)*c0h *+s)undc*c 4s sc"hlcg cu bh + clc/c s*ch. Hs 2cl /cs h/ch )c csnc/h ch*c s+ c dsscul)c shu s+ c hDu c s+ su)b*3s *+ul. Pc dbs sn4s nu"s h hc+ h < dc lcsnc nscs sbh* h% nscs /ulgul% 4s bc0hs dc"hccch 0cdscul sscuss % chsh* dhc+ h g*c4s *h h0cn ul% nu g*c4c4 c c+u" <nd )c csnc/h ch*c% cu s lu dc cbnsul % s+"s hDu c s+ )bh* c ssc*sul? <0)h* +"sc )b/h*h )hsulus 4s"h )+sulus7% c+cs ncnb*bcs*ch dc unul ssngu* dc/snc <ndbs sn blc*hbsl+. 7B'. Prc*nt*"psn 7s#nsrslc 4s kh dsn clc kh !rurs%. Mhs 0h*c sscussn3+ c s+ lc c/s3s dcc< s+ lc *+.buns. C"b 0h*c dsb+csc s+"3s 2hcs cbn2sdcn dsn ccl cc c*h gh h s+"3s 2sc *s/hl% s+ )*cschs0bs <n hd+)bs u*s hlc *c)u h3scs hlc )c ccs cc"b h0cnsn3hu cu s*u*slc. Dc 0h*c )*c3 c s+ 4 ss h"ndh b*h? <s *+)c4 c b2cnscs s0)ul csnc s &"h bcu)h cu *ccunb4 sn3h. s <nsch0n+ h 4 s s+ *+sc4 s c<nd cbn/c* c4 s <n )l+cc*c ccch cc c*h s+ 2sc du*c*c. K+ )*ssn3+ chsh* dsn *chuh"/bsn3+. 7A9. Nu cs ks 4s nu cs s!c!ts pc ns"cns dct!t hl tu%. Nu s<n su2scscn c nscs s<ngclc% nscs )*sc cnsh% nscs bblsgh3sh cch 0hs )*cshn +% c+cs c b 0h*c dcbscbs*c h"3s <nc*cdsn3h cugc ul shu /bsn3h7. s cch 0hs s *<ns+ uns*c hd0s c b cCcc)3sc: )*sn hcchs h nu s<n b2cnsh c lcgslc h2cc3sunss. P*sc cnul <4s *c.c*/+ b dchunh b hsn+ )cn *u ssnc% 4s <nsu4s 2sul sc 2c*c4 c bh*ccu0 dc )+*sn clc s+u: unclc luc*u*s lc +snus0 unb*h 4s lc"0)+* +4s0 hl b*h% 4s ds0)b *s/+% d*c) ch*c hDungs s+ hcb*.s b 4s s+ *c2u.s b % dss sng<nd ls0s clc cb*cs)bndcn3cs 6.
7B8& Chutpccsnc h...6 C2. B*.% &B% A7%&('%&B8%7B7: CrsL, SS%:. 7B87 p! hrh phsulus 4s3h psulus6 Cchs/hl+0 Dbcul dc cu/sn c dsn b*sgsnhl? >*c)1* csc cl )csb ! cl )csh*". 7B'& Prc*ht*"psn 7s#nsrslc...6 C2. Br., A6%&6&%77A%7((. 7A9 Nu cs ks...6 C2. Br., 765% 7B7: CrsL, SS% &. Kb*0ulh*ch dsn c)sg*h2 cs c cls) sc+% /s<nd s+ s)un+ ch nscs u s+ nu h)hs3ss hl ush <n <n *cgs0c% dh* nscs s+ nu c*c.s c+ hl ul Ksulus 4s 2c0css% 2*h clus 4s )*sc cnulus% <n /sh3h h% s+ nu lc dhs )u c*c hsu)*h h": Scncch% Scrss!rs, SSS. 7A96 ls"stclc c!rcsp!ndcncs6 Hdsc+ sdcn s2sc<ndu"s )c ccs cc cb*cs)und sn/cs s3scs hlc dc <nc*cdc*c. C2. Ssr., &'% 8? >C+ *c )*sc cn 4s c+ *c /*+D0h4 nu )b/cs s% 4s% dc nu cs c )+ch % nu"& dcscb)c*s". BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 66B
7A&. Nu pcrsc crh *n pr!stsc%. Unss <4s 2hc bblsgh3sc dsn c*bh*c 4s% )cn *u c+ hu <ncc)u )*sn h g*c4s% )c*sc/c*h*ch ls sc )h*c c+ c s h b*nscsc: <n 2b*ul lb* l+un *sc <4s hcu.+ *+ +cs*ch% dh* <n ccl )ublsc 4s"b scu.+% d*c) ch*c% dhc+ <n cls)h c<nd hu <ncc)u )*bs sh hu 2bs hCh3s dc ncsbcb s3s% c<nd )c*sc/c*ch.+"n ch s<n cbn2s*0h3s d*c) )*b4 s. Nscs 2+g+dushlh ncs+bus +% nscs hb +*<*ch g*c4s + nu c*cch.+ bblsgh3ss. Hs 2cl <4s duc unss 0hs dc)h* c )*s0h ncghsbbsc 4s"4s )bh* + <nhsn c )u3sn+ h ch? /b* s+ 2sc s0)c* sncn3s s h b*nscs. 7A7. *n h s uss%? c 0hs 0ul nb*bc dcc< h* +7. Luc*u*slc cclc 0hs /*cdnscc dc us h*c s<n cclc 0hs h0sn s c. Mc0b*sh nu c dbh* b+d+*hn+% ls)ssnd c<nd nc cs c 0hs dc *cbusn3+% cs 4s )*bhs +% d<nd 2ugh c<nd n"h* 2s ch.ul? <n b cc hducc ncch. c )cdhn +% 4s"n b cc"h* 2s s"hduc+ bucu*sc cs c ncglsDcn +. Lchcul su2c*sn3cs c uncb*s us h*ch% dh* us +0 lchcul6. Sc chdc% h4hdh*% s"b dc)*sndc0( cu bbsccsu*s h < dc cb0bdc% )cn *u c+ ch ssngu*+ nc d+ 2c*scs*c shu shd. CCcc)3sc 2hc 0ul3u0s3ss% ch*c <n s h*ch lb* dc snbccn3+ <4s sh/u*ch.+ 2c*scs*ch <0)+. 7A6. Multc lucrurs h#rch!slc nu trc!usc s lc p!sc0s pcrs!nhl%. Lc sh/u*c.s 0hs 0ul s *+snc dcc< )*b)*ss: <n )*s0h .s% cc"s bun%
7A& Nu pcrsc crh *n pr!stsc6 C2. Br., 7&(: Cscc*b% 1slspscc, @SS% 7? >Cusususs hb0snss cs c**h*c: nullsus nsss snss)scn ss sn c**b*c )c*sc/c*h*c" ;>B*sc+*us b0 <s c dh s+ g*c4chsc+% dh* nu0hs nc<n3clc) ulus s+ )c*sc/c*c.c <n g*c4chl+"E. 7A7& In h s uss6 C2. Br., &95. 7A77 "hs "ult n!r!c dcc*t hrt6 C2. Cscc*b% Dcsprc suprc"ul !snc 4s suprc"ul ru, SS% &9(? >C<nd Ss0bnsdcs shu hl csnc/h <4s cC)unch h* h h0sn s*ss% Tc0ss bclc s)unch? LH4 )*c2c*h h* h us +*ss% c+cs <0s h0sn csc 4s ccch cc nu /*chu s+"0s h0sn csc 4s nu )b us h ccch cc /*chu s+ us M" ; *hd. dc Gh. Cchu4cscuE. 7A76 ...ust" lchcul6 Pcn *u sdcch c+ lchcul su2c*sn3clb* c us h*ch% c2. )*b/c*bul? %JLb Fuc nb scnc *c0cdsb% bl/sdh*lb cs Sb 0cDb*" ;Sbh*bs% >Ccch cc nu h*c lchc c 0hs bsnc"h"& dh us +*ss"E: 4s Scncch% Scrss!rs, @CS#? >Snsu*sh0 *c0cdsu0 cs bbls/sb"% cs h ch /c*s dsn Publslsus S!*us% Ms"s, 7B9? >Lchcul snsul clb* cs c us h*ch" ;cd. cs .% ). 6(& 4s nb h (99E. C< dcs)*c >us h*ch lchculus"% G*hcs1n <nsu4s *s0s c lh su*s+? >Lb)c dc #cgh h s)us? >C+cs c*h us h*ch lchcul% <ns+ lchcul l"h0 us h "% cs h <n Hrtc dc sn#cns!, @@@@% Mhd*sd% &A(7% *ccds h + <n HH"BG. BC% ). &76Bh. #c*su*slc lus Lb)c dc #cgh ;>Guc c*h cl *c0cdsb bl/sdh*% ! bl/sdA"sc0c cl *c0cdsb"E s<n dsn Lh sllhnh dc Gcthkc, S ;Hchd.% sc*sc nbu+% . @% ). 659bE. Sc )h*c c+ MhCs0c Chc/hlsc* nu h cunbscu hcchs + *s0s c*c h lus G*hcs1n% *csdcn s2sc<nd cl <nsu4s su*sh h2s*0h3scs dsn Br., 7A7 ;>G*hcs1n ! lh *hdscsAn b*hl"% Hssphnsc Rc sc@, ((% &'5A% ). 6BBE% dc4s ch cCss h 4s <n RN"BM% ). B9A% nb hS. #c.s 4s HH"BG. BC% ). 777h% nb h &. 7A7( s3! dcsprsndc"6 Sc *c2c*+ lh >0c0b*sc". 7A6& Multc lucrurs h#rch!slc...6 C2. Lsc.% @@#: Br., 5(: CrsL, S% 7. 66A BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNTCS
)cn *u s +)<n% <n *cs % )cn *u s *+sns. Luc*u*slc hl b*h s<n sh/u*h c cu <ndbs + dclcc h*c% hdsc+ 2+*+ ch0h )hgubcs 4s cu )l+cc*ch nbu +3ss. Ls)sh 2hcc b ul 0hs gus bs? )<n+ 4s h)h /ccsnulus 3s"b <nchs)us ncc h* 7. Pbscssunch luc*u*slb*% )c l<ng+ 2h) ul c+ 0sc4b*ch.+ dclcc h*ch% s)b*c4 c su)+*h*ch% h < ch s+ lc dhs% c< 4s s+ nu lc dhs cu <0)*u0u : n"hs hl 2blbs dcc< c+ lc )+s *c.s )cn *u hl3ss% 4s 0hs nu0c*b4s s<n du40hnss cc 3s"s ch)c3s dcc< *ccunbsc+ b*ss.
7A(. Nu h/ch 0slc dc dclshrc%. Sb*3ss <s )lhcc s+ )bcnchsc+ *cnghsu*s% bulucsnd bh c )*slcDu*slc ch s+ c sh )*sn su*)*sndc*c. Sngcnsb.s h ch% cu0sn3cnsh 4s cu*hDul% )<n+ 4s 2*u0usc3ch% *cbusc s+"3s 2sc )u*u*s gh h dc <ncc*ch*c% hl 0sn c*s .suh <nc*cdc*ss <3s /h 2s cch h dssc*cds +*ss: g*sDh% c<nd h 2bs 0hs dc *cbusn3+% h ls)ss b dchunh% c+cs 2h) ul dc h nu c 2s g<nds c hb)ul )scs*ss. Dc bbsccs% s *h hgc0h h cn3scs cclb*lhl3s c s+"3s su*)*snd+ )c*2cc3sunslc )c nc)*cg+ s c% )cn *u cCh0cnul *sgu*bs hl h)*ccsc*ss: .slclc dc bs cn h3sc s<n 4 su c% 4s /sclcnsh lc sh*c% dh* bc0hs .suh lh ch*c c h4 c) hs 0hs )u3sn 4s"b hlcgc )cn *u )*bbh*ch /hlb*ss. 7AB. *n h s3s s!lscss pc su!hltcrns%6 B sblscs h*c s/s + lh s0) s"h 2+cu )c 0ul3s )c*sbhnc% h4h cu0 un )c*scbl dc <ncc scbh c <nb + b*s. Mul3s 4s"hu dcscb)c*s hs 2cl cu*hDul 4s chsh* 4 ssn3h% ch*c hl 0sn c*s lc"h* 2s *+0hs <ng*b)h c <n s2sscsunc% dhc+ nu ls s"h* 2s b2c*s )*slcDul. Hnhnghsslc s<n bch.ss dc *c)u h3sc% 4s nbbslul% )us <n ss uh3ss c*s scc )cn *u bnbh*c% hc3sbnch.+ c< b 0sc. Ch blsch *cgsn+ Sshbclh 7 h cunbscu c0sncn hcchs + lcc3sc h sblscs +*ss% ch 4s )c bh c cclclhl c% 4s bc0hs hccs us hh <* )bls sc s"h dh b*h Mh*clc C+)s hn *cnu0clc s+u% 4s 0ul3s hl3ss 2hs0h lb* /c4nsc+? h 2+cu 0h*s bh0cns cu hcchs + sub sls h c.
7A67 h)h ccsnulus6 C2. )*b/c*bul? >Lb hDcnb ssc0)*c shbc h bucnb" ;Rbd*<"guc. Mh*sn% >Cc"s s *+sn h*c b dchunh gus bun"E shu >Cs 01s shb*bsh lh 2*u h dcl cc*chdb hDcnb Fuc dcl )*b)sb" ;Sbh*bs% >C 0hs gus bs 2*uc ul dc du)+ gh*dul hl ush dcc< dc du)+ hl +u"E% cu cchs/hlcn3c uns/c*shlc% dcssgu*% ch )*b/c*bul nbs *u h*hscunbscu ? >G+snh /ccsnulus c 0hs bun+". C2. 4s Psld, '% &5? >H)h 2u*h + c 0hs )l+cu + 4s )<snch 0<nch + )c 2u*s4 h*c gus 0hs bun". 7A( Nu h ch 0slc dc dclshrc6 C2. Dssc., @SSS: Hsc., @@#SS: B*.% 65: Crst., &%(. 7AB ...su!hltcrns6 C2. Cr., S#: Dssc, @#: Hsc., @#SS. 7AB7 Ssh!clh6 Nu0s + hs 2cl nu0hs hscs 4s <n Hsc.% @@@SSS. <n *cs % b sn/bc+ 2sc ch )c >Rcgsnh Ch blsc+"% 2sc b nu0c4 c Ssh!cl, ch 0hDb*s h ch cbn c0)b*hnslb* cs. #c.s RN"BM% ). B&7% nb h &7. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 337
7AA. Nu Urhu dc prch !un%. H4h c csnc nu sc su)+*+ nscsbdh +: ncss03s b*ss nu s<n 0hs dclbc )c*sbhnc. Nu /snc dbh* dsn sndblcn3+% cs dsn snch)hcs h c. Un ss03+0<n lh s0)ul s+u c un hc )c*sbnhl. P+s+*slc 2hc *c)cdc hh. dc h*+ +*slc s)c*sc b*slb*. Hl c*nh*ch hc*ulus cu dulcclc c db/hd+ dc bun"gus ? dulcch3h ssngu*+ c )cn *u cb)ss 4s )*b4 s. Mh*c ncnb*bcs*c c s+ c )sc*.s dc )*ch bun <n hccs sbs dc snscnssbsls h c. 7A5. Cu sntc dc "thsc, cu !l*ndcc dc chrhctcr%. S+gc3slc s *+)ung *u)ul% dh* /b*bclc *clc su2lc ul. B cbc+ bun+ 2hcc s+ 0s*bhs+ bsnc gu*h? 0h*c sub sls h c h /sc3ss c 4 ssn3h dc"h /sndc hc*ul. Mhs b sc )l+ c4 c cu /b*bc% 4s /b*bclc s<n dc"hDuns ch s+ 2hc+ )bssbsl s0)bssbslul: <n hc* 2hcs ncgb3 cu hc*% 4s cu/<n ul unus su/c*hn s)b*c4 c h/<n ul. S+ hs 0c*cu gu*h )lsn+ dc .hh+* ch s+"ndulcc4 s /b*bc% c+cs lc )lhc 4s du40hnslb*. MsDlbcul unsc dc"h 2s hg*chbsl c s+ 2ss dclcc hbsl. 7A8. Cu"sntclc khc lh *nccput ccch cc pr!stul lh sk*r4st%. s unul% 4s hl ul hc3sbnch.+ lh 2cl: sc dcbscbcsc nu0hs ch s0)% hcclh lh /*c0ch )b *s/s +% sh* hccs h hnh)bdh. Csnc 4s"h <0b*+ch dc lh <ncc)u 0sn ch )c dbs u0bl+ 4s 0hs dc)h* c h4h: chlc+"n )scsbh*c ccch cc h* 2s *cbus s+ nu"s shs+ dsn ch) 7% 2hcc s <ngh dsn d*ch) h% 4s dc"hccc1 c"h < dc s <nghcs <n bh + )u* h*ch sh: dbh* b c+dc*c c bun+% )c g<ndu*s. Khc dc nc/bsc cc h* 2s )u u 2hcc dc /bsc. Dh* dsscc*n+ b*ul /cdc nu0hsdcc< cc *cbusc 2+cu <*.su shu dc/*c0c% 4s"b <ndc)lsnc4 c cu )l+cc*c 4s nu0c bun.
7AA Nu ks ru dc prch !un6 C2. Dssc., @#SS: Crst., SS% &&: SSS. A% 5. 7A5 Cu sntc dc "thsc...6 C2. Dssc% @@SS% @@S#: Br., &(%75(: Crst., S% 5 4s &&. >Cu/sn c dc 0+ hsc" ;%Phlhb*hs dc scdh"E c b cC)*cssc )c ch*c G*hcs1n b /h 0hs u sls.h ;#c.s Crst., S% && 4s SS% &9E: CC)*cssh )*b/snc dsn Plu h*h% dc undc h* 2s <0)*u0u h "b% sus3snch Hdbl)hc Cbs c*% )*sn sn c*0cdsul lus Nscblhs Kh*c ;L H!nncstc3H!""c, &A69% *hdus <n s)hnsbl+ dc H0b*bssb dc Mb*hlcs <n &A6(E% ch*c /b*bc4 c dc phr!lcs dc s!sc. Du)+ C. Cb**ch Chldc*bn <ns+ ;BM% Hnh!h% Mhd*sd% &'A'% ). 766E% sn c*0cdsh*ul ccl 0hs )lhu.sbsl h* 2s h*hgbnc.ul Juhn #s *s1n% *hduc+ b*ul Hkc"!rssl!rlus Phsls))c dc Cb00sncs ;&A(6E? >#c*bh b!s"ssnh dsDb Plu h*cb% )hlhb*hs dc scdh" ;S% 7AE. 7A8& Cu"sntclc... pr!stul6 C2. Dssc, #S% @#S: )*b/c*bul? >Lb Fuc hhcc cl nccsb hl chbb% csb hhcc hl )*sncs)sb cl shbsb" ;>Cc 2hcc )*bs ul lh s2<*4s 2hcc <n3clc) ul lh <ncc)u "E. 7A87 chlc3n pscs!hrc...6 Cchs/hl+0 cu h)*bCs0h3sc% )+s *<nd <ns+ nuclcclc lcCschlc dsn cC % Dbcul cbncc) uhl cb0)lcC dsn b*sgsnhl% bh.h )c cC)*csss sdsb0h scc? >llc/h cn *c )scs lb Fuc hhb2h dc )bnc* sbb*c su chbc.h"% /c.s RN"BM% ). B&8% nb clc B 4s A. 33$ BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNTCS BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNTCS 66'
7A'. 1!l!sc4tc3s n!uthtch%6 c+cs c< + /*c0c /cs 2s nbu% /cs 2s s s0h . Nbu h ch )lhcc% dh b*s + /h*sc +3ss% )*c u sndcns% gus ul sc <0)*bs)+ ch.+ 4s b 0cdsbc*s h c nbu"nbu3+ c 0hs )*c3us + dcc< un 0s*hcbl bbs4nus . Chls +3slc c0sncn c sc bccsc 4s"0b+ *<ncsc *c)cdc. s nb ch.+ c+ )u3sn /h du*h glb*sh nbu +3ss? du)+ )h *u .slc7% ns0cns n"b /h 0hs *cs)cc h. <n/h3+ dccs s+ c 2blbsc4 s dc *u2hndhlclc )*c3us*ss 4s scbh c"n 2ugh dclcc +*ss b cc s"h* )u ch )*c sndc% dcbh*ccc% b dh + *ccu + c+ldu*h hc uhls +3ss% )hssunch sc /h *+cs% 4s dclcc h*ch nbulus sc /h )*c2hcc <n )lsc ssul bbs4nus ulus. s 2ss <nc*cdsn3h c+ bh c 4s"hu h/u *<ndul% 4s lc"h *ccu . 759. Nu c!ndh"nh ssn#ur ccch cc plhcc "ult!rh%. C cc/h bun% dc /*c0c cc"s sh ss2hcc )c"h <3sh% 4s% cu bh c c+ nu c cC)lsch % c sh/u*h . Ssngulh*s h ch c b dchunh bdsbhs+% sh* c<nd c c*bnh +% *sdscbl+: /h dssc*cds h 0hs dcg*hb+ b)snsh h )*bhs + dcc< bbscc ul cs? /cs *+0<nc ssngu* cu )*bs ul +u gus . Dhc+ nu 4 ss s+ dhs dc cc"s bun. hscundc"3s 0+*gsns*ch 4s nu cbndh0nh cu hu* h% c+cs )*bs ul gus nh4 c dc bbsccs dsn sgnb*hn3+. Cc s)un b3s shu cs c shu /h s+ 2sc. 75&. Csnc 4tsc pusn s r"*n "crcu Sh cc c "hs ss#ur *n !rscc pr!kcssc %6 c+cs dc4s nu /h 2s cbnssdc*h sub sl% /h 2s sbcb s d*c) c0csnsc. Csnc 4 sc sc )bh c h/cn u*h 4s luc*h du)+ 2hn c.sc% dh* h 4 s )u3sn 4s h *ssch
<nsch0n+ )*+bu4s*c /blun h*+. snc 0c*cu d*u0ul dsn d*ch) h% c+cs nu sc )bh c s+ ls)schsc+ *+snscsh. Lh 4 ssn3+ )u3sn+% d*u0 *cghl: 4s% du)+ b*scc lcgc% h < h 4 ssn3cs c< 4s h nc4 ssn3cs% ssgu*hn3h c 0hs cu0sn c dcc< ssngulh*s h ch.
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75'. Mcs ! 0sccrc lh c!ntrh0sccrc%. Sc cu/snc s+ dcbscbs0 c<nd )*b/snc dsn s hbsls h c shu /ulgh*s h c: nu"s b dchunh <nc+)+3<nh"*c% uncb*s c /sclcnsc. H cn3sc% dh*% s+ nu ch.s <n )*s0h 4s nscs s+ nu dcch.s <n cchlhl +. Nu c )h.+ 0hs /s ch.+ ch dc sscbhdc% sh* cbn *h 4)c*hclulus cugc clb* nu"s cbn *h c* s) 0hs bun dcc< s+ lh4s )c dsn+un *u chcsh )*cchu3scs. 789. B" lchl. S"h dus )u* h*ch bncs +% <ndh b*s*slc s<n dc.0sn3s c% s<n )u3snc bunc <n3clcgc*s? lh ccl 0hs bun sc*/scsu% ccl 0hs *+u )lbcbn% cu0 4s"n lu0ch bh +"s 0bdh &. S<n nh3ss% <n b hls h ch lb* cu )*b)cnssunc s)*c *h)b* u*s *clc? lh unclc c 0c*cu dc c0u *+dh*ch% lh hl clc ncs h b*nscsh% 4s lh hl clc h0+gs*ch. Rchuh <n3clcgc*c h cclb*lhl3s sluDchsc+% h4hdh*% nu )cn *u s0s h*c% cs )cn *u )*c/cns*c: )*c.sn + *sscul dc h .d*uncsnh sn cg*s h ch lh s)cc hcblul )*bccdculus 0<*4h/. B+*bh ul lchl nu us + <ns+ nscsbdh + csnc cs c c<nd /cdc cu0 s<n ccslhl3s. 78&. Hpr!!hrch prsccpusl!r%. Mhs )*c3sbs c dh"ul *ccc hl unus b+*bh cCcc)3sbnhl dcc< bh c h)lhu.clc dc *<nd% 2ssndc+ *<g<sclslc dc u*lushl+ 7 nu <nsu2lc3csc. <n3clc)3ss /b*bcsc cu sn clsgcn3h 6% d*c) ch*c lhudh lb* )*bducc b sh ss2hc3sc nc0u*s bh*c. Judscsbsul Hn s"gbnbs 4s"h *cdus <n *cgul ch *u hl 2hs0cs shlc dbh* lh Zcnbn(% sh*
75'& Nscs ! 0sccrc lh c!ntrh0sccrc6 Sn b*sgsnhl% >Nb dccs* hl cbn *hdccs*"% 2b*0ulh*c cc/h 0hs h0bsguh% dh b*s + )*c2c*sn3cs )cn *u cbnsbnhn3+. Mhs clh*% c*cdc Rb0c*h Nh/h**b% s"h* 2s )u u s)unc? >Nb *cs)bndc* hl cbn *hdsc b*"% hdsc+ >Nu *+s)undc cus c cbn *h.scc". 789& cu" 4s3n lu"ch t!ht3s "!dh6 G*hcs1n 2hcc hcchs + )*ccs.h*c% dcbh*ccc /cchsul )*b/c*b lh ch*c 2hcc hlu.sc c*h /hlhbsl nu0hs )cn *u H*hgAn? >H 2uc* dc H*hgAn% h bucn sc*/scsb% 0hl ghlh*dbn% dccs >Du)+ cu0 c"n H*hgAn% lh bun sc*/scsu% *+u )lbcbn" ;Hc*n1n Nu2sc.E. P*b/c*bul hccs h c *cluh 4s <n CrsL, SB% A. 78&& Hpr!!hrch prsccpusl!r6 C2. Dssc, S% @K: CrsL, &%&6. 78&7 r*#*sclslc dc urlushl6 <n b*sgsnhl% >*cgsscldbs dc h*ss hs"% hrssth<nsc0n<nd 3ch)+% )*clungs*ch hscu3s +% 3c)bhs+ h 0c0b*hncs ch*c <n/clc4 c bbbul dc g*su shu )c hcclh hl hl b* cc*chlc. Du)+ unss cb0cn h b*s ;Rb0c*h Nh/h**b 4s C. Cb**ch Chldc*bnE% G*hcs1n 2hcc hlu.sc lh )<snch 2+cu + dsn 2+sn+ dc g**<g<scls dc 3+*hns g*bsblhn h*+ns3s". T*hducc*ch )*b)us+ dc nbs )b cn3ch.+ hccs c s0)lsch3ss hlc cC ulus% b2c*snd 4s )bssbsls h ch unus chlh0bu* cb0)cnsh b* $urlushl = url). 78&6 !r!csc cu sntcls#cn, nu cu *<g<scls% ch /ulgul. 78&( Hnts#!n!s... <cn!n6 C /b*bh dc *cgclc Mhccdbnscs Hn sgbnbs Gbnh hs ;c. 679"76' <. C*.E 4s dc 2slb.b2ul Zcnbn dsn Cs sbn ;c. 66A"c. 7A( <. C*.E% 2bndh b*ul 4cblss s bscc% )c ch*c ccl dsn <s <l )*c3ush 4s hd0s*h <n 0bd dcbscbs % d*c) ch*c lh 0bh* ch lus% Hn sgbnbs s"h )l<ns c+ h )sc*du >ccl 0hs 0h*c s)cc hcbl"% /c.s Dsbgcncs Lhc* sbs% !p. cst, #SS% A"'%&6"&B% cd. cs .% )). 66&"667 4s 666.
Plh bn <l nu0ch )c H*ss b cl <n *chgh sh 4cbhl+B. Unss sc )*cbcu)+ nu0hs s+"4s u0)lc s b0hcul% 2sc
4s cu b*hcu*s /ulgh*cA. P<n+ 4s su/c*hnss hu nc/bsc dc ccs cc sc*su 4s sc c0 dc )cnclc lb* 0hs hbs s* dcc< 2c0cslc u*< c dc )cnclu*s. 787. 1!l!sc4tc3tc dc h!scn%6 2sc )cn *u *cs)cc % 2sc )cn *u )*c3us*c. Dhc+ )*c.cn3h 0sc4b*ch.+ 2hs0h% hbscn3h b s)b*c4 c7: ccl ch*c% hbscn % h 2bs sbcb s lcu% )*c.cn h 2bs *sdscbl )lbd hl 0un3slb*6. <n.cs *+*slc"4s )sc*d lus *ul dc )*ch 0ul 2*ccu4% c+cs 0hs dcg*hb+ sc /cdc cbhDh dsn cC c*sb* dcc< 0ul ul 0sc. dsn sns0+. S0hgsnh3sh hDungc 0hs dc)h* c dcc< /+.ul% 4s h0+gs*ch% ch*c sn *+ dc bbsccs )*sn hu.% scsc )*sn bchs. Csnc sc )+s *ch.+ <n ccn *ul *cnu0clus s+u <4s )+s *ch.+ *c)u h3sh% c+cs 4s 2cnsCul *ccu*gc lh s.blh*c )cn *u cu/ssn3+ 4s lh db* )cn *u cbnssdc*h3sc. 786. Br!nt cu sn cnts sthtc cu"sntc%. Db/cdc4 c cul0c dc sngcnsb.s h c% dh* cc"h* 2s bh*c 2+*+ g*+un clc dc ncbunsc7O Sn/cn s/s h ch c h sngcnsb4slb*: bunh hlcgc*c% h )*udcn3slb*. C 4s hh*% 4s <nc+ 4s 0hs *h*% )cn *u c+ bunh hlcgc*c 0ul3s 4s"hu <nsu4s "b: bunh sn/cn3sc% )u3sns% 4s dbh* )*s0ss <n cCcclh*c 4s"n s0). Nbu h ch c 0+guls bh*c 4s% dhc+ 2c*scs +% d+ dbu+ *clsc2u*s
78&B Plht!n... Hrsst!tcl6 H*ss b cl h 2bs ccl 0hs s *+lucs dsscs)bl hl lus Plh bn. dh*% <n *"b <0)*cDu*h*c hnu0c% 4s ><n *chgh sh 4cbhl+"? >Kh/b*snus *clh ch.+ c+% lh cs s*ch dshlbgulus Dcsprc suklct, nu0hs H*ss b cl h *+0hs )<n+ lh s2<*4s % b3s ccslhl3s huds b*s s"hu *sdsch 4s hu )lcch " ;Dsbgcncs Lhc* sbs% !p. cst., &&&%65% cd. cs .% ).7&6E. H0sn s ul dshlbg hl lus Plh bn cs c Phhsd!n shu Dcsprc suklct. #c.s 4s Dssc., @S@% nb h &(7. 78&A !rhcurs ul#hrc6 <n b*sgsnhl% >b*h.h /ulgh*"% cC)*cssc 0c h2b*sc+ )cn *u h)lhu.c% hdulh3ss hccc) h c 2+*+ dsscc0+0<n . 787 1!l!scstc3tc dc h!scn6 C2. Dssc.. S@: Br., 8B% &55% 78(: Crst.. S% 7. 7877 prc0cnh... h!scnh6 C2. Luc*c3su% Dc rcru" nhturh, SSS% 'B5? >Sc0)c* h/cs Fubd hbcsl% )*cscn sh c0nss" ;>Db*c4 s cc n"hs 4s lc)c.s dc lh snc Cc hs <n 0<n+"% *hd. T. Nhu0E. 7876 rsdsc!l pl!d hl "unsl!r6 Hlu.sc lh cunbscu ul /c*s hl lus Hb*h3su $Hrth p!ctsc, &6'E? >Ph* u*scn 0bn cs% nhscc u* *sdsculus 0us" ;>Mun3s c<nd s"b* sc*c0c"n du*c*s% sc /h nh4 c *sdscbl un 4bh*cc"% *hd. dc Sbncl Mh*sncscuE. C2. 4s Kcd*u% 1h!ulc, S#% 7&. 786& Br!ht cu sn cnts sthtc cu"sntc6 C2. Hsc. L@SSS: Br., B&: CrsL, S% 7% 6. 7867 #runtclc dc nc!unsc6 C2. Hsc., L@SSS? >Sc s)unc c+ nh u*h h 2u*h Dudcc+3ss b ccch cc c*h <n h/hn hDul sngcnsb.s +3ss% 2h) )c ch*c sc <n c0csh.+ hccl )h*hdbC hl lus Scncch% 4s hnu0c c+ b*scc 0h*c sngcnsb.s h c h*c un g*+un c dc ncbunsc". G*hcs1n *csh sdcch 4s <n CrsL, SS% &6% Uns/c*s% ). (88% nb h &6% bh.<ndu"sc )c Scncch% Dc trhnAusllsthtc hns"s, S% &B% ch*c% lh *<ndul s+u% b )*csh dc lh H*ss b cl $Pr!!s., @@@% &E% hccs h h2s*0<nd dc 2h) c+ bh c gcnsslc s<n dc bbsccs 0clhncblscc. 344 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS
bsnclus. <n chcs sunslc Dudcc+3ss c )c*sculbhs+ )*sn )h*hdbC: <n cclc hlc sngcnsb.s +3ss% l+udhbsl+: 4s% dhc+"s ns0c*s c 4s unh% 4s hl h% h)lhudhbslc6. 78(. Nu ks ncp!ktst%6 4s nu /cs 2s dcscbnssdc*h . S s0ch.+" c dhc+ /*cs s+ 2ss s s0h . Kss 0hs cu*<nd .g<*cs dcc< *sss)s b* cu snc: 2+" c db*s 4s /cs 2s bsnc )*s0s : nscsbdh + nu /cns dcc< chc0h % nscs nu c ducc dcc< *s0ss. Csnc sc h0cs cc+ dc ch)ul lus% dhc+ scsc )*bs % <4s h *hgc hsu)*+"s bh + u*h% 4s dhc+ scsc bsnc% nu dbb<ndc4 c *ccunb4 sn3+. Nc)b2 s ul c 3sn + )cn *u dss)*c3us*s 4s% bc0hs )cn *u c+ sc /<*+ cu s0)c* sncn3+% c cbnccdsh cu *u4snh*c. 78B. Nu pscrs dc nckcrscsrch hltush%. Cunbh4 c"& )c ccl <nglbdh 4s *c3snc c+ c /h sblscs h ch s+ /+ cbnsblh3s dc *+ul cb0un. Cs chu + bh0cns ch*c s+"s hDu c s+"4s <ndu*c nc2c*scs*ch% 4s ccs ch*c lh bsnc <3s <n b*cchu s)h clc% <3s <n snd hcu0 0<nh. C nc/bsc dc 0ul hc cu ccs cc sc <nchc+% s)*c h"s )u ch shl/h 2+*+"h c )*s0cDdus. 78A. Nu tc lsh *ndht!rht dct!t, nscs dc t!s%6 c+cs h* <nsc0nh s+ 2ss sclh/% 4s <nc+ bb4 csc. Unss s"hu n+scu 0hs nb*bcb4s dcc< hl3ss: hccsh ch s+ 2hc+ bsnclc% sh* hcc4 sh ch s+"& )*s0chsc+. Mhs )*c3sbhs+ c lsbc* h ch dcc< dh*ul% c+cs sc )sc*dc. C )*c2c*hbsl s+ dc)snd+ 0ul3s hl3ss dc snc dcc< s+ dc)sn.s u dc unul ssngu*. Pu c*ch n" h*c hl 2blbs dcc< )u sn3h dc"h 2hcc 0hs 0ul bsnc. Mhs hlcs% nu luh d*c) hh <* bblsgh3sh )c ch*c 3s"b hsu0s: 4s dc cclc 0hs 0ul c b*s sc /h g*+bs s+ 3s"b s0)un+ /sclcnsh cclb*lhl3s% ch s+ c )*snd+. 785. Nscs!dht nu hcs!nh pts"h4%6 /cs *h h b ul. Csnc nu"s s +)<n )c ssnc s+ nu 2hc+ ns0sc dc unul ssngu*% c+cs )h s0h hlung+ b dchunh *h3sunch: subs s usc"3s h uncs un 0cdsh b* )*udcn % ch*c h4h /h 2s% dhc+ nc)+ s0h4: b dchunh ccs cc hsss + /+d 0hs 0ul dcc< ccs cc Dbhc+% 2ssndc+ nu sc )hssbnch.+. Dhc+ c ss03s )b*ns % cu0sn3cnsh sunc *c *hgc*ch% )cn *u ch s<ngclc s+ nu h)ucc"h 2sc*bc"n snc% hl 0sn c*s /cs 2hcc b ul s<ngc*bs 4s"n scu* s0) /cs dh h*hn+ 0ul b* .slc dc *u4snh*c )*b)*sc 4s dc clc/c s*c s *+sn+.
7866 hplhudh!slc6 Dc undc sc )bh c dcducc% bbsc*/+ RN"BM% ). BB7% nb h &(% c+. <n )*s/sn3h sngcnsb.s +3ss $sn#cns!), sn cn3sh dc nbu h c c b dchunh l+udhbsl+% chsh* c<nd nu sc db/cdc4 c ns0c*s +. 78( D/u 2s ncp!ktst6 C2. Dssc% @S: Br., 7B7% 787. 78B Nu pscrs dc nckcrscsrch hltush6 C2. Dssc, #SSS: B*.% 6&% A(%&A6. 78A& D/u tc lsh *ndht!rht...6 C2. Br., B% 67% &85% &8'% 7B7: Crst., S% &6: SS% (. 785s .. >u hcs!nh pts"h46 C2. Br., &BB: Crst, &%(% &9. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 6(B
788. Trsc4tc dup prslc7%. Gu/c*nh*ch% cugc h*ch% b ul s+ 2sc du)+ ch.: /bsc4 c c<nd sc )bh c% c+cs s0)ul 4s" hnb s0)ul nu h4 ch) +. Nu u0blh cu gcnc*hls +3s% 2+*+ nu0hs <n 2h/bh*ch /s* u3ss% nscs nu sb0h cu lcgs d*hs scc /bsn3h% c+cs 0<snc /h *cbus s+ bcs dsn h)h )c ch*c h.s b dss)*c3usc4 s7. S<n unss h < dc sucs s0)c* sncn3s% <nc< )*c snd ch bh c cs*cu0s hn3clc succcsulus s+ sc dch du)+ 0hnsh lb*% 4s nu sn/c*s. <n3clc) ul 4 sc <ns+ c+ nb*dul )*udcn3cs c cb0)b* h*ch du)+ )*slcD. 78'. Ccl "hs "hrc sts#"ht hl unus !"%6 cs c"h dh db/c.s c+"s b0: ccslhl3s <ncc ch.+ h"& 0hs cbnssdc*h ds/sn dsn .suh"n ch*c"& /+d )*chb0cncsc. U4u*+ h ch c ccl 0hs 0h*c cbn *hs hl *c)u h3scs. H4h cu0 b+*bh ul
*c.c*/h c sbcb s 0hs 0ul dcc< b0% b h4h ccl u4u*h sc 0hs )u3sn dcc< b0. Nu"s /scsu 0hs dssc*cds hn % 2ssndc+ u4u*+ h ch sc b)unc ds*cc g*h/s +3ss: b0ul u4u*h sc nu )bh c 2s cu 0sc.% 4s 0hs hlcs dhc+"s b+ *<n% c<nd /<*s h"& bblsg+ lh cu0sn3cnsc. s cu bh c c+ s sg0h ul hccs h c hl h < dc 0ul b*h% 2h) ul nu"& b)*c4 c s+ 2sc ncbbs4nus dc dssc*cds h . 7'9. C ! kcrscsrc s *"!sns sts"h cu hkccsunch%6 nu 2s )*ch subs % ch s+"3s )+s *c.s *cs)cc ul. Subs*ch c 0hs c0c*h*+ dcc< u*h?
788 Trsc4tc dup prslc76 C2. P!l., %.H gu/c*nh b dchunh du)+ )*slcD% 0hCs0 h2b*ss0 hl )bls scss shlc... H 2bs *cgc hl <n.cs *+*slb* 4s hl )*slcDu*slb*% c*bs c hccs ch )c 0+su*h hcclb*h" ;)). &97 4s &9AE: Dssc, @: Br.. &79%&6'%799% 779% 699. Prslc7ul ;lh . !cchss!., g*. khsr!s) c un 0b s/ 2undh0cn hl lh G*hcs1n. Dbc *snh >)*slcDulus" c dc./bl h + )*sn *c hl3ss 4s dc N. Mhchsh/clls. SSprsncspc, #S. 7887 ...b dssprcusc4ts6 C2. )*b/c*bul? >Nhdsc dsgh dc cs h hguh nb bcbc*c" ;>Ns0cns s+ nu .sc+? dsn h)h hs h nu /bs bch"E. 78' Ccl "hs "hrc sts#"ht hl unus !"6 C2. Br., &55. 7'9 C ! kcrscsrc...6 C2. Br., &5&. S udssnd unscul cCc0)lh* )+s *h dsn cds3sh )*sncc)s h Br., Rb0c*h Nh/h**b sc0nhlch.+ c+ <n hccs )*s0 *<nd ;2bl. 796*.% *<ndul &'E% du)+ s)h3suP hlb nb*0hl dc lh un <ncc)u dc )h*hg*h2% u*0ch.+ hl s)h3su )+ h cu cc*nchl+ s)bg*h2sc+% cchs/hlcn cu *cs ls c*c shu cu dbu+ ls c*c 4s un s)h3su% du)+ ch*c% cu ls c*+ 0sc+% sc )bh c cs s cs kclscsdhd. Pcs c c"ul dsn cs cs c h)lsch +% hcb)c*sndu"& dbh* )c Du0+ h c% /c*.hlh C, cs sndu"sc hs 2cl Ccs. Sub )h +% Rb0c*h Nh/h**b c*cdc c+ )bh c dss sngc u*0clc unus Nb% ccch cc"& 2hcc s+ )*csu)un+ c+ s"h )*bccdh lh b cb*cc u*h dc ul s0+ b*+% ch b 4 h0)sl+ h)lsch + )c 2scch*c cCc0)lh*% ch*c h schs0bh )*b)b.s3sh ncgh s/+ <n *"unh h2s*0h s/+. H0bclc /h*shn c cbncb*d+ lbgsc cu ccch cc u*0ch.+% dh* su)*s0h*ch lus N! h u*0+*s )*bbhbsl s+ c/s c schndhls.h*ch bunulus ss03. dcbh*ccc nu sc )bh c +g+dus c+ cstc b 2c*scs*c s+ <0bsns s s0h 4s h2cc3sunch. Cs c% <n *"hdc/+*% dh*c b ss uh3sc *h*<n Uns + 4s g*cu dc *chls.h <n /sh3h )*hc sc+% h4h cu0 sc )bh c cbns h h dsn *cs ul h2b*ss0ulus. Kb*0h ncgh s/+ sns3shl+ /bsh s+ cC)*s0c )bh c bc0hs hcchs + sdcc. #c.s RN"BM% ). BAB% nb hs.
3<? BRHCB#!# MHN!H# >S HR0H :R!DCNDCS
h2cc3sunch 4s /cnc*h3sh nu sc lchg+ bsnc. s b u4s nu *cbusc s+ 2ss 2bh* c c0u % nscs 2bh* c subs . D*hgbs ch sn *bducc 2h0slsh*s h ch% 4s )c 0+su*+ cc sn *+ hcchs h% scsc cbnssdc*h3sh. Kss subs 0hs dcg*hb+ h)*ccsh s/ dcc< h2cc s/% c+cs c subs*c <n *u b ul )b *s/s + )c*sbhnclb*. 2;1. *n h s c-h"snc0s%. H cn3sh Dudscsbsulus *s/hls.c.c cu *c.c*/h )*cchu ulus: sc cc*c 0h*c Dudcch + ch s"b 0hsb*s )c"h cclb*lhl3s. C 0hs s0)b* hn s+ cunb4 s 2s*slc 4s <nsu4s*slc bh0cnslb* dcc< )c"hcclch hlc sc*bu*slb* 4s )sc *clb*. Hcchs h c unh dsn cclc 0hs sub slc luc*+*s hlc /sc3ss: du)+ sunc sc cunbsc 0c hlclc% 4s du)+ /b*bs*c )c*sbhnclc7. Sn cg*s h ch b /+dcsc cu/sn clc% dh* 0ul 0hs 0ul 2h) clc. Hscs c nc/bsc dc )+ *undc*ch cC *hb*dsnh*+% dc bbsc*/h3sh )*b2und+% dc *c0h*ch sub sl+ 4s dc c*s sch Dudscsbhs+. 7'7. Nhturh pr!prsc *n sn# !!ls#hsslc slu7!cs%6 4s nu ds0)b *s/+. B*sc< dc 0h*c h* 2s )bs ul% *cbusc s+ h*+3s c+ c4 s 0hs 0h*c. B ch)hcs h c cu hd<ncs0s sc h0)ls2sc+ 4s s *+lucc4 c 4s 0hs 0ul cu sluDbclc. U4b* s sc u0)lc sns0h cclus cc"b h*c s *s0 + 4s )<n+ lh u*0+"s 4s )lcsnc4 c dc dh b*sc 4s *c)u h3sc. Mh*clc Hugus us sc 0<nd*ch c+ c 0hs 0h*c b0 dcc< )*sncs)c7. Hscs c dc hDu b* <n+l3s0ch cugc ulus% 4s dc 2blbs c 4s <nc*cdc*ch cu0sn c <n ssnc. 2;3. Dcsprc "htursthtc%. S *+lucc4 c <n cC c*sb*% dh* 0hs 0ul <n 0b*h/u*s7. Pbndc*ch 0h c*shl+ 2hcc )*c3sbs hu*ulus% 4s cch
7'& *n h s c-h"snc0s6 C2. Dssc, @S@: Crst., SS% (% )cn *u )*c2c*sn3h hcb*dh + dc G*hcs1n 4 ssn3clb* 0b*hlc 2h3+ dc cclc nh u*hlc. 7'&7 dup !r!src pcrs!hnclc6 Ck. cC)*cssh )*b/c*bshl+ lh snchsc+... >LbFuc*c u c cbgnbsch0" ;>#b*bc4 c ch s+ c cunbsc"E. :2: Nhturh pr!prsc...? C2. Dssc., SS: Br., ('% &97% &87. 7'77 "hs "hrc !" dcc*t prsncspc6 Nu sc cunbh4 c su*sh hccs cs h2s*0h3ss h lus Hugus us. Kb*0ulh*ch lus G*hcs1n h* 2s% du)+ Rb0c*h Nh/h**b ;RN"BM% ). BA'E% cbnclu.sh lh ch*c h* 2s )u u hDungc du)+ lcc u*h hu bbsbg*h2scs <0)+*h ulus% Rcs #csthc d" Hu#usts, snclus+ <n Hsst!rsh R!"hnh dc C. #cllcsus Ph c*culus. 7'6& Dcsprc "htursthtc6 C2. Dssc% @#SS: Br., A%B5. Bh llb*s 4s Pc*hl h sus3sn c+ su*sh cch 0hs ds*cc + h hccs us h2b*ss0 b cbns s usc h4h" nu0s clc Rc#uls dc "!dcstsc hlc lus Sgnhcsb dc Lb!blh $M!nu"cnth s#nhtshnh, Rc#ulhc, Rb0h% &'(8. )). B&8"B79E. 7'67...s "!rh urs6 C2. Cscc*b% Dc !rhl!rc, SSS% B'? >Hns0s cs c*h0 b0nss hc sb c s0hgb hns0s /ul us" ;>B*scc 2h) + c <n *"hdc/+* s0hgsnch su2lc ulus% 4s h su2lc ulus% chs)ul"E: 4s Ssr., &'%7A"75? >Dsn /cdc*c sc cunbh4 c b0ul% 4s dsn chs)ul 2c3cs sc cunbh4 c ccl <n3clc) . <0b*+c+0sn ch b0ulus% dc./cls*ch dsn3slb*% c<nd *<dc% 4s c+lc+ u*h lus /cs csc cc cs c <n cl."
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dc hs + dh + 0hs 0ul h2cc s/s h ch dcc< sngcnsb.s h ch. Lh b cu0)+n+ h /sc3ss8 h0 2+cu lcg+0<n s+"& sluDcsc )c Hu b*ul cs cu hccs h b0% 4s 0s"& hduc lh <ndc)lsns*c <n 2h3h <n *cgulus s+u )b)b*% dcbh*ccc% s)+*sndu"sc% ch b2c*+ su2lc clb* cucc*nscc )b s*ul 0<n" us*ss c c*nc. H0 nu0s "b Cu"sncct!rul, <ns+*csn<nd"b s+ c <nsb3chsc+ b*s dc c< c b*s 0c*gs s+ c cu0snccs% 4s h < dc )b* h s/+ '% <nc< b*scsnc s+ b )bh + ducc% 2sc <n s<n% 2sc <n 0<ncc+. Hl c*nch.+ cbnssdc*h3sslc scbhsc dsn Dcchsul Tcsth"cnt 4s dsn ccl N!u, )cn *u /h*sc h c 4s hu b*s h c% sh* <n chd*ul 2scc+*csh% )*s0ul )unc sc*/c4 c )cn *u )*cg+ s*c: hl dbslch% )cn *u cb0unsunc: hl *cslch% )cn *u culcsul *bhdclb*% sh* hl )h *ulch% )cn *u 0ul3u0s*s. S slul c ccl cc*u dc s0). Nu cs c. lbcu*slc dsn S2<n h Sc*s) u*+% 2ssndc+ )cn *u ccs <n/+3h3s h* 2s dc )*ssbs% sh* )cn *u ccslhl3s )*ch <nc+*ch . Dhc+ hcchs h sc /h ns0c*s )c gus ul +u% <3s b2c* hl h dc hu*% 4s hnu0c dcs)*c 0bh* ch )*c3sbhs+ h cclus d*c) &9% cu cbn/b*bs*s )lsnc dc ss03s*c% cbnssdc*h3ss u slc 4s *ug+csuns cucc*nscc )cn *u <0)*cDu*h*ch hccch.
8 '
cu"pn h scss6 C )bh c b hlu.sc lh ch0)hnsh dc dcs)*csu*h*c h Lc*sdcs ;&A(AE% lh ch*c G*hcs1n h luh )h* c cu *sscul /sc3ss. p!rthts 6 Cds3sh )*sncc)s h/ch un 2b*0h dc bu.unh*% sdcn sc cu hcclh hl cclb*lhl c *h h c cu)*snsc <n cds3sh nbhs *+. &9 "!hrtch prcs!hs h cclus drcpt6 T*h h *+0hs <n s hdsul dc ss0)lu )*bscc % <n *c*u) dc 0bh* ch hu b*ulus su*/cns + *cs hns 0hs l<*.su.
MCDSTHSH & Dcsprc plsnthtch hhrulus cu chrc h k!st *n0cstrht Mhsch D!"nulus sprc h #0dus Cu *ntul Ctcrn. Prs" c-c"plu dc c!"unsunc dcs *r4st%%
PUNCTUL & Dc k!l!s *nhsntch cu"snccrss #"ugc + lh 0+*c3ul 2hs dc s2sn3cnsc% lh cul0ch dc /s* u3s cu ch*c s"h )*cg+ s Mhsch Db0nulus ch s+ )bh + g+.dus Cu/<n ul C c*n <n )*chcu*h ul s+u )<n ccc? *<ndushl+ cu/cns + uncs h < dc <nhl c <0)lsns*s. H 2bs 0hs <n <s .+0ssls + 4s <n +*s + <n *u hh*. )cn *u ch )+ch ul s+ nu <0)b/+*c.c nscs b cls)+ <nsu2lc3s ul Cb* hl Db0nulus. Th +l cs s"h chc0h Sbhchs0% ccch cc <nsch0n+ )*cg+ s*c h lus Du0nc.cu% sh* 0h0h cs Hnh% hdsc+ hh*% )cn *u ch b ul s+ cC)*s0c <n.cs *+*s cu cl. Sc nh4 c 4s *+sc4 c <n Cc h ch <n2lb*s +% ch 2lbh*ch nc)*shhncs: sc chch0+ M+*sh% ccch cc <nsch0n+ S +)<nh% lh )*b)*su% dc /*c0c cc <nsu4s Su/c*hnul #c4nscsslb* <s d+ hscul h*c. C*c4 c <n c0)lu% 0snunc 0h*c h lu0ss% )cn *u ch ch s1 2sc h Cc*ulus. Khcc lcg+0<n dc 2ccsb*sc% )+s" *<ndu"sc% )bh* + )ccc lus +% dbh* )cn *u Su/c*hn% su2lc ul s sc <n.cs *ch.+ cu )lsn+ h ch hh*ulus% sh* sns0h s sc <0)bdbbc4 c cu bh c /s* u3slc% ch s+"& g+.dushsc+ )c un S +)<n )*sn hn bnb0h.+ S2<n . Cu0)+nc4 c hcu0 u% cc /h s+ )*s0c4 s <n )sc) ul +u )c <nsu4s Cu/<n ul <n *u)h % )c ch*c &"h .+0ssls <n )<n ccclc cs M+*sh% ch cu hsc0cnch <n.cs *h*c dc hh*u*s% )c c<nd u h < dc ls)ss dc clcQ S+ sh sch0h ccl cc sc <0)+* +4c4 c c+"& )*s0c4 c )c <nsu4s Db0nul .+0ssls dc M+*sh% hcblb <n *u)h % hscs <0)+* +4s : dhc+ Mhsch Db0nulus% cu h < h 2hs dc s2sn3cnsc% sc ulbu*+ c<nd <l .+0sslc4 c% cu0 s+ nu c *u4snc.s u% h < dc nc/*cdnsc% h uncs c<nd <l )*s0c4 sO Sc c0c bh*c Kccsbh*h cch )lsn+ dc /s* u3s% sh* u% )lsn dc )+ch c% nu *c0u*sO Chu + s+"3s 2hcs b sdcc dcs)*c b hc3sunc h < dc <nhl +% M C2.such% &?7A"68.
MCDS0HDSH 1
357
4s dhc+ Kccsbh*h% s)*c h .+0ssls b ssngu*+ dh + Cu/<n ul C c*n% sc )*cg+ c4 c dc"h < ch b*s% u% ch s+"& )*s0c4 s dc"h < ch% chu + s+ 3s"b )*c)h*s )c"hcchs h. PUNCTUL 7 Ch s tc cu"snccs Hccs cs )*cg+ s*s dc"b /sh3+ s"h cb*cs)uns 4s cch h )*slcDulus. Dbh0nh hcchs h c*h sus *hs+ .h*/cs b0cnc4 s% cbnshc*h + cCcluss/ sbcsc +3ss du0nc.csc4 s% h4h<nc< % *c *hs+ dsn lu0c% sn *bdus+ <n cc*% h 2bs nc/dsc ch <ngc*ul% s)*c"h b c+u h% s+ sn *c <n sh hcu"s hscuns 4s s+ bh + lh hsns3h sns0ss shlc: dc *cs b*s h shlu h "b )cn *u ch ch s+ *+s)und+ b dh +% <n *"h < h c*h dc )sc*du + <n ssnch"s% <n *"h < h dc cu2undh + <n cucc*nscsh sh. #+l )cs c 2*u0usc3c <s c*h 0bdcs sh 2ccsb*clnsc+% sh* )*udcn h s2shl+% .sd hl csns cs. Us0s b shlu + <ngc*ul. ulbu*h +"& hscul + M+*sh% ch ch*c 4s s)s*s clb* lc )bh c dh lcc3ss dc nc)*sh+ns*c. S2<n ul Bsnc/cs s b* b <0bsc c+ *c 0h c*ns h ch ds/sn+% sh* ch sc <ng*sDc4 c dc ssgu*hn3h 2ccsb*scs shlc: sc s2sc4 c s+ s)un+ dh cclcs 0hs <nhl c 0+*c3ss 4s hccc) + nu s+ 2sc *cgsn+% cs *bhb+% <n 2scch*c cu/<n h4 c) <nd un )*bdsgsu 4s"n 2scch*c 2h) + b cul0c. #snb% su2lc c% 4s sh lcc3ss dc /s* u3s% s udsh.+ dcs+/<*4s*s% cb)sh.+ b*sgsnhlul hccs h hdc/+*h hl 0bdulus cu0 s+"& )*s0c4 s )c Du0nc.cul +u: sh sch0h cu c< + u0slsn3+ *cbusc s+ c h)*b)ss% cu c< + /cnc*h3sc s+ c <n2+3s4c.s. Cc subs*c )*c/+.+ bh*cQ Cc c0c*c <nc*c.+ bh*cQ Dhc+ Kccsbh*h% h < dc cb)lc4s + dc dcs+/<*4s*s% sc <ndbsc4 c% dhc+ ch. )lsn+ dc hh*u*s% sc c0c% 4s dhc+ )c ch c nc/bsc s"b <n +*chsc+ hcclh cc c 2b* +*ch3h lus Du0nc.cu% u% h < dc gbl dc /s* u3s% duhnsnd h )+ch c% cu0 bh*c c <ncu0c3s s+"& g+.dusc4 s <n )sc) ul +u )c Du0nc.cul ccl sn2sns 4s s0cnsO Cu0)+nc4 c cc hlc+ us*c /h 2s dc hDuns% cc nc)*sh+ns*c )c 0+su*+Q P*cg+ c4 c"3s% h4hdh*% sns0h% dhc+ nu cu dcs+/<*4s*ch )c ch*c"b dh b*c.s% cu hh*ul )c ch*c"& /cs 2s dbb<ndsnd. PUNCTUL 6 Dc k!l!s dup cu"sncchrc <n )*chcu*h ul Cb* hl Hh*ulus% )c hccs *bn subls0 hl u u*b* /s* u3slb*% ch)+ + *u) Cu/<n ul ccl #c4nsc: hscs sc hb*c/sh.+ 0h*clc Du0nc.cu ch*c nu"nch)c nscs <n Cc*u*slc Cc*u*slb*% sh* cch ch*c c*h )lsn+ dc hh*% *+0hs"h )lsn+ dc c/lh/sc: dc <ndh + cc"& /h 2s *ccunbscu <n )*chcu*h3ss s+s *+*unchs )c Du0nc.cul Ksul
6B8 CUMSNCCTBRUL MCDSTHSH 7 6B'
s+u% 2+*+ dbh* 4s )bh c c+ su2lc ul% hsss h dc bh c 2hcul +3slc shlc% s sc /h 2s )*bs c*nh % hdb*<ndu"& 4s <nchsn<ndu"sc cu b ul )*ch0+*s*ss 4s subs*ss lus: sn clcc ul 2hscsnh % cbn c0)l<nd s0cnsh 0+*c3sc *cdus+ lh s *10 bh*ch unus *u)u4b*: /bsn3h% <n2l+c+*<ndu"sc dc subs*ch ncs2<*4s cs bun+ +3s cb0unsch c: 0c0b*sh% *cch)s ul<ndu"s nccbn cns 0slbs cnsslc: s0hgsnh3sh% *c)*c.cn <ndu"& u0hn 4s sh/u*<ndu"& ds/sn: cclclhl c ss03u*s cC c*sbh*c% sus *+g<ndu"sc h2cc3sunss )cn *u <ndclc nscs*slc s *+snc% sc /b* 2s cu2undh )h*c+ <n Du0nc.cul hcu0 scnssbsl: bchss sslsndu"sc s+"& /hd+% u*cchslc <ncc*c<nd s+"& hscul c% b*h3clc cu)*sn.<ndu"& 4s bu.clc )ccc lu"sndu"& <n gsngh4h"s <nb0cns*c. <n *u hcchs + s0s h*c s+"3s 2sc s *+dhnsh% b% su2lc c hl 0cu% du)+ cc c"hs cu0sncch % c<nd <l hs <n )sc) ul +u% <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h % )c <nsu4s Du0nc.cul 4s Db0nul: hls)c4 c" c lus% hDu +"& cu g*sDs dc )*ch0+*s*c% hdunc"3s"sc lh un lbc bh c )u c*slc ch s+"& sluDchsc+ 4s bh c 2hcul +3slc ch s+"& hdb*c. C<4 sg+"s <n 2sc*bsn c cbn c0)lh*c )*chdulcslc cbn/b*bs*s% )*chdulcslc hlsn u*s )c ch*c lc
*c)c h Kccsbh*h cu Du0nc.cul s+u Ksu <nchss <n *"<nsh. PUNCTUL ( Ch ss "ulu"c4ts Dbh0nh hcchs h h <n+l3h c<n ccc dc 0ul3u0s*c lus Du0nc.cu )c 0hlul nbshnulus dc 0slbs cnss cu 0hs 0ul + 0+*c3sc dcc< cchlhl + M+*sc% sb*h lus Mbssc% lh 3+*0ul M+*ss Rb4ss. #h 2s <ncc)u nu0hsdcc< s+"4s /+dchsc+ 0snunslc% c+cs ccch cc s"h )*cscu* h )<n ccclc s"h 0+*s cugc ul. Pb2 c4 c bh c gcnc*h3sslc s+ b hDu c s+ hduc+ 0ul3u0s*s uns/c*shlclb* 0slbs cnss% s+ )*ch0+*chsc+ nu0clc ccl s2<n hl Db0nulus. Pu*ccdc h)bs s+ /c4nscchsc+ dsn nch0 <n nch0u*s bsnccu/<n +*slc du0nc.csc4 s% cu lhudc *ccunbsc+ bh*c% sh* h)bs% <n b*c<ndu"sc <n s0)% )cn *u ch b3s ccs du4s% )*c.cn3ss 4s /ss b*ss s+"& )*ch0+*chsc+ )c Db0nul% <l *c.c4 c )c H/*hh0 4s s+0<n3h lus% ch s+ *ccunbhsc+ 4s s+ sl+/chsc+ 0h*clc cu/<n hl lus Du0nc.cu% <0)lsns dc <ndh + cc s"h <n *u)h : h4h 0ul3u0c4 c Mhsch Kccsbh*+ )cn *u c+ &"h .+0ssls )c Du0nc.cul ccl nc0+*gsns . R+sun<nd% h4hdh*% dc c<n ccc h<< dc *ccunbsc+ bh*c% nu *+0<nc 0u % su2lc c hl 0cu% 4s% dcbh*ccc l"hs )*s0s )c Du0nc.cu <nsu4s% h)lhud+ cu glhs dc cCul h*c 4s cChl h*c% cu0 *cbusc s+ sc 2hc+ hu.s3s hsc0cnch bhs)c3s: 2blbschsc+"sc gu*h 4s ls0bh <ndulcs c cu b h*hn+ h2< dc s2<n + <n *u dulcslc"s lhudc. C<n +"s h.s Db0nulus c<n h*c nbu+ )cn *u h < dc nbs hh <*u*s% 4s <n *cgchsch sh )*c.cn3+ b l+un *ul +u s+ sc cbnshc*c s +*us b* )*ch0+*s*ss shlc% <n b3s /ccss /ccslb*. H0sn.
MCDSTHSH 7 Dcsprc !spul ksulus rssspst!r, hplscht lh c!"unsunc%:

PUNCTUL & Cugc + lh ncs+bus ul Rsss)s b*% c+.u dsn cch 0hs 0h*c 2c*scs*c <n cch 0hs 0h*c nc2c*scs*c% ch s+ lc ss0 + 4s 0hs 0ul cC *c0clc? dsn chsh h +lus s+u <n sluDbh unus s*hn% b)lb4s <n *"b cbcsbhb+ 0s.c*+% s2<*4s dc 2bh0c% <ncbl3s dc gblscsunc% chsnus dc *ss c3c% )s.0usndu"lc h*hnh Dbsnsc+ cclb* 0hs nccu*h c hns0hlc% 2+*+ h"s 2s <ng+dus + nscs 0+ch* ch. <4s h0sn c4 c h uncs dc 0hsh <0bcl4ugh + h )+*sn clus s+u 4s% 0s4ch % dc )<snch cch gus bhs+ ch*c )<h+ 4s h*gh3slb* lc )*ssbsc4 c. #+.<ndu"sc 2l+0<nd dc ch% sc sh u*+ cu lhc*s0s% <ncc)u hl lccus*ss lus% dcbh*ccc clc 2hc s+"s *c<n/c*.chsc+ n+dcDdslc: <nc*c.+ b* <n d*hgbs ch )+*sn chsc+% nscsbdh + s0uls+ dsn *+d+csn+% sc dccsdc s+ sc <n bh*c+ hcblb 4s s+ sn *c )c )b*3slc )u*u*ch dcschssc hlc cc*ulus cs. P*s/c4 c" c ch )c hl Rsss)s b*% bh chsh* 0hs ncnb*bcs % dc /*c0c cc% )+*+ssndu"3s chsh Db0nulus 4s 0hsh )+*sn clus +u% nc2c*scs*ch h c"h <0)sns s+ *bbc4 s )b2 clb* hlc% s*hns hs)*s 4s c*u.s. Cu0)+nc4 c c< dc )u3sn 0ul3u0csc dcs2+ +*slc% c< dc )u3sn sh u*+ dc4c* +csunslc% dc4s 0ul u02l+. Pl<ngc"3s ncnb*bcul dc h"3s 2s schs0bh hh <*u*slc 2sulus lus Du0nc.cu )c dss)*c3u*slc unus sclh/ hl Sh hncs. Scbh c dc hscs b hdc/+*h + dc.h0+gs*c% dss)*c3usnd b cc c lu0c% )*c3usnd b cc c Cc*% 4s% cu hb +*1*c /s ch.+% <n bh*"cc" c 0hs dcg*hb+ h.s dcc< 0<snc lh chsh Du0nc.culus +u 4s lh 0hsh bunulus +u P+*sn c. PUNCTUL 7 Hb +*< s+ sc <n bh*c+ <n ccn *ul )+*sn csc% 2sul dc.h0+gs sc )*cg+ c4 c cu du*c*c s+ sc h)*b)sc dc 0<ng<sc*c. <4s /snc 0hs <n <s <n 2s*c% c+cs )<n+ 4s dc ssnc <nsu4s <n *"h < h sc <ns *+snhsc. <ncc)c
s7C2.Luch%&B%ll"6Z MCDSTHSH 6 6A&
)*sn h"4s *ccunbh4 c Dbsnscsh <n 2h3h cclcs 0hs <nhl c 0+*c3ss 4s sc <0b*hc+ <n *"b <nc*cdc*c nchb+ u +% c+cs% chsh* dhc+ cl c 2su *+u% h*c h + bun 4s% hDu b*h dc *u4snh*ch du*c*bhs+% sc h)*b)sc% 0+* u*sssndu"4s sl+bscsunch 4s nc4 ssn3h: <ncc)c cu hcch /b*b+ dusbhs+? >Th +": u*0ch.+? >H0 )+c+ us <0)b *s/h Cc*ulus 4s <0)b *s/h h." Cc su c"& hudc )+*sn clc 0slbs cnsslb* 4s sh*c s+"& <n <0)snc% 0hs dcg*hb+ <n *+*unchss dcc< <n b*h3clc shlcQ Nu sc sc<*bc4 c c+ c .d*cn3+*bs% nscs nu"& 0us *+ c+ h g*c4s : <l hscundc% dh% <n b*h3clc shlc% )cn *u ch nscs slugslc s+ nu"s 2sc *+bbDu*s hlc ncnb*bcs*ss: 4s% cu bh c c+ nc/bsh dc 0<nch*c c*h cch 0hs g*bh.nsc+% sc <ng*sDc4 c dc cu/ssn3+ 4s )b*uncc4 c s+ s sc hduc+ s *hsc nbs d*c) sc0n dc /sh3+ nbu+: <s )b *s/c4 c snclul dc hu* <n dcgc % ch *cs s us*c h nbblc3cs shlc <n snh c% 4s% du)+ cc"& /cdc c+ nu sc dc.scc ch 2su hl s+u% <l )unc lh 0hsh lus 4s% <0b*+ch dc s+*b+ bh*c% <l bs)c3c4 c. Cu0)+nc4 c u hcu0h% cu cc hb +*<*c h* *cbus s+ c *sdscs dsn )*+)hs sh dc sc+lb4ss <n ch*c c"hu <ncch /snslc: cc *cbusc s+ 2hcs% cu hdc/+*h + s0c*cnsc% ch s+ u*cs lh chsh 0h*clus +u P+*sn c% cu cc )bdbhb+ c4 s dh b* s+ c h4c.s lh 0hsh <ngc*slb*% 2+*+ h 0hs <*< du)+ snc 2sh*clc )+ch clb* hlc% dc.lcgh dc clc% dh% )*sn *"b bun+ s)b/cdhnsc: <0b*+ch <n s *hsul )*c3sbs 4s s+*b+ b*csc hl hh*ulus% cu snclul subs*ss cclcs nbbslc <n dcgc 4s cu bbgh clc gsu/hsc*c hlc /s* u3slb*% chu + s+ bb3ss h < dc s2sn clc hh <*u*s. PUNCTUL 6
Du)+ cc"& /cdc <ng*sDs % 0h*clc h + hl 0slbs cnsslb* bsnc/bsc4 c h"& h4c.h lh 0hsh lus 4s% ch s+"s )b blchsc+ 2bh0ch cch 0h*c% )b*uncc4 c s+ 2sc <nDunghsh ccl 0hs h*+ bs /s3clu4 dsn cs*c.slc shlc 4s% h4h <n *cg% 2*s) lh 2bcul d*hgbs cs% s+"s 2sc )us <nhsn c. H )*sns s+ bs)+ c.c cu b h < h )l+cc*c c< + )b2 + ss03ch? 0<nch*ch c*h gus bhs+% nc/bsh dc ch 0h*c. Cu c< + )l+cc*c /h 2s 0<nch Q B% cu0 <4s /h 0hs 2s lsns dcgc clcQ Bunu"s )+*sn c <l /h 2s )*s/s 4s /h 2s s)us? >L+sh3s"& s+ 0+n<ncc% c+cs ccch cc )lhcc h*+nc4 c bsnc: 0hs +sh3s"s% u0)lc3s"s hlc*ul% s+ 0+n<ncc du)+ )b2 h sns0ss 4s s+"s 2sc dc bsnc." #h 2s cunbscu hcu0% <n *"hdc/+*% dcbscbs*ch dsn *c b 0hs+ 4s hl h% dsn *c un 2cl dc 0<nch*c 4s hl ul% sh* du)+ cc"h hDuns h cc*4s cch 0hs Dbsnsc+ h*hn+ h )b*cslb*% cu0 /h 2s )*c3us hcu0 bs)+3ul ccl nbbsl hl <ngc*slb*Q C+cs dhc+ b )sc+ u*+ dc h)+ dc lh 0hsh hcchs h c dc hDuns ch s+ <ndulcchsc+ )<n+ 4s shdul% cc s+ s)us dc bh + )<snch hccch h b h*+ns bh*cO Cu0)+nc4 c u cu c< <3s c 0hs 0h*c 2c*scs*ch% c+cs cu c< <3s cs c 0hsh 0hs s *+lucs +% c<nd% <n lbcul /s3clulus sh/u*bs% <l 0+n<ncs )c <nsu4s Ksul #c4nsculus P+*sn c <0)+* +4s : <n c3c4 c c*cdsn3h 4s s <*ns"/cs 2bh0ch: 0+n<nc+"& cu )l+cc*c 4s"3s /h )*ss: du0sc+"& bsnc 4s"3s /h 2s 0hs gus bs: sh sch0h )*sn cbn c0)lh3sc lh ccch cc 0+n<ncs 4s /cs dbb<nds /sh3+ /c4nsc+. PUNCTUL ( . Pc"h < dc *ccunbsc+ b* /h 2s *+0hs *sss)s b*ul 2h3+ dc h +l s+u% )c c< dc bsnc )*s0s : )c"h < dc )*c3us b* hl 0h*clus bsnc% )c c< dc dc.h0+gs . Cc hb +*<*s /h 2s *bs s % )c c< dc )+ *un.+ bh*c% )c"h < dc hdc/+*h c% dc h nu" 4s 0hs )sc*dc /*cbdh + nscs chsh% nscs 0hsh% 4s"n bsul dcs2+ +*ss cc g*bh.+ /h 2s ss03s lh g<ndul s +*ss sc+lbhsc <n ch*c sc /+.uscQ Cu0 /h 2s luh sch0h s+ nu"& 0hs su)c*c cu ns0sch% h < dsn d*hgbs c 2slshl+% c< 4s dsn <n/+3 dc nc2c*scs Q Sc /h 2s bucu*h cu b3s hs chscs% dc lh 2h/b*s )<n+ lh ss0b*sh4. Cu0 /h 0hs 2s cu0)+ns hh <*ul )+*sn csc 4s cu0 /h 2s )*bsl+/s bs)+3ulQ Cu c< 0hs 0h*s 0ul3u0s*s *cbusc s+ hducs u du)+ cc c"hs cu0sncch % hcu0h% c<nd c /c.s h < dc *+s2+3h Q Kss <n 2c*/bh*c du)+ 2h/bh*c% *sdsc+"3s bchss dc lh 0hs+ lh Cc* 4s *ccc"3s gu*h dc lh sh/u*h*ch lus Du0nc.cu lh s2sn clc"s bshnhlc.
MCDSTHSH 6 Ch s tc cu"snccs "snht dc #*ndul suth4ulus'

PUNCTUL & #cs 0cds h hs +.s hsu)*h s *+lucs clb* /s* u3s cu ch*c s"h <nh*0h Su h4ul% s)*c h )b*ns lh cucc*s*ch 0slcs 2+*+ dc s2<*4s % h d*hgbs cs 2sc*bsn3s cu ch*c )lchc+ cl <nsu4s <n c+u h*ch s+n+ +3ss nu )cn *u un 2su unsc% cs )cn *u b slug+ )*sn *c 0ul c hl clc% sh* csnc sc s0c*c4 c hs 2cl <n 2h3h uncs c*ch u*s cc nu /h 2hcc bh*c 0hs h)bs
&6
C2. Luch, 5% 7"&9% 4s Mhtcs, 8% 8 4s u*0.
6A7 CUMSNCCTBRUL
)cn *u C*ch b*O s"h dh sch0h c< dc )u3sn )*c3uscsc 0sDlbhcclc b0cnc4 s 2+*+ cclc ds/snc &(% 4s ch h h*c lc s0)lb*+ )c hccs ch cu )*c3us*c 4s dc.h0+gs*c: nu"4s <nc*cdsn3ch.+ s *+dhnsh nc)+s+*ss hl cs slugs 4s nscs cbn/b*bs*ch cu Du0nc.cu nu b lhs+"n sh*csnh hl us 0sDlbcs b*. Cu0)+nc4 c c+ h.s )b*nc4 s u <nsu3s <n c+u h*ch hcclush4s Db0n% dh* nu ch s+ cc*s <ns+n+ b4s*ch uncs slugs% cs )c"hccch h su2lc ulus +u: lus Ssus <nsu4s *cbusc s+"s /b*bc4 s: <nh*0ch.+" c% h4hdh*% cu /s* u3s ch s+ cucc*c4 s ds/snclc"s 0slbs cnss 4s h)*b)sc" c cu s0c*cnsc ch s+ c )*bs c*nc.s <nhsn ch )*c.cn3cs shlc du0nc.csc4 s: )*cg+ c4 c"3s b 0h*c <n2l+c+*h*c h cugc ulus% b d*hgbs c 2sc*bsn c 4s"b hh*nsch s<*gusn3+. PUNCTUL 7 Su h4ul sc h)*b)sc 0slbs s/ 4s Db0nul <l )*s0c4 c h bh cbsnc"/bs b*: c ssgu* c+ h*c <n 0<n+ )u c*ch 4s 2bh* c lh <ndc0<n+ /bsn3h dc h"& lccus. >Dbh0nc% .scc cl% h0 hchs+ b slug+% sl+b+nbhg+% h < dc nc)u sncsbhs+% <nc< nu s" h 2bs cu )u sn3+ s+ /sn+ hscs cu *u)ul% cs dbh* cu ss03s*ch." S"h *+s)uns Db0nul? >Dhc+ cl nu )bh c /cns% 0+ /bs ducc Cu hcblb s+"& /sndcc." Sh sch0h lh ncs2<*4s h bun+ h c h M<n us b*ulus. Nu nu0hs c+"& hscul +% dh* bsnc/bsc4 c s+ sc 4s duc+ lh cl hchs+ s)*c"h b /sndcch )c slug+: *+s)l+ c4 c b 0h*c d*hgbs c cu hl h 4s 0hs 0h*c% ncsu2c*snd ch <n *"hcchs h s+ 2sc <n/sns dc csnc/h. s u )*scc)c c+% h*+ <ndu"3s db*sn3h dc Db0nul% Cl <nsu4s sc /h <ndc0nh s+ sn *c )c )bh* h )sc) ulus +u: l+*gc4 c"3s s<nu*slc su2lc ulus )cn *u hh <*u*slc d*c) cs shlc: dcschsdc gu*h 0h*c ch s+ 3s"b u0)lc cu b h*hn+ h < dc hlchs+. Pb *s/chsc+"sc )*c3us*ch h du)+ bun+ h ch cch 2+*+ dc 0h*gsns: <n c3c4 c"3s db*sn3h ch Db0nul s+ /sn+ lh snc% s+ sn *c <n )sc) ul +u 4s s+"3s <ns+n+ b4chsc+ su2lc ul. PUNCTUL 6 Us0s dc"h < h b0cnsc du0nc.cshsc+% hsc0usndu"4s ns0scul cu ncs2<*4s h 0+*c3sc% ulus 4s chsh* ulbu*h % Su h4ul cCclh0+? >Dbh0nc% nu s<n /*cdnsc s+ sn *s <n lbcusn3h 0ch s+*0hn+. Tu%
&(
C2. B*.% 7B&.
MCDSTHSH 6 6A6
Du0nc.cu nc0+*gsns : cu% /sc*0c sc+lbs: Cc*ul <nsu4s <3s c s *<0 % cu0 <3s /h 2s bh*c chsh 0ch s+*0hn+O Tu% dc)*sns s+ chlcs )c h*s)s dc hc*u/s0s% cu% 2u*nsc+ sc+lbhs+: cu% un )+c+ bs% b ns0sch bh +." Sh sch0h% c+% <n s0) cc 2h*sscss <n2u0u*h3s <n0ul3csc dss)*c3u*slc 2h3+ dc Db0nul% un bs h4 2hcc )h*hd+ dc /cnc*+*s: hccsh nscs nu ch hdscscsc s+ /sn+ lh Cl% sh* Su h4ul sc s)c*sc c+ Db0nul bsnc/bsc4 c s+ /sn+ lh cl hchs+. Cu0)+nc4 c c+ dhc+ Su h4ul c h < dc ulbu*h c+ Db0nul /*ch s+"s chlcc )*hgul% cu h < 0hs 0ul u dc 2h) ul c+ bsnc/bsc4 c s+ sn *c nu sub hcb)c*s4ul% cs <n )sc) ul +u. >Nu0hs un cu/<n hl +u% .scc cl% c dc hDuns c+ s+ b /sndccc )c slugh 0ch 4s s+"0s u0)lc chsh dc 2c*scs*s." Sc 0ul3u0c4 c cu un ssngu* cu/<n % sh* <n ch.ul +u% <nsu4s cu/<n*ul sn2sns % 2+cu ch*nc% 3s sc <n *u)ch.+"n *+*unchs. Hsc0usc4 c 0+*c3sh Db0nulus cu Dbsnscsh h% 4s c<nd /cs hDungc s+ c cu0snccs% ns0scc4 c" c% ns0sch c4 s: cu0)+nc4 c c+% dhc+ )cn *u h b )u c*nscsc c*h dc hDuns un cu/<n % nu <ns+ 4s )cn *u nc0+*gs"ns h"s 0slbs cnsc. PUNCTUL ( <n cc *ug+csuns dc 0ul3u0s*c /h 2s s.bucns Su h4ul lh /cdc*ch h < b* 0slbs cnss: c< dc *ccunbsc+ b* /h 2s *+0hs du)+ cc h 2bs h < dc bc*b s ? dhc+% s0c*s % &"h /cnc*h % *ccunbsc+ b*% <l bsnc"cu/<n ch.+% 2+c<ndu"s cunbscu c cu s *sg+*s 0+*c3sslc. s Db0nul <s lhud+ c*cdsn3h% sh* S2<n h Bssc*sc+ ns"& )*b)unc ch )sld+% hccc) <ndu"&. Cu0)+nc4 c cc 0ul3u0s*s cu h < 0hs 0h*s c4 s u dh b* s+"s hducs Db0nulus% cu c< 4s hh <*u*slc 3s"hu 2bs 0hs 0h*s: sh h0sn c s+ nu <n b*cs h)bs% nc*ccunbsc+ b*% s)c clc hccs us s./b* dc 0sl+% cs lhud+"& /c4nsc <ndh b*h % .sc<nd? >C<n h"/bs /c4nsc 0slbs cnsslc Db0nulus." Hccs cs )<sns dc bh c .slclc s+"s cb*cs)und+ un hc dc 0ul3u0s*s <n 2scch*c .s% )un<nd <n )*hc sc+ )*sn cCc*cs3su b lcc3sc dc /s* u3s h < dc 0h*c.
364 CUMSNCCTBRUL
MCDSTHSH ( Ch s tc cu"snccs cu crcdsnh chnhnccnccs&B

PUNCTUL & lh h0sn c lh 2c0csh chnhncchnc+% <4s lhs+ chs+ 4s )h *sc% <nlcsns*s 4s )+ch c% 4s )b*nc4 c% )c c< dc <ndu*c*h +% )c"h < dc s<*gusncsbhs+% h cc*c 0slus*c dc lh <nsu4s s./b*ul hccs csh: s s"hu <n0ul3s 0uncslc 4s hs 2cl s"h s)b*s 4s s *+dhnsh. Hu hDuns )<n+ lh d<nsh ccbu*slc 2h) clb* 0snunh c hlc lus C*ss bs% 4s ch n"h *+0hs su*d+ lh clc: <n cls)+ h /cns s *sg<nd cu s<*g? 0+*ch3+ s h*c su2lc chsc+ s)*c"h sc <n2+3s4h unus Db0n h < dc db*nsc s+ <0)+* +4chsc+ 0<ng<sc*ch 4s lchcul. Cu0)+nc4 c cu0 /snc 2c0csh chnhncchnc+ s0)lb*<nd 0slbs cnsc% )c c<nd u c4 s <0bsh cu ch: )c snc% ch s+ g+sc4 s bh + )<snch Cc*ulus% nu c cbs + h < h c< )c d<nsh b 2u*ns u*+: nu *cbusc s+ )lccs nscs dsn *cgh ul% nscs dsn bh4 sn+ h% nu *cbusc s+ 0c*gs lh ch)+ ul lu0ss ch s+ c <0)+* +4c4 s% dcbh*ccc <n 2scch*c bssc*sc+ <l hs )c Db0nul ccl <0)+* +4s % ch*c c )b2 c4 c. P*c3usc4 c b 2c*scs*c h < dc 0h*c 4s dc lh"ndc0<n+ 4s sslc4 c" c s+ sc4s dsn snc <nsu3s% dsn h0b*ul +u )*b)*su% dsn scb)u*slc g*c4s c hlc uncs sn cn3ss s *<0bc% )cn *u ch bsnclc hccs h du0nc.cscsc s+"3s sn *c nc)b scns <n )sc) : /snb cu b 0h*c )b*ns*c dc c*cdsn3+ c*bsc+% n+dcDdc ncsl+bs +% *ug+csunc s +*us bh*c 4s s<*gusn3+ <n2l+c+*h +. PUNCTUL 7 Chnhncchnc+ s +*usc <n *ug+0sn c 4s Db0nul sc )*c2hcc c+ n"b hudc% bc0hs c<nd <s d+ 0hs 0ul + h cn3sc: <4s <n *c*u)c 0slbs cnsslc% )cn *u ch d<nsh s+"4s 2hc+ 4s 0hs cunbscu c 4s s+"4s *c)c c chsnu*slc% c+cs )cn *u cl c 0u.sc+ sbnb*+ ccch cc h)bs blslb* lc cs c su)+*h*c. Cu0)+nc4 c c< c dc s0)b* hn s+ nu c dcscu*hDc.s <n cCc*cs3sslc dc /s* u c 4s% chsh* dhc+ sluDs b*ul lus Du0nc.cu sc su)+*+ uncb*s 4s hl3ss 0u*0u*+ <0)b *s/h h c+ 0c*gs dcs lh s)b/cdhnss 4s cu0sncc+*s% u s+ nu" 3s )sc*.s cu*hDul 4s s+ nu dhs <nd+*+ : s +*usc
&B
C2. Mh cs% &B% 7&"78: Mh*cu% 5%7("69. MCDSTHSH ( 6AB
ch Hnh% dc4s dc.h)*bbh + dc Cls&A% c+cs Db0nul nu bs cnc4 c 4s nu sc su)+*+% sh* *ugslc 4s lc sh d*c) dcs2+ +*s 4s d*c) bdshn+ 4cdc*ch <n )sc) ul cclus cc sc cu0sncc+: sh )sld+ dc )c*sc/c*cn3+ dc lh hcchs + 2c0csc <n2l+c+*h +% ch s+ nu c sn s0sdc.s cu ls)sc dc cu*hD% 4s"3s /cs <ncununh 2h) clc. PUNCTUL 6 Db0nul cbn snu+ h"s )unc lh <ncc*ch*c /s* u ch <n c*cu.c ul dc )*bb+% )cn *u ch hu*ul c*cdsn3cs s+ s sc l+0u*chsc+ 0hs s *+lucs b*% *+bdh*ch s+"s *bnc.c 4s s0c*cnsh s+ s sc *clsc2c.c 4s 0hs 0ul : sh* c<nd <s )lhcc s"b hsb+ <n .h)*b)sc*ch sh% h uncs .scc? %%Du" c% c+ nu cs c bsnc s+ h*uncs c<snslb* )<snch cb)sslb*." B*scsnc s"h* dcscu*hDh <n 2h3h unb* h h*c sc0nc dc ds.g*h3sc% dh* 2c0csh chnhncchnc+ c h < dc dc)h* c dc h sc ss03s b2cnsh +. <nc< sc u0slc4 c 4s 0hs /<* bs: hs)*s0slc lus Du0nc.cu n"b s)c*sc )c cch ch*c 4 sc cc"nsch0n+ bh Dbcu*slc dsh/blulus? nu ss0 c dss)*c3u*slc% ch% ch*c"4s cunbh4 c g*c4clslc% <n bh*cc /b*bh% 4s nu dbh* bh0cnslb*% cs 4s lus Du0nc.cu. >Dh% Dbh0nc% .scc ch% dh* 2s*0s u*slc ch*c chd dc lh 0hsh s +)<nslb* s<n ss0b*sslc c+3cslb*: cu unh 0+ 4 su <ns+ c+ s<n <nhsn ch Th% h4h cu0 s)unch S2<n ul *cgc &5% Ds/sn+ 0hs nc2blbss bh*c dcc< un c+3cl% dh* 0hs 4 su c+ Tu c4 s bunul 0cu s +)<n 4s c+% dc /*c0c cc h*+nc4 s )+s+*slc dsn /+.duh% nu 0+ /cs l+sh bc0hs )c 0snc s+ )sc*."
Cu0)+nc4 c cCcc)3sbnhlh s0c*cnsc h hccs cs 2c0cs% nb ch.+ lchls h ch c*cdsn3cs shlc% 2sdcls h ch <nc*cdc*ss% gsng+4sh d*hgbs cs shlc% 4s dhc+ ch sc 0ul3u0c4 c cu b 2s*0s u*+ 4s sbcb c4 c c+ nb*bcul <s )*ssbsc4 c% u% ch*c nu dbb<ndc4 s dbh* b 2s*0s u*+% cs )*s0c4 s bh + )<snch Cc*ulus% u cu h < 0hs 0ul *cbusc s+"s )*c3usc4 s sbh* h 4s s+ hs )h* c dc chQ <n/h3+ hscs s0c*cnsh 4s cCc*cs "b <n s0c*s*s: scbh c )*c3us*c dsn hh <*ul 4s hdb*h*c dsn 0+*c3sh Db0nulus% )c ch*c"& )*s0c4 s. PUNCTUL ( Hu.snd h < ch db/c.s dc h2cc3sunc% Db0nul cCclh0+? >B% 2c0csc% 0h*c cs c c*cdsn3h h% 0h*c s+"3s 2sc 2c*scs*ch: <3s hcb*d cclc cc*u c% 2ssndc+ b 0c*s3s." Db0nul s"h h*+ h h < dc us0s )cn *u ch 4s nbs s+ nc us0s0 4s s+"& s0s +0.
&A &5
#c.s SRc#s, &%&"78. St*ntul rc#c6 Rcgclc Dh/sd )shl0ss ul.
6AA
CUMSNCCTBRUL
Cu0)+nc4 c cc 0ul3u0s*s /h 2s hdus h)bs cch ch*c 0hs"nhsn c s"h h)*b)sh cu h < h u0slsn3+ 4s h /cns s+ cch*+ cu h < h c*cdsn3+% cc *ccunbsc+ bh*c sc /h 2s <n b*s du)+ cc h dbb<nds % cu0 <4s /h 2s <n+l3h glhsul <n *u *ccunb4 sn3+ du)+ cc b 2+cusc hs 2cl cu s *sg+ ul <n *u *ug+Q B% u% ch*c hs dbb<nds b 0slbs cnsc% nu 2+*<"0+ u*s dc hh <*% cs cul0s dc hh*Q 2sc"3s *+s)l+ s + 4s *ccunb4 sn3h: lh gu*+ )lsn+% s *sg+ 0h*c% *+sunc /c4nsc <n gu*h h bshnhlclc du0nc.csc4 s.
MCDSTHSH B Dcsprc "hn, ch rcprc0cnthrc h hccstus Shcrh"cnt6 sc cu"pncsc s*r#usnclc *n str*n#crch cs, dcsktrslc cs c*hd cstc "*ncht 4s *"prc7urrslc *n chrc c pstrht%
PUNCTUL & #cs 0cds h hsu)*h 0snunh cs *<nduscls cc h )*c0c*s lh hccl )b)b* )*s0s*ch h*hncs 0s*hculbhsc. Plchc+ dsn Cgs) 4s dsn <n unccs0slc hccs ush <n c+u h*ch lu0snss% du)+ /cdcnsh )+css: *cc b 0h*c% gcnunc dc nc2c*scs*s% l+s<ndu"s <ncch3s )c /*+D0h4ss lb* dc 0bh* c: u0bl+ )*sn *"b )us sc% 2+*+ s+ cb0unscc cu lu0ch% <n *c3sn<ndu"sc nu0hs cu Du0nc.cu: bchu h)clc 0hncs% <0bs"n<nd *ug+csunch cu ch.nh: lc ls)sc4 c 0<nch*ch )+0<n chn+ ch s" b Dsndushsc+ )c cch h Cc*ulus% c+cs c nc/bsc dc bh + hcchs + 0h*c )*cg+ s*c 4s s+ *+sc4 s /sh3h <ngc*slb* ch s+ 0+n<ncs dsn )<snch lb*. Cu0)+nc4 c u hcu0% dhc+ nu0hs )cn *u ss0bblul% )cn *u b u0b*+ h hccs us hls0cn h )*c0c*s h < h *<ndushl+% dc c< + bh*c /h 2s nc/bsc s)*c h s.bu s s+ 0+n<ncs )<snch su)*hsubs hn3shl+% T*u)ul 4s S<ngclc Db0nulus% ch )c un hls0cn hdc/+*h % sh* nu ss0bblsc: cu0 /h *cbus s+ sc4s dsn *bbsh )+ch ulus% c< dc dc)h* c *cbusc s+ 2ss dc sgnb*hn3h <n unccs0slb* lus: cu0 *cbusc s+ <ngc0+nc.s """"""""""
&8
C2. Sc4srch, &A% &("6A% 4s S!hn, A% 7A"66.
MCDSTHSH B 6A5
*ug+csunch cu ch.nh: cc h)*b)sc*c dc Du0nc.cu% cc *c *hgc*c dsn *c bh0cns% cc hb3snc*c dc lh 0<nc+*u*slc s)u*ch c )cn *u h dbb<nds 0hnh cch hdc/+*h +Q PUNCTUL 7 <n *uc< hu 2bs h < dc bsnc )*cg+ s3s% hu 0c*s h s+ 2sc 0<ng<sh3s dc c+ *c Db0nul. Lc *s0s c hcch 0<nch*c hlchs+% dc ch*c *+0<n us0s3s 4s s+ us: nu lc *s0s c h*hn+ dc )c )+0<n % cs dsn Cc*% ch s+ *+shsc+ /sh3h dc hcblb: nu h*c gus ul unus ssngu* 2cl dc 0<nch*c% cs hl u u*b*h% gus ul )c ch*c 4s"& db*c4 c 2scch*c% ch s+"4s dch sch0h c+ b bsnclc cc 4s"& )b db*s <l /b* g+ss <ncs2*h hcblb% 4s hs 2cl% ulus3s% .scchu? >Cc 0<nch*c ncbbs4nus + cs c hcchs h% /cns + dsn Cc*% *s0ss+ dc 0<nh lus Du0nc.cuO" Cu c< 0hs 0ul c0cs )b3s s)unc u hs +.s? >Cc h*hn+ )*c3sbhs+ c hcchs hO" C*cdsn3h <3s *+s)undc% .sc<nd? >Hccs h c un Cu/<n 2+cu T*u)% 4s hccs h un T*u) 2+cu dc un Cu/<n . Hcchs h c )<snch <ngc*slb* dh + bh0cnslb* s+ b 0+n<ncc: hcchs h c )<snch ch*c 2hcc dcs2+ h*ch *cgslb*: hcchs h c 0hnh cch hdc/+*h + ch*c d+ /sh3+ 4s% <n *"un cu/<n % hs h <nsch0n+ c+ b0ul <l 0+n<nc+ )c Du0nc.cul s+u% ch*c% bun+ h c sn2sns + 2ssnd% <nchsdc"n ssnc bh c gus u*slc c< c s<n : gus "b% /c.s cc dulcc cs c 4s cu0 hducc cu gus ul u u*b* /s* u3slb* 4s hh*u*slb*." PUNCTUL 6 Pcn *u b 0<nch*c h < dc 0ss c*sbhs+% c nc/bsc dc <0)*cDu*+*s 0ss c*sbhsc? sc4chu s+ b hdunc <n .b*s% lh cchsul /s*gsnhl% ch )*s0+ g*sD+ h .slcs: *cbusc s+ c scbls dss"dc"ds0snch3+% s+ c cbs c bun+/bsn3+ 4s *c.sc% <nhsn c s+ *+sh*+ sbh*clc% dcbh*ccc% h < dc dclsch + 4s )u*+ cu0 c% sc b)c4 c lh b*scc 2sc*bsn3chl+ h lu0ss. Kscch*c s+ culchg+ h < h c< <s hDungc% dcbh*ccc nu <ng+dusc hh sc*s b0cnc4 s% nu )bh c 2s )+s *h + )cn *u h dbu+ .s%
2ssndc+ /*ch s+ 2sc )<snc )*bhs)+ + 4s dc bh c .slclc% ch db/hd+ h 2*cc/cn3cs shlc. Sc )*c2hcc su c <n /sc*0s% dc/b*h b*s hs cbn4 ssn3cs /snb/h c. Cu0)+nc4 c cc <0)*cDu*+*s ncs)us dc cChc c 4s dc 0ss c*sbhsc )*c sndc hcchs + Mhn+ <0)+* +4s +. Hs h s+"3s 2sc )*s0h 3sn +% s+ nu c hbh3s c+ *c hl + <ndclc nscs*c% s+ nu )*cgc3s h b c+u h% c+ /cs *+0<nc dc4c* : sh"b <n cu*+3sc% )cn *u ch nu cu0/h% <n lbc dc h"3s dh /sh3+% s+"3s .+0sslchsc+ /sc*0ss 0b*3ss.
6A8 CUMSNCCTBRUL
Bh0cnss hccsh s"hu /+.u hDu b*h3s% dh* n"hu *+0hs <ndh b*h3s% c+cs <ndcbb4 c cclc 0hs 0h*s 0slbs cnss hlc lus Du0nc.cu s<n )l+ s c cu sng*h s udsns hlc b0ulus. Ls s"h h)lcch cu*<nd dc h*hnh cch sh/u*bhs+% <n *uc< % ch 2+) u*s 0h c*shlc% cs nu )c*cc) dcs2+ +*slc s)s*s ulus: hu dss)*c3us )<snch dsn Cc* 4s hu )b2 s lh cc)clc cgs) cnc. M+ c0% su2lc c% ch nu cu0/h s+ 2ss 4s 0hs nc2c*scs dcc< cs% c+cs cu c< c 0hs 0h*c hh <*ul )*s0s dc snc% cu h < 0hs /snb/h + /h 2s 4s nc*ccunb4 sn3h. P*bsl+/c4 c 0hnh cch hdc/+*h + 4s <ndcsc4 c sh/u*h*ch cs dc 0hs 0ul c b*s ch P*b2c ul *cgcsc <n c<n ccclc dc slh/+ )cn *u ccch cc n"h 2bs dcc< ss0bbls.h*c. M<n"d*c4 c" c cu bunul +u gus 4s /+dc4 c3s"& nc0hs*</nsnd 0ul3u0s*slc Dbsnscc hlc )+0<n ulus.
MCDSTHSH A Ch s tc cu"snccs cu c lh sh lus <hhcu%2

PUNCTUL & 8, Du0nc.cul 0cu 4s Db0nul 0cuQ C<nd 2h*sscss <n2u0u*h3s nu ch hdscscsc s1 sc us c lh snc% un 0hs0h*c hl /h0c4slb* <nDc4 c s+ c /hd+. Nu /snc ch s+ cch*+ lchc )cn *u bblslc shlc% ch 4s hl3ss% 4s nscs )cn *u c+ hlc lus h* 2s 2bs 0hs 0h*s% dc /*c0c cc"s hlc su2lc ulus% cs )cn *u c+ nu lc cunbh4 c. <l hducc cu*sb.s h ch dc h c cunbh4 c ch 2+c+ b* dc 0snuns% nu db*sn3h dc h c u*0h ch s2<n . <4s b 2hcc lbc% dh* nu s.bu c4 c% 2ssndc+ bbgh3ss hnc/bsc sc )b h)*b)sh dc Tsnc% s+*0hn 4s bbsds cu0 c4 s dsn nh4 c*c: ns0cns nu"s d+ h cn3sc% c+cs )*ch lc d+dusc cl lb*. #+.<ndu"sc h < dc )u3sn hDu b*h % hb +*+4 c s+ sc susc <n *"un cb)hc% )*ccu0 bh0cnss dc *<nd% 4s% 2+*+ h luh sch0h lh /b*bclc bh0cnslb*% n+/+lc4 c ch s+"& /hd+ )c Du0nc.cu. Cu0)+nc4 c hcu0h% su2lc c hl 0cu% c<nd )lccs s+ c cu0snccs% c+ )b*nc4 s <n c+u h*ch hcclush4s Db0n% )lccs ch s+"& cunb4 s 4s s+"& cbn c0)ls: hu s+ c <0)scdscc hccsdcn clc )<snss ch*c"& <ncbnDu*+ 4s% 0ul 0hs 0ul % s0)c*2cc3sunslc ch*c c hscdsh.+: 4 ssndu" c dccs
sC2.Luch% &'%7"&9. MCDSTHSH A 6A'
scund dc cugc )*ccu0 c*h Zhhcu dc s h u*+% *sdsc+" c dchsu)*h h <nsu3s% u*c+" c <n cb)hcul cbn c0)l+*ss c/lh/sbhsc b*s <n ccl hl c*ucss uncs ch.nc dcs+/<*4s c% <n*+d+csnh )*sn c*cdsn3h cch /sc% /c*dc )*sn n+dcDdc% <nc+*ch dc 2*uc c hlc d*hgbs cs 4s cu bchss cugc ulus chu + s+"& /c.s% *bhg+" c s+"& cbn c0)ls. PUNCTUL 7 Zhhcu c /cdch% Dbh0nc% <n *u dc)lsnh"s 0ul3u0s*c% dsn cb)hc% cu b h < h bucu*sc c< +"s 2uscsc db*sn3h: sc )*c2+cch <n bchs ch s+ c /hd+% 4s Tu <n sns0s ch s+ 2ss /+.u : sc bucu*h dc )*c.cn3h h du0nc.cshsc+% *+sh <n su2lc ul s+u u*0+*s 0s*hculbhsc% sh* c<nd hs hDuns s+ s c hl+ u*s% l"hs )*s/s )c ccl cc c )*s/ch% 3s"hs <n+l3h bchss ds/sns% ch*c% )*s/s3s shu )*s/snd% hu 2bs )u*u*ch bsnc2+c+ b*s. #b*bh 3s s"h dus du)+ cs% 4s chsh* h2cc ul% 4s% nu0sndu"& )c nu0clc lus% ch s+ )*scch)+ c+"s hcb*.s h cn3sc 4s c+ s)*c cl sc <nd*u0+ un h < dc 0h*c hh <*? >Zhhcc% <s s)us% cbbbh"*+" c dcg*hb+% c+cs hs +.s /*chu s+ )*s0csc g+.dus*c c< 0hs shns + <n chsh h." B% cc us0s*c bucu*bhs+ /h 2s *+s)uns uncs 2c*scs*s h < dc ncg<nds cQ B% c< dc 0ul <nsch0n+ s +*usn3clc b0ulus c+ *c Db0nul% dc /*c0c cc unul ch*c <nhsn c /*c0c sbcb ch d*c) b 0h*c 2c*scs*c s+ )bh + hDungc h c /cdch dc dc)h* c% cbbbh*+ hcu0h dsn cb)hc% sc h)*b)sc hcu0h dc snc% /snc l<ng+ snc 4s sc h4h.+ lh 0hs+ cu TsncQ M+ s0hgsnc. u*ch <n cb)hcul cbn c0)l+*ss% *ch.c0 hl 0scs0ss 0clc% db*s b* s+"& /+d 4s s+"& cunbsc )c Db0nul% ch*c% s *sg<ndu"0+ )c nu0c% <0s s)unc? >Zsc 3sc% cbbbh*+" c% /snb Dbs% h)*b)sc" c dc 0snc% ccl <0)+* +4s % /snb s+ c cu0snccs% c+cs hs +.s c dc 0h*c <nsc0n+ h c )cn *u 0snc s+ h2lu g+.dus*c <n )sc) ul +u." Zscc hs +.s% dccs n"b l+sh )c 0<snc. Csnc 4 sc dc /cs 0hs h/ch s0)O s dhc+ Db0nul s)unc c+ h*c <nsc0n+ h c )cn *u 0slbs cnsh sh% cu h < 0hs 0ul )cn *u sc+lb4sh 0ch. D+ 2ugh% b% su2lc c hl 0cu% s+"& )*s0c4 s cu g*hb+ <n2l+c+*h +% hs 2cl <nc< s+ nu sc hd*csc.c unush su*d dc nc4 ssn3+% unush lcnc4 dc nc*ccunb4 sn3h. PUNCTUL 6 Cu c< + )*b0) s udsnc /h 2s hscul h ZhhcuQ <n )*s0ul *<nd /h 2s <ngcnunchch 4s hdb*h )scsbh*clc cc bsnc/bshu s+"s chlcc )*hgul chscs: /h 2s /bs ch hcchs h% cu un hsc0cnch )*slcD% s+"s 2sc )hlh
370 CUMSNCCTBRUL
0+*c3% /*cdnsc s+ g+.dushsc+ )c un bhs)c c h < dc 0h*c. Cu0 <s /h.0hs 2s )us <nhsn c b cc h/ch% h4 c*n<ndu"s b ul lh )scsbh*c ch unush ch*c lh 2cl <4s <0)+*3ch b ul <n 0<snslc s+*hcslb*. >Ju0+ h c% .scc cl% dsn h/c*ch 0ch% Dbh0nc% b dhu dc )b0hn+"% 4s 2+*+"ndb"shl+ dc hscs s s"h n+scu 2c*scs*ch% 2ssndc+ dc lh g+.dus*ch s+*hculus *ccs lh )*s0s*ch Db0nulus: dc lh h*+ns*ch cc*4c b*ulus hDungs s+"
& 0+n<ncs )c Du0nc.cu. C<nd sc /h 2s /+.u <ns+ h4c.h lh 0hs+ cu Db0nul% ls)s dc Hcclh )c ch*c nscs s+"& /hd+ dc lh dss hn3+ nu s sc <ng+dussc% cc bucu*sc <s /h 2s <ncc*ch su2lc ulQ Nu"4s /h 2s <nc+)u <n ssnc dc 0ul3u0s*c% /+.<nd c+ <n chsh lus <nch)c Du0nc.cu ccl nc0+*gsns . Cu0)+nc4 c u% c<nd c /c.s h4c.h lh 0hsh hl h*ulus% 0ul 0hs h)*b)sh dc C*ss bs% c+cs nu dbh* c h4c.s l<ng+ cl% cs"& ss03s chsh* <n l+un *ul )sc) ulus +u% )+.s <n s<nul +u. Cc 0h*c <3s /h 2s 2ssnd 0ul3u0s*chQ Pc lu0c n"h* 0hs 2s hl h hsc0cnch cs )cn *u snc: )*c3us*ch *+s)undc hh <*ulus% 4s"n snc sc *c.c4 c b nccu*0h + db*sn3+ dc h"& *cdbb<nds% cb0)cns<ndu"3s 0<hns*ch dc"h 2s )sc*du <n *ccu h < ch Cb0unsuns cu dchsh lb* *c)c h*c <n /ss b*. PUNCTUL ( Zhhcu h *+0hs )c c< dc bucu*bs% )c"h < dc *ccunbsc+ b*% <n *uc< ccs u0sls s<n ncs)us dc *ccunbsc+ b*s: b ul ls sc )h*c 0hs 0ul dcc< su2scscn % 4s cu h < 0hs /<* bs un hh <* h < dc )u3sn 0c*s h : sc bucu*h <0)*cun+ cu )*sc cnss s+s% c<4 sg<ndu"s )c b3s dc )h* ch lus Du0nc.cu. Cc 0ul3u0s*s <s /h 2s hdus Db0nulus% b2c*sndu"s b cc"h/ch% 4s"n )*s0ul *<nd sns0hQ >Dc hs +.s% Lbh0nc% dc c<nd c"h0 cunbscu % /bs <ncc)c s+ c sluDcsc: h 2bs b schs0bh*c dc"h d*ch) h h." L"h *sdsch )c cl Db0nul ch s+"& bsnccu/<n c.c% cb)lc4sndu"s chsh dc h/u3ss 4s su2lc ul dc dcs+/<*4s*s. Cu0)+nc4 c cu c< 0hs *ccunbsc+ b* *cbusc s+ c h*+3s u% c+cs dhc+ hcblb Db0nul h bsnc/bs s+ sn *c <n chsh /h0c4ulus hcclush% hscs% <n )sc) ul +u: hcblb l"h )b2 s Zhhcu )c Db0nul% hscs Db0nul <nsu4s c bs)+ ch.+: hcblb Zhhcu s"h b2c*s bh + chsh lus% hscs *cbusc u s+"3s b2c*s b su2lc ul 4s 0sn ch ch s+"& cunb4 s% h2cc3sunch ch s+"& subc4 s% s0)lb*<ndu"& s+"3s dch bsnccu/<n h*ch sh nu ch unus 2su hl lus H/*hh0% cs hl hcclus 0h*c P+*sn c ch*c *+sc4 c 4s db0nc4 c )cs c bh c /chcu*slc. H0sn.
MCDSTHSH 5
65&
MCDSTHSH 5 Ch s tc cu"snccs cu *ncrcdcrch kc"css chrc h htsns ts ul hhsncs lus Crsst!s79

PUNCTUL & l"ugc + cu0 2c0csh hcchs h% du)+ cc h )+ s0s h <3sh hns un 0h*c ncch. <n /sh3+% bc c4ug hl /snss% 4s% du)+ cc"h /+.u c< dc )u3sn b hDu hsc*+ 0cdscss dc )c )+0<n % h.s *ccu*gc lh Cc*: sc <nh*0ch.+% <n lbcul )l+3ss% cu <nc*cdc*c bbgh + <n )u c*ch 4s /*c*ch Db0nulus: 4 sc c+% )cn *u Mcdscul hccs h Ds/sn% h dh <nsch0n+ h cc*c% h4h <hc< /snc .sc<nd? > su c+ dhc+ s.bu csc s+ h sng 2sc 4s un 2s* dc lh hhsnh lus% 0s"& /bs 2hcc ssgu*% dc4s"s sub3s*c% )c ccl hl /sc3ss 0clc." B% 0h*c 2c0cscQ B% 0h*c 0slbs cnsc h Db0nulusQ Hl3s 0cdscs <l h sng cs )c bblnh/ ch s+"& lccushsc+% hscs <l h sngc bblnh/ul )c Mcdsc ch s+ sc /sndccc. >Cu <s cunbsc% .scch ch% nc"s2<*4s h /s* u c: 0h*c c )u c*ch lus% lh 2cl dc 0h*c bun+ h ch: cs c )c c< dc )u c*nsc% )c"h < dc 0slbs s/: s"hDung cu s+"& h sng% 4s Cl h*c s+ 0+ /sndccc." Rccunbh4 c"3s g*h/clc bc c4ugu*s ch*c"3s 01hncsc su2lc ul cu ncdcs+/1*4s*s% hccl 2luC dc )h s0s% *c2luC dc )+ch c: nu *c4 c"n snc b 0h*c db*sn3+ dc h c /sndcch% d*c) )*s0+ )*cg+ s*c h <ns+n+ b4s*ss% <n3clcgc c+ hscs <l hs )c <nsu4s Mcdscul ds/sn cc /sndcc+ h <3sh bblnh/s: d+ 2ugh cu c*cdsn3+ /sc% cu c*bsc+ <nc*cdc*c c+ b lchcul +u cs c s+"& h sngs 4s s+"& )*s0c4 s. PUNCTUL 7 Tu*0h 0ul3s0ss <l <0)*csu*h dsn bh c )+*3slc )c M<n us b*ul% 0c*gch <ncbnDu*h dc sns0s% hsss h dc ss03s*s% 4s dc"hccch nu"s 2+cchu lbc 2c0css ch s+ sc )bh + h)*b)sh s)*c h"s cc*c lccus*ch 2h3+ c+ *c 2h3+% c+cs b dchunh ls sc )un )scdscs 0h*s <n chlc cclb* cc chu + h sc h)*b)sh dc Du0nc.cu. #+.<nd hccs ch% ch /h 2s s)us? >Nu 0c*s cu 2c*scs*ch dc h"s )u ch /b*bs Db0nulus 4s Du0nc.culus 0cu% c+cs nu s<n dcc< )*h2 4s ccnu4+% 4 su <ns+ c+ )u c*ch
79
C2. Mhrc!, B% 7("6(.
lus c h < dc 0h*c% c+ 4s nu0hs dc"s /bs h sngc sghclul hhsncs% 0+ /bs /sndcch." Ch h c*c.u % sh* Db0nul h luc*h : ch h h sns hhsnh 4s"n cls)+ s"h 2+cu bsnc. Mul3s l"hu <0bul.s )c Db0nul 4s b nu s"hu /sndcch : ch dh% 4s h /cns dbh* cu c*cdsn3+ /sc% cu <nc*cdc*c /c4nsc+: nu dbh* cu 0<nh &"h h sns% cs s"h <nsb3s "b cugc ul cs <n2l+c+*h 4s &"h h sns )c Db0nul lh cbh*dh cch 0hs ss03s bh*c% 0+*c3sh 0slbs cnscs shlc.
Cu0)+nc4 c hcu0h u% ch*c /ss s+ c cu0snccs% cu c< 0hs 0h*c c 2c*scs*ch h% dc /*c0c cc"s h sngs nu dbh* s/ul /c40<n ulus% cs )c Db0nul b : <l <0b*+3s4c.s% <l s *<ngs% <l <nchs.s <n )sc) ul +u% <l 0+n<ncs <n *cg: <n c3c4 c"3s% dh*% c*cdsn3h% h)*sndc"3s 0slh% *ccu"nbh4 c"3s 2c*scs*ch% )*c3usc4 c )*slcDul 4s% dc /*c0c cc h sngs sghclul dh*u*slb* shc*h0cn hlc% nu *c4 c b 0h*c <nc*cdc*c c+ b s+ bb3ss <ns+n+ b4s*ch dc)lsn+ dc bh c /scsslc 4s )h s0slc hlc. PUNCTUL 6 >Csnc s"h h sns dc 0sncO% h s)us nu0hsdcc< C*ss bs% sh* S2<n ul Pc *u? >B Dbh0nc% h <3sh 4s dsn bh c )+*3slc c <0bul.csc 4s 0hs <n *cbs? Csnc s"h h sns dc 0sncO" ><n *"hdc/+*% c+cs dc4s 0ul3s sc h)*b)sc dc Ssus% nu"& h sng )u c*nsc 4s nscs nu"& hdb*+ cu cugc ul? ch <ns+ cu hdc/+*h &"h h sns lh cbh*dh cch 0hs ss03s bh*c h ncs2<*4s cs lus bun+ +3s: ch% cu c/lh/sc 2sc*bsn c: cs% cu nc)sb4cnsc 4s% ch h h*c% nscs Db0nul nu"s ss0 c% nscs cs nu"s ss0 )u c*ch ds/sn+. Hscul + cu0 c <n *chb+ hs +.s C*ss bs <nsu4s? >M"hs h sns bh*c% su2lc c% cu c*cdsn3+ /scO Tc"hs cu0sncch cu c/lh/sc 2sc*bsn c shu nu0hs dsn bbs4nusn3+O Csnc bh*c 0"h h sns )u c*nscO" B% c<3s hDung s+ sc cu0snccc 2+*+ h"& h sngc Db0nul% nscs 0+ch* <n ccl 0hs nc<nsc0nh 2s* hl /c40<n ulusQ C<3s nu"& )*s0csc 2+*+ cu/cns h )*cg+ s*cQ s hs 2cl% 2+*+ 2blbs% nu"4s /sndcc+ *+nslc% 2ssndc+ nu"& h sng cu sns0slc lb*: nu sc lccuscsc% 2ssndc+ nu sc <ng*sDcsc. Dc hscs% scbh c b 0h*c <nsu2lc3s*c ch s+ c h)*b)ss dc Du0nc.cul hccs h <0)+* +4s % <n h4h 2cl% <nc< Cl s+"3s ss0 + h)*snsh c/lh/sc 4s u s+"s <ncc*cs 2h/bh*ch. PUNCTUL ( Kc0csh sc 0s*+ dc ccch cc ss0 c 4s dc ccch cc hudc% dc 2h) ul c+ /cdc b 0snunc du)+ hl h% )lsn+ dc <n2*scb4h*c 4s dc d*hgbs c% dcb)b *s/+ c+ s"h /+.u su*)*sns+ 4s /sndcch +% <4s 0+* u*ssc4 c
MCDSTHSH 8 373
dcb)b *s/+ nc/*cdnscsh 4s 2c*scs*ch% hducc 0ul3u0s*s 0slbs cnsslb* lus. H nu0s "b 2ssc+ h Db0nulus% cbn2s*0<ndu"4s hs 2cl bsnccu"/<n h*ch% 4s s"h cc*u sh*+4s <nc*cdc*ch% dc /*c0c cc s"h 2bs h < dc bsnc cu ch. Cu0)+nc4 c cc 0ul3u0s*s sc chdc s+ hducs u unus Du0nc.cu ch*c 3s"h <n sns nu dbh* un 2s* dsn /c40<n % cs b *u)ul 4s s<ngclc s+u: ch*c nu"3s <ng+dusc dbh* s+ c h sngs dc cl% cs s+"& 0+n<ncs. Ksc% dh*% s+"3s dc)cns 2s*ul lhudclb* c+ *c cl% 2+*+ h"& *u)c <n /ccs. B% cu c< 0hs 0h*c <nd*c) +3s*c sc /h )u ch nu0s 2su hl lus Du0nc.cu ccl cc sc <0)+* +4c4 c cu /*cdnscscQ C+cs h4h cu0 2sul *+sc4 c )*sn h +% lh 2cl 4s csnc sc cu0sncc+ *+sc4 c )*sn C*ss bs% )cn *u c+ sc h*+nc4 c dsn *u)ul lus% *+sc4 c <n *u C*ss bs )cn *u c+ d+snusc <n *u Cl. Scbh c dc"hscs b d*hgbs c )lsn+ dc /cnc*h3sc <n cls)h"n ch*c hDungs s+ h sngs cu bu.clc% cu ls0bh 4s cu *+*unchss +s )c Db0nul hccs h <0)+* +4s % 4s 2hc+"sc s+ *+0<s )c c< dc lccus % )c"h < dc *ccunbsc+ b*.
MCDSTHSH 8 Dcsprc sntshrch clu !tulus lc#ss *n chsh lus B!cd3Cd!" 4s cu" h u"plut3! dc !snccu *ntss:5
PUNCTUL & #bn c0)l+ <nd*+.nchlh cch )cdc)ss + h lus U.h% cc <n2*scb4h*c /h 2s s <*ns <n ccs dc 2h3+Q Hu *c0u*h b3s 0s*cnss c<nd l"hu /+.u 0b* )c )*cb 4s /b* 2s s)us? >Dhc+ hccs h% dbh* )cn *u c+ h <n sns 0<nh s+ s)*sDsnc Chs/b ul lh )*s0cDdsh c0u +% )l+ c4 c hs 2cl% cc bh*c nu s s"h* cu/cns hcclush ch*c l"h* g+.dus <n chs) nc/*cdnscQ" Cl h *sdsch 0<nh 4s b3s 4s"hu )us"b lh )sc) : b3s s"hu s)c*sh 4s s"hu *c *hs: )<n+ 4s *cgclc ccl s2<n s"h <ndbs % sbcb sndu"& ncdc0n% dc )hlh ul s+u *cghl )cn *u un bhs)c c h < dc 0+*c3 4s s s"h )+*u c+ c nc<ndcs ul+ b* )cn *u un hlhs h < dc du0nc.cscsc. #cs 2s cu0)+nsnd u% hcu0h% c+ dhc+ un chs/b % ch*c nu c*h dcc< b u0b*+ h hccs us S2<n Shc*h0cn % c h < dc /cghch dc Db0nul% ch*c s0)unc h < h *cs)cc 2h3+ dc cl 4s /*ch s+ 2sc *h h cu h < h 0+*c3sc% cc /cnc*h3sc% cc s2shl+% cc cu*+3sc /b* 2s bh*c
7&
C2. S Rc#s GSh"ucl5, A% &"79: SS Rc#s HSh0ucP% A% &"&7. CUMSNCCTBRUL
dc hDuns ch s+"& )b3s )*s0s u )c <nsu4s u*sh4ul 4s ncs2<*4s ul Du0nc.cu% cu)*sns <n Bs sh hcchs hO Dhc+ <ngc*ss hsss + cu <n2*scb4h*c% cu0 s+ c h)*b)ss u 2+*+ s2shl+O Dhc+ nscs )u*s h ch *h.clb* dc sbh*c nu"s dc hDuns ch *hcl+% cu0 s+"s 2sc ccn *u cu/ssncsbs Dbsnscsh sns0ss hlc% nccu*+3sh cugc ulus +uO <n/h3+ b /cnc*h3sc <n2*scb4h + 4s b <n2*scb4h*c *cs)cc ubhs+% ch s+ s.bu c4 s h <nchsdc bh + M+*c3sh dc nccu)*sns h Cc*ulus <n l+ch4ul s *<0 hl )sc) ulus +u. PUNCTUL 7 Rcgclc )b*uncc4 c s+ 2sc dus Chs/b ul nu <n chsh unus )*sncs)c% cs <n cch h unus b+*bh /s* ubs% hcchs h 2ssnd hdc/+*h h nbblc3c? c*h 0h*c <n bchss Db0nulus% dcbh*ccc c*h s0c*s <n hs s+s. Cc*ul h cbn2s*0h hlcgc*ch cu bsnc2hcc*s <n0ul3s c: nu0c*bhsc <s c*hu /s* u3slc% dh* 0hs 0h*c u0slsn3h% 0h*c 0c*s ul% dh* lh 2cl dc 0h*c 0bdcs sh. <l chc0h Bbcd"Cdb0% ccch cc <nsch0n+ slug+ h Db0nulus% c+cs c un 0h*c s s0ulcn )cn *u 0+*c3sh cch /sc s+"& /hd+ *bbsndu"s"sc )c"hcclh cc u*0ch.+ h b )*s0s: u0slsn3h c 2s*0h ch*c nc h*h + hhnul lus Du0nc.cu. Sc sbcb ch 0hs nc/*cdnsc dcc< b3s s+ g+.dushsc+ Chs/b ul hchs+ lh cl% dh* h 2+cu "b dsn hscul h*c 4s h )u u hs 2cl s+ c<n c /sc b*sslc bb3snu c% dh* nu s+ 4s nu0c*c 0slbs s/s*slc )*s0s c. Cu c< + h+*nscsc 4s"b /h
2s h*hnDh % <0)bdbbsnd"b 0hs 0ul cu /s* u3s dcc< cu bbg+3ssQ Nu /h 2s ls)ss 2*sch dc Du0nc.cul ccl subs b*% du)+ cu0 nscs d*hgbs ch cch 0hs s2sclnsc+. Cu0)+nc4 c c+ h.s *cbusc s+ bs)c3c4 s nu u0b*h% cs )c Sbh*clc <nsu4s% chsh* dhc+ <n nb*ul hccsdcn clb*: nu ss0bblul% cs *chls h ch unus Du0nc.cu *chl0cn c 4s cu hdc/+*h <nchss <n hcchs + Bs sc: nu <n chsh h% cs <n )sc) ul +u. Cu0 *cbusc s+ c *<ndusc4 s% cu0 *cbusc s+ <0)bdbbc4 s c0)lul su2lc ulus +u cu bbg+3sc dc /s* u3s% cu bdbh*c dc 0c*s cQ #c.s c+ hs +.s Rcgclc Cc*ulus )b*uncc4 c s+ sn *c Chs/b ul T*u)ulus s+u <0)+* +4s sub hcb)c*s4ul +u% <n chsh* *+*unchss +s: sh sch0h% h4hdh*% cu cc ulbu*h*c *cbusc s+"& )*s0c4 s% cu cc /cnc*h3sc s+"& )*ch0+*c4 s. PUNCTUL 6 Chs/b ul Db0nulus h sn *h <n chsh ,&s Bbcd"Cdb0% <n <s )+* sns + ch s+"& )*s0chsc+ 4s h)bs 2c*scs + ch s+ )*s0chsc+ bsnc"
MCDSTHSH 8 375
cu/<n +*s? nu h 2bs b chs+ gbhl+% cs )lsn+ dc c/lh/sc: nccu0 Chs/b ul% cs )lsn 4s cl dc cb0b*slc Cc*ulus% cb)lc4snd"b dc 2c*scs*s. Cc bucu*bs sc /h 2s )b0cns Bbcd"Cdb0 c<nd h /+.u c+"n lbcul hs)*s0slb* c0u c h/ch )h* c dc hh <*u*sQ Hs 2cl s<n *+s)l+ s c sluDs*slc <n su)unc*c% dh*u*slc dc u0slsn3+Q Db0nul s"h )l+ s bsnc bs)c3sh% c+cs% ch *cgc h < dc 0h*c% undc sn *+ cl% nu 0hs cs c nscsbdh + 0s.c*sc. Cu0)+nc4 c u% cc 0slbs s/s*s nu"3s )b3s 2+g+dus <n .suh <n ch*c hccs Chs/b hdc/+*h % nu gbl% cs )lsn dc Mhnh ds/sn+ h T*u)ulus 4s S<ngclus lus C*ss bs% Db0n 4s Du0nc.cu hdc/+*h % sn *+ <n )sc) ul +u. Hcclh h 2bs cu sh% hccs h gsu/hsc*ul: hcclh h u0)lu dc bunu*s chsh lus Bbcd"Cdb0% )cn *u c+ h 2bs ss0bblul hccs csh. Cu c< 0hs 0ul <3s /h u0)lc dc hh <*u*s sns0hQ Kblbsc4 c )*slcDul )c ch*c"& hs: sh sch0h c+ hscs s<n bh c cb0b*slc lus Du0nc.cu% 0snh cch bbgh + h Hh*ulus: <n/h3+ s+ cc*s% c+cs )c <nsu4s *cgclc <n )c*sbhn+ <l g+.dusc4 s <n *+*unchss +s. PUNCTUL ( Rccunb4 sn3h lus Bbcd"Cdb0 4s"h u u*b* cclb* dsn chsh lus nu h 2bs cch 0hs 0sc+ dsn *c 0slbs cnsslc )*s0s c% bh chsh* h 2bs h < dc 0h*c% <nc< s"h dc/cns *cnu0c? nu sc /b*bch dcs)*c hl cc/h <n b Ss*hclul% sl+/sndu"sc bh c 2c*scs*slc dsn chsh Sus: sc <n *ccchu cu nb*bcul lus% bsnc h* 2s 2bs 4s cu /s* u ch"s. P<nh 4s s2<n ul *cgc Dh/sd. <nsu2lc3s h uncs% s"h s *+dus s+ duc+ Chs/b ul <n )hlh ul s+u *cghl% db*nsc s+ luc*c.c <n *u sluDs*s 4s s+ sh )h* c lh bsnc2hcc*s. B% u% ch*c hs +.s c"hs cu0sncch % )+.c4 c" c s+ nu h0u3c4 s )cn *u lhudclc ds/snc: *ccunb4 sn3h 2hcc )h* c dsn 0slbs cnsc 4s% dc /*c0c cc c *ccunb4 s 4s 0hs 2h/b*s.h dcc< Bbcd"Cdb0% h*h +" c <nc+ 4s 0hs *ccunbsc+ b*? hccs c 0ul3u0s*s 2s"/b* ghDul unb* nbs hh <*u*s 4s% dc /*c0c cc b3s c+scnss +s hu )h* scs)h lh 0slbs cnsslc ds/snc% bh c )u c*slc 4s bh c 2hcul +3slc hlc bs cnchsc+"sc <n *u lhudh Db0nulus: )b2 c4 c gcnc*h3sslc gcnc*h3sslb* ch% <0)*cun+ cu s2<n ul Rcgc P*b2c % s+ c hDu c h c<n h 0slbs cnsslc Db0nulus <n /ccss /ccslb*. H0sn.
CUMSNCCTBRUL MCDSTHSH ' 377
MCDSTHSH ' Ch s tc ducs lh cu"sncchrc cu "!dcstsh Sk*ntulus Pctru::

PUNCTUL & #ugc + c+% dhc+ Sbhn h 0c*s h s+ )*s0chsc+ h < ch hh <*u*s dsn )h* ch Ds/snulus s+u <n/+3+ b* dh b*s + nc)*sh+ns*ss% Pc *u lc"h dbb<nds dh b*s + u0slsn3cs. Sbhn h 2bs uccnscul subs % Pc *u ccl u0sls ? h/ch s+ 2sc ch)ul Bssc*scss 4s su)c*sb* u u*b*h )*sn dc0ns h ch sh% cs cl s"h h4 c*nu lh )scsbh*clc u u*b*h )*sn u0slsn3h sh. Pc c< <l *hns)b* h uncb*s c/lh/sh <n2l+c+*h +% )c"h < h"& <n2*<nh 0bdcs sh: nu <nd*+.nch s+"& <n *cbc )c Db0nul% 4s h4h <l <n *cbh Db0nul )c cl: c<nd ccslhl3s )*c sndchu s+ 2sc <n )*s0clc *<ndu*s. cl nu sc sbcb ch /*cdnsc s+ s ch <nhsn ch <n/+3+ b*ulus s+u. Mul3u0s dc hcchs + 0bdcs sc% Db0nul% )+*+ssnd cclclhl c b+*cs% sc u*c+ <n *"h lus% dsn ch )*cdsc+ 4s"n ch sc bdshnc4 c: Pc *u su)b* h 0us *+*slc% dh* sc bucu*h dc hh <*u*s dcbscbs c. Cu0)+nc4 c cc bun+ )b*ns*c c u0slsn3h ch s+ sc4s <n <n 10)snh*ch unus Db0n c+*ush <s )lhc h < dc 0ul ccs u0sls 4s% <n /cdc*ch cu0sncc+*ss% s *+dusc4 c" c s+ c <nh*0c.s cu hcchs + s2<n + 0bdcs sc: *c *hgc" c *ccunbsc<ndu"3s Dbsnscsh% )cn *u ch Db0nul s+ 3s"b sh <nhsn c% 2+c<ndu" c s+ c bucu*s dc 0+*c3sh lus: h4h.+" c )c ul s0ul lbc lh du0nc.cscscul bs)+3% c+cs Db0nul c /h u*ch 0hs sus: u0slc4 c" c cu c< 3ss 0hs 0ul sh )lhcs unus Db0n hs c+*us bchs 2ug du)+ ccs bl<n.s 4s ccs 0scs. PUNCTUL 7 Nchdb*0s3s% H)bs blss hu *uds b nbh) c"n *chg+ 4s ns0sc n"hu )*sns% 2ssndc+ nu"s hsss h Ds/snul lb*
<n/+3+ b*: s + chu <n <n unc*sc 2+*+ /+.ul lus 4s .hdh*nsc 2+*+ hDu b*ul lus% c+cs dhc+ Cl ls)sc4 c% ns0sch nu sc <nchcsc cu nb*bc. s h *ccu nbh) ch ls)scs lus% ds0snch3h Sbh*clc Ds/sn h /cns 4s b ul s"h cb/<*4s dc /bsbhsclc"s <n*<u*s*s. S2<n ul Pc *u h dcschss bchss c*cdsn3cs 4s s"h cunbscu )c ssnc 4s )c <n/+3+ b*ul s+u Ds/sn% 4s"h *ccunbscu )*b)*sh"s sl+bscsunc 4s )u c*ch Db0nulus s+u% Dbsnscsh sh 4s 0+*c3sh lus: <n ssnc
Cs. S!hn, 7&% &B"&'.
<nsu4s n"h g+ss ns0sc 4s <n Du0nc.cu b ul% h4h c+ h s)us? >Du0"nc.cscsculc <n/+3+ b*% bh + nbh) ch h0 /<sls 4s n"h0 2+cu ns0sc% c+cs 2+*+ Tsnc nu s<n c0 4s nu <nsc0n+0 ns0sch: dh* hcu0% <n nu0clc +u h*unch"/bs 0*cDclc." H4h h 4s 2+cu cu c*cdsn3+ 4s <ncc*ch*ch s"h s.bu s cu <ndbs nb*bc% <n *uc< hu )u u u0)lc h0<ndbu+ b+*cslc cu )cscus <0bcl4ugh . B% su2lc c hl 0cu% u% ch*c bh + nbh) ch /sc3ss hccs csh <n unccbhsc c /c.s. h0cnsn3h s+ c scu2un.s )c 0h*ch cch ncs h b*nsc+ h lu0ss% undc nscs ssgu*hn3+% nscs shn+ n"hs cu0 s+ g+sc4 s% hscul + cc"3s s)unc Db0nul dsn chs/b ul hcclh? >H*unc+ n+/bdul db*sn3clb* hlc )c 0<nh d*ch) + h hdc/+*h clb* 2c*scs*s 4s"3s /cs u0)lc s<nul cu h/u3sslc cclc /c4nscc: cu2und+ 0*chDh c+ *c s<nul hccs cs Bs ss 4s c /cs s+ u*h nu cu )c4 ss ccs gus b4s% cs cu *u)ul 0cu." P*s/c4 c"& cu bchss c*cdsn3cs lus Pc *u% cb0)h*+ s+*+csh h cu bbg+3sh lus% )u3sn+ h ch h cu ncs2<*4s*ch lus: sl+bscsunch h cu h b )u c*nscsh lus: u ns0sch 4s cl b ul% 4s s)unc"s? >Dbh0nc% 2+*+ Tsnc ns0sch nu s<n % ns0sch nu <nsc0n 4s ns0sch nu )b ." PUNCTUL 6 Sc u0)lc dc ulbu*h*c S2<n ul Pc *u% sbcb sndu"sc )+c+ bs% <nhsn ch hcclcs s0cnsc bun+ +3s% sc ns0scc4 c nc)u sncsbs <nhsn ch sn2sns cs )u c*s 4s% )lsn dc u0sl+ 0bdcs sc% /+.<ndu"sc <n )*c.cn3h Db0nulus% cCclh0+ c0+ b* 4s .scc )+ *uns dc *cs)cc ? >Dbh0nc% du" c dc lh 0snc% c+ s<n un 0h*c )+c+ bs% )lchc+ u dc /*c0c cc cu nu )b 2ugs dc Tsnc"% ch*c /h s+ .sc+? >Csnc s<n cuO Csnc c4 s Tu% Dbh0ncO Cu% b 2+) u*+ Dbsnsc+: Tu% H b )u c*nscul C*ch b*: cu% nc4 ssn3h <ns+4s: Tu% <n3clc)csunch sn2sns +: cu% 4ub*cd% hs +.s s<n 4s 0<snc dss)h*: Tu% ncls)ss 4s c c*n: cu% un /sc*0c sc+lbs hl )+0<n" ulus: Tu% Mbnh*hul Su/c*hn hl Cc*u*slb*: cu% slhb: Tu% h b )u c*nsc: cu% 0+*gsns : Tu% u*sh4: cu% s+*0hn cc*4c b*% Tu% bbg+3sh Th +lus: cu% nc/bsh4: Tu% sndc)cndcn : cu% <n s2<*4s % ns0sch% 4s Tu% b ul. Db0nul 0cu 4s Du0nc.cul 0cu% cu0 bh*c 0+ *hb.s <nhsn ch hO" B% su2lc c hl 0cu% cu c< 0hs 0ul c0cs hs )u ch u s)unc 4s cCclh0h ch S2<n ul Pc *uQ C+cs dhc+ cl% dbh* )cn *u c+ cs c <nhsn ch Db0nulus sc ulbu*+ 4s sc ns0scnscc4 c hs 2cl% u% ch*c nu dbh* c h2ls <n ds/snh lus )*c.cn3+% cs"& 4s h sngs cu bu.c nccu*h c% <l )*s0c4 s <n *"b gu*+ s)u*ch +% <l )us <n *"un )sc) h < dc nccsb)ls % <l <nchs.s <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h <n *+*unchss +s% cu0 dc nu s *sgs% .sc<nd? >Dbh0nc% )lchc+ dc lh 0snc% c+ s<n ccl 0hs 0h*c dsn *c )+c+ b4sO Cu0 dc 0+ )b3s *+bdh <nhsn ch h%
658 CUMSNCCTBRUL
Du0nc.cul 0cu% )c 0snc 4s bh c hlc 0clcO Cu% ns0scul 4s bh c ns"0scnscsslc." Cu c< + /cnc*h3sc% cu c< + 0snunh*c% cu c< + ulbu*h*c *cbush s+ /ss ch s+ c cu0snccs <n 2h3h uncs 0+*c3ss h < dc s0cnscQ PUNCTUL ( Db0nul nu"& <ndc)+* ch.+ dsnhsn c sh )c Pc *u% cs% ds0)b *s/+% <l unc4 c 4s 0hs s *<ns cu ssnc: c h < dc )u3sn dss)us s+"4D <n bh*c+ dc lh u0slsn3h lus bchss% <nc< cs 2ug du)+ ch: nu"s *c2u.+ chs)ul s+u% cs"s d+*usc4 c chsh* sns0h 4s"s 0ul3u0c4 c )cn *u 0bdcs sh lus s2sbhs+% chu + s+"s <nc*cdsn3c.c cb0b*slc shlc% 0+*g+*s h*clc cclc 0hs scu0)c 4s ch*c"& cbs + ccl 0hs 0ul % 0sclu4css 4s bslc shlc. Pc *u h *+0hs lh 2cl dc *ccubsc+ b*% )c c< 2uscsc <nhsn c dc *c *hs% dc dbu+ b*s ulbu*h dc *c)c h h bl<ndc3c h Db0nulus s+u% 4s% dhc+ <nhsn c sc sus *+gch )*c.cn3cs shlc% hcu0h sc g*+bc4 c s+"s hduc+ lhud+% *+scu0)+*<ndu"4s nc<nc*cdc*ch cu s0c*cnss% cu 0ul3u0s*s sns0bhsc )cn *u nb*bcul s+u. B% Db0nul 0cu 4s bh + h/u3sh 0chQ Cu c< 0hs <ndh b*h 0+ *ccunbsc cu h.s% c<nd /sn s+ c )*s0csc% dcbh*ccc nu dbh* <0s <ng+dusc4 s s+ s hu <nhsn ch ncs2<*4s cs hlc 0+*c3ss% cs bsnc/bsc4 s s+ s hs Tu <nsu3s% <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h % <nl+un *ul )sc) ulus 0cuQ Tu <n 0snc 4s cu <n Tsnc% c+cs Tu <0s c4 s ccn *u 4s bh + h/u3sh: dc"h* 2s s+ 2su 4s cu lh 2cl dc nchb+ u <n dh*u*s )c c< c4 s Tu dc 0+*sns0bs <n hh <*u*s: nu cu0/h s+ sc h*h c Dbsnsc un )sc) h < dc )*s/slcgsh % sh* 0+* u*sss*ch Dbsnscscs 0clc 2sc *c)c h + s *sgh*c h slh/slb* hlc nc0+su*h c. H0sn.
MCDSTHSH &9 Ch s prs"c4ts pc D!"nul cu sslsnclc Mhrtcs 4s #sn#4sslc Mrscs:'

PUNCTUL & /ugc + lh cls)h <n ch*c cclc dbu+ su*b*s dc s<ngc 4s% 0hs 0ul <nc+% dc duh% hu <n3clcs c+ Db0nul h/ch s+ lc bnb*c.c chsh% cc 0<nd*sc /b* 2s ss03s % cc bucu*sc /b* 2s <ncc*ch dc )c u*0h unus
76 C2. Luch% &9%68"(7.
MCDSTHSH &9 65'
h < dc 0h*c hh <*Q Cu c< db* <l /h 2s h4 c) h M+*sh )c Db0nul <n c+u h*ch c+*ush )b*nssc hl c<nd/h cu h < h
h/<n Q s dhc+ h uncs cunbscusc 0h*ch 2c*scs*c dc h 2s 2bs bsnc )*s0s +% hs +.s /h 2s sbcb s d*c) un hh <* h)h* c )u sn3h dc h"& )*s0s ch )c d<nsul. Cc )*cg+ s*c ncs)us dc 0+*ch3+ /b* 2s 2+cu % clc ch*c cunb4 chu h <l dc bsnc 0hscs h ch 4s 0+*c3sh bhs)c clus h4 c) h Q Mh*c /h 2s 2bs g+ chlh bd+slb*% <nc+ 4s 0hs 0h*c cch h sns0slb*% 4s bbgh clc )bdbhbc lc /b* 2s ss0bbls.h /s* u3slc cclc )*c3sbhsc. Cu0)+nc4 c c+ Db0nul <nsu4s <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h /snc h.s <n )c*sbhn+ s+ *hg+ lh chs clul sns0ss hlc% chu + s+"s <n0<nc.s chcslc 2hcul +3slb* 4s ss03u*slb* hlc: <n2*+3chsc+"3s"sc /bsn3h 4s sn clcc ul ch s+"& hss4 s cu )*c3us*s 4s gsng+4sc: 0hs <nhsn c dc b*scc 2sc b 0h*c )*cg+ s*c dc )bdbhbc )*sn /s* u3s% cu 0h*c dc*c sch*c dc cugc % h0s*bssnd b ul h hh* 4s s2sn3cnsc. PUNCTUL 7 Du0nc.cscscul <n/+3+ b* sc h)*b)sc dc )b*3slc chs clulus% l+s<nd s+ sc /hd+ )c chs)ul s+u du0nc.cscsc b bun+/bsn3+ cc*chsc+: cclc dbu+ su*b*s /b* 2s sc4s s+"& <n <0)snc cu csns s*c subs bh*c% u*0h c dc <n *chgh lb* 2h0slsc% )cn *u ch b3s s+ bs cnchsc+ h"& sluDs )c Db0nulQ Cc bucu*bhsc <l <n <0)sn+Q C< dc *ccunbsc+ bh*c <l shlu +Q C< dc cu* cns bh*c <l bs)c3cscQ Ph*c"0s"sc c+ b 4s /+d )c Mh* h ncs)us dc <ndh b*s bh*c 4s )c Mhgdhlcnh subs bh*cQ Cu cc su/c*hn+ bl<ndc3c <ns+ /h 2s *+s)uns Db0nul ss03s*ss lb*Q <l /b* 2s h4c.h lh 0sDlbc% clc <n *cc<ndu"sc ch dbs sc*h2s0s% <n *h*s)<ndu"sc *ccs)*bc% unh subsnd 4s cchlhl + sluDsnd. <l /b* 2s cbndus <n cch 0hs <0)bdbbs + <nc+)c*c% /*chu s+ .sc <n ccn *ul sns0ss lb*% sh* hcblb nu /b* 2s )sc*du nscs b cls)+ 2+*+ h"s hscul h cbn/c*sh3sh cc*chsc+% 2+*+ h"s sh/u*h )*c.cn3h ds/sn+. B% u% ch*c"& )*s0c4 s hs +.s )c hcclh4s Bhs)c c Ds/sn% sh sch0h c+ h 4s hDuns lh )b*3slc bu.clb* hlc% lh chs clul )sc) ulus +u% shl c su2lc ul dc 0ul3u0s*c c+"& )*s0c4 c% <0)*cun+ cu bh c 2hcul +3slc 4s ss03u*slc shlc% 2+*+ ch nscs unul s+ 2sc hbscn . Shs+"s <n <n <0)s"nh*c sslsn3h Mh* cs .4s c/lh/sh M+*scs: <n c3chsc+"3s"sc c*cdsn3h% )*snd+"3s )u c*s s)c*hn3h% <ncsng+"3s"sc d*hgbs ch 4s cbndu"& <n ccn *ul <0)bdbbs hl sns0ss hlc. PUNCTUL 6 Cclc dbu+ su*b*s <4s <0)h* cclc dbu+ sluDbc ds2c*s c% chsh* dhc+ <nd*c) h c h0<ndbu+ c+ *c hccch4s sluDs*c ds/sn+. Mh* h d+
689
CUMSNCCTBRUL
2ugh s+ )*cg+ chsc+ dcs2+ h*ch 0h c*shl+% M+*sh *+0<nc )c lbc% bucu*<ndu"sc dc cch s)s*s uhl+: Mh* h g+ c4 c 0<nch*ch% M+*sh sh/u*ch.+ h*hnh <n/+3+ u*ss cc*c4 s 4s% ch unh cc bbs4nush s+ 4hd+ lh )scsbh*clc <n/+3+ b*ulus cs% g+ssndu"4s hcblb sc* h*ch% hcu0h chu + 0<ng<sc*ch: cch )bc+s + c hcu0 <nd*+gbs s +. Cu c< + )l+cc*c /h 2s dh hDu b* <0)+*+ c4 ss )*c.cn3c ds/sncQ C< dc hbsb*bs + <l /h 2s hscul h )c C*ss bs /b*bsndQ Cu c< + g*sD+ /h 2s )+s *h cu/sn clc dc /sh3+ /c4nsc+Q B% cc 0<ng<sc*c ss0 c un su2lc h4 c*nu lh )scsbh*clc Db0nulus% du)+ cc"& /h 2s )*s0s Q Cc *ug+csunc 2blbss bh*cQ Cc cb0unsch*c )l+cu +Q Mh* h sc )l<ngc Db0nulus c+ sb*h cs h l+sh "b ssngu*+% 0+* u*sssndu"4s sncghls h ch sluDbcs% dh* Db0nul b lsns4 c4 c cu /b*bc dc 0h*c <n/+3+ b*% .sc<nd? >Mh* b% Mh* b% bh + sslsn3h h )cn *u h*hnh *u)ulus c ulbu*h*c% cs lsns4 s*c cch h s)s*s ulus. Hdc/+* .sc c+ nu0hs un 2cl dc 0<nch*c c *cbusncsbs% 4s hcclh d+ /sh3+ /c4nsc+? bsnc h 4 su M+*sh s+ hlchg+." Hscul +% su2lc c% cu0 4s 3sc lh 2cl <3s s)unc Db0nul% u% )c ch*c c dss *hg bunu*slc )sc*s bh*c% ch*c c <ng*sDc4 s dc buch clc )+0<n" ulus. Nu cCss + bs)+3 )*ccu0 Ds/snul Shc*h0cn : h)*b)sc" c dc Msnc 4s bucu*+" c dc bs<ndh"0s )*c.cn3+% )*s0c4 c"0+ <n )sc) ul +u 4s s hs hscs cu 0snc% c+cs hcchs h c 2c*scs*ch )+0<n ulus: nu )sc*dc cls)h cch bun+ h uncs s2sn c 4s <n2l+c+*h c Cb0unsuns. T PUNCTUL ( C< dc *ccunbsc+ bh*c /h 2s *+0hs Mhgdhlcnh )cn *u <ndbs ul hh <*% c< dc dc.h0+gs + Mh* h dc 2h) ul c+ nu cCss + 0<nch*c 0hs bun+ dcc< <n2*u) h*ch dsn *u Db0nul% )+scu ul <n/+3+ u*ss cc*c4 s 4s sh/u*h*ch )*c.cn3cs shlc ds/sncQ Nu h scbs nscs un cu/<n M+*sh% )c dc"h"n *cgul cu2undh + <n subs*c 4s 0ul3u0s*c% sh* csnc )*s0c4 c hsc0cnch hh <*u*s dc lh Du0nc.cul s+u nu sc us + lh Dsgns*slc h)*bh)clus: /b*bc4 c cu sns0h ncs)us dc subs bh*c% l+s<nd /b*bclc <n sch0h 2h) clb*. <n/h3+ u% b% su2lc c hl 0cu% s+ h)*ccsc.s 4s s+ hducs 0ul3u0s*s? 2sc"3s lhudc sus)snclc% 4s b cb0unsunc )lsn+ dc *ccunb4 sn3+ 2sc dh*ul cclcslhl c: /b*bc4 c cu sns0h dhc+ subc4 s 4s ssngu*h"3s )*cbcu)h*c 2sc <ng*sDs*ch 4s cu* cns*ch Db0nulus )c ch*c l"hs )*s0s . Cul s/1"3s b 0h*c sc<*b+ dc bh c <ndcs ul+*slc b0cnc4 s 4s )b2 c4 c nu0hs 0<nch*c ds/sn+: 0hs h)*bh)c <3s cs c 3sc Db0nul dcc<
MCDSTHSH && 68&
M+*scs% dcbh*ccc <3s <ng+dusc nu dbh* s+"s s hs lh )scsbh*c% cs 4s ch Cl <nsu4s s+"3s s ch <n )sc) : *ccunbh4 c hh <*ul <ndbs cu dc dbu+ b*s 0hs 0ul c 0ul3u0s*s.
MCDSTHSH && Dcsprc !spul dht dc S!ssk krhsl!r ss 7(

PUNCTUL & /b0)h*+ bun+ h ch lus Sbss2 cu c*u.s0ch 2*h3slb* s+s? b3s uncl csc /<n.h*ch. H cusO H unus 2*h c% /*cdnsc% )*sn dusb4sh lus% dc h 2s subs % 4s )h4nsc% )*sn nc/snb/+3sc. Dc ccO Nu )cn *u /snslc lus. cs )cn *u hlc hl b*h. Hlc cusO Hlc unb*h )c c< dc du40+nb4s% )c"h < dc ncc*cdsncsb4s% )c"h < h dc bh*bh*s% )c c< dc cgs)3scns. Pc c< O Pc )*c3ul 4s nc/snb/+3sh unus 0scl. Cu cc /b*bcO Hcb)c*sndu"& dc snDu*ss% nu0sndu"& db0n )*c2+cu 4s cb)lc4sndu"& cu bc+*s ch )c un sbh*c /ssh 7B. Cu0 hnu0cO Dc.b*+c<ndu"& dc unsch% dhc+ nu 2+*+ cus+ u*s%
lung+ <ns+ )<n+ lh c+lc<s Undc"& h*unc+O <n )us sh unus Cgs) % <n us h*ch uncs c0ns3c. Su2lc c% csnc bh*c cs c hdc/+*h ul Sbss2% /<ndu % snsul h 4s 0hl *h h O P*chbunul Ssus% /*cdnsc s+ 2sc subs ch 2*h c 4s /cnc*h ch s +)<n. Csnc &"h /<ndu O Tu% 2+) u*+ Dbsnsc+ 4s sng*h +. Pc c< O Pc un sn c*cs Dbsnsc% )c b dcs2+ h*c 0u*dh*+. Cu0 hnu0cO P+c+ usnd cu h < h nc2*sc+. b2cns<ndu"& cu h < h nc*u4snh*c. Dc c< c b*sO <n 2scch*c .s% <n 2scch*c cchs 4s"n 2scch*c cls)+. Tulbu*+" c% h4hdh*% h.s% c<nd hDungs <n du0nc.cshsch lus )*c.cn3+% cu 0hs 0ul c0cs dcc< 2*h3ss lus Sbss2% c+cs <l /c.s hscs% nu ch /scc*cgc hl Cgs) ulus% cs ch <0)+*h hl Cc*ulus: dhc+ hcclh hscuns% hccs h hcb)c*s : dhc+ hcclh lc d+*ush gnu% Db0nul hccs h 3s sc d+ <n )<snc. Hhs% *ccunbh4 c"3s *+d+*slc <nhsn c dc h"s )*s0s hh <*u*slc: *bhg+"& s+ c sc* c% <nhsn c dc h c )b2 s cl: h*unc1"s" c lh )scsbh*c <nhsn c dc h ss03s c+ c4 s l<ng+ cl: h0cs cc+"3s lhc*s0slc <n b+u u*+ 4s 0+n<nc+"3s ccnu4h )cns cn3cs cu )<snch bs)+3ulus +u.
7( 7B
C2. 1hccrch, 65% &"6A. sbh*c ssht6 Hlu.sc lh ch)hcs +3slc dc )*c0bns3sc bns*sc+ hlc lus Sbss2% 0hs )*ccss lh Khc% 65% '"&9? >lh + h0 #ssh hl /ss? sbh*clc 4s lunh 4s uns)*c.ccc s clc 0s sc <nchsnhu 0sc." 687 CUMSNCCTBRUL MCDSTHSH && 3$3
PUNCTUL 7 G<ndc4 c" c lh )*chbl<ndul Sbss2% cu c< + subs*c *+s)undc u*ss 2*h3slb* s+s: nu sc 0ul3u0c4 c s+"s g+.dushsc+ lh cl hchs+% cs <s )unc <nl+un *ul *+*unchslb* s+s: )*cschs0b+ *+.bun+*slc unus b2cnsh <n db/c.slc dc h2cc3sunc hlc unus <nd*+gbs s % *ccunbsc<ndu"s )c ccs cc nu"& 0hs cunbscusc*+ 4s csns sndu"s )c ccs cc"& snsul hsc*+: <s <nl+n3usc4 c cu <0b*+3s4+*s d*+g+s bhsc )c ccs cc"& lcghsc*+ cu 2*<nghss ncb0cnbhsc 4s% <n lbc dc lh3 dc g*u0h.% lc d+ <n schs0b <0b*+3s4+*s subs bh*c: sc s *+dusc s+"s <0bbg+3chsc+ )c ccs cc"& dcs)ushsc*+ 4s"s hcb)c*+ dc dh*u*s )c ccs cc"& hcb)c*ssc*+ cu bc+*s: <s *c.c4 c hs 2cl )c ccs cc"& sbcb ssc*+ hdb*0s 4s=& hdb*+ hsc/ch )c ccl )c ch*c"& dss)*c3ussc*+ /ssh : nu dbh* lc d+ g*<ul <n c+u h*ch c+*ush /cnssc*+% cs <s h4h.+ lh 0hsh lus 4s"s s+*b+ b*c4 c cu un bs)+3 s *+lucs . B% bun+ h c ds/sn+Q B% 0+*sns0sc dc nc<n3clcs h )*chdulcclus 0scl SsusQ <n hccch4s nbh) c <n ch*c 2uscsc )*cdh % ch *+.bunh*c% du40hnslb* s+s% sc d+ )c ssnc )*sc cnslb* ch h*hn+% )*cschs0b+ h0+*+csunslc <n dulcc3u*s% *sdsc+ )hhh*ul cu s<ngclc s+u <n csns ch bh0cnslb* cc uncl csc s+ s"& bch% sh* c<nd cs chu + s+"& 0+n<ncc dc /su dsn )s.0+% Cl ls sc d+ s)*c bs)+ h*c dsn d*hgbs c? <nchsn+ dulcch3h Pb s*ulus s+u <n csns ch cclb* cc"s )*cg+ csc 2sc*ch 4s b3c ul: /*ch s+ )+ *und+"n )sc) ul cclb* cc s hu s+"s s)sn ccc cbhs h% h)uc+ )<snch cu 0<snslc dh*nscc ch*c s hu s+ 2sc g+u*s c dc cusc% lc <n sndc lb* cu 0+*sns0sc bc0hs c<nd cs sc )*cg+ csc s+ s lc *+s sgnchsc+ cu c*u.s0c% <ndulcc4 c cu lh) c 4s 0sc*c gu*slc cc s hu s+"& scus)c <n bb*h.. S)unc"0s hcu0h% )+c+ bsulc% )b3s bh*c s+"3s <nchs)us b 0hs 0h*c nc*ccunb4 sn3h dcc< h h shu b 0hs 0h*c bun+ h c dcc< cch h Db0nulusO Cb0)h*+ hccs c dbu+ cC *c0c 4s h*unc+" c lh )scsbh*clc unus 2*h c h < dc bun% *ccunbsc<ndu"3s /snh% s0)lb*<nd sc* h*ch )c ch*c nu sc )bh c s+ 3s"b *c2u.c ccl cc 3s sc d+ )c dc"h"n *cgul ch h*hn+. PUNCTUL 6 Sbss2% us <nd b2cnsclc /cchs% n+scbcc4 c hh <*u*s nbs 4s% c<nd bh + lu0ch )sc*c dc 2bh0c% )b*uncc4 c ch lb* s+ ls sc dch un bs)+3? >M<nch3s% lc s)unc cl% c+ cu s<n Sbss2% nu du40hnul% cs 2*h clc /bs *u% nu su)+*h % cs 0slbs s/." M<nchu ch 2l+0<n.ss% 4s cl <s sc*/ch lh 0hs+% 4s% cu bh c c+ s"h* 2s 0ul3u0s 4s cu )<snc gbhl+ ch s+"4s )b blchsc+ 2bh0ch% ls sc"hduc 2clu*s g+ s c )cn *u dcs2+ h*ch lb*: nu *</ncsc lh bcl4ugul snhcccssbsl% cs <s sh/u*ch.+ *bhdclc% sh* #cnsh0snul nc/snb/h % ch un lu)hn c+*ush s sc bh lu)ss lh gu*+7A% <n2ulcch dc dbu+ b*s 0hs 0ul dcc< b3s ccslhl3s. B% u ch*c c"hs h4c.h lh 0hsh Hl h*ulus% *ccunbh4 c"& )c bunul +u 2*h c Ssus% ch*c nu nu0hs c )b2 c4 c% cs 3s sc 4s d+ ch h*hn+: h*c <nc*cdc*c <n snc% <n *uc< <3s sn *+"n )sc) 4s"3s )+ *undc <n *+*unchsQ Sh h0sn c s+ nu *+dc.s sh*+4s% s+/<*4snd nbs )+ch c% 0+n<nc+ )*ccu0 un 2l+0<nd 4s hs s+ cunb4 s sh3ul% c+cs% )c c<nd ccslhl3s )sc* dc 2bh0c% 3sc <3s )*ssbscsc bun+ +3slc: 0+n<nc+ cu ncs2shl+ 4s <nc*cdc*c% c+cs chsh% 0hsh hcchs h% 2ssnd hlc lus Ssus% 2*h clc +u% s<n hlc hlc% 4s"3s s)unc? >Cu s<n Ssus% )c ch*c u l"hs /<ndu 4s l"hs )c*sccu h % dh* nu s<n su)+*h % cs sc* + b*: h)*b)sc" c dc 0snc 2+*+ ch0+ 4s h4h.+"0+ cu d*hgbs c <n *+*unchss +s." PUNCTUL ( K*h3ss sc /b* 2s <n b*s )c c< dc *ccunbsc+ b*s% )c"h < dc 0ul3u0s3s% 2sc )cn *u bsnc2hcc*slc )*s0s c% 2sc )cn *u b2cnsclc us h c. Cu0 <4s /b* 0hs 2s /+.u dc d*u0 )*bsl+/sndu"4s nb*bcul% dcbh*ccc% c<nd sc c0chu 0hs 0ul dc )cdc)sc% hu h/u )h* c dc csns s*s 4s hh <*u*sQ Cu c< + s<*gusn3+ /b* 2s 0c*s s+ duc+ /c4 slc cclc bunc h +lus lb* dcs)*c 2sul s+u% Sbss2 ccl /su% bc0hs cs ch*c s lc duscsc*+
bdsnsbh*+ h < dc *ss c% c<nd <l sbcb ssc*+ csb)<*3s Q Cu0 sc /b* 2s bucu*h <0)*cun+ cu bunul lb* )+*sn c dc nb*bcul cc d+dusc 4s )cs c 2*h clc lb*Q s cu0 /b* 0hs 2s hl c*nh <n )*s/sn3h lus 0ul3u0s*slc 4s )*bsl+/s*slc Cc*ulusQ Sc /b* 2s <n *ccu s+ )b/cs chsc+ sh*+4s 4s sh*+4s <n <0)lh*ch 4s nu sc /b* 2s 0ul3u0s cu *clh h*ch unush ssngu* dsn *c cs% cs sc /b* 2s <n *ccu 2scch*c <n )h* c s+ b *c)c c. Su2lc c% 0hs 0ul dh b*c.s cus <3s sh* + 0hs 0ul . Cc 0ul3u0s*s sc chdc s+"s hducs unus Db0n ch*c dc h < ch b*s c"h sc* h 4s c"h h4c.h lh 0hs+ cu d<nsulQ Du /c4 slc cclc bunc Th +lus Cc*csc: hDung+ )<n+ lh Cc* nbslc c<n +*s hlc *ccunb4 sn3cs hlc% <n *c"c<ndu" c b dh + 4s dc 0ul c b*s s+"3s )*bclh0s nb*bcul 4s s+ 0c*gs dcscb*s lh Mhsh Hl h*ulus.
7A
luphn... lupss lh #urh6 <n cC % >lbbb *h)h."% undc *h)h.<nsch0n+ >b+sh "% > <n+s"% dh* 4s >lhcb0"% dc undc Dbcul dc cu/sn c )c ch*c <ncc*ch0 s+"& cchs/hl+0. 68( CUMSNCCTBRUL
MCDSTHSH &7 Ch s3% prs"c4ts pc D!"nul cu u"slsnh h"c4ulus:%

PUNCTUL &
c
ugc + cu0 sc )*cg+ c4 c hccs 0h*c )+c+ bs ch s+ )bh + h)+*ch <nhsn ch Ds/sncs cu/ssn3c: <4s <n *cgc4 c cu s0c*cnsc b cc"s ls)sc4 c ch /s* u c: <4s hd<ncc4 c )*b)*sh cunbh4 c*c dc ssnc ch s+ sc )bh + *sdsch lh <n+l3s0ch cch dc nch sns: nu g+sc4 c <n cl <nsu4s dcc< /sns% sh* <n Du0nc.cu 0slbs cnss. >Csnc s<n cu% /h 2s s)us cl% dc cu c. s+ sn *u <n chsh Db0nulusO Cu h < dc *+u% sh* Cl h < dc bunQ Cu un )+c+ bs *cs)sng+ b*% 4s Cl Db0n h < dc subs b*Q Cu s<n un /sc*0c Dbsnsc 4s% ch h h*c% 0c*gc"/bs <*<ndu"0+ )c )+0<n )<n+ lh c0)lul s+u. T*cbus"/h bh*c s+ hduc+ Db0nul bh c dc lh Cl% c<nd cu unul nu h0 ns0sch 4s dc ns0sch nu"s bunO H0 2bs un 0bns *u <n )+c+ us*c% cs Db0nul c un )*bdsgsu <n sc* h*c: <nc*c.+ b* )*sn u*0h*c <n bun+ h ch lus )c c< dc ulbu*h dc *+u h ch 0ch% chsh* h4h% )*h2 su)+*+ b*% glbd nccu*h cu0 s<n % *cbusc s+ sn *u h.s )c )b*3slc chscs shlc." U*c<nd% sc <n <lnc4 c cu un 2h*sscu 4s sc ulbu*+ 4s 0hs h*c ch )+c+ bs cc sc /cdch% lh /cdc*ch cclus )c ch*c"l cbnssdc*h bglsnd+ h /s* u3ss% c+cs <n b*scc g+sc4 c )*scsn+ dc s0c*cnsc. Cu0)+nc4 c% b% u ch*c *cbusc s+ u*cs h.s lh c0)lu nu dbh* ch s+ /b*bc4 s cu Db0nul% cs ch s+"& )*s0c4 s: nu dbh* ch s+ 4c.s <nhsn ch lus% cs ch s+ 3s =& )us <nl+un *ul )sc) ulus% ch )+c+ bs h < dc <n*+s % cu c< + ulbu*h*c hs h c h)*b)shQ Nu u*ch <n chs) dc 2h*sscu% cs <n chs) dc /h0c4 s0c*s ? nu )+4s cu )hsul *u2scs% cs h2und+" c <n )*b)*sh"3s Dbsnscsc% 0+* u*ssc4 c"3s nc/*cdnscsh 4s sn/bc+ sn2sns h 0slbs s/s*c. PUNCTUL 7 #h0c4ul sn *+ <n c0)lu c0+ b*% c+cs dbh* *cs)cc ubs nu h* 2s dc hDuns. Dh* cc c dc 0s*h*c c<nd /cdc cu *c0u*<ndu"sc )<n+ 4s cblbhnclc Cc*ulusO Csnc s"h <ndc)+* h dsn )*scsnh )+ch ulus *+0<nc dc)h* c dsn u0slsn3+% hlcgc )cn *u ssnc lbcul ccl 0hs nc<nsc0nh % sbcb sndu"sc ccl 0hs 0h*c )+c+ bs: nscs dc Kh*sscu nu
"C2.Such% &8%'"&(.
MCDSTHSH &7 68B
cu ch.+ h sc h)*b)sh% cu h < 0hs )u3sn dc Du0nc.cu: ccl cc nu <nd*+.nc4 c s+ h)h*+ <n lu0c chu + un unghc* hl c0)lulus% 4s chsh* 4s hccs h <s )h*c hh <* nc0c*s h : nu cu ch.+ h )*s/s Cc*ul% dcbh*ccc 4 sc c+ h )+c+ us <0)b *s/h lus: <4s s.bc4 c )sc) ul cu lb/s u*s *c)c h c% )cn *u ch 2sc% /snb/h % s+"& )cdc)schsc+% 2sc% hdb*0s % s+"& *c.chsc+: <4s chch0+ sns0h 4s chch0+ Cc*ul% ch s+"s <ndusb4c.c )c h0<ndbs. >Dbh0nc% .scc cl% 2ss bsnc/bs b* 0sc% )+c+ bsulus dc 0snc% h4h cu0 lc c4 s u u*b*h"% ccch cc <nsc0nh? >Dbh0nc% cus<n )+c+ bsul% Tu sc* + b*ul: 0h*c c sc+lb4sh 0ch% 0slbs s/s*ch h 4s 0hs 0h*c. Dbh0nc% 0h*c sc* h*c% du)+ bun+ h ch h 4s du)+ 0ul3s0ch <ndu*+*slb* hlc% 4 c*gc 0ul3s0ch )+ch clb* 0clc." Cbn c0)l+% su2lc c hl 0cu% )sldh hcchs h dc )cns cn3+? dhc+ #h0c4ul sc sbcb c4 c nc/*cdnsc s+ /b*bchsc+ 2sc 4s dc lh dss hn3+ cu Du0nc.cu% cu0 *cbusc s+ /ss u ch s+"& )*s0c4 sO Cl *+0<nc <n *"un unghc*% cu0 bh*c cu c.s u s+ c h)*b)ss dc Hl h*O Cl nu <nd*+.nc4 c s+ dcschsd+ bchss ch s+"& /hd+ )c Du0nc.cu% sh* u dcschs.s gu*h ch s+ c cu0snccsO Cl <4s s.bc4 c )sc) ul <nhsn ch Db0nulus% sh* u <l sn *bducs <n )sc) ul +uO Cl sc ns0scc4 c ch )+c+ bs% sh* u% <nc+ 4s 0hs 4s ch cl% nscs nu c ulbu*sO Cu0 dc nu <nhl3s glhsul ch s+ s *sgs Db0nulus? >Kss"0s bsnc/bs b* 4s 0sc% dc4s s<n ccl 0hs 0h*c dsn *c )+c+ b4s. Dbh0nc% 0h*c <0s c *+ +cs*ch% 2sc"3s 4s sc* h*ch 0h*c. Dbh0nc% <n 0snc cs c sc+lb4sh% cs <n snc 0slbs s/s*ch"O PUNCTUL 6 B% )u c*nsc+ s0c*cnscQ G<ndc4 c c< c ch dc )l+cu + Db0nulus? #h0c4ul nu )+*ch s+ hsb+ ns0sch bun dcc< s0c*cnsh% sh* Kh*sscul ns0sc hl cc/h *+u dcc< *u2sh% sh* hccch h < dc 0ul h )l+cu Db0nulus% <nc< &"h hdus undc s + ch% 4s hcchs h &"h su)+*h <n *"h < h% <nc< &"h )+*+ss dc b . <ng<02h*ch &"h h*unch )c Kh*sscu dsn lbcul ccl 0hs dc sus% sh* u0slsn3h &"h <n+l3h )c #h0c4 dsn ccl 0hs dc Dbs% c+cs nu"s ncbbs4nus ch *u2sh s+
2hc+ dsn <ngc*s dc0bns% du)+ cu0 u0slsn3h 2hcc dsn )+c+ b4s <ngc*s. Du0nc.cu sc us + hs 2cl lh ccl cc nu <nd*+.nch s+"& )*s/chsc+ 4s"4s <ndc)+* ch.+ )*s/s*ch dc lh ccl 0ul3u0s dc ssnc <nsu4s: hh*ul ds/sn u0)lc )sc) ul )c ch*c <l u0)lusc ulbu*h*ch% 4s ccl *cs)sns dc Kh*sscu cs c )*s0s dc c+ *c <ngc*s. #h0c4ul sc )b0cnc4 c )u Du0nc.cul 4s Db0nul s+u <n l+un *u"s )*sn hh*% <l 4s bs)c3c4 c <n sns0h sh. Cc 0ul3u0s <l hdb*+% cc subs b* <l <0b*+3s4ch.+% cc 2c*scs <l dcgus +Q Su2lc c% /snb cu s0c*cnsh h lh Hl h*% c+cs h4h /*ch Db0nul s+ 2sc )*s0s : nu cCss + 0hs bun+ bs)c3sc )cn *u hsc0cnch <n+l3s0c
68A CUMSNCCTBRUL MCDSTHSH &6 685
dcc< cunbh4 c*ch Dbsnscscs hlc: sluDc4 c"& cu s2shl+ 4s c /cs bucu*h <n *u 0hs 0ul + 2c*scs*c: ns0scc4 c" c )c snc ch s+"& 0+*c4 s )c Cl? dss)*c3usc4 c"3s ns0scul 4s dbb<nds"/cs b ul. PUNCTUL ( C< dc 0ul3u0s /h 2s cbbb*< #h0c4ul% ch unul h < dc bsnc *h h Q H u*ch )lsn dc du*c*c 4s h cbbb*< )lsn dc 0<ng<sc*c. Pu3sn h /b*bs ch s+ cch*+% 0ul <ns+ ch s+ 0ul3u0chsc+. Dhc+ <nhsn c <4s /h 2s 0+* u*sss )+ch clc% hcu0h )*bsl+/c4 c 0slbs s/s*slc Db0nulus% <s s+l h dc 0ul3u0s*c sns0h ch*c"s )*s0ssc h < ch lb/s u*s dc c+sn3+% hcu0h nu"s 0hs <nc+)ch <n )sc) dc bucu*sc% cu0 0hs <nhsn c dc 0<hns*c% 4s cu ssgu*hn3+ c+ nu sc /h 2s <n b*s )c hcclh4s d*u0. cs )c ccl hl /s* u3ss% cu cununh nc0u*s bh*c. B% u ch*c c"hs cu0sncch % hdu 0ul3u0s*s Db0nulus% ch #h0c4ul% nu ch Kh*sscul% )cn *u g*c4clslc sc* h c% nu )cn *u /s* u3slc <nchs)us c% nu 2hcc )h*hd+ dc 0c*s c% h*h +"3s <ns+ *ccunb4 sn3h )cn *u 0slbs s/s*s: <n bh*cc" c dc lh S2<n h Cb0unsunc cu b ul hl ul 4s )c hl d*u0: nu )c hcclh4s% ch s+ nu c h hcc sh*+4s )h s0slc cc"3s s hu <n chlc shu /scsslc *ccu c% cc s hu lh )<nd+? 4s dhc+ hs /cns )l<ng<nd% <n bh*cc" c c<n <nd% cu 0<nh dc P<snc dsn Cc*? hdu 0ul3u0s*s% dc /*c0c cc hs c+)+ h sc* +*s% 4s )*bsl+/c4 c"& )c Db0nul hccs h cc"4s )lchc+ bchss hsu)*h cclb* u0sls.
MCDSTHSH &6 Dcsprc "rcsh cu chrc S!l!"!n h durht tc"plul 4s khstul cu chrc %3h *nchsnht, hplschtc lh C!"unsunc:
PUNCTUL & #ugc + lh 0hscs ubhsh 0+*c3sc h c0)lulus lus Sblb0bn. Db0nul n"h /*u s+"& *sdscc h +l *+.bbsnsc% cs 2sul ccl )h4nsc 4s <n3clc) % c+cs s + <n 2s*ch <n3clc)3slb* s+ subchsc+ )hcch. h) c hns s"hu *cbus ch s+"& cbns *ushsc+% 2blbssndu"4s 4 ssn3h% ch*c s"h 2bs
78
C2. SSS Rc#s, A% &"65: 5% &B"77: SS Cr!nscs, 6% &"&5.
cch 0hs 0h*c% 4s )u c*ch% ch*c s"h 2bs dcb)b *s/+: 4s bh + 0+*c3sh% bbg+3sh% h* h% b*nh0cn h3sh 4s 0hscs h ch hu h/u d*c) scb) h4c.h*ch unus Chs/b cc nu c*h dcc< b u0b*+% un ss0bbl% b *c)*c.cn h*c h hccs us shc*h0cn )*chdu0nc.cscsc. Cu0)+nc4 c hs +.s u% ch*c *cbusc s+ h4c.s <n )sc) ul +u nu u0b*h% cs lu0snh <ns+4s: nu ss0bblul% cs <ns+4s *chls h ch: nu Chs/b ul Lcg+0<n ulus% cs )c <nsu4s Db0nul 4s Du0nc.cul <0)+* +4s ? bh*c cc c0)lu dc c/lh/sc h* *cbus s+ cbns *usc4 s uO Cc Shndh Shnct!"" h dcs+/<*4s*ss 4s s2sn3cnscs <n 0sc.ul sns0ss hlcO Dhc+ Sblb0bn h chcl us 4h) c hns ch s+ <nhl3c Tc0)lul ccl 0h c*shl% u 2blbsc4 c 0+ch* 4h) c cchsu*s ch s+"3s )*cg+ c4 s su2lc ul% c<nd dc 2h) 4s b /c4nscsc h* 2s )u3sn. <n *chc+"sc /s* u3slc cu )sc *clc scu0)c% u*0c.c"s hu*ulus s *+lucs b* subs*ch h)*sns+% )*c2hc+"sc lc0n+*sslc bsnc 0s*bss bh*c <n *ug+csuns 0s*cs0h c% h*b0clc <n sus)snu*s% 4s *bnc.c nu sub sls h ch 0c4 c4ugs*ss% cs 2*u0usc3ch hh*ulus. PUNCTUL 7 H /cns .suh 2cs s/+% )c"h < dc /cnc*h +% )c c< dc db*s +% h <nchsn+*ss Tc0)lulus: s"h s *<ns b Ss*hclul ch s+"& g+.dushsc+ 4s s+"& csns chsc+ )c 0h*clc"s Du0nc.cu? /cnchu cu b3ss <0b*+ch3s s+*b+ b*c4 c 4s <n2+4u*h3s <n c/lh/sc? h*dchu Dc* 2clc dcb)b *s/+ cu sns0slc <n2l+c+*h c: 2ssnd b s+*b+ bh*c bb4 chsc+ h u u*b*h% s"hu <0)+* +4s cu b3ss% 0h*s 4s 0scs% s+*hcs 4s bbgh3s% dsn 0<ng<sc*ch uns/c*shl+. Dsn *c b3s s"h *c0h*ch <ns+ c*cdsncsbsul su/c*hn% d<ndu"lc u u*b*h <nsc0n 4s )sld+. S"h l+sh s+ chd+ <n gcnunchs 4s bchss 4s s"h h3sn s c+ *c cc*% cu0)+nsndu"4s .bb*ul *ug+csunss cu lcs ul s0c*cnscs% 4s h 2bs h < dc c2schcc% <nc< &"h h *hs )c Db0nul cu *ugslc shlc. Tc0)lul s"h u0)lu dc"b ncgu*+ <n unccbhs+% /+l cu/ssncsbs )cs c snhcccssbslh 0hscs h c snc*ch +. S"hu ss03s cu b3ss sc+ldh3s dc 0<ng<sc*c 4s hu *ccunbscu dc 2h3+ slh/h Db0nulus 4s Du0nc.culus lb*. Su2lc c% cc 2hs s+*b+ b*csc )*cg+ c4 s u <n .suh <n ch*c c cu0snccsO Sh sch0h c+ )sc) ul +u sc s2sn3c4 c ch c0)lu 4s s+lh4 hl lus Du0nc.cu <nsu4s. Tbh c 2hcul +3slc hlc dch 2ugh lh 0h*ch sblc0ns h c: sns0h 2sc"3s Shndh Shnd!ru" <nsu2lc3s undc s+"4s 2lu u*c h*s)slc Sn clcc ul% hc*u/s0 0snunh % 4s #bsn3h% sc*h2s0 <n2l+c+*h . Bucu*c"3s"sc l+un *ul dc nu0clc lus s2<n 4s c<n c"s ls0bh h lhudclc: sh h0sn c% cbbbh*+ Db0nul
<n/+lus dc ncgu*h hccsdcn clb* <n sn s0s h ch *+*unchslb* +s.

688
CUMSNCCTBRUL MCDSTHSH &( 68' PUNCTUL 6
Kc*scs 4s us0s b bdh +% *cgclc ccl <n3clc) h *bs s hcclc /b*bc 0c0b*hbslc% /*cdnscc dc h 2s *c)c h c dc c+ *c b3s ccs cc sc cu0sncc+? >Cu0% .scc cl% c bh*c cu )u sn3+ ch Du0nc.cu s+ 2sc )c )+0<n O Ksc 4s nu0hs g<ndul s)c*sc. Du0nc.cu )c )+0<n c<nd nu <nch)c nscs <n Cc*O Cc*ul c s *<0 % cu0 /h 2s bh*c chsh hcchs hO" B% cu c< 0hs <nd*c) +3s hs )u ch s *sgh u hs +.s% c<nd l"hs g+.dus )c 0h*clc Du0nc.cu hl lus Ss*hcl chsh* <n )sc) ul +u. 4s"hs )u ch s)unc? >Cu0% c bh*c cu )u sn3+ ch Du0nc.cul 0cu ccl 0h*c s+ bsnc/bshsc+ h /cns lh 0snc 4s ch Nc0+*gsns ul s+"0s <nch)+"n )sc) O #c*c% hdc/+*h % cu s+"& <nchsd <n *+*unchss 0cs. Supcr tcnh"> Du0nc.cu% 4s )c )+0<n O Du0nc.cu% 4s"n *"b sns0+ h < dc )+0<n chsc+ )*ccu0 h 0ch% )l+0+ds + dsn lu O Scbh c dc"hscs b ulbu*h*c s0c*s +% b <n2*scb4h*c cucc*nsc+ 4s b *ccunbsc+ bh*c 0ul3u0s*c. PUNCTUL ( Tbc0hs c<nd c*cdch c+ sc hchs hsc cu b2*hndc h < dc dcbscbs c% <n3clc) ul *cgc /+.u c+ c 4s 0hs <ndh b*h )cn *u hh <*u*slc h < dc h)h* c hlc Db0nulus% ch*c% <n <n *ccc*slc dc dh*u*s% h sc4s 0c*cu <n/sng+ b*. Sblb0bn 4s"h /+.u *udh <ncununh + dc succcs dcbh*ccc% bnb*h <n *"h < h dc hDu b*ul dcbscbs hl lus Du0nc.cu% c*h <n3clc) 4s% ch h h*c% /h 2s 2bs *ccunbsc+ b*. H < ch /bcs c<3s /ccs hu *+sunh <n hccl Tc0)lu% <nsc0n<nd b h < ch 0ul3u0s*s. Nu sc /b*bch dcs)*c ns0sc hl cc/h <n bh + Sdu0cch 4s nscs chsh* )c bh + *b unDs0ch )+0<n ulus% <n *uc< nu0clc 0h*clus Du0nc.cu hl lus Ss*hcl c*h )c c< dc cunbscu % )c"h < dc )*bsl+/s . Cu0)+nc4 c u% ch*c hs )*s0s h.s h < ch hh <*u*s dsn )h* ch Db0nulus 4s )c <nsu4s Db0nul hh <*u*slb*% c< dc <ndh b*h *+0<s ch s+"s hducs lhudc 4s s+"& sluDc4 s? 2ss *ccunbsc+ b*% dhc+ c4 s <n3clc) : *+sunc"3s ccbu*slc sns0ss <n bshnhlclc ls0bss hlc: s+ nu c"hud+ ns0cns /b*bsnd dcc< dcs)*c Du0nc.cu <n .suh <n ch*c s"hs <nchsnh c0)lul )sc) ulus +u 4s 0hs )*csus dc b*scc 2c*c4 c" c s+ nu"& )<ng+*c4 s cu g<ndul shu cu/<n ul? 2sc un Shndh Shnct!ru" hl dcs+/<*4s*slb* <n ch*c h*d+ )u*u*s 2bcul d*hgbs cs.
MCDSTHSH &( Dcsprc s0 !rul dc hp sc pc chrc "h dcschss D!"nul *n sns"h sh"hrsncnccs, hplscht Sksntcs C!"unsuns:2
PUNCTUL & 8, bunulc Ssus% Du0nc.cul 0cu 4s Db0nul 0cu% c< dc <nsc h u0bls <n c+u h*ch uncs 2c0cs h < dc sh ss2+cu c dc /snslc csQ Jbsnsc+% dh? nc2c*scs +% nu% )cn *u c+ d+ dc 4s)b ul 2c*scs*slb*. B% cu0 sc cunbh4 c% Dbh0nc% c< )*c3usc4 s u su2lc clc 4s c+ )cn *u unul ssngu* hs 2s 2+cu b h < h c< )cn *u bh cQ Cc c dc 0s*h*c c+ hs /cns dc dc)h* c ch s+ b chu3s% dc /*c0c cc bc0hs dsn Cc*ul Su)*c0 hs cbbb*< O Nu 0+ 0snunc. c+ c /+d n+du4snd cls)+ dc cls)+% dc /*c0c cc <n *"b bun+ .s /cs n+du4s s<ngc 4s cl /h cu*gc <n 4u/bhsc dsn *+nslc hlc% dh* cc us + bh*c dc Tsnc sh0h*snchnch% )c c<nd Tu b )+s *c.s h < dc bsnc <n 0c0b*sc 4s chsh* <n sns0+Q Nc4 su bh*c dc h/u3sslc cclc /c4nscc% hsd*b)sc+69 dc )l+cc*slc"s )sc*s bh*c% chu + bh.snclc c*+)h c 4s )+*+sc4 c s./b*ul dc h)+ /sc. C< dc )u3sn g<ndch s+ g+schsc+ hdc/+*h h 2c*scs*c cc n"h/ch hl g<nd dcc< s+ b g+schsc+ ch <ns+4s )c d<nshQ #cnch <n c+u h*ch h)cs% ss0bbl hl sh ss2hc3sslb* *cc+ bh*c% 4s h g+ss /<nh 2+*+ dc s2<*4s h hh*ulus. B% su2lc c hl 0cu% sh + c+ hs +.s lh 2cl 3s sc <n <0)l+ 4s 3scQ U0bls dc.b*scn h <n c+u h*ch sh ss2hc3sslb* #*c0clnscc% sh* Db0nul c h4 ch) +% dhc+ nu lh 2<n <nh lus Shcb/% lh cch dsn Hl h*% hdc/+*h s./b* )c*cn hl s<ngclus 4s hh*ulus s+u. Hhs% h)*b)sc" c <nsc h dc cclc csncs s./bh*c dc 0<n us*c% lhs+" c g+ss dc ccl cc c chu +% 2blbsc4 c )*slcDul 4s"3s /cs s sngc sc ch db*sn3clb*. Scbh c dc hscs b hdc/+*h + cunbh4 c*c h 0slbs s/s*ss lus 4s h sc+lb4scs hlc% h us +*ss hlc 4s h g*sDss lus. PUNCTUL 7 C*ss bs <ncc)c s+ b )*cg+ chsc+ )cn *u ch ch s+"s )bh + )*s0s ncs2<*4s clc 0slbs s/s*s: 0hs <n <s <s cc*c s+ dch% 4s"s cc*c b )sc+ u*+
C2. bhn%(%("&A. 69 hsdr!psc6 <n scnsul dc >/c4nsc <nsc h "% dc lh >hsd*b)s.sc"% hccc)3sc 2sgu*h + cC *c0 dc 2*cc/cn + <n Sccblul dc hu* s)hnsbl. 6'9 CUMSNCCTBRUL
dc h)+% Cl% ch*c u*0ch.+ h"4s /+*sh b s<ngclc )cn *u ch% sc <ndh b*ch.+ cc*<nd )u3sn% )cn *u ch s+ dch Cl 0ul . B% cc <nsc h cs c s+ dchQ C< c dc db*nsc s+"4s <0)+* +4chsc+ dh*u*slc cc*c4 sQ Cu db* h0 db*s % .scc Db0nul <nsu4s% <n2b0c h dc sh3ul nbs *u: cc*c h)+% dh* c dc lhc*s0s bunc s+ cu*c3c su2lc ul% s+ <n+lbchsc+ cugc ul undc /h s+ sc hd+)bs chsc+: <s c sc c ch s+ nc"b s sngc0 nbs )c"h nbhs *+. Sh h0sn c% su2lc c% c+ Db0nul <nsu4s% <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h <n hccs Shc*h0cn )*chdu0nc.cscsc% <3s
s)unc? >Su2lc c% d+"0s s+ bchu% <3s cc* lhc*s0s% 2sc"3s 0sl+ dc sc ch 0ch cc 0"h chsnus bh + /sh3h: nu"0s dh 2sc*ch nc*ccunb4 sn3cs% nscs b3c ul nc)sb4c"nscs hlc: /sc 0+ch* b lhc*s0+ /+*sh + )cn *u h < ch /snb/+3ss? dcs" chsd+"3s"sc s./bh*clc bchslb* c<nd cclc hlc s<ngclus 0cu 3s sc <0)+* +4csc <n )uhbhsc." <nchsn+ )cn *u M<n us b*ul +u cu lhc*s0s dc h0+*+csunc )cn *u ch Cl s+ c <nccc )c snc <n hbssu*s dc dulcch3+: scbh c dc"hscs un 0h*c dss)*c3 )cn *u dcs2+ +*slc lu0c4 s 4s b 0h*c sc c dc sh ss2hc3ss du0nc.csc4 s% ch s+ c bucu*s /c4nsc dc s./b*ul hccs h )c*cn dc hh*. PUNCTUL 6 K+) u*h cch Dbsnsc+ *c2u.+ nscs 0hs 0ul % nscs 0hs )u3sn dcc< C*ch b*ulus cs )sc+ u*h dc h)+ )c ch*c hccs h s" b cc*c. Cc sng*h s udsncQ Db0nulus <s cs c <ns+ h < dc s *+sn g<ndul dc"h b l+sh 2+*+ bc*b s*c% <nc< g+sc4 c <n *" hs h 0hs dcg*hb+ un )*slcD dc"h b hDu h: sh0h*snchnch sbcb c4 c c+ h*c dcs ul c0cs ch s+"s *c2u.c un )sc dc h)+% lh 2cl ch b3s hccsh ch*c sc cbdcsc s+"& sluDchsc+. Ssus% d<nd us +*ss *clclc sc*/scss% *+s)undc s +*usnd hsu)*h 2blbhsclb* nbhs *c. >B% 2c0csc% dhc+"hs cunbh4 c dh*ul lus Du0nc.cu% hnu0c )cn *u snc 4s hnu0c )cn *u <0)*cDu*h*ch hs hQ Dhc+"hs 4 s cu csnc /b*bc4 sQ Cu 0snc% s./b* ncscch hl u u*b* h/u3sslb*% 0sn+ h cb0b*slb*% bb<*4sc h 0<ng<sc*slb* cclb* hdc/+*h c: cc*c"0s u Msc nu0hs% 4s 3s"h4 d+*us nu b )sc+ u*+ dc h)+% cs un s./b* <n *cg dc 2c*scs*s 4s 0slbs cnss% ch*c 3<4nc4 c )<n+"n Cc* 4s hDungc )<n+ lh /sh3h cch/c4nsc+." Hscul +% bd*hslh 0ch: h)lchc+"3s% su2lc c% u*cchch% c+ hcclh4s luc*u 3s"& s)unc 4s 3sc Db0nul <nsu4s dc lh Hl h*. B% dc"hs 4 s% b% dc"hs cunbh4 c dh*ul dh*u*slb*% 0slh 0slclb* )c ch*c lc )*s0c4 s hs +.s cu0sncc<ndu" c. Dc"hs 4 s csnc"s 0h*clc Db0n )c ch*c"& <nchs.s <n )sc) ul +uQ Ssngu*h h h/u3sc% b lchcul% 0<ng<sc*ch%
MCDSTHSH &B 6'&
2c*scs*ch% /sh3h 4s ccn *ul +u: ssngu*ul ch*c"3s )bh c u0)lc sns0h 4s <0)lsns db*sn3clc% cu0 s"hs 0hs cc*c )<snch /sc3ss% cu0 hs 0hs 2*cc/cn h cu 4s 0hs 0h*c h*dbh*c s./b*ul hh*u*slb*% 0hsh Hl h*ulusQ <n c3c4 c"3s c*cdsn3h% <nsu2lc3c4 c"3s d*hgbs ch 4s culc+" c <nsc h cu 2h3h <n Dbs hsu)*h s./b*ulus <0bcl4ugh hl s<ngclus s+u% sbh*bc"s"&% hsd*b)sc% dsn *+ns 4s <0busb+" c% su2lc c% dc Du0nc.cu. PUNCTUL ( Du)+ cc &"h cunbscu )c C*ch b*ul 4s M<n us b*ul cs% cc 2c*scs + )lchc+ Sh0h*snchnch% dc/cnsnd dsn )+c+ bhs+% )*b)b/+dus bh*cQ Nu <n bh*cc% sng*h +% s)h clc s./b*ulus% cs )lchc+ dbh* ch s+ sc <n bh*c+ *ccunbsc+ bh*c sh*+4s 4s sh*+4s: 0c*gc s+"4s <0)+* +4chsc+ bsnclc <0)+* +4s % s+"s )l+ chsc+ 0slbs cnsslc cu lhudc% s+ sc bucu*c dc nb*bcul cs. Sn *+ <n cc h ch cs /cs sndu"& cu glhs 0h*c )c Mcssh ccl g+ss : )sc) ul nu"s 0hs <nch)c dc 0ul3u0s*c 4s hs 2cl <4s *c/h*s+ hsu)*h h)*bh)clus dsn )<*gh d*hgbs cs shlc: <s hdun+% nu dbh* 4h) c )cn *u b)*bb*su% cs )c b3s )cn *u csns s*c. Cu0)+nc4 c% su2lc c% cu c< 0hs *ccunbsc+ b* *cbusc s+ c h*+3s u Db0nulus% ch*c 3s"h d+*us h.s nu dbh* un ss0)lu s./b* dc h)+. cs )c bh c cclc csncs hlc s<ngclus s+u )*c3sbs% <nc< hs *+0hs sc+ldh <n hbssul 0slbs s/s*slb* shlc: s+"s 2ss *ccunbsc+ b* 4s /cs h/ch *ccunb4 sn3+: 2+" c c*hsnsc hl dh*u*slb* lus% <0)+* +4sndu" 3s u u*b*h 4s cu b3s 2c*scs*ch% c+cs dc"hccch sc nu0c4 c Cb0unsunc.
MCDSTHSH &B Ch sh tc cu"snccs cu cncrhsh scrhks"sl!r dc l*n# tr!nul lus Du"nc0cu'% "PUNCTUL &
bn c0)l+ u*sh4h 0+*c3sc h lus Du0nc.cu cclus sn2sns 4s /c4nsc% )c ch*c% dhc+ cc*u*slc cc*u*slb* nu"& <nch)% cu h < 0hs )u3sn )+0<n ul )+0<n ulus: )*s/c4 c"& <ncbnDu*h dc sc*h*hsslc h*s"
6&
C2. Sshsh, A% &"&(.
)h c% hsss h dc duhu*slc cu* cnc4 s% dsn *c ch*c unclc <l hdb*+% hl clc <l cbn c0)l+% dh* bh c <l lhud+ 4s"& )*ch0+*csc. Hscs cu hdc/+*h c+ su2lc ul +u 4s"h* )u ch )sc*dc cunb4 sn3h cu 0hs 0ul c0cs dcc< cchlhl + *cgsn+ dsn Msh.+.s67 <n )hlh ul )+0<n chnulus Sblb0bn: <n bh*cc"3s nu0hsdcc< bchss c*cdsn3cs c+ *c hccs )*ch"du0nc.cscsc Shc*h0cn 4s bbsc*/+ c+ Du0nc.cu <nsu4s% <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h % ch*c hcblb bcu)+ *bnul 0hscs ubs hl sn2sns cs shlc 0+*c3ss% hscs sc <ncs2*ch.+ <n hcchs + Bs sc cu ss0)ls h c subs bh*c: hcblb s0cns% hscs *c.u0h : hcblb h *+g<ndu"s /cnc*h3sc 0+*c3sh% hscs s <*nsnd db/c.s dc h2cc3sunc d*hgbs ch sh. G<ndc4 c" c% dhc+ h* *cbus s+ *ccs )*sn 0sDlbcul cc clb* <ngc*c4 s% c*bsndu"3s d*u0 )*sn *c sc*h*hss h*s)h c% cu hc*u/s0s dc"b )h* c 4s dc hl h ch s+ *ccs u% cu cc ch0+ hs )u*ccdc% cu cc s2shl+ c"hs h)*b)shQ Sh h uncs h0sn c c+ )c <nsu4s Db0nul 4s Du0nc.cul <l /cs )*s0s h.s% <n 0sDlbcul sc*h*hsslb* nc/+.u c. Sh sch0h cu cc )*cg+ s*c /ss% cu cc h*s)s dc /s* u3s c h)*b)ss% sh* )*cg+ s*ch h s+ *s/hls.c.c cu cch h hc*u/s0slb* <n cunb4 sn3+ 4s cu h sc*h2s0slb* <n d*hgbs c. PUNCTUL 7 Duhu*slc cclc dbgb*s bh*c c*hu h < dc h)*b)sh c dc 0+*c3sh cch nc0+*gsns +. <nc< b hsss hu chsh* l<ng+ *bn% dc4s cbn snuhu s+ dch dsn h*s)s% ch s+ sc h)*b)sc 4s 0hs 0ul % c+cs cu c< <l cunb4 s 0hs 0ul )c Du0nc.cu% cu h < 0hs 0ul <l db*c4 s: sc 0ss usc dc subs*ch ds/sn+% 4s 0hs /<* bs ccs 0hs h)*b)sh3s% c+cs subs*ch nu dbh* <ng+dusc% cs unc4 c: subcsc 0ul 4s <nc+ 4s 0hs 0ul db*csc. Cu0)1nc4 c"3s hscs% b% su2lc c hl 0cu% nc)+sh*ch: cb0)h*+"3s *+cchlh cu 2bcul hcclh 4s s)unc cu0 dc <nd*+.nc4 s ch% dc un Du0nc.cu ch*c c 2bc 0ss us b*% s+ c h)*b)ss cu h < dc )u3sn+ <n2l+c+*h*cO Khcul +3slc
hlc 2b* s2scc"3s sn clcc ul ch s+"& cunb4 s% /bsn3h ch s+"& subc4 s% 4s du)+ cc 0ul % 0hs 0ul 4s 0hs 0ul % c+cs ccch cc nu dbb<ndcsc duhu*slc h*s)h c cu 0+*c3sh lb*% dbb<ndc4 s u cu Dbsnscsh h% dcbh*ccc 3s sc <ng+dusc nu nu0hs s+ s hs <nhsn ch Db0nulus% b1 <nd dsn h*s)s% cs s+"& h sngs cu bu.clc% s+"& dcgu4 s <n gu*+% )<n+ cc"& hducs <nl+un *ul )sc) ulus +u. Dhc+ sc*h2s0slb* ls
67
rc#sn dsn Msh00s6 Hlu.sc lh *cgsnh ssn Shbh% ch*c% /s.s <nd c0)lul lus Sblb0bn% *h0<nc us0s + dc 0+*c3sh cbns *uc3scs 4s dc <n3clc)csunch .sds b*ulus *cghl% c2. SS Phrhs., 2,&"&7.
MCDS0HDSH 15
6'6
sc <ng+dusc s+ s ch dc s *hD+ l<ng+ *bnul lus Du0nc.cu% 3sc ch <nsu4s Du0nc.cu s+ s ch dc s *hD+ <n *+*unchss +s: )u3sn 0hs hs dc sn/sdsh lh cs? cunb4 sn3h% nu 2c*scs*ch: )*c3us*ch% nu hh <*ul. PUNCTUL 6 Duhu*slc subs bh*c <4s hcb)c*chu 2h3h% c+sndu"sc c+ nu"& subcsc )c Du0nc.cul lb* h < h c< s"h* c+dch% h < h c< h* 2s /*u % )cn *u c+ )bssbsls h ch lb* nu sc *sdsc+ lh <n+l3s0ch h2cc ulus: <4s hscundchu sub h*s)s *u4snh*ch% dhc+ nu cu0/h c*h /+l )cs c /cnc*h3sh lb*: hsss hu s2ss c dc nc)u sn3h lb*% ulbu*h c dc"b h)*b)sc*c h < dc nc0sDlbcs +: <4s hcb)c*+ 4s )scsbh*clc% hcu.<ndu"lc c+% 2h3+ dc h*s)s% s<n .+bh/nscc% 4s"n clc ss03+0sn clc lb* <nc*c0cns c. B% su2lc c lcnc4Q Cu0)+nc4 c c+ dhc+ sc s2scsc sc*h2s0ss% sbcb" sndu"sc nc/*cdnscs s+ sc h*h c <nhsn ch s0cnscs 0+*c3ss h lus Du0nc.cu 4s dhc+ lb* lc c ch0+ s+ b )*s/chsc+"n 2h3+% u% h < dc cb/<*4s dc s0)c*2cc3suns% dhc+ nu 4s dc )+ch c% h < dc <nghc3h <n subs*ch lus ds/sn+% h < dc nc)sbs <n *u sluDs*ch"s ds/sn+% cu0 dc nu c ulbu*s h.s c<nd /ss ch s+"& )*s0c4 s% sns0h h 2ssnd"s *bnO Sc*h2s0ss <4s hcu.+ )scsbh*clc 2+cu c s+ chlcc )c s clc% sh* u% cu )scsbh*clc <nglbdh c <n n+0blul lu0ss% hcb)c*s c dc )*h2ul ns0scnscscs hlc% cu0 dc cu c.s s+ c h)*b)ssO Ru4snch.+" c dc Dbsnscsh h 4s nu0hs bun+ h ch hccs us Db0n <0)+* +4s 2sc s+"3s <ncu*hDc.c nc/*cdnscsh: <nlbcusc4 c cu s0c*s*s ls)sh )u sn3clb*% ch s+ )b3s dbb<nds hh <*u*s h < dc 0h*s. PUNCTUL ( Rccunbsc<ndu"4s 2c*scs*ch% sc*h2s0ss nu cbn cnchu s+ lhudc 0+*c3sh ds/sn+? .s 4s nbh) c *c)c hu hccl S2<n % S2<n % ch*c c blh.bnul du0nc.cscsc: <l sn bnhu <n cb*u*s% <0bbldsndu"sc unss )c hl3ss <n *u h)lhu.clc c c*nc: <n+l3hu <n nccu*0h c c<n +*s 0ul3u0s*s cu/cns c 4s /c4nscchu cu glhsu*s nccu*0h c bsnc/bs*slc Db0nulus. <n/h3+% b% su2lc c hl 0cu% dc lh ns4 c h < dc 0h*s 0hgss *s hs d*hgbs cs 4 ssn3h dc h"3s h*+ h *ccunb4 sn3h: c/lh/sslc hlc *s/hls.c.c cu snccndsslc lb*: h cn3sh h 2sc )c 0+su*h hsss cn3cs lb* 4s% dhc+ nc)u sn3h h c"h* 3snc"n lbc% s+ c u*nchsc+ 2c*scs*ch: 0+* u*sslc dc subs*c <n *chc+"sc )*sn cul0s dc s0c*s*c: du)+ <n+l3s0ch .b*ulus +u *c *hg+"3s"sc Dbsnscsh% )*cschs0b<nd hh <*u*slc <n hh*u*s 4s 0slbs cnsslc 2+*+ dc s2<*4s <n lhudc /c4nscc <n b3s /ccss /ccslb*. H0sn.
MCDSTHSH &A Ch s tc cu"snccs ch lh un !sp dcsc!pcrst

PUNCTUL & #"%cl cc cs c sn/s h lh 0hsh unus )*sncs)c sc g<ndc4 c cu0 s+ sc )*cg+ chsc+% h4h <nc< s+ )bh + 2blbss )*slcDul: nu sc sh u*+ 0hs <nhsn c cu 0<nc+*u*s dc *<nd 4s g*bsblhnc c<nd sc h4 ch) + lh hl clc hlcsc 4s )*c3sbhsc: *+0<nc nc0<nch % h3<3<ndu"4s h)c s ul% 4s 2hcc bh*ccc 0s4ch*c ch s+"4s 2hc+ )b2 + dc 0<nch*c: /snc cu h)+ l+sh +"n gu*+ 4s cu 2bh0c <n *c3snu +% bh chsh* s <*ns + )cn *u cchsul )b *s/s % 0+n<nc+ du)+ )b2 h sns0ss 4s"s chdc bsnc. B% u% ch*c h.s c4 s sn/s h lh ccl 0hs 0h*c bs)+3 hl cclus 0hs 0h*c Mbnh*h% cu0)+nc4 c cu0 hscs b ul <ncc ch.+ h 0hs s dbh* 0h*c% dc/cnsnd sn2sns ? Db0nul ch*c 2hcc )b2 s*ch 4s bs)+3ul <nsu4s? dbh* bhs)c clc c un /sc*0c% 4s bc0hs )cn *u snc sc g+ c4 c bh + sn2sns*ch lus Du0nc.cu ch 0<nch*c. bh + 0+*c3sh Cc*ulus ch bhnchc % c+cs dhc+ P<snch cs c h <ngc*slb*% h*hnh cs c Db0nul <nsu4sQ #snb cu l+un *ul gbl dc bh c ch s+"& )*s0c4 s )c un Du0nc.cu cc u0)lc b ul% nu c ss03s ghs2 us dc cc)clc lu0ss c<nd 0+n<ncs P<snch Cc*ulus% c+cs <n lbc s+"3s dch /sh3+% <3s /h )*scsnus 0bh* ch: /snb s *+sn dc b*scc /sn+ lh bs)+3ul cu *cnu0clc dc "ulu"srch cch !un. Nu c <n2*u) h dsn buch c 2+*+ c+ldu*+. 2ssndc+ s<n su)*hsubs hn3shlc 4s nu 3s"h* c+dch bsnc: cbh) c% dh. lh 2bcul uncs *ug+csuns 2sc*bsn3s% 4s sh h0sn c c+ c/lh/sh c .hh+*ul hccs cs sh/u*bhsc 0<nc+*s dhlbc67. PUNCTUL 7 Lh bs)c3c% sc bbs4nusc4 c ch )lh bu*slc s+ 2sc dcscb)c*s c )c *<nd% )cn *u ch bhs)c3ss s+ )bh + hlcgc du)+ )*c2c*sn3c 4s 0<nch du)+ gus ul 2scc+*ush: c<nd c <ns+ /b*bh dc un bhnchc sb0) ubs lh ch*c sc sc*/csc 2clu*s 0ul c 4s hlcsc% 2scc+*us bhs)c c s sc d+ b lss + h u u*b*h% ch s+ 4 sc cc h*c dc 0<nch 4s s+"4s )+s *c.c h)c s ul )cn *u 2clul )c ch*c 4s"& 4 su ch )c hl lb*% ch*c lc )lhcc ccl 0hs 0ul % ch s+"4s <0)h* + )*c2c*sn3clc 4s s+ sc bucu*c dc bh c cu *bs .
67h
"*ncrs hl!c6 <n b*sgsnhl% >0hnDh* blhncb"% )*sn hnhlbgsc cu un 2cl dc 0<nch*c s)ccs2sc s)hnsbl% )*c)h*h dsn lh) c% .hh+. 4s )sc) dc )hsh*c ;Cb/h*nsbshs% Tcsb*b% ).7&'E. MCDSTHSH &A 6'B
B% u% ch*c c h4c.s h.s lh ncs21*4s ul bhnchc dcs2+ + b* cclcb*h dc )u c*ch Th +lus% *<ndus dc <n3clc)csunch Ksulus% g+ s dc 2bcul Duhulus S2<n Q Sh h0sn c c+ 2clu*slc dc 0<nch*c )*c3sbhsc s<n hcb)c*s c sub hccsdcn c hlc )<snss: /sn+ c*cdsn3h h ch s+ lc hduc+ lh /cdc*c% 4s u s+ lc bbsc*/s% )cn *u ch% 4 ssnd cc hs dc 0<nch % s+ 4 ss cu0 s"b 2hcs <n chs)ul ccl 0hs s.bu s . s sc /h dh b lss + h buch clb* 0s*hculbhsc? Mc"!rsh" kccst "srh!slsu" su!ru"''. Cs c4 c"b cu h cn3sc 4s /cs /cdch c+ .scc? Hscs sc sc*/c4 c un 0scl dc lh) c nc)*sh+ns %
2*+gc.s lh 2bcul d*hgbs cs shlc. B% cc 0<nch*c dclsch +Q Sh + b sns0+ subs bh*c dc su2lc c. B% cc 2cl gus bsQ B ls0b+ ch*c% dc4s dsn ch s./b*+sc 0hn+% lh) c 4s 0sc*c% h 2bs b u4s h0+*< + cu 2sc*c 4s b3c . Hs g*sD+ s+ b 0+n<ncs cu )l+cc*c hlchs+% 4 ssnd c+ nscs 0<snslc 4s )scsbh*clc s *+)unsc dc cusc nu s<n dc lc)+dh : cu0)+nc4 c hs 2cl cc 0+n<ncs 4s <0)h* c"3s c/lh/sh. PUNCTUL 6 Dcs)*c gus u*s% nu <nch)c 0s*h*c% nscs dsscu3sc: unss db*csc un 2cl dc 0<nch*c% hl3ss hl ul: cu h*c db*c4 c dulcch3h cb)sl+*scs lus Ssus% 4s cu h*c h0+*+csunch )h s0slb* shlc: hccs h chu + )s4c+ u*h dss)*c3us*slb*% hcclh sh*ch db/c.slb* lus dc subs*c: 2scch*c du)+ cu0 <s c duhul% 4s hs h ls sc )h*c luc*ul ccl 0hs bun: 4s h4h cu0 cbnsu0h b*ss dc buch c 0h c*shlc .+bb/csc hsu)*h cclb* sh/u*h c% >S+ nu nc g*+bs0"% .sc cs: >s+ *u0cg+0 2+*+ g*hb+% s+ 0cs cc+0 c0csnsc 4s b s+ nc chd+ bsnc": h4h sc <n <0)l+ 4s lh hccs bs)+3 Shc*h0cn hl? unss sc duc cu uccnscul subs lh )sc) ul <n/+3+ b*ulus lb* 4s% ch /ul u*ss% sc <n2*u) + dsn sns0h cch subs bh*c: hl3ss% <0)*cun+ cu Mhgdhlcnh% chu + )scsbh*clc% <n ch*c"4s g+scsc h*hnh s0c*cnscs: unul% cu )*chdulcclc Bc*nh*d 6(% cbhs h s *+)uns+% sh* hl ul% cu S2<n h Cch c*snh% ch)ul <0)uns dc s)sns6B: sc g+sc4 c 4s unul ch*c"s 2u*+ lus Sudh bb*h.ul 2blbss nc/*cdnsc% dh* ch*c nu s"h c+.u bsnc% dcbh*ccc s s"h h)lcch dc *+u h c. #snb lh bs)+3% su2lc c hl 0cu% 4s h*+nc4 c" c cu cc"3s /h 2s )l+c<nd 0hs 0ul % dc4s b ul c bun 4s b ul bsnc 2*+gc.s % h4h <nc<
66 6(
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CUMSNCCTBRUL
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65
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68
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MCDSTHSH &'
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C2. Mhtcs, &(% &6"76: Mhscu, A% 69"(A: Luch% '% &9"&5: S!hn, &, B"&B.
hduc h0sn c dc h*hnh 0h c*shl+: 3sn <nhsn c *cs .slc dc )bs ch s+ sh/u*c.c cu 4s 0hs 0h*c )l+cc*c 0<nch*ch 0s*hculbhs+: 2sc"s 2bh0ch 2*+gc.s*c% sn *c"n s b0hcu*s cu*h c clsbc*h c dc hls0cn clc )+0<n c4 s: Db0nul lc <n sndc 0hsh <n *"b )us sc% nscsdccu0 <n . .h*/h )sc3clb*. Sh h0sn c% su2lc c% c+ dhc+ )cn *u )<snch hccch 0s*hculbhs+ h 2bs nc/bsc dc bh + hcchs + )*cg+ s*c% c< + bh*c /h *cbus ch s+ )b3s hDungc s+ 0+n<ncs )<snch cbbb*< + dsn Cc*% )<snch su)*h"subs hn3shl+O P*c0ch*g+ hb3snc*ch dc lh Dbsnscclc 0<nc+*u*s lu0c4 s% ch s+ c ducs cu gu*h 2ccsb*clnsc+% cu )<n ccclc slbbbd: cCc*cs h*ch /s* u3slb*% bs cnchlh chnbnulus dcschsd+"3s )b2 h: *cbusc 0ul + *c *hgc*c dsn *c bh0cns ch s+ gu4 s )<snch <ngc*slb*: csnc h*c h"& 0<nch )c Du0nc.cu s+ sc <n *c3sn+ cu Du0nc.cu. T*cbusc s+ /ss cu bh + hcchs + )*cg+ s*c ch s+ hs )h* c dc )<snch ds/sn+% s)*c 0h*ch bucu*sc h duhulus +u% s)*c 2blbsul su2lc ulus +u. PUNCTUL 7
H*c g*sD+ Db0nul dc ccs cc n"hu g*sD+ dc cs% lc )unc lh"ncc*"ch*c c*cdsn3h 4s lc <ncununch.+ <nc*cdc*ch: du)+ cc lc d+ <n )*s0ul *<nd h*hnh su2lc ulus sub 2b*0+ dc <n/+3+ u*+% sc g*+bc4 c cu cch h *u)ulus sub 2b*0+ dc 0<nch*c 4s csnc"s chs/c*nssc4 c )c ccs 0hs u0sls /sc*0s4b*s hs )+0<n ulus nu"s /h us h )c 2sss 0+*un hsclb* shlc: sc cbnsul + cu H)bs blss% sluDs b*s hs 0cscs% dss *sbus b*s hs hh*ulus s+u. S"h g+ss un cb)sl ch*c h/ch csncs )<sns 4s dbs )c4 s: cb)sl *cbush s+ 2sc% )cn *u c+ ss)s h l+cb0scs c )c"h < dc nb/scc% )c c< dc /c c*hn+ cs c cch h /hns +3ss: /h 2s 2bs )*c/cdc*ch /*cunus uccnsc )cn *u <n/+3+ b*ul cc*csc% ch*c nu hd0s c hl 2cs sn dcc< b )<snc dc b*. 4s b chs/c*nssc4 c cu h < h 0+*sns0sc u u*b* c*ch u*slb* shlc. Cu0)+nc4 c% b% su2lc c% s+ nu c cbs c 4s )c snc c< )c hcc4 sh 0hnh cc*chsc+: nu )lcch*ch <n )us ss% nu *ud+ 4s n+du4chl+% c+cs b hs )*c u sndcns: dhc+ )<snch hcchs h h* *cbus <ns+ cu0)+*h +% s+ nc s)un+ S2<n ul Ksls) c< h* cbs h% dh* nu b cu0)c*s )l+ snd"b <n duch3s% cs <n ss03s*s 4s db*u*s% c <0)+*3s + )c g*h ss: cunbh4 c"3s 4s )*c3usc4 c"3s 2c*scs*ch% dcbh*ccc Db0nul c bs)+ ch.+ nu dbh* cu )<snc% cs cu <nsu4s T*u)ul 4s S<ngclc s+u% ch*c s<n dcs2+ h*ch *cgslb*.
MCDS0HDSH 1; 403
PUNCTUL 6 Db0nul s + ch <n 0sDlbcul c<0)sslb*% <ncbnDu*h dc ncs2<*4s h 0ul3s0c dc bh0cns% dc/cnsnd ccn *u hl <nc*cdc*ss 4s 3sn + h )*s/s*ss lb*. Lc )b*uncc4 c H)bs blslb* s+"s <ndc0nc s+ 4hd+% s)*c h 0<nch <n b*dsnc 4s shn+% 4s hnu0c )c 2sn% nu h < )cn *u cb0bds h c% c< )cn *u h)+*h*ch 4ub*c.cnscs b0cnc4 s: sh b )<snc <n 0<n+ 4s"4s h3sn c4 c bchss lh cc*% <n/+3<ndu"nc s+ *ccunbh4 c0 c+ b bsnclc nc /snc dc hcblb: <s d+ bsnccu/<n h*ch% b 2*<ngc 4s ch sc <n0ul3c4 c cu 0sslc: 0<snslc lus )+*chu dbu+ s./bh*c )c*cnc dc )<snc% h4h <nc< 0<snslc H)bs blslb* nu )*sdsdchu s+ b <0)h* + )c bh + c< + sc4ch dsn *"<nsclc. P<snch c*h 0snunh +% *cbusc s+ 2s 2bs nu0hs bsnc cbh) +. Cu cc )b2 + b /b* 2s 0<nch bhs)c3ss hccsh 2l+0<n.s% )c c< dc us0s3s dc )*bdsgsu% )c"h < dc <nc<n h3s dc 2cs snQ <nchs)usc4 c"3s c+ h.s c sn/s + hcclh4s Db0n% <n 0sDlbcul c<0)sslb* Bssc*scss% 4s c+% <n ncs2<*4s h 0ul3s0c dc c*cdsncsb4s% hDungs s+ c <n2*u)3s dsn )<snch 0s*hculbhs+. Cu0)+nc4 c cu c< 0hs dclscsbhs+ 4s 0hs sh/u*bhs+ c cch )c ch*c b 0+n<ncs% c+cs dhc+ hccch h sc4s dsn 0<snslc lus C*ss bs% <n hcchs h s<n cbn3snu c <nsc4s 0<snslc lus 2+c+ bh*c dc 0snuns: cs 0<nchu )<snch Db0nulus% u 0s 3s"& 0+n<ncs )c Db0nul )<snss: cs 0<nchu )<snch dsn 0<snslc lus% sh* u 0+n<ncs 0<snslc hcclcs )<sns: 0+n<nc"b cu )b2 +% c+cs 3s sc d+*usc cu subs*c: )*s0c4 c"b dcscb*s% c+cs 3s sc"0)+* +4c4 c dsn bcl4ug 4s% dhc+ hs 0<nch <nc<n h b <0buc+ u*+ dsn )<snch hccch 0s*hculbhs+% bucu*+" c dc hcchs h% cu h < 0hs sh/u*bhs+% cu c< h*c bh + gus dc Du0nc.cu. PUNCTUL ( Hu *+0hs h < dc *ccunbsc+ b*s bhs)c3ss ccs )c dc)lsn sh ss2+cu3s% <nc< hu /*u s+"& <nhl3c )c C*ss bs d*c) *cgc hl lb*% c+cs unb* 2h) c h < dc su/c*hnc lc cb*cs)und 0ul3u0s*s )*chsu)usc: <l cunbscusc*+ <nhsn c ch dbc b*% hcu0 4s"& *ccunbsc d*c) )+*sn c% cu chsh )lsn+ dc )<snc: ls s"h )+*u c+ sc n+scusc ch s+ lc 2sc db0ns b*% 4s nu sc <n4clhu% 2ssndc+ nu sc /h g+ss hl ul% nscs cu 0<sns 0hs dh*nscc% nscs cu sns0+ 0hs 0h*c. Su2lc c% cc *ccunb4 sn3+ h*+3s u unus Db0n ch*c c"h hssgu*h hs 2cl cu 0<nch*c nu )cn *u b ssngu*+ .s% cs )cn *u bh + /sh3h hO Dc c< c b*s l"hs cunbscu ch dbc b*O Dc c< c b*s 3s l"hs dcscb)c*s ch h +O
404 CUMSNCCTBRUL
Dcclh*+"& h.s <0)+*h 4s Db0n hl +u Du*us % b2c*+"s su)unc*c /c4nsc+% *cnun3+ lh s*hnsslc Sh hncs% 0bh*+ )+ch ul 4s *+shsc+ hh*ul% hduc<nd 0ul3u0s*s sn2sns cs Mhscs +3s% <n b3s /ccss /ccslb*. H0sn.
MCDSTHSH 79 Dcsprc kh#urclc lus Sh"s!n, hplscht Shcrh"cntulus.F

PUNCTUL & lh h0sn c cu0 0hs <n <s h 0u h dsn lbc 2+lcslc unus lcu% )cn *u ch 0hs h)bs s+"s g+schsc+ <n gu*+ 2hgu*clc ccl gus bs% c+cs c nc/bsc ch 0hs <nhsn c s+ <n/sngs g*cu +3slc% )cn *u ch 0hs h)bs s+ culcgs *bdul /sc b*sslb*: hs)*s0ch chnbnulus s"h )*cschs0bh <n dulcch3h *+s)l+3ss% <n *uc< h4h sc"n <0)l+ .slnsc <n cCc*cs h*ch /s* u3slb*: *+bdh*ch sc cbn/c* c4 c <n lsns4 c% )l<nsul <n *<s% 0<hns"*ch <n 0<ng<sc*c% )bs ul <n s+n+ h c *u)chsc+ 4s su2lc chsc+% 4s bh c cclclhl c /s* u3s ch*c )+*chu lcs s"hu h*+ h % du)+ cc hu hDuns s+ )bh + 2s gus h c% 2hgu*s sh/u*h4s. Dh* cc bsnc s"h )*cg+ s Sh0sbn ch s+ c<4 sgc )*c0sulQ Cc cu*hDbs <n lu) +Q Cc scu0) lh /b*bc <n 2h) h /s cDchsc+Q Cc 0+*sns0bs cu h/u3sh g+ss +Q Mc*s + )c bun+ d*c) h c s+ dbb<ndchsc+ dulcc3u*s. <n3clcgc% su2lc c% c+ dhc+ hs +.s hs h c bucu*h dc 2hgu*clc du0nc.cscsc% cu c< 0hs 0s*hculbs% cu h < 0hs gus bs% h* bs <ngc*csc 4s 2hgu*c h*+ bs(& )*cg+ s dc hlbsnclc Cc*ulus% )+s *h <n cch*+ nc<ncc)u +% hlcs dsn *c 0ss% culcs dsn 2lb*slc /s* u3slb*% c+cs 0hs <n <s *cbusc s+ 2ss gh h h lu) h dc"h d*c) ul cu lcs% s+ 0u3s dsn lbc
2+lcslc /scsulus"*cgc% )*ccu0)+ns b* <n snc 4s ch*c dc"h < ch b*s c"h ul *hgsh . PUNCTUL 7 Ksh*h <ncb*bnh + <l h hc+ lh d*u0ul )c ch*c lh4ss dc bbsccs sc <n2*scb4ch.+% 2+c<nd chlc <n bh*s+ dc lh cclc <ncc)u c% dh* Nh.h*s"
C2. 8udcct!rs, &(% B"79. . "s h* bs... h*+ bs? Cchs/hl+0 Dbcul dc cu/sn c dsn cC % >)hn dc lbs Hngclcs ! MCDSTHSH 79 (9B
nchnul% ch unul h < dc chnbns % bbs4nus dc 0ul s+ bs*ushsc+ g*cu +3s% sc sh dc )sc) cu cl% c+cs c dc 0h*c <nsc0n+ h c hb +*<*ch /s ch.+ dc"h h)uch lcul dc g*u0h. 4s hu*ul dc cbh*nc(7: <l s2<4sc ch )cdch)s+ )cn *u g<ndul lus *+u% c+ s + ch s+"& <nghs +. B% u% ch*c c s *+dusc4 s s+ u*0c.s d*u0ul /s* u3ss% s+ 0c*gs dcs lh s2<n h cb0unsunc% sh sch0h c+ 3s sc /b* s/s <n chlc g*cu +3s <ns)+s0<n + bh*c? /h <ncc*ch s+ c <nghs + lcul sn2c*nhl <n42+c<ndu" c dc )+ch % <nhsn c ch u s+ hDungs h 0<nch 2hgu*clc )lsn dc 0sc*ch cch dulcc h du0nc.cs*ss% 4s chsh* dc nu /h )u ch )unc )scdscs buncs hlc sn cn3ss% /h <ncc*ch s+ c dss *hg+ )cn *u h"3s *+)s dulcch3h c/lh/scs% )cn *u h"3s *+cs )b2 h <n2l+c+*h +. #cs 2s 4s 0hs ss)s s <n .suh cb0unsunss: chu + s+ nu c lh4s <n/sns 4s% cu hb +*<*c /s ch.+% s *+dusc4 c" c s+ *ccs )cs c bh c g*cu +3slc. PUNCTUL 6 Sh0sbn *c2hcc d*u0ul 4s 0c*gc"n c+u h*ch lculus% ch s+"4s *c<0)*bs)+ c.c bucu*sh /sc b*scs: u0blh du)+ )u c*c 4s h g+ss dulcch3h: h c*c.u c+ d+ dc un lcu 4s s"h )b0cns cu un 2hgu*c dc 0sc*c: bucu*<ndu"sc% du)+ cc <n <s s"h 0snunh % nu sc lhs+ cu)*sns dc sc<*b+ 4s nscs dc un dss)*c3 )*udcn % cs% scb3<ndu"& chsh* dsn g< lcDul 2sh*cs% <l 0u +"n )*b)*sh"s gu*+: h ss03s nu0hsdcc< dulcch3h 4s h <ncc)u s+ sc dcs2c c cu ch% sh/u*<ndu"4s *bdul 0uncss: s"h )b2 s )c 0h0h sh 4s )c ccs cc"& <nsb3chu nu h < ch s+ 2hc+ )h*hd+ dc cu*hD% c< ch s+ lc <0)+* +4chsc+ h/u3sh g+ss +. H)*b)sc" c h.s% su2lc c hl 0cu% dc h)*sgul lcu hl ds2scul +3ss <n2*<n c )*sn /s* u c% hl ss)s cs cu 2+lcslc 0u h c dsn lbc 4s% dhc+ b cbnssdc*s <n chs) 0hs cnsg0h sc% /snb l<ng+ lcul 0b* hl lus Sudh 4s scbh c"s )*chdulcclc 2hgu*c <0)+* +4s dsn gu*h b *+/s + dc 2sc*c% dsn )sc) u"s s2<4sh : gus + c< dc dulcc cs c Db0nul% 0+n<nc+"& cu c/lh/sc 4s"s /cs ss03s dulcch3h: dcs2h +" c cu cl% c /cs bucu*h dc lh) clc 4s 0sc*ch cc s./b*+sc dc sub ls0bh Ds/snulus Ms*c. PUNCTUL ( #s ch.ul Nh.h*snchn *+0hsc h < dc 0<nd*u dc nb*bcul s+u% h < dc <nc<n h dc 2hgu*clc ccl )*bdsgsbs% <nc< <4s 2+cu 2hl+ dsn
(7
... thurul dc c!h"c6 <n cC % >Hcbgc*P )b* lhs ghnhs cl )c."% ls c*hl? >h h)uch )c4 clc dc u*cchs".
dulcch3h lus 4s% ch s+"& )*ch0+*chsc+ 4s 0hs 0ul % <l )*c.cn + ch )c"b cnsg0+ 0ss c*sbhs+. B2c*s )*c0ss )*scc)u3slb*% ch lh b 0hs+ h )*scc)c*ss. B% su2lc c 2c*scs % 2sc"3s slh/+ 4s 2hl+ 2hgu*clc hccs h <0)+* +4s % )*bsl+/c4 c"& <n *u 0hs 0h*ch h glb*sc: d+ 0ul3u0s*s Db0nulus )*sn lhudc: 2sc"3s *ccunb4 sn3h sc0n c+ hs cbn snuh s+"& sh/u*c.s 4s cunbhsc+"sc c< dc 0sc*bhs+ 3s"h *+0hs ls0bh du)+ dulcch3h c<n +"*slb* cs: 4s c<n + bshnhlclc Db0nulus% gu*+ cc"hs 2bs h < dc <ndulcs + cu *u)ul 4s s<ngclc s+u: <nhl3+"sc lh cc* h)lhu.clc dcs snh c uncs )<sns )bgb*< c dc hcblb.
MCDSTHSH 7& Dcsprc !spul lus Ss"!n lcpr!sul 4s dcsprc p!csnh Mh#dhlcncs, hplschtc Sksntcs C!"unsuns.'
#CEn c0)l+ c< dc 2slb s0(( hccc) + h.s Db0nul bs)+3ul unus lc)*bs% ch s+ b /sndccc )c b )+c+ bhs+ /s ch.+: nu sc ducc h *hs dc 0<nc+*u*slc gus bhsc% cs <nsc h dc lhc*s0slc"s h0h*c: Cl c bhs)c clc 4s Mhgdhlcnh c sn/s h h lus: dc <ndh + cc &"h cunbscu )c Db0nul% s"h cunbscu )c ch <ns+4s% 0+*c3sh lus 4s Dbsnscsh cs% d*hgbs ch lus 4s *+cchlh cs: h cb0)h*h bun+ h ch ds/sn+ cu sng*h s udsnch cs b0cnchsc+% 4s ch% ch*c hdb*h s+ 2sc db*s +% du)+ cc cunbh4 c subs*ch cch 2+*+ dc s2<*4s % s sc hbhndbnch.+. H cc*cc h undc sc h2lh 0hgnc ul ds/sn hl g*c4clslb* cs: nu"s )hs+ dc cc"h* s)unc bh0cnss% nu0hs Du0nc.cu s+ nu s)un+: sc dc.b*hc+ dc /c40sn clc"s dc ghl+ )*b2hnc 4s"4s )unc hhsnh Cc*ulus% ch*c c s blh nc0u*s bh*c: 4s h4h% *+ns + dc d*hgbs c 4s /ulnc*h + dc du*c*c% .bbh*+ <n
c+u h*ch subs b*ulus cs subs 4s"4s )lbcbnc4 c )cnclc 0<nd*c sub +l)slc du0nc.csc4 s.
(6
C2. Luch, 5% 6A"B9. H *hgc0 h cn3sh <ns+ c+ <n cC ul c/hnghclsc c /b*bh dc Ss0bn .Phnscul"% nu >lc)*bsul" $lcpr!s!), cu0 h)h*c <n b cu)*snsul 0cds h3scs. Nc4 ssnd dhc+ c b c*bh*c shu b sn cn3sc )blc0sc+ h hu b*ulus% )+s *+0% cu 0cn3sunch cu/cns +% chls2sch s/ul s)hnsbl. (( ksl!ts"6 <n cC % >h Sb ghlhn c"% undc #hlhntc h*c un <n3clcs 0b*hl 0hDb* dc >0+*sns0bs 4s% b bdh +% clcghn 4s )*b0b b* hl bunclb* 0hnsc*c". Sc )h*c c+ G*h"cs1n h* 2s )*bscc h 4s un *h h s)ccs2sc% Cl Ghlhntc, <nsc*shbsl <n )*b)cdcu sch sh bh*bc+.
MCDS0HDSH 21
407
Cu0)+nc4 c c< dc bsnc h 4 su s+ sc *<ndushsc+ hcchs + nb/scc uccnsc+% cc )*cg+ s*c h < dc ns0c*s + ch s+ sc )b2 chsc+ nu lh dcs2+ +*slc bhnchc ulus% cs lh sus)snclc sns0ss. Cbn c0)l+" c% su2lc c% hcb)c*s dc )+ch c% dcs)ush dc hh*: <n/h3+ cu0 *cbusc s+ c )*cg+ c4 s ch s+ )+ *un.s nu lh bs)+3ul lus Ss0bn lc)*bsul% cs hl 2c*0cc+ b*ulus Ssus cclus <0)+* +4s . Sh b hb +*<*c /hDnsc+% *cnun"3<nd lh lu0c 4s lh dc4c* +csunslc cs 4s% <n s *hsc dc )cns cn3+% du" c s+ c h*uncs lh )scsbh*clc Db0nulus ch*c h < dc 0slbs s/ c"h4" ch) + lh bs)+3. PUNCTUL 7 C*ss bs luh 0hsh c<nd h sbss % 2l+0<nd+ dc cl% )+c+ bhsh? h sbss cc*bbhsch <nsc h +% bs cns + dc /cnsnul /snslb*% ch s+ <nchsnc <n csns ch Db0nulus cu lhc*s0slc cs: sn *+ 2+*+ s+ bh +% dh* 4s 2+*+ s+ sc hbh + dc lh chc0h*ch hh*ulus: 4s% cu bh c c+ b*scc )*slcD c bun ch s+ c h)*b)ss dc Du0nc.cu% s s"h )+*u 0hs lcsnscsbs ccl hl unus bs)+3% s)*c h"4s h *hgc% )*sn *c 2clu*slc sc*/s c% 0slbs cnss. Nu cu ch.+ h sc h)*b)sh 2h3+ c+ *c 2h3+% c+cs )c cch ds/sn+ b ss0 c 2bh* c b2cnsh +% 4s )c"h cs )c c< dc /snb/h +% )c"h < dc *u4snh +: sn *+% h4hdh*% cu s)h clc <0)b/+*h dc g*c4cls 4s b< lhnch cch 0<nd*+ 4s 2*u0bhs+ chdc *+ns + dc subs*c lh )scsbh*clc /<n+ b*ulus ds/sn. Su2lc c% dc /*c0c cc"3s )*ssbscsc /snslc% s+ nu"3s 2hc+ ls)s+ c+sn3clc: u*0ch."b )c Mhgdhlcnh <n )l<ns% dc /*c0c cc <n *clc hs u*0h "b: du" c nc)b2 s lh bs)+3ul dc lh Hl h*% 0ul 0hs <0bcl4ugh 4s 0hs dcs2+ h dcc< ccl hl Kh*ssculus% 4s undc nu /cs 2s 0us *h % cs bsnc )*s0s : nu /cs 0+ u*h )bdchuh% cs /cs )+4s )c Cc*: *bhg"b )c Mhgdhlcnh s+"3s lhsc unul dsn )scsbh*clc lus C*ss bs ch s+"& schl.s% <n s0) cc ch <l ud+ )c ccl+lhl cu )l<nsul cs: <n/h3+ dc lh uccnsch Db0nulus lcc3ss dc )bc+sn3+: <nsb3c4 c"b hcu0h <n du*c*c% )cn *u ch 0hs h)bs s+ c hDu c ch <n 0<ng<sc*c. PUNCTUL 6 Ch s+ )bh + sc4s dsn gcnunch g*c4clslb*% Mhgdhlcnh /h*s+ b 0h*c dc lhc*s0s% ud<nd )scsbh*clc lus C*ss bs: cu lhc*s0s h0h*c <4s s)hl+ su2lc ul dc gunbsul dcs2+ +*slb*% lc 4 c*gc cu )lc clc )c ch*c 4s lc )*c2hcc <n lh3u*s hlc lus Du0nc.cu% du)+ cc <nl+n3ussc*+ su2lc c: nu cbn cnc4 c s+ lc s+*u c% <0)+c<ndu"lc dc b h < ch b*s
dc c< c lc Dsgnssc: sc dc/b ch.+ )c dc"h"n *cgul subs ulus cs% bc0hs ch% ch*c s sc *c2u.hsc )c dc"h"n *cgul: c cbnccn *h + <n <n *cgs0c hsu)*h lus% cu bh c 2hcul +3slc 4s ss03u*slc cs 4s <nc+ 0hs /<* bs cu sns0h: <s schld+ )scsbh*clc cu cclc dbu+ s./bh*c hlc bchslb* 4s s lc sbh*bc cu h0<ndbu+ bu.clc: cu 0<snslc"s hlbc lc s *<ngc 4s cu )+*ul cs b+lhs s lc 4 c*gc% )cn *u h sc cbnshc*h bh h lus Du0nc.cu% ch% ch*c sc )<ng+*ssc bh +. Cu0)+nc4 c% b% u% ch*c c"hs cu0sncch % 0hs 0h*ch h 2c*scs*c 4s 0c*s ul +u 0hs 0sc% c+cs dhc+ Mhgdhlcnh hDungc s+ hsb+ )h* c dc )scsbh*clc lus C*ss bs% u% s+ c bucu*s dc cl <n <n *cgs0c: dhc+ ch s+"& s+*u c% u s+"& 0+n<ncs: nu dbh* <s s *<ngs )scsbh*clc <n b*h3c% cs *+*unchss <n *+*unchs: ch <s b2c*+ lhc*s0slc cs% Db0nul <3s d+ 3sc s+"s bcs s<ngclc: ch <l usuc+ cu )+*ul cs% u cu bhsc*clc sns0ss hlc: dhch ch <l h)uc+% u <l <nchs.s <n snc? 2blbsc4 c"3s% h4hdh*% b su2lc ul 4s bh c 2hcul +3slc ch s+"& sluDc4 s 4s s+"& hdb*s <n .suh"n ch*c <l )*s0c4 s. PUNCTUL ( Kh*sscul c*s sc+ cc 2+cch Mhgdhlcnh% nu cc 2+cusc% dcbh*ccc lu0ch c )*bcu*b* hl /s* u3ss 4s h/bch hl /scsulus. Cu hl3s bchs b )*s/c4 c Db0nul% b hl ds2c*s3s dc"hs bh0cnslb*? <ncc)c s+ *clh c.c sluDs*slc Mhgdhlcncs% sublsnssnd b0sssunslc lus Ss0bn? >Tu% .scc cl% n"hs bsnc/bs sh 0+ s+*u3s )c 2h3+% ch <ns+ n"h cbn cns <n b hccs s0) s+"0s hdb*c +l)slc: u nu 0s"hs dh h)+ dc s)+lh % ch <ns+ dsn bchss cs 0s"h u*nh "b: n"hs *sss)s nscs b )sc+ u*+ dc un dclc0n )cn *u ch)ul 0cu% ch <ns+ 0s"h /+*sh )c )scsbh*c ccl 0hs scu0) bhlsh0: n"hs dcs)+ u*s un )*bsb) ch s+ 0+ 4 c*gs )c 0<sns% ch <ns+ 0s"h 4 c*s )scsbh*clc cu sculul )*c3sbs hl )+*ulus cs b+lhs." Hscul +% su2lc c% cc"3s s)unc 4s 3sc <nc+ b dh + hcclh4s Db0n% h.s% c<nd l"hs g+.dus nu dbh* <n chsh% cs <n )sc) ul +u. >Su2lc c% nu 0s"hs dh nscs b s+*u h*c dc )hcc% <n schs0b h < ch dc *+.bbs )*sn )+ch clc hlc: n"hs /+*sh b lhc*s0+ dc <ndusb4h*c% )c c<nd cu c schld <n s<ngclc 0cu. Cc )u3sn+ 0s*chs0+ dc /s* u3s *+s)<ndc4 s% dh* cc nc)+s+ b*% cc .g<*cs 4s cc g*bsblhn c"hs )u* h Q" P*c"schs0b+"3s 0cschsn+*sslc <n *ccunb4 sn3c 4s% dc /*c0c cc"b <n *ccs )c Mhgdhlcnh <n hh <*% chu + s"b cghlc.s <n d*hgbs c. Hscul + cc"3s s)unc C*ss bs? >Mc*gs <n )hcc% dc /*c0c cc <n 0slh 0cu% )*c3u"snd"b ch 0hs"nhsn c )sc*du +"% 4s u *+s)undc"s? >Du0nc.cul 0cu 4s Db0nul 0cu% 0hs dcg*hb+ s+ )sc*d b 0sc dc /sc3s dcc< s+ c 0hs su)+* <nc+ b dh +."
MCDSTHSH 77 (9'
MCDSTHSH 77 Dcsprc !hsh cch pscrdut 4s #sst, !sptht cu P*snch Ccrulus.+

PUNCTUL & Cbn c0)l+ cu0 bs3h cch )*bhs +% h0+gs + dc bhnh 4s )u* h + dc )lhcul cs% sc *u)c dc u*0+% sc dc)+* ch.+ dc )+s b*ul cs 4s sc )sc*dc c<nd <s c*h 0hs bsnc% ch s+"4s <0)lsnchsc+ )b2 clc )c )hDs4 slc <n/c*.s c hlc dcs2+ +*slb*. >S+ nu 2sc )+4unc% .scc ch% )c ch*c )lhcul 0cu s+ n"b chlcc sh*+4s 4s sh*+4s." B% cu0 <4s schs0b+ lsns4" slc hh*ulus )c *sscu*slc /+ds c hlc g*c4clss 4s% d<nd us +*ss dc.0sc*d+*slc unus )+s b* bun ch*c"b h)+*+% sc cC)unc s+ 2sc <nghs3s + dc g< lcDul unus lu)Q Cu0)+nc4 c% b% su2lc c hl 0cu% dc c< c b*s n"hs 2+cu 4s u lh 2cl? <n ch.ul +u sc hdc/c*c4 c )h*hbblh% 4s lu)ul sn2c*nhl sc h2l+ <n ch: u c4 s bs3h% )c c< dc )*bhs +% )c"h < dc *+ +cs +: hs )+*+ss )+4unslc cclc )l+cu c hlc hh*ulus 4s s+l+4lusc4 s <n u0b*clc 0b*3ss: l"hs )+*+ss )c P+s b*ul +u ccl bun ch*c c"h cu0)+*h cu )*c3ul /sc3ss% ch*c c"h <nsc0nh cu s<ngclc lus% 4s c 3ss du)+ un lcu c*ud ch*c"3s d+ <*cbhlc ch s+ c <nghs +: chu +% <n s2<*4s % s+"3s cunb4 s /snh 4s s+"3s *ccunb4 s )*s0cDdsh% bch+sc ch s+ c hud+ P+s b*ul +u% chch0+"& cu bch+s u*s dc sus)snc% cu s.bs u*s <n )sc) 4s cu 0u*0u*ul )l<nsu"lus +u. PUNCTUL 7 Dc <ndh + cc bbsc*/+ ls)sh bs3cs shlc nch cn c% bhcsul ccl g*sDulsu <4s schs0b+ bdshnh dsn bb*dcs )c *udh c+u +*ss? sh +"& cu0 sh*c )*sn 0un3s 4s *ccc )cs c dchlu*s% <n s0) cc ch 4hdc"n /+slc /snb/+3scs shlc. Cc dc )cdc)sc b cbs + )l+cc*slc% cc dc h0+*+csuns dulcc3u*slc% c< + 2sc*c 2hgu*ssQ Cl u0bl+ )*sn *c s)sns% ch )*sn *c 2lb*s: cl nc0<nch % ch )+sc<nd sh*+4s: lus% 0+*+csnss <s s2<4sc cbDbcclul 4s hDung s+"& <ns<ngc*c.c% 0bh*c dc sc c% dc cc n+du4c4 c 0hs 0ul : nu sc b)*c4 c )<n+ cc nu susc )c un 0un c
(B
C2. Mhtcs, &8% &7"&B: Luch, &B% 6"(. C*cdc0 c+ 0cds h3sh nu c s *+sn+ nscs dc un hd0s*hbsl )bc0 hl S2<n ulus Sbhn hl C*ucss% Un phst!rcsc! ;&B87"&B8(E. (&9 CUMSNCCTBRUL
ch s+"s sh 0hs u4b* u*0h: lch)+d+ cbDbcclul 4s% gbl% sc ch3+*+ <n *"un cb)hc% undc% h4c.h <n lbcul ccl 0hs <nhl % <4s <n sndc b*h3clc )c dbu+ c*cngs% sc h <*n+ dc clc 4s sc 3snc cu 0h*c su2c*sn3+: <ncc)c s+ b chc0c cu s *sg+ c )+ *un.+ bh*c 4s chsh* cu lhc*s0s: Cc*ul <l hudc 0ul3u0s + c/lh/scs lus% bs3h 2hcc <ns+ )c su*dh <n <nc+)+3<nh*ch cs% dh*% /hs% sh +"& <nclsn<nd ch)ul% <n *uc< /cdc c+ nu )bh c /b*bs% s)*c h"s 2hcc sc0n% c+cs 0hs dcg*hb+ 4s"h* dh /sh3h dcc< s+ n"b 0hs chc0c 4s% nc0ul3u0s cu h < h% <ng+dusc s+ s sc s)sn ccc )sc) ul 4s"4s h*h + )cn *u ch 0+*un hsclc subs bh*c. Su2lc c% bhsc )sc*du +% c< /h 0hs 3snc hs)*s0ch sns0ss hlcO Rccunbh4 c"& )c Ds/snul +u P+s b* 4s d+"3s sch0h c< <l cbs +: )cn *u snc 4s"h )+*+ss cc*ul 4s h cbbb*< <n lu0c% h n+du4s cu s<ngc% bscclc s" hu s2<4sh s)snh*ch 4s s)snss <0)lclc: s"h <0)b/+*h cu c*ucch 4s s"h )*+/+ls sub ch% h u*ch Gblgb h% s"hu *hs lh sb*3s c+0h4h% s"h c+3+*h gbl <n )b0ul /sndcc+*ss hlc 4s hcblb 4s"h dcs2+cu b*h3clc <n l+ u*s. Nu"& hu.s bh*c cu0 2lusc*+ du)+ snc cu sus)snc 4s lhc*s0sO Us c cu0 <4s <nclsn+ ch)ul% s +*usnd s+ c chc0c: <4s s)sn cc+ cbhs h 4s"3s b2c*+ *+*unchss lus? s2<*4c4 c bdh + 4s )+*+sc4 c"3s dcs2+ +*slc Dbsnscc hlc )+0<n ulus dcc+.u 4s c /cs bucu*h dc nu *c3u*slc gus bhsc hlc Hl h*ulus% ch*c cs c *hsul Bssc*scss. PUNCTUL 6 G+ss +% bhsh <l *chducc )c P+s b*ul cs ccl Bun dc lh 0bh* c lh /sh3+. Cu c< + )l+cc*c b )*s0c4 c <n b*h3clc lus% b dchunh dcschssc )cn *u chQ N"b cch* + su)+*h % cs b 0<ng<sc cu 0sl+ 4s% scb3<nd dsn s<n )<snch cch gus bhs+% b )b2 c4 c cu 0<nh lus 4s"b bs)+ ch.+ cu d*ch) h: b 0u + dsn b*h3c )c u0c*ss lus ch*c% dhc+ <nhsn c <s c*hu ss b/s3s dc )b/h*h /snb/+3sslb*% hcu0h s<n u4u*h3s dc sh*csnh cch scu0)+% b cbnducc <n s <nh cch ssgu*+% b hl+ u*+ cclb*lhl c nbu+.ccs 4s nbu+. Cc bucu*bs 0c*gc Cl cu ch 4s cc 2c*scs + ch cu Cl% bch+snd 4s .sc<nd? >Subs ul 0cu cu 0snc% 4s cu cu Cl bh + 4s cu bh + sns0hQ" Sh h0sn c h.s% su2lc c hl 0cu% bc*b s dc P+s b*ul Ds/sn% <n/cls <n cbDbcul 4s bs)+ h dc 0<nh lus cu P<snch Cc*ulus% c+ cl cs c P+s b*ul 4s h*hnh h: sh )<snch dsn 0<nh lus 4s 0+n<nc+"s 4s 0<nh: cu s<ngclc lus c"h *+scu0)+*h % cu s<ngc c nu *c4 c: Cl c )bh* + )c u0c*s% u )bh* +"& <n )sc) ul +u: Cl <4s c*cs ch.+ cbhs h% u
MCDSTHSH 76 (&&
)unc"& chsh* <n *+*unchss +s: 0+n<nc+ cu )l+cc*c )<snch hcchs h cc"h cbbb*< dsn ssnul Th +lus% )h4 c"b <nc+ b dh + 4s /cs h2lh dcbscbs*ch dsn *c b hsc0cnch h*hn+ h <ngc*slb* 4s b 0<nch*c )cn *u hns0hlc. PUNCTUL ( Bs3h g+ss + u0bl+ bch+snd 4s% hduc<nd 0ul3u0s*s bunulus cs P+s b*% <s )*bclh0+ cu bch+s u*s
hh <*u*slc? >B% subs c P+s b*% s)unc ch% c< <3s s<n dc <ndh b*h +% csnc c"h* )u ch *+s)l+ sQ Hl3s )+s b*s <4s 0+n<nc+ bslc% )c c<nd% <n ccch cc 0+ )*s/c4 c% <l 0+"n<nc cu <ns+0s )c P+s b*ul 0cu: cs 4s lc und ch s+ sc <0b*hcc cs <n4s4s% )c c<nd Tu c dcs)bs ch s+ 0+ <0b*hcs )c 0snc: cs 4s lc Du)bhsc% )c c<nd Tu c4 s b b *hn+ ch s+ 0+ <ng*sDc4 s )c 0snc: cs 4s lc csb0+gcsc% sh* u 0+ shl3s )c u0c*ss +s: cs lc blbgcsc. 4s Tu 0+ /sndccs: cs lc h*unc+ dc )c s <ncs% 4s Tu 0+ )b*3s <n s)snh*c." Cc 0ul3u0s*s s+"3s hduc% Dbh0nc% )cn *u h < ch 0slbs s/s*sO R+s)und+ hh <*u*slc 0clc hh <*u*slb* hlc% c<n h"/bs /c4nsc b c<n h*c nbu+% unsndu"0s bch+sclslc cu cclc hlc u*0clb* cc*c4 s ch*c c lhud+ 4s c )*ch0+*csc <n b3s /ccss /ccslb*. H0sn.
MCDSTHSH 76 Dcsprc rchuh prc#tsrc h cclus hlun#ht dc lh !sp.&

PUNCTUL & #ugc + lh g*sDh cu ch*c sn/s h3ss sc <0b*hc+ s+*b+ b*c4 c ch s+ )bh + h)+*ch <nhsn ch *cgclus: 4 su c1 hcclh ch*c"s sn/s + cs c un *cgc% h4h <nc< nu sc 0ul3u0csc cu b*scc g+ chl+% 4s"b chu + )c cch 0hs 0h*c dsn /sh3+% h4h cu0 bbs4nusc4 c h 2s cch dsn .suh nun3ss. Pbdbhbh )c ch*c b )b*3s h*h + )*c3us*ch )cn *u )c*sbhnh )c ch*c b /s.s c.s% sh* *<ndushlh cC c*sbh*+ c sc0n 4s chsh* .+lbg hl cclcs l+un *scc: nu b*scc <0)bdbbs*c c dc hDuns )cn *u b .s h < dc sblc0n+ ch hccch c1nd c4 s )b2 s dc c+ *c un *cgc: *cbusc s+ 2sc
(A
C2. Mhtcs, 77%&"&(. 412 CUMSNCCTBRUL MCDSTHSH 76 (&6
)*c3sbhs+% 2ssndc+ bchss *cgclus s<n dc)*sn4s cu bbg+3sc 0h*c. Bhs)c3ss hcc4 sh /sn% h4hdh*% cu nbbsl+ g+ chl+% ch s+ 2sc )*s0s3s cu csns s*c hlchs+. Su2lc c% h.s c4 s sn/s h dc ccl 0hs 0h*c Rcgc lh bs)+3ul ccl 0hs 0h*c: cu0)+nc4 c dccs bblsgh3sh dc h c <0)bdbbs: )*ch )u3sn <nsch0n+ s+ /ss dbh* <ng*sDs % ch + s+ 2ss <0b*+ch s+*b+ b*c4 c: nu hDungc s+ /ss ncduhnsnd h )+ch c% cs *+s)<ndsnd 0s*chs0+ dc /s* u3s: nu hDungc b*scc g+ chl+% c+cs bchss du0nc.csc4 s s<h bbs4nus3s cu <0)bdbbs*ch <ngc*slb*. Plchc+% dh*% cu dschss dc s2sn3cnsc% ch s+ 4c.s cu 0+*ch3+ cu/ssn3+ lh 0hsh *cgchsc+. PUNCTUL 7 C<nd b3s c*hu )*cg+ s3s du)+ *<ndushl+ 4s g+ s3s s+*b+ b*c4 c% h cu c.h hl ul% cu b ul hnh)bdh% s+ h)h*+ <n *c d<n4ss 2+*+ hhsnh dc nun +% )c c< dc nc<0)bdbbs % )c"h < dc ncbb*+.h % c+cs cu*hDul sc+lb4scs c nc*u4snh*ch% cu 2h3h <ng+lh + 4s ncs)+lh )c 0<sns% duhnsnd h nccu*+3cnsc Dbsnsc+: sn *+"n shlh cc s0s + un Cc*% cu b h < h ncss03s*c dsn )h* ch"s% c< + su)+*h*c dsn )h* ch cclb*lhl3s: sc /<*+ cb*bul )*sn *c lcbcdclc nsnsc: cs. chnds.s% nu" s s)un ns0sch 4s% 0hs 0ul % h2l<ndu"sc"n chs+ s *+sn+% nu"s 2hc 0us *h*c nscs s +)<nulus cs. H c*c.u )*bs c4 c c+ *cgclc n"h*c s+"& .+*chsc+ dsn chu.+ c+ sc h2lh du)+ )c*dch% shu c+% 0slbs s/% sc /h )*c2hcc ch 4s"n hl c dh3s c+ nu"& /cdc% dh* s"h <n4clh % c+cs Dsgns*s h < dc 2+3s4c% b2cnsc h < dc s2*un h c nu sch)+ nc)cdc)ss c% 2sc 4s nu0hs dc d*hgul <n/+3+*ss dc 0sn c. Cu0)+nc4 c u% cu <n2*scb4h*c% b nccu/ssn3+ h < dc u*< +% 4s nu dsn )h* ch hl ush% cs dsn h h <nsu3s: <nchs)usc4 c"3s cu3s ul hscu3s lh g< ul +u: c<nd *cbusc s+ c h4c.s lh 0hsh hccs us su/c*hn% nu /cns <0b*+ch <n )h s0slc hlc% nu c h)*b)sh duhnsnd h /sns: )*s/c4 c" c <n <s <n bglsndh cclb*lhl3s% <n lucsul unus cCh0cn ncc*u3+ b*: db/cdc4 c"3s 3sc <nsu3s c+ c4 s b0: nu s h lsns4 s lh g<ndul c+ *cgclc +u s + du)+ )c*dchuh hccsdcn clb*% c+cs sc hscundc ch sb3ul du)+ )h*h/hnclc dsss0ul+*ss% du)+ s b*u*slc bbscc3scs shlc. PUNCTUL 6 Sc ss03chu cu b3ss <n lh*gul lb*% db*nscs s+ sc bs)+ c.c dsn buch clc dcs2+ + bh*c hlc 0cscs *cgc4 s% c<nd h sn *h chsh* *cgclc <n )c*sbhn+% c+cs nu <nc*cdsn3ch.+ hl b* bchs cbn *blul 0cscs. Du)+ cc"s *ccunbscu )c b3s bhs)c3ss% unul c< c unul% <l dsbus nu0hs"dcc< )c ccl cc sc4ch <n c/sdcn3+ )*sn nc)b *s/s*c: c*h Dsgns dc 2clul lus sc<*bbs 4s 0hs hlcs bb*h.nsc% dh*% s +)<nsndu"4s sndsgnh*ch cu hDu b*ul bun+ +3ss? >P*sc cnc% s)unc cl% cu0 hs sn *h hscsO TuO s hscsO s 2+*+ hhsn+ dc nun +O" S s"h hd*csh cu >)*sc cnc"% hsc"0usndu"& cu )*s0ul *+d+ b* ch*c h )*b2hnh 0hsh. Nc2c*scs ul n"h h/u cc *+s)undc% db/cds 2+*+ )u sn3+ dc +ghd+% c+cs <4s 0+n<nc+ Dudcch h csnc 2+*+ dc ch 0+n<nc+ lh 0hsh hcchs h? h < Dudcc+ b*ul% c< 4s Dudcch h 2ssnd hscs: nu c nc/bsc dc hl c db/c.s? ch un *+snc chdc scn sn3h dc h 2s dh h2h*+% ls)ss 2ssnd hs 2cl dc chs)ul ccl du0nc.cscsc% cch 0hs du*c*bhs+ )cdch)s+: h 2bs h*unch % ch *+u /+.u cc c*h. <n bc.nclc dc"h2h*+. B% u% ch*c 4c.s lh 0hsh Hl h*ulus% )*s/c4 c% sh h0sn c% nu cu0/h s+ )+3c4 s hsc0cnch ncnb*bcs*cQ Hscul + cc s)unc Rcgclc du0nc.cscsc c<nd 3s sc hd*csch.+? >P*sc cnc% cu0 dc hs <nd*+.ns s+ sn *s hscsO Tu% )+c+ bsulc nc/*cdnscO Tu% 4s <nc+ hscs% <n shlh cu*+3scs <nsc4sO <n ccn *ul s2sn3cnscsO Undc 3s"c )bdbhbh /s* u3slb*O Undc 3s"hs l+sh /c40<n ul hh*ulusO Cc .scsO Cc *+s)un.sO s u h0u3c4 sO" B% cc ulbu*h c"hs )b0cns cu dbu+ *cs *s4 s% dc.bnbh*ch 4s 2bh0chQ Scbh c )*sn u*0h*c dc hscs b bsnc/cns + <n/+3+ u*+ 4s"b ch0+ )lsn+ dc *cs)cc : g+sc4 c 0h*c <n.cs *h*c dc hh*. ch s+ nu ch.s <n cch 0hs 0h*c ds.g*h3sc h lus. PUNCTUL (
Cc bucu*b4s /b* 2s *+0hs ccslhl3s dc 2c*scs*ch lb*% /+.<nd ncch.ul ccluslhl Q Cu0 <4s /b* 2s *sdsch b*h3clc lh Cc* c<nd lc"hu /+.u lcgh c )c"hlc nc2c*scs ulusQ #b* 2s hdus <ndbs c 0ul3u0s*s *cgclus% dc bs)+3 <ndcs ulh3s 4s nb*bcb4s. Cu0 <l /b* 2s l+udh cs dhc+ l"hu /+.u )c ccl+lhl c+ h0u3c4 cQ s"hu dcs2+cu bu.clc"n *u )*ch0+*s*c du)+ cc 0hs"nhsn c )cn *u 2cs sn. Hs g*sD+% dh*% s+ hducs 0ul3u0s*s Db0nulus ch*c c 3snc hs 2cl <n 0<snslc lus: sh sch0h c+ sb*3ss +s s<n <n *"hlc lus: nu h0u3s /snb/h : sc* h % lhud+"& )c Du0nc.cu% dhc+"3s )*c3usc4 s nb*bcs*slc% 2ss *ccunbsc+ b* )cn *u 0slbs cnsslc lus: <ncununch.+"s 0hsh ch l+s h* dc )hcc: s+ nu /sn+ sc*u0s*slc )cdc)scs 2ulgc*h c: c<n + dc bsnc bs)+ h : lhud+"&% <ndcs ulh % )c un Db0n cc 3s"h <ng+dus s+"nchcs sc*bh*ch"n )hcc 4s c"h s+ u*h cu 2lbh*ch 2+snss.
CUMSNCCTBRUL
MCDSTHSH 7( Dcsprc kcrscsrch lus Mcks!!4ct, h4c0ht lh "hsh rc#clus, hplscht lh C!"unsunc.%
PUNCTUL & /.ugc + cc us0s*c <s /h 2s s <*ns lus Mc2sbb4c 4 s*ch c+ *cgclc Dh/sd &"h chc0h ch s+"& h4c.c hl+ u*s dc cl 4s s+ 0+n<ncc lh 0hsh lus? g<ndul <s /h 2s 2bs cb)lc4s dc bucu*sc 4s s0c*cnsh dc s)hs0+. Cl% h < dc dc2h/b*s.h dc Nh u*+% sc /cdch 2h/b*s.h dc g*h3sh *cgchsc+: dc)bscdh dc h/c*c% cl% 2su hl unus su/c*hn dus% cl% nchDu b*h dc s+*hc cc c*h% dh us +*ss dc ls)ss cc c*h% 4chsb) *u)c4 c 4s )*+bu4s su2lc c4 c% cu b h < ch dc2cc c c< c u0slsn3c. M+su*h dccs 0+*c3sh *cgclus <n cb0)h*h3sc cu Dbsnscsh lus 4s /h 2s s)us? >S+ 0+ h4c. lh 0hsh *cgclus cu% ch*c nu h0 nscs cc s+ duc lh gu*+O S+ 0+ sc*/chsc+ )c 0snc un *cgc c<nd ns0cns nu ch hdscsc4 c s+ 0+ sc*/chsc+O" <4s )sc*dch sns0h /+.<nd c< dc )u3sn /hlb*ch.+% dh* sc <nsu2lc3ch /+.<nd c< <l csns ch *cgclc. >Cu0 b s+ h*+ % .scch cl% h4c.h <n 0sDlbcul h < b* 0+*c3ss% cu% cu h < ch dc2cc c: dh* )<n+ lh u*0+% 0h*ch"s bun+ h c <0s /h <0)lsns nc/*cdnscsh." S0hgsnch.+"3s hl Mc2sbb4c % cu 0hs 0ul c dc2cc c su2lc c4 s dcc< *u)c4 s% 0c*cu 4chsb) <n *u ssuDs*ch lus Du0nc.cu% 0+slus dc /sn+ 4s cbc<*Dh s)*c )+0<n % 2su 4s nc)b hl unb* )+*sn3s /*+D0h4s hs Db0nulus% sh* u 0hs )+c+ bs dcc< b3s: 4s c+% *cc<nd )cs c bh c hccs ch% hl *cgc 0hs 0h*c dcc< Dh/sd% c+cs c <0)+*h hl Cc*ulus 4s hl )+0<n ulus% c )b2 c4 c lh 0hsh lus 4s c sc*/c4 c: cb0)h*+ Dbsnscsh h cu 0+*c3sh lus: ncs2<*4s*ch lus cu 0scs0ch h: scbh c dc hscs b 0h*c *u4snh*c% s0c*sndu" c ch unul c+.u 4s <nsu2lc3sndu" c ch bc*b s cc c4 s.
(5
C2. SS Rc#s HSh0ucsP% '%&"&6. <n cC ? Msss!!scL Mc2sbb4c ;shu Mc*sbbhhl% >Mc2sbb4c " 2ssnd b hl c*h*c dc)*ccsh s/+ h lus%Mc*sbbhhl"% ch*c <nsch0n+ >Bhhl c un c*bu"E c*h 2sul lus Sbnh hn >ccl 4chsb) dc )scsbh*c"% 2sul ccl 0h*c hl *cgclus Shul 4s )*sc cnul ccl 0hs bun hl lus Dh/sd% )c ch*c <l h)+*+ dc 0<nsh h +lus s+u. Mc2sbb4c % ul s0 dcsccndcn dsn chsh lus Shul% sc /cdc *c)us <n bh c d*c) u*slc dc c+ *c Dh/sd? >C*h blbg. T*+sh <n Sc*ushls0 4s 0<nch b dchunh lh 0hsh *cgclus." Dh* >ccl 0hs 0h*c )*sgbns b* )c ch*c &"h h/u Dh/sd"% cu0 s)unc G*hcs1n% nu c*h Sbnh hn% cs h +l hccs ush% Shul. MCDSTHSH 7( (&B
PUNCTUL 7 Mc2sbb4c sc s *+dusc4 c s+ sc <0)bdbbchsc+ s)*c h sc )u ch <n2+3s4h *cgclus: <4s hscundc nchDunsu*slc sub g+ cls: nu sc ducc sc<*bbs% ch s+ nu dublc.c Dsgns*ch% cs ds0)b *s/+% <0b*+ch s+*b+ b*c4 c% ch s+"4s +snushsc+ dc2cc clc. Cu c< + s2shl+ /h 2s sn *h <n )hlh Q Cc u0sl sc /h 2s )*bs c*nh lh )scsbh*clc *cgc4 s% s)un<nd? >Dbh0nc% c<nd bh*c h0 0c*s h un hsc0cnch hh <*O H* 2s 2bs )*ch 0ul )cn *u 0snc 4s s+ 2s 0<nch cu slugslc hlc% dh*0s c lh 0hsh h% hl+ u*s dc snc 4s dsn hcclh4s hlc* 4s hcclch4s buch c% bc0hs cuO Us c% 0c*s clc 0clc nu s<n )c 0+su*h unb* 0slbs cnss h < dc 0s*hculbhsc." S2<n ul *cgc <ns+% )c c< dc 0+*sns0bs% )c"h < dc cb0)+ s0s b*% <l /h 2s *sdsch % <0b*+3s4<ndu"& 4s s)un<nd? >Dh% dh% lh 0hsh 0ch hs s+ 4c.s 4s hs s+ 0+n<ncs cu 0snc." Cu0)+nc4 c dccs% c<nd h.s c4 s sn/s h nu dc c+ *c un *cgc )+0<n chn% cs dc c+ *c <0)+*h ul Cc*ulus% lh 0hsh 4s lh hlc*ul lus% cu cc )bdbhbc *cbusc s+ c ducs% cu cc hhsnc s+*b+ b*c4 s s+ c <0b*hcs% s *+dusndu" c s+ hcb)c*s u*<3cnsslc /snb/+3sslb* hlc cu b*nh0cn clc hh*ulus. PUNCTUL 6 Mc2sbb4c 4cdch lh 0hsh *cghl+ )c c< dc s2ss % )c"h < dc bnb*h % bc*b s dc *cgc% hd0s*h dc cu* cns: nbbslss ccs 0hs 0h*s <s s + chu <n )*chD0+% 4s cl 0<nch: *cgclc <nsu4s <l sc*/ch lh 0hs+% 4s dsn b cc /h 2s 2bs 0hs bun. Cu cc )l+cc*c /h 2s 0<nch % 0hs cu sch0+ c+ b ul /cnch dsn 0<nh *cghl+Q Cc 0<ng<sh sc /h 2s ss03s <n nbuh"s 2c*scs*cQ Cc 0ul3u0s dc bs)+3Q Hscs s"hu /+.u *cuns c dc hs + dh + *c)u h3sh 4s 2blbsul% s"hu <n *ccu bun+ h ch lus Dh/sd cu s0c*cnsh lus Mc2sbb4c . Cu0)+nc4 c u% ccl cc c cu0snccs% c+ b*sc< h* 2s 2bs dc 0h*s db/c.slc dc h2cc3sunc h*+ h c lus Mc2sbb4c dc c+ *c *cgclc lus Ss*hcl% clc nsl lc /b* cghlh nscsbdh + )c cclc cc 3s lc 2hcc hs +.s 3sc Rcgclc Cc*ulus? hcblb *cgclc <s d+dch 0<nc+*u*s scu0)c 4s dcs2+ + bh*c% dh* nu 4s )c cl <nsu4s: <l sc*/ch cu buch clc *cgc4 s% dh* nu cu sns0h lus% h4h <nc< Mc2sbb4c 0<nch <0)*cun+ cu *cgclc% dh* nu"& 0<nch )c *cgc. Hscs% <ns+% dh% lh 0hsh hcchs h h Hl h*ulus 0+n<ncs cu Du0nc.cu 4s"& 0+n<ncs )c Du0nc.cu: <3s )unc"n 2h3+ <nsu4s. *u)ul s+u 4s )*sn cl% du0nc.cs*ch sh: <3s d+ c< h*c 4s% b dh + cu b ul% )c ssnc <nsu4s. Kblbsc4 c cu bun"
gus b 0<nch*c h < dc hlchs+% )bh* +" c cu 0+su*+ c<nd 0+n<ncs 2+*+ 0+su*+: 2+ lbc cbnssdc*h3scs% dclcc ch.+" c cu cl: 3snc sch0h c+ cs c b <0buc+ u*+ dc .slc 0h*s% c+cs c un Du0nc.cu hdc/+*h : sh h0sn c c+ 4s <ngc*ss c hsss +% )s.0usndu"3s nb*bcul% dh* )+.snd cu/ssn3h. PUNCTUL ( Mc2sbb4c sc /h 2s h*+ h *ccunbsc+ b* )cn *u h < h h0hbsls h c% <4s /h 2s schs0bh s2sscsunch lh 0<nch cu nccu0)+ h*ch lh 0ul3u0s : )*c3us*ch hh <*ulus )*s0s s"h cunbscu du)+ g*hbh dc h sc bucu*h dc cl? nu s sc /b* 2s *c0h*ch .+bh/clc dc 4chsb)% cs% ssgu*% )unc uhls h ch dc bhs)c c: nu s"h )u* h ch 2sul cclus 0hs 0h*c )*sgbns b* )c ch*c &"h h/u Dh/sd% cs ch /hshlul ccl 0hs c*cdsncsbs 4s *ccunbsc+ b*. Scbh c dc hscs cc lhud+ *cbusc s+ dhs u unus Rcgc h < dc 0h*c cc 3s"h hcb*dh hsc0cnch hh <*u*s% cc 0ul3u0s*s s+ hducs unus Db0n ch*c c"h bs)+ h hs 2cl. Nu"& 0hs b2cnsh ch du40hn% slu"Dc4 c"& ch 2su h < dc <ndh b*h . S+ <nchcs .sc<nd? %.B% Db0nul 0cu 4s Du0nc.cul 0cuQ Mhs b0cnbs dcc< Dh/sd c"hs h*+ h c<nd 0" hs bc*b s 4s <n *u b ul du0nc.cscsc c<nd 0"hs sc* h 4s% cu bh c c+ s<n 0hs )lsn dc ncdcs+/<*4s*s <n hlc su2lc ulus dcc< Mc2sbb4c <n hlc *u)ulus% hs bsnc/bs s+ 0+ )*s0c4 s lh 0hsh h s+ 0+ h4c.s hl+ u*s dc snc% 0s"hs hdus )c hlc* sns0h 4s 0+*un hsclc hlc% d<ndu"0s" c <n <n *cgs0c ch h*hn+. Cc 0ul3u0s*c 3s"h4 )u ch hducc. Dbh0nc% )cn *u hh <*u*s h < dc 0h*sO Ccch cc .scch s2<n ul *cgc Dh/sd? Pb s* )cn *u )b s*. Ksc b cu0sncch*c *+s)lh + )cn *u hl h: )l+ s"/bs dh*ul cu )*s0s*ch lus% c+cs )cn *u Tsnc% Dbh0nc% nu cCss + hl + *c *sbu3sc: /cns"/bs <nc+ b dh + s+ 0+n<nc 4s s+ c 0+n<nc: 0s"h* 2s 2bs dc hDuns 4s 0s"h* 2s 4s )*ssbss s+ 4cd lh 0hsh h*gh3slb* +s% dh* n"h* 2s 2bs dc hDuns )cn *u bun+ h ch h ncs2<*4s +: s+ c lhudc <ngc*ss )cn *u 0snc% dc /*c0c cc cu h0 0<nch )cn *u cs 4s h0 0<nch )<snch lb*: 0slusc4 c"0+ cu un hh* du)+ hl ul 4s 2sc s+ 0+n<nc cu Tsnc bh + /sh3h hcchs h *cc+ bh*c 4s s+ 0+ bucu* dc snc <n bh + cch /c4nsc+."
MCDSTHSH 7B (&5
MCDSTHSH 7B Dcsprc kclul *n chrc h hdus "ulu"srs uccnscul su!st, rc0c"ht lh pscptul *n t!rulus s+u(8
PUNCTUL & #"Jbn c0)l+ cu0 uccnscul cu sns0h cu*h + <4s <nsu4c4 c sns0h <n/+3+ b*ulus s+u: cu c< subc4 s 0hs 0ul % cu h < c bucu*s 0hs 0ul 4s c <n 2s*ch sns0slb* nc)*sh+ns c s+ subchsc+ ccl 0hs 0ul % 2ssndc+% *c2u.<ndu"sc c*ch u*slb*% s sc <nc*cdsn3ch.+ )c dc"h"n *cgul lus Du0nc.cu. Sbhn cs c uccnscul ccl subs hl subs b*ulus dc cu*+3sc? sc )*cg+ c4 c cu )sc) nc)*sh+ns ch s+"& )*s0chsc+ )c Msclul ccl )u*: )unc <n Dbc cul0s dc gsng+4sc 4s ss03s*s )*chcu*h c 4s% du)+ cc"& u*0ch.+ )c b*sundc 0c*gc% sc cusb+*c4 c lh )sc) ul s+u% ch s+"4s *hg+ su2lc ul% sc bdshnc4 c hcblb ch"n )*b")*su"s ccn *u% 4s /h 2s s h hcblb .sc<nd? >Subs ul 0cu cs c hl 0cu% 4s cu h lus% 4s cl )h4 c )*sn *c c*sns"(': nu cc*c hl cc/h su/c*hnulus s+u dcc< h"s <ng+dus s+"& sh/u*c.c <n <n *cgs0c )c dsnh2h*+ 4s )c dsn+un *u: cl <s cs c <ncc)u ul 4s s2<*4s ul% Du0nc.cul 4s bh + h/u3sh lus% <n *<ndul c+*csh b h4h.+ 4s )c Kccsbh*+. Cu0)+nc4 c% su2lc c% cu c< + cu*+3sc *cbusc s+ c )*cg+ c4 s u% c<nd /ss s+ c cu0snccs% )cn *u ch% *ccs)*bc% Db0nul s+ sc bdsh"nchsc+"n )sc) ul +u 4s u <n s<nul lus: *c.chsc+"3s"sc c*cdsn3h% )cn *u ch d*hgbs ch h s+ dbh*0+ <n *u Db0nul: chu + s+ c )*cg+ c4 s cu b sns0+ 2ccsb*clnsc+% +g+dus + b*sc+*cs )hssuns )+0<n" c4 s% cu b cbn4 ssn3+ )u*+% cu*h + dc b*scc /sn+% 4s hs 2cl subs"/cs 4s 0hs 0ul 4s /cs sh/u*h 4s 0hs 0ul db/c.slc du0nc.csc4 s dc h2cc3sunc. PUNCTUL 7 B% )hDu*+ *cghl+% cu cc /+. )+ *un.+ b* c"hs cc*cc h <n b+ hsh Sbh*clus <n *u)h 4s s"hs )*+dh sns0h snccndsh +Q Du)+ cc c"hs s+ u*h dsn )sc) ul lus C*ss bs% cusb+*c4 s <n cl% h4h <nc< <n s<nul lus <3s g+sc4 s h*hnh 4s"3s hs cusbul: .bb*s ch s+ c bdshnc4 s
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CS S!hn, &6%77"75. C2. Bh h*ch c!strsl!r, 7% &A"&5.
CUMSNCCTBRUL
<n *"<nsul: du)+ cc c"hs us h 3sn + lh Sbh*clc <nd*+gbs s 4s s"hs sb*bs *h.clc <n *u0cnclslc s<ngclus s+u scu0)% hs <nchss bchss <n *u cbn c0)lh*ch lsns4 s +. B% cu0 hs lc)+dh b*scc *+cchl+ dc cugc lh c+ldu*h sns0ss <n/+)+sh cQ B% cu0 <s 0hs sc*u hs u*0clc db/c.slb* dc h2cc3sunc% n+scbcs*slc d*hgbs cs shlc% cu0 hs 0hs .+bb/s <n sh/u*h*ch uncs subs*s cc sc <n/c4nscc4 cQ s ch*c% c<nd .scchs c+ sc s2<*4ch% hbsh"ncc)ch 4s% du)+ cc"h subs % h subs )<n+ lh s2<*4s . Su2lc c% cu hcclh4s )sc) c <0bsc h.s hcclh4s Db0n% c<nd 3s sc d+*usc ch h*hn+: /snb h.s s+ c cu0snccs 4s s+ c b)lb4c4 s lh s<nul lus. Bucu*+" c dc hsc0cnch hh <*u*s cu scn s0cn c )c 0+su*+% 4s dhc+ Sbhn h 2bs ccl subs % chu + s+ 2ss u cch subs +? h*h +" c )hDu*+ <n cbn c0)lh*c 4s <n /b*hcs h c dcb)b *s/+: 2sCch.+"& cu bchss c*cdsn3cs 4s )*hd+"& cu d*hgbs c <n2l+c+*h +. PUNCTUL 6 Du)+ cc &"h 0<nch )c C*ss bs% Sbhn <4s sh <ng+dusn3h s+ sc *c.c0c dc cl: l+un *sc 4s h2h*+ /*ch s+
2sc <ncbnDu*h dc <n/+3+ b*ul s+u. B% 0h*clc dsscs)bl hl subs*ss% cc bsnc <4s )unc"n )*hc sc+ <n/+3+ u*slcQ Ksul lus Du0nc.cu *c)hu.ch.+"n s<nul Th +lus s+u C c*n% sh* Sbhn <n ccl hl Ksulus lus Du0nc.cu% c+cs hccs h c lbcul hlcs )cn *u sscs h dc du)+ b h*hn+ ch hcchs h: 2+*+ <ndbshl+ c+% h4h cu0 s"h 2bs )c )lhc% <s /h 2s 4s dc 2blbs. Su2lc c% <n/h3+ s+ db*0s <n *u Du0nc.cu du)+ cc c"hs nu *s dsn *u Du0nc.cu: lsns4 c4 c" c <n cbn c0)lh*c% s+ nu c ulbu*c snsb0nsslc ncs+bus c: nu c *c)c.s nu0hsdcc< <n lu0c% s +*usc <n Cc*ul hccs h. Cc*c"s 0slbs s/s*s unus Db0n ch*c 3s"h h+*+.s hsc0cnch db/c.s dc h2cc3sunc: hsss +"& cbn c0)l<ndu"&% ch b )hDu*+% dc /*c0c cc hs h hs 2bs c<nd l"hs 0<nch : 4c.s db*0snd l<ng+ cl% ch Sbhn% cu bchss <nchs4s c+ *c c*ch u*s 4s dcschs4s nu0hs c+ *c C*ch b*.
MCDSTHSH 7A (&'
PUNCTUL ( Sbhn h *+0hs h < dc *ccunbsc+ b* )cn *u du0nc.cscscul hh <*% <nc< 4s &"h luh d*c) blh.bn% 4s"h 2+cu dsn cl *cnu0c glb*sbs% .sc<ndu"4s uccnscul ccl subs % ch*c s"h *c.c0h lh )sc) ul Db0nulus du)+ csn+. Sbhn /*ch s+ .sc+ 0ul3u0s*c% c+cs bc*b s3s s<n *ccunbsc+ b*ss: nu nu0hs c+ nu d+ us +*ss 0ul3u0s*ch% cs b )c*" )c uch.+ <n <ndh b*h*ch dsn nu0clc s+uB9 4s /*ch s+ 2sc s *sgh cu 0ul3u0s*slc )c ch*c lc <n bh*cc% d<nd dc <n3clcs c+ 0hs bsnc *+0<nc ncs *sgh dcc< nc<ndh b*h : b cbnshc*+ /c4nscscs <n lhudc 4s ss03s*s 4s chu + s+ sc hchs c hgbnsssnd subs*c )cs c subs*c. B% u% ch*c c"hs cu0sncch % dc /*c0c cc l"hs u*0h )c uccnscul ccl subs <n )*s/sn3h hh <*u*slb*% nu"& )+*+ss <n /+ds*slc *ccunb4 sn3cs% 4s dhc+ )*chdu0nc.cscscul Shc*h0cn h 2bs )cn *u snc hh* bun% c+cs h4h sc nu0c4 c ch luc*h*c% cb*cs)und+"s <n snc bunclc 0ul3u0s*s? Cuhh*ss sc B& sc chch0+% )*c sn.<nd ch blh.bn *ccunb4 sn3h: scbh c dc hscs s+ dhs slh/+ sl+/ss% 2c*/bh*c 2h/b*ss% ss03s*s db/c.ss dc h2cc3sunc 4s sluDs*s uncs hsc0cnch 0slbs cnss.
MCDSTHSH 7A Dcsprc !spul rc#clus Hrth-cr-cB7

nu6 T
sss )
PUNCTUL & ugc + cu0 hccl 0h*c 0bnh*h% ch s+ 2hc+ )h*hd+ dc 0+*c3sc% h hlcs d*c) 0sDlbc cclcb*h*ch unus bhnchc sb0) ubs: h2cc3sunslc sc c<4 sg+ cu dhnss% 4s )*sc cnsslc <n bs)c3c. S"h sn/s h )c b3s 0h*ss nbbsls 4s scnsb*s dsn *cgh ul s+u% c+cs lh un bhnchc 0h*c *cbusc sn/s h3s ccs 0hs 0h*s% sh* dhc+ c *cgcsc% su/c*hns. #sn b3s cu g+ cls bbgh c 4s 0<nd*c% hh <*ul *s/hls.<hd cu s)lcndb*slc% cu +*cs *c)u h3ss cb*cs)un.<ndu"s cu h*c <0)bdbbs*c. Cu0)+nc4 c u lh cc bhnchc nchsc0us 0hs 0h*c c4 s )b2 s h.s% cu c< 0hs 0h*c c Mbnh*hul ch*c"& cclcb*ch.+ nu ch s+ 2hc+ )h*hd+ dc 0+*c3sh% cs dc subs*ch sh? hcclh c*h un *cgc )+0<n chn% hccs h )+0<n chn 4s cc*csc 4s% ch h h*c% <s )b2 c4 c )c ccs dsn Cc* s+ hsss c% sh* )c ccs dc )c )+0<n ch s+ 0+n<ncc: hcblb c*hu chc0h3s
B9 B&
nu"clc su6 cb*. Sch!hhnhn, lh . S!hnncs, <nsch0n+ >Du0nc.cu c 0slbs". Cuhhrsstsc6 g*. cuhhrsstsh >0ul3u0s*c% *ccunb4 sn3+". C )*s0h h)h*s3sc h c*0cnulus ch h h*c bc0hs <n hcchs + 0cds h3sc 0h c0h sc ccn *hl+ h c+*3ss. 67 C2. Cstcrh, &% &"'. <n cC % >Dcl cb0s c dcl *c! Hsuc*b"% undc Hsuc*b ;cb*. Hhh4/c*b4E cs c )*bbhbsl *cgclc @c*Ccs S ;(8A"(ABE% <n/snsul dc lh Shlh0snh ;(89E 4s dc lh Pl+ ch ;(5'E. <n Bs!lsh S21n ulus Ssnbd% lh ch*c nc *h)b* +0% h)h*c 2b*0h .H* hCc*Cc"% )c ch*c b )*clu+0 cu 0cn3sunch cu/cns +. 420 CUMSNCCTBRUL
ccs 0h*s% hscs s<n hlc4s ccs 0scs: hcblb bbgh3ss% hscs ccs s+*hcs cu duhul: hccsh <0b*+ch3s dc h*h0: hcc4 sh dc hh*. Cunbsc<nd% h4hdh*% bhnchc ul lh ch*c c4 s chc0h h.s% )hlh ul <n ch*c sn *s% 0hsh lh ch*c c h4c.s% 0hscs h ch Db0nulus ch*c c )b2 c4 c% /cs cunbh4 c b*nh0cn ul cu ch*c *cbusc s+ /ss% *cs)cc ul cu ch*c *cbusc s+ c h)*b)ss% )l+cc*ch cu ch*c *cbusc s+ 0+n<ncs. PUNCTUL 7 Tb sn *hu su/c*hnss 4s scnsb*ss% h4c.<ndu"sc lh 0hs+ <n b*dsnch *hngulus% nu h sbss*ss: nu du)+ /<*s +% cs du)+ 0c*s c: ccs 0hs nbbsls% ccs dsn <s% sh* ccs 0hs h)*b)sh3s ch s<ngc dc *cgc <s c*hu 4s ccs 0hs <n/ccsnh3s ch lbc. Kscc+*ush s sc sc*/ch 2clul dc 0<nch*c *</ns % 0+su*h 2ssndu"lc dbh* gu*h: b*sc< dc hlchs+ h* 2s 2bs 0<n"ch*ch% lc"b )unchu <n 2h3+% h4h <nc< hscs <4s g+schu lhblhl + *c)u h3sh 4s 2blbsul 4s% nu 0hs 0sc% )lhcul. Cu0)+nc4 c bh c cCccl+*slc hccs ch lh bhnchc ul shc*h0cn hl dc hcu0? hscs s<n b3s dc un s<ngc% dc /*c0c cc b3s 4s"& <0)+* +4csc: b3s s<n h < dc h)*b)sh3s dc Rcgc% <nc< <l hu <nl+un *ul lb*. 4s hu 2scch*c c< c un Rcgc <n *u) 4s chsh* un Du0nc.cu. M+n<nc+ b3s c< lc )b2 c4 c sns0h% 4s chsh* 0hs 0ul % c+cs 0hs 0ul dcc< h* )u ch s+ cch*+% dcc< h* )u ch *</ns: <n 2scch*c <0buc+ u*+ un Du0nc.cu
4s"n 2scch*c 2s*0s u*+ un Cc*. #snb% su2lc c% 4s h4h.+" c cu c0csnscsc% 0+n<nc+ <n shn+% gu*h s+"3s 2sc 0+su*h 4s sh h0sn c c+ dc cc b /cs dcschsdc 0hs lh*g+% Db0nul 3s"b /h u0)lc 0hs /<* bs: us +" c lh cc 0+n<ncs 4s 0<nch"/cs cu duhul. PUNCTUL 6 M<nchu buch clc cclc dcs2+ + bh*c du)+ gus ul lb*% dc /*c0c cc"& h/chu h < dc bun: c*hu cu b3ss su/c*hns% dc)*sn4s cu <0buc+ u*slc dc sbs 4s% ch h h*c% 4 shu s+ )*c3ushsc+ cc c bun: 0<nchu 0ul % bbs4nus3s s+ 0+n<ncc bsnc 4s% cu* cns 2ssnd% <l 0+gulchu )c s +)<nul bhnchc ulus cu dcs2+ h*ch 0cscs 4s <nc+ 0hs 0ul )cn *u un su/c*hn cu <nclsnh3ss dc 0+*sns0bs 4s 0<n+"s)h* +. Kclu*slc dc 0<nch*c c*hu )c c< dc *h2snh c% )c"h < dc bsnc g+ s c 4s hs 2cl% ns0cns nu"4s c*u3h )lhcul% nu )sc*dchu nscs un )*slcD% ns0sch nu sc )*+)+dch.
MCDSTHSH 7A (7&
Sh <ns+ h0sn c c+ *cgclc hcclh )u c*nsc% b*sc< dc 0ul h /*u s+ lc dch% n"h hDuns s+ ls sc dch )c ssnc: *+0<sc h4h cc/h )cn *u 0h*clc Du0nc.cu ch*c hs +.s% su2lc c% )cn *u cl <nsu4s c )b2 c4 c% )u c*ch 4s /*c*ch lu<ndu"s"sc lh <n *ccc*c. H* hCc*Cc nu"s subc4 c <n ""h < h% <nc< s+ lc b2c*c )c hlc* un b*h3 hl s+u% s+ lc dch dc b+u s<ngc dsn /sncsc lus% s+ lc <n snd+ dc 0<nch*c *+*unchss s+s. Dh* hccs 0h*c Rcgc hl Rcgslb* 4s Db0n hl db0nslb* <4s subc4 c h < dc 0ul bhs)c3ss% <nc< <4s s)sn cc+ )cn *u cs cbhs h% 0hs dcg*hb+ cu subs*ch dcc< cu 2sc*ul: lc d+ dc 0<nch*c *+*unchss s+s 4s lc b2c*+ s+ <nchsnc cu s<ngclc"s )*c3sbs. Su2lc c% hs h dh )b2 s*c 4s 0<nch*c% /snb cu 2bh0c dc ncs+ u*h lh b h*hn+ 2+*+ dc s2<*4s % us +" c lh cc 0+n<ncs% c+cs dc"hccch sc nu0c4 c )<snc h )*scc)c*ss 4s 0<nch*c h )*scc)u3slb*: chu + s+ hDungs .suh 4s gu*h s+"3s 2sc )*cg+ s + )cn *u <0buc+ u*slc *cgc4 s% s+ nu dcchd+ 0hs h)bs <n 0<nc+*u*slc g*bsblhnc hlc Cgs) ulus )+0<n csc. PUNCTUL ( Cs b% du*c*c% c+cs b dchunh su2c*sn3h sc <n/ccsnch.+ cu 2c*scs*ch. Tbh c bhnchc clc hu 2bs 2uncs c% 4s ccl 0hs 0ul ccl dsn g*+dsnh lus H* hCc*Cc. Rcgsnh h dss)+*u 2ssndc+ n"h h)+*u . Rcgclc h )b*uncs ch ch s+ <ncununc.c sc*bh*ch cu 2*u0usc3ch cs: ch% sng*h +% h dss)*c3us hh <*ul 4s h ss03s % ds.g*h3sh +% 0<nsh *cgclus: b dh + cu bs)+3ul% h )sc*du cb*bhnh 4s% )cn *u c+ n"h /*u s+ hsss c hl+ u*s dc *cgc% h 2bs bs<nds + lh hbscn3+ )c*)c u+ dc lh cch 0hs 0h*c s *+lucs*c% lh cncb*clc dc"h2h*+: h 2bs bs<nds + chsh* lh 0hs+% c+cs lh ch shdc Dudcc+ b*ul% 4s csnc 0+n<nc+ )*bs <4s 0+n<nc+ 4s"4s bch Dudcch h. <n/h3+" c 0sn c% b% su2lc c hl 0cu% )c s)snh*ch hl ush% d+ 2ugh lh bhnchc ul dc lh Hl h* cu )*cg+ s*c 4s )*c3us*c dcb)b *s/+: sh sch0h c+ )cn *u snc sc 2hcc sc*bh*ch% nu ls)ss dsn g*bsbl+nsc% h4h cu0 hl3ss dsn bb*+.nscsc. Cunbh4 c"3s *hngul 4s *c)u h3sh% c+cs nu u dbh* /cs 4cdch l<ng+ Rcgc% cs Cl /h 4cdch <n )sc) ul +u. #snb cu 0ul3u0s*s 4s )lchc+ cu 0ul3u0s*s% <n+l3<ndu"lc ncs2<*4s c% c+ 0s"c ch0+ s+ nu ch.s <n ds.g*h3ss ch sng*h3ss.
422 CUMSNCCTBRUL
MCDSTHSH 75 Ch s h7un#s h3% prs"s pc D!"nul hd!r*ndu3% cu ccs trcs rc#s 4s *nchsn*ndu3s dhrurslc l!r+s
PUNCTUL & LJ *0ch.+"3s hs +.s cbn c0)lh*ch 4s <nsb3c4 c"s cu c*cdsn3h )c ccs *cs *cgs dc )c )+0<n )b*ns3s <n c+u h*ch Rcgclus Cc*csc: s<n <n3clc)3s% 0h*c cbnds3sc s)*c h g+ss <n3clc)csunch 2+*+ dc s2<*4s . Hu )lcch dsn R+s+*s % dc lh b*sgsnch lu0ss% dc lh <ncc)u ul /sc3ss: chu + Sbh*clc% c+l+u.s3s dc"b s ch. HDung lh 0h*ch cc h c h Sc*ushls0ulus% undc b ul c u*bh*c% 4s"& g+scsc )c Db0nul <n shnh Bc lcc0ulus: cbbbh*+ dsn 0+*c3sh lb* 4s sc hdh) ch.+ lh ss0)ls h c: ccs dsn <s )h4s <s 2hc ch s+"4s ls)chsc+ bu.clc dc )+0<n ul hcclh% dc bucu*sc c+ sbsssc*+ <n cc*ul )hsulus lb*: sn *+ undc b ul c dcschss% dcscb)c*+ un P*unc nbu n+scu 4s un 0h*c Du0nc.cu dc ncdcslu4s nscs hscs% dsn )*scsnh 0scs0ss% nscs hcblb% dsn )*scsnh s0cnss +3ss. <l g+scsc <n b*h3clc hu*b*cs% )*sn *c lhc*s0s 4s 0+*g+*s h*c% <s Du*+ c*cdsn3+ ch $0)+*h ulus 4s s sc"nchsn+ ch Du0nc.culus lb*% b2c*sndu"s )*sn *c dh*u*s 4s sns0slc lb*. B% u% ch*c hs +.s *cbusc s+ c cu0snccs% cu0)+nc4 c c+ )lccs <n c+u h*ch hcclush4s RcgcQ B% dc"hs 2s c+l+u.s dc s chuh nb*bculus +u% dc lu0snh hh*ulus s+u ds/snQ <l /cs g+ss% dhc+ /cs 2s <n3clc) nu dsn /chcul hccs h% cs dc.h0+gs B(: /snb dsn R+s+*s ul /sc3ss hlc 4s )+4c4 c .b*s )c c+*+*slc dcs+/<*4s*ss. PUNCTUL 7 S chuh"s c+l+u.c4 c )c ccs *cs *cgs <n hccch4s 0+su*+"n ch*c"s dc.h0+gc4 c: s"h dus nu <n *"un )hlh *u2h4% cs <n *"b snd+ u0sl+: sn *+ nu dbh* <*<ndu"sc )c )+0<n % cs lsng<ndu"& ch )c *bnul )scsbh*clb* lus: nu hd0s*+
h)ssc*ss dc 0+ hsc 4s hu*% cs )<n.c dc

B6 B(
C2. Mhtcs, 7% &"7. dc0h"#st6 H)h*c unh dsn 0h*slc c0c bh*bcc% 2undh0cn hl+ 4s lh G*hcs1n? cl dcscn#hn!, >dc.h0+gs*ch"% <n3clchs+ ch /s* u ch hc s/+ h scu u*+*ss dc slu.ss% ncccsh*+% du)+ cu0 *cscsc dsn hcchs + 0cds h3sc% 4s <n cu*sul )clc*snhDulus 0c h2s.sc hl b0ulus c+ *c Du0nc.cu% 4s )bh c 0hs hlcs hscs. MCDSTHSH 75 423
)+shnDcns /ulgh*s: <n lbcul ds/hnclb* dc b*bch* g+scsc un s hul cu cb/b* dc )hsc: <n 0sDlbcul hns0hlclb*% <n3clc)csunch Sn2sns + 4s% )*cschs0bh <n scslc )cn *u /s c% *bnul subls0 hl sc*h2s0slb*. S"hu h./<*ls nu0hsdcc< lh )scsbh*clc"s du0nc.csc4 s% 2+c<nd Dsl3 dsn 0+*s*slc lb* <ncb*bnh c% <n+l3+*slc s)s*s ulus s+u <n *cc<ndu"sc cu s0c*cnsslc subs*ss lb*: )l<ngchu 4s *<dchu <n hcclh4s s0)% u*0+*s hlc unus P*unc Sbh*c% 4s"n cch 0hs lucsc s+*+csc h lu0ss *ccunbsc bh + bbg+3sh cc*ulus. Su2lc c% hs +.s s chuh sb*3ss hlc c c+l+u.c4 c% dhc+ nu c+ *c b snd+% c+ *c un Hl h*% undc cclc *cs 2hcul +3s 3s lc h4 ch) + <nsu4s P*uncul Du0nc.cu% ccl cc lc"h hcb*dh hudscn3+ *cgslb*? nu c cbs + h <3sh )h4s c<3s lc"hu *cbus lb* s)*c h"& g+ss% dcbh*ccc 3s"c 2bh* c h)*bh)c? nu"3s )c*0s c dbh* s+"& hdb*s% cs 4s s+"& 0+n<ncs. Dhc+ *cgss sbcb csc d*c) un 0h*c hh <* s+ lsng+ 3h*snh dsn snd+% tcrrh" lsn#chs, 3sc 3s sc <ng+dusc s+"s lsngs <nb0cns*ch 4s s+ c h*+nc4 s dsn du0nc.cs*ch lus? cs hDung s+"s s+*u c )scsb*ul% u s+"& )us <n gu*h h: cs s+"& sh <n b*h3c% u <n *+*unchss +s: )*c3usc4 c"3s 2c*scs*ch 4s bucu*+" c dc ch cu 2blbs. PUNCTUL 6 Rcgss 4s"hu dc4c* h dh*u*slc )cn *u P*uncul Du0nc.cu% du)+ cc 0hs <nhsn c 4s"hu <n2+3s4h lus su2lc clc: <s b2c*+% )*sn *c s *+lucs*slc hu*ulus% h0+*+csunslc s0s*ncs% )*b*bcsnd% ch hs *blbgs dc <nc*cdc*c% chsnu*slc )+ s0s*ss shlc. Du)+ cc"& hdb*hsc*+ <n chs) dc Du0nc.cu% Dsnduscsc s+"& 0<ng<sc <n chs) dc Cb)sl: lc"h <ng+dus "b Mhsch Kccsbh*+% ch 0hs"nhsn c csbbhnslb* *us scs: unul <l cc*ch% hl ul <l luh% 4s nscs unul nu"& l+sh: <l <n/clchu <n )u*)u*clc lb* dc d*hgul cclus cc h/ch s+"0b*hcc hl h cu <nDbss*c: nu sc 0hs sh u*hu s+"s <0buDb*c.c cu s+*u +*s bb*hDss )c ch*c 0hs h)bs /*+D0h4ss lus h/chu s+"s <ns<ngc*c.c cu )hl0c% 4s cs% du)+ cc /cnssc*+ cu h < h g*hb+% <4s sh/u*hu 2c*scs*ch c< 0hs )c <ndclc c% nu 0hs g+schu chlch <n bh*s+ 4s"h 2bs nc/bsc s+ ls sc"h*h c b*hcblul ds/sn <n sb0nul lb* *ch.. Su2lc c% )*bs c*nch.+" c lh )scsbh*clc Du0nc.culus Cb)sl. Du)+ cc c"hs cu0sncch % <n2+3s4ch.+"s cclc *cs 2hcul +3s hlc hlc: +0<sh <n cbn c0)+*s% hu*ul <n ss03s*s 4s s0s*nh <n hducc*slc"h0sn c hlc du*c*slb* shlc: b2c*+"s b c*cdsn3+ /sc% b n+dcDdc <nsu2lc3s + 4s b d*hgbs c <n2l+c+*h +: dc4h* +"n 2h3h lus +0<sh hscul +*ss% hu*ul s+*+cscs 4s s0s*nh chs s +3ss: hdu"s *ug+csunch )cn *u Du0nc.cu% )b0hnh )cn *u h)*bh)clc 4s chnbns*ch )cn *u snc.
424 CUMSNCCTBRUL
PUNCTUL ( Mhgss sc h*h + 0+*sns0b4s <n 2h) c% dh* nu 0hs )u3sn <n 0ul3u0s*s 4s lhudc c+ *c Db0nul. S"hu )u* h <n b ul ch ns4 c *cgs% <n hlc c+*b* sns0s nu hu cc c+u h 0scs0slc: )c c< /b* 2s h0u3s c<nd s+"& sn2b*0c.c )c S*bd% )c"h < dc buns /b*bs b*s sc /b* 2s h*+ h ch s+"& bsnccu/<n c.c )c Db0nul: /b* 2s )*ch0+*s <n 3+*slc lb* 0snunslc Rcgclus g+ss 4s nu"nch)c <ndbshl+ c+ bu.clc cc <s )ccc lussc*+ +l)slc gsngh4c nu sc /b* 2s <nchss c<nd /h 2s 2bs /b*bh dc sl+/s*s *ccunbsc+ bh*c. B% u% ch*c c"hs cu0sncch Q )bh* +" c ch un *cgc% nu ch un 0bDsc nccsb)ls % h*h +" c <n3clc) <n 0ul3u0s*c% dclbc )*bs <n us h*c: <nh)bsh.+ 2c*scs*slc sub 2b*0+ dc lhudc: *ch0sn c4 c 4s .+bb/c4 c hsu)*h h*hncs Cc*ulus <n sb0nul cbn c0)lh3scs: <n bh*cc" c )c hl d*u0 lh b /sh3+ nbu+% <nc+*ch dc /s* u3s% <n schs0bul dh*u*slb* hlc: <n bh*cc" c <n R+s+*s ul c/lh/scs% nu <n H)usul nc)sb4cnscs.
MCDSTHSH 78 C!"phssnd "rcsh D!"nulus cu 7!snscsh th

PUNCTUL & K% Du0nc.culc 0h*c 4s Dbh0nc hl 0cuQ Duhul 0cu sc s2<*4c4 c c<nd /+d c+ Tu% un Du0nc.cu sn2sns % <ncununh dc dcs+/<*4s*s sn2sns c% bsnc/bsc4 s s+ sn *s"n )sc) ul uncs 2u*nscu3c h < dc Dbsnscc ch 0snc: Tu% s0cns% c+ nu <nch)s nscs <n cc*u*s% nscs )c )+0<n % c 0scc4 s <n ssnul unus /sc*0c /*cdnsc dc dss)*c3: Tu% h b )u c*nsc% )u <nd s+ c*cc.s hl c lu0s sn2sns c% )lsnc dc hl c c*ch u*s h b dcs+/<*4s c% /*cs s+ c sn *bducs <n )u3sn+ h ch uncs c*ch u*s Dbsnscc ch 0snc% cc nu )bh c ns0sc 4s nu /hlb*ch.+ ns0sc: Tu% <n3clc)csunc sn2sns +% ch*c 4 ss 4s <n3clcgs b ul% *ccu ul% )*c.cn ul 4s /ss b*ul% 4s b cc c cu )u sn3+% c su)us hs 2cl unush ch*c cs c sgnb*hn3h <ns+4s: Tu% c c*n% ncls)ss % ch*c hs 2bs <nhsn ch /chcu*slb*% 4s c4 s% 4s /cs 2s )u*u*ch% /ss lh 0snc% ch*c dss)h* <n *"b cls)s +: Tu% Dbh0nc ncs2<*4s dc s2<n 4s dc bun% /*cs s+ lbcusc4 s <n )sc) ul unus )+c+ bs h < dc
MCDSTHSH 78 (7B
nc/*cdnsc: Tu% su)*c0h 0+*c3sc: cu% Dbsnscsh <ns+4s: Tu% b ul: cu% ns0sch. Dhc+ 4s cblbhnclc cc*ulus *c0u*+ <n 2h3h )*c.cn3cs hlc ds/snc% cu0 s+ nu sc .gudusc )c*c3ss sns0ss 0clcO HDu +% Dbh0nc%
Dbsnscscs 0clc% <n +*c4 c )u3sn+ h ch 0ch% ch s+ nu sc s2<*4chsc+ h uncs c<nd c )*s0c4 c. PUNCTUL 7 Db0nul 0cu 4s Du0nc.cul 0cuQ Dhc+ Sbhn Bb c.+ b*ul nu sc sbcb ch /*cdnsc s+"3s dc.lcgc cu*chuh dc lh shndh% cu0 s+ hDung cu% nu dbh* lh lcg+ u*+% cs s+ c h sng )c b % s+ c 0+n<nc 4s s+ c )un <nl+un *ul )sc) ulus 0cuO Cc"h* .scc bh*c Sbhn Bb c.+ b*ul dhc+ h* *cbus s+ sc cu0snccc% dhc+ h* *cbus s+ c )*s0chsc+% Dbh0nc% 4s s+ c )un+ <nl+un *ul )sc) ulus s+uO Dhc+ Sbhn Bb c.+ b*ul% <nchsnh Db0nulus <nc+ dsn )<h ccclc 0hscss lus% blhgbslb/s <n *u hh*% c*cscu <n hs)*s0ch uncs )us ss% lucch2+* hl sbh*clus% <nhsn c0c*g+ b* hl +u% nu sc sbcb c4 c /*cdnsc s+"3s h sng+ cu*chuh shndhlcs% h uncs cu% n+scu 4s c*cscu dbh* <n )+ch : cu% )lsn dc /sns 4s sc+lb4ss: cu% un )+c+ bs h < dc 0h*c% cu0 bh*c s+ s.bu csc h c )*s0s% cu0 s+ c )un <n gu*h 0ch 4s s+ c"h4c. <n 0+*un hsclc 0clcO Dhc+ Sbhn% du)+ h < h )cns cn3+% 2+*+ /sns% 4s sc s2sc4 c% cc /bs 2hcc bh*c cu cu h < ch /sns% 2+*+ )cns cn3+O Hud <ns+ c+"0s s)unc chsh* Bb c.+ b*ul? >Sh +"& )c Msclu4clul Db0nulus% h)*b)sc" c dc cl% c+cs dhc+ 0+*c3sh lus c nc0+*gsns +% lh 2cl <s cs c 4s 0slbs cnsh: dhc+ c un Du0nc.cu s0cns% cs c 4s un Msclu4cl bl<nd: dhc+ u c4 s )lsn dc )+ch c% Cl c ccl ch*c 3s lc <nl+ u*+." Cu*+3+"0+% h4hdh*% Dbh0nc% <nc+ 4s <nc+: c*c4 c"n 0snc b sns0+ cu*h +: *c<nnbsc4 c"0s un cugc d*c) <n *+*unchs% ch s+ c )b g+.dus <n cs. PUNCTUL 6 >Csnc c4 s Tu% Dbh0nc% 4s cu csnc"sO"% .scch S2<n ul K*hncssc ccl u0sl. Hsdb0h *c)c h"/bs cu dc 0ul c b*s. Dhc+ s2<n ul )h *sh*h H/*hh0 sc s2sh c<nd h *cbus s+"3s /b*bchsc+ 4s s)unch c+ c )ulbc*c 4s ccnu4+% cu0 s+ 0+ h)*b)ss cu ch nu dbh* s+ 4cd <nhsn ch Th% cs s+ 0s c )un <n )sc) O Dhc+ sc*h2s0ss dc lh *bnul +u% <n/+)+sh3s dc subs*c% <4s hcb)c*+ 2h3h cu h*s)slc% *u4snh3s )h*c+ dc c+u + u*h h su/c*hn+% cu0 bh*c s+ cu c. cu% h < dc *ccc 4s dc c0+ b* *n sluDbh h% s"hDung h"0s )unc gu*h <n cbhs h h% h"0s ls)s
(7A
CUMSNCCTBRUL
bu.clc dc *+nslc hlc% h c )*s0s <nl+un *ul )sc) ulus 0cuO Cu0 c bh*c cu )u sn3+% /bs s *sgh cu cu Sblb0bn% s+" 0s <nchs)us c+ Du0nc.cu <nsu4s% <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h % /h s+ lbcushsc+ <nl+un *ul 0cuO C+cs dhc+ cc*u*slc cc*u*slb* nu c )b % Dbh0nc% cu)*sndc% cu h < 0hs )u3sn l+ch4ul hccs h s+*0hn undc bsnc/bsc4 s hs +.s s+ *hgs. Sh h0sn c <ns+% Dbh0nc% lh *ug+csunslc 4s nu lh )*shhnclc 0clc: u0slsn3h s+"0s *+scu0)c*c Dbsnscsh 4s <ns+4s cunb4 sn3h cs s+"s 2sc 4s dc./snb/+3s*c. PUNCTUL ( B. Db0nul 0cu 4s Du0nc.cul 0cuQ s bh*c undc c*h0 cu c<nd s clclc ds0snc3ss c sl+/chuO Dhc+ lucch2+*ul +u Sbhn c"h /cnc*h dc 2h3+ cu snc 4s c"h )*bsl+/s <n ls)s+ )cn *u h < ch hh <*u*s )*s0s c% bh*c cc /bs s)unc cu )cn *u 0slbs s/s*s h < dc nccu*0h cO S+ c<n h4 /*ch h.s b c<n h*c nbu+% c+cs hs 2+cu cu 0snc b 0snunc h 0snunslb*: 4s dhc+ Tu hs 2+cu <nsc0nh*c dcs)*c clc <n Shc*h0cn ul hccs h P*chdu0nc.cscsc% cu /bs 2hcc <nsc0nh*c dc lhudc /c4nscc. B% dhc+ un sc*h2s0 dc"hl +u h* /cns <n .bb* ch s+"0s cu*c3c bu.clc% <n <s ch s+ c )*s0csc 4s"h)bs ch s+ c sl+/csc% c<n h"/bs /c4nsc ncs2<*4s clc"3s 0slbs s/s*sQ s chsh* dhc+ *ccunbsc c+ s<n sc+lbs 4s Dbsnsc% n"h4 /*ch s+ 2su g*bsblhn% cs% )c c< c"h0 s *<0 b*h % Dbh0nc% )*s0sndu" c% )c"h < h h4 /*ch s+ c 0+*csc sl+/sndu" c: *bs s"/bs 0ul3u0s*s 2+*+"ncc h*c hcclush cc 0+ <ncununch.+ cu 0slbs cnss.
MCDSTHSH 7' Dcsprc Csnh cch Mhrc, hplscht Sksntcs C!"unsuns++

PUNCTUL & lc /cs g<nds cu0 hccs us 0h*c Db0n 0+*c3sh <s *clsc2ch.+ bun+ h ch% cu0 <n Cl sc shu lh <n *ccc*c bsnclc sn2sns cu 0ul ul dss *sbu s/ 4s h s udsnch dc )+*sn c cu cch dc *cgc )u c*nsc: nu"4s *c.c*/+ h/u3sslc ncs2s*4s c ch s+ sc bucu*c dc clc dc unul ssngu*% cs
BB
C2.Luch%77%5"&8.
MCDSTHSH 7'
427
lc b2c*+ u u*b*h% hDung<nd s+ c <0bsc cu cb0b*slc 4s s+ c *bhgc cu 2c*scs*slc. <4s *s0s c slugslc% )c c< dc s<*gusncsbhsc% )c"h < dc h*s)h c% s+"s chu c )c bhs)c3ss lcnc/b4s: hcc4 sh <ns+% b+d+*hns% c+cs )+0<n cns% dss)*c3uscsc *c)u h3sh 4s *h ch.+ 2blbsul: sc scu.+ c+ s<n )*b4 s% nu dbh* ncnb*bcb4s% 4s% dc)*sn4s cu 0<nc+*u*slc Dbsnscc dsn Cgs) ul lb*% *c2u.+ dclsch csclc Cc*ulus: )c unss <s b)*csc 2sh*clc dc hu* hlc l+cb0scs dc bhns: )c hl3ss Dh* sc*h scn.uhls +3ss: )c 0ul3s h0bs3sb4s <s dcscu*hDch.+ *c)u h3sh% 4s hnu0c )b2 clc lu0c4 s% h4h <nc< b ul c )*cg+ s % dh* bhs)c3ss ls)scsc. S+ nu"3s /sn+ h c*cdcQ Dh* cs c bs)+3ul Cc*ulus% 4s cs s<n 2bh* c lcgh3s dc lu0c% 4s )c c< dc cu* cns b* sc /+dc4 c Db0nul% )c"h < dc b+d+*hns sc"h*h + cs. H0sn c4 c"3s% su2lc c% dc c< c b*s hs cb0ss g*bsbl+nss 4s 0hs 0h*s% dc /*c0c cc% sn/s h lh 0hsh lus dc c+ *c Rcgclc Cc*ulus% dh* b+d+*hn 2ssnd% hs *cs)sns 2c*scs*ch 4s% <n lbc dc h c )*cg+ s ch s+ c cu0snccs% c"hs l+sh )*hd+ uncs nc)sb4cnss 2+*+ *bs % uncs dss *hc3ss dc4h* c. Scbh c dc"hscs b <nd*c) h*c bsnc *ccunbscu + 4s b db*sn3+ *chl+ dc"h 0c*gc c< 0hs dcs lh bhnchc ul hccs h sb0) ubs. PUNCTUL 7
#+.<nd Db0nul c+ bhs)c3ss% bh0cns dc 0ul )*ch *+u gus % nu sc <ndch0n+ s+ /sn+ 4s c+% )b2 s3s snsss cn s)*c bsnclc lb*% 4s"& dss)*c3uscsc% nu"4s )sc*dc *+bdh*ch cu ccslhl3s 4s nscs nu chu + s+"4s *c *hg+ bsnc2hcc*slc% cs 0hs cu*<nd% cu 4s 0hs /sc db*sn3+ dc"h lc <0)+* +4s% d+ nbs b*dsnc 4s )b*uncc4 c sluDs b*slb* s+ shs+ )c s *+.s 4s" n )sc3c 4s s+"s cbn/bhcc )c b3s s+*hcss% dc /*c0c cc bbgh3ss <n b*c s)h clc: s+ /sn+ 2l+0<n.ss% c+cs )cn *u cs cs c csnh cch 0h*c: 2sc cch 0hs 0h*c )cdch)s+ h cclb* lcgh3s dc lu0c s+ n"b gus c 4s chsh* s+ n"b /hd+. Dhu 2ugh hcc4 sh% )c c< dc )*b0)3s% )c"h < dc nc/bsh4s: /sn 4chsb)ss s<*gusncsb4s% b*bss <n *hsul lh 3sn +% sn *+ cu s0c*cnsc 4s s<n )*s0s3s cu 2hs % sc u0)lu 0csclc dc s+*hcs cu duhul% dss)*c3us3s )c lu0c% )*c3us3s <n Cc*% c+cs lb* lc cs c dh h <0)+*h3s cu Du0nc.cu. Cugc + u% ccl 0hs s+*hc dsn *c b3s% 4chsb)+ <nd 0c*cu <n *u /s* u c% csung <n *u 2hcc*ch dc bsnc% 4s cb0)b* +" c ch 4s cu0 c"hs <n <lns cu <ngc*ss: sn *+ nc)b2 s <n Cc*% nu h4 c) h s+ 2ss c+u h % du" c s0c*s 4s 2s"/cs bsnc )*s0s : sh sch0h c+ 2bh0ch c un 0h*c h/hn hD )cn *u h < h 0<nch*c.
42$ CUMSNCCTBRUL
PUNCTUL 6 Cu cc )b2 + sc /b* 2s h4c.h cc*4c b*ss lh 0hsh cch <0bcl4ugh +Q S+*hcss 0+n<nc+ buch clc su/c*hnslb*. Cu0 <4s /b* 0hs 2s lsns dcgc clc du)+ clc% 2+*+ sh3ul <0busbh3slb*% 2+*+ *sscul dc h ls sc h)lcchQ Nu )sc*d nscs lbcul% nscs s0)ul% nu sc lhs+ 2u*h3s dc hl c bcu)h3ss% 2ssndc+ 4 su c+ c csn+ 4s nu sc )b ducc hl undc/h: nu *c2u.+ ns0sc% <n *uc< nu lc"b <ng+dusc nscs h)c s ul% nscs h)c sshn clc buch c: lc chdc 2bh* c bsnc b cc lc )lhcc h < dc 0ul 4s *+0<n 2bh* c 0ul3u0s3s ccs cc )<n+ h.s nu hu 0<nch ns0sch subs hn3shl. S0hgsnch.+" c )c snc% ccl 0hs s+*0hn dsn *c b3s% /snb 2l+"0<nd lh hcchs + Mhs+ Shc*h0cn hl+% 4s b s+ 0+n<ncs cu )l+cc*c% c+cs% b*sc< h* 2s 2bs dc 0h*c csnh hccch% n"h 2bs hl cc/h dcc< b u0b*+ h csncs hlc: lsngc"3s dcgc clc ch un cc*4c b* 4s dcs2+" ch.+" c <n shn+ cu 0<nch*ch hs h dclscsbhs+: 0+n<nc"b cu c*cdsn3+% *u0cg"b 0cds <nd% sh h0sn c lh cc 0+n<ncs 4s /cs cbns h h c+"n /sh3h h n"hs )us <n gu*+ )<n+ h.s cc/h lh 2cl dc gus bs 4s dc subs hn3shl. PUNCTUL ( C< dc 0ul3u0s3s% c< dc <ndcs ulh3s /b* 2s *+0hs b3s hcc4 sh% nc0hs2ssnd s+*hcs% cs bhs)c3s bbgh3s% c+cs c <0bbg+3c4 c csnc"3s u0)lc 2h*2u*shQ Hcu0 *ccunb4 sn3h /h 2s cghlh <n2b0c h*chQ Cc dc 0ul3u0s*s /b* 2s <n+l3h c+ *c Db0nul bhnchc ulus ccs cc )<n+ h uncs nu sc 0hs )b0cnssc*+ s+ us c<nd/hQ Cc dc 2clscs +*s <4s /b* 0hs 2s hd*csh <n *c cs )cn *u hsc0cnch nb*bc% /+.<nd ncnb*bcul hl b*hQ s cu0 <4s /b* 0hs 2s 0+* u*sss *ccunb4 sn3h )cn *u cl 4s"& /b* 2s )*bsl+/s Q Su2lc c% *ccunbh4 c"3s 2c*scs*ch% <nhl3+"3s glhsul <0)*cun+ cu *ccunbsc+ bh*ch Rcgsn+ h Cc*u*slb*% )*ch0+*sndu"& )c Db0nul 4s .sc<nd? Pc 2l+0<n.s s"h cb/<*4s dc h/u3ss 4s )c bbgh3ss ccs )bshcs s"h l+sh gbs. H*h +" c )c"h < dc *ccunbsc+ b* )c c< dc bnb*h hs 2bs : cc*c"lc <ngc*slb* s+"3s <0)*u0u c ls0bslc lb*% nu )cn *u <nc<n h*c% cs )cn *u c<n h*c dc 0ul3u0s*c. Scbh c dc"hscs 0c*sul lh cu0sncch*c% )*ccu0 un s+*0hn 2l+0<nd% lh Csnh cch Mh*c.
MCDSTHSH 69
(7'
MCDSTHSH 69 Ch s3% prs"c4ts pc D!"nul ch. pc ! c!"!hr hscuns *n Shcrh"cnt+&

PUNCTUL & /Dusdc4 c" c lh <0)*cDu*h*ch c<nd un bbg+ h4 h2l+ dc cCss cn3h /*cuncs 0h*s cb0b*s hscunsc% c< dc lcsnc <s d+ c*c.h*c% cu cc s<*gusn3+ sc .bh c s+ b dbb<ndchsc+Q Nu 0hs h*c sb0n csnc nu /ssch.+ dcc< s+ sc <0bbg+3chsc+% nu 0+n<nc+ 4s nu bch% hsd*b)sc dbh* dc hu*: )*s0h s<*gusn3+ <s cs c s+ cu0)c*c 3h*snh undc 4 sc c+ sc h2l+ ch% ch s+"s 2sc 0hs <n ssgu*hn3+: sc h)uc+ cl <nsu4s s+ sh)c du)+ ch% 2ssndc+ n"h*c <nc*cdc*c <n ns0cns: s)c*hn3h dc"h b g+ss <s dc.0sn c bbbschlh% 4s csnc )lcsnc4 c dc l+cb0sc nu ss0 c c+ )lcsnc4 c dc bbbschl+: c*c4 c <n/c*4unh*ch )c 0+su*+ cc sc h)*b)sc dc ch 4s sns0h lhcb0+ <nsu2lc3c4 c b*h3clc bs cns c. Su2lc c% hs +.s c*cdsn3h c"h <n4 ssn3h dcs)*c hcch cb0bh*+ )c c< dc 0h*c% )c"h < dc ncs2<*4s +% hscuns+"n *"un bgb* dc )<snc% h < dc )*c3sbhs+% <nc< <nchsdc"n ssnc bh + bbg+3sh cc*ulus: s+*hc c4 s% 4s c /cs <0bbg+3s: dhc+ b /cs g+ss% bucu*+" c dc hcchs + 0slbs cnsc 4s /cs sc+)h chsh* h.s dc 0s.c*sc: hscs% <n Bs sh hcchs h% hs bh c cb0b*slc /c4nscc. Cu0 dc nu lc chu3s% s<*gus b*O Cu0 dc nu c bucu*s dc clc% 2c*scs O Cb0bh*h 3s"c <n *u b ul lh <ndc0<n+: bucu*+" c dc ch cu 0<snslc )lsnc% /snb lh S2<n h Cb0unsunc cu *</nh unus .g<*cs lh b cb0bh*+.
-
PUNCTUL 7 Ph/cl h nu0s b+lsgh* bbg+3sslc lu0ss hccs csh% 4s cu d*c) cu/<n % dc /*c0c cc dsn clc sc"hlcgc dbh*
gunbs% s<n su)usc )u *c.s*ss 4s"s lhs+ cu bu.clc u02lh c )c hd0s*h b*ss lb* ccs )*b4 s: s<n s)u*ch c 4s <n snch.+ sns0h cu /scss: h* 2s ncbunsc% 4s <nc+ 0h*c% s+"3s u0)ls s<nul dc gunbhsc <n lbc dc gsu/hsc*u*s scu0)c: s+ c u0)ls dc s hu*% <n lbc dc hu*. Hs h 2hc 2sss /chculus hccs ush% bhs h*.s hs cclus /c4nsc? dss)*c3uscsc cb0bh*h Hl h*ulus 4s )*c3uscsc g*bh)h dc nccu*h3ss h lu0ss.
6A
C2. Mh cs% &6%(( 4s u*0.
430 CUMSNCCTBRUL
Nu 2s 4s h < dc ls)ss dc Dudcch +% chsh* dhc+ )*bs ul gus <3s c h < dc 0h*c% <nc< s+ )sc*.s b cb0bh*+ <n 2scch*c cb0unsunc )cn *u un sn c*cs Dbsnsc% b dcs2+ h*c nccu*h +% b *<nd+/sc )*bs chsc+: /snb lhcb0 4s c /cs <n bh*cc 2c*scs . PUNCTUL 6 Cc 0ul3u0s sc ss0 c ccl ch*c h g+ss cb0bh*h hscuns+% 4s <nc+ 0hs 0ul dhc+ h 2bs 0<nh 0hs <n <s dc l+cb0sc 4s dc s+*+cscQ Cu cc *</n+ b dcscb)c*+ 4s cu cc )l+cc*c b sh/u*ch.+Q B h*c sub bchs 4s nu c*cdc 4s% ncc*c.<ndu"4s bchslb*% /*ch s+ sc cbn/sng+ cu 0<snslc: 4s cc c dc 0s*h*c% dhc+ bh c ss03u*slc 4s 2hcul +3slc <s s<n cbnccn *h c hsu)*h hccs us scb). 2+*+ h sc *sss)s <n hl c luc*u*s% )cn *u ch ns0sch s+ nu sc )sh*d+O Cc nu 2hcc ch s+"4s u0)lc s<nul. l+*gsndu"4s"& chsh*% ch s+"nch)+ c< 0hs 0ul O <nc+*c+ u*h <s c hlsnh*c% sh* )b/h*+ c dbh* c+ nu h <*n+ 4s 0hs g*cu: sc 4s <n bh*cc dc hchs+ lh bgb*% 2+*+ b cls)+ .+bh/+% c< 0hs h*c dc c+*h : <4s gblc4 c s<nul 4s u0)lc l+.slc 4s sc <n bh*cc cu s<*gusn3+ s+ 0hs duc+: sc ducc 4s sc"n bh*cc% sc us + sh* 4s sh*% chu + 4s undc h 0hs c+u h % c+cs nu0hs h4h s *<ngs cb0b*s% 4s <nc+ )cn *u bh + /sh3h. Su2lc c% u% ch*c hs g+ss cch 0hs bbgh + cb0bh*+% )c c< dc hscuns+% )c"h < dc <0)+* +4s +% <n bgb*ul Hl h*ulus% cu c< + subs*c *cbush s+ /ss ch s"b scs <n s +)<ns*c% cu c< + h cn3sc s"b dc.g*b)s% cu c< ncsh3 s"b culcgs% cu c< + )l+cc*c s"b sh/u*c.sQ Dh*% /hs% nu cunb4 s h/c*ch )c ch*c"b hs% nu 4 ss c< /hlb*ch.+ 4s cc <nsch0n+ ch )cn *u snc. Rc2+ d*u0u*slc <n dcsc 4s cucc*nscc cb0unsuns 4s c /cs <0bbg+3s: lch)+d+ bdh + nc)sb4cnsh% /*+D0h4+ h bbg+3scs: sh sch0h c+ s *<ngs cb0b*s )cn *u snc% ch s+"3s )c *ccs /sh3h% 4s <nc+ 4s )c cch /c4nsc+% <n 2c*scs*c 4s bdshn+. PUNCTUL ( Cu cc 0ul3u0s*c <4s *ccunbh4 c 2c*scs*ch g+ss b*ul cb0b*ssQ Kscch*c .s <s <0)*bs)+ ch.+ h0sn s*ch nb*bculus s+u% bucu*sh dsn <s *+0<"n<ndu"s ncs)us dc )*c.cn +: )*c3usc4 c bh + /sh3h cls)h hccch <n ch*c h sc4s dsn 0s.c*sc 4s <nchsn+ /c4nscscs .suh cch 2c*scs +% 0h*c<nd"b cu b )sh *+ hlb+ 4s chsh* scu0)+. Cc *ccunbsc+ b* <s *+0<nc cclus cc s"h dh /cs chQ s cu bh c c+ nu hd0s c )+* h4 lh bbg+3ss% <s hducc 0ul3u0s*s% <4s )b/cs c4 c b dh + 4s dc 0ul c b*s 4hnsh cbn2sdcn3slb* s+s% Dubsl<nd <0)*cun+ cu cs )cn *u hsc0cnch nb*bc.
MCDSTHSH 6& (6&
B% su2lc c% cu0 3s"hs 0hs )*c3us 2c*scs*ch dhc+ 3s"hs cunbh4 c"bQ Dhc+ hs s.bu s s+ <n3clcgs sn2sns h /hlbh*c h hccs cs 0hnc hscunsc% c+cs 0hn+ c )cn *u gus 4s )sh *+ s0hculh +B5 <n nb*bcul +u% cc 0ul3u0s*s s"hs hducc Db0nulusQ Rc<n/sh.+"s h0sn s*ch <n bh + cls)h 4s 2*cc/cn ch."b <n 2scch*c .s: sh h0sn c c+ cs c b cb0bh*+ ncs2<*4s +% cc nu sc /h c)us.h nscsc<nd% cs% ds0)b *s/+% .slnsc b /cs g+ss <n *chg+% 0c*cu hccch4s. H*h +" c *ccunbsc+ b* Db0nulus% ch*c h )+s *h "b )cn *u snc: sh sch0h s+ nu b )sc*.s dsn sng*h s udsnc 4s nscs s+ n"b *h c.s dsn nccunbh4 c*c: *+sc4 c"3s dsn ch bh + /sh3h% ccch cc <nsch0n+ s+ *+sc4 s <n *u Db0nul <n /ccss /ccslb*. H0sn.
MCDSTHSH 6& Ch s h7un#s lh c!"unsunc cu c lh sh ccl!r d!s !r!s pc chrc s3h lu"snht D!"nul +
PUNCTUL & #ugc + cu0 b*bul ccl )*chc/lh/sbs dsn Sc*shbn sc <nh*0ch.+ cu /+.ul c*cdsn3cs% ch s+ 4s"& dbb<ndchsc+ )c ccl *u)csc. Plchc+ <n c+u h*ch M<n us b*ulus% 2+*+ ch ch0h dc bbs hcblc s+"& dcscu*hDc.c shu s+"& )h*hls.c.c lcnch cu scu.c dc nc)u sn3c? /cdc c+ nu /cdc 4s /cdc c< <s c dc 2blbs s+ /hd+% 4s )lchc+ hs 2cl dc hchs+% )+*+ssndu"sc )c ssnc <nsu4s: <n )*s0ul *<nd% nu"s ls)sc4 c ls0bh ch s+ s *sgc% chsh* dhc+"s ls)scsc bchss ch s+ /hd+% sh* csnc h*c ls0b+ ch s+"4s 0+* u*sschsc+ *clclc /h hDungc 4s lh <nd*c) h*ch lb*: <0)*cunch.+ h b )u c*nscsh 4s 0slbs s/s*ch lus Ssus 4s hs 2cl <l nu0c4 c% <ndh b*<ndu"& )*sn *" un nu0c h < dc shl/h b*? >Ssusc% .scc cl% 2su hl lus Dh/sd ccl b<nd% nu 2s u 0hs )u3sn 0slbs s/. Ssusc% 2sul lus Dh/sd% c+*ush s s"h 2+g+dus M<n us b*ul% d+"0s s+n+ h ch%
B5
pshtr s"hculht6 <n cC % >)scd*h chndsdh"% hdsc+ >)sh *+ hlb+": .slclc shu c/cns0cn clc 2hs c sc <nsc0nhu <n Hn schs h c cu c< c b )sh *+ hlb+% du)+ cu0 *cscsc 4s dsn )h*hg*h2ul hn c*sb* ;>0h*c<nd"b cu b )sh *+ hlb+"E. B8 C2. Mhtcs, 2, 75"6& ;/sndcch*ch cclb* dbs b*bsE: 79% 7'"6( ;ccs dbs b*bs dc lhsc4s*ch dsn Sc*shbnE: Mhrcu, 8% 77"7B ;b*bul dsn Bc shsdhE: 4s S!hn, '%&"5 ;/sndcch*ch b*bulus dsn nh4 c*cE. G*hcs1n h0hlgh0ch.+ c< c/h )hshDc c/hnghclscc dcs)*c /sndcch*ch unb* b*bs% ssn c s1ndu"lc <n 2sgu*h unus >b*b dsn Sc*shbn". 432 CUMSNCCTBRUL
0slusc4 c"0+% Dbh0nc% )c 0snc. Tu% 4s )c 0sncQ Tu% un Sn2sns % )c 0snc% b 0usculs3+ Dbsnsc+: Tu c4 s
C*ch b*ul 0cu% Tu *cbusc s+"0s 2ss 4s lccus b*ul. Tu 0s"hs dh ccl 0hs 0ul % 4s hnu0c 2ssn3h% d+"0s cc"s 0hs )u3sn% 4s hnu0c /cdc*ch: nu 2s )cn *u 0snc Du0nc.cu hscuns% dc /*c0c cc"n Sudcch c4 s h < dc cunbscu ." Hs 2cl <4s .b*c4 c <n2+) us*ch lchculus% cu s *sg+*s dc *ug+csunc. <nchs)usc4 c" c )c snc b*b dc )h s0slc hlc% 2+*+ h )u ch /cdch cc"3s cs c dc ccl 0hs 0h*c 2blbs% 2+*+ h"& cunbh4 c )c Db0nul 4s Du0nc.cul +u: 0h*c c b*bs*ch nc4 ssn3cs hlc% 4s 0hs 0h*c cch h g*c4clslb* hlc. 2ssndc+ us +" c% b*bulc% <l hs hs +s hscs )c <nsu4s Ssus 4s M<n us b*ul% dhc+ nu <n Sc*shbn% lh Hl h*? s *sg+ dhc+ /*cs s+ /c.s hcu0% dhc+ db*c4 s s+n+ h c% ch s+ bb3ss b <0buc+ u*+ h < dc 0h*c: csnc h*c ls0b+ ch s+ cch*+ sc* h*c /h hDungc <n Cc*: d+ 2ugh <nd*u0h dc c*cdsn3+: nu"& 0hs s *sgh 2sul lus Dh/sd. cs >Ssusc% 2sul M+*scs"% c+cs c 0hs bsnc% >0slbs s/c4 c" c dc 0snc". PUNCTUL 7 M<n us b*ul sc h)*b)sh dc b*b: 0h*c 2c*scs*c s+ nu 2ss dc)h* c dc Db0nulQ <l )sc*dch dsn /cdc*c cu bchss *u)ulus% <l *cc<4 sgh cu ccs hs su2lc ulus: sc 2blbsc4 c dc glhs% dhc+ dc /+. nu )bh c 4s. <n +*sndu"4s"& cu su2l+*s dc c/lh/sc% s.bucnc4 c <n s *sg+ c dc s)c*hn3+? ..Ssusc = .scc = ccch cc <nsch0n+ h s)unc s./b* dc 0<n u"s*c 4s /sh3+ =% )+s *ch.+ 4s )cn *u 0snc b )sc+ u*+% 4s dhc+ Tu% Dbh0nc% nu 0+ lccusc4 s% csnc hl ul h* )u ch"b 2hccO N"h0 s+ 2su h < dc nc0c*nsc% <nc< s+ 0+ <nc*cd <n *"un b0: c*ch u*slc nu dhu /cdc*ch% cs 0hs dcg*hb+ 3s"b *+)csc." Unss 4s hl3ss <l cc* hu% su)+*h3s dc s *sg+ clc lus% nc<ncc*ch3s dc ncnb*bcs*ch lus: <s s)unchu s+ hc+% cs Ssus <l hscul h% 4s cl scb ch s *sg+ c 4s 0hs 0h*s? >Dbh0nc% 2sc"3s 0sl+ dc ncnb*bcs*ch 0chQ Dhc+ cu )c Tsnc nu Tc /+d% Tu ssgu* 0+ /c.s )c 0snc." >Cc /*csO"% <l <n *chb+ C*ss bs% ch s+"s cunbhsc+ 4s 0hs bsnc )+sul 4s lchcul. s cl *+s)undc? >Cc )b /*ch bh*c hl cc/h dcc< s+ c /+d% c+cs <n Tsnc /cdch"/bs b ul% Dbh0nc% 4s )c bh c hlc 0clcO" Hscul +% su2lc c% c+cs cu snc /b*bc4 c <nsu4s Db0nul 4s"3s s)unc? >Cc /*csO Cc chu3sO Cc*c 0slbs s/s*s hcclush ch*c c )b2 c4 c lh T*u)ul 4s S<ngclc s+u% c+cs cc bh*c nu"3s /h dh csnc 3s sc d+ b O Cu <3s s<n 3sn h% h3sn c4 c"3s bchss lh 0snc: cu <3s s<n ccn *ul% bdshnc4 c" c <n 0snc. Cc /*csO"% <n *chb+ Db0nul. Tu *+s)undc"s? >Cc hl cc/h )b /*ch cu dhc+ nu )c Tsnc% s+ Tc /+d 4s s+ 0+ bucu* dc
MCDSTHSH 6& 433
Tsnc% s+ )*s0csc 4s s+ Tc )*s0csc? s+"0s <nchsd bchss )cn *u dc4c* +csunc% s+ 0s"s dcschsd )cn *u 3sn +." Cc /*csO Hdsc+? ss cc <nsch0n+ h c cu0sncchO Scstss, Ausd kcccrs" !!sslB' PUNCTUL 6 Nu 0hs )u3sn 0slbs s/ s"h h*+ h Db0nul cu ccl+lhl b*b% dsn nh4 c*c% dh* 0hs 0ss c*sbs% dcbh*ccc% dc4s l"h* 2s )u u /sndcch dbh* )*sn cu/<n ul s+u% h luh sn+ 4s s"h )us"b )c bchs% 2+c<nd cbls* dsn cc/h cc )+*ch )scdsc+: h luh )+0<n 4s &"h 2*+0<n h cu scus)h ul s+u% )*c2+c<ndu"& hs 2cl <n *"un g*un. dc Cc*% 4s ccch cc 2uscsc s *sc+csunc h dc/cns lchc: h /bs ch dsn )ulbc*ch u0slsn3cs s+ shs+ snh )cn *u /sndcch*ch lus: s"h dcschss bchss bc0hs c<nd )+*ch c+ s"s hs u)hsc? <n 2clul hccs h% sh* h)bs s)+l<ndu"sc% h dbb<nds b /cdc*c h < dc bun+% <nc< h )u u /cdch b*scc 4s"h* 2s )u u db*s. Cu0)+nc4 c hcu0 su)c*sb*s h ch hh <*ulus 2+cu 3sc% dcbh*ccc nu"3s h)lsc+ )+0<n ul 2*+0<n h cu scus)h ul s+u% cs chsh* *u)ul s+u 2*+0<n h cu s<ngc 4s )lsn dc du0nc.cs*ch sh: )unc"3s"& nu dbh* )c bchs% cs <n )sc) ul +u% )unc"3s"& )c bchss su2lc ulus% cu cunb4 sn3+ 4s subs*c: *ccunbh4 c c+% s)*c h"3s dh 3sc /cdc*ch% <3s d+ chsh* bchss lus: )*s/c4 c hcu0h cu ccs hs lus C*ss bs% /b*bc4 c cu ls0bh lus% u0bl+ cu )scsbh*clc lus% *+sc4 c cu /sh3h lus% .sc<nd cu S2<n ul Ph/cl? >T*+scsc% dh* nu cu nu0hs% 2ssndc+ *+sc4 c C*ss bs <n 0snc." <n/h3+ dc hscs c+ dhc+ scus)h ul Db0nulus luc*ch.+ <n chs) h < dc c2schcc% <nc< d+ /cdc*ch unus b*b% cc nu sc /h )c *ccc <n ccl cc sc <0)+* +4c4 c cu ch*nch 4s s<ngclc Db0nulus% uns c cu du0nc.cs*ch lusO PUNCTUL ( H < h bucu*sc h ss03s b*bul dc )c u*0h /cdc*ss% <nc< s+*ch <n sus dc )l+cc*c% hlc*g<nd c+ *c cununh cch /c4nsc+. S"h <n b*s h)bs lh Db0nul% *ccunbsc+ b* )cn *u dbb<nds*ch /cdc*ss% /+.<ndu"&% c+cs nu c dc /+.u hl csnc/h% s)*c h"4s 2blbss ls0bh <n *u )*bsl+/s*ch lus. <l 0+* u*ssch ch )c Db0nul 4s Du0nc.cul s+u% <n csudh cclb* b*bs dc )s.0+: sc s0c*c4 c cu )sc) ul lh )+0<n c+ s+"& )*bsl+/chsc+ )c S.b+/s b*ul s+u: <4s )unc gcnunchss )c )+0<n ul
B'
Scstss... /bKsO H)*bCs0h s/? > s3s cc )u ch0 s+ /+ 2hcO 434 CUMSNCCTBRUL
cc"s 2uscsc )us )c bchs: <l hdb*+ )c C*ss bs 4s"& lhud+ )c #sndcc+ b*ul s+u: b*s dc c< c b*s <4s /h 2s dcschss bchss ch s+ /hd+% <4s /h 2s dcschss 4s gu*h ch s+ 0ul3u0chsc+ )cn *u hh <*. B% cu c< 0hs 0ul c0cs *cbusc s+ 0ul3u0c4 s u% su2lc c hl 0cu% Db0nulus )cn *u b 0slbs cnsc h < dc du0nc.cshsc+: h3sn c4 c"3s dc"h )u*u*ch )*s/s*ch <n *u Db0nul% ch s+"3s slbbb.c4 s )scsbh*clc dsn lcg+ u*slc Sh hncs 4s% dc /*c0c cc hs bchss c*cdsn3cs ch s+"& /c.s 4s s+"& cunb4 s )c Du0nc.cul 4s Db0nul +u <n hcchs + Bs sc% s *+dusc4 c" c s+ dhs s *sg+*s ch s+"& )*+.nusc4 s 4s s+"& )*bsl+/c4 s <n b3s /ccss. H0sn.
MCDSTHSH 67 Ch s3% prs"c4ts pc D!"nul h4h cu" h k!st #0dust *n
chsh lus <hhhrshA9

PUNCTUL & #cs 0cds h h.s lh s0c*cnsh M+*scs% lh c/lh/sh Clsshbc cs% lh ulushlh lus Zhhh*sh% lh bucu*sh lus Sbhn 4s lh 0slbs cnsslc P*unculus Du0nc.cu. G<ndc4 c c< dc nc)*cg+ s + <4s /h 2s sbcb s chsh S2<n h Clsshbc h ch s+"s )*s0chsc+ )c Rcgss Cc*ulus ch*c"s sn *hu <n ch. Zhhh*sh% nc<nc*c.+ b* <n 2c*scs*s 4s 0u lh h)lhu.c: )*uncul Sbhn )u3sn h* 2s 2bs <nchss <n l+ch4ul shc*u 0h c*n% dhc+ n"h* 2s 2bs 0hs 0ul <n c0ns3h )+ch ulus: Clsshbc h% dc b+ *<nc3c% nc2blbss bh*c% sh* dsn )*scsnh sh*csnss% snch)hbsl+ dc bunh )*s0s*c cu/cns +: /+.<nd hccs ch% sc bs.usc )c u0slsn3+ 4s% h)cl<nd lh sblu3sh s2sclss% ch*c c% ssngu*+% cch 0hs dc sch0+ )*cg+ s*c )cn *u bhs)c3s h < dc 0h*s% <nlbcusc4 c cu s0c*s*s ls)sh dc )*cg+ s*s. Cu0)+nc4 c u% ch*c *cbusc s+ c cu0snccs% c+ hs +.s /snc s+"3s /s.s c.c chsh Rcgclc 4s Db0nul <nsu4s: dhc+ h uncs 4c.<nd <n chlch4ch /s*gsnhl+% hscs <n *"b Bs sc: dhc+ hcblb sub )c*dclclc cu*+3scs% hscs )*sn *c hccsdcn c hlc )<snss: sh sch0h c< dc nc)*cg+ s c h2ls% c< dc ls)ss dc /s* u3slc cu ch*c Db0nul hccs h db*c4 c s+ 2sc bs)c3s cu0 sc cu/snc 4s% dhc+ *ccu*gs lh sblu3sh u0slsn3cs% <n2*scb4ch.+" c c<nd /c.s c+ Db0nul ch*c bcu)+ Cc*u*slc /*ch s+
N
C2. Luch% &%6'"BA.
MCDSTHSH 67 435
h2lc g+.dus*c <n )sc) ul +u: s2sc4 c" c cu 0hs 0ul + <nd*c) +3s*c dcc< S2<n h Clsshbc h 4s /cs <nlbcus )*sn u0slsn3+ ccch cc"3s ls)sc4 c ch c/lh/sc. PUNCTUL 7 >Dc undc 0sc hcchs h = .scc S2<n h Clsshbc h% dc4s c*h /c*s4bh*+ 4s s2<n h c*h =% Mhsch Db0nulus 0cu s+ /sn+ lh 0sncO C<nd h0 0c*s h cu h < h 2c*scs*cO Cu 0hs )u3sn dcc< *bhb+% ch Rcgsnh Cc*u*slb*." N"h s)us c+ <nsu4s Db0nul 4s Du0nc.cul% )cn *u c+ h4h cc/h h* 2s 2bs 0hs )*csus dc cu/sn c: dhc+ sc 2<s <cc4 c <ns+ dc 0hsc+% cc s"h* 2s <n <0)lh cu sn2sns ul% /c4nscul% s0cnsul 4s h b )u c*nscul KsuO Hccs h*gu0cn dc lh sn2c*sb* lh su)c*sb* hDungc ch s1"& cbn/sng+ 4s )c un sc*h2s0% dh*0s c )c b 2u*nsc+. Mh*c /b*b+ cch h S2sn cs Clsshbc h. Hdc/+*h h )sld+ )cn *u b3s ccs cc sc cu0sncc+. >Dc undc 0sc hcchs hO" Cu hs 2cl dc cu/sn c *cbusc 4s u s+ <ncc)s% su2lc c hl 0cu. c<nd hs h"& g+.dus )c un Db0n h < dc <nhl : *c)c +"lc dc 0ul c b*s. >Dc undc 0sc hcchs h% 0sc% un /sc*0c Dbsnsc% un )+c+ bs ncnb*bcs % unul ch*c 0c*s + nbs shdu*s: 0sc% )lsn dc )+ch c% sng*h 4s sc+lbs% nc*ccunbsc+ b*: 0sc% b 2u*nscu3+ h )+0<n ulus: 0sc. )ulbc*c 4s ccnu4+: 0sc% un ns0sc 4s chsh* 0hs )u3sn dc"h < hO s s+ /sn+ Du0nc.cu <nsu4sO Db0nul hcclh sn2sns % s0cns 4s /c4nscO s nu nu0hs lh 0snc hchs+% cs <n )sc) ul 0cuO S+ sn *c cl% nu dbh* )c u4h 0ch% cs 4s )*sn *c bu.clc 0clcO S+ )+ *und+ nu dbh* <n sh hcul ccl 0hs hscuns% cs chsh* <n sns0h 0chO Cu0 dc nu 0+ 2<s <ccsc% cu0 dc nu"0s )sc*d cunb4 sn3hO K+*+ dbh* 4s )bh c c+ s<n ncss03s b*. PUNCTUL 6 Sh h0sn c cc bun+ )*s0s*c <s 2hcc S2<n h Clsshbc h bhs)c cs shlc M+*sh 4s cc h cn c P*uncul Sbhn cu P*uncul Du0nc.cu% c+cs <n chsh hs h b ul cs c )c 0+su*+% ns0sch nu c 2+*+ *bs <n *"<nsh. #+.<ndu"sc slbbbd dc /sn+% Sbhn shl + ch s+ sc h)*b)sc dc Db0nul% ch 4s cu0 h* s)unc? B% /snb Tu lh 0snc% Db0nul 0cu 4s Du0nc.cul 0cuQ B% 2+ s+ 0+ )b h)*b)sh dc TsncQ B% cu0 l"h* <0b*+3s4h 4s l" h* s *<ngc 4s s"h* uns cu d<nsul% dhc+ h* )u chQ #bsn3h s"h /+.u ls0)cdc c<nd S2<n h Clsshbc h h hu.s glhsul )*chnc)*sh+ns cs Msclu3c: Sbhn <l *ccunbh4 c )c Msclu4clul Db0"
436 CUMSNCCTBRUL
nulus% ch*c <nl+ u*+ )+ch clc lu0ss: h s+l h dc )l+cc*c% c+cs nu c bucu*sc 0hs 0h*c dcc< sc4s*ch dsn )+ch . Cu0)+nc4 c u% ch*c l"hs )*s0s )c Db0nul? dhc+ Sbhn nu"4s 0hs <nch)c <n ssnc dc bucu*sc <n 0+*un hsclc 0h c*nc% c<nd /cdc c+ <n chsh lus <nch)c Du0nc.cul ccl Sn2sns % u% ch*c l"hs g+.dus hs +.s chsh* <nl+un *ul )sc) ulus +u% cc shl u*s dc sh ss2hc3sc h* *cbus s+ 2hcs )c d*u0ul /s* u3ss% dc s+ hDungs )<n+ lh /sh3h cch /c4nsc+Q Dhc+ Sbhn sc cn u.shs0ch.+ h < h )cn *u c+"& ss0 c h < dc h)*bh)c )c cl% u% ch*c"& hs chsh* <nl+un *ul +u% c< h* *cbus s+ c 0<ng<sQ Dh* /hs% u nu ss03s 4s nu cunb4 sQ Hcblb% Db0nul h *+0hs <n )<n ccclc P*chs2sn cs Mhscss shlc% sh* hscs *ccc <n *"hl +u: Sbhn
nu s"h )u u h)*b)sh nu0hsdcc< dc Db0nul% b*sc< dc 0h*s s2b*3+*s h 2+cu % sh* u c h)*b)ss h < dc 0ul % <nc< c unc4 s shc*h0cn hl cu cl. S2<n ul Sbhn h db*s s+ hDung+ h"4s ls)s bu.clc dc )scsbh*clc Db0nulus% h c+*us shndh n"h cu c.h 0hs h)bs% dc4s 0hs s2<n % nscs s"b dc.lcgc% sh* u <l )*s0c4 s )c bu.clc hlc% <l )us <n gu*+% <l <nghs3s 4s"& 0+n<ncs: s *+dusc4 c" c s+ *+sc4 s dsn Cl% cu Cl 4s )cn *u Cl. PUNCTUL ( Tb3s hu *+0hs bucu*b4s 4s b3s *ccunbsc+ b*s. Clsshbc h% )c 0+su*h u0slsn3cs shlc% h *ccunbscu hh <*ul: h 2bs )lsn+ dc Duhul S2<n <n 0ul3u0s*s 4s"n s *sg+*s% )*s0snd 4s 0ul3u0snd: )*uncul Sbhn nu 4s"h hscuns bucu*sh c<nd s"h 2+cu <n *"h < h ss03s +% 4s chsh* dhc+ nu )bh c cu s *sg+ c% )*sn shl u*s 4s"b 2hcc cunbscu +: c*h glhs hl Db0nulus 4s s"h bs cns <n *u lhudclc"s ds/snc. H c<n h Mhsch Kccsbh*+% )*ch0+*snd )c Db0nul% luc*+ b* dc 0slbs cnss 4s 0snuns. Su2lc c% nu h0u3s bc0hs u )*sn *c h < ch glhsu*s dc lhud+: 2ss glhs dc sl+/s*c cu Sbhn% nu +cc*c 0u + cu Zhhh*sh: dcschsdc"3s gu*h <n *u 0ul3u0s*c% dc /*c0c cc"hs dcschss"b )cn *u 0<nch*c: nu"s 2sc )sc) ul )+du*c3% )*sn <nssngu*h*c% cs dc cu* chn hl Cc*ulus )*sn *ccunb4 sn3+: <nhl3+ glhsul cu Clsshbc h% shl + cu Sbhn 4s )*ch0+*c4 c"& cu M+*sh P:hs2<n h.
MCDSTHSH 66 437
MCDSTHSH 66 Dcsprc kclul *n chrc Pruncul Du"nc0cu nu h #sst l!c dc #0dusrc *n Bctlcc", cu hplschsc lh C!"unsunc&%
PUNCTUL & #ugc + c< dc *+u )b*ns3s c*hu cc +3cnss Bc lcc0ulus% dc /*c0c cc nu s"hu g+.dus <n chsclc lb* )c" hccsh cc"h* 2s 0c*s h "b chsh* <n *+*unchss lb*: Puscsc*+ s +)<ns*c )c cs *u2sh 4s l+cb0sh% 4s hs 2cl nu lc *+0+scsc lbc )cn *u bhs)c3s h < dc s+*hcs 4s dc u0sls: nu lc b2c*+ nscs 0+ch* un unghc* cclb* c+*b*h lc"h* 2s 2bs dh b*s cu sns0slc lb*. B*bs3s dc sn c*cs% *udclc nu /+d bsnclc cc lc sn *+ )c u4s% sh* ccs ch*c nu"& *ccunbsc )c Du0nc.cu <n s+*hc nu"& *ccunbsc nscs )c Du0nc.cu dc/cns s+*hc. Sh h0sn c% su2lc c% c+ hs +.s /h /cns s+ bh + lh u4h chscs hlc Db0nul <nsu4s: dhc+ hcblb <nchss <n chlch4ch /s*gsnhl+% hscs hcb)c*s <n *"b Bs sc: gblc4 c"3s sns0h dc b cc cs c lu0c ch s+ 2hcs lbc Cc*ulus b ? c+cs un C0)s*cu sc cu/cnch s+ 2sc s<nul undc h/ch s+ *hg+ P*uncul hccs h u*sh4: chu + s+"& <0)bdbbc4 s cu s0c*cnsc 4s s+*+csc% c+ hccs ch s<n sculclc cc"s )lhc 0ul 0h*clus Bhs)c c )c ch*c"& h4 c)3s. PUNCTUL 7 Pclc*snss cc*ulus u0bl+"n c+u h*ch unus cbl3 dc lu0c undc s+ *hg+ <n gh.d+% 4s nu"& g+scsc: ns0cns nu"s *ccunbh4 c% dc nc*ccunbsc+ b*s cc s<n : nu ch hdscscsc nscs 0+ch* s+"s )*s/chsc+ shu s+"s hscul c. Sh + c+ hcclh cc nu <nch)c"n Cc*u*s nu g+sc4 c b <nc+)c*c <n lu0c% sh* )c /sc*0clc Dbsnsc cc nu h*c nscs b <nc+)c*c <n Cc* nu"& <nch)c lu0ch bh +: Kccsbh*h /h 2s cblsndh dsn )bh* +"n )bh* +% 4s )c bh c lc g+sch <nchssc% )c c<nd cclc hlc Cc*ulus c*hu lh*g dcschssc: dc lh chsh uncs *udc *ccch lh chsh unus cunbscu : b3s 2+cchu )c 0s*h3ss% <h *cb<nd"b csnc cs c. Kccsbh*h /h 2s *+s)uns c+"s b s+*0hn+ )clc*sn+% sb3sh unus s+*0hn dulghc*% 4s% hu.snd
L C2. Luch, :, SS.
(68
CUMSNCCTBRUL
dc"h < h s+*+csc% b3s lc *<n chu u4h"n nhs. Nu /b*bs h4h Dbh0n+% c+ lu0ch nu )*scc)c ls0bh hcchs h? s)unc c+ c4 s P*sn3csh P+0<n" ulus% Rcgsnh Cc*ulus% <0)+*+ chsh <n *cgss c*ch3ss. Dh* /hs% s lu*slc hccs ch glb*sbhsc *+0<n )cn *u u4h h% b% su2lc c hl 0cuQ Sh h0sn c c+ hs +.s sbsc4 c"n 2h3h cs Dbh0nh 4s"3s cc*c s+ b )*s0c4 s% s+"s dhs un lbc undc s+"& nhsc+ )c P*uncul Du0nc.cu: sh sch0h cc"s *+s)un.s. Dc c< c b*s nu s"hs *c2u.h sn *h*ch cu 0hs 0h*c g*bsbl+nsc dcc< hcc4 shQ H4hdh*% <nsu2lc3c4 c"b cu 0hs 0ul + c*cdsn3+ 4s cugc + c+ <nsu4s P*uncul Du0nc.cu% ch*c hcblb c+u h un lbc undc s+ sc nhsc+% hscs chu + )c csnc/h
ch*c s+"& )*s0chsc+: hcblb <n *c /+lu*s /s*gsnhlc% hscs <n *c dhlbc hccsdcn c: bh c lh )b*3slc sns0ss% 4s ns0cns nu"s *+s)undc: ccl subs dc Th +l ccl #c4nsc% ccl db*s dc <ngc*s nu g+sc4 c )c ns0cns ch*c s+"& subchsc+. Cs% su2lc c hl 0cu% scbhl+" c dsn )h ul nc)sb4cnscs hlc% hl <nclsnh3sslb* lu0c4 s% gh h% nu 0hs lcnc/s% c+cs hl 2cl /h *ccc 0hs dc)h* c c+ *c hl hd+)bs 0hs nb*bcbsQ PUNCTUL 6 Cu/<n ul <n *u)h nu h/ch undc s+ sc nhsc+: nu"& dbh*c h < h c+ c su*ghsuns dc undc *cbusc s+"s 2sc )h *sh% c< c+ nu c )*s0s hcblb undc c Chsh P<snss. B% cu0 l"h* 0hs )*s0s <ngc*ss <n 0sDlbcul cc clb* lb* <nh*s)h cQ Cu0 l" h* 0hs hd+)bs s sbh*clc 4s s"h* b2c*s )*b)*sul s+u ccn *u d*c) c*s/h Q Cu0 s"h* 0hs 0u h C0)s*cul )c )+0<n ch s+"s sluDchsc+ d*c) )hlh Q Dh* nscs unus nu s sc"ng+dusc hsc0cnch 2c*scs*c% b )+s *ch.+ dbh* )cn *u snc. B% u% ccl cc /ss s+ c cu0snccs% b2c*+"s P*unculus <0)+* +4s )sc) ul +u d*c) hd+)bs % 0+*un hsclc hlc s+ 3s sc s2<4sc 4s d*c) scu ccc s+"s sluDchsc+ b+sc*slc sns0ss hlcQ <n cclc dsn u*0+% bs cns3s 4s b2cnsh3s% s"hu *c *hs <n *" un s hul% dsn ch*c Db0nul 4s"h 2+cu ccn *u% )c c0csul s+*+cscs 4s u0slsn3cs lus: hcblb hns0hlclc <l )*s0csc cu s0c*cnsc )c ccl *cs)sns dc bh0cns cu s+lb+ scsc: Mhsch sh &"h h4c.h <n *"b scslc% lu<ndu"& dsn c<nd <n c<nd <n )bhlc: sc bdshnc4 c <n )hsc ccl 0hs bun g*+un c% )b2 sndu"s )c b3s <n Chsh P<snss% )cn *u ch b3s s+"& 0+n<ncc. Su2lc c% nu 2s 0hs ncss03s b* dcc< /s clc: bbul <l *ccunbh4 c )c Rcgclc s+u: nu"& <ndc)+* h bc0hs u )c S +)<nul +u: )*s/c4 c"& cu c*cdsn3+ /sc 4s /cs cbns h h c+ hcclh4s% <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h % ch*c s + ch hcblb <n scslc% c hscs <n Hl h*: hcblb% ccl 0ul %
MCDSTHSH 6(
(6'
hs 2s *cu4s s+"& 0<ng<s 4s s+"& s+*u3s% hscs s+"& 0+n<ncs: hcblb% l"hs 2s s *<ns lh s<n% hscs <l )us <n cl: nhsc+"sc% dh*% <n sns0h h 4s s csc"s <n )*chD0+ bh c 2hcul +3slc hlc% unclc subsndu"&% hl clc cbn c0")l<ndu"&% sluDsndu"& 4s hdb*<ndu"& cu bh clc. PUNCTUL ( Nu s"h g+ss )c )+0<n ns0cns ch*c s+"& g+.dushsc+ )c P*uncul Du0nc.cu% nscs csnc% b dh + n+scu % s+"& <ncbnDu*c cu h cn3ss: h 2bs nc/bsc s+ cbbbh*c cu* cnss dsn cc* 4s% hs 2cl% hu c<n h cs slh/h lus Du0nc.cu 4s s" hu 2clscs h )c bh0cns% )*c/cnsndu"s <n )*s/sn3h g*h s udsnss. Su2lc c% dc /*c0c cc h.s Cc*ul s"h s *+0u h <n )sc) ul +u 4s Cu/<n ul ccl #c4nsc dc lh s<nul Th +lus <n *+*unchss +s% dsn )bhlh Mhscss shlc <n sns0h h% cu0 dc nu b 3ss b <n *"b lhud+ 4s nu c b)c4 s <n lhc*s0s dc dusb4scO Gu*ss cc"h 0<nch hsc0cnch h*hn+ nu"s s + bsnc h < dc <nchss+: bu.clc sc+ldh c dc lhc*s0slc unus Du0nc.cu P*unc% cu0 bh*c s<n h < dc usch cO Cc*c <ngc*slb* s+"3s <0)*u0u c ls0bslc lb* ch s+ lc s0s3s lhudclc. Rbhg+" c% c<n +% hclh0+% .sc<nd? >Ksc )cn *u Du0nc.cu slh/h% 4s )cn *u 0snc *bdul )+css"% cu bun+ 4s c/lh/sbhs+ /bs*c. H0sn.
MCDSTHSH 6( Prs"snd PrchsBntul Shcrh"cnt ch pc un !!! dc #r*u sc"nht *n pscptul tu. ;Nsss #rhnu" kru"cnts" ctc.&%
PUNCTUL & /ugc + cu0 cc*cscul Hg*scul b* nu sc 0ul3u0c4 c dbh* s+"4s sc0cnc cu/<n ul du0nc.cscsc <n sns0slc c*cdsncsb4slb*% cs 4s bbbul shc*h0cn hl <n *+*unchss lb*. Plugh*ul ccl g*sDulsu% h4hdh*% <nhsn c dc"h <nc*cdsn3h bbbul 2c* sl s<nulus )sbs hl )+0<n ulus% bbs4nusc4 c h"&
A7
C2. S!hn, &7%7(? >Hdc/+*h % hdc/+*h .sc /bu+? Bbbul dc g*<u% c<nd chdc <n )+0<n % dc nu /h 0u*s% *+0<nc ssngu*: sh* dhc+ /h 0u*s% 0ul + *bhd+ hducc." 440
CUMSNCCTBRUL
h2<nh 4s"h"& )*cg+ s cu 0h*c g*sD+: s0ulgc bu*uscnslc ch s+ nu"& s <nDcnchsc+: h*dc 0+*+csnss ch s+ nu"& <n+bu4c 4s"ndc)+* ch.+ )sc *clc ch s+ nu"& <n0b*0<n c.c% c+cs h*c h <3sh /*+D0h4s <nhsn c dc h sc nh4 c 4s 0ul 0hs 0ul3s <nc+ du)+ cc s"h n+scu . Sh h0sn c c+ h.s% s)*c 0h*clc +u nb*bc% /h s+ chd+ bbbul ccl 0hs *bdnsc 4s ccl 0hs s+0<n3bs dsn cc* <n 3+*<nh u0sl+ h )sc) ulus +u% <n bgb*ul sns0ss hlc. S *+dusc4 c" c% h4hdh*% 0hs <n <s s+"& )*cg+ c4 s ch s+ c )b3s bucu*h dc cl: ud+"& cu lhc*s0s ch*c s+"& <n0bhsc: s0ulgc /scsslc cu *+d+csns cu b % ch s+ nu"& s <nDcnchsc+: h*dc 0+*+csnss l+cb0sslb*% ch s+ nu"& <n+bu4c: <nl+ u*+ g*sDslc su)+*+ bh*c% ch s+ nu"s s ch <n chlc: <ndc)+* ch.+ )sc *clc nc)+s+*ss 4s hs)*s0ss hlc% ch s+ nu"& <n0b*0<n c.c% )cn *u ch <n 2clul hccs h% s<nu*slc *+*unchslb* +s% bsnc )*cg+ s3s 4s cu*+3h3s% s+ )*s0chsc+ bbbul ccl 0+*sns0bs cc /h 2hcc s+ *bdchsc+ hh*ul 4s c /h h*+ns cu /sh3h /c4nsc+. PUNCTUL 7 Du)+ cc h )*cg+ s )+**s<n ul% sc0+n+ b*ul hh*nsc sc *c.c4 c dss dc ds0snch3+% scsc lh c<0) 4s% cu 0<n+ gcnc*bhs+% <0)*+4 sc bbbul ccl 0hs bun dsn g*<nh*clc shlc: 3+*<nh <l )*s0c4 c"n s<nu"s dhlb% <l hd+)bs c4 c hcblb 4s"& bc*b c4 c: h)h <s d+ 0us % sbh*clc c+ldu*+% /+.duhul su2lh*c: bbbul 2c* sl
<ncc)c h dh sc0nc dc /sh3+% )*sndc h sc4s lh lu0sn+% )u c*ch <nchss+"n cl <s l+*gc4 c ss03u*slc 4s sc <n sndc dcb)b *s/+ s)*c hd<nc% cu *+d+csns u0slc ch*c s+"& s)*sDsnc% 4s c+ *c <nhl % cu 2*un.s4u*s 0<nd*c ch*c s+"& *sdscc"n sl+/s. Cu0)+nc4 c cu0 hs +.s hh*nscul Hg*scul b* hl su2lc ulus +u s *+0u + dsn s<nul ds/sn <n s<nul +u )+0<n csc bbbul ccl 0hs 0sc.bs% dcs2+ h*c h cc*ulus <nsu4s: <n )sc) ul +u h c+.u : hd+)bs" c4 c"& cu <n2l+c+*h*c% ud+"& cu dusb4sc% bc*b c4 c"& cu c/lh/sc% <nsu2lc3c4 c"& cu c*cdsn3+ /sc% <n2h4+"& <n n+dcDdch h% )+s *ch.+"l <n d*hgbs ch h 2sc*bsn c% ch s+ sc <n*+d+csnc.c cu s0c*cnsc <n *+*unchss +s% s+ c*chsc+ <n su2lc ul +u% <ncunun<ndu"3s"& cu *bhdc hlc slh/cs. PUNCTUL 6 C dc 0s*h*c cu cc +*sc bl<nd+ sh bbbul dc g*<u <n s +)<ns*c )+0<n ul% <s s *+)ungc hd<ncul 4s"s c*h)+ su)*h2h3h: dss)*c3usc4 c
MCDSTHSH 6(
((&
snh% ch s+ nu sc 0u*d+*chsc+ dc ch% 4s )b)ulch.+ /+.duhul% ch s+ *bnc.c hcblb: <s <n/sngc )c nu0c*b4ss /*+D0h4s cc s sc"0)b *s"/csc? b*u0clc ch*c l"h* b2sls% .+)c.slc ch*c l"h* hcb)c*s% gc*u*slc ch*c l"h* h0b*3s% /<n u*slc cc l"h* 2*<ngc% dh* cl% *su02<nd hsu)*h u u*b*h% susc% c*c4 c 4s sc"nhl3+. Hcu0 <4s schs0b+ /c*dclc s0h*hldclb* h*+ bhsc )c culbh*ch b+lhsc h s)sculus cc"& <ncunun+ cu hu*% 0us +3slc sluDsndu"s d*c) 3c)u4c. Cc 2*u0bhsc *bnch.+ hbldclc% dhc+ 0hs sc*s /c*.s% hcu0 hu*s c% bucu*<ndu"lc bchss cclb* cc lc )*s/csc 4s <nc+ 4s 0hs 0ul )c"hs s +)<hslb*% ch*c *hg 2blbhsc dc )c u*0h lb*Q Cu0)+nc4 c% dh*% dhc+ bh + hs h c luc*h*ch unus g*+uncsb* 0h c*shl dc g*<u% <n *"b 0<n+ dc 3+*<nh% cc bh*c nu /h )u ch 2hcc bbbul <0)+* +4s <n )sc) ul cclus cc"& )*s0c4 c cu /*cdnscscO D+"s )*slcD s+ )*snd+ *+d+csns <n *+*unchss +s% c*chsc+ )*sn 2hcul +3slc hlc% l+*gchsc+"sc <n sns0h h% cbhc+"sc <n /bsn3h h% *bnc.c <n sn clcc ul +u 4s *bhdclc hh*u*slb* shlc <ncununc.c"3s cugc ul. B% cc 0<nd*u h*h + bgb*ul )sc) ulus +u cu hbldclc bbgh c hlc h < b* 4s h < dc <n2l+c+*h c cb0unsunsQ Cc )*s/cls4 c 2*u0bhs+ )cn *u <ngc*s 4s cc )l+cu + 0h*clus +u S +)<n% ch*c c Du0nc.cuQ #snb cu *cs)cc s+"& /c.s 4s cu bucu*sc s+"& sh/u*c.s: <0bbg+3c4 c"3s su2lc ul cu 0+nunchsu*s dc /s* u3s% cu cununs dc slh/+. PUNCTUL ( Cc /bsb4s h)uc+ sccc*+ b*ss sccc*slc% cu c< + )l+cc*c lc 0s4c+Q Sh* ccs ch*c"nhsn c sc4ssc*+ cu 0<hns*c s+ h*uncc bbbul% hcu0h <l culcg cu /csclsc: hu sc0+nh )c 2*sg 4s sccc*+ )c c+ldu*+% <4s 2hc hu.s + )*sn s *sg+ c 0ul3u0s*ch% dh*% ch 3+*hns% s<n 0hs dcg*hb+ )b2 s b*s dcc< *ccunbsc+ b*s d+*us b*ulus% lhudclc du0nc.csc4 s cc h* 2s 2bs dc h4 c) h *cduc<ndu"sc lh chsb c )*b2hnc. Su2lc c% u ch*c h.s *ccunb4 s *bhdclc hcclus bbb cc*csc <nsu s % nu"s s0s h )c"hcc4 sh <n sng*h s udsnc% cs dbh* <n 0ul3u0s*c: <nhl3+ glhsul <n *u bshnhlclc ds/snc: c<n +**lc dc 0+*s*c hlc 0ul3u0s*slb* hlc s+ sc cbnshc*c )*ch0+*s*ss slh/cs lus: *+sunc s0)hnul 4s )shl c*sbnul% c<nd <n h2cc c% c<nd <n s *sg+*s: *ccunb4 sn3h 2sc"3s )c 0+su*h gcnc*b.s +3ss sn2sns c% .+0sslsnd dh b*ss dc 0ul3u0s + h)h* c% *sbu u*s dc /c4nsc+ slh/+. H0sn.
442 CUMSNCCTBRUL
MCDSTHSH 6B Ch s3S prs"c4ts pc Pruncul Ssus, sur#hsunst *n C#sptul sns"ss thlc&'

PUNCTUL & /bn c0)l+ cc c*un <l <ncch*c+ )+0<n ul )c Rcgclc Cc*ulus? /ul)slc hu /s.usn+ 4s )+s+*slc cc*ulus cusbu*s? 2sul 0b*3ss 4s hl )+ch ulus <l )*sgbnc4 c )c Hu b*ul hh*ulus 4s"hl /sc3ss. Cc su c"& sslcsc s+ )+*+schsc+ Cc h ch 2lb*slb* )c ccl cc s"h n+scu )cn *u s)snsQ <n b*h3clc Mhscss shlc sh d*u0ul Cgs) ulus% 3snu hl )l+gslb* 4s bc.nclb*% 4s cu c< + bh*bh*sc <l <ndc)+* ch.+ cgs) cnss% 4s cc *+u <l )*s0csc: <nchsd )b*3slc bsnclus ch*c lc sn *+ )c clc. Su2lc c% hs +.s <nsu4s P*uncul Du0nc.cu b )b*nc4 c s)*c Cgs) ul sns0ss hlc% dhc+ hcblb <n2+4h <n scu ccc% hscs h0cs cch )*sn *c hccsdcn c: nu"& hducc )hcbs ch% cs d*hgbs ch: nu 2ugc dc 2sss bh0cnslb*% cs"s chu +% )l+cc*ch sh 2ssnd s+ s ch cu cs: nu"& g+.dus <n 2clul bh*bh* cgs) chn% cs c< 0hs h)*b)sh dc cu* c"nsh Cc*ulus: 4s dhc+ sns0h h s"h )*c2+cu <n *"un Cgs) % cb/<*4s dc <n unccs0slc nc4 ssn3cs% )lsn dc sdbls hs )h s0slb*% )*+bu"4chsc+"sc nu0hsdcc< lh )+0<n % *su02c *h0u*slc dc 2snsc% <n2lb*chsc+ /s* u3slc% 3<4nchsc+ s./bh*clc hh*ulus 4s 2sc )*bsl+/s 4s hdb*h hdc/+*h ul Du0nc.cuQ PUNCTUL 7 Lung+ h 2bs 4s h*c hnc/bsbhs+ c+l+ b*sh cclb* *cs )clc*sns dc lh Sc*ushls0 <n Cgs) % 4s <nc+ 4s 0hs c*un + )*s0s*ch: hu <ndu*h bh c nc)l+cc*slc d*u0ulus 4s nu s"hu bucu*h dc 0<ng<sc*slc bdshncs. Ns0cns nu /bsh s+"s g+.dushsc+% 2ssndc+"s /cdchu s+*hcs 4s s *+sns% 4s dhc+ nu g+sssc*+ lbc dc )b)hs )*sn *c *udc 4s cunbscu3s% cu0
hl 2cl )*sn *c s *+sns 4s nccunbscu3sO Tb3s sc /b* 2s 2c*s dc d<n4ss% ch dc ns4 c /cnc scs% 4s chsh* <4s /b* 2s s)us? >#sn hscs 2ugsnd dsn 3h*h lb*"% cs h* 2s ns0c*s "b dhc+ h* 2s s)us dsn Cc*ul lb*: sc c0 s+ nu lc Dc2ushsc+ h/u3sslc% 4s"h* 2s )u u s)unc sns0slc: <s )*s"
LC2. Mhtcs, :, &6"&8.
MCDSTHSH 6B 443
/chu ch )c ns4 c dcs3+*h3s: nu 4 shu 0b s/ul 4s b+nushu b cc c 0hs *+u: nu cunbsc cb0bh*h hscuns+% nscs bsnclc )s s : sc 2c*csc 0hs dcg*hb+ ch hcclh cc /snc s+ lc d+*ushsc+ Cc*ul nu cu0/h s+ lc 2u*c )+0<n ul. Undc bh*c sc /h hcsus P*uncul Du0nc.cu )clc*snO Undc sc /h b)*s bh*cO Su2lc c% cl *ccu*gc lh sns0h h% <4s hlcgc )sc) ul +u d*c) lbcusn3+: u% ch*c"& cunb4 s% )*s0c4 c"&: /snc )l<ng<nd% <ndusb4c.c"3s"sc *+*unchss: cgs) cnss <s *<n csc u4slc"n nhs: dcschsd+"sc lh*g cclc hlc sns0ss hlc: hu.s"& cu0 bh c lh )b*3slc hlc cu )l<nsc c 4s sus)snu*s% )b blc4 c"& cu db/c.s dc h2cc3sunc? /snc su*ghsuns dc lh s<nul Th +lus lh hl +u: sh sch0h cu0 s"h* c+dch s+ 2sc )*s0s*ch: dc )c h*s)slc hc*u/s0slb* sc s *+0u + )c cclc hlc sns0ss hlc: nu"s hDungc b cu* cnsc bh*cch*c? )bh* + )clc*sn+ hlb+. c+cs )u*s h ch c culbh*ch sh: g+.dusc4 c"& <n 0sc.ul *+*unchslb* +s% *s/hls hs Cc*u*slb* <nsc4s. PUNCTUL 6 h) c hns hu *+0hs dcs3+*h3s <n Cgs) lbcus b*ss Cc*ulus. Cc nccunbscu3s dc bh0cnsQ Cc hDu b*h3s dc <ngc*sQ Cc )u3sn 2blbs hu *hs <ns+ cgs) cnss dc )c u*0h b/+*+4scs lb* h < h s0). Lh 2cl )lcch "h Db0nul dsn *c cs )*ccu0 h 4s /cns 4s h4h ls sc <n <0)lu 0ul b*h c<nd sc cu0sncc+. N"hu 2bs dc hDuns d*+g+l+4cnsh P*unculus Du0nc.cu% blhDsn+ h ch Kccsbh*cs 4s nscs bunh )u* h*c h S2<n ulus Sbss2 ch s+"s c<4 sgc: hu 2bs )c c< dc nc2c*scs3s% )c"h <l dc nc*ccunbsc+ b*s% 4s dhc+ b <s 0<nchu )c .css hdb*h3s dc cs shu dhc+ hdb*hu d*c) .cs +3s luc*u*slc )c ch*c lc 0<nchu% h* 2s )u us )*ch bsnc hdb*h d*c) Du0nc.cu )c un Db0n cc"h/ch s+ sc b2c*c d*c) h*hn+. Cu0)+nc4 c c<3s s<n ccs ch*c"& )*s0csc )c Db0nul du)+ 2clul cgs) cncsc% 4s chsh* 4s 0hs *ccc% ccs cc nscs nu" & hDu +% nscs nu"& s+*b+ b*csc% <l lhs+ dbh* s+ /sn+ 4s s+ )lccc% 2+*+ h dbb<nds h < h bsnc c< lc"h* 2s cu )u sn3+: s<n h2undh3s cu b ul <n Cgs) ul lb* 4s )*ch 2hc chs+ bun+ cu lu0ch% nu ss0 cb0b*slc cclc /c4nscc. Nu"& )*s0s 4s u )c Db0nul <n 2clul Cgs) ulus% c+cs u"& cunb4 s <n 2clul Cc*ulus% dc4s l"hs )u ch )*s0s )*ch bsnc <n 2clul cgs) cncsc% 4s"hnu0c 0<nc<ndu"3s"& )c Du0nc.cul +u 4s"h/<ndu"& d*c) Du0nc.cu )c un Db0n cc"3s cs c 4s bs)+3% 4s h*hn+: <n c3c4 c"3s c*cdsn3h% cunbh4 c"&% c+cs dc4s /snc h < dc hscuns% cs c Rcgc hl Sc*ushls"
444 CUMSNCCTBRUL MCDSTHSH 6A
((B
0ulus cc*csc: chu + s+ nu )sc*.s *bdul nu dbh* h 4h) c cchsu*s% cs h 4h) c hns dc s+l+4lus*c h sh <n )sc) ul +u% 4s chsh* hl <n *cgss /sc3s% 2blbssndu"3s"b <n Cb0unsuns )c c< dc cucc*nscc% )c"h < dc dcsc. PUNCTUL ( Cgs) cnss nu sc h*h + 0<hns3s /+.<nd c+ P*uncul Du0nc.cu lc )lchc+ 4s"s )+*+sc4 c: ccs cc n"hu db*s ch cl s+ /sn+ nu"& *bhg+ s+ *+0<n+: ccs cc nu s"hu db*s sbss*ch 4s nu s"hu )*c3us /ccsn+ h ch nu"s *cg*c + nscs )lcch*ch. N"h4 /*ch% b% ch u% ch*c l"hs g+.dus h.s )c <nsu4s hccs Db0n s+ 2ss )c c< dc nc*ccunbsc+ b*% )c"h < dc ncnb*bcbs. B% cc slhb+ u*0+ lhs+ <n unss 2h) ul c+ Du0nc.cu h lbcus <n )sc) ul lb*Q Cc )u3sn 0hs h0s*bs h Du0nc.cu 4s cc su c sh*+4s h lu0cQ Cc )u3sn 2blbs *hg dsn cu0sncc+ u*slc hlc c<nd h* )u ch h < h Cc*Q Chu + ch"n snc s+ *+0<n+ 2bh* c )*bhs)+ + h0sn s*ch% 2bh* c h2cc ubhs+ /bsn3h% 2bh* c *ccunbsc+ b* sn clcc ul% )cn *u c+"n )sc) ul +u h sn *h 4s lbcus Db0nul. B% cc P*unc 2*u0bs hs )*s0s Q Hs g*sD+ s+ nu"3s )lccc: *+0<s c< 0hs d*+g+s bs cu dulcch"s )*c.cn3+: sus)sn+ ch s+"& )b3s )*s0s <nc+ b dh +% s *+dusc4 c" c s+"& *cch)c3s <n Cb0unsunslc u*0+ bh*c.
MCDSTHSH 6A Dcsprc !spul dc lh nunth dsn Chnh Ghlslcts, hplschsh C!"unsunc&.

PUNCTUL & C"ugc + c+ dhc+ lh hl c nun3s b ul h*c s. dc /<l/c lu0c4 s% lh hcchs h dbh* dc hdc/c*s*s hlc Cc*ulus? c/lh/sc h cn + h 0s*slb*% sn/s h*ch M<n us b*ulus )cn *u ch <ncc)u u*slc <n *u /s* u c s+ gh*hn c.c )*b)+4s*slc <n *u 2c*scs*c: n"hu us h "b nscs )c Mhsch P*chs2<n +% 0ul3u0s + c+*csh 4s"hu hssgu*h S chuh. Hu hsss h 4s H)bs blss% ch 0h*c db/hd+ h gcnc*bhscs subs*s h 0s*slb*% c+cs% ls)"
A(
C2. S!hn, 7%&"&&.
ssndu"lc h/u ul <n hlc )bssbslulus% lc )*ssbsc4 c sns0h <n hlc 0+*s"ns0scs. Mh*c h/hn hD s)*c h"& )u ch g+.dus )c Ssus 4s h"& h4c.h lh 0hsh lb*% s)*c h"s 0c*s h 0slbs s/s*slc? 0c*s ul ls sc *clsc2ch.+ cu h < 0hs 0ul % cu c< cC)c*scn3h 0snunslb* lus C*ss bs lc c*h 0hs *cdus+? <nc+ nu"& /+.usc*+ 2+c<nd /*cb 0snunc% dh* hu bsnc0c*s h s+ <ncch)+ cu cs.
Sh h0sn c c+ dhc+ h.s *cbusc s+"& g+.dusc4 s <n chsh 4s"n )sc) ul +u )c Ssus <nsu4s% Db0nul 4s h b lchcul +u% Ms*c 4s bhs)c c lh nun h su2lc ulus +u% c nc/bsc s+ c <nh*0c.s cu b h < ch /s* u3s ch 4s cl% 4s 2sc cch dsn <s b c*cdsn3+ /sc% u*0c.c"s b subs*c h*.+ bh*c% cu b <nc*cdsn3h*c nchb+ u + c+"& )b2 c4 s s+ s+/2*4chsc+ 0snuns dcb)b *s/+. PUNCTUL 7 C <ns+ dc 0h*c <nsc0n+ h c s+ cugc s cu0 dc ls)sc4 c /snul bc0hs <n bsul bs)+3ulus 4s% cu cl% /csclsh cunbscu +% *ssc bbs4nus hl )l+cc*slb* lu0c4 s. Dss)h*c"n cls)+% l+s<ndu"s )c b3s cu 0sc*ch )c bu.c 4s 2sc*ch"n sns0+ 4s nu 2hc hl cc/h dcc< s+ <nchsnc cu /sn ch s+ sc u0)lc dc /cnsn: ccs dsn Chnh Ghlslcss dhu 2ugh dc.h0+gs3s% ch s+ 2hc+ *bs dc )l+cc*slc Cc*ulus% ch*c s<n hdc/+*h c 4s *hsnscc: b )un d*c) 0sDlbcs bh*c )c Mh0+% chlc nc<n *ccu + )cn *u h"4s hssgu*h 0slbs s/s*slc Ksulus: nu sc s)unc c+ h* 2s s*bss s0) shu /b*bc ch s+"4s <n2+3s4c.c )+sul hccs cs Dbh0nc% dcbh*ccc uncsh ch ch% h < dc )sbhs+% <s c dc"hDuns s+"& h2lc: hu h)clh lh M+*sh 4s M+*sh lh Ssus% hcchs h 2ssnd b*dsnch <n luc*h*ch ds/sn+. H.s% su2lc c% cu hccch4s dc.h0+gs*c 4s nu 0hs )u3sn+ cC)c*scn3+% d+ 2ugh <n c+u h*ch 0<ng<sc*ss cc*c4 s% c+cs s./b*ul lus hscs <4s h*c bb<*4sh% <n Hl h*% 4s )c l<ng+ 2h) ul c+ c ccl 0hs bun /sn% h*c 4s <nsu4s*ch dc h 2s )c*cn 4s% cu bh c c+ )h*c nbu% cs c /c4nsc. Lch)+d+ sh ss2hc3sslc chl)c hlc )+0<n ulus <nhsn c dc h c lc)+dh clc )c snc: sh sch0h c+ clc dss)h* c<nd <3s c lu0ch 0hs d*hg+% 4s nu0hs Du0nc.cu *+0<nc: clc nu sh u*+: nu0hs h*hnh hcchs h ds/sn+ <ndcs ulch.+. PUNCTUL 6 Tb dchunh 0slbs% sh* hcu0 4s bblsgh dc *ug+0sn ch Mhscss shlc% Db0nul <4s snhugu*ch.+ 4s*ul 0snunslb* du0nc.csc4 s% ch 4s )c ccl hl lchcu*slb* b0cnc4 s: )*c2hcc h)h <n /sn% hdsc+ su)+*+*slc )+0<n ulus <n 0<ng<sc*slc Cc*ulus: lscbh*ch h 2bs gcnc*bhs+% ch ss0bbl
((A
CUMSNCCTBRUL
hl hccs us Shc*h0cn Ds/sn 4s ch dh* hl uncs 0<sns h < dc gcnc*bhsc% c+cs dhnsslc lus Du0nc.cu hu 2bs <n b dchunh bnb*h c: <ncc) s+"& sh/u*c.c bh unss% bh hl3ss 4s s1"& )*bsl+/chsc+ unhns0% 2+*+ s+ sc )sh*d+ nscs b )sc+ u*+: b3s <l gus + 4s b3s sc 0snunch.+% *+0<n<nd ncs)us dc sh ss2+cu3s dc un bs)+3 cu .h3 h < dc bun. Cu0)+nc4 c cc hh <* 0ul 0hs 0s*hculbs lc 2hcc hs +.s Db0nul cclb* )b2 s3s lh 0hsh lus 4s cu c< <s c gus ul 0hs scu0): 0bhsc"3s bu.clc 4s /cs /cdch cu c< 0hs dcs2+ + b* c /snul hccs h cu ch*c c <0bsc h.s? hcclh h 2bs luc*h*ch h b )u c*nscscs shlc% hccs h h d*hgbs cs shlc ncs2<*4s c? hcblb% ch s+ bb3sn+ /snul hcclh. Db0nul 4s"h <n sns 0<nh cch )u c*nsc+% hscs 4s"h s2<4sh <ns+ )sc) ul: hcblb hu u0)lu 0hs <n <s hsd*sslc cu h)+% hscs *cbusc s+"3s u0)ls u )h ul cu lhc*s0s. Dhc+ 0s*chsh h )*c3us h < dc 0ul 2h) ul c+ Rcgclc h sn *bdus"b <n lhbb*h b*ul /snu*slb* shlc% ch*c s<n 0<ng<sc*slc ds/snc% cu c< 0hs 0ul *cbusc s+ 2ss u *ccunbsc+ b* hs +.s )cn *u hh <*ul dc h"3s 2s b2c*s s./bh*clc ncscch c hlc s<ngclus s+uO #cns3s% su2lc c )*chscu0)c% cu sc c 4s bc3s )<n+ /+ <0b+ h3s dsn d*hgbs ch du0nc.cshsc+% 4s s)unc 4s u b dh + cu s h*bs clc bs)+3ulus? >B% dc 0"h4 2s bucu*h 0hs dc 0ul dc 0hsh hcchs hQ B% dc"h4 2s 0c*s <nc+ dc lh <ncc)u ul /sc3ss 4s dc 0ul c b*s lh hccs P*chs2<n Shc*h0cn Q" PUNCTUL ( C2cc clc unus /sn h < dc cCcclcn hu 2bs h2cc clc )lsnc dc *ccunb4 sn3+ c+ *c Hu b*ul s+u. Dc <ndh + cc"hu h2lh dc )*bdsgsu. l"hu 4s 2+cu )ublsc: 0s*ss <ns+% /+.<ndu"sc )c c< dc snch)hbsls dc"h sc hchs h% )c"h < dc <ndh b*h3s dc hh <*% s"hu *+s)uns lus C*ss bs cu *c)c h c db/c.s dc *ccunb4 sn3+% sh* cclb*lhl3s cu h)lhu.c% 4s )c bun+ d*c) h c% c+cs un /sn h < dc hlcs% cc )*bducc c*sns nc)*sh+ns3s% h* *cbus s+ 2sc *<0bs3h )c )+0<n 4s"n Cc*. Dsn *c b3s. sn/cn h bh*ch )u*s +3ss h <n+l3h 0ul3u0s*slc <n nu0clc u u*b*h% )*cschs0b<nd *h.clc dc lh)sc )*chcu*h )c ch*c s lc d+dusc 2sulus s+u% <n scu0)c ch b*cn clb* h < dc )u*c )*s0s c hs +.s. Su2lc clb*% s0)lb*h3s"b )c Dbh0nh hcchs h s+ /+ hDu c s+ /+ hchs h3s dc hsc0cnch hh <*u*s ncbbs4nus c )*sn db/c.s dc *ccunb4 sn3+ c< 0hs )*b0) c% <n *uc< cclus 0hs 0h*c dsn *c )*bdsgss <n *u hh* 4s h2cc3sunc nu"s )b3s *+s)undc dcc< cu lhudc ncbbs4nus c. B% dhc+ 0ul3u0s*slc h* 2s )c 0+su*h hh*ulusQ C+cs dhc+ hcclh h 2bs . )*s0ul sc0n hl lus C*ss bs% hccs h c )ccc ch db/c.slb* shlc dc h2cc3sunc 4s *su02ul d*hgbs cs lus.
MCDSTHSH 65 447
MCDSTHSH 65 Ch s3% prs"c4ts pc Ssus C!psl pscrdut 4s #sst *n tc"plu AB

PUNCTUL & #cs 0cds h c< dc <ndu*c*h + sc /h 2s )b0cns hs +.s b hsc0cnch Mh0+ 2+*+ un hsc0cnch Ksu% )c c< dc nc0<ng<sh +% )c"h < dc <nssngu*h +: ssngu*+ h ch <ns+4s dublch.+ 01hns*ch% dcbh*ccc ls)sc4 c bc0hs ccl cc h* *cbus s+ 2sc 0<ng<sc*c )cn *u bh c cclclhl c )sc*dc*s: nu sc )bh c bdshns% c+cs 2+*+ Ssus nu cCss + ccn *u: nu hd0s c 0<ng<sc*c% c+cs nu hs cu cc <nlbcus hbscn3clc lus Du0nc.cu: sc .scc c+ bchss ch*c nu c /+d nu"3s s2+*<0+ sns0h: hscs <ns+ dh% bc0hs )cn *u c+ nu c /+dAA: s./bh*c"s s<n dc h)+ bchss% )cn *u c+ lc ls)sc4 c lu0snh lb*: scbh c sus)snu*s dusbhsc% hdc0cns*D c+ *c Du0nc.cul hbscn : 4 sc bsnc c< dc 0ul h )sc*du % d*c)
ch*c"4s d+ h < h sslsn3+ ch s+"& chu c. Cu0)+nc4 c u% su2lc c hl 0cu% c+ dhc+ nu0hs )sc*dc*ch dsn bchs h lus Ssus <s )*scsnusc4 c Mhscss shlc b hsc0cnch 0<hns*c% cc du*c*c h* 2s bh*c )c 0+su*h )sc*dc*ss lus dsn hh*O s dhc+ nc2c*scs*ch nu 3s"h* 2s h < dc 0h*c% )l<ngc 2h) ul c+ h )lcch dc l<ng+ snc dsn )*scsnh nc)sb4cnscs: du" c nu0hsdcc< s+"& chu3s cu h*s)s dc db*u*s% s *sg+"& cu sus)snu*s% )l+ c4 c 0+ch* cu b lhc*s0+ g+ss*ch sh% 4s dhc+ Kccsbh*h n"h 0<nch 4s n"h db*0s )<n+ c<hd nu &"h g+ss % u 0+n<nc+"& c<nd <l g+sc4 s 4s db*0s <n cbn c0)lh*c s2<n +. PUNCTUL 7 Plchc+ Kccsbh*h <n c+u h*ch Ksulus s+u Du0nc.cu% )c c< dc subs % )c"h < dc db*s : nu"& chu + ch 0s*chsh <n )h ul bdshncs shlc% cs"n 0sDlbcul s0s*ncs dsn <s: u* u*sch"nssngu*h + )b*nc4 c <n c+u h*ch cb0b*ss shlc hbscn c% glhsul s s"h hu.s )c )+0<n ul nbs *u% c+cs h sbss /*c0ch ss)+4s*ss? u0bl+ bch+snd 0sclu4chuh cch nc)*sh+ns + 4s
A6 &&
C2. Luch, 7%(9"B7: C*nthrch C*ntMl!s, &%&7. !chss... nu tc d6 <n cC % >bDbs Fuc nb /cn nb Fucb*hn hn cl cb*h.1n"% )h*h2*h.+ lh .schlh >bDbs Fuc nb /cn% cb*h.An Fuc nb Fuscb*h"% cu cchs/hlcn ul *b01ncsc >bchss ch*c nu sc /+d sc us +". P+s *+0 <ns+% )cn *u Dbcul dc cu/sn c% 2b*0ulh*ch b*sgsnhl+.
((8 CUMSNCCTBRUL
<n *chb+ dc Msclul lus Du0nc.cu% )c ch*c 4s hl +dh + /bssc s+"& <nghs + S*bd% lu)ul s<ngc*bs: <n *chb+ )*sn *c *udc 4s cunbscu3s% c+cs s"h* cu/cns ch cs s+"s 4 sc u*0h: d+ 2ugh lh c0)lu 4s ns0c*c4 c% c+cs un Ksu bun c cu ssgu*hn3+ dc g+ss <n chsh bunulus s+u Th +. <n/h3+% su2lc c% hcchs + dsscs)lsn+ 4s 0bdul dc h"& g+ss )c Du0nc.cu: nu /cs dh dc cl <n /hch*0ul s *+.slb* 4s <nc+ 0hs )u3sn <n h+*0+lhsh )sc3clb*% nu )*sn *c )*sc cns shu *udc lu0c4 s% cs <n c0)lu% ch*c c b chs+ dc *ug+csunc: 2sc"3s bssc*sch ccn *u% chu +"& <n hbc*nhcblc% c+cs hcblb"& 3snc <n c0ns3h subs*ch: )l+ c4 c cu lhc*s0s bucu*sslc 4s cu su2c*sn3c 0<ng<sc*slc: chch0+"& cu sus)s"nu*s 4s dbb<nds"/cs hh*u*slc shlc. PUNCTUL 6 Kccsbh*h sn *+"n c0)lu 4s dcscb)c*+ <n 0sDlbcul <n/+3+ b*slb* <n3clc)csunch Th +lus: 0ul3u0s*ch s"h 2bs *+scu0)+*h*c h du*c*ss. P*ch2c*scs3s ccs cc )Kng% c+cs cs s<n h < dc 0<ng<sh3s h)bsQ Sbh*clc *+s+*s h usch lhc*s0slc hu*b*cs: s"h <nscnsnh )b b)ul dc )l<ns lh h)h*s3sh cu*cubculus )+css% c+cs 0h*c c bucu*sh g+ss*ss lus Du0nc.cu )cn *u csnc"& db*c4 c <n s0) cc"& cunbh4 c. Cu cc <0b*+3s4+*s <l /h 2s cb)lc4s % cu0 <l /h 2s s *<ns lh s<n% .sc<nd cu 0s*chsh? >Pc*sns3+ dc 0s* h 2bs subs ul 0cu% c<nd s"h )sc*du ? hcu0% g+ss % c buchc3cl dc 2lb*s% <n *c s<nss 0cs b s+ *+0<n+." T*cs .slc s"hu *cbus ch s+"& g+schsc+ 4s"n s0)ul lb* *cs 0ss dc sus)snu*s% lhc*s0s 4s s *+dhnss% *ug+csuns 4s du*c*s% ch s+ )*c3ushsc+ 4s 0hs 0ul cb0bh*h g+ss +. Sh h0sn c% su2lc c% c+ )c snc nu c cbs + h < h g+ss*ch Db0nulus hccs ush% dcbh*ccc b*sc<nd /*cs% <l hs <n Hl h*: /c.s c< dc lh <n"dc0<n+ 4s h)*bh)c dc gu*+ c% dh* n"h4 /*ch ch <ns+4s u4u*sn3h hs h dc h"& g+ss s+"3s 2sc )*slcD dc"h nu"& )*c3us% nu 0hs .sc dc"h"& )sc*dc: )*s0c4 c"l h.s cu hcclch4s ss03+0sn c 4s dusb4ss hlc P*chs2sn cs Mhscss shlc: )unc"3s bu.clc )ccc c )c d<nsul% c+cs nu 3s sc"ng+dusc dbh* s+"& hdb*s% cs *cbusc s+"& 4s 0+n<ncs: nu dbh* s+"& <0b*+3s4c.s% cs s+"& 4s <nghs3s: )+s *ch.+"& <n )sc) ul +u 4s <nchsdc"& <n cl: *c)c + cu 0s*chsh? >Buchc3cl dc 0s* cs c subs ul 0cu )cn *u 0snc% <n *c s<nss 0cs b s+ *+0<n+% unul 2ssnd sn clcc ul% hl ul /bsn3h% unul cbn c0)l<ndu"& 4s hl ul <n2l+c+*<ndu"sc." PUNCTUL ( Tb dchunh Kccsbh*h M+*sh h 2bs )c c< dc *ccunbsc+ bh*c% )c"h < dc 2c*0cc+ bh*c? /h 2s <n+l3h lus Du0nc.cu c<n h*c nbu+
MCDSTHSH 68 (('
)cn *u c+ s"& d+dusc <nc+ b dh + <nh)bs )c subs ul cs Ssus: h /cns )u* h + )c h*s)slc uncs sns0s subs bh*c% sc /h 2s <n b*s <n *s 0ul unus g< lcD *ccunbsc+ b*% )*bsl+/snd 0slbs cnsslc Db0nulus: sc /h 2s bucu*h cu <ngc*ss dc 2c*scs + cc c*h% 2ssndc+ *cg+sssc hh*ul hh*u*slb* 4s s./b*ul h bh c. Cu0 4s"& /h 0hs 2s )+.s du)+ hccch )c P*uncul Du0nc.cu% nc0hs)sc*.<ndu"& /*cbdh + dsn bchs% )*c<n" <0)s*s<hd cu db/c.s dc *ccunb4 sn3+ *sscu*slc dc h"& )sc*dc sh*+4sQ B% su2lc c hl 0cu% u ch*c l"hs g+ss h.s <n Hl h* )c <nsu4s Db0nul hccs h% hsss h dc su2lc c cu*h c cu <ngc*s )*sn *c clc% <ncbnDu*h dc hc*u/s0s <n3clc)3s <n lbc dc <n/+3+ b*s: u ch*c c h2ls cu P*uncul Du0nc.cu <n )sc) ul +u% cc c<n h*c h* *cbus s+ <nhl3sO Cc 0ul3u0s*s s"hducsO Cunbhsc+"sc du)+ *ccunb4 sn3h h )*c3us*ch g+ss*ss: nu 2s nc*ccunbsc+ b*% dhc+ nu /*cs s+ 2ss nc2c*scs : /c.s s+ nu"& )sc*.s <nc+ b dh + 4s )bh c chsh* )cn *u b dchunh: )+s *ch.+"& <n sns0+% c+cs c ssngu*ul +u bdb*: /c.s s+ nu lc dcschs.s )+ch clb* u4h% c+ 3s"& /b* 2u*h.
MCDSTHSH 68 Dcsprc !spul lh chrc pc D!"nul l3hu scr st *n#crss *n pustsu, cu hplschsc lh Shcrh"cnt&%
PUNCTUL & /ugc + cu0 sc *c *hgc C*ss bs% c.hu*ul nbs *u% dsn .h*/h lu0ss s)*c h sc cbnshc*h Th +lus s+u cclus #c4nsc: )bs c4 c )h *u.ccs dc .slc% <n/+3<ndu"nc cu0 s+ nc <n2*+3s0 ch.nh cu *ugh% cclc dbu+ h*s)s cu hDu b*ul c+*b*h
.bu*+0 <n <0)+*+3sh lus Du0nc.cu: dc cc ducc ls)s+ *u)ul dc h*hn+% )c"h < h sc sh u*+ duhul cu 0<ng<sc*s du0nc.csc4 s. Dh* cc bun+ )*cg+ s*c% cu *ug+csunc 4s cu )bs % cu )us sc 4s cc*% cu hs)*s0c 4s cbn c0)lh*c% ch s+ 0c*s c bs)+3ul )c ch*c s"& *s0s c h +l ccl #c4nscQ <ngc*ss <l hduc hcclb*h ch*c *+scsc ch <ngc*ss% <n/h3+% su2lc c% ccch cc <n/+3+ b*ul +u Ds/sn% s+/<*4snd% c <n/h3+: c nc/bsc s+ c )*cg+ c4 s cu hcchs + )*b/s.sc dc /s* u3s% ch s+ c h4c.s lh 0hsh dcs2+ +*slb* hlc: 2ugs dc bh0cns% ch s+ c )*b cDc.c <ngc*ss: cbn/c*sch.+ cu Cc*ul% dc /*c0c cc cu )<snc dc hcblb c nu *c4 s: ls)sc4 c" c dc buch clc )+0<n c4 s% 4s hs 2cl c /cs
LB2. Mh cs% (% &"&&.
(B9
C!MSNCC70BR!# MCDS0HDSH 3
(B&
<n2*u) h 0hs 0ul dsn h*hnh cc*chsc+. Scbh c dc"hscs b 0h*c d*hgbs c dc s.blh*c% dc *ug+csunc% dc )bc+sn3+% dc /sh3+ hs)*+% 4s c /cs bucu*h cu dclscss dc bhnchc ul du0nc.cscsc. PUNCTUL 7 Nu dbh* )bs ul dc h < ch .slc h )*cccdh <ns+ bs)+3ul Cc*ulus% cs 2h) ul dc h 2s bb3snu *cs /sc b*ss s *+lucs c hsu)*h cclb* 0hs 0h*s *cs du40hns% <n/+3<ndu"nc s+ <n/sngc0 <nhsn c dc h nc cu0sncch: /sc b*sh )*c0ch*g+ *su02ulus% *+0<n+ bs*us + ch*nch <n 0<nc+*u*slc% lu0ch <n bbg+3sslc 4s dsh/blul <n *u2sslc lb*: bh + /sh3h nbhs *+ s+ *su02c hsu)*h )l+cc*ss% sn c*csulus 4s *u2scs. Db0nul n"h hccc) h bs)+3ul chl) hl dsh/blulus% d*c) ch*c &"h dbb<nds )c"hcclh sc*/s dc c+ *c <ngc*s: hcclh <s b2c*ch )sc *c d*c) )<snc% sh* hcc4 sh <s b2c*+ )<snc d*c) )sc *c. hd+ lh 0hsh Rcgclus csnc h <n/sns *cgsA8. Cbnssdc*+" c hs +.s sn/s h <n )us sh lu0ss hccs csh lh )<snch Cc*ulus: h/<nd h c h4c.h lh 0hsh Rcgclus% /c.s dhc+ hs <n/sns *cgs% /scsslc cc db0nchu hsu)*h h: nu 0hs /cns cu 2sh*c dc *bb lh 0hsh lsbc* +3ss <n sns+ dc c+ *c Ksul lus Du0nc.cu. Csnc *cbusc s+ 0+n<ncc cu Du0nc.cu 4s )c Du0nc.cu <nsu4s s+ nu /sn+ s+ ul dc buch clc lu0ss% c+cs nu /cs gus h )<snch <ngc*slb* dhc+ /ss ghs2 us cu )sc *clc Sh hncs. PUNCTUL 6 Ksul lus Du0nc.cu h ss03s 2bh0c ch un b0% dh* Th +l C c*n% ch*c )*b2c ulus s+u s"h *s0ss )<snc )*sn *"un cb*bA'% h.s <s *s0s c Ksulus s+u 0ul subs h*hn+ )*sn sluDs b*ss s+s h*s)h3s: cc 0<nch*c h 2bs % nu sc s)unc% *+0<n+ s+ 0cds c.s u: ssgu* c c+ nu /h 2s ls)ss )<snch% dc /*c0c cc <ngc*ss c*hu hcblb% 4s c+% h/<nd un Ksu <n2b0c h 4s h < dc subs % Th +l Ds/sn <l /h 2s <n *ccu cu 0ul )c ccl hl 2sulus *sss)s b*. B*sc< h* 2s 2bs <ns+ dc sh/u*bhs+ 0<nch*ch <ngc*slb*% nu su2c*+ cb0)h*h3sc cu cch )c ch*c h.s 3s"b b2c*+ 3sc <nsu4s S +)<nul lb*: lus <s c4 s bhs)c c 4s Cl <nsu4s 3s sc d+ )c ssnc ch h*hn+. Cu0)+nc4 c cu cc bucu*sc c"hs h4c.h hl+ u*s dc Db0nul <n )us sc% cu cc )l+cc*c hs 0<nch dsn )<snch hccch /cns + dsn Cc*: cs
A8
... rc#s6 Hlu.sc lh b hnccdb + dcs)*c Gbn.hlb dc CA*dbbh% Mh*clc C+)s hn. <n &B95% lh Sh/bnh ;Lsgu*shE Ludb/sc hl @ll"lch hl K*hn3cs &"h )b2 s cu hccs c /b*bc 4s )c cl s+ 4hd+ lh 0hsh )c ch*c b luh cu Kc*nhndb Ch blscul. #c.s Hsc, @@@#S% 4s CrsL, ns% A. A' prsntr3-sn c!r!6 Hlu.sc lh cb*bss ch*c l"hu h*+ns )c )*b2c ul Dsc% SSS Rc#s, &5%( 4s A. Cb/h**ubshs h0sn c4 c c+ b un cb*b lc hducch )<snc 4s S2sn3slb* Ph/cl 4s Hn bn%
bsnc% <n c3c4 c"3s c*cdsn3h 4s <n3clcgc c+ hscs <l hs )c Db0nul <nsu4s% cu Cl 0+n<ncs 4s )c Cl <l 0+n<ncs% Cl c dcb)b *s/+ ccl cc c )b2 c4 c lh bs)+3 4s bs)+3ul <nsu4s. B% dc l"hs 0<nch lh 2cl dc <n2b0c h cu0 c Db0nul dc sns0h hQ #c.s c+ s<n buch c hlcsc dsn Cc*: 0+n<nc+"lc cu )b2 h dc" hcblb% 0+n<nc+ hsc0cns unus <ngc*% dc /*c0c cc <ngc*ss c sc*/csc 4s c )s.0uscsc. S"h hdus Db0nul 0ul3u0s*slc unus 2su cclus cc s sc h*+ hsc Th + h < dc bun% /c4nsc ch unush /c4nsc 4s dc)lsnc ch unush h < dc gcnc*bs: <4s /h 2s <n+l3h bchss% ch 4s <n hl c dh3s% lh Cc* 4s% 0s"Dsndu"4s"s )c ccs hs su2lc ulus% 4s"s /h 2s h3sn s hsu)*h 0<snslb* dh*nscc hlc Th +lus s+u: )*bsl+/snd /*c*ch cu )u c*ch% sn clcc ul <4s /h 2s *ccunbscu )*c3us*s 4s /bsn3h /h 2s c0hnh h2cc c nccu*0h c. #h 2s <n+l3h s0nu*s )c ch*c lc /b* 2s *cluh cb*u*slc <ngc*c4 s% 2blbssndu"4s bh c )u c*slc 4s 2hcul +3slc ch s+"4s /+dchsc+ *ccunb4 sn3h )cn *u bsnclc dsn *u ch*c b3s sc <0)+* +4ssc*+. S0s +"&% b% su2lc c hl 0cu% )c Db0nul hccs h% <n hducc*ch 0ul3u0s*slb*% sh* )cn *u hh <*u*slc )*s0s c h*h +"3s *ccunb4 sn3h Th +lus cclus #c4nsc )cn *u c+ c"h *h h ch )c un 2su. Cc"s dc 0s*h*c s+ *+sunc c<n +*s dc lhud+ <n gu*h cclus c+*ush Cu/<n ul C c*n s"h 2bs h*hn+O Slbbbhd+"3s sns0h un cu/<n bun59 4s
59
sl!!!hd3ks... un cu *nt !un6 <n cC % >Rcgsscldc u cb*h.bn unh bucnh )hlhb*h"% dc lh rc#!ldhr >h *<g<s"% cCc0)lu s)sc dc 0c h2b*s.h*c h unus *cgss *u lcCschl /ulgh* )*sn *"b 2sgu*+ b*u hl+ dc *ccu)c*h*c <n s)s*s h 2s.sblbgsculus dc*s.b*su. Tc*0cnul 2blbss dc G*hcs1n h/ch 4s )c /*c0ch lus% ch 4s cb*cs)bndcn ul *b01ncsc% hccch4s sc0ns2sch3sc 4bchn +? >Csb sc scnc )b* dcscb* cssh ! /sllhnsh% cs)ccshl0cn c cuhndb sc hh.c dclhn c dc )c*sbnhs hbnb*s2schs" ;>Cs c cbnssdc*h d*c) s0)bls c3c 4s 0bDscsc% 0hs cu sch0+ c<nd c cb0ss dc 2h3+ cu )c*sbhnc bnb*hbslc"% Cb/h**ubshs% Tcs!T!). T*hducc*ch nbhs *+ c cu2c0s.hn +% dc4s h0 2bs cn h3s )<n+ <n ul s0h cls)+ s+ 2blbss0% ch 4s G*hcs1n% /c*bul >h *<g<s". Hu b*ul 2blbsc4 c un cC bsblsc ;Ps.% (B((% 7E? >C*uc h/s cb* 0cu0 /c*bu0 bbnu0": lh . cruct! <nsc0nh >h
/+*sh )c gu*+% h /b0h% h s.bucns% h sc *c/+*sh"% scnsul 2s.sblbgsc 4 ssn3s2sc 2ssnd dc./bl h hbsh <n ls0bslc *b0hnscc. TcC ul dsn Ps., *cdh h cnuh <n /c*ssunslc 0bdc*nc hlc Bs!lscs, h 2bs *hdus dc G*hcs1n <n 0bd dclsbc*h )*sn /h*shn h 4bchn 2s.sblbgsc+. Kblbss*ch unus hsc0cnch cu/<n sc <nsc*sc <ns+ lbgsc <n cbn cC ul 0c h2b*s.hn cb0)lcC hl s2c*cs 0<nch ulus% sncluss/ 2h.clc dc dcglu s3sc 4s dsgcs sc% cscn3shl dhc+ h/c0 <n /cdc*c cscn3h > cb2hgsc+" h cuhh*ss scs% cbn cC cC)lbh h )<n+ lh ch)+ dc c+ *c G*hcs1n. Un bs)+3 cb)sbs )*bducc c2cc c 2s.sblbgscc s)ccs2scc snc/s hbslc% )c ch*c nscs b 2hls+ )udbh*c nu lc )bh c ncgh. Ks.sblbgscul )bh c 2s <ns+ >0<n us " <n 0c h2s.sc. Ss0)lh c*uc h3sc nch* sculh + *cbusc <nlbcus + dc un >cu/<n bun" $!ucnh phlh!rh), cu/<n ul% h* sculh3sh lbgb c sc+ s *uc u*ch.+ hns0hlscul h0b*2% c*uc h3sh c sh ss2hc3sc b*u +% 0ul3u0s*ch cC)*s0h + )*sn cu/<n c *hns)unc*c <n s)s*s : >cu/<n ul bun" nc ducc cu g<ndul lh >/cs ch cch bun+" $c hn#hclsc lh c hn#ctsu" g*. cuh##cls!n). Cnhlhg+% *hns2c* 0c bns0sc% hn s2*h.+ ls b sc+ c c% )*bccdcul lus G*hcs1n sc <nsc*sc 4s <n *"b cunbscu + *hds3sc dc nh u*hlss0 sbc*sc% h cs h + h < <n )sc u*+% c< 4s <n ls c*h u*+.
(B7
C!MSNCC70BR!#
bu.clc /b*bchsc+"3s dsn bcl4ugul sns0ss hlc: cunbhsc+"sc <n bh c 2hcul +3slc hlc /sgbh*ch )c ch*c" hu dbb<nds "b 0ul3u0s + hccs cs h*hnc du0nc.csc4 s.
MCDSTHSH 6' Ch s3% prs"c4ts pc D!"nul cu trsu"khl rh"ursl!r dc Unsc %%

PUNCTUL & lh sch0h cu0 scs ccs u0sls ch s+"& <n <0)snc )c u0slul Ssus: s+*hcss )c s+*hc: cb)sss )c ccl 0sc 4s ccs bl<n.s )c 0scl. Scs cu *h0u*s dc 0+slsn )*c.sc<nd )hcch 4s cu *h0u*s dc 2snsc bs*usn3h. Nu scs bbgh3ss )b)*s3s cu 2sh*c dc hu*: nscs *u2h4ss% ch*c"& hdb*+ )c sdblul dc4c* +csunss lb*: nscs <0busbh3ss% hl c+*b* .cu c )<n" ccul: hs 2cl <nc< u0slss s<n ccs cc )bh* + 2snscul 4s chsh* Cc*ul? <n snd 0hn sslc )c )+0<n ch s+ *chc+ Db0nul% c+cs <ndcbb4 c 0hs 0ul dhu lus Du0nc.cu )*sn s+*hc ccs cc hu 0hs )u3sn% sh* lu0ss ccs cc hu 0hs 0ul . <4s cb)lc4c4 c Db0nul lhudh cu glhsul cb)sslb*% ch*c% cu lh) clc )c bu.c% s)un hdc/+*ul% b3s 2bh* c dc)h* c dc lsngu4s*c: h4h <nc< b *su02ul hccs h hl lus C*ss bs c hlc+ us dsn u0slsn3+% s+*+csc% nc/snb/+3sc% chndbh*c 4s hdc/+*. B% u% su2lc c% ch*c *cbusc s+"& )*s0c4 s )c <nsu4s Db0nul <n )sc) ul +u% /c.s s"b 2hcs cu *su02 dc /s* u3sQ C+cs nu c s h*c 0hs )b *s/s + dcc< u0slsn3h H)bs blslb*% ss0)ls h ch uncs 0ul3s0s% bl<ndc3ch unus hns0hl% nc/snb/+3sh unb* cb)ss% s+*+csh unb* )csch*s% cu ss0)ls h ch unus Du0nc.cu <nb0cns . PUNCTUL 7 >Csnc"s hccs h cc /snc cu hlhs h < dc .gb0b bsO"% <n *chb+ *u2h4ss% sh* u0slss% cs% ch*c"& cunbsc 0hs bsnc% *+s)und? >Hccs h c Ssus dsn Nh.h*c ." H* *+s)undc dcs ul dhc+ h* s)unc 0<n us b* 4s
5&
C2. Mh cs% 7&%& 4s u*0.: Mhscu% &&%& 4s u*0.: Luch% &'%7' 4s u*0.: lbhn% &7% &7"&6: C1n h*ch C*nL, B%&9: )h*h2*h.c du)+ cC c dsn Ph/cl 4s Sshsh.
MCDS0HDSH 3;
(B6
<n2lb*s . R+s)und+ <ns+ P*b2c ul Rcgcsc 4s .sc+? >Hccs h ch*c /snc 4c.<nd )c un 0+g+*u4 cs c ccl *sdsch <n slh/+ )c h*s)slc hc*u/s0slb*." R+s)und+ 0s*chsh? >Hccs h% hlb cu nc/snb/+3sh lus 4s *u0cn cu subs*ch lus% cs c hlcsul dsn *c .ccs dc 0ss." Zsc+ Ph/cl? >Hccs h )c ch*c"& )*bsl+/csc )b)bh*clc cs c ccl hdb*h dc c+ *c cc clc <ngc*c4 s." #b*bchsc+ Sshsh? >Hccs h ch*c u0bl+ <ncbnDu*h dc cb)ss cs c Du0nc.cul B4 s*slb*." Dh*% b% u% su2lc c% <n *chb+? >Csnc bh*c c Db0nul hccs h ch*c h.s sn *+ <n hd<ncul )sc) ulus 0cu% *su02<nd hsu)*h sns0ss 0clcO" Hscul + cu0 <3s *+s)undc c*cdsn3h? >Ccl cc /snc <nchss <n *"b Bs sc c Du0nc.cul u*sh4 ch*c nu <ssch)c"n uns/c*s: ccl cc /snc sub /+lul hccsdcn clb* cs c bglsndh <n ch*c sc )*s/c4 c Th +l: ccl )c ch*c"& hdb*+ 2hcul +3slc hlc cs c ccl )c ch*c"& subcsc sc*h*hsslc h*s)h c." Dhc+ )b)bh*clc <l )*bsl+/csc h4h 2+*+ s+"& cunbhsc+% dhc+"& hclh0+ )*uncss% u% ch*c"& cunb4 s% cu cc 2hs sc chdc bh*c s+"& )*s0c4 sO Cu c< + s *+lucs*c s+"& h4c.s )c *bnul sns0ss hlcO PUNCTUL 6 Zgudushsc+"sc cc h ch bh +% unss hd0s*<nd *su02ul 4s hl3ss )*+.nusndu"&: .gudushsc+"3s"sc l+un *ul% sn clcc ul hd0s*c 4s /bsn3h h*d+: u0)lc"3s"sc sns0h dc bucu*sc 4s *+*unchss dc dusb4sc: scbh + s *sg+*s ls0bh 4s h)lhudc 0<snslc: dhc+ hcblb"s h*unch c 0hn sslc )c )+0<n % <n snsc 2sc hscs b+sc*slc sns0ss: hccsh 2lu u*+ *h0u*s dc 2snsc <n cununs% <nhl3+ u *h0u*slc dc 2snsc bs*us bh*c hlc )h s0slb* hlc <n2*<n c% *h0u*s hlc )+css l+un *scc: )*uncss 2*hgc.s )+*+schsc+ s<nss 0h0clb* 4s% cu ls0bs b<sgus bh*c% )*+.nushsc+"& )c C*ch b*ul lb*: lch)+d+ u s<nss 0c4 c*cs hlc 3+*<nh 4s 2blbsc4 c"3s bu.clc ch s+ c<n3s% .sc<nd? >Bsnccu/<n h 2ss% Rcgc 4s Db0n hl 0cu% ch*c /ss *su02<nd <n nu0clc Db0nulus: 2ss lh 2cl dc bsnc /cns <n *+*unchss 0cs% )c c< c4 s dc db*s <n sns0h 0ch: *su02+
hsu)*h su2lc ulus 0cu 4s u u*b* 2hcul +3slb* shlc% cbnshc*<ndu"lc 4s 0hs 0ul dc h.s <nhsn c h)lhud+*ss 4s sluDs*ss hlc." PUNCTUL ( Dh*% /hs% C*ss bs% du)+ cc"h 2bs h < dc hclh0h dc b3s% n"h 2bs dc ns0cns )*s0s . Nu s"h g+ss ns0cns ch*c s+"s b2c*c 0+ch* un unghc* <n chsh lus% 0+ch* b <0buc+ u*+ lh 0hsh lus: bh c h)lhu.clc s"hu *cdus lh /b*bc% n"hu *ccu lh 2h) c. Ccs cc l"hu <ncbnDu*h lh *su02 l"hu hbhndbnh lh nc/bsc: n"h 0hs h)+*u nscs un cb)sl% c+cs h4h dss)h*% <n *"b cls)s +% hh <*u*slc b0cnc4 s. Ssngu* c Db0nul <n chsh Th +lus% ch*c c )u*u*s dcschss+ 2sslb* s+s. B% cc bun )*slcD% su2lc c hl 0cu% ch s+ c h)*b)ss u 4s s+"s b2c*s s+lh4ul +u s+*0hnQ L"hs <n <0)snh cu h)lhu.c: 2ss s h b*nsc <ndh b*s b* cu cl% b2c*+"s chsh h% c+cs% ch Rcgc h < dc 0h*c% /h hducc cl 0<nch*ch 4s c /h h4c.h hl+ u*s dc cl 4s"n lbcul lh) clus dc )*unc lh ch*c"hs *cnun3h % <3s /h <n sndc /snul b+*bh3slb* )u c*nscs: gu*h cc s"h <nchss dcs2+ +*slb* )*b2hnc% dcschsd+"sc lhudclb* ds/snc: ls0bh cc"& 0+*s<nc+ u*0c.c s+"& )*ch0+*chsc+ 4s d*ch) h *ccunb4 sn3+ 2sc )c 0+su*h )l+cc*ss: nu 2s u dsn *c hccsh ch*c h.s <l <n <0)sn+ <n *su02 4s 0<snslc"& duc s+"& *+s sgnchsc+.
MCDSTHSH (9 Sc c!"phr !unh *nclsnhrc h lus S!hn 4s cch rch h lus Sudh lh csnh D!"nulus%:
PUNCTUL & #cs 0cds h c< dc *+u <nclsnh sbsc4 c Sudh lh S2<n h Cb0unsunc 4s c< dc bsnc )*cg+ s Sbhn: ncc*cdsncsbs hcclh 4s *+d+ b*% 0<nch*ch s"h <n b*s 0+*un hsclc )c dbs: Sbhn% uccnsc subs 4s c*cdsncsbs% 4s"b bdshnc4 c lh )sc) ul <n/+3+ b*ulus s+u. B*bs dc l+cb0sc% hcclh u0bl+ s+ lc /<nd+ dsh/blslb* )<snch <ngc*slb*: Sbhn% h cn 4s cu bchs dc /ul u*% <l )*s/c4 c cbn c0)l<ndu"& dc lh ccl 0hs bl<nd s<n: Sudh schs0b+ 0<nch*ch% )*c2+c<nd ccl 0hs ds/sn hh <* <n cch 0hs snu0hn+ nc*ccunb4 sn3h: Sbhn sc bdshnc4 c *c.c0h lh )sc) ul <n/+3+ b*ulus s+u. Cu0)+nc4 c dc c< c b*s hs /cns u lh S2<n h Cb0unsunc ch Sudh% c< dc *h* ch Sbhn. C< dc <0)+ s0s dc bunu*slc )+0<n c4 s% c< dc )sc*du dc Dbsnscclc dcs2+ +*sQ Cu *+dh*ch <n s<ngc% s+ schs0bs )c un sn c*cs Dbsnsc% )c b *+.bunh*c 0<*4h/+% )c b dcs2+ h*c 0u*dh*+% bbg+3sh Cc*u*slb*% Msclul lus Du0nc.cu% bucu"
57
C2. Mh cs% 7A% &5% 4s &$'.) Mhrcu, &(% &7"&6: Luch, 77%5 4s u*0.: S!hn, &6% &7"&6.
MCDS0HDSH <1
(BB
*sh <ngc*slb*. <n/h3+" c 0sn c dc"hcu0 <ncblb 4s s<*gusc4 c s+ /ss nu ch Sudh% )c*2sd% cs ch Sbhn% )*c3us b* hl hh <*u*slb* ds/snc% dbb<ndsnd 2c*scs*s 4s bucu*<ndu" c dc *+s)l+ s*s. PUNCTUL 7 Sudh h sc4s )c u4+ du)+ cc &"h <nchss )c Msclul lus Du0nc.cu <n *+*unchss s+s nc0slb4s: d+ un cc* )c un shd: nu sc bdshnc4 c ch Sbhn% )cn *u c+"n /sns nu"s bdshn+. Dc/cns % h4hdh*% dsn uccnsc *+s2+3h hl Db0nulus% c+)c cnsc h du40hnslb* hccs ush% )lchc+ dsn *c ccs 0hs buns )*sc cns 4s sc ducc lh nc)*sc cns: lh hsc0cnch cC *c0c hDungc csnc chdc dsn *"un 0h*c lbc <nhl . >Cc /*c3s s+"0s dh3s )cn *u b0ul hcclh = lc s)unc cl =% c+cs )c )u3sn /s"& /<ndO" s"s /b* 2s *+s)uns du40hnss? >Pcn *u c< 2hcc cl% lh b*scc )*c3 c scu0)." Cu0)+nc4 c hcu0 dss)*c3ul dc ncc*c.u )c ch*c"& nu *csc )+c+ b4ss 2h3+ dc Du0nc.cu: c< dc )u3sn )*c3uscsc cs bc0hs cc /hlb*ch.+ ccl 0hs 0ul : )*c2c*+ b dcs2+ h*c Dbsnsc+% un Bh*hbh <nsc0n<nd b u4s 0ul % 4s hs h sc"n <0)l+ .slnsc. <nchs)usc4 c"3s u% su2lc c% c+ c h)*b)ss dc Sudh 4s"s s)us? >#sndc"0s"l 0sc% /<n.+ b*ulc% c+ 3s"& /bs )l+ s cu su2lc ul 4s cu /sh3h% <3s /bs dh bh c c< c s<n 4s b cc s<n cu% )cn *u c+ c Du0nc.cul 0cu 4s bh c cclc hlc 0clc% 4s cu unul 4 su c< 2hcc 4s c< <0s c dc *cbusncsbs." Cu0)+*+"&% su2lc c% lh b*scc )*c3% 4s 0+n<nc+"& ch )c b )<snc dc cu0)+*h % c+ c 0hs gus bhs+% b*s dc 2u*h % c+ c 0hs dulcc% cs s hs% nu *cbusc s+"& cu0)c*s% 2ssndc+ 3s sc d+ g*h ss. #cns3s 4s cu0)+*h3s 2+*+ h*gsn3s 0<nch*ch cc n"h*c )*c3: dh* sh sch0h s+ n"b /sn.s cu0/h <n schs0bul )l+cc*slb*% 4s nu c <n bh*cc lh /+*s+ u*h )+ch clb* hlc. PUNCTUL 6 Cb0)h*+ hcu0 bun+ h ch sn2sns + h M<n us b*ulus cu cch 0hs 0h*c nclcgsus*c h lus Sudh% 0+*sns0sh sh cu sng*h s udsnch% bl<n"dc3ch cu s+lb+ scsh. Sudh /snc <n g*+dsnh c<nd/h dc 2lb*s% hcu0 dc s)sns% hDuns c+)c cnsc h c+l+slb*% 4s )*sn *c *+s% ccl 0hs *+u: sc h)*b)sc dc C*ss bs cu *u)ul%
dh* sc dc)+* ch.+ dc cl b 0hs 0ul cu duhul 4s% <n *u b ul nc*u4snh % )ccc lusc4 c chs)ul ds/sn cu bu.clc"s 0u*dh*c. B% *+u 2blbss bb*h.% )c ch*c <nDcsc <ngc*ss s+"& )*s/chsc+Q Nu"4s 2c*c4 c 2h3h dc cl csnc s"h 4s dh "b dc 0<nch*c: nu
c sc<*bs dc gu*h lus hcclh cc s s"h <nc*cdsn3h <n *+*unchs: bh chsh*% cu bun+ h ch unus 0scl% <s .scc >)*sc cnc": h* 2s dc"hDuns ch s+ <n0bhsc 4s un dsh0hn 4s dcs ul ch s+ u0hns.c.c 4s un sg*u% dh*. b% <0)sc *s*c dc )+c+ bs <nd<*Ds Q >P*sc cnc = .scc% =% )cn *u cc hs /cns O" Sudh n"h 4 su 4s nscs n"h h/u cc s+"s *+s)und+. R+s)undc"s u c<nd /ss s+ c cu0snccs% sh h0sn c cu0 c <n *chb+? >P*sc cnc% )cn *u cc /ss% ch s+ 0+ )*s0c4 s shu ch s+ 0+ /sn.sO #ss ch Sbhn ccl subs shu ch /<n.+ b*ul SudhO" Tu cc"s *+s)un.s bh*cO Cc"3s s)unc cugc ulO G<ndc4 c c+ hscs <n Bs sc ch 4s hcblb <n g*+dsn+ <l hs )c"hcclh4s Db0n 4s nu hDungs dbh* s+"& s+*u3s% cs 4s s1"& )*s0c4 s 4s s+"& 01n<ncs. #c.s s+ nu /ss cu du40+nsc% cs )lsn dc subs*c? nu ch s+"& )sc*.s% cs ch s+"& <nchs.s <n sns0h h: nu ch s+"s lcgs dc g*u0h. 4s dc 0<sns 2*<nghsh% cs lcg+ u*slc subs*ss. S<*gusc4 c s+ /ss cu b 0c hnsc )lsn+ dc d*hgbs c 4s cu b bucu*h*c c*cdsncsbhs+ ch s+"& )*s0c4 s 4s s1"& scs cu snc )c Msclul hccs h )*chbl<nd. PUNCTUL ( N"h hdus 0ul3u0s*s du)+ S2<n h Csn+ ccl cc h 0<nch nclcgsus . Cu0 s+ 2s 2bs *ccunbsc+ b* un 2+3h*nscO P<snch )*sc cnslb* h /<ndu "b cclb* 0hs *+s nc)*sc cns% cu hl c cu/sn c h h*unch "b c<snslb* u*bh3s% 0+*g+*s h*ul ccl 0hs )*c3sbs hns0hlclb* cclb* 0hs s)u*ch c. C <ns+ dc cu0)+ns undc h hDuns. Cl <nsu4s 4s"h dh )cdch)sh% dc/cnsndu"4s c+l+u hl *u)ulus% du)+ cc 4s"h 2bs c+l+u hl su2lc ulus. s"h scbs 0bh* ch dsn )<snch /sc3ss. s"h lc)+dh *+*unchss nccu*h3s ch )cdch)s+ )cn *u cb0unsunch lus nclcgsus +. Cugc + cu0 h 2bs )cdc)ss ccl dsn <s ch*c s"h cu0sncch <n chs) nc/*cdnsc. H )l+ s cu h0bclc /sc3s. Pcdch)sh lus 2sc"3s% h4hdh*% <n/+3h*c dc 0sn c. S<*gusc4 c s+ 2ss *ccunbsc+ b* ch s+ 2ss sc* h : dc.lcgc"3s"sc g< lcDul <n *u cu/cns clc lhudc% nu"3s *+0<n+"n .bsl3: bu.clc cc"hu )ccc lus bb*h.ul lus C*ss bs cu hdc/+*h c sc0nc dc )hcc dc.ls)chsc+"sc"n c<n +*s dc c/lh/sc *ccunbsc+ bh*c <n .suh"n ch*c c cu0snccs: nu dh nu0hsdcc< 2ugh h2h*+ cu Db0nul <n sns0+% )*ccu0 Sudh: lsns4 c4 c" c <n cbn c0)lh*c% )*ccu0 uccnscul ccl subs .
MCDS0HDSH <1
(B5
MCDSTHSH (& Ch s tc cu"snccs *ntr3unus dsn cpss!hdclc Sksntcl!r Phts"s%'

PUNCTUL & /ugc + cu0 C*ss bs Db0nul nbs *u% <n nbh) ch dc ncus h dsnhsn ch 0b*3ss shlc% g*sDulsu s+ *+0<n+ cu bh0cnss 4s db*nsc s+ )c*)c uc.c h0sn s*ch Ph s0slb* shlc% h g+ss 0sDlbcul dc h"4s 0ul3u0s 4s 0c0b*sh% 4s h2cc3sunch: 4s"h <n/c4nscs % h4hdh*% d*hgbs ch 4s du*c*ch <n hccs 0snunh Shc*h0cn % ch*c s+"s 2sc ccn *u hl subs*ss 4s 0c0b*shl hl Ph s0slb*. Lc cc*c% dh*% u u*b* cclb* ch*c"& )*s0csc s+ *c<nnbshsc+ h0sn s*ch subs*ss shlc )cn *u nbs 4s"n hcclh4s s0) )c cch h )+ s0s*ss shlc. #snb% dh*% u% ch*c *cbusc s+ c cu0snccs% 4s )*s0c4 c"&. <n *c db/c.s dc h2cc3sunc 4s du*c*s% )c Db0nul 4s Du0nc.cul +u <0)+* +4s : sh/u*ch.+"& d*cs <n chsnu*slc shlc )cn *u cch 0hs hlchs+ dcs2+ h*c h h% )*chdulcc <n h0+*+csuns% ccl 0hs sh/u*bs <n su2c*sn3c 4s cu c< 0hs <nDbss )cn *u snc% cu h < 0hs subs dc snc. Cbn c0)l+" & <n *"unus dsn c)ssbhdclc S2sn clb* shlc Ph s0s 4s )*s0c4 c"& c<nd ud<nd g*+dsnh cu s<ngclc% 4s su2lc ul +u cu hh*ul lus? c<nd )*sns% lcgh cu 2*<nghsslc c*udc hlc u*ss% )c lcg+ u*slc s *<nsc hlc subs*ss: c<nd ch 2lbh*c dc c<0) b2sls +% cu chs)u"s du0nc.cscsc <n*b4s dc )hl0c% )cn *u ch *hndh2s*ss bb*hDslb* s+"s *bnc.c hl+ u*s dc s)snss dc )c ch). Cbn c0)l+"& uncb*s lcgh dc un s <l)% hDuns un n!n plus ultrh hl d*hgbs cs 4s hl su2c*sn3cs% hl cb*s cu *u)ul s2<* cch dc bscc 4s *c/+*s<nd un hdc/+*h )b b) dc s<ngc sub 2u* unh ncc*u3+ bh*c h )+ch clb* hlc: c<nd huls dc bh0cns% cl% ccl db*s dc <ngc*s% hcb)c*s dc scus)+ u*s sc<*bbhsc% cl% bglsndh cch 2+*+ dc )h +% <n ch*c sc )*s/c4 c cu 0ul3u0s*c Th +l s+u ccl #c4nsc: c<nd )c u0c*s cu lc0nul c*ucss% duc<nd hsc0cnch lus Sshhc lc0nul )cn *u Dc* 2+: <n s2<*4s % *sdsch )c b c*ucc% cu b*h3clc )u*u*ch dcschssc )cn *u sc* h*c 4s )s*bns c )cn *u )cdch)s+: cu )scsbh*clc <n3c)cns c ch s+ c h4 c) c ncclsn s 4s <nclsn<nd ch)ul )cn *u ch nccbn cns s+ c chc0c. Hs 2cl% c<nd c /cs cu0sncch% /cs 2hcc b dusbhs+ )b0cns*c h P+ s0s*ss shlc cu0)ls c )*sn cb0)+ s0s*ch h cch subs bh*c.
56
C2. Mhtcs, 7A"75: Mhrcu, &("&B: Luch, 77"76: S!hn, &8"&'.
CUMSNCCTBRUL
PUNCTUL 7 <n c3c4 c"3s% h4hdh*% c*cdsn3h 4s <nhl3+"3s cbn c0)lh*ch% c+cs hcclh4s Du0nc.cu 4s Db0n% <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h ccl cc su2c*ch hcblb <n c)ssbdul hsu)*h c+*ush 0cds c.s% Cl <nsu4s <n )c*sbhn+ cs c hscs <n Shc*h0cn ul )c ch*c"& )*s0c4 s: )c hcclh4s Ssus% cb0bh*h h% ccl dc )c Gblgb h% <l 2c*ccs <n )sc) ul +u. Cugc +% h4hdh*% dhc+ c /cs 2s h2l<nd )*c.cn hcblb cu c*cdsn3h )c ch*c"b hs hcu0% cu cbn4 ssn3h )c ch*c"b dbb<ndc4 s% <n <0)*cDu*h*ch hsu)*h c+*csh 0cds c.s% <n c)ssbdul )c ch*c"& cbn c0)ls% cu cc subs*c c /cs h)*b)sh dc Db0nul +u% 2sc 4s c*bsndu"3s d*u0 )*sn *c c+l+ss ncb0cnb4sQ Cu c< + dusb4sc <s /cs /b*bsQ Cc /b*bc"s /cs s)uncQ Cu0 <l /cs <0b*+3s4hQ Cu0 <l /cs
cb0)+ s0s )cn *u b cc"h su2c*s Cl% 4s <nc+ dc d*hgul +uQ <l /cs b)lb4s lh s<nul +u 4s"& /cs luh cu snc% 2c*sndu"& dc s+lb+ scsh chsnu*slb* 4s <nc*cdsn3<ndu"& bdshncs dsn *+*unchss +s. B% su2lc c% dc /*c0c cc 4 ss% h4h cu0 c*c.s% c+ Db0nul hccs h c b unul cu hcclh% 2+ hscs hcclh4s luc*u )c ch*c l"hs 2hcc hcblb? /c.s c+ <nc+ hDungs lh s0). C<nd c cu0snccs% <nchs)usc4 c"3s c+ hDungs <n G*+dsn+ 4s c+"& 4 c*gs dc <0bcl4ugh h sudbh*c <ns<ngc*h + cu b+sc*slc sns0ss hlc% c+ c h)*b)ss dc s2<l) 4s"& dc.lcgs ch s+"& <nl+n3us cu b*h3clc hlc 4s s+"s <ng*sDc4 s *+nslc% )un<nd )c 2scch*c dsn *c clc c< c b 2*<n u*+ dsn sns0h h: sh sch0h c+"& s *<ngs lh s<n h4h <ncununh % chsh* dhc+ c <n3ch)+ s)snss% 4s c+"& h4c.s )c *bnul )sc) ulus +u% c+"& s *+0u3s dc )c b*h3clc C*ucss% dc ch*c h <*n+ h < dc chsnus % <n *+*unchss +s% ch <n *"<n4ss s+"4s h2lc bdshnh. Cu0sncc+" c b dh + <n G*+dsn+ 4s <nc+ b dh + lh S <l)? h.s )c uls3h H0+*+csunss% sh* 0<snc )c Gblgb h% <nsu2lc3sndu"3s c/lh/sh )*sn c*cdsn3+. PUNCTUL 6 B% c< hs 2s h)*ccsh )u sn3h dc"h hsss h lh bh c hcclc <ncc*c+*s s2<4sc bh*c hlc s.b+/s*ss hlcQ B% cu0 3s"hs 2s gus h 2c*scs*ch% 2sc 4s *udnsc+% dc h 2s 2bs dc 2h3+ lh bh c hcclc <0)*cDu*+*s <n ch*c Db0nul h su2c*s Q B% *c)c3s u dc 0ul c b*s% dc 0"h4 2s h2lh cu ss03s*ch dc hcu0 <n bh c c)ssbhdclc <ndu*c*h c hlc Ph s0slb*Q Cs bsnc% sh h0sn c c+ nu sbsc4 s <*.su% bh chsh* /ss lh s0): sh +"& hscs )c <nsu4s Db0nul ch*c su2c*ch hcblb 4s% chsh* dhc+ nu h)+sh dc du*c*s% <n2+3s4<ndu"3s"sc hs 2cl <nc< s+ 2ss cu)*sns dc 0sl+. s dhc+ hs 2s hcblb 4s l"hs /cdch <n hhsnh cch hlb+% c<nd b3s <s s *sghu
MCDSTHSH (7 (B'
>ncbunul"% u hs s)unc? >Nu c dcc< bunul 0cu subs ." s lh )bhlclc s <l)ulus% )*+bu4s % /+.<ndu"& cu0 sc *bs bgblc4 c <n b+l bhch )*b)*sulus s+u s<ngc% u 3s"hs <n sndc h01ndbu+ 0<snslc ch s+"& hDu3s s+ sc *sdscc% )c c<nd ccslhl3s% ch s+ chd+: dhc+ l"hs hu.s )c d*cg+ b* s)un<nd dsn *"un bhlcbn?% Jh +"& )c B0"% hs s *sgh 4s u% .sc<nd? >C cb0bh*h 0ch% Sb3ul% Subs ul% C*ch b*ul 4s Db0nul 0cu." s c<nd ns0cns nu"& /bsh 4s b3s <l d+dchu <n schs0bul lus Bh*hbh% u hs cCclh0h 4s"hs s)unc? >Cu unul <l subcsc% <l db*csc% dh3s"0s"& 0sc% c+cs hl 0cu c% Du0nc.cul 0cu 4s b cc h0 0hs scu0) )c lu0c." Cu0)+nc4 c c+ dhc+ hs h hs 2hcc"b h uncs 4s h4h 3s"hs )*c3us nb*bcul% bucu*+" c 4s 0ul3u0c4 c c+ h.s hs hDuns lh S2<n h Cb0unsunc: c+ dhc+ h uncs hs 2s hdus 0ul3u0s*s )cn *u c+ l"hs 2s )*s0s *+ns <n b*h3c% hdu"lc h.s 4s 0hs 0h*s )cn *u .c+ 3s l"hs )us <n )sc) % <0)+* +4s : dhc+ hs 2s sbcb s d*c) un 0h*c hh <* s+ c )b3s h)*b)sh cu 2c*/bh*c ch s+"s hdb*s *+nslc% *ccunbh4 c" c 4s 0hs 2h/b*s.h c+ hs hDuns s+ lc 01n<ncs: )*c3usc4 c c+% dc4s nu hs )*s0s <n b*h3c buchc3clul hcclh dc 0s* % hcu0 dh% 4s )c dc"h"n *cgul <n 0+*un hsclc hlc% nu dbh* s *<ns lh )sc) % cs chsh* <n+un *ul lus 4s )c dc)lsn uns cu sns0h h. <n 2clul hccs h )b3s /cns s+ c cu0snccs% )*s0sndu"& )c Db0nul% h.s <n *"un c)ssbd hl Ph s0slb* 4s 0<snc <n *"hl ul% c<nd )*sns% c<nd bscsus % scus)h % <ncununh cu s)sns% bh Dbcb*s % b+ u <n cusc% hd+)h cu 2sc*c% b0b*< 4s <ng*b)h <n 0b*0<n ul ccl nbu hl )sc) ulus +u.
MCDSTHSH (7 Ch s+ tc cu"snccs cu *n#dusnh dht Sksntulus T!"h dc3h htsn#c c!hsth lus Crsst!s (.
PUNCTUL & lh h0sn c cu0 hccs H)bs bl% )*sn csud+3cnsh sh% h )sc*du hh <*ul du0nc.cscsc hcb*dh <n *cgss bb4 s% c+cs hcclh ch*c sc <ndc)+* ch.+ dc b/+*+4sh cclb* buns *+0<nc ssngu* dc b . S"h <n0ush <n c*cdsn3+ 4s s"h *+cs <n d*hgbs c: dc lh *+cchl+ h *ccu nu0hsdcc< lh nc<nc*cdc*c% 2ssndc+ csnc nu c*c4 c <n /s* u c su c sc *bs bgblc4 c dsn /sn+ <n /sn+. Tb0h h b*bs lh su2lc 2ssndc+ n"h
5(
C2. S!hn, 79% 7("7'.
(A9 CUMSNCCTBRUL
/+.u Sbh*clc <n/sh <n *c *u0cnclslc s0)un+ bh*clb* lus *+ns. Lc"h +g+dus <n/+3+ b*ulus s+u 4s lc"h dcschss <n ssnc <nsu4s: c+u h 0<n"g<sc*c <n nb*bcul s+u bc*c% <n c*cdsn3h sh bch*c1% )cn *u 2h) ul dc"h nu sc 2s bucu*h dc /s.s h Db0nulus% <n <nc+)+3<nh*ch dc h"& +g+dus <n/sh . Cc *ch )b*ns*c h"& ssls )c C*ss bs s+"4s *c)c c hh <*u*slcQ Pu3sn u4u*ch.+ *+nslc csnc *c<nnbsc4 c hs 2cl du*c*slc 5B% nclu<nd sch0h c+ lc dcschsdc cu h < 0hs 0ul % cu c< 0hs 0ul lc +g+dusc4 c. B% su2lc c hl 0cu% cu0 sc 0hs sh lh"n *ccc*c nc)sb4cnsh h cu cch h lus Tb0h% dc n"b 2s 4s dc)+4snd" bQ Cc *ch <3s c )*cg+ s*ch ch s+ 0c*s3s hs +.s /s.s h Db0nulus% dhc+ hcblb <n/sh % hscs <0)+* +4s Q C<nd ccslhl3s sc bucu*+ dc *bhdclc )+css% u s +*us <n *+.bbsul cugc ulus. <n/sb*ch.+"3s c*cdsn3h% <nsu2lc3c4 c"3s n+dcDdch% h)*sndc d*hgbs ch <n *ug+csunch <n2l+c+*h +. PUNCTUL 7
Cb0)+ s0s b*% )c c< dc ncc*cdsncsbs Tb0h% lh ch)+ ul h b) .slc dc <ncc*ch*c% s)*c h"s )u*s2sch db*sn3clc% Db0nul bsnc/bsc4 c h"& 0slus dc hs + dh + <n b/+*+4sh 2*h3slb* s+s% c+cs )*ch )u3sn cbn ch.+ c+ u4slc hdun+*ss s<n <nchssc% dhc+ cclc hlc *+nslb* lus s<n h < dc dcschssc% sh* cbhs h lus chsh* lh*g. H)h*c <n 0sDlbcul H)bs blslb*% <n chs) dc ccn *u c+ *c ch*c *cbusc s+ 0ch*g+ b3s s)*c h"4s s h b*nscs sns0slc: 4s"h h3sn s bchss hsu)*h lus Tb0h% hdsc+ s s"h dcschss lus )c ccs hs su2lc ulus: <s )b*uncc4 c sh sc h)*b)sc% <n *uc< s)s*s ul <s c*h h < dc <nghc3h ch hl unush cc s + ch h < dc dc)h* c dc c+ldu*h"s du0nc.cshsc+: <s s)unc s+"4s <n snd+ 0<nh% sc0n c+ )c"h sh nu 4s"b luhsc dc b dc )c cl. >Punc dcgc ul = <s cc*c d<nsul s +*us b* = <n cbhs h 0ch 4s 2+"3s <ncc*ch*ch )<n+ c<nd hDungs lh sns0+% c+cs ch cu 2bcul cs <3s /h b)s ghch3h nc)sb4cnscs." Cu0)+nc4 c 0h*ch 0slbs s/s*c h M<n us b*ulus% ch*c% ch s+ 0<n ushsc+ un su2lc % h* hccc) h <nc+ b dh + *+nslc% sh* h.s% ch s+ /sndccc )c un H)bs bl% 4s lc *c<nnbsc4 c: lus Tb0h% cclus <nghc3h % s lc b2c*+% <n s0) cc Mhgdhlcncs% cclcs <n2l+c+*h c% s lc *c2u.+% c+cs bl<ndc3slc s<n )cn *u ccs slhbs% )c c<nd <ncc*c+*slc )cn *u ccs h*s.
5B
rc*nn!sc4tc... durcrslc6 Hlu.sc lh un cclcb*u lbc /s*gslshn% dc/cns lbc cb0un <n ls c*h u*slc cu*b)cnc hlc Rcnh4 c*ss 4s Bh*bculus? >Sn2hndu0% *cgsnh% Dubcs *cnb/h*c dblb*c0"% Cnc*dh, SS% 6 ;>Dsdb% u cc*s b"nnbs*c ncs)usulus /hsc* hl nbs *u"% *hd. Cb4bucE. MCDSTHSH (7 (A&
Sh h0sn c% su2lc c% c+ )c C*ss bs <nsu4s glb*sbs *+ns <l hs <n+un *ul hccs cs Bs ss: hscul + cc"3s s)unc? >H)*b)sc" c dc 0snc% )*s0c4 c"0+ 4s h sngc"0+% cs nu cu dcgc clc% cs cu bu.clc hlc: nu cu 0<nh cch g*bsblhn+% cs cu ls0bh cch cu* cns bh*c% cu sns0h h cch <nh0b*h +: cc*ul gu*ss hlc <ncc*cc gus ul hccs b* *+ns% ls)c4" c"3s bu.clc <nsc h c dc s./b*ul cbhs cs 0clc dcschssc: sc ch db*u*slb* hlc s sng+" sc <n hccs s./b* dc 0<ng<sc*s." <n/sb*ch.+"3s c*cdsn3h 4s )*c3usc4 c"3s 2c*scs*ch% c+cs dhc+ Tb0h h hDuns s+ )un+ dcgc ul <n cbhs h Db0nulus% hscs C*ss bsul b sc s *+0u + <n )sc) ul +u: nu )sc*dc )*slcDul% h sngc"s bh c *+nslc% )*c3usnd hsc0cnch hh <*u*s )*s/slcgsh c. PUNCTUL 6 Dhc+ Tb0h h h sns )sh *h% )c C*ss bs% cu 2sc*ul ncc*cdsn3cs shlc% h 3<4ns 2bc <n sns0+ 4s lu0sn+ <n bchs? s"h dcschss )c ccs hs *u)ulus ch s+ /hd+ *+nslc 4s )c ccs hs su2lc ulus ch s+ 0+* u*sschsc+ du0nc.cs*ch. #+.<ndu"& )c C*ss bs )*c2+cu <n *+ns )cn *u lccus*ch lus% cl sc )*c2hcc <n gu*s <n *u 0+* u*sss*ch lus C*ss bs 4s% cCclh0<nd% s)unc? >Db0nul 0cu 4s Du0nc.cul 0cu% 0+ )*cdhu: 0s"hs cucc*s sns0h cu *+nslc hlc 4s .sc c+ Tu c4 s Db0nul 0cu% Du0nc.cul 0cu% Rcgclc 0cu% h/u ul 4s bh + 0ul3u0s*ch 0ch? Du0nc.cul 0cu 4s bh c hlc 0clc% c+cs <n Tsnc sc cu)*sndc b ul." Cu0)+nc4 c hcu0h c+ dhc+ Tb0h nu0hs h sng<nd *hnh dsn cbhs h Db0nulus h *+0hs 0ul3u0s % schs0bh 4s <n2l+c+*h dc c/lh/sc% u% ch*c l"hs h sns )c b % c<nd l"hs )*s0s % c< dc <n2l+c+*h 4s c< dc schs0bh h* *cbus s+ *+0<s% )+ *uns )c dc"h"n *cgul <n Du0nc.cu% dc /*c0c cc Du0nc.cu h )+ *uns )c dc"h"n *cgul <n snc: 0+* u*ssc4 c"& d*c) Db0nul +u% Du0nc.cul% C*ch b*ul% S.b+/s b*ul% <ncc)u ul% 0sDlbcul 4s s2<*4s ul +u: h/u ul +u 4s unsc ccn *u hl db*sn3clb* hlc. PUNCTUL ( Cu c< + bun+/bs*c 4s dc c< c b*s nu s"h* <n bh*cc Tb0h s+ sc bucu*c dc *+nslc hcclch s0)un+ bh*c% dhc+ s"h* 2s <ng+dus Q Cc <nsc h h* sb*bs sh*+4s dsn hcclc s./bh*c ncscch c hlc 0<ng<sc*ss 4s d*hgbs csQ Su2lc c% 3sc <3s cs c *c.c*/h hccs hh2<* dcbscbs : 0c*gs lh S2<n h Cb0unsunc hs +.s 4s 0<snc 4s"n 2scch*c .s% c+ c h4 ch) + Db0nul?
CUMSNCCTBRUL
/bsc4 c s+ 2ss hs 2cl 2c*scs du)+ cu0 )b3s. Tb0h h *+0hs ncs)us dc *ccunbsc+ b* )cn *u b 0slbs cnsc h < dc dcbscbs +: chsh* cl% ch*c"s cbn *h.scch )c b3s% ncc*cdsncsbs% 0+* u*ssc4 c <0)*cun+ cu b3s% c*cdsncsbs: lc cc*c hDu b*ul ch s+ 0ul3u0chsc+% )*ccu0 <nhsn c ch s+ c*chd+: <4s )*b)unc s+ 0+* u*sschsc+ )<n+ lh 0bh* c% 2sc 4s cu )*c3ul b h < b* *+ns c< c hcclch )c ch*c lc"h hdb*h . S<*gusc4 c u s+ 2ss *ccunbsc+ b* ch Tb0h% bh chsh* cu h < 0hs 0ul % cu c< c4 s 0hs <ndh b*h : 2+" c nu0hs gu*s <n *u lhudh ch 4s <n *u )*s0s*ch lus 4s% )cn *u un Db0n ch*c 3s"h dcschss lh*g cbhs h 4s *+*unchss s+s% dc.ls)c4 c"3s 4s u bu.clc% scbh c"3s 4s u sns0h b)s +% 2sc )c gu*+. <n chs) dc bshnhlc% 2sc )c bchs <n chs) dc dusb4ss.
MCDSTHSH (6 (A6
MCDSTHSH (6
m
Dcsprc !spul ccl!r d!s uccnscs lh C"hus, ch s3s prs"c4ts pc D!"nul ch dru"c%&
PUNCTUL & #cs cbn c0)lh cu0 hcc4 s dbs dsscs)bls% dc4s )u3sn )*bbhbsl hdunh3s <n nu0clc.Db0nulus% <s scs cu*<nd <n
chlc% <n *uc< cbn/b*bs*ch dcs)*c Du0nc.cu c 0b0chlh cc"s h *hgc. Mc*gchu /b*bsnd dcs)*c Ph s0slc shlc% 4s% hs 2cl% *c)cdc l"hu h *hs <n cbn/c*sh3sh lb*% 0u.sch cch 0hs dulcc )c ch*c s"b )b 2hcc 3s c*clc dsn Cc*. Cc *+u )*cg+ s3s <s g+sc4 c )cn *u h lc <0)+* +4s hh <*u*slc shlc% h*c <ndc)+* h3s dc ClQ Db0nul <ns+% 0slbs s/% sc h)*b)sc dc cs: cs 2ug% sh* Cl <s chu +: <s /cdc *+cs3s <n c*cdsn3+% dcc+.u3s <n s)c*hn3+% nc)+s+ b*s <n subs*c% dh* cu /b*bclc shlc dc /sh3+ lc <nc+l.c4 c *c) h sns0slc% <nsu2lc3sndu"lc nc<nc*cdc*ch shu snsu2l<ndu"lc /sh3+ nbu+. Sh h0sn c% su2lc c% c+ )c Db0nul <nsu4s <l <n <lnc4 s h.s )c d*u0ul /sc3ss hlc 0bh* c: dhc+ hcblb d*u0c3% hscs )cs c 2s*c: dhc+ hcblb sub hcb)c*+0<n ul uncs )clc*snc% hscs sub hccsdcn clc uncs )<sns: dhc+ hcblb <n *chc+ % hscs s h b*nsc. Cc dcscu*hDh )u*cc.s )c d*u0ul /s* u3ss% cc nc)+s+ b* <n sluDbh lus Du0nc.cuQ H)*b)sc" c% h4hdh*% dc Db0nul hccs h <n *ug+csunc% )cn *u ch sub s0bbldul sns)s*h3sslb* shlc s+ 3s sc"h)*snd+"n )sc) 2bcul c/lh/scs: /b*bc4 c dcs)*c """""""""""""
5A
C2. Luch% 7(% &6"6B.
Du0nc.cu <n .suh c<nd c4 s cu Du0nc.cu: <n gu*h cc h*c h"& g+.dus )c Ssus nu *cbusc s+ sn *c ns0sc hl cc/h: ch s+ nu scbh + nscs b /b*b+ hl h dcc< dcs)*c Du0nc.cu% /b*bh cc *cbusc s+ )*s0chsc+ cu/<n ul du0nc.cscsc% 4s cu h)h gu*ss 2ccsb*clnsc+ /sn+ s+ gus c )<snch 4s /snul .+0ssls c <n 2ccsb*sc. PUNCTUL 7 s cs sc h)*b)sc dc sh ul C0hus% 3sn h 2ugss lb*? Db0nul sc )*c2hcc c+ )lchc+ 0hs dc)h* c% dc4s 0hs dcg*hb+ s"h* )l+cch s+ *+0<n+: /*ch ch cs s+"& b)*chsc+ cu db*u*s 4s s+"& <ndh b*c.c cu *ug+0sn3s: cl% ch*c lh <ncc)u h /cns lh cs dc bun+ /bsc% /*ch s+ 2sc *ugh b dh + cu )*b)+4s*ch /s* u3ss% ch 0h0h cc"4s bblsg+ cb)slul sh 0ch*g+ 4s"& lhs+ h)bs ssngu* )cn *u ch cl s+"4s lc)cdc 2*sch: 4s dhc+"& /+d h < dc b0cncsc% dc4s c*h ccl 0hs du0nc.cscsc% <l *bhg+ s+ .+bb/chsc+: nu"& )b2 csc% du)+ bbsccsul lu0ss% dc 2b*0+% cs s +*us b*% ch s+"& <ndu)lccc: cl lc *+s)undc c+ h*c d*u0 lung dc 2+cu % c+cs )lcc<nd dc lh un su2lc % 0ul sc <ndc)+* ch.+? dss hn3h ch*c c <n *c /sn+ 4s Du0nc.cu. H cn3sc% su2lc c% c+ *ccc Ms*clc Ds/sn c+ *c hl clc 0hs nb*bcbhsc dcc< snc% )cn *u c+ 0hs <n2l+c+*h c? c nc/bsc s+"& *bgs h < h c< s+"& b)*c4 s. Dhc+ uccnscss hcc4 sh% 2+*+ h"& cunbh4 c% <l )*c3uscsc h < h% u% ch*c )*sn c*cdsn3+ 4 ss csnc cs c% s<*gusc4 c s+"s 2hcs )*s0s*c s+*b+ b*chsc+: cs 4s"& <nchs)uscsc s *+sn% u <l 4 ss dc"hl +u: *bhg+"& s+ sn *c nu dbh* sub un hcb)c*s4 cu snc% cs chsh* <nl+un *ul )sc) ulus +u: )b2 c4 c"&% c+cs )<n+ lh u*0+ b ul /h 2s )c chcl ushlh lus% <n *uc< cl /h hducc 0<nch*ch% sh* u )b2 h% dbb<ndsnd /sh3h cch /c4nsc+. PUNCTUL 6 Lcsnc h bsnc/bs Db0nul% c+cs h*c 0ul <s )lhcc s+ s ch cu 2sss bh0cnslb*: sc h4ch.+ lh 0hs+ 4s C*ss bs lh 0sDlbc% dcb)b *s/+ cu cs <n bucu*h*c 4s hh <*: <s dhu )<snch <n 0<sns% cu bun+ ns0c*s*c% 2ssndc+ b dchunh )*sn clc s"h dbb<nds : <4s /b* 2s <n+l3h bchss lh cc*% ch s+ 2sc )<snc cu bchs55% 4s <nc+ du0nc.csc4 s% 4s lh 2*<ngc*ch
(%
p*snc cu !chs6 Hdsc+ >)<snc cu g+u*s" shu >bchsu*s"% cu0 sc s)unc 4s <n *b01nc4 c. Ph*h2*h.+ cu Dbc dc cu/sn c subscc/cn = 0b s/ )cn *u ch*c b )+s *+0 du)+ b .schl+ cbnsc0nh + dc Cb**chs ?D!ch!ulhrs! dc Rckrhncs, cd.Lbuss Cb0bc % &'A8% ). (B'E? >Phn 2bn bCbs% s 2csb ssn bCbs% s /snb 2c shl c h lbs bCbs" ;>P<snc cu bchsu*s Hg+u*sP% 4s b*<n.+ 2+*+ g+u*s% 4s /sn ch*c sc u*c+ lh ch)"E. (A(
CUMSNCCTBRUL
cs ls s"hu dcschss hs lb* 4s l"hu cunbscu d*c) <n/+3+ b*% dh* <n cls)+ h 4s dss)+*u % c+cs <n /sh3h hcchs h c 2ulgc* hcclh ch*c <n cch /c4nsc+ cs c Sbh*c dc lu0sn+ 4s 0<ng<sc*c? s"h l+sh cu dulcch3+ )c bu.c% <nlbcus b* <n ls)sh lus *+0<n<nd )<snch cch 0snunh +% s"h l+sh sn/sdsb4s )c nb*bcul dc h"& 2s cunbscu <nhsn c 4s db*s b*s dc h sc bucu*h dc Cl 4s dc h"s 2s hcb*dh *+nslc sl+/s c 4s h"s 2s s *<ns lh )sc) )scsbh*clc. B% <n cc <0b*+3s4+*s s"h* 2s )*sns s+"& 2s cu)*sns% dhc+ l"h* 2s cunbscu Q Sh sch0h c+ )c Db0nul <nsu4s <l hs <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h hscs. )c 0hsh Hl h*ulus: Cl 2*<ngc 4s <0)h* c )<snch cc*chsc+: nu )*cgc h s+"3s *ccunb4 s 2c*scs*ch% c+cs /h 2s <*.su c<nd <3s /cs *ch0sn s 4s c /cs ncc+Ds c+ nu hs dbb<nds "b <nhsn c: h)*b)sc" c dc Db0nul% c+ nu 3s sc /h 2hcc nc/+.u ch uccnscslb*% dcbh*ccc <l 3snc" n c0ns3h subs*ch. Bucu*+" c dc )*c.cn3h lus du0nc.cshsc+ 4s *u)chsc+% hdb*+"s )scsbh*clc s *+)unsc% s+*u + *+nslc sl+/s dc 2*u0bhsc: )c snc c h4 ch) +% )cn *u snc sc b)*c4 c% s0) 4s lbc <3s d+ ch s+"& cbn c0)ls% s+"& subc4 s 4s s+"& 0+n<ncs. PUNCTUL ( Ccs dbs uccnscs n"hu *+0hs nscs 0<hns3s% nscs bucu*b4s% 2c*scs*ch dc h"& 2s /+.u )c <n/+3+ b*ul lb* schs0b<ndu"ls"sc <n *ss c3ch dc h"& 2s )sc*du h < dc su c: 0hs *c)cdc )lcch % s)unchu cs% dcc< h2lh : cu0)+nchu cu )*c3us*c hh2<*ul cc ls=& 2+cusc 4s *c)c hu <n/+3+ u*slc )c ch*c ls lc d+dusc: 4s"hu 0ss us sns0slc <n d*hgbs c c<nd s"h dus% 4s ls0bslc <n *ccunb4 sn3+ c<nd s"h <n b*s: /b* 2s *clh h dc 0ul c b*s <n cu/sn c h)+sh c cclc s)usc dc d<nsul 4s lc /b* 2s cu0)+ns c2schcs h ch 4s luc*+*slc: 0hs )*csus dc b*scc% bun+/bsn3h du0nc.cshsc+ h chs)ulus s+u: sc 2clscs hu )cn *u 2c*scs*ch lb*% sh* Db0nulus <s hducchu 0ul3u0s*s )cn *u 0slbs cnsh sh: nu /b* 2s ns0c*s s+ /b*bchsc+ dcs)*c hl cc/h /*c0c dc 0ul c .slc% bh chsh* /b* 2s *c)h*cu*s hcclh4s d*u0% *ccunbsc<nd u*0clc <n/+3+ b*ulus lb*% 3sn<ndu"sc dc cclc hlc S2sn cs shlc Lcgs. S"hu <n b*s hcblb undc c*hu H)bs blss% <0)+* +4sndu"lc dsn 2c*scs*ch lb*% 4s 4s"hu *c<nnbs sh ss2hc3sh. <n/h3+% su2lc c% s+ hducs 0ul3u0s*s Ds/snulus +u <n/+3+ b* <n .suh <n ch*c c h4c.s lh 0hsh lus: dcschsdc"3s
bu.clc <n *u lhudc% )*ccu0 4s bchss <n *u cunb4 sn3+: sh sch0h s+ nu dh b*c.s nc")sb4cnscs hlc 2c*scs*ch dc h"& 2s cunbscu 0hs <nhsn c: /*c0c dc
MCDSTHSH ((
(AB
0ul c .slc n"h* *cbus s+ /b*bc4 s dcs)*c hl cc/h% l+s<ndu"3s ls0bh s+ b *chc+ dc lh gus ul dsn 0+schuh h lh )l+cc*ch dsn cc*ul gu*ss58.
MCDSTHSH (( Ch s3% prs"c4ts pc D!"nul *"prcun cu Mh#dhlcnh, ch pc Grdsnhrul suklctulus tu(2

PUNCTUL & #cs 0cds h c< dc <ng*sDb*h + b )b*nc4 c Mhgdhlcnh dss"dc"ds"0snch3+ <n c+u h*ch unus Sbh*c ccls)sh . H )us d*hgbs ch s +)<ns*c )c ch 4s nu"s 0hs d+ bdshn+: nu 0hs 4 sc dc ssnc% c bh + <n *u Ssus ccl subs % nu undc"s bh c% cs undc"s h*dc sns0h. Cch 0hs hh*nsc+ 0s*chs+ lhs+"n g*hb+ )h ul% dh* cc"s dc 0s*h*c c+ nu"s chs) s+ dbh*0+ dc /*c0c cc nu"s chs) s+ *+shsc+O N"b )bh c lsns4 s nscs b c*ch u*+ h2lh + dsncblb dc ccn *ul C*ch b*ulus lb*% dh*% /hs% cu0 s+ *+shsc+ csnc/h ch*c"4s /cdc /sh3h 0bh* +% c+cs nu )cn *u ch s"h s)us? >Pcn *u 0b*3s 4s du4s subs*slc nu"s"89% sh* db/c.slc dc h2cc3sunc hlc cclus cc subc4 c cu hdc/+*h *cc dsncblb dc 0bh* c: *+ns + dc d*hgbs ch ds/sn+ 4s 0bh* + dc du*c*c% 0c*gc ch <ns+4s s+ sc"ng*bh)c <n 0b*0<n ul Subs ulus cs. Cu0)+nc4 c cc bun+ c b hsc0cnch )*cg+ s*c cu *ug+csuns 4s /cghc*s% cu lhc*s0s 4s sus)snc% ch s+ g+sc4 s )c un Db0n ch*c h 0u*s dc d*hgbs c 4s *+sc4 c dsn db/c.s dc h2cc3sunc. Plchc+ hs +.s <n .b*s% su2lc c hh*nsc% <n c+u h*ch hcclush4s Db0n% ch*c hcblb 4s"h )us lh <ncc*ch*c db/c.slc dc h2cc3sunc ch s+ c subchsc+ 4s s+ c bc*b chsc+ )c snc: nu"& c+u h sub hcb)c*+0<n ul uncs lcs)c.s% cs
58
...ccrul #urss6 Hl cCc0)lu dc *chlss0 2s.sblbgsc <n <ncc*ch*ch dc h sugc*h )*bccsul su)*hscnssbsl hl *hnssubs hn3sc*ss. Cunbscu c 0hnc/*c )bs "0hs sch b*ss dc/sn su)b* ul uncs /c*s hbslc *hnsc 0c h2s.scc. Dc *c0h*ch c+ hsc0cnch hlc"gb*s.+*s 2s.sblbgscc dc"h d*c) ul 4bchn c% dh* cC)lschbslc <n s)h3sul cs c scss hss)hnscc% h)h* nu0hs <n cch dc"h dbuh scc/cn3+ h )unc ulus (% hdsc+ lh <nchcsc*ch hc ulus sngc*+*ss S2sn cs H*hnc.
5' 89
C2. S!hn, 79% &&"&8. ...su!srslc nu3s6 Ph*h2*h.h*c h )*b/c*bulus >H 0uc* bs ! h sdbs% nb hh! h0sgbs".
(AA CUMSNCCTBRUL MCDSTHSH (( (A5
sub hl uncs Bs ss: nu <n *c gsulgsu*s hlc 0b*3ss% cs <n *c hccsdcn c hlc /sc3ss. Pl<ngc"3s g*c4clslc 4s sus)sn+ du)+ hh <*u*slc shlc 4s"3s /cs dbb<nds *+s)lh h db*sn3clb*. PUNCTUL 7 Db0nul% h *hs hcu0 nu dc 2sh*clc uncs )+c+ bhsc% cs dc hu*ul unus <nd*+gbs s % s sc b2c*+% )l+ snd cu hh <*u*s db/c.slc dc h2cc3sunc h < dc )u c*nscc% s sc h*h + <n hhsnc dc g*+dsnh*% ch un Ssus <n2lb*s % /*ch s+ culchg+ *bhdclc dc /s* u3s hlc hcclb* 2lb*s dc db*u*s? b"n *chb+ dc cc )l<ngc 4s )c csnc chu +% dc4s 4 sc h < dc bsnc c+ Cl <nsu4s cs c chu.h% dh* sc ss0 c sl+/s c<nd b hudc *clh <ndu"4s su2c*sn3h. Ch <s *+s)undc% ch 4s cu0 h* 2s dc lh ssnc <n3clcs% c*c.<nd c+ b3s hu hcclh4s g<nd ch 4s ch% 4s nu sc <n4hl+% 2ssndc+ lh cc hl cc/h c )b3s g<nds dhc+ nu lh Du0nc.cu shu /b*bs dcs)*c hl cc/h dhc+ nu dcs)*c Du0nc.cuO Nu s)unc c+ c <n c+u h*ch unus 0b* % c+cs 0b*s 4s nu0hs dhc+"3s <ncbl3c4 c g<ndul hccs h? >D+"0s"& <nh)bs = .scc ch = 4s nu c 0s*h c+ nu 0+ <ns)+s0<n % c+cs dhc+ )u c*slc"0s ls)scsc% <0s )*ssbsc4 c cu*hDul: nu <nch)c <ng*b.s*c undc cs c subs*c": Db0nul h0<n+ s+ sc dch )c 2h3+ dbh* ch s"b hud+ cu0 <4s <n0ul3c4 c db*u*slc. Su2lc c% sh h0sn c c+ hscs <l hs )c Db0nul <nsu4s% )c G*+dsnh*ul su2lc clb*% ch*c lc s *b)c4 c cu s<ngclc s+u: c hscs dc 2h3+ sub 0hsch hccsdcn clb* )<snss 4s"3s hscul + <nd*+gbs s clc db/c.s dc h2cc3sunc: dhc+ <ns+ subs*ch <l hscundc% dcscb)c*c"& c*cdsn3h h% sh* dhc+ Mhgdhlcnh h h/u dc g<nd s+ 4s"& sh <n2+4u*h <n gsulgsu% u sh"3s"& <0)+* +4s . PUNCTUL 6 Bucu*bs c+ b /+.usc s *b)sndu"s )cn *u h dbuh bh*+ +l)slc cu s./bh*clc bchslb* cs% /+.<ndu"4s *hndh2s*ss *+nslb* )c*lh3s cu 0+*g+*s h*clc unus )l<ns h < dc <0bcl4ugh % du0nc.cscscul g*+dsnh* Nh.h*snchn s sc h*h +% nu0snd"b )c nu0clc cs? >M+*sh"% .scc% sh* ch <n cls)+% )*ccu0 b bhsc <nc+ nu )sc*du +% *ccunbh4 c glhsul bsnc g+ss ulus cs P+s b*: s"h s)us )c nu0c cu h < h bl<ndc3c% <nc< d<nsh s"h )u u cunbh4 c 0h*ch 0slbs cnsc: s s"h h*unch )lsn+ dc subs*c lh )scsbh*c% ccn *u 4 su hl <nclsnh3scs cs% 4s dhc+ hl +dh + h c+.u sub )b/h*h )+ch clb*% dc hs + dh + sub cch h subs*ss cs: s"h n+)us s ch b hh*nsc+ hlbsnu3+ c+ *c 0s*chs0h *1s)<nds + dc *+nslc"s <n2lb" *s c% cs Db0nul h b)*s "b% .sc<nd? >Nu c h)*b)sh% nu 0+ h sngc% c+cs <nc+ nu 0"h0 sus lh Th +l 0cu: *+0<n+ )cn *u snc su2c*sn3clc% )+s *h c 2sc )cn *u Th +l 0cu sl+/s*slc: )cn *u snc s)snss% )cn *u Cl *hndh2s*ss 0s*cs0h3s." B% su2lc c hl 0cu% *ccunbh4 c"3s hscs 2c*scs*ch 4s s *+dusc4 c" c s"b )*c3usc D s% dcbh*ccc Db0nul hccs h nu nu0hs c+ nu"3s )b*uncc4 c s+ c *c *hgs )*cchu % cs s+ c h)*b)ss subs b*: dhc+ Mhgdh"lcncs <4s hscundc *+nslc% )c snc c <0bsc lh clc% nu dbh* ch s+ lc h sngs% cs ch s+ lc 0+n<ncs: hu.s cu0 c chch0+ )c nu0clc +u% cu hsc0cnch /+ds*s dc bun+/bsn3+% <nc< bun+ h ch lus s+ c h *hg+: dhc+ 0+*c3sh lus c s2sc4 c% nu )sc*dc )*slcDul
cu0sncc+*ss% c+cs /c4nscsh bh + /cs Dsndus du)+ ch: h*unc+" c lh )scsbh*clc lus% s *<ngc lh )sc) *+nslc <n2lb*s c% 4s dsn clc 3<4ns"/b*% <n lbc dc s<ngc% 0sc*c )*chdulcc )c ch*c s+ b 0+n<ncs% ncc h* cc*csc )c ch*c s+"& sb*bs 4s cu ch*c s+ c nu *c4 s. PUNCTUL ( Dsn )*c2c*h +% Mhgdhlcnh h dc/cns *ccunbsc+ bh*c 4s% nc0hs"<nc+)<ndu"s sns0h"n )sc) dc 0ul3u0s*c% 0c*gc s+ 4s"b <0)+* +4chsc+ 4s H)bs blslb*% db*nsc+ dc hDu b*ul lb* ch s+ hduc+ 0ul3u0s*s 4s s+ sh/u*c.c hh <*u*slc: sc bucu*+ <0)*cun+ cu cs nu )cn *u b ssngu*+ d*hh0+ g+ss +% cs )cn *u csncs8&% 4s <nc+ h < dc )*c3sbhsc% <nc< 2scch*c /hlb*ch.+ un Cc*: 4s nu sc /h 2s 0ul3u0s cu h < h% cs /h 2s )b2 s 4s cc clc cc*c4 s )cn *u ch clc% cu ls0bslc lb* su)c*sbh*c% s+ b hDu c h"4s s)b*s lhudclc du0nc.csc4 s% s)*c h 0c*s h s+ lc hscul3s bh + /sh3h c<n +*slc dc *ccunb4 sn3+. Cu0)+nc4 c c+ dhc+ Mhgdhlcnh% )cn *u b ssngu*+ dh + c<nd h hDuns s+ /hd+ *+nslc hcclch glb*sbhsc% 2+*+ h lc h sngc 0+ch*: s+ lc )*s/chsc+% 2+*+ 0+ch* h lc s+*u h% <n b3s hnss /sc3ss cs% .s dc .s <n *c cc clc <nh*s)h c% 4s b <4s )*bsl+/c4 c 2c*scs*ch% h uncs u% su2lc c hl 0cu% ch*c nu dbh* b dh +% cs dc h < ch b*s 4s"n h <3sh hns% .s dc .s% cbn snus s+"& )*s0c4 s )c Db0nul <n *cg% nu dbh* s+"s s+*u3s *+nslc% cs s+ s lc 0+n<ncs% /c.s c< c4 s dc dh b* s+ *c)c3s <n 2scch*c cchs 4s"n 2scch*c cls)+ 0ul3u0s*slc cu/cns c. S<*gushsc+ <n cb* bh c 2hcul +3slc hlc )*ch0+*snd 4s h*+ <ndu"4s *ccunb4 sn3h )cn *u hh <*u*s h < dc ncbbs4nus c% *c/c*sc bu.clc hlc c+ *c hccs c *+ns dulcch3h )c ch*c h su) "b sns0h h.
8&
csncs6 Hlu.sc lh cclc csncs *+ns hlc lus Ssus *+lsgns .
MCDSTHSH (B Ch s3% prs"c4ts pc D!"nul ch pc Rc#c, Msrc, Mcdsc, Cpsthn, 8udcct!r, Pst!r 4s *n t!r
ccs c 4h) c 0cds h3ss% s *<nsc hscs lh un lbc% bbs4nush s+ lc *c)c c /cnc*h ul )+*sn c K*hncsscb dc Bb*Dh87% ch )*cb % <n cclc 4h) c .slc hlc s+) +0<nss% .slnsc c< c unh% 4s b h4h lc /cs )u ch )*hc sch 4s u: sh* )c c<nd nu c*h <nc+ shcc*db % sc cu0sncch du0snsch% 2blbssnd cclc *cs .slc )*cccdcn c ch s+ sc )*cg+ chsc+% 4s cclc *cs .slc dc du)+ hccch ch s+ hduc+ 0ul3u0s*s 4s s+ culchg+ *bhdc. PUNCTUL & Mcds h"/cs c<nd /h 2s s+"& )*s0c4 s )c Db0nul ch )c un Rcgc% cc 0h*c 2hs hs )*c/cdch dhc+ h* 2s s+"& g+.dusc4 s <n chsh h )c Rcgclc lbculus: cs bsnc% cu c< 0hs 0h*s )*cg+ s*s *cbusc s+ 2hcs ch s+" & )*s0c4 s )c ccl hl Cc*ulus% 4s nu <n chsh% cs <n )sc) ul +uO Sh* dc"& )*s0c4 s ch )c Ms*clc ds/sn% ch + s+"3s <0)bdbbc4 s su2lc ul cu clcghn3h hh*ulus 4s cu gsu/hsc*clc scu0)c hlc /s* u3slb*. Dc"& )*s0c4 s ch )c un Mcdsc% db*sndu"& cu b h < h h*dbh*c c< + nc/bsc hs dc cl% du*c*slc hlc s+"3s *c.chsc+ g<ndul c+ 4s Cl h su2c*s )cn *u snc 4s h b+u h0h*h cu*+3cnsc dc 2sc*c 4s b3c % ch s+ c /sndccc dc bblslc g*clc )c ch*c 3s lc"hu )*scsnus )l+cc*slc. Dhc+ c C+)s hn% <n *chgh h /sh3+ 2ssnd 0sls3sc86% <n*blch.+" c sub s chgu*slc shlc% chch0+"& <n hDu b* c<nd c /c.s hscdsh dc du40hns h < dc c*u.s. Dhc+ c Judcc+ b*% <ndc)+* ch.+ dc lh sns0h h b*scc /sn+ ch*c h* hducc h sngc*c d*c) +3ss bchslb* s+s ds/sns. Dhc+ P+s b*% s *sg+"& cu bch+s u*s dc sus)snc% 2sc ch s+ c scbh + dsn g< lcDul lu)ulus sn2c*nhl% 2sc ch s+ c )hsc+ )c )l+cu clc
87
1rhncssc! dc B!r7h6 K*hncssc Bb*gsh% sc.us ;&B&9"&B57E% s2<n b*sgsnh* dsn su0b*h 2h0slsc Bb*gsh% nc)b hP )h)cs dc *ss + h0sn s*c HlcChnd*u hl #l"lch Bb*gsh. Du)+ 0bh* ch sb3scs shlc% h *cnun3h lh h/c*c 4s lh bh c )*c*bgh s/clc dc nbbsl 4s /scc*cgc hl Ch hlbnscs% sn *<nd <n b*dsnul sc.us % hl c+*us gcnc*hl h/ch s+ dc/sn+. Cs c hdcscb*s cs h cu /cnc*h3sc dc c+ *c G*hcs1n. L sh... "slssc6 C2. Br., &6.
MCDS0HDSH <5
(A'
)+4uns udh c chsh* cu s<ngclc lus. Dhc+ <n/+3+ b*% *ccunbh4 c"3s 0hs <n <s nc4 ssn3clc 4s s0)lb*+"& ch% dc /*c0c cc cs c <n3clc)csunc sn2sns +% s+ c <n/c3c hcch 0h*c 4 ssn3+ h cunbh4 c*ss% subs*ss 4s sluDs*ss shlc. Sh + )*cg+ s*ch )cn *u 2scch*c dsn hccs c 4h) c 0cds h3ss. PUNCTUL 7 Sh h0sn c c+ Rcgclc hccs h su)*c0 sc h)*b)sc dc )b*3slc su2lc ulus +u% 4s hnu0c dc bu.c: /snc cu bun+ h c? shs+"s <n <n <0")snh*c cu 0+*c3sc su2lc ul +u: cc*c"s 0slbs cnss% <n *uc< csnc sc d+*usc )c ssnc <nsu4s nu /h )u ch s+"3s *c2u.c ns0sch: sbsc4 c hcu0 ssngu*ul subs hl sns0ss hlc? shs+% dh*% s+" & )*s0chsc+ <n *+*unchs <n *c subs*s 4s db/c.s dc h2cc3sunc. Hcu0 sc"nhl3+ Mcdscul ds/sn% ch*c c s+n+ h ch% dbc b*sh 4s /csclsh bblnh/slb*% 4s cl h <ndu*h ccl dsn <s du*c*slc? <n2+3s4ch.+"3s"lc unh c< c unh 4s cc*c"s lchcul )cn *u bh c. s sc 4s s/c4 c /s ch.ul C+)s hn l<ng+ )sc) ? )*cd+"s chs clul su2lc ulus +u% nu c )*c2hcc )u c*nsc <n sl+bscsunslc hlc. Hcu0h"3s cc*c sbcb chlh nc<ndu)lcch ul Judcc+ b*? h*unc+"s" c lh )scsbh*c% 0+* u*sssndu"3s cu u0slsn3+ /snslc cclc g*clc 4s /cs dbb<nds sc* h*c. Tc chu + hcu0h P+s b*ul ccl Bun? hu.s"s 2lusc*+ u*slc 0slbs s/c% u*0ch.+"& cu d*hg 4s sh dsn 0<nh lus )<snch cc*chsc+. Hcu0 sc"h4h.+ lh ch cd*h sns0ss hlc Ds/snul <n/+3+ b*? hscul +"& cu luh*c"
h0sn c 4s 2ss <0)+ s0s du)+ <n/+3+ u*h sh cch hdc/+*h +. PUNCTUL 6 Bucu*+" c dc hh <*ul )c ch*c 3s"& 2hcc 0h*clc <0)+*h : sh sch0h c+ c )c c< dc dh*nsc% )c"h < h dc )u c*nsc: <n/h3+ s+"s cc*s hcclush ch*c db*c4 c s+"3s dch% c+cs Cl )bh c 4s /*ch s+"3s dch. Unc4 c" c% su2lc c% cu <nd*+gbs s ul +u Ms*c 4s% dc /*c0c cc cl 3s"h dcschss *+*unchss lus% )*s0c4 c"& 4s u <n *"hs +s: 0ul c *+ns s"hs )*scsnus % /cs scbh c )*sn *+ns db/c.slc lus dc h2cc3sunc: nu0c4 c"& /sh3h h% dc /*c0c cc )c"h lus 4s"h )sc*du "b ch s+ c subchsc+. Kblbsc4 c lchcu*slc )c ch*c 3s lc hducc 0h*clc Mcdsc% 2+c<nd dbc b*sc chsh* dsn ch*nch 4s s<ngclc lus: Cl s"h s<ngc*h )cn *u s+n+ h ch h 4s h 0u*s ch s+"3s dch 3sc /sh3+. U*0ch.+"& )c C+)s hnul +u% c+cs Cl 0c*gc <n 2*un c <n bh c b+ +lsslc: nu"3s /h ls)ss )<snch% dcbh*ccc Cl 3s sc d+*usc )c ssnc ch h*hn+: lu) + cu cu*hD% c+cs )*s0s"/h Cl
470 CUMSNCCTBRUL
*+nslc <n lbcul +u: nu"s hbhndbnh s sndh*dul )<n+ cc nu bb3ss /sc b*sh. Hscul +% su2lc c% 4s h)lchc+"3s u*cchch lh un <n/+3+ b* h < dc <n3clc) % c+cs Cl c <n3clc)csunch Th +lus: 3s sc d+ ch h*hn+ ch s+ <n/c3s 0hs bsnc% h4h cu0 cb)slulus s sc dhu ls c*clc dc .hh+* ch s+ lc <n/c3c cu )l+cc*c: sc /b* <nsu4s cu s<ngc% dh* nu cu hl +u% cs cu hl <n/+3+ b*ulus <nsu4s% c+cs Cl h su)b* h bscclc )cn *u lcc3sh )c ch*c u n"hs 4 su "b. Cc Dus s2sc+*s <s )*c.sn3s unus Judcc+ b* h < dc 0slbs s/% ch*c h /*u s+ 2sc bs<nds )cn *u g*c4clslc hlcO s ccl ch*c n"h cb0ss nscs un )+ch 4s n"h )u* h h0+gs*c <n gu*+ h )l+ s )cn *u *+u h ch h: cc*c"s 0slbs s/s*c 4s 2+g+dusc4 c"s b 0h*c <nd*c) h*c: nu"3s /h cbn2ssch bunu*slc% cs% ds0)b *s/+% 3s sc d+ )c Ssnc ch h*hn+% ch s+ hs cc 0<nch. Hl+ u*+" c u*0cs P+s b*ulus +u cclus Bun% ch*c"3s c b dchunh nu *c3 dcs2+ + b*? Cl s"h cC)us )cn *u snc lu)slb* ch*ns/b*s% ch*c s"hu <0busbh dsn s<ngclc lus )<n+ lh ul s0h )sc+ u*+% sc0n c+ nu"s 0c*ccnh*: c scbh c lh )+scu chsh* <n *+*unchss s+s 4s c ducc )c u0c*s lh s <nh dsn Cc*ul s+u. PUNCTUL ( Kss *ccunbsc+ b* )c 0+su*h unus Rcgc h < dc gcnc*bs% sh* 0slbs s/s*slc *+0<n+ lcgh c <n bblsgh3ss /c4nscc dc h"& sluDs. Bucu"*+" c du)+ )lhc dc hh <*u*slc Ms*clus +u 4s s<*gusc4 c s+"s )+s *c.s c*cdsn3+% c+cs <n Dbc c nu 0hs )u3sn dcc< /sh3h h% 4s <nc+ cch /c4nsc+. Pl+ c4 c cu db/c.s dc *ccunb4 sn3+ dbc b*sslc h < dc cbs sss bh*c 4s )+s *ch.+ gu*h dclscsslb* hlc ch s"b 2blbsc4 s <n *u lhudclc lus. Hud+ Bhcsul Cc*csc bch+s u*slc 0ul3u0s*ss hlc <n chs) dc lhudc% sh* C+)s hnul +u h)lhu.clc )cn *u *su02ul lus. R+sunc b/h3sslc )cn *u <n3clc) ul +u <n/+3+ b*% sh* cch 0hs ssgu*+ cc* s2sch*c h <n/+3+ u*ss lus s+ 2sc )unc*ch cs <n luc*h*c <n *u 2blbsul +u. <n2+3s4ch.+"s bl<ndulus Judcc+ b* sns0h h h*s)h +% )c c< dc *ccunbsc+ bh*c )cn *u 0slh lus% )c"h < dc )bc+s + dc sc+lb4sh h: *ccunbh4 c c+ *+sc4 s dh b*s + lus 4s c+ dbh* )*sn hh <*ul lus nu c 0ss us )*c2+cu <n +csunc /c4nsc hl shdulus.
MCDSTHSH (A (5&
MCDSTHSH (A Ch s3% prs"c4ts pc D!"nul ch pc Crcht!rul, S0! st!rul 4s Sl st!rul 4s ssn#urul Bsnckct!r hl tu
PUNCTUL & /ugc + lh csnc 4s"h )*s0s b h/u ul dc lh hl ul% cu c< + d*hgbs c <l )*s0c4 c c<nd sc"n <0)l+ s+"s chlcc )*hgul chscs: <s )unc lh )scsbh*c b cc h*c% c+cs 4 sc c+ b ul s"h /cns dsn 0<nh lus: b ul <s )h*c )u3sn 2h3+ dc 0ul ul )c ch*c s"& dh b*ch.+% nu su2c*+ dsn )*scsn+ c+ ccch cc h )*s0s nu c 0hs 0ul % cs c+ nu"& )bh c sluDs cu 0hs 0ul : <l 0+* u*ssc4 c d*c) bsnc2+c+ b*ul s+u% d*c) ccl cc &"h 2+cu )c*sbhn+% 4s"& )unc 0hs )*csus dc )*b)*sul s+u c*c4 c )c hcclh cc &"h *sdsch dsn )ulbc*ch 3+*<nss. B% u% ch*c c cu0snccsQ Csnc bh*c c Db0nul )c ch*c"& g+.du"sc4 s hs +.s <n )sc) ul +uO G<ndc4 c c+"s dh b*c.s b cc c4 s. Cl c"h scbs dsn ns0sc% ch s+ 2ss 0ul % dcbh*ccc c"h 2+cu : nu"& )*s0c4 s <n chs+ s *+sn+% c+cs h du*h "b Cl% cu 0<snslc lus: Cl <3s d+ /sh3h% 2blbsc4 c"b <n *u sluDs*ch lus: Cl <3s d+ su2lc ul% 2blbsc4 c"& ch s+"& subc4 s )c Cl: )*s0c4 c"& ch )c ssngu*ul +u bsnc2+c+ b*% dcschsdc bchss c*cdsn3cs 4s /cdch"/cs <n hcchs + Bs sc )c Db0nul ch*c c"h c*cscu : )unc"3s"& <n )sc) ul +u ch*c% dsn 0ss dc )*scsns% <s c dh b*h lus: )unc"& <n *+*unchss +s% dcbh*ccc s<n hs lus: sn clcc ul +u cunbhsc+ hl cus cs c% sh* /bsn3h <nd*+gchsc+ un scb) cc"s cs c 4s bb<*4sc. Mhs )*csus dc b*scc% *u4snc.c"3s"sc sns0h c+ h )*c2+cu <n uncl c hlc b2cnscs lus )c hcclch cc"hu 2bs dh*u*s hlc 0+*sns0scs% hh <*u*s hlc sn2sns cs lus bsnc2hcc*s. PUNCTUL 7 Pu3sn c s+"3s dhs /sh3h )cn *u csnc/h: 0ul % dh% s+ 3s"b dhs )cn *u cl% s+ 0b*s )cn *u ch cl s+ *+shsc+% 4s chsh* hs h c )u3sn: cul0ch unus bsnc2+c+ b* hDungc )<n+ hcblb% <nc< s+ 0bh*+ chsh* )cn *u hcclh ch*c"& ucsdc% s+"& s.b+/chsc+ )c hcclh ch*c"& /sndc 4s s+"& *+scu0)c*c )c"hcclh ch*c"& cu0)+*+. S"h 0hs /+.u bh*c b hsc0cnch
cul0c h subs*ssO Nu c cu )u sn3+ dcc< <n *"un Du0nc.cu <nd*+gbs s .

472 CUMSNCCTBRUL
B0ulc% )cn *u snc h 0u*s % )cn *u snc% ch*c l"hs b2cnsh h < h: Db0nul% )cn *u un *bb sc+lbs hl Sh hncs. Sh sch0h cc cC *c0c? Du0nc.cu 4s s+ 0bh*+% /sh3+ 4s 0bh* c% 4s bc0hs )cn *u snc% un /sc*0c /*cdnsc dc dss)*c3Q H <ng+dus s+ 2sc bc+*< ch s+ c csns chsc+ )c snc% s+ 2sc scus)h ch s+ 2ss u s)+lh % h 2bs )us <n *<ndul hb3slb* hcclh ch*c lc d+ hb3slb* Ph*hdssul 4s 3sc 3s sc d+ )c ssnc <nsu4s <n Shc*h0cn : h /*u s+ )sh*d+ b ul ch s+ c c<4 sgc )c snc? h/c*c% /sh3+% *c)u h3sc% )<n+ hcblb <nc< s+ 0bh*+ gbl )c un s <l). Hccs Subs ds/sn hl sns0ss hlc h* 2s )u u ncg*c4s s+ chu c hl lchc )cn *u lccus*ch h% &"h hlcs <ns+ )c ccl 0hs cbs sss b* s)*c h"4s h*+ h cch 0hs 0h*c d*hgbs c? n"h /*u s+ sc s)un+ c+ d<*.cnsh sh h* 2s )u u 2s 0hs 0h*c% c+ h* 2s )u u 2hcc 0hs 0ul 8(. S"h /+.u )+*+ss dc Th +l s+u dbh* ch s+ nu )+*+schsc+ cl b bsh + 2ssn3+ *ccunbsc+ bh*c dc ch*c sc <nd*+gbs ssc. P*s0c4 c"&% dh*% <n hcchs + Cb0unsunc dc h.s% ch )c S.b+/s b*ul su2lc ulus +u% ch )c M<n us" b*ul /sc3ss hlc: b2c*+"s b cc hs% h/c*c% *c)u h3sc 4s /sh3+% hcclush ch*c 4s"h dh "b ccl dsn <s )c"h lus )cn *u snc: g+.dusc4 c"& lh snc <n )sc) )c"hcclh cc 4s"h s)sn cch cbhs h ch s+ c )un+ <n *"<nsul: u0)lc"3s gu*h dc s<ngclc )*c3sbs hl hcclush cc n"h h/u )h* c dc nscs b )sc+ u*+ dc h)+ <n 0h*ch"s sc c: <ndulcc4 c"3s bu.clc cu *u)ul cclus cc 4s"h ss03s gu*h h0+*< + cu 2sc*c 4s% dc /*c0c cc Db0nul n"h us h ns0sc dsn cc )u ch 2hcc )cn *u snc% nu l+sh nscs u ns0sc dsn cc"hs )u ch 2hcc <n s2<n h"s sluDb+. PUNCTUL 6 P*s0c4 c"& hcu0 ch )c /c4nscul +u sl+/s b*% ccch cc <nsch0n+ s+ dcs+/<*4c4 s bh c 0slbs s/s*slc lus 4s s+ c <ncununc.s cu 0slus*s. Mh*c hh <* h 2bs c+ c"h c*ch dsn ns0sc% 4s 0hs 0h*c c+ c"h s.b+/s cu b cc h/ch: c+ c"h 2+cu c*c4 sn ch blsc% <n s0) cc )*sn *c ncc*cdsncsb4s s"h )us )c hl3ss ch*c l"h* 2s sluDs 0ul 0hs bsnc dhc+ l"h* 2s cunbscu : c+ c"h *+bdh h < dc )+c+ bs% )c c<nd hl3ss cu 0hs 0sc+ /sn+ s<n +csuns <n 2l+c+*slc /c4nscc: c+ c"h dc./snb/+3s 4s h*+ns cu *u)ul 4s s<ngclc lus: 0h*s s<n bh c hccs c hh 1*u*s% /*cdnscc dc bh + *ccunb4 sn3h 4s cunb4 sn3h% dh* ccl cc lc <ncununch.+ )c bh c
8(
Ul s0clc dbu+ 2*h.c sn *bduc% <n 0bd su*)*sn.+ b* )cn *u un cs s b* ncs)hnsbl% b h*gu0cn h3sc dc cscn3+ )u* lbchlss +% s)hnsbl+% dcclhn4<nd b cb0)c s3sc 0c h2s.sc+ )c c*cnul 2*shbsl 4s dclsch hl *c)u h3scs $h!nsh) 4s hl b)snscs cclb*lhl3s ;%%N"h /*u s+ sc s)un+..."E. Mhs Dbs% lh <ncc)u ul )unc ul 6% <4s 2hcc h)h*s3sh% cu cblb*h u*h cCcluss/ss + h c)bcss% 4Ds /s.sunch b*gblsbs ch blsc+? >Tc"h 2+cu c*c4 sn ch blsc". MCDSTHSH (5 473
cs c c+ c"h )*cdcs snh slh/cs shlc% h4h cu0 c*c.s <n ch% 4s c+ b s+ c *sdscc <n slh/+% h4h cu0 n+d+Ddusc4 s: )*s0c4 c"& dccs ch )c su)*c0ul +u scb)% c+cs Cl <3s cs c hl2h 4s b0cgh: Cl <3s cs c )b)hs hl )c*cg*sn+*slb*% bdshn+ h 0uncslb*% )b* hl 0<n us*ss 4s ccn *u hl 2c*scs*ss hlc. <n c3c4 c"3s c*cdsn3h% c+cs )c hcclh4s )c ch*c hs s+"& /c.s 4s dc ch*c hs s+ c bucu*s <n cc*% )c Db0nul hccs h <nsu4s% <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h <l )+s *c.s <nchss <n )sc) ul +u% ch .+lbg hl slh/cs. PUNCTUL ( Nu0chsc+"sc hccs )*chdu0nc.cscsc Shc*h0cn Cuhh*ss sh% ccch cc /*ch s+ .sc+ bun+ 0ul3u0s*c% dcbh*ccc dh*ul 2+cu nbu+ dc Db0nul 2ssnd ncs2<*4s % sc s0)unc nccbn cns h cC)*s0h*c h *ccunb4 sn3cs dsn )h* ch cclus cc sc cu0sncc+: nu cCss + hl 0bd dc h"& *cs s us du)+ cc"& )*s0c4 s b dh + dcc< s+"& 0hs )*s0c4 s <nc+ b dh +? hcchs h c cch 0hs 0h*c cC)*cssc h *ccunb4 sn3cs: 4s nu c hl + chlc ch s+ c hchs3s dc"h < ch 0slbs s/s*s% dcc< s+" & )*s0c4 s cu /*cdnscsc 4s s+ c cu0snccs% Pb s* )cn *u Pb s*% 4s s+ )l+ c4 s lcg+0sn clc c+ *c Db0nul )*sn h)lhu.c )ublscc% <n 2h3h <n *cgulus s+u )b)b*% 4s nu *+0<nc hl cc/h dcc< b 0bh* c )*c3sbhs+ <n *u Db0nul% du)+ cc l"hs )*s0s % c+cs c un chs) 0+*c3 dc"h 0ul3u0s )cn *u un 0h*c dh* hl lus Du0nc.cu dhc+ )*s0c4 s <nc+ unul. Tc g+sc4 s <ncch <n bsnc2hcc*s% <nchc+" c% dh*% <n s<ngclc lus? 0ul3u"0s"/cs h4h cu0 *cbusc% dhc+ subc4 s h4h cu0 cunb4 s. <n 2clul hccs h )u ch"/cs s+ c cu0snccs <n *c)c h c *<ndu*s% )*s0sndu"& )c Db0nul <n *"b .s ch )c C*ch b*ul% 4s"n hl h ch )c S.b+/s b*ul +u: dhc+ h.s ch )c dc./snb/+3s b*ul% 0<snc ch )c sl+/s b*ul +u.
MCDSTHSH (5 Ch s tc cu"snccs *n t!htc sr!t!rslc D!"nulus

PUNCTUL & Cu0)+nc4 c c< dc 0h*c 3s"h* 2s 2bs 2c*scs*ch dhc+ hs 2s 2bs dc 2h3+ cu c*cdsn3h cc"b dbb<ndc4 s lh hsnh hsu)*h c+*csh 0cds c.s. Cu c< + c/lh/sc c"hs )*cg+ s 4s cu c< + bucu*sc hs hsss hQ C+cs dhc+ c"h* *c.s <ngc*ul <n nbh) ch cch /bsbhs+ h nh4 c*ss% cu c< + s<*gusn3+ c"hs sculh% cu c< d*hg hs dh 2ugh s+ c bucu*s dc
474 CUMSNCCTBRUL MCDSTHSH (5 (5B
P*uncul Du0nc.cu n+scu Q Cu0 hs )*sndc )*slcDul dc h"& /cdch 4s cbn c0)lh <n2+4h <n scu ccc )c" hcclh ch*c nu <nch)c"n cc*u*s: culch )c )hsc. )c"hcclh ch*c s + <n *c )cnc dc hc*u/s0s% )l<ng<nd bucu*sh <ngc*slb*Q s dc .suh T+sc*ss"<0)*cDu*% cu0 /cs <nsb3s cu lhc*s0slc hlc )scu*ss lus dc s<ngc: cu c< + 0<ng<sc*c c /cs bucu*h dc *+s s0)ul dc Cc* dc )c Thbb*% cu0 /cs 0<ncch <n ds0snch3h <n/sc*ss <n b/+*+4sh )c*lh cs hu*b*c /s*gsnhlc% ch s+ /c.s *+s+*snd sbh*clc glb*sbs <n *c *u0cnclslc /bsbhsc hlc *+nslb* shlcQ Cu cc cu*+3sc c/lh/sbhs+ c"hs <nh*0h ch s+ u*cs )c 0un c <n .suh
*su02+ bh*cs <n+l3+*s h Db0nulus 4s cu0 c"h* 0hs )u* h sns0h du)+ ssnc <n ccn *ul cc*csc: cu c< + <nc<n h*c hs )*b2s h dc bh c hccs c )*slcDu*s: cu c< + <n2l+c+*h*c hs hsss h lh bh c hccs c hsncQ <n c3c4 c"3s. dh*% c*cdsn3h 4s )*scc)c c+ hcclh4s Db0n% <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h % )c ch*c l"hs /cdch 4s dc ch*c c"hs bucu*h hcblb% )c Cl <nsu4s <n )c*sbhn+ <l hs hscs. <n hccs )*chs2<n Shc*h0cn % 4s dhc+ hcblb <n *"b scslc% hscs <n Hl h*: dhc+ hcblb <n2+4h <n scu ccc% hscs <n *c hccsdcn c: hcblb g*+un c <n )hsc% hscs 0<nc<ndu"3s"& <0)+* +4s : dhc+ )c Thbb* l"hs /cdch <n/c40<n h <n .+)hd+% hscs <0b*+ch <n hlbs0c: dhc+ lh <n+l3h*c 3s l"h* hcb)c*s un nb*% hscs 3s"& hscundc b Bs sc. S<*gusc4 c s+ c )*cg+ c4 s cu hccch4s c/lh/sc% dcbh*ccc *chls h ch c hccch4s: <n c3chsc+"3s"sc c*cdsn3h 4s 3s sc /h *c.s ss03s*ch: c*chsc+% h4hdh*% <n snc <n2l+c+*h*ch )c 0+su*h 2c*scs*ss hlc. PUNCTUL 7 Cu0)+nc4 c cu cc dusb4sc bucu*bhs+ hs sn *h <n S hulul dsn Bc lcc0% )c c< dc gbl dc 0bbslc scu0)c% )c"h < dc )lsn dc 0<n"g<sc*s. Cu c< + /cnc*h3sc d*+g+s bhs+ c"hs h)*b)sh dc scslc 4s"hs 2s <ndusb4h dc Du0nc.cul <nb0cns : cu c< + g*sD+ s"hs s h <n )*chD0+: cu c< + h2cc3sunc c"hs bucu*h dc clQ s nc0ul3u0sndu" c s+"& )*s/c4 s% c"hs h)*b)sh ch s+"& h sngs 4s s+"& <0b*+3s4c.s% )*unc gsngh4% sh* u <ndusb4h . <n c3c4 c"3s% dh*% c*cdsn3h% <nsu2lc3c4 c"3s <nc*cdc*ch 0blc4s + 4s h)*b)sc" c h.s% dhc+ nu dc scslc% dc Hl h*. Nu c 0ul3u0s s+"& s+*u3s 4s s+"& s *<ngs <n b*h3c% cs s+"& 0+n<ncs. Sn2+4u*+"& <n bhsc*slc sns0ss 4s s *<ngc"& chsh* <nl+un *ul )sc) ulus +u: dhc+ lh T+sc*ch"<0)*cDu* l"hs /cdch /+*s<nd )c*lc <n lhc*s0s 4s *ubsnc <n s<ngc% *+scu0)+*h*c )*c3sbhs+ h su2lc ulus +u% cu0 c"h* 0hs cu)*sndc 0slhQ K+*+ <ndbshl+ c+ hcch sns0+% ch*c <n *ccc dsh0hn ul <n +*sc% s"h* <n0ush dc s<ngclc Msclu4clulus *+ns % )<n+
c<nd s"h* dss slh <n 2*<n u*s )*sn bchs. Culcgc h.s nu dbh* c< c/h )sc+ u*s dsn s<ngclc lus% ch h uncs% cs )c b <n sns0h h% 4s dhc+ hcblb <ncc*cs s+"& lsns4 c4 s% s *<ng<ndu"& lh )sc) % )unc"3s"& hs +.s chsh* <n cl. Dhc+ )c Thbb* hs lc4snh c<nd l"hs /cdch Sbh*c hl 2*u0usc3ss 4s ccl 0ul l"hs )*s/s dc dc)h* c% cbn c0)l+"& h.s dc h)*bh)c: 2sc )sc) ul +u un Thbb*% sh* sns0h h Cb* ul% cCclh0<nd cu S2<n ul Pc *u? >Dbh0nc% hscs s<n c0 <n *"hdc/+*% Tu <n 0snc 4s cu <n Tsnc." Hscs <3s s + lh dss)b.s3sc <n/sh : /snb% <n b/+*+4sh Mhscss Kccsbh*c% s+ c bucu*s dc *hndh2s*ss 0s*cs0h3s hs *+nslb* shlc% s+ *ccunb4 s% )*sn +sc u*slc 2sc*ulus <n ch*nc% hd<ncu*slc du0"nc.cs*ss% 4s nu"3s <ng+dusc dbh* s+"& h sngs 4s s+"& hdb*s% cs 4s s+"& )us <n )sc) ul +u. B)*c4 c"& hscs% lh 2cl dc sl+/s cu0 sc"n+l3h lh Cc*% 4s cbndu"& <n sns0h h% c+cs nu 3s sc /h s+l+4lus ch hcblb% cs"3s /h sn *h"n *+*unchs *su02+ b*: 2sc"3s )sc) ul un cc*% *c.c4 c"3s c*cdsn3h 4s /cs <0)*bs)+ h sh/u*h*ch u u*b* hccs b* hsnc% c+cs h uncs c<nd c cu0snccs% )c Db0nul <nsu4s% <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h % <l hs hscs% <n bc0hs cu0 l"hs /cdch 4s c" hs bucu*h dc Cl <n bh c hccs c <0)*cDu*+*s. PUNCTUL 6 S<*gusc4 c s+ scb3s )*sn hcchs + Cb0unsunc bh c 2blbhsclc )c ch*c lc"hs scbh c dhc+ c"hs h2lh dc 2h3+ lh hsnh cclcb*h + 4s% dc /*c0c cc"& hs )c hcclh4s Db0n% <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h % )c ch*c l"hs h/ch hcblb% cc*c"s hcclch4s 0slbs cnss: <n/h3+ s+ cc*s cus 4 sc h < dc bsnc s+ dch. Cu cc h0sn s*c hs *+0<nc dhc+ l"hs /cdch )c Du0nc.cul 4s Db0nul +u 4s c"hs bucu*h dc Cl <n b*sch*c dsn *c hsnclc hccs chQ Ksc"3s% )*sn u*0h*c% lh 2cl dc 0h*c bucu*sh% dc /*c0c cc 0h*c <3s c 2c*scs*ch. Cc n"hs 2hcc h uncs ch s+ 3s"b )b/cs c4 sO H*h +"3s *ccunb4 sn3h hcu0% c+cs nu 3s"c s0)us+ +cc*ch% ch H)bs blslb* )c 0un clc Thbb*% cs <3s c chc0h + c/lh/sh <n *u lhudclc ds/snc. >Cc s+"s dhu cu Db0nulus = s)unch P*b2c ul *cgc = <n schs0bul h < b* 0slbs cnssO" Pb s* )cn *u Pb s*% 2sc hcchs + Cb0unsunc 0ul3u0s*c )cn *u cch *ccu +% h4h cu0 hccch h 2bs b*<ndus*c )cn *u hcchs h. Csnc"h* 2s <n s h*c s+ c scbh + dsn s hul% b dh + <n+un *u cu )+s b*ssO Csnc bh*c s+ c cbbbh*c dc )c 0un c cu uccnscssO Csnc s+ c duc+ dc lh 0b*0<n cu M+*sslcO Hscs hs bh c hccs ch <n Hl h*% 4s chsh* 0hs h)*bh)c% hdsc+ <n )sc) ul +u: lsns4 c4 c" c <n 0cds h3sc 4s s +*usc <n *u l+udh*ch 4s )*bsl+/s*ch Db0nulus. H0sn.
(5A CUMSNCCTBRUL
MCDSTHSH (8 Ch s tc cu"snccs dc sr!t!rslc Sksnsl!r

J"Dcsnc h* 2s% dh* )*ch lung% s+ )*cg+ c4 s c< c b 0cds h3sc s)ccshl+% ch s+ c cu0snccs dc s+*b+ bh*ch 2scc+*us S2<n : 2scch*c /h )u ch dccs s+"4s hlchg+ dsn *c cclc )*b)usc )c cch 0hs )b *s/s + .slcs 4s /sc3ss S2<n ulus: dhc+ <ns+ cus/h s s"h* )+*ch c+ s"h* cu0sncch <n chs) 0hs c/lh/sbs <n c0csul unus g<nd 0hs h)*b)sh dc hcch s+*b+ bh*c% /h hlcgc h uncs un 0b0cn shu b <0)*cDu*h*c dsn /sh3h S2<n ulus h*0bns.h + cu Cb0unsunch 4s b /h dss)unc sub 2b*0+ dc 0cds h3sc% )*ccu0 u*0ch.+?
PUNCTUL & G<ndc4 c" c lh /*cun hh <* h)h* c )c ch*c s &"h 2+cu Db0nul hccs us S2<n : bun+bh*+% dhc+ *cbusc s+ c cu0snccs dc .suh S2<n ulus Shcbb ccl Mh*c% cu0)+nc4 c cu0 &"h luh C*ss bs cu ssnc )c 0un clc Thbb* 4s s"h <0)+* +4s slh/h sh: <n bh*cc" c h)bs 4s g<ndc4 c" c cu c< 0hs 0h*c c hh <*ul )c ch*c 3s= & hcb*d+ 3sc Db0nul% dc /*c0c cc nu dbh* <3s <ng+dusc s+"s 2ss hl+ u*s% cs sn *+"n )sc) ul +u: s<*gusc4 c% h4hdh*% s+ c )*cg+ c4 s% s0s <ndu"& )c S2<n % cu /s* u3s ncbbs4nus c% ch s+ dbb<ndc4 s hh <*u*s h < dc dcbscbs c. Pc S2<n ul Mh cs &"h chc0h ch s+ 0ch*g+ <0)*cun+ lh cl hchs+ 4s s"h l+sh )b2 s dc cl: )c snc c chch0+ h.s Db0nul <nsu4s% sn *+"n )sc) ul +u 4s c <0bsc cu *u)ul s+u )*c3sbs. Pc S2<n ul Ksls) &"h <n *cbh dc undc h* )u ch 2hcc *bs dc )<snch )cn *u ccs csncs 0ss dc bhs)c3s: )c snc nu c )unc <n ds2scul h c% cs <3s b2c*+ )<snch Cc*ulus. Cc bucu*bs s"h ss03s S2<n ul Hnd*cs c<nd &"h /+.u )c Db0nul 4s &"h hu.s )c Sbhn Bb c.+ b*ul s)un<nd? >Sh +"& )c Msclu4clul Db0nulusQ" S"h dus nu0hsdcc< du)+ cl 4s &"h <n *cbh undc lbcusc4 c: hscul + cu0 4s 3sc <3s s)unc hcclh4s luc*u )*cb ul c<nd /ss 4s"& 0+n<ncs chsh* )c Msclul Db0nulus. Bucu*+" c dc nb*bcul +u ccl bun dc .suh S2<n ulus Mh cs 4s )*cg+ c4 c" c ch un /hs hlcs dc .suh S2<n ulus H)bs bl Ph/cl% dcbh*ccc *cbusc s+ )b*3s <n )sc) ul +u nu dbh* nu0clc% cs 4s *u)ul Db0nulus: s<*gusc4 c% h4hdh*% s+ c )*cg+ c4 s )*ccu0 hcc4 s d*c)3s% c+cs dhc+ cs hu 2+cu "b ch s+ )*s0chsc+ hh <*u*slc Db0nulus% u )c Db0nul <nsu4s% s./b* hl u u*b* 0slbs cnsslb*.
MCDSTHSH (8 477
PUNCTUL 7 Cu0)+nc4 c cu0 hu )*c3us S2sn3ss hcc4 sh bun+/bsn3clc Db0nulus 4s cu0 hu 4 su h lc dbb<nds: cunbh4 c hh <*ul h < dc ncbbs4nus )c ch*c 3s"& 2hcc h.s% <n/h3+ s+ c bucu*s dc cl 4s s+ 2ss *ccunbsc+ b*: <ncsngc" c% h4hdh*% <n 2bcul subs*ss% ch Lhu*cn3su% 4s /c.s c+ dhc+ cl 4s"h cb) *u)ul )cn *u 0hsh lus Du0nc.cu% h.s Db0nul <4s cbhcc *u)ul lh 2bcul subs*ss )cn *u h*hnh h. Dhc+ Sgnh3su sc cbnssdc*h g*<u 0+csnh <n *c cbl3ss 2sh*clb*% ch s+ 2sc )<snc hlb+ 4s cu*h +% Db0nul 3s sc d+*usc <n chs) dc )<snc 0+csnh + <n Ph s0slc shlc 4s cbh) + <n subs*c. Dhc+ S2<n ul Bh* blb0cu 4s"h sc*/s lh bs)+3ul ccl /c4nsc *u)ul Du)us % Db0nul <3s <n2+3s4ch.+ ch 0<hch*c *u)ul s+u% <n/snc3s b 4s *+ns : dhc+ S2<n ul Shcbb c*h cbns<ngchn cu H*ss bs 4s 2bh* c hsc0+n+ b* lus% 4s u c4 s cbns<ngchn hl Db0nulus% dc /*c0c cc c h*+nc4 s cu ch*nch 4s s<ngclc lus: chu + s+"s 2ss hsc0cnch <n b ul 4s chsh* s+ 2ss unul 4s hcclh4s luc*u cu Cl. Dhc+ S2<n ul Sbss2 h 2bs ccl s)b*s <n hh <*u*s% ccl c*cscu <n 2c*scs*s% )cn *u c+ &"h )u* h dc"h < ch b*s <n b*h3c )c P*uncul Du0nc.cu% u% ch*c"& scs <n gu*+% <l )+s *c.s <n )sc) % c*c.s <n dcs+/<*4s*c ch 4s <n hh <*. S2<n ulus Luch s"h <ng+dus s+ 2hc+ b cb)sc% 3sc chsh* b*sgsnhlul: <n s)+*c4 c"3s"& )c b+sc*slc sns0ss hlc. PUNCTUL 6 Tb3s S2sn3ss hcc4 sh hu hdus 0ul3u0s*s ncbbs4nus c Db0nulus )cn *u bsnc2hcc*s h < dc ncbbs4nus c: c2hn h s *sgh c<nd &"h /+.u )c C*ss bs h)+*<nd <n )scsbh*c <n sndclc Cc*ulus: u s.bucnc4 c <n lhudc c+"& /c.s chsh* <n )sc) ul +u: lhud+"& cu S2<n h Tc*c.h% 2ssndc+ Cl s"h c+s+ b*s cu su2lc ul +u 4s &"h <0)bdbbs cu gsu/hsc*clc scu0)c hlc /s* u3slb*. Dhc+ S2sn cs Cch c*snh s"h dh /c*sghc h dc hu*% 3sc )bdbhbh slh/cs. Us0c4 c" c cu S2<n ul Hugus" sn dc 2h) ul c+ hcch 0h*c s0cns+ h lus Du0nc.cu <nch)c <n g*bh)h cch 0sc+ h )sc) ulus +u. P*bsl+/c4 c"& cu S2<n ul Sgnh3su )cn *u ch nu nu0hs lh Rb0h% cs )*c u sndcns s+"3s 2sc bsnc/bs b* 4s )*sclnsc: ccl ch*c S2<n ulus K*hncssc s"h <n s)+*s s sg0h clc shlc% sh* S2<h ulus Bc*nh*d 4s"h h*+ h cbhs h% h.s 3s sc b2c*+ 3sc )c dc"h"n *cgul 4s 3s sc"n s)+*c4 c <n sns0+? <n/h3+ s+"3s *ccunb4 s hh <*ul 4s /cs 4 s s+"& )*c3usc4 s% s<*gusnd s+"& dbb<ndc4 s 4s s+ 0ul3u0c4 s )cn *u cl <n b3s /ccss. H0sn.
47$
C!MSNCC70BR!#
MCDSTHSH (' Rc0u"ht hl "ult!r hlt!r "cdsthss

.Hsc0+n+ b* cu Mcds h3sslc )*b)usc hscs% )b3s 4s u s./bds hl clc% ch*c% ch bd*hslc hlc )*b)*scs hlc cugc +*s 4s )cn *u c+ c"hu cbs h 0unc+% bbs4nuscsc h *c.s b 0hs 0h*c c/lh/sc. Hs 2cl? PUNCTUL & G<ndc4 c" c lh d*hgbs ch cu ch*c un )*unc db*c4 c )sc) ul 0h c*n% cu c< + *</n+ sc n+)us c4 c lh cl% <s d+ ghcs 2bh0ch% <l sslc4 c h2cc3sunch% 4s hs 2cl )l<ngc 4s sc .bucsu0+ )<n+ c<nd <l dbb<ndc4 c. Cu hccch4s d*hgbs c *cbusc s+ db*c4 s 4s u s+ hDungs lh cu0sncch*c: )l<ngs% sus)sn+% gc0c% *bhg+" c 4s cc*c )sc) ul lus C*ss bs? 0h*c cugc h*c h lus Gu*+ dc Hu*. Psusc% ch )usul )clschnulus% du)+ )sc) ul s)sn cch hl Hu b*ulus /sc3ss hlc. S *sg+% ch )us4b*ul cb*bulus c<nd sc /cdc ls)ss dc *bu+ cc*chsc+. Pb2 c4 c% g<2<snd ch d*u0c3ul <nsc h % s./b*ul dc h)c /ss: chu + g*+un clc cb) % )*ccu0 2u*nscu3h cch
hh*nsc+ 4s )*ccu0 c+3clul 2s*0s u*slc dc )<snc dc lh 0hsh s +)<nulus s+u? <n hccs 2cl c4 s dh b* s+ c )*cg+ c4 s% cu lhc*s0s 4s sus)snu*s% cu ss03s*s 4s s *+dhnss% cu *ug+csuns 4s ch.nc% )cn *u S2<n h Cb0unsunc% c+cs cu c< 0hs sn cnsc /b* 2s db*sn3clc cu ch*c /cs /cns% cu h < 0hs <0)lsns c /b* 2s *bhdclc )c ch*c lc /cs bb3snc. PUNCTUL 7 Cu0)+nc4 c *</nh cu ch*c 0sclu4clul ccl gsngh4 hlch*g+ s+ h)ucc 3<3h 0hscss shlc% cu c< + d*hgbs c *hgc dc ch% cu c< + )l+cc*c sugc dsn ch: /snb lh S2<n h Cb0unsunc cu b h < h s<*g du)+ nc/bsh h% cu b h < h )l+cc*c c< + cunb4 sn3+: d+ 2ugh cu su3chlh )usulus ch s+ csugulchsc+ bbbul dsn csbcul 0hscss shlc subs bh*c ch*c"l chch0+% *cculcg<ndu" c h)bs sub h*s)slc b*h3clb* lus C*ss bs <n snsc )c C*ucc. N+)us c4 c" c cu )l+cc*ch bblnh/ulus <nsc h hsu)*h )hhh*ulus cu lchc *+cb*s b*. H)*b)sc" c cu u4u*h*ch d*u0c3ulus *cbcgs dc 2bcul cc"& bc*b c4 c. Sh/u*ch.+% gus +% 0+n<nc+ 4s dcs2+ ch.+" c cu hcchs + )<snc cc*chsc+% <0bsn<nd )l+cc*ch cu c<4 sgul% <ncc*c<nd gus u*slc cclcs c 4s dbb<ndsnd <n0ul3s clc 2blbhsc.
MCDS0HDSH 51
(5'
. PUNCTUL 6 Mul3u0c4 c"s Db0nulus ch*c c"h h*+ns cu *u)ul 4s cu s<ngclc s+u% hsc0cnch cb)slulus ch*c% du)+ cc s"h s+ u*h dc )sc) ul sh/u*bs hl 0h0cs shlc% b <0b*+3s4ch.+ 4s"b gsugsulc4 c. Shlu + dc 0ul c b*s% hsc0cnch cb*+bsc*ulus )sc*du )c 0h*c 3+*0ul undc h s.bu s s+ hcbs c.c: )*s0c4 c cu gcs u*s dc 0ul3u0s*s 4s hsc0cnch cc*4c b*ulus s+*0hn cbd*ul dc )<snc cc"s cs c dh .slnsc lh )bh* h bbgh ulus% hduc<ndu"s bsnccu/<n +*s. P*bs c*nch.+" c% hsc0cnch unus *bb *+scu0)+*h % lh )scsbh*clc unsculus +u S.b+/s b*. P*s0c4 c"& )c Db0nul ch )c un h +% 2*h c% )*sc cn% h/bch % gh*hn % nh4% )*b cc b*% s)*sDsn% sbh*c cc c lu0snch.+% )b* cc c )*s0c4 c% h.sl cc c b)lb4c4 c% ccn *u <n ch*c c bdshnc4 s% <ncc)u hl u u*b* h/u3sslb* hlc% 0sDlbc hl u u*b* 2c*scs*slb* 4s s2<*4s hl u u*b* db*sn3clb* hlc <n b3s /ccss. H0sn.
MCDSTHSH B9 Ch s prs"c4ts Prchskntul Shcrh"cnt ch /sh sc8B

PUNCTUL & Cbnssdc*+" c <nc+ dc )c hcu0% subs c 2*h c% )c )scsb* dc )lcch*c dsn /sh3h hcchs h 0u*s bh*c c+ *c cch /c4nsc+ 4s sh h0sn c c+% )cn *u b c+l+ b*sc h < dc lung+% c nc/bsc dc 0h*c )*cg+ s*c cu bh c cclc% <ndcbscbs cu hcchs + )<snc h /sc3ss% )cn *u )hsul 0b*3ss hlc h)*b)sh c. T*ccs dsn lu0ch hs h <n *" hl h% dsn )h ul dc hscs lh *sbunhlul lus Du0nc.cu? /c.s% h4hdh*% cu0 *cbusc s+ c <nh*0c.s cu b S)b/cdhnsc bun+ 4s dc)lsn+ 4s cu b 2sc*bsn c 4s s2<n h Cb0unsunc. >Scbhl+ dc 0+n<nc+ 4s bch = s"h s)us <ngc*ul )*b2c ulus Slsc =% c+ lung+"3s cs c chlch." Hscul + cu0 hcclh4s luc*u 3s"& s)unc 4s 3sc <ngc*ul unus bun duhb/nsc% ch*c c dc.h0+gc4 c dc )*s0cDdsh h? >Subs c 2*h c% <nhl3+"3s sns0h lh Du0nc.cu% dc lh
8B
TcC ul 0cds h3scs c )*cs+*h cu cs h c dsn Dcchsul 4s 0hs hlcs N!ul Tcsth"cnt ;dc cC. SD Rc#s, &'%5: Pshl"sB Luch, &8%&6: &8% 68"(6: &B%7&: &B%77: 76% (7"(6: 7%7': 76%(A: 1hptc c c.E S)*c h )+s *h cbc*cn3h cC ulus 4s h h*gu0cn h3scs b*sgsnhlc% u*0+0 <n *hducc*ch nbhs *+ /c*ssunslc lsbc*c 4s sn c*)*c h s/c hl lus G*hcs1n% chsh* dhc+ uncb*s lu+0 ch )unc dc )lcch*c Bs!lsh S2. Ssnbd.
(89 CUMSNCCTBRUL
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Brhc!lul "hnuhl, 0hs 0ul chsh* dcc< Crstsc!nul, h s h b*nscs 2hs0h lus G*hcs1n <n Cu*b)h% cCc*cs <nd b sn2lucn3+ nb b*sc hsu)*h 0b*hlss scss cbn sncn ulus nbs *u <ndh + du)+ h)h*s3sc. <n K*hn3h% undc )*bduc3sh ls c*h*+ s)hnsbl+ c*h u*0+*s + 2bh* c h cn <n sccblul hl @#SS"lch% )<n+ <n *"h < h% dc )sld+% <nc< Cl Hcr!c, du)+ cc s"h 2bs *hdus dc Nscblhs Gc*"/hssc ;Ph*ss% &A(BE% s"h 2bs 4s )lhgsh dc un hnu0c Sscu* dc Cc*s.sc* $Lc Hcr!s 1rhnc!ss) <n hcclh4s hn% ccbu*slc cc* c hlc h2b*ss0clb* lus G*hcs1n )b 2s dc cc h c <n b)c*c h < dc ds/c*sc )*ccu0 cch h dbh0ncs dc Shbsc% h lus Lh Rbchc2buchuld shu Lh B*u!c*c. T+l0+cs*ch lus H0clb dc lh Hbusshsc ;&A8(E% <n csudh dc2cc clb* cs% ccl 0hs 0h*c 2ssnd h)lh s.h*ch s slss sc+% /h s h lh bh.h 0hDb*s +3ss cclb*lhl c /c*ssuns <n ls0bs cu*b)cnc )<n+ <n sccblul hl @l@"lch. P*s0h cds3sc&6 h hccs cs c+*3s% cch dc"h csncch h lus G*hcs1n% h h)+*u <n &A(5% sn s ulh + 2ssnd Brcul! "hnuhl 9 hrtc dc prudcncsh shchdh dc l!s hk!rss"!s Auc sc dsscurrcn cn lhs !!rhs dc L!rcn0! Grhcsn $Brhc!lul "hnuhl 4s hrth prudcncs sc!hs dsn hk!rss"clc rssspstc *n !pcrclc...). Ch* ch *c)*c.cn h b )*s0+ b)c*+ dc ssn c.+ <n ch*sc*h sc*ss b*ulus? ch <nsu0h h < *c.ul h clc sc*sc*slb* shlc 0b*hlc 4s s)blbgscc% c< 4s )c cclc hlc *h h ulus dcs)*c hscu3s0c% )*udcn3h% ch 4s sngcnsb.s h ch $sn#cns!), dc/cnsnd hcu0 b h* +. Du)+ cu0 s)unch0% ch* ch sc )ublsc+ sub )scudbns0 4s b 2+*+ h)*bbh*ch b*dsnulus sc.us . C
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)*cccdh + dc b dcdsch3sc c+ *c Luss Mcndc. dc Hh*b% sc0nh + dc <nsu4s Lhs hnbsh% 4s dc un cu/<n <nhsn c c+ *c cs s b*% )*c.cn h ch 4s cu0 s s"h* dh b*h b gcnc*bsulus 0hgnh . Dc hscs <ndclungh h cbn/sngc*c h c*s scss c+ Brhc!lul nu h* 2s b)c*h lus G*hcs1n% cs dbh* b hn blbgsc dc 2*hg0cn c dsn b)c*clc shlc dc )<n+ h uncs hlc+ us + dc Lhs hnbsh% ch*c s"h* 2s dh
4s s lul% )bh c 0hs )u3sn g*hcshncsc% <n *"hdc/+*% dc Brhc!l. Tc.h hcchs h nu 0hs *c.ss + <ns+. C dc hDuns s+ h*+ +0% )c u*0clc lus Msgucl Rb0c*h"Nh/h**b% c+ dsn b hlul cclb* 699 dc h2b*ss0c% dbh* B9 s<n hb*c/sc*s shu )*cluc*+*s hlc unb* )hshDc dsn b)c*clc hn c*sbh*c 4s nu0hs &7 s<n *c)*bducc*s cC uhlc% *cs ul dc 768 2ssnd 2b*0ul+*s sncds c. Lhs hnbsh 4s cc*cul s+u /b* 2s h/u )*bbhbsl un *bl s s0ulh s/ shu /b* 2s 4s cbn *sbus cu sugcs ss? lh 2cl sc <n <0)lh% dc )sld+% 4s <n ch.ul lus Lh Rbchc2buchuld% ch*c"4s cs ch 0hCs0clc <n shlbnul dbh0ncs dc Shbsc. Dh* db/hdh )c*c0) b*sc c dc nh u*+ s slss sc+? <n hcchs + ch* c G*hcs1n c <n h)bgcul s+u dc cul s/h b* hl cC)*csscs lhcbnscc% clhbb*h*ch cbncc) ss + c h < dc h/hnsh + 4s dc )c*sbnhl+% <nc< sdcch uncs )h* scs)+*s s *+snc 0hDb*s h*c lh clhbb*h*ch b)c*cs h)h*c hbsblu snhccc) hbsl+. B*hculh*c% cbnccn *h c uncb*s )<n+ lh hc*0c ss0% h2b*ss0clc hccs ch s<n *bdul uncs cC *hb*dsnh*c /bsn3c s slss scc? 0h c*shlul scnssbsl hl /bchbulh*ulus c )h*c+ /hlb*s2sch hscs ch )*sncs)hl+ cC)c*scn3+ dc /sh3+ h 0h*gsnhlulus G*hcs1n% sc*ss b*ul *+sc4 c ssnc*bn <n s *h u*slc dc /cchs0s <ndclung hcu0ulh c hlc ls0bss <n ch*c sh)+% ds.lbc+% *ccb0)unc 4s snb/ch.+. Kb*0h lh ch*c *ccu*gc <n hcchs + ch* c% h2b*ss0ul &(% c <n *c)+ *uns+ cu gcnul 0sC % )lhs sc 4s /c*bhl b bdh +% hl c0blc0cs. C*ch3sc h Rcnh4 c*ss% cu *+d+csns <n hlcgb*ss0ul 4s hc*hldsch 0cdsc/hl+% gcnul c0blc0clb* /h cunbh4 c b /bg+ 2+*+ cghl <n sccblclc hl @#S"lch 4s hl @#SS"lch. P*s0h ch* c dc hccs gcn c b)c*h s hlshnulus Hnd*ch Hlcsh s? C"!lc"hth, &B77% unh dsn c+*3slc dc c+)+ <s hlc lus G*hcs1n. Gcn >ssn c sc"% c0blc0h s"h bucu*h dc un cC *hb*dsnh* succcs <n Rcnh4 c*ch <*.sc 4s <n Bh*bc. C0blc0h% h4h cu0 h 2bs dc2sns + )*sn b)c*h lus Hlcsh s 4s )*sn hl c culcgc*s ss0slh*c% cu)*sndc *cs )+*3s? b su)*hsnsc*s)3sc hbs *hc + $lc""h, "!n!, snscrsps!), ch*c cb0)*s0+ b scn sn3+ shu *c.u0+ b sn2b*0h3sc: b s0hgsnc ;scbn% pscturh), hdsc+ b g*h/u*+ <n lc0n shu cu)*u% ch*c *c)*c.sn +% ss0)ls2sch % b sccn+ dc cC *hc3sc )h*c0sblbgsc+% dsn ls c*h u*h hns0hlsc*+ ?Ph9ss!l!#us), dsn 0s blbgsc% ss b*sc% *hds3sh bsblsc+ c c: 4s% <n 2snc% un cC % ccl 0hs hdcsch sub 2b*0+ c)sg*h0h sc+ $su!scrspts!), ch*c l+0u*c4 c sc0ns2sch3sh s0hgsnss )*b)usc% cC *+g<nd dsn ch <n/+3+ u*s 0b*hlc% 2slb.b2scc shu dc cb0)b* h0cn . S0hgsnch 4s cC ul% )*sn sn c*" &( #c.s Dsc c* K*c0c*s% Dsc 1!r" dcs Hph!rss"cn Grhcsns, Snhugu*hl"Dss"sc* h sbn% &'B&: K*s . Schhl2% C-c"plh r!"hnsschcr C!rt#cschschtc, ch). >Zu* Gcschsch c dcs Kb* cs H)hb*ss0us s0 Rb0hnsschcn"% #s b*sb Klbs c*0hnn% K*hn22u* h0 Mhsn% &'AA% )). &"79.
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hc3sunch lb* *ccs)*bc+% sc sn cg*ch.+ unus cbn3snu cC)c*scn3shl unsc. U sls.h*ch c0blc0cs sc bh.ch.+ )c cbn/sngc*ch c+ c/cns0cn clc s0)b* hn c <n b*dsnch lu0ss hscund sndscss sc0ns2sch s/c 4s scnsu*s ch0u2lh c 4s c+ /s.sbslul <n <n *cgul s+u *s0s c sn/h*shbsl lh un scns su)c*sb*% sn *snscc 4s )*sncs)shl% hl b*dsnss cbs0scc ;Gc*b /bn Ksl)c* % Shch@drtcr!uch dcr Lstcrhtur, K*bnc*% &'5'E. Khscsnh3sh hccs us gcn ssn c sc s"h cCc*cs h )<n+ <*.su <n sccblul hl @#SSS"lch% 0hns2cs <ndu"sc <n bh c db0cnsslc /sc3ss cul u*hlc 4s s)s*s uhlc% du)+ ch*c h c+.u <n *"b b hl+ dcsuc udsnc. Dh* nscs chsh* <n /*c0ch nbhs *+% h* h h2s4ulus% hnu0s c cb0)h* s0cn c hlc )ublscss scss 4s *cclh0cs nu s<n s *+snc dc s)s*s ul 4s cC)c*scn3h c0blc0h scss% ch*c% lh *<ndul cs% h *c)*c.cn h <n c)bc+ 4s un sns *u0cn dc >ch) h*c h b)snscs )ublscc" ;Jbsc Hn bnsb Mh*h/hllE. G*hcs1n h nu *s b /sc hd0s*h3sc )cn *u Hlcsh s% )c ch*c"& cs ch.+ 4s cb0cn ch.+ 2*cc/cn % <n bh c c+*3slc shlc% *blul c0blc0cs 2ssnd chsh* cC *c0 dc s0)b* hn <n *"b ch* c ch Brhc!lul "hnuhl+. H2b*ss0clc lus G*hcs1n hu b s *uc u*+ h)*bh)c c0blc0h sc+. Scn sn3h% cnun3ul h2b*ss sc )*b)*su".ss% )*c.cn h + ch <n *"b cCc*g+ 4s% <ncc)<nd cu cds3sh h dbuh% snds/sduhls.h + chsh* s)bg*h2sc% )*sn culcgc*c cu ch*hc c*c cu*ss/c% c u*0h +% ch b cbn *h)bndc*c ncccsh*+ lh)s"dh*s +3ss shlc uncb*s c*s) scc% dc un cb0cn h*su dc c< c/h *<ndu*s% ghc0% lh *<ndul s+u% dc h2b*ss0c: ls)sc4 c dbh* s0hgsnch ss0bblsc+% unh dsn cclc *cs cbns s ucn c hlc c0blc0cs% dh* G*hcs1n <s su)lsnc4 c )c hlbcu*s 4s cs ls)sh )*sn *s0s c*s cC)*csc lh hsc0cnch s0hgsns% bsnc cunbscu c <n c)bc+% sclcc h c dsn b)c*h c0blc0h s4 slb* *c)u h3s. Lh h < h sc *cducc hnhlbgsh dsn *c h2b*ss0ul g*hcshncsc 4s c0blc0+% dsn )unc ul dc /cdc*c hl 2b*0cs: <n )lus% ch 4s c0blc0h% 2scch*c h2b*ss0 dsn Brcul! "hnuhl c b cb0)b.s3sc cs c sc su2scscn + ssc4s% hu bnb0+ <n *h)b* cu hnsh0blul culcgc*ss. G*hcs1n cs c )*s0ul sc*ss b* ch*c cbn2c*+ h2b*ss0ulus s h u ul unus nbu gcn ls c*h*% 2ssnd% 0hs cChc s)us% c*ch b*ul h2b*ss0ulus 0bdc*n. Dsn hccs )unc dc /cdc*c% Brcul! "hnuhl h*c b s0)b* hn3+ dccsss/+ <n ls c*h u*h uns/c*shl+. B dh + cu G*hcs1n% h2b*ss0ul <ncc ch.+
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h 0hs 2s b cb0bsnh3sc% uncb*s c c*bgcn+% dc cs h c% scn sn3c% cbnssdc*h3ss )bls scb"ss b*scc 4s 0b*hlc shu hnccdb c% ch b <n *chg+ ls c*h u*+ <n dcsccndcn3+ c*hs0shn+ shu% 4s 0hs bbgh *c)*c.cn h + <n S)hnsh% hcs shn+% ch dc )sld+ Tcst! csphn!l, slustrhd! c!n hk!rss"!s, dc Bhl hsh* Hlh0bs dc Bh**scn bs ;Mhd*sd% &A&(E% <n ch*c *hducc*ch dsn Thcs c <nsb3s + dc *c2lcc3ss scu* c% scn cn3sbhsc% cbncc)u c ch un cb0cn h*su h)b2 cg0h sc lh cC . H2b*ss0ul <ns+% h4h cu0 <l dcs+/<*4c4 c 0h*clc sc.us h*hgbnc.% *c)*c.sn + b 2b*0+ h* ss sc+ nbu+% cbns *us + )c bh.h >cu/<n ulus dc s)s*s 4s cC)*csscs sub slc% h c2cc clb* bnb0h b)cscc 4s Dbculus dc cu/sn c"% <nchcg<nd >un sss c0 dc b hd0s*hbsl+ /h*sc h c 4s cu cclc 0hs *h2snh c nuhn3c bnhlc"&A? hsss +0 hs 2cl lh nh4 c*ch hk!rss"ulus lstcrhr, gcn dc 0h*c cb0)lcCs h c 4s dcs snh uncs ch*sc*c cu*b)cnc nc<n *c*u) c% dc lh 0hCs0clc lus Lh Rbchc2buc huld 4s )<n+ lh nb h3sslc h2b*ss scc hlc lus Phul #hlc*!% succcssunc ch*c h* 2s 2bs dc nccbncc)u 2+*+ cCss cn3h Brhc!lulus "hnuhl". Succcssunc c+*csh nc )c*0s c0 s+"& hd+ug+0 )c ccl 0hs s *+lucs % )bh c% *c)*c.cn hn cbn c0)b*hn hl gcnulus% 4s hnu0c )c C.M.Csb*hn. Sndc)cndcn3h cs c sc+ h 2scc+*us h2b*ss0 <l dss)cnsch.+ )c c*ch b*ul hccs us gcn 4s dc ncccss h ch h)lsc+*ss unb* c*s c*ss dc b*dbnh*c <n chd*ul culcgc*ss% ssngu*h 0h*c+ 2b*0hl+ h 2luCulus cCcbgs h s/ uns h* 2ssnd nu0c*b h*ch% sh* ssngu*ul 2hc b* cbhgulhn dc hd<ncs0c db/cdsndu"sc cbc*cn3h s slss sc+ 4s h/hnsh*ch u u*b* h2b*ss0clb*% <n *"b hscuns *cgs.h + dc/+l0+4sc% ch b h*0h + )cs *s3+ ch*c"4s hscundc sn cn3sslc sub b dc.b*dsnc ss0ulh +% c+ *c hcclh4s scb) 2b*0h s/" hc sc? cduch*ch )*udcn3cs 0undhnc. K+*+ un )lhn dcclh*h % h4hdh*% h2b*ss0clc s<n b2c*s c dc c+ *c hu b* <n3clc)3slb* hdunh3s lh bs)+3ul sh)scn3shl% du)+ cu0 sc s)unc <n cu/<n ul c+ *c cs s b*% ch >un 0c0b*su... <n ch*c s+ sc <nsc*sc kclurslc dc !uchtc
prudcnphlc $s.n.) cc sc /b* 2s sc*/snd <n cclclhl c b)c*c% )cn *u h <0)+*3s )l+cc*ch <n 0bd hg*chbsl"? sc *chc s/ch.+ hs 2cl b 0c h2b*+ c s0blbgsc+ dc /cchc *hds3sc% 4s hnu0c hccch h <nsu4s*ss 4 ssn3cs 4s <n3clc)csunss ?shpscntsh, dc*s/<nd dsn shp!r, <nsch0n+ gus % )*scc)c*c dc h h)*ccsh bun+ h ch 0<nc+*u*slb*% h)bs <n/+3+ u*+% 4 ssn3+% <n3clc)" &A K*s . Schhl2% >Zu* Gcschsch c dcs Kb* cs H)hb*ss0us..."% h* .cst., <n !p. cst., ). &B. Dcs)*c hn cccdcn clc s)hnsblc% 0hs hlcs )c lsnsh hcs ss0ulus% /c.s Kh*l Hl2*cd Blsshc*% >G*hcs1ns H)hb*ss0cn s0 LB*+culb 0hnuhlM und dsc T*h"ds sbn dc* )bls sschcn H)hb*ss0cnsh00lungcn sn S)hnscn"% S!cr!""hnsh, &&'A'. )). 6&'=675. B hnhls.+ cb0)lc + h Dbculus dc cu/sn c <n Brcul!, K*hncsscb G.Pb/cdhnb% >Cl Ducgb dc )hlhb*hs cn cl Brcul! "hnuhl dc G*hcs1n"% R!"hnsschc 1!rschun#cn, 88&'5A% )). 7&9"77(. #c.s 4s Hcl0u Hh .2cld. Cstuds!s s!!rc cl Bhrr!c!, Bsblsb cch Rb0hnsch Hss)hnsch% G*cdbs% Mhd*sd% &'AA ;scgundh cdscs1nE% ch). >Cl bh**bFuss0b dcl LB*1culb 0hnuhlM dc G*hcs1n"% )). 6(A"6A6. &5 Kh*l Hl2*cd Blsshc*% h* . cst, ). 675: Dsc c* K*c0c*s% !p. cst., ). 'B.
21
csuncE )*sn *"un ss*hsls)*bccs dc nu *s3sc 2s.sblbgsc+% )*ccu0 cclcb*h snnutrsts!n h lus Mbn hsgnc% )*sn *"un 0c hbblss0 s)s*s uhl cb0)lsch ch*c gcnc*ch.+ b nbu+ 2+) u*+ l+un *sc+ su)c*sbh*+% lh G*hcs1n% du)+ cu0 h0 /+.u % c*bul% b0ul dc lu0c shu dsscc*n+ b*ul% )*udcn ul% )c*sbhnh shu <n3clc) ul. B. Dh* hccs 0c hbblss0 ch*c dc2snc4 c 4 ssn3h b0cnchsc+ ?shpscntsh. shp!r c cE% <4s h*c un cb*cs)bndcn 4s <n 2unc3sbnh*ch 2ssn3cs 0c h2s.scc dsn b0. P*bccsul dc nu *s3sc 4s hss0slh*c h uncs subs hn3c sub slc cs c chlch *hns2b*0+*ss *hdschlc h b0ulus <n <nsu4s C*ch b*ul s+u 4s h hccs ush <n c*ch u*h 0<n us +. Thsnh cuhh*ss scs c <ns+4s c0h ul s0ulus *h h hl lus G*hcs1n% ul s0ul b bdh + 4s hl cds3scs dc 2h3+% hd*csh b0ulus *clsgsbs. Pb.s3sh hccs us cb0)cndsu dc hscc.+ s)s*s uhl+ 4s 0ss sc+ <n b)c*h lus G*hcs1n% )c dc b )h* c% 4s <n ls c*h u*h s)hnsbl+% )c dc hl h% ncccss + c< c/h )*ccs.+*s. T*cbusc s+ <ncc)c0 )*sn h 0+* u*sss c+ h0 subh)*ccsh s0)b* hn3h hccs cs c+*3s sc*ssc dc G*hcs1n <n &AB6 4s )ublsch c% du)+ bb3snc*ch dc hs + dh + h u u*b* h)*bb+*slb* s0)usc dc dsscs)lsnh b*dsnulus% <n &ABB% sub sc0n+ u*h sh *chl+% ch. unsc <n ch*sc*h sh. Nc"h0 l+sh sndu4s <n c*bh*c dc c< c/h lbcu*s cb0unc )*s/s bh*c lh cbncc)3sh lus G*hcs1n dcs)*c lu0c 4s lbcul b0ulus <n *"<nsh% ch 4s dc unclc h)*ccsc*s 0sns0hls.hn c dcs)*c lbcul subhl c*n bcu)h dc Cl c!"ul#ht!rs! )*sn *c cclclhl c c+*3s hlc lus. Nu0hs *hduc<ndu"& = h0 sus3snu <n b dchunh c+ *hducc*ch c cch 0hs )c* sncn + b)c*h3sc dc h)*chcndh*c c*s sc+ h unus hu b* = s"h0 <n3clcs <nsc0n+ h ch cu b ul ncbbs4nus +. Hbsh cu hcchs + sc*sc*c )c*sbnhls h ch 0h*clus h*hgbnc. s.bu c4 c b cC)*s0h*c sn cg*hl+% h)*b)*ssndu"4s <n )*s0ul *<nd ds0cnssunch 0c h2s.sc+% hbscn + dsn cclclhl c c+*3s. <n lbcul cs% b 0undhns h c 2+*+ s)c*hn3+ sc+ldh + <n *"un )css0ss0 *hdschl% ssngu*h chlc dc shl/h*c )cn *u pcrs!hnh g*hcshncsc+% )cn *u b0ul dcs+/<*4s % h c+*us 2b*0h*c b /cdc b u4s cu )u sn3+% 2ssnd hcccsul lh 0c0b*sh s0hncn + h b0cns*ss% lh >snsulh nc0u*s*ss" undc <3s dhu d*c) ul s+ c sns hlc.s )bs u0 2h) clc dsn s0)ul /sc3ss? nc0u*s*ch hcchs h c <ns+ *clh s/+ 4s bh.h + )c c*s c*ss <n/ccsnh c cu hcclch hlc u0hnss0ulus *cnhsccn ss % hdsc+ 0sDlbhcc cCcluss/ b0cnc4 s. Tbh c c+*3slc lus G*hcs+n )b 2s% <n *"hdc/+*% <nsc*ssc <n *"un )*bscc hn *b)blbgsc subsu0h c0)b*hls +3ss ss b*scc? b0ul dcs+/<*4s )l+0+ds <n /s.sunch lb* c nu0hs b0ul dc lu0c 4s b0ul <n lu0c. Cu*sbs 4s snsu2scscn )cn *u un )c*sbnhD cu /bch3sc *clsgsbhs+% chsh* dhc+ 0c0b*u hl unus b*dsn hCh )c b )cdhgbgsc h lu0csculus. H)h*c <ns+ *h h ul s+u dc <nd*u0h*c s)s*s uhl+% Cu"sncct!rul, ncglsDh shu cb0cn h su)c*2scshl dc 0hs b3s c*s scss. #cchs *cscn s0cn c hn ssc.us c shu hu b0h ss0c hn sclc*schlc <s 2hc )c unss dsn *c cs s+"s hduc+ lus G*hcs1n hcu.h3ss g*h/c? Cu"sncct!rul hs Ts b >cbnccssc 2+cu + Sbcsc +3ss lus Ssus"% >b)c*+ dc cb0)*b0ss"% >hbh c*c dc lh *hscc b*sh cbncss+ h lus G*hcs1n% dsn *h3suns s *+snc hu b*ulus"% hdsc+ dsn )*scsnh uncs >bblsgh3ss 2h3+ dc sc.us3s"&8% shu hc dc >s)bc*s.sc"% >h0cs cc dc csnss0 4s )*cchu3sc"% nc*u4snh*c 4s g<ndu*s hscunsc% dcbh*ccc% <n cu/<n ul c+ *c cs s b* 4s <n dcdsch3sh c+ *c Cl/s*h Pbncc dc Lcbn <4s +g+dusc4 c 4s"4s *ccunbh4 c b bdh + hu b*h ul cclb*lhl c c+*3s&'. B*% ch* ch *cs)cc s/+ c *bdul uncs <ndclungh c hc s/s +3s )hs b*hlc shu dc )*cdsch3sc )c ch*c G*hcs1n 4s"h dus"b b dchunh lh bun s2<*4s cu 2c*/bh*c 4s dc)lsn+ ssncc*s h c. Mhs 0ul % *h h ul *clsgsbs h 2bs sc*ss <n *"b c h)+ <nhsn h + h /sc3ss lus G*hcs1n% du)+ cc% c d*c) % sub )scudbns0 4s clud<nd *cgulslc dc dsscs)lsn+ hl b*dsnulus sc.us % <4s )ublschsc bh c b)c*clc lhscc hn c*sbh*c% sncluss/ )*s0clc dbu+ )+*3s hlc Crstsc!nulus, dc2snsndu"sc cb0)lc ch sc*ss b* )*b2hn 4s hssgu*<ndu"4s b ch*sc*+ cu*b)chn+ s *+lucs +. H* 2s cu h < 0hs 0ul b nhs/s h c s+ nc <nchs)us0 c+ )*sn *"b ssngu*+ )ublsch3sc <*.sc h* 2s *cu4s s+ <0)hcc nc0ul3u0s*slc su)c*sb*slb* s+s% 0hs hlcs c+ lh dbs hns du)+ h)h*s3sh Cu"sncct!rulus G*hcs1n *ccsds/ch.+ 4s )ublsc+ b sub )scudbns0 )h* ch h *csh 4s ul s0h dsn Crstsc!nul. Nu s"h /+.u % cu c< c/h *h*c cCcc)3ss% c+ hcchs + ch* c *b unDc4 c /s.sunch lus G*hcs1n 4s *c)*c.sn + 4s b )c*2b*0hn3+ ls c*h*+ dc ssnc s + + bh*c. <n*uds % du)+ cu0 bbsc*/h B ss H.G*ccn79% cu s)ccsh h < dc hss)hnsc+ h >hc clb* shc*h0cn hlc" $hut!s shcrh"cnthlcs) )*sn c0h cuhh*ss sc+ )c ch*c b dc./bl + nh*h s/ <n *"b succcssunc dc 0cds h3ss dc un d*h0h ss0 bsnc s *uns 4s cbns *us )c un hdc/+*h sss c0 cbn *h)unc sc. Cu"sncct!rul h*c )u c*nscc lcg+ u*s 4s cu ls c*h u*h 0ss sc+% nu h < ch 0c0b*shl hl )*b)*scs h/cn u*s uns s/c% c< ch )*bsl+/s*c )lsn+ dc 2c*/bh*c h 4s 0hs )*b2undcs% h b hlcs uns*s shc*h0cn hlc cu Du0nc.cu )*sn ch*c *ccc b*scc c*cdsncsbs du)+ cbnsu0h*ch h*hncs cuhh*ssucc. C cu h < 0hs sncC)lschbsl 2h) ul c+ hcchs + ch* c% ch*c h cunbscu 4s un s0)b* hn succcs dc )ublsc ;)cs c dbu+.ccs dc cds3ss <n b*sgsnhl 4s <n *hducc*s )<n+ lh s2<*4s ul sccblulus *ccu E c b hl sgnb*h + )<n+ 4s dc ccs 0hs h/s.h3s ss b*scs hs ls c*h u*ss 0ss scc 7&. C/cn uhlclc sc0sh)*ccsc*s s<n ccl 0ul cbndcsccndcn c. Nu h0 &8 Shn bs Hlbnsb% Tcnss!n sc"hntsch $lcn#uh7c 9 cstsl!) dc Grhcsn, )*blbgb dc Rh2hcl Lh)csh% Sns s ucsbn >Kc*nhndb cl Ch blscb"% Zh*hgb.h% &'8&% )). 8'% '5 4s &A5. Lh 2cl dc c*bnh % Cu"sncct!rul c )us dc Shn bs Hlbnsb )c hcclh4s )lhn cu P!lstscshnul, cbnssdc*h 4s cl ch 2ssnd b b)c*+ h)blbgc sc+% s *+sn+ 4s ch dc s)s*s ul lus G*hcs1n. &' Juhn Luss Hlbb*g% Hsst!rsh dc lh lstcrhturh csphn!lh, b0b SS% Cp!ch !hrr!ch, scgundh cdscsbn% G*cdbs% Mhd*sd% &'55% )). 8A5"8A8. 79 B ss H. G*ccn% Csphnh 9 lh trhdscs!n !ccsdcnthl. Cl cspsrstu chstcllhn! cn lh lstcrhturh dcsdc ;Cl Csd" hhsth Chldcr!n, *hd. dc C. S1nchc. Gsl% ( /bs.% G*cdbs% Mhd*sd% &'A'% /bs. SS% ). &(B. 7& Ch dc )sld+ Pcd*b Shsn. Rbd*sguc.% Sntr!duccs!n h lh hsst!rsh dc lh lstcrhturh "sstsch cn Csphnh, cds b*shl #blun hd% Mhd*sd% &'75% )c ch*c sc bh.ch.+ 4s 0hs *cccn h luc*h*c h lus ,ngcl L. Csl/c s% Sntr!duccs!n h lh "sstsch csphn!lh, Cds" csbncs Ch cd*h% Mhd*sd% &'5(: hccch4s +cc*c b )+s *ch.+ C. Hllssbn Pcc*s% Cl "ss3tscss"! csphn!l, Hus *hl% Mhd*sd% &'(5.
23
<n <lns nscs un s udsu h)*b2undh hsu)*h Cu"sncct!rulus, cu cCcc)3sh sn *bducc*ss lus C/h*ss b Cb**ch Chldc*bn lh cds3sh sh. Cch 0hs lucsd+ h)*ccsc*c% dsn )+ch c ncdc./bl h + su2scscn % <s h)h*3snc <ns+% du)+ 4 ssn3h nbhs *+% 0h*clus g*hcshnss Msgucl Bh llb*s% ch*c /cdc <n hcchs + ch* c >b)c*h cch 0hs ssncc*+ h lus G*hcs1n"% cch ch*c *+s)undc <n 0bd ccl 0hs ds*cc >h 0bs2c*cs *clsgsbhsc 4s su)*hnh u*hlc ch*c"s c*h )*b)*sc dc 2h) "% )c c<nd <n cclclhl c c+*3s hlc sc*ss b*ulus% c*s scul bbsc*/+ b dchunh >un c2b* dc h c/hdh dsn h0bscn ul s+u% dc h"4s dcsu)*hnh u*hls.h g<nds*ch% dc h ss"ulh b 0b*hl+ lhscs.hn + 4s un dcss0 nh u*hlss % ch h s udsnc ls c*h*+ ss"ulht 4s sn cn3sbnh +"77. Bbsc*/h3ss )c ch*c nbs nu lc <n3clcgc0 dclbc ch )c b )lcdbh*sc pr! d!"! suh, cs ch )c b 0hs d*ch) + h4c.h*c h Dudcc+3slb* dcs)*c b sc*sc*c subh)*ccsh +. NcglsDh*ch unsculus *h h *clsgsbs hl lus G*hcs1n h h/u d*c) cbnsccsn3+ 4s sgnb*h*ch 0h*slb* lus 0c*s c nu nu0hs cbncc) uhlc% cs 4s cs c scc 4s s slss scc. Sc )h*c c+ 4s dc dh h hcchs h% hu b*ul 4 sc s+ 2sc 0hs lucsd dcc< 0ul3s dsn *c c*s scss s+s. <n cu/<n ul c+ *c cs s b*% G*hcs1n 2b*0ulch.+ *cs sdcs s0)b* hn c? &. Cu"sncct!rul c ssngu*h ch* c dsn *c cclc h *sbus c lus h c+*cs phtcrnsthtc 4s"b *ccunbh4 c d*c) lc#sts", ccch cc nu ns sc )h*c c< u4s dc )u3sn b db/hd+ dc s)bc*s.sc% cs un 0bd )h*hdbChl% h < dc 2*cc/cn <n b)c*h sh% dc h s)unc nu c+ )c cclclhl c nu lc"h* 2s sc*ss cl% cs c+% s)*c dcbscbs*c dc clc% bd*hslc nclcgs s0c hlc s)s*s ulus s+u% *h h ul dcs)*c <0)+* +4hnsc s./b*+4 c% cbn2s*0<nd bbsc*/h3sh lus M. Bh llb*s% dsn <ns+4s cbnds3sh lus hu cn sc+ 4s 2undh0cn hl+ dc )*clh % dc )*cb % dc phtcr, :. Cu"sncct!rul sluDc4 c 0hs 0ul hkccts sthtch dcc< sngcnsb.s h ch% c+*csh <s cbnshc*hsc hnu0c b sc*sc*c h0)l+ $Hscus"ch 4s hrth sn#cns!0stss), 4s% <n *" hdc/+*% nsc+sc*s <n b)c*h sh nu sc )b *cg+ss )hgsns dc un ls*ss0 4s dc b 2c*/bh*c 0ss sc+ h < dc sn cnsc ch hscs: 6. Ch* ch hcchs h c 0cns + s+ 2sc un <nd*c) h* )cn *u >0<n us*ch c c*n+" h su2lc clb* cucc*nscc% <n *<ndul c+*b*h <4s )b h2lh cu h < 0hs lcsnc lbcul 4s >)c*sbhnclc" 2b*0h c lh 4cbhlh *h h clb* s)blbgscc )*b2hnc shu h cCc0)lulus nh*h s/ dsn Crstsc!nul. B0ul c )us hscs <n 2h3h b)3sunss dccsss/c? c+u h*ch uns*ss cu Du0nc.cu shu /cgc h*ch <n *"un ss0sls)h*hdss u0hnss hu b2hg. Cu"sncct!rul, <n )b2sdh cbnds3scs 0hs u0slc )c ch*c hu b*ul s"b *ccunbh4 c% hccch dc <nd*u0h* )*hc sc% 2+*+ h <ncc h s+ c*chd+% b )b *s/s dcclh*h3scs lus G*hcs1n% c+ )bh c *s/hls.h cu cclclhl c sc*sc*s hlc shlc% cs c chcsh dc bbl + h /s.sunss shlc bn blbgscc cb0)lc c% )ccc ch 0c h2s.sc+ hbscn + )<n+ lh cl. Mb s/ul db0snhn hl cclb* csncs.ccs dc 0cds h3ss cs c bs)+3ul% 4s hnu0c bs)+3ul cuhh*ss sc% bhnchc sblc0n <n cu*sul c+*ush 2scch*c bhs)c c )bh c *cs c*h <n chs) ncs<ngc*bs Dc* 2h dc )c c*ucc h lus Ssus% 77 Msgucl Bh llb*s S. S.% Grhcsn / cl Bhrr!c!, Cds.sbns ds S b*sh c Lc c*h u*h% Rb0h% &'B8% ). 85.
24
0<nc<ndu"& )c ccl shc*s2sch dc d*hgul c*ch u*ss% <n *"b h 0bs2c*+ dc cbn/s/shls h c shc*+% ccclc.shl+ 4s )c*sbnhl+ b bdh +. Sccnc /c c*b" 4s ncb cs h0cn h*c% 2sgu*<nd 0b0cn c dc 0hCs0+ h)*b)sc*c h b0ulus dc Du0nc.cu% s<n cbn/bch c ch c*0cn dc cb0)h*h3sc )cn *u nchsc0us 0hs 0h*ch 2c*scs*c h+*+.s + c*cdsncsb4slb* ch*c nu nu0hs c+ sc )b h)*b)sh dc Ssus )<n+ lh h sngc*c 2s.sc+% dh* 4s"& )b chsh* <ncb*)b*h )*sn *"un hc 2s.sblbgsc shc*h0cn hls.h % <l )b dccs >0<nch" lh )*b)*su% <n chs) *chl 4s hdc/+*h % h4h cu0 sc *c)c + 0hs <n 2scch*c 0cds h3sc ;/c*c% rch3Utcr, su!sthntshlhcr c*hu c*0cnss )*sn ch*c dc2snch dbg0h *hnssubs hn3sc*ss Cbncslsul dsn T*cn bE. S slul cs c >ccl cc*u dc s0)"% hcccssbsl% h4hdh*% nu dbh* )ublsculus bbs4nus hl sc*ss b*ulus% cls h sn clcc uhl+ 4s sbcshl+ h /*c0ss% cs <n *cgss u*0c )+s b*s c dc un )*cb . Dsscu*sul% 0hs ss0)lu dcc< <n cclclhl c *h h c% du)+ cu0% s)c*+0% sc /h )u ch cbns h h 4s dsn *hducc*ch *b01nchsc+% 0h*ch b u4s dc un sub sl cu*cn )c*suhss/ cu sn2lcCsuns bh*bcc% nu ls)ss dc hcccn c dc"h d*c) ul 4bchn c )cn *u un cs s b* dc h.s% hsu)*h c+*b*h h *hgc0 h cn3sh )*sn nb c h0+nun3s c lh cC % <l <n/h3+ )c c*cdsncsbs s+ sc )*cg+ chsc+ dc cb0unsunc ;)unc ul &E% s+ sc cu0snccc ;)unc ul 7E% s+ culchg+ *bhdclc shu bsnc2hcc*slc cu0sncc+ u*ss ;)unc ul 6E 4s% cC *c0 dc s0)b* hn % dccsss/ chsh*% s+ hduc+ 0ul3u0s*s lus Du0nc.cu ;)unc ul (E% >cuhh*ss sc" <nsc0n<nd >0ul3u0s*c% *ccunb4 sn3+". Ccn *hls h ch 0b s/ulus c *clc/h + dc <ns+4s )*s0h bcu*cn3+ h c*0cnulus% <n ccn *ul )*b)*su".ss hl c+*3ss% 0cds h3sh 7B% hCh + )c hc ul cuhh*ss sc sns s u s/% Csnh cch dc Thsn+? hscs% )cn *u )*s0h bh*+ <n cu)*snsul *h h ulus% h)h*c 4s c*0cnul shc*h0cn hl )*b)*su".ss% s). Cuchrsstsh. <n 0h*ch 0hDb*s h c h ch.u*slb* 2scch*c )unc h*c c< c dbu+ = h0 s)unc cu un c*0cn 0u.schl = 0s4c+*s? )*s0h sn *bducc shu *csh c0h dc bh.+% hdsc+ hlcgb*c.h shu cCc0)lul culcs dsn ss b*sh shc*+% cch dc"h dbuh lc )c*sbnhls.ch.+% lc h)lsc+ lh ss uh3sh nc0sDlbcs + h cclus cc )*s0c4 c cu0sncc+ u*h 4s *chls.ch.+ hs 2cl% 2h3+ dc ns/clul )*s0ulus )unc % shl ul bn blbgsc hbsblu )*sn sngc*h*ch h*hncs ds/snc% *u)ul lus Ssus. S<n cbn/bch c un 0h*c nu0+* dc sccnc bsblscc )cn *u h cb0)unc s0hgsnch unsc+ h c*cdsncsbsulus cc"4s dc/b*ch.+ cC h sc Du0nc.cul cc"s /snc <n <n <0)snh*c 4s s sc b2c*+% s)*c h"& hducc lh Ssnc% ch Dc* 2+ sub sl+ 4s*bsnd dc s<ngclc s)s*s uhl hl Hbsblu ulus subs b*. P*sncs)hlul )*bccdcu s slss sc hl dsscu*sulus 0cds h s/ cstc phrhlclh6 0hs bh c 0cds h3sslc s<n cbns *us c )*sn )unc*ch <n )*c.cn3+ h uncs sccnc bsblscc shu h uncs hlcgb*ss 4s h *chls +3ss cuhh*ss scc <n 2h/bh*ch hccs csh dsn u*0+: )*bccdcul sc *cg+sc4 c 4s <n cb0)b.s3sh 2scc+*ush dsn *c cclc )h *u )unc c hlc 0cds h3sslb*% hlc+ us c% lh *<ndul lb*% dsn c< c dbu+ )h*hg*h2c 0cns c s+ sn cnss2scc hl c*nhn3h dc )lhnu*s. S *uc u*h hcchs h c *cs)cc h + cu s *sc c3c <n 0h*ch 0hDb*s h c h ch.u*slb*% cCcc)3sc 2+c<nd 0cds h3sslc cu ch*hc c* dc <nd*u0h*c 0hs gcnc*hl+% g*u)h c 0hs hlcs )*sn *c
7B
ul s0clc .ccc76. Mcds h3sslc s<n cC *c0 dc h cn b*ghns.h c 4s sc dcs2+4bh*+ )b *s/s uncs *s 0scs sub slc dc )bc0 cu 2b*0+ 2sC+% h0sn snd dss *sbu3sh c<0)u*slb* dc 2b*3+ h*gu0cn h s/c dsn sbnc % 2+*+ ch *sgbh*ch 2b*0hl+ s+ ds0snuc.c )bssbsls +3slc dc /h*sh3sc. Dc lh ls*ss0ul bucblsc hl 0cds h3scs 6(% dc b g*h3sc suh/+ ch dc c<n h*c hg*cs +% sn cnss h ch *+s*ss s)s*s uhlc sc <nhl3+ )<n+ lh )h c ss0ul ls u*gsc hl cC *hb*dsnh*cs 0cds h3ss B9% ch*c% *clu<nd 0b s/ul dc bh.+ hl Crstsc!nulus, /sh3h ch )c*cg*snh*c% dcs2+4bh*+ unh dsn cclc 0hs ulbu*+ bh*c /b*bs*s dcs)*c c+l+ b*sh <n 0bh* c cc nc h4 ch) + su2lc clc% schndh + dc dhng+ ul dsh2hn 0c hlsc hl snsc* u*slb* lh snc4 s. B cb0)h*h3sc cu 0b0cn ul ss0slh* dsn Crstsc!nul, SSS ;c*s sch h &&"h% >Sbhc*h /sc3ss"E% cbns *us cu s *+lucs*c 4s cl <n )*clungs*ch <ndclungh cs *hds3ss h > *sbunhlclb* 0b*3ss" dsn C/ul Mcdsu% dh* )+s *h <n *cgss *ul )*b2hn% d+ 0+su*h )*b2un.s0ss 0c h2s.scc lh ch*c hDungc G*hcs1n dsncblb dc sblu3sh c*cs *+ ls0s h + h Snsulcs Nc0u*s*ss? b0ul )bh c 2s cu hdc/+*h 0<n us lh ch)+ ul ul s0cs c+l+ b*ss% du)+ >un d*u0 lung 4s )*s0cDdsbs"% cu >c+*+*s nc0hsb+lu c% +*<0u*s nc0hs/+.u c"% c<nd b0ul sc )bh c )*cschs0bh <n Du0nc.cul <0)+* +4s 4s hccs h <n b0% d+snusnd >b /c4nscsc dc slh/+"? hcblb sc h2l+ hdc/+*h ul ccn *u hl Kssn3cs s)*c ch*c sndch s0)lscs 4s )clc*snhDul /sc3ss <n c*cs *s h c% hl c+*us scb)% dclbc snu sl <n )c*s)cc s/h hbsblu ulus%
c*h dbb<nds*ch )c*2cc3sunss b0cnc4 s dc )*s0+ sns hn3+% h >c*bscs +3ss" <n bh c scnsu*slc )*b)b/+dus + dc G*hcs1n. S"h* )+*ch% <n hcchs + b*dsnc dc sdcs% c+ G*hcs1n"P*cb ul &"h dclcgh )c G*hcs1n"Dss"cc*n+ b*ul s+ *hsc.c hh* h )*s0cs )+*3s h c+l+ b*scs nbhs *c s)*c nbs <n4snc: h 2+cu "b <n chs) slus *u% cu 0sDlbhcc h < dc slu.sbnss c% <nc< h0 2bs cn h3s s+"s d+0 us +*ss /bch3sh 2undh0cn hl+ 4s s+ hd0s*+0% chsh* dhc+ <n *ss h3s% un uns/c*s 2sns cbndh0nh lh ls)s+ dc *hnsccndcn3+. B*% Cu"sncct!rul *cs hbslc4 c )*b)b*3sslc 4s b2c*+ chcsh s *+dhnsslb* b0cnc4 s? dcs+/<*4s*ch )c*sbnhl+% du)+ nb*0clc h < dc Dudscsbs% )cnc *hn 4s dc.hbu.h *ccb0hndh c dc G*hcs1n% <n *"b lu0c h du)lscs +3ss 4s h *+ulus% nu <nsch0n+ dcc< b c h)+ )*cg+ s bh*c )cn *u 0h*ch *ccc*c dc )c u*0+. Hccs h c*cdc0 c+ c cs h0cn ul s)s*s uhl hl lus G*hcs1n% sc*ss <n &AB6% cu csncs hns <nhsn c dc 0bh* c% 4s dcghs.h sub h)h*cn3clc unus 0bdcs *h h )*hc sc dc cds2sch*c *clsgsbhs+. Nc<n3clcgc*ch hccs cs *chls +3s sc )c*)c uch.+% du)+ cu0 h0 /+.u % 4s <n )*c.cn . Pc scu* ? )cn *u nbs% Cu"sncct!rul, dc)h* c dc h 2s un cb0)*b0ss >dc sc*/scsu"% cbn snu+ 4s <ncununch.+% *+s)un.<nd unus s0bbld sn c*sb*% b)c*h dc 0b*hlss h lus G*hcs1n% c+*csh <s hdhug+ ds0cnssunch 0c h2s.sc+
76
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JPsc hcchs h )*s0h dsb+csc <n h* h )*scc)u3slb*? s+ 0+sbh*c ss uh3sh du)+ h* h lb* dc h sc hscundc. Mh*c s *h hgc0+ c s+ c h*+3s cunbh4 c*ss% nu <ns+ )+ *undc*ss% s+ h*+nc4 s h4 c) h*ch% dh* s+ n"b dc.h0+gc4 s nscsbdh + dc b : 0ul ul 2+g+dushsc+ 4s 0hs 0ul % sh* cch 0hs bun+ hc3sunc lhsc 0c*cu s)c*hn3c <n hl clc 0hs 0h*s. B+*bh ul cul sn c*.sc+ u u*b*h s+"s sbndc.c hd<ncs0ch ch)hcs +3ss% dhc+ /*ch ch b3s s+"& /cnc*c.c. Kb*0sdhbsl h 2bs un 2lu/su )<n+ cc s s"h g+ss /hdul% 4s /cnc*h un b+*bh )<n+ cc s"h 2bs cunbscu + ls0s h ch)hcs +3ss% )cn *u c+ b )*b2un.s0c sgnb*h + 4s b+nus + h <n *c3snu b dchunh% cu c0c*ch% 4s *c)u h3sh. H 2bs b cul + )*b)*sc h c s+ nu0c4 s dcscb)c*s*ch db0snh*c% /sc b*sh schs0b<ndu"4s su c su)u4ss? dhc+ csnc )+ *undc s +)<nc4 c% csnc sc hscundc nu ccdch.+ nscsbdh +. <n *chc+"sc dsb+csh )*c/cns ulus% <n h sc 0bdc*h% cu cu*sb.s h ch h cn ulus dc h"& cunbh4 c% c+cs ch bbs4nusc4 c h 2s dubl+ lh <ncc)u ul uncs <ncc*c+*s. Nscsbdh + h*unc+ b*ul dsbhcs dc suls3+ n"h ss)*+/s lh cch dsn <s h./<*ls*c: sc sh lh <n *ccc*c cu unul <n /cdc*ch hl ush% 4s lc"b sh 0c*cu <nhsn c. S<n h/hn hDclc 2ssn3cs sn2sns c dc h 0s.h 0ul cu *cs dc sn2sns h c. Hcchs + )*s0+ *cgul+ h 0+*c3scs <n4 ssn3ch.+ dhc+ nu s+ 2s0% s+ )+*c0 sn2sns3s% c+cs nu c sub sls h c dc *<nd. Hs 2cl <n3clcg<hd% ns0cns nu /h )*ccu)c3s h)lhu.c c*udulus )h*hdbC hl <n3clc) ulus dsn Ms slcnc? >Mhs 0ul c Du0+ h ch dcc< <n *cgul" '%
8
nccuprsndcrs hlc chphcstss6 Ck.Dssc. 7(: Br., 6% '(% &A9% &59% 755% 787. ...*ntrc#ul6 C /b*bh dc Ps hcbs dsn Ms slcnc% /c.s Dsbgcncs Lhc* sbs% Dcsprc scplc 4s d!ctrsnclc ksl!0!ksl!r, *hd. dsn ls0bh g*chc+ dc CS. Bhl0u4% s udsu sn *bduc s/ 4s cb0cn h*ss dc H*h0 M. K*hn2shn% Cds u*h Hchdc0scs% Bucu*c4 s% &'A6% S% S#% 5("8&. Ph*hdbCul <s h)h*3snc <ns+ lus Hcssbd% Muncs ss 0slc, /. 6'? >K+*+ s+ 4 sc cu c< c 0hs 0ul Du0+ h ch ch"n *cgul" ;T*hd. dc c2hn Bc.dcchs% Cds u*h ssn3s2sc+% Bucu*c4 s% &'B5% ). (AE. G*hcs1n *csh scn sn3h <n Br., &59. Scnsul )hshDclb* sc clh*s2sc+ <n Dssc, @#SSS.
40 CRBUL
HHRUL HL SS"LCH 41

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/bsn3cs s<n lc4snu*s hlc *c)u h3scs 4s% dhc+ sc 4s 0hns2cs +% <ndcbb4 c 0bh*c.
&9 &&
Ccl dsn <s c2b* *cu4c4 c s+ lc /sblc.c% ccl dc"hl dbslch% s+ lc dsss0ulc.c. Hcclh 3snc 0hs 0ul dc cu*hD% hccs h dc 4s*c cnsc. Csnc ls sc su)unc cbbbh*+ dc lh b0 lh dbbs bc% csnc lc 0hschch.+ <4s )+s *ch.+% ccl )u3sn <n h)h*cn3c% *c)u h3sh. P+ *undc*ch <n b*sch*c /bsn3+ h hl ush db/cdc4 c c0sncn3+ h ch)hcs +3ss 4s c db/hd+ dc su)c*sb*s h c h 4 s s+ 3s" b +snusc4 s )c"h h. C b unh s+"s dcscb)c*s unus b+*bh h2cc ul 4s s+ dcschs.s b )b* s3+ s)*c 2b* +*ch3h ch)hcs +3ss shlc% c+cs )c hcblb uncl csc )bls scc4 c h cn3ss% 4s ccl 0hs hdcsch hshl ch.+ cu *su02. B dh + 4 su c h2cc clc% s<n 4 su c sn *+*slc 4s sc4s*slc uncs /bsn3c% cu s +)<ns*c hsu)*h cs <n b*scc cls)+. Ncb0cnchsch )+g<ns0c s"h /ssh .cs )c 0ul3s cu nscs Du0+ h c dsn ss)*+/slc lus HlcChnd*u% )c c<nd 0hccdbnchnulus <ncununh cu lhu* s"h +g+dus ch cgb*sss*ch <n glbh h .cs +3slb*. Pc ccl cc"h bcu)h 0ul + lu0c &"h slus *h )u3sn cc*: dc cc <ns+ h < h h/h*s3sc lh h < h *sss)+O HlcChnd*u&6 4s"h <n uncch s)lcndbh*ch /s cDsslb* cu /ulgh*s h ch s.bucns*slb* dc 2u*sc 4s s"h dc.0sn3s )c ssnc% dc h < ch b*s *su02+ b*% su)un<ndu"sc snsblcn3cs h2cc ulus. Dc )u3sn 2blbs s"h 2bs cucc*s*ch uncs lu0s% dhc+ h )sc*du )h *s0bnsul unus su/c*hn% 4s hnu0c *c)u h3sh. Cs c Ch*sbd+ h cCccl+*ss cCccsul dc s*hscsbsls h c 4s Scsl+ h *c)u h3scs nc0bdc*h*ch )b2 clb*. B+*bh ul cCcclcn chu c% h4hdh*% 0hs <n <s s+"4s sslnscchsc+ )hssunslc shu 0+ch* s+ 4s lc 0hschc.c cu h < h dsb+csc% <nc< nscs b cbn *h/sclcnsc s+ nu s.bu chsc+ h"s dcscs2*h /bsn3h. Hh*ul hccs h c <n4 ssn3ch.+ s+ 2ss )*scc)u 2+*+ ch u s+ 2ss 4s sh"b <nhsn c ch s+ hcb)c*s b*scc dc2cc % dc.0sn3snd 2bs4bh*clc ncglsDcn3clb* 4s b*bsndu"s )c lsnc4ss <n unccs0ss hl b*h. Hcch ch blsc+ h0h.bhn+&(% du)+ ch*c S)hnsh n"h 0hs h/u dc cc s+ lc )s.0ushsc+ )c Zcnbbss% Tb0s*ssc% Sc0s*h0sdc 4s Pcn" csslcc&B% h )u u 2s b*hcbl hl hccs b* sub sls +3s. Sc <nchsdch% ch
&6
CRB!#

HHR!# H# SSS-#CH
43
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)*c2c*h + c un )*bccs lh *sbunhlul gus ulus. M+ b)*csc lh cch ch*c 0cnch hs 2cl? >Ksulc% dcsc"3s Du0nc.cu <n3clcgc*ch bsnclus."&8 <nd*+.nchlh% )*b0) s udsnch% sub sls h ch sngcnsb.s +3ss s<n sbh*c hl hccs cs lu0s <n cs2*u% dhc+ nu *h.+% lsc+* dc du0nc.cs*c. B*scc c*bu h <0)+* +4s un cCccs dc sngcnsb.s h c. S)usclc lus HlcChnd*u s<n s)lcndb*s hlc 2h) clb* lus. Cc.h* h 2bs lh 2cl dc )*b0) <n g<nds*c ch 4s"n 2+) us*c &' . H)*ccssnd <ns+ c*bss hdc/+*h3s79% <n Hugus sn sc cbn2und+ hugus s0ch cu hscu3s0ch% sh* <n lhu*ul d+*us dc Hucsch )cn *u <ncununh*ch Rb0cs s"hu <n *ccu s h b*nscsh 4s hscu3s0ch 79. Pc"h < dc 2hs c s<n )*b0) s udsnslc 0sn3ss% )c c< dc 2uncs c cclc hlc /bsn3cs. S<n h*s)s )cn *u 0+*c3sc% cu clc 0ul3s s"hu *sdsch dsn ccn *ul )ulbc*ss <n ccl hl sbh*clus% <n s *+lucs*s. Mh*clc u*c ch hdscss bdh + s+ dch 2h3+ 0hs dcg*hb+ cu /ulgul uncs g*+dsns dcc< cu ccl hl uncs )sc3c% c0ns3+ h 0hscs +3ss 4s bu uc hl cu/ssn3cs. <ncc)u s+ cs chsc+ b h<* sc )c ch*c /<n ul% 2sc dsn glu0+% 2sc <n *u dc.h0+gs*ch cclcs 0hs 0h*s hu b*s +3s% s"b .bu*+ dc sub )*s/s*s <n )ls/s*s 7&. H uncs )hDss% c0uls hs lus 4s"hs lb* <n4s4s% .bu*h*+ )c sch*+"n Dbs cu h*s)s dc lsngu4s*c. Unul dsn cs% Ghns"0cdc hl )*b)*scs sngcnsb.s +3s% 4 su s+ g+schsc+ scu* + u*+ )*sn /+.duh? sc"h*unc+ dc )c bhlcbn. Zbu*+% b lu+% 4s% )c c<nd ccslhl3s
&5
44 CRBUL
cbbb*hu% cl u*ch% 4s"hs 2cl u*c+ lh )*b)*su 4s chsh* sc *sdsc+% dcbh*ccc su/c*hnul% /+ds 0+guls % <l <n+l3+ <n 2h/bh*ch sh? c+cs hscu3s0ch% dhc+ nu db0nc4 c% 0c*s + s+ cb"db0nchsc+. Cs c% <n b*scc )b* % Dbchc*ul77 <n.cs *+*slb*% 0h*c c*hsnsc hl *c)u h3scs? *clsc2 cu"h < 0hs 0h*c% cu c< 0hs subls0+ c0clsh 76. S<n hscu3s0s <ncb*bnh c s)usclc bbs4nus c hlc unus *cgc. Psc*s "hu 0h*s c.hu*c hlc 0bnh*hslb*% dh* lc s<n )+s *h c scn sn3clc <n /ss c*sslc 2hs0cs. Mul b* lu) + b*s lc"h 2bs dc 0hs 0h*c hDu b* b hscu3s0c dcc< b 2sc*ul cschd*bhnclb* lb* <nh*0h c% )*c0su hl uncs hscu3s0s 2ssnd b /sc b*sc. H 2bs <ncc*ch*c% h 2bs )*bclh0h*c h cclus 0hs 0h*c c*cds % lh *cgclc <n3clc)3slb* 4s lh ccl 0hs <n3clc) dsn *c *cgs7(% )*b0) s udsnch scn cn3sbhs+ <n hcch cul0c h )*bccsclb*% c+cs hs h h <nsc0nh dss)u h*ch 2sslb* lh Dudcch +? 4s Dus s3sh c hc*cds h + dc sngcnsb.s h c. s chsh* <n *sbunhlc bh*bh*c sc 0hns2cs + ccl cc c sbh*clc cs. P*b0) s udsnch hcclus 0h*c u*c *s/hls.ch.+ cu hccch h lus Sblb0bn. Un c/*cu )*c sndch s+ hsc b uncsc dc ch*nc dsn *"un c*c4 sn% )cdch)s+ 4s ch0+ +: s +*ush <n *"hcchs h cu cghl+ <nc+)+3<nh*c 2h3+ dc su/c*hnul s+u 4s )c*2sdsc 2h3+ dc Du0nc.cul K s+u. Pb*uncs 0h*clc Dudcc+ b* s+ 2sc hdusc g*cu h c 4s cu3s ? <l h0cnsn3+ cu dcsc+)+3<nh*ch dhc+ +sh 0hs 0ul shu 0hs )u3sn. H *c c.h hs 2cl cu hscu3s0c dss)u h 4s"h dh lu0ss un 0s*hcbl dc sngcnsb.s h c7B. B*hcbl <n cclc 0hs 0h*s dubss c )*b0) s udsnch% s2snC <n cnsg0c% 2s* dc hu* <n lhbs*sn u*s% 4s bbs4nusc4 c s+ hsb+ 2s*ch lculus% ch*c"4s )+s *ch.+ 0hCs0h sslsn3+ )cn *u cch 0hs 0h*c hnhnghsc.
::
HHRUL HL S#"LCH
(B

7A
(A CRBUL
MhCs0+ cch h lus Cc.h*% ch*c nu g+sch chlc dc 0sDlbc <n *c b 4s ns0sc75. Sns0h c s b0hcul sb*3ss% 0ss usndu"s cu hccch4s /s cDsc cC *c0clc. B 0h*c )s)b + nu sc )b scnc4 c <n du0sch3s 0h*s% nu sc s *sc+ lcsnc dc h2cc h*c% nscs nu sc h0+*c4 c dc sng*h s udsnc. Kbh0ch unus u*sh4 c sndsgcs sh unus )s sc. Hccl 0s*hcbl dc cu*hD% /*chu s+ .sc dcl2snul K*hn3cs )c"h uncs 4s Ch*bl hl #H"lch 0hs h)bs% nb s2sc<ndu"s"sc hb +*<*ch s0uls+ <n su)*c0ul H)h*lh0cn P78 dc ccs dbs *cgs = ccl hl K*hn3cs% h +l s+u% 4s ccl hl Hnglcs% hd/c*sh*ul s+u = )*sn ch*c c*h dcclh*h snch)hbsl dc h u*0h lh cb*bhnh c*snslb*% *+s)unsc nc<n/sns c+ 2hcc h)cl. <l <n *cbh*+ us0s3s lh csnc. Sh* cl% lh 0+*c3sh sns0ss 4s lh /<*2ul s)hdcs shlc. s"h c<4 sgh . Nu s *+lucc4 c h < h)*bh)c /c4nscul dsh0hn 0<nd*u <n 0sDlbcul /b*hcslb* ch*bunculs% c< sb*s2sc+ 7' ;dhc+ sc )bh c nu0s h4h b hc3sunc h sbh*clusE b sns0+ hugus + <n *c /sblcn3clc uncs )*s0cDdss. H *+.bs cu nu0hs )h *u dsn *c"hs s+s 0bdc*nul Hhslc% Ch*bl C0hnucl hl Sh/bscs69% )*sn *c )h *u su c dc )lh b4c snh0scc% 4s h 0ul3u0s us0s*ch uns/c*shl+ .sc<nd c+ nu"s b/+*+4sc"n ccl 0hs 0h*c s0)hs ch hccch h uncs sns0s 0h*s. P*ssbsul cs 3snc lbc dc b*scc ls)s+% ch 2ssnd b dchunh )*s0h ch*c sh*c lh g*cu 4s <n/sngc. Rcgclus H*hbscs s"h 2bs <n2+3s4h un hhngc* dc Dh0hsc% 0+guls*c )cn *u *+.bbsnsc. Nbbslss dsn hulsch hsss cn3+ <l l+udh*+% nu dsn )bls c3c% cs cu d*c) h c% 4s% h cn3s lh 2snc3c 4s h* +% s"h* 2s <ncu0c h s+"& Dudccc d*c) *+snc dc b3cl% dc n"h* 2s )+c+ us bh*ccu0 )*sn scu* s0c. Rcgclc )b*uncs s+ 2sc chc0h )*sn3ul ch s+"4s dch 4s cl )+*c*ch% 4s )u ch% 2ssnd /cs s ul Shcbb Hl0hn.b*6&.
75 78
HHRUL HL #"LCH
47

67 66
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(8 CRBUL
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HHRUL HL #"LCH 49
68 6'
CRBUL
(& (7
C"sncn *n cc3s "hs !un6 C2. Br., A&% s lu sdcn sc. d!!*ndstc6 CCsgcn3+ 2b*0ulh + dc Sgnhcsb dc Lb!blh% C-crcstsh, &B9. (6 Hlc-hndru... dhc s3hr *ntrccc cu rc#ss6 Plu h*h nb ch.+ c+% <n *cbh >dhc+ h* /bs s+ sh )h* c lh hlc*g+*slc dc lh Bls0)sh = c+ c*h su c dc )scsb* = HlcChnd*u h *+s)uns LDcssgu* c"h4 /*ch% dhc+ 0"h4 luh lh <n *ccc*c cu *cgsQM" ;Dscs phrhlclc), >HlcChnd*u"% (% cd. N. S. Bh*bu /bs. SSS% ). 6B'.E HHRUL HL #l"LCH
B&
Un b+*bh 0hCs0 nu *cbusc s+ sc 0+*gsnchsc+ lh b )c*2cc3sunc shu hl h% cs% cu h0bs3ss dc sn2sns h c% s+ hs)s*c lh b uns/c*shls h c h)lhudhbsl+% )*b2un.s0ch cunb4 sn3clb* cb*cs)un.<nd cCcclcn3cs h* clb*. s nu c dc hDuns nscs b*scc cunbh4 c*c 2hcsl+ = hnghDh*c <n )*s)+ =% c+cs bbs4nusc4 c h 2s 0hs dcg*hb+ s sg0h dc 2lcc+*chl+ /hn+ dcc< c*cds dc c0csnsc+ sn cg*s h c. H dbb<nds c0sncn3h <n b ul nu c cch 0hs 0sc+ dsn *c s0)bssbsls +3s? nu dsn chu.h 0blc4clss h0bs3scs% cs dsn h s<*gusn3cs 4s chsh* h /sc3ss. CCc*cs3sul c 0sDlbcul dc <0)lsns*c <n ccch cc )*b2csc.s% dh* ls)sc4 c% c<nd 3s"c 0hs *cbusncsbs% s0)ul% 4s 0hs cu*<nd gus ul% <n *"b h < dc <nc<lcs + hc s/s h c. Nu s<n 0cdsbc*s +3s 0ul c dc"hDuns )cn *u h cbns s us b 0+*c3sc% dh* 2sc 4s nu0hs b c0sncn3+ )*ssbsc4 c )cn *u h hssgu*h su)c*sb*s h ch. Nu s"h )b0cns c*bu 2+*+ c0sncn3+ <n cc/h hnu0c% )cn *u c+ c b ch*hc c*ss sc+ h 0+*c3scs 4s% cu c< 0hs dss sns+ sluDbh% cu h < 0hs glb*sbhs+ h)lhudhbsls h ch. C0sncn3h <n *"b <n.cs *h*c h/hn hDh + c cb0)bncn hl su/c*hns +3ss% dcbh*ccc hDungc s+"4s )*c snd+ 0bdul s+u )*b)*su dc /cnc*h*c. s dhc+ 4s )cs c un glbb dc /<n % db0nsnd cu c0sncn3+% *su02s hsu)*h hd0s*h3scs% cu0 /h 2s s+ db0nc4 s cu ch )cs c un b3cl% b )hn+% un bshg% un bhs bn% un scc) *u% b sh*+O Hccl Mh* c chs slshn% dc lh ch*c s"h .ss >Chs slsh c+)s hns% dhc+ H*hgbnul *cgs"% dbn Dscgb Pc*c. dc #h*ghs ((% cu 0hs 0ul c ss)*+/s dcc< .slc% s"h *c *hs ch s+ 4s lc ss)*+/chsc+ <n Jc*c. dc lh K*bn c*h. S"h *c *hs cl% nu <ns+ 4s 2hs0h lus% ch*c% cu 2scch*c .s% sc l+3ch 0hs 0ul <n ch *ul uns/c*sulus. H *hs dc ch% Hl2bnsb (B% *cgc nb/scc% dh* /cchs hd0s*h b* hl uncs c0sncn3c% 4s 0hs cu sch0+"n h*0c% s"h dus dcghs.h s+"& chu c% cu nu0hs )h *u ch/hlc*s.
((
(B
B7
CRBUL
C+ c0sncn3h c 0hgnc hl /bsn3clb*% sh + b /*hD+ h h2cc ulus. B dh + hDuns lh Jc*c. 4s lh cl hchs+% *cgclc nu"& g+ss hcblb% dcbh*ccc #h*ghs% <n/+3h s+ lu) c% <4s h0+gch lh c<0) gcnc*bhsh )b*ns*c. Rcgclc% ch*c nu )*cgc hsc h 0c*gc dc lh cu* c lh Jc*c. ch s+"& chu c% nu 4b/+s s+ 0ch*g+ dc"hcblb lh 2c*0+. <l .+*s*+ dc dc)h* c% cu un cbsb* <n 0<n+ dcsc+)+3<nh /s3c ch hl +dh + /sc3s. Hl2bnsb )b*uncs s+ 2hc+ )b)hs% 4s hs s+s sc hscunsc*+. Cbbb*< dc )c chl 4s% cu 0hscs ubhs+ 2slb s0sc% <ncc)u s"hdunc cu*)cnss )c ch*c #h*ghs% ncb+g<nd dc sch0+% <s +sh. Sc"n <0)l+ s+"n bh*c+ <ns+ ch)ul% s <*ns dc /*cun .gb0b 2+cu dc *cgc shu = ccch cc c 0hs ssgu* = dc b )b*ns*c 2sdcl+ h sns0ss shlc. s c<nd b *ccunbscu )c 0hscs h ch sh% s sc h*unc+ lh )scsbh*c% du)+ bbsccsul s0)ulus% 4s .ssc? >Dbh0nc% cc 2hcs hscsO" >#c.s"3s dc *chb+% #h*ghs% .ssc Hl2bnsb% c+cs cu0 c +sc b*ul% h4h c 4s s *<ng+ b*ul dc cu*)cns."(A B *su02 hl uncs c0sncn3cQ
N+.ushsc+ lh ch b+*bh ul *h*. cu <nc*cdsn3h*ch c+ b cc"& /h cbs h ch bs cnchl+ /h *cdbb<nds <n chs) dc cclcb*s h c. C+cs nu s0)*b)*su s"h cbnshc*h )+g<n+ h ch lus Hc*culc bbul% ch 0ss c* hl 2h) ulus c+ 0unch l+udhbsl+ c un sc0+nh dc ss)*+/s cc 2+g+dusc4 c *ccbl + dc 2hs0+% dc h)lhu.c% dc nc0u*s*c.

(A (5 (8
str*n#t!rul dc cu*)cns? #c.s nb clc )*cccdcn c% (( 4s (B. C-cclhrc cu *nt*scthtc6 C2. Br.. A6. cu s lu sdcn sc su!0sstcnh pr!st pltst6 Hlu.sc lh unh dsn )*c/cdc*slc /cchsulus d*c) )h *s0bnshl h*ss bc*h sc dsn S)hnsh $Rcc!pslhcs!n H&BA5P h lus Ksls) hl Sl"lch% ch* ch #% s lul #SS% lcgslc &"5E )b *s/s c+*ush )*s0ulus n+scu <s *c/cnch <n *chgh h/c*c s0bbsl+% snhlscnhbsl+% 4s s lul nbbslsh* $"h9!rh0#!), <0)*cun+ cu bblsgh3sh dc h hssgu*h lh cc*c*c% sub.ss cn3h cclb*lhl3s 2*h3s.
HHRUL HL #SS"LCH
B6
H <ncc h s+"s )*c3ushsc+ ncs h b*nsch )+g<n+ h c )c n+scbcs b*ss h* clb* 4s h *ccu lh /cnc*h*ch lb*. H schs0bh )*c3us*ch <n cul ? g*c4chl+ bbs4nus +% dh* ch*c(' /+dc4 c c< /hlb*ch.+ b )*sb*s h c. Khlh <ns+ nu c s+ 2ss )*s0ul <n s0)% cs s+ 2ss )*s0ul <n c0sncn3+. Plu*hls h ch <4s cs c ch <ns+4s dssc*cds % chsh* <n ch*h c )*c3sbhsc: 4s% ds0)b *s/+% *h*s h ch lhud+ )c*2cc3sunch 0bdc*h +. C% h4hdh*% dsb+csc nu dc *<nd s+ n+scbcc4 s 4lchu nbu )cn *u cCcclh*c% s+ dcscb)c*s d*u0 0bdc*n )cn *u cclcb*s h c. S<n 0ul c c+slc cc duc lh ssngulh*s h c% nu bh c b+ u c. Cclc 0hs nbs% dc4s *udnscc% bbs4nuscsc h 2s scu* + u*s c+ *c 0+*c3sc. H h)uch "b <n3clc)3c4 c Sblb0bn )c chlch cch )h4nsc+% l+s<ndu"s"b h +lus s+u )c cch *+.bbsnsc+. H schs0bh chlch 4s h hDuns cu 0hs )u3sn+ g*cu h c lh ch cgb*sh c*bslb*. Tsbc*su h )*c2c*h s+ bb3sn+ )*sn )bls sc+ ccch cc Hugus us )*sn 0hgnhns0s h c. s 0h*clc nbs *u Ksls) h gu/c*nh dc )c *bnul )*udcn3cs shlc <n *chgh lu0c% s)*c 0snunh*ch /chcu*slb* bh c. s dhc+ Cc.h*ul% nc<n/snsul s+u h +% h 2bs un )*bdsgsu dc /s cDsc% Ksls) h 2bs unul dc )*udcn3+. Hu u*ch cu s2h ul hccs h 0ul3s dsn *c sb*ss Bssc*scss <n .cns ul cclcb*s +3ss. Unss )*sn c0sncn + s2sn3cnsc% hl3ss )*sn cul0s dc c*uds3sc: cu h*c )*sn 0hgns2sccn3+ <n cbns *uc3ss% 4s cu h*c )cn *u c+ h 4 su s+ *clsc2c.c dc0ns h ch. Cu hcchs + nbu h c dc 0h c*ss% h/s.h3ss 4s"hu 2+cu <n b dchunh lbc <n 0h *scblh cclb* 0h*s. K+*+ h sc4s dsn h* +% sngcnsb.s h ch 4 sc s+ shs+ dsn bbs4nus 4s s+ g+schsc+ <n )*b2cssh <nc+*un3s + )hs nbu c+ *c c0sncn3+. Hb*h3su s"h ccdh c*bscul lus #s*gslsu% sh* Mh*3shl lus Hb*h3su ls*scul. Hu luh "b )*sn cb0sc Tc*cn3su% )*sn sh s*sc Pc*ssus% cu b3ss hs)s*<nd lh 0<nd*sh dc h 2s )*s0ss <n gcnul lb*? sns0bsul ch)*scsu nu s" h )lcch nscsbdh + s0s h3scs 2hcslc. Ccl+lhl b*h/ )sc b*B9 h /+.u ch Ts3shn% Rh2hcl 4s hl3ss s"b luhsc*+ <nhsn c. Lc c*h 0hs /sc 2hs0h c<nd hu 0u*s . S"h 2blbss dc sn/cn s"
('
CRBUL

h )*bblc0cs h dh "b <ns+ Hngcl #cguc ! Gbldbns% >Un lugh* cb0un cn lh hss b*sh dcl h* c cs)h2sbl? Cl ch0bsb dc cs slb cn Tscshnb%
Nh/h**c c% Cl G*ccb ! #clh.Fuc."% <n Hrchs ! csphh!l dc hrtc 9 hsAuc!l!#sh, Mhd*sd% &'78% n. &9% cnc*b"hb*sl% )). B5"B'. <n cC ul s+u% G*hcs1n h u*0h un )hshD dsn Hn bnsb Pc*c. $B!rhs 9 rclhcs!ncs), 2h) sc0nhlh <nc+ dc H. Cbs c* $!p.cst., )).&9&"&97E. G*hcs1n% h)bs% h 2bs u*0h dc Bbuhbu*s% <n Cntrctscns dHrsstc ct d Cu#cnc ;>Lc bcl cs)*s "% S#c cn *c scn% Ph*ss% &A5&E% b 2+*+ cs h*ch )*b/cnscn3cs. #cguc sus3snc c+ )sc b*ul <n chcs sunc h* 2s 2bs Nh/h**c c ccl Mu % c+*ush P. Ssgucn.h <s h *sbussc h2s*0h3sh dc 0hs sus <n &A9B ;<n Hsst!rsh dc lh Brdcn dc Shn 8cr!ns"!), c<nd #clh.Fuc. h/ch dbh* 4hsc hns. C /b*bh% dc 2h) % dc un lbc cb0un% ch*c h)h*c <n ss b*sh h* cs% 2ssnd dcscb*s u sls.h bun+bh*+ dc #hsh*s. <nsu4s Phlb0snb% )c ch*c sc bh.h h*gu0cn h3sh lus Mb*cl"Kh sb% <l h *sbussc 0hs 0ul b* )sc b*s. $Hpud HH"BG.BC% ). &5b% nb h &.E B& !!ls#hsslc hplhudh!slc. C2. Br., A5. S: #l!rsh Hlcsdulus6 Hlcsdcs ;Hl2csdcsE% hl nu0c hl lus Hc*h2lcsHc*culcs% cs c lcgh dc lcgcndh nh4 c*ss cbhnc h c*bulus% 2su hl lus Hns)hs *!bn 4s nc)b hl lus Hl2hsbs% >#s ch.ul".
HHRUL HL #SSS"LCH
BB
)<n+ lh 0h*gsnslc lu0ss 4s"h* 2s *ccu 4s dsncblb% dhc+ clc s"h* 2s l+*gs . Ch*hc c*ul nc)l+cu hl sluDbcs &"h cs*cu0sc*ss )c Ch b <n+un *ul .sdu*slb* Rb0cs. Cu bh c hccs ch% unss% 4s nu dsn *c ccs 0hs )u3sns Dudscsb4s% )*c2c*+ <ndclc nscs*ch 0+shs *+ hcclcsh 0hs h)lhudhbslc% 4s )cn *u cs /hlb*ch.+ 0hs 0ul hd0s*h3sh cclb* )u3sns dcc< h)lhu.clc cclb* 0ul3s% dh* /ulgh*s. Ms*hcblc )cn *u sgnb*hn3s ls sc .scc 2h) clb* h)hludhbslc. Hnc/bsn3+% 0+scs *sh uncs <ndclc nscs*s su)c*sbh*c% )u3sns% dh* c0sncn3s% lc bbsc*/+% 4s hs 2cl% ccs *h*s lc hc*cds ch.+. Khcsls h ch h)lhud+*ss ls sc"ng+dusc u u*b*h% sc /ulgh*s.ch.+% 4s hs 2cl h)lhu.clc s<n )c c< dc uns/c*shlc% )c"h < dc cb0unc. Sn cnss h ch unus 0sc nu0+* <n/sngc nu0+*ul 0h*c hl unus /ulg <n *cg. C <ns+ b dsb+csc s+ dhs dc sluDbclc h)lhudhbslc. Cs c un hc dc Dudscsb.s h c s+ hdc0cnc4 s h cn3sh cb0un+. <n <ndclc nscs*ch h)lhudhbsl+% c0sncn3h ls sc h*h + u u*b*h% 4s cu /b u*slc u u*b*h h 2bs )*b0b/h + 4s *c)u h3sh. Cu/snc"ls"sc )*c3us*c 0hs 0ul + cclb* 0hs 0h*s. <n h h*c ss)*+/s% cCcclcn3h cs c )s)+sbsl+: 4s% dhc+ c/sdcn +% h)lhudhbsl+. Cclc 0+scs *c hu 0ul c h*chnc% l+s<nd cclcb*s h ch <n dubsu. Nu0csc sluDb+ h)lhudhbsl+ hccch ch*c sc s+/<*4c4 c <n /+.ul u u*b*h 4s s)*c sh ss2hc3sh u u*b*h% <n c0csndu"sc 0c*cu )c *c)u h3sc? sc cCclud hcclch )c"h < dc ls)ss c dc c*cds % )c c< dc <0)b/+*h c dc bs cn h3sc. Un hss *sbn *+sc4 c bbgh <n h)lhu.c% dh* s+*hc ls)s <n *c)u h3sc. H 2s% dh*% c0sncn <n *"b <ndclc nscs*c nbbsl+% cC)us+ ch *ulus uns/c*shl% hcchs h <nsch0n+ h dbb<nds h)lhudhbsls h c hugus +. Bh*c cc )*sncs)s bcu)+ ch hlbhgclc 2hs0cs% dhc+ nu ccs *+.bbsnscsO Lb* ls sc dh b*ch.+ lh )*b)*su *cnu0clc dc 0h*s. Cs u0)lu lu0ch dc h)lhu.c% /chcu*slc dc 2hs0+% c+*3slc dc b*h/u*s% c+cs bcls"cb.s h ch cs c 0hs lcsnc h)lhudhbsl+ dcc< )hcs2ss0ul. Dsn *<ndul Dudcc+ b*slb* s<n hlc4s ch nc0u*s b*s ccs sc/c*s% )cn *u c+ Dus s3sh 2+*+ c*u.s0c h 2bs <n bdchunh 0hs )l+cu + /ulgulus dcc< 0slh 0blh sc+. <n <ndclc nscs*slc sngcnsb.s +3ss h *su02h <n b dchunh h)lhudhbsls h ch. Dulcch3h unus dsscu*s h)lhudhbsl *cc*cch.+ su2lc ul% 0+gulc4 c hu.ul? )c c<nd usc+csunch unus cbncc) h*chnsc lc b* u*ch.+ 4s lc su)+*+.
BA

B6

Bbh* h% )c c< dc *cnu0s +% )c"h < dc )u3sn cunbscu +% nu c hl cc/h% cu0sn c 4s chsh* ch blsc /b*bsnd% dcc< hcch 0h*c 0h0+ h <n <0)l+*slb* 4s 0h*c 2ssc+ h su)*c0cs P*b/sdcn3c. /cghsnd 0c*cu hsu)*h chu.clb* shlc. bh /bsnd% bh <ng+dusnd. Ch cs c hcch *cgsn+ h < dc su/c*hn+% snsbndhbsl+% sncCb*hbsl+% .<0bs bh*c cu unss% dss)*c3us bh*c cu hl3ss% c<nd 0h0+. c<nd 0h4 c*+% nu dsn )hssunc% cs dsn hsnh unb* Dudcc+3s snhcccssbslc. B *cgul+ <n *u b ul dc 0hc4 *s hs dsscc*nc*ss )cls scc c s+"3s bbsc*/s sbh* h )*b)*sc 4s )c cch h )h* s.hnslb* +s. Ccl ch*c 4s"h ss03s "b 0h0+% s+ sc bucu*c dc hu.u*% s+ sc h/<n c cu b cu*hDul? c+cs% ch <nd*+gbs s % sc lhs+ 0+guls dc <nc*cdc*c. Cc.h* <4s luhsc bsnc )ulsul sb*3ss% h uncs c<nd% <nsu2lc3sndu"& )c cb*+bsc*ul dcscu*hDh % <s s)unch? >Nu c c0c% c+ Dsgnc4 s sbh* h lus Cc.h*."BB N"h g+ss hncb*+ 0hs ssgu*+ ch /b*bh hcchs h. Nu s"h c0u dc /<n u*slc )b *s/nscc b0ul cc h/ch <n )u)h su2l+*slc sb*3ss shlc. Cc cbn ch.+ c+ sc ulbu*+ /+.duhul% dhc+ cc*ul cs c scnsnO c+ 0h*ch u*l+% dhc+ s clclc s<n *<.+ bh*cO
B( BB
CRBUL
BA B5
HHRUL HL @S"LCH
B'
Dc hh*ul hccs h )bls sc 3snc 4 ssn3h dc h"s dsscc*nc )c ccs *+s2+3h3s 4s )c ccs /s *cgs3s dc sbh* +% )cn *u ch% <n <n *ccc*c% s+ s.bc4 s shu s+ ccdc.s.
Sbls0hn h )*c/cns 0h*ch 4hns+ h ch blsculus nbs *u Mh* c% hl csncslch dsn *c Ch*bls% ch s+ *+0<n+ cu*hDul <n s2c*h lus. Mhs 0ul s"h c0u dc ch dcc< dc bh c *cgs0cn clc H)usulus% <ng<ndu*h*c )cn *u hl3ss. S"h db0bls <nc+ lh s0)% 4s hcchs h s"h shl/h % dhc+ nu *c)u h3sh% dc ch*c sc dc)+* h% cb*bhnh. Nu lh 2cl <n <sul K*hncssc hl K*hn3cs% ch*c h )*c2c*h s+"4s sgnb*c sbh* h )*b)*sc 4s )c cch h cc.h*ulus% 4s hs 2cl% ch dclsnc/cn hl )*udcn3cs% h 2bs bs<nds lh <nchssbh*cB'. Sbh* h )*sclnsc+ 4s cch )b *s/nsc+ s<n dc bbsccs 0bls)ss bh*c )cn *u ccs dsn )*chD0+. S+ sh% dh*% sch0h dsscc*n+ b*ul cu csnc sc d+ 4s% <n Dbcul hccs us *su02% s+ <n/c3c h luh b ch* c bun+.shu h schs0bh ch* ch cu c<4 sg.

B' A9
*nchss!hrc6 Sc *c2c*+ lh ch) s/s h ch lus K*hncssc S <n h4h"nu0s h Tb**c dc lbs LuDhncs% dsn Mhd*sd. ... c*4ts#t!hrc6 C2. Br., 68. A& ... sth!slsthtc6 Bh llb*s 4s Pc*hl h ;BG. BC S% ). 7B8E h *hg h cn3sh c+ )cn *u <n3clcgc*ch hccs us )*s0 )h*hg*h2 *cbusc s+ h/c0 <n /cdc*c <0)*cDu*h*ch c+ 2slb.b2sh )bls sc+ h /*c0ss sc hCh )c %.*h3sunch dc s h "% <n /*c0c cc G*hcs1n 4s cbn c0)b*hnss s+s )c*cc)chu b 0hs hcu % <n S)hnsh% bc0hs sns hbsls h ch s h ulus. <n *hducc*c% cchs/hl+0 s). csthd! )*sn dbu+ cu/sn c% >s h*c" 4s >s h ". A9
CRBUL
ch s+"& cbnsblc.c )c <0)+*h lh Mc .% c+ n"h*c nu0hs ncs h b*nscsc dc 2c0csc% cs 4s u4u*+ h c dc 2h + c<nd h*c dc"h 2hcc cu 2l+c+sA7. Cu unul .sc <ns+ c+ nu s<n ncs h b*nscss u4u*h scc dc 2c0csc% cs hl c*n+*s hlc uncs )*chDus c )*b/sdcn3c. Ns0c*s c ch b+*bh ul s+ 2sc b+*bh 4s h4h? s+ sc hd+)bs chsc+ <n hl h*ul uncs *c)lsc*s bnb*hbslc% )cn *u c+ lh 2cl dc glb*sbhs+ c b *c *hgc*c 2*u0bhs+ ch 4s un h hc /s cDcscA6. S<n <ns+ hsd*b)scs hs nb*bculus% ch*c n"hu +*sh dc h sc <n/sngc )c ssnc. dhc+ Kb* unh lc d+ h)+ lh 0bh*+ A(. Ksc )sld+ hugus + )cn *u hh*ul hccs h 0h*clc <n <sn+scu hl sb*3ss 4s"hl nb*bculus% ccl 0hs 0h*c dsn *c Ch*bls AB 4s chsh* dsn *c c*bs. s"h <ncb*bnh cu un s2<*4s )*udcn bh c ss)*+/slc hccs )*chglb"*sbs <0)+*h . H *su02h hsu)*h uns/c*sulus cu hDu b*ul sb*3ss% sh* lh u*0+ h *su02h hsu)*h sb*3ss <nsc4s. H 4 su s+ sc *c *hg+% )ccc " lusndu"4s hs 2cl 2h) clc 0+*c3c. s"hu )sc*du hl3ss% ds0)b *s/+% b ch)s hlul dc 2hs0+ ch )cdch)s+ h l+cb0scs lb*. Hu h/u un s2<*4s 0bns *ubs 0h*s <ncc)u u*s dc nb*bcs*c% ch*c% dc s"h* 2s bh.h )c hcchs + s *h hgc0+% 4s"h* 2s )us lh hd+)bs *c)u h3sh. Un sncl h*unch <n 0h*c 4s <nh)bsh <n ss)c ul unus )c4 c )*sns h* )u ch hssgu*h lcg+0<n ul dc ncdcs)+*3cnsc dsn *c Pblsc*h c"A 4s Kb* unh. Dh* )u3sn 0hs <*.su% 0un clc Mschlcnsss h 2bs ch *u *hgsc hl ds/b*3ulus.
A6 A(
AB
H b*bs Bcls.h*scA5% ch s+ dcschsd+ hl3ss bchss% sh* Lunh S)hnscsA8 s"h ccls)sh ch s+ dch lu0sn+ 0ul b*h. Nu cCss + h* + dc h luh )ulsul nb*bculus% dcbh*ccc u0bh*ch lus c hnb*0hl+: nc )*c/sn unclc sc0nc dc dcclsn. P*bs)c*s h ch 2bh* c g*+bs +% c<nd nb*bhcclc sc buluccsc unclc )cs c hl clc% h 2bs b dchunh <ndbsclnsc+% )cn *u c+ sbh* h bbs4nusc4 c s+ scu* c.c s0)ul )*b)b*3sbnhl cu hh <*ul hcu0ulh . Nb*bcul <n/cchs chdc <n dcc*c) s udsnc: 4s ncnb*bcul lh cC *c0c c h)*bh)c dc <nd*c) h*c. Hbul. 0hu*A'% 2*h c hl *cgclus G*hnhdcs% c*h ch) s/ <n Shlb"b*cnh 4s% ch s+"4s dc.0sn + ncnb*bhcclc cbn2s*0h c% s"h )us s+ Dbhcc 4hh% <ncc*ch*c cu*h + h Dbculus sb*3ss. Sbss <n *"hccs ch cu*sc*ul 0b*3ss shlc% c+cs ch nc hlch*g+ 0c*cu cu )b4 h. Hbul cc*u dbu+ b*c dc /sh3+: cb0ssh*ulus s sc )+*u 0ul 4s"s hcb*d+ dbh* h < h c< s+ s2<*4chsc+ )h* sdh <ncc)u +. S"h s)us"b nbcb*ul. 4s"h c<4 sgh /sh3h 4s chsh* *cgh ul% dcbh*ccc% <nhsn c dc"h b s2<*4s% sbss hl 0cshD cu /sh3h 4s cb*bhnh% )c ch*c% )*sn 0bh* ch *cgclus% s lc b2c*ch G*hnhdh. Tb h <3sh hu u*ch dc lh cu3s lh cb*bhn+ c<3s hu 4s cbbb*< dc lh cb*bhn+ lh cu3s . <nghs3s0 0hs lcsnc du0sch3ss ccs gus b4s hs nb*bculus cu hc*u"dulcclc unus ghsnsbn.
Sbh* h c cb*sh*+% h4 ch) + s+ sc <nch*cc cb*+bsslc. Cbn *h"/sclc4ugul 2sc g*+bs*ch sn *+*ss <n )b* .
S
A7 CRBUL

H u3sn c s+ cucc*c4 s sn clcc ul% dhc+ nu c<4 sgs /bsn3h: 4s 0ul % s+ su)us% b dh + cu hd0s*h3sh% h2cc3sunch. Mul3s% cu <n2+) us*s h)lhudhbslc% <n *c3sn c*cds ul% dh* nu bun+/bsn3h. H dbb<nds hcchs + ss0)h sc uns/c*shl+ 3snc cu0/h dc s ch: ccl 0hs 0ul % dc s *+dusn3h )*b)*sc. Cugc h"/b* hl3ss ds0)b *s/+% c<nd% lh cghls h c dc 0c*s c% h)lhu.clc *+s)und dss)*b)b*3sbnh . Ccch cc lh unul h 2bs 0hgnc hl /bsn3clb* cs c% lh hl ul% /*hD+. Cu <ns+ b dchunh /bs hcb*dh s)*sDsn )*s/slcgsh h* cs. Nu"s dc hDuns c0sncn3+ <n <n.cs *+*s )cn *u ss0)h sh bh0cnslb*% dc4s sc sub<n3clcgc. Lcsnc c s+ c<4 sgs h2cc ul% b dh + hdc0cns cbncc) ul% dcbh*ccc s s0h cbn/bhc+ h2cc3sunch. H s *uns <n chs) 2c*scs 0sDlbhcclc c+ *c hcchs + ss0)h sc bb4 chsc+% dh* nu 4s c+ *c cch h *cgclus s+u% 2uncs ul slus *u ducc dc Gussc5&% )c ch*c &"h 2+cu 0h*c un *cgc% 2h/b*s.<ndu"&% 4s <nc+ 0hs 0h*c hl ul% <n *cc<ndu"sc? hl *cslch% .sc% dsn *c Hcn*scss 2*hncc.s. Kh hl nu0c )cn *u su/c*hns <n b*scc 0bnh*hsc? c+cs lh sn4s h < dc sus)u4s )<n+ 4s nu0clc dcscs2*ch.+ b*hcblc. Rcgclc hccs h <s <n *cb+ <n *"b .s )c /hshlss s+s? >Cc 2hcc dc Gussc dc"s /*+Dc4 c h4h )c bh0cnsO" R+s)unsc unul% cu* chn cC *h/hghn )*sn unscs h c <n /*c0u*slc hccs ch? >Ss*c% 2hcc*c dc bsnc% cu h0<ndbu+ 0<snslc? )c ccl lh ch*c nu hDung ds*cc <n*<u*s"*slc shlc bsnc2+c+ bh*c% <l h sng )*sn *+s2*<ngc*c: sh* dhc+ nu 2h) c% /b*bc. Nu c cununsc )c ch*c s+ n"b s+*b+ b*chsc+% bb c. lh ch*c s+ nu 2sc nh4% <n0b*0<n h*c )c ch*c s+ nu b bnb*c.c: c cu* cns b*% b0cnbs% 0+*sns0bs% <s *cs)cc + )c b3s% nu clc/c c4 c )c ns0cns 4s% )c scu* % cl cs c *cgclc <n h2cc % chsh* dhc+ 0hscs h ch /bhs *+ <n c2cc ."
HHRUL HL @SS"LCH A6
Kc*scs + ss0)h sc% dhc+ h* 2s <n2*+3s "b cu hccch h *cgclus s+u% c+cs nu lc s + <n 2s*c s+ sc cCclud+. B*sc< h* sus3snc Bhsh.sd c+ h)lhudhbsls h ch 0snss *ulus )*b/bhc+ nc<nc*cdc*ch s +)<nulus. s hdc/+*h c c+ hccch h lus Du0nc.cu% h *cgclus 4s h bh0cnslb* s<n *cs g*h3ss 0hs 2*u0bhsc dcc< cclc )c ch*c 4s lc"hu <nchs)us hn scss. <4s dhu 0<nh unh hl csh% <nl+n3usndu"sc us *clc s *<ns: 4s dhc+ c s+ ls)schsc+ unh% 2sc <n b*dsnc. Cch 0hs )b *s/s + /*hD+ ch s+ 2ss subs c s+ subc4 s. #ulgul c <n cC h. c<nd gbnc4 c du)+ csnc/h% dh* 2u*sbs c<nd )*sgbnc4 c. P*s0ul nbbsl hl sus cs lus c% du)+ )+*c*c% cu* cnsh 4s gcnc*b.s h ch? cu hccs ch h hDuns Ts us s+ 2sc nu0s >dcs2+ h*c h uns/c*sulus". Cu/<n ul bsnc/bs b* hl unus su)c*sb* cghlch.+ hc3sunch unus cghl% sh* cu* cnsh unus )*sncs)c <n *ccc dh*ul unus cc +3chn. Dbh* )cn *u c+ 4s"h us h b cls)+ 0hscs h ch 4s h cbbb*< dc )c chl s)*c h"& hDu h )c un 3+*hn h cucc*s 0+*sns0bsul dbn Hlbnsb57 .sdu*slc <n +*s c hlc Ghc cs% )c ch*c% dbh* cu bb0bh*dc% nu lc"h* 2s 4 s*bs <n 0ul c .slc. H sn *h <n <s <n sns0s% sh* h)bs% cu *su02% <n cc h c. Unss )cs c 0+su*+ c*s scs nu"s g+scsc cclus 0h*c dsn *c c+)s hns56% 4s u*sh4 <n *c c*bs% hl c 0c*s c )cn *u hn bnb0h.h lus dcc< bun+/bsn3h bb4 chsc+. Cu h4 .scc c+% <n )lu*hls h ch <n.cs *+*slb*% /*cdnsc+ 2scch*c dc *cnu0clc h)lhudhbsl% hcchs h h 2bs cch 0hs
2c*scs +. CCss + 4s b ss0)h sc h ss b*scslb*% h < dsn hh sc*c% c< 4s dsn nc0u*s*c% )cn *u c+ )cnclc lb* s<n cclc hlc 2hs0cs. Clc )b* *c s.ch.+ nu succcsclc nh u*ss% cs )c cclc hlc su2lc ulus. Hccl 2cnsC Cb*/sn5(% glb*sc h Ungh*scs% bbs4nush s+ s)un+% 4s <nc+ 0hs bsnc s+ )un+ <n
57
56
HHRUL HL @S#"LCH
AB

Uc.sn/bl u*h% su2lc hl b*sc+*cs <n.cs *+*s% /sh3+ h b*sc+*cs dcs+"/<*4s*s% clcghn3+ h hc3sunslb*% g*h3sc h cu/sn clb* 4s /*hD+ h b*sc+*us bun"gus % scducc sn clsgcn3h 4s dcs2sdc cC)lsch3sh. Cs c un *clsc2 hl *clsc2u*slb* 4s cs c b 2*u0usc3c cscn3shl+. Cclclhl c <n.cs *+*s <0)bdbbcsc nh u*h% dh* 2h*0ccul *clsc2ch.+ <nsc4s <n.cs *+*slc. Hs 2cl <nc< c )c*2cc3sunc h <nsc4s )c*2cc3sunss% cu 2*u0usc3c su)c*sbh*+% cu g*h3sc uns/c*shl+. Cbns + <n *"b hnu0s + dss snc3sc% <n *"b clcghn3+ sndscsbsl+% h < <n /b*b+% c< 4s <n 2h) +% )<n+ 4s <n cugc h*c. Cs c <nn+scu <n cch 0hs 0h*c 0+su*+% cs c <ndh b*h bbsc*/+*ss <n cch 0hs 0sc+ 0+su*+. P<n+ hcu0 nu s"h su)us nscsbdh + /*cunus )*ccc) % 0c*cu su)c*sb* b*sc+*cs h* c. Ch unus *+)s b* hl gus ulus% s s"h .ss c<*lsg: dh b*s + s0)c*cc)" sls +3ss% g*h3sc: dh b*s + <nsu2lc3s*ss% h *hc3sc: dh b*s + scduc3scs% dc.sn/bl u*+: dh b*s + <nlcsns*ss% dcghDh*c? c+cs bh c hccs c nu0c s lc"hu c+u h db*sn3h 4s hnc/bsn3h dc h"& dcsc*sc. SS b2cns+0 dhc+"& cbn2und+0 cu <nlcsns*ch: b lhs+ 2bh* c 0ul <n u*0+ 4s <n *ccc s *+lucs*ch. Dc4s b*scc dc.sn/bl u*+ )*csu)unc h)lb0b% hdhug+ <ns+ dcs+/<*4s*c. Hc3sunslc <4s hu Lucsnh5A lb*% 4s sc4s*ch cu bsnc s sc dh b*c4 c 2h*0cculus% 2ssndc+ cl lc 0b4 cnc4 c nh4 c*ch. K+*+ ch% cch 0hs bun+ *chls.h*c cs c 0bh* +% cch 0hs 0h*c )c*2cc3sunc% sch*b+d+. s nu cs c h < dc hccsdcn hl+% <nc< s+ nu 2sc uncb*s )*sncs)hl+? nu c dbh* <n sluDbh b*nh0cn ulus% cs s)*sDsn+ 0sc.ul. C+cs% dhc+ c su2lc hl 2*u0usc3ss% c s)s*s hl )*udcn3cs: dhc+ c su2lu hl scls)s*ss% c /sh3+ h cu*hDulus. T*bnch.+ dcb)b *s/+ <n *"un cbnduc+ b* dc b4 s% hl+ u*s dc cu*hD% dc.sn/bl u*h: 4s <n *"un *cgc. lh )h*s h c cu )*udcn3h. Nu"& *ccunb4 s 0hs )u3sn <n .suh uncs b+ +lss du)+ <nd*+.nchlh dc.sn/bl +% ch du)+ dsb+csc 4s cu*hD. Dc.sn/bl u*h <l 2hcc% 0hs <n <s% )c un gcnc*hl s +)<n )c ssnc% sh* h)bs )c b . Nu hDungc cu0)+ns*ch% nu c su2scscn + )cn *u h )*c3us dc.sn/bl u*h s0)c* u*bhbsl+ h hcclus 0h*c <n/sng+ b* dc *cgs% ccl 0hs 0h*c *s/hl hl Hlcsdulus% dbn Kc*nhndb dcH/hlbs55: s"b )*bclh0c h)lhu.clc dsn ch *ul dc lh Phdb/h. Dc.sn/bl u*h c lh 2cl dc <nsu2lc3s + )c chl% )c c< dc 0+*ch3+ sub un bhldhchsn: )<n+ 4s <n h0/bn d+ s *+lucs*c hscu3s0ss. C*bsc h 2bs h)lb0bul hcclus Tcscu 2*hncc.% Hcn*sc hl S#"lch% c+cs cu 2s*ul dc hu* hl dc.sn/bl u*ss h 4 su s+ shs+ ch2+* dsn *"un lhbs*sn h < dc <nc<lcs . Cs c 4s )bls sc+ dc.sn/bl u*h% 4s <n c0csul cs h )u u s)unc hccl 0bnh*h s)s*s uhl hl uns/c*sulus? >Mhs cs c hl + lu0c dc gu/c*nh O"58
Hh
5B (&
Dcsprc dc0sn !ltur6 C2. Br., &75. Lucsnh6 Ds/sns h c *b0hn+% )*b cc bh*c h nh4 c*slb*% 0cn3sbnh + 4s <n Crst., SS% (: SSS% A.
55
H hl!s6 Kc*nhndb K*hncsscb dc H/hlbs% 0h*chs. dc Pcsch*h ;&('9"&B7BE% unul dsn hu b*ss /sc b*scs dc lh Phdb/h% undc h 2bs luh )*s.bnsc* K*hncssc S hl K*hn3cs. G*hcs1n <l 0hs 0cn3sbnch.+ <n Hsc, L#SS% 4s Crst., SS% 8. 58 C /b*bh dc HlcChnd*u ccl Mh*c. #c.s 0hs sus% Cs., S@% 2snhl. 5' hsccndcntulus ksscscB C2. Dssc., S 4s SS? Br., (7% B9. 89 Cc.h*? #c.s Plu h*h% Dscs phrhlclc, >Chcsh*"% 7.
Ls sc su)unc ch)ul ccl 0hs b*gblsbs% 2+*+ h"4s dh sch0h cu0% 4s ls sc )lchc+ Dudcch h cch 0hs nch <*nh +. Hcc4 sh )b 2s <n bun+ 0+su*+ lcs <n b0cns*c% dcbh*ccc <0)+* +4csc )*sncs)hlul% 4s hnu0c db0snh3sh. Pc lcu% cclclhl c 2sh*c <l *ccunbsc )*sn *"b )*css03s*c nh u*hl+ 4s% 2+*+ h"s cc*cc h cu*hDul% <s 2hc dsnhsn c c0cnclc. H4h 4s )c c*bss hcc4 sh% *cgs nh u*hls% <s <n <0)sn+ *cs)cc ul cclb*lhl3s% 2+*+ h 0hs h4 c) h )*bbh ch)hcs +3ss. Cs c un *clsc2 dc0n dc cb*bhn+: 4s dhc+"s cb*cs)und c0sncn3h sn clcc ulus 4s 0+*c3sh sns0ss% ns0sc nu ls)sc4 c s)*c h cbns s us un 0b b* )bls sc )*s0. S"h /+.u <nsc+unh + <n.cs *h*ch hcchs h db0nchsc+ <n dbn Hc*nhndb ,l/h*c. dc Tblcdb8&% s +)<n 0hs 0ul )*sn nh u*+ dcc< )*sn bun+/bsn3+. H 2bs 0h*c% 4s s"h n+scu s+ 2sc 4s 0hs 0h*c? nscs chsh* <n /b*bs*c n"h )u u sslnscs hccs hsccndcn nh u*hl. Sc dcbscbc4 c 0ul dc b g*h/s h c 0sncsnbhs+% dc b h*bghn3+ h2cc h +% chsn cscn3+ h dc cs hbslulus% nu h < h dhc+ c <nn+scu +% dc4s c 2bh* c h)*b)sh + dc su)+*h*c. Dh* cch 0hs 0h*c b)b.s3sc b <n *c3snc cu nc0ul3u0s*ch 2h3+ dc ssnc. cu nc<nc*cdc*ch <n cu*hDul )*b)*su% 4s 0hs hlcs c<nd dcgcnc*ch.+ <n 4b/+shl+% c+cs s"h* )lcch b hl dss)*c3ulus. S2h ul lus Ch b87% 4s bd*hsl+ h sc/c*s +3ss shlc. h 2bs c+ un b+*bh *cbusc s+ sc *cs)cc c )c ssnc <nsu4s% 4s chsh* s+ sc ch0+ dc ssnc. Csnc <4s )sc*dc 2*sch dc ssnc d+ d*u0 lsbc* cclb*lhl3s 4s% cu <ng+dusn3h sh% b <nlcsnc4 c )c cch s *+sn+.

4
8&
HHRUL HL @#"LCH A5
86
U4bh*+ c )b*ns*ch c+ *c 0h*ss bh0cns% *h*+ <ns+ cb*clh3sh. S *sg+ uncb*s sns0h% 2+*+ h hscul h ccbul cb*cs)undc*ss. Lh 4cbhlh subs*ss hccs h c hbcccul% undc )*s0h lcc3sc )*s/c4 c ss0)h sh. Ksc% dh*% dsb+csc <n dsscc*nc*c s+ cunb4 s 4s s+ dbb<ndc4 s ss0)h sh )hss/+. H cn ul s+ sc 2blbschsc+ dc hcchs +
/*hD+ nh u*hl+% 4s h* h s+ duc+ 0hs dc)h* c ccch cc h <ncc)u nh u*h. Pc c< dc ncdsscc*n+ bh*c% )c"h < h dc *h h + c s +*usn3h dc h )*c sndc cc/h 2+*+ hccs hh <* 2s*csc 4s dc h 3snc s+ cucc*c4 s /bsn3c 2+*+ 0uns3sh ss0)h scs. Dh* cch *cghl+ cs c *cgsnh <n.cs *+*slb*% *ccc dc hb h*clc )*b"dsgsulus? bh.+ cc h *sdsch s h usc% )u*u*s% dc nc0u*s*c )c )lsn c dc sbh* + )*sclnsc+. Hcchs + hugus + <n.cs *h*c c uncb*s h0b*3s + )cn *u c+ nu hDung )<n+ lh ch su2l+*slc hh <*ulus. Psh *h 0hgnc sc+ nu h *hgc 2sc*ul <n h2h*h db0cnsulus s+u 4s nscs ss0)h sh nu hc3sbnch.+ <n h2h*h s2c*cs shlc dc hc3sunc. H)*b)sc*ch c cch 0hs dc sch0+ dsn *c cbnds3ss% nu 4s h0cs ccul. H cn3sc% hs)s*hn3s lh c*bscs h c? <n hh*ul hccs h *+sh*c un sbh*c hl s *+lucs*ssQ

H*s0clc hnghD+*s s<n un cCh0cn hl cu*hDulus 4s bh*ccu0 un 0bd dc h scbh c <n lu0c 2hs0h 4s ch)hcs h ch. Nu s<n dc hDuns 0s*hcblc dc )*b)+4s*s ch s+ *clsc2c.c dcbu u*s bbs4nus c 4s% ccl 0ul % b*scc c2b* ul c*sb* c )c scs*c h ccch cc h )*cccdh . Un <ncc)u s)lcndsd% )c l<ng+ 2h) ul c+ )unc <n gh0+ sus bh*c h)lhu.clc% bblsg+ 0ul /hlbh*ch. Sus)scsunch% <n 0h c*sc dc *c)u h3sc% <0)+* +4c4 c lh <ncc)u cbnds3sh )+c+ bsulus% ch*c% b dh + hDuns% nu 0hs sch)+ nscsbdh + dc dss)*c3. R+sh*+ un c*bu cu s)lcndb*s dc sbh*c. T*cbusc s+ )*c2c*c b dchunh <n *c)*sndc*slc 0+*c3c% sh* lh <ncc)u % 0hCs0c. <ndclc nscs*ch bbs4nus + nu )bh c hducc $c%&'c sc4s dsn cb0un 4s nscs ss)*h/h )sg0cc nu )bh c hducc *c)u h3sc dc u*sh4.
HHRUL HL @#S"LCH A'
Dcbu u*slc cCcclcn c s<n chc.+4ss hlc b)snscs% sh* cclc hlc unus c*bu *cbusc s+ 3sn chsc+ cu b su + dc s hdss 0hs sus dcc< 3clu*slc unus b0 dc *<nd. Hccl sbh*c hl c+)s hnslb* 4s gcnc*hl hl c*bslb*% cbn clc c*bsc dc Kucn cs 8A% s"h n+scu <n *u h)lhu.c )c d00ul sbh*clus% ch*c sc nh4 c dc lh <ncc)u u*sh4 hl s *+lucs*ss. Sn <sh lus hc3sunc h )u u 2s n!nplus ultrh hl unus Mh* c? n"h 2+cu nb/scsh lh 2hs0+% cs% dsn )*s0h .s% h *bs s lcg+0<n dc nc0u*s*c. Cbn *h* )+*c*ss 0hs u u*b*h% cl h <ncc*cus b*h4ul Ch0b*hs% )cn *u c+ c*h ncbbs4nus <n cu)*sndc*c 4s <n cu*hD. H 2bs cunbscu 0hs dcg*hb+ ch c*bu dcc< ch sbldh . Dc 0ul c nc/bsc ch s+ c hchs3s bsnc dc b 0h*c h4 c) h*c. P*s/s b*ul <4s 2hcc b sdcc <nhl +% 2ssndc+"& cbs + 0hs )u3sn )c cl s+"4s s0hgsnc.c ss)*+/slc dcc< )c 2+) us b*ul lb* s+ lc <ndc)lsnchsc+. B ss)*h/+ nch4 c) h + h 2+cu b 0hs 0h*c s0)*cssc dcc< un )*b"dsgsu )*c/cs s dc h4 c) h*c. Mhs 0ul c*c4 c un ccd*u <n )*s0h cls)+ h .b*slb* dcc< un ssb) <n *"un lus *u <n *cg% 2ssndc+ dcbu u*slc *bbus c 2+g+duscsc u*sc4cnsc. Mh*s s<n cbnsccsn3clc unus 0hCs0u0 <n hn cccdcn c? sc /+dcsc )*b cc3sh sb*3ss% 0+*c3sh ch)hcs +3ss% h)lhu.clc uns/c*shlc 4s ss0)h sh bb4 chsc+. Nu s<n <ns+ dc hDuns <ncc)u u*s <nsu2lc3s c% dhc+ )*b)+4s*slc s<n l<nccdc. Nc*b h <ncc)u cu h)lhu.c )cn *u 2cnsC 4s h s2<*4s cu dss)*c3u*s )cn *u /hsslssc. CC *c0clc dss)*b)b*3sbnh c% dhc+ sc <0bsn+% /+dcsc 0bns *ub.s h c. B hsc0cnch ds2scul h c )lcdch.+ )cn *u dcs+/<*4s*ch ul c*sbh*+ h *cnu0clus% ch 4s )cn *u sns3sc*ch lus. Khs0h sc <n/cchc4 c 4s h)lhu.clc <0b+ *<ncsc% lh 2cl ch bh c cclclhl c% )cn *u c+ lcgslc s0)ulus nu cunbsc cCcc)3sc. s cclcs 0hs 0h*s s *+lucs*s% cclcs h sbh*clus% s"hu *c)*b4h 2slb.b2ss scnsls +3s 4s dcc+dc*s <n lu0sn+. Cs c% )*sn u*0h*c% b s *h hgc0+% )cn *u /ul u* ch 4s )cn *u 2cnsC% s+ *cnb/c.c 0+*c3sc% s+ <n snc*chsc+ 2hs0h 4s s+ *chduc+ lh /sh3+ h)lhu.clc.
8A
85 88
HHRUL HL @#0"LCH 5&

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&7
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dss *us 2lbh*ch b4 slb*% hu sc4s cu 2b*3c )*bhs)c c u*css 4s hu )us 0<nh )c b % 2+*+ *c.ss cn3+. Ss b*sslc s<n 0hs )lsnc dc <0)*cDu*+*s dcc< dc <n/+3+*s dc 0sn c. Hn sch glb*sc h2*schn+ s"h /+.u *c<nnbs + <n c*s2ul&6 lb*% bh*bh* <n3clc) ch*c h 4 su s+ Dbhcc cu dbu+ 0<sns% c<nd cu cch h )bls scss% c<nd cu cch h cu*hDulus. Rs/hl hl lus HlcChnd*u 4s sn/sdsbs )c *cnu0clc lus% Gcnghss"Hhn&( h *ccucc*s b B*scn ul% dc lh .sdu*slc Chsncs )<n+ lh )+du*slc Mbscb/cs% l+s<ndu"lc u*0h4slb* s+s% 0hs 0ul <n ghD dcc< ch 0b4 cns*c% *cnu0clc dc Mh*c Hhn hl Th* h*scs. Tb3s hu 2bs ch)s dc 0bnh*hss% lh 2scch*c dsn *c cs 0+*c3sh cugc ulus cb*cs)un.<nd cu cch h s0)c*sulus lb*. Pu3sns dsn *c u*0h4ss lb* s"hu cghlh % 4s chsh* dhc+ hu <0)sns 0hs dc)h* c ls0s clc )u c*ss% nu <ns+ 4s )c cclc hlc cu*hDulus. Sbh*clc scnsn ch*c <n *c b3s s *+lucc4 c c Ch blscul Kc*nhndb% <n ch*c hu c.hu*s.h nh u*h <n.cs *+*s% sbh* h hh <*u*s% sh* 2hs0h h)lhu.c. Cc*ul h cb)sh <n *"<nsul bh c <n.cs *+*slc cclc 0hs bunc hlc u u*b* 0bnh*hslb* <n c0csc b*s% ch s+ hlc+ ushsc+ un s0)c*su dsn b cc c 0hs bun <n 0bnh*hss. H hl+ u*h 0ul c cb*bhnc <n *"unh ssngu*+ 4s% 0+*c3scs shlc nc2ssndu"s dc hDuns b lu0c% nb*bcul 4s ch)hcs h ch lus s"hu dcscb)c*s hl h. H n+.us
s+"4s <0)bdbbchsc+ 2*un ch cu )sc *clc b*scn hlc% ch 4s cu )sc *clc bccsdcn hlc% 4s% dhc+ n"h s.bu s s"b 2hc+ <n s0)ul /sc3ss% lc"h h*+ h u*0h4slb* s+s d*u0ul <n*uds*ss? c+cs undc nu h*c cc c+u h 2b*3h% h*c /sclc4ugul. Kc*nhndb&B sc *+gch dsn nch0ul c*bsc hl *cgslb* H*hgbnulus% ch*c <n b dchunh h 2bs 0h0+ 2ccund+ dc c*bs. C dc 0h*c hDu b* shu c )scdsc+ <n dbb<nds*ch cclcb*s +3ss ccch cc 3snc dc 2h0slsc? 2slb.b2sc scc*c +% c2cc /+ds hl su/c*hncs P*b"/sdcn3c% 0hs 2h/b*hbsl+ unb*h dcc< hl b*h. Sc )h*c c+% lh 2cl ch <nsu4s*slc nh u*hlc% sc 0b4 cncsc 4s cclc 0b*hlc% )*s/slcgsslc 4s dc2cc clc% hlc nh u*ss shu hlc sb*3ss. S<n chsc ch*c )bh* + cu ssnc c*cds h* nb*bcul% sh* hl clc ncnb*bcul. Chsh dc Hus *sh h 2bs <n b dchunh )*chnb*bcbhs+% )*bs)c"*<nd /c4nsc <n )b2sdh u u*b* 0h4snh3sslb* hd/c*sh*slb* s+s.
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76
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H db0ns hsu)*h s0)c*sulus <n )*s0ul )+ *h*% 2h) cc cbn *sbusc 0ul lh h)lhudhbsls h ch unus 0bnh*h: 0+*c3sh shu 0scs0ch unus *cgc dc)snd 0ul dc s h*ch 0bnh*hscs% c+cs c 0h*c dcbscbs*c h db0ns <n )*s0ul 4s h db0ns <n ul s0u"s )+ *h*. Tsnc*c3ch <n2lb*s bh*c 4s /sgu*bhs+ .+0sslc4 c cb)ss *bbu4 s 4s /hDnscs? dh* b+ *<nc3ch% /+du/s + dc /cchslc"s )u c*s% ls)ss + dc c+ldu*h nh s/+ 4s hscdsh + dc bc c4ugu*s% )*bducc cb)ss dcbsls 4s sl+b+nbgs% <n bh c 0bnh*hsslc% ccs d<n <s *cgs hu 2bs dc bbsccs /cs s3s% )cn *u c+ b ul <s hDu h <n *u /s* u c: un /s ch. Rb0ulus% un Nu0h 2c*scs % un *+.bbsnsc Hbs slsus% un )*chsn cg*u Hncus% un sscuss P*sscus 4s un )bls sc Sc*/sus hu s h lh <ncc)u u*slc 0bnh*hscs *b0hnc. CCcclcn3h h d+snus 0hs 0ul <n *cgss dcc< <n <0)+*h3ss s+s% )cn *u c+ hccsh c*hu 2sss snc*c3ss shlc )lsnc dc /sh3+% hcc4 sh hs bs cns cs shlc b+ *<nc3s: hccsh /cnchu% hcc4 sh *su02hu. <n2lb*csc lh <ncc)u u*s g*sDh 4s cu*hDul% /snc h)bs <nc*cdc*ch% b u*0ch.+ 0blc4chlh 4s u u*b*h lc )un ch)+ dcs2+ +*slc. Lu0snh3ss *cgs 2*hncs <4s succcdhu <n 0bnh*hsh lb* <n2lb*s bh*c% cu s *+dhnss h b /s* ubhsc% du)+ /cs s ul Clb/ss. Khs0h cch )*bhs)+ + h lus Chsldcbc* <s sblscs h )c Clb h*s% 4s"h hccs b*h )c Dhgb"bc* : dh*% <ncc ul cu <ncc ul% cu*hDul h dcc+.u )<n+ c<nd h hDuns s+ h0cnsn3c cu *usnh )*sn )c *cc+*c3ul Chsldc*sc. Dsn hcchs + ccnu4+ 0bh* + h *cn+scu <n Ch*bl Mh* cl: 4s"h /cns <n 2s*c b*h/u*h ghlsc+ <n Pc)sn 4s h hDuns lh cch 0hs 0h*c /lhg+ h sh <n Ch*bl Mhgnul. Dh*% b% ncs h b*nscsc h cclb* b0cnc4 sQ% s"h /+.u )cn *u h dbuh bh*+ gh h s+ )sh*+ <n Ch*bl .ss ccl Ss0)lu 4s% 0hs 0ul <nc+% <n Ch*bl ccl Snc) 7A. Hscs s"h h*+ h ds/snh P*b/sdcn3+ dc )h* ch
7A
'B
hccs us )*chc*c4 sn *cgh % dcbh*ccc &"h <n.cs *h cu Hugb Ch)c % ch*c h *cs hu*h )cn *u 0ul c /chcu*s 0bnh*hsh% nb*bcul cbn s"nu<ndu"s )*sn h <3sh *cgs 2hs0b4s% unss s2sn3s% hl3ss b*h/s 4s hl3ss <n3clc)3s. C0ul hl h < b* glb*ss% Ludb/sc hl @HS"lch% *cs hu*h b* nc<n/sns hl Ghlscs% h s.gbns dsn <n *chgh K*hn3+ c*c.sh 4s sc c*cdc c+ h*c s+ hlungc dsn bh + lu0ch ncc*cdsn3h? csnc h <ncc)u )c*"sccu <ndu"s )c c*c scs *cbusc s+ s2<*4chsc+ 3sn<nd )sc) 0hhb0cdhnslb*. Du*ch.+ c< /h s0) hcch )*s0+ c+ldu*+ nh s/+ cu ch*c s"h 2b*0h cb*)ul )bls sc hl unus s0)c*su: d+snusc hcch subs hn3+ *hdschl+ h )u c*ss )*udcn3cs 4s cu*hDulus? csnc h 2bs <n s h*c s+ b)*chsc+ h/<n ul cu ch*c h )b*ns nb*bcul b b0hn% )u*u*s <n c*c4 c*c dc lh B b0hn% )*s0ul s+u su/c*hn% )<n+ lh 2c*scs ul Sbls0hnO H 4s dcc+.u <n ccl dc"hl dbslch Scls0. c+*ush s s"h b)us un s2<n )bn s275 4s s"h *c.ss h un 0bnh*h ch blsc78: h s)b*s )*sn dsscb*dsslc su/c*hnslb* c*c4 sns 4s b dh b*s + lb* sc 0cn3snc. B *cc+ bh*c Lsg+ S2<n + h )u u "b 3snc <n 2*<u /sc b*sbhs+% cu h < 0hs 0ul s"h* /cns dc hhc dcc+.u +. P*b/sdcn3h c su)*c0h hu bh*c h s0)c*sslb*% sh* nu bh*bh sbh* + /ulgh*+. Ch lc 2hcc 4s dcs2hcc% lc *sdsc+ 4s lc u0slc4 c% <n *u hsnscclc 4s )*ch<nhl clc"s scb)u*s? c*cdsncsb4ss d*c) ccn *u hl glb*scs shlc% ncc*cdsncsb4ss d*c) c0ulh3sc 4s )cdch)s+ h hcclb*h% )u*u*s s *+lucsnd% 4s <n unss% 4s <n hl3ss% h*0bnsh )*bdsgsbhs+ h 4 ssn3cs 4s )u c*ss shlc. H 2bs b dchunh un 0h*c h/hn hD s+ succc.s uncs cb*bhnc )h*2u0h c% )*ccu0 @c*Ccs csdh*cs7'% 4s s+ h)ucs scc) *ul <n2lb*s b*% )*ccu0 Dhgbbc* )c ccl hl c*snslb*. Su)*c0 ncnb*bc )cn *u un )*sncs)c s+ hDung+ <n 2*un ch uncs 0bnh*hss <nDbss c% cu b*h/u*h dcc+.u +% lcnch lh 0h*c csns c% /s* u ch su*ghsuns +% /scsul <n *bnh % )u c*slc scc+ us c% *c)u h3sh dssc*cds h +% nb*bcul s)ulbc*h % b ul <0b+ *<ns 4s% ch b chs+ /cchc% h0cnsn3<nd dsn *"b cls)+ <n *"hl h cu *usnh b hl+% dhc+ nu cu0/h )*slcDul /h 2s h4 c) <nd ch)hcs h ch unus #cs)hsshn% h unus Clhu"dsus hl SS"lch% ch*c s+ b *cs hu*c.c: cu*hDul unus Pc)sn 4s hl unus
75 78
'A
Hugb Ch)c % ch*c s+ b *cnb/c.c? c+cs )*slcDu*slc cc )c 0h*ss bh0cns <s <nhl3+% )cn *u )s scs s<n )scdscs cc"s 2hc s+ sc )*+/hlc. Bbs4nus c ch su/c*hnul s+ su2c*c dc hcclch4s bc c4ugu*s hlc 0bnh*hscs? c+cs 0hs cu*<nd sc ls)c4 c lc h*gsh dc b0ul s+n+ bs dcc< s+n+ h ch dc ccl bblnh/. <n hcchs + Dhlnsc+ s h*c sc h2lh S)hnsh c<nd h /cns s+ db0nchsc+ <n *"<nsh nc2c*scs ul dc Rbd*sgb% su/c*hn cu <n.cs *+*s )cs c 0cdsc: cs h sn *h <n *cgh ch <n *"b 0h*c dc /scss 4s dcs2+ +*s% 2ssnd dc 0ul slcs /cchsul cu*hD gb hl hcclb* Hlh*sc% Ssscbu % Rcch*cdb% Ssscnhnd% Susn slh 4s Bh0bh hs s+s. Tb ul c*h *usnh % )<n+ 4s h)+*+*slc 0h c*shlc% 0b*h/u*slc c*hu 0snh c dc nc*u4snh*ch 4s sncu*sh lus Ks s.h. C 0h*c )u c*ch dcs2+ +*ss% 0h*c /sblcn3h /scsulus 4s% b*sc< h* 2s un su/c*hn% un Mhgnus hl SS"lch 69 hl Sucdscs% dsn 2s*c gcnc*bs% un Nc*b hl cduch3scs c*bscc% ls sc b)un dcs2+ +*slc 4s% <ncc ul cu <ncc ul% hDung s+"s s *scc 4s s+"s dch )sc*.+*ss. Nu0hs <n H*hgbn h ls)ss hcchs + dc)cndcn3+ dc s h*ch 0bnh*hscs% )cn *u c+ b3s *cgss lus hu 2bs cC *hb*dsnh*s% b3s dcb)b *s/+ lu0snh3s% dc lh Rh0s*b S% 4s chsh* dc lh Gh*csh Js0cnc.% )<n+ lh Ch blscul Kc*nhndb: nscs unul n"h 2bs snch)hbsl% nscs )c *cc+*c3 4s% s)*c dcbscbs*c dc hl c 0bnh*hss% ul s0ul h 2bs ccl 0hs bun: h c*cscu /s* u ch cu s0)lus 2s*csc <n *cgss s+s% 2ssnd 0hs 0h*c lh s2<*4s dcc< lh <ncc)u .
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69
'5
Kc*nhndb h h/u 0h*s /s* u3s dc b0 4s% <n ccl 0hs <nhl g*hd. )c hcclch dc *cgc. Ccs ch*c hu )b*ns s+ hlc+ ushsc+ un su/c*hn dcs+/<*4s hu hcu0ulh <n.cs *+*s? c+cs c u4b* s+ lc dsscu3s% dh* nu s+ lc 4s dbb<ndc4 s. Hu h/u unss 0h*s /s* u3s ch bh0cns 4s 0h*s /scss ch *cgs. P*ch"c*cdsncsbs h 2bs G*h3shn% dh* 0hs 0ul )cn *u b chslsc dc c+lug+* dcc< )cn *u Dsl3ul s0)c*shl. H*hgbnc.ul Rh0s*b 4s )b* ughc.ul Cn*scb c*hu 0hs )b *s/s3s )cn *u hl h* dcc< )cn *u *bn. Hl3ss% ds0)b *s/+% hu h/u 0h*s /s* u3s dc *cgc 4s 0h*s /scss dc bh0cns: <n HlcChnd*u 4s Cc.h* 4s"hu dss)u h <n <sc h ch cu0 nu sc )bh c 0hs 0ul . B+ +sbsul dbn Jhs0c h h/u unclc dcl+s+*s dc b0 4s c*bscc *c.ss dc *cgc? lh .ccc hns h h)uch scc) *ul cu /s cDsh dc lh *cs.ccs% cu 0h u*s h ch dc lh b su +. <n.cs *+*slc *cgc4 s s<n subls0c 4s dc b*dsn su)c*sb*: clc hu u0)lu 0h*s gblu*s hlc cclb*lhl c <n ch.ul *cgclus dbn Dsns.6& hl Pb* ughlscs. Pu*u*s )*bsl+/s /h 2s Hcn*sc hl S#"lch hl K*hn3cs% )cn *u c+ h 2bs *c0h*chbsl ch *cgc. Ccl 0+*sns0bs dsn *c Hl2bn4s sbcb ch /s* u3slc sluDbcs d*c) )*s0clc <n sblscs h*c ch 4s <n )*c3us*c. Cc 2blbs c+ ccl+lhl Hl2bnsb67 c*h 0h*c 0h c0h scshn% dhc+ )bls scshn nu c*h nscs 0+ch* 0cdsbc*uO s"h )us <n 0sn c s+ <nd*c) c hlc+ us*ch uns/c*sulus% cl. ch*c c*h c< )c cc s+"4s )sh*d+ *cgh ul. Clc0cn clc% dc4s hu 4s cclclhl c chls +3s <n *"un g*hd 0cdsbc*u% )c"hlc lb* )*b)*ss lc hu <n g*hdul ccl 0hs <nhl : 4s chsh* dhc+ cs c )b.s s/ <n bh c cclc% gb ul #h0bh sc dsss0ulch.+% )cn *u c+ c *cgc su)c*lh s/. Nu0hs cu hcchs h 4s"hu dc.0sn3s 0ul h bh*bh*sc b b0hnss: /b*bcsc dc ccs dsn <s% 0hs )u3sn 4s 0hs 0ul dcc< bh0cns% )*sn sncul u*+ 4s )*sn b*h/u*+. Dcs+/<*4s*c ls0s h + b*sch*c dsn hccs ch? c+cs un su/c*hn cb0)lc % un B b <0)+*h % un Clb/ss 2*hncc.% un Kc*nhndb hl SSS"lch hl Chs slscs sc hlc+ uscsc dsn h0bclc: 4s% nu 2+*+ )*c/cdc*c 4s )sld+% <n3clch) + nh u*+ h dc)b.s h bh c 2hcul +3slc /sc3ss <n ch). Nu cCcludchu <n.cs *+*slc dc *cgc )c cclc dc b0 <n 0h*clc <0)+*h Rudbl2 S% cs 0hs dcg*hb+ sc <n *hDu b*hu. Tc0cs /+ds % c+cs
6& 67
'8
66
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cbnsul h c luc*h*ch lus Hl2bnsb Chhcbn ;hu b* 4s hl uncs dcsc*sc*s h Cblu0ncs lus T*hshnE. Hsst!rsh ccu Dcrssss"h h chlu"nsss "uh!ru" sndschth, Auhc rckcrt M. Ulpss Trhshns Hu#usts hns"h" prccs!us Ds s Grc#!rss P!ntsRcss R!"hns h thsthrcss c!ncshts!us crcpth", #cnc3sh% &B86: /c.s <n hccs scns 4s Hngcl Kc**h*s% !p. cst., ). 669. PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL ''
6B 6A
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68
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B&
"h#sstrul dc prs" clhs6 <n sss c0ul uns/c*ss h* 0cdsc/hl% cu*su*slc 3snu c lh )*s0h b*+ 0h snhl+ c*hu *c.c*/h c cclb* 0hs )*cs sgsb4s )*b2csb*s. <n b*sgsnhl? >ch cd*+ scb dc )*s0h". 67 Lud! sc6 Ludb/sc hl @l"lch hl K*hn3cs. PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL 107
ccl s2<n h scbs dsn K*hn3h *+.bbsul <nn+scu 4s &"h h./<*ls du40hnslb* Db0nulus% <n *u 0h*ch glb*sc h *cnu0clus )*chc*c4 sn: &"h scbs cl% dh* l"hu hdus <nh)bs u*0h4ss lus% 2+*+ h 0hs sc4s sh*+4s /*cbdh + nscs dsn *c hb h*clc )*b)*ss% nscs dsn *c cclc c*c4 snc% cu lh 2cl dc )u3sn 2blbs ch 4s 2c*scs*c? c+cs% dhc+ l"h* 2s cbn snuh % nu0clc lus Mhhb0cd h* 2s 2bs dc 0ul us h <n bh + Cu*b)h% <n H2*sch 4s"n Hssh. B% <0)*cDu*h*c dc0n+ dc 0cds h 4s dc )l<ns b bdh +% hnu0c c+ hs +.s c*c4 sn+ h ch sc )<*Dblc4 c <n *+.bbhsc% )c c<nd )+g<n+ h ch sc bdshnc4 c: c sc+ldh <n s<ngc c*c4 snss0ul% 4s"n *hndh2s*s ncc*cdsn3hQ Hdc/+*h h 4s 0hgss *hlh )bls sc+ h 2bs cch h lus Kc*nhndb? ssgu*+ 4s 2c*0+% c+cs nu sc *cducch lh hs0c*c 2hn hs scc: u sl+% dcbh*ccc <s hducch c< c un *cgh )c hn: csns s +% dcbh*ccc s"h hdus )c 0c*s blh.bnul dc ch blsc. H cucc*s *cgh c )cn *u Du0nc.cu% cb*bhnc )cn *u *bnu*slc c*ucss shlc% )*b/sncss )cn *u lhg+*clc c*cdsn3cs: 4s% <n s2<*4s % cl h 2bs ccl ch*c h 4 su s+ unchsc+ )+01n ul cu cc*ul. H 2bs *cgc hl <n.cs *+*slb* 4s hl )*slcDu*slb*% c*bs c hccs ch )c 0+su*h hcclb*h. Unss su/c*hns hu h/u cCcclcn c <n.cs *+*s% lc"hu ls)ss <ns+ )*slcDu*slc dc h lc 2blbss. Hl3ss% ds0)b *s/+% hu h/u )*slcDu*slc 4s lc"hu ls)ss hlcn clc% <nc< nu 4 su )c ch*c s"b cbndh0n ch nc2c*scs*c 0hs 0h*c. Kc0hndb n"h 2+cu )h*hd+ dc clc% nscs nu lc"h sslnscs : nb*bcul s+u <l <0bsh cu clc. Unss u0bl+ lh /<n+ bh*c dc )*slcDu*s% scb3<nd uns/c*sul dsn 3<3<ns% )cn *u ch )<n+ lh u*0+ s+"s s *s/chsc+ )*b)*sh lb* /sblcn3+. <n.cs *h*ch lus cch 0hs 0h*c% 4s sbh*clc cclb*lhl c% h 2bs b )*bdsgsbhs+ ch)hcs h c% 2undh0cn ssgu* hl uncs 0+*c3ss *cgc4 s. Lu0ch /h 2s 2c*scs +% h s)us Plh bn 4s h h)*ccsh #hlc*susB6% c<nd /b* <ncc)c s+ db0nchsc+ <n3clc)3ss shu c<nd /b* <ncc)c h 2s <n3clc)3s *cgss. Clc0cn ul cbns s u s/ )*s0h* hl unus *cgc cs c b 0h*c ch)hcs h c% sh* *cgc cu 0ul + ch)hcs h c% *cgc cu 0ul 0sc.. Ch)ul h 2bs nu0s hs 2cl nu du)+ ch/s h ch 0h c*shl+% cs du)+ ch)hcs h ch dc h <n3clcgc. Su/c*hnul c ch)ul *cgh ulus? h4hdh*% h *sbu ul s+u ccl 0hs 0h*c *cbusc s+ 2sc cu)*sndc*ch% <n3clcgc*ch.
B6
Ch)hcs h ch 2b*0ch.+ )c*sbhnc% snch)hcs h ch 0bn4 *s: hccch )c un Cc.h*% ch*c <n c0csh.+ 0bnh*hsh: hcchs h )c un Ghllscnus% ch*c b )sc*dc: hccch <l <nsu2lc3c4 c )c un Cs*us <n *u glb*sbhsc bs cncls: hcchs h )c un Dh*sus <n *u lcnc 4s bdshn+: 4s hs 2cl% dsn *"unh <ncbl3csc <n.cs *+*s <n Pclh!b% dsn cchlhl + n+*h/u*s <n Rbd*sgb: dsn *"unh ss)*+/s <n Rb0ulus% dsn cchlhl + 0<*4+/ss <n Th*Fusnus. Tb3s 0h*ss *cgs c c*ns.h3s <n h*hs/clc 2hs0cs% <n nc0u*s bh*clc ch hlbhgc hlc h)lhu.clb*% hu 2bs dc 0h*c ch)hcs h c% c+cs 2+*+ hcchs h nu )bh c cCss h 0+*c3sc. Sc nh4 c% nu sc ch)+ + .h*ul b) s0% dh*ul dcs+/<*4s % ch*c )bgbh*+ dsn P+*sn clc lu0snslb*B(. Bsnc cc s)b*c4 c cu s<*gusn3h 4s sc dcs+/<*4c4 c cu cC)c*scn3h. Ch)hcs h ch c c0csul )bls scss% hcch 0h*c h* + dc h 2s *cgc% ch*c nu sc h4h.+ dcc< <n 0h*slc Dudcc+3s? <n *"un Ludb/sc hl @l"lch hl K*hn3cs% <n *"un Mh cs Cb*/sn hl Ungh*scs% <n *"un MhCs0slshn <0)+*h % <n *"un c2hn Bh hb*! hl Pblbnscs 4s <n *"un Kc*nhndb hl S)hnscs. Ch)hcs h ch c s<n hl )*udcn3cs% 2+*+ dc ch*c nscs sluDbh% nscs )*hc sch% nscs hnss nu scb /*cbdh + 0hc4 *s. Cu
ch% snc*ss s<n b+ *<ns% sh* 2+*+ ch% b+ *<nss s<n snc*s. S"h hdus lus B b hl LTS"lch su)c*lh s/ul *cnu0clb*% hdsc+ hcclh dc h 2s 2bs nu0s 0s*hcbl hl lu0ss% )cn *u c+% lh uns)*c.ccc hns% h 2bs hlcs <0)+*h 4s h sh ss2+cu <n *u b ul su2*hgsslc? succcsclc su)lsnchu c+*un c3ch 4s cu b3ss hu hd0s*h un sccbl dc 0h u*s h c <n ccs dbs lus *s hs /<*s cs lus. Dh* undc 4s"h dh <n *chgh 0+su*+ 0s*hcblul uncs 0h*s ch)hcs +3s h 2bs <n Sc0s*h0sdh% cch ch*c h <n c0csh Bhbslbnul% cch ch*c h )b*uncs Hsscs? )h *u.ccs dc hns h db0ns sub cu/<n c+ cs c b+*bh . S"h bblsgh s+ 2sc b+*bh 4s% b dh + cu g+ clslc% h lc)+dh 4s bc c4ugu*slc 2c0csc4 s: dh* nscsbdh + /c40<n ul n"h* 2s dc hDuns ch s+ hscund+ scCul% dhc+ nu l"h* dc.0sn3s 4s ch)hcs h ch. Ch)hcs h ch c cchlhl + cblbhn+ ch*c% <0)*cun+ cu cu*hDul% hssgu*+ h0<ndbu+ *c)u h3sh: 4s% <n cb0)c s3sc% h c<4 sgh 0c*cu )*s0h. Dh b*s + cs h 2bs nu0s <n3clc) Ch*bl hl #"lch 2*hncc.ul% nu dh b*s + s udsslb*% nscs 4 ssn3clb*% cs )cn *u c+ h 4 su s+ db0"
M
&98

&9'
nchsc+% hcchs h 2ssnd hdc/+*h h 4 ssn3h h *cgslb*: 2+*+ h <0b*+ch )lh b4h% h *ccu)c*h bh + K*hn3h% h)*bh)c bh + <ns *+snh + )c h uncs% 4s% 2+*+ h )+*+ss *bnul *cghl% s"h hlungh <n B*s hnsh lb* )c cnglc.s. Pcn *u hs h <ns+ c nc/bsc dc b ch)hcs h c su)*c0+% dc sn clsgcn3h unus Sus snshn% dc )bls sch unus Ludb/sc BB% dc )*udcn3h unus Ksls) hl SS"lch? c+cs dhc+ un Ghllscnus% 2+*+ h"s cghlh <n 4 ssn3+% h /*u s+"s <n *chc+ <n s0bbsls h c% <nsch0n+ c+ h /*u s+"4s )+.chsc+ )hlh ul% dh* nu s0)c*sul. Dsn 4 ssn3+ 4s dsn cu*hD sc hdh) ch.+ un su/c*hn dcs+/<*4s ? un Mbssc. )cn *u h 2s lcgsslh b* 4s cbnduc+ b* hl *c)ublscss lus Du0nc.cu: un Dh/sd% /s ch. ch s+ )+.chsc+% <n3clc) ch s+ )*bsl+/chsc+ csns ch Cclus P*ch<nhl : un Cc.h*% 2+c<ndu"4s blh.bn dsn )hn+ 4s dsn s)hd+: un lhccdc0bnshn Hgcsslhbs% hlc c+*us scn sn3c hu 0c*s h s+ 2sc cclc dsn <s <n ch* ch Dudscsb4slb*. sh* 2h) clc shlc <n cch h /s cDslb*: un Cbns hn sn ccl Mh*c% c<nd cbn2c*snd hu b*s h c cbncslsslb*% c<nd cb0hnd<nd bs slc: un Sus snshn d<nd h*0c 4s lcgs S0)c*sulus: un Mhhb0cd hl SS"lch cs snd 4s cucc*snd: un Hl2bnsb ccl M+*sns0bs% 2sc <n hchdc0sc% 2sc <n ch0)hnsc: un Ss0hsl Sh2s% hl c+*us *cnu0c dc <n3clc) h 2bs )ccc c h s)hdcs shlc /sc b*sbhsc: un K*hncssc S hl K*hn3cs% <ncbnDu*h dc <n/+3h3s 4s dc cb0hndh3s dc b4 s: un Ksls) hl SS"lch hl S)hnscs% ch*c h <ncc)u ch /s ch. 4s h s2<*4s ch )*udcn . Hcchs + nscsbdh + <ndchDuns l+udh + <n.cs *h*c cbns + dsn dbu+ 2hcul +3s c0sncn c? )*b0) s udsnc <n sn clsgcn3+ 4s 0h u*s h c <n Dudcch +: <n3clcgc*ch )*cccd+ hb +*<*ch% sh* sn clsgcn3h c hu*b*+ h )*udcn3cs. Un su/c*hn cu)*sn.+ b*% un Ch.s0s* ccl Mh*c hl Pblbnscs% .sc% <4s cs c <n bh c )*s/sn3clc cbn2b*0 ssc4s: sc 2+cch s +)<n )c b )*sn <n/+3+ u*+% ch s+ 2sc 4s )*sn )u c*c. Hugus us 4s"h <n0h *sculh 0hs <n <s b s0)c*sul <n ch)% sh* h)bs &"h 3snu <n )u0n. Dcschsdch 4s <nchsdch du)+ )lhc )b*3slc lus lhnusBA% ccch cc c*h b unh cu h 3snc <n 0<n+ chcslc uns/c*sulus% s +)<n )c *+.bbs 4s )c )hcc. C*h <n bh c )+*3slc h2*schnul Shcbb Hl0hn.b* B5 )*sn hu b*s h c 4s *c)u h3sc% )cn *u c+ bh c c*hu <n *"<nsul )*sn cunbh4 c*c.
BB
dbChl+ dsn sndblcn3+ 4s 0+*sns0sc dsn snscnssbsls h c. P*c/+".+ bh*ch nh u*+ 4s"h 2+cu /sc3us bh*clc scnssbslc% 0sDlbc nc<n *ccu )cn *u )+.s*ch lb*% 4s scnssbsls <s /*ch 4s )bls sch )c *cgss cs. Csnc bh*c nu /h 2s sc<*bs dc n+ <ngsh lus GhllscnusO Sc c+lchu <n )scsbh*c unclc )c hl clc /c4 slc )*bhs c dsn )*b/sncsslc *+sculh c% dsn *cgh clc )sc*du c% )cs c dbu+.ccs% sh* cl% lsns4 s % *+s)undch B'? >Ch% cc bsnc b s"b ducc0 2+*+ lcgu0clc dsn Cgs) Q Cc nc 0hs )hs+ hcu0 dc c<nc)h dsn K*hn3hO" B% g*cbhsc ncss03s*c% un su/c*hn s+ hsb+ g*sD+ ch s0bchsnss s+ 2sc /c*.s b hnul 4s s+ n"hsb+ g*sD+ ch s0)c*sul s+ <n2lb*chsc+Q S+ chu c sn/cn3ss ch s *ugu*ss s+ sc )+s *c.c dbs% *cs hns% 4s s+ nu"s )csc c+"4s )sc*dc 0bnh*hshQ s nu ls)schu lsngu4s b*s ncs)us dc )c*sculb4s ch*c <s )*bsl+/chu bh*bh*sh ch 0+*sns0sc 4s ncghsbbsh ch s h b*nscsc. s ncbb*+.h*ch lb* 0c*gc uncb*s h < dc dc)h* c% <nc< /b* s+ /<nd+ d*c) b 0h*c sub sls h c h )bls scss ccch cc nu"s dcc< b dc cs hbsl+ ncglsDcn3+. Nu cCss + su/c*hn ch*c% c< c <n /sh3+% s+ nu 2sc c*bu <n *c lsngu4s b*ss s+s% <n *c ccslhl3s blc*h : h)bs <ns+ /snc 2+c<nd d*c) h c hdc/+*ul h b sn cg*u. M+*sns0bs h 2bs Hugus us% hl c+*us nu0c c )ccc c h sns0ss shlc: cu bh c hs ch% &"h du*u h < dc 0ul 0hshc*ul lcgsunslb* *b0hnc dsn Gc*0hnsh% <nc< s.bch )h*dbschlh cu )scsbh*clc% 4s sc d+dch cu ch)ul dc )c*c3s% 4s s *sgh <n *unh? >Cc"hs 2+cu cu lcgsunslc 0clcA9% Gusn slsus #h*usO D+"0s <nh)bs sbldh3ss 0cs /s cDs. Cc s"h hlcs dc"h <3sh 4s"h < dc /hDnscs c+)s hnsO" N"h 0hs 2bs /+.u *<.<nd luns dc"h *<ndul 4s nscs 0<nc<nd .slc <n *cgs. Hcchs h ssgu* c hdc/+*h + )bls sc+% sh* nu cbn *h*sc 0hscs +3ss. Nscsbdh + n"h c*c.u Rbd*sgb c+ )sc*.hnsh <s c*h h < dc h/hnsh +% nscs Rbbbh0 nu 4s"h bbsc*/h h < dc h)*bh)c *usnh. Pc ncg<nds c 4s"hu )sc*du dbn Juhn dc Lhb*s B& cb*bhnh% 4s Hs !hgcsA7 dshdc0h.
B' A9
Hccs su/c*hn cu)*sn.+ b*% )*udcn % sscuss % )+ *un.+ b*% /su% h cn % scnssbsl 4s% <n *"un cu/<n % <n3clc) h 2bs Ch blscul Kc*"nhndb% *cgclc cu cch 0hs 0h*c ch)hcs h c dsn c< c hu 2bs /*cbdh +% <n +*s + dc 2h) c% cCc*cs h + cu h < ch )*slcDu*s. S"h 2bs u sl+ 4 ssn3h 4s% cu bh c c+ s"h )*ssbss cu*hDul% h Duch 4s cu /sclcnsh. N"h 2bs nb*bcbs Kc*nhndb% cs )*udcn ? c+cs )*udcn3h c 0h0h buncs sb*3s: dc bbsccs c nb*bcs +% du)+ cu0 s0)*udcn3h c ncnb*bcs +? b3s su/c*hnss 2bh* c )*udcn3s hu 2bs 2bh* c nb*bcb4s. Dh* lh cc bun 0h*ch ch)hcs h c h unus dbn Juhn hl SS"lch hl Chs slscs% dhc+ nu c s<*gusn3+O C+ snch)hbslul Chsldc*sc lhs+ dc h.s )c 0<snc 0unch 4s sluDbh% 0c*s + 0ul3u0s*s% c+cs h hlcs <n *u 0hs bsnc: dh* ch )c*shnul Thh0hs)A6 s+ <ng*bh)c un hlcn su)c*sb* <n *<nd+/sc 4s <n /scsu% h 2bs /*cdnsc dc dss)*c3. Mhs 0ul *chls.ch.+ <n bh c h* clc b hbsls h c 0cdsbc*+ cu s<*gusn3+% dcc< un hlcn *h* 2+*+ ch. <nc*cdc*ch c 0h0+ h nc)+s+*ss% sh* hcchs h c )lhgh 0h*slb* sluDbh4s. #cs)hsshn A( h /*u ch 0bh* ch unus *cgc s+ sc )c *chc+ <n )scsbh*c 4s *c.bl/<nd *cbu*slc s h ulus? cu h < 0hs 0ul /sh3h. T+*+g+nh*ch <n *ccc bh c cclclhl c /scss lh un su/c*hn% h < )c cclc cc 3sn dc s*hscsbsls h c% c< 4s dc cbncu)ssccn3+. Hu 2bs 0ul3s *cgs 0h*s nu h < )*sn 0h*slc lb* <n.cs *+*s% c< )*sn nc<n *c*u) h lb* )*c.cn3+ hc s/+. Mh*clc Mbgbl hl Hsscs nu"4s hcb*d+ *+gh. <n *c.bl/h*ch *cbu*slb* dc s h nscs <n bsul cclb* 0hs 0h*s dss *hc3ss% <0bsn<nd ch *ul 2sh*clb* s+lbh scc cu hscul h*ch su)u4slb* s+s? /+.ul 4s"& <ng+dusc )c *ccc*ss% sh* hu.ul 4s"& )+s *ch.+ )cn *u h2lh*ch 4 s*slb*. R+u cs c c+ H0ulsus 4s DsbnsssbsAB hu /*u s+ 2sc *cgs 2+*+ s+ 2sc: dh* 4s 0hs *+u c+ #lhdsslh/ hl Pblbnscs AA 4s Bdbh*d hl HnglscsA5% 2ssnd% n"hu /*u s+ 2sc. Hccch sc nu0c4 c s*hnsc: hcchs h n"h*c nu0c. S"hu <n *ccu <n Kc*nhndb ch)hcs h ch 4s s<*gusn3+% s)*c"h hlc+ us un *cgc dcs+/<*4s % un 0bnh*h 0hCs0? )h *u.ccs dc hns h db0ns % 2+*+ h s*bss nscs unul% 4s h luc*h 0hs 0ul dcc< )h *u.ccs dc *cgs lhblhl +.
A6 A( AB
Thh"hsp6 <n b*sgsnhl% Th"s, c /b*bh dc Thh0hs) S% *cgc hl S*hnulus ;&B7("&B5AE% dsn dsnhs sh sh2h/sd+. Dcsphsshn6 C2. Suc bnsus% !p. cst., >#cs)hsshnus"% :.. H"ulsus6 *cgc hl Hlbcs% unchs hl Rhccs Ssl/sh% 0h0h lus Rb0ulus. Ds!nsss!s6 s*hn hl Hc*hclccs% c. 668 <.C*. AA Dlhdsslh hl P!l!nscs6 KlhdsslhN hl SS"lch. A5 Bd!hrd hl Hn#lscs6 Cduh*d ;CdNh*dE hl SS"lch Plhn hgcnc ul ;&695"&675E. &&7 PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL &&6
Un scc) *u c un )b0 <ncb*bnh % ch*c d+. d*c) *bhdc% ss)*+/s dc sch0+. <n3clch) + nh u*+ lc cc*c )lhn clb* shlc c< c un *bd )c hn? cc"s dc 0s*h*c ch 4s 2hs0h s+ lc )*c snd+ hcclh4s luc*u c*bslb* s+sO
Zhdh*nsc bcu)+ bgb*ul 0<nd*ul s0bchsn s c*)% sh* *bnul *cghl un su/c*hn snu sl. Nu sluDc4 c dcc< ch )scdsc+ <n chlch hl ush ch*c h* <ncb*bnh *cgh ul cu c*cngslc *bdnscc hlc b*h3clb* shlc. Hlcsdul h <*nh dc )*hgu*slc 2hs0cs c< c un nbu *b2cu <n 2scch*c hn% bh lcul% bh hsd*h: c*bu 0sncsnbs. <n ch*c hn scss hu <nchs)us un su/c*hn hdc/+*h % dh b* 0c*cu cu nbs 2+) us*s glb*sbhsc. Hdc/+*h ul Hc*culc h 2bs Ch blscul Kc*nhndb% cu 0hs 0ul c ss)*+/s dcc< .slc: c<4 sgh c< c un *cgh )c hn% 4s &" h dbb<nds )*sn 0b4 cns*c )c ccl hl H*hgbnulus% )*sn .cs *c )c ccl hl Chs slscs% )*sn cu*hD )c ccl hl G*hnhdcs% )*sn nb*bc SndshA8% )*sn dsb+csc Nch)b"lclc% )*sn *clsgsc Nh/h**h 4s )*sn 0h*ch"s ch)hcs h c )c bh c. Ds/c*sc s<n 2h) clc 0+*c3c hlc unus *cgc. 4s bh c c*bscc. T*cbusc <0b*+3s4h c% cu0 2+cch )*s0ul c2hn hl Ungh*scs% nu )*sn hlcgc*c% cs du)+ )*slcD. Nu cclc )c ch*c s lc )*b)unch )*b)*sul )lhc lus HlcChnd*u ccl Mh*c% cs hcclch )c ch*c s lc cc*ch ncccss h ch /s ch.ulus HlcChnd*u Sc/c*us. H4h <nc< nu )c bh c lc *cducchu Gus h/ S hl Sucdscs 4s Hl2bnsb ccl M+*sns0bs hl Nch)blclus lh cu*hD? c+cs s<n 0ul c hl clc% 4s uncb*s dc 0hs 0h*c *c)u h3sc% dcc< cclc 0sls h*c. Mhs 0ul + glb*sc h 0c*s h Sus snshn )cn *u lcgs dcc< Hu*clshnus )cn *u h*0c. Mhs cclcb*u &"h 2+cu )c Kc*nhndb 2h) ul dc h 2s <n c0csh )*chsn c"g*ul% /sgslcn ul% shc*ul *sbunhl hl Snchs.s3scs dcc< hcclh dc h"4s 2s s h b*nscs 0bnh*hsh. s h c<4 sgh 0hs 0ul h./<*lsndu"s dsn S)hnsh )c c/*cs dcc< 2+c<nd"b s +)<n+ )cs c h < ch nh3ss A'.
A8 A'
Cclc hlc cu*hDulus hu 2bs h)lhudhbslc lh Ch*bl Gusn ul: cclc hlc Dus s3scs% u*gcn c lh Ksls) hl SS"lch: cclc hlc *clsgscs% glb*sbhsc lh Ksls) hl SSS"lch: cclc hlc gu/c*n+*ss% c*bscc lh Ksls) hl S#"lch ccl Mh*c: 4s bh c lhblhl +% lh Kc*nhndb. Un *cgc nu *cbusc s+"4s <n *c*u)+ nscsbdh + hc s/s h ch% )cn *u c+ hc3sunslc shlc s<n 0h*s: <ncc <nd )*slcDul unb*h% *cbusc s+ *chc+ lh hl clc. Rcgulh hcchs h s"h 2bs bsnc 4 su + lus Cc.h*% b0ul cu sns0h cch 0hs <nc+)+ bh*c 4s 2ccund+. H uncs c<nd n"h 0hs h/u )*b/sncss dc su)us% h )b*ns s+ nc c.chsc+ 0un3ss. Du)+ cc h dh lcgs bh0cnslb*% h <ncc*ch s+ lc s0)un+ 2lu/sslb* 4s 0+*slb*. Ss)*+/snd dc *cs hu*h lu0ch% 4s"h )*b)us s+ *c2b*0c.c s0)ul. Hs 2cl% h cu0)+ns bsnc )*b2undul Chsus #cllcsus 59% hnu0c c+% du)+ cc s"hu ss)*+/s sluDbclc 0sls h*c% s"h ss)*+/s 4s cl. s 0bh* ch% ch*c &"h sc* h dc"h lungul h < b* hns dc )*s0cDdss <n *+.bbs% &"h g+ss <n nu0hs csncs luns dc bdshn+. Ss)*+/slc sc chch0+ unclc )c hl clc 4s"4s <nlcsncsc <ndc)lsns*ch. H4h 2+cch Sbls0hn% <0b+l*<ns <n 2h) c 0+*c3c /*c0c dc )h *u.ccs dc hns <n s0)c*sul s+u <n2lb*s b*. <n )*s0ul hn 4s"h hssgu*h
Cgs) ul% sh* <n hl dbslch h h+cus Ungh*sh. Nu s"h 0ul3u0s cu bcu)h*ch Rhbdbsulus% cs h n+.us nu0hsdcc< lh hccch h Mhl cs% sh* 0b s/ul )cn *u ch*c n"h cucc*s "b dc b h 2bs c+ cclb* dbu+ b*h3c hlc lus% )u c*nscc% dh* dc.bsnh c% lc"h ls)ss )*c.cn3h hc s/+ h unus ch) h < dc 0h*c. Sc*hsu*s <s c*hu *cgh clc cucc*s c% 4s Dbcu*s bsnc 0c*s h clc *su02u*s. B% 0bnh*h dc bun"gus Q Du)+ cc <ncc)c h sc dcdulcs lh 2h) c 0+*c3c% un su/c*hn nu *+0<nc 2+*+ nbs <ndclc nscs*s c*bscc. <n hccs 2cl% cc.h*ul s)hnsblslb*% Ch*bl% sc bdshnch dc unclc )*sn hl clc? dc lh u0sls*ch c*c scslb* *ccch lh s +/sls*ch u*cslb*: dc lh ch) u*h*ch unus *cgc% lh s.gbns*ch hl ush. Sh* cucc*s*slc dsn H2*sch c*hu /hchn3clc shlc dc Cu*b)h. Hcchs h c dc0nh 2blbssn3+ h c.hu*clb* *cghlc. R+u 2blbss c 0slsbhnc cclc hlc lus Nc*b 4s Chlsgulh% 4s bsnc )lhsh c )h*hlc cclc hlc h*hgbnc.ulus dbn Jhs0c. C<nd 2h) clc 0+*c3c s<n 2blbss bh*c% clc *cs s usc <0)*u0u u*slc cu dbb<nd+. Un 0+*c3 succcs clcc s/ hu h/u <n hcchs h *cgss Pb* ughlscs% dbb<ndsnd dcb)b *s/+ *cn c 4s bnb*u*s.
P*chsscuss ul Kc*nhndb sc 2c*ch dc <n *c)*sndc*s dc4h* c 4s snu slc% ch*c nu s<n dc 2blbs% cs s<n ch)*scss% 0b*0<n )cn *u su)u4s 4s /ss sc*ss% cu0 c*hu cclc hlc *cgslb* Pcd*b hl Chs slscs 4s H*hgbnulus% h/<ndu"4s bb<*4sh 0hs 0ul <n db*sn3h <nc+)+3<nh + dc <n *ccc*c dcc< <n b)b* uns h c: sh* s2<*4s ul unb* hsc0cnch <n *c)*sndc*s nu c*h dcc< c+ h0bclc )+*3s% *cgss 4s *cgh clc% *+0<nchu scc+ us c. C+s+ b*sh lus Ch*bl hl #lSS"lch cu 2hs0h% 2+*+ c0cs% <nsch0n+ h c+u h sb3sc s+*hc+ 4s s ch*)+: 4s% <n *c dbu+ cC *c0c hlc hlcgc*ss% 0hs bsnc un su/c*hn l+s+ b* dcc< unul snu sl b*gblsbs. Hcn*sc hl S#"lch 0b s/h cu b 0sc dc 2blbhsc b hc3sunc% c<nd% ghscsndu"s u sls h ch sn *snscc+% )unch <nhsn c uncl clc. Hssgu*s s+n+ h ch *cgh ulus cu*+3sndu"& dc bhnc% shu dc *sss)c% shu dc .+d+*nscss. C<nd lc"hu ls)ss cucc*s*slc% unclc s h c s"hu <0bbln+/s dc *+./*+ s*s l+un *scc. Mh*c h2b*ss0 h 2bs b dchunh s+ 2hcs hn sdb dsn b *h/+. Snhc s/s h ch h 2bs ch*sul nb*bculus nc<n *c*u) hl S)hnscs% s./b*ul )c*cn hl /scsslb* lh Rb0h. >Nu c 0hs 0h*c du40hn dcc< s+ nu hs nscs unul"? scn sn3+ cu c.+ bh*c h lus Mc cllus5&% c<nd cu
5&
Ch* hgsnh% 4s ch*c h dc/cns dc.h0+gs*c )*sn cC)c*scn3h )+gubs bh*c. B b0hnss nu bbs4nushu s+ *+shsc+ 2+*+ *+.bbs 4s% schs0"b<ndu"4s du40hnss% lc sl+bchu cu*hDul )*sn <n *c*u)c*c% dh* cs <4s 0cn3snchu h*0h h 0c*cu <n2lb*s bh*c. Pu c*ch 0sls h*+ c bh.+ h *c)u h3scs% c+cs un su/c*hn dc.h*0h c un lcu 0b* % )c ch*c )<n+ 4s sc)u*ss <l snsul + 57. Kc*nhndb% du)+ cc"h ss)*+/s <n S)hnsh *+.bbsul <0b+ *<ns 56% nu 4s"h dc.0c0b*h cschd*bhnclc: s"h sluDs d*c) <n/+3+ u*+ dc 0sn c <ncc)u ul lus% cu nc)+s+ b*ul Rbd*sgb: lc"h 0u h h*cnh 4s% scb"3<ndu"4s h*0h clc dsn S)hnsh% h 2+cu dsn clc .sd /su *cgh clb* shlc. s"h cunbscu 0h*ch )u c*c 4s h 4 su s+ 4s"b h)*ccsc.c: luhsc )ulsul 2b*3clb* shlc 4s h 4 su s+ lc 2blbschsc+: lc 0+su*hsc )c cclc hlc du40hnslb* s+s 4s h 4 su s+ lc )*c/sn+. Scb3<ndu"s )c s)hnsbls <n )*b/sncsslc s *+snc% s"h )*c2+cu <n lcs: h hc<ndu"s 0c*cu )c 2*hncc.s% s"h <n/sns 0c*cu 4s nu lc"h dh nscsbdh + bch.sc s"b )*c" <n <0)snc. <n3clcgch hd<nc nh3sslc 4s lc 2+cch )h)h*h du)+ gus ul lb*. Dh* <nsu4s*ch c0sncn + h hccs us 0h*c )bls scshn h 2bs hccch dc h 2hcc b dchunh *+.bbs cu )*h2 dc )u4c+ su*d5(% hdsc+ 2+*+ .gb0b ul )*s0cDdsbs 4s /hn hl <nh*0+*ss% 2+*+ .u*bhlc dc c2cc % ch*c"s <n4 ssn3ch.+ dsnhsn c )c hd/c*sh*s% <s s*s + )c ncu *s 4s"s *c.csc )c b3s. K+*+ h sc h2c*h% bcu)h b 2b* +*ch3+ <n H2*sch% un *cgh <n S)hnsh% b snsul+ <n bcchn% un b*h4 <n S hlsh% 4s bh c hccs ch cu s)*sn cnchlh unus lcu. N"h 2bs b0 ch*c s+ cunbhsc+ h < dc bsnc )*slcDul uncs hc3suns% 0b0cn ul )*sclnsc hl uncs h2hcc*s% b)b* uns h ch )cn *u bh c. Luh )h* c <n )c*sbhn+% shu )*sn cch h 0h*ss shlc cbnsbh* c% ch*c"& cghlh% lh hc3sunslc <nsc0nh c dsn+un *ul S)hnscs. #cs s + )*bblc0+ )bls sc+5B% hnu0c dhc+ su/c*hnul *cbusc s+ hsss c <n *"un ccn *u )*sn )*c.cn3+% 4s"n bh c )+*3slc )*sn )b cn +
57 56
ssnd <n *cs hns Hlbhnsh% S/s*sh% H*0cnsh% Pc*ssh% Mcsb)b h0sh 4s Cgs) ul. Bblcslh/ hl Pblbnscs s"h <n/sns )c )*u cns% shCbns% chsubs% )b0c*hnscns% )c Bblcslh/% *cgclc Bbc0scs% )c Sh*bslh/% ducc dc Nsssh% s0)un<ndu" 4s )u c*ch )<n+ lh 2lu/sslc Ts*h 4s Bb*ss cnc 4s <n+l3<nd cclc dbu+ cblbhnc dc 0c hl 58. Mh*clc Mbgbl h b+gh g*bh.h <n Hssh 0hhb0cdhn+ cu b) su c dc 0ss dc lu) + b*s 4s 4s"h h4c.h s0)c*sul <n *c cclc dbu+ 2lu/ss% Sndul 4s Ghngclc5'. B) .ccs dc hns h <nchsnh lu) cs <0)b *s/h 0hu*slb* /sc b*sbsul dbn Hlbnsb Cn*sFuc.% ccl dsn <s *cgc hl Pb* ughlscs% <n/sng<nd <n ds/c*sc csbcns*s b) *cgs 4s dcsc+)+3<n<nd"s )c 4h) c dsn *c cs. H cucc*s Ss0hsl Sh2s Pc*ssh% Mcsb)b h0sh% Mcdsh% Ch)hdbcsh% S/s*sh% H*0cnsh 4s Hlbhnsh89. Ch*bl Gusn ul s"h u0sls )c ccs 0hs 0h*s su/c*hns )c ch*c"s h/ch lu0ch? &"h luh )*s.bnsc* )c ccl hl K*hn3cs% &"h dcscu*hDh )c u*c% &"h /<*< <n <nchssbh*c )c ccl hl McCsculus% &"h )*sns )c Snch% &"h bs*us )c ccl hl Tunssulus 4s )c 0ul3s hl3ss. Dh* bh + hd0s*h3sh s sc <nchsn+ 0h*ss Sc0s*h0sdh% cch ch*c h <n c0csh Bhbs"lbnul? nc0ul3u0sndu"sc cu 2bh* c <n snsh 0bnh*hsc h Hss*scs% h cucc*s Cgs) ul% h h hch Sndsh 4s% cbnduc<nd un 0slsbn dc bh0cns cu dbu+ 0ss dc nh/c% &"h <n/sns )c h)clc 2lu/sulus Snd )c *cgclc S hu"*bbh cs8&: <n s0) cc"4s h*hnDh )+*ul% s sc d+du dc /cs c c+ Bhbslbnul sc *+sculhsc 4s% 2+*+ h"4s ss)*+/s )bdbhbh% 0c*sc% /+.u 4s <n/snsc. H4h <nc< b3s su/c*hnss c*bs% ccs ch*c hu s+/<*4s 2h) c dc /s cDsc 0+*c3c% 4s"hu cbndus )c*sbnhl h*0h clc. s cs*culh un )*b/c*b )bls sc )*sn *c b b0hnss bclscb4s% hccs )*s0s cucc*s b*s% c+ /sc b*sh nu c dc)lsn+ dhc+ nu c dc 2h3+ 4s Mh*clc S +)<n. C<nd un *cgc <4s /cdc sbldh3ss% <s *+s)l+ c4 c% sh* )*c.cn3h lus 2hcc c< <nc+ b h*0h +. Cu nu0hs b su + 4s cu *cgcscul s+u cu*hD s"h <ncu0c h *cgclc dbn Pcd*b ccl Mh*c hl H*hgbnulus s+ sc b)un+
58
... cclc d!u c!l!hnc dc "cthl6 Tbh c dh clc dsn )h*hg*h2ul hccs h% )*c.cn h c cu dcs ul+ h)*bCs0h3sc% hu 2bs culcsc dc G*hcs1n dsn c+*3s )*ccu0 cch h lus M. P. S *hns2s% Rcspu!lsch B!hc"shc, L!bn% &A6(% ch*c sc g+sch <n bsblsb cch lus Lhs" hnbsh. 5' Mhrclc M!#!l...6 Ph*hg*h2ul hccs h c dcs2sgu*h dc g*c4cls <n cds3sh )*sncc)s% *c)*bdus+ <n BP"BG.BC S% 2+*+ nscs b cC)lsch3sc. U*0+0 cC ul clh*s2sch dsn HH"BG.BC. ). A7b? >H c**b cl Hssh 0hhb0c hnh cl G*hn Mbgb* cbn bchbcscn bs 0ss cb0bh scn cs ! hscn A sus0)c*sb cn *c lbs dbs *sbs Sndb ! Ghngcs". 89 Hl!hnsh6 <n c)bch *b0hn+% nu0clc unus 3snu dsn Hssh dc sud"/cs % )c cbhs h M+*ss Chs)scc% cb*cs)un.<nd <n 0h*c H.c*bhsdDhnulus hc uhl. 8& Sc"srh"sdh... Sth-u!!htcs6 Pc*sbnhDc lcgcndh*c% c+*b*h <ns+ G*hcs1n lc hcb*d+% ch 4s <n hl c ch.u*s hsc0+n+ bh*c% *chls h c ss b*sc+ ssgu*+. &&8 PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL
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86
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Th0c*lhn% <nchss <n cu4c+ dc hu*% )cdch)s+ )c 0+su*h s+lb+ scscs shlc: h unus nc2c*scs #lhdsslh/% *cgc hl Pblbnscs% )+c+ls dc sbh* +% *+u s2+ us dc hs s+s% /sc b*sbs <n/sns% )*c2+cu <n nscb/hl+ h sh hghnclb* scnscc*c4 s: h)bs h unus dbn Hl2bnsb hl H*hgbnulus% dss)+*u lh K*hgh% dcbh*ccc ns0cns nu s"h* )u ch l+udh c+ h /+.u un *cgc h*hgbnc. <n/sns 4s 0b* : h)bs h unus *cgc K*hncssc hl K*hn3cs% .ss Mh*clc dbh* )cn *u ch S)hnsh s+ hsb+ un 0h*c ch) s/: h unus Scbhs shn% sbh*c ccls)sh lh *+s+*s dc lunslc h2*schncO H lu) h Cc.h* bsnc ch s+ hDung+ <0)+*h % sh* #hlc*shnus *+u ch s+ nu 0hs 2sc. Hl0hn.b* h cucc*s S)hnsh )*sn c+)s hnss s+s 4s H2*sch h )+s *h "b cl <nsu4s. Mhs 0ul c /sc b*ss h dbb<nds <0)+*h ul Ch*bl Gusn ul hbscn dsn *<ndul b4 slb* shlc dcc< )*c.cn . Unss *cgs hu luh )h* c lh b+ +lss ch s+"4s *sdscc 0bnh*hsslc% dh*% b dh + s h b*nscs c% n"h* 2s 2bs db/hd+ dc )*udcn3+ s+ *s4 c b ul. P*chnb*bcbsul *cgc dbn Mhnucl hl Pb* ughlscs nu sc ducch s+ chu c /sc b*sslc <n H2*sch 4s"n Hssh% c+cs /cnchu clc lh d<nsul 4s"s sn *hu )c )b*3s% sh* B*scn ul h /cns s+ s sc )*bs c*nc.c lh )scsbh*c. Dh*% <n *c hccs c dbu+ cC *c0c% )*ch)*udcn ul Kc*nhndb h g+ss 0sDlbcsh? nscs s+ u0blc b s0)ul ch Hhd*shn% nscs s+ lcnc/chsc+ )*ccu0 Ghllscnus. Nu 4s"h s hbsls cu* ch <n nscs unul dsn b*h4clc S)hnscs% 2sc )cn *u c+ nu 4s"h cbnssdc*h 0bnh*hsh dc2sns s/+% n+.usnd )u*u*ch lh 0hs 0ul % 2sc dsn Dudcch h )*b2und+ dc h nu 2hcc ch) b nh3sc 4s )scsbh*c hl h. Punc h < dc /*cdnsc dc h cn3sc% <nc< dsn hcchs + )*scsn+ )bls scscnss *cgs hs Chsncs hu dcsc0nh dbu+ b*h4c% Pc2sn 4s Nhn2sn% d*c) scdss hlc 0+*c3scs lb*% lu<nd sch0h c<nd lh )*b)*sh lb* cb0bds h c% <n hl c*nh*ch )b)hsu*slb* <n *h)b* cu /s *cgsslc /*c0ss% c<nd lh ssgu*hn3h su)u4slb*% 2+c<ndu"4s"s cghls <n 2h/b*u*s 4s *hngu*s. <n bh c 0bnh*hsslc h cCss h <n b dchunh un ccn *u *cgcsc hl )u c*ss. Hu 2bs hs 2cl unclc b*h4c% )cn *u c+ 0bnh*hsh <n clc h <ncc)u . H4h h 2bs Rb0h? ch) hl 0h*clus cs s0)c*su 4s% h)bs% hl <n *cgss lu0s: c0)b*su <ncb*bnh hl u u*b* bbg+3sslb*% dcs2+ +*slb*% 0+*c3sslb* 4s 0snunslb* shlc: 0h0+ uns/c*shl+ h nh3sslb*% ch*c h hDuns s+ hsb+ csncs 0slsbhnc dc su2lc c. Hl clc hu 2bs )*sn hlcgc*c% 3sn<nd sch0h dc 2blbhsc% 2sc hlc )bls scss% 2sc hlc ccbnb0scs% cu0 h 2bs Cbns hn snb)blul% 0hs <n <s hl s0)c*sulus c*c4 sn% h)bs hl hcclush b b0hn% hlcgc*ch sh db/cdsndu"sc% 4s )*s0h% 4s h dbuh bh*+% ns0c*s +% <n *uc< hccs b*h4 s0)c*shl c ss uh <n ccl 0hs bun lbc dsn lu0c% lh hb h*clc Cu*b)cs 4s Hsscs% db0sn<nd 0h*ch CuCsn+ 4s P*b)bn sdh% chcsc h h0bclb* 0+*s% ccn *u hl )*b/sncsslb* T*hcscs%
*cgsn+ h b*h4clb* Cu*b)cs% )*sn 2*u0usc3ch h4c.+*ss shlc% )*sn <nlcsns*ch )b* ulus% 0+*c3sh cds2scsslb*% bbg+3sh cb0c*3ulus% bcl4ugul cb*+bsslb*% 4s cu* c h Mh*clus Tu*c. Cu* c s"h n+scu 0h*ch Nsns/c <n ccl dsn <s s0)c*su hl lu0ss% ccl hl hss*scnslb*% 4s h < dc 0ul h c*cscu % <nc< h hDuns s+ 0+sbh*c *cs .slc dc d*u0% du)+ Ds/snh Ss b*sc. S"h luh cu ch lh <n *ccc*c Bhbslbnul% cu* c h su/c*hnslb* chldcs% cu cclc b su + dc )b*3s dc b*bn.% .sdu*s dc csncs.ccs dc cb3s l+3s0c 4s )cs c dbu+ su c <n+l3s0c% cu cclc *cs 0ss dc u*nu*s hlc shlc. L"h .sds Sc0s*h0sdh% &"h 0+*s Nhbucbdbnbsb*% 4s <nc+ h < dc 0ul % <nc< H*ss b cl *clh ch.+ c+. du)+ cc h 2bs cucc*s 4s Dc2us % b )h* c dsn cl h h2lh "b hbsh du)+ *cs .slc 8B. Us <nd <ns+ cu*3slc dc 0ul us h clb* s0)c*ss% Ph*ssul h 0c*s h s+ 2sc cc h c dc schun h *cgslb* s+s )*chc*c4 sns dc 0hs bsnc dc b 0sc dc hns% dh b*s + <0bcl4ug+*ss )+0<n ulus s+u% cu )cs c dbu+s)*c.ccc 0ss dc h4c.+*s lh .ccc lcghc dc .sdu*slc shlc% 2ssnd hs +.s ccl 0hs 0h*c b*h4 hl c*c4 sn+ +3ss? Lbnd*h. <n Hnglsh% )*sn h *hc3sh c<0)scs 4s )*sn h)clc nh/sghbslc hlc Th0sscs. 2lu/sul s+u: #scnh% <n Gc*0hnsh% )*sn )u c*c 4s c*cdsn3+: S bc2hbl0ul% <n Sucdsh% )*sn 0snunch gbl2ulus 4s 2*cc/cn h*ch )b* ulus s+u: C*hcb/sh% <n Pblbnsh% <0)+*3s + <n hl clc *cs% /cs s + )*sn 4cblslc 4s )u c*nsc+ )*sn chs clclc shlc: Mbscb/h% <n Mbscb/sh% )*sn c*cnul s+u s+n+ bs% undc nscsbdh + n"h )u u )+ *undc csu0h% h < dc )b)ulh +% <nc< sc nu0+*+ )*sn *c cclc )h *u 0hs 2hs0bhsc dsn Cu*b)h: Thu*ss% <n Pc*ssh% <ncununh cu g*+dsns% udh dc b 0sc dc s./bh*c% sc+ldh dc un hc* d+ + b* dc s+n+ h c 4s h)*b/s.sbnh cu b sbsul dc dclscss: Ch0bhlu. <n Th*" h*sh% cu un cb0c*3 h < dc sn cns% <nc< <n cl sn *+ hnuhl c< c b 0sc dc ch*c cu 0+ hsc dsn Chsnh% bs*usndu"lc )c bh c )*sn sb0) ub.s h ch 4s 0hgns2scscn3h )hlh ulus s+u: Sh0h*chnd% lh 0bngbls% <0bbg+3s 0hs <n <s cu bh c )*+.slc dsn Hssh <n *chg+% 4s cu h < h 0+*c3sc% <nc< <n cl sc h2lhu dc bbsccs 4hs.ccs dc 0ss dc chs? Kc.% <n Bc*bc*sh% ccl 0hs 2*u0bs 4s 0hs )b)ulh dsn H2*sch% cc h c <ncsns+ 4s chsh* )+ *uns+ dc b*h3clc *<ulus cs% c0)b*su *cgcsc dc ls c*c 4s bbg+3ss. Kc*nhndb h l+sh hcchs + hlcgc*c <n sch0h nb*bculus u*0h4slb* s+s% ch*c% b dh + s h b*nscs + 0bnh*hsh% hu hlcs Mhd*sdul% 2ssndc+ c ccn *u hl S)hnscs 4s dh b*s + c*cnulus s+u shlub*u.
8B
Lh hc3sunslc dsn h2h*h S)hnscs% ch*c n"hu 2bs cclc 0hs )u3sn glb*sbhsc% hsss h% dhc+ nu )*sn )*c.cn3h% )*sn cbnducc*ch sh% <nc*cdsn3h + unb* c+)s hns 2hs0b4s% /scc*cgs )*udcn3s% h0bhshdb*s h cn3s% c*cscu3s lh 4cbhlh sh% hbsbl/cn3s hs hlcgc*ss shlc. Hcchs + 0h*c sluDb+ h db0nscs nu sc )bh c cCc*cs h dc unul ssngu*. C <0)+* +4s + <n *cgss sc*ss dc 0sns4 *s%
ch*c s<n *cgs nc0sDlbcs3s. Cc 2blbs c+ su/c*hnul c cCcclcn <n ssnc% dhc+ hDu bh*clc lus <l dssc*cds ch.+O C*h *cgc lu0snh S cnbn hl SS"lch hl Sucdscs8A% Lsh* /scc*cgss s+s nc/*cdnscs l"hu <n uncch . Ch*bl dc HnDbu c*h )l+cu )*sn <n.cs *+*slc shlc *cgc4 s? h 2bs dc cs h dsn )*scsnh sncchs +3ss 0sns4 *slb* s+s% <n hsc0cnch 0+su*+% <nc< h )sc*du *bdnscul *cgh hl Sscslscs. <n hcch sch*+ 0c0b*hbsl+85. Hsu)*h ch)ulus sc"hbh g*c4clslc shu succcsclc cclb*lhl c 0+dulh*c subb*dbnh c. Hu cCss h *cgs% <n *u ns0sc h/hn hDh3s dc )*b)*sh lb* )c*sbhn+% dh* ch*c hu dc/cns cC *c0 dc cclcb*s dh b*s + c0sncn3cs 0sns4 *slb* lb*. Cs l"hu 2+cu nc0u*s b* )c Sus" snshn? Nh*scs 4s Bclssh*sc% <nh*0h3s? Tcb2sl 4s T*sbbnshn% bgh3s. s% ds0)b *s/+% hu cCss h *cgs c0sncn3s <n ssnc% dh* ncnb*bcb4s )*sn sns *u0cn clc db0nscs. Slus *h Mh*gh*c h h 0c*s h )*sn )c*sbhnh cs s+ 2sc *cgsn+ h Dhnc0h*ccs% Nb*/cgscs 4s Sucdscs? n"hu 0c*s h "b <ns+ <0)u c*nscs3ss s+s% 4s ch 4s" h )sc*du *cgh clc. s c )+ch s+ )sh*+ sncs s0hbslh *c)u h3sc *cghl+ h unus 0hCs0 Ch*lbs <n S)hnsh% nu dsn /snh lus% c+cs n"h h/u "b% cs dsn hccch h gu/c*nh b*slb* s+s hh sh3s. Un *cgc cu 0h*c ch)hcs h c 4s"b db/cdc4 c% <n cbnsccsn3+% 4s )*sn 0h*ch"s 4 ssn3+ dc"h hlcgc. Dbn Cn*sFuc hl Sll"lch hl Chs slscs ;hcclh ch*c sc 2+lch c+ c 0h*c c<*0us b*% 4s cu hdc/+*h h 2bs E <s )*c3ush cC *c0 dc 0ul )c 0sns4 *ss cCcclcn3s% h < <n h*0h +% c< 4s <n gu/c*n% 2ssndc+ lc 4 sh <nsc0n+ h ch. Ksls) hl SS"lch% ccl )*udcn % <s 0cn3snch b dchunh <n *"b dc)cndcn3+ 0c4 c4ugs +% c0)c*<ndu"lc 0ul clc s)c*hn3c cu cc/h
8A
&77
sh ss2hc3ss% c+cs c b h* + <n ssnc hccch dc h 4 s s+"3s cbnducs 0sns4 *ss% s+ 3s"s 2hcs 4s s+ 3s"s )+s *c.s. Unss h *sbusc nb*bculus 2h) ul c+ un *cgc h*c 0sns4 *s buns? cs c <ns+ 0hs 0ul % 2sc )*udcn3+ <n h 4 s s+"s hlcgs% 2sc 4 ssn3+ <n h c )*scc)c s+"s 2hcs. Un *cgc <n3clc) nu nu0hs <s hlcgc buns% cs <s 4s 2hcc% <s 2b*0ch.+% <s <n/h3+. C+ s<n )b *s/s3s nu 3snc dc su/c*hn: h cunbh4 c dhc+ s<n % dh. B0ul )bls sc <s 2b*0ch.+ )bls scscns. Ludb/sc hl @l"lch hl K*hn3cs lc s0)*s0h chsh* 4s bh0cnslb* 0hs dc *<nd% )c ch*c"s sbcb ch cl 0hs 0hnc/*hbsls 4s 0hs dbcsls% s)s*s ul s+u )bls sc? sn clsgcn3h sh <n h dcscb)c*s% /sclcnsslc shlc <n h )*c/cns% dsb+csh sh dc h ncgbcsh% h* h sh dc h sc )u* h. Ccl /s ch. 4s cCc*sh <n h*0c <s scbh c 0h*s *+.bbsnscs: cb* ul <0)+*h ulus Ch*bl Gusn ul h 2bs sc0snh* dc c+)s hns /cs s3s. H s+/<*4s luc*u*s 0h*s dc unul ssngu*% 4s <nc+ 0hs 0h*s )*sn cs: nb*bcul s+u cC *hb*dsnh* <s 0bls)sch 4s"s hDu h. H4h <nc< )bls scshnul Ludb/sc <s 2hcc )bls scscns: b+ +sbsul dbn Jhs0c% /s cDs: <n3clc) ul Ch*bl 2*hncc.% <n3clc)3s: c<*0us b*ul Cn*sFuc hl Chs slscs% 0h*s c<*0us b*s: s2<n ul Kc*nhndb% d*c)3s: )*udcn ul Ksls)% )*udcn3s: <0)+*3s b*ul dc d*c) h c dbn Jhs0c hl H*hgbnulus% <0)+*3s b*s dc d*c) h c: 4s 0h*clc Ksls) hl S#"lch hl S)hnsslb*% )cn *u c+ c b ul% h h/u un 0snss *u% /*chu s+ .sc un h*hs0snss *u% )c cCcclcn sss0ul scnsb* dbn Ghs)h* dc Gu.01n% cbn c"ducc dc Bls/h*cs88% c0sncn <n b ul% 0h*c 0snss *u hl 0h*clus 0bnh*h: cu hdc/+*h u*sh4 cu b su + dc b*h3c% b su + dc <n3clcgc*s% b su + dc )*udcn3c? c+cs 2+*+ <ndbshl+ cc*ul h )*c/+.u % )cn *u cclc 0hs 0h*s )*s0cDdss hlc hccs cs ch blscc 0bnh*hss% )c ccs 0hs 0h*s b+*bh3s. Sh* 2h) ul c+ lu0ch <n *chg+ s"h cbnDu*h <0)b *s/h cs nu h 2bs dcc< )cn *u ch <n.cs *+*slc *cghlc 4s cclc duchlc s+ shs+ lh lu0snh uns/c*shl+ h <n *cgulus cbs0bs 4s h u u*b* /chcu*slb*. Ccch cc <ns+ &"h hDu h ccl 0hs 0ul )c Kc*nhndb s+ 2sc un su/c*hn dcs+/<*4s <n nb*bc 4s cu*hD hu 2bs slus *clc 4s c*bscclc
88
<n.cs *+*s hlc nscsc<nd <ndchDuns clbgsh cs *cgsnc dbnh Sshbcl% ch blsch lus cbnsbh* +% hcch 0h*c )*sncs)cs+ ch*c% dc4s 2c0csc% h dc)+4s ls0s clc unus b+*bh . Mul bsnc hducc 2c0csh cch bun+ 4s )*udcn +% du)+ cu0 cch s0)*udcn +% 0ul *+u. Mh0clc% dsn *cs)cc % sb3sslc% dsn d*hgbs c% 2+) uscsc 0ul <0)*cun+ cu su/c*hnss. Mcsh cch <n3clch) + 4s cu0sn c h )u u % h < c< h *+s % s+ hcb)c*c% dhc+ nu s+ <n2*1nc.c% 0bns *ub.s +3slc lus Hclsbghbhl% nc)b ul cs. S2<n h <0)+*+ chs+ Clcnh h *c.+0ssls <n *u c*c4 snss0 4s"n *u bh + /s* u ch )c 0h*clc <0)+*h Cbns hn sn. C< s0) h *+s c*cdsncsbhsh"s 0h0+% K*cdc*sc <0)+*h ul8' h 2bs hl ul. Mh*c )h* c dsn c*bsch s2sn3cnsc h lus Ludb/sc hl S@"lch hl K*hn3cs sc dh b*c4 c <n/+3+ u*ss s)hnsblcs db2scs Blhnch% 0h*ch lus 0h0+. S2<n h h*hgbnc.+ dbnh Sshbcl% nc0u*s bh*ch *cgsn+ h Pb* ughlscs% h 2bs b*hcbl dc /s* u c 4s )hcc <n *c *cgclc dbn Dsns.'9% .ss N+scbcs b*ul% sb3ul cs% 4s )*sn3ul dbn Hlbnsb% .ss ccl b*h/% 2sul cs. Cu dsscs)lsnh cs *clsgsbhs+ b <n/sngch )c cch 0sls h*+% 4s cu )sc h ch cs% h dcs *+0h cschd*bhnclc <nh*0h c hlc unus h + <0)b *s/h unus 2su 4s hlc unus 2su <0)b *s/h unus h +. c*ucs <0)b *s/h c*ucslb* 4s s c0+ <n csncs'& h0cnsn3<nd s c0h <n csncs. Nc)*c3us h nbhs *+ *cgsn+ 4s dbh0n+%
dbnh M+*g+*s h dc Hus *sh'7% bbg+3sh cch 0hs 0h*c h S)hnscs% h c+*cs s2<n h h0sn s*c c )u*u*s )*bhs)+ + <n )l<nsul nccu*0h % &"h 2+cu 4s 0hs s2<n )c sb3ul cs 4s h u0)lu lu0ch dc b succcssunc ch blsc+ dc h lhn3s hs c*cdsn3cs% dc cblu0nc hlc *clsgscs% dc sb*s hs c*c4 sn+ +3ss. Kc*scs su/c*hnul )c ch*c b 0h0+ )*udcn + 4s s2<n h <l hducc h dbuh bh*+ lh lu0snh /s* u3ss 4s% ch b u*sbhsc+ c*c4 sn+'6% <l )l+0+dc4 c cC c*sb* 4s l+un *sc.
8'
Cu bh c hccs ch <n /bsn3h unus su/c*hn bbs4nusc4 c s+ )*ccu0)+nchsc+ 0hs 0ul d*hgbs ch sn cns+ h uncs sb3ss dcc< cch *cs)cc ubhs+ h uncs 0h0c: 0ul b*h lc"hu dh s *+lucs*c cbnsbh* clc lb* 4s )c 0ul3s hl3ss s"hu dssc*cds h . S"h /+.u hcchs + dcbscbs*c lh *cgclc dbn Juhn S hl H*hgbnulus% )c ch*c )*s0h sb3sc &"h 2+cu )l+cu /hshlslb* s+s% sh* h dbuh dc cs hbsl. Lh scCul hccs h )hssunslc db0ncsc dc bbsccs <n hsc0cnch 0+su*+% <nc< nu 0hs lhs+ lbc s2h ulus% *+bd+*ss% )*udcn3cs% )+*3s cscn3shlc hlc c<*0us*ss% sh* s*hnsh lb* s)b*c4 c cu )u c*ch. Dh* 2c0csh ch*c% cb*cc <ndu"4s 2s*ch% h dc/cns <n3clch) + 4s )*udcn +% h 2bs hs 2cl <n chs) nc<n *c*u) 4s% dc bbsccs% 2c0cslc 2bh* c b+*b+ bhsc hu 2bs 2bh* c )*udcn c. Hssgu*<ndu"sc dc bunh ch)hcs h c h cbnsbh* cs shlc% un su/c*hn <s )bh c dh )*slcD s+ cbdb0nchsc+% dh* b dchunh cu 0bdc*h3sc. K+cch c< dbs 0h*clc *cgc dbn Rh0s*b S hl Chs slscs% hDu h dc )*udcn3h 4s cu*hDul *cgsncs dbnh U**hch% sb3sh sh. s <nc+ 4s 0hs 0ul *cgclc dbn Juhn hl LT"lch hl H*hgbnulus% dc c+ *c *cgsnh dbnh Juhnh: <4s <0)+*3chu h0<ndbs 0unch? <n s0) cc *cgclc cbnducch bs slc <n *"un *cgh % *cgsnh <n *unch cu*3slc <n ccl+lhl 4s. ch lun+ s *+lucs bh*c% su)lsnch hbscn3clc )*chbcu)h ulus *cgc. Nu c 0ul s2h ul uncs 2c0cs% dh* bun: )cn *u c+ nu &"h u*0h . s"h )sc*du *cgclc dbn Juhn% ul s0ul hl Nh/h**cs'(% c<nd h* ss *cbus s+ sc 0cn3sn+ *cgc )*sn s2h ul hcclcsh ch*c &"h 2+cu *cgc. C bsnc ch un su/c*hn s+"4s 2c*chsc+ hu b*s h ch dc b3s. dh* s+ ccdc.c <n 2h3h *h3sunss <n ch.ul b*scus% 4s 0hs hlcs <n ch.ul uncs cbnsbh* c <n3clc) c 4s s2sn c. B sb*+ )*udcn +% cu0sn c 4s sscuss + )bh c s h 2bh* c bsnc )c lbcul uncs sb3ss shu 0h0c. H4h h 2bs % cu dbn Cn*scb S hl Chs slscs% lu0snh h *cgsn+ h Lcbnulus% dbnh Bc*cnguclh% sb*h lus% <nc< % h < h s0) c< s"h s h hl+ u*s% Chs slsh s"h bucu*h dc lsns4 c. <n S)hnsh hu *ccu <n b dchunh d*c) b+*bh3s 2c0cslc /s*slc% sh* <n chsh dc Hus *sh clc hu 2bs 0c*cu )*c3us c 4s 2blbss c. Rh*+ 4s ssngulh*+ <n *c bh c h 2bs ch blsch *cgsn+ dbnh Sshbcl% cu b ch)hcs h c h < dc 0h*c% <nc< % hl+ u*s dc cch h unus *cgc h < dc 0h*c% h )u u s+ sc 2hc+ nu nu0hs cunbscu +% cs s+ 4s s *+lucchsc+. S"h db/cds 0hs <n <s c<nd &"h hlcs% h)bs c<nd &"h )*c3us . Kscch*c dsn *c ccs dbs )u ch 2hcc un sccbl dc hu* 4s b db0nsc )*ch2c*scs +% cu h < 0hs 0ul h0<ndbs lhblhl +Q
Kc*nhndb h hDuns undc )u3sns hu hDuns% lh )unc ul cC *c0 hl )bls scss% 4s hnu0c s+ 2hc+ dsn gu/c*nh*ch lus dc)cndcn3+% hs 2cl <nc< 0bnh*hsh s+ 4 sc c+ h*c ch nc/bsc dc cl% 4s nu ds0)b *s/+: hccsh4s ch*c l"hu hlungh cu sng*h s udsnch lb* l"hu s0)lb*h cu *ug+0sn3slc lb*: l"hu g+ss Dsgns % dh* )*udcn % 4s hu sbcb s d*c) un *+u 0hs 0h*c s+ 2sc ls)ss3s dc Dudcc+3slc lus ns0c*s c dcc< s+ sc su)un+ sndsgnh cs shlc )*udcn3c. Pu3sns su/c*hns hu hDuns lh glb*sh hcchs h: 0hs nu0c*b4s hu 2bs ccs huls3s dcc< ccs db*s3s: 4s dhc+ dbn Shnchb h 0c*s h <n Chs slsh hccs *cnu0c% h 2bs 0hs 0ul <n c0csul uncs bsnc cbncc)u c s)c*hn3c dcc< hl uncs cC)c*scn3c <nc+*un3s c. N"h hDuns Ts us s+ <0)lsnchsc+ ccs 4hsc hns buns% 4s chsh* b) s0s% hs lus Nc*b. Unss hu 2bs *+)s3s <nhsn c ch *+u h ch s+ lc s *scc bunh Dudcch +'B. #h*sc h ch c 0h0h )l+cc*ss shu ccl )u3sn h hlsn+*ss% sh* schs0bh*ch su)c*sb*slb* h 2bs 0c*cu h)lhudhbsl+. 2+*+ h bbsc*/h c+ nc4hnsh cclus cc ss)*+/c4 c sc *hns2b*0+ dc bbsccs <n hl h dc hl sbs lh hcclh ch*c <ncc)c. Ssngu* Kc*nhndb h 2bs )*s/slcgsh cu hcchs + uns/c*shls h c% 2cnsC hl hu b*s +3ss% ch*c h *cn+scu <n *u ch <nc+ b dh +% 2ssnd h)lhudh ch unsc. S"h <n b*s <n Chs slsh cu *su02 <n *c)u h3sc 4s% clbgssndu"&% un 0h*c b0 )bls sc h hDuns s+ s)un+ c+ lchcul hccs cs 0bnh*hss% dc"h* 2s dcc+.u cu0/h% nu h* 2s hl ul dcc<l s+ <n/sc.c *cgclc ch blsc 4s s+ b *cs hu*c.c. <n c0csh +'A% Kc*nhndb s"h )*cbcu)h s+ b dcs+/<*4chsc+ <n bh c gcnu*slc dc )bdbhb+% cul u*+ 4s )c*2cc3sunc )bls sc+. Rb0ulus h <n c0csh Rc)ublsch *b0hn+: nu s"h dh )*slcD s+ b dcs+/<*4chsc+ 2sc <n bh*cc*ch )cdc)scs 2*h c*nc% 2sc h0+gs b*ul )*c0su hl Scnh ulus: bblsgh3sh hcchs h h *+0hs )cn *u u*0h4s? c+cs nu c cch 0hs )u3sn <nsc0nh + *cgul+ h )bls scss s+"& lh4s )c succcsb* <n chs) glb*sbs bblsgh % s+"s lh4s b c*bsc+ bblsgh3sc. Sn 2clul hccs h s"h *c.s Sbls0hn% <n+* )u3sn cC)c*s0cn h % 4s% cu *+scbhlh lus Gh.cl 4s h 0h0clucslb*% s"h )*c2+cu % dsn *"un 0scl bl<nd lh <ncc)u ul db0nscs% <n *"un lcu 2u*sbs hl h*0h clb*.
H /cns % h4hdh*% Nu0h% 4s h sn *bdus *clsgsh% dc4s 2hls+% ch 2undh0cn hl b*sc+*cs c<*0us*s. H n+scbcs .cs 4s cul % shcc*db3s 4s
1
shc*s2scss. S"h u*0h Tullus Hbs slsus% 4s h dh 2ssn3+ h*0h cs% hd+ug<nd cu*hDulus dsscs)lsnh. H)bs% Hncus h <0)bdbbs b*h4ul cu .sdu*s 4s )bd 4s h <n c0csh cblbnsslc. Du)+ cl% P*sscus h <n +*s 0hscs h ch *cghl+ 4s )c cch h 0hgss *h3slb* cu lcgs 4s <nsc0nc. <n cclc dsn u*0+% Sc*/sus h s hbsls /cns u*slc Rc)ublscss% bs*u*slc 4s s0)b.s clc% ch*c% 0bdc*h c% s<n nc*/s hs )+s *+*ss cs% dh*% cCccss/c% hs *u sncs. H4h <nc< Rb0ulus 2+u*c4 c 0bnh*hsh% 4s ccslhl3s b duc 0hs dc)h* c 4s b dcs+/<*4csc. Ccch cc b3s hcc4 sh hu 2+cu )cn *u 0bnh*hsh dsn S hlsh% Kc*"nhndb h s+/<*4s ssngu* )cn *u cch dsn S)hnsh. Cl h 2+cu "b *clsgsbhs+% cu*+3snd"b dc unss 4s dc ccslhl3s ncc*cdsncsb4s 4s *sdsc<nd <n sl+/s *sbunhlul shc*u 4s /sgslcn hl Snchs.s3scs. Cl h 2+cu "b /s ch.+% hduc<nd lh cunb4 sn3h cclb*lhl c nh3ss s *+snc cu*hDul s)hnsblslb*% cu b*usc+ ulus*c <n 2h3h )u c*ss lb*: 0hscs ubhs+% duc<nd lh h)bgcu hu b*s h ch *cghl+% h < dc ncsbcb s + 0hs <nhsn c% 4s chsh* dss)u h +: bbgh +% nu dsn *sbu u*s% cs cu 2lb clc shlc% 2lu/ss )c*cnc dc hu*% h*gsn % )c*lc 4s hl c bbg+3ss cc sn *+"n 2scch*c hn dsn Sndsh: <n3clch) +% hduc<nd lh ch b+*bh3s dbc3s 4s *cnu0s3s <n ls c*c u0hnc 4s ds/snc: <n s2<*4s % nb*bcbhs+ <n b sbsul dc dcs+/<*4s*s 4s dc cul u*+. H4h <nc< % )*ch)*udcn ul Ksls)% nc)b ul s+u% b0hgssndu"s )b* *c clc% hd+ugh? >Lus <s dh b*+0 b ul." Cu bh c c+ s.b<n.slc <s c*hu h< dc cunbscu c 4s dc ssgu*c% nc0ul3u0s % ncsh ss2+cu dc h)*bbh*ch sh sn c*sbh*+ 4s dc cch )ublsc+% hccs 0h*c su/c*hn bbs4nush s+ sc cc*cc c.c )c ssnc <nsu4s ch *cgc. Bbs4nush cu /sclc4ug s+" 4s )*c snd+ ssc4s *h)b* ul. Dhc+ b*sc+*us b0 <s c h < dc g*cu s+ sc cunbhsc+ )c ssnc% cc s+ s)unc0 dcs)*c un *cgcO H c cunbh4 c <n snc <nsu3s nu 3s"b <ng+dusc h0b*ul )*b)*su: h c cunbh4 c <n ccslhl3s nu b )c*0s c hdulh3sh 2+*+ 0h*gsns. Un *cgc nu h*c bglsnd+% dh* hscs% dhc+ c <n3clc) % sn c*/snc dsb+csh. P*sn3ul Gc*0hnscus sc dcghs.h ;s +*usc Thcs E 4s% hs 2cl hscuns% )lcch <n c+u h*ch hdc/+*ulus )*sn hbc*clc nc)+* sns bh*c hlc sbldh3slb* s+s"? uncb*s hscul h clbgss cu dclcc h*c% 4s hl cb*s cbn *h*ul cu dc.h0+gs*c. Dc hccch4s hbsls h c sc 2blbsch Ch*bl Gusn ul% dc/cnsnd sscbhd+ h *c)u h3scs shlc% 4s cc*cc h cugc clc hlb* s+s <n hcch lsbc* h c nc)*c/+.+ bh*c. Nscs u*h 4s nscs lsngu4chlh nu s<n bglsn.s 2sdclc% 2hlss2sc+ hdc/+*ul% *+s u*n<ndu"&? hccch 2hcc dsn /s* u3s /scss% sh* hcchs h dsn /scss /s* u3s. R+ +csndu"sc lh /<n+ bh*c'5% K*hncssc S hl K*hn3cs% dc )c h uncs 0h*c% <nnb) h <n chsh ss0)ls +3ss 4s% <n 0sDlbchl unb* 3+*hns% <s *+s+*s sbh*clc hdc/+*ulus% d*c) ch*c )*ch<n3clc) ul su/c*hn bbs4nush s+ *c)c c? >M"h0 g+ss % )sc*du % )cn *u c+ h0 schs0bh d*u0ul." Dsn *"unss s+*hcs cu duhul 4s dsn ncbuns% su/c*hns 2bh* c )*udcn3s hu 2+cu b*hcblc hlc hdc/+*ulus% c+cs dc 0ul dbh* cs <l 0hs s)un. Rclh ch.+ 2+*+ ch0+ ccch cc hl3ss hu /b*bs 2+*+ g*sD+ dc 2h3+ cu cs. Hcchs h h 2bs sub sls h ch *c0h*chbsl+ h lus Kc*nhndb% cb*bhn+ h )bls scss shlc. H 0u*s lh Ccs 4hs.ccs 4s )h *u dc hns hs )*c3sbhscs shlc /<*s c 4s lh ccs )h *u.ccs hs 2c*scs cs shlc db0nss. Mh*c nb*bc )cn *u b 0bnh*hsc c<nd *cgss <s 0b* b+ *<ns 4s nu <ncc) dc cb)ss. H *+s )u3sn <n bucu*h*c% dh* /c4nsc <n *cg*c . <n .suh <n ch*c hu 0u*s Kc*nhndb 4s Ch*lbs% nc)b ul s+u ccl 0h*c% h )l<ns <n *chgh c*c4 sn+ h c% s"h bucu*h <n *chgh ncc*cdsn3+: b*dsnch s"h *+s u*nh <n .suh c<nd hu )sc*s Scls0 4s 2sul s+u. Kc*nhndb'8 <ns+ n"h 0u*s % c+cs b+*bh3ss 2hs0b4s nu 0b* nscsbdh +. Khs0h u0bl+ b dchunh )c lh cC *c0c. <n ch.ul *cgslb*% nu cCss + 0sDlbcsc. S<n cunbscu3s 2sc ch 2bh* c buns% 2sc ch 2bh* c *+s. H4h cu0 unss s<n )*bdsgss glb*sbhsc% lh 2cl s<n hl3s 0bn4 *s dc cs hbsls. Unss% ch*c hu 2bs sbclu*s hlc 0bnh*hscs% ch ch s+ u*cc: hl3ss% )scdscs ch s+ chd+% *cgs hs g*b.+/scs% hs schndhlulus% hs sn2h0scs: h0sn s*c h lb* sc <n/c4nscc4 c <n b*bn.u*slc *hds3scs. Unss hu dh gh h 0bnh*hsh% )*ccu0 Cbns hn snulus")c cch h G*ccscs: hl3ss )*b)*sul lb* nch0% )*ccu0 Chsldc*sc )c ccl hl lus Clb/ss: sh* hl3ss *clsgsh )*ccu0 Hcn*sc hl #UT"lch hl Hnglscs. Rcgh ul lus Ss*hcl h <ncc)u s+ dcchd+ cu Rbbbh0% )*sn s0)*udcn3h hccs ush: cu Ghl"lscnus S0)c*sul *b0hn% )*sn sl+bscsunch lus: cu Chlbhhncs&99 ccl
'5 '8
Rtcsndu3sc lh *nt!hsc6 Hnccdb + )*cluh + dsn G. Bb c*b% Dcttt "c"!rh!sls. 1c"hnd!6 Hscs <ncc)c% du)+ Kc**h*s $!p. cst., ). 69(E% cch dc"h csncch 4s ul s0h )h* c h b)c*cs? >Uns/c*shls.h*ch 4s subls0s.h*ch lus Kc0hndb Ch blscul ch 2bndh b* )c*2cc hl 0h*ss 0bnh*hss s)hnsblc". '' C!nsthntsnulus6 Cbns hn sn hl @l"lch Phlcblbgul% ul s0ul <0)+*h bs.hn sn. &99 Chl!hhncs6 <n b*sgsnhl% Chl!-hncs, <n /cchch b* bg*h2sc s)hnsbl+% shu Chl!37hncs, <n cch 0bdc*n+. Dc4s h0 2bs cn h3s s+ *hnsc*sc0 Chl!shn shu 1hl!s!hnncs, h0 )+s *h 2b*0h u sls.h + dc G*hcs1n% dcbh*ccc sdcn s2sch*ch )c*sbnhDulus nu c dclbc u4bh*+. Cb0cn h b*ss c*cd% <n 0hDb*s h ch lb* ;/c.s C. Sh*0scn b% hn. cst, ). &'BE c+ c /b*bh dc Sbhn Cb0ncnul% <0)+*h bs.hn sn <n *c &&&8 4s &&(6% n+scu <n &988% c+*ush <ns+ nu s s"h* )u ch *c)*b4h% <n c*0cnss lus G*hcs1n% cbn *sbu3sh lh dss *ugc*ch s0)c*sulus. s 0hs )u3sn )bssbsl+ c sdcn s2sch*ch cu 3h*ul /lhhb"bulgh* lbns3+ Chlbshn ;&&'5"&795E. P*bblc0h *+0<nc dcschss+. &78 PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL
&7'
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&9& &97
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DSSCCRNTBRUL
H&A(AP
C# D1SCKC01
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B
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75

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@#SS"lch. Cb/h**ubshs dc2snc4 c dudul hs 2cl $Tcs!r!, ). 8&(E? >Pb0 cunbscu % <n lh snc4 c "!nssr, du)+ unss% s"h s)us dc lh "!rh, ch*c <nsch0n+ .+bh/+% <n *uc< sc nu0+*+ )*sn *c )b0ss ch*c <n/c*.csc ccl 0hs <*.su% c<nd nu 0hs c nscs un )c*scbl dc <nghc3. Hl3ss s)un c+ /snc dc lh cu/<n ul g*cccsc "hur!n, ch*c <nsch0n+ ncg*u. Hl3ss sus3sn c+ dsn "!r!s, <n lh . stultus, )*sn hn s2*h.+% <n *uc< hccs )b0 c Dudscsbs 4s <n3clc) % )*sn 2h) ul c+ h4 ch) + s+ *chc+ gc*u*slc% ch s+ <n2*un.chsc+ 4s s+ dch 0ugu*ss h uncs c<nd <nghc3u*slc 4s gc*u*slc nu"s 0hs )b d+unh." Hlcsh s *csh c0h <n c0blc0h 79A? >Sc*sb* h 0b*us nunFuh0 nsss 2*sgb*c lh)sb gc*0snh ? c sh)scns nb0snh 2hlsh gc*s " ;>dudul% 0hs sc*sbs% nu <n/c*.c4 c nscsbdh + dcc< du)+ cc h *ccu 2*sgul 4s% <n3clc) % )bh* + nu0c 2hlsc"E% hdsc+% du)+ Dscgb Lb)c. $Dcclhrhcs!n "h#sstrhl dc lhs c"!lc"hs dc Hlcsht!), ,7n!r!s, <n g*ccc4 c% <nsch0n+ pr!st, sh* cl ;dudulE sc nu0c4 c "!rus dcbh*ccc% h4 c) <nd s+ <n2lb*chsc+ /h*h% cs c <n3clc) % 2ssndc+ h uncs ns0sch nu"s 0hs )bh c d+unh". #c.s 4s C*s % S% &7% Uns/c*s% &'85% ).77B% nb h 6(. &B7 DSSCCRNTBRUL
Mc*gchu% 2bh* c h)*bh)c dc ch*ul *su02+ b*% c<3s/h 0h*s bh0cns% )c ch*c s"h 2+cu 2hs0b4s hcchs + <n.cs *h*c <ncb*bnh +% sh* hcu0% duc<ndu"s hl+ u*s dc ch% <4s h*+ h )*c3us*ch. Mc*gch hcblb c0)b*s.h b*ul Khbsus MhCs0us6'% ch*c% cu 0ul h"s *+bdh*c h s)ulbc*h /s cDsh cclus 0hs bun ch* hgsnc. 4s h *cs hu*h *c)ublsch *b0hn+: hl+ u*s dc cl *bnh bhs bnul 2*hncc.slb*(9% 0+csn<ndu"s nu0c*bhsclc b4 s cu .+bh/h 4s /cnsnd dc hhc /sc3ss 4s *+bd+*ss 0h*clus Ksls): Mh*clc C+)s hn% 2bh* c cunbscu )*sn ss)*h/h h*+ h + dc cl lh Bh*lc h (&? hccch cc% cu 0ul + 0sn c% c <n/h3+ s+ hs Dudcch +% 4s ch*c s"h hdus un *cgh % cucc*s 0hs dcg*hb+ cu hDu b*ul cu0sn3cnscs dcc< hl b*h/u*ss: <nhsn ch lus% M+*sns0bsul h*h"gbnc. (7% 2+u*sndu"4s lh 2bc 0sc% dsn lhn3u*slc <nchssb*ss shlc% b cb*bhn+. #cnchu 0ul3s 2slb.b2s 4s <n/+3h3s% )*b2csb*s <n )sld+ 4s 0hgss *s <n cC)c*scn3+. S0)un+ b*ul hlhs <l gu/c*nh Ts0)ul% c+cs bc0hs 4bn <c+s ul <n c<*Dclc shlc c*h b cc"s sc4ch 0hs bsnc. <l <nchcsh Cls)h )*sclnsc+ d*c) h*scgh*d+% <n b/+*+4s + dc S2h % Cugc h*c% Mh u*s h c 4s C*csc*. C*h <*.su bsnc c<nd sc )b0cns*+ h hch3s dc un cschd*bn 2u*sbs dc 0bn4 *s% c+cs hs h c b*scc cCccs dc )h s0+? sndssc*c h MsDlbcs*c% Zb*ul"s0)*udcn % )*bhs h U4u*+ h c 4s /ulgh*h Bulucchl+% Ncs+busn3h% G*hbh 4s N+du2ul% cu b3ss s)bchs0cns dsn glbh h S0)*udcn3cs. R+bdh*ch <4s <n3clcsc 0h*clc *ssc% <n *uc< nu )u* h h*0c b2cnss/c% nu h/ch )ulbc*+*sc = c+cs c 0uns3sc sn c*.ss+ <n bhs ch sh =% sh* H/<n ul c*h *c2b*0h 4s Ku*sh dc.h*0h +. Pb*uncs H0<n+*ss s+ 2hc+ )b)hs 4s b*dbn+ Dsss0ul+*ss s+"s duc+ cu /b*bh% )cn *u ch ch s+ /hd+ <n *c s0) cc c*h dc 2+cu . Sc dc.b+ u cu dc.l<nh*c% <n chs) 2bh* c s)hnsblcsc% dh* cu b h < h 2blbs.
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pc cclc durc 4s pc cclc #rh c6 Hlu.sc )bssbsl+ lh dbu+ dsn *c /sc b*sslc <0)+*h ulus% cch dc lh Du*h% >cclc du*c"% <n &B(6% 4s cch hsu)*h lhndg*h/ulus dc Hcssh% >cclc g*h/c"% <n &B(5% c*cdc M. Rb0c*h"Nh/h**b% Cl Dsscrct! Bucnbs Hs*cs% &'('% ).(8. hpud HH"BG.BC% ). 8'h% n. 7. B9 Ts"pul 4s cu "snc, c*t *nc d!s6 Rc2lcc3sc h *sbus + hscs lus Ch*bl Gusn ul 4s *cluh + <n Br., BB.&"h 0hs 2bs h *sbus + 4s lus Ksls) hl Sl" lch. DCSPRC KSLBTSMSC &BB
H4h <nc< s2c*h 0ch cs c gcnc*b.s h ch% blh.bn hl sns0slb* 0h*s% sh* 0h*ch 0ch )*cbcu)h*c% s+"& /b*bcsc dc bsnc )c du40hn 4s chsh* s+ hc3sbnc. 0hs bsnc? 0hCs0+ h ds/sncs c*cdsn3c% cc s)*sDsn+ b h < dc c*c4 sn+ 2slb s0sc. Cch 0hs 0h*c s *+lucs*c 0s"h0 /+ds "b <n ss uh3sslc hcu c hlc *+.bun+*ss: nu s lc"h0 hnulh % cs s lc"h0 h0clsb*h % )*cschs0b<nd"b% c<nd c 0hs h*bghn +% <n *"b ncg<nds + gcnc*b.s h c% cu hclh0h3ss dc cbnssdc*h3sc. Pc d*u0ul hccs h h dbb<nds *c)u h3sc nc0u*s bh*c Ludb/sc hl @SS"lchB&% c+cs 2*hncc.ss% /*chu s+ .sc ccs nbbsls% hu 2bs b dchunh 2slb s0s. Sc c0chu dc cl% ch *cgc% hccsh ch*c"& snsul hsc*+ ch ducc% dh* cl% *hns2b*0<nd *+.bunh*ch <n clcghn3+% s"h )u u lsns4 s cu hcch 0hs 0ul *c)c h + dcc< <ndcs ul dc l+udh + s)us+? >Ch% nu *+.bun+ *cgclc K*hn3cs b2cnsclc hdusc ducclus dc B*lchnsQ" Dh* cc c dc 0s*h*c c+ hsc0cnch clcghn c <nch) <n *"un *cgc hl bh0cnslb* c<nd clc *bnch.+ 4s <n ccl hl 2sh*clb*O Lcul )c 0ul3s <s )bh c <n/+3h 2slb s0sh% c+cs 2sh*clc sc u0hns.ch.+ c<nd bh0cnss dc/sn 2sh*c% sh* dhc+ uncb*s hu dcgcnc*h c ;du)+ cu0)+ns*ch lus Mh*3shlE )cn *u c+ s"hu )c*/c* s )*sn *c bh0cnsB7. S<n 4s )bls sc+% 4s chsh* lh0u*h cclcs 0hs <nhl c *h3suns dc S h % <n *uc< ch 4s cu 0snc l"h0 2+cu nc0u*s b* )c *cgclc dbn Juhn hl Sl"lch% ccl hl H*hgbnulus% 4s hnu0c <n .suh c<nd% <n hccl /cs s ch *u hl 2hs0cs lus% Ch hlbnsh% 4s"h schs0bh cch 0hs <n +*< h + *+.bunh*c <n cch 0hs nchu.s + clc0cn3+. #+.<ndu"sc <n/sng+ b* hl ch hlhnulus% h dc/cns 4s hl lus <nsu4s. B% nbu 4s *h* chs) dc"h sn *h *su02<nd <n h < dc subs h Bh*cclbn+% <n ch*clc 0slbs cnscsQ C+cs h 2bs b sn *h*c <n sns0s% cu b/h3ss )cn *u )+*sn clc s)hnsbl 4s dc.h0+gs*s )cn *u h +l /s *cg s *+snB6.
B& B7
Nu )*c3uscsc )*ch 0ul /sc b*sslc )c ch*c lc dbb<ndcsc hsu)*h sn/sdscs% dc4s <0s cs c cch 0hs h)*sg+ *s/hl+: lc chu % dh* nu 0+ lhud cu clc: nu 2hc )h*hd+ dc *su02u*s% )cn *u c+ dc ns0sc nu 2hc )h*hd+% sh* c<nd lc dbb<ndc4 c 0c*s ul% lc hscundc ss0)ls h ch. Psc*d uncb*s dsn cc 0s sc cu/snc% ch s+ <nhsn c. 0hs 0ul % 4s c<nd )h*c c+"0s us dc cbn/cnscn3+% ccd<nd% 0+ hlcg cu *c)u h3sh% cCccd<nd. T*hns2b*0 <n h0hbsls h c ccch cc n"h* 2s dcc< un dss)*c3 /ulgh*% dh* nu )c b*sch*c% c+cs ccch cc *u)c sn2h0sh nu 0hs ls)c4 s lh lbc cu nscs un 0c4 c4ug.
H 2bs b dchunh b 0h*c sub sls h c s+ 2hcs )bdbhb+ dsn *cs *s4 s 4s s+ lc cbn/c* c4 s <n *clsc2u*s hlc dsb+cscs )c cclc cc hu 2bs ds.g*h3ss hlc nh u*ss 4s sb*3ss. Csnc sc g*+bc4 c s+"4s 0+* u*sschsc+ dc2cc ul )*b)*su lc <nchsdc gu*h cclb*lhl3s: nu <nsch0n+ dss)*c3 dc ssnc% cs c*bsc+ clcghn3+ 4s% cbn *h* lhudcs% <n gu*h )*b)*sc sc <nnbbslch.+B(. S<n scu /s ch. <n Dsgns*s% hDu b*<nd cu nb hbsl+ dsb+csc 4s <n glu0c% 4s <n hdc/+*u*s. Cu b cschs/+ cu* cnchsc+% bh cu b )b*ccl+% bh cu b scn sn3+% dc.lcg dcscb*s 0ul c <ncu*c+ u*s g*h/c 4s scs cu dss snc3sc dsn ccl 0hs <nc<lcs lhbs*sn . Mh*c cbnsbh* + h 2h*0cculus 4s 2bh* c 2h/b*s.h + dc cl% scu0)snd 0c*cu 2h) clc% 2ssndc+ )c cclc h*+ bhsc <n ssnc lc *clsc2c. 4s 0hs 0ul % sh* )c cclc <ndbsclnscc lc hu*csc sub s lu dc 2h*0cc 4s sub scu.+ dc clcghn3+. M+ scu u* uncb*s dc b *c.c*/+ 0+*ch3+ <n chs) b0cncsc% dc b s2sscsunc *clsgsbhs+ <n chs) cu* cncsc% dc un 0b2 2c0cscsc <n chs) dsscc*n+ b*% sh* ccch cc h* )u ch 2s bs<nds d*c) ncglsDh*c h cbn/cnscn3cs sc dsss0ulch.+ d*c) 2slb s0sc h 2s*ss% dh* b dchunh cu 0bdc*h3sc% nchluncc<nd <n cCccs% c+cs h* 2s h)*bh)c dc ls0s clc ncsbcb sn3cs. H0 hd/c*sh*s 0h*s% )cn *u ch 4s /sc b*sslc s+"0s 2sc 0hs s *+lucs c: )un lh )+0<n 0ul c /scss% ch s+ 2su /*cdnsc+ dc 0ul c /s* u3s: nu0hs hsu)*h 0<*4+/scs *su02 cu b hnu0s + )h*hd+% c+cs nscsbdh + n"h0 )u u s"b )*hc sc% 4s dc cs ch cgb*sc b*scc
0scs0c% )b*ns + 2sc dc sn/sdsc% 2sc dc sc+lb4sc. M+ sbcb csc 2bh* c nbbsl+% 4s h4h s<n % hsdhlg+ )*sn n+sch*c 4s )*sn sns0+. H0 ch dc/s.+ c*c clcBB% 2slb s0ul )+s+*slb*% hcclh ch*c c*u3+ <n .b*s )+s+*usch cc s"h sluDs d*c) <nc+l.s bh*c bh + nbh) ch% dhc+ s<ngclc <nghc3h dc 2*sc+ s"h )u u dh cu0/h c+ldu*+% 4s% s +*usnd <n 0+*sns0sh sns3shl+% .bbh*+ <n )h* ch b)us+ cclcs <n ch*c 4s"h luh ch .bb*ul% ch s+ n"b 0hs <n <lnchsc+ 4s s+ nu"4s 0hs )un+ <nc+ b dh + lh <ncc*ch*c gcnc*b.s h ch. B*scc b0 0h*c h 2bs b dchunh 2bh* c 2slb s0% 4s b*scc 2slb s0% c*bu% )cn *u c+ cu 2sc )*csu)un% 2sc <0)+* +4csc cclb*lhl3s clcghn3h sns0ss shu h nh4 c*ss. B*scc <n.cs *h*c *bnch.+ cu )*ssbssn3+ <n b+*bh ul ccl 0h*c% 4s cu h < 0hs /<* bs% cu c< 0hs 0h*c% dcbh*ccc 0+*c3sh *clsc2ulus 4s 0+*c3sh snsulus% unsndu"sc h uncs% dublch.+ dcs+/<*4s*ch. Lc /bs )+*ch unb*h *clsc2 nbu% nu <ns+ cclb* cc dc 0ul 0+ hd0s*+ <n s2c*h cch 0hs 0h*c h s *+lucs*ss 0clc% cCcclcn sss0ul cbn c dc H*hndhBA% hcclh% .sc% ch*c h hdus h < ch 4s h < dc *c0h*chbslc sc*/scss Du0nc.culus s+u <n cul % *cgclus s+u <n dhnsc 4s )h *scs shlc <n .cl: hcclh c+*ush <s dh b*ch.+ 0hs 0ul + s)lcndbh*c chsh *cgchsc+ dc U**ch dcc< u u*b* sb*slb* s+s dsn *ccu lhblhl +: hcclh ch*c 4s"h c c*ns.h dcb)b *s/+ )sc h ch c*c4 sn+ 4s )*chnbbslh 0+*c3sc <n 0<n+s s*s% <n )hlh c 4s <n ss)*+/s% 4s bh c hccs ch cu 0h*c 2slb s0sc% dbb<ndsnd *cnu0clc nc0u*s b* dc clcghn % 2slb s0% 0+*sns0bs 4s c*bu 0hCs0 hl H*hgbnulus: <n u0b*h )h *bnhDulus c+*ush hDung s+"3s <n2+3s4c.% b% 0h*c *cgsn+ h dsscc*n+ b*ulus% hccs 0c0b*su hl 0c*s clb* 0clc% cu cc*c*ch dc h 0+ )*s0s <n cb* cgsul h)lhudhbsl hl c*bscclb*% nc0u*s bh*clb* 4s 2h/b*s clb* hlc <n.cs *+*s.
BB

J#lhs 0ul c *su02u*s s"h hdus lus Hc*culc <n3clc)csunch dcc< cu*hDul: 0hs h)lhudhbsl l"hu 2+cu s *+lucs clc l+n3ugu*sB8 hlc gu*ss shlc dcc< 2b*0sdhbslh"s 0+csuc+ dsn 0<n+? cu hcchs h *+)unch 0bn4 *s% cu hcclch <nc+ u4h )*scc)u3s% bs<ndsndu"s lh dulcc h2<*nh*c dc clbcsn3h lus: 4s% <n s2<*4s % 0hs 0ul3s s s"hu su)us cbhnulus dsscc*n+ b* dcc< cclus /s ch.. Sch)+*+% h4hdh*% <n unss b hnu0c <n/+3+ u*+ cu* cnchsc+% b c*uds3sc s2+ bhs+ 4s sh/u*bhs+% ch*c"s 2hc bsnc )*s0s3s )*c u sndcns% bh chsh* c+u h3s dc h cn h cu*sb.s h c. C hcchs h un 2cl dc 4 ssn3+ )c ch*c c+*3slc nu 3s"b )*cdhu 4s nscs nu b <n/c3s <n 4cbls: b dc)*sn.s <n ch *clc bunulus gus 4s <n huds b*sul h < dc ssngulh* hl dsscc*nc*ss. CCss + bh0cns )*c3us b*s hs b*sc+*cs /b*bc cbh) c 4s bbsc*/h b*s hs b*sc+*us 2h) 2slb s0% 4 su b*s h b cc sc )c *ccc )c lh cu*3s 4s <n ch0)hnss. Cs s<n b*hcblclc cu*sb.s +3ss 4s 0hc4 *s hs hccs cs 4 ssn3c h bunulus gus . Sc <0)+* +4c4 c dc lh unss lh hl3ss <n cbn/c*sh3sh c*uds +% sh* *hds3sh nc<ndbsbhs+% <nc*cdsn3ch.+ hccs c cunb4 sn3c ncs)us dc sh/u*bhsc )*scc)u3slb* /ss b*s% ch )c ns4 c c.hu*c hlc cu*sb.s +3ss 4s dsscc*nc*ss. <n bh c sccblclc s<n b+*bh3s cu s)s*s h/<n h % sh* <n ccl )*c.cn /b* 2s 2ssnd nu 0hs )u3sns /hDnscs dcc< ccs
du4s% nu0hs c+ hccsh hu h/hn hDul cclb* dsn <s /cns3s% 4s ccch cc 0bdc*nslb* lc hducc sn/sdsc% lb* hu b*s h c: )*c.cn3h c du40hnch 2hs0cs. B*sc+*us )*b"dsgsu% b dh + hcccssbsl% s"h sc+.u )*c3us*ch: lhudh 4s dss)*c3ul s<n b)usc <n s0) 4s s)h3su? hccch b dchunh dc dc)h* c% sh* hccs h b dchunh dsn h)*b)sc*c. P*s0h 4s cch 0hs )l+cu + )h* c dsn hcchs + c*uds3sc h)lhudhbsl+ c b cunbh4 c*c uns/c*shl+ h b cc sc )c *ccc )c lu0c% hDung<nd )<n+ lh cu*3slc cclc 0hs ncbbs4nus c% )<n+ lh c0)b*sslc nb*bculus? b 4 ssn3+ )*hc sc+ h b cc c cu*cn % h < h h2cc clb*% c< 4s h chu.clb*%
B5 B8
c+cs c b cunbh4 c*c cbn4 scn +% bbsc*/<nd h2cc3sunslc cclc 0hs <nsc0nh c hlc su/c*hnslb*% c/cns0cn clc *h*c% )*bdsgsslc nh u*ss 4s 0bns *ub.s +3slc sb*3ss. Sc bucu*+ dc *bhdclc )*chhlcsc hlc s udsulus% *c3sn<nd sngcnsb.s h ch dsn c+*3s% csud+3cnsh dsn 4 s*s% Dudscsb.s h ch dsn dsscu*su*s 4s <n3c)+ u*h dsn sh s*c. Sh sch0h cu bucu*sc lh s.b<n.slc uncs 0bnh*hss% cu nc2c*scs*c lh g*c4clslc cclcslhl c. Nu b0s c nscs bubus u*slc 0h*3shlc hlc 2lb clb* )c 0h*c% hlc h*0h clb* )c usch % nclsns4 c h lu0ss% <ndclc nscs*c 0hDb*+ h 2hs0cs% c<nd h0+gs +% c<nd h0+gs bh*c. Rclsc2ul cs ccl 0hs 0h*c cs c b <n3clcgc*c Dudscsbhs+ h snds/s.slb*% b cunbh4 c*c )+ *un.+ bh*c h )*sncs)hlclb* )c*sbnhDc dsn hcchs + *hgscb0cdsc hc uhl+ h <n *cgulus uns/c*s? <s d+ 2scc+*us su/c*hn dc2sns3sh 4s 2scc+*us c*bu h)lhu.clc cu/cns c. Cunbh4 c <n 2sccc *cgh 4s )*b/sncsc )c b+*bh3ss c0sncn3s ch <n3clc)3s% /s cDs% )*udcn3s% 2slb s0s% )*scc)u3s 4s% 0hs cu sch0+% s2sn3s: h4 *s% b3s% dc )*s0+ 0+*s0c 4s 0+*ch3+ s *+lucs*c hs s h clb*. Hcb*d+ 2scc+*ush lbcul )b *s/s % s hbslsnd ch*h clc c0sncn3clb* 4s )*c3usndu"lc /hlbh*ch. Su)unc dc hsc0cnch uncs c*s scs Dudscsbhsc cb0)b* h*ch )h*hdbChl+ h cu +*us su/c*hn% cC *h/hghn3h ccluslhl scnsb*% h2cc h*ch hccs ush% /ulgh*s h ch hcclush 4s% )*sn hcchs + hnh b0sc 0b*hl+% <4s )bh c 2hcc b sdcc dcs)*c luc*u*s 4s <nd*c) h c*cds ul hdc/+*ulus. Hcchs + cunbh4 c*c su)c*sb* cul + sluDc4 c lh 0hs bunh h)*ccsc*c h /b*bclb* 4s 2h) clb*% s *+dusndu"sc 0c*cu s+ scbh + <n/+3+ u*h: dhc+ nu hd0s*h3sc% 0+ch* cunb4 sn3c. H*c% 0hs )*csus dc bh c% b cblcc3sc )c c< dc cbh) +% )c"h < dc sn c*cshn + h u u*b* s)usclb* bunc 4s 2h) clb* 2slb s0c% h < c*bscc% c< 4s nbs s0c? scn sn3clc )*udcn3slb*% *+u +3slc c*s scslb*% glu0clc hulscslb*% sh*ch lus HlcnFuc*B'% )schn c*sslc lus TblcdbA9%
B'
shrch lus HlcnAucr6 C /b*bh dc dbn Dscgb dc Ssl/h ! Mcndb.h% ducc dc K*hn"ch/slh% cbn c dc Shlsnhs% 0h*chs. dc HlcnFuc* ;&BA(= &A69E% /scc*cgc hl Pb* ughlscs dsn &A&A. H 2bs un )bc )*c3us dc cbn c0)b*hns )cn *u hscu3s0ch s)s*s ulus 4s >sh*ch" *c)lscslb* shlc. Dh c 0hs h0)lc 4s bsblsbg*h2sc <n HH"BG.BC% ). '6h% nb h &. A9 pschntcrsslc lus T!lcd!6 Sc *c2c*+ ccl 0hs )*bbhbsl lh dbn Pcd*b dc Tblcdb% 0h*chs. dc #sllh2*hnch ;0. <n &A75E% h0bhshdb* hl *cgclus Ksls) hl SSS"lch lh Ph*ss% h)bs gu/c*nh b* hl *cgsunss Mslhnb ;&A&B=&A&8E% *c)u h ch b0 dc s)s*s . B cc*cc h*c *clh s/ *cccn +% MhCs0c Chc/hlsc*% >G*hcs1n ! lh *hdscsbn b*hl"% Hssphnsc Rc sc@, (( ;&'5AE% )). 666=6BA% *cs)sngc sdcn s2sch*ch cu dbn Pcd*b dc Tblcdb ! Lcs/h% 0h*chs. dc Mhncc**h% /scc*cgc hl Pc*u"ulus% )*b)us+ dc M. Rb0c*h"Nh/h**b ?Cl Crstschu, SS% ). B9E 4s )*cluh + dc cb0cn h b*ss ul c*sb*s.
&A9
A&
n!sts"hdclc Sus <hphth6 Pc*sbnhD sncc* % )cn *u ch*c cb0cn h b*ss hu )*b)us ds2c*s c sdcn s2sc+*s nccbn/sng+ bh*c ;dc cC. Luss Zh)h h% hu b* hl uncs Msscclnch, *+0hs+ <ns+ sncds + )<n+ <n &8B'% 4s hl unus )bc0 c)sc Chrl!s kh"!s!). Sblu3sh cch 0hs )lhu.sbsl+ b g+sc4 c b MhCs0c Chc/hlsc*% hrt.cst., )). 66("66B? )b*nsnd dc lh b culcgc*c dc )b/cs s*s 4s snbh/c dsn *hds3sh b*hl+% Cucnt!s, dc Juhn dc H*gusDb% hu b*ul h*h + c+ c /b*bh dc un hnu0c Ghb*scl Zh)h h% ch/hlc* dcs)*c ch*c nu 4 s0 ns0sc hl cc/h dcc< c+ h/ch *c)u h3sh dc 0h*c glu0c3 4s *+sh <n Sc/sllh )*sn hnss &A&'"&A7(. #b*bc dc duh hlc hccs us )c*sbnhD s<n cs h c <n 0h*c nu0+* <n culcgc*ch lus Juhn dc H*gusDb% undc )b 2s <n <lns3s 4s cbn clc dc Shlsnhs ;/c.s nb h B'E 4s dbn Pcd*b dc Tblcdb.
A7
Bhrt!lss 4s Bhl0ss6 Sc *c2c*+ lh dbs /cs s3s Du*s4 s s hlscns% Bh* blb ds Shssb2c*"*h b ;&6&("&6B5E 4s Psc *b Bhldb ds Ubhlds ;&675"&(9AE% dsscs)blul cclus dsn <s. A6 ccl!r 4hptc hs khs"cs6 Ccs 4h) c <n3clc)3s hs G*ccscs hn scc. Du)+ Dsbgcncs Lhc* sbs% !p. cst., S% L@% &6% ccs 4h) c c*hu? Thhlcs% Sblbn% Pc*shnd*u% Clcbbul% Chslbn% Bshs% Ps hcbs ;cd. cs .% ). &&8E.
Dc /h 2s s+ <n <nc4 s )c /*cunul dsn *c hccs c gcnss /hDnscc% c+ )*sn *c 0ss 4s 0ss b /h 2s 2ssnd /*cunul% chsh* dc"h* 2s s+"& chu3s cu 2+clsh <n )lsn+ .sA(% )*b2s + dc )*slcD% bucu*+" c dc dcs2+ +*slc bsnc cbh) c hlc c*uds3scs? c+cs dhc+ cc*c0 cu 2bh0c c+*3slc sngcnsbhsc 4s dsscc*n+ bh*c% cu dclcc h*c s+ sh/u*+0 <nsc4s b*hcblclc dsscc*nc*ss% cC)*css/s +3ss 4s )*scc)c*ss. Nc <0)sngc b dchunh s+ c+u +0 )c hl ul cbncu)ssccn3h )*b)*sc% 2sc sn c*csh +% 2sc <nchs)us +% hscs <ns+ )l+cu + )*sn ch*hc c*ul hg*chbsl hl <n/+3+ u*ss% )*sn 0bdul h)c sshn hl bbsc*/h3scs. Nu 2s u dsn *c hccsh ch*c" 4s )s.0usc4 c )*b)*sh )b2 + dc h 4 s% dbh* ch s+"s dssc*cds c.c h)lhu.clc ccluslhl ch*c"& <n/h3+. Unss sc <n b*c dsn c0)b*sslc lu0ss <n chs) lh 2cl dc bh*bh* cu0 hu )lcch ? csnc n"h luh cu ssnc ch)hcs h ch nu b )bh c hducc )lsn+ dc cunb4 sn3c: hu dus cu cs )u3sn+ cu)*sndc*c 4s% ch h h*c% hu 2+cu )u3sn u. dc bbsc*/h3ss: dsscc*n+ b*ul <ns+% hsc0cnch 0ul3u0s cs hlbsnc% /snc <nchsn<nd ncc h*ul 4 su b*% )c ch*c &"h hlcs dsn b cc c 0hs <n2lb*s % hdsc+ dsn 2lbh*ch h b cc c. Nu c h0b*b.sh )cn *u gus ul )*bs ulus 4s nscs cunb4 sn3clc hccs ch /*cdnscc dc )*c3us*c nu sc g+scsc lh bh0cns /ulgh*s? c+cs lh cs nscs gus ul% nscs cunbh4 c*ch nu scs nscsc<nd dsn cb lbnul lb*% nu 2hc un )hs dsncblb dc cc lc /snc lh nhs. Hl3ss <4s )lhsch.+ 2c*scs*ch <n )<n ccc% nu shu dsn /sh3+ dcc< 0<nch*ch% hdsc+ luc*ul ccl 0hs Dbsnsc% nu *ccu*g lh 2hcul +3slc su)c*sbh*c 4s nscs nu lc 2blbscsc? *<ndh/+ *+sc4 c cugc h*ch% snu sl+ 0bh*c sn clsgcn3h. H4h sc 2hcc c+ 0ul3s nbbsls nu hu hl 2blbs 2h3+ dc ccslhl3s dcc< <n bbscc clc ss03u*slb*% ch*c s<n )h* ch cch 0hs nc<nsc0nh + h /sc3ss% *+0<n<nd lh 2cl dc s+*hcs <n sn clsgcn3+% )c c< dc bbgh3s <n bunu*s s+*hcc. #sh3+ dc b0 nu *+sc4 c dcc< hcclh ch*c 4 sc. Ju0+ h c dsn /sh3+ b )c *ccs cbn/c*s<nd. C*uds3sh 4 su bh*c c un bs)+3 dcs2+ + b* hl )*scc)u3slb*. s sc dcs sn+ hccs *clsc2hs cclcs 0hs 0h*s dsscc*nc*s gus ulus cclus 0hs bun hl cCcclcn sss0ulus 0h*chs. dc Cblh*cs% dbn Jc*bns0b dc H hsdcAB% 2ssndc+ s"h 0bdclh du)+ 4 su bh*ch"s c*uds3sc. <0)lsns*ch /cnc*h3scs 0clc 2s"/h <n *"b bun+ .s dbc h s *+lucs*c h <ndclc nscs*ss shlc% nc0u*s*ch b)c*clb* lus.
A(
&A7
DSSCCRNTBRUL

<nc< ncccss h ch s+ /sblcn c.c 2b*3clc% dh* nu h2cc clc% 4s chsh* h uncs schs0bh*ch c )*cccdh + dc bh c <0)*cDu*+*slc ch Dus s2sch*c% ch 0h* b*c c+ nu c ncs h b*nscsc% cs u*gcn3+. Hccs c 2luc uh3ss nu sc <n <lncsc nu0hs lh )c*sbhnc% cs 4s lh /s* u3s% ch s+ 2sc <n b ul hsc0cnch. Rc0h*chbsl+
sncbnscc/cn3+ cch h lus Dc0c *sbsAA% bsnc /c4 cDs + dc 0ul3s. C*h <n 2scch*c .s hl ul% sh* <n *+.bbs cu b ul ds2c*s dcc< )c s0) dc )hcc% )cn *u c+ <n hcclh c*h ccn *u hl u u*b* /s* u3slb*% sh* <n hcchs h hl u u*b* /scsslb*% h4h <nc< <n *+.bbs 2+cch )hcc cu /s* u3slc% 4s <n /*c0c dc )hcc lc dcclh*h dsn nbu *+.bbs? <n *"h < h <l )b schs0bh )c un b0 ls)sh dc bcu)h3sc shu 0unch. Dh* cc sncbnscc/cn3+ 0hs 0bns *ubhs+ dcc< hccch h lus Nc*bO Nu s"h <n/sns )c ssnc <nsu4s% cs h ch)s ulh . Unss buns <n ssnc sc <n *cc s+ 2sc 0hs buns% ccch cc c b 0h*c bs*usn3+ h )c*2cc3sunss: hl3ss <ns+ nu s<n <n/sng+ b*s dc ssnc% cs <n/sn4s% )*cd<ndu"sc s *sc+csunss. Dhc+ sncbnscc/cn3h h* 2s dsns)*c *+u s)*c bsnc% h* 2s bun+% sh* dsns)*c bsnc s)*c 0hs bsnc% 4s 0hs bun+% dh* <ndcbb4 c 0c*gc s)*c s *sch*c% c+cs *+ul <l /cdc0 b dchunh dsn 2h3+% sh* bsnclc dsn s)h c? *clclc /sn 4s cclc bunc sc duc. Ms sc /h s)unc c+ bh + lu0ch hcchs h nu c dcc< sncbnscc/cn3c 4s c+ 0b*hlul sc sh du)+ nh u*hl. <nsu4s )+0<n ul. ch*c sc su0c"3c4 c <n 0un3s% sc u0slc4 c h)bs <n /+s% c+u <ndu"4s cch 0hs 0h*c 2*u0usc3c <n cch 0hs 0h*c /h*sc h c h sh. C bh*c cc/h 0hs sncbnscc/cn dcc< s0)ul% ch*c sc <ncununch.+ c<nd cu 2lb*s% c<nd cu chscsu*+O s b uns/c*sul cs c b /h*sc h c uns/c*shl+% ch*c <n cclc dsn u*0+ dc/snc h*0bnsc. s h uncs% dhc+ b0ul <nsu4s c b b lu0c )*cscu* h +% cc"s dc 0s*h*c c+ <ncs2*ch.+<n ssnc /h*sc h chO Nu /h 2s u*<3cnsc% cs b )c*2cc + )*b)b*3sc cb0)us+ dsn sncbnscc/cn3c. Nu cCss + <ns+ dcs+/<*4s*c <n /h*sh3sslc su2lc ulus% ch*c nu sc )b *s/csc cu cc*ul. Mhs sus dc lun+% nu s<n schs0b+*s. <n 0h c*sc dc cu0sn3cnsc% b*scc 2luc uh3sc <nsch0n+ u*<3cnsc. H c*c4 c <n *u bsnc c s *+lucs*c% dh* h c*c4 c 4s h dcsc*c4 c c ncbunsc% sh* b*scc /ulgh*s h c% sncbnscc/cn3+. .S<n bh0cns h < dc sncbnscc/cn3s <n cb0)b* +*s% h < dc ds2c*s3s dc cs <n4s4s du)+ )*slcDu*s% <nc< <4s dc.0sn )*b)*sul c*cds 4s nc dcscu0)+ncsc Dudcch h: <n unclc ss uh3ss% g<ndcsc c+ .bbh*+: hl cb*s nu ss0 4s nu sc clsn csc. Hs +.s b ul lc scsc bsnc% 0<snc
AA
b ul *+u% c+cs )<n+ 4s sn clcc ul 4s nb*bcul lc s<n sncbnscc/cn c. Undc nu <nch)c scu.+ c <ns+ <n ch.ul /bsn3cs% c+cs c c*s0+ h lsbc*ulus h*bs *u% sh* hbh c*ch cs nu c dc)h* c dc bh c*ch c<0)slb*. Cc nu lc scsc h.s dsn ch) chlc+ 0<snc <n )scsbh*c% <n *uc< n"hu nscs ch)% nscs )scsbh*c. P*sn hs h <4s 2hc h < dc su)+*+ bh*c b/+*+4sh% <nc< 2ug b3s dc cs% l+s<ndu"s nhsbss% ch s+"s <n3clchg+. M+*ss dc h0+*+csunc <s )*ssbsc4 c b cc"s ls)sc4 c ch s h b*nscsc% hs 2cl <nc< ccs cc s sc"nc*cdsn3ch.+ 2+*+ s ch <4s g+scsc )scs*ch. Khs0h 4s"h 0u h ncg*c4s lh Ghnd2h n!n plus ultrh3- s+u dc c*bscs h c% dc c*cdsn3+ c*c4 sn+% dc dsscc*nc*c% cul u*+% bun+/bsn3+% h)lhudhbsls h c 4s 0+*c3sc <n hccs dbs c*bs cbnsb*3s% cCcclcn sss0ul scnsb* ducc dbn K*hncsscb dc Bb*DhA5 4s cCcclcn sss0h duccs+ dbnh H* c0ssh dc B*sh 4s Cblbnh% 0h*ch 0ch s +)<n+: )h* scs)<nd slus *u h01ndbs lh cclc dbu+ glb*ss s *+lucs c hlc lb*? c c*nul blh.bn hl s h b*nscscs lb*% <n b cc cs c *clsc2% <n b cc c h)lhudhbsl% <n b cc c nb*bcbs 4s <n b cc c dcs+/<*4s % 0c*cu hccsh4s 4s 0c*cu c*bscs.
A5
sc*sb.s h c% ch 4s )cn *u b0cncsc% b*+ )cn *u snc 4s b*+ )cn *u ccslhl3s. B*scc hc3sunc <4s cc*c 0b0cn ul b)b* un: nu *cbusc nscs h0cs cch c% nscs s.blh c: sc cu/snc s0)ul )b *s/s u u*b* *cbu*slb*% uncb*s <l )*sn.s% 4s uncb*s *ccc. B+*bh ul u u*b* cls)clb* c s +)<n )c bh c gus u*slc 4s cs c c+u h dc b3s dsscc*n+ b*ss. Nh u*h &"h 2+cu )c b0 un cb0)cndsu h b cc cs c nh u*hl? 2hc+ hsdb0h h* h dsn b cc 3snc dc 0b*hl. Nc2c*scs + 2s*c ccl cc sc dcclh*+ b0 hl uncs ssngu*c <ndclc nscs*s% 2sc ch 4s unsc+% bh chsh* cch 0hs subls0+: c+cs dhc+ h* 2s /ulgh*+% /scsu bbs4nus hl u u*b* sluDbclb*O Sbldh ul nu 4 sc s+ s ch dc /b*b+ dcc< dcs)*c ch0)hnsslc lus% 4s ncgus b*ul dcs)*c c<4 sgu*s: b3s <4s 2c*csc hu.ul dc uns bn% h cn3sh dc bb*h.nsc: 4s% dhc+ ccdch.+ uncb*s% b 2hc <n *"b cbnDu*h3sc h .c2lc0clcs.
Tb dchunh /h*sc h ch h 2bs <nc<n + b* dc )l+cu +% sh* hscs 0+guls bh*c. S<n unss% 4s chsh* 0hs 0ul3s% )c ch*c nu *cbusc s+"s chu3s dcc< )cn *u un ssngu* luc*u% 2ssndc+ dc dbu+ nu s<n buns: s<n hl3ss c+*b*h b dchunh *cbusc s+ lc h sngs un )unc 4s s+ lc /b*bc4 s dcs)*c un ssngu* subscc ? nu 4 su s+ shs+ dsn clc. bh0cns hs uncs ssngu*c 0hnss% Ssss2s hs cbn/c*sh3scs% ch*c lh)sdch.+ cu b sdcc 2sC+. T*c0u*+ dc 2*sch lb*% cu d*c) cu/<n % b*scc dsscc*n+ b*% c+cs dhc+ un )*bs dsn hg0h lb* sc n+)us c4 c hsu)*h *+bd+*ss lus. hDungc s+"s dch 4s Dudcch h )*sn )sclc 4s% dc ch0h uncs <0)*cDu*+*s h < dc )cnsbslc% *</nc4 c 0hs dcg*hb+ ssngu*+ h ch s ch*)+ 4s *+sc4 c l+un *sc ch <n /chcul dc hu*. S0sn chl+ dc cs hbsl+ h unb*h% csc+lchl+ su)+*+ bh*c% dc ch*c <s c g*bh.+ b*sc+*us bun gus % *ug<ndu"nc ch Du0nc.cu s+ nc sch)c dc b0ul unus ssngu* ncgb3% 4s ch s+ nc <n *c3snc0 cu cl% 4s ch s+"s cc*c0 cc/h. Nc dcs)+gubcsc dc cs unss )*sc cns uns/c*shls% ch 2s*c 4s sngcnsb.s h c% bh0cns )cn *u bh c b*clc% b dchunh bsnc/cns3s 4s ns0c*s3s. Unul 2hcc c< 0ul3s% )c c<nd dsn *c ccslhl3s% b 0sc nu 2hc nscs c< unul ssngu* 4s c nc/bsc s+"s <n0ul3c4 s% b*h b*s h0scul% cu su)+*+ bh*c sc*/s u c. Hcchs + uns/c*shls h c dc ss03s*c 4s sn clsgcn3+ nh4 c dsn *"un s)s*s cu)*sn.+ b*% cu n+.usn3c s)*c sn2sns : un 0h*c gus )cn *u b % c+cs nu"s h* + /ulgh*+ 4 ssn3h dc h c bucu*h dc luc*u*s% 4s b bun+ dbb<nds*c h b cc c bun. Gus )*hc sc c ccl )cn *u g*+dsns% 0hs bun ccl )cn *u cds2scss: nbbsl ccl )cn *u )sc u*s% ssngulh* ccl )cn *u )sc *c )*c3sbhsc% cc*cc h*ch hn schs +3ss% c*uds3sc 4s h)lhu"dhbslh ss b*sc: su)c*sb* u u*b*h% 2slb.b2sh cu0sn3slb*. Dh* bh c hccs ch s<n c0sncn3c )h*3shlc% c+cs b uns/c*shls h c )c*2cc + *cbusc s+ 4s lc hdh) c.c )c bh c.
&AA
Dsscc*n+ b*ul nu *cbusc s+ sc *c.u0c lh b ssngu*+ bcu)h3sc% nscs s+"4s 2sCc.c gus ul hsu)*h unus ssngu* bbscc % c+cs <nsch0n+ s+ 4s"& ls0s c.c <n chs) nc2c*scs : cc*ul &"h 2+cu nc0+*gsns % &"h c*cscu 2+*+ hb h*c: s+ nu sc *cs *<ng+ ssngu*% nscs s+ nu sc ls0s c.c. Mh*s bh0cns ccs sndc2snsbsls% <n /s* u ch 0h*ss lb* )lu*hls +3s dc )c*2cc3suns. S<n hl3ss h < dc ls0s h3s% c+ <ndh + lc h2ls gus ul% 2sc ch s+"& )*c<n <0)sns% 2sc ch s+"& 0+gulc4 s% <n *uc< nscs nu sc l+*gc4 c% nscs nu sc *+s)<ndc4 c. H uncs c<nd cc*ul h /*u s+ d+*ushsc+ un 2cl dc 0<nch*c% h g+ s 0hnh% cs2*u hl u u*b* dclscsslb*% <0buc+ u*+ )cn *u bh c )lhcu"*slc% <n h c+*cs uns/c*shls h c h )b *s/s "b )c cch h bunulus gus . H /b*bs 0c*cu g*h/ )*scsnusc4 c su)+*h*c: h glu0s b s0)ul% dss)*c3: h 2slb.b2h <n *ss ch.+% sh* h sh s*s.h 0c*cu sndss)unc. Mh*clc C+)s hn h 2bs 0h*c )*b b s) hl dsscc*n+ b*slb*: lh )hlh sc )u* h dc )h*c+ nscsbdh + n"h* 2s 2bs <n ch0)hnss% sh* <n ch0)hnss% ch 4s cu0 nscsbdh + n"h* 2s *+s lh cu* c. Nu lh 2cl ccl+lhl % nu 0h*c sbldh % cs 0h*c )*bs % 4s ch*c% sn/s h 2ssnd dc b nbbsl+ dbh0n+ s+ dhnsc.c% lh s0)ul )b *s/s % hdsc+ lh b sc*h +% 4s"h scu.h sgnb*hn3h 4s 4s"h dh )c 2h3+ ncghsbbsh% .sc<nd c+ cl nu sc )*scc)c s+"4s 0s4 c )scsbh*clc <n )hlh % cs dbh* s+ dch dsn 0<sns )c c<0)ul dc lu) + 5&. H uncs ch s+*s% du)+ cu0 <s c*h 2clul? >P+s db0nulc% )h*c"0s"sc c+ h* 2s bsnc ch <n /*c0c dc )hcc% /<*< <n *"un shc% s+ c h <*ns ch b h*0u*+% <n h4 c) h*ch )*slcDulus"% bh chsh* <s )*b)usc cu* cns bh*c 4s hl lbc 0hs b*dsnh* 4s 0hs 0c*s h . Cunb4 sn3clc nu sc s <nDcncsc unclc )c hl clc% nscs gus u*slc nu sc cbn *h.sc: <nch) bh c <n *"un ccn *u 4s )cn *u bh c c /*c0c cu )*slcD. Unss nu hu hl + b*+ dcc< )c"h lb*% 4s b dchunh <4s bchcsc 2blbsul )*b)*su. Cu0sn clc *cbusc s+ hsb+ b b*+ )cn *u ssnc 4s 0ul c )cn *u )*sc cnss hlc4s. Pcn *u bh c *cbusc s+ hsb+ s0)% 2+*+ nu0hs )cn *u nccu/ssn3+: 4s nu /h 2s su2scscn + scu.h sn/bch + dc csnc/h <n *"b ss uh3sc 2bh* c u4u*h sc+% 4s hnu0c c+ csnc c sbcb s cu0sn c .suh nu /h 2s sbcb s )*bs nbh) ch. H4h <nc< % )*chcul ulc hl 0cu #snccnsb% /sh3h 2scc+*ush nu c hl cc/h dcc< un s)cc hcbl *hgsc 4s cb0sc% sh* hnul <ncc)c cu H*scs 4s sc c*0sn+ <n Psscss% hDung<nd s+ sc cu0)+nchsc+ nb*bcs*slc cu ncnb*bcs*slc% cb0scul cu *hgscul. Unul ssngu* *cbusc s+ sn c*)*c c.c bh c *blu*slc% lh /*c0ch 4s )*slcDu*slc lb*% c<nd )c ccl cu *<sul% c<nd )c ccl cu )l<nsul% c<nd )c hl cu0sn clus 4s% uncb*s% )c hl )*bs ulus% cu ch*c sc 4s <nchcsc% cu u4u*h*c 4s h)lhu.c% *c)*c.cn h3sh. B% )*chdsscc*n+ b* P*b cu57 hccl 0h*c )hssbnh hl nbs *u% cCcclcn3s ss0ul dc Lc0bs56% <n hl c+*us gus bsnc <0)+*3s <4s hu lbcul bh c <ndclc nscs*slc lsbc*hlc 4s <n h c+*us c*bsc+ uns/c*shls h c <4s hu *<nd b3s c*uds3ss% cul3ss 4s dsscc*n+ b*ss: dbc ul 4s 2slb s0ul% )*clh ul 4s ch/hlc*ul% u0hnss ul% ss b*scul% 2slb.b2ul% )<n+ 4s )*ch" sub slul cblbg: c*bu cu hdc/+*h uns/c*shl )cn *u b*scc s0)% )cn *u b*scc gus 4s )cn *u b*scc sluDb+Q
57
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s)*sDsn 4s chsh* h)lhu.c lh <ncb*bnh3ss dcl2sns s *+sns. HUTBRUL? H < c dc )u c*nsc+ b h*0bnsc% 4s 0hs hlcs cu h < dc dulcs cbnsbnhn3c% cu0 hu 2bs cclc hlc 0sn3ss lus )*bdsgsbhsc. DBCTBRUL? S)unc*ch dc hdc/+*u*s h hDuns s+ 2sc <ncbndcsh + cu nu0clc dc )*bs sc. HUTBRUL? Bh chsh*% ch s+ nu )h*+ 2sc cb)sl% 2sc )*bs % ns0cns nu /*ch s+"& 0hs s)un+% <n *uc< nu 0hs c lh 0bd+: 0hs s<n )c lu0c dbh* c< c/h *cs u*s dsn cl% 4s <nc+ 4s hccs ch s<n dc./+lus c ch un 0ss c*% cu cc*c0bnsc 4s )*cchu3sc. DBCTBRUL? Su/c*hnslb* ls sc h*h + b dchunh 2slh . HUTBRUL? Cs s+ cugc c <ns+? lc c"n Dbc )*+bu4s*ch shu <n+l3h*ch. DBCTBRUL? Hdc/+*+ h ch c b 2ccsbh*+ )c c< dc 2*u0bhs+% )c"h < dc *u4snbhs+% d*c) ch*c u0bl+ 0c*cu hcb)c*s +. HUTBRUL? Su/c*hnss s+ b dcscb)c*c cu 2slb s0sc% c+cs cs *cbusc s+ 2sc <n 0h*c 0+su*+ ghscs b*s dc hdc/+*u*s 4s clh*/+.+ b*s dc dc.h0+gs*s. Cu c< 0hs 0ul ls sc s)un )*sn *c dsn3s% <nsch0n+ c+ lc s<n dh c gh h 0cs cch c% ch s+ sc 0ss usc 0hs bsnc 4s s+ 2sc 0hs dc 2blbs. s dc.h0+gs*ch cs c )bls scshn+% u0bl+ dc bbsccs c<nd sc <ng<n+ .suh cu nbh) ch% 2sc ch s+ sc *c *hg+ <n bc.nclc lsngu4s*ss% dhc+ d+ dc )*bs sc% 2sc ch s+ )+4chsc+ <n lu0snh hdc/+*ulus% dhc+ d+ dc cu0sn3cnsc. DBCTBRUL? Mc*s + s+ /c.s% <h *"b <n *ccc*c dc )*scc)u3s% .+bh/h unus cs*cu0s)cc 4s h cn3sh unus )*c/+.+ b*Q Hcclh bchc4 c% hccs h g<ndc4 c% 4s 0hs hlcs <n dc.h0+gs*s. HUTBRUL? Dh% c+cs <n3clcgc*ch *cbusc hdh) h + ss uh3sslb*? <n cclc 2h/b*hbslc% s *<ng<nd 0c*cu h+3u*slc c*c.+*ss: <n cclc bdsbhsc% d<ndu"s 2*<u lsbc* 4s chsh* )sn cns. C< <nhsn ch.+ lsngu4s*ch% lh ccl cc /b*bc4 c% h < h s+ b dch <nd+*+ shghcs h ch% lh ccl cc hscul +% c+cs b dchunh *chls h ch h 2bs 0hs )u3sn dc Du0+ h c dsn <nchs)us*c.
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H"ks!nulus n!stru hrh#!nc06 Hlu.sc lh Hn bnsb Pg*c. ;c. &B6'"&A&&E% 2su nh u*hl hl lus Gbn.hlb Pc*c.% )*s0ul *hduc+ b* hl Bdsscss*n ls0bh s)hnsbl+% b0 dc s h % 0snss *u hl lus Ksls) hl SS"lch. C+.<nd <n ds.g*h3sh *cgclus% c cbndh0nh lh 0bh* c% dh* b *c/bl + )b)ulh*+ <l hDu + s+ 2ug+ 4s s+ sc *c2ugsc.c <n K*hn3h. <n &B'8% lh Ph*ss% )ublsc+ b ch* c Dus s2sch s/+% Rclhcs!ncs, 4s b hcblb% 4s <n hcclh4s hn% )ublsc+ 4s un 2bh* c s0)b* hn c)ss blh* ;Ch* hsE. G*hcs+n <l cb0)h*+ cu Hn<2sbn% dcbh*ccc% h4h cu0 hcclh *sdschsc Tcbh cu 2h*0ccul c<n cculus s+u% lh 2cl 4s Hn bnsb Pc*c. c<4 sghsc bun+/bsn3h su/c*hnslb* Cu*b)cs cu sc*ssb*slc shlc. BUNUL PRSCCPTBR
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DBCTBRUL? <n ss uh3ss bdsbhsc% cu unul h4 cugc h ds0)b *s/+% dc /*c0c cc% <n *"b u4bh*+ h0cnsn3h*c% <n *"b nc<nsc0nh + <nc*un h*c% s sc h*h + )*scc)u ulus c<0) <n sns dc )+4s . HUTBRUL? s dc ss)+4s % )bh c: 4s )*scch)+ c+"s 0ul 0hs 0ul ccch cc s sc *ccc sub +cc*c 2h3+ dc )u3snul cc s sc s)unc. <n )unc clc 2*hgslc% cu0sn clc u0bl+ cu 0ul hc 4s% cu c< ss uh3sh c 0hs su)c*2scshl+% cl 2hcc )h4s dc )lu0b c<nd 3sn c4 c% cu ls0b+ dc 2ulg c<nd sc s *ccbh*+. DBCTBRUL? Kbh* c g*cu c s+ c dhs d*c) )*scc)u <n )unc c su)usc c*s scss 4s dc.h0+gs*ss% dcbh*ccc g*cu c*c.s cc nu db*c4 s. Nu c nc/bsc dc 0ul + clbc/cn3+ ch s+ 2s0 cbn/sn4s dc ccch cc nc chdc bsnc% 4s nscs bh + cch h lus Dc0bs cnc nu"s dc hDuns )cn *u ccch cc nc chdc *+u. HUTBRUL? H hDuns s+ <nsc0nc )u3sn )*scc)c*ch% c nc/bsc uncb*s s+ ghscc4 s% c+cs s<n bh0cns ch*c"4s )ccc luscsc sns0h 4s lc )u *c.csc hsnclc"n )sc) . DBCTBRUL? S+ 2hcs h uncs ch 0cdscul dsbhcs% ch*c sh )ulsul chsh* dsn *+su2lh*c: lh 2cl 2slb.b2ul h cn % du)+ hc*ul dsn gu*+% *cbusc s+"& )+ *und+ )c ccl l+un *sc. HUTBRUL? H 4 s nu s *sc+ nscsbdh +. DBCTBRUL? Uncb*s <ns+ dbh*c 4s% h4h cu0 )*c<n <0)sn+ cu0sn3cnsh cclc cc s"h* s)unc% ss c3s0ch ch + s+ bbsc*/c cc s"h s)us. S2snCul )c*2sd )*hd+ d*u0ul /sc3ss% sh* csnc nu"s )*scc)u c )sc*du . Cnsg0+ c% 4s 2bh* c ds2scsl+% cunbh4 c*ch dc ssnc h b0ulus: dbh* un Cds) b dc.lchg+% 4s chsh* cl% cu 4bh) c hDu + bh*c. HUTBRUL? NU c ns0sc 0hs u4b* dcc< cunbh4 c*ch hl ush. DBCTBRUL? s ns0sc 0hs g*cu dcc< cch dc ssnc. HUTBRUL? NU c nhs/ ch*c s+ nu 2sc *+u +csbs. DBCTBRUL? s ch*c% nhs/ 2ssnd 2h3+ dc g*c4clslc )*b)*s% s+ nu 2sc 4s*c 2h3+ dc cclc hlc hl b*h. HUTBRUL? Bbsc*/+ 2s*s4bh*clc dc )*h2 dsn bchss /ccsnulus. DBCTBRUL? s"n hs lus nu /cdc b<*nclc. HUTBRUL? P*s0ul )hs s)*c h 4 s c s+ c 4 ss. DBCTBRUL? s nu )bh c 2s )*scc)u csnc nu"s )*scc)+ b*. Dh* h2b*ss0ul cu0 c+ s+ c cunb4 s )c snc <nsu3s
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&59
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/c*bclc 0c*g hcu0 )c dbs5Bh. Unss <4s bh ch)ul cu cc nu"s )*s/c4 c dclbc% 4s dclbc cu cc lc"h* 2s dc 0ul 2blbs. HUTBRUL? Cu0% c bh*c /*cb bcu)h3sc 0hs *ch dcc< ls)sh dc bcu)h3scO DBCTBRUL? Dh% cu*sb.s h ch snu sl+. HUTBRUL? B% g*sDs hlc bh0cnslb*% 4s <n luc*u*s c< + ls)s+ dc 0sc.Q5A DBCTBRUL? T*cbusc s+ dss sngc0 dc hsc0cnch <n *c <ncc snchlh unus cs*cu0s)cc 4s nch cn3sh unus u4u*h sc: unss cChgc*ch.+% hl3ss 0sns0hls.ch.+: dsscch*n+% h4hdh*% h cn ul )*scc)+ b*? c+cs )c"h <3sh s"hu )sc*du c*cduls +3slc 4s snc*cduls +3slc dcb)b *s/+. HUTBRUL? Dc"hccch s"hu s)us cu <n3clc)csunc bh*bh*ss scs3s 1n+*ulus Pclcu55 c+ bh0cnss s<n *<u*s: )c c< hlch*g+% cs% sc b)*csc clc% 4s dc bbsccs hu 0hs 0h*c hd<ncs0c cclc cc s<n 0hs )b bls c 4s )bh* + 0hs 0ul + h)+ cclc cc 2hc 0hs )u3sn .gb0b . DBCTBRUL? S<n 4s ss uh3ss <n ch*c b+nushlh h*c )u c*c dc db/hd+? c+cs dcs)*c sb3sh lus Cc.h* = h s)us"b cl <nsu4s = nscs 0+ch* ./bnul58: sh* c<nd <n ccl sn c*csh sc sn2sl *ch.+ <ndbshlh% <n ccslhl3s *ccc d*c) % 4s chsh* cs c% c/sdcn3+. HUTBRUL? Cu/sn clc hu 0hs 0ul + shu 0hs )u3sn+ hd<ncs0c% du)+ subscc c. DBCTBRUL? S"hu <ncch 0ul3s )cn *u c+ nu lc"hu 0+su*h : )*scc)u ul )*scc)+ b* s+ lc sbndc.c 4s s+ sh sch0h c+ 2hlh <nb ulus c 4 ssn3h dc h"3s 2c*s hhsnh. HUTBRUL? s 0hs hlcs dhc+ c dc )u*)u*+. s cu hs h% s+ 0c*gc0% unul lh ss b*sh lus% hdsc+ lh <hrh#!0h hntscs%2, )c c< dc db*s + dc cu*sb.s h c% )c"h < dc slus *h + dc c*uds3sc% sh* cu lh 2slb.b2sh 0ch dcs)*c Br!htul h cn 89.
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nch.+% )<n+ cc dc/sn clc/c s b*s dc"h d*c) ul. Ch s+ s)un+ b /b*b+ cu hh.% <3s /b* *<n s b 0bDscsc: hcc4 sh s<n ccs )c ch*c"s dss)*c3ush Cscc*b 4s ch*c% ch s+ s)un+ b glu0+% )sc*d un )*sc cn shu 4s"& <ndc)+* ch.+: c<4 sg+ *cnu0c dc 0uchls3s 4s"4s )sc*d c*cds ul dc cu0sn3s. Pl+cc*ch hnccdb cs *ccc 4s *+0<nc )cdch)sh c+sn3cs: )l<ng dc c< *<s hu s <*ns . Nu sc ssnchsscsc nscs dc ccl 0hs bun )*sc cn 4s nscs dc ccl 0hs cu0)+ h % 4s nb hbsl cs c c+ )*b0) s udsnch nu"s sc*/c4 c nscsbdh + <n bsnc% cs <n sh s*+? hu sngcnsb.s h c nc2hs +. Hccs h% <0)*cun+ cu hl c dc2cc c nc2c*scs c% sc nh4 c dsn 0sc. )u3sn 4s <nsb3c4 c su)c*2scshls h ch. Lh bh0cnss sus")u4s s<n 0hs c*s sch c 4s% cu bh c c+"s 2hc bh*ccu0 )l+cu3s /ulgulus )*sn 2h0slsh*s h c% )*s0cDduscsc cu/ssn3h )*sn ss0)ls h c% c+cs% h4h cu0 n"b )+s *ch.+ cs 2h3+ dc ccslhl3s. <ncu*hDch.+ bb*+.nscsh *ccs)*bc+. Lh unss c <nn+scu + 2s*ch glu0ch3+. S"h <n.cs *h nh u*h cu u0b* 4s% dhc+ s"h* 0bdc*h cu hDu b*ul cu0sn3cnscs% h* 2s dh*% nu dc2cc . Un g*+un c dc /csclsc cs c *clsc2 h)lhudhbsl )<n+ 4s lh b0ul ccl 0hs g*h/% dh* h c l+sh <n/sns b s0)ul dc <nclsnh3sc <nsch0n+ s+ dc/ss <n cclc dsn u*0+ 4ugub+3 dc )*b2cssc% hsc.bnh b* dc snbh/c 4s gbs)bdh* hl *<sulus. Dhc+ 4s <n *"b nh*h3sc cb0sc+ cs c c*s sch + ch s0)*b)*sc h c sn *bducc*ch )c*0hncn + h lus Dh/us86 )us )c glu0c% ch 4s 2h) ul c+ <n g*h/s h ch <n/+3+ u*ss shu sc*sb.s h ch 0us *+*ss h +lus c+ *c 2su <4s h0cs cc+ 4s cl gsu0bu4lucu*slc% cu0 /h 2s bh*c h uncs% c<nd% 2+*+ s+ 2ss Dh/us% /cs glu0s b s0)ul <n *"b cbn/c*sh3sc g*h/+O #cs c+dch <n 2h*s+% 2+c<ndu" c u <nsu3s dc *<s. S<n unss ch*c% dc4s s)*c Dhlch Msnc*/cs% 2hc )h*hd+ dc u0b*% dh* hccs h% 2ssndu"lc chl)% )*bducc 0hs dcg*hb+ su)+*h*c dcc< )l+cc*c 4s% dhc+ b u4s s.bu csc h s <0s *<sul% c 0hs 0ul .c2lc0ch lh *+su2l+" u*h dcc< dcs2+ h*c lh hh.ul lb*. H2cc h*ch c b dchunh su)+*+ bh*c% dh* <n hlc u0b*ulus% sn blc*hbsl+% )cn *u c+ su)+*+ )cs c )bh c 4s% /ssnd s+ s <*nchsc+ *<sul% dc/snc ch <ns+4s *sdscbl+ 4s% dhc+ dc bbsccs nscs bu2bnss nu sc bucu*+ dc c*cds <n /sh3+% cu h < 0hs )u3sn h2cc h3ss% dcbh*ccc cu hh.ul lb* *+su2lh <ndbscsc dss)*c3ul. S<n sn4s s)s*s uhls 4s sn4s ch*hghsb4s? dcbscbs*ch c 0h*c. B+*bh ul dsscc*n+ b* Dbhc+ 4s cl cu )scsh hh.ulus% nu ss0ulch.+% dh* b 2hcc dbh* lh s0)ul )b *s/s ? lh4s s+ chd+. ch <n *"b dbh*+% un g*+un c dsn sh*ch hcchs h% ch*c h 2bs 0hs )*c3us dcc< b )c*l+%
86
*h*cb*s% gus <nd buch clc <nhsn ch cu0sn3cnscs 4s cc*<nd /bsc cu/ssn3cs. Mul /hlb*ch.+ b glu0+ lh s0)% c dc bbsccs scu* + u*h sc4s*ss dsn <ncu*c+ u*+: 0ul b* *cs *s4 s lc"h d*cs gus ul sh*ch hcchs h. S<n luc*u*s cc *cbusc luh c <n glu0+% 4s uncb*s bc0hs luc*u*slc )c ch*c ccl+lhl lc sh 0hs <n sc*sbs. MsDlbc unsc hl cu0sn3cnscs% s+ 2hcs Dbc dsn ccl 0hs <ncsns 2bc. Cs c h)+s+ b* cCccsul cclb* 2bh* c sc*sb4s% 4s )u3sn h)lhudhbsl Ch b cu )h* sdul lus% dh* /cnc*h : *sgsd+ scc h cclb* cu0)+ h3s 4s cu0sn3s% )u3sns b u*0ch.+% 0ul3s b *cs)cc +% sh* g*h/s h ch% chsh* dhc+ )*bducc <n *ss h*c% nu <ns+ dss)*c3. Mc*s + /+.u unul dsn *c hcc4 s ncs+ us dc hscu3s0c% )sdbsnscs hs sngcnsb.s +3ss% cu0 sc 3sn dc cb0sc+*ss 4s <n cls)h 0b*3ss% c+cs dhc+ <n3clc)3ss 0b* ch lcbcdclc% hcc4 sh ch ghs3clc% 4ugusnd *+u 4s s +*usnd. <n 2clul hccs h h h*+ h un Ch*/hDhl8( c< dc <0)lsns + <s 2uscsc /sh3h. Bh0cnss cu0sn3s 4s )*udcn3s hu 2bs <n b dchunh 2bh* c )u3sn 2h/b*hbsls s)s*s clb*% 4s c*h dc hDuns unul ssngu* ch s+"& )sc*.s )c ccl *cgcsc hl ch blsculus P*udcn 8B. Mhs u4b* sc su)b* + unss )c hl3ss )*b4 ss% 2sc )cn *u c+ nu shu sch0h% 2sc )cn *u c+ sc hsch0+n+. B+*bh ul )*udcn nu"4s )bh c <ns+ c+lch )c sns0+% dcc< dhc+ lh 0sDlbc cs c dc)cndcn3h.

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Nc 4s h2l+0 lh s2<*4s ul /chcu*slb*. Dc0ul % <n /<*s h dc hu*% sc sn/cn h: 0hs h)bs s"h hd+ugh : hcu0 b ul c *c)c s*c. Tbh c luc*u*slc s<n h < dc <nhsn h c% <nc< nu 0hs *+0<nc ns0sc dc 2+cu dcc< s+ hlcgs. T*+s0 dsn hlcgc*c% unul dsn cclc 0hs <nsc0nh c hh <*u*s hlc nh u*ss% <0)+* +4s )u3snb*h% )cn *u ch ssngulh*s h ch 4s cCcclcn3h s+ dublc.c )*c3us*ch. H4h sc 2hcc c+ .slnsc /cdc0 bh0cns cu sngcnsb.s h c sub sl+% cu Dudcch + *sgu*bhs+% s udsb4s 4s 4 su b*s dcb)b *s/+% ch*c% hDun"g<nd lh hlcgc*c% sc )sc*d. Hlcg b dchunh cc c 0hs *+u% sc 0ul3u0csc cu cc c 0hs )u3sn ns0c*s % lc )lhcc b cc"s 0hs )u3sn h)lhudhbsl% s)*c c*s sch Dudscsb4slb* 4s dss)*c3ul cclb*lhl3s. Tb ul lc scsc nc2c*scs 4s nu nu0hs c+ nu bb3sn h)lhu.c% dh* nscs 0+ch* bun+/bsn3+. N"hu 2+cu nscsbdh + ns0sc *c0h*chbsl% 4s bh c hccs ch dbh* 2ssndc+ lc ls)sc4 c 0h*clc dh* hl 4 ssn3cs dc"h hlcgc: hs 2cl <nc< % hcblb undc
ls)sc4 c hlcgc*ch% nu s<n dc hDuns nscs s *+dhnsh% nscs sngcnsb.s h ch. <nsc0n+ h ch cs cs c 2bh* c 0h*c% )cn *u h nu"s 2s 0hs 0sc+ cC cnssunch dcc< sn cnssunch. H)*bbh*ch s"b chu + bh c sluDbclc% 4s cu dcbscbs*c cclc 0h*s% 2ssndc+ ch c cb0)lc0cn ul dcs+/<*4s*ss% bb<*4sc h succcsulus% )ccc c h nb*bculus% 4s% c<nd ch ls)sc4 c% chsh* dhc+ h* h. 0unch 4s luc*u*slc )*ssbscsc% b ul sc dssc*cds ch.+ 4s b ul sc *h ch.+. Ns0cns nu /h dbb<nds nscsbdh + *c)u h3sh dc dcs+/<*4s <n b*scc sluDb+% 2+*+ *clsc2ul unus gus h)lhudhbsl. Ssngu* *clsc2ul hlcgc*ss s"h )u u 2hcc /cs s3s )c 0ul3s *cgs% c0sncn3s <n hlcgc*slc lb*% h < <n 0h c*sc dc ss)*+/s 0+*c3c% c< 4s dc 0sns4 *s? c+cs b c*bh*c <n )*s/sn3h chcslb* *h3sunss dc S h c su2scscn + ch s+ )sc*.s b ul% cu dssc*cds % sh* b ns0c*s*c% ch s+ c<4 sgs b ul% cu *c)u h3sc nc0u*s bh*c. Unss hu g*c4s <n clcc3sunch bbscc clb*% hl3ss <n cch h sns *u0cn clb*% b3s dss *ug<ndu"4s% )*sn c*b*slc lb* h < dc 2h hlc. hu*u*slc 85 ncs)us dc )*c3sbhsc hlc cb*bhnclb* lb*. S<n unclc sluDbc h c+*b* )*sncs)hl+ 0hns2cs h*c cbns + <n hlcgc*c% 4s <n clc dc)cndcn3h dc scnsul cs cs c 0hs 0h*c% )*ccu0 s<n bh c hcclch cc hu d*c) scb) sns *us*ch <n chs) )l+cu . B*h b*ul s+ )*c2c*c% h4hdh*% h*gu0cn clc cclc 0hs h)lhudhbslc 4s 0hs sc*sbhsc: ss b*scul s+ 3sn+ sch0h dc dclcc h*c 4s 2blbs: 2slb.b2ul s+
85
<0bsnc 2*u0bsul cu scn cn3sbsul: 4s b3s s+ sh sch0h lh gus ul uns/c*shl hl cclb*lhl3s% ch*c c c*s c*sul hlcgc*ss% sh* uncb*s ch + s+"& )*c2c*c cclus c*s sc shu ssngulh*% )*b)*su shu s *+sn% dcbh*ccc% lh un bs)+3% c 0hs ns0c*s s+"s 0ul3u0c4 s )c bhs)c3s dcc< )c buc+ h*s% h s)us ccl 0hs sh/u*bs dsn )h *sh nbhs *+ 88 4s <n clcc3sunc. Cc 2blbs c+ luc*u*slc s<n <n *u b ul )c gus ul b*h b*ulus% dhc+ nu s<n )c ccl hl huds b*sulusO Pcn *u csnc bh*c lc g+ c4 sO Hcclh /h )*c2c*h b sub sls h c% sh* hccs h /h h)lhudh b cb0)h*h3sc shu ds0)b *s/+. <4s h*c lbcul 4s <n h* clc /ulgh*c: ch h h*c% h0 )u u /cdch dbs 0c4 c*s c0sncn3s ch*c <4s dss)u hu 2hs0h? unul )*sn dclsch c3c 4s dcs+/<*4s*c% <n *"h < h% <nc< 2scch*c dsn b)c*clc shlc luh c sc)h*h )+*ch su)*c0ul c2b* hl h* cs% dh* bh c lhblhl + nu 0ul3u0chu: ccl+lhl % ds0)b *s/+% n"h s.bu s nscsbdh + s+ ss)*+/chsc+ un luc*u cu su)*c0+ dclsch c3c 4s nscs s+"& duc+ lh dc)lsn+ )c*2cc3sunc% 4s b u4s hccs h s"h bucu*h dc *clsc2ul hlcgc*ss h < dc /sgu*bs% <nc< 4s"h h *hs h)lhu.clc uns/c*shlc. Nh4 c% <n )*s0ul *<nd% dsn gus ul )*b)*su% dhc+ c bun% chls2sch )*sn <ncc*ch*c% hssgu*<ndu"3s"& hs 2cl 4s )c hl cclb*lhl3s% <n *uc< c un 0h*c h/hn hD s+ )b3s 2hcc nb*0+ dsn cl 4s s+ nu h <*ns dc cclc s *+snc. <n hccs chs) c )b3s <nc*cdsn3h c+ ccch cc c 0ul3u0c4 c )c snc lh ccslhl3s <s /h 0ul3u0s 4s )c cs lh snc. Bunh clcc3sunc cs c c2cc hl s0)ulus )b *s/s : b ul scsc bsnc dsn cl% 2ssndc+ c ccl 0hs 0h*c nb*bc% 4s% dhc+ h s.bu s cc/h <n ls)sh lus% h 2bs 0hs 0ul dh b*s + <n <0)l+*ss dcc< cc* s udsnss. Ds0)b *s/+% un )*bs gus s+*bc.c4 c b ul 4s. )*sn )*bhs h"s hlc+ us*c% *h ch.+ chsh* 4s luc*u*slc cCcclcn c )*sn dcs+/<*4s*ch lb*: 4s s<n unclc h < dc csudh c% <nc< hlcg b dchunh cc c 0hs *+u% dc )h*c+ <4s dhu bs cnchlh s+ g*c4chsc+: )+s *ch.+ cch 0hs *ch Dudcch + )cn *u ccl 0hs bun )*slcD% 4s lh cch 0hs 0h*c h4 c) h*c /sn cu cch 0hs 0h*c s0)c* sncn3+% <nsb3sndu"sc 0c*cu cu )*bs sh lb*. Hlcgc*c 2+*+ g*c4 cch h hlbsncs% dh* cc )*bs gus ccl hl uncs 0u4 c% dc /*c0c cc% <n hccch4s g*+dsn+% hccch chu + 0s*chs0h% sh* hcchs h duhbh*ch.
88
Ccl 0hs *+u c c+ hsc0cnch bblnh/s hs gus ulus% 2sc dsn nc4 ssn3+% 2sc dsn ch)*scsu% sn2s*0s hs Dudcc+3ss% hd+ug<nd"b )c"h dbuh cclcs dsn <s c*b*s% ch*c c 0hs /cs s +% h* /*ch s+"s 0bls)schsc+ dc bbhlh lb* )c b3s ccslhl3s: )*c snd ch )+*c*ch lb* )h*hdbChl+ s+ 2sc nb*0h cclb*lhl3s% 4s chsh* sc 0s*+ c+ ls)sh lb* dc gus nu c )cn *u ccslhl3s dclsch cs+% 4s *+su2lh*ch lb*% )b2 + dc 0<nch*c% sc0+n+ b*s hs c*b*ss <n b ul. S<n hl3ss ch*c hu gus ul dc.hcb*dh 2h3+ dc unclc luc*u*s% dh* 2h3+ dc hl clc 2bh* c ns0c*s ? dc bbsccs <ns+ csnc h*c s *sch + *+d+csnh )bh* + 4s 2*uc )c dc"h"n *cgul sch*b+d. P*csu)unc )c l<ng+ dcs+/<*4s*ch gus ulus% b <n3clcgc*c hdcc/h + h u u*b* <0)*cDu*+*slb* ncccsh*c succcsulus snds/sduhl. P*s0h lb* h cn3sc c dcs snh + )*slcDulus% hcchs h 2ssnd cch dsn <s *cgul+ h bb3snc*ss succcsulus. Nu sc 0ul3u0c4 c nu0hs cu luc*u*slc *c0h*chbslc )*sn c0sncn3+% cs 4s )*sn 2blbs% c+cs uncb*s ccl 0hs cCcclcn h 2bs ccl 0hs )u3sn cb*cs)un.+ b* 0b0cn ulus% hs 2cl <nc< % h*uncs c<nd *clsc2h*ch 2ssn3cs 4s b)b* uns h ch 2blbsulus sc *cuncsc <n 0sDlbhcc% sc <nchcsc cu nb*bc. Sc *cglch.+ du)+ s0)% sh sch0h lh )bs % 2hcc dcbscbs*c dc )c*sbhnc 4s sc cbn2b*0ch.+ <n chs) hdcc/h )*slcDulus% clcc3sunch hDung<nd hs 2cl s+ 2sc <n *u b ul dcs+/<*4s +. Phssunch c hd/c*sh*+ dcclh*h + h cu0sn3cnscs 4s% ch h h*c% h hlcgc*ss: nscsbdh + nu sh sch0h lh 2blbs% cs lh h2cc ul cs: 4s )*c3usc4 c 0hs 0ul <0)lsns*ch bhncs dcc< *cu4s h. Tb3s 2h/b*s3ss cs s<n buns dbh* )cn *u c+ h4h /*ch ch% nu )cn *u c+ s<n <n *chls h c% 4s ss0ulch.+ c+ sc h0+gc4 c /bs : 4s hs 2cl% b*scc *+u sn cn3sbnh scsc 4s 0hs *+u cCccu h . Subscc clc hlcgc*ss s<n 0ul c 4s subls0c. Sc hlcg% <n )*s0ul *<nd% sluDbclc 4s s +*slc% clcc3sunc dc b /sh3+ <n *chg+% <n ch*c ns0c*c4 s b*s dhs g*c4 )cn *u b dchunh% c+cs *s4 s s+"3s scs <n c<*c+ b nc2c*scs*c s*c0cdshbsl+.
R+ul c c+ hb +*<*slc cclc 0hs <nsc0nh c sc shu lh )*s0h /<*s +% ls)ss + dc 4 ssn3+ 4s cC)c*scn3+% c<nd dc 2h) n"h* 2s dc hDuns nscs cch 0hs 0h*c )*udcn3+ 4s 0hs cbh) + 0h u*s h c. Nscs hlcgc*ch )*sc cnslb* nu c cch 0hs nc<nsc0nh + bblsgh3sc% dcbh*ccc cs *cbusc s+ 2sc *c.ul h ul hlcgc*ss% nu hl <n <0)l+*ss% hc3sunc <n 2bh* c 0h*c 0+su*+ h )*udcn3cs 4s% ccl 0ul % h )bssbsls +3ss. s"s hlcgs dc hsc0cnch )c ccs h)*b)sh3s% ch*c s<n hdDu hn3s hs /sc3ss 4s% ccl 0hs hdcsch% /*+D0h4s dc ncbcbls . Dhc+ <ns+ 4s <n ch.ul cb)sslb* h* )u ch h/ch lbc clcc3sunch% h* 2s )*s0h dsn *c nb*bcs*s. Dh* s<n hsc0cnch ch)*scss )c lu0c% <nc< 3s
NU KS JBCHCR 177

SJc c4ug h b cc"s 2bh* c bun cs c c+ 0ul ul u. dc/snc hbu.. Tb3s <l *</ncsc dh b*s + cCcclcn3cs% d*c) ch*c dc/snc cb0un: 4s% )sc*.<ndu"4s )*s0h )*c3us*c ch *h*% sc hlcgc cu dss)*c3 ch /ulgh*% 4s c )+ch ch bc0hs cCcclcn3h s+"s )*scsnushsc+ 4s *usnh. H)lhu.clc u u*b*h sc schs0b+ <n su)+*h*c h u u*b*h. Hccs h c ch*sul bbs4nus hl luc*u*slb* 2bh* c h)lhudhbslc <n b*scc sbs dc c0sncn3+ 4s ch*c% n+sc<ndu"sc dsn <nsu4s c*cds ul 4s h*+"nsndu"sc dsn <ns+4s bs cn h3sh lb*% hDungc s+ d+*<0c 4s chsh* s+ dbbbh*c cch 0hs su0c3s + 0+*c3sc: c dc hDuns un cCccs dc c hlh*c ch s+ 2hc+ dsn )u*c )*bdsgss% /ulgh*s +3s.
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)b scns*c: hs 2cl% lh 0ul3s% /bsn3h dc h *bnh hDungc s+ 2sc nu *clsc2% cs bbs hcbl. Cbn/cnscn3h c 4ub*cd+% 4s chsh* dc s scl+% )*sn 2*hgsls h c% 4s% dhc+ c 0ul scbhs+ <n )ublsc% sc cC)unc lh 0hs 0ul c s.bs*s: 0hs bsnc sc )+s *ch.+ <n s.blh*c% 2sc 4s"n )hsclc u0slsn3cs shlc. Unss /b* s+ 2sc 0c*cu cbcb4ss )ublscs +3ss 4s h < h c<n +% <nc< nc0ul3u0csc: h* hDungc un s *sg+ % dbu+ )cn *u s2h shu *c.s*c% 2ssndc+ 0hs 0ul dc"h < h <nsch0n+ h c<n h )*bs b*s h c <nc+)+3<nh. M<nch*ch cch 0hs dclscsbhs+ )sc*dc h dbuh bh*+ 0ul dsn )*s0h )l+cc*c: h *csh bh*+ su)+*+ dc"h d*c) ul: 0hs bsnc h* 2s s+ sc )+s *c.c lh cls)clc dsn <s hlc gus ulus% s <*nsnd db*sn3h. s dhc+ h4h c cu cch 0h c*shl+% cu h < 0hs 0ul cu hdc/+*h h h*hn+ h su2lc ulus% dcs2+ +*s hlc sn clcc ulus 4s hlc gus ulusQ Sh* hccs h% cu c< c 0hs 0h*c% cu h < c 0hs gsngh4 4s 0hs g*cu dc 0ul3u0s . Mhs 0ul 2hcc b *h*s h c cCcclcn +% c+cs b dchunh ds2scslul h 2bs )*c3us . Pc 0+su*+ cc un b+*bh cCcclcn % 2sc )*sn cu*hD% 2sc )*sn <n/+3+ u*+ shu )*sn sn cg*s h c b*s )*udcn3+% sc *c *hgc% dc/snc sn/sdshbsl. )cn *u c+ cl s + lbculus 4s b3s <s duc db*ul% cu 0hs 0ul c*cds 4s chsh* nb*bc. B*scc 0bdc*h3sc cs c shlu h*+% 0hs hlcs <n h)h*s3sc% <n *uc< cbnsc*/+ /sh3h *c)u h3scs. Sn <lnc4 s hsc0cnch Dbchc*s <n b sbsul dc c0sncn3c. S<n 4s dc"hs 2*u0usc3ss% h c+*cs bs cn h3sc% )c l<ng+ *ssc% )*s0c4 c nu0hsdcc< )cdch)sh dc/hlb*s.+*ss% sh* 0hs h)bs )c cch h dss)*c3ulus. Cc bsnc h cunbscu *sscul hccs h /ulgh* 4s cc bsnc h 4 su s+"& )*c<n <0)snc hclh0h h Pb)ch '7 h lus Nc*bQ Cch ch*c h 4 su b dchunh s+ db0snc 2*u0usc3ch 4s"b h*+ h b dchunh 2slh ? nscsbdh + nu 4s"h s+ u*h nscs 0+ch* )*b)*sss bchs% h/h*+ cu b3s% )s.0usndu"4s"b ssc4s. <4s dc./clch <n *"b .s bchss 4s 2*un ch% <n hl h gu*h 4s bb*hDss% 2+*+ h"4s l+sh nscsc<nd /+.u *cs ul 2*u0usc3ss 4s c<4 sg<nd hs 2cl cch 0hs 0h*c )*c3us*c. Mh*c lcc3sc c hcchs h dc h 4 s s+ c 2hcs )*c3us % dc h 4 s s+ /sn.s b c0sncn3+% )*c2+c<ndu" c c+ b hcb)c*s% ch s+ b )+s *c.s 4s chsh* s+ b s)b*c4 s cu db*sn3h% sh* <n Skhturslc ctrc Br!htul Htcnt sc /h /b*bs dcs)*c ch cu <n/+3+ u*+. Cclcb*+ cbn2s*0h*c cch cu s0h"
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*hldclc sndshnulus% ch 2hcc cunbscu + cu bun gus hcchs + sub sls h c. Lc hduscsc <n 0h*c chn s h c 4s cghlc <n chls h c. <l su)usc )c ccl dsn <s h)*ccsc*ss unus gsu/hsc*gsu cC)c* % ch*c s"& )l+ s cu us0s*c. <l scbhsc )c"hl dbslch% )*s/slcgsh <n b ul% )+s *<ndu"4s ch)hcs h ch dc h )l+cch% dh* cl <s cbbb*< lh Du0+ h c )*c3us*ch% 4s% <n hccch4s )*b)b*3sc% u*0+ cu hl *cslch 4s hl )h *ulch: )c 0+su*+ cc clc sc <n *ccchu <n ch*h c% h)*ccsc*ch d+dch <nd+*+ . Us0s dc"b hsc0cnch dss)*b)b*3sc% hscul + chu.h% cu <n/+3+ u*h nbhs *+? c+ <nsu4s bcl4ugul dc /hlbh*c <4s d+unh ssc4s% sh* )c 0+su*+ cc sc )sc*dch *h*s h ch% sc+dch )*c3us*ch. B% h4hdh*% b+*bh ul Dudscsbs% dc /h 2s /*<nd s+ c<4 sgc *c)u h3sh nc0u*s bh*c% Dbhcc 0hs dcg*hb+ cu b ch* c dc *<nd dcc< cu Dbchc*ul. Ksc b cC *c0+ <n dcs+/<*4s*c% dh* )+s *c.c 0sDlbcsh <n s *+lucs*c.
'6
2bh* c dcbscbs c unh dc cchlhl + 4s b)usc <n b ul% )cn *u c+ unh c 2+u*s + dsn )sc *c hlbc% /*cdnscc dc cch 0hs nb*bcbhs+ u*0+ <n cch 0hs bun+ .s% sh* cchlhl +% snh0sch cs% dsn )sc *c ncg*c% ch*c% <n 0bhb*chlh lb*% <s )*c/cs csc ncnb*bcul: 0+*c3 /bsbhs+ hccch% sh* hcchs h lugub*u u0sl+. Hcblb s<n dc 2h3+ 0ul3u0s*ch% *c)husul% bunul nu0c% bcl4ugul 4s bbg+3sslc cu b sbsul dc nb*bcs*s. Hscs *ss c3ch% *udh% 2bh0ch% dss)*c3ul 4s s+*+csh% cu bh + s)s3h nc2c*scs*ss. Ch h h*c% unh sc nu0c4 c h )l+cc*ss% sh* cchlhl + h du*c*ss. Tb3s 0u*s b*ss 2*cc/cn ch.+ chsh hcchs h 4s sn *+ )*sn *"unh dsn hccs c dbu+ u4s% cCss + <ns+ b lcgc sn/sblhbsl+ 4s *cs)cc h + cu cch 0hs 0h*c hs)*s0c% ch dhc+ hs sn *h )*sn *"unh% s+ sc4s )c cchlhl +% h4h <nc< ns0cns nu )bh c sc4s )c"hccch )c ch*c h sn *h % cs )c cch b)us+? csnc h sn *h )*sn )l+cc*c scsc b dchunh )*sn du*c*c% sh* csnc h sn *h )*sn du*c*c scsc b dchunh )*sn )l+cc*c.
Rcs *s4 c bb4 chsc+ h nb*bcb4slb* cs c c+ hu )h* c dc sn *+*s 2bh* c 2c*scs c% dh* dc sc4s*s 2bh* c *hgscc. <nsc4s h)lhu.clc dc lh <ncc)u u*s 2hc 0hs .gb0b bs 0u*0u*ul s2<*4s u*slb*. H)bgcul nu s + <n cbnss03s*ch /ulgh*+ dc lh sn *h*c% c+cs h u u*b*h c h)lhu"dhbsl+% cs <n su)+*h*ch gcnc*hl+ dc lh sc4s*c% c+cs *h*s s<n ccs *cg*c h3s. B% c<3s sb*s n"h0 /+.u nbs n+sc<ndu"sc <n *<sul hu*b*cs% ch 4s"n hl nbs *u% 4s <ng*b)<ndu"sc h)bs <n )l<nsul h)usulusQ S"hu shlu h % <n .b*s% lsngu4s bh*clc )+s+*s cu c<n u*slc lb*% )<n+ lh u*0+ h)bgsh u*s% 4s s"hu )c *ccu % <n hs2sn3s % )+s+*s nbc u*nc cu /hsc*clc lb*. Tbh c 2h3hdclc *hngu*slb* s<n h*+ bhsc% dh* chlchnclc u0slc. S<n <ncununh c cu u*hlc sn *+*slc d*cg+ b*slb* 4s cu blcs c0c sc4s*slc. C< dc h)lhudh + <ncc)c b db0nsc% dh b*s + 2sc gus ulus /ulgh* hl schs0b+*ss% 2sc n+dcDdss nu *s c <n hh <*u*slc )h* sculh*c 4s <n *cu4s clc bb4 c4 s% dh* c< dc h0u3s + dcccdch.+% <nc< 4s +cc*ch s"h* 2s hclh0h3sc bsnc/bs bh*cQ Cc hdb*h +% 2sc dc s)c*hn3+% 2sc dc ch0+% dcbu ch.+ b 2h/bh*c% dhc+ nu s"h* dc.0sn3s ch <ns+4s lh Du0+ h ch *bs s*ss ds/s.h c'A% c+cs dhc+ *ccc*ch /h*sh.+% nu )b3s sc+)h% lh <ncc)u shu lh s2<*4s % dc b nc2c*scs*c )*bnbs sch +Q Tbh c s2<*4s u*slc s<n dcscbnss"
'A
dc*+*s% 4s bh c bnb*u*slc ch)slb* s2<*4csc <n ch)c c dc hcu.h*c% dhc+ nu hlc Dus s3scs% hlc 0u*0u*+*ss *+.bunh c. Mul3u0s*ch <ncc)u ulus sc *hns2b*0+ <n 0ul c nc0ul3u0s*s lcgh c dc s2<*4s . Chsh* dhc+ nu c hl ghsnsbn dcc< sc+)+ h ul = c+cs 4s unus sbh*c <s c dh s+ chd+ =% cl )*bducc hbh c*s? sc <n uncc+ s *+lucs*ch 4s sc *+cc4 c ss03s*ch. Rh*cb*s <s <nsb3c4 c nb*bcul )c ccs cc scs% 4s nscs hclh0h3sh nu d+snusc )<n+ lh 2snc? )c c< sc h*h + dc )bls scbhs+ cu ccs cc /sn% )c"h < dc g*bsblhn+ cu ccs cc sc duc. Hn+ 4s )*sc cnsslc sc lchg+ cu )l+cc*ch 4s sc )sc*d cu 2hls0cn ul. U*cs <n .bb* s)*c hh <* 4s cbbb*s dc" hcblb dc"h *bs bgblul: 4s% <ndcbb4 c% <n bh c sluDbclc 4s chsh* s +*slc% sn *s )c u4h 0ul3u0s*ss 4s h nb*bculus 4s sc4s )c cch h nc)l+cc*ss 4s h ncnb*bcs*ss. Kb* unh <0b*hc+ /c40sn c dc ghl+ <nc*b)s c dsn cC *c0c 4s sc 2+lc4 c c+ cs c cghl+: )sc)3ss 4s"s hcb)c*+ cu hlb% 4s cu ncg*u s)c clc? c+cs h nu"3s )+sh dc clc <nsch0n+ h dh dc .slc hlbc '5. B% 0h*c cul0c h )*udcn3cs% h cn3sh lh cC *c0c% g*sDh dc h s2<*4s bsnc% lu<nd 0hs 0ul h0sn c lh nb*bcs*ch sc4s*ss dcc< lh h)lhu.clc sn *+*ssQ C+cs *ch.ul Phlsnu* '8 nu"4s c<*0usc4 c nh/h dc lh )*b/h% cs dc lh )u)h% hcblb s + lh c<*0+ <n c+l+ b*sh /sc3ss. Unss hu <ncc)u u*s 2bh* c 2c*scs c <n b ul% 4s chsh* h)lhudhbslc: bcu)+ b dc0ns h c cu <n <sc h c% hDung lh un )bs cu h)lhu.c% <ncc) b )*sc cnsc cu hh <*? b*scc <ncc)u c cu nb*bc. Ccs dc 2clul lb* bbs4nuscsc s+ hsb+ <ns+ <nchcsc*slc 2bh* c *hgscc 4s .h3u*slc 2bh* c h0h*c: bh + nc2c*scs*ch *+0<nc )cn *u dcsc* % )*ccu0 <n )hhh*ul cu )u*gh s/ h0+*+csunch. M+*ch3+ *cgul+ h <ncc)c*ss 4s h s2<*4s*ss h dh *b0hnul '' c<nd h s)us c+ bh c dc0ns +3slc 4s *hngu*slc 4s lc dbb<ndssc <nhsn c dc h 4s lc 2s db*s 4s c+ )c bh c lc )+*+sssc <nhsn c dc h lc 2s db*s hl3ss. Mhs 0ul c hs h dcc< cch dsn <s: dc4s b % 0ul ? hccch h 2bs hh <* hl sb*3ss% hcchs +lhl + h 2bs *chls.h*c h uncs )*udcn3c h)h* c. Nc2c*scs*ch c uncb*s )cdch)s+ h sn c0)c*hn cs% 4s 0h*c glb*sc cch h )*ch<n <0)sn+*ss. M<ng<sc*ch <n3clc)3slb* c c+ hu l+sh cs luc*u*slc <nhsn c dc h"s 2s l+sh clc )c cs% sh* s2h ul c s+ lc"b scs <nhsn c.
'5
Pb3s )b *s/s 4s nb*bcul% <nsb3sndu"& cu bunh 0+su*+ )<n+ lh bunul .h3 4s 0cn3sn<ndu"& <n ss0)h sh bh0cnslb* cu h h*c h* +% <nc< hclh0h3sh bb4 chsc+ dc lh sn *h*c s+ sc )*c2hc+ <n *cg*c uns/c*shl lh sc4s*c. Nscsbdh + nu *cbusc s+ s2<*4c4 s cu *u) u*+% nscs <n )*sc cnsc% nscs <n hh <*% sluDb+ shu *hng% 2ssndc+ sc)h*h3sh Dsgnc4 c *c)u h3sh% )c l<ng+ su2c*sn3h )c ch*c b )*b/bhc+. Pu3sns dsn *c nb*bcb4s hu sc+)h dc lb/s u*slc ul s0c hlc sb*3ss% c+cs 0h*clc nb*bc h*c dc bbsccs .h3u*s *clc? dh% <ns+% hccsh )c ch*c% lh s0)% s"h *c *hs 2sc sbh* h <ns+4s% 2sc cu0sn3cnsh. Pc hl3ss% )c c*bs% cc*ul <nsu4s s"h <n.cs *h cu lchc% *clsc2<ndu"lc 0ss c*sbs s2<*4s ul% ch lus Mbssc% dss)+*u % 4s lus Slsc% *+)s &99% 2+c<ndu"lc *su02 dsn *+)bsh*c. Chsh* hcblb% <n 2hbulbhsh )+g<n+ h c. un Rb0ulus &9& h s2<*4s <ndbsclnsc% *+u h ch scnh b*slb* *hns2b*0<ndu"sc <n 0ss *c*% ccch cc s"h hdus b 4s 0hs 0h*c /cnc*h3sc. Hl3ss% dc4s c0sncn3s shu chsh* c*bs% 4s"hu 4 c*s% ch bhlhu*ul% cu ncnb*bcs*ch s2<*4s ulus lb*% glb*sh
ss)*+/slb*. H b*s Hc*culc&97% )*cschs0bh <n Ph*c+ h )*b)*scs nc0u*s*s% 4s 4s"h )us nu cblb2bn% cs cblbn 2h) clb* 0+*c3c% c+cs h4h 2usc. H 2bs )*slcD dc 0<hns*c )cn *u /s cDs 4s dc dc.h0+gs*c )cn *u <n3clc)3s. Nu0hs /s* u ch c )hs+*ch 2cnsC% ch*c% c<nd )h*c h sc ss)*+/s% h uncs *cnh4 c 4s /c4nscc4 c <n /cnc*h3sc ccch cc h <ncc)u <n h)lhu.c.
&99 &9&
Hp!l!#
@*bdsgsb4s s<n bchss sn/sdscs: hu 0ul dsn su2c*s*c: n"h* /*ch s+ /hd+ h < h c< /+d: dc4s s<n ccs 0hs hgc*s% n" hu 2bs /+.u3s nscsbdh + scnsns 4s% dhc+ s"h )u u s)unc dcs)*c cs c+ hu h/u 0c*cu /cdc*c bun+% nscsbdh + 0hs )b *s/s ch h uncs c<nd. )*sn bchss u u*b* )+s+*slb*% hu )*s/s hccl 0s*hcbl h*s)h hl 2*u0usc3ss? P+unul Sunbncs. <l )*s/chu% sbh*c dc )cnc% *+s+*snd cu h < ch *h.c c< c )cnc u*s dcschsdc <n *bh h"s s)lcndsd+. Dc lh 0s*h*c sc *ccc lh hd0s*h*c% dhc+ nu c )h s0+? c+cs dhc+ c. dcgcnc*ch.+ nu0hsdcc< 4s% c<nd nu )bh c dc/cns c0ulh3sc% sc )*c2hcc <n 0scs0ch )s.0cs. Hu b*bs % h4hdh*% dc"h < h /cdc*c% <ncc)u Csbh*h% ch unh 0hs Dbsnsc+% s+ )bncg*chsc+&9(% du)+ cc sc )b0cns Du0uls + 4s *u4snh +: *ccch dc lh unclc lh hl clc% sscb"dsndu"lc )c bh c% )c /ul u*s <n )sscu*slc lb*% )c lcbcdc <n sh.u*s% )c c*c3s )c )*+Dsnslc lb*% )c cbcb4s )c g*+0c.slc lb* dc gunbs% 2+*+ h lc us h )c bu2ns3c 4s cucu/clc <n )bdu*slc lb* su0b*c. <ncc)ch cu b lhud+ bsnc 2+3+*s + 4s s2<*4ch cu b clc/c s*c )c 2h3+? >K*u0bs c 4s 0<nd*u% .scch ch% P+unul% nu b )u c0 +g+dus% )sc*dc <ns+ b ul c<nd b h*h +? c+cs 4s ccl 0hs 0h*c 0c*s % <n .suh c<nd sc cunbh4 c )c ssnc <nsu4s% nu .sc nscs 0+ch* c<nd sc 2hcc cunbscu % dcchdc dsn nbblc3ch sh 4s chdc <n u4u*+ h c. Lhudh <n )*b)*sh gu*+ c cch 0hs ssgu*+ bch*+: b dchunh ccs cc 0c*s + 0hs 0ul /b*bcsc dcs)*c ssnc 0hs )u3sn. K*u0bhs+ c*h Khbulh% g*h3sbhs+ 4s )*scc)u + 4s% 0hs hlcs% cb)sl+% dh* n"h 0hs 2bs ns0sc% du)+ cu0 h c<n h lcb+dh dsn Bslbslss&9B% c<nd h c+u h s+ sc <ng<02c. Cu unh sbcb c+ #ul u*ul% dhc+ h* 2hcc )h*hd+ dc )cnclc lus *cgc4 s% 4s" h* h *hgc h)lhu.clc )*sn 0hscs h ch 4s g*h/s h ch lb*. Ch% )<n+ 4s KcnsCul% 0snunh*c 2+*+ )c"
&96
*cchc h uns/c*sulus% u*+4 c hcchs + )*ch/ulgh*+ bs cn h3sc 4s"4s ducc /sh3h 0hs )*c3us <n hcch )c c< dc cu0sn c% )c"h < dc *c)u h + ssh+s *sc h sh." s b h4h% nu cbn cnch s+ sc0cnc sn/sdsc% 4s <nc+ 0hs /<* bs <n sns0slc 0scs% ch*c lcsnc sc u0)lu dc b*scc. C 0bls)ss bh*c sn/sdsh: g+sc4 c b dchunh dc cc s+ sc hgh c% )<n+ 4s dc s0hgsnh*: 2sh*+ ncs)us dc c*ud+ ch*c% cu bsnclc s *+sn% <s 2hcc h < h *+u )*b)*sulus cs s +)<n. H <ncc)u s+ sc h*+nchsc+ dsn 0+*un hsc% 2sc <n scb)ul unus 0hs 0h*c chsn% 2sc )cn *u h su*ghsuns dsn clc b*scc b0cnsc. S"hu cbnDu*h cu bh clc ch s+"s <n unccc% dc nu chsh* s+"s dss *ug+% 2*u0usc3ch. P*bccdh*+ cu /sclcnsc% <4s *h2snh*+ *+u h ch% ncdc"clh*<ndu"sc <0)b *s/h 2*u0usc3ss% cs <0)b *s/h 2udulscs shlc? >Kssndc+% .ssc Cb3b2hnh% dhc+ s.bu s0 ch cl s+ nu 0hs )bh + 2hcc 0ul bdsbhsh )h*hd+ dc )cnclc shlc% <s ccls)s+0 cu b ul 2*u0usc3ch." Ccch cc nu sc /cdc c ch 4s cu0 n"h* 2s 4s% )*ccu0 h s)us hcch )+s+*usc+ sh s*sc+&9A? > ssn3h h nu c ns0sc% dhc+ ccslhl3s nu 4 su c+ 4 ss." s s<n dc lh ssnc <n3clcsc bh c cclclhl c <n.cs *+*s% chsh* dhc+ /b*bcsc dc *cgsnh u u*b*h. Luc*u*slc <ndcbb4 c nu *cc d*c) ccch cc s<n % cs d*c) ccch cc )h*. S<n 0ul 0hs 0ul3s )*b4 ss dcc< )*scc)u3ss% hccsh sc 0ul3u0csc cu h)h*cn3h 4s% chsh* dhc+ hcc4 sh shu sch0h lh 0sc.% h0+gs*ch )*ccu0)+nc4 c 4s luc*u*slc s<n )*c3us c )c dsn h2h*+. Sc dusc*+ s+"s 2b*0ulc.c hcu.h*ch% dsn )h* ch <n *cgss *c)ublscs u4bh*c. Cb*bul% Csbh*h 4s Cb3b2hnh% cu hl clc dc ch)h lb*% c+cs bh c cclclhl c sc scu.h*+% #ul u*ul cu sc*sb.s h ch% KcnsCul cu s.blh*ch. Pb*u0bclul cu ss0)ls h ch% Kh.hnul cu )*s0cDdsh 4s Lcb+dh cu 0u3cnsh% c+cs ch g<ndc4 c 0c*cu% ch s+ c<n c dulcc b dh +. Zbu*h*+ <n c+u h*ch lus )<n+ lh 0+*c3ul )hlh hl Bbg+3scs. Sc <n <lns*+ nu0hsdcc< cu un Ph)hghl% ch*c s + ch )c un bhlcbn 4s <n *"b cbls/sc% s2c*+ hnu0c h ls0bu cs. Lc s)usc cu 0h*c u4u*sn3+ b cc 4 sh% hdsc+ b cc /bshu cs.
<s *s0ssc*+ un 0cshD )*sn *"b Mhs0u3+: h*c sc bucu*+ P+unul dc sbss*ch lb*% c+cs nu sch)+ )*slcDu*slc dc h sc h*+ h. <s )*s0s <n *"b cu* c sn c*sbh*+ s)h3sbhs+% ch *u hugus hl s)lcndb*ss 2+lbhsc 4s h*cn+ b+ u + h cb0)c s3scs lus% 2slb s0 cu sbh*clc <nsu4s% )cnc lh *h.c 4s *bh + lh *bh +.
&9A
&8A
DSSCCRNTBRUL
Dh* <s sc4s *+u )h*hdh% bc0hs c<nd c*h 0hs g*h3sbhs+% c+cs 4s ccch cc cs c ncs)us dc cCcclcn dc)sndc dc <0)*cDu*+*s 4s nu"s /snc b dchunh *<ndul. Mc chnc dc hh*)sc s<n cclc hlc )s.0cs% s0*cdusc4 c b ul 4s% ch lh /hsslssc% )*s/s*ch cs ucsdc: 4s cu bh c c+ 2*u0usc3ch dc bbsccs /*+Dc4 c% hscs 0hs 0ul s"h <n +*< h 4s% schs0b<nd h)lhu.clc <n snsul c% /ulgh* <n2u*sh c% <s s)usc*+? >Cc bsnc"3s chdc hs h% b% )hs+*c ncbun+ 4s <n2u0u*h +% cu sblsh cc 3s"b hducc0 dsn )h* ch <n *cgulus scnh <nh*s)h Q <n *"hdc/+*% du)+ cc"b s"b hu.s% hs sh <3s s *<ngs )cnhDul 4s"b s+"3s dhs )c b*h.d+ *u2shQ H2l+ c+ bh c )+s+*slc s<n 2bh* c Dsgns c dc <n2bsc*ch h ncsu2c*s +% c+cs h4h nu0csc bbl2h hccch 0h*c dc )cnc% 4s cu dc)lsn c0cs% 2ssndc+ c b csud+3cnsc cu b ul bdsbhs+ 2h) ul c+ dbh* u% dsn *c bh c )+s+*slc% /*cs s+"3s dcs2+4b*s hcch *bh + )*chdc4h* +% luc*u lh ch*c nu c hl h s+ sc <ncu0c c% dc4s h < ch h* )u ch"b 2hcc lh 2cl ch snc% dhc+ nu 4s 0hs bsnc% dc /*c0c cc nscs B< lhnul nu"4s h*bb*ch.+ cg*c clc% nscs S *u3ul nu"4s c hlch.+ )cnhDclc% nscs KcnsCul <nsu4s nu"4s /ulgh*s.ch.+ sh2s*clc 4s s0h*hldclc% c+ )cnc nu s lc )b nu0s. <3s )b*unccsc% h4hdh*% 4s"3s b*dbn+ 2+*+ d*c) dc h)cl ch dc h.s <nhsn c s+ nu 0hs 2ss h)h* c% ccch cc <nsch0n+ s+ scs sch0h lh <ns+4s cu/ssn3h h% dcbh*ccc% dhc+ hs h/ch 0hs 0ul ch) 4s 0hs )u3sn+ cbhd+ *b h +% 3s"hs dh sch0h c+ bc0hs c<nd /*cs 0hs h*c s+"3s c hlc.s 2*u0usc3ch )cnclb*% <3s dcscb)c*s cch 0hs 0h*c dsn *c slu3cnss% c+cs hs h"3s s<n )scsbh*clc. Bs cn h3sh h 2bs b dchunh /ulgh*+? nh4 c dsn *u2sc. T*c.c4 c sc<*bh 4s% )*sn *c cu0sn3s% c cu b ul dssc*cds h +. Rc *hgc*ch )lsn+ dc g*h/s h c% )*udcn h s2shl+% )*cchu3sh dsscc*n+ bh*c *+scsc nc ulbu*h c% 0ul3u0s c s+"4s 2sc lb*u4s dc hDuns: nu cu0)+*+ h)h*cn3c h0+gs bh*c 4s nscs nu lc /<nd. Rchls h ch <4s c ssc4s su2scscn +% nu h*c nc/bsc dc h0+gs c h)lhu.c dsn h2h*+: 4s% <n *"un cu/<n % u c4 s ss0bblul bbg+3sslb*? cC)unc*ch lb* <n )ublsc nu c cu0sn3cnsc% cs *ssc." R+0hsc ulus + )*ch2*u0bhsh )hs+*c h Sunbncs 4s% c<nd <4s *c/cns dsn ulbu*h*c shu dsn )*+bu4s*c% cCclh0+ hs 2cl? >B% lhud+% ch*c b dchunh /ss dc lh s *+sns% b% dss)*c3% ch*c b dchunh <3s sbsc4 c dc lh hs +sQ C bh*c cu )u sn3+ ch h uncs c<nd <*+sc bchss u u*b*h )c u*0h 2*u0usc3ss 0clc% c+cs hs h <0s 2hc ccs 0h c*shls hs )cnclb*% s+ sn *u <n gu*h unb* cb3b2cnc 4s csb*sO S+"0s bs<nds3s bs cn h3sh% 4s nu 2*u0usc3chO Cc*ul% ch*c 0s"h hcb*dh "b )c hcchs h% 0"h <0bbg+3s cu hccch% c+cs b*sch*c dsn clc ssngu*+ h* 2s dc )*ssbs. Lh cc"h* sluDs *chls h ch 2+*+ h)h*cn3+O Cch 0hs 0h*c <n3clc)csunc% h.s% du)+ cu0 sus3sn unss )bls scscns% h*
&95
<n4 ssn3h*+ 4s )c #ul u*% ch*c sbss bsnc h)+*h dc g+*.slc shlc dc )*hd+. Lcul sn c*/cns cu hu b*s h ch sh% ch*c 2u dc hDuns ch s+"s )b blchsc+% 4s sc h*+ + db*nsc s+ h2lc )*scsnh cc* cs% *ccb0hnd<nd h0bclb* )+*3s% uncsh
0bdcs sh% sh* cclcslhl c +cc*ch. Du)+ c< c/h /b*bc% <4s d+du sch0h dc ncd*c) h ch sn/sdscs 4s dc 2hlss h ch .clulus cs 4s )*b)usc% )cn *u bun+ b*dsnc% ch )*scsnh s+ 2sc *c0ss+ Dudcc+3ss unus c*3% 4s hnu0c #ul)ss% cunbscu + ch <n3clch) + 4s nc)+ s0h4+. P+*3slc sc <n/bs*+ 4s sc su)usc*+ 4s*c ulus h*bs *u. Hscs #ul)ch sc 2blbss dc bh + h* h sh )cn *u h"4s 2hcc dh b*sh 2h3+ dc b3s% <n hcclh4s s0)? h"& 0+guls )c Lcu 4s h nu"& nc0ul3u0s )c #ul u*% h 2hcc d*c) h c 4s h nu"4s )sc*dc )*sc cnss% d*c) ch*c% <n chs) 2bh* c sscuss % /b*bs <n 2clul hccs h? >Cs c b dss)u + )bls sc+% cc hnu0c h*c 0hs 0h*c <nsc0n+ h c% *chls h ch shu h)h*cn3h. CCss + luc*u*s 2bh* c 0h*s <n ssnc% dh* ch*c nu )h* h 2s% 4s. ds0)b *s/+% hl clc ch*c s<n )u3sn 4s )h* 0ul ? 0bns *ub.s h c bbs4nus +. H < c dc )u c*nsc+ bs cn h3sh shu ls)sh cs: 0ul b*h lc 3snc lbcul% )c 0ul c lc u0)lc 4s% dhc+ <n cclc 0h c*shlc <nnbbslch.+% )*ccu0 <n )bdbhb+% 0bbslsc* 4s sus +% cu0 /h 2s 2ssnd <n hdc/+*h clc <n.cs *+*s hlc cugc ulus% ch*c s<n /c40<n ul dc ghl+ hl sn clcc ulus 4s 2*u0usc3ch ss03s*ssO Mhs hlcs c<nd /snc *<ndul uncs <n.cs *+*s 4s b cc*c s0)ul )b *s/s % hcblb shdc nu0hs bsnc bs cn h3sh. S+ )*sndc0 )*slcDul% c+cs h uncs c .suh *su02ulus s+u. S<n sn4s cCcc)3sbnhls <n ch*c )u3snul s *+lucc4 c 0ul % sh* 0ul ul )<n+ lh us0s*c% bh0cns cu dh*ul bs cn h3scs ch*c% c<nd ls sc <0bsn+ cu c0sncn3h% hlc+ uscsc un )*bdsgsu: ds0)b *s/+% h0 /+.u bh0cns c0sncn3s% ch*c% ls)ss3s dc hccs *clsc2% n"hu )+*u nscs )c Du0+ h c. Nu c 0ul dc c<nd un 0h*c )c*sbnhD <ns)+s0<n h b lu0c <n *chg+ <n ch0)hnss% dh*% hDuns <n *"un cbnsslsu dc *+.bbs% *c0u*h <n 2h3h u u*b*h 4s% 0cns s+ 2hc+% nu c*h 0cns s+ 4s /b*bchsc+. S<n 4s nh3ss bs cn h s/c dsn 2s*c% sh* cch s)hnsbl+% 0hs 0ul ch b*sch*c hl h. H4h <nc< bs cn h3sh d+ hdc/+*h h s *+lucs*c ss)*+/slb* c*bscc 4s ch 4s b h dbuh /sh3+ lh b . Dh* hs h dc bun+ sch0+ c<nd <s s + chc.h4+ *chls h ch% c+cs 2+*+ 0c*s c nu c hl cc/h dcc< b h0+gs*c /ulgh*+: nu 2blbsc4 c dcc< lh c hlh*ch dc2cc clb*% bb3sn<nd un dss)*c3 dc cs hbsl <n lbc dc h)lhu.c. Unss dhu 0h*c .b* s+ hDung+ 4s s+ sc h*h c <n ch *ul uns/c*shl% nc2+c<nd hl cc/h dcc< s+"4s c hlc.c sgnb*hn3h% )c ch*c s.blh*ch lc"b dc.0sn3ch: hs h nu c bs cn h*c h <n.cs *+*slb*% cs )*bclh0h*c )*bs chsc+ h )*b)*sslb* cusu*u*s: )*c snd% <n lbc dc hclh0h3sh s)lcndb*ss% b /cs cDs*c ch*c s+ lc hcb)c*c dc sn2h0sc nc*cu4s clc. Nscs un *clsc2 nu cc*c s+ 2sc
0hs )u3sn ss0ulh dcc< bs cn h3sh 4s )sc*c b dchunh dsn )*scsnh hccs us bc c4ug% 2ssndc+ c 2bh* c h)*b)sh dc /hns h c&98% sh* hcchs h% dc dss)*c3. T*cbusc s+ 2sc 2bh* c 0bdc*h + 4s <n *u b ul b)b* un+% c+cs 0bdc*h3sh cugc ulus c <nc+ 4s 0hs ncccsh*+ dcc< cch h *u)ulus. Dc hcchs h 3snc /sh3h 0h c*shl+% sh* dc cchlhl +% cch s)s*s uhl+? c+cs 0bdc*h3sh )blcsc4 c 4s 2sh*clc. Uncb*s% bs cn h3sh cbns + 0hs 0ul <n *"b clbc/cn3+ 0u +% <n *"b cC)unc*c ch <n *"b dbh*+ h chls +3slb* c0sncn c% sh* c< cbdh + b dsss0ulh*c )*udcn + cs c b )h*hd+ h)lhudhbsl+ h /hlb*ss% hscundc*ch 0c*s clb* 2ssnd b hdc/+*h + )*bclh0h*c h lb*% dcbh*ccc )*s/h*ch dc clc .g<nd+*c4 c <n )unc ul ccl 0hs scnssbsl cu*sb.s h ch. Sc 2blbsc4 c dccs dc hcchs + h* + <n chs) 2c*scs 4s sc *clsc2ch.+ 4s 0hs 0ul cu hDu b*ul h* cs. Mh*ch"s s *h hgc0+ c s+ nu sc dc./+lusc bh + dsn *"b dh +. cs 2slh % .ug*+/sndu"4s dcs+/<*4s*ch 4s <n *cc<ndu"4s"b 0c*cu: un *clsc2 s+ 2sc cbn/bch dc hl ul 4s 0hs 0h*c% sh* h)lhu.clc )cn *u b <n.cs *h*c% h4 c) h*c <nnbs + h cclcslhl c% 4s lh 2cl 4s <n ss)*+/slc 0+*c3c% <n *c3sn<nd )u*u*s h)lhu.clc 4s h*+nsnd us0s*ch. Dh* /cnsnd hcu0 lh )*scsnh nbhs *+% .sc% 4s h4h c*cd% c+ h* 2s b sslnscsc ncsu2c*s + ch P+unulus s+"s 2sc hcb*dh + 2*u0usc3ch 4s +g+dus + 2hlh. Nscs <n3clch) + nh u*+ n"h* <ng+dus unh ch hs h% c+cs h* <nsc0nh bs<nds*ch )*b/sdcn3cs shlc% 4s <0)b *s/h )u c*ss cs nu cCss + )*ccc) c% dhc+ nu 0sDlbcc4 c *h3sunch )bls sc+% 4s chsh* 4s h uncs% b cc cCslch.+ s)<n.u*+ bh*ch cu 2*sch dc ch% cbn *h0hndch.+ nh u*h cu )u c*c. Lchcul /h 2s 0hs )*hc sc% )c c< dc lcsnscsbs% )c"h < dc c2schcc% 4s hnu0c? s+ s sc cch*+ P+unulus <n 0bd sc*sbs 4s s+ s sc b*dbnc <n sns hn3+ )cnhl+ ch% b*s dc c< c b*s <4s /h dcs2+4u*h <n /<n 2clu*s0ch clcghn3cs% s+ h *hg+ nch)+*h )*s/s*slc hsu)*h u*<3cnscs )scsbh*clb* shlc% h4h <nc< <n+l3h*ch )cnhDulus 4s cbbb*<*ch bchslb* s+ 2sc ss0ul hnc. C+cs /+ hssgu* c+ h < h dbh* /h 2s dc hDuns s)*c h"s cb*cc h bs cn h3sh." <l h)lhudh*+ cu b3ss )c h*bs *u% P+unul sc su)usc 4s hdunh*ch sc <0)*+4 sc% unh dsn *c )+s+*s 2ssnd g*hbnsc *s0ss+ h"& *ugh )c hh.bs <n3clc) ul Csb) s+ bsnc/bshsc+ h hd+ugh cclb* hn scc 4s hcchs + <n <0)lh*c 0bdc*n+ 4s cCc0)lh*+.
&98

J s c *cgc hD 0un3slb* /cs s ul Bls0) nu )cn *u c+ sc *sdsc+ dchsu)*h ccB* gs h/<n h3s% dh b*sc h su)c*sb*s +3ss: nu )cn *u c+ sc c hlch.+ 3n c%h c )+*3slc% bbscc dc s0s h % 0+*c3sh: nu )cn *u c+ c ccl dsn <D ch*c"l 2hc s+ s *+lucchsc+ *h.clc sblh*c% ccn *u hl s)lcndb*ss DDDhscs h ch: nu )cn *u c+ sc <ncunun+ cu s clc% cul0c h nb*bculus ") <sc h ch: nu )cn *u c+ d+ shu sh nu0clc cc*ulus <nsu4s% <lcDcDc nscs*c h 2hs0cs% db0nsh? dh% <ns+% )cn *u c+ nscsbdh + nu Sc su)unc unb* /ulgh*c s0)*csss )hshgc*c? c+cs hu b 0h*c c hsu)*h h <nsu3s. #sn% ccl 0ul . s+"s s+*u c % s+"s 2sc
cb/b* nb*ss% 4s ns0sc 0hs 0ul : 4s h4h% u sc ulbu*+% c+cs c b c0sncn3+ s0)hssbsl+. B 0Mc b)hcs h c nu sc )lchc+ /ulgh*cs hl c*n+*s h bhnclb*% nscs chsh* ccDcD h h2cc clb*: *+0<nc b dchunh su)c*sbh*+ uncs h < dc 0h c*shl D09Dc*h3ss. Mh*c c2cc hl )*udcn3cs c *c2lcc3sh dcs)*c ssnc. b *ccunb4lc2S h dss)b.s3scs hc uhlc% cb0)b* h*c dc s +)<n )c cugc ul +u. Pc sTs!D.D <s s*hns.ch.+ nc/*cdnsc bhnh db0snhn +% /ulgh*s h c bbs4nus T )u* h3s dc ch% s)un 4s 2hc g*c4cls. Sus3sn h.s ccch cc cbn *h.s3chu Dcn% 2b*3ch.+ uncb*s *h3sunch 4s chsh* b chlc+"n )scsbh*c% *+0<FD )c*)c uu <n )*bccs% sc0n hl cclcs 0hs nb hbslc )*bs ss. Pc u*HD ch cs nu"s *h h du)+ *h3sunch )c ch*c n"b hu% )cn *u c+ sc bblsg+ cbn *hdsc b*su 4s% 2ssndu"4s cbn *h*s 0hs %M cbn *h.sc h)bs )c b3s c<3s s<n : c 0hs bsnc. cunbs" % s+"s lh4s <n cbn2u.sh lb*% c+cs cu c< sc *c)cd 0hs s *c)cdc chd. &&9 . G*bsbl+nsh hcchs h nu s *sc+ nu0hs hDc sb ul cu Sh u*n 4s hd0s b ul cu Su)s c*% 2+*+ h"4s )+*+ss c Sh Dunss /bsn3h% cs sc <ncu**c3I 4D <0)b *s/h Dudcc+3ss: hl c*ch.+ b ul? /*c*ch 4s <n3clcgc*ch. L IcD ch b*scc )hssunc% dhc+ n"b )*c<n <0)sns.
&9'
dc h.s <n <s lb* < c<ndu"lc 0ul % cu C dc 0h*c s0)b* hn3+ s+ cunb4 s hcchs + s0bdc*h3sc h bhncs ch s"b <n/sngs% 4s h uncs chsh* sc cu/snc s+ <nclsns c+ *c cchlhl + cC *c0+% dhc+ c s+ )+*+sc4 s c< cbdh + 0sDlbcsh ns0c*s + s)*c h )b *s/s ls0bh dc c<n h* h )*udcn3cs&&&. Ch)hcs h c 0ul su)c*sbh*+ db/cdc4 c )u sn3h dc h"3s )*c/cns 4s cb*sDh bhnh% ch*c c b sndss)b.s3sc h cugc ulus% sh* <n3clc) ul *cbusc s+ sc cb0)b* c 2h3+ dc ch ch 4s 2h3+ dc cclc hlc *u)ulus? nu cbndh0ns ss*b)ul c+ c h0h*: b*sc< l"h* hcu.h gus ul bblnh/: Dudcch h cb*cc ch.+: dccs h4h *cbusc s+ )*bccdc.s <n hgs h3sslc su)c*sbh*c. S<n unss h < dc cCccss/ dc ncbb*+.h3s% c+ 0c*cu lc /snc c< c b bhn+% 0c*cu 4chsbh)+ + dc )h s0+% ncsu2c*s3s )cn *u ccs ch*c"s 2*cc/cn ch.+% )+*sn3s /s *cgs hs cbn/c*sh3scs 4s du40hns hs cb*dshls +3ss% s *sc<nd b*scc cls)+ dc bun gus . S<n % dc bbsccs% 0h*s cbn *h.sc+ b*s h b cc"s bun 4s )*b cc b*s dbh* hs )*bs scs: lh b*scc h*gu0cn hu unul cbn *h*% b)un<ndu"sc nu0hsdcc< lh b cc s)unc ccl+lhl % nu0hs )cn *u c+ s"h <n *ccu ? c+cs dhc+ nu lc" h* 2s luh "b <nhsn c% h* 2s *su02h cs <n4s4s cu hcclh4s h*gu0cn ? 4s dhc+ ccl+lhl . dsscc*n+ b* &&7% ccdch.+% bh chsh* *ccc dc )h* ch lb*. ch s+ nu s *scc cbn/cnscn3h% cs *cc nu0hsdcc< dc cch hd/c*s+% d*c) ch*c cch 0hs 0h*c dsscc*nc*c <4s h2l+ d*u0ul scu* h . S<n % 2+*+ <ndbshl+% 0hs dc nclccus dcc< hdc/+*h3ss ncbuns% dcbh*ccc cu hcc4 sh 0c*gc s+ lc c<n3s <n s *un+% dh* cu hccsh c 0hs *+u: nu s<n dc 2blbs db/c.slc *h3sunss% dcbh*ccc% nch/<nd"b% nscs nu b hd0s . Csnc nu c dc)*sns cu 2s*ch hccs b* bh0cns = 4s s<n nh3ss <n *cgs h snsc dc hccs bc c4ug = c us0s lh <ncc)u dc b 0bns *ub.s h c h < dc ncbbs4nus +% dh*% sbnd<ndu"lc cC *h/hghn ul )b* . 2hcc un )*chdcs2+ + b* s)b* % c+cs cu0sn clc scsc cu dss snc3sc dsn b*scc )c scu* + u*h 2slb s0scs. C<nd sc <n <lncsc 4s sc <nchsc*+ <ns+ dbs dc b hccch4s s0)c* sncn3+ )bsb0b*s +% b+*bh ul cu0sn c s+ s ch dc /cghc 4s s+ nu 2hc+ )c sn c*0cdsh*ul% 4s cu <s gh*hn c. ccl 0hs )l+cu *+s s0)% cu cbnds3sh s+"4s hssgu*c )b.s3sh 4s s+ )*s/chsc+% dc lh hd+)bs ul cu0sn3cnscs shlc% hu*ss )*bs scs s *+snc. Dhc+ h*h*cb*s% 4s cu )*ssbs dc )*slcD% <3s /cs )sc*dc cu0)+ ul 4s chsh* s+*s h% nu /h 2s b /ulgh*s h c% c+cs h nu c su)+*h nscsbdh + <nsch0n+ h /bs s+ 2ss dbbs bc 0c*cu% dh* ncs +)<ns*ch )c*)c u+% 4s cu b 2clul dc )c*sbhnc% c b g*bsbl+nsc sn blc*hbsl+. Nc)l+cc*ch )c
&&& &&7

&&6
<n *"hcs sc <nd*u0+ )*c3us*ch: hcclch s<n ss0)lc hccsdcn c% sgnb*h c shu dh c us +*ss% 4s d+snusc *cu4s h. Mhs dcg*hb+% ccch cc su c s"h 2+cu su c sc /h dcs2hcc% 4s sc ss)*+/c4 c *c)cdc% )cn *u c+ h 2bs *c)cdc ss)*+/s . Cu c< 0hs 2*hgc.s cb)sss s+s% cu h < 0hs lcsnc"s <nghs c Sh u*n% sh* ccch cc h*c dc du*h b /c4nscsc h*c dc .+bb/s <nc+ )c"h < h ch s+ sc 2hc+. Dh* dhc+ b*sc+*cs *cu4s c <s dh b*+0 )*c3us*c% s0)*b/s.h b*slb*% h)lhu.c: cs dublch.+ c0sncn3h )*sn )*b0) s udsnc 4s nb*bcs*c. Unss chsb.uscsc 0ul % ch s+ *h c.c 0hs h)bs b ul% sh* hl b*h lc *cu4c4 c b ul 2+*+ h 2s chsb.us <nhsn c. #sbscsunch 0sn3ss su)lsnc4 c )*b2un.s0ch Dudcc+3ss% sh* s)bn hncs h ch b sh <nhsn ch 0cds h3scs. Pcn *u cs nu cCss + <n <0)l+*s nc)*c/+.u c% 2ssndc+ 2sdcls h ch )*b0) s udsnss lb* 3snc lbc dc )*c/cdc*c. S)*sn cnss s<n 0+guls*s hlc bunulus gus % sh* s0)*b/s.h b*ss /*hD+ h us0s*ss% dc hccch s<n h < dc h)lhudhbsls? 0hs bsnc scs 0sDlbcsslc nc)*c0cds h c dcc< su)c*lh s/clc )*cg+ s c dsn s0). Nu s)unch 0ul % dc4s bsnc% ccl cc s)unch? >Ts0)ul 4s cu 0snc% c< <nc+ dbs: ls)sh dc s0) 4s cu 0snc% c< b*sc<3s." &&A Hs h dh s)us+% 4s 0hs /<* bs 2h) +. Csnc .scc s0) .scc b ? s2h ul% )*c/cdc*ch% 0b0cn ul )b *s/s % *+bdh*ch% bh c gh*hn3ss hlc *cu4s cs: dh* s0)*b/s.h3sh sc <nc*cdsn3ch.+ nu0hs )*b0) s udsnss 4s nb*bculus s+u. Du)+ cc )*c/cdc*ch )*c/snc% )*udcn3h hb +*+4 c 4s 0b0cn ul )b *s/s hDu +% sc <n <0)l+ ch *chls.h*ch s+ c4uc.c? dc /*c0c cc% dc unh ssngu*+% b )*b0) s udsnc <4s scbh c lh lu0sn+ *cu4s clc% s+"s h)lhud+0 nb*bcs*ch 4s cu*hDul: *bnc.c *cu4s h uncs hgc*s0s <n 2h3h c4cculus unus h*hss2h . Unss h *sbusc hccs c *cu4s c nu0hs nb*bculus% s"h* c+dch <ns+ 4s uncs )c*s)schcs +3s )*bdsgsbhsc. Dh b* nu sc *ccunbh4 c <ns+ hccs *clsc2 dc c*bs 2h3+ dc h* +: )cn *u b c *ccunbsc+ b* nh u*ss 4s nb*bculus. Nu <nch)c h* s2scsu c<nd 4s luh*ch"h0sn c hbsh c dc hDu b* u4u*sn3cs cbncc)c*ss% c<nd nu c lbc dc cugc h*c: sh* nb*bcul s)bn hncs +3ss% hcblb undc nu h 2bs s0) dc g<nds . Hu b*s h ch <s c dc hDu b* cbn *h s0)hsulus% 4s 2h*0ccul cbn *h ulbu*+*ss% 4s hs 2cl% 2bh* c s +)<n+ )c ds2scul h c 4s )c ssnc% )*b0) s udsnch nu /snc% /cdc 4s <n/sngc% cs <n/sngc% 4s h)bs /cdc 4s /snc. <4s )unc /s/hcs h ch lh <ncc*ch*c <n cclc 0hs g*clc <0)*cDu*+*s% sh* sn clsgcn3h <s hc3sbnch.+ ch <n *"un cbncu*s. B hnhnghsc s)b*c4 c dc bbsccs% lh 2cl ch 4s b ds2scul h c% )c*s)schcs h ch. Unss%
&&A
&&5
)c*h c% chl0ul cu ch*c chsb.ush% dc.sn/bl u*h cu ch*c s+/<*4ch% dcghDh*ch cu ch*c <nhsn h% )*b0) s udsnch cu
ch*c ns0c*ch: c<nd hl3ss d+dchu dsn u0c*s% cl <4s dcs2+cch b*h3clc. Nu cCss hu ch.u*s nc)*c/+.u c )cn *u h cn3sh lus% nscs cbn2u.ss <n /sbscsunch lus% sscussn3h 4s cu0sn3cnsh lu<ndu"s"sc lh <n *ccc*c 4s% chsh* dhc+ lh u*0+ s"h ls)ss nb*bcul% nu 4s 2hs0h&&'. Pcn *u gcnc*hls 4s b*h/s lu) + b*s hccs h c h/hn hDul ccl 0hs 0h*c% )c c< dc u*gcn % )c"h < dc subls0% )cn *u c+ h)*bh)c bh c hc3sunslc lb* s<n s0)*b/s.h3ss% Dh* *chls.+*slc hgc*s0s: )c*scblclc nu sc )b ducc hcblb gh h s udsh c% nscs <n <0)l+*slc )*c/cns c: *cbusc s+ luc*c.s du)+ )*slcD% <n hcchs h cbns <nd *su02ul uncs )*b0) s udsns *cu4s c 4s /sc b*sslc hsu)*h lus. Ch *cgs% s<n 0hs )b *s/s3s *c2lcCs/ss% )cn *u c+ bh c hc3sunslc lb* s<n c c*nc% g<ndcsc )*sn 0ul3s% sc 2blbscsc dc )*udcn3c hDu + bh*c% 4s )cn *u *cu4s h uns/c*shl+ c ncccsh* b ul. Hu s0) 4s )h undc s+ ls sc cbhc+ dccs.sslc% g<ndsnd nb)3s <n *cgs ch s+ ns0c*chsc+ .suh% 4s. <n cclc dsn u*0+% <4s cCc*cs + 0hs 0ul ch)ul dcc< 0<snslc.

/Jbsc*/h3sc )cn *u 4 su b*s% dc4s )cn *u )*b4 s hh.% h 2bs )*cu0blh*ch lus Dsbgcnc &79 cu 2hclh h)*sns+ lh h0sh.+% s *ccu*<ndu"sc )*sn 0ul3s0ch ncnu0+*hbsl+ h uncs s *+.s. H dc/cns us0s*c c<nd% <n *cbh dc cc% *+s)unsc? >Chu bh0cns 4s db*csc s+ <n <lncsc unul% dh* nu"& g+scsc." >P+s hcc4 sh% <s *c)lsch*+ cs% nu s<n bh0cnsO" >Nu% *+s)unsc 2slb.b2ul% 2hndbscls dc bh0cns% dh: bh0cns hdc/+*h3s% nu." H4h cu0 cCss + <n.cs *+*s h)lhudhbslc% cCss + 4s dc2cc c 2bh* c )*bc0sncn c 4s% dhc+ hcclch dbb<ndcsc s s0h cclb* hlc4s% hccs ch
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dss)*c3ul uns/c*shl. Ccl dc 2h3+ c dsn *c cclc 0hs *c0h*chbslc 4s cu hdc/+*h 2hs0bs% 2sc )*sn ssnc% 2sc )*sn sn4ss lh ch*c <l g+sc4 s: cl c h < dc /h*sh % <nc< c hnhlbg% sh* cs h <3sh% <nc< nu )b 2s s)ccs2sch3s. S<n 0ul c 3sn clc *<sulus% sh* hccsh% 2+c<nd )h*hd+% 3sn 0b*3s4 s+ 2sc 4s cs unh% <nc< % )cn *u h sc ds2c*cn3sh dc ccslhl3s bh0cns% u*0ch.+ b ssngulh*s h c cC *h/hghn + 4s b *cs)cc + <n b ul. S<n unss db0ns ch*c h* 4s )l+ s ch s+ )bh + /b*bs cu cch2h% s)*c h nu /b*bs% lh 2cl cu ccslhl3s% cu gu*h 4s. <n *uc< nu c cu )u sn3+% <4s )*c2hc glhsul% ss0ulch.+ bnul c02h sc% sn/cn ch.+ cC)*csss 4s 2blbscsc scu*s /c*bhlc ncs)us dc hh.lss% ch s+ 2sc <n bh c 2clu*slc cC *hb*dsnh*s. Mhs )*csus dc b*scc% <4s 0h* s*s.ch.+ gus ul% scb"3<ndu"4s"& dsn 3<3<ns: c lh 2cl cu hl cclb*lhl3s bh0cns 4s chsh* cu hl hns0hlclb*% dh* cs /b* s+ 4s"& dc.0sn + cu /sblcn3c dc b*sgsnhls h c% ch*c s<n 0hs 0ul )cdch)s+ )cn *u h2cc h*c dcc< <n+l3+*s hlc 0+*c3scs lb*. H* bch lc4sc uncb*s 4s h* l+udh"b ch )c ncc h*: lh gcnc*bsul *cgc hl lscb*slb* *cnun3+ )cn *u h)c 2hn c.ss c cc"3s lhs+ s. dc 0u*sc% sh* cs lc bb ch.+ h0b*b.sc% 4s s<n )c h < dc )lsns dc *+su2l+ u*+% )c c< dc gbs dc gcnc*b.s h c. Sn 2clul hccs h n+scbccsc .slnsc hl c luc*u*s ch s+"4s <0)sng+ 4s 0hs dc)h* c b*sgsnhls h ch% ccch cc lc 4s s.bu c4 c. <n *"hdc/+*% dcbh*ccc% cu0 0hDb*s h ch bh0cnslb* nu g+scsc <n hsc0cnch luc*u*s gus ul hdc/+*h 4s bun+ h ch *chl+ )*bsl+/s c dc cl% nscs nu )b2 csc lh clc% 4s cs *+0<n cu )*b)*sh lb* cC *h/hghn3+% chsh* dhc+ hl3ss b nu0csc s0)c* sncn3+. Cu hccch4s 0+su*+ shu h < dc ls)ss3s dc ch% sc cb0)b* + 4s <n *cs . Dc4s ncccss h ch% bh chsh* gus ul uncb*s% lc dc.0sn c ch)*scsul% b*sc< s"h* s *+dus cs s"b hscund+. Lc )lhcc unh 4s lhud+ hl h% cu0 s s"h <n <0)lh unus 0h*c bc*b s b* hl hccs cs scc c h cCcc)3sslb* 4s ch*c% b<nd dsn *"un /sn *c.s % nu s"h )u u s +)<ns 4s h cCclh0h % .sc<nd? >B% 0ul )*c3sbs ncc h* cc dhs gh h bhlsh0u*s 4s lschsb*u*s% )+ch c+ c4 s h < dc /ulgh*: hs 2s un sdbl hl )*sn3slb*% dhc+ c"h* bch nu0hs csQ" Dc )b0sn+ cs c c+% <n /scsslc /ulgh*c% cs nu sc *u4snch.+ c+ sch0+n+% nu .sc cu ccs 0hs Dbsnscs bh0cns% cs cu <nsc4s hns0hlclc% sh* <n luc*u*s b0cnc4 s /b* s+ ss0ulc.c <nsu4s*s du0nc.csc4 s. Cu 2h) clc c*bscc b*sgsnhls h ch cbnsun+ bsnc% 4s ns0sc nu h *hgc 0hs 0ul + /cnc*h3sc dcc< ss)*+/slc 0+*c3c. <n <n+l3s0ch s)s*s ulus 4s <n g<ndu*slc <nhl c cbns + g*hndbh*ch. Nu cCss + nbblc3c ch hccch h sns0ss% ch*c nscsbdh + nu chdc <n Dbsnscsc. #s*"
u ch c *+s+ u*+ h c*bscs +3ss% cu ch*c ds2c*cn3h cbnsun+ 2bh* c bsnc. Su/c*hnss *cbusc s+"4s duc+ /sh3h cu h h*c s *+lucs*c dc <n.cs *+*s% cu hsc0cnch s)lcndbh*c dc /s* u3s% <nc< % dhc+ s clclc dsn cc*% )+*+ssndu"4s s2c*clc cclcs c% h* cbbb*< s+ lbcushsc+ )*sn *c nbs% nu h* *+s hl 0sn c*s dcc< cs &7&. Lh cc 2blbs 0s*cs0clc dc h0b*+% dhc+ duhbh*ch 0b*h/u*slb* lc dc.0sn cO T*u)ul 4s"& )b <0b+ls+0h c< /b*% dh* nu s0b* hls.h su2lc ul. Nu c 0s*bs ch hcclh hl bunulus nu0c% nscs 0s*chs0+ ch hccch h 2hs0cs% ch*c sc ss0 c dc lh 0h*c dss hn3+. <s *ccbn2b* ch.+ )c h cn3s 4s lhs+ )*sn ch *ul lu0ss d<*+ dc h)lhu.c% d+snusnd /chcu*s <n *cgs. Dh* h4h cu0 hcchs + ncsu2c*s + h2cc h*c% )c ch*c b3s cu0sn3ss b 2lusc*+% )c unss <s 2hcc dc cs hbsls 4s chsh* snhbb*dhbsls% b h4h )c hl3ss <s 2hcc b*sgsnhls 2h) ul c+ nu /b* s+ 2sc 4s <nc+ 4s 0hs )u3sn s+ )h*+ hs 2cl. Hccs 2cl dc /sh3+ cbn2b*0 )*hc scss% b hcb0bdh*c cu bbs4nus ul% b <0bsnh*c h g*h/s +3ss cu b0cncscul l"hu 2+cu h < dc h)lhudhbsl )c cCcclcn sss0ul cbn c dc Hguslh* 4s 0h*chs. dc lh HsnbDbsh% hl dbslch 0cccnh hl
nb.s *u&77. Sc hdh) h u u*b*h% 4s hs 2cl c*h subs dc b3s% <nc< )<n+ 4s du40hnss l"hu h)lhudh /su 4s l"hu )l<ns 0b* . S"h0 hu.s )c 0ul3s 4s 2bh* c cu0sn3s s)un<nd dcs)*c cl? >Hccs h 4 sc cu hdc/+*h s+ 2sc db0n 2+*+ 2hndbscls"% /b*b+ /*cdnsc+ dc un c*bu h < dc 0h*c.
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Cs c 4s hl sbs dsn *"hcc4 sh% ch*c nu s<n bh0cns% cs 0hs dcg*hb+ 2hndbss3s% dcbh*ccc% dhc+ ccs dsn <s s<n su)+*+ b*s% hcc4 sh s<n 4s *sdscbls: c /b*bh% .sc% dc ccs cc /b* s+ sc dcbscbchsc+ )*sn 2clul dc h sc <0b*+ch 4s s+ 2sc b*sgsnhls <n )b* : dc cs + b cc c )*hc sc 4s h*h + un sbs dc hn s)h sc 2h3+ dc u.: lc )lhcc s+ sc 3sn+ du)+ 0bdh /cchc% *c<nnbsnd scncc u3s. S<n hl3ss ch*c <n S)hnsh sc <0b*hc+ 2*hn3u.c4 c% 4s <n K*hn3h s)hnsblc4 c: nu ls)scsc unss ch*c )lchc+ <n ch0)hnsc cu gulc* )lssh % sh* lh cu* c cu gulc* /hlbn% 2+c<nd hs 2cl )c 0hsch*hgsss /cs s3s% ch 4s cu0 .c2lc0chuh h* h/ch nc/bsc dc 2h*sc. Nscsbdh + nu *cbusc s+ dhs 0b s/ dc *<s nscs 0+ch* unus cb)sl% cu h < 0hs )u3sn b+*bh3slb* cu0sn3s 4s Dudscsb4s: dh* s<n 0ul3s ccs cc"4s )un )h*c+ bh + )*scc)c*ch lh b+ hsc ch s+ dch 0b s/c dc *<s 4s ch*c sc s *+duscsc s+ <n/csclchsc+ b<*2clslc. Zsuh <n ch*c nu h)h* cu /*cb b*sgsnhls h c *s.sbsl+ ls sc )h*c gbhl+: dh* cc s"h* 2hcc bh*c .c2lc0chuh unb*h 2+*+ 2hndbschlh cclb*lhl3sO Unclc /scss cbns s usc 0h c*sh hl b*h? <n 2clul hccs h% )*bs sh c nu *c3 hl 0u*0u*+*ss. Dh* dhc+ b*sgsnhls h ch 2*s/bl+ dsn cbhDh /c40<n ulus c bbscc dc bh Dbcu*+% cc s+ .scc0 dc cch l+un *sc+% hdsc+ h cugc ulusO S<n unss c+*b*h nh u*h )h*c h lc 2s )us gus ul 4s 0sn ch )c dbs% sh* cs 2hc )h*hd+ dc hs h nu0hs ch s+ nu u*0c.c cu*cn ul% bs.h*s <n cugc h*c% )h*hdbChls <n gus u*s 4s hnb*0hls <n b ul? c+cs cch 0hs 0h*c 2hndbschl+ c 2+*+ dbh* 4s )bh c cch h sn clcc ulus. Hl3ss <4s )lhsch.+ ch)*scsul <n *"b h*bghn3+ cu b ul dc4h* +% n+scu + dsn *"b 2hn c.sc ncbunchsc+ 4s c+) u4s + cu )*bs sc: hs 2cl% ss0ulch.+ b g*h/s h c su)+*+ bh*c <n bh c 4s cu b3s% <nc< )h* h c bnb*h cu b )*s/s*c h*unch + 4s h"3s /b*bs dbh* dsn 0sl+. S<n nh3ss <n *cgs h snsc dc bhnh hs h? sh* dhc+ 4s nu0hs )cn *u unul ch cs *<sul nu )bh c 2s s +)<ns % cc /h 2s <n *"b 0ul3s0c h < dc *sdscbl+O Ksc /b*bs*ch cu Dudcch +% luc*h*ch cu )b *s/s*c% 0b*h/u*slc sc*sbhsc% hc3sunslc c*bscc? c+cs hs h"& 2hcc )c un b+*bh /cnc*hbsl% sh* nu )*c.u03sslc 2hn hs scc. Dsscu*sul hccs h c*s sc nscs nu /c4 cDc4 c hdc/+*h h sc*sb.s h c% 0c*cu h cn + lh cu/ssn3h sh? c/s h*ch 2h0slsh*s +3ss% )+s *h*ch 2lb*ss *cs)cc ulus 4s% ch <n cshcul chsculus cs&76% )*c3us*ch. Bs<ndc4 c <ns+% dcssgu*% cCccsul dc b*sgsnhls h c dc4h* +% cc s2<*4c4 c bh + <n s2bsc snu slc.
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HUTBRUL? Nb hbsl+ csud+3cnsc cch h )c*4slb*% s+ nu /bshsc+ h"4s /cdch 2sss )<n+ nu <0)lsnchu 4h) c hns. Nscs chsh* d*hgbs ch )h c*n+% ch*c% 2+*+ <ndbshl+% c cch 0hs 0h*c% nu c*h dc hDuns ch s+ dc.0sn + shu 0+ch* s+ hscund+ cusu*u*slc cb)sl+*scs bbs4nus c. Nu"s sbcb chu cb)ss hs lb* )<n+ cc nu"s /cdchu cugc <nd. CHNBNSCUL? P+s dhc+ un h + nu"& )bh c su2c*s )c un 2su sgnb*hn 4s h4 ch) + /*c0c dc 4h) c hns )*ch2*u0bhsh *h3sunc s)*c h"& )*s0s hl+ u*s dc ssnc gh h ch)hbsl% cc c dc 0s*h*c dhc+ un b+*bh )*scc)u nu )bh c blc*h )c un )*bs s *+sn 4s"& <ndc)+* ch.+ dc sn s0s h ch"s cul +O HUTBRUL? Dc4s h < dc )*c/+.+ bh*c% nh u*h nu"4s ducc b)c*clc lh dcs+/<*4s*c <nc+ dsn )*s0h .s% nccu0 h* h
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c% c+cs bh c <ncc)u u*slc luc*u*slb* s<n 0scs% chsh* 4s hlc cclb* 2bh* c 0h*s% 4s dbh* )u3sn c< c )u3sn hDungc0 lh 0ul ul 0ul hl 2ssn3cs )c*2cc c. Luc*u*slc ch*c hDung *c)cdc lh dcs+/<*4s*c /hlb*ch.+ )u3sn 4s d+snusc 4s 0hs )u3sn: b 2lbh*c su c sc 2hcc 4s su c sc dcs2hcc% dh* un dsh0hn % ch*c h .+bb/s )<n+ s"h 2b*0h % hs)s*+ s+ 2sc /c4nsc. HUTBRUL? K+*+ <ndbshl+ c+ hcclh4s luc*u sc <n <0)l+ 4s cu bh0cnss% ch*c nu sc )b0cncsc 2+cu3s dsn *"b dh +. Sc )c*2cc3sbnch.+ dc lh b .s lh hl h% 2s.sc 4s 0b*hl dcb)b *s/+% )<n+ cc hDung lh <n *cgs*ch db*s + h bunulus ss03&7B% lh 0h u*s h ch gus ulus 4s lh dcs+/<*4s*ch uncs b+*bh3ss <0)lsns c. CHNBNSCUL? C cc/h h < dc ssgu*% <nc< lh 2scch*c )hs b /cdc0 4s b /c4 cDs0 lh unss% cc 4 su 4s g<ndcsc cu hdc/+*h % dh* sc cunbh4 c c+ <nc+ nu s<n dcs+/<*4s3s% c+ <nc+ lc ls)sc4 c cc/h% uncb*s chsh* cc c 0hs bun: 4s s<n 4s hscs u*cu4u*s 4s cbbb*<4u*s% c+cs 4s sn cnss h ch dsscc*n+ bh*c 0c*gc <n *c) c. Unss s<n lh <ncc)u dc b <n )*scc)c*c% dh* sc /b* 2b*0h. Hl3ss s<n 0hs h/hnsh3s <n b ul% sh* unss hu 4s hDuns lh <0)lsns*ch <n.cs *+*slb*? c nc/bsc dc 0ul ch s+ dc/ss b+*bh <n *u b ul dcs+/<*4s . HUTBRUL? Lh 2cl% h4 s)unc cu% cu0 c bun+ gcnc*bhsh lscbh*c% 4s cu h < 0hs 0ul dhc+ /snul c bun? h*c% lh <ncc)u % b dulcch3+ h*c nc)l+cu +% h hs)*s0c ncsu2c*s +% nc2ssnd <nc+ 2+cu : dh*% du)+ cc <ncc)c s+ 2sh*b+% <ncc)c s+ sc cu*c3c% <4s )sc*dc cu s0)ul c*uds h ch dsn <s% <4s cb*cc ch.+ dulcch3h su)+*+ bh*c 4s dbb<ndc4 c b nbblc3c )*chsuh/+% cc 0+gulc4 c )<n+ 4s )*sn culbh*c 4s h *hgc cu )h*2u0ul% sh* c<nd sc 4s h2l+ <n h)bgcu% cs c h*hn+ )cn *u bh0cns% 4s chsh* ncc h* )*bsl+/s . D*c) ch*c <n3clcg dc cc 4s"hu s0hgsnh bh0cnss c+ Su)s c* 4s &"h /<*< )c 2ccsb*h4ul s+u lc)+dh % Bhcchus% nu <n gu*+% su)+*+ b* )cn *u gus )*sn ncdcs+/<*4s*c% cs <n gcnunchs% c*csc*ul )+s *<ndu"4s"& )cn *u Phlhs cch dsscc*n+ bh*c. CHNBNSCUL? <n chs)ul hccs h% <n chsu)ul 2*hgsl hl *u)ulus sc dcs+/<*4c4 c cugc ul )c .s cc *ccc. Nu hDungc cu*<nd <n h)bgcu. Lh <ncc)u hu b3s bh0cnss b su)+*+ bh*c dulcch3+ h cb)sl+*scs% b c*uds h c nc)l+cu + h snc*c3ss? hccl s. hl dcs2+ +*slb*% hcch h)lcch*c s)*c luc*u*s ncsc*sbhsc% <ndclc nscs*s Du/cnslc% bcu)h3ss 2*s/blc: 4s chsh* dhc+ uncb*s% lh unss% 0h u*s h ch c hn scs)h +% sc cunbh4 c c+ c <nhsn c dc /*c0c du)+ s+*bc.chl+. Lh hl3H% sc*sb.s"
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HUTBRUL? H4hdh*% un *cgc sc 2hccO CHNBNSCUL? Dh% nu sc nh4 c gh h 2+cu % 0h*c bbscc hl )*udcn3cs 4s hl cC)c*scn3cs% c+cs c nc/bsc dc b 0sc dc )c*2cc3suns ch s+ hDung+ lh b h < dc 0h*c <0)lsns*c. Un gcnc*hl sc 2hcc cu )*c3ul s<ngclus s+u 4s hl cclb*lhl3s% un b*h b* du)+ 0ul s udsu 4s cCc*cs3su: )<n+ 4s un 0cdsc% ch*c% ch s+"& scbhlc )c unul dsn )h % h /<*< b su + <n 0b*0<n . Tb3s sc 2hc *c) h % )<n+ cc hDung <n h)bgcul dcs+/<*4s*ss lb*. HUTBRUL? s <n *cb? hccs h)bgcu lh ch*c hDung *+0<nc 2sCO CHNBNSCUL? Hs h c nc2c*scs*ch ncs h b*nscscs nbhs *c. Nu cCss + 2c*scs*c% )cn *u c+ nu cCss + nscs b s ch 2sC+% dc lh lun+ <n Dbs: nu c s h*c% cs nccbn cns + schs0bh*c <n b ul. Bh c*c4 c*c% bh dcsc*c4 c*c% nu0hs schs0bnbss*c dc"h < h schs0bh*c. HUTBRUL? H4hdh*% 0b*hlul u*0ch.+ nh u*hlul 4s dcchd cu /<*s h 0c0b*sh 4s chsh* sn clcc ulO CHNBNSCUL? Dh. 4s bc0hs dc"hccch c bsnc s+ )*sn.s b ul lh 0b0cn ul )b *s/s 4s s+ <n/c3s h c bucu*h dc luc*u*s <n h)bgcul lb*% 4s cu h < 0hs 0ul dc b+*bh3ss )*scc)u3s. HUTBRUL? Dc 0ul c c nc/bsc ch s+ hDungs lh cul0ch )c*2cc3sunslb* 4s <n.cs *+*slb*. CHNBNSCUL? Mhs <n <s csb0+gc4 c #ulchn&75% du)+ ch*c cbn *sbusc 4s .cul: )c hh <*u*slc nh u*ss sc h4h.+ bsnc cul u*h% hdsc+? s<*gusn3h lh <n/+3+ u*+ 4s 2*cc/cn h*ch nc<n *c*u) + h <n3clc)3slb*% 2sc 0b*3s% <n c+*3slc lb*% 2sc /ss% <n cbn/c*sh3sh lb*? cC)c*scn3h ssgu*+% bbsc*/h3sh Dudscsbhs+% 0<nus*ch dc subscc c subls0c% /h*sc h ch sluDbclb*. Tbh c hccs c luc*u*s cbn *sbusc lh bb3snc*ch unus b0 dcs+/<*4s % b+*bh dc)lsn 4s )c*2cc % )c ch*c"& )b3s cunbh4 c du)+ *cu4s h Dudcc+3ss% 0h u*s h ch gus ulus: /b*bc4 c cu h cn3sc% luc*ch.+ cu c0cs% <n3clc) <n s)usc% cu0sn c <n 2h) c% ccn *u hl b*sc+*cs )c*2cc3suns. HUTBRUL? Hcu0 .sc c+ nu c dcs ul+ h)*ccsc*c )cn *u un b0 <n h)bgcu. CHNBNSCUL? C c<4 sg% nu dbh* h)*ccsc*c% s+ 3s"& chu3s d*c) )*sc cn% s+ 3s"& h *hgs d*c) s2+ us b*% s+"& <ndh b*c.s ch )h *bn 4s s+"& s0)lb*s ch 0hcs *u.
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nu c hl cc/h dcc< un 0b*0hn g*bsblhn 4s sndsgcs % sc<*bsnd b*sch*c bun gus : luc*u*slc bsnc b*dbnh c% )c l<ng+ 2h) ul c+ bucu*+ )*sn dc.sn/bl u*+% dcs2h + )*sn h*0bnsh lb*. Jhlnsc .+d+*nscs + h* *+0<nc bunh hlcgc*c h luc*u*slb*% dhc+ 0hs h)bs b bh*bh*+ dc.b*dsnc lc"h* 2hcc s+ c4uc.c% 4s c )+ch ch b cc ls s"h* 2s cu/cns ch cCcclcn c 4s hlcsc s+ sc )sh*d+ dsn )*scsnh uncs bh*bh*ss sncul c. <n /hn s"hu bs cns sn/cn3sh subls0+ h cbncc) clb*% sub sls h ch dsscu*su*slb*% s<*gusn3h s udsbhs+ <n /h*sh h 4s hlchsh c*uds3sc% dhc+ 0hs h)bs b s0)c* sncn + ncb*<ndushl+ s+*bc".c4 c b ul. P<n+ 4s b s2sn3cnsc *cbusc s+ 2sc <0)bdbbs +% c+cs cds2sc+ dublu c<nd sc <n2*+3c4 c cu b )sbhs+ u*bhns h c. H0bclc hs)cc c h 4 su s+ lc <0bsnc <n chs) su)c*sb* hccl 0h*c )h *sh*h h*hsc)sscb) hl #hlcncscs% dbn Juhn dc
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Cul u*h *b0hn+ 4s cbn/cnscn3h sc <n *cc <ns+ )c ssnc <n b)c*clc nc0u*s bh*c hlc sc*ss b*slb* lb* )*bdsgsb4s. Hcblb s *+luccsc sngcnsb.s h ch cclb* cc sc*su 4s /*cdnscsh cclb* dcs)*c ch*c sc sc*sc% /s cDsh cugc clb* unb*h lu<ndu"sc lh <n *ccc*c cu cch h sngcnsb.s +3slb* cclb*lh3s. Unclc )*b/sncss )+s *ch.+ <ns+ hcchs + <0)bdbbs*c 0b4 cns +% 4s <n cch 0hs 0h*c 0+su*+ cul h S hlsc% <n chls h c dc ccn *u hl s0)c*sulus. Tbh c b*h4clc cs s<n <0)bdbbs c% h < <n c<*0us*ch )bls sc+% )*ccu0 4s <n cch ccbnb0sc+. <n S)hnsh% <ng*sDs*ch db0nc4 c 0hs 0ul )*sn *c )c*sbhnc dcc< <n lh u*h 0h c*shl+ h b*h4clb*% nu )cn *u c+ h* 2s dc 0hs 0h*c lhud+% c+cs bh*bh*sh% 4s <n 0sc% b bh*bh*sc 4s dss)*c3us + cs c. <n K*hn3h% <0)bdbbs*ch h*c h < h *ccc*c% <nc< dc/snc clcghn3+% 4s hnu0c <n nbblc3c. S<n )*c3us c h* clc% s<n /cnc*h c ls c*clc? 2slb s0sh% cu* cnsh. dsscc*nc*ch% b ul c <n h)bgcu. Ccs 0hs nbbsls sc 0<nd*csc h 2s ccs 0hs 4 su b*s 4s 0hs cs s3s? c+cs ns0sc nu"s cul s/+ 0hs 0ul )c bh0cns dcc< <n/+3+ u*h. P*sn *c 0ul3s b+*bh3s c0sncn3s s *+lucc4 c h.s )*bdsgsbsul K*hncsscb Kslhbl&6(% )*cb 4s )*cb dc *<nd<n s2<n h 4s 0c *b)bls hnh bssc*sc+ S2. c2hn dsn Tbulbusc% b+*bh cu b h < h <ngcnsb.s h c c< 4s gus % du)+ cu0 b db/cdcsc cclc dbu+ bsblsb ccs hlc shlc% )*s0h% h b)c*clb* )*b)*ss% sh* h dbuh. h cclb* s *+snc. Ksss +s s<n )l+cc*ch 4s 2blbsul? c+cs dhc+ <n *"b g*+dsn+% ccch cc 0+gulc4 c ccl 0hs 0ul % du)+ bunh clcc3sunc h )lhn clb* 4s 2lb*slb*% c dss)unc*ch lb* ns0c*s +% cu c< bh*c% <n g*+dsnh cugc ulus% /b* bsnc0c*s h 0hs 0ul gus ul% 0s*chs0h s)usclb* 4s 2slb s0sh 2h) clb*% *clsc2h c dc cul u*+O Sc <n <lncsc bh0cns 2s*csc <0)bdbbs3s% <n ch.ul c+*b*h g+ chlh )h*c h 2s nu g*sD+% cs )u c*c: nu"4s <ng+dusc nscs
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nscs *+u +3ss% nscs sgnb*hn3cs% hccch 2ssnd )<*< bh*c% sh* hcchs h snch)hbsl+. C<nd <ns+ )*sn *"un su)*c0 nb*bc sc <n <lncsc dbs dsn *"hcc4 sh 4s <4s <0)+* +4csc )+*c*s% c*s scs% *h3sbnh0cn c 4s cunb4 sn3c% sc cu/snc ch un hsc0cnch c/cns0cn s+ 2sc <nsc0nh cu b )sh *+ )*c3sbhs+ 4s <nchsnh Mu.clb*% G*h3sslb* 4s Msnc*/cs. Hcchs + dsscc*nc*c nscs nu c dbh* s)cculh s/+% cs 2bh* c )*hc sc+% <n s)ccshl <n ch.ul cclb* h2lh3s lh c<*0us*c% )cn *u c+ lh lu0snh cs dcscb)c*+ hlcn clc )cn *u sluDbc% sbndch.+ ch)hcs +3slc )cn *u dss *sbus*c% 0+sbh*+ )u c*slc 2scc+*ush )cn *u )*b2cssc 4s c<n +*csc 0c*s clc )cn *u *+s)lh +% shu )ulsul 2s*slb* 4s sngcnsb.s +3slb*% unclc ch s+ 2sc dc)h* c% hl clc h)*bh)c% 4s dss)un b ul% 2ssndc+ <n3clcg b ul. Hlcg cu h* +% nu lh <n <0)lh*c: dcscb)c*+ nu0hsdcc< *clsc2u*slc 4s dc2cc clc 2scc+*us sns% c0sncn3h shu 0cdsbc*s h ch% ccch cc h* )u ch 2s 0hs 0ul 4s ccch cc 0hs )u3sn. Nu <nch)c hscs )sbhsh h2cc3sunc% c+cs 0hs <n <s c hdcc/h*ch: nu )h s0h% nscs h0+gs*ch. cclc dbu+ /cs s c s <ncs hscunsc hlc *cu4s clb*% c+cs dhc+ hcchs h <nsch0n+ h c h0+gs% hccch <nsch0n+ h /bs s+ c h0+gc4 s. Tb dchunh )*chsn cg*s Dudcc+ b*s hs *h3sunss% ch*c 2+*+ bchs /+d 0hs 0ul % 4s 2+*+ 0<sns h sng 4s )s)+sc b ul. Mh*c 2c*scs*c c lsbc* h ch dc Dudcch +% )c ch*c n"b s*hnsscsc nscs sgnb*hn3h bb4 chsc+% nscs sl+bscsunch s)ccshl+: bh + c h hdc/+*ulus% dc4s uncb*s% )cn *u ssgu*hn3+ 4s d*hgbs c% /*ch s+"& hd+)bs chsc+ <n hl h*ul sn s0s +3ss shlc% )+s *<ndu"s hsnh )cn *u ch. Pc l<ng+ 2h) ul c+ c dcs2+ + bh*c% c+cs <n *"hdc/+* h4h cs c hcchs + 0h*c cu)*sndc*c h luc*u*slb*% 4s <nc+ 0hs 0ul h sn4slb* h ch.u*slb* 4s chu.clb*% h c2cc clb* 4s h2cc clb*% c 4s 2blbss bh*c. Cch 0hs dc sch0+ <ndclc nscs*c 4s chsh* g*sD+ h cs cs c s+ dss"cch*n+ <n *c dsscc*n+ b*s 4s )*b4 s% ssngulh*s 4s /ulgh*s% )cn *u hlcgc*ch sn s0slb*: c+cs h4h cu0 cch 0hs bun+ s *h hgc0+ lh Dbcul dc c+*3s c h 4 s s+ schs0bs c+*3slc% b h4h cch 0hs 0h*c *cgul+ h /sc3ss c h 4 s s+ *cnun3s."
212 DSSCCRNTBRUL

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<n ls c*c% bh chsh* sub )sclch /s* u3ss: 4s dc/snc 2h0slsh*+ )<n+ 4s cu ccs h)*bh)c c*bs% dh* ch*c cu hdc/+*h nu s<n % dcbh*ccc cu )u3sn <4s u0)lu gu*h 4s s b0hcul% ncbbs4nus cu 0h*s <0buc+ u*s hlc sb*3ss &(A. Khc h*c 0ul )c hc s/ss bc0hs ccs ch*c hu 0hs )u3snc 0b s/c: 0c*g lh /<n+ bh*c dc )*slcDu*s 4s lc cChgc*ch.+: dc4s luc*u*slc /hlb*ch.+ 0hs )u3sn dcc< ns0sch% cs lc lhud+ )cs c )bh c. Khc dsn bh c 0ss c* cu )bndc*c% 4s dsn b*scc 0scs0c 2hc ulus*c. Tbh c hlc lb* s<n cclc 0hs g*b.h/c dsn lu0c% bh c hc3sunslc lb*% 0h*s ss)*+/s: /sh3h lb* <n *chg+ s + <n 0snuns% sh* <n <0)l+*slc lb*% 0s*hcblc hlc sb*3ss 4s subscc c hlc 2hs0cs. Lh cs nu c ns0sc bbs4nus % bh c s<n cCcc)3ss dc cu*hD% 4 ssn3+ 4s nb*bc? ch0clcbns hs h)lhu.clb*% b2c*snd u u*b*h sndsgcs ss dc *<s. Tb dchunh h 2bs )*bs chsc+ b*scc <n2u0u*h*c% dh* l+ud+*b4cnsh c sn blc*hbsl+. B+*bh3ss cu0sn3s n+.uscsc 0hs dcg*hb+ s+ 2sc dcc< s+ )h*+ 0h*s. Hcc4 sh sc 0ul3u0csc nu0hs cu h)h*cn3h% h4h <nc< lh cs /bsn3h dc h )+*ch nu c db/hd+ dc subls0s h c% cs% ds0)b *s/+% dc /c*s hbsl+ 0scs0c? c+cs b*scc luc*u ls s"h )+*u 0ul .
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&(A &(5
2hc 0hs 0ul + .h*/+ )cn *u b h/cn u*+ <nchs)us + dcc< *+.bbsnscul 4s nb*bcbsul 0h*chs. dc Tb**ccusb &(8 )cn *u b s *+)ungc*c h *hn4cclb* lh Kucn c**hbsh% )cn *u b dcs)*csu*h*c h Pc*)sgnhnulus 4s )cn *u <n2*<ngc*ch lh c<0) dcschss% dc h < ch b*s% h b*h/clb* 4s nu0c*bhsclb* b4 s*s 2*hncc.c. Hl3ss sc h*h + g*b.h/s 0sns4 *s% ss0ul<nd .cl 4s bcu)h3ss% 0h*s bh0cns gh h s+ 2hc+ b dchunh ch. dsn nbn"ch.: )cn *u cs nu cCss + chu.+ 0+*un +? dsn 2s*c dc )*h2 s <*ncsc 2u* uns 4s dsn 0+*un3s4u*s .gb0b 0h*c: sc dhu 2bh* c bcu)h3s% hh sh3s dc bdshn+ 4s *+gh.: /b*bcsc 0ss c*sbs: <n 2scch*c gcs shu schs0+ <nchsd b )*b2un.s0c% <n *c cCclh0h3ss 4s *c3snc*s? h4h <nc< )un <n 0s4ch*c 0hs 0ul c 0h4sn+*ss dcc< 0c4 c4ugul lus Juhnclb &('% cu b h < h .gb0b 4s 2blbs )u3sn. Hl3ss u0bl+ cc*4snd ss)*+/s% 2u*nscu3c hlc bnbh*cs% ch*c% lh un ssngu* g*+un c% cc dcscb*s nu"s dcc< un )hs. *hg 0hs hhb nscs 4s 0hs <nc<n h3s dcc< /*cdnscclc sc)c *b h c <nh+0h c lh ch*ul .cs3cs Cc*cs% c/hd*sgh s *+lucs*ss: 4s c <n *u b ul b cb0)b* h*c dc g+sn+ s+ cb cbd+cc4 s bh + .suh 4s )<n+ lh u*0+ s+ 2hcs un bu. S hu s+ nhsc+ 0un3s *u2h4s 4s u02lh3s 4s lch)+d+ h)bs un 4bh*ccc *sdscbl &B9. Mh*c ds2c*cn3+ cs c <n *c hc s/s 4s h2c*h3s% bh chsh* b)b.s3sc% )cn *u c+ hccsh% cu c< lc c 0hs 0h*c c0sncn3h% cu h < h 2hc 0hs )u3sn+ )h*hd+ dc ch: sc 0ul3u0csc cu 2+cu ul 4s lhs+ hl b*h /b*bs ul% sh* dhc+ nu% /b*bcsc dcs ul luc*u*slc ssngu*c. C+cs dhc+ un Cc.h* s"h cb0cn h )c ssnc <nsu4s% 0bdcs sh lus s"h dc)+4s /hlbh*ch% n"h <nd*+gs lhudh dc ssnc% cs hdc/+*ul. Hccsh"4s d+*uscsc ss)*+/slc% hcc4 sh 4s lc /<nd% 4s chsh* lc scu0)csc% n+scbcsnd 0sD"
&(8
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hu un dsntc... prsntrc dsns6 Cchs/hl+0% 2blbssnd cC)*csss *b01nc4 s hsc0+n+ bh*c% Dbcul dc cu/sn c dsn b*sgsnhl? >nb Scs cn *h dc lbs dscn cs hdcn *b lh sgnb*hncsh% hss cb0b Scs shlc dc sbsbs lbs dscn cs h2uc*h lh h2cc hdh hlhbhn.h". &B7 nu "hs crh trsu"k, cs p!rcrsc6 <n hccs )hshD% H* u*b dcl Hb!b /cdc unh dsn hlu.sslc dc )*b cs su*d 4s s*s h s *ccu*h c dc G*hcs1n
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?s bh0cns h )l+s0us nh u*h% ncnb*bcs*ch s"h *cdus lh nscs unul: dsb+csh h 2+cu h)bs unul dsn ccs dbs. Hcclh h b*bs % hccs h h blbgs % 4s hu *+0hs dc )*ssbs h0<hdbs. H /cns h* h% chc0h + dc nc/bsc% 4s lc"h b2c*s lchcul sub 2b*0h hDu b*+*ss hl c*nh s/c% h dc)cndcn3cs *ccs)*bcc. >Tu% b*bulc% <s s)usc ch% <0)*u0u +"s blbgulus )scsbh*clc% sh* u% blbgulc% <0)*u0u +"s b*bulus bchss." S"hu <n/bs 4s s"hu /+.u lccus3s. Ccl ch*c h/ch )scsbh*c &"h luh <n c<*c+ )c hcclh ch*c"s d+dch bchss% 4s"& c+l+u.ch ccl ch*c h/ch bchs )c ccl ch*c"s <0)*u0u h )scsbh*clc. Hccs h <l nu0ch )c ccl+lhl h lhn ul s+u% sh* hcclh )c hccs h cc*ul s+u. Un b+*bh chsb.us /+.u hccs )*bdsgsu dc dsb+csc 4s% lu<nd h0sn c lh cl 4s *</nsndu"& )cn *u b c0blc0+ sngcnsbhs+% <n *cb+ snsss cn csnc <l ducc )c csnc. s s sc *+s)unsc <n 2clul hccs h? = Tb h < h nc/bsc h*c dslsgcn h dc sn clsgcn3+% ch 4s sn/c*s. Unh 2+*+ cchlhl + /hlb*ch.+ )u3sn% sh* <0)*cun+ )b 0ul . Hcchs h cCccu + )*b0) b cc 0cds ch.+ hccch% <ncch +% 4s b cCccu3sc s<*gus bh*c <ncunun+ *cu4s clc uncs h cn3ss bsnc sn cn3sbnh c. H0 0hs /+.u bh0cns 2bh* c s<*gusncsb4s% 2+u*s b*s dc luc*u*s 0h*s% cC)cds s/s% )lsns dc c2schcs h c% dh* dclbc sn clsgcn3s: 4s dcs)*c unul dsn *"<n4ss h s)us *cccn un c*s sc% /+.<nd cu0 <s l+udhu hl3ss dslsgcn h% c+ dhc+ ccl cu )*scsn+ h* 2s lh 2cl dc sn clsgcn )c c< c dc dslsgcn % h* 2s 2+*+ <ndbshl+ un 0h*c 0snss *u hl 0bnh*hulus cclus 0h*c. Hccs b*h ssngu*s <ns+ nu ls sc )bh c <nc*cdsn3h ns0sch% dcbh*ccc *sscul ccl 0h*c s + <n .b*ul lb*: g*c4csc su c% dhc+ s<n l+sh3s% 4s"4s 2blbscsc bh + c2schcs h ch <n ncchsb.usn3c: nu <nsch0n+ c+
&B6 &B(
ss)*+/csc *cbu*slc% cs c+ ss)*+/csc cu clc% <nc< )h*c c+ gbncsc cu chs dc )b4 + dc"h gh h% ch s+ dch gh h&BB b ul% 2+*+ h c+dch /*cbdh + dc )c )*bs sh lb*. Hh.ul cs c c+% <n gcnc*hl% ccs dc ch)h lb* u*+sc s2h ul 4s"& schs0b+ )c hc3sunc. C b )h s0+ h )*b4 slb* s+ 2sc 2bh* c dslsgcn3s% )cn *u c+ nc4 ssnd dc hb)u*s% sc <nhh0+ 2+*+ g*sD+ lh b)u*s&BA% gbncsc 2ssndc+ nu g<ndcsc 4s% cu0 nu bbsc*/+ ns0sc% nu bbsc*/+ nscs c+ nu bbsc*/+? csnc nu h*c bchs dc /+.u <s /h h/ch 4s 0hs )u3sn ch s+ sc /hd+ )c ssnc. S<n sn4s buns s+ 2sc cbndu4s% dcbh*ccc cCccu + cu 0snunh + dslsgcn +% dh* nu 4s s+ cbnduc+% dcbh*ccc g<ndcsc *+u 4s hlcg 4s 0hs *+u% )b scnsndu"sc 0c*cu <n ncchsb.usn3c. S<n bh0cns dc bh c 2s*slc% unss ch )*s0s% hl3ss ch sccun.s. Nu c <ns+ un ncnb*bc 0hs 0sc ccl hl uncs 0h*s sn clsgcn3c 2+*+ )u sn3+ dc h cCccu h? s sc b2slcsc <n )lsn+ 2lbh*c succcsclc cbncc)u c% )cn *u c+ lc"h cu)*sns <nghc3ul uncs nchb +*<*s 4s% b dh + )sc*du + s)c*hn3h cs 0s*cs0h +% c4uch.+ )*sn dcl+sh*c. Unss *c.bl/+ cu nc<n *ccu bun ss03% dcc*c ch.+ cu hlcgc*c h)lhudhbsl+ 4s sc )sc*d h)bs lh )unc*ch <n 2h) % *h <ndu"4s cCcclcn3h Dudcc+3slb* )*sn snc2schcs h ch sndblcn3cs lb*: )b*ncsc bsnc 4s s hu )*bs % 2ssndc+ s hu dc"h bsnclch: cugc + 0ul % 4s hs h"s b ul: Dudcc+% 4s chsh* h)*ccsh.+ cc sc cu/snc% dh*% dsn *"b u4bh*+ l<ncc".chl+ <n 2+) us*c% duc b ul dc *<)+. S<n hl3ss )u3sn sn c*csh3s bc0hs dc ccch cc c 0hs s0)b* hn 4s )hssbnh3s dc ccch cc cs c 0hs nc)b *s/s % hDung<nd chsh* s+"4s hn s)h s.c.c bblsgh3sh? c+cs nu b dchunh 2s*ch 4s sluDbh sc h*0bns.ch.+: 4s% d<nd dc 0hs 0h*s g*cu +3s <n cc cu)*snd% gus ul <n/sngc b ul: h4h <nc< 2ugh /snc 0hs 0ul dsn sc<*b+ dcc< dsn s)hs0+% 0hs 0ul dsn ncch. dcc< dsn ch.n+. C un dh*% 4s 0h*c% bunh s<*gusn3+% ch*c nu sc <0)hc+ b dchunh nscs cu 0csc*sh% nscs cu *hngul% 2sc 4s su)*c0. Dc c< c b*s nu <4s hbhndbnch.+ c*bscs h ch% 0cnsndu"sc unus )*ch/ulgh* ns0scQ
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&BB &B
4s s+ )*c/hd+ bh c *c0cdsslc: <n 2clul hccs h *h*cb*s dslsgcn h sc su)*h)unc sn clsgcn3cs. Pcn *u ccs cc c<*0uscsc c dc db*s sn clsgcn3h% sh* dslsgcn h )cn *u ccs cc lu) +% 4s dhc+ sc <n *uncsc h0<ndbu+% 2hc un )*bdsgsu. Cch 0hs 0h*c hgc*s0c h 2bs % lh HlcChnd*u% 0h0+ h cclus 0hs 0h*c nb*bc. >Cucc*csc b ul% .scch cl <nsu4s% ncl+s<nd ns0sc )cn *u 0<snc": cc"h* 2s 2+cu bh*c )cn *u lh hnulO Sh* Cc.h*% ccl+lhl )*b b s) dc c*bs% s)unch c+ ss)*+/slc shlc snc*cdsbslc 4s lc <n2+) ussc 0hs dcg*hb+ dcc< lc cu0)+nssc% 2sc )cn *u ch 0+*c3sh lb* s+ nu"& s)c*sc% 2sc )cn *u ch nscs 0+ch* g<ndul lh clc s+ nu"& b)*chsc+: 0h*c /b*b+ h lus hccl >hhsdc0Q"% 4s nscsbdh + >hhsdc3sQ". C dc hDuns hgc*s0ch ch s+"& 2hc+ )c lcu *cgc hl hns0hlclb*% c+cs% dc4s 0ul c dsn *c clc <l <n *cc% unclc <n h*0c% hl clc <n 0+*s0c% 4s hl clc <n )u c*s% cl lc bs*usc )c bh c )*sn hgc*s0c. Hccs h c hccl cCccs cC *c0 )c ch*c"& 0cn3sn <n *c cs cu*hDb4ss s)hnsbls 4s bclscb4ss 2*hncc.s% cc*ul cchslsb*<nd cb0)c s3sh% cbn *h"bhlhns<nd )*udcn3h s)hnsbl+ cu hgc*s0ch 2*hncc.+. H b)us <ncc snchlh hcclb*h 2u*scs hccs b*h? ccch cc"s ls)sc4 c ch )*b0) s udsnc% s)hnsblul su)lsnc4 c cu s2h ul: 4s% ds0)b *s/+% c0c*s h ch 2*hncc.ulus c lcs hl dslsgcn cs shlc snc*cdsbslc. Hs 2cl% s<n cbn2undh c /sc b*sslc 4s )h*hlclc succcsclc% du)+ <0)*cDu*+*s 4s /*c0u*s. Cc.h* h luh )ulsul h0bclb* nh3ss% )c unh h <n/sns"b )*c/+.<nd% sh* )c cchlhl +% h4 c) <nd. H0<ndu*b*h lc"h* )u ch *ccb0hndh 0h*clc Hugus us /b*bh sh kcstsnh lcntc ch dc/s.+ 4s h* bb3snc b 0sDlbcsc 2bh* c ns0c*s +. Bsnclc h*c 0ul3s hd/c*sh*s% 2ssndc+ c *h*% 4s *clclc 0ul c: )cn *u *+u c dc hDu b* b ul. D*u0ul hdc/+*ulus 4s hl succcsulus c unsc 4s hnc/bsbs: )cn *u )sc*.hnsc% c lung /chcul 4s scu* lchcul. <0)b *s/h cu/ssn3cs% bh c luc*u*slc sc cbnDu*+% <0)*cDu*+*slc sc hg*h/ch.+? lbcul ls)sc4 c% 0b0cn ul )*sclnsc 0sn c 4s bh c )un bc3c"n *bh c: dh* sn clsgcn3h 4s dslsgcn h scs dsn bh c <n/sng+ bh*c.
&B5 &B8
2+*+ un 0bd cbn/cnhbsl% b ul sc dssc*cds ch.+% du)+ cu0% cu cl% b ul )*bs)c*+. Su)lsnc4 c b*scc cusu*% chsh* 4s )c cclc hlc *h3sunss% )blcsc4 c g*c4clslc% 2h*dch.+ u*<3cnsslc% dc.0sn c *cs *s4 slc 4s hscundc b ul. C< c ss uh3ss sc*sbhsc 4s s0)b* hn c nu s"hu )*+)+ds dsn )*scsnh unus 0bd *+u 4s c< c hl clc% bs<nds c 2+*+ n+dcDdc% nu s"hu <nd*c) h 4s <0)lsns dh b*s + cclus bunQ Nu lc s<n dc hDuns 0h*clc .cl unus 0snss *u% cu*hDul unus cbnduc+ b* dc h*0h c% 4 ssn3h unus dbc % )u c*ch unus su/c*hn% dhc+ b ul nu c <nsb3s dc hcchs + 2bh* c s0)b* hn + cbnds3sc. Cs c )bdbhb+ )bls sc+ h scc) *clb*% s0hl3 hl cb*bhnclb*% <n nscs b hl + sluDb+ nu c 0hs u*gcn + ch <n cbnducc*c.
<ndh b*ch.+ 0ul ? su)c*sb*ss 0hs 0ul bb3sn b0cnb4s dcc< dcs)b scs. H /cdch lh un su/c*hn c+% *cnun3<nd lh su)c*sb*s h c% sc bs.usc )c b0cnsc% <ndh b*ch.+ dc dbu+ b*s 0hs 0ul : 0hs <n <s *cbusc s+ db0nc4 s hsu)*h /bsn3clb*% hbsh h)bs hsu)*h )bssbsls +3ss. <4s h *hgc ss0)h sh bh0cnslb* &A9% 4s chsh* h)lhu.clc% dhc+ nu )*sn nh u*+% )*sn h* +? csnc hd0s*+ 2h) ul hccs h nu sc <n *chb+ dhc+ c nh u*hl shu )*bdus hl h* cs% sc bucu*+ dc cl cu hclh0h3ss. Cs c )c c< dc u sl% )c"h < dc bsnc /cns . S<n luc*u*s ch*c% <n ssnc% /hlb*ch.+ )u3sn% dh* s<n )*c3us c du)+ 0bdul lb*. Hccs h h )u u <nnbs *ccu ul% &"h hDu h s+ *c/sn+ 4s chsh* s+ hsb+ c+u h*c. Dhc+ cs*cu0s hn3clc s<n 0hs cu*<nd )*hc scc% clc dc.0sn bbbschlh <n/cchs*ss. Gus ul 0c*gc b dchunh <nhsn c% nscsbdh + nu 2hcc chlc" n bh*s+% nu sc h*+nc4 c cu ccch cc h *ccu % sc <n2*u) + b dchunh dsn nbu h c% dh* )bh c 2s h0+gs cu sncds ul 0bdulus. Luc*u*slc <n snc*csc dh b*s + cs*cu0s hn3clb*% s<n dc.0sn3s c sslh *<ncc.clss 4s )lsc ssul *c)c +*ss% ch*c c dc bbsccs sn blc*hbsl% cu h < 0hs 0ul <n s0s h3ss% cc nu )b hDungc nscsbdh + nscs lh subls0ul% nscs lh nbu h ch sns3shl+. B )u c0 cbns h h <n 2unc3sslc sngcnsb.s +3ss? c+cs chsh* c<nd luc*u*slc s<n bsnc cunbscu c% dhc+ 0bdul dc h lc s)unc% lh b*h b*% 4s dc h lc h4 c*nc <n sc*ss% lh ss b*sc% s<n nbs% lc 2hc h *+g+ bh*c. C<nd luc*u*slc s<n hlcsc% *c)c h*ch lb*% 2sc 4s dc 4h) c b*s% nu bbbsc4 c% dh*% dc4s nu su)+*+% nscs nu 0hs us0csc% 4s c nc/bsc s+ lc g+ c4 s <n hl chs) ch s+ ch) s/c.c h cn3sh: nbu h ch c 0+guls bh*c% /*+Dc4 c gus ul% 4s nu0hs schs0b<nd sbsul *c<nnbsc4 s bbscc clc% c+cs c b 0h*c h* + h 4 s s+ )lhcs.
&A9
C< c luc*u*s hbsblu /ulgh*c 4s dc *<nd nu h )u u *clsc2h ch nbs 4s cCcclcn c% /<n.<ndu"lc lh )*c3 dc )lhc 4s hd0s*h3scQ s% ds0)b *s/+% b*sc< h* 2s clc dc sclcc c% 2+*+ hccs sbs nu <0bbldcsc gus ul 4s nscs nu su*)*snd )l+cc*ch. Sc lhud+ c+ c dsscc*n+ b*% 4s h4h c. Hcclch4s luc*u*s lc /h s)unc 4s unul% 4s hl ul% 4s cu hcclch4s% unul /h 0+guls% 4s hl ul /h Dsgns? h < h dcbscbs*c 4s <nsc0n+ h c )b <nc+)ch <n *"un cu", 4s h < h )bh c bb3snc un cu/<n bun 4s s *sch unul *+u. s dhc+ ls)sh <s cs c h < dc nb hbsl+% cu0 /h 2s un 0bd c2cc s/ *+u 4s h2cc s/ *cs)sng+ b*% 4s cu h < 0hs 0ul <n ch.ul unb* )c*sbhnc cu sluDb+ uns/c*shl+O s lh 0ul3s h0 /+.u % 4s chsh* h0 c*s sch "b% c+ h2cc h*ch% *u2sh% usc+csunch% g*bsbl+nsh% 2s*ch ncsu2c*s + 4s hl c 0bns *ub.s +3s hsc0+n+ bh*c s"hu 2+cu snhcccssbsls. C un gcs 0sc% cu0)+nch un <n3clc) % <nc*un h*ch h% dh* su2scscn ch s+ s *scc gus ul <n *cgss /sc3s: ds0)b *s/+% c+u + u*h )l+cu + h chs)ulus b 2+g+dusc4 c )c cch h cugc ulus% sh* 2*u0usc3ch chc.+4usc4 c bl<ndc3ch 2clulus dc h 2s. Sc lhud+ 0hs cu sch0+ c+ )blcsc4 c nu3u <n hsc0cnch 0+su*+% <nc< s+ 2sc )*c3us 0hs 0ul dcc< un dh sch*b+d: <ndulcc4 c cu h < h dsb+csc hdc/+*u*slc% <nc< hDung s+ *chc+ d*c) lsngu4cls 4s% uncb*s% c<nd )h*c h lsngu4s% dc.h0+gc4 c% s)un<ndu"3s nu ccch cc c% cs ccch cc h* *cbus s+ 2sc. Cl c unsc *c2ugsu )cn *u b3s ccs c+*b*h lc ls)sc4 c <n.cs *h*ch nh u*hl+? c+cs h uncs sc hDu + cu 0bdul 4s dbb<ndcsc 0hs 0ul cu hDu b*ul g*sDss dcc< hl3ss cu hDu b*ul dcs+/<*4s*ss nh u*hlc: su)lsnc4 c ls)su*s cscn3shlc% bh chsh* cu s)b*u*s% <n bh c sluDbclc su)c*sbh*c 4s 0+*un c. Cu*sbs c c+ nu )bh c 2s dc2sns % )cn *u c+ nu sc 4 sc <n cc cbns +% b*s dc nu% s+ .scc0 c+ s<n us *clc G*h3sslc lhblhl + <n *"un cb0)us hbsblu dcs+/<*4s . s ch s+ nu h)cl+0 0c*cu )cn *u )*bdsgss lh Hn schs h c 4s nscs s+ nu cc*4s0 dbh* *ccu ulus c*bss0ul% hd0s*h3sh h /cnc*h 0bdc*n+ 4s h)lhu.clc hu )*bsl+/s <n h)bgcu% /*chu s+ .sc <n cul0ch sh% hcchs + nbbsl+ <n.cs *h*c <n )c*sbhnh ch blsccs% c*bsccs 4s b h < dc 0h*ss nbhs *c *cgsnc% s +)<nh nbhs *+ dbnh Sshbcl dc Bbu*"bbn&A&% ch*c nu nu0hs h cbn snuh % cs h 4s dus 0hs dc)h* c glb*sh
&A&

Bbh* h cch 0sncsnbhs+ h*c 0ul3s c<* s b*s 4s nscs un *ccunbsc+ b*: nc0ul3u0s*ch hcchs h hDungc 4s )*sn *c dbbs bhcc% dh* lh csnc 0hs bsncO Ccl 0hs ncsh ss2+cu dsn *c bh c c ccl 0hs )*bs +nhc. Sc b )l<ngch hccs h dsn *"un cc*c <n hl ul 4s g+sch nu nu0hs cb0)hssunc% cs 4s h)lhu.c% 0hs hlcs <n *<ndul /ulgulus. <n *"b bun+ .s% h4hdh*% s2+ us dc 0ul3s 4s nc<nsb3s dc ns0cns% s"h <n2+3s4h .scc"sc% lh hudscn3h bb4 chsc+ h su)*c0ulus Su)s c*: hscs% )*b2und s0c*s % luc*u )cn *u ch*c un )*bs 0c*s + 0ul3u0s*s% 4s du)+ cc s s"h hcb*dh
nc)*c3us h <n/bs*c dc h 2s hscul h % *bs s *+u hccs dsscu*s 4s 0hs *+u <n bc0s ? >P*chsn cg*ulc Su)s c*% c+cs <0)+*3s b* dc d*c) h c% 4s nu *+.bun+ b* c db*csc? sh +% hs <n 2h3h h 0+*ch3+ )c ccl 0hs b*b)ss % bh4ch nc4 su b*% dsn *c dbbs bhcc% 4s"3s s0)lb* nu h < *+.bunh*ch b2cnsclb*% c< lccus*ch nc2c*scs*slb* 0clc% Cu0 sc <0)hc+ bh*c% b% .culc c c*n% sn cg*s h ch h cu s0)sc h ch sb*3ss% dbh* cu 0snc bh*b+% s*hn+ 4s chsh* 0h4 c*+O B dh + cc nh u*h 0"h 2+cu ccl 0hs )*bs +nhc dsn *c hns0hlc = 4s cu hs h h0 s)us b ul = dc cc 0hs *cbush s+ hdhugc c*udh dc ch% lh b hsc0cnch )b/h*+ su)*h)b/h*h nc2c*scs*ss% /sbl<nd u.ul 4s c+lc<nd <n )scsbh*c bbsccsulO M+ sslc4 c
&A7
s+ 2su )*bs 4s s+ *+scsc nc0ul3u0s : )c*sccu + nc/snb/+3sh 4s bc*b c4 c *+u h ch: Lcul ccl *u2h4 *su02+? Tsg*ul ccl c*ud *+sc4 c: #ul)ch% ch*c"s <n4hl+ )c b3s% *<dc dc b3s: Lu)ul ccl lhcb0 <4s 2hcc 0cnd*clc: nu0hs cu% ch*c nu 2hc ns0+nush *+u% <l su2+* dsn )h* ch u u*b*h? 0+n<nc )u3sn% 0unccsc 0ul : sbc hhlchl+% dbh* csb0+gchl+: s<n nc<ng*sDs 4s% du)+ cc 0s"s 4s u*< % nu 0+ )b h*+ h <n lu0c% nu"s bun dcc< s+ ch* 0bcb2hns% 4s hs h 0+ dbh*c ccl 0hs 0ul ." Jhlnsch"s Dhlb+"s 0s4c+ h*c 0ul )c b3s ccs dc 2h3+: nu0hs Su)s c*% sc/c*% nc ulbu*<ndu"sc ch cs% /ulgh*% <n snsc b*h3ul )c ch*c sc *c.c0hsc% nu h < ch s+"4s s)*sDsnc ch)ul% c< ch s+"4s )+s *c.c u*cchch hccch )cn *u cchlhl + )h* c&A6: 2+cu sc0n s+ 2sc chc0h + Kb* unh% ch s+ dc dc./snb/+3chsc+. Pb*ns*+ <n c+u h*ch cs 0ul3s sbldh3s% s udcn3s 4s )*c cndcn3s: 0c*sc*+ )*sn 0ul c )+*3s% dh* )c nsc+sc*s n"b g+schu. <n *cbhu bh )c unss% bh )c hl3ss% 4s ns0cns nu 4 sh s+ dch 4 s*c. Sn *h*+ <n chsh )u c*nsculus Hu b*s h c% 4s c*hu h < dc 0h*s dc.b*dsnch 4s g*hbh cu ch*c% 2+*+ h s h )c g<ndu*s% sc 0s4chu b3s. <nc< nu g+ss*+ )c ns0cns dss)us h lc *+s)undc 4s nscs 0+ch* h"s hscul h% dc4s d+du*+ dc 0ul3s. Cugc h*+ cs c+% 2+*+ <ndbshl+% nu sc )u ch h2lh <n bsul uncs h h*c ulbu*+*s% 4s nu sc <n4clh*+. T*ccu*+ <n chsh Bbg+3scs% 4s hscs G*sDh lc s)usc c+ 2uscsc% dh* nu0hs <n *chc+ % dbh* h < h c< s+ lc *ccb0hndc unb*h c*bsnc dc s)sns 4s ns4 c shcs dc sulc. Sn *h*+ <n c/sn h K*u0usc3ss% ch*c c*h 2bh* c h)*bh)c dc scC +% dbh* ch s"b )l+ chsc+ cu sc) s0clc &A(: d+du*+ dc P*bs sc 4s% 2+*+ s+ 0hs <n *cbc ns0sc% *ccu*+ lh cch h <n3clc)csunss: S+*+csh lc *+s)unsc c+ nu c*h nscs hcblb% dh* c+ b h4 c) hu dc lh b .s lh hl h.
&A6
&AB
prudcn shu s"prudcn6 <n Hsc% @@SSS% G*h*s1n h *sbusc hcchs + *c2lcc3sc lus Scncch. Gsb/hnns Bb c*b ;Dc2G...E b )unc <n gu*h unus Csh))s #s clls? >Dscc/h chc ncllc cbsc dcllh guc**h nbn chc ncllhl *c% lh 2b* unh c ss chsb nbn h/c/h )h* c hlcunh? 0hchc u b c*h)*udcn.hbs0)*udcn.h." #c.s HH"BG.BC% ). &(&b%nb h &.
CBRBHNH DSSCCRNCRSS 77B

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226 DSSCCRNTBRUL
&AA &A5
*ug+0sn3slc hdb*h b*slb* s+s <n3clc)3s 4s cc*<ndu"lc 0hs <n <s lsbc*+ *ccc*c *cgslb*% ch*c nu0hs dc dh h hs h s"hu hcb*dh "b% sc l+s+ /+.u +% cu h < 0hs 2*u0bhs+% cu c< 0hs h)*b)sh +% cu h < 0hs clcghn +% cu c< 0hs gbhl+% c+cs% b dh + cu nu0clc% 4s"h luh dc lh prs"h crh shu )*s0+/h*+% 4s 2*u0usc3ch: h/ch sus + *cs *<ns+% dh* s *+lucs + 4s% cu bh c c+ dc 0ul3s c*h dc cs h +% h 2bs hscul h + dc b3s. Luh lbc <n *sbunhl lh lu0snh h0sc.ss. <ncc)u*+ s+ )lcdc.c )+*3slc% hduc<ndu"4s clbgss% h4h cu0 s"h h*+ h . Lc l+ud+ )c bh c% 4s )c 2scch*c <n )h* c cu h < h s +*usn3+. <nc< )+*ch s+ <nclsnc c+ *c d<nsh% dh* <n cclc dsn u*0h sc )*bnun3h% .sc<nd? %.P*chc0sncn c *clsc2u*s hlc b+*bh ulus cul % h)lhudhbslc <n.cs *+*s hlc b+*bh ulus dsscc*n+ b*? 0+* u*sscsc
csns s c+ /+ )*c3uscsc )c bh c% dh* nu )b s+ nu s)un hdc/+*ul% ch s+ nu 0+ hbh dc lh 0snc <ns+0s. Zsc% h4hdh*% c+ s *+lucc4 c un sbh*c hl *clsc2u*slb*% lucs*c h <n.cs *+*slb*% s)lcndbh*c h c*bscs +3ss 4s <n *cgs*c h dsscc*nc*ss. H*c <n lbc dc s2c*+ un hl h* *clsgsbs <n hccl hl Hh*b c*c4 sn% dbn Luss Mcndc. &A8% )*b b s) 0hDb* hl hccs cs <n.cs *+*s )*s0c. Scncch&A' h nu0s "b unscul bun hl b0ulus: H*ss b cl. dcs+/<*4s*ch lus? Shl"lus sus% blh.bn nc0u*s b*: Cscc*b% chu.+ h 2c*scs*ss: H)ulcsus% hsc0+nh*c h ds/sns +3ss: Sb2bclc. )c*)c u+ 4s s h b*nsc+ bbg+3sc? Cu*s)sdc. 0bncd+ hscuns+? Sbc*h c. c0clsc h sb*3ss: #s*gslsu. 2*u0usc3c h su2lc ulus: Ch b% 2undh0cn hl hu b*s +3ss: h/<nd"b nu0hs )c ch% Bshs h/ch b bsnclc: Ssbc*h c h sbcb s "b d*c) h/c*ch lus? Mcnhnd*u. d*c) scu ul s+u% 4s d*c) cch 0hs bun+ blb+ dc s+gc3s h sh Hb*h3su? #hlc*sus MhCs0us nu s"h g+ss )*c3: Plhu h 2+cu "b )*c0su )cn *u ch <ns+4s% sh* h)lhudhbslul Cc.h* h nu0s "b scb) hl cclb*lhl c: sh* cu% <n *" un cu/<n % sn cg*s h ch."
&A8
Luss Mcndc06 Dbn Luss Mcndc. dc Hh*b ! Sb b0h!b* Gu.01n ! Hcc/cdb ;&B'8"&AA&E% dsn 2h0slsh 0h*chs.slb* dc Ch*)sb% 2su hl dbncs K*hncssch Gu.01n. sb*h cbn clus"ducc dc Bls/h*cs% du)+ c+dc*ch c+*ush s"h succcdh <n chls h c dc 2h/b*s hl lus Ksls) hl S#"lch% lsbc* h ch dc hc3sunc <n hcchs + chls h c 2ssndu"s <ns+ cbnssdc*hbsl *cs *<ns+ dc sn2lucn3h cCc*cs h + hsu)*h *cgclus dc sb*h Mhnh dc Hg*cdh% ch*c s"h 2bs hd/c*sh*+. H )us ch)+ *+.bbsulus dsn Ch hlbnsh ;&AB7E. &A' Scncch6 Rc)*bducc0% du)+ HH"BG.BC% ). &(6b% nb h 7. sdcn s2sc+*slc dc su*sc s hbsls c dc M. Rb0c*h"Nh/h**b )cn *u c< c/h dsn *s0s c*slc cc u*0ch.+? Scncch% Dc c!ns!lhts!nc, @% &=6: H*ss b cl% <n Dsbgcncs Lhc* sbs% !p. cst., #% S% B 4s &B: Shllus sus% Chtslsnh, &% (: Cu*s)sdc% Bcdsp, 2*hg. B(A: Sbc*h c% <n @cnb2bn% Mc"!rh!slsh, SS% C@% &(: Bshs% <n #hlc*sus MhCs0us% #SS% @#. )*c2h3+: Plhu % H"phstr9!, SS% SS% &5. 778 DSSCCRNTBRUL

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&59
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h/hn hDclc 0+*un c% hscun.<nd dc )sld+ 2*u0usc3ch sub ncb*<ndushl+. #cs g+ss lcsnc sn4s gh h s+"4s *ccunbhsc+ sn2c*sb*s h ch <n nb*bc 4s 2s*c% dh* <n sngcnsb.s h c nscs unul% cu h < 0hs )u3sn b su/c*hns h c? ch cs c h *sbu u2**cgc 4s% ch h h*c% b*scc c*s0+ <0)b *s/+"s c dc lc.0hscs h c. S<n su/c*hns% 4s /b* s+ 2sc 4s"n ccch cc" s )*sn cCcclcn3+ hs 2cl. P*sncs)slb* lc )lhcc s+ 2sc hDu h3s% dh* nu <n *ccu3s% 4s b*scc s2+ us*c s"h)h*+ 0hs dcg*hb+ /+ us*c7 h *ch0sn s*ss cclb* us h c dcc< lu0snh*c h cclb* nc)*scc)u c dc cs. Sub sls h ch hcchs h nc"b )*b)+/+duscsc 2c*scs chsh* h4 *ss% ch*c% 0+ch* c+"s s<n 2ccsb*s 4s s *+lucs b*s% nscsbdh + nu sc 0+sbh*+ cu /+)+slc sbh*clus. 8. B" ncpts"h4, chc04sc h cclcs "hs "hrs *nls"s dc cu#ct%. <ns+4s su)c*sb*s h ch sh <l s.b+/c4 c dc su)unc*ch 2h3+ dc )hshgc*c s0)*csss /ulgh*c. Nu cs c 0hs 0h*c s +)<ns*c dcc< cch dc ssnc7% h )*b)*sslb* )h s0s% *su02hl lsbc*ulus h*bs *u. s chsh* dhc+ )h s0h h* cu)*sndc )c*sbhnh% s+ nu sc"ncu0c c lh 2unc3sc% 4s cu h < 0hs )u3sn% cu c< c 0hs 0h*c? 0sDlbc *c.bnhbsl dc"h c/s h nc)l+cc*s 4s chsh* dc"h scu* h chlch s)*c *c)u h3sc. '. Dc0"sntc3s "ctchnclc nhscs%. H)h <0)+* +4c4 c <nsu4s*slc bunc shu *clc hlc /snclb* )*sn ch*c cu*gc% sh* b0ul )c"hlc cls0cs <n ch*c s"h n+scu . Unss dh b*ch.+ 0hs 0ul dcc< hl3ss )h *sslb* lb*% h/<nd )h* c hcblb dc un .cns 0hs )*sclnsc. Nu c nh3sc% nscs chsh* dsn cclc 0hs cul c% scu s + dc /*cun dc2cc b*sgsnh*% )c ch*c /ccsnss nu )*cgc + s+ s"& /c4 cDchsc+% 2sc dsn /sclcnsc% 2sc ch 0<ng<sc*c. C *su02+ bh*c dsb+csc s+"nd*c)3s shu 0+ch* s+ dc.0sn3s hccs c s sg0h c nh3sbnhlc? dbb<ndc4 s hs 2cl h)lhudhbslh 2hs0+ dc unsc <n *c hs +s% c+cs ccch cc cs c 0hs )u3sn h4 c) h c )*c3us 0hs 0ul . S<n 4s 0c chnc cc 3sn dc 2h0slsc% dc s h*c% dc sluDb+ 4s dc /<*s +% ch*c% dhc+ sc"n <lncsc bh c <n *"un sns 4s nu s<n )*c<n <0)snh c dc h cn3sc% hlc+ uscsc un 0bns *u ncsu2c*s .

hgc0c dc *ch sn cn3sc. Nu 2hcc nscsbdh + cc h*h +: bchc4 c% dh% ch s+ dc*u c.c: snssnuch.+% ch"n *chc+ % cu dsb+csc 4s lb/c4 c <n *chls h ch ncg<nds +. h cn + 0c*cu ch s+ hbh + h cn3sh. Sch)+ b sn cn3sc ch s+ sc hssgu*c dc h cn3sh *s/hl+% dh* sc"n bh*cc nu0hsdcc< <0)b *s/h cs% <n/sng<nd )*sn nc)*c/+.u . Sn clsgcn3h )+ *un.+ bh*c b )*c<n <0)sn+ <ns+ cu /cghc*s% b )<ndc4 c cu /sclcnss: <n3clcgc b dchunh cbn *h*sul h ccch cc /*ch s+ <n3clchg+ 4s cunbh4 c <ndh + b*scc snducc*c"n c*bh*c: lhs+ s+ *chc+ b*scc sn cn3sc )*s0+ 4s *+0<nc"n h4 c) h*ch cclcs sccundc% bh chsh* h cclcs c*3c. Ss0ulh*ch s)b*c4 c c<nd <4s /cdc /sclc4ugul dsbus 4s chu + s+ h0+gchsc+ chsh* cu hdc/+*ul: schs0b+ Dbcul% s)*c h schs0bh c* s)ul% 4s 2hcc h* s2scsu dsn nch* s2scsu% <n c0csndu"4s hs u3sh )c
cch 0hs 0h*c chndbh*c. D+ 2ugh luh*ch"h0sn c% <n3clcg<ndu"s )c*s)schcs h ch% 4s dcscb)c*+ cncb*clc"0b*+ch c dc lu0sn+6? dcscs2*ch.+ sn cn3sh% cu h < 0hs )*c2+cu +% cu c< 0hs /+ds +. Hs 2cl lu) + /sclc"ns*ch Ps bnulus cu nc)*sh+ns*ch )+ *un.+ bh*clb* *h.c hlc lus H)blb. &(. Rchlsthtch 4s "!dul%. Nu hDungc subs hn3h% c ncccsh*+ 4s cs*cu0s hn3h. Un 0bd *+u s *sc+ b . )<n+ 4s d*c) h ch 4s *h3sunch. Ccl bun 3snc lbc dc b : )blcsc4 c nu"ul% <ndulcc4 c hdc/+*ul 4s sulc0cnc4 c chsh* b+ *<nc3ch. Cu" h*c un *bl 0h*c <n luc*u*s% sh* 0hnsc*h c *s4b* hl gus u*slb*. B cb0)b* h*c 2*u0bhs+ c )bdbhbh /sc3ss? b*scc bn bun c scbh c cu dcbscbs*c dsn <ncu*c+ u*s. &B. S hs sn#cns!0sts h7utt!hrc%. Nb*bc hl )u c*nscslb*"? s+ sc <ncbnDbh*c cu /s cDs hs )*scc)c*ss ch*c s+"s scbh + dsn b*scc hnhn"
cs ". Dsn *c sc*ss b*ss sbc*scs 2*cc/cn h3s dc G*hcs1n% /c.s K*hncsscb Rbd*sgucs Lbbb? >...b cc* b c Fuc% sc 2hl h*dcs 1 0slscsh% nunch /bs 2hl h*1 h 0hlscsh" $hpud HSS"BG. BC% ). &BAbE% 4s Juhn Huh* c dc Shn Juhn% C-h"cn dc sn#cns!s phrh lhs cscncshs6 >Lh 0hlscsh ! lh 0slscsh chss cbn/scncn cn cl 0cs0b nb0b*c ! scncn lh 0cs0h dc2snscsbn". H0 )+s *h 4s <n *hducc*c hccs Dbc dc cu/sn c% l+*gsnd )u3sn scnsul cu/<n ulus >0sls3sc". &66 tcnc!rclc3"!rchtc dc lu"sn6 C2. S. Sgnhcsb dc Lb!blh% C7crcscs!s, n*. 667? >)*b)*sb cs dcl 1ngcl 0hlb Fuc sc 2b*0h sub hngclb lucss" ;BP"BG BC ).655E. &( Rchlsthtch 4s "!dul6 Cu hl c cu/sn c% *chlul% ccch cc cs c luc*ul <n ssnc: >0bdul" ;>cl 0bdb"E cs c 2b*0h )c ch*c luc*ul b )bh c c+)+ h C2 Dssc @@SS"Br., 59% 87% 7A5% 75(: Crst., S% B. &B sn#cns!0sts h7utt!hrc6 C2. Dssc, #: Br., 7B8. &B7 N!r!c hl putcrnscsl!r6 C2. Cc*/hn cs% D!n Hus7!tc, SS% @@@S? >Unh dc lhs /cn hDhs 0h!b*cs Fuc llc/hn lbs )*sncs)cs h lbs dc01s hb0b*cs cs Fuc sc ss*/cn dc c*shdbs hn bucnbs Fuc cllbs". 244 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS
ghsc dc nc4 ssn3+% s+ *hg+"n lbcul lb* s)hdh <n s2hdh g*cu +3slb*. M+*c3sc ssngulh*+ s+ c sluDc4 s dc <n/+3h3s% dc)+4snd gus ul bh*bh* hl lus Tsg*hn6% ccl cc"s db*ch )c *cgss su)u4s ch slugs. Sbs nbu dc hu b*s h c <n )lsnul /sc3ss? s+ ns"s 2hcc0 )*sn h* + sclh/s )c ccs )c ch*c nh u*h ns s"h 2+cu su)c*sb*s. C 0ul dc 4 su 4s c scu* + /sh3h(% 4s nu *+sc4 s dhc+ nu 4 ss. C% h4hdh*% b dsb+csc h)h* c s+ <n/c3s 2+*+ chcl ushl+% 4s <nc+ 0ul % )*sn 0ul3s% 4 ssnd )*sn b3s: /b*bc4 s h)bs <n *"b hdunh*c )*sn 0ul3s shu )*sn gu*h h /b*bcsc b h <3sh <n/+3h3s c<3s c"hu )*cg+ s % dbb<ndsnd 2hs0h dc b*hcbl cu sudbh*ch hl b*h. Cs 2hc <n <s sclcc3sc dsn lcc3sc 4s"3s sc*/csc h)bs 4 ssn3h <n chsn" cscn3c. Dh* csnc nu )bh c hDungc s+"4s hsb+ <n3clc)csunch <n sc*"/s b*s0c% dbb<ndchsc"b <n )*sc cnsc. &A. Jtssnh cu !un sntcnsc%. Hssgu*+ bcl4ug dc *cu4s c. #sbl 0bns *ubs h 2bs b dchunh c+s+ b*sh dsn *c un bun sn clcc 4s b *ch /bsn3+. Sn cn3sh *+u/bs bh*c c un /cnsn hl dcs+/<*4s*slb* 4s% hDu h + dc 4 ssn3+% /h +0+ cu 4s 0hs 0h*c sub sls h c. Nc2c*scs hlcn ul )us <n sluDb+ sc+lb4scsQ ssn3+ 2+*+ c*csc*% ncbunsc dubl+ 7. &5. Schs"!3s kclul dc3h lucrh%. Nu b dchunh lh 2cl% ch s+ dc.b*scn c.s cu*sb.s h ch% 0hs hlcs dhc+ c *s/hl+. Nu b dchunh cu sn cn3sc )*s0+% dcbh*ccc <3s /b* su*)*sndc uns2b*0s h ch% )*c/c"nsndu"3s 4s chsh* .+d+*nscsndu"3s hc3sunslc. C lcsnc dc ucss <n .bb* )+s+*ch cc 4s"& u*0ch.+ d*c) % nu <ns+ 4s cch <n lsnsc 2*<n +. Dh* nscs 0c*cu cu sn cn3sc sccund+% c+cs h dbuh bh*+ <3s /b* <n3clcgc c* s)ul. R+u h ch s + lh )<nd+: c nc/bsc dc 0h*c sub sls h c ch s"b dc*u c.s. Juc+ b*ul 4s*c nu Dbhc+ nscsbdh + )scsh b+nus + dc hd/c*sh*% nccu0 cch )c ch*c 4s"b db*c4 c.

245
&8. S*r#usn 4s "sncr %. Nu cCss + c0sncn3+ 2+*+ h0<ndbu+% dh* c<nd cbnluc*ch.+% )*ssbssn3+. Mhs 0ul bb3snc b 0cdsbc*s h c cu s<*gusn3+ dcc< b su)c*sb*s h c 2+*+. Rc)u h3sh sc cu0)+*+ cu )*c3ul 0uncss? )u3sn /hlb*ch.+ ccch cc cbs + )u3sn. Chsh* <n cclc dsn <s sluDbc% lh unss h* 2s 2bs dc db*s s<*gusn3+: *h*cb*s <3s cbn *h.scs 2s*ch. C+ nu c4 s c0sncn <n *"b sluDb+ dc *<nd )cn *u c+ /*cs s+ 2ss 0cdsbc*u <n cch subls0+ h*c d*c) scu.+ nbblc3ch% dh* h c 0ul3u0s s+ 2ss 0cdsbc*u <n cch dc *<nd c<nd hs )u ch 2s cCcclcn <n )*s0h nu h*c nscs unh. Khc% h4hdh*% *cbusn3+% nh u*h 4s h* h% )ccc c )unc s<*gusn3+. &'. Nu p!rns cu spcrhn c-ccss %. Rcs *s4 c bbs4nus + h b cc"h 2bs 2bh* c l+udh <nhsn c% h nu hDungc )c u*0+ lh )*ch0ul ul sdchlulus? *chlul n"h )u u cghlh nscsbdh + s0hgsnh*ul% dcbh*ccc c u4b* s+"3s <nchs)us dcs+/<*4s*slc% dh* 2bh* c g*cu s+ lc dbb<ndc4 s. S0hgsnh3sh sc c+s+ b*c4 c cu db*ul 4s .+0sslc4 c b dchunh 0ul 0hs 0ul dcc< s<n luc*u*slc. B*sc< h* 2s cCccl+*slc dc 0h*s. clc n"hDung s+ sh u*c sdcch 4s% <n *uc< b g+scsc h0+gs + dc h4 c) h*ch cCccss/+% 0hs dcg*hb+ b dc.h0+gcsc dcc< b us0csc. S)c*hn3h c b 0h*c chl)u.hn+ h hdc/+*ulus: b <n2*<nch.+ cu0sn3cnsh% c+u <nd ch dcs2+ h*ch s+ 2sc su)c*sbh*+ db*sn3cs. Unclc <ncc)u u*s dc *c)u h3sc sluDcsc lh *c.s*ch cu*sb.s +3ss% nscsdccu0 lh gh*hn h*ch bbscc ulus cs. Mhs bsnc scsc c<nd *chls h ch <n *ccc sdcch% 2ssnd 0hs 0ul dcc< s"h c*c.u . Hcchs + *cgul+ nu sc h)lsc+ <n ch.ul *+ulus% dcbh*ccc <ns+4s
cChgc*h*ch <l hDu +: b dc.0sn c cu h)lhu.c% 4s hDungc s+ )h*+ blc*hbsl+ chsh* cul0ch 0<*4+/scs dc ch*c c"hs c0u . 79. B" *n chcul su. Sn4ss dc b *h*+ c0sncn3+ dc)snd dc /*c0u*s. Nu b3s hu h/u "b )c cch 0c*s h +% 4s 0ul3s% dc4s hu h/u "b% n"hu *cu4s s+ )*b2s c dc ch. Unss hu 2bs /*cdnscs dc un /chc 0hs bun% c+cs nu b cc c bun *su02+ b dchunh: luc*u*slc <4s hu /*c0ch lb*% )<n+ 4s c0sncn3clc s<n du)+ 0bd+. <n3clc)csunch h*c <ns+ un h/hn hD% c+ c /c4nsc+% 4s dhc+ hccs h nu"s /chcul cs% 0ul c hl clc /b* 2s. 7&. Hrt dc h ks n!r!c!s%. CCss + *cguls hlc 4hnscs% c+cs )cn *u <n3clc) % ch nu c dbh* <n <0)lh*c: )bh c 2s hDu h + dc dsb+csc. Unss

247
sc 0ul3u0csc s+ sc )bs c.c <nc*c.+ b*s lh )b*3slc Kb* uncs 4s h4 ch) + ch ch s+ luc*c.c: hl3ss% 0hs bsnc? *cc dsncblb 4s *ccu*g lh cu c.hn3h cu0sn c% ch*c% )c h*s)slc /s* u3ss 4s cu*hDulus cs% )bh c )*sndc dsn u*0+ nb*bcul 4s"& )bh c 0+guls cu 2blbs. Dh*% 2slb".b2<nd bsnc% nu"s hl 0sDlbc dcc< ccl hl /s* u3ss 4s"hl h cn3scs% )cn *u c+ nu cCss + 0hs 0ul nb*bc% nscs 0hs 0ul ncnb*bc dcc< )*udcn3+ shu s0)*udcn3+ 7. 77. B" cu hplhudh!slc cun!4tsnc%. Pl+cu h c*uds3sc cu* cnchsc+ c 0uns3sc )cn *u dsscc*n+ b*s? b 4 ssn3+ )*hc sc+ h b cc c cu*cn % 0hs 0ul <n scnsul cunbh4 c*ss% 0hs )u3sn <n ccl /ulgh*? s+ hs b cblcc3sc gus bhs+ dc g*+un3s dc sh*c <n /b*bc% dc 2slb s0sc <n 2h) c% 4s s+ 4 ss h lc 2blbss lh s0)% c+cs uncb*s s2h ul h sc4s 0hs bun <n *"b glu0+ dcc< <n ccl 0hs g*h/ 0hgss c*su. ssn3h cb0unschbsl+ lc"h 2bs 0hs dc 2blbs unb*h dcc< bh c cclc 4h) c7% b*sc< dc lsbc*hlc. 76. S nu hs nscs un sts#"ht%. Dhc+"nu"ul )c*2cc3sunss7. Pu3sns *+scsc h*+ b 0c chhn+% h < sub *h)b* 0b*hl% c< 4s nh u*hl% 4s )un )h s0+ )cn *u clc% dc4s lc"h* )u ch /sndcch lcsnc6. Cu0sn3cnsh cclb*lhl3s *cg*c + c+ uncb*s b subls0+ uns/c*shls h c dc <n.cs *+*s c sub0snh + dc un dc2cc 0sns0% 4s c dc"hDuns un nb* ch s+ ccls)sc.c un sbh*c <n *cg. S<n )c c hlc *c)u h3scs )c ch*c *chuh"/bsn3+ lc"hlcgc ch s+ sc lcgc dc clc. Su)*c0+ dsb+csc h* 2s s+ lc )*cschs0bs <n *clsc2u*s. H4h h 4 su Cc.h* s+"4s lhu*cc.c *cs *s4 ch nh u*hl+(.
7( h7ust*nd3!...6 <n b*sgsnhl% )*b)b.s3sc ds2scsl dc <n3clcs dsn chu.h su)*s0+*ss )*bnu0clus cb0)lc0cn ds*cc ? >! hun HOP hDus h lh cb*du*h"% hccs h 2ssnd )*bbhbsl lh. cu hn cccdcn >s0hgsnh3sh". #c.s RN"BM% ). B5% nb h (% 4s BP"BG.BC% ). 658. 7(7 ...*nc*nths dc n!s *n4snc6 C2. Scncch% Scrss!rs, S@% 79? >Mssc* cs Fus sc nbn bch ssss0u0 sudsch " ;>Csnc nu sc sbcb c4 c un b0 2c*scs cs c un nc2c*scs "% cd. cs .% )). 7&"77E. 7(" !un3ss"6 <n b*sgsnhl% >ssndc*csss"% /c.s Br., 'A"&. C2. Crst., SS% '% 4s Sgnhcsb dc Lb!blh. C-crcsss, 6&(. 7B Bun prsccpt!r6 #c.s Dssc, #SSS. nb h 5(: c2. Br., 7&9% 77B. 7A 4uru!ul6 <n b*sgsnhl% >cl b*ccdb*"% sns *u0cn dc b* u*+% 2blbss )cn *u h s0ulgc 0+* u*sss*s% dcnu0c4 c hscs )unc ul slhb shu% 0hs
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7(8
dc.b*dbnh3ss dcc< b*dbnh3ss. T*cbusc s+"s )*c/ss 0hs <n <s 2s*ch% s+"s h sngs h)bs 0hnsh% s+ h hcs cu )h s0h% ch*c /h dh ncg*c4s 0h lsbc*ul h*bs *u. 75. Prckcr c-tcnssunss sntcnssunch%. Pc*2cc3sunch nu s + <n chn s h c% cs <n chls h c. Tb cc c 2bh* c bun h 2bs b dchunh )u3sn 4s *h*? 0ul ul c dssc*cds h*c. Chsh* )*sn *c bh0cns% u*sh4ss s<n dc bbsccs hdc/+*h3ss )s scs. Unss )*c3uscsc c+*3slc du)+ 0hss/s h ch lb*% ch 4s cu0 h* 2s sc*ssc ch s+ cCc*cs c 0hs dcg*hb+ b*h3clc dcc< sngcnsb.s +3slc. CC cnssunch ssngu*+ n"h )u u dc)+4s nscsc<nd 0cdsbc*s h ch 4s c 2lhgcl hl bh0cnslb* uns/c*shls% dc bsnc cc sc /b* )cs c b % nu"s nsc+sc*s 7. Sn cnssunch cbn2c*+ c0sncn3+% 4s <nc+ c*bsc+% dhc+ <n 0h c*sc subls0+. 78" *n ns"sc ul#hr%. Nu <n gus . B% 0h*c <n3clc) 7 ccl cc sc ncc+Dch c+ 2h) clc shlc c*hu )c )lhcul cclb* 0ul3sQ <0busb+*s cu h)lhu.c dc *<nd nu"s 0ul3u0csc )c dsscc*n+ b*s. S<n unss ch0clcbns 6 hs )b)ulh*s +3ss <n *"h < h% <nc< nu"4s h2l+ sh ss2hc3sh <n hdsc*slc )*chsuh/c hlc lus H)blb% cs dbh* <n su2lh*ch /ulgh*+. Nscs <n sn clcc ? nu )*c2c*h 0s*hcblclc /ulgulus% c+cs nu"s hl cc/h dcc< s)c*sc b*s )cn *u sgnb*hn3s% us0snd ncghsbbsh bb4 chsc+% )c c<nd luh*ch"h0sn c ssngulh*+ b dc.h0+gcsc. 7'. B" sntc#ru. Pu*u*s dc )h* ch *h3sunss% cu h < h d<*.cnsc <n g<nd% <nc< nscs )h s0h /ulgulus% nscs sslnscsh s*hnsc+ s+ nu"& bblsgc /*cbdh + s+"nchlcc hb h*ul *h3sunss. Dh* csnc b 2s bh*c hccs 2cnsC hl nc)+* sns*ssO C+cs sn cg*s h ch h*c )u3sns hdc)3s. Mul3s b *sdsc+"n slh/+% dh* nu lh cs hchs+ &: hl3ss b u*0ch.+ )<n+ lh )c*scbl? <n 2h3h lus% )*c2+cu3ss b +g+duscsc% )bls scscnss b dbscsc. Ch nu c.s + s+
75... sntcnssunch... C2. Br., &9B. 757... nu3s nscscrs6 C2. Scncch% Scrss!rs, SS? >Csnc cs c )*c u sndcns nu cs c nsc+sc*s" ;cd. cs .% ). (E: Mh*3shl% Cps#rh"c, #SS% 56% A? >FussFuss ubsFuc hhbs h . MhCs0c% nusFuh0 hhbs h " ;>Csnc lbcusc4 c )*c u sndcns% MhCs0us% nu lbcusc4 c nsc+sc*s"E. 78 *n ns"sc ul#hr6 C2. Cr., #: Br., 79A% 7(B. 787 "hrc *nclcpt6 C2. Scncch% Scrss!rs, @@S@? >Nscsbdh + n"h0 /*bs s+ 2su )c )lhcul 0ul3s0ss% c+cs cc cunbsc cu% 0ul3s0ch nu )*c3usc4 c 4s cc )*c3usc4 c 0ul3s0ch% cu nu cunbsc" ;cd. cs .% ). 58E. 786 ch"clc!ns6 Du)+ b c*cdsn3+ *hns0ss+ <nc+ dsn Hn schs h c% sc cbnssdc*h c+ h*hnh cCcluss/+ h ch0clcbnslb* h* 2s hc*ul% *c)*c.cn h hscs dc >su2lh*ch h)lhu.clb*" /ulgh*c. 7' dh* nu lh cs hchs6 C2. )*b/c*bul culcs dc Mh*chs.ul dc Shn sllhnh? >Jus" scsh% 0hs nb )b* nucs *h chsh" ;>D*c) h c% dh* nu lh nbs hchs+"E. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 7('
chs.s nscsbdh + u4h nscs cclus 0hs 0+*un *+u% c+cs b dchunh /b* /cns du)+ cl 0ul c hl clc 4s 0hs 0h*s% s <nd lh )<nd+. Cch 0hs bun+ s *h hgc0+ c h 4 s s+ schs0bs c+*3slc? 0hs 0ul cbn ch.+ ccl 0hs 0sc h u dc hcu0 dcc<
ccl 0hs h*c dsn *"b 0<n+ *ccu +. Lh <ndbshl+% c ns0c*s s+ c hl+ u*s <n3clc)3slb* 4s )*udcn3slb* 7% c+cs% 0hs dc/*c0c shu 0hs <*.su% b dhu dc nb*bc. 67. 13tc cun!scut ch scr sh!sl%. Pcn *u ccs cc c<*0uscsc% 0h*c c*cds s+ 2hc+ )l+cc*c? *clsc2hs su/c*hnslb*% s)*c"h cucc*s ss0)h sh uns/c*shl+. Hccs h c ssngu*ul h/hn hD hl db0nscs? )u sn3h dc h 2hcc 0hs 0ul bsnc dcc< b3s. P*sc cns s<n ccs cc sc )bh* + )*sc cnc4 c. Hl3ss% dsn cbn *+% nu /b* s+ 2sc sc*/shbsls% nu h < dsn g*cu h c% c< dsn *+u h c% b)u4s <n b ul ds/sncs cb0unschbsls +3s7. 66. *n h s h!strh#p. C+cs dhc+ b 0h*c lcc3sc h /sc3ss c h 4 s s+ *c2u.s% 0hs 0h*c c h 4 s s+ c *c2u.s 3sc <nsu3s% *cbu*slb*% bh0cnslb*. S<n bcu)h3ss cC *h/hghn c% 0blss hlc s0)ulus )*c3sbs% 4s c 0hs *+u s+ c bcu)s cu cc/h nc)b *s/s dcc< s+ nu 2hcs ns0sc. Ch h cn % nu c dc"hDuns s+ nu c"h0cs ccs% cs c nc/bsc s+ nu c lh4s h0cs cch . Nu *cbusc s+ h)h*3ss <n *"h < h u u*b*h% <nc< s+ nu"3s 0hs h)h*3ss dclbc 3sc <nsu3s. Nscs dc )*sc cns ch + s+ nu hbu.c.s 4s nscs s+ nu /*cs dc lh cs 0hs 0ul dcc< 3s"h* hcb*dh. B*scc cCccs c /scsbs% 4s 0ul 0hs 0ul <n *clh3ss. Cu hcchs + cu0)+ h*c% <3s )+s *c.s 0hs bsnc bun+/bsn3h u u*b*h 4s s s0h% )cn *u c+ nu sc bcc4 c ncs)us dc )*c3sbhsh cu/ssn3+. S+ hs% h4hdh*% nch <*nh*ch uncs 2s*s )hssbnh c dc cc"s hlcs 4s s+ nu )+c+ usc4 s nscsbdh + cbn *h 0+* u*scs bunulus +u gus . 6(. Cun!h4tc3s rclsckul3rc#c%6 <n.cs *h*ch *c0h*chbsl+% cul s/"b )c ch 4s hDu +"lc )c cclclhl c. B*scsnc h* 2s )u u dbb<nds c0sncn3h <n cc/h% dhc+ 4s"h* 2s cunbscu h/hn hDul. Bbsc*/+"3s h *sbu ul"*cgc
6&: *nclcpsl!r 4s prudcnsl!r6 C2. Br., 7&. 67 13tc cun!scut ch scnsh!sl6 C2. Br., B% &85% &8'% 7B7. 677 !pu4s ds sncs c!"unsch!slsts6 Cu hl c cu/sn c% b)u4s )*bccsulus )*sn ch*c ds/sns h ch cb0unsc+ cu b0ul% s sc h*h +% hcb*d<ndu"s bsnc2hcc*slc shlc ;RN"BM% ). 56. nb h 8E. C2. Cscc*b. Dcnhturh dc!ru", SS. @@#% A(? >Su))s c*... Lb) u0us 0hCu0usM c Fusdc0 hn c Lb) u0usM% sd cs bcnc2scscn ssss0us. Fuh0 0hCu0us" ;..Su)s c* <nsu4s... Lccl 2bh* c bun 4s 2bh* c 0h*cM% !ptu"us. hdsc+ k!hrtc !snckct!r, /cnsnd <nhsn c dc k!hrtc "hrc". 66 *n h s h!strh#s6 C2. Dssc, SS: Br., 7B7. = #c*bul s). h!strhcr, h hbs *hgc% h*c hscs scnsul dc h sc)h*h 4s h l+sh dcb)h* c% c2. Dssc, @S@? >cch 0hs 0h*c *cgul+ h /sc3ss c h 4 s s+ hbs *hgs". 6( rclsckul rc#c6 C2. Cr6, ': Br., 8'% &A&% 77B% 768. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 7B&
4s s)b*c4 c"s u.ul: lh unss )*ssbsc4 c Dudcch h% lh hl3ss cu*hDul. Ccs 0hs 0ul3s <4s /sblcn ch.+ ch)hcs h ch% 4s hs 2cl% <n ns0sc nu dbb<n"dcsc su)c*sb*s h ch? cc 0+gulc4 c )hssunch 0hs dc/*c0c% dc.h0+gc4 c 0hs <*.su s0)ul. 6B. 13s ! prcrc. s 0hs hlcs dcs)*c cc cs c 0hs hlcs. Kssndc+ nu g<ndcsc% sc )sc*d b3s )*b4 ss? nu Dudcc+ nscsbdh + luc*u*slc nscs )c Du0+ h c 4s% cu0 nu )*scc) )hgubh shu 2blbsul% nscs nu h)lsc+ s *+dusn3h. Khc unss 0ul ch. dc ccch cc h*c )u3sn+ s0)b* hn3+ 4s )u3sn dc cc h*c 0ul +% cu0)+nsnd 0c*cu )c dbs. Mul3s% ch unss ls)ss3s dc ss03s*c% n"b )sc*d. S<n luc*u*s cc h* *cbus bbsc*/h c cu bh + sslsn3h 4s )+s *h c <n hd<ncul 0sn3ss. <n3clc) ul <4s 2hcc )+*c*ch dcs)*c bh c% dc4s cu bscbs*c sh)+ undc"s hd<ncs0c 4s dubsu 4s undc c*cdc uncb*s c+ c 0hs 0ul dcc< c*cdc: h4h hDungc *c2lcc3sh undc n"h hDuns )c*cc)3sh. 6A. Punc3s lh *nccrchrc sbh* h&? ch s+ hc3sbnc.s% ch s+ c hnghDc.s. Cbn ch.+ 0hs 0ul dcc< bbsc*/h*ch c0)c*h0cn ulus% c+cs dhc+ )*bs c csnc <l chch0+ )c Hs)bc*h lh )h *u.ccs dc hns )cn *u s+n+ h c% 4s 0hs 4s csnc )c Scncch )cn *u cu0sn3cnsc7. Mh*c h* + h 4 s s"b cbnducs% c<nd h4 c) <nd"b% c+cs 4s *+bdh*ch sn *+"hscs. c<nd )*sn.<nd"b% c+cs h*c sb*bc 4s lbc? dc4s 2clul nu s"& )b3s su*)*sndc% h < <s c dc hnb*0hl+ cb0)b* h*ch. Csnc h /+.u "b bsnc/bs bh*c s+ 0ch*g+ 0hs dc)h* c cu"nd*+.nchl+6% c+cs ch bbs4nusc4 c s+ sc <nh0b*c.c dc cu c.+ b*s 4s chsh*% ch b cbchc +% dc snc*s(. Csnc c ncnb*bcbs s+ nu s +*usc% s+ sc *c *hg+% s+ nu"s dch )*slcDul h dbu+ ncnb*scs*s. Pc*sc/c*c.c csnc b db0sn+. 65. Cun!h4tc s#cslc% 4s3n h s lc k!l!sc4ts. C )unc ul ccl 0hs sub sl hl *clh3sslb* dsn *c bh0cns. S<n h*unch c )cn *u ss)s s*ch
cugc clb* 4s cu clc sc <n *c)*sndc cch 0hs dsss0ulh + 4s 0hs )+ *un.+ bh*c )*bbh*c h sns0ss. S<n hl clc *+u +csbhsc% u4b* dc h*unch % h snsc dc bu*ushnh sn/sdscs% unsc cu /cnsnul )h s0ss% *+snc c s0)c*cc) sbslc% ch s+ c su*)c dsn /<*2ul ss0)h scs 4s"hl cbnssdc*h3scs. Mul3s hu c+.u dsn 2h/bh*ch su)c*sbh*+ 4s sn2c*sbh*+ /ulnc*h3s dc b h h*c /b*b+ nc<nsc0nh +% sn4s c+*b*h b"n *chg+ uncl s*c dc 0u*0u*h*c gcnc*hl+ 4s dc *+u h c )c*sbnhl+ nu s.bu ssc h lc )*scsnus nscs ccl 0hs u4b* .d*uncsn. Hl clc% ds0)b *s/+% hc3sbnch.+ ch 2h/b*hbslc% s)*sDsnsndu" c 4s cbn2s*0<ndu" c <n *c)u h3sc. Dh* cu hccch4s dsb+csc cu ch*c lc h*unc+ sn cn3sh ch + h lc )*s0s )*cchu3sh 4s h lc h4 c) h h cn3sh% dcbh*ccc h)+*h*ch c <n c0csh + )c cunbh4 c*c% sh* lb/s u*h )*c/+.u + c b dchunh .+d+*nscs +.
68. *n h s tc rctrh#s c*nd s!hrth s3c c*4ts#t!hrc%. <n bc0hs Duc+ b*slb* cC)c*3s. Lh 2cl dc <nsc0nh + c b *c *hgc*c 2*u0bhs+ ch 4s un h hc /s cDcsc% b )unc*c lh hd+)bs h ss)*+/slb* 0+*c3c% dc"h* 2s dcs ulc% dc"h* 2s 0ul c. Nb*bcul nccu*0h h 2bs 0c*cu sus)cc ? 0hs ssgu* c ccl sn c*)blh 4s bh*ccu0 hc*u"dulcc c<nd <l sh/u*c.s. Nb*bhcclc% cu c< sc buluccsc 0hs 0ul % cu"h < *ssc+ 0hs 0ul s"hlunccc 4s s+ dch b ul dc *<)+. C *ccb0)cnsh + uncb*s scu* h du*h + h hh <*ulus dc sn cnss h ch lus. Sbh* h bs cnc4 c s+ c b duc+"n c<*c+. 6'. Cun!h4tc lucrurslc3n hp!#cul 4s lh ts"pul l!r, 4s3n h s lc k!l!sc4ts %. B)c*clc nh u*ss hDung bh c <n )lcns udsnch dcs+/<*4s*ss lb*? )<n+"hcblb hu c<4 sgh % h)bs <ncc) s+ )sh*d+. Dsn hlc h* cs% )u3snc s<n cclc cc" hDung s+ nu 0hs )bh + 2s h0clsb*h c. Cs c c0sncn3+ dc bun"gus sh/u*h*ch 2scc+*us luc*u <n )lcns udsnch sh: nu b3s )b 4s nu b3s ch*c )b 4 su. P<n+ 4s"n *bhdclc 0sn3ss cs c b cls)+ h cbhcc*ss: c s0)b* hn s+ b cunb4 s <n /cdc*ch )*c3us*ss 4s cCc*cs +*ss. (9. Ss"phtsh !h"cnsl!r%. Mul c s+ dbb<ndc4 s sl+/s*ch gcnc*hl+% dh* 0hs 0ul subs*ch? 3snc cu0/h dc s ch% ccl 0hs 0ul dc

7B6
s *+dusn3+: <ncc)c cu hccch 4s cbn snu+ cu hcchs h. Nu hDungc c0sncn3h <n.cs *+*slb*% dc4s sc sub<n3clcgc% c+cs c u4b* s+ c<4 sgs h2cc ul du)+ cc hs c<4 sgh cbncc) ul. C nc/bsc% dh*% )cn *u bsnc"0c*s h*c% dc bsnc2hcc*c? s+ 2hcs bsnclc cu h0<ndbu+ 0<snslc% /b*bc bunc 4s 2h) c 4s 0hs bunc% s+ subc4 s ch s+ 2ss subs 7. Cu* cnsh c cch 0hs 0h*c /*hD+ )bls sc+ h 0h*slb* bh0cns. <n sndc 0<nh 0hs <n <s ss)*+/slb* 4s"hbsh )c u*0+ )cnclb* 6? dc lh b4 s*c lh b 4 s*c sc*ss+(% c+cs cCss + b ss0)h sc h sc*ss b*slb*% 4s c /c4nsc+. (&. Nu c-h#crh nscs!dht%. Mh*c )*cbcu)h*c h h cn3scs% s+ nu /b*bc4 s <n su)c*lh s/c% 2sc )cn *u h nu *ssch s+ b2cnsc.s hdc/+*ul% 2sc )cn *u h nu"3s s sg0h s.h cu0sn3cnsh. CChgc*+*slc s<n *sss)c hlc )*c3us*ss 4s sc0n dc )u3sn+ h c h cunbh4 c*ss 4s gus ulus. Lhudh *c.c4 c /su cu*sb.s h ch% d+ )sn cns db*sn3cs% sh* h)bs% dhc+ /hlbh*ch nu cb*cs)undc )*c3us*ss% cu0 sc <n <0)s+ dc bbsccs% h4 c) h*ch sc"n bh*cc <0)b *s/h h0+gs*ss 4s sc dcs)+gubc4 c dss)*c3usnd bbscc ul lhudcs 4s )c clbgsh b*. Cu0sn clc )*bccdch.+% h4hdh*% 2bh* c 0+su*h 4s /*ch s+ )+c+ ushsc+ 0hs 0ul )*sn scu* s0c dcc< )*sn lungs0c. S<n *h*c c0sncn3clc? )*c3us*ch s+ sc c0)c*c.c. Lhudh cCccss/+ c l+s h* dc 0sncsun+ 4s"3s )sc*.s h4h *c)u h3sh dc bun"gus % ch*c c 0h*c% 4s )c cch dc )*scc)u % ch*c"s 4s 0hs 0h*c. (7. Dcsprc hsccndcntul ksrcsc%. C b )u c*c hsnsc+ h su)c*sb*s +3ss. Nu *cbusc s+ )u*cchd+ dsn *"un h* s2scsu su)+*+ b*% cs dsn *"b nh u*+ hu b*s h*+. Tb3s s sc su)un% 2+*+ h"4s dh sch0h cu0% *ccunbsc<nd /sgbh*ch hsnsc+ h hu b*s +3ss <nn+scu c. Hcc4 sh% 2s*s db0snh bh*c% s<n *cgs )*sn 0c*s 4s lcs )*sn )*s/slcgsu nh s/% subDug<ndu"lc cclb*lhl3s sns0h 4s chsh* g<ndul% <n /s* u ch *cs)cc ulus lb*. Dhc+ <s 2h/b*s.ch.+ 4s cclclhl c <n.cs *+*s% s"hu n+scu )cn *u cclc dsn <s chu.c )bls scc% )cn *u c+ 2hc 0hs 0ul c"un gcs dcc< hl3ss cu b )lc b*+. (6. G*hdc4tc cu ccs pusns 4s !r!c4tc cu ccs "uls%. H /bs s+"nhsn c.s cbn *h cu*cn ulus cs c )c c< dc s0)bssbsl )cn *u dc."

h0+gs*c% )c"h < dc lcsnc )cn *u )c*scbl. Nu0hs Sbc*h c h* )u ch s"b 2hc+7. P+*c*ch cbn *h*+ c cbnssdc*h + Dsgns*c% )cn *u c+ <nsch0n+ cbndh0nh*ch Dudcc+3ss cclb*lhl3s: sc <n0ul3csc nc0ul3u0s3ss% 2sc dsn chu.h subscc ulus ccn.u*h % 2sc dsn chu.h% cclus ch*c"& h)lhudh. Hdc/+*ul c )cn *u )u3sns% h0+gs*ch c )c c< dc cb0un+% )c"h < dc /ulgh*+. <n3clc) ul nu *cbusc dcdus nscs du)+ cu/<n h*ch dsn )sh3+% dcbh*ccc hcblb nu /b*bc4 c cu glhsul s+u% cs cu hcclh hl )*bs scs bb4 c4 s% chsh* dhc+ sn c*sb*ul s+u b dc.0sn c. Cu0sn clc c/s + 4s s+ cbn *h.sc+% 4s s+ 2sc cbn *h.ss? )c c< c dc )*b0) lh c*s sc+% )c"h < c dc *c3snu s"b 2hc+ )ublsc+. B)snsh c lsbc*+% nu )bh c 4s nu *cbusc s+ 2sc /sblcn h +? sc *c *hgc <n shnc uh*ul +cc*ss shlc 4s% dhc+ uncb*s sc 0hns2cs +% b 2hcc sub )*b cc3sh cclb* )u3sns 4s cu0sn3s. ((. Ss"phtsc cu "hrss !r!hs%. Cbncb*dh*ch cu c*bss c <n.cs *h*c dc c*bu )*sn hsn+ 4s 2blbs. CCss + <n*uds*s dc sns0s 4s 2s*s. 4s c2cc clc lb* s<n cclc )c ch*c sgnb*hn3h /ulgh*+ lc h *sbusc clsCs*clb*. Nu sc b)*c4 c dbh* lh )*c3us*c% cs hn scs)+ bun+/bsn3h 4s hDungc chsh* lh <nclsnh3sc: cbn/sngc 2+*+ cu/sn c 4s bb3snc 2+*+ 0c*s c. C hc s/+ 4s )hss/+7% 4s unh% 4s hl h cu h < 0hs 2c*scs c% cu c< 0hs subls0c. Mh*c dsb+csc s+ lc cunb4 s% s+ lc dss sngs 4s s+ 4 ss h lc dbb<nds. c+cs nu"s )c*sc/c*cn3+ dc hDuns 2+*+ hcchs + 2h/bh*c scc*c +. (B. S+ u0c0s, nu s h!u0c0s dc sclc4u#urs. Nu *cbusc s+ 2hcs )h*hd+ dc clc% nccu0 s+ lc dhs <n /slchg? b*scc
h* + *cbusc hscuns+% c+cs c sus)cc +% 4s cu h < 0hs 0ul cch h 4s*c cnscs% ch*c
c bdsbhs+. H0+gs*ch c 0ul 2blbss +: s)b*chsc+ b+nushlh% dh* 2+*+ h sc 2hcc cunbscu +% c+cs h* )*slcDus nc<nc*cdc*ch? nc0ul3u0c4 c 0ul 4s"0)sngc lh *+.bunh*c% *c.c4 c *+ul )c ch*c nu 3s l"hs <nchs)us . Chsb.usn3+ <n cb0)b* h*c c dc 0h*c 2blbs <n luc*h*c? nu cCss + b 0hs <nsc0nh + )*cbcu)h*c h *h3sunss. Cch 0hs 0h*c )c*2cc3sunc h hc3sunslb* c gh*hn h + dc hu b*s h ch cu ch*c s<n s+/<*4s c. (A. C!rcctch03s hntsphtsh%. Bbs4nus0 s+ u*<0 g*h us % 4s chsh* <nhsn c dc"h sbcb s <n.cs *+*slc )*c/+.u c. s uncb*s% hcchs + /ulgh*s.h + h/c*ssunc <nn+scu + sc"ncu0c + 4s cbn *h b+*bh3slb* c0sncn3s. S+ b cb*cc c.c cu0sn3cnsh% c+cs nu c dssc*cds h*c 0hs *ch dcc< h"s dc cs h )c ccs 0hs buns? )c c< dc"n+l3+ bh*c c ss0)h sh cu c*bss% )c"h < c dc s sg0h s.hn + hn s)h sh. (5. 1u#s 8c hn#h7rs%. C unul dsn )*s0clc bbscc s/c hlc )*udcn3cs. Lh 0h*slc ch)hcs +3s s<n b dchunh 0h*s dss hn3c )<n+ lh ul s0clc *csu*sc: c 0ul dc 0c*s dc lh b cC *c0+ lh hl h."sh* cs s hu 0c*cu <n 0sDlbcul cu0sn3cnscs lb*? hDung <*.su lh *u) u*+% c+cs c 0hs u4b* s+ c sus *hgs uncs hnghD+*s dcc< s+ sc4s cu bsnc dsn ch. S<n ss)s c7 hlc Dudcc+3ss% 0hs ssgu* s+ 2ugs dc clc dcc< s+ lc"n/sngs. B hnghDh*c hducc hl h 0hs 0h*c 4s c 2bh* c h)*bh)c dc 2hls0cn . S<ns bh0cns )*b/bch b*s dsn 2s*c% shu chsh* )*sn nh3sc% gh h b*sc<nd s+ sc /<*c"n bblsgh3ss% dh* csnc u0bl+ <n lu0snh *h3sunss c b dchunh 2bh* c h cn lh <0)*cDu*h*c: cbnssdc*+ c+ c 0hs 0h*c cu*hDul dc"h nu c hnghDh dcc< dc"h <n/sngc 4s% chsh* dhc+ sc s/c4 c un )*bs )*b/bch b*% c/s + s+ 2sc% cu cl% dbs. (8. B" cu hd"cs"s. t!t ht*tch hrc ch pcrs!hn%. Tb dchunh sn c*sb*ul *cbusc s+ 2sc <n b ul <nc+ )c"h < h c< cC c*sb*ul. S<n sn4s nu0hs dc 2h3hd+% ch ns4 c chsc ncss)*+/s c dsn ls)s+ dc 0sDlbhcc? hu sn *h*ch dc )hlh 4s dc cbcsbhb+ <nc+)c*slc. Lh cs n"hs cu0 *hgc% shu *hgs dc b % )cn *u c+% b dh + ss)*+/s )*s0ul shlu % s"h ss)*+/s 4s cbn/c*sh3sh. B )b*ncsc cu )*s0clc cu* cnss ch ns4 c chs sscslscns 7% dh*
7B5
B7 ...cu"ptul6 C2. Dssc% @S#: Br., 8% BB. B6 Dsls#cnt 4s sntcls#cnt6 C2. Dssc% @@S: Hsc., @@@. B6" #*ndc4tc *ndclun#6 C2. )*b/c*bul >Pcnsh* dcs)hcsb ! bb*h* h)*ssh" ;>G<ndc4 c <ncc 4s hc3sbnch.+ su c"E. B6" hlchr# *ncct6 <n lh .% >2cs snh lcn c"% scn sn3+ h *sbus + dc Suc bnsus lus Hugus us. B( 1ss !rh cu"sntc6 C2. Hsc, @L#SS: Crst., SS% 8: SSS% A. B( Pc lcul "!rt...6 #c.s P!l, nb h 57. B(6 Cu curh7ul nu3s dc #lu"st? #c.s .schlh )b)ulh*+ <n*cgss *h + dc Rbd*sguc. Mh*sn% >Nb hh! bu*lhs cbn cl h0b*"% ;>Cu d*hgbs ch nu"s dc glu0s "E% 2blbss + 4s dc Chldc*bn ch s lu hl uncsh dsn *c cb0cdsslc shlc. 7B8 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS

7B'
B8. *n h s tc hdhptc0s%. Nu *cbusc s+ c h*+3s u u*b*h lh 2cl dc )*scc)u % nscs s+ 2blbsc4 s 0hs 0ul c 2b*3c dcc< c nc/bsc: s+ nu 2hcs *sss)+ nscs dc 4 ssn3+% nscs dc 0c*s c? bunul 4bs0h* nu lhnsch.+ c+ *c )*hd+ 0hs 0ul c *+)s bh*c dcc< c nc/bsc ch s"b /<nc.c. Nu c h*+ h 0c*cu% c+cs 0<snc")bs0<snc nu /cs 0hs us0s. S+ hs b dchunh b nbu h c cu ch*c s+ s *+lucc4 s% <n *uc< csnc .slnsc dc./+lusc 0hs 0ul <n *c3snc 0c*cu h4 c) h*ch 4s nu s sc dcscb)c*+ nscsbdh + hb h*clc 0h*ss ch)hcs +3s. B'. B" cu 0h !un%. <n chsh Kb* uncs% dhc+ sn *s )c u4h )l+cc*ss% sc4s )c cch h du*c*ss% 4s sn/c*s: h cn3sc% dh*% lh s2<*4s % <ng*sDsndu" c 0hs 0ul dc nb*bcul dc lh sc4s*c dcc< dc h)lhu.clc dc lh sn *h*c. Rcs *s4 ch cb0un+ h nb*bcb4slb* cs c c+ hu <ncc)u u*s 2bh* c )*sclnscc 4s s21*4s u*s ncs)us dc *hgscc. H)bgcul nu s +"n h)lhu.clc
/ulgh*c dc lh sn *h*c% c+cs bh c s<n h)lhudhbslc% cs <n ss03s*ch bb4 chsc+ dc lh sc4s*c% c+cs *h*s s<n ccs *cg*c h3s: *h*cb*s <s <nsb3c4 c nb*bcul )c ccs cc scs: )c c< sc"h*h + dc cu* cns b* cu ccs cc /sn% )c"h < dc nc)bls scbs cu ccs cc )lchc+. A9. 8udccs !unc%. Unss sc nhsc )*udcn3s: sn *+"n <n/+3+ u*+ cu hccs h/hn hD hl bunulus"ss03 nh s/% 4s hs 2cl hu 4s )h*cu*s Du0+ h c dsn d*u0ul c+ *c succcsc. Cu /<*s h 4s cC)c*scn3h% *h3sunch sc cbhcc dc)lsn% 4s cs hDung lh b Dudcch + 2bh* c cu0)+ns +: u*+sc b*scc ch)*scsu ch )c"b ss)s + h cu0sn3cnscs% 4s 0hs cu sch0+ <n )*bblc0c dc s h % undc% dh b*s + s0)b* hn3cs lb* su)*c0c% sc cc*c ssgu*hn3+ 2+*+ g*c4. Hsc0cnch bh0cns 0c*s + s+ s ch lh c<*0+% 2sc )cn *u 0<nus*ch cs% 2sc )cn *u s2h . A&. C"sncn *n cc3s "hs !un%6 ! 0h*c ssngulh*s h c <n *"b )lu*hls h c dc dcs+/<*4s*s. Nu )bh c cCss h c*bu 2+*+ /*cb cul0c subls0+: 0cdsbc*s +3slc nu s<n bbscc hl h)lhu.clb*. C0sncn3h <n *"b sluDb+ *c0h*chbsl+ c scbh c dsn /ulgh*s h ch cb0un+ 4s c"nhl3+ lh ch cgb*sh cCcc)3sbnhlulus. H 2s c0sncn <n *"b )*b2cssc u0sl+ <nsch0n+
h 2s cc/h <n )u3sn? cu c< b2c*+ 0hs 0ul + dclcc h*c% cu h < 0hs )u3sn+ glb*sc. CCcclh*ch <n db0cnss )*s/slcgsh c c bh*ccu0 b *+s+ u*+ h su/c*hns +3ss? s0)unc hd0s*h3sh 4s h *hgc h2cc3sunch. A7. Lucrch0 cu uncltc !unc%. Unss /b* ch cC *c0h sub sls +3ss lb* s+ *bnc.c <n Dbsnscsh uncl clb*? sh ss2hc3sc )*s0cDdsbhs+% /*cdnsc+ dc b )cdch)s+ 2h hl+. Dcs bsnscsh 0snss *ulus n"h 4 s*bs nscsbdh + 0+*c3sh )h *bnulus: 0hs cu*<nd% bh + glb*sh succcsclb* *cchdc h)bs hsu)*h chu.cs )*sncs)hlc% ch 4s% ds0)b *s/+% bch*h. Khs0h 0c*gc b dchunh cu )*s0ss. Nu .scc nscsbdh +? hcclh h h/u 0sns4 *s buns shu )*b4 s% cs? hcclh h 2bs 0c4 c* bun shu )*bs . S+ *chc+% h4hdh*% )*sn hlcgc*c% )*sn cCh0snh*c% 2ssndc+ lb* ls sc /h <nc*cdsn3h nc0u*s*ch uncs *c)u h3ss. A6. C-cclhrc cu *nt*scthtc%. Sh* dhc+ 4s cu c0sncn3+% <ndbs +. Mh*c h/hn hD s+ Dbcs 0<nh<n <s% dcbh*ccc <n cbnds3ss cghlc c<4 sgs. Mul3s h* 2s 2bs 2cnsc4s <n sluDbclc lb*% dhc+ nu lc"h* 2s luh "b hl3ss <nhsn c. P*s0ss sc" hlcg cu bh + 0b4 cns*ch 2hs0cs% )cn *u ccs dc du)+ cs *+0<nc sub.ss cn3h bb3snu + )*sn )*bccs 7: b*sc< h* n+du4s% nu )b ss)+4s /ulgh*ul bc c4ug hl s0s h3scs. Sub sls h c dc )*bdsgsb4s h 2bs n+scbcs*ch dc nbs d*u0u*s )cn *u c0sncn3c% nu0hs s+ lc gh*hn c.c <ns+ cu0sn3cnsh <ncc*c+*slc. <n3clc)3ss 4s"hu 2+cu lbc <n ch hlbgul c*bslb* )*sn nbu h ch )*cbcu)+*slb*. Unss /b* s+ 2sc 0hs dcg*hb+ )*s0ss <n h dbuh ch cgb*sc dcc< sccun.s <n )*s0h. A(. *n h s tc p0c4ts dc ncch0urs%. H c 2c*s dc nc)l+cc*s c cu0sn3cnsc u sl+. <n3clc)csunch c/s + 0ul c? cs c Lucsnh7 nb*bculus 4s% ch h h*c% h 0ul3u0s*ss. #c4 slc *clc nu lc dh 4s% cu h < 0hs )u3sn% nu lc )*s0s? *cbusc s+ ls sc sn c*.sc+ sn *+*slc% cu cCcc)3sh cclcs h lchculus. Unb*h ls sc cb*u) u*cchslc dc c< dulcc hud <n lsngu4s*s: hl b*h% dc c< h0h* hscul +"n b<*2cls% 4s s<n unss ch*c nu )b *+s 2+*+ /*cb nc)l+cc*c cb sdshn+% cu0 nscs Ms *sdh c 2+*+ b *h/+6. Rcgul+ h )+s *+*ss hlc nu c <ns+ nscs /bsn3h dc h"3s )*s"csnus un ncch. dc"b /sh3+ ch s+" s 2hcs b dh + )l+cc*c hl ush% 2sc cl ccl 0hs h)*b)sh . S+ nu )+c+ usc4 s nscsbdh + <0)b *s/h )*b)*scs
hlc 2c*scs*s ch s+"s 2hcs )c )lhc cclus cc d+ s2h u*s 4s *+0<nc h2h*+% sh* <n b*scc <0)*cDu*h*c% b*s dc c< c b*s h* 2s dc hlcs <n *c h"s 2hcc hl ush b bucu*sc 4s h"3s 2hcc 3sc *+u% b lcc3sc dc 2blbs s)unc c+ 0hs bsnc s+ sc h0+*hsc+ ccl+lhl hcu0 dcc< u )c u*0+ 4s 2+*+ lchc. AB. Gust hlcs%. Sc cc*c cul s/h % ch 4s sngcnsb.s h ch. CCcclcn3h <n3clcgc*ss *clsc2ch.+ h)c s ul db*sn3cs% sh* h)bs% )l+cc*ch )bscssunss7% <n+l3s0ch uncs ch)hcs +3s sc cunbh4 c du)+ clc/h3sh <nclsnh3scs. B 0h*c ch)hcs h c% s)*c h sc <0)lsns% h*c nc/bsc dc un bbscc 0h*c: h4h cu0 0h*slc <0buc+ u*s s<n )cn *u gu*slc 0h*s% 0h c*sslc subls0c )cn *u subls0clc 2s*s. <s 4 su dc 2*sc+ cclc 0hs <nd*+.nc3c bbscc c% 4s cclc 0hs ssgu*c dcs+/<*4s*s <4s )sc*d <nc*cdc*ch <n ssnc: s<n )u3snc cclc dc )*s0+ 0+*s0c? 2sc *h*+ )*c3us*ch. Gus u*slc sc dcs)*snd )*sn *clh3ss 4s sc 0b4 cncsc )*sn cbn snus h c? 0h*c nb*bc s+ cb0unscs cu csnc/h cc"& h*c"n h)bgcu. Tb u4s nu *cbusc s+ dcclh*s c+ b ul <3s dss)lhcc% )cn *u c+ c unh dsn cChgc*+*slc )*bs c4 s% 0hs bdsbhs+ dsn h2cc h*c dcc< dsn ncs+"bus*c. Unss h* /*ch6 ch Du0nc.cu s+ c*cc.c hl + lu0c 4s hl c )c*2cc3suns )cn *u 0ul3u0s*ch 2hn c.scs lb* cC *h/hghn c. AA. Htcnsc ch s3s shs !snc lucrurslc,. Unss shu h0sn c 0hs 0ul lh *sgbh*ch ds*cc3scs dcc< lh 2c*scs*ch h sngc*ss scb)ulus% dh* b dchunh 0hs g*cu h <*n+ dssc*cds ul nc2c*scs*ss dcc< ncs *+0u" h*ch dslsgcn cs.
<n/sng+ b*ul n"h*c dc dh sbcb chl+. Ccs 0hs 0ul3s nscs nu bbsc*/+ cChc s h ch cs*cu0s hn3clb*% cs *c.ul h clc bunc shu )*bhs c% d*c) ch*c nu"3s )sc*.s nscsbdh + *c)u h3sh c<nd <3s h sngs scb)ul. Un s2<*4s bun )blcsc4 c b ul&% chsh* dhc+"& dc."
0sn g*c4clslc 0sDlbhcclb*% c+cs c b h* + s+ 0c*gs <0)b *s/h h* cs% dhc+ hl 0sn c*s nu )b3s dbb<nds 2c*scs*ch dc" h sc4s bsnc. A5. Prckcr slu7!clc nplhudh!slc%. Mhs bh c luc*u*slc dc)snd dc sh ss2hc3sh cclb*lhl3s. P*c3us*ch c )cn *u dcs+/<*4s*s ccch cc c 2h/b"nsul )cn *u 2lb*s? su2lh*c 4s /sh3+. S<n sluDbc cC)usc hclh0h3scs uns/c*shlc% 4s s<n hl clc% dc4s 0hs 0h*s% dclbc /s.sbslc: hcclch% s+/<*4sndu"sc <n /+.ul u u*b*h% ch) ch.+ bun+/bsn3h bb4 chsc+: hccs ch% dc4s 0hs d+*us c cu cCcclcn3+ 4s hh*% *+0<n <n hsnh s0)c*"cc) sbsls +3ss lb*? /cnc*h c% dh* nch)lhudh c. P*sn *c su/c*hns% bs*us b*ss s<n ccs )*bsl+/s3s% 4s dc"hccch *cgss H*hgbnulus hu 2bs h < dc h)lhudhbsls ch *+.bbsnscs% cucc*s b*s 4s 0+*sns0b4s7. Mh*clc b+*bh s+ )*c2c*c sluDbclc cclcb*c% )c ch*c b3s s+ lc /hd+ 4s s+ lc"0)+* +4chsc+% 4s s+ *+0<n+ s0b* hls.h )*sn su2*hgsslc bb4 c4 s. A8. Cults *nclc#crch. C dc 0hs 0h*c dcs+/<*4s*c dcc< s+ cul s/s 0c0b*sh% <n *uc< 4s c 0hs 0h*c. Uncb*s *cbusc s+ *ch0sn c4 s% hl cb*s s+ )*c/ss. Unss *cnun3+ s+ 2hc+ bc0hs luc*u*slc ch*c"h* 2s 2bs <n h)bgcu% )cn *u c+ nu lc *ccc )*sn g<nd: hDu c"s h uncs bbsc*/h3sh )*sc cnchsc+ s+ <n3clchg+ 2blbhsclc. Unul dsn cclc 0hs 0h*s h/hn hDc hlc 0sn3ss cs c s+ *chls.c.c cc c s0)b* hn . K+*+ hcchs h% *+0<n nc<0)lsns c 0ul c s.b<n.s. S+ dch lu0snh ccl cc"b h*c 4s s+ b cch*+ csnc b cc*4c4 c&? hcclh cu )*udcn3+% hccs h cu h cn3sc: c dc hDuns b hlu.sc. C ncccsh*+ hcchs + sub sls h c c<nd c <n Dbc 2blbsul cclus cc dc4 ch) +7: ch + s+ h*+3s bun"gus 4s s+ *ccs lh 0hs 0ul dc nu /h 2s dc"hDuns? b dh + cc hs nu"ul% )b*nc4 c <n c+u h*ch lus dh cu dsb+csc% c+cs dc cclc 0hs 0ul c b*s nu"& bb3ss 2ssndc+ nu <ncc*cs. A'. Nu tc plcch uncs t!hnc ul#hrc%. Mh*c b0 ccl cc nscsbdh + nu sc su)unc unb* s0)*csss ch)*scsbhsc. C lcc3sc dc )*c"
A'7 hcul dc !hlhn...6 C0blc0h >P*udcn cs" dc Hlcsh s h*c ch clc0cn )*sncs)hl b bhlhn3+% slus *<nd scn sn3h lus Clcbbul? >M+su*h c luc*ul ccl 0hs bun"% Dsb"gcncs Lhc* sbs% !p. cst., S% '6% cd. cs .% ). &(6. 59 *n h s rcku0s6 C2. Dssc, @@SS: Br., &(% &67% 76B: Crst., SS% &&: SSS% 6. 597 pcntru ccs cc #u crnch06 Rb0c*h Nh/h**b ;BM. ). &(8E cs ch.+ h2s*0h3sh h *sbus + dc G. Bb c*b $Dctts "c"!rh!sls, 2bl. B*E ch*dsnhlulus Cn*scb Ghc hnb? >Ms dsssc chc chs nbn sh)c/h ncgh*c% nbn sh)c/h *cgnh*c...: nbn 0s )h* cbsh nsssunh )su ds22scslc 1 un P*cncs)c chc ds sh)c* ncgh*c cbn g*h sh c cbn sh ss2h sbnc hl *us." Cb**chs <n*cgss *ch.+ )*b/c*bul? %I& Fuc nb shbc ncgh*% nb shbc *csnh*". 596 J#u"ul 4s dh"ul? C2. Hn bnsb Pc*c.% Prs"crhs chrths, C@L@% BHC% . @SSS% ). (88? >s )bh c bc0hs dc"hccch h *cbus s+ 2sc cclc
0hs scu* c dsn *c bh c dh"ul 4s nu"ul% )cn *u ch bh0cnss s+ 2sc *c)cdc dc.h0+gs3s c+ <nsc4s cu/sn clc dcs snh c s+ dc.h0+gchsc+ s<n cclc 0hs scu* c" ;HH"BG. BC% ). &56 hE. 5& J#u R snc!nscc cnt...6 C2. Dssc, #S. 264 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS
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)us dbh* )c glu0+ nu"s nscsbdh + b0 hdc/+*h . Pc"hcc4 sh<s )unc0 )c"hcclh4s )lhn cu 0sncsnb4ss% ncd<ndu"lc c*c.h*c? unb*h% dc ch0h 0sncsunss% cclb*lhl3s% dc"h .c2lc0clss. Nu sc 4 sc nscsbdh + c<nd /b*bcsc cu ch)% ccch cc c ch 4s cu0 nu l"h* h/ch. Nu c ncch. 0hs 0h*c ch un hh. nccu*0h . Hl3ss"4s 2hc *cnu0c dc 0uchls3s% dh* <4s )sc*d c*cds ul dc cu0sn3s. Jb/shls h ch *cbusc s+"4s hsb+ 0b0cn ul s+u. )c bh c cclclhl c% sc*sb.s h ch. ==. n-h/ s tc dcprs"s cu tbp0. Judscsbs P*b cu? cu dbc ul% dbc % 4s cu s2<n ul. sl<n . Mh*c h* + dc h"s c<4 sgh )c
b3s% 2ssndc+ hsc0+nh*ch h *hgc bun+/bsn3+. Bb.sc*/+ 2s*slc 4s hdh) ch.+" c 2scc+*ush? sc*sbsulus 4s Db/shlulus% u*0ch.+"lc cu*cn ul% 2+c<nd *hns2b*0h*c )bls sc+? u*gcn + )cn *u dc)cndcn3s. Hcchs + 0h*c sub sls h c h /sc3ss ncccss + b 0h*c ch)hcs h c: 0hs )u3sn ds2scsl+ )cn *u b+*bh ul uns/c*shl ch sngcnsb.s h c <n cunb4 sn3c 4s ch 2s*c <n gus u*s. 58. Hrth *nccpcrss%. P*bs sh sn *+ b dchunh d<nd bu.nh% c+cs b3s )*b4 ss s<n <n2s)3s. <nsu4s ss0)lss0ul lb*% ch*c"s <0)scdsc+ 0hs <n <s s+ bbsc*/c nchDunsu*slc% <s sch)+ h)bs 4s dc 0<hns*ch dc.hs *clb*. Dh* Cu0sn3cnsh <ncc)c cu 0ul hc : cc*cc h4ss cs s<n Luh*ch"h0sn c 4s P*c/cdc*ch? 0c*g <n *ccunbh4 c*c% ch s+ )u*cchd+ 2+*+ *sscu*s. B*scc Tc0c*s h c c bs<nds + dc Chsb.usn3+ lh )*+/+ls*c% chsh* dhc+ Nb*bcul b hbsbl/+ uncb*s. T*cbusc s+ 0c*gs cu sbcb sn3+ )c undc c c0s dc 0h*s hd<ncs0s? s+ h hcc Shghcs h ch 4s s+ c<4 sgc c*cn P*udcn3h. S<n )*hgu*s 0h*s hs +.s <n *clh3sslc cu bh0cnss: c bsnc s+ 0c*gs h*unc<nd 0c*cu sbndh. 5'. U"!hrc cu u"!r%. Mbdc*h % c <n.cs *h*c% nu cusu*. Un g*+un c dc /bsb4sc d+ gus bun lh b*scc. s ccs 0hs 0h*s bh0cns Dbhc+ )scsh hh.ulus% ch*c h *hgc ss0)h sh uns/c*shl+. C+u <nd <ns+ 0c*cu lh bb*h.ul cu0sn3cnscs 4s )u* <nd *cs)cc cu/ssn3cs. Hl3ss dsn *"b /b*b+ dc duh <4s 2hc scu* + u*+ dc sc4s dsn b*scc <ncu*c+"
55" *n h s tc dcprsn0s cu t!s6 S"h bbsc*/h sn2lucn3h dbc *sncs lus Sgnhdb dc Lb!blh hsu)*h hccs us h2b*ss0? >H!udh hun cl cbn2b*0h*nbs cbn sus cbndscsbncs cbndcsccndc* cbn cllbs: ! dsss0ulh* cbn cllbs ! shls* cbn nbsb *bs% hhcscndbnbs b0nsh b0nsbus". Rsbhdcnc!*h. Rhts! Auh" sn # !c"hndss, <n Hk!nu"cnth. Scrsc Auhrth. Scrspth dc St. S4nhts!, &.&% Mhd*sd% &'9(% hpud HH"BG. BC% ). &5B h. C2. 4s & C!r., '% 77? >B0nsbus b0nsh 2hc us su0" ;>Tu u*b* bh c 0"h0 2+cu "E. 58& Hrth *nccpcrss6 Hdsc+ h* h dc h <ncc)c b hc3sunc% b b)c*+% shu dc h hbb*dh b <n *c)*sndc*c. S"h sc0nhlh hsc0+nh*ch dsn *c hccs h2b*ss0 4s CS dcsc!s! dc MsFucl Cb0hlhdh% sns)s*h dsn Rh0bn Llull ;BP"BG. BC% ). 6'&E. 5' U"!hrc cu u"!r. C2. Dssc, S@: Br., 5A% 7(&. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 7A5
u*+% c+cs s<n luc*u*s cc *cbusc luh c <n glu0+% 4s uncb*s bc0hs hcclch )c ch*c ccl+lhl lc sh 0hs <n sc*sbs. C sc0n dc scnsn+ h c% dc c<*lsg lh sns0s. 89. Htcnsc lh prs"srch 4tsrsl!r%. T*+s0 0hs 0ul dsn 4 s*s% ccl 0hs )u3sn dsn cc /cdc0? *+s0 <nc*c.<ndu"nc <n ccslhl3s. Hu.ul c h dbuh u4+ h hdc/+*ulus7 4s cch )*sncs)hl+ h 0sncsunss. Dc bbsccs% hdc/+*ul sc /cdc% <n 0bd cCcc)3sbnhl sc hudc: *h*cb*s nc hDungc <n s h*c )u*+ 4s cu h < 0hs )u3sn c<nd /snc dc dc)h* c: hducc b dchunh 4s un h0cs cc dsn h2cc clc )*sn ch*c *ccc. Ph s0h /b)sc4 c <n culb*slc cs b cc h sngc% c<nd bs sl+% c<nd bsnc/bs bh*c: sndc 0c*cu s+ s0)*cssbnc.c? 0h*c g*sD+ cu csnc lhud+% 0hs 0h*c cu csnc bc+*+4 c. Hscs c nc/bsc dc bh + h cn3sh s)*c h dcscb)c*s sn cn3sh 0sDlbcs b*ulus% cunbsc<nd dsnhsn c )c cc )scsb* cs c. Ksc )*cchu3sh )sh *+ dc <ncc*ch*c h ch)ulus 4s chl)ulus6. 8&. K+ u0 dc prs"cnsrch strlucsrss%. C )*s/slcgsu dc 2cnsC. CCcclh*ch c su)us+ <0b+ *<ns*ss% 4s cu ch% 2hs0h: dc)*sndc*ch 0sc4b*ch.+ hd0s*h3sh% sh* b nbu h c 0cdsbc*+ <n/sngc dc bbsccs 4s cch 0hs 0h*c c0sncn3+ <0b+ *<ns +. K+ u.% h4hdh*% dc *cnh4 c*c <n cu*hD% <n 0sn c% <n bh c? h/cn u*ch.+" c <n nbu +3s dc s)lcndbh*c% *+s+*snd dc 0ul c b*s ch sbh*clc% schs0b<nd ch *clc s *+lucs*ss% )cn *u ch <n *"unus ls)sh 4s"n hl ul nbu h ch s+ h *hg+ hscs h)lhu.clc% 4s hcblb db*sn3h. 87. Nu cpus0h nscs!dht nscs rul, nscs !snclc%. Lh 0+su*+ <n bh c h *cdus un <n3clc) bh + <n3clc)csunch7. Su)*c0h d*c) h c
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85 Cultur s *"p!d!!src6 C2. Dssc% @#SSS. 88& C!"p!rthrch...6 C2. Dssc., SSS: Hsc, 7(. 887 gu/c*nh*c... dsss"ulhrc6 C2. scn sn3h >Ncscs *cgnh*c% Fus ncscs dsss0ulh*c"% h *sbus + <0)+*h ulus Tsbc*su 4s 2blbss + 4s dc Ludb/sc hl @l"lch hl K*hn3cs. #c.s Cr., SS. 8'& Cun!h4tcrc dc ssnc6 C2. Cr., S@: Dssc, #SSS? Br.. 6(% &A&% 77B% 768: Crst., SS% &&. Bh llb*s 4s Pc*hl h /+d <n hccs h2b*ss0 b
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'A. Dcsprc "hrch ssndcrc0%. C *bnul *h3sunss% bh.h )*c/cdc*ss% c+cs% dh b*s + cs% ns0c*s*ch 3sn cs cbs + )u3sn. C nb*bc cc*csc% 4s <nc+ ccl 0hs *</ns % ch <n <sul 4s ccl 0hs bun? )*s0h )scs+ dsn h*0u*+% dc"b h h*c u*gcn3+% <nc< nscs b hl h ch*c s"h* ls)ss unus b0 nu l"h* chls2sch d*c) ls)ss : 0snusul cs sc /cdc 0hCs0. Tbh c luc*+*slc /sc3ss dc)snd dc <n*<u*s*ch cs 4s bh c"s cc* cbn2s*0h*ch% c+cs b ul *cbusc s+ 2sc cu c*csc*. Cbns + dsn *"b <nclsnh*c <nn+scu + c+ *c b cc"s 0hs )b *s/s cu *h3sunch% <nsb3sndu"sc b dchunh cu cc"s 0hs ns0c*s . '5. D!!*ndc4tc 4spstsch03s rcputhsh. C u.u2*uc ul 2hs0cs. Cbs + scu0)% 2ssndc+ nh4 c dsn c0sncn3c% ch*c s<n lh 2cl dc *h*c )c c< dc cb0unc s<n 0cdsbc*s +3slc. B dh + dbb<nds +% c lcsnc dc )+s *h . Bblsg+ 0ul 4s *chls.ch.+ 4s 0hs 0ul . P*sn subls0s h ch b*sgsnss 4s"h s2c*cs shlc c un sbs dc 0hscs h c c<nd dc/snc
/cnc*h3sc: b u4s% nu0hs *c)u h3sh subs hn3shl+ c 0c*cu /hlb*bhs+. '8. *ncskrch03s !snh%. Phssunslc s<n )b* s3clc cugc ulus. Cch 0hs )*hc sc+ 4 ssn3+ cbns + <n dsss0ulh*c: csnc Dbhc+ dcscb)c*s *ssc+ s+ )sh*d+. Rc.c*/h )*cchu ulus lu) c cu h cn3sh cu*sbsulus? lsnc4slb* cu/<n ulus. sc)sslc l+un *ulus. Gus ul nu"3s 2sc cunbscu % )cn *u h nu"3s 2s )*c/cns % dc unss ch s+"& cbn *h.sc+% dc hl3ss ch s+"& 0+gulchsc+. ''. Rchlsthtc 4s hphrcn%. Luc*u*slc nu *cc d*c) ccch cc s<n % cs d*c) ccch cc )h*: s<n *h*s ccs cc )*s/csc )c dsn+un *u 4s 0ul3s ccs cc sc 0ul3u0csc cu h)h*cn3h. Nu c dc"hDuns s+ hs d*c) h c cu chs) dc *ch"c*cdsn3+.
&99. Br!ht dc0h"#st%6 c*c4 sn <n3clc) % cu* chn 2slb.b2. Dh* s+ nu )h*s h4h. nccu0 s"b ss0ulc.s. Kslb.b2h*ch c dssc*cds h +% dc4s c <ndclc nscs*c dc c+)c cnsc h"n3clc)3slb*. ssn3h cu0sn3slb* nu 0hs h*c hu b*s h c. Scncch h sn *bdus"b lh Rb0h: s"h )+s *h b /*c0c )c lh cu*3s: h.s *ccc d*c) s0)c* sncn3+. Dc.h0+gs*ch h 2bs <ns+ b dchunh h*hnh )*udcn3cs% dcs2+ h*ch sn cg*s +3ss. &9&. 8u"thtc dc lu"c s*dc dc cchlhlt 7u"thtc, *n pr!stsh tutur!rh%. Shu b ul c bun% shu b ul c *+u% du)+ )+*c*s: unul gbnc4 c du)+ ccch cc hl ul )*sgbnc4 c. P*bs snsu)b* hbsl ccl cc /*ch s+ b*dbnc.c b*scc bbscc du)+ )*b)*su"s cbncc) . Dcs+/<*4s*slc nu dc)snd dc un ssngu* )lhc? h < ch gus u*s c< c chs)u*s% 4s lh 2cl dc /h*sh c. Nu"s dc2cc 2+*+ h2cc % nscs nu *cbusc s+ c dcscu0)+nc4 s dsn )*scsn+ c+ un hnu0s luc*u nu lc )lhcc unb*h% c+cs nu /b* ls)ss hl3ss ch*c s+"& )*c3ushsc+: dh* nscs h)lhu.clc hccs b*h s+ nu"3s 2sc )*slcD dc <n2u0u*h*c% )cn *u c+ hl3ss <l /b* cbndh0nh. Rcgulh hdc/+*h cs 0ul3u0s*s c h)*bbh*ch b+*bh3slb* *c)u h3s 4s ch*c"4s )b dh )+*c*ch <n hcch b*dsnc dc luc*u*s. Nu *+s0 du)+ b ssngu*+ )+*c*c7% nscs du)+ un ssngu* bbsccs% nscs <n *"un ssngu* /chc. &97. St!"hc pcntru "hrs du"schs hs s!hrtcs%. <n *u)ul )*udcn3cs% b )s)b + nu c )h* ch cch 0hs nc<nsc0nh +% dcbh*ccc b 0h*c ch)hcs h c c hlc+ us + dsn )+*3s 0h*s. Bunclc nb*bhcc nu"& <0)b/+*ch.+ )c csnc 0c*s + hl clc 0hs 0h*s? ccch cc )cn *u unss c sndsgcs sc )cn *u hl3ss c <n2b0c h*c. Mul3s s<n ccs c+*b*h b*scc 2cl dc 0<nch*c 2bh* c hlcs lc chdc g*cu dsn chu.h )u3sn+ +3ss 2s*ss lb*% ncc*cscu + 4s ncn+scu + )cn *u sluDbc h < dc subls0c: *clh3sslc cu lu0ch ls sc h0+*1sc% sh* dsn )*scsnh 2u0u*slb* cc sc *sdsc+ dsn *c)u h3sh lb* chl)+% hDung s+"4s )sh*d+ ch)ul7: s<n <n 0h*c )*s0cDdsc <n lbcu*slc <nhl c% 4s nu"s <nch)c )sclch% )cn *u c+ nu <nch)c"n

75B
&9B. Nu ks !!!sst!r%. B0ul cu un ssngu* ncgb3 4s b ssngu*+ 0hnsc c dc bbsccs h)+s+ b*. Cbncs.sh c 0+guls bh*c 4s 0hs *cn hbsl+? c<4 sg+ )*sn cu* cnsc b cc )sc*dc )*sn scu* s0c. Cc"s bun% dc"s scu* % dc dbu+ b*s bun: 4s chsh* *+ul% dhc+"s )u3sn% nu"s h < dc *+u. Mhs c2schcc s<n chsn cscn3clc dcc< )cl clclc. s c un hdc/+* 4 su c+ b0ul lung *h* c )*scc)u 7% nu h < <n lh u*h 0h c*shl+ h s h u*ss% c< <n cch s)s*s uhl+ h dsscu*sulus. S<n bh0cns cc"s 0hs 0ul )b/h*+ dcc< )bdbhb+ uns/c*sulus% sculc hbhndbnh c% )c ch*c b3s lc bcblcsc. Dsscc*n+ b*ul s+ c/s c h dc*hnDh% 4s cu h < 0hs )u3sn )c 0h*slc )c*sbnhDc% ch*c *+scsc ncs)us dc bcu)h c% 4s"h* 2s 0hs *+u s+"& ulbu*s )c unul dsn *c clc dcc< b *cs ul lu0ss. Cc"s bsnc s)us sc s)unc su c. &9A. Nu khcc phrhd dc n!r!c%. Mhs 0ul b2cnsc.s l+ud<ndu" c cu *hngul dcc< cu )c*sbhnh. H"3s dh hc*c cs c bdsbs? <3s c*h dcs ul s+ 2ss )s.0us . Cbnssdc*h3sh b dbb<ndc4 s cu h < 0hs )u3sn cu c< b chu3s 0hs 0ul : ch dc)sndc dc *cs)cc ul cclb*lhl3s 4s% ch h h*c% nu b )b3s luh% cs s"b 0c*s3s )c"h cclb*lhl3s 4s s"b h4 c)3s. SluDbclc <nhl c cc* g*h/s h c )b *s/s + cCc*cs +*ss lb*% 2+*+ dc ch*c nu sc )b )*hc sch <n 0bd dc0n. P+s *ch."b )c cch cu/cns + ch s+ c hchs3s <n cscn3+ dc bblsgh3sslc lb*: n"b c)us.h% hDu "b: 4s b3s ccs cc 2hc )c hc s/ss 7 <n sluDb+ h*h + c+ n"b 0c*s hu 4s c+ *hngul lc c su)c*sb*. Dhc+ c s+ c h2s*0s% 2+"b 0hs dcg*hb+ )*sn c0sncn3h <n.cs *+*slb* hlc dcc< )*sn cc/h cC c*sb* 3sc% c+cs 4s un *cgc *cbusc /cnc*h 0hs 0ul )cn *u )c*sbhnh dcc< )cn *u su/c*hns h ch lus cC *snscc+. &95. Nu hrth "ulu"src dc ssnc%. Nscs nc0ul3u0s nu *+s% c+cs c 0scs0c% nscs sh ss2+cu % c+cs c )*bs sc. Lh 0hs b3s 0ul3u0s*ch
&98 Scurttur...6 C2. Crst, SSS% 8 4s &&. &987 s tc hc!"!dc0s6 Sub<n3clcs% cu cclclhl c )c*sbhnc. C2. Br., B8. &986 h"scsl!r 4s "hs "scsl!r6 Cchs/hl+0 Dbcul dc cu/sn c >2h0slsh*cs"">2h"0ulh*cs". &9' Nu G sncrs"snht!r6 C2. C*s % SS% &&. &9'7 dsn ht!"s khc !*"c6 C2. Mht, %, 6. >Gusd hu c0 /sdcs 2cs uch0 sn bculb 2*h *ss? c *hbc0 sn bculb ub nbn /sdcsO" ;>Dc cc /c.s )hsul dsn bchsul 2*h clus +u 4s b<0h dsn bchsul +u nu b scs <n sch0+O"E. Rb0c*h Nh/h**b ;BM% ). 7&B% nb h 6E 2hcc <n hccs scns b bbsc*/h3sc sngcnsbhs+? )*sn s). s#h sc <n3clcgc h < >b<*n+" <n gcnc*c c< 4s >g*sndh" shu >)un ch" chsculus $s#h dcl lh#r), cbn2b*0 uncs /c*ssuns s)hnsblc h cunbscu ulus )*b/c*b? >#c0bs lh )hDh cn cl bDb hDcnb% / nb lh /sgh dcl lhg+* cn cl nucs *b" ;Sbh*bsE% d*c) ch*c G*hcs+n h* u sls.h sn cn3sbnh /b. shch*% h scbh c ;>)h*h shch* lb* bDbs"E% )cn *u c+ un dclc0nul 4s /snul bc0hs cu hDu b*ul g*sn.ss sc scb shu sc
cC *hg. 27$ BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS
75' SC...s!hrc *n hsksnst6 C2. Dssc, SS) Br., 78. &&97 ...pcntru prcusrc6 H0 3snu % ch )cs c b <n ch.u*slc hsc0+n+ bh*c% s+ )+s *+0 cbncs.sh cbns *uc3scs 0c bns0scc dsn b*sgsnhl% ch*hc c*ss sc+ dc hl 2cl lus G*hcs1n% 4s hl c+*cs <n3clcs cs c c+ >/cs 2s us h <nc+ dsn s0)ul /sc3ss 4s dc ccs cc c"h* )u ch *cg*c h% 4s dc ccs cc c*hu )lsns dc )*c3us*c )cn *u snc". & SB6 chlul... *n t!sul hlcr#rss6 #c.s <ndc0nul lus Hb*h3su $Cpsst!lc, S% &% 8='E? >Sbl/c scncsccn c0 0h u*c shnus cFuu0% nc )cccc hd cC *c0u0 *sdcndus% c slsh duch " ;>Hs <0)+*+" c? dcshh0+"3s chlul <0b+ *<ns ch s+ nu sc )b scnchsc+ bc0hs lh u*0+ <n *<sul 0ul3s0ss"% *hd. C. Lb/sncscuE. 111 Ss hs prsctcns6 C2. Br., &&6%&BA: Crst., S% 8: SS9 6. &&7& ...ps!hsh su!src6 T*hducc0 cC uhl s). psh h*scs!n, subs*c s)s*s uhl+% cbncc) cc hcb)c*+% c*cdc0% s2c*h g*. h#hpc, <n b)b.s3sc cu cr!s. S)*c s2<*4s ul h2b*ss0ulus h)h*c dc hl 2cl 4s chls2sch*ch hccs cs subs*s su)c*sbh*c d*c) >s)s*s uhl+" ;s). k!r"hl). Dc *c0h*ch c*0snblbgsh dc cC *hc3sc scblhs sc+ 4s cblbgsc+.
&&B. Dcprsndc3tc cu chrhctcrclc rclc hlc ccl!r dsn hnturh7ul tu? lh 2cl% cu chs)u*slc u*< c: hs h"3s c dc"hDu b*h*c c<nd lh 0sDlbc c"h <*nh*c. S<n 2s*s s+lbh scc% dc nu )b3s *+s nscs cu clc% nscs 2+*+ clc. C% h4hdh*% b sscussn3+ s+ c bbs4nusc4 s *c) h % ch 4s cu u*<3cnsh% )cn *u h nu c luh )*sn su*)*sndc*c <n g*b.+/sh <0)*cDu*+*ss. P*s0h bh*+ <ns)+s0<n +% dh* <ncc ul cu <ncc ul <3s 0hs )sc*.s dsn )*s0h b*bh*c 2h3+ dc clc% sh* )*cchu3sh )*c/snc su)+*+*slc shu lc su)b* +7.
&&A. Trhtch0 t!tdchunh cu !h"cns dc chlsthtc. Pb3s s+ c bblsgs 2h3+ dc cs 4s s+"s bblsgs. <ns+4s chls h ch lc c ccl 0hs bun .+lbg hl )u* +*ss% chsh* <n *"un cbn2lsc % )cn *u c+ hc3sbnch.+ h4h cu0 s<n : 4s c )*c2c*hbsl s+ lu)3s cu bh0cns dc bsnc dcc< s+ *su02s hsu)*h unb* bh0cns dc *+u&. Cu sc+lb4sh nu cCss + bunc *clh3ss% )cn *u c+ nu sc sbcb c4 c dh bh*c sn cg*s +3ss: dc hccch% <n *c sc+lb4s nu cCss + nscsbdh + )*sc cnsc hdc/+*h + 7 4s nscs h2cc3sunch lb* nu c dc sbs bun% 2ssndc+ nu sc <n c0csh.+ )c bnbh*c. Lch)+d+" c b dchunh dc b0ul 2+*+ ch% c+cs csnc n"b )*c3usc4 c nu )*c3usc4 c /s* u ch. Sh* bnbh*ch c *bnul sn cg*s +3ss. &&5. Nu !r!s nscs!dht dcsprc tsnc%. B*s hs s+ c lhu.s% 4s c <n2u0u*h*c% b*s hs s+ c blh0c.s% 4s c lh4s h c% 4s% ch 0snus dc cu0sn3cnsc <n ccl cc /b*bc4 c% c chsn )cn *u hscul + b*s. Dhc+ *cbusc s+ c/s3s h4h cc/h <n sn s0s h c% 0ul 0hs 0ul <n )bs u*s subls0c% undc /b*bc4 s <n )ublsc 4s undc *ccc nu0hsdcc< d*c) )*bs sc b*scc h)h*cn3+ h cs. Hcclh4s nchDuns dc cu0sn3cnsc <l db/cdc4 s 4s /b*bsnd dcs)*c ccs dc 2h3+% dsn chu.h )*s0cDdscs dc h c s.bs dc unh dsn hccs c dbu+ s <ncs? h lsngu4s*ss shu h bc+*<*ss. &&8. C*4ts#3s rcnu"c dc curtcnst!r%6 c+cs c dc hDuns s)*c h c 2hcc h)lhudhbsl. Cu* cnsh c )*sncs)hlh )h* c h cul u*ss% un sbs dc
&&B Dcprsndc3tc...6 C2. Br., (B%(5% 89%&&B%7'(. &&B7 ...sc sup!rt6 C2. B/sdsu% H*s h"ht!rsh, SS% A(5"A(8? >Gubd 0hlc 2c*s% hdsucscc: 2c*cs bcnc: 0ul h /c us hs lcns " ;>dc"hccch s+ chu3s H c dc)*sndc s+"ndu*s: s0)ul c nc c.s b*"% *hd. dc Mh*sh"#hlc*sh Pc *cscuE. &&A& !h"cns dc ru6 P*clu+0 ssn hg0h dsn b*sgsnhl% >gcn c dc 0hl"% )c ch*c Rb0c*h Nh/h**b% ncg+ssndu"s nscs b hl + h cs h*c% b cbnssdc*+ d*c) c*ch3sc h lus G*hcs1n% du)+ 0bdclul ssn hg0cs #cntc dc !scn. &&A7 prsctcnsc hdc rht6 C2. Cscc*b% Lhclsus, &8% AB? >H0scs3sh nsss sn c* bbnbs cssc nbn )bssc" ;>Nu )bh c cCss h )*sc cnsc dcc< <n *c ccs buns"E. &&5 Nu !r!s...6 C2. Cr., @#SS: Crst., SSS% 5 ;lh <ncc)u E. Unul dsn Dsstschh Cht!nss ;7%&A%&E <ncc)c hs 2cl? >Nc c cbnlhudcs% ncc c cul)h/c*ss s)sc". &&8 ... *cnu0c dc curtcnst!r? C2. I*.% @#H: B*.% (9%&&8%&BA%&8(%&'&%77A%757 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 78&
/*hD+% 4s hs 2cl h *hgc ss0)h sh u u*b*h: lh 2cl cu0 nccu* cnsh% dss)*c3ul 4s su)+*h*ch uns/c*shl+. Dhc+ hcchs h nh4 c dsn b*gblsu% c dc cs hbsl+: dhc+ dsn g*bsbl+nsc% dc0n+ dc dss)*c3. Cu* cnsh ch + h 2s b dchunh 0hs bsnc 0hs 0ul + dcc< 0hs )u3sn+% nu <ns+ cghl+ 7% c+cs h* dcgcnc*h <n ncd*c) h c? c sbcb s + ch b dh b*sc <n *c du40hns% /+.<ndu"ls"sc hs 2cl 0c*s ul. Cbs + )u3sn 4s /hlb*ch.+ 0ul : b*scsnc bnb*ch.+ c bnb*h . Kslb s0sh 4s bnbh*ch hu un h/hn hD? 4s hnu0c c+ *+0<n% hccch cus b 2blbsc4 c% hcchs h cus b 2+u*c4 c. &&'. Nu tc khcc hntsphts0ht%. Nu *cbusc s+ )*b/bcs h/c*ssunch% c+cs ch 4s 2+*+ s+ /*cs d+ 2ugh. Mul3s u*+sc g*h us 7% 2+*+ s+ 4 sc cu0 shu dc cc. Rcscn s0cn ul <n *ccc bun+/bsn3h: )b*ns*ch c 0hs hc s/+ 4s 0hs )*b0) + lh *+u dcc< db*sn3h lh bsnc. Unss 0b* s+ sc )un+ *+u cu b3s% dh b*s + 2s*ss lb* s*s hbslc shu s*s hn c. s dhc+ u*h h)uc+ s+ sc <ns +)<nchsc+% ch% ch 4s )*bhs h *c)u h3sc% c g*cu dc 4 c*s. Dc bh0cnss Dudscsb4s sc c0% )c clc/c s b*s <s u*+sc% dc /hns b4s lc c sc<*b+% )c .c2lc0s b*s <s dc cs +% )c b*sgsnhls <s lhs+"n )lh h lb*. H*h + dccs c+ s s0c.s ch s+ 2ss s s0h % sh* dc /*cs s+"3s 2hcs chs+% 2+ ch. dc ccslhl3s. &79. Trsc4tc cu" sc !!s4nusc4tc%. P<n+ 4s 4 ssn3h *cbusc s+ 2sc lh 0bd+% 4s c<nd nu cs c% *cbusc s+ 4 ss h b 2hcc )c sgnb*hn ul. Dsscu*su*slc 4s gus u*slc sc schs0b+ du)+ /*c0u*s 7? nu *cbusc s+ /b*bc4 s du)+ 0bdh /cchc 4s *cbusc s+"3s cbnducs gus ul <n chs) 0bdc*n. Gus ul ch)c clb* 6 d+ scn sn3h <n b*scc 2cl dc luc*u*s. Cl
*cbusc u*0h c< 3snc 4s *sdsch lh c0sncn3+: cu0sn clc bbs4"nushsc+"sc cu )*c.cn ul% chsh* dhc+ 0hs bun s sc )h*c *ccu ul% h < <n )bdbhbclc su2lc ulus% c< 4s"n cclc hlc *u)ulus. Nu0hs <n s2c*h bsnclus nu c /hlhbsl+ hcchs + *cgul+ dc /sh3+% )cn *u c+ /s* u ch *cbusc )*hc sch + b dchunh. H s)unc hdc/+*ul% h c 3snc dc cu/<n hu 4s hDuns cc/h nccunbscu 4s )h* dsn hl c /*c0u*s% sh* b+*bh3ss buns )h* 2+cu3s du)+ /*c0u*slc bunc(% dc4s 0c*cu subs3s: h4h <nc< % dhc+ 0hs s<n c<3s/h% nu s<n lh 0bd+ 4s nscs s0s h3s. B% 0h*c ncnb*bcs*c h /chculus nbs *u% ch /s* u ch s+ )h*+ csudh + 4s *+u h ch bbs4nus +Q Dsscc*n+ b*ul *+shsc+ dccs cu0 )bh c% dhc+ nu cu0 h* /*ch. S+ sh d*c) 0hs bun cc s"h h+*+.s % nu cc s"h *c2u.h sbh* h. &7&. Nu khcc ch0 dsn n!n3ch0%. H4h cu0 unss dsn bh c 2hc hh.% h4h 2hc hl3ss ch. dsn bh c? /b*bcsc b dchunh cu s0)b* hn3+% shu bh c dc bunc% 2+c<nd bbscc dc dss)u + 4s 0ss c* dsn b*scc. Pu3snc luc*u*s su)+*+ bh*c *cbusc luh c <n sc*sbs% c+cs h* 2s b <n/c*4unh*c ncsc*sbhs+: h* <nsc0nh s+ )*bccdc.s )c dbs dhc+ hs )unc lh sns0+ cclc c+*b*h *cbusc s+ lc"n b*cs s)h clc. Mul c luc*u*s ch*c c*hu cc/h% b dh + )+*+ss c n"hu 0hs 2bs
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cu )c*sbhnc hl c+*b* )*s0 cu/<n cs c dc bbsccs nu, c bsnc s+"3s dsss0ulc.s s*ul% ch nu cu0/h s+"4s dch sch0h dc ds2scul h ch cbnccd+*ss% 4s cu h < 0hs 0ul c<nd )*css03s h/c*ssunch. S2h ul hccs h h)h*3snc s2c*cs cclb* dc sn cn3sc sccund+% bh c 2ssnd dc h csncch sub sls h c. &(B. Nu3s dc0 lus dc#ctul !!lnh %6 2ssndc+ bh c"& /b* lb/s. Nu c )l<ngc dc cl% c+cs b dchunh .d*uncsn+ lbcul )c ch*c sl+bscsunch 4s"& 4 sc du*c*bs. Nu"3s c dc 2blbs s+ c ss03s <n3c)h dcc< ch s+ s <*nc4 s )l+cc*ch <n3c)+*ss. Rchuh sn cn3sc chu + )*c cC ul )cn *u h c scbh c dsn s+*s c? h./<*lc s+gc3s 7 ch s+"3s dsbushsc+ su2c*sn3h: /h <ncc*ch <n b 0sc dc chs)u*s% )<n+ /h dh dc ch*nc /sc. H cn ul s+ nu sc dch nscsbdh + dc gbl 4s nscs s+ nu"4s dch <n /slchg *+ul% 2sc )*b)*su shu 0b4 cns % c+cs )<n+ 4s sbh* h sc cb0)lhcc uncb*s h *+ns undc *cbusc s+ dbh*+ 0hs h*c: b dchunh lb/c4 c"n ch*nc /sc. Dc hccch nu dc./+lus nscs cc c b0bh*+% nscs cc c <n/sh.+? unh% ch s+ <ncc c.c% hl h% ch s+ d+snushsc+. &(A. Prs c4tc pc dsnuntru%. Sc <n <0)l+ dc bbsccs ch luc*u*slc s+ 2sc 0ul ds2c*s c dc cu0 )+*chu% sh* sgnb*hn3h% ch*c n"h *ccu dsncblb dc cbhD+% sc )*c2hcc <n dc.h0+gs*c c<nd )+ *undc0 <n+un *u. Msncsunh c 0c*cu cch dsn <s <n bh c: <s ducc dc nhs )c )*b4 s cu c< c b /ulgh*s h c nccu*0h +. Hdc/+*ul /snc 0c*cu ul s0ul 4s <*.su% 4chsb)+ <nd <0)*cun+ cu Ts0)ul: cu0sn3ss <s *c.c*/+ cchlhl + Du0+ h c h 2hcul +3ss 7 )c ch*c cu h < h <n3clc)csunc bb4 chsch 0h0+ h dublh "b. H0+gs*ch c 2bh* c su)c*2scshl+% 4s ccs cc s<n hs 2cl dhu su c dc ch. Ns0c*s*ch *+sc4 c *c *hs+ <n ssnch"s )cn *u h 2s 0hs )*c3us + dc c+ *c <n3clc)3ss 4s dsscc*n+ b*ss s+s. &(5. Nu ks snhcccss!sl%. Ns0cns nu c h < dc dcs+/<*4s % <nc< % uncb*s% s+ nu hsb+ nc/bsc dc <nd*u0h*c. Cs c s*c0cdshbsl )*bs csnc nu hscul +. s ccl 0hs sndc)cndcn ch + s+ 2hc+ lbc s2h ulus )*sc cncsc: nscs su/c*hns h ch nu *cbusc s+ cCclud+ dbcsls h ch. S<n bh0cns s*c0cdshbsls )cn *u c+"s snhcccssbsls 4s sc )*+bu4csc 2ssndc+ ns0cns nu"nd*+.nc4 c h /cns s+"s b)*chsc+. s "
cu)*sns dc )h s0+% c+cs hs 2cl <ncc)s )*sn h db0snh h2cc ul% sbnd<nd )<n+ lh cc )unc % 4s nu 0hs 0ul % c ncccsh* s+ 0ch*g+ su)+*h*ch: cu hsc0cnch s *hD+ su)c*sbh*+% )b3s sn *h 4s sc4s dsn *"b 0<nsc. <n/h3+ s+ c b)*c4 s bsnc 4s lh s0)% c+cs luc*ul ccl 0hs ds2scsl <n 2ug+ c b)*s*ch. Mh*c db/hd+ dc Dudcch +% s+ *+0<s cu0sn c <n hcccsc dc ncbunsc. B*scc cCccs dc )hssunc hbdsc+ dc lh *h3sbnhls h c% dh*% cu hcchs + h cn3sc 0hgss *hl+% nu /cs c+lch nscsbdh + *h3sunch <n )scsbh*c 4s nu /cs *ccc dc ls0s clc bunu"lus"ss03. Ch s+"n/c3s h <n2*<nh b )hssunc% *cbusc s+ 3ss 0c*cu h+3u*slc h cn3scs% 4s /cs 2s hs 2cl ccl dsn <s <n3clc) c+lh*c 7% 4s )bh c chsh* ccl dsn u*0+.
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<n Crst., SS% &9% )c u*0clc lus Lbdb/scb Gusccsh*dsns ;2*h c 0hs 0h*c hl lus K*hnccscbE% <n sc*sc*ch )ublsch + lh #cnc3sh% <n &BAB% sub s lul Dctts c khtts pshcc !ls ct #rh s...% *ccds h + <n hcclh4s lbc 4s sub hcclh4s s lu% dc ccl )u3sn <nc+ csncs b*s <n scc. hl @#S"lch% *c s)+*s + hl cb*s sub s lul H!rc ds rscrchts!nc ;#cnc3sh &B57... &A9(% &A79% &A(B c c.E 4s sub hcclh4s s lu <n s hlshn+ 4s 2*hncc.+ 4s lh Ph*ss ;&A&9%&A7(% &A6AE: cu0 nscs hcchs + ch* c nu sc h2l+ <n bsblsb cch Lhs hnbsh% nu sc )bh c )*ccs.h <n cc cds3sc h 2blbss "b G*hcs1n. #c.s RN"BM% ). 675% nb h &6% 4s BP"BG"BC&% ). (&9. &AA Dc!sc!c4tc pc !"ul spuscl!r...? C2. Br., &BA%&'&% 797: Crst., &.&6?&&&%6. &AA7 !r! *ch... khpt !un6 P*s0h )h* c h 2*h.cs ;<n b*sgsnhl? >Mhlb cs% nb cnscndb )hlhb*h bucnh% nb cnc* bb*h 0hlh"E c cbns *us + cbn *hdsc b*su% dc d*hgul )h*hlclss0ulus: )h* ch h dbuh ;>)cb*% nb cnscndb )hlhb*h 0hlh% nb cnc* bb*h bucnh"E )b*nc4 c% )*bbhbsl% dc lh .schlh >Ns bb*h bucnh% ns )hlhb*h 0hlh" ;>Nscs 2h) + bun+% nscs /b*b+ *ch"E% )*sn ch*c s<n s*bns.h3s ccs cc )*b0s 0ul 4s nu <n2+) uscsc ns0sc. #c.s RN" BM% ). 678% nb clc 6 4s (. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 301
0hs h*+ns0 cu /b*bc6% c+cs nu"s dcc< /<n % nscs nu 0hs *+s0 dsn cu* cnss% c+cs c b h0+gs*c cu* cns bh*c? h /<nh )+s+*s cu bglsndh cs c hdc/+*h h b*bs*c. #hns b4ss sc dhu <n /<n du)+ /<n . #b*bclc *cbusc s+ 2sc .+lbg hl 2h) clb* 4s hs 2cl s+ hsb+ hccch4s /hlbh*c. Cb)hcss ch*c nu dhu *bd% cs 2*un.c% dc bbsccs n"hu sns0+? sc chdc s+"s cunb4 s? )b0ss )cn *u 2blbs% cb)hcss )cn *u u0b*+. &A5. *n h s tc h7us%. <n 0h*slc s0)hsu*s nu c b/+*+4sc 0hs bun+ dcc< b sns0+ d<*.+7? 4s dhc+ )*cgc +% *cbusc s"b <nlbcusc4 s cu 0+dulh*clc dsn h)*b)sc*ch cs. Ncch.u*slc"s )h* 0hs 0scs cus 4 sc s+ sc hDu c. Nu ch)s ulh <n 2h3h sb*3ss% hl 0sn c*s <3s /h dc/cns dc ncsu2c*s . Unss sc sus3sn )u3sn lh 0uncs 4s lc"ndbscsc% nc4 ssnd s+ lc <ndu*c. Csnc h hDuns s+ sc cunbhsc+ <4s hDu + sl+bscsunch cu chsb.usn3+% sh* dsscc*n+0<n ul bs*usc b ul% chsh* 4s s clclc6. &A8. Nu dc cns "!nstru hl pr!stscs%. Hs h s<n b3s /hns b4ss% <nc*c.u3ss% <nc+)+3<nh3ss% ch)*scsb4ss% ch)sb0hnss% cCccn *scss% 2hn"dbss3ss% 0+sc+*scss% ./bnh*ss% )h*hdbCs4 ss% scc h*ss 4s bh c sbsu*slc dc ch)c c ch)ss% 0bn4 *s% b3s% hs ncbb*+.+*ss. B*scc 0bns *ub.s h c h cugc ulus c 0hs cu0)ls + dcc< cch h *u)ulus 7% dcbh*ccc sc dc.scc dc 2*u0usc3ch su)c*sbh*+. Csnc /h"nd*c) h <ns+ h < h sc*<n" s*c bb4 chsc+Q Undc ls)sc4 c bunul"ss03 n"h*c cc c+u h <nd*u0h*ch% sh* ccch cc *cbusc s+ 2sc bbsc*/h*c hd<ncs + h dc*s.sunss c b *+u <n c0csh + )*c.u03sc dc h)lhu.c s0hgsnh*c. &A'. Htcnsc "hs "hrc s nu dhs #rc4 ! dht dcc*t s ns"crc4ts dc ! sut dc !rs%. Ns0cns nu sc us + lh sbh*clc s *+lucs b*% 4s b3s lh
&AA6 ... !r!c6 C2. .schlh )b)ulh*+ >Cbn lhs bucnhs )hlhb*hs nhdsc cb0c" ;Rbd*<guc. Mh*sn% >Cu /b*bc bunc ns0cns nu sc h*+nc4 c"E. &A5 *n h s tc h7us6 C2. Cr., P#: Dssc, SSS. &A57 ...sns" d*r06 K*h.+ h *sbus + lus Ch*bl C0hnucl S% ducc dc Sh/bsh% <n G. Bb c*b% Dctts "c"!rh!sls, 2bl. 6'*. #c.s 4s Cr., S#% nb h 69. &A56 chshr 4s stclclc6 Cbn2b*0 )*b/c*bulus >Sh)scns db0snhbs u* hs *ss"% h *sbus lus P blb0cu dc c+ *c Lsccn3sh ul #shnh% <n Lhs trhnsk!r"hcs!ncs dc B sds!, #hllhdblsd% &B8'% 2bl. 76A/.% /c.s RN"BM% ). 66&% nb h &&. &A8" ...0bns *u hl pr!stscs6 C2. Dssc., S@% @#S: Br., &(6. &A87 ...dcc*t cch h trupulus6 C2. Cscc*b% Tusculhnhc dssputhts!ncs, SSS% 6? >Bblslc su2lc ulus s<n 0hs d+un+ bh*c 4s 0hs 0ul c dcc< cclc hlc *u)ulus". &A's Htcnsc... s nu dhs #rc4...6 C2. Dssc, @@: Br., &8B: Crst., SS% &&. Hdh) h*c h unus /cchs )*b/c*b culcs dc Cb**chs? >Hh.0c cscn b% ! !+**h0c unh% ! sc hchbb u bucnh 2b* unh" ;>Ns0c*c4 c"0s dc"b su + dc b*s 4s g*c4c4 c"0s b dh +% c+ nb*bcul 3s sc gh h"E. 302 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS
&59& 1!l!sc4tc rc0cr clc...6 C2. Cr., S: Br., B8. &597 "hs "ult c 7u"thtch dcc*t *ntrc#ul6 Hlu.sc lh )h*hdbCul lus Hcssbd% /c.s Cr., S% nb h '. Schb)cnhhuc* h bbsc*/h )*s0ul c+ )h*hdbCul nu"s h)h*3snc lus Ps " hcbs dsn Ms slcnc. &5& Hu sr!ss kh !hrch6 C2. Crst., SS% A.
S#S7 hnc!rh shcr6 <n b*sgsnhl% >shg*hdh hncb*h"% c*h hncb*h cch 0hs 0h*c. )+s *h + ch ul s0 0sDlbc dc shl/h*c <n ch. dc 2u* un+. H. dcl Hb!b c*cdc c+ h* )u ch 2s /b*bh 4s dc un Dbc dc sdcs <n *c c*0cnul nhu sc 4s s0hgsnch Kccsbh*cs ch hncb*+ h shl/+*ss. C2. 4s Hlcsh s% C"!lc"h &(6% ch*c 2hcc hlu.sc lh )*b/c*bul lh sncsc >hnchb*h0 shc*h0 sbl/c*c"% cs h dc cb0cn h b*ss lus Hlcsh s. &57& Nu tc punc...6 C2. Br., &&A: Crst., SU% (. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNTCS 303
0ul dc )sc*du <l 2hcc *c3snu : lu<nd sch0h lh bnbh*c% sh 4s lh b)usul cs 4s% hnghD<ndu"sc h cn % )*bccdch.+ h < dc lcn % <nc< <s lhs+ )*udcn3cs s0) s+ sc *c *hg+ lh s0) 4s s+ )un+ lh hd+)bs bnbh*ch. Nscs cu bs*usn3h nu /cs *cc<4 sgh ccch cc hs )sc*du dbh* cC)un<ndu" c s+ )sc*.s. &56. Nu k* dc stscl *n rclhss%. s cu h < 0hs )u3sn <n )*sc cnsc. Unss sc s)h*g cu 0h*c u4u*sn3+% dc./+lusndu" 4s )u3snh cbnsss cn3+: sc hcb)c*+ )c cs <n4s4s dc b2cns+% )c ccslhl3s dc su)+*h*c. H*h + c+ hu b 2s*c 0hs cb)sl+*bhs+ dcc< )u)slclc bchslb*% dc /*c0c cc nu"ng+dusc s+ 2sc h sns+ nscs <n glu0+% nscs <n hdc/+*: b Dsgnc4 c 4s"unnb*% nscs nu"s nc/bsc dc nb*bs7. Ccs ch*c"s 2*cc/cn ch.+ *cbusc s+ sc )bh* c cu 0ul hc % 0cnhD<ndu"lc 0c*cu suscc) sbsls +3slc: ls sc dhu du)+ )+*% 4 ssnd c+ 4s ccl 0hs 0sc *+s)+* 6 lc dss)lhcc. Hcc4 sh s<n dc bbsccs 2bh* c )lsns dc ssnc% *bbs hs )lhculus lb*% dc d*hgul c+*ush h* *ccc )cs c b*scc% sdblh *s hs )*b)*scs 3<2nc. Ks*ch unus h0hn h*c Du0+ h c dsn dsh0hn ( <n du*h*c 4s"n <ndu*h*c. &5(. Nu trs #r!st%. H 4 s s+ *c)h* s.c.s luc*u*slc <nsch0n+ h 4 s s+ lc sh/u*c.s. Mul b*h lc )*ssbsc4 c /sh3h 4s ls sc ss)*+/c4 c nb*bcul: *h ch.+ bucu*sslc% c+cs nu lc sh/u*ch.+% 4s"h* /*ch h)bs s+ sc <n bh*c+ du)+ cc sc )b0cncsc h < dc dc)h* c: su*ugss hs /sc3ss% ch*c gbhncs bb4 c4 s h s0)ulus <s hdhug+ 4s )*ccs)s h*ch 2s*ss lb*: h* /*ch s+ dc/b*c.c <n *"b .s ccch cc hbsh /b* )u ch 0ss us bh + /sh3h: *+scsc )*s)s3s <n 2c*scs*s% <4s 0+n<nc+ hnss cc /sn 4s% u0bs<nd cu h < h g*+bs*c% ss)*+/csc *c)cdc b ul. Chsh* 4s <n /*c*ch dc h 4 s ch + s+ 2sc b 0+su*+% ch s+ nu 4 ss luc*u*slc *+u 4 su c. Mhs 0ul c .slc"s dcc< bsnc7. Lh dcs2+ h*c% <ncc : lh 2h) +% su c. Ss)*+/slb* lc s + bsnc s+/<*4s c: 0ul3u0s*slb*% *+u% ss)*+/s c.
&56& Hu h dc stscl *n rclhss6 C2. Dssc, @SS. >Dc s scl+"% h4h cu0 c*cdch c+ cs c lsccn3sh ul RbdhDh% c*bul nu/clcs cc*/hn snc Cl lsccncshd! Dsdrscrh ;Lsccn3sh ul S s"clbhn3+E% hl c+*us nu0c h c+)+ h cs*culh3sc )h*c0sblbgsc+? ;Scr cl lsccncshd! Dsdrscrh. H)lschsc h hFucllh )c*sbnh... h Fuscn bdb b2cndc ! 0blcs h" = Sbh*bs. &567 n!r... n!r!s6 Cchs/hl+0 Dbcul dc cu/sn c dsn b*sgsnhl? >0b hs" >nb hs". &566 pr... rspr6 Cchs/hl+0 Dbcul dc cu/sn c dsn b*sgsnhl? >gu1*dhnlcs l!s hsrcs )b*Fuc cl 0hs lc/c dcshsrc Scs dcsh.bnh". &56( h"hnt... dsh"hnt6 P*clu+0 Dbcul dc cu/sn c h"hntc = dsh"hntc, cs s ds3h"hntc. S). h"hntc <nsch0n+ >ccl cc subc4 c cc/h"% nu nu0hs <n scns c*b sc. &5( Nu trs #r!st6 C2. Br., &59: Crst., SS% (% 5: SSS% J% '. &5(7 0slc... !snc6 Cchs/hl+0 hs 2cl )c*cchch hsbnhn3h + dsn b*sgsnhl? >Sbn 0hs lbs dshs Fuc lhs dschh C /b*bh dc hdh) h*ch unus )*b/c*b cbnsc0nh <nc+ dc Cb/h**ubshs? >Mhs dshs hh! Fuc lbnghns.hs" ;>S<n 0hs 0ul c .slc dcc< c<0h3s"E. 304 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 69B
)*bs sc% sc bb*+.nscc4 c 4s% nc*ccunbsc<nd hh <*ul cc s sc 2hcc% <4s <nchs)usc c+ h4h sc chdc. Kh0slsh*ss0ul c l+s h* dc /ulgh*s h c. &58. Crcdc *n sns". s 0hs hlcs dhc+ c dc n+dcDdc. Nu b cbn *h.scc nscsbdh +% c+cs bbs4nusc4 c h 2s )*bnbs sc h b cc c 0hs <nsc0nh ? b*hcbl dc chs+. Mul3s hu )sc*s dc cc lc c*h 2*sc+% dh* cc 2blbs s+"3s 2sc 2*sc+ 2+*+ h
c+u h <nd*c) h*chO Unss% )*s/slcgsu hl nh u*ss lb* su)c*sbh*c% hu b sns0+ ncs)us dc lchl+% ch*c"s )*c/snc b dchunh 4s d+ hlh*0h )cn *u h g+ss *c0cdsul. Nu"s cu0sn c s+ sc4s <n d*u0ul *clclb*% ch s+ lc"n <0)sns% cs dbh* s+ lc s hs <n d*u0. ch s+ lc bs*us. &5'. Dsscrcsh c pccctch chphcstss%. Psc) ul 2+*+ scc*c c sc*ssbh*c dcschss+. Undc cs c hd<ncs0c s<n scc*c clc hd<ncs% c+cs s<n 0h*s s)h3ss 4s s<nu*s undc sc h2und+ luc*u*slc dc )*c3. P*b/snc dsn *"b 0h*c s +)<ns*c dc ssnc% 4s h c <n/sngc hscs <nsch0n+ hdc/+*h h *su02h*c. Pl+ c4 s *sbu u u*b* cclb* c+*b*h ls cdcs +snus. S+n+ h ch )*udcn3cs cbns + <n 0bdc*h3sh l+un *sc+. Pc*scblclc dssc*c3scs s<n )unc*ch lh <ncc*ch*c dc c+ *c ccslhl3s% cbn *h.scc*ch )cn *u h s0ulgc% h*unch*ch dc s+gc3s7 )cn *u h"S scbh c dsn s+*s c 4s )c h cn ul ccl 0hs .+/b*< . Luc*u*slc )c ch*c *cbusc s+ lc 2hcs nu *cbusc s+ lc s)us% sh* cclc )c ch*c *cbusc s+ lc s)us nu *cbusc s+ lc 2hcs. &89. Nu tc c!nducc nscs!dht dup ccch cc hr trc!us s khc du4"hnul%3 P*bs ul nu /h 2hcc nscsbdh + cc sbcb c4 c cu0sn clc% )cn *u c+ nu )*scc)c cc c )b *s/s . Dhc+ c dsscc*n+ b* 7% nscs h < % dcbh*ccc /h /*ch s+"3s hscund+ sn cn3sh )+ *uns+ 4s chsh* hn scs)h +. Ss uh3sslc *cbusc c<n +*s c )c h0bclc 2c3c 4s *+sucs c )c"b )h* c 4s )c hl h% )*cg+ sndu"lc )cn *u dbu+ h)c6. Judcc+3slc s<n ds/c*sc? luh*ch dccs.scs 2sc h cn + nu h < lh cc /h 2s% c< lh ccch cc )bh c 2s(. &8&. 1r s "sns, nu spunc t!htc hdc rurslc%. Ns0sc nu cc*c 0hs 0ul hc dcc< hdc/+*ul% ch*c c b l+sh*c dc s<ngc dc lh sns0+. Dc b h < h hs nc/bsc )cn *u h 4 s s+"& s)us ch 4s )cn *u h 4 s s+"&
&5' Dsscrcsh...6 C2. Cr., SS: Dssc., SSS) Br., 6% 777. &5'7 hrunchrch dc s#cs6 #c.s Br., 65. &89 ...du4"hnul6 C2. Br., 89% 8(% 756. &897 Dhc c dssccrnt!r6 C /b*bh% dcssgu*% dc >du40hn". &896 d!u hpc6 Hdsc+ dbu+ ds*cc3ss shu )unc c dc /cdc*c. &89( cc h ks... cc p!htc ks6 Cu hl c cu/sn c% s+ 2sc h cn + h < lh ccch cc c )*bbhbsl% c< 4s lh ccch cc cs c )bssbsl. 181 ...t!htc hdc rurslc6 C2. Crst., SSS9 6. 69A BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNTCS BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 307
*ccs sub +cc*c. Cu b ssngu*+ 0sncsun+ sc )sc*dc b c*cds ul sn cg*s +3ss. H0+gs ul c sbcb s 2+*+ ch)% sh* h0+gs b*ul chl)7% ccch cc c 4s 0hs *+u. Nu bh c hdc/+*u*slc )b 2s s)usc? unclc )cn *u c+ 0+ )*s/csc )c 0snc% hl clc% )c hl ul. &87. Un str!p dc *ndr0nchl kh dc b) c "hrc cu"sncnsc%. T*cbusc s+"3s 0bdc*c.s )+*c*ch dcs)*c ccslhl3s )cn *u h nu"3s 2hcc dcs)*c cs b sdcc h < dc <nhl +% <nc< s+"3s 2sc ch0+ dc cs: s0hgsnh3sh s+ nu su)un+ nscsbdh + sns0h. Unss )h* 0ul )<n+ c<nd hs dc"h 2hcc cu cs% dh* 2*cc/cn h*ch lb* <3s sluDc4 c 0hs 0ul ch dc.h0+gs*c dcc< ch )*c3us*c. Ns0cns nu dc)+4c4 c ls0s clc *cs *<nsc hlc b0ulus? b3s <4s hu dhc Du"ul lb*% unss <n sngcnsb.s h c% hl3ss <n 2s*c. Rhngul d+ hu b*s h c h)h*cn +% *h*cb*s <l <nsb3c4 c cch )c*sbnhl+% c+cs sbh* h bbs4nusc4 c s+ *+.bunc su)c*sb*s h ch d*cg+ b*scs )*sn sn2c*sb*s h ch 0c*s clb*. S0hgsnh3sh b sh 0c*cu <nhsn c 4s .ug*+/c4 c luc*u*slc 0ul 0hs 0h*s dcc< s<n : nu cbncc)c dbh* ccch cc cs c. cs 4s ccch cc"h* )u ch 2s. Ch + s" b cb*cc c.c *h3sunch% h < dc dc.h0+gs + )*sn cC)c*scn3c. Dh* nscs )*bs sh nu *cbusc s+ 2sc <nd*+.nch3+% du)+ cu0 nscs /s* u ch s2sbhs+. s dhc+ <nc*cdc*ch <n ssnc 2h/b*s.ch.+ s+*+csh cu duhul% cu h < 0hs dc 2blbs lc /h 2s /hlb*ss 4s 4 ssn3csQ &86. Nu tc crh"p!nh c-ccss . B*scc )*bs c <nc+)+3<nh 4s b*scc <nc+)+3<nh % )*bs 4s% cu c< <s c 0hs g*c4s + Dudcch h% cu h < 0hs 0h*c cnhcs h ch. Chsh* 4s"n ch.ul uncs c/sdcn3c c bnb*hbsl s+ ccdc.s% dcbh*ccc nu 3s sc sgnb*+ d*c) h ch )c ch*c hs h/u "b 4s 3s sc *ccunbh4 c 2slb s0sh )c ch*c b hs. Mhs 0ul )sc*.s cu <nd+*+ nscs*ch dcc< )b3s c<4 sgh cu bs*us*ch: h4h nu h)c*s hdc/+*ul% cs g*bsbl+nsh. S<n ch)c c dc 2sc*% g*cu dc cbn/sns% cu cC *c0ss0 dc nclccus : c<nd ch)*scsul sc hdun+ cu <nc+)+3<nh*ch% sc <nsb3csc sndssblubsl cu )*bs sh. D<*.cnsh c lh lbcul cs <n /bsn3+% nu <n Dudcch +. S<n <ns+ 4s cCcc)3ss% s)*c"h nu nc l+sh s+ )sc*dc0 4s s+ 2s0 <n/sn4s dc dbu+ b*s? )*s0h dh + <n chsb.us*c% h dbuh <n cCccu h*c. &8(. Nu ks chrtc dc ccrc"!nss6 c+cs )<n+ 4s lh un *cgc h2cc h*ch <n hcchs + )*s/sn3+ h 2bs c<n +*s + ch b csud+3cnsc7. B*scc suscc)"
sbsl c )cnsbsl% 4s s<n nh3ss <n *cgs <0b*bbbds c <n hcchs + sl+bscsunc. S *hsul )*bs scs c cusu dbh* cu hsc0cnch )unc c6% sdblh *c hlc bnbh*cs lb* 4s h*+ <nd dbh* c+ hcchs h sc <n c0csh.+ )c 0hs ns0sc% dc /*c0c cc sc c0 c+ b ul h* )u ch"b Dsgns. Bsnc"s s+ hs g*sD+ dc *cs)cc % dh* nu s+ 2ss <ncbndcsh d*c) 0h*c 0hcs *u hl c schc cs: c 2bh* c hdc/+*h c+ b0ul nccc*c0bnsbs h*c nc/bsc dc /s* u3s cCcclcn c. Nu *cbusc nscs s+ 2hcs )h*hd+ dc cu* cnsc% nscs s+ b dss)*c3usc4 s. Nu h*h + h 2s 0h*c csnc sh sch0h lh )unc s4bh*c. &8B. Nscs!dht nu3s c-punc crcdstul Sh ! ssn#ur *nccrchrc %6 c+cs dhc+ ch nu s.bu c4 c% dhunh c s*c)h*hbsl+. C 2bh* c )bssbsl s+ dhs g*c4 b dh +% 4s 0hs hlcs )*s0h: nu c4 s 0c*cu lh /*c0c cu )slcD% dc undc .schlh h h ch 0s !un. S"b chc.+4ushsc+% h4hdh*% h dbuh )c )*s0h% dc /cs g*c4s: sh* dc /cs *cu4s% )*s0h b /h *+scu0)+*h )c"h dbuh: *cbusc s+ hs b dchunh *ccu*s lh 0hs bsnc 4s h)cl lh 0hs 0ul . Luc*u*slc dc)snd dc cbn sngcn3c% 4s dc 0ul c% 4s hs 2cl nb*bcul sc4s*ss cu bsnc c *h*.
&8A. Cun!h4tc dckcctclc%6 b*sc< + hu b*s h c h* h/ch clc. Sn cg*s h ch s+ nu nccunbhsc+ /scsul chsh* dc s"h* <0b*+ch <n b*bch* ? )bh* + uncb*s cb*bhn+ dc hu*% dh* )*sn hcchs h nu"4s )bh c hscundc 2sh*clc7. Nu"4s )sc*dc sclh/sh Dbsnscscs nscs chsh* dc.0sn3s dc *hngul snsulus. #scsslc )b 2s *clsc2h c b*sc< . *clsc2u*s <ns+ nu s<n . Unss /+d c+ c*bul cu h*c6 h h/u cu h*c sc+dc*c% 2+*+ h /cdch <ns+ c+ nu )*sn hs h h 2bs cl c*bu. CCc0)lul su)c*sb* c h < dc clbc/cn % <nc< 2hcc cbn/sng+ bh*c 4s hsdb4cnsslc: )<n+ 4s )c cclc hlc chs)ulus lc"h s0s h uncb*s lsngu4s*ch% ncd<ndu"4s sch0h c+ dhc+ <n 0+*c3sc s<n ncbbsc*/h c% <n 0scs0c s<n dc cs h c. &85. T!t cc3s kh !rh!sl hltush k ssn#ur, t!t cc3s !ds!s, prsn sntcrpu4s%. P*sn *"unh <3s h *hgs h2cc3sunch% )*sn cchlhl + c/s3s *chuh"/bsn3+.
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&'7. B" hl pcss, !" cu sh lun#%. Ch s+ *+sc4 s% lhs+"s )c ccslhl3s s+ *+shsc+. Bh0cnss )h4nscs7 nu nu0hs *+scsc% cs db0ncsc. Ch + s"hu.s 4s s+ /c.s% dh* s+ hcs. Zsuh 2+*+ ls sgsu 2hcc nbh) ch cu sb0n bun. H *+s 0ul 4s"h *+s cu )l+cc*c <nsch0n+ h *+s c< dbs% 4s *bd hl )+css. H*c dc bh c csnc n"h*c hhbh* dc cc nu"& )*s/c4 c. Nu"s 0hs 0h*c ncsc*sb.s h c dcc< h luh b ul <n sc*sbs. P*bs sc sdcn sc+% h )unc lh sns0+ cc nu c h sngc ch 4s h nu"3s )+sh dc )*b)*su"3s )+s. &'6. Htcnsc lh csnc sntr pc plhcul hltush ch s shs pc3hl su%. Nu"s h)+*h*c 0hs bun+ cbn *h /sclcnscs ch b+gh*ch dc sch0+. P*scc)u ulus% un bun )*scc)+ b*. Unss <4s *c.bl/+ *cbu*slc )*b)*ss ch )c"hlc hl b*h% 4s 2+*+ cbn *hcs2*ul sn cn3sslb* c )b0cnc4 s cbns *<ns lh 2scch*c )hs s+ scb3s dsn 2bc 7 )*b2s ul hl ush cu )*c3ul /+ +0+*ss 0<snss hlc. &'(. 13s ! sdcc cu"sntc dcsprc tsnc 4s3hlc thlc%. s 0hs hlcs c<nd <ncc)s s+ *+sc4 s. Tb3s <4s 2hc dcs)*c ssnc b sdcc <nhl +% 4s cu h < 0hs 0ul ccs cc s<n 0hs )u3sn? <4s /ssch.+ 2scch*c sbh* h 4s sc <nchs)usc d*c) un 0s*hcbl. S)c*hn3h sc h/<n + ncs+bus % sh* h)bs cC)c*scn3h nu <0)lsnc4 c ns0sc: dc.h0+gs*ch *chls +3ss hdc/+*h c c ch.nh <nchs)us*ss lb* dc4h* c. <nd*c) c cu0sn3cnsh h h*c *+ +cs*s% 4s chsh* dhc+ )bh c db*s cc"s 0hs bsnc% s+ sc"h4 c) c 0c*cu lh cc"s 0hs *+u% ch s+ sh cu scnsn+ h c su2lc chsc+ b cc"h* 2s s+ /sn+ 7. C"b
&'7& B" hLpcss...6 C2. Crst., &&%&&. C2. )*b/c*bul >Hh!h0bs )h. ! /s/s0bs hsh." ;Cb**chs% >S"h/c0 )hcc 4s s+ *+s0 dcs ul"E. &'77 Bh"cnss ph4nscs6 C2. Mht, B%(? >Bch s 0s cs% Fubnsh0 s)ss )bsssdcbun c**h0" ;>Kc*scs3s ccs bl<n.s% c+ hccsh /b* 0b4 cns )+0<n ul"E. &'6 Htcnsc lh csnc sntr...6 C2. Dssc% #SSS: B*.. 7B.&((% &89.7&B: CrsL, SSS.(. P+s *+0 /c*bclc dsn b*sgsnhl% cntrhr 4s shlsr, 0cn3sbn<nd c+ s<n 2blbss c <n scnsul dc >h <ncc)c" 4s >h c*0snh". &'67 s sc!s dsn k!c6 Rb0c*h Nh/h**b cbnssdc*+ lbcu3sunch >h scbh c chs hnclc dsn 2bc cu 0snh hl csh"% cu*cn + <n 0ul c ls0bs 0bdc*nc% d*c) b c*ch3sc 0hs *cccn +. Lbcu3sunch s)hnsbl+ /cchc c*h? >shch* dcl 2ucgb lh chs hnh cbn lh 0hnb dc lh gh h" ;>h scbh c dsn 2bc chs hnh cu lhbh )ssscss"E. &'( k3s ! sdcc cu"sntc...6 C2. Cr., SSS: Dssc, @#S. Cu hl c cu/sn c% 2+"3s dcs)*c snc 4s hlc hlc b sdcc cChc +% nu )*ch <nhl +. &'(7 T!t cc3hr G s sn6 >K*h.h c cbns *us +% )unc cu )unc % )c b )h*s0sc? LDcsch* Sb 0cDb*% *ccclh* Sb )cb*% ! b0h* Sb Fuc /snsc*cM ;Rbd*<guc. Mh*sn% >Db*c4 c cc"s 0hs bun% c0c" c dc cc"s 0hs *+u 4s sh cc"b 2s s+ /sc"E. S"h* )u ch bh*c ch luc*u*slc s+ sc 2s )c *ccu sn/c*s 4s ch .schlh s+ 2s )*b/cns dsn h2b*ss0ul g*hcshncscO Cu unul nu"s cunbsc b b*sgsnc 0hs /cchc." #c.s RN"BM% ). 689% nb h '. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL l HRTH PRUDCNCS 6&&
&'5. Nu tc *ncurch nscsc*nd cu pr!4tss%. Ch cs c csnc nu"s cunbh4 c% 4s 0hs /<* bs csnc% cunbscu3s% nu"s h*unc+.
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&'5& Nu c *ncurcs... cu pr!4tss6 C2. Dssc, @@SSS? B.% 6&. &'57 "!lspsst!hrc...6 Cu hl c cu/sn c. <n b/+*+4sh )*b4 slb*% )*bs sh 4s nc2c*scs*ch sc )l+ csc cu su2c*sn3+. &'56 dc "hrc k!l!s Inclcpsl!r6 Cbn2b*0 )*b/c*bulus >Dbndc cl nccsb sc )c*dsb% cl cuc*db h/ssb b0A" ;Cb**chs% >Undc )*bs ul s"h *+ +cs % cu0sn clc s"h l+0u*s "E. &'8 *n h s tc trhnsplhntc0s6 C2. Dssc, @#SSS: Br., 7% B% &&7: B2 % SS% 6. &'87 "h4tcrc hlc c"sncncl!r6 C2. Luc, (% 7(? >Hdc/+*h .sc /bu+ c+ nscs un )*b*bc nu cs c bsnc )*s0s <n )h *sh sh". &'86 pcntru c dcphrtc6 <n b*sgsnhl% >)b*Fuc lcDbs": Rb0c*h Nh/h**b cs c4 c >)b*Fuc H/scncnP dc lcDbs"% >)cn *u c+ /sn dc dc)h* c"% sbcb snd c+ c /b*bh dc b g*c4chl+ dc s)h* ;RN"BM% ). 688% nb h &&E. &''& ...s3s khcs l!c...6 C2. Dssc, @S% @@S. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 6&6
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ch s+ nu 2hcs un luc*u dcc< s+"& cbnssdc*s gh h 2+cu % 4s% ds0)b *s/+% s *+dusn3h <nl+ u*+ nc)u sn3h. Mh*slc <ncc*c+*s nscs nu *cbusc 0cds h c7% hDungc s+ 3s sc )*c.sn c% )cn *u ch nu cu0/h ds2scul h ch% <n *c/+.u +% s+ dch )*slcD 4b/+sclss. 79B. *n h s "hnc rc0s dssprcul%. S *h hgc0+ )cn *u h dbb<nds luc*u*slc c s+ lc dss)*c3usc4 s. Dc bbsccs nu lc g+sc4 s c<nd lc chu3s hnu0c% 4s h)bs% )c ncg<nds c% <3s /sn ssngu*c lh"ndc0<n+7. Cu0 bh c cclc dc"hscs s<n u0b*h cclb* c c*nc% <0)+* +4csc 4s <nsu4s*ch u0b*cs? 2ug dc ccs cc gbncsc du)+ clc 4s"s )*sgbncsc )c ccs cc 2ug dc clc. Dss)*c3ul c 4s cch 0hs )bls sc+ *+.bunh*c. MhCs0+ 2+*+ )c*cchc h <n3clc)3slb*% s+ nu c h)c*s nscsbdh + cu )hnh. c+cs lhs+ u*0c 4s hducc 0hs dcg*hb+ glb*sc *s/hls +3ss dcc< )cdch)s+ <nd*+.nclss. #sclc4ug dc nc/*cdnscs% s+ sc b)un+ unb* 0h*s bh0cns% ch s+ 2sc cclcb*h3s 4s cs snds*cc % c<nd dc d*c) n"b 0c*s hu? c+cs )c 0ul3s nu s"h0 cunbh4 c dhc+ *s/hlss cCcclcn3s n"h* 2s +cu ch. dc cs. Nu c *+.bunh*c ch us h*ch% c+cs <s <ng*b)s <n cblbul ns0scnscscs lb*. <4s <nchs)usc% c0c*h*s% c+ sc c c*ns.ch.+ d<nd 2bc 0snunslb* lu0ss 4s"hlc /chcu*slb*6. H* + dc"h )h*h clc/c s*ch% s+ nu 2hcs ch. dc
ch? <n2*un <nd"b <3s hducs )*cDudscsu% 4s% dhc+"s dhs c*cds % dssc*cds . Sn/sdscs% sh ss2hc3sc% c+cs 4s hcch u0b*+ dc s sg0h )+ ch.+% chsh* dhc+ nu"n uncc+ dc b % cch 0hs 0h*c dcs+/<*4s*c. 79A. S 4tss c ul# c pcstc t!t%6 chsh* <n Cb*sn 7% <n 2h0slsh cch 0hs sclcc +. Kscch*c <l <ncch*c+ 4s"n )*b)*sh"s chs+. Dh* c /ulg 4s h*hs/ulg6% 0hs *+u. Ccl s)ccshl h*c hcclch4s <nsu4s*s cu ccl dc *<nd% )*ccu0 csbbu*slc bglsn.ss s)h* c% 4s chsh* 0hs )+gubs b*? /b*bc4 c )*bs c4 c 4s ccn.u*ch.+ s0)c* sncn % 0h*c dsscs)bl hl sgnb*hn3cs% nh4 hl )*bs scs 4s hlsh hl scb*nclss. Nu luh sch0h lh cc .scc 4s cu h < 0hs )u3sn lh cc g<ndc4 c. C bsnc s+"& cunb4 s ch s+ c scu u*s dc cl% h < ch )h* cnc*% c< 4s ch bbscc % c+cs b*scc )*bs sc cs c /ulgh*s h c% sh* /ulgul sc cb0)unc dsn )*b4 s. 795. 1!l!sc4tc rcsncrch%. T*cbusc s+ 2ss 4s 0hs )*c/+.+ b* cu nc)*c/+.u ul. Pb*ns*slc )hssunslb* s<n lunccu4u*s hlc cu0sn3cnscs% 4s"hcblb c *sscul dc"h c )sc*dc. <nhsn c.s 0hs 0ul <n *"b cls)+ dc 0<nsc shu dc bucu*sc dcc< <n 0ul c cchsu*s dc nc)+sh*c: )+4c4 s uncb*s <n *"un 0snu c< s)+4c4 s h)bs bh + /sh3h. Sn cn3sh /sclchn+ h cclb*lhl3s <s sclusc4 c )*udcn3cs hsc0cnch ss)s s*s ch s+ dch dc usch shu dc cugc : sc 2blbsc4 c dc hsc0cnch 4u*ubu*s hlc scc*c clb*% <nc< s.bu csc h slcs 4s cch 0hs 0h*c ch)hcs h c. Ksc cbn *h"/sclc4ug *c3snc*ch% 0hs hlcs <n s.bucns*s. C nc/bsc dc 0ul + *c2lcc3sc )cn *u ch )h s0h s+ nu sc h0bhlc.c 4s c 0h*c cu0sn c csnc *+0<nc cu 0sn c 4s c+lh*c7. Csnc"4s d+ sch0h dc *ssc u0bl+ cu hc . Pc c< dc u4bh*+ s sc )h*c /b*bh cclus cc"b h*unc+% )c"h < dc g*ch cclus cc"b )*s0c4 c 4s"b c<n +*c4 c. 798. Nu "urs dc !!hlh pr!stulus%. <n3clc)3ss 0b* dc bbsccs ls)ss3s dc cu0sn3cnsc: )*b4 ss% ds0)b *s/+% s+ us dc s2h . H 0u*s ch
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4s% dccs% sncu*hbsl. <n3clc)3ss su2c*+ dc bbsccs dc ls)s+ dc <n3clc)csunc )*hc sc+ shu 0undhn+ $c!rdurh, *b0. cu"sncnsc), )c c<nd )*b4 ss ;hscs <n scns s *sc E su2c*+ dc )c u*0h <ndb)+*ss cu s2h u*s snu slc% c2. Crsl, &&%B% cbnssdc*h3sslc dcs)*c >)*bs sh sncu*hbsl+". Ccs ch*c >0b* )cn *u c+ ss0 " s<n <n3clc)3ss% ccs ch*c > *+scsc )cn *u c+ nu ss0 " s<n )*b4 ss. 79'& ...pr!stsslc c!"unc6 C2. Dssc., @#SS: Br., (6% &'8% 798: CrsL, &&%'. 79'7 s#n!rhncs6 Lh G*hcs1n% s#n!rhncsh 4s ncccdhd s<n ssnbns0c. 79'6 dc s!hrth sh6 C2. Hb*h3su% Shtsrc, S% S% &=6? >Dc cc% Mcccnh% b0ul nscsc<nd nu"s 0ul3u0s Cu sbh* h cc"s 2u dh + shu ssngu* 4s"h c*bs O Dc cc <l )s.0usc4 c )c hl ul 2scch*c% s"h cclb*lhl3s u*ss + 0hs 2c*scs +"3s )h*cO" ;T*hd. dc Hl. Hbdb4 4s Th. M+sncscuE. 7&9& ...hdc/+*? C2. Dssc% #SSS% @@SS: Br., &7% &(% &7&: Crst., &&&%6. &SB7 prsn ccs trccus6 Hdsc+ nu ds*cc % s)un<ndu"lc <n 2h3+ hdc/+*ul shu cb*cc <ndu"s% cs snds*cc % cs <ndu"lc ch.u*s hsc0+n+ bh*c )c *ccu c hl c<nd/h. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 6&5
7&&. *n ccr, t!tul c "ulu"src, *n snkcrn, t!tul c *ntrssthrc%6 <n lu0c% ch lh 0sDlbc% 4s unh% 4s hl h: s +0 <n *c dbu+ cC *c0c 4s"hs 2cl nc"0)+* +4s0 dsn h0bclc. Sb*3slc hl c*nch.+? nu *cbusc s+ 2sc b ul nb*bc% nscs b ul hd/c*ss h c. Lu0ch hcchs h c un .c*b? ssngu*+% nu /hlb*ch.+ ns0sc: hl+ u*<nd"b cc*ulus% 0ul . Snds2c*cn3h 2h3+ dc ncs h b*nscsh cs cs c cu0sn3cnsc% 4s lh <n3clc)3s n"h*c cu*s nbu h ch. #sh3h ns sc <nl+n3usc ch <n *"b )scs+ dc ch *u: lh s2<*4s % sc dcscu*c+? h cn3sc% dh*% s+ s2<*4c4 s bsnc. 7&7. Rc0cr 3s t!tdchunh ults"clc sccrctc hlc hrtcs %. Ch 0h*ss 0hgss *s% cc *ccu*g lh sub sls h ch hcchs h chsh* c<nd b )*cdhu cclb*lhl3s: *cbusc s+ *+0<s )u*u*s su)c*sb* 4s )u*u*s 0hgss *u. Ch + s+ )u*cc.s cu h* + <n <0)+* +4s*ch h* cs: nscsbdh + s+ nu sccc s./b*ul <n/+3+ u*ss% du)+ cu0 nscs ccl hl d+*us*ss. H4h sc )+s *ch.+ *c)u h3sh 4s dc)cndcn3h. C<nd c s+ 2hcs )l+cc*c 4s s+"s <n/c3s )c hl3ss% *cbusc s+ *cs)cc3s hcch 0h*c lcc3sc dc h h*+ns nccu*0h hd0s*h3sh 4s dc h <nhsn h <n dcs+/<*4s*c. Rc.c*/c <n bh c ss uh3sslc% sh + b 0h*c *cgul+ )cn *u h *+s% )cn *u h <n/sngc% 4s 0hs hlcs <n sluDbclc cclc 0hs subls0c. 7&6. *n h s c!ntrh0scs%. C b 0h*c s *h hgc0+ h )*b/bc+*ss% nu )cn *u h c )*sndc% cs )cn *u h )*sndc. Cs c 4u*ub unsc% ccl cc 2hcc s+ sh*+ h2cc clc: ncg*hbh dc h c*cdc c un /b0s s/ hl scc*c clb*% chcsc h cclus 0hs .+/b*< )sc) . Khcs cu 0h*c sub sls h c dublh <ncc*ch*c h ss03s*ss 4s"h Dudcc+3ss. Un dss)*c3 hbsl 2h3+ dc /b*bh 0ss c*sbhs+ h ccluslhl /<nch.+ cclc 0hs )*b2undc hsnc 4s lc 0+*un3c4 c"n 0scs <0buc+ u*s% )<n+ cc lc"hducc )c ls0b+ 4s lc"0)sngc <n n+/bhdclc h0+gs*ss 0c4 c4ugs c. Rc.c*/h h cn ulus b 2hcc )c"h ccluslhl s+ sc )*ccs)s c% 4s dcscb)c*+ hs 2cl ss03s*ch ccluslhl % c+cs hl 0sn c*s sns0h s"h* 2s *+0hs snsc*u hbsl+. B <ndbshl+ ss0ul hn+ c ccl 0hs bun 4)c*hclu hl cu*sb.s +3ss dc h 4 s b cc /*cs. s chsh* )cn *u h <n/+3h% b s *h hgc0+ h dsscs)blulus cs c s+"4s cbn *h.sc+ *sshgss *ul% ch*c sc hnghDch.+ cu 4s 0hs 0ul + *</n+ <n cC)lsch*ch 4s dc0bns *h*ch hdc/+*ulus: h4h <nc< cb0bh c*ch 0+su*h + )*slcDusc4 c lcc3sh <nchcgh +.
4s ccs 0hs
21<1 Nu khcc dsntr3! pr!stsc, d!u6 C2. Cr., SS) Br., &7A% &(7% &8A% 7A&: Crst., 119;.
7&B ...cu sntcnsc sccund6 C2. Br., &6% &5%65% &9B% &(6: B,*9 1119<. 7&B7 t*rc!hlclc... !hlclc6 Cchs/hl+0 Dbcul dc cu/sn c dsn b*sgsnhl? >! nb clc lhs punths Fuc /h cchhndb )h*h /cns* hl punt! dc su )*c cnssbn". 7&A S hs u4ursnh !r!srss6 C-. Cr., SSS) Dssc., SS) B*.% 7B6. 7&5 Nu trc!usc s su!c4ts...6 C2. Dssc., SS) Br., 11&% 76(%765%7B5: Crst, &%B.
7&57 prsctcns... du4"hns6 C2. )*b/c*bclc? >Dcscub*s0c h cl cb0b h0sgb% ! h*0bsc0c cb0b cs sgb" ;>M"h0 h*+ h lus ch )*sc cn 4s 0s s" h"nh*0h ch 0h* b*"E% shu >Cl )cb* cs sgb% cl Fuc 2uc u h0sgb" ;>Ccl 0hs *+u 0h* b*% ccl cc 3s"h 2bs )*sc cn"E. Tc0h )*sc cnscs lh G*hcs1n c hbb*dh + dsn )c*s)cc s/c ds2c*s c. G+ss0 4s clbgsul b hl hl )*sc cnscs $Br., &&&E% )*sc cnsh ch *c.ul h hl hlcgc*ss 4s hl h2sns +3slb* su2lc c4 s 4s sn clcc uhlc% dh* 4s% ch hscs% )*sc cnsh cs*cu0s hn3shl+% >)bls sc+"% <0)b *s/h c+*csh 0h*clc sc.us h/c* s.ch.+% ss uh 2ssnd <n h*sh )*udcn3cs 0undhnc. 7&8& Nu hcs!nh dsn !!stsnhsc...6 Ck. Dssc, @S#: Br., &(7. 7&87 ...un trsu"k6 C2. Plsnsus ccl T<n+*% Phnc#srscul Sus Trhshn, &A% 7? >4s nu chu3s *su02ul <n b*scc <0)*cDu*h*c" ;cd. cs .% ). 6AAE. 7&86 hntsp!0s6 Hscs% <n scnsul dc lbcus b*s hs unb* 3snu u*s bh*bh*c% ss uh c lh cC *c0s +3slc lu0ss. 7&' ...!" hl sclcnscs6 C2. Cr., "SS) Br., &6%&5%(B%7(6: Crst., 1193. 7&'7 ...nu 4s lh cs hchs6 1rh0h c clhbb*h + du)+ 0bdclul /cchsulus )*b/c*b >Jus scsh% 0hs nb )b* 0s chsh" ;0h*chs.ul dc Shn sllhnh% >D*c) h c% dh* nu 4s lh 0snc"n chs+"E% cs h dc G*hcs1n 4s <n CrsL, 2s% &9. 320 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS
776. Nu ks c-ccss dc ssn#ulhr%. Dsn h2cc h*c shu ncb+gh*c dc sch0+% unss s<n dc b ssngulh*s h c nb hbsl+% cu hc3suns 0hnshchlc% ch*c s<n 0hs 0ul dc2cc c dcc< ds2c*cn3sc*s. s h4h cu0 unss s<n 2bh* c cunbscu3s )*sn c< c"b u*<3cnsc h)h* c h chs)ulus% h4h 4s hcc4 sh% )*sn c< c un cCccs <n cb0)b* h*c. Ssngulh*s.h*ch nu sluDc4 c dcc< ch blh0% cu un )h* sculh*ss0 cc s <*nc4 c% )c *<nd% lh unss *<sul% lh hl3ss su)+*h*ch. 77(. *n h s hpucs lucrurslc%6 nscsbdh + <n *+s)+*% chsh* dhc+ /sn. Tbh c hu 2h3+ 4s *c/c*s. Ccl 0hs bun 4s 0hs
2h/b*hbsl% dhc+"& h)ucs dc +s4% /h +*n+: ds0)b *s/+% ccl 0hs bs sl% dhc+ dc )l+sch% h)+*+. Mul c% ch*c"hu hdus n+)hs +% h* 2s hdus% dhc+ ls s"h* 2s c+u h h/hn hDclc% 0ul3u0s*c. <n bh c cCss + )+*3s bunc 4s *clc? dsb+csh c h 4 s s+ dhs dc 2blbs. Hcclh4s luc*u 2hcc h)c 2bh* c ds2c*s c% dhc+"& )*s/c4 s sub lu0sns ds2c*s c? )*s/c4 c"& sub cch h 2c*scs*ss. Nu *cbusc s+ <ncu*cs d<*lbgss bsnclus 4s"hs *+ulus. H4h sc 2hcc c+ unss g+scsc <n bh c 0ul3u0s*ch% sh* hl3ss ncch.ul. Mh*c lchc <0)b *s/h lb/s u*slb* sb*3ss 4s 0h*c *cgul+ dc /sh3+ )cn *u b*scc /*c0c 4s )cn *u b*scc sluDb+. 77B. Cun!h4tc3s dckcctul3rc#c%. Ns0cns nu *+sc4 c 2+*+ cl% cbn *h)bndc*c lh dh*ul c0sncn % 4s% dhc+ <nclsnh*ch <l 2h/b*s.ch.+% <n*bbc4 c s*hnsc. S+"ncc)s h"s dcclh*h *+.bbs% scul<nd <0)b *s/+"s g*sDh% sh* )*s0ul )hs 2sc dh*ch <n /slchg% dcbh*ccc% 2ssnd cunbscu % /h 2s b+ u % 0hs hlcs dhc+ ccl sn c*csh <l Dudcc+ lh 2cl ch 4s ccs cc s" & <n2sc*ch.+. Ch s+ 2ss s +)<n )c snc c ncccsh* s+ /cghc.s hsu)*h h. B dh +"n/sns hccs ch) hl s0)c*2cc3sunslb*% bh c /b* ch)s ulh. 77A. Htcnsc s *ndht!rc0s%. Ccs 0hs 0ul3s nu /b*bcsc 4s nscs nu hc3sbnch.+ du)+ cu0 s<n % cs du)+ cu0 <s bblsgs. B*scsnc )bh c hc*cds h cu )*ssbssn3+ *+ul% )cn *u c+ *+ul c 2bh* c c*c.u % chsh* dhc+ uncb*s snc*cdsbsl. Tb cc h/c0 0hs 0ul 4s 0hs bun dc)sndc dc *h)b* u*slc cu ccslhl3s. Unss sc 0ul3u0csc s+ hsb+ d*c) h ch dc )h* ch lb*% dh* nu"s dc"hDuns% c+cs c nc/bsc s"b hDu3s cu s<*gusn3h. <ndh b*h*ch cbs + uncb*s 2bh* c )u3sn 4s /hlb*ch.+ 0ul ? cu /b*bc cu0)c*s 2h) c. <n hcchs + 0h*c chs+ h uns/c*sulus nu c scul+ h <

dc nc *cbnsc+% <nc< % 0+ch* lh un hn b dh +% s+ nu 2hc+ *cbusn3+ 4s% chsh* dc"h* /hlb*h )u3sn% <s /cs ss03s 0ul ls)sh. Kscch*c /b*bc4 c dcs)*c bbscc 0<nh dc h2cc . 775. Nu ks hl prs"cs s"prcsss%. Unss <4s shu dc nc/cs c )*s0h /cs c% h4h <nc< cclclhl c s<n cbncubsnc 4s% cu0 0sncsunh c 0c*cu <n 2*un c% nu 0hs *+0<nc lbc 4s )cn *u hdc/+*. Nu *cbusc u0)lu c nscs /bsn3h cu )*s0ul bbscc % nscs sn clcc ul cu )*s0h )*b)b.s3sc% c+cs <nsch0n+ snsu2scscn3+ h ch)hcs +3ss. Unss hu )*b)*sc h ch ulcsb*ulus nbu7% )c ch*c )unc s +)<ns*c <n <sul 0s*bs% h < hl lscb*ss )*bhs c% c< 4s hl cclcs bunc. C<nd hcchs + snsu2scscn3+ hDungc h"s 2s cunbscu +% ch dc/snc d+un+ bh*c% dcbh*ccc d+ /hd /sclcnscs *+u +csbhsc? *+u sn cn3sbnh3ss sc g*+bcsc s+ /b)schsc+ <n culbh*ch lb* c*cduls h ch. R+0<n+ b dchunh lbc )cn *u *ccCh0snh*c: )+s" *c.c"4s HlcChnd*u cchlhl + u*cchc )cn *u )h* ch hd/c*s+6? *+0<n+ lbc )cn *u h dbuh 4s"h *csh sn2b*0h*c. S0)*cssbnhbsl s h ch c sc0n dc snch)hcs h c 4s cs c h)*bh)c dc )hssbnhls h c. 778. Nu ks #ur rch%. Nccu0 s+ hs hsc0cnch *cnu0c% c+cs h* <nsc0nh 2hs0+ dc 2hs0b2bb7. Nu 2s sngcnsbs )c s)snh*ch cclb*lhl3s% c+ c 0hs cu*<nd bdsbs dcc< hnc/bsbs. Sc *+.bun+ b3s )c snc% /b*"bsndu" c b3s dc *+u% 4s% cu0 u c4 s ssngu*% sh* cs 0ul3s% 0hs dcg*hb+ c /b* <n/sngc dcc< <s /cs cbn/sngc. R+ul nu *cbusc s+ bucu*c nscsbdh + 4s nscs s+ nu 2sc cb0cn h . Clc/c s b*ul c dc cs h <n /ccs 4s% chsh* dhc+ uncb*s <4s 0hs 2hc dc /b*b+ cu cl )c*sbnhDc sus)usc% b 2hc 0hs 0ul dc d*hgul .c2lc0clss dcc< dsn s s0+ )cn *u cu0sn3cnsh lus. Sh* csnc /b*bc4 c dc *+u <4s hudc b dchunh /b*bc 4s 0hs *clc6.
77'. *n h s3s *"prs shh cu dssccrncrc%6 nu cu0 /sn <0)*cDu*+*slc% cs cu )*c/cdc*c 4s clcc3sunc. C *udnsc+ 2+*+ b)*s*s% ch b c+l+ b*sc lung+ 2+*+ hhnu*s: b 2hcc 2c*scs + c*uds h /h*sc h c. Ccl dsn <s )b)hs hl /sc3ss 2*u0bhsc s+ ns"& chcl us0 cbn/c*s<nd cu 0b*3ss: nc nh4 c0 s)*c"h cunbh4 c 4s"h nc cunbh4 c% sh* c+*3slc nc 2hc 2sdcl )c*sbhnc. H dbuh c h)+ 2blbsc4 c"b )cn *u ccs /ss? /+.<nd 4s <nsc0n<nd b bsnclc lu0ss: nu bh c luc*u*slc sc g+scsc <n *"b 3h*+% .cs *ch h <0)+*3s "b P+*sn clc uns/c*shl% 4s uncb*s h <0bbg+3s "b 0hs 0ul )c u*< +7. H *csh c h)+ 2sc <n <n *cgs0c"h h? ul s0+ 2c*scs*c% 2slb.b2h*ch. 769. Dcschsdc !chss lh ts"p%. Nu b3s ccs cc /+d hu dcschss bchss% nscs b3s ccs cc )*s/csc /+d. Du0s*s*ch <*.sc nu 0hs c lchc% cs ncch.. Unss <ncc) s+ /hd+ c<nd nu 0hs hu cc? 4s"hu dcs2+cu chsh 4s 0hsh <nhsn c dc h sc 2s 2+cu )c cs <n4s4s. C g*cu s+ dhs sn clsgcn3+ cus n"h*c /bsn3+% dh* 4s 0hs 4s s+ dhs /bsn3+ cus n"h*c sn clsgcn3+7: ccs dsn )*chD0h lb* sc Dbhc+ cu cs ch 4s ns4 c b*bs% s)*c hh.ul cclb*lhl3s: 4s% dsn )*scsn+ c+ s<n su*.s ch s+ hud+. nu dcschsd bchss ch s+ /hd+. Nu ls)sc4 c <ns+ c< c unul ch*c lc <n *c3snc snscnssbsls h ch% <n *uc< cCss cn3h lus sc <n c0csh.+ )c sncCss cn3h lb*. Nc2c*scs chlul hl c+*us s +)<n n"h*c bchs? g*cu sc /h" ng*+4h6. 76&. Nu dc0 lus lucrurs pc 7u"thtc kcutc%6 s+ 2sc sh/u*h c <n dcs+/<*4s*ch lb*. Tbh c <ncc)u u*slc s<n
sn2b*0c% 4s *+0<nc
h)bs scbhnh hcclcs ds2b*0s +3s: h0sn s*ch luc*ulus /+.u s* )c*2cc nu"3s <ng+dusc s+ c bucu*s dc cl c*0snh . Sh/u*h*ch dsn *"b dh + h unus bbscc 0h*c% dc4s cbn u*b+ Dudcch*ch )+*3slb*% sh ss2hcc )c dc)lsn gus ul. <nhsn c dc h 2s% b ul c ns0sc% sh* c<nd <ncc)c s+ 2sc% c <nc+ 2bh* c )sc*du <n ns0scul s+u. #cdc*ch )*cg+ s*ss cclus 0hs hlcs 2cl dc 0<nch*c 0hs dcg*hb+ hsc dcc< s <*nc4 c )b2 h? 2c*chsc+"sc% dh*% b*scc 0h*c 0hcs *u ch b)c*clc s+"s 2sc .+*s c <n c0b*sbn? <n/c3c dc lh nh u*+ s+ nu 4s lc cC)un+ )<n+ c<nd nu )b h)+*ch. 767. S+ hs un drh" dc nc#ust!r%. S+ nu 2sc b ul dbh* s)cculh3sc% s+ 2sc 4s hc3sunc. Ccs 2bh* c <n3clc)3s s<n lcsnc dc h0+gs dsn )*scsn+ c+% dc4s cunbsc ncbbs4nus ul% sgnb*+ bbs4nus ul /sc3ss% ch*c c 0hs ncccsh*. Cbn c0)lh*ch luc*u*slb* subls0c nu lc 0hs lhs+ lbc )cn *u cclc ss0)lc: 4s% cu0 sgnb*+ cc h* 2s *cbus s+ 4 sc <n )*s0ul *<nd 4s"n ch*c b3s s<n ss c3s% s<n 2sc )*s/s3s cu 0s*h*c% 2sc sbcb s3s sgnb*hn3s dc /ulgul su)c*2scshl. B+*bh ul <n3clc) s *1dushsc+"sc% h4hdh*% s+ hsb+ cc/h dc ncgus b*% h < h c< *cbusc ch s+ nu 2sc h0+gs 4s chsh* luh )cs c )scsb*? 2ss b0 hl )*hc scss c+cs% dc4s nu c cc/h su)c*sb*% c dc cch 0hs 0h*c *cbusn3+ ch s+ *+sc4 s. Lh cc c bun+ bh*c 4 ssn3h% dhc+ nu"s u sl+O7 Sh* h 4 s s+ *+sc4 s c h.s hdc/+*h h 4 ssn3+Q 766. Nu dh #rc4 cu #ustul hltush%6 c+cs h* 2s s+"s 2hcs un ncch. <n lbc dc )l+cc*c. Unss% sbcb snd c+ <ndh b*ch.+% su)+*+% 2ssndc+ nu <n3clcg 2s*slc. CCss + hc3suns ch*c )cn *u unss s<n 0+guls*c 4s )cn *u hl3ss Dsgns*c% sh* ccch cc c*cdchs c+ c b 0<nh dc hDu b* h 2bs b )hl0+. H cbs h uncb*s 0hs scu0) s+ 2hcs b nc)l+cc*c dcc< h* 2s cbs h s+ 2hcs b )l+cc*c. Psc*d 4s *ccunb4 sn3h% 4s *+s)lh h dbh* )cn *u c+ hu )sc*du nb*dul <ndh b*+*ss. Dhc+ nu cunb4 s 2s*ch ccluslhl % g*cu <l /cs )u ch 0ul3u0s: h4h sc 2hcc c+ unss hu g<nds s+ *bs chsc+ b lhud+ 4s hu *bs s b snDu*sc% ccch cc
7667 pcdchps !snc"crstht6 Pcdch)s+ nu )cn *u ccl cc h 2+cu clbgsul% cs )cn *u ccl ch*c"& )*s0c4 c% 4 ssnd c+ nu"& 0c*s +. C2. Psld, 75% &(? >Cclus cc bsnc"cu/<n ch.+ )c )*sc cnul s+u cu glhs 0h*c dss"dc"ds0snch3+% s sc sbcb c4 c ch un blcs c0." 76(-Nu3s *ncrcdsnh rcputhsh...6 C2. B*.% 7&5. 76(7 nu tc *ncrcdc nscs!dht6 C2. Scncch% Scrss!rs, SSS? >Cs c lh 2cl dc g*c4s h c <nc*cdc <n bh + lu0ch ch 4s h nu c <nc*cdc <n ns0cns: dh* <n )*s0ul ch. h4 .scc c+ c /b*bh dc b /sn+ 0hs bnb*hbsl+% <n hl dbslch% dc unh ch*c 2c*c4 c 0hs bsnc dc )*s0cDdss" ;cd. cs .% ). AE. 76B& *n h s ccrs6 C2. Dssc., @@SS: Br., 59: Crst., SS% &&. Bh llb*s 4s Pc*hl h 2hc *s0s c*s lh dbc *snh <n 0h c*sc h lus Sgnhcsb dc
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765& ...sccrctc c supcrs!rss ts6 C2. Cr., SS: Br., 7&5% 7B'% 7A9: Crst., &%&6: SSS% A. 7657 pcrc... psctrc6 Hdh) h*c h unus )*b/c*b ch*c% sub 2b*0h sh cch 0hs /cchc% sunh hs 2cl? >Cn bu*lhs ns cn /c*hs% cbn u sc2sb* nb )h* hs )c*hs" ;>Nscs <n glu0+% nscs <n hdc/+*% cu s +)<nul nu"0)+*3s )c*c"E% <n*cgss *h dc 0h*chs.ul dc Shn sllhnh. shu% sub b 2b*0+ 0hs *cccn +? %.Ns cn bu*lhs ns cn /c*hs cbn u h0b )h* hs )c*hs"% cchs/hlhbsl 0hs lsbc* hs 2cl? >Nscs ssls % nscs dc )l+cc*c% nu"0)+*3s cu db0nul )c*c" ;Sbh*bsE. 7656 hcclh4s rssc hp!s6 Rsscul sdcn sc )cn *u b lsngu*+ 2+cu + dsn cbhD+ dc )<snc cs c dc h 2s <nghs3s + du)+ cc 4s"h <ndc)lsns *blul dc h *hns)b* h lh gu*+ buch clc. 768 Cun!h4tc pscsh cc3s lspsc4tc6 C2. Dssc., SS% @S#% @#SS% @@% @@S% @@SS: B*.% A%&77%7AA. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNTCS 327
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7B6...c!nccptul. C2. Cr., #: Hsc% #SS: Br., &B7% 7&A: Crst., SS% B. C2. 4s Thcs % H#rsc!lh, 69%&6? >b0nc sgnb u0 )*b 0hgns2scb cs " ;>b*scc cs c nccunbscu *ccc d c) 0+*c3"E. #c.s 4s 2snhlul h2b*ss0ulus. 7B67 trc!usc s c!stc6 #c.s )*b/c*bul >Lb Fuc )bcb cucs h% )bcb sc )*ccsh" ;Cb**chs% >Cc cbs + )u3sn )u3sn c )*c3us "E. 7B( Nu "sns"hls0h rul...? C2. B*.% 6&: Crst, &%&%(. 7B(7 undc "hs s*nt6 C2. )*b/c*bul? >Hdbndc /hs% 0hlO Hd1ndc 0hs hh!" ;Hc01n Nunc.% >Undc c ducs% ncnb*bcs*cO Undc 0hs s<n 4s hl clc"E. 7B(6 d!hr"c6 C2. Publslsus S!*us% Scntcntshc, B'8? >Nbn cs 0b/cndu0 bcnc cbnsb)s u0 0hlu0" ;>Nu *cbusc s <*ns un *1u bsnc hdb*0s "E 4s )*b/c*bul? >Cuhndb lh 0hlh /cn u*h sc duc*0c% nhdsc lh dcs)sc* c" ;>C<nd sbh* h *ch hdbh*0c% ns0cns s+ n"b *c.chsc+"E. 7BB *n h s khcs !snclc6 C2. Br., B%&(&% 7B6. 7BB7 nu d, cs sndc6 C2. )*b/c*bul? >Guscn dh% bscn /cndc% ss nb cs nccsb Fuscn )*cndc" ;Hc01n Nunc.% >Csnc d+ /sndc bsnc% dhc+ nu"s
)*bs csnc )*s0c4 c"E. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 333
dcc< s+"s <ndh b*c.s )cs c 0+su*+: ch s+ nu )l+ chsc+% sc *c *hg% 4s% dsn <ndh b*h3s% <3s hDung du40hns 6. Sdblul n" h* /*ch s+"& /hd+"n 2h3+ )c scul) b*ul ch*c &"h 2+u*s % nscs <ndh b*h ul )c bsnc2+c+ b*ul s+u% <n bchs. Mh*c sub sls h c h d+*us*ss(% s+ cbs c )u3sn 4s s+ 2sc db*s + 0ul % ch s+ 2sc 4s 0hs 0ul )*c3us +. 7BA. 1ss "crcu *n #hrd%6 cbn *h b+d+*hnslb*% <nc+)+3<nh3slb*% <ng<02h3slb* 4s u u*b* sbsu*slb* dc )*b4 s. Undc )us c+ s<n 0ul3s% 4s cu0sn3cnsh c s+ nu c )us cu cs. Zslnsc <nh*0ch.+" c cu g<ndu*s 2c*0c <n bglsndh h cn3scs hlc% 4s hs 2cl /cs bs*us hnhnghsslc )*bs scs: chsb.usc4 c cu luh*c"h0sn c 4s nu"3s /cs cC)unc *c)u h3sh unb* *sscu*s /ulgh*c? b+*bh ul )us <n gh*d+ dc cu0sn3cnsc nu /h 2s dbbb*< dc bb*+.nscsc. D*u0ul *clh3sslb* b0cnc4 s c hnc/bsbs% 2ssnd )lsn dc s <ncs hlc dssc*cds +*ss: bcbls*ch lb* <nsch0n+ ssgu*hn3+% cbnsul <ndu"& )c Ulssc <n sscussn3+. Dc 0h*c /hlbh*c c"hscs cschs/h sub sl+: 0hs )*csus dc b*scc% sh"b )*sn 2slb s0sc% c+cs c scu* + u*h unsc+ dsn <ncu*c+ u*s. 7B5. Nu h7un#c nscs!dht lh ruptur6 c+cs dsn ch *c)u h3sh scsc b dchunh 4 s*bs +. B*scsnc c bun dc du40hn% nu 4s dc )*sc cn: )u3sns )b 2hcc bsnc% dh* h)*bh)c b3s *+u. #ul u*ul nu g+sc4 c cusb ssgu* nscs chsh* <n s<nul lus Su)s c* dsn .suh c<nd sc cch* + cu un sch*hbcu&? cu ghch*h cclus 2+3s4 h3<3+ 2bcul dsss0ulh3ss% ch*c hbsh h4 c) hu )*slcDul. Dsn h0scss <n*+s3s scs ccs 0hs <n/c*4unh3s snh0scs: 3s"& <ng*cush.+ cu dc2cc clc hl b*h )c ccl )*b)*su 4s )*c2c*h dc snc. Dsn *c ccs cc )*s/csc% 2scch*c /b*bc4 c cu0 ss0 c 4s ss0 c cu0 db*c4 c% bs<ndsndu" s )c b3s% 2sc )cn *u ls)s+ dc )*c/cdc*c% lh <ncc)u % 2sc dc *+bdh*c% lh s2<*4s % 4s dc cu0sn3cnsc% b dchunh. Dhc+ sc)h*h*ch c snc/s hbsl+% s+ 2sc su)b* hbsl+? 0hs bsnc cu *+cs*ch )*c2c*sn3cs dcc< cu /sblcn3h 2u*scs. s hscs /snc bsnc .schlh cu b *c *hgc*c 2*u0bhs+7.
7BB6 *s h7un# du4"hnss6 C2. Thcs % Hnhlc, S#% &8? >Sc*/scsslc s<n <ns+ bsnc/cns c nu0hs h < c< lc )u c0 *+s)l+ s: c<nd *cc )cs c )u c*slc nbhs *c% <n lbc dc *ccunb4 sn3+% lc *+s)l+ s0 cu u*+ ; *hd. C. Lb/sncscuE. 7BB( su!tslsthtc h drusrss6 C2. B/sdsu% H"!rcs, S% #SSS% A7? >C*cdc 0shs% *cs cs sngcnsbsh dh*c" ;>C*cdc"0+% cs c cu duh ccl ch*c 4 sc s+ dch"% *hd. dc M."#. Pc *cscuE. 7BA& 1ss "crcu *n #hrd6 C2. Dssc., S#% @S#% Br., 68. 8': Crst., &%&&. 7B5 Dultur... schrh!cu... Hlu.sc lh 2hbulh lus Csb)% Dulturul 4s schrh!cul, (% cd. cs .% ). 77. Lh 2cl 4s >ghch*h cclus 2+3s4"% hdsc+ h du40hnulus dcclh*h % ch*c h3<3+ 2bcul 0<nscs h4h cu0 ghch*clc <ns<ngc*h c hlc /ul u*ulus hu s <*ns db*sn3h dc *+.bunh*c h sch*hbculus. C2. Dssc% @SS: Br. 68%&A&%7&5: Crst., &&&%A. 7B57 ! rctrh#crc kru"!hs6 C2. Cr., @S: Br., 68. 334 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNTCS
7A&. Nu pcrsc crh *n pr!stsc%. Unss <4s 2hc bblsgh3sc dsn c*bh*c 4s% )cn *u c+ hu <ncc)u )*sn h g*c4s% )c*sc/c*h*ch ls sc )h*c c+ c s h b*nscsc: <n 2b*ul lb* l+un *sc <4s hcu.+ *+ +cs*ch% dh* <n ccl )ublsc 4s"b scu.+% d*c) ch*c% dhc+ <n cls)h c<nd hu <ncc)u )*bs sh hu 2bs hCh3s dc ncsbcb s3s% c<nd )c*sc/c*ch.+"n ch s<n cbn2s*0h3s d*c) )*b4 s. Nscs 2+g+dushlh ncs+bus +% nscs hb +*<*ch g*c4s + nu c*cch.+ bblsgh3ss. Hs 2cl <4s duc unss 0hs dc)h* c )*s0h ncghsbbsc 4s"4s )bh* + <nhsn c )u3sn+ h ch? /b* s+ 2sc s0)c* sncn3s s h b*nscs. 7A7. *n h s uss%? c 0hs 0ul nb*bc dcc< h* +7. Luc*u*slc cclc 0hs /*cdnscc dc us h*c s<n cclc 0hs h0sn s c.
Mc0b*sh nu c dbh* b+d+*hn+% ls)ssnd c<nd nc cs c 0hs dc *cbusn3+% cs 4s )*bhs +% d<nd 2ugh c<nd n"h* 2s ch.ul? <n b cc hducc ncch. c )cdhn +% 4s"n b cc"h* 2s s"hduc+ bucu*sc cs c ncglsDcn +. Lchcul su2c*sn3cs c uncb*s us h*ch% dh* us +0 lchcul6. Sc chdc% h4hdh*% s"b dc)*sndc0( cu bbsccsu*s h < dc cb0bdc% )cn *u c+ ch ssngu*+ nc d+ 2c*scs*c shu shd. CCcc)3sc 2hc 0ul3u0s3ss% ch*c <n s h*ch lb* dc snbccn3+ <4s sh/u*ch.+ 2c*scs*ch <0)+. 7A6. Multc lucrurs h#rch!slc nu trc!usc s lc p!sc0s pcrs!nhl%. Lc sh/u*c.s 0hs 0ul s *+snc dcc< )*b)*ss: <n )*s0h .s% cc"s bun%
7A& Nu pcrsc crh *n pr!stsc6 C2. Br., 7&(: Cscc*b% 1slspscc, @SS% 7? >Cusususs hb0snss cs c**h*c: nullsus nsss snss)scn ss sn c**b*c )c*sc/c*h*c" ;>B*sc+*us b0 <s c dh s+ g*c4chsc+% dh* nu0hs nc<n3clc) ulus s+ )c*sc/c*c.c <n g*c4chl+"E. 7A7& In h s uss6 C2. Br., &95. 7A77 "hs "ult n!r!c dcc*t hrt6 C2. Cscc*b% Dcsprc suprc"ul !snc 4s suprc"ul ru, SS% &9(? >C<nd Ss0bnsdcs shu hl csnc/h <4s cC)unch h* h h0sn s*ss% Tc0ss bclc s)unch? LH4 )*c2c*h h* h us +*ss% c+cs <0s h0sn csc 4s ccch cc nu /*chu s+"0s h0sn csc 4s nu )b us h ccch cc /*chu s+ us M" ; *hd. dc Gh. Cchu4cscuE. 7A76 ...ust" lchcul6 Pcn *u sdcch c+ lchcul su2c*sn3clb* c us h*ch% c2. )*b/c*bul? %JLb Fuc nb scnc *c0cdsb% bl/sdh*lb cs Sb 0cDb*" ;Sbh*bs% >Ccch cc nu h*c lchc c 0hs bsnc"h"& dh us +*ss"E: 4s Scncch% Scrss!rs, @CS#? >Snsu*sh0 *c0cdsu0 cs bbls/sb"% cs h ch /c*s dsn Publslsus S!*us% Ms"s, 7B9? >Lchcul snsul clb* cs c us h*ch" ;cd. cs .% ). 6(& 4s nb h (99E. C< dcs)*c >us h*ch lchculus"% G*hcs1n <nsu4s *s0s c lh su*s+? >Lb)c dc #cgh h s)us? >C+cs c*h us h*ch lchcul% <ns+ lchcul l"h0 us h "% cs h <n Hrtc dc sn#cns!, @@@@% Mhd*sd% &A(7% *ccds h + <n HH"BG. BC% ). &76Bh. #c*su*slc lus Lb)c dc #cgh ;>Guc c*h cl *c0cdsb bl/sdh*% ! bl/sdA"sc0c cl *c0cdsb"E s<n dsn Lh sllhnh dc Gcthkc, S ;Hchd.% sc*sc nbu+% . @% ). 659bE. Sc )h*c c+ MhCs0c Chc/hlsc* nu h cunbscu hcchs + *s0s c*c h lus G*hcs1n% *csdcn s2sc<nd cl <nsu4s su*sh h2s*0h3scs dsn Br., 7A7 ;>G*hcs1n ! lh *hdscsAn b*hl"% Hssphnsc Rc sc@, ((% &'5A% ). 6BBE% dc4s ch cCss h 4s <n RN"BM% ). B9A% nb hS. #c.s 4s HH"BG. BC% ). 777h% nb h &. 7A7( s3! dcsprsndc"6 Sc *c2c*+ lh >0c0b*sc". 7A6& Multc lucrurs h#rch!slc...6 C2. Lsc.% @@#: Br., 5(: CrsL, S% 7. 66A BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNTCS
)cn *u s +)<n% <n *cs % )cn *u s *+sns. Luc*u*slc hl b*h s<n sh/u*h c cu <ndbs + dclcc h*c% hdsc+ 2+*+ ch0h )hgubcs 4s cu )l+cc*ch nbu +3ss. Ls)sh 2hcc b ul 0hs gus bs? )<n+ 4s h)h /ccsnulus 3s"b <nchs)us ncc h* 7. Pbscssunch luc*u*slb*% )c l<ng+ 2h) ul c+ 0sc4b*ch.+ dclcc h*ch% s)b*c4 c su)+*h*ch% h < ch s+ lc dhs% c< 4s s+ nu lc dhs cu <0)*u0u : n"hs hl 2blbs dcc< c+ lc )+s *c.s )cn *u hl3ss% 4s 0hs nu0c*b4s s<n du40hnss cc 3s"s ch)c3s dcc< *ccunbsc+ b*ss. 7A(. Nu h/ch 0slc dc dclshrc%. Sb*3ss <s )lhcc s+ )bcnchsc+ *cnghsu*s% bulucsnd bh c )*slcDu*slc ch s+ c sh )*sn su*)*sndc*c. Sngcnsb.s h ch% cu0sn3cnsh 4s cu*hDul% )<n+ 4s 2*u0usc3ch% *cbusc s+"3s 2sc )u*u*s gh h dc <ncc*ch*c% hl 0sn c*s .suh <nc*cdc*ss <3s /h 2s cch h dssc*cds +*ss: g*sDh% c<nd h 2bs 0hs dc *cbusn3+% h ls)ss b dchunh% c+cs 2h) ul dc h nu c 2s g<nds c hb)ul )scs*ss. Dc bbsccs% s *h hgc0h h cn3scs cclb*lhl3s c s+"3s su*)*snd+ )c*2cc3sunslc )c nc)*cg+ s c% )cn *u cCh0cnul *sgu*bs hl h)*ccsc*ss: .slclc dc bs cn h3sc s<n 4 su c% 4s /sclcnsh lc sh*c% dh* bc0hs .suh lh ch*c c h4 c) hs 0hs )u3sn 4s"b hlcgc )cn *u )*bbh*ch /hlb*ss. 7AB. *n h s3s s!lscss pc su!hltcrns%6 B sblscs h*c s/s + lh s0) s"h 2+cu )c 0ul3s )c*sbhnc% h4h cu0 un )c*scbl dc <ncc scbh c <nb + b*s. Mul3s 4s"hu dcscb)c*s hs 2cl cu*hDul 4s chsh* 4 ssn3h% ch*c hl 0sn c*s lc"h* 2s *+0hs <ng*b)h c <n s2sscsunc% dhc+ nu ls s"h* 2s b2c*s )*slcDul. Hnhnghsslc s<n bch.ss dc *c)u h3sc% 4s nbbslul% )us <n ss uh3ss c*s scc )cn *u bnbh*c% hc3sbnch.+ c< b 0sc. Ch blsch *cgsn+ Sshbclh 7 h cunbscu c0sncn hcchs + lcc3sc h sblscs +*ss% ch 4s )c bh c cclclhl c% 4s bc0hs hccs us hh <* )bls sc s"h dh b*h Mh*clc C+)s hn *cnu0clc s+u% 4s 0ul3s hl3ss 2hs0h lb* /c4nsc+? h 2+cu 0h*s bh0cns cu hcchs + sub sls h c.
7A'. 1!l!sc4tc3s n!uthtch%6 c+cs c< + /*c0c /cs 2s nbu% /cs 2s s s0h . Nbu h ch )lhcc% dh b*s + /h*sc +3ss% )*c u sndcns% gus ul sc <0)*bs)+ ch.+ 4s b 0cdsbc*s h c nbu"nbu3+ c 0hs )*c3us + dcc< un 0s*hcbl bbs4nus . Chls +3slc c0sncn c sc bccsc 4s"0b+ *<ncsc *c)cdc. s nb ch.+ c+ )u3sn /h du*h glb*sh nbu +3ss? du)+ )h *u .slc7% ns0cns n"b /h 0hs *cs)cc h. <n/h3+ dccs s+ c 2blbsc4 s dc *u2hndhlclc )*c3us*ss 4s scbh c"n 2ugh dclcc +*ss b cc s"h* )u ch )*c sndc% dcbh*ccc% b dh + *ccu + c+ldu*h hc uhls +3ss% )hssunch sc /h *+cs% 4s dclcc h*ch nbulus sc /h )*c2hcc <n )lsc ssul bbs4nus ulus. s 2ss <nc*cdsn3h c+ bh c 4s"hu h/u *<ndul% 4s lc"h *ccu . 759. Nu c!ndh"nh ssn#ur ccch cc plhcc "ult!rh%. C cc/h bun% dc /*c0c cc"s sh ss2hcc )c"h <3sh% 4s% cu bh c c+ nu c cC)lsch % c sh/u*h . Ssngulh*s h ch c b dchunh bdsbhs+% sh* c<nd c c*bnh +% *sdscbl+: /h dssc*cds h 0hs dcg*hb+ b)snsh h )*bhs + dcc< bbscc ul cs? /cs *+0<nc ssngu* cu )*bs ul +u gus . Dhc+ nu 4 ss s+ dhs dc cc"s bun. hscundc"3s 0+*gsns*ch 4s nu cbndh0nh cu hu* h% c+cs )*bs ul gus nh4 c dc bbsccs dsn sgnb*hn3+. Cc s)un b3s shu cs c shu /h s+ 2sc. 75&. Csnc 4tsc pusn s r"*n "crcu Sh cc c "hs ss#ur *n !rscc pr!kcssc %6 c+cs dc4s nu /h 2s cbnssdc*h sub sl% /h 2s sbcb s d*c) c0csnsc. Csnc 4 sc sc )bh c h/cn u*h 4s luc*h du)+ 2hn c.sc% dh* h 4 s )u3sn 4s h *ssch <nsch0n+ )*+bu4s*c /blun h*+. snc 0c*cu d*u0ul dsn d*ch) h% c+cs nu sc )bh c s+ ls)schsc+ *+snscsh. Lh 4 ssn3+ )u3sn+% d*u0 *cghl: 4s% du)+ b*scc lcgc% h < h 4 ssn3cs c< 4s h nc4 ssn3cs% ssgu*hn3h c 0hs cu0sn c dcc< ssngulh*s h ch.
757& Dsndc lucrurslc cu prc dc curtcnsc6 C2. Br., &&8%77A. 756& *nclc#crch ksrsl!r...6 Ck. Dssc% @@SS: Br., 89: CrsL, &%&7: H% &&. 7567 Cun!sc*nd... "!ts ul su6 K*h.+ cbn2u.+ <n b*sgsnhl? >Cbnbcsdh bscn lh chush% sc cbnbcc cl c2cc b% hn cs cn cllh ! dcs)uc"s cn su 0b s/b". Cbn2u.sh c hg*h/h + dc bsnc 4 su h s0)*ccs.sc h hdDcc s/ulus )bscss/ s)hnsbl% nc*c.ul <nd cu clh*s h c ch*c cs c hn cccdcn ul lus >su" dsn >cn su 0b s/b". H0 )+s *h cchs/bcul 4s <n *hducc*c. RN"BM% ). B78% nb h (% sc*sc? >Dc4s bh*ccu0 ncclh*% /*ch s+ s)un+% du)+ cu0 <n3clcg% c+ <n chu.+ sc cunbh4 c 0hs <n <s c2cc ul ch*c *cbusc s+"s succchd+% sh* h)bs sc *ccunbh4 c sn cn3sh $cl dcss#ns!) <n c2cc ."
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343
75'. Mcs ! 0sccrc lh c!ntrh0sccrc%. Sc cu/snc s+ dcbscbs0 c<nd )*b/snc dsn s hbsls h c shu /ulgh*s h c: nu"s b dchunh <nc+)+3<nh"*c% uncb*s c /sclcnsc. H cn3sc% dh*% s+ nu ch.s <n )*s0h 4s nscs s+ nu dcch.s <n cchlhl +. Nu c )h.+ 0hs /s ch.+ ch dc sscbhdc% sh* cbn *h 4)c*hclulus cugc clb* nu"s
cbn *h c* s) 0hs bun dcc< s+ lh4s )c dsn+un *u chcsh )*cchu3scs. 789. B" lchl. S"h dus )u* h*ch bncs +% <ndh b*s*slc s<n dc.0sn3s c% s<n )u3snc bunc <n3clcgc*s? lh ccl 0hs bun sc*/scsu% ccl 0hs *+u )lbcbn% cu0 4s"n lu0ch bh +"s 0bdh &. S<n nh3ss% <n b hls h ch lb* cu )*b)cnssunc s)*c *h)b* u*s *clc? lh unclc c 0c*cu dc c0u *+dh*ch% lh hl clc ncs h b*nscsh% 4s lh hl clc h0+gs*ch. Rchuh <n3clcgc*c h cclb*lhl3s sluDchsc+% h4hdh*% nu )cn *u s0s h*c% cs )cn *u )*c/cns*c: )*c.sn + *sscul dc h .d*uncsnh sn cg*s h ch lh s)cc hcblul )*bccdculus 0<*4h/. B+*bh ul lchl nu us + <ns+ nscsbdh + csnc cs c c<nd /cdc cu0 s<n ccslhl3s. 78&. Hpr!!hrch prsccpusl!r%. Mhs )*c3sbs c dh"ul *ccc hl unus b+*bh cCcc)3sbnhl dcc< bh c h)lhu.clc dc *<nd% 2ssndc+ *<g<sclslc dc u*lushl+ 7 nu <nsu2lc3csc. <n3clc)3ss /b*bcsc cu sn clsgcn3h 6% d*c) ch*c lhudh lb* )*bducc b sh ss2hc3sc nc0u*s bh*c. Judscsbsul Hn s"gbnbs 4s"h *cdus <n *cgul ch *u hl 2hs0cs shlc dbh* lh Zcnbn(% sh*
75'& Nscs ! 0sccrc lh c!ntrh0sccrc6 Sn b*sgsnhl% >Nb dccs* hl cbn *hdccs*"% 2b*0ulh*c cc/h 0hs h0bsguh% dh b*s + )*c2c*sn3cs )cn *u cbnsbnhn3+. Mhs clh*% c*cdc Rb0c*h Nh/h**b% s"h* 2s )u u s)unc? >Nb *cs)bndc* hl cbn *hdsc b*"% hdsc+ >Nu *+s)undc cus c cbn *h.scc". 789& cu" 4s3n lu"ch t!ht3s "!dh6 G*hcs1n 2hcc hcchs + )*ccs.h*c% dcbh*ccc /cchsul )*b/c*b lh ch*c 2hcc hlu.sc c*h /hlhbsl nu0hs )cn *u H*hgAn? >H 2uc* dc H*hgAn% h bucn sc*/scsb% 0hl ghlh*dbn% dccs >Du)+ cu0 c"n H*hgAn% lh bun sc*/scsu% *+u )lbcbn" ;Hc*n1n Nu2sc.E. P*b/c*bul hccs h c *cluh 4s <n CrsL, SB% A. 78&& Hpr!!hrch prsccpusl!r6 C2. Dssc, S% @K: CrsL, &%&6. 78&7 r*#*sclslc dc urlushl6 <n b*sgsnhl% >*cgsscldbs dc h*ss hs"% hrssth<nsc0n<nd 3ch)+% )*clungs*ch hscu3s +% 3c)bhs+ h 0c0b*hncs ch*c <n/clc4 c bbbul dc g*su shu )c hcclh hl hl b* cc*chlc. Du)+ unss cb0cn h b*s ;Rb0c*h Nh/h**b 4s C. Cb**ch Chldc*bnE% G*hcs1n 2hcc hlu.sc lh )<snch 2+cu + dsn 2+sn+ dc g**<g<scls dc 3+*hns g*bsblhn h*+ns3s". T*hducc*ch )*b)us+ dc nbs )b cn3ch.+ hccs c s0)lsch3ss hlc cC ulus% b2c*snd 4s )bssbsls h ch unus chlh0bu* cb0)cnsh b* $urlushl = url). 78&6 !r!csc cu sntcls#cn, nu cu *<g<scls% ch /ulgul. 78&( Hnts#!n!s... <cn!n6 C /b*bh dc *cgclc Mhccdbnscs Hn sgbnbs Gbnh hs ;c. 679"76' <. C*.E 4s dc 2slb.b2ul Zcnbn dsn Cs sbn ;c. 66A"c. 7A( <. C*.E% 2bndh b*ul 4cblss s bscc% )c ch*c ccl dsn <s <l )*c3ush 4s hd0s*h <n 0bd dcbscbs % d*c) ch*c lh 0bh* ch lus% Hn sgbnbs s"h )l<ns c+ h )sc*du >ccl 0hs 0h*c s)cc hcbl"% /c.s Dsbgcncs Lhc* sbs% !p. cst, #SS% A"'%&6"&B% cd. cs .% )). 66&"667 4s 666.
Plh bn <l nu0ch )c H*ss b cl <n *chgh sh 4cbhl+B. Unss sc )*cbcu)+ nu0hs s+"4s u0)lc s b0hcul% 2sc 4s cu b*hcu*s /ulgh*cA. P<n+ 4s su/c*hnss hu nc/bsc dc ccs cc sc*su 4s sc c0 dc )cnclc lb* 0hs hbs s* dcc< 2c0cslc u*< c dc )cnclu*s. 787. 1!l!sc4tc3tc dc h!scn%6 2sc )cn *u *cs)cc % 2sc )cn *u )*c3us*c. Dhc+ )*c.cn3h 0sc4b*ch.+ 2hs0h% hbscn3h b s)b*c4 c7: ccl ch*c% hbscn % h 2bs sbcb s lcu% )*c.cn h 2bs *sdscbl )lbd hl 0un3slb*6. <n.cs *+*slc"4s )sc*d lus *ul dc )*ch 0ul 2*ccu4% c+cs 0hs dcg*hb+ sc /cdc cbhDh dsn cC c*sb* dcc< 0ul ul 0sc. dsn sns0+. S0hgsnh3sh hDungc 0hs dc)h* c dcc< /+.ul% 4s h0+gs*ch% ch*c sn *+ dc bbsccs )*sn hu.% scsc )*sn bchs. Csnc sc )+s *ch.+ <n ccn *ul *cnu0clus s+u <4s )+s *ch.+ *c)u h3sh% c+cs 4s 2cnsCul *ccu*gc lh s.blh*c )cn *u cu/ssn3+ 4s lh db* )cn *u cbnssdc*h3sc. 786. Br!nt cu sn cnts sthtc cu"sntc%. Db/cdc4 c cul0c dc sngcnsb.s h c% dh* cc"h* 2s bh*c 2+*+ g*+un clc dc ncbunsc7O Sn/cn s/s h ch c h sngcnsb4slb*: bunh hlcgc*c% h )*udcn3slb*. C 4s hh*% 4s <nc+ 4s 0hs *h*% )cn *u c+ bunh hlcgc*c 0ul3s 4s"hu <nsu4s "b: bunh sn/cn3sc% )u3sns% 4s dbh* )*s0ss <n cCcclh*c 4s"n s0). Nbu h ch c 0+guls bh*c 4s% dhc+ 2c*scs +% d+ dbu+ *clsc2u*s
bsnclus. <n chcs sunslc Dudcc+3ss c )c*sculbhs+ )*sn )h*hdbC: <n cclc hlc sngcnsb.s +3ss% l+udhbsl+: 4s% dhc+"s ns0c*s c 4s unh% 4s hl h% h)lhudhbslc6. 78(. Nu ks ncp!ktst%6 4s nu /cs 2s dcscbnssdc*h . S s0ch.+" c dhc+ /*cs s+ 2ss s s0h . Kss 0hs cu*<nd .g<*cs dcc< *sss)s b* cu snc: 2+" c db*s 4s /cs 2s bsnc )*s0s : nscsbdh + nu /cns dcc< chc0h % nscs nu c ducc dcc< *s0ss. Csnc sc h0cs cc+ dc ch)ul lus% dhc+ scsc )*bs % <4s h *hgc hsu)*+"s bh + u*h% 4s dhc+ scsc bsnc% nu dbb<ndc4 c *ccunb4 sn3+. Nc)b2 s ul c 3sn + )cn *u dss)*c3us*s 4s% bc0hs )cn *u c+ sc /<*+ cu s0)c* sncn3+% c cbnccdsh cu *u4snh*c. 78B. Nu pscrs dc nckcrscsrch hltush%. Cunbh4 c"& )c ccl <nglbdh 4s *c3snc c+ c /h sblscs h ch s+ /+ cbnsblh3s dc
*+ul cb0un. Cs chu + bh0cns ch*c s+"s hDu c s+"4s <ndu*c nc2c*scs*ch% 4s ccs ch*c lh bsnc <3s <n b*cchu s)h clc% <3s <n snd hcu0 0<nh. C nc/bsc dc 0ul hc cu ccs cc sc <nchc+% s)*c h"s )u ch shl/h 2+*+"h c )*s0cDdus. 78A. Nu tc lsh *ndht!rht dct!t, nscs dc t!s%6 c+cs h* <nsc0nh s+ 2ss sclh/% 4s <nc+ bb4 csc. Unss s"hu n+scu 0hs nb*bcb4s dcc< hl3ss: hccsh ch s+ 2hc+ bsnclc% sh* hcc4 sh ch s+"& )*s0chsc+. Mhs )*c3sbhs+ c lsbc* h ch dcc< dh*ul% c+cs sc )sc*dc. C )*c2c*hbsl s+ dc)snd+ 0ul3s hl3ss dc snc dcc< s+ dc)sn.s u dc unul ssngu*. Pu c*ch n" h*c hl 2blbs dcc< )u sn3h dc"h 2hcc 0hs 0ul bsnc. Mhs hlcs% nu luh d*c) hh <* bblsgh3sh )c ch*c 3s"b hsu0s: 4s dc cclc 0hs 0ul c b*s sc /h g*+bs s+ 3s"b s0)un+ /sclcnsh cclb*lhl3s% ch s+ c )*snd+. 785. Nscs!dht nu hcs!nh pts"h4%6 /cs *h h b ul. Csnc nu"s s +)<n )c ssnc s+ nu 2hc+ ns0sc dc unul ssngu*% c+cs )h s0h hlung+ b dchunh *h3sunch: subs s usc"3s h uncs un 0cdsh b* )*udcn % ch*c h4h /h 2s% dhc+ nc)+ s0h4: b dchunh ccs cc hsss + /+d 0hs 0ul dcc< ccs cc Dbhc+% 2ssndc+ nu sc )hssbnch.+. Dhc+ c ss03s )b*ns % cu0sn3cnsh sunc *c *hgc*ch% )cn *u ch s<ngclc s+ nu h)ucc"h 2sc*bc"n snc% hl 0sn c*s /cs 2hcc b ul s<ngc*bs 4s"n scu* s0) /cs dh h*hn+ 0ul b* .slc dc *u4snh*c )*b)*sc 4s dc clc/c s*c s *+sn+.
788. Trsc4tc dup prslc7%. Gu/c*nh*ch% cugc h*ch% b ul s+ 2sc du)+ ch.: /bsc4 c c<nd sc )bh c% c+cs s0)ul 4s" hnb s0)ul nu h4 ch) +. Nu u0blh cu gcnc*hls +3s% 2+*+ nu0hs <n 2h/bh*ch /s* u3ss% nscs nu sb0h cu lcgs d*hs scc /bsn3h% c+cs 0<snc /h *cbus s+ bcs dsn h)h )c ch*c h.s b dss)*c3usc4 s7. S<n unss h < dc sucs s0)c* sncn3s% <nc< )*c snd ch bh c cs*cu0s hn3clc succcsulus s+ sc dch du)+ 0hnsh lb*% 4s nu sn/c*s. <n3clc) ul 4 sc <ns+ c+ nb*dul )*udcn3cs c cb0)b* h*ch du)+ )*slcD. 78'. Ccl "hs "hrc sts#"ht hl unus !"%6 cs c"h dh db/c.s c+"s b0: ccslhl3s <ncc ch.+ h"& 0hs cbnssdc*h ds/sn dsn .suh"n ch*c"& /+d )*chb0cncsc. U4u*+ h ch c ccl 0hs 0h*c cbn *hs hl *c)u h3scs. H4h cu0 b+*bh ul *c.c*/h c sbcb s 0hs 0ul dcc< b0% b h4h ccl u4u*h sc 0hs )u3sn dcc< b0. Nu"s /scsu 0hs dssc*cds hn % 2ssndc+ u4u*+ h ch sc b)unc ds*cc g*h/s +3ss: b0ul u4u*h sc nu )bh c 2s cu 0sc.% 4s 0hs hlcs dhc+"s b+ *<n% c<nd /<*s h"& bblsg+ lh cu0sn3cnsc. s cu bh c c+ s sg0h ul hccs h c hl h < dc 0ul b*h% 2h) ul nu"& b)*c4 c s+ 2sc ncbbs4nus dc dssc*cds h . 7'9. C ! kcrscsrc s *"!sns sts"h cu hkccsunch%6 nu 2s )*ch subs % ch s+"3s )+s *c.s *cs)cc ul. Subs*ch c 0hs c0c*h*+ dcc< u*h?
7'& *n h s c-h"snc0s6 C2. Dssc, @S@: Crst., SS% (% )cn *u )*c2c*sn3h hcb*dh + dc G*hcs1n 4 ssn3clb* 0b*hlc 2h3+ dc cclc nh u*hlc. 7'&7 dup !r!src pcrs!hnclc6 Ck. cC)*cssh )*b/c*bshl+ lh snchsc+... >LbFuc*c u c cbgnbsch0" ;>#b*bc4 c ch s+ c cunbsc"E.
:2: Nhturh pr!prsc...? C2. Dssc., SS: Br., ('% &97% &87. 7'77 "hs "hrc !" dcc*t prsncspc6 Nu sc cunbh4 c su*sh hccs cs h2s*0h3ss h lus Hugus us. Kb*0ulh*ch lus G*hcs1n h* 2s% du)+ Rb0c*h Nh/h**b ;RN"BM% ). BA'E% cbnclu.sh lh ch*c h* 2s )u u hDungc du)+ lcc u*h hu bbsbg*h2scs <0)+*h ulus% Rcs #csthc d" Hu#usts, snclus+ <n Hsst!rsh R!"hnh dc C. #cllcsus Ph c*culus. 7'6& Dcsprc "htursthtc6 C2. Dssc% @#SS: Br., A%B5. Bh llb*s 4s Pc*hl h sus3sn c+ su*sh cch 0hs ds*cc + h hccs us h2b*ss0 b cbns s usc h4h" nu0s clc Rc#uls dc "!dcstsc hlc lus Sgnhcsb dc Lb!blh $M!nu"cnth s#nhtshnh, Rc#ulhc, Rb0h% &'(8. )). B&8"B79E. 7'67...s "!rh urs6 C2. Cscc*b% Dc !rhl!rc, SSS% B'? >Hns0s cs c*h0 b0nss hc sb c s0hgb hns0s /ul us" ;>B*scc 2h) + c <n *"hdc/+* s0hgsnch su2lc ulus% 4s h su2lc ulus% chs)ul"E: 4s Ssr., &'%7A"75? >Dsn /cdc*c sc cunbh4 c b0ul% 4s dsn chs)ul 2c3cs sc cunbh4 c ccl <n3clc) . <0b*+c+0sn ch b0ulus% dc./cls*ch dsn3slb*% c<nd *<dc% 4s c+lc+ u*h lus /cs csc cc cs c <n cl."
347
0b*hl+ )c*sbhnh? c b*nh0cn ul <n.cs *+*slb*% )*bduc<nd /cnc*h3sc. Pb* ul b0ulus cs c 2h3hdh su2lc ulus. Nu cCss + )*bs sc lcn +"n 0s4c+*s% cu0 /*ch u4u*+ h ch% cs b hu b*s h c 2bh* c chl0+: /b*bc4 c <n scn sn3c% hc3sbnch.+ cu *cu4s c. P*csu)unc un b0 dc)lsn% )cn *u c+ h*c b h < ch chls +3s dc )c*sbhn+ c< c dc 0h u*s h c: c<nd <ncc ch.+ h 0hs 2s cb)sl% <ncc)c h 2s g*h/ 4s cu hu b*s h c. 7'(. M!dcrch03s #*ndul%. Kscch*c <4s 2hcc sdcs du)+ )*b)*sul s+u sn c*cs 4s"hbund+"n sus3snc*s hlc )+*c*ss shlc. Lh 0hs b3s% Dudcch h ccdch.+"n 2h3h h2cc ulus. Sc"n <0)l+ s+ sc <n2*un c dbs <n cbn *hdsc b*su% 4s 2scch*c c*cdc c+ *h3sunch c dc )h* ch lus: ch <ns+% 2sdcl+% n"h h/u nscsbdh + dbu+ 2c3c. <n3clc) ul )*bccdc.c cu g*sD+ <n *"b chcs sunc h < dc gsngh4+% 4s hs 2cl <ndbshlh sh /h <nd*c) h chls2sch*ch )*bccdculus cclb*lhl3s: s+ sc )un+ uncb*s 4s"n lbcul cclcslhl c )+*3s? s+ cc*cc c.c 0b s/clc hd/c*sh*ulus. H4h% nscs nu"& /h bs<nds )c cl% nscs nu sc /h Dus s2sch )c ssnc h < dc b*bc4 c. 7'B. Nu hkcrht, cs hcts %. Tbc0hs ccs 0hs )u3sn <nd*c) +3s3s 2hc ccl 0hs 0ul )c h2c*h3ss. Khc 0ss c* dsn bh c <n chs)ul ccl 0hs *+su2lh % ch0clcbns hs h)lhu.clb*7% b2c*snd u u*b* sndsgcs ss dc *<s. Tb dchunh h 2bs su)+*+ bh*c *u2sh: hscs *sdscbl+? u0bl+ cc*4snd ss)*+/s 2u*nscu3clc bnbh*cs. Ccl 0hs )u3sn 2+ )h*hd+ dc c0sncn3clc hlc cclc 0hs 0h*s: 0ul3u0c4 c" c s+ hc3sbnc.s 4s lhs+"s )c ccslhl3s s+ /b*bchsc+. D+*usc4 c ss)*+/slc% nu lc /sndc: nu *cbusc s+ <nchs*sc.s )cnc dc hu* ch s+ sc*sc nb*bs% s)*c sc<*bh cu0sn3cnscs. Hs)s*+ 0hs dcg*hb+ s+ 2ss c*bsc dcc< dbh* s+ )h*s. 2;?. B7!ht cu *n0cstrrs, 4s "rcc%. Cclc 0h*s <s 2hc )c 0h*ss bh0cns: unh ssngu*+ cghlch.+ b <n *chg+ lsb + 0cdsbc*+. Hcclush7 <s )l+cch ch bh c luc*u*slc shlc% )<n+ 4s sculclc dc *<nd% s+ 2sc 0h*s? cu c< 0hs 0ul h*c h sc s *+dus 0h*clc b+*bh ch s+"s 2sc hs 2cl <n.cs *+*slc cugc ulus. <n Du0nc.cu b ul c sn2sns % b ul s0cns: lh
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357
4s dhc+ Kccsbh*h% s)*c h .+0ssls b ssngu*+ dh + Cu/<n ul C c*n% sc )*cg+ c4 c dc"h < ch b*s% u% ch s+"& )*s0c4 s dc"h < ch% chu + s+ 3s"b )*c)h*s )c"hcchs h. PUNCTUL 7 Ch s tc cu"snccs Hccs cs )*cg+ s*s dc"b /sh3+ s"h cb*cs)uns 4s cch h )*slcDulus. Dbh0nh hcchs h c*h sus *hs+ .h*/cs b0cnc4 s% cbnshc*h + cCcluss/ sbcsc +3ss du0nc.csc4 s% h4h<nc< % *c *hs+ dsn lu0c% sn *bdus+ <n cc*% h 2bs nc/dsc ch <ngc*ul% s)*c"h b c+u h% s+ sn *c <n sh hcu"s hscuns 4s s+ bh + lh hsns3h sns0ss shlc: dc *cs b*s h shlu h "b )cn *u ch ch s+ *+s)und+ b dh +% <n *"h < h c*h dc )sc*du + <n ssnch"s% <n *"h < h dc cu2undh + <n cucc*nscsh sh. #+l )cs c 2*u0usc3c <s c*h 0bdcs sh 2ccsb*clnsc+% sh* )*udcn h s2shl+% .sd hl csns cs. Us0s b shlu + <ngc*ul. ulbu*h +"& hscul + M+*sh% ch ch*c 4s s)s*s clb* lc )bh c dh lcc3ss dc nc)*sh+ns*c. S2<n ul Bsnc/cs s b* b <0bsc c+ *c 0h c*ns h ch ds/sn+% sh* ch sc <ng*sDc4 c dc ssgu*hn3h 2ccsb*scs shlc: sc s2sc4 c s+ s)un+ dh cclcs 0hs <nhl c 0+*c3ss 4s hccc) + nu s+ 2sc *cgsn+% cs *bhb+% <n 2scch*c cu/<n h4 c) <nd un )*bdsgsu 4s"n 2scch*c 2h) + b cul0c.
#snb% su2lc c% 4s sh lcc3ss dc /s* u3s% s udsh.+ dcs+/<*4s*s% cb)sh.+ b*sgsnhlul hccs h hdc/+*h hl 0bdulus cu0 s+"& )*s0c4 s )c Du0nc.cul +u: sh sch0h cu c< + u0slsn3+ *cbusc s+ c h)*b)ss% cu c< + /cnc*h3sc s+ c <n2+3s4c.s. Cc subs*c )*c/+.+ bh*cQ Cc c0c*c <nc*c.+ bh*cQ Dhc+ Kccsbh*h% h < dc cb)lc4s + dc dcs+/<*4s*s% sc <ndbsc4 c% dhc+ ch. )lsn+ dc hh*u*s% sc c0c% 4s dhc+ )c ch c nc/bsc s"b <n +*chsc+ hcclh cc c 2b* +*ch3h lus Du0nc.cu% u% h < dc gbl dc /s* u3s% duhnsnd h )+ch c% cu0 bh*c c <ncu0c3s s+"& g+.dusc4 s <n )sc) ul +u )c Du0nc.cul ccl sn2sns 4s s0cnsO Cu0)+nc4 c cc hlc+ us*c /h 2s dc hDuns% cc nc)*sh+ns*c )c 0+su*+Q P*cg+ c4 c"3s% h4hdh*% sns0h% dhc+ nu cu dcs+/<*4s*ch )c ch*c"b dh b*c.s% cu hh*ul )c ch*c"& /cs 2s dbb<ndsnd. PUNCTUL 6 Dc k!l!s dup cu"sncchrc <n )*chcu*h ul Cb* hl Hh*ulus% )c hccs *bn subls0 hl u u*b* /s* u3slb*% ch)+ + *u) Cu/<n ul ccl #c4nsc: hscs sc hb*c/sh.+ 0h*clc Du0nc.cu ch*c nu"nch)c nscs <n Cc*u*slc Cc*u*slb*% sh* cch ch*c c*h )lsn+ dc hh*% *+0hs"h )lsn+ dc c/lh/sc: dc <ndh + cc"& /h 2s *ccunbscu <n )*chcu*h3ss s+s *+*unchs )c Du0nc.cul Ksul
s+u% 2+*+ dbh* 4s )bh c c+ su2lc ul% hsss h dc bh c 2hcul +3slc shlc% s sc /h 2s )*bs c*nh % hdb*<ndu"& 4s <nchsn<ndu"sc cu b ul )*ch0+*s*ss 4s subs*ss lus: sn clcc ul 2hscsnh % cbn c0)l<nd s0cnsh 0+*c3sc *cdus+ lh s *10 bh*ch unus *u)u4b*: /bsn3h% <n2l+c+*<ndu"sc dc subs*ch ncs2<*4s cs bun+ +3s cb0unsch c: 0c0b*sh% *cch)s ul<ndu"s nccbn cns 0slbs cnsslc: s0hgsnh3sh% *c)*c.cn <ndu"& u0hn 4s sh/u*<ndu"& ds/sn: cclclhl c ss03u*s cC c*sbh*c% sus *+g<ndu"sc h2cc3sunss )cn *u <ndclc nscs*slc s *+snc% sc /b* 2s cu2undh )h*c+ <n Du0nc.cul hcu0 scnssbsl: bchss sslsndu"sc s+"& /hd+% u*cchslc <ncc*c<nd s+"& hscul c% b*h3clc cu)*sn.<ndu"& 4s bu.clc )ccc lu"sndu"& <n gsngh4h"s <nb0cns*c. <n *u hcchs + s0s h*c s+"3s 2sc s *+dhnsh% b% su2lc c hl 0cu% du)+ cc c"hs cu0sncch % c<nd <l hs <n )sc) ul +u% <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h % )c <nsu4s Du0nc.cul 4s Db0nul: hls)c4 c" c lus% hDu +"& cu g*sDs dc )*ch0+*s*c% hdunc"3s"sc lh un lbc bh c )u c*slc ch s+"& sluDchsc+ 4s bh c 2hcul +3slc ch s+"& hdb*c. C<4 sg+"s <n 2sc*bsn c cbn c0)lh*c )*chdulcslc cbn/b*bs*s% )*chdulcslc hlsn u*s )c ch*c lc *c)c h Kccsbh*h cu Du0nc.cul s+u Ksu <nchss <n *"<nsh. PUNCTUL ( Ch ss "ulu"c4ts Dbh0nh hcchs h h <n+l3h c<n ccc dc 0ul3u0s*c lus Du0nc.cu )c 0hlul nbshnulus dc 0slbs cnss cu 0hs 0ul + 0+*c3sc dcc< cchlhl + M+*sc% sb*h lus Mbssc% lh 3+*0ul M+*ss Rb4ss. #h 2s <ncc)u nu0hsdcc< s+"4s /+dchsc+ 0snunslc% c+cs ccch cc s"h )*cscu* h )<n ccclc s"h 0+*s cugc ul. Pb2 c4 c bh c gcnc*h3sslc s+ b hDu c s+ hduc+ 0ul3u0s*s uns/c*shlclb* 0slbs cnss% s+ )*ch0+*chsc+ nu0clc ccl s2<n hl Db0nulus. Pu*ccdc h)bs s+ /c4nscchsc+ dsn nch0 <n nch0u*s bsnccu/<n +*slc du0nc.csc4 s% cu lhudc *ccunbsc+ bh*c% sh* h)bs% <n b*c<ndu"sc <n s0)% )cn *u ch b3s ccs du4s% )*c.cn3ss 4s /ss b*ss s+"& )*ch0+*chsc+ )c Db0nul% <l *c.c4 c )c H/*hh0 4s s+0<n3h lus% ch s+ *ccunbhsc+ 4s s+ sl+/chsc+ 0h*clc cu/<n hl lus Du0nc.cu% <0)lsns dc <ndh + cc s"h <n *u)h : h4h 0ul3u0c4 c Mhsch Kccsbh*+ )cn *u c+ &"h .+0ssls )c Du0nc.cul ccl nc0+*gsns . R+sun<nd% h4hdh*% dc c<n ccc h<< dc *ccunbsc+ bh*c% nu *+0<nc 0u % su2lc c hl 0cu% 4s% dcbh*ccc l"hs )*s0s )c Du0nc.cu <nsu4s% h)lhud+ cu glhs dc cCul h*c 4s cChl h*c% cu0 *cbusc s+ sc 2hc+ hu.s3s hsc0cnch bhs)c3s: 2blbschsc+"sc gu*h 4s ls0bh <ndulcs c cu b h*hn+ h2< dc s2<n + <n *u dulcslc"s lhudc. C<n +"s h.s Db0nulus c<n h*c nbu+ )cn *u h < dc nbs hh <*u*s% 4s <n *cgchsch sh )*c.cn3+ b l+un *ul +u s+ sc cbnshc*c s +*us b* )*ch0+*s*ss shlc% <n b3s /ccss /ccslb*. H0sn.

PUNCTUL & Cugc + lh ncs+bus ul Rsss)s b*% c+.u dsn cch 0hs 0h*c 2c*scs*c <n cch 0hs 0h*c nc2c*scs*c% ch s+ lc ss0 + 4s 0hs 0ul cC *c0clc? dsn chsh h +lus s+u <n sluDbh unus s*hn% b)lb4s <n *"b cbcsbhb+ 0s.c*+% s2<*4s dc 2bh0c% <ncbl3s dc gblscsunc% chsnus dc *ss c3c% )s.0usndu"lc h*hnh Dbsnsc+ cclb* 0hs nccu*h c hns0hlc% 2+*+ h"s 2s <ng+dus + nscs 0+ch* ch. <4s h0sn c4 c h uncs dc 0hsh <0bcl4ugh + h )+*sn clus s+u 4s% 0s4ch % dc )<snch cch gus bhs+ ch*c )<h+ 4s h*gh3slb* lc )*ssbsc4 c. #+.<ndu"sc 2l+0<nd dc ch% sc sh u*+ cu lhc*s0s% <ncc)u hl lccus*ss lus% dcbh*ccc clc 2hc s+"s *c<n/c*.chsc+ n+dcDdslc: <nc*c.+ b* <n d*hgbs ch )+*sn chsc+% nscsbdh + s0uls+ dsn *+d+csn+% sc dccsdc s+ sc <n bh*c+ hcblb 4s s+ sn *c )c )b*3slc )u*u*ch dcschssc hlc cc*ulus cs. P*s/c4 c" c ch )c hl Rsss)s b*% bh chsh* 0hs ncnb*bcs % dc /*c0c cc% )+*+ssndu"3s chsh Db0nulus 4s 0hsh )+*sn clus +u% nc2c*scs*ch h c"h <0)sns s+ *bbc4 s )b2 clb* hlc% s*hns hs)*s 4s c*u.s. Cu0)+nc4 c c< dc )u3sn 0ul3u0csc dcs2+ +*slc% c< dc )u3sn sh u*+ dc4c* +csunslc% dc4s 0ul u02l+. Pl<ngc"3s ncnb*bcul dc h"3s 2s schs0bh hh <*u*slc 2sulus lus Du0nc.cu )c dss)*c3u*slc unus sclh/ hl
Sh hncs. Scbh c dc hscs b hdc/+*h + dc.h0+gs*c% dss)*c3usnd b cc c lu0c% )*c3usnd b cc c Cc*% 4s% cu hb +*1*c /s ch.+% <n bh*"cc" c 0hs dcg*hb+ h.s dcc< 0<snc lh chsh Du0nc.culus +u 4s lh 0hsh bunulus +u P+*sn c. PUNCTUL 7 Hb +*< s+ sc <n bh*c+ <n ccn *ul )+*sn csc% 2sul dc.h0+gs sc )*cg+ c4 c cu du*c*c s+ sc h)*b)sc dc 0<ng<sc*c. <4s /snc 0hs <n <s <n 2s*c% c+cs )<n+ 4s dc ssnc <nsu4s <n *"h < h sc <ns *+snhsc. <ncc)c
)*sn h"4s *ccunbh4 c Dbsnscsh <n 2h3h cclcs 0hs <nhl c 0+*c3ss 4s sc <0b*hc+ <n *"b <nc*cdc*c nchb+ u +% c+cs% chsh* dhc+ cl c 2su *+u% h*c h + bun 4s% hDu b*h dc *u4snh*ch du*c*bhs+% sc h)*b)sc% 0+* u*sssndu"4s sl+bscsunch 4s nc4 ssn3h: <ncc)c cu hcch /b*b+ dusbhs+? >Th +": u*0ch.+? >H0 )+c+ us <0)b *s/h Cc*ulus 4s <0)b *s/h h." Cc su c"& hudc )+*sn clc 0slbs cnsslb* 4s sh*c s+"& <n <0)snc% 0hs dcg*hb+ <n *+*unchss dcc< <n b*h3clc shlcQ Nu sc sc<*bc4 c c+ c .d*cn3+*bs% nscs nu"& 0us *+ c+ h g*c4s : <l hscundc% dh% <n b*h3clc shlc% )cn *u ch nscs slugslc s+ nu"s 2sc *+bbDu*s hlc ncnb*bcs*ss: 4s% cu bh c c+ nc/bsh dc 0<nch*c c*h cch 0hs g*bh.nsc+% sc <ng*sDc4 c dc cu/ssn3+ 4s )b*uncc4 c s+ s sc hduc+ s *hsc nbs d*c) sc0n dc /sh3+ nbu+: <s )b *s/c4 c snclul dc hu* <n dcgc % ch *cs s us*c h nbblc3cs shlc <n snh c% 4s% du)+ cc"& /cdc c+ nu sc dc.scc ch 2su hl s+u% <l )unc lh 0hsh lus 4s% <0b*+ch dc s+*b+ bh*c% <l bs)c3c4 c. Cu0)+nc4 c u hcu0h% cu cc hb +*<*c h* *cbus s+ c *sdscs dsn )*+)hs sh dc sc+lb4ss <n ch*c c"hu <ncch /snslc: cc *cbusc s+ 2hcs% cu hdc/+*h + s0c*cnsc% ch s+ u*cs lh chsh 0h*clus +u P+*sn c% cu cc )bdbhb+ c4 s dh b* s+ c h4c.s lh 0hsh <ngc*slb*% 2+*+ h 0hs <*< du)+ snc 2sh*clc )+ch clb* hlc% dc.lcgh dc clc% dh% )*sn *"b bun+ s)b/cdhnsc: <0b*+ch <n s *hsul )*c3sbs 4s s+*b+ b*csc hl hh*ulus% cu snclul subs*ss cclcs nbbslc <n dcgc 4s cu bbgh clc gsu/hsc*c hlc /s* u3slb*% chu + s+ bb3ss h < dc s2sn clc hh <*u*s. PUNCTUL 6 Du)+ cc"& /cdc <ng*sDs % 0h*clc h + hl 0slbs cnsslb* bsnc/bsc4 c h"& h4c.h lh 0hsh lus 4s% ch s+"s )b blchsc+ 2bh0ch cch 0h*c% )b*uncc4 c s+ 2sc <nDunghsh ccl 0hs h*+ bs /s3clu4 dsn cs*c.slc shlc 4s% h4h <n *cg% 2*s) lh 2bcul d*hgbs cs% s+"s 2sc )us <nhsn c. H )*sns s+ bs)+ c.c cu b h < h )l+cc*c c< + )b2 + ss03ch? 0<nch*ch c*h gus bhs+% nc/bsh dc ch 0h*c. Cu c< + )l+cc*c /h 2s 0<nch Q B% cu0 <4s /h 0hs 2s lsns dcgc clcQ Bunu"s )+*sn c <l /h 2s )*s/s 4s /h 2s s)us? >L+sh3s"& s+ 0+n<ncc% c+cs ccch cc )lhcc h*+nc4 c bsnc: 0hs +sh3s"s% u0)lc3s"s hlc*ul% s+ 0+n<ncc du)+ )b2 h sns0ss 4s s+"s 2sc dc bsnc." #h 2s cunbscu hcu0% <n *"hdc/+*% dcbscbs*ch dsn *c b 0hs+ 4s hl h% dsn *c un 2cl dc 0<nch*c 4s hl ul% sh* du)+ cc"h hDuns h cc*4s cch 0hs Dbsnsc+ h*hn+ h )b*cslb*% cu0 /h 2s )*c3us hcu0 bs)+3ul ccl nbbsl hl <ngc*slb*Q C+cs dhc+ b )sc+ u*+ dc h)+ dc lh 0hsh hcchs h c dc hDuns ch s+ <ndulcchsc+ )<n+ 4s shdul% cc s+ s)us dc bh + )<snch hccch h b h*+ns bh*cO Cu0)+nc4 c u cu c< <3s c 0hs 0h*c 2c*scs*ch% c+cs cu c< <3s cs c 0hsh 0hs s *+lucs +% c<nd% <n lbcul /s3clulus sh/u*bs% <l 0+n<ncs )c <nsu4s Ksul #c4nsculus P+*sn c <0)+* +4s : <n c3c4 c c*cdsn3h 4s s <*ns"/cs 2bh0ch: 0+n<nc+"& cu )l+cc*c 4s"3s /h )*ss: du0sc+"& bsnc 4s"3s /h 2s 0hs gus bs: sh sch0h )*sn cbn c0)lh3sc lh ccch cc 0+n<ncs 4s /cs dbb<nds /sh3+ /c4nsc+. PUNCTUL ( . Pc"h < dc *ccunbsc+ b* /h 2s *+0hs *sss)s b*ul 2h3+ dc h +l s+u% )c c< dc bsnc )*s0s : )c"h < dc )*c3us b* hl 0h*clus bsnc% )c c< dc dc.h0+gs . Cc hb +*<*s /h 2s *bs s % )c c< dc )+ *un.+ bh*c% )c"h < dc hdc/+*h c% dc h nu" 4s 0hs )sc*dc /*cbdh + nscs chsh% nscs 0hsh% 4s"n bsul dcs2+ +*ss cc g*bh.+ /h 2s ss03s lh g<ndul s +*ss sc+lbhsc <n ch*c sc /+.uscQ Cu0 /h 2s luh sch0h s+ nu"& 0hs su)c*c cu ns0sch% h < dsn d*hgbs c 2slshl+% c< 4s dsn <n/+3 dc nc2c*scs Q Sc /h 2s bucu*h cu b3s hs chscs% dc lh 2h/b*s )<n+ lh ss0b*sh4. Cu0 /h 0hs 2s cu0)+ns hh <*ul )+*sn csc 4s cu0 /h 2s )*bsl+/s bs)+3ulQ Cu c< 0hs 0h*s 0ul3u0s*s *cbusc s+ hducs u du)+ cc c"hs cu0sncch % hcu0h% c<nd c /c.s h < dc *+s2+3h Q Kss <n 2c*/bh*c du)+ 2h/bh*c% *sdsc+"3s bchss dc lh 0hs+ lh Cc* 4s *ccc"3s gu*h dc lh sh/u*h*ch lus Du0nc.cu lh s2sn clc"s bshnhlc.

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C2. Luch, 5% 7"&9% 4s Mhtcs, 8% 8 4s u*0.
6A7 CUMSNCCTBRUL
)cn *u C*ch b*O s"h dh sch0h c< dc )u3sn )*c3uscsc 0sDlbhcclc b0cnc4 s 2+*+ cclc ds/snc &(% 4s ch h h*c lc s0)lb*+ )c hccs ch cu )*c3us*c 4s dc.h0+gs*c: nu"4s <nc*cdsn3ch.+ s *+dhnsh nc)+s+*ss hl cs slugs 4s nscs
cbn/b*bs*ch cu Du0nc.cu nu b lhs+"n sh*csnh hl us 0sDlbcs b*. Cu0)+nc4 c c+ h.s )b*nc4 s u <nsu3s <n c+u h*ch hcclush4s Db0n% dh* nu ch s+ cc*s <ns+n+ b4s*ch uncs slugs% cs )c"hccch h su2lc ulus +u: lus Ssus <nsu4s *cbusc s+"s /b*bc4 s: <nh*0ch.+" c% h4hdh*% cu /s* u3s ch s+ cucc*c4 s ds/snclc"s 0slbs cnss 4s h)*b)sc" c cu s0c*cnsc ch s+ c )*bs c*nc.s <nhsn ch )*c.cn3cs shlc du0nc.csc4 s: )*cg+ c4 c"3s b 0h*c <n2l+c+*h*c h cugc ulus% b d*hgbs c 2sc*bsn c 4s"b hh*nsch s<*gusn3+. PUNCTUL 7 Su h4ul sc h)*b)sc 0slbs s/ 4s Db0nul <l )*s0c4 c h bh cbsnc"/bs b*: c ssgu* c+ h*c <n 0<n+ )u c*ch 4s 2bh* c lh <ndc0<n+ /bsn3h dc h"& lccus. >Dbh0nc% .scc cl% h0 hchs+ b slug+% sl+b+nbhg+% h < dc nc)u sncsbhs+% <nc< nu s" h 2bs cu )u sn3+ s+ /sn+ hscs cu *u)ul% cs dbh* cu ss03s*ch." S"h *+s)uns Db0nul? >Dhc+ cl nu )bh c /cns% 0+ /bs ducc Cu hcblb s+"& /sndcc." Sh sch0h lh ncs2<*4s h bun+ h c h M<n us b*ulus. Nu nu0hs c+"& hscul +% dh* bsnc/bsc4 c s+ sc 4s duc+ lh cl hchs+ s)*c"h b /sndcch )c slug+: *+s)l+ c4 c b 0h*c d*hgbs c cu hl h 4s 0hs 0h*c% ncsu2c*snd ch <n *"hcchs h s+ 2sc <n/sns dc csnc/h. s u )*scc)c c+% h*+ <ndu"3s db*sn3h dc Db0nul% Cl <nsu4s sc /h <ndc0nh s+ sn *c )c )bh* h )sc) ulus +u: l+*gc4 c"3s s<nu*slc su2lc ulus )cn *u hh <*u*slc d*c) cs shlc: dcschsdc gu*h 0h*c ch s+ 3s"b u0)lc cu b h*hn+ h < dc hlchs+. Pb *s/chsc+"sc )*c3us*ch h du)+ bun+ h ch cch 2+*+ dc 0h*gsns: <n c3c4 c"3s db*sn3h ch Db0nul s+ /sn+ lh snc% s+ sn *c <n )sc) ul +u 4s s+"3s <ns+n+ b4chsc+ su2lc ul. PUNCTUL 6 Us0s dc"h < h b0cnsc du0nc.cshsc+% hsc0usndu"4s ns0scul cu ncs2<*4s h 0+*c3sc% ulus 4s chsh* ulbu*h % Su h4ul cCclh0+? >Dbh0nc% nu s<n /*cdnsc s+ sn *s <n lbcusn3h 0ch s+*0hn+. Tu%
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C2. B*.% 7B&.
MCDSTHSH 6 6A6
364 CUMSNCCTBRUL

PUNCTUL & lh h0sn c lh 2c0csh chnhncchnc+% <4s lhs+ chs+ 4s )h *sc% <nlcsns*s 4s )+ch c% 4s )b*nc4 c% )c c< dc <ndu*c*h +% )c"h < dc s<*gusncsbhs+% h cc*c 0slus*c dc lh <nsu4s s./b*ul hccs csh: s s"hu <n0ul3s 0uncslc 4s hs 2cl s"h s)b*s 4s s *+dhnsh. Hu hDuns )<n+ lh d<nsh ccbu*slc 2h) clb* 0snunh c hlc lus C*ss bs% 4s ch n"h *+0hs su*d+ lh clc: <n cls)+ h /cns s *sg<nd cu s<*g? 0+*ch3+ s h*c su2lc chsc+ s)*c"h sc <n2+3s4h unus Db0n h < dc db*nsc s+ <0)+* +4chsc+ 0<ng<sc*ch 4s lchcul. Cu0)+nc4 c cu0 /snc 2c0csh chnhncchnc+ s0)lb*<nd 0slbs cnsc% )c c<nd u c4 s <0bsh cu ch: )c snc% ch s+ g+sc4 s bh + )<snch Cc*ulus% nu c cbs + h < h c< )c d<nsh b 2u*ns u*+: nu *cbusc s+ )lccs nscs dsn *cgh ul% nscs dsn bh4 sn+ h% nu *cbusc s+ 0c*gs lh ch)+ ul lu0ss ch s+ c <0)+* +4c4 s% dcbh*ccc <n 2scch*c bssc*sc+ <l hs )c Db0nul ccl <0)+* +4s % ch*c c )b2 c4 c. P*c3usc4 c b 2c*scs*c h < dc 0h*c 4s dc lh"ndc0<n+ 4s sslc4 c" c s+ sc4s dsn snc <nsu3s% dsn h0b*ul +u )*b)*su% dsn scb)u*slc g*c4s c hlc uncs sn cn3ss s *<0bc% )cn *u ch bsnclc hccs h
du0nc.cscsc s+"3s sn *c nc)b scns <n )sc) : /snb cu b 0h*c )b*ns*c dc c*cdsn3+ c*bsc+% n+dcDdc ncsl+bs +% *ug+csunc s +*us bh*c 4s s<*gusn3+ <n2l+c+*h +. PUNCTUL 7 Chnhncchnc+ s +*usc <n *ug+0sn c 4s Db0nul sc )*c2hcc c+ n"b hudc% bc0hs c<nd <s d+ 0hs 0ul + h cn3sc: <4s <n *c*u)c 0slbs cnsslc% )cn *u ch d<nsh s+"4s 2hc+ 4s 0hs cunbscu c 4s s+"4s *c)c c chsnu*slc% c+cs )cn *u cl c 0u.sc+ sbnb*+ ccch cc h)bs blslb* lc cs c su)+*h*c. Cu0)+nc4 c c< c dc s0)b* hn s+ nu c dcscu*hDc.s <n cCc*cs3sslc dc /s* u c 4s% chsh* dhc+ sluDs b*ul lus Du0nc.cu sc su)+*+ uncb*s 4s hl3ss 0u*0u*+ <0)b *s/h h c+ 0c*gs dcs lh s)b/cdhnss 4s cu0sncc+*s% u s+ nu" 3s )sc*.s cu*hDul 4s s+ nu dhs <nd+*+ : s +*usc
&B
ch Hnh% dc4s dc.h)*bbh + dc Cls&A% c+cs Db0nul nu bs cnc4 c 4s nu sc su)+*+% sh* *ugslc 4s lc sh d*c) dcs2+ +*s 4s d*c) bdshn+ 4cdc*ch <n )sc) ul cclus cc sc cu0sncc+: sh )sld+ dc )c*sc/c*cn3+ dc lh hcchs + 2c0csc <n2l+c+*h +% ch s+ nu c sn s0sdc.s cu ls)sc dc cu*hD% 4s"3s /cs <ncununh 2h) clc. PUNCTUL 6 Db0nul cbn snu+ h"s )unc lh <ncc*ch*c /s* u ch <n c*cu.c ul dc )*bb+% )cn *u ch hu*ul c*cdsn3cs s+ s sc l+0u*chsc+ 0hs s *+lucs b*% *+bdh*ch s+"s *bnc.c 4s s0c*cnsh s+ s sc *clsc2c.c 4s 0hs 0ul : sh* c<nd <s )lhcc s"b hsb+ <n .h)*b)sc*ch sh% h uncs .scc? %%Du" c% c+ nu cs c bsnc s+ h*uncs c<snslb* )<snch cb)sslb*." B*scsnc s"h* dcscu*hDh <n 2h3h unb* h h*c sc0nc dc ds.g*h3sc% dh* 2c0csh chnhncchnc+ c h < dc dc)h* c dc h sc ss03s b2cnsh +. <nc< sc u0slc4 c 4s 0hs /<* bs: hs)*s0slc lus Du0nc.cu n"b s)c*sc )c cch ch*c 4 sc cc"nsch0n+ bh Dbcu*slc dsh/blulus? nu ss0 c dss)*c3u*slc% ch% ch*c"4s cunbh4 c g*c4clslc% <n bh*cc /b*bh% 4s nu dbh* bh0cnslb*% cs 4s lus Du0nc.cu. >Dh% Dbh0nc% .scc ch% dh* 2s*0s u*slc ch*c chd dc lh 0hsh s +)<nslb* s<n ss0b*sslc c+3cslb*: cu unh 0+ 4 su <ns+ c+ s<n <nhsn ch Th% h4h cu0 s)unch S2<n ul *cgc &5% Ds/sn+ 0hs nc2blbss bh*c dcc< un c+3cl% dh* 0hs 4 su c+ Tu c4 s bunul 0cu s +)<n 4s c+% dc /*c0c cc h*+nc4 s )+s+*slc dsn /+.duh% nu 0+ /cs l+sh bc0hs )c 0snc s+ )sc*." Cu0)+nc4 c cCcc)3sbnhlh s0c*cnsc h hccs cs 2c0cs% nb ch.+ lchls h ch c*cdsn3cs shlc% 2sdcls h ch <nc*cdc*ss% gsng+4sh d*hgbs cs shlc% 4s dhc+ ch sc 0ul3u0c4 c cu b 2s*0s u*+ 4s sbcb c4 c c+ nb*bcul <s )*ssbsc4 c% u% ch*c nu dbb<ndc4 s dbh* b 2s*0s u*+% cs )*s0c4 s bh + )<snch Cc*ulus% u cu h < 0hs 0ul *cbusc s+"s )*c3usc4 s sbh* h 4s s+ hs )h* c dc chQ <n/h3+ hscs s0c*cnsh 4s cCc*cs "b <n s0c*s*s: scbh c )*c3us*c dsn hh <*ul 4s hdb*h*c dsn 0+*c3sh Db0nulus% )c ch*c"& )*s0c4 s. PUNCTUL ( Hu.snd h < ch db/c.s dc h2cc3sunc% Db0nul cCclh0+? >B% 2c0csc% 0h*c cs c c*cdsn3h h% 0h*c s+"3s 2sc 2c*scs*ch: <3s hcb*d cclc cc*u c% 2ssndc+ b 0c*s3s." Db0nul s"h h*+ h h < dc us0s )cn *u ch 4s nbs s+ nc us0s0 4s s+"& s0s +0.
&A &5
6AA
CUMSNCCTBRUL
PUNCTUL & #cs 0cds h hsu)*h 0snunh cs *<nduscls cc h )*c0c*s lh hccl )b)b* )*s0s*ch h*hncs 0s*hculbhsc. Plchc+ dsn Cgs) 4s dsn <n unccs0slc hccs ush <n c+u h*ch lu0snss% du)+ /cdcnsh )+css: *cc b 0h*c% gcnunc dc nc2c*scs*s% l+s<ndu"s <ncch3s )c /*+D0h4ss lb* dc 0bh* c: u0bl+ )*sn *"b )us sc% 2+*+ s+ cb0unscc cu lu0ch% <n *c3sn<ndu"sc nu0hs cu Du0nc.cu: bchu h)clc 0hncs% <0bs"n<nd *ug+csunch cu ch.nh: lc ls)sc4 c 0<nch*ch )+0<n chn+ ch s" b Dsndushsc+ )c cch h Cc*ulus% c+cs c nc/bsc dc bh + hcchs + 0h*c )*cg+ s*c 4s s+ *+sc4 s /sh3h <ngc*slb* ch s+ 0+n<ncs dsn )<snch lb*.
Cu0)+nc4 c u hcu0% dhc+ nu0hs )cn *u ss0bblul% )cn *u b u0b*+ h hccs us hls0cn h )*c0c*s h < h *<ndushl+% dc c< + bh*c /h 2s nc/bsc s)*c h s.bu s s+ 0+n<ncs )<snch su)*hsubs hn3shl+% T*u)ul 4s S<ngclc Db0nulus% ch )c un hls0cn hdc/+*h % sh* nu ss0bblsc: cu0 /h *cbus s+ sc4s dsn *bbsh )+ch ulus% c< dc dc)h* c *cbusc s+ 2ss dc sgnb*hn3h <n unccs0slb* lus: cu0 *cbusc s+ <ngc0+nc.s """"""""""
&8
MCDSTHSH B 6A5
*ug+csunch cu ch.nh: cc h)*b)sc*c dc Du0nc.cu% cc *c *hgc*c dsn *c bh0cns% cc hb3snc*c dc lh 0<nc+*u*slc s)u*ch c )cn *u h dbb<nds 0hnh cch hdc/+*h +Q PUNCTUL 7 <n *uc< hu 2bs h < dc bsnc )*cg+ s3s% hu 0c*s h s+ 2sc 0<ng<sh3s dc c+ *c Db0nul. Lc *s0s c hcch 0<nch*c hlchs+% dc ch*c *+0<n us0s3s 4s s+ us: nu lc *s0s c h*hn+ dc )c )+0<n % cs dsn Cc*% ch s+ *+shsc+ /sh3h dc hcblb: nu h*c gus ul unus ssngu* 2cl dc 0<nch*c% cs hl u u*b*h% gus ul )c ch*c 4s"& db*c4 c 2scch*c% ch s+"4s dch sch0h c+ b bsnclc cc 4s"& )b db*s <l /b* g+ss <ncs2*h hcblb% 4s hs 2cl% ulus3s% .scchu? >Cc 0<nch*c ncbbs4nus + cs c hcchs h% /cns + dsn Cc*% *s0ss+ dc 0<nh lus Du0nc.cuO" Cu c< 0hs 0ul c0cs )b3s s)unc u hs +.s? >Cc h*hn+ )*c3sbhs+ c hcchs hO" C*cdsn3h <3s *+s)undc% .sc<nd? >Hccs h c un Cu/<n 2+cu T*u)% 4s hccs h un T*u) 2+cu dc un Cu/<n . Hcchs h c )<snch <ngc*slb* dh + bh0cnslb* s+ b 0+n<ncc: hcchs h c )<snch ch*c 2hcc dcs2+ h*ch *cgslb*: hcchs h c 0hnh cch hdc/+*h + ch*c d+ /sh3+ 4s% <n *"un cu/<n % hs h <nsch0n+ c+ b0ul <l 0+n<nc+ )c Du0nc.cul s+u% ch*c% bun+ h c sn2sns + 2ssnd% <nchsdc"n ssnc bh c gus u*slc c< c s<n : gus "b% /c.s cc dulcc cs c 4s cu0 hducc cu gus ul u u*b* /s* u3slb* 4s hh*u*slb*." PUNCTUL 6 Pcn *u b 0<nch*c h < dc 0ss c*sbhs+% c nc/bsc dc <0)*cDu*+*s 0ss c*sbhsc? sc4chu s+ b hdunc <n .b*s% lh cchsul /s*gsnhl% ch )*s0+ g*sD+ h .slcs: *cbusc s+ c scbls dss"dc"ds0snch3+% s+ c cbs c bun+/bsn3+ 4s *c.sc% <nhsn c s+ *+sh*+ sbh*clc% dcbh*ccc% h < dc dclsch + 4s )u*+ cu0 c% sc b)c4 c lh b*scc 2sc*bsn3chl+ h lu0ss. Kscch*c s+ culchg+ h < h c< <s hDungc% dcbh*ccc nu <ng+dusc hh sc*s b0cnc4 s% nu )bh c 2s )+s *h + )cn *u h dbu+ .s% 2ssndc+ /*ch s+ 2sc )<snc )*bhs)+ + 4s dc bh c .slclc% ch db/hd+ h 2*cc/cn3cs shlc. Sc )*c2hcc su c <n /sc*0s% dc/b*h b*s hs cbn4 ssn3cs /snb/h c. Cu0)+nc4 c cc <0)*cDu*+*s ncs)us dc cChc c 4s dc 0ss c*sbhsc )*c sndc hcchs + Mhn+ <0)+* +4s +. Hs h s+"3s 2sc )*s0h 3sn +% s+ nu c hbh3s c+ *c hl + <ndclc nscs*c% s+ nu )*cgc3s h b c+u h% c+ /cs *+0<nc dc4c* : sh"b <n cu*+3sc% )cn *u ch nu cu0/h% <n lbc dc h"3s dh /sh3+% s+"3s .+0sslchsc+ /sc*0ss 0b*3ss.
6A8 CUMSNCCTBRUL

scund dc cugc )*ccu0 c*h Zhhcu dc s h u*+% *sdsc+" c dchsu)*h h <nsu3s% u*c+" c <n cb)hcul cbn c0)l+*ss c/lh/sbhsc b*s <n ccl hl c*ucss uncs ch.nc dcs+/<*4s c% <n*+d+csnh )*sn c*cdsn3h cch /sc% /c*dc )*sn n+dcDdc% <nc+*ch dc 2*uc c hlc d*hgbs cs 4s cu bchss cugc ulus chu + s+"& /c.s% *bhg+" c s+"& cbn c0)ls.
PUNCTUL 7 Zhhcu c /cdch% Dbh0nc% <n *u dc)lsnh"s 0ul3u0s*c% dsn cb)hc% cu b h < h bucu*sc c< +"s 2uscsc db*sn3h: sc )*c2+cch <n bchs ch s+ c /hd+% 4s Tu <n sns0s ch s+ 2ss /+.u : sc bucu*h dc )*c.cn3h h du0nc.cshsc+% *+sh <n su2lc ul s+u u*0+*s 0s*hculbhsc% sh* c<nd hs hDuns s+ s c hl+ u*s% l"hs )*s/s )c ccl cc c )*s/ch% 3s"hs <n+l3h bchss ds/sns% ch*c% )*s/s3s shu )*s/snd% hu 2bs )u*u*ch bsnc2+c+ b*s. #b*bh 3s s"h dus du)+ cs% 4s chsh* h2cc ul% 4s% nu0sndu"& )c nu0clc lus% ch s+ )*scch)+ c+"s hcb*.s h cn3sc 4s c+ s)*c cl sc <nd*u0+ un h < dc 0h*c hh <*? >Zhhcc% <s s)us% cbbbh"*+" c dcg*hb+% c+cs hs +.s /*chu s+ )*s0csc g+.dus*c c< 0hs shns + <n chsh h." B% cc us0s*c bucu*bhs+ /h 2s *+s)uns uncs 2c*scs*s h < dc ncg<nds cQ B% c< dc 0ul <nsch0n+ s +*usn3clc b0ulus c+ *c Db0nul% dc /*c0c cc unul ch*c <nhsn c /*c0c sbcb ch d*c) b 0h*c 2c*scs*c s+ )bh + hDungc h c /cdch dc dc)h* c% cbbbh*+ hcu0h dsn cb)hc% sc h)*b)sc hcu0h dc snc% /snc l<ng+ snc 4s sc h4h.+ lh 0hs+ cu TsncQ M+ s0hgsnc. u*ch <n cb)hcul cbn c0)l+*ss% *ch.c0 hl 0scs0ss 0clc% db*s b* s+"& /+d 4s s+"& cunbsc )c Db0nul% ch*c% s *sg<ndu"0+ )c nu0c% <0s s)unc? >Zsc 3sc% cbbbh*+" c% /snb Dbs% h)*b)sc" c dc 0snc% ccl <0)+* +4s % /snb s+ c cu0snccs% c+cs hs +.s c dc 0h*c <nsc0n+ h c )cn *u 0snc s+ h2lu g+.dus*c <n )sc) ul +u." Zscc hs +.s% dccs n"b l+sh )c 0<snc. Csnc 4 sc dc /cs 0hs h/ch s0)O s dhc+ Db0nul s)unc c+ h*c <nsc0n+ h c )cn *u 0slbs cnsh sh% cu h < 0hs 0ul )cn *u sc+lb4sh 0ch. D+ 2ugh% b% su2lc c hl 0cu% s+"& )*s0c4 s cu g*hb+ <n2l+c+*h +% hs 2cl <nc< s+ nu sc hd*csc.c unush su*d dc nc4 ssn3+% unush lcnc4 dc nc*ccunb4 sn3h. PUNCTUL 6 Cu c< + )*b0) s udsnc /h 2s hscul h ZhhcuQ <n )*s0ul *<nd /h 2s <ngcnunchch 4s hdb*h )scsbh*clc cc bsnc/bshu s+"s chlcc )*hgul chscs: /h 2s /bs ch hcchs h% cu un hsc0cnch )*slcD% s+"s 2sc )hlh
370 CUMSNCCTBRUL
0+*c3% /*cdnsc s+ g+.dushsc+ )c un bhs)c c h < dc 0h*c. Cu0 <s /h.0hs 2s )us <nhsn c b cc h/ch% h4 c*n<ndu"s b ul lh )scsbh*c ch unush ch*c lh 2cl <4s <0)+*3ch b ul <n 0<snslc s+*hcslb*. >Ju0+ h c% .scc cl% dsn h/c*ch 0ch% Dbh0nc% b dhu dc )b0hn+"% 4s 2+*+"ndb"shl+ dc hscs s s"h n+scu 2c*scs*ch% 2ssndc+ dc lh g+.dus*ch s+*hculus *ccs lh )*s0s*ch Db0nulus: dc lh h*+ns*ch cc*4c b*ulus hDungs s+" & 0+n<ncs )c Du0nc.cu. C<nd sc /h 2s /+.u <ns+ h4c.h lh 0hs+ cu Db0nul% ls)s dc Hcclh )c ch*c nscs s+"& /hd+ dc lh dss hn3+ nu s sc <ng+dussc% cc bucu*sc <s /h 2s <ncc*ch su2lc ulQ Nu"4s /h 2s <nc+)u <n ssnc dc 0ul3u0s*c% /+.<nd c+ <n chsh lus <nch)c Du0nc.cu ccl nc0+*gsns . Cu0)+nc4 c u% c<nd c /c.s h4c.h lh 0hsh hl h*ulus% 0ul 0hs h)*b)sh dc C*ss bs% c+cs nu dbh* c h4c.s l<ng+ cl% cs"& ss03s chsh* <n l+un *ul )sc) ulus +u% )+.s <n s<nul +u. Cc 0h*c <3s /h 2s 2ssnd 0ul3u0s*chQ Pc lu0c n"h* 0hs 2s hl h hsc0cnch cs )cn *u snc: )*c3us*ch *+s)undc hh <*ulus% 4s"n snc sc *c.c4 c b nccu*0h + db*sn3+ dc h"& *cdbb<nds% cb0)cns<ndu"3s 0<hns*ch dc"h 2s )sc*du <n *ccu h < ch Cb0unsuns cu dchsh lb* *c)c h*c <n /ss b*. PUNCTUL ( Zhhcu h *+0hs )c c< dc bucu*bs% )c"h < dc *ccunbsc+ b*% <n *uc< ccs u0sls s<n ncs)us dc *ccunbsc+ b*s: b ul ls sc )h*c 0hs 0ul dcc< su2scscn % 4s cu h < 0hs /<* bs un hh <* h < dc )u3sn 0c*s h : sc bucu*h <0)*cun+ cu )*sc cnss s+s% c<4 sg<ndu"s )c b3s dc )h* ch lus Du0nc.cu. Cc 0ul3u0s*s <s /h 2s hdus Db0nulus% b2c*sndu"s b cc"h/ch% 4s"n )*s0ul *<nd sns0hQ >Dc hs +.s% Lbh0nc% dc c<nd c"h0 cunbscu % /bs <ncc)c s+ c sluDcsc: h 2bs b schs0bh*c dc"h d*ch) h h." L"h *sdsch )c cl Db0nul ch s+"& bsnccu/<n c.c% cb)lc4sndu"s chsh dc h/u3ss 4s su2lc ul dc dcs+/<*4s*s. Cu0)+nc4 c cu c< 0hs *ccunbsc+ b* *cbusc s+ c h*+3s u% c+cs dhc+ hcblb Db0nul h bsnc/bs s+ sn *c <n chsh /h0c4ulus hcclush% hscs% <n )sc) ul +u: hcblb l"h )b2 s Zhhcu )c Db0nul% hscs Db0nul <nsu4s c bs)+ ch.+: hcblb Zhhcu s"h b2c*s bh + chsh lus% hscs *cbusc u s+"3s b2c*s b su2lc ul 4s 0sn ch ch s+"& cunb4 s% h2cc3sunch ch s+"& subc4 s% s0)lb*<ndu"& s+"3s dch bsnccu/<n h*ch sh nu ch unus 2su hl lus H/*hh0% cs hl hcclus 0h*c P+*sn c ch*c *+sc4 c 4s db0nc4 c )cs c bh c /chcu*slc. H0sn.
MCDSTHSH 5
65&

PUNCTUL & l"ugc + cu0 2c0csh hcchs h% du)+ cc h )+ s0s h <3sh hns un 0h*c ncch. <n /sh3+% bc c4ug hl /snss% 4s%
du)+ cc"h /+.u c< dc )u3sn b hDu hsc*+ 0cdscss dc )c )+0<n % h.s *ccu*gc lh Cc*: sc <nh*0ch.+% <n lbcul )l+3ss% cu <nc*cdc*c bbgh + <n )u c*ch 4s /*c*ch Db0nulus: 4 sc c+% )cn *u Mcdscul hccs h Ds/sn% h dh <nsch0n+ h cc*c% h4h <hc< /snc .sc<nd? > su c+ dhc+ s.bu csc s+ h sng 2sc 4s un 2s* dc lh hhsnh lus% 0s"& /bs 2hcc ssgu*% dc4s"s sub3s*c% )c ccl hl /sc3ss 0clc." B% 0h*c 2c0cscQ B% 0h*c 0slbs cnsc h Db0nulusQ Hl3s 0cdscs <l h sng cs )c bblnh/ ch s+"& lccushsc+% hscs <l h sngc bblnh/ul )c Mcdsc ch s+ sc /sndccc. >Cu <s cunbsc% .scch ch% nc"s2<*4s h /s* u c: 0h*c c )u c*ch lus% lh 2cl dc 0h*c bun+ h ch: cs c )c c< dc )u c*nsc% )c"h < dc 0slbs s/: s"hDung cu s+"& h sng% 4s Cl h*c s+ 0+ /sndccc." Rccunbh4 c"3s g*h/clc bc c4ugu*s ch*c"3s 01hncsc su2lc ul cu ncdcs+/1*4s*s% hccl 2luC dc )h s0s% *c2luC dc )+ch c: nu *c4 c"n snc b 0h*c db*sn3+ dc h c /sndcch% d*c) )*s0+ )*cg+ s*c h <ns+n+ b4s*ss% <n3clcgc c+ hscs <l hs )c <nsu4s Mcdscul ds/sn cc /sndcc+ h <3sh bblnh/s: d+ 2ugh cu c*cdsn3+ /sc% cu c*bsc+ <nc*cdc*c c+ b lchcul +u cs c s+"& h sngs 4s s+"& )*s0c4 s. PUNCTUL 7 Tu*0h 0ul3s0ss <l <0)*csu*h dsn bh c )+*3slc )c M<n us b*ul% 0c*gch <ncbnDu*h dc sns0s% hsss h dc ss03s*s% 4s dc"hccch nu"s 2+cchu lbc 2c0css ch s+ sc )bh + h)*b)sh s)*c h"s cc*c lccus*ch 2h3+ c+ *c 2h3+% c+cs b dchunh ls sc )un )scdscs 0h*s <n chlc cclb* cc chu + h sc h)*b)sh dc Du0nc.cu. #+.<nd hccs ch% ch /h 2s s)us? >Nu 0c*s cu 2c*scs*ch dc h"s )u ch /b*bs Db0nulus 4s Du0nc.culus 0cu% c+cs nu s<n dcc< )*h2 4s ccnu4+% 4 su <ns+ c+ )u c*ch
79
C2. Mhrc!, B% 7("6(.
lus c h < dc 0h*c% c+ 4s nu0hs dc"s /bs h sngc sghclul hhsncs% 0+ /bs /sndcch." Ch h c*c.u % sh* Db0nul h luc*h : ch h h sns hhsnh 4s"n cls)+ s"h 2+cu bsnc. Mul3s l"hu <0bul.s )c Db0nul 4s b nu s"hu /sndcch : ch dh% 4s h /cns dbh* cu c*cdsn3+ /sc% cu <nc*cdc*c /c4nsc+: nu dbh* cu 0<nh &"h h sns% cs s"h <nsb3s "b cugc ul cs <n2l+c+*h 4s &"h h sns )c Db0nul lh cbh*dh cch 0hs ss03s bh*c% 0+*c3sh 0slbs cnscs shlc. Cu0)+nc4 c hcu0h u% ch*c /ss s+ c cu0snccs% cu c< 0hs 0h*c c 2c*scs*ch h% dc /*c0c cc"s h sngs nu dbh* s/ul /c40<n ulus% cs )c Db0nul b : <l <0b*+3s4c.s% <l s *<ngs% <l <nchs.s <n )sc) ul +u% <l 0+n<ncs <n *cg: <n c3c4 c"3s% dh*% c*cdsn3h% h)*sndc"3s 0slh% *ccu"nbh4 c"3s 2c*scs*ch% )*c3usc4 c )*slcDul 4s% dc /*c0c cc h sngs sghclul dh*u*slb* shc*h0cn hlc% nu *c4 c b 0h*c <nc*cdc*c c+ b s+ bb3ss <ns+n+ b4s*ch dc)lsn+ dc bh c /scsslc 4s )h s0slc hlc. PUNCTUL 6 >Csnc s"h h sns dc 0sncO% h s)us nu0hsdcc< C*ss bs% sh* S2<n ul Pc *u? >B Dbh0nc% h <3sh 4s dsn bh c )+*3slc c <0bul.csc 4s 0hs <n *cbs? Csnc s"h h sns dc 0sncO" ><n *"hdc/+*% c+cs dc4s 0ul3s sc h)*b)sc dc Ssus% nu"& h sng )u c*nsc 4s nscs nu"& hdb*+ cu cugc ul? ch <ns+ cu hdc/+*h &"h h sns lh cbh*dh cch 0hs ss03s bh*c h ncs2<*4s cs lus bun+ +3s: ch% cu c/lh/sc 2sc*bsn c: cs% cu nc)sb4cnsc 4s% ch h h*c% nscs Db0nul nu"s ss0 c% nscs cs nu"s ss0 )u c*ch ds/sn+. Hscul + cu0 c <n *chb+ hs +.s C*ss bs <nsu4s? >M"hs h sns bh*c% su2lc c% cu c*cdsn3+ /scO Tc"hs cu0sncch cu c/lh/sc 2sc*bsn c shu nu0hs dsn bbs4nusn3+O Csnc bh*c 0"h h sns )u c*nscO" B% c<3s hDung s+ sc cu0snccc 2+*+ h"& h sngc Db0nul% nscs 0+ch* <n ccl 0hs nc<nsc0nh 2s* hl /c40<n ulusQ C<3s nu"& )*s0csc 2+*+ cu/cns h )*cg+ s*cQ s hs 2cl% 2+*+ 2blbs% nu"4s /sndcc+ *+nslc% 2ssndc+ nu"& h sng cu sns0slc lb*: nu sc lccuscsc% 2ssndc+ nu sc <ng*sDcsc. Dc hscs% scbh c b 0h*c <nsu2lc3s*c ch s+ c h)*b)ss dc Du0nc.cul hccs h <0)+* +4s % <n h4h 2cl% <nc< Cl s+"3s ss0 + h)*snsh c/lh/sc 4s u s+"s <ncc*cs 2h/bh*ch. PUNCTUL ( Kc0csh sc 0s*+ dc ccch cc ss0 c 4s dc ccch cc hudc% dc 2h) ul c+ /cdc b 0snunc du)+ hl h% )lsn+ dc <n2*scb4h*c 4s dc d*hgbs c% dcb)b *s/+ c+ s"h /+.u su*)*sns+ 4s /sndcch +% <4s 0+* u*ssc4 c
MCDSTHSH 8 373
MCDSTHSH 8 Dcsprc sntshrch clu !tulus lc#ss *n chsh lus B!cd3Cd!" 4s cu" h u"plut3! dc
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7&
dc hDuns ch s+"& )b3s )*s0s u )c <nsu4s u*sh4ul 4s ncs2<*4s ul Du0nc.cu% cu)*sns <n Bs sh hcchs hO Dhc+ <ngc*ss hsss + cu <n2*scb4h*c% cu0 s+ c h)*b)ss u 2+*+ s2shl+O Dhc+ nscs )u*s h ch *h.clb* dc sbh*c nu"s dc hDuns ch *hcl+% cu0 s+"s 2sc ccn *u cu/ssncsbs Dbsnscsh sns0ss hlc% nccu*+3sh cugc ulus +uO <n/h3+ b /cnc*h3sc <n2*scb4h + 4s b <n2*scb4h*c *cs)cc ubhs+% ch s+ s.bu c4 s h <nchsdc bh + M+*c3sh dc nccu)*sns h Cc*ulus <n l+ch4ul s *<0 hl )sc) ulus +u. PUNCTUL 7 Rcgclc )b*uncc4 c s+ 2sc dus Chs/b ul nu <n chsh unus )*sncs)c% cs <n cch h unus b+*bh /s* ubs% hcchs h 2ssnd hdc/+*h h nbblc3c? c*h 0h*c <n bchss Db0nulus% dcbh*ccc c*h s0c*s <n hs s+s. Cc*ul h cbn2s*0h hlcgc*ch cu bsnc2hcc*s <n0ul3s c: nu0c*bhsc <s c*hu /s* u3slc% dh* 0hs 0h*c u0slsn3h% 0h*c 0c*s ul% dh* lh 2cl dc 0h*c 0bdcs sh. <l chc0h Bbcd"Cdb0% ccch cc <nsch0n+ slug+ h Db0nulus% c+cs c un 0h*c s s0ulcn )cn *u 0+*c3sh cch /sc s+"& /hd+ *bbsndu"s"sc )c"hcclh cc u*0ch.+ h b )*s0s: u0slsn3h c 2s*0h ch*c nc h*h + hhnul lus Du0nc.cu. Sc sbcb ch 0hs nc/*cdnsc dcc< b3s s+ g+.dushsc+ Chs/b ul hchs+ lh cl% dh* h 2+cu "b dsn hscul h*c 4s h )u u hs 2cl s+ c<n c /sc b*sslc bb3snu c% dh* nu s+ 4s nu0c*c 0slbs s/s*slc )*s0s c. Cu c< + h+*nscsc 4s"b /h 2s h*hnDh % <0)bdbbsnd"b 0hs 0ul cu /s* u3s dcc< cu bbg+3ssQ Nu /h 2s ls)ss 2*sch dc Du0nc.cul ccl subs b*% du)+ cu0 nscs d*hgbs ch cch 0hs s2sclnsc+. Cu0)+nc4 c c+ h.s *cbusc s+ bs)c3c4 s nu u0b*h% cs )c Sbh*clc <nsu4s% chsh* dhc+ <n nb*ul hccsdcn clb*: nu ss0bblul% cs *chls h ch unus Du0nc.cu *chl0cn c 4s cu hdc/+*h <nchss <n hcchs + Bs sc: nu <n chsh h% cs <n )sc) ul +u. Cu0 *cbusc s+ c *<ndusc4 s% cu0 *cbusc s+ <0)bdbbc4 s c0)lul su2lc ulus +u cu bbg+3sc dc /s* u3s% cu bdbh*c dc 0c*s cQ #c.s c+ hs +.s Rcgclc Cc*ulus )b*uncc4 c s+ sn *c Chs/b ul T*u)ulus s+u <0)+* +4s sub hcb)c*s4ul +u% <n chsh* *+*unchss +s: sh sch0h% h4hdh*% cu cc ulbu*h*c *cbusc s+"& )*s0c4 s% cu cc /cnc*h3sc s+"& )*ch0+*c4 s. PUNCTUL 6 Chs/b ul Db0nulus h sn *h <n chsh ,&s Bbcd"Cdb0% <n <s )+* sns + ch s+"& )*s0chsc+ 4s h)bs 2c*scs + ch s+ )*s0chsc+ bsnc"
MCDSTHSH 8 375
cu/<n +*s? nu h 2bs b chs+ gbhl+% cs )lsn+ dc c/lh/sc: nccu0 Chs/b ul% cs )lsn 4s cl dc cb0b*slc Cc*ulus% cb)lc4snd"b dc 2c*scs*s. Cc bucu*bs sc /h 2s )b0cns Bbcd"Cdb0 c<nd h /+.u c+"n lbcul hs)*s0slb* c0u c h/ch )h* c dc hh <*u*sQ Hs 2cl s<n *+s)l+ s c sluDs*slc <n su)unc*c% dh*u*slc dc u0slsn3+Q Db0nul s"h )l+ s bsnc bs)c3sh% c+cs% ch *cgc h < dc 0h*c% undc sn *+ cl% nu 0hs cs c nscsbdh + 0s.c*sc. Cu0)+nc4 c u% cc 0slbs s/s*s nu"3s )b3s 2+g+dus <n .suh <n ch*c hccs Chs/b hdc/+*h % nu gbl% cs )lsn dc Mhnh ds/sn+ h T*u)ulus 4s S<ngclus lus C*ss bs% Db0n 4s Du0nc.cu hdc/+*h % sn *+ <n )sc) ul +u. Hcclh h 2bs cu sh% hccs h gsu/hsc*ul: hcclh h u0)lu dc bunu*s chsh lus Bbcd"Cdb0% )cn *u c+ h 2bs ss0bblul hccs csh. Cu c< 0hs 0ul <3s /h u0)lc dc hh <*u*s sns0hQ Kblbsc4 c )*slcDul )c ch*c"& hs: sh sch0h c+ hscs s<n bh c cb0b*slc lus Du0nc.cu% 0snh cch bbgh + h Hh*ulus: <n/h3+ s+ cc*s% c+cs )c <nsu4s *cgclc <n )c*sbhn+ <l g+.dusc4 s <n *+*unchss +s. PUNCTUL ( Rccunb4 sn3h lus Bbcd"Cdb0 4s"h u u*b* cclb* dsn chsh lus nu h 2bs cch 0hs 0sc+ dsn *c 0slbs cnsslc )*s0s c% bh chsh* h 2bs h < dc 0h*c% <nc< s"h dc/cns *cnu0c? nu sc /b*bch dcs)*c hl cc/h <n b Ss*hclul% sl+/sndu"sc bh c 2c*scs*slc dsn chsh Sus: sc <n *ccchu cu nb*bcul lus% bsnc h* 2s 2bs 4s cu /s* u ch"s. P<nh 4s s2<n ul *cgc Dh/sd. <nsu2lc3s h uncs% s"h s *+dus s+ duc+ Chs/b ul <n )hlh ul s+u *cghl% db*nsc s+ luc*c.c <n *u sluDs*s 4s s+ sh )h* c lh bsnc2hcc*s. B% u% ch*c hs +.s c"hs cu0sncch % )+.c4 c" c s+ nu h0u3c4 s )cn *u lhudclc ds/snc: *ccunb4 sn3h 2hcc )h* c dsn 0slbs cnsc 4s% dc /*c0c cc c *ccunb4 s 4s 0hs 2h/b*s.h dcc< Bbcd"Cdb0% h*h +" c <nc+ 4s 0hs *ccunbsc+ b*? hccs c 0ul3u0s*s 2s"/b* ghDul unb* nbs hh <*u*s 4s% dc /*c0c cc b3s c+scnss +s hu )h* scs)h lh 0slbs cnsslc ds/snc% bh c )u c*slc 4s bh c 2hcul +3slc hlc bs cnchsc+"sc <n *u lhudh Db0nulus: )b2 c4 c gcnc*h3sslc gcnc*h3sslb* ch% <0)*cun+ cu s2<n ul Rcgc P*b2c % s+ c hDu c h c<n h 0slbs cnsslc Db0nulus <n /ccss /ccslb*.
H0sn.

PUNCTUL & #ugc + c+% dhc+ Sbhn h 0c*s h s+ )*s0chsc+ h < ch hh <*u*s dsn )h* ch Ds/snulus s+u <n/+3+ b* dh b*s + nc)*sh+ns*ss% Pc *u lc"h dbb<nds dh b*s + u0slsn3cs. Sbhn h 2bs uccnscul subs % Pc *u ccl u0sls ? h/ch s+ 2sc ch)ul Bssc*scss 4s su)c*sb* u u*b*h )*sn dc0ns h ch sh% cs cl s"h h4 c*nu lh )scsbh*clc u u*b*h )*sn u0slsn3h sh. Pc c< <l *hns)b* h uncb*s c/lh/sh <n2l+c+*h +% )c"h < h"& <n2*<nh 0bdcs sh: nu <nd*+.nch s+"& <n *cbc )c Db0nul% 4s h4h <l <n *cbh Db0nul )c cl: c<nd ccslhl3s )*c sndchu s+ 2sc <n )*s0clc *<ndu*s. cl nu sc sbcb ch /*cdnsc s+ s ch <nhsn ch <n/+3+ b*ulus s+u. Mul3u0s dc hcchs + 0bdcs sc% Db0nul% )+*+ssnd cclclhl c b+*cs% sc u*c+ <n *"h lus% dsn ch )*cdsc+ 4s"n ch sc bdshnc4 c: Pc *u su)b* h 0us *+*slc% dh* sc bucu*h dc hh <*u*s dcbscbs c. Cu0)+nc4 c cc bun+ )b*ns*c c u0slsn3h ch s+ sc4s <n <n 10)snh*ch unus Db0n c+*ush <s )lhc h < dc 0ul ccs u0sls 4s% <n /cdc*ch cu0sncc+*ss% s *+dusc4 c" c s+ c <nh*0c.s cu hcchs + s2<n + 0bdcs sc: *c *hgc" c *ccunbsc<ndu"3s Dbsnscsh% )cn *u ch Db0nul s+ 3s"b sh <nhsn c% 2+c<ndu" c s+ c bucu*s dc 0+*c3sh lus: h4h.+" c )c ul s0ul lbc lh du0nc.cscscul bs)+3% c+cs Db0nul c /h u*ch 0hs sus: u0slc4 c" c cu c< 3ss 0hs 0ul sh )lhcs unus Db0n hs c+*us bchs 2ug du)+ ccs bl<n.s 4s ccs 0scs. PUNCTUL 7 Nchdb*0s3s% H)bs blss hu *uds b nbh) c"n *chg+ 4s ns0sc n"hu )*sns% 2ssndc+ nu"s hsss h Ds/snul lb* <n/+3+ b*: s + chu <n <n unc*sc 2+*+ /+.ul lus 4s .hdh*nsc 2+*+ hDu b*ul lus% c+cs dhc+ Cl ls)sc4 c% ns0sch nu sc <nchcsc cu nb*bc. s h *ccu nbh) ch ls)scs lus% ds0snch3h Sbh*clc Ds/sn h /cns 4s b ul s"h cb/<*4s dc /bsbhsclc"s <n*<u*s*s. S2<n ul Pc *u h dcschss bchss c*cdsn3cs 4s s"h cunbscu )c ssnc 4s )c <n/+3+ b*ul s+u Ds/sn% 4s"h *ccunbscu )*b)*sh"s sl+bscsunc 4s )u c*ch Db0nulus s+u% Dbsnscsh sh 4s 0+*c3sh lus: <n ssnc
Cs. S!hn, 7&% &B"&'.
658 CUMSNCCTBRUL
Du0nc.cul 0cu% )c 0snc 4s bh c hlc 0clcO Cu% ns0scul 4s bh c ns"0scnscsslc." Cu c< + /cnc*h3sc% cu c< + 0snunh*c% cu c< + ulbu*h*c *cbush s+ /ss ch s+ c cu0snccs <n 2h3h uncs 0+*c3ss h < dc s0cnscQ
PUNCTUL ( Db0nul nu"& <ndc)+* ch.+ dsnhsn c sh )c Pc *u% cs% ds0)b *s/+% <l unc4 c 4s 0hs s *<ns cu ssnc: c h < dc )u3sn dss)us s+"4D <n bh*c+ dc lh u0slsn3h lus bchss% <nc< cs 2ug du)+ ch: nu"s *c2u.+ chs)ul s+u% cs"s d+*usc4 c chsh* sns0h 4s"s 0ul3u0c4 c )cn *u 0bdcs sh lus s2sbhs+% chu + s+"s <nc*cdsn3c.c cb0b*slc shlc% 0+*g+*s h*clc cclc 0hs scu0)c 4s ch*c"& cbs + ccl 0hs 0ul % 0sclu4css 4s bslc shlc. Pc *u h *+0hs lh 2cl dc *ccubsc+ b*% )c c< 2uscsc <nhsn c dc *c *hs% dc dbu+ b*s ulbu*h dc *c)c h h bl<ndc3c h Db0nulus s+u% 4s% dhc+ <nhsn c sc sus *+gch )*c.cn3cs shlc% hcu0h sc g*+bc4 c s+"s hduc+ lhud+% *+scu0)+*<ndu"4s nc<nc*cdc*ch cu s0c*cnss% cu 0ul3u0s*s sns0bhsc )cn *u nb*bcul s+u. B% Db0nul 0cu 4s bh + h/u3sh 0chQ Cu c< 0hs <ndh b*h 0+ *ccunbsc cu h.s% c<nd /sn s+ c )*s0csc% dcbh*ccc nu dbh* <0s <ng+dusc4 s s+ s hu <nhsn ch ncs2<*4s cs hlc 0+*c3ss% cs bsnc/bsc4 s s+ s hs Tu <nsu3s% <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h % <nl+un *ul )sc) ulus 0cuQ Tu <n 0snc 4s cu <n Tsnc% c+cs Tu <0s c4 s ccn *u 4s bh + h/u3sh: dc"h* 2s s+ 2su 4s cu lh 2cl dc nchb+ u <n dh*u*s )c c< c4 s Tu dc 0+*sns0bs <n hh <*u*s: nu cu0/h s+ sc h*h c Dbsnsc un )sc) h < dc )*s/slcgsh % sh* 0+* u*sss*ch Dbsnscscs 0clc 2sc *c)c h + s *sgh*c h slh/slb* hlc nc0+su*h c. H0sn.
MCDSTHSH &9 Ch s prs"c4ts pc D!"nul cu sslsnclc Mhrtcs 4s #sn#4sslc Mrscs:'

76 C2. Luch% &9%68"(7.
MCDSTHSH &9 65'
h < dc 0h*c hh <*Q Cu c< db* <l /h 2s h4 c) h M+*sh )c Db0nul <n c+u h*ch c+*ush )b*nssc hl c<nd/h cu h < h h/<n Q s dhc+ h uncs cunbscusc 0h*ch 2c*scs*c dc h 2s 2bs bsnc )*s0s +% hs +.s /h 2s sbcb s d*c) un hh <* h)h* c )u sn3h dc h"& )*s0s ch )c d<nsul. Cc )*cg+ s*c ncs)us dc 0+*ch3+ /b* 2s 2+cu % clc ch*c cunb4 chu h <l dc bsnc 0hscs h ch 4s 0+*c3sh bhs)c clus h4 c) h Q Mh*c /h 2s 2bs g+ chlh bd+slb*% <nc+ 4s 0hs 0h*c cch h sns0slb*% 4s bbgh clc )bdbhbc lc /b* 2s ss0bbls.h /s* u3slc cclc )*c3sbhsc. Cu0)+nc4 c c+ Db0nul <nsu4s <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h /snc h.s <n )c*sbhn+ s+ *hg+ lh chs clul sns0ss hlc% chu + s+"s <n0<nc.s chcslc 2hcul +3slb* 4s ss03u*slb* hlc: <n2*+3chsc+"3s"sc /bsn3h 4s sn clcc ul ch s+"& hss4 s cu )*c3us*s 4s gsng+4sc: 0hs <nhsn c dc b*scc 2sc b 0h*c )*cg+ s*c dc )bdbhbc )*sn /s* u3s% cu 0h*c dc*c sch*c dc cugc % h0s*bssnd b ul h hh* 4s s2sn3cnsc. PUNCTUL 7 Du0nc.cscscul <n/+3+ b* sc h)*b)sc dc )b*3slc chs clulus% l+s<nd s+ sc /hd+ )c chs)ul s+u du0nc.cscsc b bun+/bsn3+ cc*chsc+: cclc dbu+ su*b*s /b* 2s sc4s s+"& <n <0)snc cu csns s*c subs bh*c% u*0h c dc <n *chgh lb* 2h0slsc% )cn *u ch b3s s+ bs cnchsc+ h"& sluDs )c Db0nulQ Cc bucu*bhsc <l <n <0)sn+Q C< dc *ccunbsc+ bh*c <l shlu +Q C< dc cu* cns bh*c <l bs)c3cscQ Ph*c"0s"sc c+ b 4s /+d )c Mh* h ncs)us dc <ndh b*s bh*c 4s )c Mhgdhlcnh subs bh*cQ Cu cc su/c*hn+ bl<ndc3c <ns+ /h 2s *+s)uns Db0nul ss03s*ss lb*Q <l /b* 2s h4c.h lh 0sDlbc% clc <n *cc<ndu"sc ch dbs sc*h2s0s% <n *h*s)<ndu"sc *ccs)*bc% unh subsnd 4s cchlhl + sluDsnd. <l /b* 2s cbndus <n cch 0hs <0)bdbbs + <nc+)c*c% /*chu s+ .sc <n ccn *ul sns0ss lb*% sh* hcblb nu /b* 2s )sc*du nscs b cls)+ 2+*+ h"s hscul h cbn/c*sh3sh cc*chsc+% 2+*+ h"s sh/u*h )*c.cn3h ds/sn+. B% u% ch*c"& )*s0c4 s hs +.s )c hcclh4s Bhs)c c Ds/sn% sh sch0h c+ h 4s hDuns lh )b*3slc bu.clb* hlc% lh chs clul )sc) ulus +u% shl c su2lc ul dc 0ul3u0s*c c+"& )*s0c4 c% <0)*cun+ cu bh c 2hcul +3slc 4s ss03u*slc shlc% 2+*+ ch nscs unul s+ 2sc hbscn . Shs+"s <n <n <0)s"nh*c sslsn3h Mh* cs .4s c/lh/sh M+*scs: <n c3chsc+"3s"sc c*cdsn3h% )*snd+"3s )u c*s s)c*hn3h% <ncsng+"3s"sc d*hgbs ch 4s cbndu"& <n ccn *ul <0)bdbbs hl sns0ss hlc. PUNCTUL 6 Cclc dbu+ su*b*s <4s <0)h* cclc dbu+ sluDbc ds2c*s c% chsh* dhc+ <nd*c) h c h0<ndbu+ c+ *c hccch4s sluDs*c ds/sn+. Mh* h d+
689
CUMSNCCTBRUL
2ugh s+ )*cg+ chsc+ dcs2+ h*ch 0h c*shl+% M+*sh *+0<nc )c lbc% bucu*<ndu"sc dc cch s)s*s uhl+: Mh* h g+ c4 c 0<nch*ch% M+*sh sh/u*ch.+ h*hnh <n/+3+ u*ss cc*c4 s 4s% ch unh cc bbs4nush s+ 4hd+ lh )scsbh*clc <n/+3+ b*ulus cs% g+ssndu"4s hcblb sc* h*ch% hcu0h chu + 0<ng<sc*ch: cch )bc+s + c hcu0 <nd*+gbs s +. Cu c< + )l+cc*c /h 2s dh hDu b* <0)+*+ c4 ss )*c.cn3c ds/sncQ C< dc hbsb*bs + <l /h 2s hscul h )c C*ss bs /b*bsndQ Cu c< + g*sD+ /h 2s )+s *h cu/sn clc dc /sh3+ /c4nsc+Q B% cc 0<ng<sc*c ss0 c un su2lc h4 c*nu lh )scsbh*clc Db0nulus% du)+ cc"& /h 2s )*s0s Q Cc *ug+csunc 2blbss bh*cQ Cc cb0unsch*c )l+cu +Q Mh* h sc )l<ngc Db0nulus c+ sb*h cs h l+sh "b ssngu*+% 0+* u*sssndu"4s sncghls h ch sluDbcs% dh* Db0nul b lsns4 c4 c cu /b*bc dc 0h*c <n/+3+ b*% .sc<nd? >Mh* b% Mh* b% bh + sslsn3h h )cn *u h*hnh *u)ulus c ulbu*h*c% cs lsns4 s*c cch h s)s*s ulus. Hdc/+* .sc c+ nu0hs un 2cl dc 0<nch*c c *cbusncsbs% 4s hcclh d+ /sh3+ /c4nsc+? bsnc h 4 su M+*sh s+ hlchg+."
Hscul +% su2lc c% cu0 4s 3sc lh 2cl <3s s)unc Db0nul% u% )c ch*c c dss *hg bunu*slc )sc*s bh*c% ch*c c <ng*sDc4 s dc buch clc )+0<n" ulus. Nu cCss + bs)+3 )*ccu0 Ds/snul Shc*h0cn : h)*b)sc" c dc Msnc 4s bucu*+" c dc bs<ndh"0s )*c.cn3+% )*s0c4 c"0+ <n )sc) ul +u 4s s hs hscs cu 0snc% c+cs hcchs h c 2c*scs*ch )+0<n ulus: nu )sc*dc cls)h cch bun+ h uncs s2sn c 4s <n2l+c+*h c Cb0unsuns. T PUNCTUL ( C< dc *ccunbsc+ bh*c /h 2s *+0hs Mhgdhlcnh )cn *u <ndbs ul hh <*% c< dc dc.h0+gs + Mh* h dc 2h) ul c+ nu cCss + 0<nch*c 0hs bun+ dcc< <n2*u) h*ch dsn *u Db0nul% )+scu ul <n/+3+ u*ss cc*c4 s 4s sh/u*h*ch )*c.cn3cs shlc ds/sncQ Nu h scbs nscs un cu/<n M+*sh% )c dc"h"n *cgul cu2undh + <n subs*c 4s 0ul3u0s*c% sh* csnc )*s0c4 c hsc0cnch hh <*u*s dc lh Du0nc.cul s+u nu sc us + lh Dsgns*slc h)*bh)clus: /b*bc4 c cu sns0h ncs)us dc subs bh*c% l+s<nd /b*bclc <n sch0h 2h) clb*. <n/h3+ u% b% su2lc c hl 0cu% s+ h)*ccsc.s 4s s+ hducs 0ul3u0s*s? 2sc"3s lhudc sus)snclc% 4s b cb0unsunc )lsn+ dc *ccunb4 sn3+ 2sc dh*ul cclcslhl c: /b*bc4 c cu sns0h dhc+ subc4 s 4s ssngu*h"3s )*cbcu)h*c 2sc <ng*sDs*ch 4s cu* cns*ch Db0nulus )c ch*c l"hs )*s0s . Cul s/1"3s b 0h*c sc<*b+ dc bh c <ndcs ul+*slc b0cnc4 s 4s )b2 c4 c nu0hs 0<nch*c ds/sn+: 0hs h)*bh)c <3s cs c 3sc Db0nul dcc<
MCDSTHSH && 68&

PUNCTUL & /b0)h*+ bun+ h ch lus Sbss2 cu c*u.s0ch 2*h3slb* s+s? b3s uncl csc /<n.h*ch. H cusO H unus 2*h c% /*cdnsc% )*sn dusb4sh lus% dc h 2s subs % 4s )h4nsc% )*sn nc/snb/+3sc. Dc ccO Nu )cn *u /snslc lus. cs )cn *u hlc hl b*h. Hlc cusO Hlc unb*h )c c< dc du40+nb4s% )c"h < dc ncc*cdsncsb4s% )c"h < h dc bh*bh*s% )c c< dc cgs)3scns. Pc c< O Pc )*c3ul 4s nc/snb/+3sh unus 0scl. Cu cc /b*bcO Hcb)c*sndu"& dc snDu*ss% nu0sndu"& db0n )*c2+cu 4s cb)lc4sndu"& cu bc+*s ch )c un sbh*c /ssh 7B. Cu0 hnu0cO Dc.b*+c<ndu"& dc unsch% dhc+ nu 2+*+ cus+ u*s% lung+ <ns+ )<n+ lh c+lc<s Undc"& h*unc+O <n )us sh unus Cgs) % <n us h*ch uncs c0ns3c. Su2lc c% csnc bh*c cs c hdc/+*h ul Sbss2% /<ndu % snsul h 4s 0hl *h h O P*chbunul Ssus% /*cdnsc s+ 2sc subs ch 2*h c 4s /cnc*h ch s +)<n. Csnc &"h /<ndu O Tu% 2+) u*+ Dbsnsc+ 4s sng*h +. Pc c< O Pc un sn c*cs Dbsnsc% )c b dcs2+ h*c 0u*dh*+. Cu0 hnu0cO P+c+ usnd cu h < h nc2*sc+. b2cns<ndu"& cu h < h nc*u4snh*c. Dc c< c b*sO <n 2scch*c .s% <n 2scch*c cchs 4s"n 2scch*c cls)+. Tulbu*+" c% h4hdh*% h.s% c<nd hDungs <n du0nc.cshsch lus )*c.cn3+% cu 0hs 0ul c0cs dcc< 2*h3ss lus Sbss2% c+cs <l /c.s hscs% nu ch /scc*cgc hl Cgs) ulus% cs ch <0)+*h hl Cc*ulus: dhc+ hcclh hscuns% hccs h hcb)c*s : dhc+ hcclh lc d+*ush gnu% Db0nul hccs h 3s sc d+ <n )<snc. Hhs% *ccunbh4 c"3s *+d+*slc <nhsn c dc h"s )*s0s hh <*u*slc: *bhg+"& s+ c sc* c% <nhsn c dc h c )b2 s cl: h*unc1"s" c lh )scsbh*c <nhsn c dc h ss03s c+ c4 s l<ng+ cl: h0cs cc+"3s lhc*s0slc <n b+u u*+ 4s 0+n<nc+"3s ccnu4h )cns cn3cs cu )<snch bs)+3ulus +u.
7( 7B
PUNCTUL 7 G<ndc4 c" c lh )*chbl<ndul Sbss2% cu c< + subs*c *+s)undc u*ss 2*h3slb* s+s: nu sc 0ul3u0c4 c s+"s g+.dushsc+ lh cl hchs+% cs <s )unc <nl+un *ul *+*unchslb* s+s: )*cschs0b+ *+.bun+*slc unus b2cnsh <n db/c.slc dc h2cc3sunc hlc unus <nd*+gbs s % *ccunbsc<ndu"s )c ccs cc nu"& 0hs cunbscusc*+ 4s csns sndu"s )c ccs cc"& snsul hsc*+: <s <nl+n3usc4 c cu <0b*+3s4+*s d*+g+s bhsc )c ccs cc"& lcghsc*+ cu 2*<nghss ncb0cnbhsc 4s% <n lbc dc lh3 dc g*u0h.% lc d+ <n schs0b <0b*+3s4+*s subs bh*c: sc s *+dusc s+"s <0bbg+3chsc+ )c ccs cc"& dcs)ushsc*+ 4s"s hcb)c*+ dc dh*u*s )c ccs cc"& hcb)c*ssc*+ cu bc+*s: <s *c.c4 c hs 2cl )c ccs cc"& sbcb ssc*+ hdb*0s 4s=& hdb*+ hsc/ch )c ccl )c ch*c"& dss)*c3ussc*+ /ssh : nu dbh* lc d+ g*<ul <n c+u h*ch c+*ush /cnssc*+% cs <s h4h.+ lh 0hsh lus 4s"s s+*b+ b*c4 c cu un bs)+3 s *+lucs . B% bun+ h c ds/sn+Q B% 0+*sns0sc dc nc<n3clcs h )*chdulcclus 0scl SsusQ <n hccch4s nbh) c <n ch*c 2uscsc )*cdh % ch *+.bunh*c% du40hnslb* s+s% sc d+ )c ssnc )*sc cnslb* ch h*hn+% )*cschs0b+ h0+*+csunslc <n dulcc3u*s% *sdsc+ )hhh*ul cu s<ngclc s+u <n csns ch bh0cnslb* cc uncl csc s+ s"& bch% sh* c<nd cs chu + s+"& 0+n<ncc dc /su dsn )s.0+% Cl ls sc d+ s)*c bs)+ h*c dsn d*hgbs c? <nchsn+ dulcch3h Pb s*ulus s+u <n csns ch cclb* cc"s )*cg+ csc 2sc*ch 4s b3c ul: /*ch s+ )+ *und+"n )sc) ul cclb* cc s hu s+"s s)sn ccc cbhs h% h)uc+ )<snch cu 0<snslc dh*nscc ch*c s hu s+ 2sc g+u*s c dc cusc% lc <n sndc lb* cu 0+*sns0sc bc0hs c<nd cs sc )*cg+ csc s+ s lc *+s sgnchsc+ cu c*u.s0c% <ndulcc4 c cu
lh) c 4s 0sc*c gu*slc cc s hu s+"& scus)c <n bb*h.. S)unc"0s hcu0h% )+c+ bsulc% )b3s bh*c s+"3s <nchs)us b 0hs 0h*c nc*ccunb4 sn3h dcc< h h shu b 0hs 0h*c bun+ h c dcc< cch h Db0nulusO Cb0)h*+ hccs c dbu+ cC *c0c 4s h*unc+" c lh )scsbh*clc unus 2*h c h < dc bun% *ccunbsc<ndu"3s /snh% s0)lb*<nd sc* h*ch )c ch*c nu sc )bh c s+ 3s"b *c2u.c ccl cc 3s sc d+ )c dc"h"n *cgul ch h*hn+. PUNCTUL 6 Sbss2% us <nd b2cnsclc /cchs% n+scbcc4 c hh <*u*s nbs 4s% c<nd bh + lu0ch )sc*c dc 2bh0c% )b*uncc4 c ch lb* s+ ls sc dch un bs)+3? >M<nch3s% lc s)unc cl% c+ cu s<n Sbss2% nu du40hnul% cs 2*h clc /bs *u% nu su)+*h % cs 0slbs s/." M<nchu ch 2l+0<n.ss% 4s cl <s sc*/ch lh 0hs+% 4s% cu bh c c+ s"h* 2s 0ul3u0s 4s cu )<snc gbhl+ ch s+"4s )b blchsc+ 2bh0ch% ls sc"hduc 2clu*s g+ s c )cn *u dcs2+ h*ch lb*: nu *</ncsc lh bcl4ugul snhcccssbsl% cs <s sh/u*ch.+ *bhdclc% sh* #cnsh0snul nc/snb/h % ch un lu)hn c+*ush s sc bh lu)ss lh gu*+7A% <n2ulcch dc dbu+ b*s 0hs 0ul dcc< b3s ccslhl3s. B% u ch*c c"hs h4c.h lh 0hsh Hl h*ulus% *ccunbh4 c"& )c bunul +u 2*h c Ssus% ch*c nu nu0hs c )b2 c4 c% cs 3s sc 4s d+ ch h*hn+: h*c <nc*cdc*c <n snc% <n *uc< <3s sn *+"n )sc) 4s"3s )+ *undc <n *+*unchsQ Sh h0sn c s+ nu *+dc.s sh*+4s% s+/<*4snd nbs )+ch c% 0+n<nc+ )*ccu0 un 2l+0<nd 4s hs s+ cunb4 s sh3ul% c+cs% )c c<nd ccslhl3s )sc* dc 2bh0c% 3sc <3s )*ssbscsc bun+ +3slc: 0+n<nc+ cu ncs2shl+ 4s <nc*cdc*c% c+cs chsh% 0hsh hcchs h% 2ssnd hlc lus Ssus% 2*h clc +u% s<n hlc hlc% 4s"3s s)unc? >Cu s<n Ssus% )c ch*c u l"hs /<ndu 4s l"hs )c*sccu h % dh* nu s<n su)+*h % cs sc* + b*: h)*b)sc" c dc 0snc 2+*+ ch0+ 4s h4h.+"0+ cu d*hgbs c <n *+*unchss +s." PUNCTUL ( K*h3ss sc /b* 2s <n b*s )c c< dc *ccunbsc+ b*s% )c"h < dc 0ul3u0s3s% 2sc )cn *u bsnc2hcc*slc )*s0s c% 2sc )cn *u b2cnsclc us h c. Cu0 <4s /b* 0hs 2s /+.u dc d*u0 )*bsl+/sndu"4s nb*bcul% dcbh*ccc% c<nd sc c0chu 0hs 0ul dc )cdc)sc% hu h/u )h* c dc csns s*s 4s hh <*u*sQ Cu c< + s<*gusn3+ /b* 2s 0c*s s+ duc+ /c4 slc cclc bunc h +lus lb* dcs)*c 2sul s+u% Sbss2 ccl /su% bc0hs cs ch*c s lc duscsc*+ bdsnsbh*+ h < dc *ss c% c<nd <l sbcb ssc*+ csb)<*3s Q Cu0 sc /b* 2s bucu*h <0)*cun+ cu bunul lb* )+*sn c dc nb*bcul cc d+dusc 4s )cs c 2*h clc lb*Q s cu0 /b* 0hs 2s hl c*nh <n )*s/sn3h lus 0ul3u0s*slc 4s )*bsl+/s*slc Cc*ulusQ Sc /b* 2s <n *ccu s+ )b/cs chsc+ sh*+4s 4s sh*+4s <n <0)lh*ch 4s nu sc /b* 2s 0ul3u0s cu *clh h*ch unush ssngu* dsn *c cs% cs sc /b* 2s <n *ccu 2scch*c <n )h* c s+ b *c)c c. Su2lc c% 0hs 0ul dh b*c.s cus <3s sh* + 0hs 0ul . Cc 0ul3u0s*s sc chdc s+"s hducs unus Db0n ch*c dc h < ch b*s c"h sc* h 4s c"h h4c.h lh 0hs+ cu d<nsulQ Du /c4 slc cclc bunc Th +lus Cc*csc: hDung+ )<n+ lh Cc* nbslc c<n +*s hlc *ccunb4 sn3cs hlc% <n *c"c<ndu" c b dh + 4s dc 0ul c b*s s+"3s )*bclh0s nb*bcul 4s s+ 0c*gs dcscb*s lh Mhsh Hl h*ulus.
7A

PUNCTUL &
c
ugc + cu0 sc )*cg+ c4 c hccs 0h*c )+c+ bs ch s+ )bh + h)+*ch <nhsn ch Ds/sncs cu/ssn3c: <4s <n *cgc4 c cu s0c*cnsc b cc"s ls)sc4 c ch /s* u c: <4s hd<ncc4 c )*b)*sh cunbh4 c*c dc ssnc ch s+ sc )bh + *sdsch lh <n+l3s0ch cch dc nch sns: nu g+sc4 c <n cl <nsu4s dcc< /sns% sh* <n Du0nc.cu 0slbs cnss. >Csnc s<n cu% /h 2s s)us cl% dc cu c. s+ sn *u <n chsh Db0nulusO Cu h < dc *+u% sh* Cl h < dc bunQ Cu un )+c+ bs *cs)sng+ b*% 4s Cl Db0n h < dc subs b*Q Cu s<n un /sc*0c Dbsnsc 4s% ch h h*c% 0c*gc"/bs <*<ndu"0+ )c )+0<n )<n+ lh c0)lul s+u. T*cbus"/h bh*c s+ hduc+ Db0nul bh c dc lh Cl% c<nd cu unul nu h0 ns0sch 4s dc ns0sch nu"s bunO H0 2bs un 0bns *u <n )+c+ us*c% cs Db0nul c un )*bdsgsu <n sc* h*c: <nc*c.+ b* )*sn u*0h*c <n bun+ h ch lus )c c< dc ulbu*h dc *+u h ch 0ch% chsh* h4h% )*h2 su)+*+ b*% glbd nccu*h cu0 s<n % *cbusc s+ sn *u h.s )c )b*3slc chscs shlc." U*c<nd% sc <n <lnc4 c cu un 2h*sscu 4s sc ulbu*+ 4s 0hs h*c ch )+c+ bs cc sc /cdch% lh /cdc*ch cclus )c ch*c"l cbnssdc*h bglsnd+ h /s* u3ss% c+cs <n b*scc g+sc4 c )*scsn+ dc s0c*cnsc. Cu0)+nc4 c% b% u ch*c *cbusc s+ u*cs h.s lh c0)lu nu dbh* ch s+ /b*bc4 s cu Db0nul% cs ch s+"& )*s0c4 s: nu dbh* ch s+ 4c.s <nhsn ch lus% cs ch s+ 3s =& )us <nl+un *ul )sc) ulus% ch )+c+ bs h < dc <n*+s % cu c< + ulbu*h*c hs h c h)*b)shQ Nu u*ch <n chs) dc 2h*sscu% cs <n chs) dc /h0c4 s0c*s ? nu )+4s cu )hsul *u2scs% cs h2und+" c <n )*b)*sh"3s Dbsnscsc% 0+* u*ssc4 c"3s nc/*cdnscsh 4s sn/bc+ sn2sns h 0slbs s/s*c. PUNCTUL 7 #h0c4ul sn *+ <n c0)lu c0+ b*% c+cs dbh* *cs)cc ubs nu h* 2s dc hDuns. Dh* cc c dc 0s*h*c c<nd /cdc
cu *c0u*<ndu"sc )<n+ 4s cblbhnclc Cc*ulusO Csnc s"h <ndc)+* h dsn )*scsnh )+ch ulus *+0<nc dc)h* c dsn u0slsn3+% hlcgc )cn *u ssnc lbcul ccl 0hs nc<nsc0nh % sbcb sndu"sc ccl 0hs 0h*c )+c+ bs: nscs dc Kh*sscu nu
"C2.Such% &8%'"&(.
MCDSTHSH &7 68B
cu ch.+ h sc h)*b)sh% cu h < 0hs )u3sn dc Du0nc.cu: ccl cc nu <nd*+.nc4 c s+ h)h*+ <n lu0c chu + un unghc* hl c0)lulus% 4s chsh* 4s hccs h <s )h*c hh <* nc0c*s h : nu cu ch.+ h )*s/s Cc*ul% dcbh*ccc 4 sc c+ h )+c+ us <0)b *s/h lus: <4s s.bc4 c )sc) ul cu lb/s u*s *c)c h c% )cn *u ch 2sc% /snb/h % s+"& )cdc)schsc+% 2sc% hdb*0s % s+"& *c.chsc+: <4s chch0+ sns0h 4s chch0+ Cc*ul% ch s+"s <ndusb4c.c )c h0<ndbs. >Dbh0nc% .scc cl% 2ss bsnc/bs b* 0sc% )+c+ bsulus dc 0snc% h4h cu0 lc c4 s u u*b*h"% ccch cc <nsc0nh? >Dbh0nc% cus<n )+c+ bsul% Tu sc* + b*ul: 0h*c c sc+lb4sh 0ch% 0slbs s/s*ch h 4s 0hs 0h*c. Dbh0nc% 0h*c sc* h*c% du)+ bun+ h ch h 4s du)+ 0ul3s0ch <ndu*+*slb* hlc% 4 c*gc 0ul3s0ch )+ch clb* 0clc." Cbn c0)l+% su2lc c hl 0cu% )sldh hcchs h dc )cns cn3+? dhc+ #h0c4ul sc sbcb c4 c nc/*cdnsc s+ /b*bchsc+ 2sc 4s dc lh dss hn3+ cu Du0nc.cu% cu0 *cbusc s+ /ss u ch s+"& )*s0c4 sO Cl *+0<nc <n *"un unghc*% cu0 bh*c cu c.s u s+ c h)*b)ss dc Hl h*O Cl nu <nd*+.nc4 c s+ dcschsd+ bchss ch s+"& /hd+ )c Du0nc.cu% sh* u dcschs.s gu*h ch s+ c cu0snccsO Cl <4s s.bc4 c )sc) ul <nhsn ch Db0nulus% sh* u <l sn *bducs <n )sc) ul +uO Cl sc ns0scc4 c ch )+c+ bs% sh* u% <nc+ 4s 0hs 4s ch cl% nscs nu c ulbu*sO Cu0 dc nu <nhl3s glhsul ch s+ s *sgs Db0nulus? >Kss"0s bsnc/bs b* 4s 0sc% dc4s s<n ccl 0hs 0h*c dsn *c )+c+ b4s. Dbh0nc% 0h*c <0s c *+ +cs*ch% 2sc"3s 4s sc* h*ch 0h*c. Dbh0nc% <n 0snc cs c sc+lb4sh% cs <n snc 0slbs s/s*ch"O PUNCTUL 6 B% )u c*nsc+ s0c*cnscQ G<ndc4 c c< c ch dc )l+cu + Db0nulus? #h0c4ul nu )+*ch s+ hsb+ ns0sch bun dcc< s0c*cnsh% sh* Kh*sscul ns0sc hl cc/h *+u dcc< *u2sh% sh* hccch h < dc 0ul h )l+cu Db0nulus% <nc< &"h hdus undc s + ch% 4s hcchs h &"h su)+*h <n *"h < h% <nc< &"h )+*+ss dc b . <ng<02h*ch &"h h*unch )c Kh*sscu dsn lbcul ccl 0hs dc sus% sh* u0slsn3h &"h <n+l3h )c #h0c4 dsn ccl 0hs dc Dbs% c+cs nu"s ncbbs4nus ch *u2sh s+ 2hc+ dsn <ngc*s dc0bns% du)+ cu0 u0slsn3h 2hcc dsn )+c+ b4s <ngc*s. Du0nc.cu sc us + hs 2cl lh ccl cc nu <nd*+.nch s+"& )*s/chsc+ 4s"4s <ndc)+* ch.+ )*s/s*ch dc lh ccl 0ul3u0s dc ssnc <nsu4s: hh*ul ds/sn u0)lc )sc) ul )c ch*c <l u0)lusc ulbu*h*ch% 4s ccl *cs)sns dc Kh*sscu cs c )*s0s dc c+ *c <ngc*s. #h0c4ul sc )b0cnc4 c )u Du0nc.cul 4s Db0nul s+u <n l+un *u"s )*sn hh*% <l 4s bs)c3c4 c <n sns0h sh. Cc 0ul3u0s <l hdb*+% cc subs b* <l <0b*+3s4ch.+% cc 2c*scs <l dcgus +Q Su2lc c% /snb cu s0c*cnsh h lh Hl h*% c+cs h4h /*ch Db0nul s+ 2sc )*s0s : nu cCss + 0hs bun+ bs)c3sc )cn *u hsc0cnch <n+l3s0c
78
cch 0hs 0h*c% 4s )u c*ch% ch*c s"h 2bs dcb)b *s/+: 4s bh + 0+*c3sh% bbg+3sh% h* h% b*nh0cn h3sh 4s 0hscs h ch hu h/u d*c) scb) h4c.h*ch unus Chs/b cc nu c*h dcc< b u0b*+% un ss0bbl% b *c)*c.cn h*c h hccs us shc*h0cn )*chdu0nc.cscsc. Cu0)+nc4 c hs +.s u% ch*c *cbusc s+ h4c.s <n )sc) ul +u nu u0b*h% cs lu0snh <ns+4s: nu ss0bblul% cs <ns+4s *chls h ch: nu Chs/b ul Lcg+0<n ulus% cs )c <nsu4s Db0nul 4s Du0nc.cul <0)+* +4s ? bh*c cc c0)lu dc c/lh/sc h* *cbus s+ cbns *usc4 s uO Cc Shndh Shnct!"" h dcs+/<*4s*ss 4s s2sn3cnscs <n 0sc.ul sns0ss hlcO Dhc+ Sblb0bn h chcl us 4h) c hns ch s+ <nhl3c Tc0)lul ccl 0h c*shl% u 2blbsc4 c 0+ch* 4h) c cchsu*s ch s+"3s )*cg+ c4 s su2lc ul% c<nd dc 2h) 4s b /c4nscsc h* 2s )u3sn. <n *chc+"sc /s* u3slc cu )sc *clc scu0)c% u*0c.c"s hu*ulus s *+lucs b* subs*ch h)*sns+% )*c2hc+"sc lc0n+*sslc bsnc 0s*bss bh*c <n *ug+csuns 0s*cs0h c% h*b0clc <n sus)snu*s% 4s *bnc.c nu sub sls h ch 0c4 c4ugs*ss% cs 2*u0usc3ch hh*ulus. PUNCTUL 7 H /cns .suh 2cs s/+% )c"h < dc /cnc*h +% )c c< dc db*s +% h <nchsn+*ss Tc0)lulus: s"h s *<ns b Ss*hclul ch s+"& g+.dushsc+ 4s s+"& csns chsc+ )c 0h*clc"s Du0nc.cu? /cnchu cu b3ss <0b*+ch3s s+*b+ b*c4 c 4s <n2+4u*h3s <n c/lh/sc? h*dchu Dc* 2clc dcb)b *s/+ cu sns0slc <n2l+c+*h c: 2ssnd b s+*b+ bh*c bb4 chsc+ h u u*b*h% s"hu <0)+* +4s cu b3ss% 0h*s 4s 0scs% s+*hcs 4s bbgh3s% dsn 0<ng<sc*ch uns/c*shl+. Dsn *c b3s s"h *c0h*ch <ns+ c*cdsncsbsul su/c*hn% d<ndu"lc u u*b*h <nsc0n 4s )sld+. S"h l+sh s+ chd+ <n gcnunchs 4s bchss 4s s"h h3sn s c+ *c cc*% cu0)+nsndu"4s .bb*ul *ug+csunss cu lcs ul s0c*cnscs% 4s h 2bs h < dc c2schcc% <nc< &"h h *hs )c Db0nul cu *ugslc shlc. Tc0)lul s"h u0)lu dc"b ncgu*+ <n unccbhs+% /+l cu/ssncsbs )cs c snhcccssbslh 0hscs h c snc*ch +. S"hu ss03s cu b3ss sc+ldh3s dc 0<ng<sc*c 4s hu *ccunbscu dc 2h3+ slh/h Db0nulus 4s Du0nc.culus lb*. Su2lc c% cc 2hs s+*b+ b*csc )*cg+ c4 s u <n .suh <n ch*c c cu0snccsO Sh sch0h c+ )sc) ul +u sc s2sn3c4 c ch c0)lu 4s s+lh4 hl lus Du0nc.cu <nsu4s. Tbh c 2hcul +3slc hlc dch 2ugh lh 0h*ch sblc0ns h c: sns0h 2sc"3s Shndh Shnd!ru" <nsu2lc3s undc s+"4s 2lu u*c h*s)slc Sn clcc ul% hc*u/s0 0snunh % 4s #bsn3h% sc*h2s0 <n2l+c+*h . Bucu*c"3s"sc l+un *ul dc nu0clc lus s2<n 4s c<n c"s ls0bh h lhudclc: sh h0sn c% cbbbh*+ Db0nul <n/+lus dc ncgu*h hccsdcn clb* <n sn s0s h ch *+*unchslb* +s.
688
PUNCTUL & 8, bunulc Ssus% Du0nc.cul 0cu 4s Db0nul 0cu% c< dc <nsc h u0bls <n c+u h*ch uncs 2c0cs h < dc sh ss2+cu c dc /snslc csQ Jbsnsc+% dh? nc2c*scs +% nu% )cn *u c+ d+ dc 4s)b ul 2c*scs*slb*. B% cu0 sc cunbh4 c% Dbh0nc% c< )*c3usc4 s u su2lc clc 4s c+ )cn *u unul ssngu* hs 2s 2+cu b h < h c< )cn *u bh cQ Cc c dc 0s*h*c c+ hs /cns dc dc)h* c ch s+ b chu3s% dc /*c0c cc bc0hs dsn Cc*ul Su)*c0 hs cbbb*< O Nu 0+ 0snunc. c+ c /+d n+du4snd cls)+ dc cls)+% dc /*c0c cc <n *"b bun+ .s /cs n+du4s s<ngc 4s cl /h cu*gc <n 4u/bhsc dsn *+nslc hlc% dh* cc us + bh*c dc Tsnc sh0h*snchnch% )c c<nd Tu b )+s *c.s h < dc bsnc <n 0c0b*sc 4s chsh* <n sns0+Q Nc4 su bh*c dc h/u3sslc cclc /c4nscc% hsd*b)sc+69 dc )l+cc*slc"s )sc*s bh*c% chu + bh.snclc c*+)h c 4s )+*+sc4 c s./b*ul dc h)+ /sc. C< dc )u3sn g<ndch s+ g+schsc+ hdc/+*h h 2c*scs*c cc n"h/ch hl g<nd dcc< s+ b g+schsc+ ch <ns+4s )c d<nshQ #cnch <n c+u h*ch h)cs% ss0bbl hl sh ss2hc3sslb* *cc+ bh*c% 4s h g+ss /<nh 2+*+ dc s2<*4s h hh*ulus. B% su2lc c hl 0cu% sh + c+ hs +.s lh 2cl 3s sc <n <0)l+ 4s 3scQ U0bls dc.b*scn h <n c+u h*ch sh ss2hc3sslb* #*c0clnscc% sh* Db0nul c h4 ch) +% dhc+ nu lh 2<n <nh lus Shcb/% lh cch dsn Hl h*% hdc/+*h s./b* )c*cn hl s<ngclus 4s hh*ulus s+u. Hhs% h)*b)sc" c <nsc h dc cclc csncs s./bh*c dc 0<n us*c% lhs+" c g+ss dc ccl cc c chu +% 2blbsc4 c )*slcDul 4s"3s /cs s sngc sc ch db*sn3clb*. Scbh c dc hscs b hdc/+*h + cunbh4 c*c h 0slbs s/s*ss lus 4s h sc+lb4scs hlc% h us +*ss hlc 4s h g*sDss lus. PUNCTUL 7 C*ss bs <ncc)c s+ b )*cg+ chsc+ )cn *u ch ch s+"s )bh + )*s0s ncs2<*4s clc 0slbs s/s*s: 0hs <n <s <s cc*c s+ dch% 4s"s cc*c b )sc+ u*+
dc h)+% Cl% ch*c u*0ch.+ h"4s /+*sh b s<ngclc )cn *u ch% sc <ndh b*ch.+ cc*<nd )u3sn% )cn *u ch s+ dch Cl 0ul . B% cc <nsc h cs c s+ dchQ C< c dc db*nsc s+"4s <0)+* +4chsc+ dh*u*slc cc*c4 sQ Cu db* h0 db*s % .scc Db0nul <nsu4s% <n2b0c h dc sh3ul nbs *u: cc*c h)+% dh* c dc lhc*s0s bunc s+ cu*c3c su2lc ul% s+ <n+lbchsc+ cugc ul undc /h s+ sc hd+)bs chsc+: <s c sc c ch s+ nc"b s sngc0 nbs )c"h nbhs *+. Sh h0sn c% su2lc c% c+ Db0nul <nsu4s% <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h <n hccs Shc*h0cn )*chdu0nc.cscsc% <3s s)unc? >Su2lc c% d+"0s s+ bchu% <3s cc* lhc*s0s% 2sc"3s 0sl+ dc sc ch 0ch cc 0"h chsnus bh + /sh3h: nu"0s dh 2sc*ch nc*ccunb4 sn3cs% nscs b3c ul nc)sb4c"nscs hlc: /sc 0+ch* b lhc*s0+ /+*sh + )cn *u h < ch /snb/+3ss? dcs" chsd+"3s"sc s./bh*clc bchslb* c<nd cclc hlc s<ngclus 0cu 3s sc <0)+* +4csc <n )uhbhsc." <nchsn+ )cn *u M<n us b*ul +u cu lhc*s0s dc h0+*+csunc )cn *u ch Cl s+ c <nccc )c snc <n hbssu*s dc dulcch3+: scbh c dc"hscs un 0h*c dss)*c3 )cn *u dcs2+ +*slc lu0c4 s 4s b 0h*c sc c dc sh ss2hc3ss du0nc.csc4 s% ch s+ c bucu*s /c4nsc dc s./b*ul hccs h )c*cn dc hh*. PUNCTUL 6 K+) u*h cch Dbsnsc+ *c2u.+ nscs 0hs 0ul % nscs 0hs )u3sn dcc< C*ch b*ulus cs )sc+ u*h dc h)+ )c ch*c hccs h s" b cc*c. Cc sng*h s udsncQ Db0nulus <s cs c <ns+ h < dc s *+sn g<ndul dc"h b l+sh 2+*+ bc*b s*c% <nc< g+sc4 c <n *" hs h 0hs dcg*hb+ un )*slcD dc"h b hDu h: sh0h*snchnch sbcb c4 c c+ h*c dcs ul c0cs ch s+"s *c2u.c un )sc dc h)+% lh 2cl ch b3s hccsh ch*c sc cbdcsc s+"& sluDchsc+. Ssus% d<nd us +*ss *clclc sc*/scss% *+s)undc s +*usnd hsu)*h 2blbhsclb* nbhs *c. >B% 2c0csc% dhc+"hs cunbh4 c dh*ul lus Du0nc.cu% hnu0c )cn *u snc 4s hnu0c )cn *u <0)*cDu*h*ch hs hQ Dhc+"hs 4 s cu csnc /b*bc4 sQ Cu 0snc% s./b* ncscch hl u u*b* h/u3sslb*% 0sn+ h cb0b*slb*% bb<*4sc h 0<ng<sc*slb* cclb* hdc/+*h c: cc*c"0s u Msc nu0hs% 4s 3s"h4 d+*us nu b )sc+ u*+ dc h)+% cs un s./b* <n *cg dc 2c*scs*s 4s 0slbs cnss% ch*c 3<4nc4 c )<n+"n Cc* 4s hDungc )<n+ lh /sh3h cch/c4nsc+." Hscul +% bd*hslh 0ch: h)lchc+"3s% su2lc c% u*cchch% c+ hcclh4s luc*u 3s"& s)unc 4s 3sc Db0nul <nsu4s dc lh Hl h*. B% dc"hs 4 s% b% dc"hs cunbh4 c dh*ul dh*u*slb*% 0slh 0slclb* )c ch*c lc )*s0c4 s hs +.s cu0sncc<ndu" c. Dc"hs 4 s csnc"s 0h*clc Db0n )c ch*c"& <nchs.s <n )sc) ul +uQ Ssngu*h h h/u3sc% b lchcul% 0<ng<sc*ch%
MCDSTHSH &B 6'&
2c*scs*ch% /sh3h 4s ccn *ul +u: ssngu*ul ch*c"3s )bh c u0)lc sns0h 4s <0)lsns db*sn3clc% cu0 s"hs 0hs cc*c )<snch /sc3ss% cu0 hs 0hs 2*cc/cn h cu 4s 0hs 0h*c h*dbh*c s./b*ul hh*u*slb*% 0hsh Hl h*ulusQ <n c3c4 c"3s c*cdsn3h% <nsu2lc3c4 c"3s d*hgbs ch 4s culc+" c <nsc h cu 2h3h <n Dbs hsu)*h s./b*ulus <0bcl4ugh hl s<ngclus s+u% sbh*bc"s"&% hsd*b)sc% dsn *+ns 4s <0busb+" c% su2lc c% dc Du0nc.cu. PUNCTUL ( Du)+ cc &"h cunbscu )c C*ch b*ul 4s M<n us b*ul cs% cc 2c*scs + )lchc+ Sh0h*snchnch% dc/cnsnd dsn )+c+ bhs+% )*b)b/+dus bh*cQ Nu <n bh*cc% sng*h +% s)h clc s./b*ulus% cs )lchc+ dbh* ch s+ sc <n bh*c+ *ccunbsc+ bh*c sh*+4s 4s sh*+4s: 0c*gc s+"4s <0)+* +4chsc+ bsnclc <0)+* +4s % s+"s )l+ chsc+ 0slbs cnsslc cu lhudc% s+ sc bucu*c dc nb*bcul cs. Sn *+ <n cc h ch cs /cs sndu"& cu glhs 0h*c )c Mcssh ccl g+ss : )sc) ul nu"s 0hs <nch)c dc 0ul3u0s*c 4s hs 2cl <4s *c/h*s+ hsu)*h h)*bh)clus dsn )<*gh d*hgbs cs shlc: <s hdun+% nu dbh* 4h) c )cn *u b)*bb*su% cs )c b3s )cn *u csns s*c. Cu0)+nc4 c% su2lc c% cu c< 0hs *ccunbsc+ b* *cbusc s+ c h*+3s u Db0nulus% ch*c 3s"h d+*us h.s nu dbh* un ss0)lu s./b* dc h)+. cs )c bh c cclc csncs hlc s<ngclus s+u )*c3sbs% <nc< hs *+0hs sc+ldh <n hbssul 0slbs s/s*slb* shlc: s+"s 2ss *ccunbsc+ b* 4s /cs h/ch *ccunb4 sn3+: 2+" c c*hsnsc hl dh*u*slb* lus% <0)+* +4sndu"
3s u u*b*h 4s cu b3s 2c*scs*ch% c+cs dc"hccch sc nu0c4 c Cb0unsunc.
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C2. Sshsh, A% &"&(.
)h c% hsss h dc duhu*slc cu* cnc4 s% dsn *c ch*c unclc <l hdb*+% hl clc <l cbn c0)l+% dh* bh c <l lhud+ 4s"& )*ch0+*csc. Hscs cu hdc/+*h c+ su2lc ul +u 4s"h* )u ch )sc*dc cunb4 sn3h cu 0hs 0ul c0cs dcc< cchlhl + *cgsn+ dsn Msh.+.s67 <n )hlh ul )+0<n chnulus Sblb0bn: <n bh*cc"3s nu0hsdcc< bchss c*cdsn3cs c+ *c hccs )*ch"du0nc.cscsc Shc*h0cn 4s bbsc*/+ c+ Du0nc.cu <nsu4s% <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h % ch*c hcblb bcu)+ *bnul 0hscs ubs hl sn2sns cs shlc 0+*c3ss% hscs sc <ncs2*ch.+ <n hcchs + Bs sc cu ss0)ls h c subs bh*c: hcblb s0cns% hscs *c.u0h : hcblb h *+g<ndu"s /cnc*h3sc 0+*c3sh% hscs s <*nsnd db/c.s dc h2cc3sunc d*hgbs ch sh. G<ndc4 c" c% dhc+ h* *cbus s+ *ccs )*sn 0sDlbcul cc clb* <ngc*c4 s% c*bsndu"3s d*u0 )*sn *c sc*h*hss h*s)h c% cu hc*u/s0s dc"b )h* c 4s dc hl h ch s+ *ccs u% cu cc ch0+ hs )u*ccdc% cu cc s2shl+ c"hs h)*b)shQ Sh h uncs h0sn c c+ )c <nsu4s Db0nul 4s Du0nc.cul <l /cs )*s0s h.s% <n 0sDlbcul sc*h*hsslb* nc/+.u c. Sh sch0h cu cc )*cg+ s*c /ss% cu cc h*s)s dc /s* u3s c h)*b)ss% sh* )*cg+ s*ch h s+ *s/hls.c.c cu cch h hc*u/s0slb* <n cunb4 sn3+ 4s cu h sc*h2s0slb* <n d*hgbs c. PUNCTUL 7 Duhu*slc cclc dbgb*s bh*c c*hu h < dc h)*b)sh c dc 0+*c3sh cch nc0+*gsns +. <nc< b hsss hu chsh* l<ng+ *bn% dc4s cbn snuhu s+ dch dsn h*s)s% ch s+ sc h)*b)sc 4s 0hs 0ul % c+cs cu c< <l cunb4 s 0hs 0ul )c Du0nc.cu% cu h < 0hs 0ul <l db*c4 s: sc 0ss usc dc subs*ch ds/sn+% 4s 0hs /<* bs ccs 0hs h)*b)sh3s% c+cs subs*ch nu dbh* <ng+dusc% cs unc4 c: subcsc 0ul 4s <nc+ 4s 0hs 0ul db*csc. Cu0)1nc4 c"3s hscs% b% su2lc c hl 0cu% nc)+sh*ch: cb0)h*+"3s *+cchlh cu 2bcul hcclh 4s s)unc cu0 dc <nd*+.nc4 s ch% dc un Du0nc.cu ch*c c 2bc 0ss us b*% s+ c h)*b)ss cu h < dc )u3sn+ <n2l+c+*h*cO Khcul +3slc hlc 2b* s2scc"3s sn clcc ul ch s+"& cunb4 s% /bsn3h ch s+"& subc4 s% 4s du)+ cc 0ul % 0hs 0ul 4s 0hs 0ul % c+cs ccch cc nu dbb<ndcsc duhu*slc h*s)h c cu 0+*c3sh lb*% dbb<ndc4 s u cu Dbsnscsh h% dcbh*ccc 3s sc <ng+dusc nu nu0hs s+ s hs <nhsn ch Db0nulus% b1 <nd dsn h*s)s% cs s+"& h sngs cu bu.clc% s+"& dcgu4 s <n gu*+% )<n+ cc"& hducs <nl+un *ul )sc) ulus +u. Dhc+ sc*h2s0slb* ls
67
MCDS0HDSH 15
6'6

PUNCTUL &
#"%cl cc cs c sn/s h lh 0hsh unus )*sncs)c sc g<ndc4 c cu0 s+ sc )*cg+ chsc+% h4h <nc< s+ )bh + 2blbss )*slcDul: nu sc sh u*+ 0hs <nhsn c cu 0<nc+*u*s dc *<nd 4s g*bsblhnc c<nd sc h4 ch) + lh hl clc hlcsc 4s )*c3sbhsc: *+0<nc nc0<nch % h3<3<ndu"4s h)c s ul% 4s 2hcc bh*ccc 0s4ch*c ch s+"4s 2hc+ )b2 + dc 0<nch*c: /snc cu h)+ l+sh +"n gu*+ 4s cu 2bh0c <n *c3snu +% bh chsh* s <*ns + )cn *u cchsul )b *s/s % 0+n<nc+ du)+ )b2 h sns0ss 4s"s chdc bsnc. B% u% ch*c h.s c4 s sn/s h lh ccl 0hs 0h*c bs)+3 hl cclus 0hs 0h*c Mbnh*h% cu0)+nc4 c cu0 hscs b ul <ncc ch.+ h 0hs s dbh* 0h*c% dc/cnsnd sn2sns ? Db0nul ch*c 2hcc )b2 s*ch 4s bs)+3ul <nsu4s? dbh* bhs)c clc c un /sc*0c% 4s bc0hs )cn *u snc sc g+ c4 c bh + sn2sns*ch lus Du0nc.cu ch 0<nch*c. bh + 0+*c3sh Cc*ulus ch bhnchc % c+cs dhc+ P<snch cs c h <ngc*slb*% h*hnh cs c Db0nul <nsu4sQ #snb cu l+un *ul gbl dc bh c ch s+"& )*s0c4 s )c un Du0nc.cu cc u0)lc b ul% nu c ss03s ghs2 us dc cc)clc lu0ss c<nd 0+n<ncs P<snch Cc*ulus% c+cs <n lbc s+"3s dch /sh3+% <3s /h )*scsnus 0bh* ch: /snb s *+sn dc b*scc /sn+ lh bs)+3ul cu *cnu0clc dc "ulu"srch cch !un. Nu c <n2*u) h dsn buch c 2+*+ c+ldu*+. 2ssndc+ s<n su)*hsubs hn3shlc 4s nu 3s"h* c+dch bsnc: cbh) c% dh. lh 2bcul uncs *ug+csuns 2sc*bsn3s% 4s sh h0sn c c+ c/lh/sh c .hh+*ul hccs cs sh/u*bhsc 0<nc+*s dhlbc67. PUNCTUL 7 Lh bs)c3c% sc bbs4nusc4 c ch )lh bu*slc s+ 2sc dcscb)c*s c )c *<nd% )cn *u ch bhs)c3ss s+ )bh + hlcgc du)+ )*c2c*sn3c 4s 0<nch du)+ gus ul 2scc+*ush: c<nd c <ns+ /b*bh dc un bhnchc sb0) ubs lh ch*c sc sc*/csc 2clu*s 0ul c 4s hlcsc% 2scc+*us bhs)c c s sc d+ b lss + h u u*b*h% ch s+ 4 sc cc h*c dc 0<nch 4s s+"4s )+s *c.c h)c s ul )cn *u 2clul )c ch*c 4s"& 4 su ch )c hl lb*% ch*c lc )lhcc ccl 0hs 0ul % ch s+"4s <0)h* + )*c2c*sn3clc 4s s+ sc bucu*c dc bh c cu *bs .
67h
B% u% ch*c c h4c.s h.s lh ncs21*4s ul bhnchc dcs2+ + b* cclcb*h dc )u c*ch Th +lus% *<ndus dc <n3clc)csunch Ksulus% g+ s dc 2bcul Duhulus S2<n Q Sh h0sn c c+ 2clu*slc dc 0<nch*c )*c3sbhsc s<n hcb)c*s c sub hccsdcn c hlc )<snss: /sn+ c*cdsn3h h ch s+ lc hduc+ lh /cdc*c% 4s u s+ lc bbsc*/s% )cn *u ch% 4 ssnd cc hs dc 0<nch % s+ 4 ss cu0 s"b 2hcs <n chs)ul ccl 0hs s.bu s . s sc /h dh b lss + h buch clb* 0s*hculbhsc? Mc"!rsh" kccst "srh!slsu" su!ru"''. Cs c4 c"b cu h cn3sc 4s /cs /cdch c+ .scc? Hscs sc sc*/c4 c un 0scl dc lh) c nc)*sh+ns % 2*+gc.s lh 2bcul d*hgbs cs shlc. B% cc 0<nch*c dclsch +Q Sh + b sns0+ subs bh*c dc su2lc c. B% cc 2cl gus bsQ B ls0b+ ch*c% dc4s dsn ch s./b*+sc 0hn+% lh) c 4s 0sc*c% h 2bs b u4s h0+*< + cu 2sc*c 4s b3c . Hs g*sD+ s+ b 0+n<ncs cu )l+cc*c hlchs+% 4 ssnd c+ nscs 0<snslc 4s )scsbh*clc s *+)unsc dc cusc nu s<n dc lc)+dh : cu0)+nc4 c hs 2cl cc 0+n<ncs 4s <0)h* c"3s c/lh/sh. PUNCTUL 6 Dcs)*c gus u*s% nu <nch)c 0s*h*c% nscs dsscu3sc: unss db*csc un 2cl dc 0<nch*c% hl3ss hl ul: cu h*c db*c4 c dulcch3h cb)sl+*scs lus Ssus% 4s cu h*c h0+*+csunch )h s0slb* shlc: hccs h chu + )s4c+ u*h dss)*c3us*slb*% hcclh sh*ch db/c.slb* lus dc subs*c: 2scch*c du)+ cu0 <s c duhul% 4s hs h ls sc )h*c luc*ul ccl 0hs bun: 4s h4h cu0 cbnsu0h b*ss dc buch c 0h c*shlc .+bb/csc hsu)*h cclb* sh/u*h c% >S+ nu nc g*+bs0"% .sc cs: >s+ *u0cg+0 2+*+ g*hb+% s+ 0cs cc+0 c0csnsc 4s b s+ nc chd+ bsnc": h4h sc <n <0)l+ 4s lh hccs bs)+3 Shc*h0cn hl? unss sc duc cu uccnscul subs lh )sc) ul <n/+3+ b*ulus lb* 4s% ch /ul u*ss% sc <n2*u) + dsn sns0h cch subs bh*c: hl3ss% <0)*cun+ cu Mhgdhlcnh% chu + )scsbh*clc% <n ch*c"4s g+scsc h*hnh s0c*cnscs: unul% cu )*chdulcclc Bc*nh*d 6(% cbhs h s *+)uns+% sh* hl ul% cu S2<n h Cch c*snh% ch)ul <0)uns dc s)sns6B: sc g+sc4 c 4s unul ch*c"s 2u*+ lus Sudh bb*h.ul 2blbss nc/*cdnsc% dh* ch*c nu s"h c+.u bsnc% dcbh*ccc s s"h h)lcch dc *+u h c. #snb lh bs)+3% su2lc c hl 0cu% 4s h*+nc4 c" c cu cc"3s /h 2s )l+c<nd 0hs 0ul % dc4s b ul c bun 4s b ul bsnc 2*+gc.s % h4h <nc<
66 6(
s+ )b3s 0<nch <n dc)lsn+ dcs2+ h*c: 0+n<nc+ )<snch <ngc*slb* ch un <ngc*: 0+n<nc1 h)*ccssnd% ch b )c*sbhn+% sh* nu ch un hns0hl% 2+*+ s+ 0ul3u0c4 s: sh sch0h c+ undc sc h2l+ T*u)ul Db0nulus% hcblb sc hdun+ hc/slclc *cghlc. PUNCTUL ( Bhs)c3ss )lsns dc )l+cc*c *+0<n <n Du*ul 0cscs% c+cs ss0)lh 0ul3u0s*c nu c cch 0hs bun+ )lh +: hccs h lhud+ un 2cl dc 0<nch*c% 4s ccl+lhl hl ul% 2scch*c )b *s/s )lhculus h/u : cu0)+ncsc bcl4ugul% lhud+ )*scc)c*ch lh g+ s % hd0s*+ 2cs snul% 0ul3u0snd )cn *u hccs h 4s bblsg<ndu"& )c Db0nul bs)+3ulus )cn *u <nc+ unul. Su2lc c% hs 0ul c dc )*bsl+/s hscs? lhud+ )c Du0nc.cu% dcbh*ccc )c Du0nc.cu l"hs 0<nch % hdu"s /c4nscc 0ul3u0s*s )cn *u b 0<nch*c sn2sns +: *+0<s <n *ug+csunc% c+cs hs h <nsch0n+ s+ s hs dc /b*b+ lh 0hs+ cu Db0nul bs)+3ulus: )*sn 4 ssn3h dc h"& )*bsl+/s h*h +"3s 0h*ch )l+cc*c )c ch*c hs ss03s "b 0<nc<ndu"&. Dc 2scch*c dh + *cbusc s+ /ss lh 0hsh hcchs h cu unul dsn u*0+ bh*clc g<ndu*s? h.s 0+n<nc sns0h cch gus bhs+ h Msclu4clulus lus Du0nc.cu% hl + dh + )scsbh*clc 4s 0<snslc *+ns c% c+cs chsh* dhc+"& 0+n<ncs <n <n *cgs0c% hs +.s <ns+ cu )b2 + dcbscbs + ch)ul <0)uns dc s)sns% sh* 0<snc cbhs h s *+)uns+% ls0bh h01*< + dc 2sc*c%
<n *uc< 2scch*c hsc0cnch 2cl 0c*s + b"n *chg+ .s 4s chsh* b /c4nscsc <n *chg+.
C2. Luch, 7% 7B"6B.
MCDSTHSH &5
6'5
/+du/+% ch*c nu"4s 0hs Dclc4 c ssngu*+ h ch% cs"4s )*b2c3c4 c 0<n"g<sc*ch: bh c )+s+*slc hccs ch% unclc c<n +% hl clc ugusc lh *+s+*s ul h*s)h ulus Sbh*c Ds/sn cc"hducc 0<ng<sc*ch <n )cnclc lus% u0)l<nd dc lu0sn+ 4s bucu*sc b uns/c*sul. Cugc + cu0 s"h )*cg+ s s2<n ul Ss0cbn ch s+"& )*s0chsc+ )c Db0nul <n b*h3clc shlc dc .suh hcchs h: nu sc s)unc c+ c*h b+ *<n% cs d*c) 4s c0+ b* dc Du0nc.cu% c+cs <n s2<n h"s sluDs*c nu c sbcb c4 s du)+ hns% cs du)+ 0c*s c: cu d*c) cu/<n c0+ b*% 2ssndc+ csnc h*c h"& )*s0s h*c 4s h sc c0c dc cl: b*h3clc nu"s *c0u*+ h < h dc b+ *<nc3c% c< dc s2shl+% db0snh c 2ssndu"s dc cbn4 ssn3h dclsch +. B% 0+*ch3+ *<ndus*cQ S+"& g+.dusc4 s 0hs <nhsn c <n su2lc ul +u )c Duhul S2<n % ch s+ )*s0c4 s h)bs <n b*h3c Cu/<n ul <n *u)h : h hscul h *+s)unsu*slc uncsh dsn *c )c*sbhnclc ds/snc% ch s+ dbb<ndchsc+ h)bs hh <*u*slc cclcslhl c. Cu0)+nc4 c u% su2lc c% ch*c h.s /h s+"& )*s0c4 s )c <nsu4s P*uncul Du0nc.cu% nu <n2+4h <n scu ccc% cs hcb)c*s dc hccsdcn c% cu0 hnu0c *cbusc s+ c )*cg+ c4 s bh + /sh3h% dhc+ s2<n ul Ss0cbn% ch s+ 4s"& hduc+ ccl 0ul lh s<n% s"h <n +*s h <3sh hns <n /s* u3s% sh* u nscs 0+ch* c< c/h cchsu*s ch s+"& sn *bducs <n )sc) ul +u. Cl% )cn *u b ssngu*+ .s% sc )*cg+ c4 c h < ch% sh* u% ch s+"& )*s0c4 s )cn *u h < ch% nu c )*cg+ c4 s nscs 0+ch* b .sO PUNCTUL 7 #sh3h s sc b2slch% dh* n+dcDdch <s *c<n/c*.ch: Cc*ul 4s"h 3snu 2h3+ dc cl cu/<n ul 0hs bsnc dcc< lu0ch )c"hl cs: h hDuns lh c0)lu <n cls)h <n ch*c sc s/ch hu*b*h 4s% dcschs.<ndu"4s bchss bs cns3s dc )l<ns% h *ccunbscu )c Sbh*clc Ds/sn )*sn *c *u0cnclslc <nb0c"ns*ss shlc: nu sc /h 2s 0ul3u0s s+"& )*s/chsc+ b ssngu*+ dh + du)+ cc" & db*ssc dc"h < ch b*s: )*s/ch hcch <nb0cns*c gsngh4+ 4s hd0s*h du0nc.cs*ch: /cdch un cb)sl 0scu3 4s hdb*h un Du0nc.cu sn2sns : /cnc*h un )*unc dc c< c/h .slc% P*sn3ul /c4nscsslb*. Cunbh4 c% su2lc c% c+ hs +.s c ducs s+"& chu3s lh c0)lu )c <nsu4s P*uncul Du0nc.cu: /c.s dhc+ c c+l+u.c4 c Duhul Ds/sn shu dhc+ c ducc bbs4nusn3h: dcschsdc bsnc bchss hsu)*h c*cdsn3cs 4s /cs /cdch b <n *uns*c dc 0snuns <n *"b 0sc+ Bs sc% un Du0nc.cu u*sh4% b subs hn3+ sn2sns + hcb)c*s + dc hccsdcn c: )*s0s"/cs <n *"b <0buc+ u*+ b Cc*ul 4s% )*c2+cu <n )<snch cch dc bh c .slclc% )c Du0nc.cu ccl #c4nsc.
CUMSNCCTBRUL
PUNCTUL 6 S2<n ul b+ *<n nu sc 0hs 0ul3u0c4 c dbh* s+"& /hd+% hn scs)ch.+ <ng+dusn3h cu hh <*ul% schs0b+ c0c*ch <n chldc ss03s*s% d+ dsn "h*s)s c+*un h lcb+d+ cu nc)*sh+ns*c s2<n +% ch s+ sc"h)*b)sc 4s 0hs 0ul : 0hs <nhsn c sc 0ul3u0ch s+"& /hd+% hcu0 /*ch s+"& <0b*+3s4c.c. B *bhg+ )c Kccsbh*+ s+ s"& dch )cn *u b cls)+% lus% ch*c"& db*c4 c b /c4nscsc: cch ch*c sc *bhg+ lh Du0nc.cu )cn *u b3s s"& hcb*d+ 0+*sns0bhs+. L"h luh <n b*h3c% <0b*+3s4<nd hs 2cl b Cc*ul: d*c) ch*c s+ nu )*ch0+*s0 cnsg0h dc h /cdch dbs cb3s dc Cc*% cs dc h /cdch hs +.s b Cc*ul <n dbs cb3s: hcccpst cu" sn ulnhs suhs65. S"h )*cschs0bh )c lbc dsn lcb+d+ <n sc*h2s0% hl c*n<nd lhc*s0s cu )bDh*u*s. Cc <0b*+3s4+*s <s /h 2s dh Q Cc hlsn u*s <s /h 2s s)usQ s )+*<ndu"s"sc c+ nu 0hs h/ch ns0sch dc /+.u % chu + s+ <nchsd+ bchss: nc0hsh/<nd ns0sch dc db*s % cc*c <ng+dusn3+ s+ 0bh*+% dcbh*ccc h"& l+sh dsn b*h3c nu )bh c <nsc0nh dcc< h lc)+dh /sh3h. Su2lc c% *ccunbh4 c"3s <n *"hcchs h 2c*scs*ch 4s <n/h3+ s"b dbb<n"dc4 s: )c <nsu4s C*ss bsul lus Du0nc.cu <l hs cu snc% nu dbh* <n b*h3clc% cs <n *+*unchss +s: nu s *<ns lh s<n% cs chsh* <nl+un *ul )sc) ulus +u: nu 3s sc"ng+dusc% ch lus Ss0cbn% dbh* s+"& hdb*s 4s s+"& s+*u3s% cs s+"& 0+n<ncs% 4s s+"& <nghs3s% 4s s+ c nu *c4 s cu Cl: hcchs h <3s c 2c*scs*ch h% c< + *cbusc s+"3s 2sc 0<ng<sc*ch: hccs h c hh <*ul Du0nc.culus +u% s+ /cdc0 cu0 <3s cs c d*hgbs ch. Cc 0hs )b3s db*s <n /sh3h hcchs h% b dh + cc"hs hDuns s+ c cu0snccsO Rbhg+"3s 0bh* ch <n *u lu0c 4s /sh3h <n *u Du0nc.cu% nu <n ch*nc% cs <n duh% 4s 2sc"3s dc h.s <nhsn c 4s 0hs 0h*c .+bh/h h <n Cc*. PUNCTUL ( S2<n ul Ss0cbn s"h /+.u 2bh* c <ndh b*h )cn *u hh <*ul du0nc.cscsc% dh* cu )u3sn+ /sh3+ ch s+"4s h*h c *ccunb4 sn3h% 4s% <n *uc1 <s ls)scsc )u c*slc ch s+ hduc+ 0ul3u0s*slc cu/cns c% )*c2c*+ s+"4s dch /sh3h. Nu s"h )u u hb3snc s+ )*bsl+/chsc+ 0slbs s/s*slc du0nc.csc4 s 4s lc"h c<n h dusbs ch b lcb+d+
ds/sn+% dcs)+*3sndu"sc dc b cc nu cs c Cc*% dc b cc nu cs c Du0nc.cu% 4s% nc/*<nd s+"4s

65
68
Mcds h3sh nu h*c b su*s+ cunbscu +. CCcc) <nd unclc sugcs ss <ndc)+* h c 2u*ns.h c dc hlcgb*c.h *hds3sbnhl+% sncluss/ unclc ss0sls udsns cu Lhs M!rhdhs $Slh4urslc) hlc S2sn cs Tc*csh dsn ,/slh% clhbb*h*ch ss0bblss scss 4s h 3cs+ u*ss hlcgb*scc <s h)h*3sn lus G*hcs1n 4s *s0s ds*cc lh Crstsc!n l, hlc c+*us )*s0c dbu+ )+*3s lc 4s )ublschsc c<nd h <ncc)u s+ sc*sc Cu"sncct!rul.
MCDSTHSH &'
(9&
Cu0)+nc4 c u% hcu0h% su2lc c hl 0cu% <n ch*c dsn hccs c s+ls *cbusc s+"& )*s0c4 s )c un Db0n )cn *u ch*c h*s)slc hc*u/s0slb* <nsch0n+ )u3sn% *bnul sc*h2s0slb* c 0sc% sh* Cc*ul Cc*u*slb* s *s0 . Bh*c <n *"un sn clcc lu0snh % <n *"b /bsn3+ h)*sns+% <n *"b 0c0b*sc *ccunbsc+ bh*cO C )*ch )u3sn. <n *"un )sc) <n2l+c+*h % <n *+*unchs . <ndusb4h3s% <n *"b sns0+ <nd*+gbs s +O Tbh c s<n ns0sc. Pc b *ch) + h dcs+/<*4s*ss 0ul 0hs <nhl + dcc< cchlhl +% u*c<nd dsn /s* u c <n /s* u cO Ns0sc nu c dc hDuns. Cc /cs 2hcc bh*c h uncsO <n/c4"0<n +" c% cu0 .scc H)bs blul% <n Db0nul <nsu4s% )*chschs0b+" c <n Cl% 4s 2scch*c cb0unsunc 2sc )*cg+ s*c )cn *u cchlhl + PUNCTUL 7 Unss c*cdsncsb4s sc <0)+* +4csc )*s0sndu"& )c Db0nul <n )*s0h shl+% cch dc h*gsn % dh* nu *cc dsncblb dc ch: sc 0ul3u0csc s+ 2sc <n hh*% nu hs)s*+ lh b dcs+/<*4s*c su)c*sbh*+? c <n *u b ul dc0n+ dc )*c3us*c cu*+3sh hcchs h dc cugc % )u*s h ch hcchs h h su2lc ulus% c+cs b sns0+ )bc+s + 4s b+ u + cu lb/s u*s dc )cns cn3h n"h 2bs nscsbdh + nc)l+cu + /cdc*ss lus Du0nc.cu. S *+dusc4 c" c% b% su2lc c hl 0cu% s+ bb3ss <n )*s0ul *<nd hlbs0ch hh*ulus% )u*s h ch Dus s2sc+*ss: s)hl+ )c clc g*c4clslb* cu h)h h*c h lhc*s0slb*: s+ nu *+0<n+ nscs b 0<nDchl+ ch*c s+ )bh + Dsgns bchss )*chcu*h3s hs unus bhs)c c cu *cnu0c dc S2<n . Dh* u% su2lc c% nu c 0ul3u0s cu b hsc0cnch l+*gs0c 0hs 0ul h cugc ulus dcc< h duhulus: c nc/bsc dc 4s 0hs 0ul + cu* cnsc% h < ch c/lh/sc% c< 4s ch dcs+/<*4s*c. PUNCTUL 6 Hl c su2lc c% 0hs h cn c 4s 0hs )u*c% sc )*cg+ csc s+"& )*s0chsc+ )c 0h*clc Rcgc <0)+* +4s <n shlh dc hu* h uncs subs*s h)*snsc? sns0h 2sc 2+u*+*sc unus Du0nc.cu cc /snc s+ h)*snd+ 2bcul% 4s hccs h% 0ss us b* 2ssnd% 0ss ushsc+ nchDunsu*s 4s snccndsc.c sns0s. Su2lc ul ch*c sc cu0sncc+ )*cschs0bh <n *hs 4s% <n *cc<ndu"sc chsh* cu sn2c*nul% s)un+? Tb 0hs 0ul + 4s 0hs 0ul + h*dc*c% b 0hs 0ul + 4s 0hs 0ul + d*hgbs c. Ksc h*c ch 0bh* ch% dusb4sh% 4s <n *ccc*ch d*hgbs cs% nc<ndu*+ bh*c ch sn2c*nul: b 0hs 0ul + 4s 0hs 0ul + bucu*h*c% b 0hs 0ul + 4s 0hs 0ul + 0ss us*c. Cu0)+nc4 c dhc+ l"hs )*s0s )<n+ h.s )c Bhs)c clc hccs h S0cns <n shlh dc hu* h d*hgbs cs dcs+/<*4s c: b)chsc+"sc h uncs <nghc3ul sns0ss hlc: lh /cdc*ch hccs us 2bc <nd*+gbs s % )*c"2hc+"3s"sc"n Dh* dc hu* *+cchlh% h)*snd+"3s"sc /bsn3h% h*d+ h2cc ul 4s s *+lucchsc+ b ss03s*c sn cns+ 0cns + lus Ssus ccl <0)+* +4s . PUNCTUL ( Nscs h < h nu c dc hDuns% su2lc ul *cbusc s+ 0ch*g+ 0hs dc)h* c 4s s+"& g+.dushsc+ )c Db0nul <n shlh dc )sc *c scu0)c 4s% dhc+ h* 2s cu )u sn3+% dc s clc% s0+l3usnd hu*ul 0slcs cu bh c cclclhl c /s* u3s. Unclc su2lc c <l )*s0csc )c Db0nul <n *c dsh0hn clc s *+lucs bh*c hlc +*scs su2lc c4 s% cu g<ndul ncclsn s ch 0hs dcg*hb+ s+ 0bh*+ dcc< s+ cb0s + cu bun+ 4 ssn3+ ccl 0hs 0sc )+ch : <n *c s0h*hldc hlc s)c*hn3cs 4s *+bd+*ss% nu
dbh*<ndu*<nd *cs *s4 slc cu *csc0nh*c% cs cu bucu*sc 4s cu 0<ng<sc*c: <n *c b)h.clc chnbnulus <n bh c cclc 4s b*sc<nd: <n *c 0+*g+*s h*clc clh*c hlc )u*s +3ss hngclscc: <n *c g*hnh3ss s *+lucs b*s hs cclcs 0hs 0h*s slh/c h lus Du0nc.cu: <n *c *ubsnclc h)*snsc hlc s+/<*4s*ss dbh* h ccch cc"s dcs+/<*4s : <n *c )s*b)ss lucs b*s dc/cns3s 2lhc+*+ ch sc*h2s0s% nccbn cnsnd /*cbdh + s+ n+.ushsc+ lh 0hs 0ul + d*hgbs c% lh 0hs 0ul + cunb4 sn3+. B% dhc+ u. su2lc c hl 0cu% l"hs )*s0s <n shlh hcchs h 4s cu hsc0cnch dcs+/<*4s*c% cb/<*4s dc /s* u3s% )lsn dc db/c.s dc subs*c% )c dc"h"n *cgul <ndu0nc.cs 4s <nnbs <n *u Db0nulQ H0sn.
6'
hduc h0sn c dc h*hnh 0h c*shl+: 3sn <nhsn c *cs .slc dc )bs ch s+ sh/u*c.c cu 4s 0hs 0h*c )l+cc*c 0<nch*ch 0s*hculbhs+: 2sc"s 2bh0ch 2*+gc.s*c% sn *c"n s b0hcu*s cu*h c clsbc*h c dc hls0cn clc )+0<n c4 s: Db0nul lc <n sndc 0hsh <n *"b )us sc% nscsdccu0 <n . .h*/h )sc3clb*. Sh h0sn c% su2lc c% c+ dhc+ )cn *u )<snch hccch 0s*hculbhs+ h 2bs nc/bsc dc bh + hcchs + )*cg+ s*c% c< + bh*c /h *cbus ch s+ )b3s hDungc s+ 0+n<ncs )<snch cbbb*< + dsn Cc*% )<snch su)*h"subs hn3shl+O P*c0ch*g+ hb3snc*ch dc lh Dbsnscclc 0<nc+*u*s lu0c4 s% ch s+ c ducs cu gu*h 2ccsb*clnsc+% cu )<n ccclc slbbbd: cCc*cs h*ch /s* u3slb*% bs cnchlh chnbnulus dcschsd+"3s )b2 h: *cbusc 0ul + *c *hgc*c dsn *c bh0cns ch s+ gu4 s )<snch <ngc*slb*: csnc h*c h"& 0<nch )c Du0nc.cu s+ sc <n *c3sn+ cu Du0nc.cu. T*cbusc s+ /ss cu bh + hcchs + )*cg+ s*c ch s+ hs )h* c dc )<snch ds/sn+% s)*c 0h*ch bucu*sc h duhulus +u% s)*c 2blbsul su2lc ulus +u. PUNCTUL 7 H*c g*sD+ Db0nul dc ccs cc n"hu g*sD+ dc cs% lc )unc lh"ncc*"ch*c c*cdsn3h 4s lc <ncununch.+ <nc*cdc*ch: du)+ cc lc d+ <n )*s0ul *<nd h*hnh su2lc ulus sub 2b*0+ dc <n/+3+ u*+% sc g*+bc4 c cu cch h *u)ulus sub 2b*0+ dc 0<nch*c 4s csnc"s chs/c*nssc4 c )c ccs 0hs u0sls /sc*0s4b*s hs )+0<n ulus nu"s /h us h )c 2sss 0+*un hsclb* shlc: sc cbnsul + cu H)bs blss% sluDs b*s hs 0cscs% dss *sbus b*s hs hh*ulus s+u. S"h g+ss un cb)sl ch*c h/ch csncs )<sns 4s dbs )c4 s: cb)sl *cbush s+ 2sc% )cn *u c+ ss)s h l+cb0scs c )c"h < dc nb/scc% )c c< dc /c c*hn+ cs c cch h /hns +3ss: /h 2s 2bs )*c/cdc*ch /*cunus uccnsc )cn *u <n/+3+ b*ul cc*csc% ch*c nu hd0s c hl 2cs sn dcc< b )<snc dc b*. 4s b chs/c*nssc4 c cu h < h 0+*sns0sc u u*b* c*ch u*slb* shlc. Cu0)+nc4 c% b% su2lc c% s+ nu c cbs c 4s )c snc c< )c hcc4 sh 0hnh cc*chsc+: nu )lcch*ch <n )us ss% nu *ud+ 4s n+du4chl+% c+cs b hs )*c u sndcns: dhc+ )<snch hcchs h h* *cbus <ns+ cu0)+*h +% s+ nc s)un+ S2<n ul Ksls) c< h* cbs h% dh* nu b cu0)c*s )l+ snd"b <n duch3s% cs <n ss03s*s 4s db*u*s% c <0)+*3s + )c g*h ss: cunbh4 c"3s 4s )*c3usc4 c"3s 2c*scs*ch% dcbh*ccc Db0nul c bs)+ ch.+ nu dbh* cu )<snc% cs cu <nsu4s T*u)ul 4s S<ngclc s+u% ch*c s<n dcs2+ h*ch *cgslb*.
MCDS0HDSH 1; 403
PUNCTUL 6 Db0nul s + ch <n 0sDlbcul c<0)sslb*% <ncbnDu*h dc ncs2<*4s h 0ul3s0c dc bh0cns% dc/cnsnd ccn *u hl <nc*cdc*ss 4s 3sn + h )*s/s*ss lb*. Lc )b*uncc4 c H)bs blslb* s+"s <ndc0nc s+ 4hd+% s)*c h 0<nch <n b*dsnc 4s shn+% 4s hnu0c )c 2sn% nu h < )cn *u cb0bds h c% c< )cn *u h)+*h*ch 4ub*c.cnscs b0cnc4 s: sh b )<snc <n 0<n+ 4s"4s h3sn c4 c bchss lh cc*% <n/+3<ndu"nc s+ *ccunbh4 c0 c+ b bsnclc nc /snc dc hcblb: <s d+ bsnccu/<n h*ch% b 2*<ngc 4s ch sc <n0ul3c4 c cu 0sslc: 0<snslc lus )+*chu dbu+ s./bh*c )c*cnc dc )<snc% h4h <nc< 0<snslc H)bs blslb* nu )*sdsdchu s+ b <0)h* + )c bh + c< + sc4ch dsn *"<nsclc. P<snch c*h 0snunh +% *cbusc s+ 2s 2bs nu0hs bsnc cbh) +. Cu cc )b2 + b /b* 2s 0<nch bhs)c3ss hccsh 2l+0<n.s% )c c< dc us0s3s dc )*bdsgsu% )c"h < dc <nc<n h3s dc 2cs snQ <nchs)usc4 c"3s c+ h.s c sn/s + hcclh4s Db0n% <n 0sDlbcul c<0)sslb* Bssc*scss% 4s c+% <n ncs2<*4s h 0ul3s0c dc c*cdsncsb4s% hDungs s+ c <n2*u)3s dsn )<snch 0s*hculbhs+. Cu0)+nc4 c cu c< 0hs dclscsbhs+ 4s 0hs sh/u*bhs+ c cch )c ch*c b 0+n<ncs% c+cs dhc+ hccch h sc4s dsn 0<snslc lus C*ss bs% <n hcchs h s<n cbn3snu c <nsc4s 0<snslc lus 2+c+ bh*c dc 0snuns: cs 0<nchu )<snch Db0nulus% u 0s 3s"& 0+n<ncs )c Db0nul )<snss: cs 0<nchu )<snch dsn 0<snslc lus% sh* u 0+n<ncs 0<snslc hcclcs )<sns: 0+n<nc"b cu )b2 +% c+cs 3s sc d+*usc cu subs*c: )*s0c4 c"b dcscb*s% c+cs 3s sc"0)+* +4c4 c dsn bcl4ug 4s% dhc+ hs 0<nch <nc<n h b <0buc+ u*+ dsn )<snch hccch 0s*hculbhs+% bucu*+" c dc hcchs h%
cu h < 0hs sh/u*bhs+% cu c< h*c bh + gus dc Du0nc.cu. PUNCTUL ( Hu *+0hs h < dc *ccunbsc+ b*s bhs)c3ss ccs )c dc)lsn sh ss2+cu3s% <nc< hu /*u s+"& <nhl3c )c C*ss bs d*c) *cgc hl lb*% c+cs unb* 2h) c h < dc su/c*hnc lc cb*cs)und 0ul3u0s*s )*chsu)usc: <l cunbscusc*+ <nhsn c ch dbc b*% hcu0 4s"& *ccunbsc d*c) )+*sn c% cu chsh )lsn+ dc )<snc: ls s"h )+*u c+ sc n+scusc ch s+ lc 2sc db0ns b*% 4s nu sc <n4clhu% 2ssndc+ nu sc /h g+ss hl ul% nscs cu 0<sns 0hs dh*nscc% nscs cu sns0+ 0hs 0h*c. Su2lc c% cc *ccunb4 sn3+ h*+3s u unus Db0n ch*c c"h hssgu*h hs 2cl cu 0<nch*c nu )cn *u b ssngu*+ .s% cs )cn *u bh + /sh3h hO Dc c< c b*s l"hs cunbscu ch dbc b*O Dc c< c b*s 3s l"hs dcscb)c*s ch h +O
404 CUMSNCCTBRUL

PUNCTUL & lh h0sn c cu0 0hs <n <s h 0u h dsn lbc 2+lcslc unus lcu% )cn *u ch 0hs h)bs s+"s g+schsc+ <n gu*+ 2hgu*clc ccl gus bs% c+cs c nc/bsc ch 0hs <nhsn c s+ <n/sngs g*cu +3slc% )cn *u ch 0hs h)bs s+ culcgs *bdul /sc b*sslb*: hs)*s0ch chnbnulus s"h )*cschs0bh <n dulcch3h *+s)l+3ss% <n *uc< h4h sc"n <0)l+ .slnsc <n cCc*cs h*ch /s* u3slb*: *+bdh*ch sc cbn/c* c4 c <n lsns4 c% )l<nsul <n *<s% 0<hns"*ch <n 0<ng<sc*c% )bs ul <n s+n+ h c *u)chsc+ 4s su2lc chsc+% 4s bh c cclclhl c /s* u3s ch*c )+*chu lcs s"hu h*+ h % du)+ cc hu hDuns s+ )bh + 2s gus h c% 2hgu*s sh/u*h4s. Dh* cc bsnc s"h )*cg+ s Sh0sbn ch s+ c<4 sgc )*c0sulQ Cc cu*hDbs <n lu) +Q Cc scu0) lh /b*bc <n 2h) h /s cDchsc+Q Cc 0+*sns0bs cu h/u3sh g+ss +Q Mc*s + )c bun+ d*c) h c s+ dbb<ndchsc+ dulcc3u*s. <n3clcgc% su2lc c% c+ dhc+ hs +.s hs h c bucu*h dc 2hgu*clc du0nc.cscsc% cu c< 0hs 0s*hculbs% cu h < 0hs gus bs% h* bs <ngc*csc 4s 2hgu*c h*+ bs(& )*cg+ s dc hlbsnclc Cc*ulus% )+s *h <n cch*+ nc<ncc)u +% hlcs dsn *c 0ss% culcs dsn 2lb*slc /s* u3slb*% c+cs 0hs <n <s *cbusc s+ 2ss gh h h lu) h dc"h d*c) ul cu lcs% s+ 0u3s dsn lbc 2+lcslc /scsulus"*cgc% )*ccu0)+ns b* <n snc 4s ch*c dc"h < ch b*s c"h ul *hgsh . PUNCTUL 7 Ksh*h <ncb*bnh + <l h hc+ lh d*u0ul )c ch*c lh4ss dc bbsccs sc <n2*scb4ch.+% 2+c<nd chlc <n bh*s+ dc lh cclc <ncc)u c% dh* Nh.h*s"
(7
#CEn c0)l+ c< dc 2slb s0(( hccc) + h.s Db0nul bs)+3ul unus lc)*bs% ch s+ b /sndccc )c b )+c+ bhs+ /s ch.+: nu sc ducc h *hs dc 0<nc+*u*slc gus bhsc% cs <nsc h dc lhc*s0slc"s h0h*c: Cl c bhs)c clc 4s Mhgdhlcnh c sn/s h h lus: dc <ndh + cc &"h cunbscu )c Db0nul% s"h cunbscu )c ch <ns+4s% 0+*c3sh lus 4s Dbsnscsh cs% d*hgbs ch lus 4s *+cchlh cs: h cb0)h*h bun+ h ch ds/sn+ cu sng*h s udsnch cs b0cnchsc+% 4s ch% ch*c hdb*h s+ 2sc db*s +% du)+ cc cunbh4 c subs*ch cch 2+*+ dc s2<*4s % s sc hbhndbnch.+. H cc*cc h undc sc h2lh 0hgnc ul ds/sn hl g*c4clslb* cs: nu"s )hs+ dc cc"h* s)unc bh0cnss% nu0hs Du0nc.cu s+ nu s)un+: sc dc.b*hc+ dc /c40sn clc"s dc ghl+ )*b2hnc 4s"4s )unc hhsnh Cc*ulus% ch*c c s blh nc0u*s bh*c: 4s h4h% *+ns + dc d*hgbs c 4s /ulnc*h + dc du*c*c% .bbh*+ <n c+u h*ch subs b*ulus cs subs 4s"4s )lbcbnc4 c )cnclc 0<nd*c sub +l)slc du0nc.csc4 s.
(6
MCDS0HDSH 21
407
dc c< c lc Dsgnssc: sc dc/b ch.+ )c dc"h"n *cgul subs ulus cs% bc0hs ch% ch*c s sc *c2u.hsc )c dc"h"n *cgul: c cbnccn *h + <n <n *cgs0c hsu)*h lus% cu bh c 2hcul +3slc 4s ss03u*slc cs 4s <nc+ 0hs /<* bs cu sns0h: <s schld+ )scsbh*clc cu cclc dbu+ s./bh*c hlc bchslb* 4s s lc sbh*bc cu h0<ndbu+ bu.clc: cu 0<snslc"s hlbc lc s *<ngc 4s cu )+*ul cs b+lhs s lc 4 c*gc% )cn *u h sc cbnshc*h bh h lus Du0nc.cu% ch% ch*c sc )<ng+*ssc bh +. Cu0)+nc4 c% b% u% ch*c c"hs cu0sncch % 0hs 0h*ch h 2c*scs*c 4s 0c*s ul +u 0hs 0sc% c+cs dhc+ Mhgdhlcnh hDungc s+ hsb+ )h* c dc )scsbh*clc lus C*ss bs% u% s+ c bucu*s dc cl <n <n *cgs0c: dhc+ ch s+"& s+*u c% u s+"& 0+n<ncs: nu dbh* <s s *<ngs )scsbh*clc <n b*h3c% cs *+*unchss <n *+*unchs: ch <s b2c*+ lhc*s0slc cs% Db0nul <3s d+ 3sc s+"s bcs s<ngclc: ch <l usuc+ cu )+*ul cs% u cu bhsc*clc sns0ss hlc: dhch ch <l h)uc+% u <l <nchs.s <n snc? 2blbsc4 c"3s% h4hdh*% b su2lc ul 4s bh c 2hcul +3slc ch s+"& sluDc4 s 4s s+"& hdb*s <n .suh"n ch*c <l )*s0c4 s. PUNCTUL ( Kh*sscul c*s sc+ cc 2+cch Mhgdhlcnh% nu cc 2+cusc% dcbh*ccc lu0ch c )*bcu*b* hl /s* u3ss 4s h/bch hl /scsulus. Cu hl3s bchs b )*s/c4 c Db0nul% b hl ds2c*s3s dc"hs bh0cnslb*? <ncc)c s+ *clh c.c sluDs*slc Mhgdhlcncs% sublsnssnd b0sssunslc lus Ss0bn? >Tu% .scc cl% n"hs bsnc/bs sh 0+ s+*u3s )c 2h3+% ch <ns+ n"h cbn cns <n b hccs s0) s+"0s hdb*c +l)slc: u nu 0s"hs dh h)+ dc s)+lh % ch <ns+ dsn bchss cs 0s"h u*nh "b: n"hs *sss)s nscs b )sc+ u*+ dc un dclc0n )cn *u ch)ul 0cu% ch <ns+ 0s"h /+*sh )c )scsbh*c ccl 0hs scu0) bhlsh0: n"hs dcs)+ u*s un )*bsb) ch s+ 0+ 4 c*gs )c 0<sns% ch <ns+ 0s"h 4 c*s )scsbh*clc cu sculul )*c3sbs hl )+*ulus cs b+lhs." Hscul +% su2lc c% cc"3s s)unc 4s 3sc <nc+ b dh + hcclh4s Db0n% h.s% c<nd l"hs g+.dus nu dbh* <n chsh% cs <n )sc) ul +u. >Su2lc c% nu 0s"hs dh nscs b s+*u h*c dc )hcc% <n schs0b h < ch dc *+.bbs )*sn )+ch clc hlc: n"hs /+*sh b lhc*s0+ dc <ndusb4h*c% )c c<nd cu c schld <n s<ngclc 0cu. Cc )u3sn+ 0s*chs0+ dc /s* u3s *+s)<ndc4 s% dh* cc nc)+s+ b*% cc .g<*cs 4s cc g*bsblhn c"hs )u* h Q" P*c"schs0b+"3s 0cschsn+*sslc <n *ccunb4 sn3c 4s% dc /*c0c cc"b <n *ccs )c Mhgdhlcnh <n hh <*% chu + s"b cghlc.s <n d*hgbs c. Hscul + cc"3s s)unc C*ss bs? >Mc*gs <n )hcc% dc /*c0c cc <n 0slh 0cu% )*c3u"snd"b ch 0hs"nhsn c )sc*du +"% 4s u *+s)undc"s? >Du0nc.cul 0cu 4s Db0nul 0cu% 0hs dcg*hb+ s+ )sc*d b 0sc dc /sc3s dcc< s+ c 0hs su)+* <nc+ b dh +."
MCDSTHSH 77 (9'

(B
ch s+"s sh 0hs u4b* u*0h: lch)+d+ cbDbcclul 4s% gbl% sc ch3+*+ <n *"un cb)hc% undc% h4c.h <n lbcul ccl 0hs <nhl % <4s <n sndc b*h3clc )c dbu+ c*cngs% sc h <*n+ dc clc 4s sc 3snc cu 0h*c su2c*sn3+: <ncc)c s+ b chc0c cu s *sg+ c )+ *un.+ bh*c 4s chsh* cu lhc*s0s: Cc*ul <l hudc 0ul3u0s + c/lh/scs lus% bs3h 2hcc <ns+ )c su*dh <n <nc+)+3<nh*ch cs% dh*% /hs% sh +"& <nclsn<nd ch)ul% <n *uc< /cdc c+ nu )bh c /b*bs% s)*c h"s 2hcc sc0n% c+cs 0hs dcg*hb+ 4s"h* dh /sh3h dcc< s+ n"b 0hs chc0c 4s% nc0ul3u0s cu h < h% <ng+dusc s+ s sc s)sn ccc )sc) ul 4s"4s h*h + )cn *u ch 0+*un hsclc subs bh*c. Su2lc c% bhsc )sc*du +% c< /h 0hs 3snc hs)*s0ch sns0ss hlcO Rccunbh4 c"& )c Ds/snul +u P+s b* 4s d+"3s sch0h c< <l cbs +: )cn *u snc 4s"h )+*+ss cc*ul 4s h cbbb*< <n lu0c% h n+du4s cu s<ngc% bscclc s"
hu s2<4sh s)snh*ch 4s s)snss <0)lclc: s"h <0)b/+*h cu c*ucch 4s s"h )*+/+ls sub ch% h u*ch Gblgb h% s"hu *hs lh sb*3s c+0h4h% s"h c+3+*h gbl <n )b0ul /sndcc+*ss hlc 4s hcblb 4s"h dcs2+cu b*h3clc <n l+ u*s. Nu"& hu.s bh*c cu0 2lusc*+ du)+ snc cu sus)snc 4s lhc*s0sO Us c cu0 <4s <nclsn+ ch)ul% s +*usnd s+ c chc0c: <4s s)sn cc+ cbhs h 4s"3s b2c*+ *+*unchss lus? s2<*4c4 c bdh + 4s )+*+sc4 c"3s dcs2+ +*slc Dbsnscc hlc )+0<n ulus dcc+.u 4s c /cs bucu*h dc nu *c3u*slc gus bhsc hlc Hl h*ulus% ch*c cs c *hsul Bssc*scss. PUNCTUL 6 G+ss +% bhsh <l *chducc )c P+s b*ul cs ccl Bun dc lh 0bh* c lh /sh3+. Cu c< + )l+cc*c b )*s0c4 c <n b*h3clc lus% b dchunh dcschssc )cn *u chQ N"b cch* + su)+*h % cs b 0<ng<sc cu 0sl+ 4s% scb3<nd dsn s<n )<snch cch gus bhs+% b )b2 c4 c cu 0<nh lus 4s"b bs)+ ch.+ cu d*ch) h: b 0u + dsn b*h3c )c u0c*ss lus ch*c% dhc+ <nhsn c <s c*hu ss b/s3s dc )b/h*h /snb/+3sslb*% hcu0h s<n u4u*h3s dc sh*csnh cch scu0)+% b cbnducc <n s <nh cch ssgu*+% b hl+ u*+ cclb*lhl c nbu+.ccs 4s nbu+. Cc bucu*bs 0c*gc Cl cu ch 4s cc 2c*scs + ch cu Cl% bch+snd 4s .sc<nd? >Subs ul 0cu cu 0snc% 4s cu cu Cl bh + 4s cu bh + sns0hQ" Sh h0sn c h.s% su2lc c hl 0cu% bc*b s dc P+s b*ul Ds/sn% <n/cls <n cbDbcul 4s bs)+ h dc 0<nh lus cu P<snch Cc*ulus% c+ cl cs c P+s b*ul 4s h*hnh h: sh )<snch dsn 0<nh lus 4s 0+n<nc+"s 4s 0<nh: cu s<ngclc lus c"h *+scu0)+*h % cu s<ngc c nu *c4 c: Cl c )bh* + )c u0c*s% u )bh* +"& <n )sc) ul +u: Cl <4s c*cs ch.+ cbhs h% u
MCDSTHSH 76 (&&
)unc"& chsh* <n *+*unchss +s: 0+n<nc+ cu )l+cc*c )<snch hcchs h cc"h cbbb*< dsn ssnul Th +lus% )h4 c"b <nc+ b dh + 4s /cs h2lh dcbscbs*ch dsn *c b hsc0cnch h*hn+ h <ngc*slb* 4s b 0<nch*c )cn *u hns0hlc. PUNCTUL ( Bs3h g+ss + u0bl+ bch+snd 4s% hduc<nd 0ul3u0s*s bunulus cs P+s b*% <s )*bclh0+ cu bch+s u*s hh <*u*slc? >B% subs c P+s b*% s)unc ch% c< <3s s<n dc <ndh b*h +% csnc c"h* )u ch *+s)l+ sQ Hl3s )+s b*s <4s 0+n<nc+ bslc% )c c<nd% <n ccch cc 0+ )*s/c4 c% <l 0+"n<nc cu <ns+0s )c P+s b*ul 0cu: cs 4s lc und ch s+ sc <0b*hcc cs <n4s4s% )c c<nd Tu c dcs)bs ch s+ 0+ <0b*hcs )c 0snc: cs 4s lc Du)bhsc% )c c<nd Tu c4 s b b *hn+ ch s+ 0+ <ng*sDc4 s )c 0snc: cs 4s lc csb0+gcsc% sh* u 0+ shl3s )c u0c*ss +s: cs lc blbgcsc. 4s Tu 0+ /sndccs: cs lc h*unc+ dc )c s <ncs% 4s Tu 0+ )b*3s <n s)snh*c." Cc 0ul3u0s*s s+"3s hduc% Dbh0nc% )cn *u h < ch 0slbs s/s*sO R+s)und+ hh <*u*slc 0clc hh <*u*slb* hlc% c<n h"/bs /c4nsc b c<n h*c nbu+% unsndu"0s bch+sclslc cu cclc hlc u*0clb* cc*c4 s ch*c c lhud+ 4s c )*ch0+*csc <n b3s /ccss /ccslb*. H0sn.

(A
)*c3sbhs+% 2ssndc+ bchss *cgclus s<n dc)*sn4s cu bbg+3sc 0h*c. Bhs)c3ss hcc4 sh /sn% h4hdh*% cu nbbsl+ g+ chl+% ch s+ 2sc )*s0s3s cu csns s*c hlchs+. Su2lc c% h.s c4 s sn/s h dc ccl 0hs 0h*c Rcgc lh bs)+3ul ccl 0hs 0h*c: cu0)+nc4 c dccs bblsgh3sh dc h c <0)bdbbs: )*ch )u3sn <nsch0n+ s+ /ss dbh* <ng*sDs % ch + s+ 2ss <0b*+ch s+*b+ b*c4 c: nu hDungc s+ /ss ncduhnsnd h )+ch c% cs *+s)<ndsnd 0s*chs0+ dc /s* u3s: nu hDungc b*scc g+ chl+% c+cs bchss du0nc.csc4 s s<h bbs4nus3s cu <0)bdbbs*ch <ngc*slb*. Plchc+% dh*% cu dschss dc s2sn3cnsc% ch s+ 4c.s cu 0+*ch3+ cu/ssn3+ lh 0hsh *cgchsc+. PUNCTUL 7 C<nd b3s c*hu )*cg+ s3s du)+ *<ndushl+ 4s g+ s3s s+*b+ b*c4 c% h cu c.h hl ul% cu b ul hnh)bdh% s+ h)h*+ <n *c d<n4ss 2+*+ hhsnh dc nun +% )c c< dc nc<0)bdbbs % )c"h < dc ncbb*+.h % c+cs cu*hDul sc+lb4scs c nc*u4snh*ch% cu 2h3h <ng+lh + 4s ncs)+lh )c 0<sns% duhnsnd h nccu*+3cnsc Dbsnsc+: sn *+"n shlh cc s0s + un Cc*% cu b h < h ncss03s*c dsn )h* ch"s% c< + su)+*h*c dsn )h* ch cclb*lhl3s: sc /<*+ cb*bul )*sn *c lcbcdclc nsnsc: cs. chnds.s% nu"
s s)un ns0sch 4s% 0hs 0ul % h2l<ndu"sc"n chs+ s *+sn+% nu"s 2hc 0us *h*c nscs s +)<nulus cs. H c*c.u )*bs c4 c c+ *cgclc n"h*c s+"& .+*chsc+ dsn chu.+ c+ sc h2lh du)+ )c*dch% shu c+% 0slbs s/% sc /h )*c2hcc ch 4s"n hl c dh3s c+ nu"& /cdc% dh* s"h <n4clh % c+cs Dsgns*s h < dc 2+3s4c% b2cnsc h < dc s2*un h c nu sch)+ nc)cdc)ss c% 2sc 4s nu0hs dc d*hgul <n/+3+*ss dc 0sn c. Cu0)+nc4 c u% cu <n2*scb4h*c% b nccu/ssn3+ h < dc u*< +% 4s nu dsn )h* ch hl ush% cs dsn h h <nsu3s: <nchs)usc4 c"3s cu3s ul hscu3s lh g< ul +u: c<nd *cbusc s+ c h4c.s lh 0hsh hccs us su/c*hn% nu /cns <0b*+ch <n )h s0slc hlc% nu c h)*b)sh duhnsnd h /sns: )*s/c4 c" c <n <s <n bglsndh cclb*lhl3s% <n lucsul unus cCh0cn ncc*u3+ b*: db/cdc4 c"3s 3sc <nsu3s c+ c4 s b0: nu s h lsns4 s lh g<ndul c+ *cgclc +u s + du)+ )c*dchuh hccsdcn clb*% c+cs sc hscundc ch sb3ul du)+ )h*h/hnclc dsss0ul+*ss% du)+ s b*u*slc bbscc3scs shlc. PUNCTUL 6 Sc ss03chu cu b3ss <n lh*gul lb*% db*nscs s+ sc bs)+ c.c dsn buch clc dcs2+ + bh*c hlc 0cscs *cgc4 s% c<nd h sn *h chsh* *cgclc <n )c*sbhn+% c+cs nu <nc*cdsn3ch.+ hl b* bchs cbn *blul 0cscs. Du)+ cc"s *ccunbscu )c b3s bhs)c3ss% unul c< c unul% <l dsbus nu0hs"dcc< )c ccl cc sc4ch <n c/sdcn3+ )*sn nc)b *s/s*c: c*h Dsgns dc 2clul lus sc<*bbs 4s 0hs hlcs bb*h.nsc% dh*% s +)<nsndu"4s sndsgnh*ch cu hDu b*ul bun+ +3ss? >P*sc cnc% s)unc cl% cu0 hs sn *h hscsO TuO s hscsO s 2+*+ hhsn+ dc nun +O" S s"h hd*csh cu >)*sc cnc"% hsc"0usndu"& cu )*s0ul *+d+ b* ch*c h )*b2hnh 0hsh. Nc2c*scs ul n"h h/u cc *+s)undc% db/cds 2+*+ )u sn3+ dc +ghd+% c+cs <4s 0+n<nc+ Dudcch h csnc 2+*+ dc ch 0+n<nc+ lh 0hsh hcchs h? h < Dudcc+ b*ul% c< 4s Dudcch h 2ssnd hscs: nu c nc/bsc dc hl c db/c.s? ch un *+snc chdc scn sn3h dc h 2s dh h2h*+% ls)ss 2ssnd hs 2cl dc chs)ul ccl du0nc.cscsc% cch 0hs du*c*bhs+ )cdch)s+: h 2bs h*unch % ch *+u /+.u cc c*h. <n bc.nclc dc"h2h*+. B% u% ch*c 4c.s lh 0hsh Hl h*ulus% )*s/c4 c% sh h0sn c% nu cu0/h s+ )+3c4 s hsc0cnch ncnb*bcs*cQ Hscul + cc s)unc Rcgclc du0nc.cscsc c<nd 3s sc hd*csch.+? >P*sc cnc% cu0 dc hs <nd*+.ns s+ sn *s hscsO Tu% )+c+ bsulc nc/*cdnscO Tu% 4s <nc+ hscs% <n shlh cu*+3scs <nsc4sO <n ccn *ul s2sn3cnscsO Undc 3s"c )bdbhbh /s* u3slb*O Undc 3s"hs l+sh /c40<n ul hh*ulusO Cc .scsO Cc *+s)un.sO s u h0u3c4 sO" B% cc ulbu*h c"hs )b0cns cu dbu+ *cs *s4 s% dc.bnbh*ch 4s 2bh0chQ Scbh c )*sn u*0h*c dc hscs b bsnc/cns + <n/+3+ u*+ 4s"b ch0+ )lsn+ dc *cs)cc : g+sc4 c 0h*c <n.cs *h*c dc hh*. ch s+ nu ch.s <n cch 0hs 0h*c ds.g*h3sc h lus. PUNCTUL ( Cc bucu*b4s /b* 2s *+0hs ccslhl3s dc 2c*scs*ch lb*% /+.<nd ncch.ul ccluslhl Q Cu0 <4s /b* 2s *sdsch b*h3clc lh Cc* c<nd lc"hu /+.u lcgh c )c"hlc nc2c*scs ulusQ #b* 2s hdus <ndbs c 0ul3u0s*s *cgclus% dc bs)+3 <ndcs ulh3s 4s nb*bcb4s. Cu0 <l /b* 2s l+udh cs dhc+ l"hu /+.u )c ccl+lhl c+ h0u3c4 cQ s"hu dcs2+cu bu.clc"n *u )*ch0+*s*c du)+ cc 0hs"nhsn c )cn *u 2cs sn. Hs g*sD+% dh*% s+ hducs 0ul3u0s*s Db0nulus ch*c c 3snc hs 2cl <n 0<snslc lus: sh sch0h c+ sb*3ss +s s<n <n *"hlc lus: nu h0u3s /snb/h : sc* h % lhud+"& )c Du0nc.cu% dhc+"3s )*c3usc4 s nb*bcs*slc% 2ss *ccunbsc+ b* )cn *u 0slbs cnsslc lus: <ncununch.+"s 0hsh ch l+s h* dc )hcc: s+ nu /sn+ sc*u0s*slc )cdc)scs 2ulgc*h c: c<n + dc bsnc bs)+ h : lhud+"&% <ndcs ulh % )c un Db0n cc 3s"h <ng+dus s+"nchcs sc*bh*ch"n )hcc 4s c"h s+ u*h cu 2lbh*ch 2+snss.
CUMSNCCTBRUL
(5
C2. SS Rc#s HSh0ucsP% '%&"&6. <n cC ? Msss!!scL Mc2sbb4c ;shu Mc*sbbhhl% >Mc2sbb4c " 2ssnd b hl c*h*c dc)*ccsh s/+ h lus%Mc*sbbhhl"% ch*c <nsch0n+ >Bhhl c un c*bu"E c*h 2sul lus Sbnh hn >ccl 4chsb) dc )scsbh*c"% 2sul ccl 0h*c hl *cgclus Shul 4s )*sc cnul ccl 0hs bun hl lus Dh/sd% )c ch*c <l h)+*+ dc 0<nsh h +lus s+u. Mc2sbb4c % ul s0 dcsccndcn dsn chsh lus Shul% sc /cdc *c)us <n bh c d*c) u*slc dc c+ *c Dh/sd? >C*h blbg. T*+sh <n Sc*ushls0 4s 0<nch b dchunh lh 0hsh *cgclus." Dh* >ccl 0hs 0h*c )*sgbns b* )c ch*c &"h h/u Dh/sd"% cu0 s)unc G*hcs1n% nu c*h Sbnh hn% cs h +l hccs ush% Shul. MCDSTHSH 7(
(&B
PUNCTUL 7 Mc2sbb4c sc s *+dusc4 c s+ sc <0)bdbbchsc+ s)*c h sc )u ch <n2+3s4h *cgclus: <4s hscundc nchDunsu*slc sub g+ cls: nu sc ducc sc<*bbs% ch s+ nu dublc.c Dsgns*ch% cs ds0)b *s/+% <0b*+ch s+*b+ b*c4 c% ch s+"4s +snushsc+ dc2cc clc. Cu c< + s2shl+ /h 2s sn *h <n )hlh Q Cc u0sl sc /h 2s )*bs c*nh lh )scsbh*clc *cgc4 s% s)un<nd? >Dbh0nc% c<nd bh*c h0 0c*s h un hsc0cnch hh <*O H* 2s 2bs )*ch 0ul )cn *u 0snc 4s s+ 2s 0<nch cu slugslc hlc% dh*0s c lh 0hsh h% hl+ u*s dc snc 4s dsn hcclh4s hlc* 4s hcclch4s buch c% bc0hs cuO Us c% 0c*s clc 0clc nu s<n )c 0+su*h unb* 0slbs cnss h < dc 0s*hculbhsc." S2<n ul *cgc <ns+% )c c< dc 0+*sns0bs% )c"h < dc cb0)+ s0s b*% <l /h 2s *sdsch % <0b*+3s4<ndu"& 4s s)un<nd? >Dh% dh% lh 0hsh 0ch hs s+ 4c.s 4s hs s+ 0+n<ncs cu 0snc." Cu0)+nc4 c dccs% c<nd h.s c4 s sn/s h nu dc c+ *c un *cgc )+0<n chn% cs dc c+ *c <0)+*h ul Cc*ulus% lh 0hsh 4s lh hlc*ul lus% cu cc )bdbhbc *cbusc s+ c ducs% cu cc hhsnc s+*b+ b*c4 s s+ c <0b*hcs% s *+dusndu" c s+ hcb)c*s u*<3cnsslc /snb/+3sslb* hlc cu b*nh0cn clc hh*ulus. PUNCTUL 6 Mc2sbb4c 4cdch lh 0hsh *cghl+ )c c< dc s2ss % )c"h < dc bnb*h % bc*b s dc *cgc% hd0s*h dc cu* cns: nbbslss ccs 0hs 0h*s <s s + chu <n )*chD0+% 4s cl 0<nch: *cgclc <nsu4s <l sc*/ch lh 0hs+% 4s dsn b cc /h 2s 2bs 0hs bun. Cu cc )l+cc*c /h 2s 0<nch % 0hs cu sch0+ c+ b ul /cnch dsn 0<nh *cghl+Q Cc 0<ng<sh sc /h 2s ss03s <n nbuh"s 2c*scs*cQ Cc 0ul3u0s dc bs)+3Q Hscs s"hu /+.u *cuns c dc hs + dh + *c)u h3sh 4s 2blbsul% s"hu <n *ccu bun+ h ch lus Dh/sd cu s0c*cnsh lus Mc2sbb4c . Cu0)+nc4 c u% ccl cc c cu0snccs% c+ b*sc< h* 2s 2bs dc 0h*s db/c.slc dc h2cc3sunc h*+ h c lus Mc2sbb4c dc c+ *c *cgclc lus Ss*hcl% clc nsl lc /b* cghlh nscsbdh + )c cclc cc 3s lc 2hcc hs +.s 3sc Rcgclc Cc*ulus? hcblb *cgclc <s d+dch 0<nc+*u*s scu0)c 4s dcs2+ + bh*c% dh* nu 4s )c cl <nsu4s: <l sc*/ch cu buch clc *cgc4 s% dh* nu cu sns0h lus% h4h <nc< Mc2sbb4c 0<nch <0)*cun+ cu *cgclc% dh* nu"& 0<nch )c *cgc. Hscs% <ns+% dh% lh 0hsh hcchs h h Hl h*ulus 0+n<ncs cu Du0nc.cu 4s"& 0+n<ncs )c Du0nc.cu: <3s )unc"n 2h3+ <nsu4s. *u)ul s+u 4s )*sn cl% du0nc.cs*ch sh: <3s d+ c< h*c 4s% b dh + cu b ul% )c ssnc <nsu4s. Kblbsc4 c cu bun" gus b 0<nch*c h < dc hlchs+% )bh* +" c cu 0+su*+ c<nd 0+n<ncs 2+*+ 0+su*+: 2+ lbc cbnssdc*h3scs% dclcc ch.+" c cu cl: 3snc sch0h c+ cs c b <0buc+ u*+ dc .slc 0h*s% c+cs c un Du0nc.cu hdc/+*h : sh h0sn c c+ 4s <ngc*ss c hsss +% )s.0usndu"3s nb*bcul% dh* )+.snd cu/ssn3h. PUNCTUL ( Mc2sbb4c sc /h 2s h*+ h *ccunbsc+ b* )cn *u h < h h0hbsls h c% <4s /h 2s schs0bh s2sscsunch lh 0<nch cu nccu0)+ h*ch lh 0ul3u0s : )*c3us*ch hh <*ulus )*s0s s"h cunbscu du)+ g*hbh dc h sc bucu*h dc cl? nu s sc /b* 2s *c0h*ch .+bh/clc dc 4chsb)% cs% ssgu*% )unc uhls h ch dc bhs)c c: nu s"h )u* h ch 2sul cclus 0hs 0h*c )*sgbns b* )c ch*c &"h h/u Dh/sd% cs ch /hshlul ccl 0hs c*cdsncsbs 4s *ccunbsc+ b*. Scbh c dc hscs cc lhud+ *cbusc s+ dhs u unus Rcgc h < dc 0h*c cc 3s"h hcb*dh hsc0cnch hh <*u*s% cc 0ul3u0s*s s+ hducs unus Db0n ch*c c"h bs)+ h hs 2cl. Nu"& 0hs b2cnsh ch du40hn% slu"Dc4 c"& ch 2su h < dc <ndh b*h . S+ <nchcs .sc<nd? %.B% Db0nul 0cu 4s Du0nc.cul 0cuQ Mhs b0cnbs dcc< Dh/sd c"hs h*+ h c<nd 0" hs bc*b s 4s <n *u b ul du0nc.cscsc c<nd 0"hs sc* h 4s% cu bh c c+ s<n 0hs )lsn dc ncdcs+/<*4s*s <n hlc su2lc ulus dcc< Mc2sbb4c <n hlc *u)ulus% hs bsnc/bs s+ 0+ )*s0c4 s lh 0hsh h s+ 0+ h4c.s hl+ u*s dc snc% 0s"hs hdus )c hlc* sns0h 4s 0+*un hsclc hlc% d<ndu"0s" c <n <n *cgs0c ch h*hn+. Cc 0ul3u0s*c 3s"h4 )u ch hducc. Dbh0nc% )cn *u hh <*u*s h < dc 0h*sO Ccch cc .scch s2<n ul *cgc Dh/sd? Pb s* )cn *u )b s*. Ksc b cu0sncch*c *+s)lh + )cn *u hl h: )l+ s"/bs dh*ul cu )*s0s*ch lus% c+cs )cn *u Tsnc% Dbh0nc% nu cCss + hl + *c *sbu3sc: /cns"/bs <nc+ b dh + s+ 0+n<nc 4s s+ c 0+n<nc: 0s"h* 2s 2bs dc hDuns 4s 0s"h* 2s 4s )*ssbss s+ 4cd lh 0hsh h*gh3slb* +s% dh* n"h* 2s 2bs dc hDuns )cn *u bun+ h ch h ncs2<*4s +: s+ c lhudc <ngc*ss )cn *u 0snc% dc /*c0c cc cu h0 0<nch )cn *u cs 4s h0 0<nch )<snch lb*: 0slusc4 c"0+ cu un hh* du)+ hl ul 4s 2sc s+ 0+n<nc cu Tsnc bh + /sh3h hcchs h *cc+ bh*c 4s s+ 0+ bucu* dc snc <n bh + cch /c4nsc+."
MCDSTHSH 7B (&5
PUNCTUL & #"Jbn c0)l+ cu0 uccnscul cu sns0h cu*h + <4s <nsu4c4 c sns0h <n/+3+ b*ulus s+u: cu c< subc4 s 0hs 0ul % cu h < c bucu*s 0hs 0ul 4s c <n 2s*ch sns0slb* nc)*sh+ns c s+ subchsc+ ccl 0hs 0ul % 2ssndc+% *c2u.<ndu"sc c*ch u*slb*% s sc <nc*cdsn3ch.+ )c dc"h"n *cgul lus Du0nc.cu. Sbhn cs c uccnscul ccl subs hl subs b*ulus dc cu*+3sc? sc )*cg+ c4 c cu )sc) nc)*sh+ns ch s+"& )*s0chsc+ )c Msclul ccl )u*: )unc <n Dbc cul0s dc gsng+4sc 4s ss03s*s )*chcu*h c 4s% du)+ cc"& u*0ch.+ )c b*sundc 0c*gc% sc cusb+*c4 c lh )sc) ul s+u% ch s+"4s *hg+ su2lc ul% sc bdshnc4 c hcblb ch"n )*b")*su"s ccn *u% 4s /h 2s s h hcblb .sc<nd? >Subs ul 0cu cs c hl 0cu% 4s cu h lus% 4s cl )h4 c )*sn *c c*sns"(': nu cc*c hl cc/h su/c*hnulus s+u dcc< h"s <ng+dus s+"& sh/u*c.c <n <n *cgs0c )c dsnh2h*+ 4s )c dsn+un *u: cl <s cs c <ncc)u ul 4s s2<*4s ul% Du0nc.cul 4s bh + h/u3sh lus% <n *<ndul c+*csh b h4h.+ 4s )c
Kccsbh*+. Cu0)+nc4 c% su2lc c% cu c< + cu*+3sc *cbusc s+ c )*cg+ c4 s u% c<nd /ss s+ c cu0snccs% )cn *u ch% *ccs)*bc% Db0nul s+ sc bdsh"nchsc+"n )sc) ul +u 4s u <n s<nul lus: *c.chsc+"3s"sc c*cdsn3h% )cn *u ch d*hgbs ch h s+ dbh*0+ <n *u Db0nul: chu + s+ c )*cg+ c4 s cu b sns0+ 2ccsb*clnsc+% +g+dus + b*sc+*cs )hssuns )+0<n" c4 s% cu b cbn4 ssn3+ )u*+% cu*h + dc b*scc /sn+% 4s hs 2cl subs"/cs 4s 0hs 0ul 4s /cs sh/u*h 4s 0hs 0ul db/c.slc du0nc.csc4 s dc h2cc3sunc. PUNCTUL 7 B% )hDu*+ *cghl+% cu cc /+. )+ *un.+ b* c"hs cc*cc h <n b+ hsh Sbh*clus <n *u)h 4s s"hs )*+dh sns0h snccndsh +Q Du)+ cc c"hs s+ u*h dsn )sc) ul lus C*ss bs% cusb+*c4 s <n cl% h4h <nc< <n s<nul lus <3s g+sc4 s h*hnh 4s"3s hs cusbul: .bb*s ch s+ c bdshnc4 s
('
CUMSNCCTBRUL
<n *"<nsul: du)+ cc c"hs us h 3sn + lh Sbh*clc <nd*+gbs s 4s s"hs sb*bs *h.clc <n *u0cnclslc s<ngclus s+u scu0)% hs <nchss bchss <n *u cbn c0)lh*ch lsns4 s +. B% cu0 hs lc)+dh b*scc *+cchl+ dc cugc lh c+ldu*h sns0ss <n/+)+sh cQ B% cu0 <s 0hs sc*u hs u*0clc db/c.slb* dc h2cc3sunc% n+scbcs*slc d*hgbs cs shlc% cu0 hs 0hs .+bb/s <n sh/u*h*ch uncs subs*s cc sc <n/c4nscc4 cQ s ch*c% c<nd .scchs c+ sc s2<*4ch% hbsh"ncc)ch 4s% du)+ cc"h subs % h subs )<n+ lh s2<*4s . Su2lc c% cu hcclh4s )sc) c <0bsc h.s hcclh4s Db0n% c<nd 3s sc d+*usc ch h*hn+: /snb h.s s+ c cu0snccs 4s s+ c b)lb4c4 s lh s<nul lus. Bucu*+" c dc hsc0cnch hh <*u*s cu scn s0cn c )c 0+su*+% 4s dhc+ Sbhn h 2bs ccl subs % chu + s+ 2ss u cch subs +? h*h +" c )hDu*+ <n cbn c0)lh*c 4s <n /b*hcs h c dcb)b *s/+: 2sCch.+"& cu bchss c*cdsn3cs 4s )*hd+"& cu d*hgbs c <n2l+c+*h +. PUNCTUL 6 Du)+ cc &"h 0<nch )c C*ss bs% Sbhn <4s sh <ng+dusn3h s+ sc *c.c0c dc cl: l+un *sc 4s h2h*+ /*ch s+ 2sc <ncbnDu*h dc <n/+3+ b*ul s+u. B% 0h*clc dsscs)bl hl subs*ss% cc bsnc <4s )unc"n )*hc sc+ <n/+3+ u*slcQ Ksul lus Du0nc.cu *c)hu.ch.+"n s<nul Th +lus s+u C c*n% sh* Sbhn <n ccl hl Ksulus lus Du0nc.cu% c+cs hccs h c lbcul hlcs )cn *u sscs h dc du)+ b h*hn+ ch hcchs h: 2+*+ <ndbshl+ c+% h4h cu0 s"h 2bs )c )lhc% <s /h 2s 4s dc 2blbs. Su2lc c% <n/h3+ s+ db*0s <n *u Du0nc.cu du)+ cc c"hs nu *s dsn *u Du0nc.cu: lsns4 c4 c" c <n cbn c0)lh*c% s+ nu c ulbu*c snsb0nsslc ncs+bus c: nu c *c)c.s nu0hsdcc< <n lu0c% s +*usc <n Cc*ul hccs h. Cc*c"s 0slbs s/s*s unus Db0n ch*c 3s"h h+*+.s hsc0cnch db/c.s dc h2cc3sunc: hsss +"& cbn c0)l<ndu"&% ch b )hDu*+% dc /*c0c cc hs h hs 2bs c<nd l"hs 0<nch : 4c.s db*0snd l<ng+ cl% ch Sbhn% cu bchss <nchs4s c+ *c c*ch u*s 4s dcschs4s nu0hs c+ *c C*ch b*.
MCDSTHSH 7A (&'

nu6 T
sss )
PUNCTUL & ugc + cu0 hccl 0h*c 0bnh*h% ch s+ 2hc+ )h*hd+ dc 0+*c3sc% h hlcs d*c) 0sDlbc cclcb*h*ch unus bhnchc sb0) ubs: h2cc3sunslc sc c<4 sg+ cu dhnss% 4s )*sc cnsslc <n bs)c3c. S"h sn/s h )c b3s 0h*ss nbbsls 4s scnsb*s dsn *cgh ul s+u% c+cs lh un bhnchc 0h*c *cbusc sn/s h3s ccs 0hs 0h*s% sh* dhc+ c *cgcsc% su/c*hns. #sn b3s cu g+ cls bbgh c 4s 0<nd*c% hh <*ul *s/hls.<hd cu s)lcndb*slc% cu +*cs
*c)u h3ss cb*cs)un.<ndu"s cu h*c <0)bdbbs*c. Cu0)+nc4 c u lh cc bhnchc nchsc0us 0hs 0h*c c4 s )b2 s h.s% cu c< 0hs 0h*c c Mbnh*hul ch*c"& cclcb*ch.+ nu ch s+ 2hc+ )h*hd+ dc 0+*c3sh% cs dc subs*ch sh? hcclh c*h un *cgc )+0<n chn% hccs h )+0<n chn 4s cc*csc 4s% ch h h*c% <s )b2 c4 c )c ccs dsn Cc* s+ hsss c% sh* )c ccs dc )c )+0<n ch s+ 0+n<ncc: hcblb c*hu chc0h3s
B9 B&
ccs 0h*s% hscs s<n hlc4s ccs 0scs: hcblb bbgh3ss% hscs ccs s+*hcs cu duhul: hccsh <0b*+ch3s dc h*h0: hcc4 sh dc hh*. Cunbsc<nd% h4hdh*% bhnchc ul lh ch*c c4 s chc0h h.s% )hlh ul <n ch*c sn *s% 0hsh lh ch*c c h4c.s% 0hscs h ch Db0nulus ch*c c )b2 c4 c% /cs cunbh4 c b*nh0cn ul cu ch*c *cbusc s+ /ss% *cs)cc ul cu ch*c *cbusc s+ c h)*b)ss% )l+cc*ch cu ch*c *cbusc s+ 0+n<ncs. PUNCTUL 7 Tb sn *hu su/c*hnss 4s scnsb*ss% h4c.<ndu"sc lh 0hs+ <n b*dsnch *hngulus% nu h sbss*ss: nu du)+ /<*s +% cs du)+ 0c*s c: ccs 0hs nbbsls% ccs dsn <s% sh* ccs 0hs h)*b)sh3s ch s<ngc dc *cgc <s c*hu 4s ccs 0hs <n/ccsnh3s ch lbc. Kscc+*ush s sc sc*/ch 2clul dc 0<nch*c *</ns % 0+su*h 2ssndu"lc dbh* gu*h: b*sc< dc hlchs+ h* 2s 2bs 0<n"ch*ch% lc"b )unchu <n 2h3+% h4h <nc< hscs <4s g+schu lhblhl + *c)u h3sh 4s 2blbsul 4s% nu 0hs 0sc% )lhcul. Cu0)+nc4 c bh c cCccl+*slc hccs ch lh bhnchc ul shc*h0cn hl dc hcu0? hscs s<n b3s dc un s<ngc% dc /*c0c cc b3s 4s"& <0)+* +4csc: b3s s<n h < dc h)*b)sh3s dc Rcgc% <nc< <l hu <nl+un *ul lb*. 4s hu 2scch*c c< c un Rcgc <n *u) 4s chsh* un Du0nc.cu. M+n<nc+ b3s c< lc )b2 c4 c sns0h% 4s chsh* 0hs 0ul % c+cs 0hs 0ul dcc< h* )u ch s+ cch*+% dcc< h* )u ch *</ns: <n 2scch*c <0buc+ u*+ un Du0nc.cu 4s"n 2scch*c 2s*0s u*+ un Cc*. #snb% su2lc c% 4s h4h.+" c cu c0csnscsc% 0+n<nc+ <n shn+% gu*h s+"3s 2sc 0+su*h 4s sh h0sn c c+ dc cc b /cs dcschsdc 0hs lh*g+% Db0nul 3s"b /h u0)lc 0hs /<* bs: us +" c lh cc 0+n<ncs 4s 0<nch"/cs cu duhul. PUNCTUL 6 M<nchu buch clc cclc dcs2+ + bh*c du)+ gus ul lb*% dc /*c0c cc"& h/chu h < dc bun: c*hu cu b3ss su/c*hns% dc)*sn4s cu <0buc+ u*slc dc sbs 4s% ch h h*c% 4 shu s+ )*c3ushsc+ cc c bun: 0<nchu 0ul % bbs4nus3s s+ 0+n<ncc bsnc 4s% cu* cns 2ssnd% <l 0+gulchu )c s +)<nul bhnchc ulus cu dcs2+ h*ch 0cscs 4s <nc+ 0hs 0ul )cn *u un su/c*hn cu <nclsnh3ss dc 0+*sns0bs 4s 0<n+"s)h* +. Kclu*slc dc 0<nch*c c*hu )c c< dc *h2snh c% )c"h < dc bsnc g+ s c 4s hs 2cl% ns0cns nu"4s c*u3h )lhcul% nu )sc*dchu nscs un )*slcD% ns0sch nu sc )*+)+dch.
MCDSTHSH 7A (7&
Sh <ns+ h0sn c c+ *cgclc hcclh )u c*nsc% b*sc< dc 0ul h /*u s+ lc dch% n"h hDuns s+ ls sc dch )c ssnc: *+0<sc h4h cc/h )cn *u 0h*clc Du0nc.cu ch*c hs +.s% su2lc c% )cn *u cl <nsu4s c )b2 c4 c% )u c*ch 4s /*c*ch lu<ndu"s"sc lh <n *ccc*c. H* hCc*Cc nu"s subc4 c <n ""h < h% <nc< s+ lc b2c*c )c hlc* un b*h3 hl s+u% s+ lc dch dc b+u s<ngc dsn /sncsc lus% s+ lc <n snd+ dc 0<nch*c *+*unchss s+s. Dh* hccs 0h*c Rcgc hl Rcgslb* 4s Db0n hl db0nslb* <4s subc4 c h < dc 0ul bhs)c3ss% <nc< <4s s)sn cc+ )cn *u cs cbhs h% 0hs dcg*hb+ cu subs*ch dcc< cu 2sc*ul: lc d+ dc 0<nch*c *+*unchss s+s 4s lc b2c*+ s+ <nchsnc cu s<ngclc"s )*c3sbs. Su2lc c% hs h dh )b2 s*c 4s 0<nch*c% /snb cu 2bh0c dc ncs+ u*h lh b h*hn+ 2+*+ dc s2<*4s % us +" c lh cc 0+n<ncs% c+cs dc"hccch sc nu0c4 c )<snc h )*scc)c*ss 4s 0<nch*c h )*scc)u3slb*: chu + s+ hDungs .suh 4s gu*h s+"3s 2sc )*cg+ s + )cn *u <0buc+ u*slc *cgc4 s% s+ nu dcchd+ 0hs h)bs <n 0<nc+*u*slc g*bsblhnc hlc Cgs) ulus )+0<n csc. PUNCTUL ( Cs b% du*c*c% c+cs b dchunh su2c*sn3h sc <n/ccsnch.+ cu 2c*scs*ch. Tbh c bhnchc clc hu 2bs 2uncs c% 4s ccl 0hs 0ul ccl dsn g*+dsnh lus H* hCc*Cc. Rcgsnh h dss)+*u 2ssndc+ n"h h)+*u . Rcgclc h )b*uncs ch ch s+ <ncununc.c sc*bh*ch cu 2*u0usc3ch cs: ch% sng*h +% h dss)*c3us hh <*ul 4s h ss03s % ds.g*h3sh +% 0<nsh *cgclus: b dh + cu bs)+3ul% h )sc*du cb*bhnh 4s% )cn *u c+ n"h /*u s+ hsss c hl+ u*s dc *cgc% h 2bs bs<nds + lh hbscn3+ )c*)c u+ dc lh cch 0hs 0h*c s *+lucs*c% lh cncb*clc dc"h2h*+: h 2bs bs<nds + chsh* lh 0hs+% c+cs lh ch shdc Dudcc+ b*ul% 4s csnc 0+n<nc+ )*bs <4s 0+n<nc+ 4s"4s bch Dudcch h. <n/h3+" c 0sn c% b% su2lc c hl 0cu% )c s)snh*ch hl ush% d+ 2ugh lh bhnchc ul dc lh Hl h* cu )*cg+ s*c 4s
)*c3us*c dcb)b *s/+: sh sch0h c+ )cn *u snc sc 2hcc sc*bh*ch% nu ls)ss dsn g*bsbl+nsc% h4h cu0 hl3ss dsn bb*+.nscsc. Cunbh4 c"3s *hngul 4s *c)u h3sh% c+cs nu u dbh* /cs 4cdch l<ng+ Rcgc% cs Cl /h 4cdch <n )sc) ul +u. #snb cu 0ul3u0s*s 4s )lchc+ cu 0ul3u0s*s% <n+l3<ndu"lc ncs2<*4s c% c+ 0s"c ch0+ s+ nu ch.s <n ds.g*h3ss ch sng*h3ss.
422 CUMSNCCTBRUL
PUNCTUL & LJ *0ch.+"3s hs +.s cbn c0)lh*ch 4s <nsb3c4 c"s cu c*cdsn3h )c ccs *cs *cgs dc )c )+0<n )b*ns3s <n c+u h*ch Rcgclus Cc*csc: s<n <n3clc)3s% 0h*c cbnds3sc s)*c h g+ss <n3clc)csunch 2+*+ dc s2<*4s . Hu )lcch dsn R+s+*s % dc lh b*sgsnch lu0ss% dc lh <ncc)u ul /sc3ss: chu + Sbh*clc% c+l+u.s3s dc"b s ch. HDung lh 0h*ch cc h c h Sc*ushls0ulus% undc b ul c u*bh*c% 4s"& g+scsc )c Db0nul <n shnh Bc lcc0ulus: cbbbh*+ dsn 0+*c3sh lb* 4s sc hdh) ch.+ lh ss0)ls h c: ccs dsn <s )h4s <s 2hc ch s+"4s ls)chsc+ bu.clc dc )+0<n ul hcclh% dc bucu*sc c+ sbsssc*+ <n cc*ul )hsulus lb*: sn *+ undc b ul c dcschss% dcscb)c*+ un P*unc nbu n+scu 4s un 0h*c Du0nc.cu dc ncdcslu4s nscs hscs% dsn )*scsnh 0scs0ss% nscs hcblb% dsn )*scsnh s0cnss +3ss. <l g+scsc <n b*h3clc hu*b*cs% )*sn *c lhc*s0s 4s 0+*g+*s h*c% <s Du*+ c*cdsn3+ ch $0)+*h ulus 4s s sc"nchsn+ ch Du0nc.culus lb*% b2c*sndu"s )*sn *c dh*u*s 4s sns0slc lb*. B% u% ch*c hs +.s *cbusc s+ c cu0snccs% cu0)+nc4 c c+ )lccs <n c+u h*ch hcclush4s RcgcQ B% dc"hs 2s c+l+u.s dc s chuh nb*bculus +u% dc lu0snh hh*ulus s+u ds/snQ <l /cs g+ss% dhc+ /cs 2s <n3clc) nu dsn /chcul hccs h% cs dc.h0+gs B(: /snb dsn R+s+*s ul /sc3ss hlc 4s )+4c4 c .b*s )c c+*+*slc dcs+/<*4s*ss. PUNCTUL 7 S chuh"s c+l+u.c4 c )c ccs *cs *cgs <n hccch4s 0+su*+"n ch*c"s dc.h0+gc4 c: s"h dus nu <n *"un )hlh *u2h4% cs <n *"b snd+ u0sl+: sn *+ nu dbh* <*<ndu"sc )c )+0<n % cs lsng<ndu"& ch )c *bnul )scsbh*clb* lus: nu hd0s*+ h)ssc*ss dc 0+ hsc 4s hu*% cs )<n.c dc
B6 B(
424 CUMSNCCTBRUL
PUNCTUL (
Mhgss sc h*h + 0+*sns0b4s <n 2h) c% dh* nu 0hs )u3sn <n 0ul3u0s*s 4s lhudc c+ *c Db0nul. S"hu )u* h <n b ul ch ns4 c *cgs% <n hlc c+*b* sns0s nu hu cc c+u h 0scs0slc: )c c< /b* 2s h0u3s c<nd s+"& sn2b*0c.c )c S*bd% )c"h < dc buns /b*bs b*s sc /b* 2s h*+ h ch s+"& bsnccu/<n c.c )c Db0nul: /b* 2s )*ch0+*s <n 3+*slc lb* 0snunslc Rcgclus g+ss 4s nu"nch)c <ndbshl+ c+ bu.clc cc <s )ccc lussc*+ +l)slc gsngh4c nu sc /b* 2s <nchss c<nd /h 2s 2bs /b*bh dc sl+/s*s *ccunbsc+ bh*c. B% u% ch*c c"hs cu0sncch Q )bh* +" c ch un *cgc% nu ch un 0bDsc nccsb)ls % h*h +" c <n3clc) <n 0ul3u0s*c% dclbc )*bs <n us h*c: <nh)bsh.+ 2c*scs*slc sub 2b*0+ dc lhudc: *ch0sn c4 c 4s .+bb/c4 c hsu)*h h*hncs Cc*ulus <n sb0nul cbn c0)lh3scs: <n bh*cc" c )c hl d*u0 lh b /sh3+ nbu+% <nc+*ch dc /s* u3s% <n schs0bul dh*u*slb* hlc: <n bh*cc" c <n R+s+*s ul c/lh/scs% nu <n H)usul nc)sb4cnscs.

PUNCTUL & K% Du0nc.culc 0h*c 4s Dbh0nc hl 0cuQ Duhul 0cu sc s2<*4c4 c c<nd /+d c+ Tu% un Du0nc.cu sn2sns % <ncununh dc dcs+/<*4s*s sn2sns c% bsnc/bsc4 s s+ sn *s"n )sc) ul uncs 2u*nscu3c h < dc Dbsnscc ch 0snc: Tu% s0cns% c+ nu <nch)s nscs <n cc*u*s% nscs )c )+0<n % c 0scc4 s <n ssnul unus /sc*0c /*cdnsc dc dss)*c3: Tu% h b )u c*nsc% )u <nd s+ c*cc.s hl c lu0s sn2sns c% )lsnc dc hl c c*ch u*s h b dcs+/<*4s c% /*cs s+ c sn *bducs <n )u3sn+ h ch uncs c*ch u*s Dbsnscc ch 0snc% cc nu )bh c ns0sc 4s nu /hlb*ch.+ ns0sc: Tu% <n3clc)csunc sn2sns +% ch*c 4 ss 4s <n3clcgs b ul% *ccu ul% )*c.cn ul 4s /ss b*ul% 4s b cc c cu )u sn3+% c su)us hs 2cl unush ch*c cs c sgnb*hn3h <ns+4s: Tu% c c*n% ncls)ss % ch*c hs 2bs <nhsn ch /chcu*slb*% 4s c4 s% 4s /cs 2s )u*u*ch% /ss lh 0snc% ch*c dss)h* <n *"b cls)s +: Tu% Dbh0nc ncs2<*4s dc s2<n 4s dc bun% /*cs s+ lbcusc4 s <n )sc) ul unus )+c+ bs h < dc
MCDSTHSH 78 (7B
nc/*cdnsc: Tu% su)*c0h 0+*c3sc: cu% Dbsnscsh <ns+4s: Tu% b ul: cu% ns0sch. Dhc+ 4s cblbhnclc cc*ulus *c0u*+ <n 2h3h )*c.cn3cs hlc ds/snc% cu0 s+ nu sc .gudusc )c*c3ss sns0ss 0clcO HDu +% Dbh0nc% Dbsnscscs 0clc% <n +*c4 c )u3sn+ h ch 0ch% ch s+ nu sc s2<*4chsc+ h uncs c<nd c )*s0c4 c. PUNCTUL 7 Db0nul 0cu 4s Du0nc.cul 0cuQ Dhc+ Sbhn Bb c.+ b*ul nu sc sbcb ch /*cdnsc s+"3s dc.lcgc cu*chuh dc lh shndh% cu0 s+ hDung cu% nu dbh* lh lcg+ u*+% cs s+ c h sng )c b % s+ c 0+n<nc 4s s+ c )un <nl+un *ul )sc) ulus 0cuO Cc"h* .scc bh*c Sbhn Bb c.+ b*ul dhc+ h* *cbus s+ sc cu0snccc% dhc+ h* *cbus s+ c )*s0chsc+% Dbh0nc% 4s s+ c )un+ <nl+un *ul )sc) ulus s+uO Dhc+ Sbhn Bb c.+ b*ul% <nchsnh Db0nulus <nc+ dsn )<h ccclc 0hscss lus% blhgbslb/s <n *u hh*% c*cscu <n hs)*s0ch uncs )us ss% lucch2+* hl sbh*clus% <nhsn c0c*g+ b* hl +u% nu sc sbcb c4 c /*cdnsc s+"3s h sng+ cu*chuh shndhlcs% h uncs cu% n+scu 4s c*cscu dbh* <n )+ch : cu% )lsn dc /sns 4s sc+lb4ss: cu% un )+c+ bs h < dc 0h*c% cu0 bh*c s+ s.bu csc h c )*s0s% cu0 s+ c )un <n gu*h 0ch 4s s+ c"h4c. <n 0+*un hsclc 0clcO Dhc+ Sbhn% du)+ h < h )cns cn3+% 2+*+ /sns% 4s sc s2sc4 c% cc /bs 2hcc bh*c cu cu h < ch /sns% 2+*+ )cns cn3+O Hud <ns+ c+"0s s)unc chsh* Bb c.+ b*ul? >Sh +"& )c Msclu4clul Db0nulus% h)*b)sc" c dc cl% c+cs dhc+ 0+*c3sh lus c nc0+*gsns +% lh 2cl <s cs c 4s 0slbs cnsh: dhc+ c un Du0nc.cu s0cns% cs c 4s un Msclu4cl bl<nd: dhc+ u c4 s )lsn dc )+ch c% Cl c ccl ch*c 3s lc <nl+ u*+." Cu*+3+"0+% h4hdh*% Dbh0nc% <nc+ 4s <nc+: c*c4 c"n 0snc b sns0+ cu*h +: *c<nnbsc4 c"0s un cugc d*c) <n *+*unchs% ch s+ c )b g+.dus <n cs. PUNCTUL 6 >Csnc c4 s Tu% Dbh0nc% 4s cu csnc"sO"% .scch S2<n ul K*hncssc ccl u0sl. Hsdb0h *c)c h"/bs cu dc 0ul c b*s. Dhc+ s2<n ul )h *sh*h H/*hh0 sc s2sh c<nd h *cbus s+"3s /b*bchsc+ 4s s)unch c+ c )ulbc*c 4s ccnu4+% cu0 s+ 0+ h)*b)ss cu ch nu dbh* s+ 4cd <nhsn ch Th% cs s+ 0s c )un <n )sc) O Dhc+ sc*h2s0ss dc lh *bnul +u% <n/+)+sh3s dc subs*c% <4s hcb)c*+ 2h3h cu h*s)slc% *u4snh3s )h*c+ dc c+u + u*h h su/c*hn+% cu0 bh*c s+ cu c. cu% h < dc *ccc 4s dc c0+ b* *n sluDbh h% s"hDung h"0s )unc gu*h <n cbhs h h% h"0s ls)s
(7A
CUMSNCCTBRUL
bu.clc dc *+nslc hlc% h c )*s0s <nl+un *ul )sc) ulus 0cuO Cu0 c bh*c cu )u sn3+% /bs s *sgh cu cu Sblb0bn% s+" 0s <nchs)us c+ Du0nc.cu <nsu4s% <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h % /h s+ lbcushsc+ <nl+un *ul 0cuO C+cs dhc+ cc*u*slc cc*u*slb* nu c )b % Dbh0nc% cu)*sndc% cu h < 0hs )u3sn l+ch4ul hccs h s+*0hn undc bsnc/bsc4 s hs +.s s+ *hgs. Sh h0sn c <ns+% Dbh0nc% lh *ug+csunslc 4s nu lh )*shhnclc 0clc: u0slsn3h s+"0s *+scu0)c*c Dbsnscsh 4s <ns+4s cunb4 sn3h cs s+"s 2sc 4s dc./snb/+3s*c. PUNCTUL (
B. Db0nul 0cu 4s Du0nc.cul 0cuQ s bh*c undc c*h0 cu c<nd s clclc ds0snc3ss c sl+/chuO Dhc+ lucch2+*ul +u Sbhn c"h /cnc*h dc 2h3+ cu snc 4s c"h )*bsl+/s <n ls)s+ )cn *u h < ch hh <*u*s )*s0s c% bh*c cc /bs s)unc cu )cn *u 0slbs s/s*s h < dc nccu*0h cO S+ c<n h4 /*ch h.s b c<n h*c nbu+% c+cs hs 2+cu cu 0snc b 0snunc h 0snunslb*: 4s dhc+ Tu hs 2+cu <nsc0nh*c dcs)*c clc <n Shc*h0cn ul hccs h P*chdu0nc.cscsc% cu /bs 2hcc <nsc0nh*c dc lhudc /c4nscc. B% dhc+ un sc*h2s0 dc"hl +u h* /cns <n .bb* ch s+"0s cu*c3c bu.clc% <n <s ch s+ c )*s0csc 4s"h)bs ch s+ c sl+/csc% c<n h"/bs /c4nsc ncs2<*4s clc"3s 0slbs s/s*sQ s chsh* dhc+ *ccunbsc c+ s<n sc+lbs 4s Dbsnsc% n"h4 /*ch s+ 2su g*bsblhn% cs% )c c< c"h0 s *<0 b*h % Dbh0nc% )*s0sndu" c% )c"h < h h4 /*ch s+ c 0+*csc sl+/sndu" c: *bs s"/bs 0ul3u0s*s 2+*+"ncc h*c hcclush cc 0+ <ncununch.+ cu 0slbs cnss.

BB
C2.Luch%77%5"&8.
MCDSTHSH 7'
427
lc b2c*+ u u*b*h% hDung<nd s+ c <0bsc cu cb0b*slc 4s s+ c *bhgc cu 2c*scs*slc. <4s *s0s c slugslc% )c c< dc s<*gusncsbhsc% )c"h < dc h*s)h c% s+"s chu c )c bhs)c3ss lcnc/b4s: hcc4 sh <ns+% b+d+*hns% c+cs )+0<n cns% dss)*c3uscsc *c)u h3sh 4s *h ch.+ 2blbsul: sc scu.+ c+ s<n )*b4 s% nu dbh* ncnb*bcb4s% 4s% dc)*sn4s cu 0<nc+*u*slc Dbsnscc dsn Cgs) ul lb*% *c2u.+ dclsch csclc Cc*ulus: )c unss <s b)*csc 2sh*clc dc hu* hlc l+cb0scs dc bhns: )c hl3ss Dh* sc*h scn.uhls +3ss: )c 0ul3s h0bs3sb4s <s dcscu*hDch.+ *c)u h3sh% 4s hnu0c )b2 clc lu0c4 s% h4h <nc< b ul c )*cg+ s % dh* bhs)c3ss ls)scsc. S+ nu"3s /sn+ h c*cdcQ Dh* cs c bs)+3ul Cc*ulus% 4s cs s<n 2bh* c lcgh3s dc lu0c% 4s )c c< dc cu* cns b* sc /+dc4 c Db0nul% )c"h < dc b+d+*hns sc"h*h + cs. H0sn c4 c"3s% su2lc c% dc c< c b*s hs cb0ss g*bsbl+nss 4s 0hs 0h*s% dc /*c0c cc% sn/s h lh 0hsh lus dc c+ *c Rcgclc Cc*ulus% dh* b+d+*hn 2ssnd% hs *cs)sns 2c*scs*ch 4s% <n lbc dc h c )*cg+ s ch s+ c cu0snccs% c"hs l+sh )*hd+ uncs nc)sb4cnss 2+*+ *bs % uncs dss *hc3ss dc4h* c. Scbh c dc"hscs b <nd*c) h*c bsnc *ccunbscu + 4s b db*sn3+ *chl+ dc"h 0c*gc c< 0hs dcs lh bhnchc ul hccs h sb0) ubs. PUNCTUL 7 #+.<nd Db0nul c+ bhs)c3ss% bh0cns dc 0ul )*ch *+u gus % nu sc <ndch0n+ s+ /sn+ 4s c+% )b2 s3s snsss cn s)*c bsnclc lb*% 4s"& dss)*c3uscsc% nu"4s )sc*dc *+bdh*ch cu ccslhl3s 4s nscs nu chu + s+"4s *c *hg+ bsnc2hcc*slc% cs 0hs cu*<nd% cu 4s 0hs /sc db*sn3+ dc"h lc <0)+* +4s% d+ nbs b*dsnc 4s )b*uncc4 c sluDs b*slb* s+ shs+ )c s *+.s 4s" n )sc3c 4s s+"s cbn/bhcc )c b3s s+*hcss% dc /*c0c cc bbgh3ss <n b*c s)h clc: s+ /sn+ 2l+0<n.ss% c+cs )cn *u cs cs c csnh cch 0h*c: 2sc cch 0hs 0h*c )cdch)s+ h cclb* lcgh3s dc lu0c s+ n"b gus c 4s chsh* s+ n"b /hd+. Dhu 2ugh hcc4 sh% )c c< dc )*b0)3s% )c"h < dc nc/bsh4s: /sn 4chsb)ss s<*gusncsb4s% b*bss <n *hsul lh 3sn +% sn *+ cu s0c*cnsc 4s s<n )*s0s3s cu 2hs % sc u0)lu 0csclc dc s+*hcs cu duhul% dss)*c3us3s )c lu0c% )*c3us3s <n Cc*% c+cs lb* lc cs c dh h <0)+*h3s cu Du0nc.cu. Cugc + u% ccl 0hs s+*hc dsn *c b3s% 4chsb)+ <nd 0c*cu <n *u /s* u c% csung <n *u 2hcc*ch dc bsnc% 4s cb0)b* +" c ch 4s cu0 c"hs <n <lns cu <ngc*ss: sn *+ nc)b2 s <n Cc*% nu h4 c) h s+ 2ss c+u h % du" c s0c*s 4s 2s"/cs bsnc )*s0s : sh sch0h c+ 2bh0ch c un 0h*c h/hn hD )cn *u h < h 0<nch*c.
42$ CUMSNCCTBRUL
PUNCTUL 6 Cu cc )b2 + sc /b* 2s h4c.h cc*4c b*ss lh 0hsh cch <0bcl4ugh +Q S+*hcss 0+n<nc+ buch clc su/c*hnslb*. Cu0 <4s /b* 0hs 2s lsns dcgc clc du)+ clc% 2+*+ sh3ul <0busbh3slb*% 2+*+ *sscul dc h ls sc h)lcchQ Nu )sc*d nscs lbcul% nscs s0)ul% nu sc lhs+ 2u*h3s dc hl c bcu)h3ss% 2ssndc+ 4 su c+ c csn+ 4s nu sc )b ducc hl undc/h: nu *c2u.+ ns0sc% <n *uc< nu lc"b <ng+dusc nscs h)c s ul% nscs h)c sshn clc buch c: lc chdc 2bh* c bsnc b cc lc )lhcc h < dc 0ul 4s *+0<n 2bh* c 0ul3u0s3s ccs cc )<n+ h.s nu hu 0<nch ns0sch subs hn3shl. S0hgsnch.+" c )c snc% ccl 0hs s+*0hn dsn *c b3s% /snb 2l+"0<nd lh hcchs + Mhs+ Shc*h0cn hl+% 4s b s+ 0+n<ncs cu )l+cc*c% c+cs% b*sc< h* 2s 2bs dc 0h*c csnh hccch% n"h 2bs hl cc/h dcc< b u0b*+ h csncs hlc: lsngc"3s dcgc clc ch un cc*4c b* 4s dcs2+" ch.+" c <n shn+ cu 0<nch*ch hs h dclscsbhs+: 0+n<nc"b cu c*cdsn3+% *u0cg"b 0cds <nd% sh h0sn c lh cc 0+n<ncs 4s /cs cbns h h c+"n /sh3h h n"hs )us <n gu*+ )<n+ h.s cc/h lh 2cl dc gus bs 4s dc subs hn3shl. PUNCTUL ( C< dc 0ul3u0s3s% c< dc <ndcs ulh3s /b* 2s *+0hs b3s hcc4 sh% nc0hs2ssnd s+*hcs% cs bhs)c3s bbgh3s% c+cs c <0bbg+3c4 c csnc"3s u0)lc 2h*2u*shQ Hcu0 *ccunb4 sn3h /h 2s cghlh <n2b0c h*chQ Cc dc 0ul3u0s*s /b* 2s <n+l3h c+ *c Db0nul bhnchc ulus ccs cc )<n+ h uncs nu sc 0hs )b0cnssc*+ s+ us c<nd/hQ Cc dc 2clscs +*s <4s /b* 0hs 2s hd*csh <n *c cs )cn *u hsc0cnch nb*bc% /+.<nd ncnb*bcul hl b*hQ s cu0 <4s /b* 0hs 2s 0+* u*sss *ccunb4 sn3h )cn *u cl 4s"& /b* 2s )*bsl+/s Q
Su2lc c% *ccunbh4 c"3s 2c*scs*ch% <nhl3+"3s glhsul <0)*cun+ cu *ccunbsc+ bh*ch Rcgsn+ h Cc*u*slb*% )*ch0+*sndu"& )c Db0nul 4s .sc<nd? Pc 2l+0<n.s s"h cb/<*4s dc h/u3ss 4s )c bbgh3ss ccs )bshcs s"h l+sh gbs. H*h +" c )c"h < dc *ccunbsc+ b* )c c< dc bnb*h hs 2bs : cc*c"lc <ngc*slb* s+"3s <0)*u0u c ls0bslc lb*% nu )cn *u <nc<n h*c% cs )cn *u c<n h*c dc 0ul3u0s*c. Scbh c dc"hscs 0c*sul lh cu0sncch*c% )*ccu0 un s+*0hn 2l+0<nd% lh Csnh cch Mh*c.
MCDSTHSH 69
(7'

PUNCTUL & /Dusdc4 c" c lh <0)*cDu*h*ch c<nd un bbg+ h4 h2l+ dc cCss cn3h /*cuncs 0h*s cb0b*s hscunsc% c< dc lcsnc <s d+ c*c.h*c% cu cc s<*gusn3+ sc .bh c s+ b dbb<ndchsc+Q Nu 0hs h*c sb0n csnc nu /ssch.+ dcc< s+ sc <0bbg+3chsc+% nu 0+n<nc+ 4s nu bch% hsd*b)sc dbh* dc hu*: )*s0h s<*gusn3+ <s cs c s+ cu0)c*c 3h*snh undc 4 sc c+ sc h2l+ ch% ch s+"s 2sc 0hs <n ssgu*hn3+: sc h)uc+ cl <nsu4s s+ sh)c du)+ ch% 2ssndc+ n"h*c <nc*cdc*c <n ns0cns: s)c*hn3h dc"h b g+ss <s dc.0sn c bbbschlh% 4s csnc )lcsnc4 c dc l+cb0sc nu ss0 c c+ )lcsnc4 c dc bbbschl+: c*c4 c <n/c*4unh*ch )c 0+su*+ cc sc h)*b)sc dc ch 4s sns0h lhcb0+ <nsu2lc3c4 c b*h3clc bs cns c. Su2lc c% hs +.s c*cdsn3h c"h <n4 ssn3h dcs)*c hcch cb0bh*+ )c c< dc 0h*c% )c"h < dc ncs2<*4s +% hscuns+"n *"un bgb* dc )<snc% h < dc )*c3sbhs+% <nc< <nchsdc"n ssnc bh + bbg+3sh cc*ulus: s+*hc c4 s% 4s c /cs <0bbg+3s: dhc+ b /cs g+ss% bucu*+" c dc hcchs + 0slbs cnsc 4s /cs sc+)h chsh* h.s dc 0s.c*sc: hscs% <n Bs sh hcchs h% hs bh c cb0b*slc /c4nscc. Cu0 dc nu lc chu3s% s<*gus b*O Cu0 dc nu c bucu*s dc clc% 2c*scs O Cb0bh*h 3s"c <n *u b ul lh <ndc0<n+: bucu*+" c dc ch cu 0<snslc )lsnc% /snb lh S2<n h Cb0unsunc cu *</nh unus .g<*cs lh b cb0bh*+.
-
PUNCTUL 7 Ph/cl h nu0s b+lsgh* bbg+3sslc lu0ss hccs csh% 4s cu d*c) cu/<n % dc /*c0c cc dsn clc sc"hlcgc dbh* gunbs% s<n su)usc )u *c.s*ss 4s"s lhs+ cu bu.clc u02lh c )c hd0s*h b*ss lb* ccs )*b4 s: s<n s)u*ch c 4s <n snch.+ sns0h cu /scss: h* 2s ncbunsc% 4s <nc+ 0h*c% s+"3s u0)ls s<nul dc gunbhsc <n lbc dc gsu/hsc*u*s scu0)c: s+ c u0)ls dc s hu*% <n lbc dc hu*. Hs h 2hc 2sss /chculus hccs ush% bhs h*.s hs cclus /c4nsc? dss)*c3uscsc cb0bh*h Hl h*ulus 4s )*c3uscsc g*bh)h dc nccu*h3ss h lu0ss.
6A
C2. Mh cs% &6%(( 4s u*0.
430 CUMSNCCTBRUL
MCDSTHSH 6& (6&
PUNCTUL & #ugc + cu0 b*bul ccl )*chc/lh/sbs dsn Sc*shbn sc <nh*0ch.+ cu /+.ul c*cdsn3cs% ch s+ 4s"& dbb<ndchsc+ )c ccl *u)csc. Plchc+ <n c+u h*ch M<n us b*ulus% 2+*+ ch ch0h dc bbs hcblc s+"& dcscu*hDc.c shu s+"& )h*hls.c.c lcnch cu scu.c dc nc)u sn3c? /cdc c+ nu /cdc 4s /cdc c< <s c dc 2blbs s+ /hd+% 4s )lchc+ hs 2cl dc hchs+% )+*+ssndu"sc )c ssnc <nsu4s: <n )*s0ul *<nd% nu"s ls)sc4 c ls0bh ch s+ s *sgc% chsh* dhc+"s ls)scsc bchss ch s+ /hd+% sh* csnc h*c ls0b+ ch s+"4s 0+* u*sschsc+ *clclc /h hDungc 4s lh <nd*c) h*ch lb*: <0)*cunch.+ h b )u c*nscsh 4s 0slbs s/s*ch lus Ssus 4s hs 2cl <l nu0c4 c% <ndh b*<ndu"& )*sn *" un nu0c h < dc shl/h b*? >Ssusc% .scc cl% 2su hl lus Dh/sd ccl b<nd% nu 2s u 0hs )u3sn 0slbs s/. Ssusc% 2sul lus Dh/sd% c+*ush s s"h 2+g+dus M<n us b*ul% d+"0s s+n+ h ch%
B5
0slusc4 c"0+% Dbh0nc% )c 0snc. Tu% 4s )c 0sncQ Tu% un Sn2sns % )c 0snc% b 0usculs3+ Dbsnsc+: Tu c4 s C*ch b*ul 0cu% Tu *cbusc s+"0s 2ss 4s lccus b*ul. Tu 0s"hs dh ccl 0hs 0ul % 4s hnu0c 2ssn3h% d+"0s cc"s 0hs )u3sn% 4s hnu0c /cdc*ch: nu 2s )cn *u 0snc Du0nc.cu hscuns% dc /*c0c cc"n Sudcch c4 s h < dc cunbscu ." Hs 2cl <4s .b*c4 c <n2+) us*ch lchculus% cu s *sg+*s dc *ug+csunc. <nchs)usc4 c" c )c snc b*b dc )h s0slc hlc% 2+*+ h )u ch /cdch cc"3s cs c dc ccl 0hs 0h*c 2blbs% 2+*+ h"& cunbh4 c )c Db0nul 4s Du0nc.cul +u: 0h*c c b*bs*ch nc4 ssn3cs hlc% 4s 0hs 0h*c cch h g*c4clslb* hlc. 2ssndc+ us +" c% b*bulc% <l hs hs +s hscs )c <nsu4s Ssus 4s M<n us b*ul% dhc+ nu <n Sc*shbn% lh Hl h*? s *sg+ dhc+ /*cs s+ /c.s hcu0% dhc+ db*c4 s s+n+ h c% ch s+ bb3ss b <0buc+ u*+ h < dc 0h*c: csnc h*c ls0b+ ch s+ cch*+ sc* h*c /h hDungc <n Cc*: d+ 2ugh <nd*u0h dc c*cdsn3+: nu"& 0hs s *sgh 2sul lus Dh/sd. cs >Ssusc% 2sul M+*scs"% c+cs c 0hs bsnc% >0slbs s/c4 c" c dc 0snc". PUNCTUL 7 M<n us b*ul sc h)*b)sh dc b*b: 0h*c 2c*scs*c s+ nu 2ss dc)h* c dc Db0nulQ <l )sc*dch dsn /cdc*c cu bchss *u)ulus% <l *cc<4 sgh cu ccs hs su2lc ulus: sc 2blbsc4 c dc glhs% dhc+ dc /+. nu )bh c 4s. <n +*sndu"4s"& cu su2l+*s dc c/lh/sc% s.bucnc4 c <n s *sg+ c dc s)c*hn3+? ..Ssusc = .scc = ccch cc <nsch0n+ h s)unc s./b* dc 0<n u"s*c 4s /sh3+ =% )+s *ch.+ 4s )cn *u 0snc b )sc+ u*+% 4s dhc+ Tu% Dbh0nc% nu 0+ lccusc4 s% csnc hl ul h* )u ch"b 2hccO N"h0 s+ 2su h < dc nc0c*nsc% <nc< s+ 0+ <nc*cd <n *"un b0: c*ch u*slc nu dhu /cdc*ch% cs 0hs dcg*hb+ 3s"b *+)csc." Unss 4s hl3ss <l cc* hu% su)+*h3s dc s *sg+ clc lus% nc<ncc*ch3s dc ncnb*bcs*ch lus: <s s)unchu s+ hc+% cs Ssus <l hscul h% 4s cl scb ch s *sg+ c 4s 0hs 0h*s? >Dbh0nc% 2sc"3s 0sl+ dc ncnb*bcs*ch 0chQ Dhc+ cu )c Tsnc nu Tc /+d% Tu ssgu* 0+ /c.s )c 0snc." >Cc /*csO"% <l <n *chb+ C*ss bs% ch s+"s cunbhsc+ 4s 0hs bsnc )+sul 4s lchcul. s cl *+s)undc? >Cc )b /*ch bh*c hl cc/h dcc< s+ c /+d% c+cs <n Tsnc /cdch"/bs b ul% Dbh0nc% 4s )c bh c hlc 0clcO" Hscul +% su2lc c% c+cs cu snc /b*bc4 c <nsu4s Db0nul 4s"3s s)unc? >Cc /*csO Cc chu3sO Cc*c 0slbs s/s*s hcclush ch*c c )b2 c4 c lh T*u)ul 4s S<ngclc s+u% c+cs cc bh*c nu"3s /h dh csnc 3s sc d+ b O Cu <3s s<n 3sn h% h3sn c4 c"3s bchss lh 0snc: cu <3s s<n ccn *ul% bdshnc4 c" c <n 0snc. Cc /*csO"% <n *chb+ Db0nul. Tu *+s)undc"s? >Cc hl cc/h )b /*ch cu dhc+ nu )c Tsnc% s+ Tc /+d 4s s+ 0+ bucu* dc
MCDSTHSH 6& 433
Tsnc% s+ )*s0csc 4s s+ Tc )*s0csc? s+"0s <nchsd bchss )cn *u dc4c* +csunc% s+ 0s"s dcschsd )cn *u 3sn +." Cc /*csO Hdsc+? ss cc <nsch0n+ h c cu0sncchO Scstss, Ausd kcccrs" !!sslB' PUNCTUL 6 Nu 0hs )u3sn 0slbs s/ s"h h*+ h Db0nul cu ccl+lhl b*b% dsn nh4 c*c% dh* 0hs 0ss c*sbs% dcbh*ccc% dc4s l"h* 2s )u u /sndcch dbh* )*sn cu/<n ul s+u% h luh sn+ 4s s"h )us"b )c bchs% 2+c<nd cbls* dsn cc/h cc )+*ch )scdsc+: h
luh )+0<n 4s &"h 2*+0<n h cu scus)h ul s+u% )*c2+c<ndu"& hs 2cl <n *"un g*un. dc Cc*% 4s ccch cc 2uscsc s *sc+csunc h dc/cns lchc: h /bs ch dsn )ulbc*ch u0slsn3cs s+ shs+ snh )cn *u /sndcch*ch lus: s"h dcschss bchss bc0hs c<nd )+*ch c+ s"s hs u)hsc? <n 2clul hccs h% sh* h)bs s)+l<ndu"sc% h dbb<nds b /cdc*c h < dc bun+% <nc< h )u u /cdch b*scc 4s"h* 2s )u u db*s. Cu0)+nc4 c hcu0 su)c*sb*s h ch hh <*ulus 2+cu 3sc% dcbh*ccc nu"3s h)lsc+ )+0<n ul 2*+0<n h cu scus)h ul s+u% cs chsh* *u)ul s+u 2*+0<n h cu s<ngc 4s )lsn dc du0nc.cs*ch sh: )unc"3s"& nu dbh* )c bchs% cs <n )sc) ul +u% )unc"3s"& )c bchss su2lc ulus% cu cunb4 sn3+ 4s subs*c: *ccunbh4 c c+% s)*c h"3s dh 3sc /cdc*ch% <3s d+ chsh* bchss lus: )*s/c4 c hcu0h cu ccs hs lus C*ss bs% /b*bc4 c cu ls0bh lus% u0bl+ cu )scsbh*clc lus% *+sc4 c cu /sh3h lus% .sc<nd cu S2<n ul Ph/cl? >T*+scsc% dh* nu cu nu0hs% 2ssndc+ *+sc4 c C*ss bs <n 0snc." <n/h3+ dc hscs c+ dhc+ scus)h ul Db0nulus luc*ch.+ <n chs) h < dc c2schcc% <nc< d+ /cdc*ch unus b*b% cc nu sc /h )c *ccc <n ccl cc sc <0)+* +4c4 c cu ch*nch 4s s<ngclc Db0nulus% uns c cu du0nc.cs*ch lusO PUNCTUL ( H < h bucu*sc h ss03s b*bul dc )c u*0h /cdc*ss% <nc< s+*ch <n sus dc )l+cc*c% hlc*g<nd c+ *c cununh cch /c4nsc+. S"h <n b*s h)bs lh Db0nul% *ccunbsc+ b* )cn *u dbb<nds*ch /cdc*ss% /+.<ndu"&% c+cs nu c dc /+.u hl csnc/h% s)*c h"4s 2blbss ls0bh <n *u )*bsl+/s*ch lus. <l 0+* u*ssch ch )c Db0nul 4s Du0nc.cul s+u% <n csudh cclb* b*bs dc )s.0+: sc s0c*c4 c cu )sc) ul lh )+0<n c+ s+"& )*bsl+/chsc+ )c S.b+/s b*ul s+u: <4s )unc gcnunchss )c )+0<n ul
B'
MCDSTHSH 67 Ch s3% prs"c4ts pc D!"nul h4h cu" h k!st #0dust *n chsh lus <hhhrshA9
N
C2. Luch% &%6'"BA.
MCDSTHSH 67 435
h2lc g+.dus*c <n )sc) ul +u: s2sc4 c" c cu 0hs 0ul + <nd*c) +3s*c dcc< S2<n h Clsshbc h 4s /cs <nlbcus )*sn u0slsn3+ ccch cc"3s ls)sc4 c ch c/lh/sc. PUNCTUL 7 >Dc undc 0sc hcchs h = .scc S2<n h Clsshbc h% dc4s c*h /c*s4bh*+ 4s s2<n h c*h =% Mhsch Db0nulus 0cu s+ /sn+ lh 0sncO C<nd h0 0c*s h cu h < h 2c*scs*cO Cu 0hs )u3sn dcc< *bhb+% ch Rcgsnh Cc*u*slb*." N"h s)us c+ <nsu4s Db0nul 4s Du0nc.cul% )cn *u c+ h4h cc/h h* 2s 2bs 0hs )*csus dc cu/sn c: dhc+ sc 2<s <cc4 c <ns+ dc 0hsc+% cc s"h* 2s <n <0)lh cu sn2sns ul% /c4nscul% s0cnsul 4s h b )u c*nscul KsuO Hccs h*gu0cn dc lh sn2c*sb* lh su)c*sb* hDungc ch s1"& cbn/sng+ 4s )c un
sc*h2s0% dh*0s c )c b 2u*nsc+. Mh*c /b*b+ cch h S2sn cs Clsshbc h. Hdc/+*h h )sld+ )cn *u b3s ccs cc sc cu0sncc+. >Dc undc 0sc hcchs hO" Cu hs 2cl dc cu/sn c *cbusc 4s u s+ <ncc)s% su2lc c hl 0cu. c<nd hs h"& g+.dus )c un Db0n h < dc <nhl : *c)c +"lc dc 0ul c b*s. >Dc undc 0sc hcchs h% 0sc% un /sc*0c Dbsnsc% un )+c+ bs ncnb*bcs % unul ch*c 0c*s + nbs shdu*s: 0sc% )lsn dc )+ch c% sng*h 4s sc+lbs% nc*ccunbsc+ b*: 0sc% b 2u*nscu3+ h )+0<n ulus: 0sc. )ulbc*c 4s ccnu4+: 0sc% un ns0sc 4s chsh* 0hs )u3sn dc"h < hO s s+ /sn+ Du0nc.cu <nsu4sO Db0nul hcclh sn2sns % s0cns 4s /c4nscO s nu nu0hs lh 0snc hchs+% cs <n )sc) ul 0cuO S+ sn *c cl% nu dbh* )c u4h 0ch% cs 4s )*sn *c bu.clc 0clcO S+ )+ *und+ nu dbh* <n sh hcul ccl 0hs hscuns% cs chsh* <n sns0h 0chO Cu0 dc nu 0+ 2<s <ccsc% cu0 dc nu"0s )sc*d cunb4 sn3hO K+*+ dbh* 4s )bh c c+ s<n ncss03s b*. PUNCTUL 6 Sh h0sn c cc bun+ )*s0s*c <s 2hcc S2<n h Clsshbc h bhs)c cs shlc M+*sh 4s cc h cn c P*uncul Sbhn cu P*uncul Du0nc.cu% c+cs <n chsh hs h b ul cs c )c 0+su*+% ns0sch nu c 2+*+ *bs <n *"<nsh. #+.<ndu"sc slbbbd dc /sn+% Sbhn shl + ch s+ sc h)*b)sc dc Db0nul% ch 4s cu0 h* s)unc? B% /snb Tu lh 0snc% Db0nul 0cu 4s Du0nc.cul 0cuQ B% 2+ s+ 0+ )b h)*b)sh dc TsncQ B% cu0 l"h* <0b*+3s4h 4s l" h* s *<ngc 4s s"h* uns cu d<nsul% dhc+ h* )u chQ #bsn3h s"h /+.u ls0)cdc c<nd S2<n h Clsshbc h h hu.s glhsul )*chnc)*sh+ns cs Msclu3c: Sbhn <l *ccunbh4 c )c Msclu4clul Db0"
436 CUMSNCCTBRUL
nulus% ch*c <nl+ u*+ )+ch clc lu0ss: h s+l h dc )l+cc*c% c+cs nu c bucu*sc 0hs 0h*c dcc< sc4s*ch dsn )+ch . Cu0)+nc4 c u% ch*c l"hs )*s0s )c Db0nul? dhc+ Sbhn nu"4s 0hs <nch)c <n ssnc dc bucu*sc <n 0+*un hsclc 0h c*nc% c<nd /cdc c+ <n chsh lus <nch)c Du0nc.cul ccl Sn2sns % u% ch*c l"hs g+.dus hs +.s chsh* <nl+un *ul )sc) ulus +u% cc shl u*s dc sh ss2hc3sc h* *cbus s+ 2hcs )c d*u0ul /s* u3ss% dc s+ hDungs )<n+ lh /sh3h cch /c4nsc+Q Dhc+ Sbhn sc cn u.shs0ch.+ h < h )cn *u c+"& ss0 c h < dc h)*bh)c )c cl% u% ch*c"& hs chsh* <nl+un *ul +u% c< h* *cbus s+ c 0<ng<sQ Dh* /hs% u nu ss03s 4s nu cunb4 sQ Hcblb% Db0nul h *+0hs <n )<n ccclc P*chs2sn cs Mhscss shlc% sh* hscs *ccc <n *"hl +u: Sbhn nu s"h )u u h)*b)sh nu0hsdcc< dc Db0nul% b*sc< dc 0h*s s2b*3+*s h 2+cu % sh* u c h)*b)ss h < dc 0ul % <nc< c unc4 s shc*h0cn hl cu cl. S2<n ul Sbhn h db*s s+ hDung+ h"4s ls)s bu.clc dc )scsbh*clc Db0nulus% h c+*us shndh n"h cu c.h 0hs h)bs% dc4s 0hs s2<n % nscs s"b dc.lcgc% sh* u <l )*s0c4 s )c bu.clc hlc% <l )us <n gu*+% <l <nghs3s 4s"& 0+n<ncs: s *+dusc4 c" c s+ *+sc4 s dsn Cl% cu Cl 4s )cn *u Cl. PUNCTUL ( Tb3s hu *+0hs bucu*b4s 4s b3s *ccunbsc+ b*s. Clsshbc h% )c 0+su*h u0slsn3cs shlc% h *ccunbscu hh <*ul: h 2bs )lsn+ dc Duhul S2<n <n 0ul3u0s*s 4s"n s *sg+*s% )*s0snd 4s 0ul3u0snd: )*uncul Sbhn nu 4s"h hscuns bucu*sh c<nd s"h 2+cu <n *"h < h ss03s +% 4s chsh* dhc+ nu )bh c cu s *sg+ c% )*sn shl u*s 4s"b 2hcc cunbscu +: c*h glhs hl Db0nulus 4s s"h bs cns <n *u lhudclc"s ds/snc. H c<n h Mhsch Kccsbh*+% )*ch0+*snd )c Db0nul% luc*+ b* dc 0slbs cnss 4s 0snuns. Su2lc c% nu h0u3s bc0hs u )*sn *c h < ch glhsu*s dc lhud+: 2ss glhs dc sl+/s*c cu Sbhn% nu +cc*c 0u + cu Zhhh*sh: dcschsdc"3s gu*h <n *u 0ul3u0s*c% dc /*c0c cc"hs dcschss"b )cn *u 0<nch*c: nu"s 2sc )sc) ul )+du*c3% )*sn <nssngu*h*c% cs dc cu* chn hl Cc*ulus )*sn *ccunb4 sn3+: <nhl3+ glhsul cu Clsshbc h% shl + cu Sbhn 4s )*ch0+*c4 c"& cu M+*sh P:hs2<n h.
MCDSTHSH 66 437
PUNCTUL & #ugc + c< dc *+u )b*ns3s c*hu cc +3cnss Bc lcc0ulus% dc /*c0c cc nu s"hu g+.dus <n chsclc lb* )c" hccsh cc"h* 2s 0c*s h "b chsh* <n *+*unchss lb*: Puscsc*+ s +)<ns*c )c cs *u2sh 4s l+cb0sh% 4s hs 2cl
nu lc *+0+scsc lbc )cn *u bhs)c3s h < dc s+*hcs 4s dc u0sls: nu lc b2c*+ nscs 0+ch* un unghc* cclb* c+*b*h lc"h* 2s 2bs dh b*s cu sns0slc lb*. B*bs3s dc sn c*cs% *udclc nu /+d bsnclc cc lc sn *+ )c u4s% sh* ccs ch*c nu"& *ccunbsc )c Du0nc.cu <n s+*hc nu"& *ccunbsc nscs )c Du0nc.cu dc/cns s+*hc. Sh h0sn c% su2lc c% c+ hs +.s /h /cns s+ bh + lh u4h chscs hlc Db0nul <nsu4s: dhc+ hcblb <nchss <n chlch4ch /s*gsnhl+% hscs hcb)c*s <n *"b Bs sc: gblc4 c"3s sns0h dc b cc cs c lu0c ch s+ 2hcs lbc Cc*ulus b ? c+cs un C0)s*cu sc cu/cnch s+ 2sc s<nul undc h/ch s+ *hg+ P*uncul hccs h u*sh4: chu + s+"& <0)bdbbc4 s cu s0c*cnsc 4s s+*+csc% c+ hccs ch s<n sculclc cc"s )lhc 0ul 0h*clus Bhs)c c )c ch*c"& h4 c)3s. PUNCTUL 7 Pclc*snss cc*ulus u0bl+"n c+u h*ch unus cbl3 dc lu0c undc s+ *hg+ <n gh.d+% 4s nu"& g+scsc: ns0cns nu"s *ccunbh4 c% dc nc*ccunbsc+ b*s cc s<n : nu ch hdscscsc nscs 0+ch* s+"s )*s/chsc+ shu s+"s hscul c. Sh + c+ hcclh cc nu <nch)c"n Cc*u*s nu g+sc4 c b <nc+)c*c <n lu0c% sh* )c /sc*0clc Dbsnsc cc nu h*c nscs b <nc+)c*c <n Cc* nu"& <nch)c lu0ch bh +: Kccsbh*h /h 2s cblsndh dsn )bh* +"n )bh* +% 4s )c bh c lc g+sch <nchssc% )c c<nd cclc hlc Cc*ulus c*hu lh*g dcschssc: dc lh chsh uncs *udc *ccch lh chsh unus cunbscu : b3s 2+cchu )c 0s*h3ss% <h *cb<nd"b csnc cs c. Kccsbh*h /h 2s *+s)uns c+"s b s+*0hn+ )clc*sn+% sb3sh unus s+*0hn dulghc*% 4s% hu.snd
L C2. Luch, :, SS.
(68
CUMSNCCTBRUL
dc"h < h s+*+csc% b3s lc *<n chu u4h"n nhs. Nu /b*bs h4h Dbh0n+% c+ lu0ch nu )*scc)c ls0bh hcchs h? s)unc c+ c4 s P*sn3csh P+0<n" ulus% Rcgsnh Cc*ulus% <0)+*+ chsh <n *cgss c*ch3ss. Dh* /hs% s lu*slc hccs ch glb*sbhsc *+0<n )cn *u u4h h% b% su2lc c hl 0cuQ Sh h0sn c c+ hs +.s sbsc4 c"n 2h3h cs Dbh0nh 4s"3s cc*c s+ b )*s0c4 s% s+"s dhs un lbc undc s+"& nhsc+ )c P*uncul Du0nc.cu: sh sch0h cc"s *+s)un.s. Dc c< c b*s nu s"hs *c2u.h sn *h*ch cu 0hs 0h*c g*bsbl+nsc dcc< hcc4 shQ H4hdh*% <nsu2lc3c4 c"b cu 0hs 0ul + c*cdsn3+ 4s cugc + c+ <nsu4s P*uncul Du0nc.cu% ch*c hcblb c+u h un lbc undc s+ sc nhsc+% hscs chu + )c csnc/h ch*c s+"& )*s0chsc+: hcblb <n *c /+lu*s /s*gsnhlc% hscs <n *c dhlbc hccsdcn c: bh c lh )b*3slc sns0ss% 4s ns0cns nu"s *+s)undc: ccl subs dc Th +l ccl #c4nsc% ccl db*s dc <ngc*s nu g+sc4 c )c ns0cns ch*c s+"& subchsc+. Cs% su2lc c hl 0cu% scbhl+" c dsn )h ul nc)sb4cnscs hlc% hl <nclsnh3sslb* lu0c4 s% gh h% nu 0hs lcnc/s% c+cs hl 2cl /h *ccc 0hs dc)h* c c+ *c hl hd+)bs 0hs nb*bcbsQ PUNCTUL 6 Cu/<n ul <n *u)h nu h/ch undc s+ sc nhsc+: nu"& dbh*c h < h c+ c su*ghsuns dc undc *cbusc s+"s 2sc )h *sh% c< c+ nu c )*s0s hcblb undc c Chsh P<snss. B% cu0 l"h* 0hs )*s0s <ngc*ss <n 0sDlbcul cc clb* lb* <nh*s)h cQ Cu0 l" h* 0hs hd+)bs s sbh*clc 4s s"h* b2c*s )*b)*sul s+u ccn *u d*c) c*s/h Q Cu0 s"h* 0hs 0u h C0)s*cul )c )+0<n ch s+"s sluDchsc+ d*c) )hlh Q Dh* nscs unus nu s sc"ng+dusc hsc0cnch 2c*scs*c% b )+s *ch.+ dbh* )cn *u snc. B% u% ccl cc /ss s+ c cu0snccs% b2c*+"s P*unculus <0)+* +4s )sc) ul +u d*c) hd+)bs % 0+*un hsclc hlc s+ 3s sc s2<4sc 4s d*c) scu ccc s+"s sluDchsc+ b+sc*slc sns0ss hlcQ <n cclc dsn u*0+% bs cns3s 4s b2cnsh3s% s"hu *c *hs <n *" un s hul% dsn ch*c Db0nul 4s"h 2+cu ccn *u% )c c0csul s+*+cscs 4s u0slsn3cs lus: hcblb hns0hlclc <l )*s0csc cu s0c*cnsc )c ccl *cs)sns dc bh0cns cu s+lb+ scsc: Mhsch sh &"h h4c.h <n *"b scslc% lu<ndu"& dsn c<nd <n c<nd <n )bhlc: sc bdshnc4 c <n )hsc ccl 0hs bun g*+un c% )b2 sndu"s )c b3s <n Chsh P<snss% )cn *u ch b3s s+"& 0+n<ncc. Su2lc c% nu 2s 0hs ncss03s b* dcc< /s clc: bbul <l *ccunbh4 c )c Rcgclc s+u: nu"& <ndc)+* h bc0hs u )c S +)<nul +u: )*s/c4 c"& cu c*cdsn3+ /sc 4s /cs cbns h h c+ hcclh4s% <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h % ch*c s + ch hcblb <n scslc% c hscs <n Hl h*: hcblb% ccl 0ul %
MCDSTHSH 6(
(6'
hs 2s *cu4s s+"& 0<ng<s 4s s+"& s+*u3s% hscs s+"& 0+n<ncs: hcblb% l"hs 2s s *<ns lh s<n% hscs <l )us <n cl: nhsc+"sc% dh*% <n sns0h h 4s s csc"s <n )*chD0+ bh c 2hcul +3slc hlc% unclc subsndu"&% hl clc cbn c0")l<ndu"&% sluDsndu"& 4s hdb*<ndu"& cu bh clc. PUNCTUL ( Nu s"h g+ss )c )+0<n ns0cns ch*c s+"& g+.dushsc+ )c P*uncul Du0nc.cu% nscs csnc% b dh + n+scu % s+"& <ncbnDu*c cu h cn3ss: h 2bs nc/bsc s+ cbbbh*c cu* cnss dsn cc* 4s% hs 2cl% hu c<n h cs slh/h lus Du0nc.cu 4s s" hu 2clscs h )c bh0cns% )*c/cnsndu"s <n )*s/sn3h g*h s udsnss. Su2lc c% dc /*c0c cc h.s Cc*ul s"h s *+0u h <n )sc) ul +u 4s Cu/<n ul ccl #c4nsc dc lh s<nul Th +lus <n *+*unchss +s% dsn )bhlh Mhscss shlc <n sns0h h% cu0 dc nu b 3ss b <n *"b lhud+ 4s nu c b)c4 s <n lhc*s0s dc dusb4scO Gu*ss cc"h 0<nch hsc0cnch h*hn+ nu"s s + bsnc h < dc <nchss+: bu.clc sc+ldh c dc lhc*s0slc unus Du0nc.cu P*unc% cu0 bh*c s<n h < dc usch cO Cc*c <ngc*slb* s+"3s <0)*u0u c ls0bslc lb* ch s+ lc s0s3s lhudclc. Rbhg+" c% c<n +% hclh0+% .sc<nd? >Ksc )cn *u Du0nc.cu slh/h% 4s )cn *u 0snc *bdul )+css"% cu bun+ 4s
c/lh/sbhs+ /bs*c. H0sn.
A7
CUMSNCCTBRUL
h2<nh 4s"h"& )*cg+ s cu 0h*c g*sD+: s0ulgc bu*uscnslc ch s+ nu"& s <nDcnchsc+: h*dc 0+*+csnss ch s+ nu"& <n+bu4c 4s"ndc)+* ch.+ )sc *clc ch s+ nu"& <n0b*0<n c.c% c+cs h*c h <3sh /*+D0h4s <nhsn c dc h sc nh4 c 4s 0ul 0hs 0ul3s <nc+ du)+ cc s"h n+scu . Sh h0sn c c+ h.s% s)*c 0h*clc +u nb*bc% /h s+ chd+ bbbul ccl 0hs *bdnsc 4s ccl 0hs s+0<n3bs dsn cc* <n 3+*<nh u0sl+ h )sc) ulus +u% <n bgb*ul sns0ss hlc. S *+dusc4 c" c% h4hdh*% 0hs <n <s s+"& )*cg+ c4 s ch s+ c )b3s bucu*h dc cl: ud+"& cu lhc*s0s ch*c s+"& <n0bhsc: s0ulgc /scsslc cu *+d+csns cu b % ch s+ nu"& s <nDcnchsc+: h*dc 0+*+csnss l+cb0sslb*% ch s+ nu"& <n+bu4c: <nl+ u*+ g*sDslc su)+*+ bh*c% ch s+ nu"s s ch <n chlc: <ndc)+* ch.+ )sc *clc nc)+s+*ss 4s hs)*s0ss hlc% ch s+ nu"& <n0b*0<n c.c% )cn *u ch <n 2clul hccs h% s<nu*slc *+*unchslb* +s% bsnc )*cg+ s3s 4s cu*+3h3s% s+ )*s0chsc+ bbbul ccl 0+*sns0bs cc /h 2hcc s+ *bdchsc+ hh*ul 4s c /h h*+ns cu /sh3h /c4nsc+. PUNCTUL 7 Du)+ cc h )*cg+ s )+**s<n ul% sc0+n+ b*ul hh*nsc sc *c.c4 c dss dc ds0snch3+% scsc lh c<0) 4s% cu 0<n+ gcnc*bhs+% <0)*+4 sc bbbul ccl 0hs bun dsn g*<nh*clc shlc: 3+*<nh <l )*s0c4 c"n s<nu"s dhlb% <l hd+)bs c4 c hcblb 4s"& bc*b c4 c: h)h <s d+ 0us % sbh*clc c+ldu*+% /+.duhul su2lh*c: bbbul 2c* sl <ncc)c h dh sc0nc dc /sh3+% )*sndc h sc4s lh lu0sn+% )u c*ch <nchss+"n cl <s l+*gc4 c ss03u*slc 4s sc <n sndc dcb)b *s/+ s)*c hd<nc% cu *+d+csns u0slc ch*c s+"& s)*sDsnc% 4s c+ *c <nhl % cu 2*un.s4u*s 0<nd*c ch*c s+"& *sdscc"n sl+/s. Cu0)+nc4 c cu0 hs +.s hh*nscul Hg*scul b* hl su2lc ulus +u s *+0u + dsn s<nul ds/sn <n s<nul +u )+0<n csc bbbul ccl 0hs 0sc.bs% dcs2+ h*c h cc*ulus <nsu4s: <n )sc) ul +u h c+.u : hd+)bs" c4 c"& cu <n2l+c+*h*c% ud+"& cu dusb4sc% bc*b c4 c"& cu c/lh/sc% <nsu2lc3c4 c"& cu c*cdsn3+ /sc% <n2h4+"& <n n+dcDdch h% )+s *ch.+"l <n d*hgbs ch h 2sc*bsn c% ch s+ sc <n*+d+csnc.c cu s0c*cnsc <n *+*unchss +s% s+ c*chsc+ <n su2lc ul +u% <ncunun<ndu"3s"& cu *bhdc hlc slh/cs. PUNCTUL 6 C dc 0s*h*c cu cc +*sc bl<nd+ sh bbbul dc g*<u <n s +)<ns*c )+0<n ul% <s s *+)ungc hd<ncul 4s"s c*h)+ su)*h2h3h: dss)*c3usc4 c
MCDSTHSH 6(
((&
snh% ch s+ nu sc 0u*d+*chsc+ dc ch% 4s )b)ulch.+ /+.duhul% ch s+ *bnc.c hcblb: <s <n/sngc )c nu0c*b4ss /*+D0h4s cc s sc"0)b *s"/csc? b*u0clc ch*c l"h* b2sls% .+)c.slc ch*c l"h* hcb)c*s% gc*u*slc ch*c l"h* h0b*3s% /<n u*slc cc l"h* 2*<ngc% dh* cl% *su02<nd hsu)*h u u*b*h% susc% c*c4 c 4s sc"nhl3+. Hcu0 <4s schs0b+ /c*dclc s0h*hldclb* h*+ bhsc )c culbh*ch b+lhsc h s)sculus cc"& <ncunun+ cu hu*% 0us +3slc sluDsndu"s d*c) 3c)u4c. Cc 2*u0bhsc *bnch.+ hbldclc% dhc+ 0hs sc*s /c*.s% hcu0 hu*s c% bucu*<ndu"lc bchss cclb* cc lc )*s/csc 4s <nc+ 4s 0hs 0ul )c"hs s +)<hslb*% ch*c *hg 2blbhsc dc )c u*0h lb*Q Cu0)+nc4 c% dh*% dhc+ bh + hs h c luc*h*ch unus g*+uncsb* 0h c*shl dc g*<u% <n *"b 0<n+ dc 3+*<nh% cc bh*c nu /h )u ch 2hcc bbbul <0)+* +4s <n )sc) ul cclus cc"& )*s0c4 c cu /*cdnscscO D+"s )*slcD s+ )*snd+ *+d+csns <n *+*unchss +s% c*chsc+ )*sn 2hcul +3slc hlc% l+*gchsc+"sc <n sns0h h% cbhc+"sc <n /bsn3h h% *bnc.c <n sn clcc ul +u 4s *bhdclc hh*u*slb* shlc <ncununc.c"3s cugc ul. B% cc 0<nd*u h*h + bgb*ul )sc) ulus +u cu hbldclc bbgh c hlc h < b* 4s h < dc <n2l+c+*h c cb0unsunsQ Cc )*s/cls4 c 2*u0bhs+ )cn *u <ngc*s 4s cc )l+cu + 0h*clus +u S +)<n% ch*c c Du0nc.cuQ #snb cu *cs)cc s+"& /c.s 4s cu bucu*sc s+"& sh/u*c.s: <0bbg+3c4 c"3s su2lc ul cu 0+nunchsu*s dc /s* u3s% cu cununs dc slh/+. PUNCTUL ( Cc /bsb4s h)uc+ sccc*+ b*ss sccc*slc% cu c< + )l+cc*c lc 0s4c+Q Sh* ccs ch*c"nhsn c sc4ssc*+ cu 0<hns*c
s+ h*uncc bbbul% hcu0h <l culcg cu /csclsc: hu sc0+nh )c 2*sg 4s sccc*+ )c c+ldu*+% <4s 2hc hu.s + )*sn s *sg+ c 0ul3u0s*ch% dh*% ch 3+*hns% s<n 0hs dcg*hb+ )b2 s b*s dcc< *ccunbsc+ b*s d+*us b*ulus% lhudclc du0nc.csc4 s cc h* 2s 2bs dc h4 c) h *cduc<ndu"sc lh chsb c )*b2hnc. Su2lc c% u ch*c h.s *ccunb4 s *bhdclc hcclus bbb cc*csc <nsu s % nu"s s0s h )c"hcc4 sh <n sng*h s udsnc% cs dbh* <n 0ul3u0s*c: <nhl3+ glhsul <n *u bshnhlclc ds/snc: c<n +**lc dc 0+*s*c hlc 0ul3u0s*slb* hlc s+ sc cbnshc*c )*ch0+*s*ss slh/cs lus: *+sunc s0)hnul 4s )shl c*sbnul% c<nd <n h2cc c% c<nd <n s *sg+*s: *ccunb4 sn3h 2sc"3s )c 0+su*h gcnc*b.s +3ss sn2sns c% .+0sslsnd dh b*ss dc 0ul3u0s + h)h* c% *sbu u*s dc /c4nsc+ slh/+. H0sn.
442 CUMSNCCTBRUL

PUNCTUL & /bn c0)l+ cc c*un <l <ncch*c+ )+0<n ul )c Rcgclc Cc*ulus? /ul)slc hu /s.usn+ 4s )+s+*slc cc*ulus cusbu*s? 2sul 0b*3ss 4s hl )+ch ulus <l )*sgbnc4 c )c Hu b*ul hh*ulus 4s"hl /sc3ss. Cc su c"& sslcsc s+ )+*+schsc+ Cc h ch 2lb*slb* )c ccl cc s"h n+scu )cn *u s)snsQ <n b*h3clc Mhscss shlc sh d*u0ul Cgs) ulus% 3snu hl )l+gslb* 4s bc.nclb*% 4s cu c< + bh*bh*sc <l <ndc)+* ch.+ cgs) cnss% 4s cc *+u <l )*s0csc: <nchsd )b*3slc bsnclus ch*c lc sn *+ )c clc. Su2lc c% hs +.s <nsu4s P*uncul Du0nc.cu b )b*nc4 c s)*c Cgs) ul sns0ss hlc% dhc+ hcblb <n2+4h <n scu ccc% hscs h0cs cch )*sn *c hccsdcn c: nu"& hducc )hcbs ch% cs d*hgbs ch: nu 2ugc dc 2sss bh0cnslb*% cs"s chu +% )l+cc*ch sh 2ssnd s+ s ch cu cs: nu"& g+.dus <n 2clul bh*bh* cgs) chn% cs c< 0hs h)*b)sh dc cu* c"nsh Cc*ulus: 4s dhc+ sns0h h s"h )*c2+cu <n *"un Cgs) % cb/<*4s dc <n unccs0slc nc4 ssn3cs% )lsn dc sdbls hs )h s0slb*% )*+bu"4chsc+"sc nu0hsdcc< lh )+0<n % *su02c *h0u*slc dc 2snsc% <n2lb*chsc+ /s* u3slc% 3<4nchsc+ s./bh*clc hh*ulus 4s 2sc )*bsl+/s 4s hdb*h hdc/+*h ul Du0nc.cuQ PUNCTUL 7 Lung+ h 2bs 4s h*c hnc/bsbhs+ c+l+ b*sh cclb* *cs )clc*sns dc lh Sc*ushls0 <n Cgs) % 4s <nc+ 4s 0hs c*un + )*s0s*ch: hu <ndu*h bh c nc)l+cc*slc d*u0ulus 4s nu s"hu bucu*h dc 0<ng<sc*slc bdshncs. Ns0cns nu /bsh s+"s g+.dushsc+% 2ssndc+"s /cdchu s+*hcs 4s s *+sns% 4s dhc+ nu g+sssc*+ lbc dc )b)hs )*sn *c *udc 4s cunbscu3s% cu0 hl 2cl )*sn *c s *+sns 4s nccunbscu3sO Tb3s sc /b* 2s 2c*s dc d<n4ss% ch dc ns4 c /cnc scs% 4s chsh* <4s /b* 2s s)us? >#sn hscs 2ugsnd dsn 3h*h lb*"% cs h* 2s ns0c*s "b dhc+ h* 2s s)us dsn Cc*ul lb*: sc c0 s+ nu lc Dc2ushsc+ h/u3sslc% 4s"h* 2s )u u s)unc sns0slc: <s )*s"
LC2. Mhtcs, :, &6"&8.
MCDSTHSH 6B 443
((B
MCDSTHSH 6A Dcsprc !spul dc lh nunth dsn Chnh Ghlslcts, hplschsh C!"unsunc&.

A(
C2. S!hn, 7%&"&&.
ssndu"lc h/u ul <n hlc )bssbslulus% lc )*ssbsc4 c sns0h <n hlc 0+*s"ns0scs. Mh*c h/hn hD s)*c h"& )u ch g+.dus )c Ssus 4s h"& h4c.h lh 0hsh lb*% s)*c h"s 0c*s h 0slbs s/s*slc? 0c*s ul ls sc *clsc2ch.+ cu h < 0hs 0ul % cu c< cC)c*scn3h 0snunslb* lus C*ss bs lc c*h 0hs *cdus+? <nc+ nu"& /+.usc*+ 2+c<nd /*cb 0snunc% dh* hu bsnc0c*s h s+ <ncch)+ cu cs. Sh h0sn c c+ dhc+ h.s *cbusc s+"& g+.dusc4 s <n chsh 4s"n )sc) ul +u )c Ssus <nsu4s% Db0nul 4s h b lchcul +u% Ms*c 4s bhs)c c lh nun h su2lc ulus +u% c nc/bsc s+ c <nh*0c.s cu b h < ch /s* u3s ch 4s cl% 4s 2sc cch dsn <s b c*cdsn3+ /sc% u*0c.c"s b subs*c h*.+ bh*c% cu b <nc*cdsn3h*c nchb+ u + c+"& )b2 c4 s s+ s+/2*4chsc+ 0snuns dcb)b *s/+. PUNCTUL 7 C <ns+ dc 0h*c <nsc0n+ h c s+ cugc s cu0 dc ls)sc4 c /snul bc0hs <n bsul bs)+3ulus 4s% cu cl% /csclsh cunbscu +% *ssc bbs4nus hl )l+cc*slb* lu0c4 s. Dss)h*c"n cls)+% l+s<ndu"s )c b3s cu 0sc*ch )c bu.c 4s 2sc*ch"n sns0+ 4s nu 2hc hl cc/h dcc< s+ <nchsnc cu /sn ch s+ sc u0)lc dc /cnsn: ccs dsn Chnh Ghlslcss dhu 2ugh dc.h0+gs3s% ch s+ 2hc+ *bs dc )l+cc*slc Cc*ulus% ch*c s<n hdc/+*h c 4s *hsnscc: b )un d*c) 0sDlbcs bh*c )c Mh0+% chlc nc<n *ccu + )cn *u h"4s hssgu*h 0slbs s/s*slc Ksulus: nu sc s)unc c+ h* 2s s*bss s0) shu /b*bc ch s+"4s <n2+3s4c.c )+sul hccs cs Dbh0nc% dcbh*ccc uncsh ch ch% h < dc )sbhs+% <s c dc"hDuns s+"& h2lc: hu h)clh lh M+*sh 4s M+*sh lh Ssus% hcchs h 2ssnd b*dsnch <n luc*h*ch ds/sn+. H.s% su2lc c% cu hccch4s dc.h0+gs*c 4s nu 0hs )u3sn+ cC)c*scn3+% d+ 2ugh <n c+u h*ch 0<ng<sc*ss cc*c4 s% c+cs s./b*ul lus hscs <4s h*c bb<*4sh% <n Hl h*% 4s )c l<ng+ 2h) ul c+ c ccl 0hs bun /sn% h*c 4s <nsu4s*ch dc h 2s )c*cn 4s% cu bh c c+ )h*c nbu% cs c /c4nsc. Lch)+d+ sh ss2hc3sslc chl)c hlc )+0<n ulus <nhsn c dc h c lc)+dh clc )c snc: sh sch0h c+ clc dss)h* c<nd <3s c lu0ch 0hs d*hg+% 4s nu0hs Du0nc.cu *+0<nc: clc nu sh u*+: nu0hs h*hnh hcchs h ds/sn+ <ndcs ulch.+. PUNCTUL 6 Tb dchunh 0slbs% sh* hcu0 4s bblsgh dc *ug+0sn ch Mhscss shlc% Db0nul <4s snhugu*ch.+ 4s*ul 0snunslb* du0nc.csc4 s% ch 4s )c ccl hl lchcu*slb* b0cnc4 s: )*c2hcc h)h <n /sn% hdsc+ su)+*+*slc )+0<n ulus <n 0<ng<sc*slc Cc*ulus: lscbh*ch h 2bs gcnc*bhs+% ch ss0bbl
((A
CUMSNCCTBRUL
hl hccs us Shc*h0cn Ds/sn 4s ch dh* hl uncs 0<sns h < dc gcnc*bhsc% c+cs dhnsslc lus Du0nc.cu hu 2bs <n b dchunh bnb*h c: <ncc) s+"& sh/u*c.c bh unss% bh hl3ss 4s s1"& )*bsl+/chsc+ unhns0% 2+*+ s+ sc )sh*d+ nscs b )sc+ u*+: b3s <l gus + 4s b3s sc 0snunch.+% *+0<n<nd ncs)us dc sh ss2+cu3s dc un bs)+3 cu .h3 h < dc bun. Cu0)+nc4 c cc hh <* 0ul 0hs 0s*hculbs lc 2hcc hs +.s Db0nul cclb* )b2 s3s lh 0hsh lus 4s cu c< <s c gus ul 0hs scu0): 0bhsc"3s bu.clc 4s /cs /cdch cu c< 0hs dcs2+ + b* c /snul hccs h cu ch*c c <0bsc h.s? hcclh h 2bs luc*h*ch h b )u c*nscscs shlc% hccs h h d*hgbs cs shlc ncs2<*4s c? hcblb% ch s+ bb3sn+ /snul hcclh. Db0nul 4s"h
<n sns 0<nh cch )u c*nsc+% hscs 4s"h s2<4sh <ns+ )sc) ul: hcblb hu u0)lu 0hs <n <s hsd*sslc cu h)+% hscs *cbusc s+"3s u0)ls u )h ul cu lhc*s0s. Dhc+ 0s*chsh h )*c3us h < dc 0ul 2h) ul c+ Rcgclc h sn *bdus"b <n lhbb*h b*ul /snu*slb* shlc% ch*c s<n 0<ng<sc*slc ds/snc% cu c< 0hs 0ul *cbusc s+ 2ss u *ccunbsc+ b* hs +.s )cn *u hh <*ul dc h"3s 2s b2c*s s./bh*clc ncscch c hlc s<ngclus s+uO #cns3s% su2lc c )*chscu0)c% cu sc c 4s bc3s )<n+ /+ <0b+ h3s dsn d*hgbs ch du0nc.cshsc+% 4s s)unc 4s u b dh + cu s h*bs clc bs)+3ulus? >B% dc 0"h4 2s bucu*h 0hs dc 0ul dc 0hsh hcchs hQ B% dc"h4 2s 0c*s <nc+ dc lh <ncc)u ul /sc3ss 4s dc 0ul c b*s lh hccs P*chs2<n Shc*h0cn Q" PUNCTUL ( C2cc clc unus /sn h < dc cCcclcn hu 2bs h2cc clc )lsnc dc *ccunb4 sn3+ c+ *c Hu b*ul s+u. Dc <ndh + cc"hu h2lh dc )*bdsgsu. l"hu 4s 2+cu )ublsc: 0s*ss <ns+% /+.<ndu"sc )c c< dc snch)hbsls dc"h sc hchs h% )c"h < dc <ndh b*h3s dc hh <*% s"hu *+s)uns lus C*ss bs cu *c)c h c db/c.s dc *ccunb4 sn3+% sh* cclb*lhl3s cu h)lhu.c% 4s )c bun+ d*c) h c% c+cs un /sn h < dc hlcs% cc )*bducc c*sns nc)*sh+ns3s% h* *cbus s+ 2sc *<0bs3h )c )+0<n 4s"n Cc*. Dsn *c b3s. sn/cn h bh*ch )u*s +3ss h <n+l3h 0ul3u0s*slc <n nu0clc u u*b*h% )*cschs0b<nd *h.clc dc lh)sc )*chcu*h )c ch*c s lc d+dusc 2sulus s+u% <n scu0)c ch b*cn clb* h < dc )u*c )*s0s c hs +.s. Su2lc clb*% s0)lb*h3s"b )c Dbh0nh hcchs h s+ /+ hDu c s+ /+ hchs h3s dc hsc0cnch hh <*u*s ncbbs4nus c )*sn db/c.s dc *ccunb4 sn3+ c< 0hs )*b0) c% <n *uc< cclus 0hs 0h*c dsn *c )*bdsgss <n *u hh* 4s h2cc3sunc nu"s )b3s *+s)undc dcc< cu lhudc ncbbs4nus c. B% dhc+ 0ul3u0s*slc h* 2s )c 0+su*h hh*ulusQ C+cs dhc+ hcclh h 2bs . )*s0ul sc0n hl lus C*ss bs% hccs h c )ccc ch db/c.slb* shlc dc h2cc3sunc 4s *su02ul d*hgbs cs lus.
MCDSTHSH 65 447

PUNCTUL & #cs 0cds h c< dc <ndu*c*h + sc /h 2s )b0cns hs +.s b hsc0cnch Mh0+ 2+*+ un hsc0cnch Ksu% )c c< dc nc0<ng<sh +% )c"h < dc <nssngu*h +: ssngu*+ h ch <ns+4s dublch.+ 01hns*ch% dcbh*ccc ls)sc4 c bc0hs ccl cc h* *cbus s+ 2sc 0<ng<sc*c )cn *u bh c cclclhl c )sc*dc*s: nu sc )bh c bdshns% c+cs 2+*+ Ssus nu cCss + ccn *u: nu hd0s c 0<ng<sc*c% c+cs nu hs cu cc <nlbcus hbscn3clc lus Du0nc.cu: sc .scc c+ bchss ch*c nu c /+d nu"3s s2+*<0+ sns0h: hscs <ns+ dh% bc0hs )cn *u c+ nu c /+dAA: s./bh*c"s s<n dc h)+ bchss% )cn *u c+ lc ls)sc4 c lu0snh lb*: scbh c sus)snu*s dusbhsc% hdc0cns*D c+ *c Du0nc.cul hbscn : 4 sc bsnc c< dc 0ul h )sc*du % d*c) ch*c"4s d+ h < h sslsn3+ ch s+"& chu c. Cu0)+nc4 c u% su2lc c hl 0cu% c+ dhc+ nu0hs )sc*dc*ch dsn bchs h lus Ssus <s )*scsnusc4 c Mhscss shlc b hsc0cnch 0<hns*c% cc du*c*c h* 2s bh*c )c 0+su*h )sc*dc*ss lus dsn hh*O s dhc+ nc2c*scs*ch nu 3s"h* 2s h < dc 0h*c% )l<ngc 2h) ul c+ h )lcch dc l<ng+ snc dsn )*scsnh nc)sb4cnscs: du" c nu0hsdcc< s+"& chu3s cu h*s)s dc db*u*s% s *sg+"& cu sus)snu*s% )l+ c4 c 0+ch* cu b lhc*s0+ g+ss*ch sh% 4s dhc+ Kccsbh*h n"h 0<nch 4s n"h db*0s )<n+ c<hd nu &"h g+ss % u 0+n<nc+"& c<nd <l g+sc4 s 4s db*0s <n cbn c0)lh*c s2<n +. PUNCTUL 7 Plchc+ Kccsbh*h <n c+u h*ch Ksulus s+u Du0nc.cu% )c c< dc subs % )c"h < dc db*s : nu"& chu + ch 0s*chsh <n )h ul bdshncs shlc% cs"n 0sDlbcul s0s*ncs dsn <s: u* u*sch"nssngu*h + )b*nc4 c <n c+u h*ch cb0b*ss shlc hbscn c% glhsul s s"h hu.s )c )+0<n ul nbs *u% c+cs h sbss /*c0ch ss)+4s*ss? u0bl+ bch+snd 0sclu4chuh cch nc)*sh+ns + 4s
A6 &&
((8 CUMSNCCTBRUL
<n *chb+ dc Msclul lus Du0nc.cu% )c ch*c 4s hl +dh + /bssc s+"& <nghs + S*bd% lu)ul s<ngc*bs: <n *chb+ )*sn *c *udc 4s cunbscu3s% c+cs s"h* cu/cns ch cs s+"s 4 sc u*0h: d+ 2ugh lh c0)lu 4s ns0c*c4 c% c+cs un Ksu bun c cu ssgu*hn3+ dc g+ss <n chsh bunulus s+u Th +. <n/h3+% su2lc c% hcchs + dsscs)lsn+ 4s 0bdul dc h"& g+ss )c Du0nc.cu: nu /cs dh dc cl <n /hch*0ul s *+.slb* 4s <nc+ 0hs )u3sn <n h+*0+lhsh )sc3clb*% nu )*sn *c )*sc cns shu *udc lu0c4 s% cs <n c0)lu% ch*c c b chs+ dc *ug+csunc: 2sc"3s bssc*sch ccn *u% chu +"& <n hbc*nhcblc% c+cs hcblb"& 3snc <n c0ns3h subs*ch: )l+ c4 c cu lhc*s0s bucu*sslc 4s cu su2c*sn3c 0<ng<sc*slc: chch0+"& cu sus)s"nu*s 4s dbb<nds"/cs hh*u*slc shlc. PUNCTUL 6 Kccsbh*h sn *+"n c0)lu 4s dcscb)c*+ <n 0sDlbcul <n/+3+ b*slb* <n3clc)csunch Th +lus: 0ul3u0s*ch s"h 2bs *+scu0)+*h*c h du*c*ss. P*ch2c*scs3s ccs cc )Kng% c+cs cs s<n h < dc 0<ng<sh3s h)bsQ Sbh*clc *+s+*s h usch lhc*s0slc hu*b*cs: s"h <nscnsnh )b b)ul dc )l<ns lh h)h*s3sh cu*cubculus )+css% c+cs 0h*c c bucu*sh g+ss*ss lus Du0nc.cu )cn *u csnc"& db*c4 c <n s0) cc"& cunbh4 c. Cu cc <0b*+3s4+*s <l /h 2s cb)lc4s % cu0 <l /h 2s s *<ns lh s<n% .sc<nd cu 0s*chsh? >Pc*sns3+ dc 0s* h 2bs subs ul 0cu% c<nd s"h )sc*du ? hcu0% g+ss % c buchc3cl dc 2lb*s% <n *c s<nss 0cs b s+ *+0<n+." T*cs .slc s"hu *cbus ch s+"& g+schsc+ 4s"n s0)ul lb* *cs 0ss dc sus)snu*s% lhc*s0s 4s s *+dhnss% *ug+csuns 4s du*c*s% ch s+ )*c3ushsc+ 4s 0hs 0ul cb0bh*h g+ss +.
Sh h0sn c% su2lc c% c+ )c snc nu c cbs + h < h g+ss*ch Db0nulus hccs ush% dcbh*ccc b*sc<nd /*cs% <l hs <n Hl h*: /c.s c< dc lh <n"dc0<n+ 4s h)*bh)c dc gu*+ c% dh* n"h4 /*ch ch <ns+4s u4u*sn3h hs h dc h"& g+ss s+"3s 2sc )*slcD dc"h nu"& )*c3us% nu 0hs .sc dc"h"& )sc*dc: )*s0c4 c"l h.s cu hcclch4s ss03+0sn c 4s dusb4ss hlc P*chs2sn cs Mhscss shlc: )unc"3s bu.clc )ccc c )c d<nsul% c+cs nu 3s sc"ng+dusc dbh* s+"& hdb*s% cs *cbusc s+"& 4s 0+n<ncs: nu dbh* s+"& <0b*+3s4c.s% cs s+"& 4s <nghs3s: )+s *ch.+"& <n )sc) ul +u 4s <nchsdc"& <n cl: *c)c + cu 0s*chsh? >Buchc3cl dc 0s* cs c subs ul 0cu )cn *u 0snc% <n *c s<nss 0cs b s+ *+0<n+% unul 2ssnd sn clcc ul% hl ul /bsn3h% unul cbn c0)l<ndu"& 4s hl ul <n2l+c+*<ndu"sc." PUNCTUL ( Tb dchunh Kccsbh*h M+*sh h 2bs )c c< dc *ccunbsc+ bh*c% )c"h < dc 2c*0cc+ bh*c? /h 2s <n+l3h lus Du0nc.cu c<n h*c nbu+
MCDSTHSH 68 (('
)cn *u c+ s"& d+dusc <nc+ b dh + <nh)bs )c subs ul cs Ssus: h /cns )u* h + )c h*s)slc uncs sns0s subs bh*c% sc /h 2s <n b*s <n *s 0ul unus g< lcD *ccunbsc+ b*% )*bsl+/snd 0slbs cnsslc Db0nulus: sc /h 2s bucu*h cu <ngc*ss dc 2c*scs + cc c*h% 2ssndc+ *cg+sssc hh*ul hh*u*slb* 4s s./b*ul h bh c. Cu0 4s"& /h 0hs 2s )+.s du)+ hccch )c P*uncul Du0nc.cu% nc0hs)sc*.<ndu"& /*cbdh + dsn bchs% )*c<n" <0)s*s<hd cu db/c.s dc *ccunb4 sn3+ *sscu*slc dc h"& )sc*dc sh*+4sQ B% su2lc c hl 0cu% u ch*c l"hs g+ss h.s <n Hl h* )c <nsu4s Db0nul hccs h% hsss h dc su2lc c cu*h c cu <ngc*s )*sn *c clc% <ncbnDu*h dc hc*u/s0s <n3clc)3s <n lbc dc <n/+3+ b*s: u ch*c c h2ls cu P*uncul Du0nc.cu <n )sc) ul +u% cc c<n h*c h* *cbus s+ <nhl3sO Cc 0ul3u0s*s s"hducsO Cunbhsc+"sc du)+ *ccunb4 sn3h h )*c3us*ch g+ss*ss: nu 2s nc*ccunbsc+ b*% dhc+ nu /*cs s+ 2ss nc2c*scs : /c.s s+ nu"& )sc*.s <nc+ b dh + 4s )bh c chsh* )cn *u b dchunh: )+s *ch.+"& <n sns0+% c+cs c ssngu*ul +u bdb*: /c.s s+ nu lc dcschs.s )+ch clb* u4h% c+ 3s"& /b* 2u*h.
PUNCTUL & /ugc + cu0 sc *c *hgc C*ss bs% c.hu*ul nbs *u% dsn .h*/h lu0ss s)*c h sc cbnshc*h Th +lus s+u cclus #c4nsc: )bs c4 c )h *u.ccs dc .slc% <n/+3<ndu"nc cu0 s+ nc <n2*+3s0 ch.nh cu *ugh% cclc dbu+ h*s)s cu hDu b*ul c+*b*h .bu*+0 <n <0)+*+3sh lus Du0nc.cu: dc cc ducc ls)s+ *u)ul dc h*hn+% )c"h < h sc sh u*+ duhul cu 0<ng<sc*s du0nc.csc4 s. Dh* cc bun+ )*cg+ s*c% cu *ug+csunc 4s cu )bs % cu )us sc 4s cc*% cu hs)*s0c 4s cbn c0)lh*c% ch s+ 0c*s c bs)+3ul )c ch*c s"& *s0s c h +l ccl #c4nscQ <ngc*ss <l hduc hcclb*h ch*c *+scsc ch <ngc*ss% <n/h3+% su2lc c% ccch cc <n/+3+ b*ul +u Ds/sn% s+/<*4snd% c <n/h3+: c nc/bsc s+ c )*cg+ c4 s cu hcchs + )*b/s.sc dc /s* u3s% ch s+ c h4c.s lh 0hsh dcs2+ +*slb* hlc: 2ugs dc bh0cns% ch s+ c )*b cDc.c <ngc*ss: cbn/c*sch.+ cu Cc*ul% dc /*c0c cc cu )<snc dc hcblb c nu *c4 s: ls)sc4 c" c dc buch clc )+0<n c4 s% 4s hs 2cl c /cs
LB2. Mh cs% (% &"&&.
(B9
(B&
<n2*u) h 0hs 0ul dsn h*hnh cc*chsc+. Scbh c dc"hscs b 0h*c d*hgbs c dc s.blh*c% dc *ug+csunc% dc )bc+sn3+% dc /sh3+ hs)*+% 4s c /cs bucu*h cu dclscss dc bhnchc ul du0nc.cscsc. PUNCTUL 7 Nu dbh* )bs ul dc h < ch .slc h )*cccdh <ns+ bs)+3ul Cc*ulus% cs 2h) ul dc h 2s bb3snu *cs /sc b*ss s *+lucs c hsu)*h cclb* 0hs 0h*s *cs du40hns% <n/+3<ndu"nc s+ <n/sngc0 <nhsn c dc h nc cu0sncch: /sc b*sh )*c0ch*g+ *su02ulus% *+0<n+ bs*us + ch*nch <n 0<nc+*u*slc% lu0ch <n bbg+3sslc 4s dsh/blul <n *u2sslc lb*: bh + /sh3h nbhs *+ s+ *su02c hsu)*h )l+cc*ss% sn c*csulus 4s *u2scs. Db0nul n"h hccc) h bs)+3ul chl) hl dsh/blulus% d*c) ch*c &"h dbb<nds )c"hcclh sc*/s dc c+ *c <ngc*s: hcclh <s b2c*ch )sc *c d*c) )<snc% sh* hcc4 sh <s b2c*+ )<snc d*c) )sc *c. hd+ lh 0hsh Rcgclus csnc h <n/sns *cgsA8. Cbnssdc*+" c hs +.s sn/s h <n )us sh lu0ss hccs csh lh )<snch Cc*ulus: h/<nd h c h4c.h lh 0hsh Rcgclus% /c.s dhc+ hs <n/sns *cgs% /scsslc cc db0nchu hsu)*h h: nu 0hs /cns cu 2sh*c dc *bb lh 0hsh lsbc* +3ss <n sns+ dc c+ *c Ksul lus Du0nc.cu. Csnc *cbusc s+ 0+n<ncc cu Du0nc.cu 4s )c Du0nc.cu <nsu4s s+ nu /sn+ s+ ul dc buch clc lu0ss% c+cs nu /cs gus h )<snch <ngc*slb* dhc+ /ss ghs2 us cu )sc *clc Sh hncs. PUNCTUL 6 Ksul lus Du0nc.cu h ss03s 2bh0c ch un b0% dh* Th +l C c*n% ch*c )*b2c ulus s+u s"h *s0ss )<snc )*sn *"un cb*bA'% h.s <s *s0s c Ksulus s+u 0ul subs h*hn+ )*sn sluDs b*ss s+s h*s)h3s: cc 0<nch*c h
2bs % nu sc s)unc% *+0<n+ s+ 0cds c.s u: ssgu* c c+ nu /h 2s ls)ss )<snch% dc /*c0c cc <ngc*ss c*hu hcblb% 4s c+% h/<nd un Ksu <n2b0c h 4s h < dc subs % Th +l Ds/sn <l /h 2s <n *ccu cu 0ul )c ccl hl 2sulus *sss)s b*. B*sc< h* 2s 2bs <ns+ dc sh/u*bhs+ 0<nch*ch <ngc*slb*% nu su2c*+ cb0)h*h3sc cu cch )c ch*c h.s 3s"b b2c*+ 3sc <nsu4s S +)<nul lb*: lus <s c4 s bhs)c c 4s Cl <nsu4s 3s sc d+ )c ssnc ch h*hn+. Cu0)+nc4 c cu cc bucu*sc c"hs h4c.h hl+ u*s dc Db0nul <n )us sc% cu cc )l+cc*c hs 0<nch dsn )<snch hccch /cns + dsn Cc*: cs
A8
bsnc% <n c3c4 c"3s c*cdsn3h 4s <n3clcgc c+ hscs <l hs )c Db0nul <nsu4s% cu Cl 0+n<ncs 4s )c Cl <l 0+n<ncs% Cl c dcb)b *s/+ ccl cc c )b2 c4 c lh bs)+3 4s bs)+3ul <nsu4s. B% dc l"hs 0<nch lh 2cl dc <n2b0c h cu0 c Db0nul dc sns0h hQ #c.s c+ s<n buch c hlcsc dsn Cc*: 0+n<nc+"lc cu )b2 h dc" hcblb% 0+n<nc+ hsc0cns unus <ngc*% dc /*c0c cc <ngc*ss c sc*/csc 4s c )s.0uscsc. S"h hdus Db0nul 0ul3u0s*slc unus 2su cclus cc s sc h*+ hsc Th + h < dc bun% /c4nsc ch unush /c4nsc 4s dc)lsnc ch unush h < dc gcnc*bs: <4s /h 2s <n+l3h bchss% ch 4s <n hl c dh3s% lh Cc* 4s% 0s"Dsndu"4s"s )c ccs hs su2lc ulus% 4s"s /h 2s h3sn s hsu)*h 0<snslb* dh*nscc hlc Th +lus s+u: )*bsl+/snd /*c*ch cu )u c*ch% sn clcc ul <4s /h 2s *ccunbscu )*c3us*s 4s /bsn3h /h 2s c0hnh h2cc c nccu*0h c. #h 2s <n+l3h s0nu*s )c ch*c lc /b* 2s *cluh cb*u*slc <ngc*c4 s% 2blbssndu"4s bh c )u c*slc 4s 2hcul +3slc ch s+"4s /+dchsc+ *ccunb4 sn3h )cn *u bsnclc dsn *u ch*c b3s sc <0)+* +4ssc*+. S0s +"&% b% su2lc c hl 0cu% )c Db0nul hccs h% <n hducc*ch 0ul3u0s*slb*% sh* )cn *u hh <*u*slc )*s0s c h*h +"3s *ccunb4 sn3h Th +lus cclus #c4nsc )cn *u c+ c"h *h h ch )c un 2su. Cc"s dc 0s*h*c s+ *+sunc c<n +*s dc lhud+ <n gu*h cclus c+*ush Cu/<n ul C c*n s"h 2bs h*hn+O Slbbbhd+"3s sns0h un cu/<n bun59 4s
59
sl!!!hd3ks... un cu *nt !un6 <n cC % >Rcgsscldc u cb*h.bn unh bucnh )hlhb*h"% dc lh rc#!ldhr >h *<g<s"% cCc0)lu s)sc dc 0c h2b*s.h*c h unus *cgss *u lcCschl /ulgh* )*sn *"b 2sgu*+ b*u hl+ dc *ccu)c*h*c <n s)s*s h 2s.sblbgsculus dc*s.b*su. Tc*0cnul 2blbss dc G*hcs1n h/ch 4s )c /*c0ch lus% ch 4s cb*cs)bndcn ul *b01ncsc% hccch4s sc0ns2sch3sc 4bchn +? >Csb sc scnc )b* dcscb* cssh ! /sllhnsh% cs)ccshl0cn c cuhndb sc hh.c dclhn c dc )c*sbnhs hbnb*s2schs" ;>Cs c cbnssdc*h d*c) s0)bls c3c 4s 0bDscsc% 0hs cu sch0+ c<nd c cb0ss dc 2h3+ cu )c*sbhnc bnb*hbslc"% Cb/h**ubshs% Tcs!T!). T*hducc*ch nbhs *+ c cu2c0s.hn +% dc4s h0 2bs cn h3s )<n+ <n ul s0h cls)+ s+ 2blbss0% ch 4s G*hcs1n% /c*bul >h *<g<s". Hu b*ul 2blbsc4 c un cC bsblsc ;Ps.% (B((% 7E? >C*uc h/s cb* 0cu0 /c*bu0 bbnu0": lh . cruct! <nsc0nh >h /+*sh )c gu*+% h /b0h% h s.bucns% h sc *c/+*sh"% scnsul 2s.sblbgsc 4 ssn3s2sc 2ssnd dc./bl h hbsh <n ls0bslc *b0hnscc. TcC ul dsn Ps., *cdh h cnuh <n /c*ssunslc 0bdc*nc hlc Bs!lscs, h 2bs *hdus dc G*hcs1n <n 0bd dclsbc*h )*sn /h*shn h 4bchn 2s.sblbgsc+. Kblbss*ch unus hsc0cnch cu/<n sc <nsc*sc <ns+ lbgsc <n cbn cC ul 0c h2b*s.hn cb0)lcC hl s2c*cs 0<nch ulus% sncluss/ 2h.clc dc dcglu s3sc 4s dsgcs sc% cscn3shl dhc+ h/c0 <n /cdc*c cscn3h > cb2hgsc+" h cuhh*ss scs% cbn cC cC)lbh h )<n+ lh ch)+ dc c+ *c G*hcs1n. Un bs)+3 cb)sbs )*bducc c2cc c 2s.sblbgscc s)ccs2scc snc/s hbslc% )c ch*c nscs b 2hls+ )udbh*c nu lc )bh c ncgh. Ks.sblbgscul )bh c 2s <ns+ >0<n us " <n 0c h2s.sc. Ss0)lh c*uc h3sc nch* sculh + *cbusc <nlbcus + dc un >cu/<n bun" $!ucnh phlh!rh), cu/<n ul% h* sculh3sh lbgb c sc+ s *uc u*ch.+ hns0hlscul h0b*2% c*uc h3sh c sh ss2hc3sc b*u +% 0ul3u0s*ch cC)*s0h + )*sn cu/<n c *hns)unc*c <n s)s*s : >cu/<n ul bun" nc ducc cu g<ndul lh >/cs ch cch bun+" $c hn#hclsc lh c hn#ctsu" g*. cuh##cls!n). Cnhlhg+% *hns2c* 0c bns0sc% hn s2*h.+ ls b sc+ c c% )*bccdcul lus G*hcs1n sc <nsc*sc 4s <n *"b cunbscu + *hds3sc dc nh u*hlss0 sbc*sc% h cs h + h < <n )sc u*+% c< 4s <n ls c*h u*+.
(B7
C!MSNCC70BR!#

PUNCTUL & lh sch0h cu0 scs ccs u0sls ch s+"& <n <0)snc )c u0slul Ssus: s+*hcss )c s+*hc: cb)sss )c ccl 0sc 4s ccs bl<n.s )c 0scl. Scs cu *h0u*s dc 0+slsn )*c.sc<nd )hcch 4s cu *h0u*s dc 2snsc bs*usn3h. Nu scs bbgh3ss )b)*s3s cu 2sh*c dc hu*: nscs *u2h4ss% ch*c"& hdb*+ )c sdblul dc4c* +csunss lb*: nscs <0busbh3ss% hl c+*b* .cu c )<n" ccul: hs 2cl <nc< u0slss s<n ccs cc )bh* + 2snscul 4s chsh* Cc*ul? <n snd 0hn sslc )c )+0<n ch s+ *chc+ Db0nul% c+cs <ndcbb4 c 0hs 0ul dhu lus Du0nc.cu )*sn s+*hc ccs cc hu 0hs )u3sn% sh* lu0ss ccs cc hu 0hs 0ul . <4s cb)lc4c4 c Db0nul lhudh cu glhsul cb)sslb*% ch*c% cu lh) clc )c bu.c% s)un hdc/+*ul% b3s 2bh* c dc)h* c dc lsngu4s*c: h4h <nc< b *su02ul hccs h hl lus C*ss bs c hlc+ us dsn u0slsn3+% s+*+csc% nc/snb/+3sc% chndbh*c 4s hdc/+*. B% u% su2lc c% ch*c *cbusc s+"& )*s0c4 s )c <nsu4s Db0nul <n )sc) ul +u% /c.s s"b 2hcs cu *su02 dc /s* u3sQ C+cs nu c s h*c 0hs )b *s/s + dcc< u0slsn3h H)bs blslb*% ss0)ls h ch uncs 0ul3s0s% bl<ndc3ch unus hns0hl% nc/snb/+3sh unb* cb)ss% s+*+csh unb* )csch*s% cu ss0)ls h ch unus Du0nc.cu
<nb0cns . PUNCTUL 7 >Csnc"s hccs h cc /snc cu hlhs h < dc .gb0b bsO"% <n *chb+ *u2h4ss% sh* u0slss% cs% ch*c"& cunbsc 0hs bsnc% *+s)und? >Hccs h c Ssus dsn Nh.h*c ." H* *+s)undc dcs ul dhc+ h* s)unc 0<n us b* 4s
5&
MCDS0HDSH 3;
(B6
<n2lb*s . R+s)und+ <ns+ P*b2c ul Rcgcsc 4s .sc+? >Hccs h ch*c /snc 4c.<nd )c un 0+g+*u4 cs c ccl *sdsch <n slh/+ )c h*s)slc hc*u/s0slb*." R+s)und+ 0s*chsh? >Hccs h% hlb cu nc/snb/+3sh lus 4s *u0cn cu subs*ch lus% cs c hlcsul dsn *c .ccs dc 0ss." Zsc+ Ph/cl? >Hccs h )c ch*c"& )*bsl+/csc )b)bh*clc cs c ccl hdb*h dc c+ *c cc clc <ngc*c4 s." #b*bchsc+ Sshsh? >Hccs h ch*c u0bl+ <ncbnDu*h dc cb)ss cs c Du0nc.cul B4 s*slb*." Dh*% b% u% su2lc c% <n *chb+? >Csnc bh*c c Db0nul hccs h ch*c h.s sn *+ <n hd<ncul )sc) ulus 0cu% *su02<nd hsu)*h sns0ss 0clcO" Hscul + cu0 <3s *+s)undc c*cdsn3h? >Ccl cc /snc <nchss <n *"b Bs sc c Du0nc.cul u*sh4 ch*c nu <ssch)c"n uns/c*s: ccl cc /snc sub /+lul hccsdcn clb* cs c bglsndh <n ch*c sc )*s/c4 c Th +l: ccl )c ch*c"& hdb*+ 2hcul +3slc hlc cs c ccl )c ch*c"& subcsc sc*h*hsslc h*s)h c." Dhc+ )b)bh*clc <l )*bsl+/csc h4h 2+*+ s+"& cunbhsc+% dhc+"& hclh0+ )*uncss% u% ch*c"& cunb4 s% cu cc 2hs sc chdc bh*c s+"& )*s0c4 sO Cu c< + s *+lucs*c s+"& h4c.s )c *bnul sns0ss hlcO PUNCTUL 6 Zgudushsc+"sc cc h ch bh +% unss hd0s*<nd *su02ul 4s hl3ss )*+.nusndu"&: .gudushsc+"3s"sc l+un *ul% sn clcc ul hd0s*c 4s /bsn3h h*d+: u0)lc"3s"sc sns0h dc bucu*sc 4s *+*unchss dc dusb4sc: scbh + s *sg+*s ls0bh 4s h)lhudc 0<snslc: dhc+ hcblb"s h*unch c 0hn sslc )c )+0<n % <n snsc 2sc hscs b+sc*slc sns0ss: hccsh 2lu u*+ *h0u*s dc 2snsc <n cununs% <nhl3+ u *h0u*slc dc 2snsc bs*us bh*c hlc )h s0slb* hlc <n2*<n c% *h0u*s hlc )+css l+un *scc: )*uncss 2*hgc.s )+*+schsc+ s<nss 0h0clb* 4s% cu ls0bs b<sgus bh*c% )*+.nushsc+"& )c C*ch b*ul lb*: lch)+d+ u s<nss 0c4 c*cs hlc 3+*<nh 4s 2blbsc4 c"3s bu.clc ch s+ c<n3s% .sc<nd? >Bsnccu/<n h 2ss% Rcgc 4s Db0n hl 0cu% ch*c /ss *su02<nd <n nu0clc Db0nulus: 2ss lh 2cl dc bsnc /cns <n *+*unchss 0cs% )c c< c4 s dc db*s <n sns0h 0ch: *su02+ hsu)*h su2lc ulus 0cu 4s u u*b* 2hcul +3slb* shlc% cbnshc*<ndu"lc 4s 0hs 0ul dc h.s <nhsn c h)lhud+*ss 4s sluDs*ss hlc." PUNCTUL ( Dh*% /hs% C*ss bs% du)+ cc"h 2bs h < dc hclh0h dc b3s% n"h 2bs dc ns0cns )*s0s . Nu s"h g+ss ns0cns ch*c s+"s b2c*c 0+ch* un unghc* <n chsh lus% 0+ch* b <0buc+ u*+ lh 0hsh lus: bh c h)lhu.clc s"hu *cdus lh /b*bc% n"hu *ccu lh 2h) c. Ccs cc l"hu <ncbnDu*h lh *su02 l"hu hbhndbnh lh nc/bsc: n"h 0hs h)+*u nscs un cb)sl% c+cs h4h dss)h*% <n *"b cls)s +% hh <*u*slc b0cnc4 s. Ssngu* c Db0nul <n chsh Th +lus% ch*c c )u*u*s dcschss+ 2sslb* s+s. B% cc bun )*slcD% su2lc c hl 0cu% ch s+ c h)*b)ss u 4s s+"s b2c*s s+lh4ul +u s+*0hnQ L"hs <n <0)snh cu h)lhu.c: 2ss s h b*nsc <ndh b*s b* cu cl% b2c*+"s chsh h% c+cs% ch Rcgc h < dc 0h*c% /h hducc cl 0<nch*ch 4s c /h h4c.h hl+ u*s dc cl 4s"n lbcul lh) clus dc )*unc lh ch*c"hs *cnun3h % <3s /h <n sndc /snul b+*bh3slb* )u c*nscs: gu*h cc s"h <nchss dcs2+ +*slb* )*b2hnc% dcschsd+"sc lhudclb* ds/snc: ls0bh cc"& 0+*s<nc+ u*0c.c s+"& )*ch0+*chsc+ 4s d*ch) h *ccunb4 sn3+ 2sc )c 0+su*h )l+cc*ss: nu 2s u dsn *c hccsh ch*c h.s <l <n <0)sn+ <n *su02 4s 0<snslc"& duc s+"& *+s sgnchsc+.
57
MCDS0HDSH <1
(BB
*sh <ngc*slb*. <n/h3+" c 0sn c dc"hcu0 <ncblb 4s s<*gusc4 c s+ /ss nu ch Sudh% )c*2sd% cs ch Sbhn% )*c3us b* hl hh <*u*slb* ds/snc% dbb<ndsnd 2c*scs*s 4s bucu*<ndu" c dc *+s)l+ s*s. PUNCTUL 7 Sudh h sc4s )c u4+ du)+ cc &"h <nchss )c Msclul lus Du0nc.cu <n *+*unchss s+s nc0slb4s: d+ un cc* )c un shd: nu sc bdshnc4 c ch Sbhn% )cn *u c+"n /sns nu"s bdshn+. Dc/cns % h4hdh*% dsn uccnsc *+s2+3h hl Db0nulus% c+)c cnsc h du40hnslb* hccs ush% )lchc+ dsn *c ccs 0hs buns )*sc cns 4s sc ducc lh nc)*sc cns: lh hsc0cnch cC *c0c hDungc csnc chdc dsn *"un 0h*c lbc <nhl . >Cc /*c3s s+"0s dh3s )cn *u b0ul hcclh = lc s)unc cl =% c+cs )c )u3sn /s"& /<ndO" s"s /b* 2s *+s)uns du40hnss? >Pcn *u c< 2hcc cl% lh b*scc )*c3 c scu0)." Cu0)+nc4 c hcu0 dss)*c3ul dc ncc*c.u )c ch*c"& nu *csc )+c+ b4ss 2h3+ dc Du0nc.cu: c< dc )u3sn )*c3uscsc cs bc0hs cc /hlb*ch.+ ccl 0hs 0ul : )*c2c*+ b dcs2+ h*c Dbsnsc+% un Bh*hbh <nsc0n<nd b u4s 0ul % 4s hs h sc"n <0)l+ .slnsc. <nchs)usc4 c"3s u% su2lc c% c+ c h)*b)ss dc Sudh 4s"s s)us? >#sndc"0s"l 0sc% /<n.+ b*ulc% c+ 3s"& /bs )l+ s cu su2lc ul 4s cu /sh3h% <3s /bs dh bh c c< c s<n 4s b cc s<n cu% )cn *u c+ c Du0nc.cul 0cu 4s bh c cclc hlc 0clc% 4s cu unul 4 su c< 2hcc 4s c< <0s c dc *cbusncsbs." Cu0)+*+"&% su2lc c% lh b*scc )*c3% 4s 0+n<nc+"& ch )c b )<snc dc cu0)+*h % c+ c 0hs gus bhs+% b*s dc 2u*h % c+ c 0hs dulcc% cs s hs% nu *cbusc s+"& cu0)c*s% 2ssndc+ 3s sc d+ g*h ss. #cns3s 4s cu0)+*h3s 2+*+ h*gsn3s 0<nch*ch cc n"h*c )*c3: dh* sh sch0h s+ n"b /sn.s cu0/h <n schs0bul )l+cc*slb*% 4s nu c <n bh*cc lh /+*s+ u*h )+ch clb* hlc. PUNCTUL 6 Cb0)h*+ hcu0 bun+ h ch sn2sns + h M<n us b*ulus cu cch 0hs 0h*c nclcgsus*c h lus Sudh% 0+*sns0sh sh cu sng*h s udsnch% bl<n"dc3ch cu s+lb+ scsh. Sudh /snc <n g*+dsnh c<nd/h dc 2lb*s% hcu0 dc s)sns% hDuns c+)c cnsc h c+l+slb*% 4s )*sn *c *+s% ccl 0hs *+u: sc h)*b)sc dc C*ss bs cu *u)ul% dh* sc dc)+* ch.+ dc cl b 0hs 0ul cu duhul 4s% <n *u b ul nc*u4snh % )ccc lusc4 c chs)ul ds/sn cu bu.clc"s 0u*dh*c. B% *+u 2blbss bb*h.% )c ch*c <nDcsc <ngc*ss s+"& )*s/chsc+Q Nu"4s 2c*c4 c 2h3h dc cl csnc s"h 4s dh "b dc 0<nch*c: nu
MCDS0HDSH <1
(B5

PUNCTUL & /ugc + cu0 C*ss bs Db0nul nbs *u% <n nbh) ch dc ncus h dsnhsn ch 0b*3ss shlc% g*sDulsu s+ *+0<n+ cu bh0cnss 4s db*nsc s+ )c*)c uc.c h0sn s*ch Ph s0slb* shlc% h g+ss 0sDlbcul dc h"4s 0ul3u0s 4s 0c0b*sh% 4s h2cc3sunch:
4s"h <n/c4nscs % h4hdh*% d*hgbs ch 4s du*c*ch <n hccs 0snunh Shc*h0cn % ch*c s+"s 2sc ccn *u hl subs*ss 4s 0c0b*shl hl Ph s0slb*. Lc cc*c% dh*% u u*b* cclb* ch*c"& )*s0csc s+ *c<nnbshsc+ h0sn s*ch subs*ss shlc )cn *u nbs 4s"n hcclh4s s0) )c cch h )+ s0s*ss shlc. #snb% dh*% u% ch*c *cbusc s+ c cu0snccs% 4s )*s0c4 c"&. <n *c db/c.s dc h2cc3sunc 4s du*c*s% )c Db0nul 4s Du0nc.cul +u <0)+* +4s : sh/u*ch.+"& d*cs <n chsnu*slc shlc )cn *u cch 0hs hlchs+ dcs2+ h*c h h% )*chdulcc <n h0+*+csuns% ccl 0hs sh/u*bs <n su2c*sn3c 4s cu c< 0hs <nDbss )cn *u snc% cu h < 0hs subs dc snc. Cbn c0)l+" & <n *"unus dsn c)ssbhdclc S2sn clb* shlc Ph s0s 4s )*s0c4 c"& c<nd ud<nd g*+dsnh cu s<ngclc% 4s su2lc ul +u cu hh*ul lus? c<nd )*sns% lcgh cu 2*<nghsslc c*udc hlc u*ss% )c lcg+ u*slc s *<nsc hlc subs*ss: c<nd ch 2lbh*c dc c<0) b2sls +% cu chs)u"s du0nc.cscsc <n*b4s dc )hl0c% )cn *u ch *hndh2s*ss bb*hDslb* s+"s *bnc.c hl+ u*s dc s)snss dc )c ch). Cbn c0)l+"& uncb*s lcgh dc un s <l)% hDuns un n!n plus ultrh hl d*hgbs cs 4s hl su2c*sn3cs% hl cb*s cu *u)ul s2<* cch dc bscc 4s *c/+*s<nd un hdc/+*h )b b) dc s<ngc sub 2u* unh ncc*u3+ bh*c h )+ch clb* hlc: c<nd huls dc bh0cns% cl% ccl db*s dc <ngc*s% hcb)c*s dc scus)+ u*s sc<*bbhsc% cl% bglsndh cch 2+*+ dc )h +% <n ch*c sc )*s/c4 c cu 0ul3u0s*c Th +l s+u ccl #c4nsc: c<nd )c u0c*s cu lc0nul c*ucss% duc<nd hsc0cnch lus Sshhc lc0nul )cn *u Dc* 2+: <n s2<*4s % *sdsch )c b c*ucc% cu b*h3clc )u*u*ch dcschssc )cn *u sc* h*c 4s )s*bns c )cn *u )cdch)s+: cu )scsbh*clc <n3c)cns c ch s+ c h4 c) c ncclsn s 4s <nclsn<nd ch)ul )cn *u ch nccbn cns s+ c chc0c. Hs 2cl% c<nd c /cs cu0sncch% /cs 2hcc b dusbhs+ )b0cns*c h P+ s0s*ss shlc cu0)ls c )*sn cb0)+ s0s*ch h cch subs bh*c.
56
CUMSNCCTBRUL
PUNCTUL 7 <n c3c4 c"3s% h4hdh*% c*cdsn3h 4s <nhl3+"3s cbn c0)lh*ch% c+cs hcclh4s Du0nc.cu 4s Db0n% <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h ccl cc su2c*ch hcblb <n c)ssbdul hsu)*h c+*ush 0cds c.s% Cl <nsu4s <n )c*sbhn+ cs c hscs <n Shc*h0cn ul )c ch*c"& )*s0c4 s: )c hcclh4s Ssus% cb0bh*h h% ccl dc )c Gblgb h% <l 2c*ccs <n )sc) ul +u. Cugc +% h4hdh*% dhc+ c /cs 2s h2l<nd )*c.cn hcblb cu c*cdsn3h )c ch*c"b hs hcu0% cu cbn4 ssn3h )c ch*c"b dbb<ndc4 s% <n <0)*cDu*h*ch hsu)*h c+*csh 0cds c.s% <n c)ssbdul )c ch*c"& cbn c0)ls% cu cc subs*c c /cs h)*b)sh dc Db0nul +u% 2sc 4s c*bsndu"3s d*u0 )*sn *c c+l+ss ncb0cnb4sQ Cu c< + dusb4sc <s /cs /b*bsQ Cc /b*bc"s /cs s)uncQ Cu0 <l /cs <0b*+3s4hQ Cu0 <l /cs cb0)+ s0s )cn *u b cc"h su2c*s Cl% 4s <nc+ dc d*hgul +uQ <l /cs b)lb4s lh s<nul +u 4s"& /cs luh cu snc% 2c*sndu"& dc s+lb+ scsh chsnu*slb* 4s <nc*cdsn3<ndu"& bdshncs dsn *+*unchss +s. B% su2lc c% dc /*c0c cc 4 ss% h4h cu0 c*c.s% c+ Db0nul hccs h c b unul cu hcclh% 2+ hscs hcclh4s luc*u )c ch*c l"hs 2hcc hcblb? /c.s c+ <nc+ hDungs lh s0). C<nd c cu0snccs% <nchs)usc4 c"3s c+ hDungs <n G*+dsn+ 4s c+"& 4 c*gs dc <0bcl4ugh h sudbh*c <ns<ngc*h + cu b+sc*slc sns0ss hlc% c+ c h)*b)ss dc s2<l) 4s"& dc.lcgs ch s+"& <nl+n3us cu b*h3clc hlc 4s s+"s <ng*sDc4 s *+nslc% )un<nd )c 2scch*c dsn *c clc c< c b 2*<n u*+ dsn sns0h h: sh sch0h c+"& s *<ngs lh s<n h4h <ncununh % chsh* dhc+ c <n3ch)+ s)snss% 4s c+"& h4c.s )c *bnul )sc) ulus +u% c+"& s *+0u3s dc )c b*h3clc C*ucss% dc ch*c h <*n+ h < dc chsnus % <n *+*unchss +s% ch <n *"<n4ss s+"4s h2lc bdshnh. Cu0sncc+" c b dh + <n G*+dsn+ 4s <nc+ b dh + lh S <l)? h.s )c uls3h H0+*+csunss% sh* 0<snc )c Gblgb h% <nsu2lc3sndu"3s c/lh/sh )*sn c*cdsn3+. PUNCTUL 6 B% c< hs 2s h)*ccsh )u sn3h dc"h hsss h lh bh c hcclc <ncc*c+*s s2<4sc bh*c hlc s.b+/s*ss hlcQ B% cu0 3s"hs 2s gus h 2c*scs*ch% 2sc 4s *udnsc+% dc h 2s 2bs dc 2h3+ lh bh c hcclc <0)*cDu*+*s <n ch*c Db0nul h su2c*s Q B% *c)c3s u dc 0ul c b*s% dc 0"h4 2s h2lh cu ss03s*ch dc hcu0 <n bh c c)ssbhdclc <ndu*c*h c hlc Ph s0slb*Q Cs bsnc% sh h0sn c c+ nu sbsc4 s <*.su% bh chsh* /ss lh s0): sh +"& hscs )c <nsu4s Db0nul ch*c su2c*ch hcblb 4s% chsh* dhc+ nu h)+sh dc du*c*s% <n2+3s4<ndu"3s"sc hs 2cl <nc< s+ 2ss cu)*sns dc 0sl+. s dhc+ hs 2s hcblb 4s l"hs /cdch <n hhsnh cch hlb+% c<nd b3s <s s *sghu
MCDSTHSH (7 (B'
>ncbunul"% u hs s)unc? >Nu c dcc< bunul 0cu subs ." s lh )bhlclc s <l)ulus% )*+bu4s % /+.<ndu"& cu0 sc *bs bgblc4 c <n b+l bhch )*b)*sulus s+u s<ngc% u 3s"hs <n sndc h01ndbu+ 0<snslc ch s+"& hDu3s s+ sc *sdscc% )c c<nd ccslhl3s% ch s+ chd+: dhc+ l"hs hu.s )c d*cg+ b* s)un<nd dsn *"un bhlcbn?% Jh +"& )c B0"% hs s *sgh 4s u% .sc<nd? >C cb0bh*h 0ch% Sb3ul% Subs ul% C*ch b*ul 4s Db0nul 0cu." s c<nd ns0cns nu"& /bsh 4s b3s <l d+dchu <n schs0bul lus Bh*hbh% u hs cCclh0h 4s"hs s)unc? >Cu unul <l subcsc% <l db*csc% dh3s"0s"& 0sc% c+cs hl 0cu c% Du0nc.cul 0cu 4s b cc h0 0hs scu0) )c lu0c." Cu0)+nc4 c c+ dhc+ hs h hs 2hcc"b h uncs 4s h4h 3s"hs )*c3us nb*bcul% bucu*+" c 4s 0ul3u0c4 c c+ h.s hs hDuns lh S2<n h Cb0unsunc: c+ dhc+ h uncs hs 2s hdus 0ul3u0s*s )cn *u c+ l"hs 2s )*s0s *+ns <n b*h3c% hdu"lc h.s 4s 0hs 0h*s )cn *u .c+ 3s l"hs )us <n )sc) % <0)+* +4s : dhc+ hs 2s sbcb s d*c) un
0h*c hh <* s+ c )b3s h)*b)sh cu 2c*/bh*c ch s+"s hdb*s *+nslc% *ccunbh4 c" c 4s 0hs 2h/b*s.h c+ hs hDuns s+ lc 01n<ncs: )*c3usc4 c c+% dc4s nu hs )*s0s <n b*h3c buchc3clul hcclh dc 0s* % hcu0 dh% 4s )c dc"h"n *cgul <n 0+*un hsclc hlc% nu dbh* s *<ns lh )sc) % cs chsh* <n+un *ul lus 4s )c dc)lsn uns cu sns0h h. <n 2clul hccs h )b3s /cns s+ c cu0snccs% )*s0sndu"& )c Db0nul% h.s <n *"un c)ssbd hl Ph s0slb* 4s 0<snc <n *"hl ul% c<nd )*sns% c<nd bscsus % scus)h % <ncununh cu s)sns% bh Dbcb*s % b+ u <n cusc% hd+)h cu 2sc*c% b0b*< 4s <ng*b)h <n 0b*0<n ul ccl nbu hl )sc) ulus +u.
5(
C2. S!hn, 79% 7("7'.
(A9 CUMSNCCTBRUL
/+.u Sbh*clc <n/sh <n *c *u0cnclslc s0)un+ bh*clb* lus *+ns. Lc"h +g+dus <n/+3+ b*ulus s+u 4s lc"h dcschss <n ssnc <nsu4s: c+u h 0<n"g<sc*c <n nb*bcul s+u bc*c% <n c*cdsn3h sh bch*c1% )cn *u 2h) ul dc"h nu sc 2s bucu*h dc /s.s h Db0nulus% <n <nc+)+3<nh*ch dc h"& +g+dus <n/sh . Cc *ch )b*ns*c h"& ssls )c C*ss bs s+"4s *c)c c hh <*u*slcQ Pu3sn u4u*ch.+ *+nslc csnc *c<nnbsc4 c hs 2cl du*c*slc 5B% nclu<nd sch0h c+ lc dcschsdc cu h < 0hs 0ul % cu c< 0hs 0ul lc +g+dusc4 c. B% su2lc c hl 0cu% cu0 sc 0hs sh lh"n *ccc*c nc)sb4cnsh h cu cch h lus Tb0h% dc n"b 2s 4s dc)+4snd" bQ Cc *ch <3s c )*cg+ s*ch ch s+ 0c*s3s hs +.s /s.s h Db0nulus% dhc+ hcblb <n/sh % hscs <0)+* +4s Q C<nd ccslhl3s sc bucu*+ dc *bhdclc )+css% u s +*us <n *+.bbsul cugc ulus. <n/sb*ch.+"3s c*cdsn3h% <nsu2lc3c4 c"3s n+dcDdch% h)*sndc d*hgbs ch <n *ug+csunch <n2l+c+*h +. PUNCTUL 7 Cb0)+ s0s b*% )c c< dc ncc*cdsncsbs Tb0h% lh ch)+ ul h b) .slc dc <ncc*ch*c% s)*c h"s )u*s2sch db*sn3clc% Db0nul bsnc/bsc4 c h"& 0slus dc hs + dh + <n b/+*+4sh 2*h3slb* s+s% c+cs )*ch )u3sn cbn ch.+ c+ u4slc hdun+*ss s<n <nchssc% dhc+ cclc hlc *+nslb* lus s<n h < dc dcschssc% sh* cbhs h lus chsh* lh*g. H)h*c <n 0sDlbcul H)bs blslb*% <n chs) dc ccn *u c+ *c ch*c *cbusc s+ 0ch*g+ b3s s)*c h"4s s h b*nscs sns0slc: 4s"h h3sn s bchss hsu)*h lus Tb0h% hdsc+ s s"h dcschss lus )c ccs hs su2lc ulus: <s )b*uncc4 c sh sc h)*b)sc% <n *uc< s)s*s ul <s c*h h < dc <nghc3h ch hl unush cc s + ch h < dc dc)h* c dc c+ldu*h"s du0nc.cshsc+: <s s)unc s+"4s <n snd+ 0<nh% sc0n c+ )c"h sh nu 4s"b luhsc dc b dc )c cl. >Punc dcgc ul = <s cc*c d<nsul s +*us b* = <n cbhs h 0ch 4s 2+"3s <ncc*ch*ch )<n+ c<nd hDungs lh sns0+% c+cs ch cu 2bcul cs <3s /h b)s ghch3h nc)sb4cnscs." Cu0)+nc4 c 0h*ch 0slbs s/s*c h M<n us b*ulus% ch*c% ch s+ 0<n ushsc+ un su2lc % h* hccc) h <nc+ b dh + *+nslc% sh* h.s% ch s+ /sndccc )c un H)bs bl% 4s lc *c<nnbsc4 c: lus Tb0h% cclus <nghc3h % s lc b2c*+% <n s0) cc Mhgdhlcncs% cclcs <n2l+c+*h c% s lc *c2u.+% c+cs bl<ndc3slc s<n )cn *u ccs slhbs% )c c<nd <ncc*c+*slc )cn *u ccs h*s.
5B
Sh h0sn c% su2lc c% c+ )c C*ss bs <nsu4s glb*sbs *+ns <l hs <n+un *ul hccs cs Bs ss: hscul + cc"3s s)unc? >H)*b)sc" c dc 0snc% )*s0c4 c"0+ 4s h sngc"0+% cs nu cu dcgc clc% cs cu bu.clc hlc: nu cu 0<nh cch g*bsblhn+% cs cu ls0bh cch cu* cns bh*c% cu sns0h h cch <nh0b*h +: cc*ul gu*ss hlc <ncc*cc gus ul hccs b* *+ns% ls)c4" c"3s bu.clc <nsc h c dc s./b*ul cbhs cs 0clc dcschssc: sc ch db*u*slb* hlc s sng+" sc <n hccs s./b* dc 0<ng<sc*s." <n/sb*ch.+"3s c*cdsn3h 4s )*c3usc4 c"3s 2c*scs*ch% c+cs dhc+ Tb0h h hDuns s+ )un+ dcgc ul <n cbhs h Db0nulus% hscs C*ss bsul b sc s *+0u + <n )sc) ul +u: nu )sc*dc )*slcDul% h sngc"s bh c *+nslc% )*c3usnd hsc0cnch hh <*u*s )*s/slcgsh c. PUNCTUL 6 Dhc+ Tb0h h h sns )sh *h% )c C*ss bs% cu 2sc*ul ncc*cdsn3cs shlc% h 3<4ns 2bc <n sns0+ 4s lu0sn+ <n bchs? s"h dcschss )c ccs hs *u)ulus ch s+ /hd+ *+nslc 4s )c ccs hs su2lc ulus ch s+ 0+* u*sschsc+ du0nc.cs*ch. #+.<ndu"& )c C*ss bs )*c2+cu <n *+ns )cn *u lccus*ch lus% cl sc )*c2hcc <n gu*s <n *u 0+* u*sss*ch lus C*ss bs 4s% cCclh0<nd% s)unc? >Db0nul 0cu 4s Du0nc.cul 0cu% 0+ )*cdhu: 0s"hs cucc*s sns0h cu *+nslc hlc 4s .sc c+ Tu c4 s Db0nul 0cu% Du0nc.cul 0cu% Rcgclc 0cu% h/u ul 4s
bh + 0ul3u0s*ch 0ch? Du0nc.cul 0cu 4s bh c hlc 0clc% c+cs <n Tsnc sc cu)*sndc b ul." Cu0)+nc4 c hcu0h c+ dhc+ Tb0h nu0hs h sng<nd *hnh dsn cbhs h Db0nulus h *+0hs 0ul3u0s % schs0bh 4s <n2l+c+*h dc c/lh/sc% u% ch*c l"hs h sns )c b % c<nd l"hs )*s0s % c< dc <n2l+c+*h 4s c< dc schs0bh h* *cbus s+ *+0<s% )+ *uns )c dc"h"n *cgul <n Du0nc.cu% dc /*c0c cc Du0nc.cu h )+ *uns )c dc"h"n *cgul <n snc: 0+* u*ssc4 c"& d*c) Db0nul +u% Du0nc.cul% C*ch b*ul% S.b+/s b*ul% <ncc)u ul% 0sDlbcul 4s s2<*4s ul +u: h/u ul +u 4s unsc ccn *u hl db*sn3clb* hlc. PUNCTUL ( Cu c< + bun+/bs*c 4s dc c< c b*s nu s"h* <n bh*cc Tb0h s+ sc bucu*c dc *+nslc hcclch s0)un+ bh*c% dhc+ s"h* 2s <ng+dus Q Cc <nsc h h* sb*bs sh*+4s dsn hcclc s./bh*c ncscch c hlc 0<ng<sc*ss 4s d*hgbs csQ Su2lc c% 3sc <3s cs c *c.c*/h hccs hh2<* dcbscbs : 0c*gs lh S2<n h Cb0unsunc hs +.s 4s 0<snc 4s"n 2scch*c .s% c+ c h4 ch) + Db0nul?
CUMSNCCTBRUL
/bsc4 c s+ 2ss hs 2cl 2c*scs du)+ cu0 )b3s. Tb0h h *+0hs ncs)us dc *ccunbsc+ b* )cn *u b 0slbs cnsc h < dc dcbscbs +: chsh* cl% ch*c"s cbn *h.scch )c b3s% ncc*cdsncsbs% 0+* u*ssc4 c <0)*cun+ cu b3s% c*cdsncsbs: lc cc*c hDu b*ul ch s+ 0ul3u0chsc+% )*ccu0 <nhsn c ch s+ c*chd+: <4s )*b)unc s+ 0+* u*sschsc+ )<n+ lh 0bh* c% 2sc 4s cu )*c3ul b h < b* *+ns c< c hcclch )c ch*c lc"h hdb*h . S<*gusc4 c u s+ 2ss *ccunbsc+ b* ch Tb0h% bh chsh* cu h < 0hs 0ul % cu c< c4 s 0hs <ndh b*h : 2+" c nu0hs gu*s <n *u lhudh ch 4s <n *u )*s0s*ch lus 4s% )cn *u un Db0n ch*c 3s"h dcschss lh*g cbhs h 4s *+*unchss s+s% dc.ls)c4 c"3s 4s u bu.clc% scbh c"3s 4s u sns0h b)s +% 2sc )c gu*+. <n chs) dc bshnhlc% 2sc )c bchs <n chs) dc dusb4ss.
MCDSTHSH (6 (A6
MCDSTHSH (6
m
PUNCTUL & #cs cbn c0)lh cu0 hcc4 s dbs dsscs)bls% dc4s )u3sn )*bbhbsl hdunh3s <n nu0clc.Db0nulus% <s scs cu*<nd <n chlc% <n *uc< cbn/b*bs*ch dcs)*c Du0nc.cu c 0b0chlh cc"s h *hgc. Mc*gchu /b*bsnd dcs)*c Ph s0slc shlc% 4s% hs 2cl% *c)cdc l"hu h *hs <n cbn/c*sh3sh lb*% 0u.sch cch 0hs dulcc )c ch*c s"b )b 2hcc 3s c*clc dsn Cc*. Cc *+u )*cg+ s3s <s g+sc4 c )cn *u h lc <0)+* +4s hh <*u*slc shlc% h*c <ndc)+* h3s dc ClQ Db0nul <ns+% 0slbs s/% sc h)*b)sc dc cs: cs 2ug% sh* Cl <s chu +: <s /cdc *+cs3s <n c*cdsn3+% dcc+.u3s <n s)c*hn3+% nc)+s+ b*s <n subs*c% dh* cu /b*bclc shlc dc /sh3+ lc <nc+l.c4 c *c) h sns0slc% <nsu2lc3sndu"lc nc<nc*cdc*ch shu snsu2l<ndu"lc /sh3+ nbu+. Sh h0sn c% su2lc c% c+ )c Db0nul <nsu4s <l <n <lnc4 s h.s )c d*u0ul /sc3ss hlc 0bh* c: dhc+ hcblb d*u0c3% hscs )cs c 2s*c: dhc+ hcblb sub hcb)c*+0<n ul uncs )clc*snc% hscs sub hccsdcn clc uncs )<sns: dhc+ hcblb <n *chc+ % hscs s h b*nsc. Cc dcscu*hDh )u*cc.s )c d*u0ul /s* u3ss% cc nc)+s+ b* <n sluDbh lus Du0nc.cuQ H)*b)sc" c% h4hdh*% dc Db0nul hccs h <n *ug+csunc% )cn *u ch sub s0bbldul sns)s*h3sslb* shlc s+ 3s sc"h)*snd+"n )sc) 2bcul c/lh/scs: /b*bc4 c dcs)*c """""""""""""
5A
C2. Luch% 7(% &6"6B.
Du0nc.cu <n .suh c<nd c4 s cu Du0nc.cu: <n gu*h cc h*c h"& g+.dus )c Ssus nu *cbusc s+ sn *c ns0sc hl cc/h: ch s+ nu scbh + nscs b /b*b+ hl h dcc< dcs)*c Du0nc.cu% /b*bh cc *cbusc s+ )*s0chsc+ cu/<n ul du0nc.cscsc% 4s cu h)h gu*ss 2ccsb*clnsc+ /sn+ s+ gus c )<snch 4s /snul .+0ssls c <n 2ccsb*sc. PUNCTUL 7 s cs sc h)*b)sc dc sh ul C0hus% 3sn h 2ugss lb*? Db0nul sc )*c2hcc c+ )lchc+ 0hs dc)h* c% dc4s 0hs dcg*hb+ s"h* )l+cch s+ *+0<n+: /*ch ch cs s+"& b)*chsc+ cu db*u*s 4s s+"& <ndh b*c.c cu *ug+0sn3s: cl% ch*c lh <ncc)u h /cns lh cs dc bun+ /bsc% /*ch s+ 2sc *ugh b dh + cu )*b)+4s*ch /s* u3ss% ch 0h0h cc"4s bblsg+ cb)slul sh 0ch*g+ 4s"& lhs+ h)bs ssngu* )cn *u ch cl s+"4s lc)cdc 2*sch: 4s dhc+"& /+d h < dc b0cncsc% dc4s c*h ccl 0hs du0nc.cscsc% <l *bhg+ s+ .+bb/chsc+: nu"& )b2 csc% du)+ bbsccsul lu0ss% dc 2b*0+% cs s +*us b*% ch s+"& <ndu)lccc: cl lc *+s)undc c+ h*c d*u0 lung dc 2+cu % c+cs )lcc<nd dc lh un su2lc % 0ul sc <ndc)+* ch.+? dss hn3h ch*c c <n *c /sn+ 4s Du0nc.cu. H cn3sc% su2lc c% c+ *ccc Ms*clc Ds/sn c+ *c hl clc 0hs nb*bcbhsc dcc< snc% )cn *u c+ 0hs <n2l+c+*h c? c nc/bsc s+"& *bgs h < h c< s+"& b)*c4 s. Dhc+ uccnscss hcc4 sh% 2+*+ h"& cunbh4 c% <l )*c3uscsc h < h% u% ch*c )*sn c*cdsn3+ 4 ss csnc cs c% s<*gusc4 c s+"s 2hcs )*s0s*c s+*b+ b*chsc+: cs 4s"& <nchs)uscsc s *+sn% u <l 4 ss dc"hl +u: *bhg+"& s+ sn *c nu dbh* sub un hcb)c*s4 cu snc% cs chsh* <nl+un *ul )sc) ulus +u: )b2 c4 c"&% c+cs )<n+ lh u*0+ b ul /h 2s )c chcl ushlh lus% <n *uc< cl /h hducc 0<nch*ch% sh* u )b2 h% dbb<ndsnd /sh3h cch /c4nsc+. PUNCTUL 6
Lcsnc h bsnc/bs Db0nul% c+cs h*c 0ul <s )lhcc s+ s ch cu 2sss bh0cnslb*: sc h4ch.+ lh 0hs+ 4s C*ss bs lh 0sDlbc% dcb)b *s/+ cu cs <n bucu*h*c 4s hh <*: <s dhu )<snch <n 0<sns% cu bun+ ns0c*s*c% 2ssndc+ b dchunh )*sn clc s"h dbb<nds : <4s /b* 2s <n+l3h bchss lh cc*% ch s+ 2sc )<snc cu bchs55% 4s <nc+ du0nc.csc4 s% 4s lh 2*<ngc*ch
(%
CUMSNCCTBRUL
cs ls s"hu dcschss hs lb* 4s l"hu cunbscu d*c) <n/+3+ b*% dh* <n cls)+ h 4s dss)+*u % c+cs <n /sh3h hcchs h c 2ulgc* hcclh ch*c <n cch /c4nsc+ cs c Sbh*c dc lu0sn+ 4s 0<ng<sc*c? s"h l+sh cu dulcch3+ )c bu.c% <nlbcus b* <n ls)sh lus *+0<n<nd )<snch cch 0snunh +% s"h l+sh sn/sdsb4s )c nb*bcul dc h"& 2s cunbscu <nhsn c 4s db*s b*s dc h sc bucu*h dc Cl 4s dc h"s 2s hcb*dh *+nslc sl+/s c 4s h"s 2s s *<ns lh )sc) )scsbh*clc. B% <n cc <0b*+3s4+*s s"h* 2s )*sns s+"& 2s cu)*sns% dhc+ l"h* 2s cunbscu Q Sh sch0h c+ )c Db0nul <nsu4s <l hs <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h hscs. )c 0hsh Hl h*ulus: Cl 2*<ngc 4s <0)h* c )<snch cc*chsc+: nu )*cgc h s+"3s *ccunb4 s 2c*scs*ch% c+cs /h 2s <*.su c<nd <3s /cs *ch0sn s 4s c /cs ncc+Ds c+ nu hs dbb<nds "b <nhsn c: h)*b)sc" c dc Db0nul% c+ nu 3s sc /h 2hcc nc/+.u ch uccnscslb*% dcbh*ccc <l 3snc" n c0ns3h subs*ch. Bucu*+" c dc )*c.cn3h lus du0nc.cshsc+ 4s *u)chsc+% hdb*+"s )scsbh*clc s *+)unsc% s+*u + *+nslc sl+/s dc 2*u0bhsc: )c snc c h4 ch) +% )cn *u snc sc b)*c4 c% s0) 4s lbc <3s d+ ch s+"& cbn c0)ls% s+"& subc4 s 4s s+"& 0+n<ncs. PUNCTUL ( Ccs dbs uccnscs n"hu *+0hs nscs 0<hns3s% nscs bucu*b4s% 2c*scs*ch dc h"& 2s /+.u )c <n/+3+ b*ul lb* schs0b<ndu"ls"sc <n *ss c3ch dc h"& 2s )sc*du h < dc su c: 0hs *c)cdc )lcch % s)unchu cs% dcc< h2lh : cu0)+nchu cu )*c3us*c hh2<*ul cc ls=& 2+cusc 4s *c)c hu <n/+3+ u*slc )c ch*c ls lc d+dusc: 4s"hu 0ss us sns0slc <n d*hgbs c c<nd s"h dus% 4s ls0bslc <n *ccunb4 sn3+ c<nd s"h <n b*s: /b* 2s *clh h dc 0ul c b*s <n cu/sn c h)+sh c cclc s)usc dc d<nsul 4s lc /b* 2s cu0)+ns c2schcs h ch 4s luc*+*slc: 0hs )*csus dc b*scc% bun+/bsn3h du0nc.cshsc+ h chs)ulus s+u: sc 2clscs hu )cn *u 2c*scs*ch lb*% sh* Db0nulus <s hducchu 0ul3u0s*s )cn *u 0slbs cnsh sh: nu /b* 2s ns0c*s s+ /b*bchsc+ dcs)*c hl cc/h /*c0c dc 0ul c .slc% bh chsh* /b* 2s *c)h*cu*s hcclh4s d*u0% *ccunbsc<nd u*0clc <n/+3+ b*ulus lb*% 3sn<ndu"sc dc cclc hlc S2sn cs shlc Lcgs. S"hu <n b*s hcblb undc c*hu H)bs blss% <0)+* +4sndu"lc dsn 2c*scs*ch lb*% 4s 4s"hu *c<nnbs sh ss2hc3sh. <n/h3+% su2lc c% s+ hducs 0ul3u0s*s Ds/snulus +u <n/+3+ b* <n .suh <n ch*c c h4c.s lh 0hsh lus: dcschsdc"3s bu.clc <n *u lhudc% )*ccu0 4s bchss <n *u cunb4 sn3+: sh sch0h s+ nu dh b*c.s nc")sb4cnscs hlc 2c*scs*ch dc h"& 2s cunbscu 0hs <nhsn c: /*c0c dc
MCDSTHSH ((
(AB

58
5' 89
sub hl uncs Bs ss: nu <n *c gsulgsu*s hlc 0b*3ss% cs <n *c hccsdcn c hlc /sc3ss. Pl<ngc"3s g*c4clslc 4s sus)sn+ du)+
hh <*u*slc shlc 4s"3s /cs dbb<nds *+s)lh h db*sn3clb*. PUNCTUL 7 Db0nul% h *hs hcu0 nu dc 2sh*clc uncs )+c+ bhsc% cs dc hu*ul unus <nd*+gbs s % s sc b2c*+% )l+ snd cu hh <*u*s db/c.slc dc h2cc3sunc h < dc )u c*nscc% s sc h*h + <n hhsnc dc g*+dsnh*% ch un Ssus <n2lb*s % /*ch s+ culchg+ *bhdclc dc /s* u3s hlc hcclb* 2lb*s dc db*u*s? b"n *chb+ dc cc )l<ngc 4s )c csnc chu +% dc4s 4 sc h < dc bsnc c+ Cl <nsu4s cs c chu.h% dh* sc ss0 c sl+/s c<nd b hudc *clh <ndu"4s su2c*sn3h. Ch <s *+s)undc% ch 4s cu0 h* 2s dc lh ssnc <n3clcs% c*c.<nd c+ b3s hu hcclh4s g<nd ch 4s ch% 4s nu sc <n4hl+% 2ssndc+ lh cc hl cc/h c )b3s g<nds dhc+ nu lh Du0nc.cu shu /b*bs dcs)*c hl cc/h dhc+ nu dcs)*c Du0nc.cuO Nu s)unc c+ c <n c+u h*ch unus 0b* % c+cs 0b*s 4s nu0hs dhc+"3s <ncbl3c4 c g<ndul hccs h? >D+"0s"& <nh)bs = .scc ch = 4s nu c 0s*h c+ nu 0+ <ns)+s0<n % c+cs dhc+ )u c*slc"0s ls)scsc% <0s )*ssbsc4 c cu*hDul: nu <nch)c <ng*b.s*c undc cs c subs*c": Db0nul h0<n+ s+ sc dch )c 2h3+ dbh* ch s"b hud+ cu0 <4s <n0ul3c4 c db*u*slc. Su2lc c% sh h0sn c c+ hscs <l hs )c Db0nul <nsu4s% )c G*+dsnh*ul su2lc clb*% ch*c lc s *b)c4 c cu s<ngclc s+u: c hscs dc 2h3+ sub 0hsch hccsdcn clb* )<snss 4s"3s hscul + <nd*+gbs s clc db/c.s dc h2cc3sunc: dhc+ <ns+ subs*ch <l hscundc% dcscb)c*c"& c*cdsn3h h% sh* dhc+ Mhgdhlcnh h h/u dc g<nd s+ 4s"& sh <n2+4u*h <n gsulgsu% u sh"3s"& <0)+* +4s . PUNCTUL 6 Bucu*bs c+ b /+.usc s *b)sndu"s )cn *u h dbuh bh*+ +l)slc cu s./bh*clc bchslb* cs% /+.<ndu"4s *hndh2s*ss *+nslb* )c*lh3s cu 0+*g+*s h*clc unus )l<ns h < dc <0bcl4ugh % du0nc.cscscul g*+dsnh* Nh.h*snchn s sc h*h +% nu0snd"b )c nu0clc cs? >M+*sh"% .scc% sh* ch <n cls)+% )*ccu0 b bhsc <nc+ nu )sc*du +% *ccunbh4 c glhsul bsnc g+ss ulus cs P+s b*: s"h s)us )c nu0c cu h < h bl<ndc3c% <nc< d<nsh s"h )u u cunbh4 c 0h*ch 0slbs cnsc: s s"h h*unch )lsn+ dc subs*c lh )scsbh*c% ccn *u 4 su hl <nclsnh3scs cs% 4s dhc+ hl +dh + h c+.u sub )b/h*h )+ch clb*% dc hs + dh + sub cch h subs*ss cs: s"h n+)us s ch b hh*nsc+ hlbsnu3+ c+ *c 0s*chs0h *1s)<nds + dc *+nslc"s <n2lb" *s c% cs Db0nul h b)*s "b% .sc<nd? >Nu c h)*b)sh% nu 0+ h sngc% c+cs <nc+ nu 0"h0 sus lh Th +l 0cu: *+0<n+ )cn *u snc su2c*sn3clc% )+s *h c 2sc )cn *u Th +l 0cu sl+/s*slc: )cn *u snc s)snss% )cn *u Cl *hndh2s*ss 0s*cs0h3s." B% su2lc c hl 0cu% *ccunbh4 c"3s hscs 2c*scs*ch 4s s *+dusc4 c" c s"b )*c3usc D s% dcbh*ccc Db0nul hccs h nu nu0hs c+ nu"3s )b*uncc4 c s+ c *c *hgs )*cchu % cs s+ c h)*b)ss subs b*: dhc+ Mhgdh"lcncs <4s hscundc *+nslc% )c snc c <0bsc lh clc% nu dbh* ch s+ lc h sngs% cs ch s+ lc 0+n<ncs: hu.s cu0 c chch0+ )c nu0clc +u% cu hsc0cnch /+ds*s dc bun+/bsn3+% <nc< bun+ h ch lus s+ c h *hg+: dhc+ 0+*c3sh lus c s2sc4 c% nu )sc*dc )*slcDul cu0sncc+*ss% c+cs /c4nscsh bh + /cs Dsndus du)+ ch: h*unc+" c lh )scsbh*clc lus% s *<ngc lh )sc) *+nslc <n2lb*s c% 4s dsn clc 3<4ns"/b*% <n lbc dc s<ngc% 0sc*c )*chdulcc )c ch*c s+ b 0+n<ncs% ncc h* cc*csc )c ch*c s+"& sb*bs 4s cu ch*c s+ c nu *c4 s. PUNCTUL ( Dsn )*c2c*h +% Mhgdhlcnh h dc/cns *ccunbsc+ bh*c 4s% nc0hs"<nc+)<ndu"s sns0h"n )sc) dc 0ul3u0s*c% 0c*gc s+ 4s"b <0)+* +4chsc+ 4s H)bs blslb*% db*nsc+ dc hDu b*ul lb* ch s+ hduc+ 0ul3u0s*s 4s s+ sh/u*c.c hh <*u*slc: sc bucu*+ <0)*cun+ cu cs nu )cn *u b ssngu*+ d*hh0+ g+ss +% cs )cn *u csncs8&% 4s <nc+ h < dc )*c3sbhsc% <nc< 2scch*c /hlb*ch.+ un Cc*: 4s nu sc /h 2s 0ul3u0s cu h < h% cs /h 2s )b2 s 4s cc clc cc*c4 s )cn *u ch clc% cu ls0bslc lb* su)c*sbh*c% s+ b hDu c h"4s s)b*s lhudclc du0nc.csc4 s% s)*c h 0c*s h s+ lc hscul3s bh + /sh3h c<n +*slc dc *ccunb4 sn3+. Cu0)+nc4 c c+ dhc+ Mhgdhlcnh% )cn *u b ssngu*+ dh + c<nd h hDuns s+ /hd+ *+nslc hcclch glb*sbhsc% 2+*+ h lc h sngc 0+ch*: s+ lc )*s/chsc+% 2+*+ 0+ch* h lc s+*u h% <n b3s hnss /sc3ss cs% .s dc .s <n *c cc clc <nh*s)h c% 4s b <4s )*bsl+/c4 c 2c*scs*ch% h uncs u% su2lc c hl 0cu% ch*c nu dbh* b dh +% cs dc h < ch b*s 4s"n h <3sh hns% .s dc .s% cbn snus s+"& )*s0c4 s )c Db0nul <n *cg% nu dbh* s+"s s+*u3s *+nslc% cs s+ s lc 0+n<ncs% /c.s c< c4 s dc dh b* s+ *c)c3s <n 2scch*c cchs 4s"n 2scch*c cls)+ 0ul3u0s*slc cu/cns c. S<*gushsc+ <n cb* bh c 2hcul +3slc hlc )*ch0+*snd 4s h*+ <ndu"4s *ccunb4 sn3h )cn *u hh <*u*s h < dc ncbbs4nus c% *c/c*sc bu.clc hlc c+ *c hccs c *+ns dulcch3h )c ch*c h su) "b sns0h h.
8&
ccs c 4h) c 0cds h3ss% s *<nsc hscs lh un lbc% bbs4nush s+ lc *c)c c /cnc*h ul )+*sn c K*hncsscb dc Bb*Dh87% ch )*cb % <n cclc 4h) c .slc hlc s+) +0<nss% .slnsc c< c unh% 4s b h4h lc /cs )u ch )*hc sch 4s u: sh* )c c<nd nu c*h <nc+ shcc*db % sc cu0sncch du0snsch% 2blbssnd cclc *cs .slc )*cccdcn c ch s+ sc )*cg+ chsc+% 4s cclc *cs .slc dc du)+ hccch ch s+ hduc+ 0ul3u0s*s 4s s+ culchg+ *bhdc. PUNCTUL & Mcds h"/cs c<nd /h 2s s+"& )*s0c4 s )c Db0nul ch )c un Rcgc% cc 0h*c 2hs hs )*c/cdch dhc+ h* 2s s+"& g+.dusc4 s <n chsh h )c Rcgclc lbculus: cs bsnc% cu c< 0hs 0h*s )*cg+ s*s *cbusc s+ 2hcs ch s+" & )*s0c4 s )c ccl hl Cc*ulus% 4s nu <n chsh% cs <n )sc) ul +uO Sh* dc"& )*s0c4 s ch )c Ms*clc ds/sn% ch + s+"3s <0)bdbbc4 s su2lc ul cu clcghn3h hh*ulus 4s cu gsu/hsc*clc scu0)c hlc /s* u3slb*. Dc"&
)*s0c4 s ch )c un Mcdsc% db*sndu"& cu b h < h h*dbh*c c< + nc/bsc hs dc cl% du*c*slc hlc s+"3s *c.chsc+ g<ndul c+ 4s Cl h su2c*s )cn *u snc 4s h b+u h0h*h cu*+3cnsc dc 2sc*c 4s b3c % ch s+ c /sndccc dc bblslc g*clc )c ch*c 3s lc"hu )*scsnus )l+cc*slc. Dhc+ c C+)s hn% <n *chgh h /sh3+ 2ssnd 0sls3sc86% <n*blch.+" c sub s chgu*slc shlc% chch0+"& <n hDu b* c<nd c /c.s hscdsh dc du40hns h < dc c*u.s. Dhc+ c Judcc+ b*% <ndc)+* ch.+ dc lh sns0h h b*scc /sn+ ch*c h* hducc h sngc*c d*c) +3ss bchslb* s+s ds/sns. Dhc+ P+s b*% s *sg+"& cu bch+s u*s dc sus)snc% 2sc ch s+ c scbh + dsn g< lcDul lu)ulus sn2c*nhl% 2sc ch s+ c )hsc+ )c )l+cu clc
87
MCDS0HDSH <5
(A'
)+4uns udh c chsh* cu s<ngclc lus. Dhc+ <n/+3+ b*% *ccunbh4 c"3s 0hs <n <s nc4 ssn3clc 4s s0)lb*+"& ch% dc /*c0c cc cs c <n3clc)csunc sn2sns +% s+ c <n/c3c hcch 0h*c 4 ssn3+ h cunbh4 c*ss% subs*ss 4s sluDs*ss shlc. Sh + )*cg+ s*ch )cn *u 2scch*c dsn hccs c 4h) c 0cds h3ss. PUNCTUL 7 Sh h0sn c c+ Rcgclc hccs h su)*c0 sc h)*b)sc dc )b*3slc su2lc ulus +u% 4s hnu0c dc bu.c: /snc cu bun+ h c? shs+"s <n <n <0")snh*c cu 0+*c3sc su2lc ul +u: cc*c"s 0slbs cnss% <n *uc< csnc sc d+*usc )c ssnc <nsu4s nu /h )u ch s+"3s *c2u.c ns0sch: sbsc4 c hcu0 ssngu*ul subs hl sns0ss hlc? shs+% dh*% s+" & )*s0chsc+ <n *+*unchs <n *c subs*s 4s db/c.s dc h2cc3sunc. Hcu0 sc"nhl3+ Mcdscul ds/sn% ch*c c s+n+ h ch% dbc b*sh 4s /csclsh bblnh/slb*% 4s cl h <ndu*h ccl dsn <s du*c*slc? <n2+3s4ch.+"3s"lc unh c< c unh 4s cc*c"s lchcul )cn *u bh c. s sc 4s s/c4 c /s ch.ul C+)s hn l<ng+ )sc) ? )*cd+"s chs clul su2lc ulus +u% nu c )*c2hcc )u c*nsc <n sl+bscsunslc hlc. Hcu0h"3s cc*c sbcb chlh nc<ndu)lcch ul Judcc+ b*? h*unc+"s" c lh )scsbh*c% 0+* u*sssndu"3s cu u0slsn3+ /snslc cclc g*clc 4s /cs dbb<nds sc* h*c. Tc chu + hcu0h P+s b*ul ccl Bun? hu.s"s 2lusc*+ u*slc 0slbs s/c% u*0ch.+"& cu d*hg 4s sh dsn 0<nh lus )<snch cc*chsc+. Hcu0 sc"h4h.+ lh ch cd*h sns0ss hlc Ds/snul <n/+3+ b*? hscul +"& cu luh*c" h0sn c 4s 2ss <0)+ s0s du)+ <n/+3+ u*h sh cch hdc/+*h +. PUNCTUL 6 Bucu*+" c dc hh <*ul )c ch*c 3s"& 2hcc 0h*clc <0)+*h : sh sch0h c+ c )c c< dc dh*nsc% )c"h < h dc )u c*nsc: <n/h3+ s+"s cc*s hcclush ch*c db*c4 c s+"3s dch% c+cs Cl )bh c 4s /*ch s+"3s dch. Unc4 c" c% su2lc c% cu <nd*+gbs s ul +u Ms*c 4s% dc /*c0c cc cl 3s"h dcschss *+*unchss lus% )*s0c4 c"& 4s u <n *"hs +s: 0ul c *+ns s"hs )*scsnus % /cs scbh c )*sn *+ns db/c.slc lus dc h2cc3sunc: nu0c4 c"& /sh3h h% dc /*c0c cc )c"h lus 4s"h )sc*du "b ch s+ c subchsc+. Kblbsc4 c lchcu*slc )c ch*c 3s lc hducc 0h*clc Mcdsc% 2+c<nd dbc b*sc chsh* dsn ch*nch 4s s<ngclc lus: Cl s"h s<ngc*h )cn *u s+n+ h ch h 4s h 0u*s ch s+"3s dch 3sc /sh3+. U*0ch.+"& )c C+)s hnul +u% c+cs Cl 0c*gc <n 2*un c <n bh c b+ +lsslc: nu"3s /h ls)ss )<snch% dcbh*ccc Cl 3s sc d+*usc )c ssnc ch h*hn+: lu) + cu cu*hD% c+cs )*s0s"/h Cl
470 CUMSNCCTBRUL
*+nslc <n lbcul +u: nu"s hbhndbnh s sndh*dul )<n+ cc nu bb3ss /sc b*sh. Hscul +% su2lc c% 4s h)lchc+"3s u*cchch lh un <n/+3+ b* h < dc <n3clc) % c+cs Cl c <n3clc)csunch Th +lus: 3s sc d+ ch h*hn+ ch s+ <n/c3s 0hs bsnc% h4h cu0 cb)slulus s sc dhu ls c*clc dc .hh+* ch s+ lc <n/c3c cu )l+cc*c: sc /b* <nsu4s cu s<ngc% dh* nu cu hl +u% cs cu hl <n/+3+ b*ulus <nsu4s% c+cs Cl h su)b* h bscclc )cn *u lcc3sh )c ch*c u n"hs 4 su "b. Cc Dus s2sc+*s <s )*c.sn3s unus Judcc+ b* h < dc 0slbs s/% ch*c h /*u s+ 2sc bs<nds )cn *u g*c4clslc hlcO s ccl ch*c n"h cb0ss nscs un )+ch 4s n"h )u* h h0+gs*c <n gu*+ h )l+ s )cn *u *+u h ch h: cc*c"s 0slbs s/s*c 4s 2+g+dusc4 c"s b 0h*c <nd*c) h*c: nu"3s /h cbn2ssch bunu*slc% cs% ds0)b *s/+% 3s sc d+ )c Ssnc ch h*hn+% ch s+ hs cc 0<nch. Hl+ u*+" c u*0cs P+s b*ulus +u cclus Bun% ch*c"3s c b dchunh nu *c3 dcs2+ + b*? Cl s"h cC)us )cn *u snc lu)slb* ch*ns/b*s% ch*c s"hu <0busbh dsn s<ngclc lus )<n+ lh ul s0h )sc+ u*+% sc0n c+ nu"s 0c*ccnh*: c scbh c lh )+scu chsh* <n *+*unchss s+s 4s c ducc )c u0c*s lh s <nh dsn Cc*ul s+u. PUNCTUL ( Kss *ccunbsc+ b* )c 0+su*h unus Rcgc h < dc gcnc*bs% sh* 0slbs s/s*slc *+0<n+ lcgh c <n bblsgh3ss /c4nscc dc h"& sluDs. Bucu"*+" c du)+ )lhc dc hh <*u*slc Ms*clus +u 4s s<*gusc4 c s+"s )+s *c.s c*cdsn3+% c+cs <n Dbc c nu 0hs )u3sn dcc< /sh3h h% 4s <nc+ cch /c4nsc+. Pl+ c4 c cu db/c.s dc *ccunb4 sn3+ dbc b*sslc h < dc cbs sss bh*c 4s )+s *ch.+ gu*h dclscsslb* hlc ch s"b 2blbsc4 s <n *u lhudclc lus. Hud+ Bhcsul Cc*csc bch+s u*slc 0ul3u0s*ss hlc <n chs) dc lhudc% sh* C+)s hnul +u h)lhu.clc )cn *u *su02ul lus. R+sunc b/h3sslc )cn *u <n3clc) ul +u <n/+3+ b*% sh* cch 0hs ssgu*+ cc* s2sch*c h <n/+3+ u*ss lus s+ 2sc )unc*ch cs <n luc*h*c <n *u 2blbsul +u. <n2+3s4ch.+"s bl<ndulus Judcc+ b* sns0h h h*s)h +% )c c< dc *ccunbsc+ bh*c )cn *u 0slh lus% )c"h < dc )bc+s + dc sc+lb4sh h: *ccunbh4 c c+ *+sc4 s dh b*s + lus 4s c+ dbh* )*sn hh <*ul lus nu c 0ss us )*c2+cu <n +csunc
/c4nsc hl shdulus.
MCDSTHSH (A (5&
PUNCTUL & /ugc + lh csnc 4s"h )*s0s b h/u ul dc lh hl ul% cu c< + d*hgbs c <l )*s0c4 c c<nd sc"n <0)l+ s+"s chlcc )*hgul chscs: <s )unc lh )scsbh*c b cc h*c% c+cs 4 sc c+ b ul s"h /cns dsn 0<nh lus: b ul <s )h*c )u3sn 2h3+ dc 0ul ul )c ch*c s"& dh b*ch.+% nu su2c*+ dsn )*scsn+ c+ ccch cc h )*s0s nu c 0hs 0ul % cs c+ nu"& )bh c sluDs cu 0hs 0ul : <l 0+* u*ssc4 c d*c) bsnc2+c+ b*ul s+u% d*c) ccl cc &"h 2+cu )c*sbhn+% 4s"& )unc 0hs )*csus dc )*b)*sul s+u c*c4 c )c hcclh cc &"h *sdsch dsn )ulbc*ch 3+*<nss. B% u% ch*c c cu0snccsQ Csnc bh*c c Db0nul )c ch*c"& g+.du"sc4 s hs +.s <n )sc) ul +uO G<ndc4 c c+"s dh b*c.s b cc c4 s. Cl c"h scbs dsn ns0sc% ch s+ 2ss 0ul % dcbh*ccc c"h 2+cu : nu"& )*s0c4 s <n chs+ s *+sn+% c+cs h du*h "b Cl% cu 0<snslc lus: Cl <3s d+ /sh3h% 2blbsc4 c"b <n *u sluDs*ch lus: Cl <3s d+ su2lc ul% 2blbsc4 c"& ch s+"& subc4 s )c Cl: )*s0c4 c"& ch )c ssngu*ul +u bsnc2+c+ b*% dcschsdc bchss c*cdsn3cs 4s /cdch"/cs <n hcchs + Bs sc )c Db0nul ch*c c"h c*cscu : )unc"3s"& <n )sc) ul +u ch*c% dsn 0ss dc )*scsns% <s c dh b*h lus: )unc"& <n *+*unchss +s% dcbh*ccc s<n hs lus: sn clcc ul +u cunbhsc+ hl cus cs c% sh* /bsn3h <nd*+gchsc+ un scb) cc"s cs c 4s bb<*4sc. Mhs )*csus dc b*scc% *u4snc.c"3s"sc sns0h c+ h )*c2+cu <n uncl c hlc b2cnscs lus )c hcclch cc"hu 2bs dh*u*s hlc 0+*sns0scs% hh <*u*s hlc sn2sns cs lus bsnc2hcc*s. PUNCTUL 7 Pu3sn c s+"3s dhs /sh3h )cn *u csnc/h: 0ul % dh% s+ 3s"b dhs )cn *u cl% s+ 0b*s )cn *u ch cl s+ *+shsc+% 4s chsh* hs h c )u3sn: cul0ch unus bsnc2+c+ b* hDungc )<n+ hcblb% <nc< s+ 0bh*+ chsh* )cn *u hcclh ch*c"& ucsdc% s+"& s.b+/chsc+ )c hcclh ch*c"& /sndc 4s s+"& *+scu0)c*c )c"hcclh ch*c"& cu0)+*+. S"h 0hs /+.u bh*c b hsc0cnch cul0c h subs*ssO Nu c cu )u sn3+ dcc< <n *"un Du0nc.cu <nd*+gbs s .
472 CUMSNCCTBRUL
8(
cs c c+ c"h )*cdcs snh slh/cs shlc% h4h cu0 c*c.s <n ch% 4s c+ b s+ c *sdscc <n slh/+% h4h cu0 n+d+Ddusc4 s: )*s0c4 c"& dccs ch )c su)*c0ul +u scb)% c+cs Cl <3s cs c hl2h 4s b0cgh: Cl <3s cs c )b)hs hl )c*cg*sn+*slb*% bdshn+ h 0uncslb*% )b* hl 0<n us*ss 4s ccn *u hl 2c*scs*ss hlc. <n c3c4 c"3s c*cdsn3h% c+cs )c hcclh4s )c ch*c hs
s+"& /c.s 4s dc ch*c hs s+ c bucu*s <n cc*% )c Db0nul hccs h <nsu4s% <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h <l )+s *c.s <nchss <n )sc) ul +u% ch .+lbg hl slh/cs. PUNCTUL ( Nu0chsc+"sc hccs )*chdu0nc.cscsc Shc*h0cn Cuhh*ss sh% ccch cc /*ch s+ .sc+ bun+ 0ul3u0s*c% dcbh*ccc dh*ul 2+cu nbu+ dc Db0nul 2ssnd ncs2<*4s % sc s0)unc nccbn cns h cC)*s0h*c h *ccunb4 sn3cs dsn )h* ch cclus cc sc cu0sncc+: nu cCss + hl 0bd dc h"& *cs s us du)+ cc"& )*s0c4 s b dh + dcc< s+"& 0hs )*s0c4 s <nc+ b dh +? hcchs h c cch 0hs 0h*c cC)*cssc h *ccunb4 sn3cs: 4s nu c hl + chlc ch s+ c hchs3s dc"h < ch 0slbs s/s*s% dcc< s+" & )*s0c4 s cu /*cdnscsc 4s s+ c cu0snccs% Pb s* )cn *u Pb s*% 4s s+ )l+ c4 s lcg+0sn clc c+ *c Db0nul )*sn h)lhu.c )ublscc% <n 2h3h <n *cgulus s+u )b)b*% 4s nu *+0<nc hl cc/h dcc< b 0bh* c )*c3sbhs+ <n *u Db0nul% du)+ cc l"hs )*s0s % c+cs c un chs) 0+*c3 dc"h 0ul3u0s )cn *u un 0h*c dh* hl lus Du0nc.cu dhc+ )*s0c4 s <nc+ unul. Tc g+sc4 s <ncch <n bsnc2hcc*s% <nchc+" c% dh*% <n s<ngclc lus? 0ul3u"0s"/cs h4h cu0 *cbusc% dhc+ subc4 s h4h cu0 cunb4 s. <n 2clul hccs h )u ch"/cs s+ c cu0snccs <n *c)c h c *<ndu*s% )*s0sndu"& )c Db0nul <n *"b .s ch )c C*ch b*ul% 4s"n hl h ch )c S.b+/s b*ul +u: dhc+ h.s ch )c dc./snb/+3s b*ul% 0<snc ch )c sl+/s b*ul +u.

PUNCTUL & Cu0)+nc4 c c< dc 0h*c 3s"h* 2s 2bs 2c*scs*ch dhc+ hs 2s 2bs dc 2h3+ cu c*cdsn3h cc"b dbb<ndc4 s lh hsnh hsu)*h c+*csh 0cds c.s. Cu c< + c/lh/sc c"hs )*cg+ s 4s cu c< + bucu*sc hs hsss hQ C+cs dhc+ c"h* *c.s <ngc*ul <n nbh) ch cch /bsbhs+ h nh4 c*ss% cu c< + s<*gusn3+ c"hs sculh% cu c< d*hg hs dh 2ugh s+ c bucu*s dc
P*uncul Du0nc.cu n+scu Q Cu0 hs )*sndc )*slcDul dc h"& /cdch 4s cbn c0)lh <n2+4h <n scu ccc )c" hcclh ch*c nu <nch)c"n cc*u*s: culch )c )hsc. )c"hcclh ch*c s + <n *c )cnc dc hc*u/s0s% )l<ng<nd bucu*sh <ngc*slb*Q s dc .suh T+sc*ss"<0)*cDu*% cu0 /cs <nsb3s cu lhc*s0slc hlc )scu*ss lus dc s<ngc: cu c< + 0<ng<sc*c c /cs bucu*h dc *+s s0)ul dc Cc* dc )c Thbb*% cu0 /cs 0<ncch <n ds0snch3h <n/sc*ss <n b/+*+4sh )c*lh cs hu*b*c /s*gsnhlc% ch s+ /c.s *+s+*snd sbh*clc glb*sbs <n *c *u0cnclslc /bsbhsc hlc *+nslb* shlcQ Cu cc cu*+3sc c/lh/sbhs+ c"hs <nh*0h ch s+ u*cs )c 0un c <n .suh *su02+ bh*cs <n+l3+*s h Db0nulus 4s cu0 c"h* 0hs )u* h sns0h du)+ ssnc <n ccn *ul cc*csc: cu c< + <nc<n h*c hs )*b2s h dc bh c hccs c )*slcDu*s: cu c< + <n2l+c+*h*c hs hsss h lh bh c hccs c hsncQ <n c3c4 c"3s. dh*% c*cdsn3h 4s )*scc)c c+ hcclh4s Db0n% <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h % )c ch*c l"hs /cdch 4s dc ch*c c"hs bucu*h hcblb% )c Cl <nsu4s <n )c*sbhn+ <l hs hscs. <n hccs )*chs2<n Shc*h0cn % 4s dhc+ hcblb <n *"b scslc% hscs <n Hl h*: dhc+ hcblb <n2+4h <n scu ccc% hscs <n *c hccsdcn c: hcblb g*+un c <n )hsc% hscs 0<nc<ndu"3s"& <0)+* +4s : dhc+ )c Thbb* l"hs /cdch <n/c40<n h <n .+)hd+% hscs <0b*+ch <n hlbs0c: dhc+ lh <n+l3h*c 3s l"h* hcb)c*s un nb*% hscs 3s"& hscundc b Bs sc. S<*gusc4 c s+ c )*cg+ c4 s cu hccch4s c/lh/sc% dcbh*ccc *chls h ch c hccch4s: <n c3chsc+"3s"sc c*cdsn3h 4s 3s sc /h *c.s ss03s*ch: c*chsc+% h4hdh*% <n snc <n2l+c+*h*ch )c 0+su*h 2c*scs*ss hlc. PUNCTUL 7 Cu0)+nc4 c cu cc dusb4sc bucu*bhs+ hs sn *h <n S hulul dsn Bc lcc0% )c c< dc gbl dc 0bbslc scu0)c% )c"h < dc )lsn dc 0<n"g<sc*s. Cu c< + /cnc*h3sc d*+g+s bhs+ c"hs h)*b)sh dc scslc 4s"hs 2s <ndusb4h dc Du0nc.cul <nb0cns : cu c< + g*sD+ s"hs s h <n )*chD0+: cu c< + h2cc3sunc c"hs bucu*h dc clQ s nc0ul3u0sndu" c s+"& )*s/c4 s% c"hs h)*b)sh ch s+"& h sngs 4s s+"& <0b*+3s4c.s% )*unc gsngh4% sh* u <ndusb4h . <n c3c4 c"3s% dh*% c*cdsn3h% <nsu2lc3c4 c"3s <nc*cdc*ch 0blc4s + 4s h)*b)sc" c h.s% dhc+ nu dc scslc% dc Hl h*. Nu c 0ul3u0s s+"& s+*u3s 4s s+"& s *<ngs <n b*h3c% cs s+"& 0+n<ncs. Sn2+4u*+"& <n bhsc*slc sns0ss 4s s *<ngc"& chsh* <nl+un *ul )sc) ulus +u: dhc+ lh T+sc*ch"<0)*cDu* l"hs /cdch /+*s<nd )c*lc <n lhc*s0s 4s *ubsnc <n s<ngc% *+scu0)+*h*c )*c3sbhs+ h su2lc ulus +u% cu0 c"h* 0hs cu)*sndc 0slhQ K+*+ <ndbshl+ c+ hcch sns0+% ch*c <n *ccc dsh0hn ul <n +*sc% s"h* <n0ush dc s<ngclc Msclu4clulus *+ns % )<n+
c<nd s"h* dss slh <n 2*<n u*s )*sn bchs. Culcgc h.s nu dbh* c< c/h )sc+ u*s dsn s<ngclc lus% ch h uncs% cs )c b <n sns0h h% 4s dhc+ hcblb <ncc*cs s+"& lsns4 c4 s% s *<ng<ndu"& lh )sc) % )unc"3s"& hs +.s chsh* <n cl. Dhc+ )c Thbb* hs lc4snh c<nd l"hs /cdch Sbh*c hl 2*u0usc3ss 4s ccl 0ul l"hs )*s/s dc dc)h* c% cbn c0)l+"& h.s dc h)*bh)c: 2sc )sc) ul +u un Thbb*% sh* sns0h h Cb* ul% cCclh0<nd cu S2<n ul Pc *u? >Dbh0nc% hscs s<n c0 <n *"hdc/+*% Tu <n 0snc 4s cu <n Tsnc." Hscs <3s s + lh dss)b.s3sc <n/sh : /snb% <n b/+*+4sh Mhscss Kccsbh*c% s+ c bucu*s dc *hndh2s*ss 0s*cs0h3s hs *+nslb* shlc% s+
*ccunb4 s% )*sn +sc u*slc 2sc*ulus <n ch*nc% hd<ncu*slc du0"nc.cs*ss% 4s nu"3s <ng+dusc dbh* s+"& h sngs 4s s+"& hdb*s% cs 4s s+"& )us <n )sc) ul +u. B)*c4 c"& hscs% lh 2cl dc sl+/s cu0 sc"n+l3h lh Cc*% 4s cbndu"& <n sns0h h% c+cs nu 3s sc /h s+l+4lus ch hcblb% cs"3s /h sn *h"n *+*unchs *su02+ b*: 2sc"3s )sc) ul un cc*% *c.c4 c"3s c*cdsn3h 4s /cs <0)*bs)+ h sh/u*h*ch u u*b* hccs b* hsnc% c+cs h uncs c<nd c cu0snccs% )c Db0nul <nsu4s% <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h % <l hs hscs% <n bc0hs cu0 l"hs /cdch 4s c" hs bucu*h dc Cl <n bh c hccs c <0)*cDu*+*s. PUNCTUL 6 S<*gusc4 c s+ scb3s )*sn hcchs + Cb0unsunc bh c 2blbhsclc )c ch*c lc"hs scbh c dhc+ c"hs h2lh dc 2h3+ lh hsnh cclcb*h + 4s% dc /*c0c cc"& hs )c hcclh4s Db0n% <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h % )c ch*c l"hs h/ch hcblb% cc*c"s hcclch4s 0slbs cnss: <n/h3+ s+ cc*s cus 4 sc h < dc bsnc s+ dch. Cu cc h0sn s*c hs *+0<nc dhc+ l"hs /cdch )c Du0nc.cul 4s Db0nul +u 4s c"hs bucu*h dc Cl <n b*sch*c dsn *c hsnclc hccs chQ Ksc"3s% )*sn u*0h*c% lh 2cl dc 0h*c bucu*sh% dc /*c0c cc 0h*c <3s c 2c*scs*ch. Cc n"hs 2hcc h uncs ch s+ 3s"b )b/cs c4 sO H*h +"3s *ccunb4 sn3h hcu0% c+cs nu 3s"c s0)us+ +cc*ch% ch H)bs blslb* )c 0un clc Thbb*% cs <3s c chc0h + c/lh/sh <n *u lhudclc ds/snc. >Cc s+"s dhu cu Db0nulus = s)unch P*b2c ul *cgc = <n schs0bul h < b* 0slbs cnssO" Pb s* )cn *u Pb s*% 2sc hcchs + Cb0unsunc 0ul3u0s*c )cn *u cch *ccu +% h4h cu0 hccch h 2bs b*<ndus*c )cn *u hcchs h. Csnc"h* 2s <n s h*c s+ c scbh + dsn s hul% b dh + <n+un *u cu )+s b*ssO Csnc bh*c s+ c cbbbh*c dc )c 0un c cu uccnscssO Csnc s+ c duc+ dc lh 0b*0<n cu M+*sslcO Hscs hs bh c hccs ch <n Hl h*% 4s chsh* 0hs h)*bh)c% hdsc+ <n )sc) ul +u: lsns4 c4 c" c <n 0cds h3sc 4s s +*usc <n *u l+udh*ch 4s )*bsl+/s*ch Db0nulus. H0sn.
(5A CUMSNCCTBRUL

J"Dcsnc h* 2s% dh* )*ch lung% s+ )*cg+ c4 s c< c b 0cds h3sc s)ccshl+% ch s+ c cu0snccs dc s+*b+ bh*ch 2scc+*us S2<n : 2scch*c /h )u ch dccs s+"4s hlchg+ dsn *c cclc )*b)usc )c cch 0hs )b *s/s + .slcs 4s /sc3ss S2<n ulus: dhc+ <ns+ cus/h s s"h* )+*ch c+ s"h* cu0sncch <n chs) 0hs c/lh/sbs <n c0csul unus g<nd 0hs h)*b)sh dc hcch s+*b+ bh*c% /h hlcgc h uncs un 0b0cn shu b <0)*cDu*h*c dsn /sh3h S2<n ulus h*0bns.h + cu Cb0unsunch 4s b /h dss)unc sub 2b*0+ dc 0cds h3sc% )*ccu0 u*0ch.+? PUNCTUL & G<ndc4 c" c lh /*cun hh <* h)h* c )c ch*c s &"h 2+cu Db0nul hccs us S2<n : bun+bh*+% dhc+ *cbusc s+ c cu0snccs dc .suh S2<n ulus Shcbb ccl Mh*c% cu0)+nc4 c cu0 &"h luh C*ss bs cu ssnc )c 0un clc Thbb* 4s s"h <0)+* +4s slh/h sh: <n bh*cc" c h)bs 4s g<ndc4 c" c cu c< 0hs 0h*c c hh <*ul )c ch*c 3s= & hcb*d+ 3sc Db0nul% dc /*c0c cc nu dbh* <3s <ng+dusc s+"s 2ss hl+ u*s% cs sn *+"n )sc) ul +u: s<*gusc4 c% h4hdh*% s+ c )*cg+ c4 s% s0s <ndu"& )c S2<n % cu /s* u3s ncbbs4nus c% ch s+ dbb<ndc4 s hh <*u*s h < dc dcbscbs c. Pc S2<n ul Mh cs &"h chc0h ch s+ 0ch*g+ <0)*cun+ lh cl hchs+ 4s s"h l+sh )b2 s dc cl: )c snc c chch0+ h.s Db0nul <nsu4s% sn *+"n )sc) ul +u 4s c <0bsc cu *u)ul s+u )*c3sbs. Pc S2<n ul Ksls) &"h <n *cbh dc undc h* )u ch 2hcc *bs dc )<snch )cn *u ccs csncs 0ss dc bhs)c3s: )c snc nu c )unc <n ds2scul h c% cs <3s b2c*+ )<snch Cc*ulus. Cc bucu*bs s"h ss03s S2<n ul Hnd*cs c<nd &"h /+.u )c Db0nul 4s &"h hu.s )c Sbhn Bb c.+ b*ul s)un<nd? >Sh +"& )c Msclu4clul Db0nulusQ" S"h dus nu0hsdcc< du)+ cl 4s &"h <n *cbh undc lbcusc4 c: hscul + cu0 4s 3sc <3s s)unc hcclh4s luc*u )*cb ul c<nd /ss 4s"& 0+n<ncs chsh* )c Msclul Db0nulus. Bucu*+" c dc nb*bcul +u ccl bun dc .suh S2<n ulus Mh cs 4s )*cg+ c4 c" c ch un /hs hlcs dc .suh S2<n ulus H)bs bl Ph/cl% dcbh*ccc *cbusc s+ )b*3s <n )sc) ul +u nu dbh* nu0clc% cs 4s *u)ul Db0nulus: s<*gusc4 c% h4hdh*% s+ c )*cg+ c4 s )*ccu0 hcc4 s d*c)3s% c+cs dhc+ cs hu 2+cu "b ch s+ )*s0chsc+ hh <*u*slc Db0nulus% u )c Db0nul <nsu4s% s./b* hl u u*b* 0slbs cnsslb*.
MCDSTHSH (8 477
PUNCTUL 7 Cu0)+nc4 c cu0 hu )*c3us S2sn3ss hcc4 sh bun+/bsn3clc Db0nulus 4s cu0 hu 4 su h lc dbb<nds: cunbh4 c hh <*ul h < dc ncbbs4nus )c ch*c 3s"& 2hcc h.s% <n/h3+ s+ c bucu*s dc cl 4s s+ 2ss *ccunbsc+ b*: <ncsngc" c% h4hdh*% <n 2bcul subs*ss% ch Lhu*cn3su% 4s /c.s c+ dhc+ cl 4s"h cb) *u)ul )cn *u 0hsh lus Du0nc.cu% h.s Db0nul <4s cbhcc *u)ul lh 2bcul subs*ss )cn *u h*hnh h. Dhc+ Sgnh3su sc cbnssdc*h g*<u 0+csnh <n *c cbl3ss 2sh*clb*% ch s+ 2sc )<snc hlb+ 4s cu*h +% Db0nul 3s sc d+*usc <n chs) dc )<snc 0+csnh + <n Ph s0slc shlc 4s cbh) + <n subs*c. Dhc+ S2<n ul Bh* blb0cu 4s"h sc*/s lh bs)+3ul ccl /c4nsc *u)ul Du)us % Db0nul <3s <n2+3s4ch.+ ch 0<hch*c *u)ul s+u% <n/snc3s b 4s *+ns : dhc+ S2<n ul Shcbb c*h cbns<ngchn cu H*ss bs 4s 2bh* c hsc0+n+ b* lus% 4s u c4 s cbns<ngchn hl Db0nulus% dc /*c0c cc c h*+nc4 s cu ch*nch 4s s<ngclc lus: chu + s+"s 2ss hsc0cnch <n b ul 4s
chsh* s+ 2ss unul 4s hcclh4s luc*u cu Cl. Dhc+ S2<n ul Sbss2 h 2bs ccl s)b*s <n hh <*u*s% ccl c*cscu <n 2c*scs*s% )cn *u c+ &"h )u* h dc"h < ch b*s <n b*h3c )c P*uncul Du0nc.cu% u% ch*c"& scs <n gu*+% <l )+s *c.s <n )sc) % c*c.s <n dcs+/<*4s*c ch 4s <n hh <*. S2<n ulus Luch s"h <ng+dus s+ 2hc+ b cb)sc% 3sc chsh* b*sgsnhlul: <n s)+*c4 c"3s"& )c b+sc*slc sns0ss hlc. PUNCTUL 6 Tb3s S2sn3ss hcc4 sh hu hdus 0ul3u0s*s ncbbs4nus c Db0nulus )cn *u bsnc2hcc*s h < dc ncbbs4nus c: c2hn h s *sgh c<nd &"h /+.u )c C*ss bs h)+*<nd <n )scsbh*c <n sndclc Cc*ulus: u s.bucnc4 c <n lhudc c+"& /c.s chsh* <n )sc) ul +u: lhud+"& cu S2<n h Tc*c.h% 2ssndc+ Cl s"h c+s+ b*s cu su2lc ul +u 4s &"h <0)bdbbs cu gsu/hsc*clc scu0)c hlc /s* u3slb*. Dhc+ S2sn cs Cch c*snh s"h dh /c*sghc h dc hu*% 3sc )bdbhbh slh/cs. Us0c4 c" c cu S2<n ul Hugus" sn dc 2h) ul c+ hcch 0h*c s0cns+ h lus Du0nc.cu <nch)c <n g*bh)h cch 0sc+ h )sc) ulus +u. P*bsl+/c4 c"& cu S2<n ul Sgnh3su )cn *u ch nu nu0hs lh Rb0h% cs )*c u sndcns s+"3s 2sc bsnc/bs b* 4s )*sclnsc: ccl ch*c S2<n ulus K*hncssc s"h <n s)+*s s sg0h clc shlc% sh* S2<h ulus Bc*nh*d 4s"h h*+ h cbhs h% h.s 3s sc b2c*+ 3sc )c dc"h"n *cgul 4s 3s sc"n s)+*c4 c <n sns0+? <n/h3+ s+"3s *ccunb4 s hh <*ul 4s /cs 4 s s+"& )*c3usc4 s% s<*gusnd s+"& dbb<ndc4 s 4s s+ 0ul3u0c4 s )cn *u cl <n b3s /ccss. H0sn.
47$
C!MSNCC70BR!#

.Hsc0+n+ b* cu Mcds h3sslc )*b)usc hscs% )b3s 4s u s./bds hl clc% ch*c% ch bd*hslc hlc )*b)*scs hlc cugc +*s 4s )cn *u c+ c"hu cbs h 0unc+% bbs4nuscsc h *c.s b 0hs 0h*c c/lh/sc. Hs 2cl? PUNCTUL & G<ndc4 c" c lh d*hgbs ch cu ch*c un )*unc db*c4 c )sc) ul 0h c*n% cu c< + *</n+ sc n+)us c4 c lh cl% <s d+ ghcs 2bh0ch% <l sslc4 c h2cc3sunch% 4s hs 2cl )l<ngc 4s sc .bucsu0+ )<n+ c<nd <l dbb<ndc4 c. Cu hccch4s d*hgbs c *cbusc s+ db*c4 s 4s u s+ hDungs lh cu0sncch*c: )l<ngs% sus)sn+% gc0c% *bhg+" c 4s cc*c )sc) ul lus C*ss bs? 0h*c cugc h*c h lus Gu*+ dc Hu*. Psusc% ch )usul )clschnulus% du)+ )sc) ul s)sn cch hl Hu b*ulus /sc3ss hlc. S *sg+% ch )us4b*ul cb*bulus c<nd sc /cdc ls)ss dc *bu+ cc*chsc+. Pb2 c4 c% g<2<snd ch d*u0c3ul <nsc h % s./b*ul dc h)c /ss: chu + g*+un clc cb) % )*ccu0 2u*nscu3h cch hh*nsc+ 4s )*ccu0 c+3clul 2s*0s u*slc dc )<snc dc lh 0hsh s +)<nulus s+u? <n hccs 2cl c4 s dh b* s+ c )*cg+ c4 s% cu lhc*s0s 4s sus)snu*s% cu ss03s*s 4s s *+dhnss% cu *ug+csuns 4s ch.nc% )cn *u S2<n h Cb0unsunc% c+cs cu c< 0hs sn cnsc /b* 2s db*sn3clc cu ch*c /cs /cns% cu h < 0hs <0)lsns c /b* 2s *bhdclc )c ch*c lc /cs bb3snc. PUNCTUL 7 Cu0)+nc4 c *</nh cu ch*c 0sclu4clul ccl gsngh4 hlch*g+ s+ h)ucc 3<3h 0hscss shlc% cu c< + d*hgbs c *hgc dc ch% cu c< + )l+cc*c sugc dsn ch: /snb lh S2<n h Cb0unsunc cu b h < h s<*g du)+ nc/bsh h% cu b h < h )l+cc*c c< + cunb4 sn3+: d+ 2ugh cu su3chlh )usulus ch s+ csugulchsc+ bbbul dsn csbcul 0hscss shlc subs bh*c ch*c"l chch0+% *cculcg<ndu" c h)bs sub h*s)slc b*h3clb* lus C*ss bs <n snsc )c C*ucc. N+)us c4 c" c cu )l+cc*ch bblnh/ulus <nsc h hsu)*h )hhh*ulus cu lchc *+cb*s b*. H)*b)sc" c cu u4u*h*ch d*u0c3ulus *cbcgs dc 2bcul cc"& bc*b c4 c. Sh/u*ch.+% gus +% 0+n<nc+ 4s dcs2+ ch.+" c cu hcchs + )<snc cc*chsc+% <0bsn<nd )l+cc*ch cu c<4 sgul% <ncc*c<nd gus u*slc cclcs c 4s dbb<ndsnd <n0ul3s clc 2blbhsc.
MCDS0HDSH 51
(5'

PUNCTUL & Cbnssdc*+" c <nc+ dc )c hcu0% subs c 2*h c% )c )scsb* dc )lcch*c dsn /sh3h hcchs h 0u*s bh*c c+ *c cch /c4nsc+ 4s sh h0sn c c+% )cn *u b c+l+ b*sc h < dc lung+% c nc/bsc dc 0h*c )*cg+ s*c cu bh c cclc%
<ndcbscbs cu hcchs + )<snc h /sc3ss% )cn *u )hsul 0b*3ss hlc h)*b)sh c. T*ccs dsn lu0ch hs h <n *" hl h% dsn )h ul dc hscs lh *sbunhlul lus Du0nc.cu? /c.s% h4hdh*% cu0 *cbusc s+ c <nh*0c.s cu b S)b/cdhnsc bun+ 4s dc)lsn+ 4s cu b 2sc*bsn c 4s s2<n h Cb0unsunc. >Scbhl+ dc 0+n<nc+ 4s bch = s"h s)us <ngc*ul )*b2c ulus Slsc =% c+ lung+"3s cs c chlch." Hscul + cu0 hcclh4s luc*u 3s"& s)unc 4s 3sc <ngc*ul unus bun duhb/nsc% ch*c c dc.h0+gc4 c dc )*s0cDdsh h? >Subs c 2*h c% <nhl3+"3s sns0h lh Du0nc.cu% dc lh
8B
(89 CUMSNCCTBRUL
c*ch u*s lh C*ch b*% dc lh )+0<n lh Cc*% dc lh cclc )+0<n c4 s lh cclc /c4nscc% nu 4 ss dhc+ c /cs 0hs *sdsch dsn )h ul hccs h% 0+n<nc+ bsnc% c+ c h4 ch) + un d*u0 lung 4s )*s0cDdsbs: /c.s c+ hs dc b+ u c+*+*s nc0hsb+ u c% +*10u*s nc0hs/+.u c dc snc% chu + s+ s+/<*4c4 s Cu0sncc+ u*h hcchs h ch 4s cu0 h* 2s cch dc )c u*0+% cu dcs+/<*4s*slc cclcs 2snhlc% )un<ndu"3s <n Dbc bh + c/lh/sh. Sh sch0h c+"3s scs *+0hs bun dc lh cu0sncc+ u*+: 2hc+"sc /+ds + d*hgbs ch h )cn *u hccs P*chs2<n Shc*h0cn )*sn dusb4sh cu ch*c <l )*s0c4 s )cn *u ul s0h dh +: h3sn c4 c"3s hsu)*h hccs cs 3sn c bchss cc h < dc cu*<nd 3s sc /b* <nchsdc ch s+ nu 0hs /hd+ nscsbdh + <n /sh3h hcchs h 0u*s bh*c: 2sc ncscch c s./bh*c dc )l<ns hs +.s cclc cc 0<snc /b* *cbus s+ sccc: gu*h h% ch*c h < dc cu*<nd /h s+ sc <nchsd+ )cn *u h nu sc 0hs dcschsdc nscsbdh +% dcschsdc"3s"b h.s 4s l+*gc4 c"3s"b bsnc ch s+ 3s"b u0)lc dc dulcch3+ h*hnh hcchs h sh/u*bhs+: sh h0sn c c+ c 0hn+ hscuns+ 4s h*c s+"3s <ndulcchsc+ h0h*h b+u u*+ h 0b*3ss cc c"h0cnsn3+ dsn cls)+"n cls)+. S *sgc"3s ls0bh% cc*<nd sc* h*c% )<n+ nu sc ls)c4 c dc b dc cc*ul gu*ss: )sc) ul cc"3s *+gu4c4 c b 0hs *+u scbh + sus)snc dc du*c*c: sns0h cc"3s /h s2<*4s h < dc cu*<nd ch h*hn+ )cn *u /sc*0s h*+nchsc+"sc dsn T*u)ul ccl hdc/+*h hl lus C*ss bs% ch*c s"h nu0s )c ssnc /sc*0c hl )+0<n ulus: 0+*un hsclc hlc% cc"4s )sc*d cls)+ dc cls)+ *+su2lul /sc3ss% 0<ng<sc"sc cu hccs dccbc dc nc0u*s*c% 4s dsn <n *cgul +u% subs c 2*h c% u% ch*c <n scu* s0) hs s+ c dcs2hcs <n )ulbc*c 4s ccnu4+% s *+dusc4 c" c s+ c )*cschs0bs <n hccs Db0n <0)+* +4s % )cn *u ch <n 2clul hccs h Cl s+ d+snushsc+ <n snc 4s u <n Cl b /c4nscsc dc slh/+." PUNCTUL 7 <n c3c4 c"3s c*cdsn3h% subs c 2*h c% 4s g<ndc4 c c+ <n Bs sh hcchs h <l )*s0c4 s )c Db0nul% ch*c% )cs c c< c/h cchsu*s% h*c s+ c Dudccc Cl <nsu4s: Cl /snc hcu0h lh snc% 4s u c /cs ducc cu*<nd lh Cl: Cl c Db0nul ch*c <3s /h cc*c sbcb chl+ h0+nun3s + )cn *u bh + /sh3h h: dsn )h ul dc hscs /cs 2s )u* h <nhsn ch *sbunhlulus s+u ncc*u3+ b*: /c.s h4hdh*% c+ hcu0h c )b2 c4 c lh sc* h*c: dhc+ h uncs c /h <n"s)+s0<h h cu )cdch)sh cch <n2*scb4h +% hscs sc lhs+ 0s us 8A cu dh*u*s:
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2*h c% cu s2<n ul b+ *<n Ss0cbn? Nunc ds"sttss scr u" tuu" D!"snc, sccundu" cr!u" tuu" sn phcc ;>Hcu0h <n *"hdc/+*% Dbh0nc hl 0cu% 0u*s"/bs 0<ng<sh % c+cs <0)+ch cu Tsnc"E. S)unc cu P*b2c ul *cgc? Sn phcc sn sdspsu" d!r"sh", ct rcAuscsch" ;>Hcu0% dh% Dbh0nc% db*0s"/bs 4s 0+ /bs bdshns <n )hcc 4s <n Tsnc <nsu3s"E.
4$2
C!MSNCC70BR!#
Dc lh Tsnc% <0)+* +4s % /bs 0c*gc lh Tsnc Ccl dsn Slh/+: dc lh un Du0nc.cu )c ch*c l"h0 )*s0s <n )sc) ul 0cu% lh un Du0nc.cu ch*c s+ 0+ )*s0chsc+ <n Cc*ul s+u% 4s% dc /*c0c cc hscs h0 hDuns s+ 0+ uncsc cu Tsnc )*sn Cu0sncc+ u*+% hcblb n+d+Dduscsc s+ 0+ uncsc cu Tsnc )*sn 2c*scs*c. Rc)c + cu S2<h ul Ph/cl? Msns s crc Chrsstus cst, ct "!rs lucru" ;>Mbh* ch cs c c<4 sgul 0cu% )cn *u c+ 0u*snd <n *u C*ss bs% /bs *+s lh C*ss bs"E. B2c*+"s su2lc ul +u cu S2<h ul c2hn? D!"snc Scsu, hccspc spsrstu" "cu" ;>P*ch"dulcc Ssusc% 4s 0hs cu sch0+ lh cchsul hccs h% Ssusc 4s M<n us b"*ulc hl 0cu% )*s0c4 c"0s duhul"E. S)unc dc hsc0cnch chsh* cu Ssus? Phtcr, sn "hnus tuhs c!""cnd! spsrstu" "cu" ;>P+*sn c )*chsubs b*% <n 0<snslc hlc <nc*cdsn3c. duhul 0cu"E: dsn clc h )lcch % lh clc *cbusc s+ sc <n bh*c+. Hu.s cc"3s *+s)undc? N!ss ts"crc, c#! pr!tcct!r tuus su", ct "crccs tuh "h#nhns"ss ;>Nu c c0c% sh +% hscs s<n Cu% bc*b s b*ul 4s s)*sDsnul +u% sh* bsnclc cc /cs )*s0s dsn 0<hh 0ch 0h*c 2s"/h <n bh c 2clu*slc"E: nu"3s )sc*dc <nc*cdc*ch dsn )*scsnh /snslb* hlc% dcbh*ccc 0slbs cnsslc 0clc s<n 0ul c: cc*c 4s 3s sc /h dh% hdsc+ sc* h*c% hh* 4s /c4nsc+ slh/+. PUNCTUL ( Du)+ h < ch hh <*u*s )*s0s c% )b3s <n *"hdc/+* hducc cu/cns clc 0ul3u0s*s? c<n + ch lcb+dh cc *hgc s+ 0bh*+% cu s)b*s + dusb4sc% 4s s+ 2sc b c<n h*c nbu+% <ncc)<nd"b hscs 4s u*0<nd"b <n /ccs hcblb% <n Cc*? Msscrsc!rdshs D!"sns sn hctcrnu" chnth!!. #c4nsc l+u"dh"/bs 4s /bs bsnccu/<n h )c un Db0n h < dc bun% 4s dhc+ nu 0hs c4 s <n s h*c cu ls0bh% /b*bc4 c cu sns0h: 4s dhc+ bu.clc nu 3s sc 0hs )b 0s4ch% 0s4 c"s"sc cs c+0+*slc 4s cu *c0u*c"3s"sc *+*unchss: )*c3usc4 c bun+ h ch cc 3s"h 2+cu "b Rcgclc Cc*ulus% c+cs h /cns Cl s+ c /hd+ )c snc% ch s+ 0c*gs h)bs u s+"& /c.s )c Cl hcblb: ch cs c .+lbg hl slh/cs% <ndh b*h u"s"h Db0nul: h /cns s+ sc dcs)h* + dc snc <0)+* +4s % ch sc0n c+ c subc4 c 4s c+ c /h )*s0s <n slh/+: h /cns lh snc hchs+ s)*c h c ducc u lh Cc*ul s+u. CCclh0+ cu S2<h ul Rcgc? Lhcthtus su" sn hss Auhc dscth sunt"shs, sn d!"un d!"sns s!s"us ;>B% cc /c4 s bunc 0s s"hu dh % c+ hs +.s *cbusc s+ 0c*g lh chsh Db0nulus 0cuQ"E. S2<*4c4 c s)un<nd /b*bclc bucu*bhsc cu ch*c 4s"h dh duhul s0c*s ul S2<n K*hncssc? Mc c-pcc3thnt susts d!ncc rctrs!uhs "sns ;>B% 0+ h4 ch) + cu* cnss cc*ulus ch s+ 0+ )*s0chsc+ <n dulcch lb* b/+*+4scQ"E: nu ssngu* /bs 0c*gc% cs /b0 0c*gc: su2lc ul 0cu /h 0c*gc <nsb3s dc P*chs2<n h Kccsbh*+%
MCDS0HDSH 51
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85
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CUPRSNS
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h 0hs 2s b cb0bsnh3sc% uncb*s c c*bgcn+% dc cs h c% scn sn3c% cbnssdc*h3ss )bls scb"ss b*scc 4s 0b*hlc shu hnccdb c% ch b <n *chg+ ls c*h u*+ <n dcsccndcn3+ c*hs0shn+ shu% 4s 0hs bbgh *c)*c.cn h + <n S)hnsh% hcs shn+% ch dc )sld+ Tcst! csphn!l, slustrhd! c!n hk!rss"!s, dc Bhl hsh* Hlh0bs dc Bh**scn bs ;Mhd*sd% &A&(E% <n ch*c *hducc*ch dsn Thcs c <nsb3s + dc *c2lcc3ss scu* c% scn cn3sbhsc% cbncc)u c ch un cb0cn h*su h)b2 cg0h sc lh cC . H2b*ss0ul <ns+% h4h cu0 <l dcs+/<*4c4 c 0h*clc sc.us h*hgbnc.% *c)*c.sn + b 2b*0+ h* ss sc+ nbu+% cbns *us + )c bh.h >cu/<n ulus dc s)s*s 4s cC)*csscs sub slc% h c2cc clb* bnb0h b)cscc 4s Dbculus dc cu/sn c"% <nchcg<nd >un sss c0 dc b hd0s*hbsl+ /h*sc h c 4s cu cclc 0hs *h2snh c nuhn3c bnhlc"&A? hsss +0 hs 2cl lh nh4 c*ch hk!rss"ulus lstcrhr, gcn dc 0h*c cb0)lcCs h c 4s dcs snh uncs ch*sc*c cu*b)cnc nc<n *c*u) c% dc lh 0hCs0clc lus Lh Rbchc2buc huld 4s )<n+ lh nb h3sslc h2b*ss scc hlc lus Phul #hlc*!% succcssunc ch*c h* 2s 2bs dc nccbncc)u 2+*+ cCss cn3h Brhc!lulus "hnuhl". Succcssunc c+*csh nc )c*0s c0 s+"& hd+ug+0 )c ccl 0hs s *+lucs % )bh c% *c)*c.cn hn cbn c0)b*hn hl gcnulus% 4s hnu0c )c C.M.Csb*hn. Sndc)cndcn3h cs c sc+ h 2scc+*us h2b*ss0 <l dss)cnsch.+ )c c*ch b*ul hccs us gcn 4s dc ncccss h ch h)lsc+*ss unb* c*s c*ss dc b*dbnh*c <n chd*ul culcgc*ss% ssngu*h 0h*c+ 2b*0hl+ h 2luCulus cCcbgs h s/ uns h* 2ssnd nu0c*b h*ch% sh* ssngu*ul 2hc b* cbhgulhn dc hd<ncs0c db/cdsndu"sc cbc*cn3h s slss sc+ 4s h/hnsh*ch u u*b* h2b*ss0clb*% <n *"b hscuns *cgs.h + dc/+l0+4sc% ch b h*0h + )cs *s3+ ch*c"4s hscundc sn cn3sslc sub b dc.b*dsnc ss0ulh +% c+ *c hcclh4s scb) 2b*0h s/" hc sc? cduch*ch )*udcn3cs 0undhnc. K+*+ un )lhn dcclh*h % h4hdh*% h2b*ss0clc s<n b2c*s c dc c+ *c hu b* <n3clc)3slb* hdunh3s lh bs)+3ul sh)scn3shl% du)+ cu0 sc s)unc <n cu/<n ul c+ *c cs s b*% ch >un 0c0b*su... <n ch*c s+ sc <nsc*sc kclurslc dc !uchtc prudcnphlc $s.n.) cc sc /b* 2s sc*/snd <n cclclhl c b)c*c% )cn *u h <0)+*3s )l+cc*ch <n 0bd hg*chbsl"? sc *chc s/ch.+ hs 2cl b 0c h2b*+ c s0blbgsc+ dc /cchc *hds3sc% 4s hnu0c hccch h <nsu4s*ss 4 ssn3cs 4s <n3clc)csunss ?shpscntsh, dc*s/<nd dsn shp!r, <nsch0n+ gus % )*scc)c*c dc h h)*ccsh bun+ h ch 0<nc+*u*slb*% h)bs <n/+3+ u*+% 4 ssn3+% <n3clc)" &A K*s . Schhl2% >Zu* Gcschsch c dcs Kb* cs H)hb*ss0us..."% h* .cst., <n !p. cst., ). &B. Dcs)*c hn cccdcn clc s)hnsblc% 0hs hlcs )c lsnsh hcs ss0ulus% /c.s Kh*l Hl2*cd Blsshc*% >G*hcs1ns H)hb*ss0cn s0 LB*+culb 0hnuhlM und dsc T*h"ds sbn dc* )bls sschcn H)hb*ss0cnsh00lungcn sn S)hnscn"% S!cr!""hnsh, &&'A'. )). 6&'=675. B hnhls.+ cb0)lc + h Dbculus dc cu/sn c <n Brcul!, K*hncsscb G.Pb/cdhnb% >Cl Ducgb dc )hlhb*hs cn cl Brcul! "hnuhl dc G*hcs1n"% R!"hnsschc 1!rschun#cn, 88&'5A% )). 7&9"77(. #c.s 4s Hcl0u Hh .2cld. Cstuds!s s!!rc cl Bhrr!c!, Bsblsb cch Rb0hnsch Hss)hnsch% G*cdbs% Mhd*sd% &'AA ;scgundh cdscs1nE% ch). >Cl bh**bFuss0b dcl LB*1culb 0hnuhlM dc G*hcs1n"% )). 6(A"6A6. &5 Kh*l Hl2*cd Blsshc*% h* . cst, ). 675: Dsc c* K*c0c*s% !p. cst., ). 'B.
21
csuncE )*sn *"un ss*hsls)*bccs dc nu *s3sc 2s.sblbgsc+% )*ccu0 cclcb*h snnutrsts!n h lus Mbn hsgnc% )*sn *"un 0c hbblss0 s)s*s uhl cb0)lsch ch*c gcnc*ch.+ b nbu+ 2+) u*+ l+un *sc+ su)c*sbh*+% lh G*hcs1n% du)+ cu0 h0 /+.u % c*bul% b0ul dc lu0c shu dsscc*n+ b*ul% )*udcn ul% )c*sbhnh shu <n3clc) ul. B. Dh* hccs 0c hbblss0 ch*c dc2snc4 c 4 ssn3h b0cnchsc+ ?shpscntsh. shp!r c cE% <4s h*c un cb*cs)bndcn 4s <n 2unc3sbnh*ch 2ssn3cs 0c h2s.scc dsn b0. P*bccsul dc nu *s3sc 4s hss0slh*c h uncs subs hn3c sub slc cs c chlch *hns2b*0+*ss *hdschlc h b0ulus <n <nsu4s C*ch b*ul s+u 4s h hccs ush <n c*ch u*h 0<n us +. Thsnh cuhh*ss scs c <ns+4s c0h ul s0ulus *h h hl lus G*hcs1n% ul s0ul b bdh + 4s hl cds3scs dc 2h3+% hd*csh b0ulus *clsgsbs. Pb.s3sh hccs us cb0)cndsu dc hscc.+ s)s*s uhl+ 4s 0ss sc+ <n b)c*h lus G*hcs1n% )c dc b )h* c% 4s <n ls c*h u*h s)hnsbl+% )c dc hl h% ncccss + c< c/h )*ccs.+*s. T*cbusc s+ <ncc)c0 )*sn h 0+* u*sss c+ h0 subh)*ccsh s0)b* hn3h hccs cs c+*3s sc*ssc dc G*hcs1n <n &AB6 4s )ublsch c% du)+ bb3snc*ch dc hs + dh + h u u*b* h)*bb+*slb* s0)usc dc dsscs)lsnh b*dsnulus% <n &ABB% sub sc0n+ u*h sh *chl+% ch. unsc <n ch*sc*h sh. Nc"h0 l+sh sndu4s <n c*bh*c dc c< c/h lbcu*s cb0unc )*s/s bh*c lh cbncc)3sh lus G*hcs1n dcs)*c lu0c 4s lbcul b0ulus <n *"<nsh% ch 4s dc unclc h)*ccsc*s 0sns0hls.hn c dcs)*c lbcul subhl c*n bcu)h dc Cl c!"ul#ht!rs! )*sn *c cclclhl c
c+*3s hlc lus. Nu0hs *hduc<ndu"& = h0 sus3snu <n b dchunh c+ *hducc*ch c cch 0hs )c* sncn + b)c*h3sc dc h)*chcndh*c c*s sc+ h unus hu b* = s"h0 <n3clcs <nsc0n+ h ch cu b ul ncbbs4nus +. Hbsh cu hcchs + sc*sc*c )c*sbnhls h ch 0h*clus h*hgbnc. s.bu c4 c b cC)*s0h*c sn cg*hl+% h)*b)*ssndu"4s <n )*s0ul *<nd ds0cnssunch 0c h2s.sc+% hbscn + dsn cclclhl c c+*3s. <n lbcul cs% b 0undhns h c 2+*+ s)c*hn3+ sc+ldh + <n *"un )css0ss0 *hdschl% ssngu*h chlc dc shl/h*c )cn *u pcrs!hnh g*hcshncsc+% )cn *u b0ul dcs+/<*4s % h c+*us 2b*0h*c b /cdc b u4s cu )u sn3+% 2ssnd hcccsul lh 0c0b*sh s0hncn + h b0cns*ss% lh >snsulh nc0u*s*ss" undc <3s dhu d*c) ul s+ c sns hlc.s )bs u0 2h) clc dsn s0)ul /sc3ss? nc0u*s*ch hcchs h c <ns+ *clh s/+ 4s bh.h + )c c*s c*ss <n/ccsnh c cu hcclch hlc u0hnss0ulus *cnhsccn ss % hdsc+ 0sDlbhcc cCcluss/ b0cnc4 s. Tbh c c+*3slc lus G*hcs+n )b 2s% <n *"hdc/+*% <nsc*ssc <n *"un )*bscc hn *b)blbgsc subsu0h c0)b*hls +3ss ss b*scc? b0ul dcs+/<*4s )l+0+ds <n /s.sunch lb* c nu0hs b0ul dc lu0c 4s b0ul <n lu0c. Cu*sbs 4s snsu2scscn )cn *u un )c*sbnhD cu /bch3sc *clsgsbhs+% chsh* dhc+ 0c0b*u hl unus b*dsn hCh )c b )cdhgbgsc h lu0csculus. H)h*c <ns+ *h h ul s+u dc <nd*u0h*c s)s*s uhl+% Cu"sncct!rul, ncglsDh shu cb0cn h su)c*2scshl dc 0hs b3s c*s scss. #cchs *cscn s0cn c hn ssc.us c shu hu b0h ss0c hn sclc*schlc <s 2hc )c unss dsn *c cs s+"s hduc+ lus G*hcs1n hcu.h3ss g*h/c? Cu"sncct!rul hs Ts b >cbnccssc 2+cu + Sbcsc +3ss lus Ssus"% >b)c*+ dc cb0)*b0ss"% >hbh c*c dc lh *hscc b*sh cbncss+ h lus G*hcs1n% dsn *h3suns s *+snc hu b*ulus"% hdsc+ dsn )*scsnh uncs >bblsgh3ss 2h3+ dc sc.us3s"&8% shu hc dc >s)bc*s.sc"% >h0cs cc dc csnss0 4s )*cchu3sc"% nc*u4snh*c 4s g<ndu*s hscunsc% dcbh*ccc% <n cu/<n ul c+ *c cs s b* 4s <n dcdsch3sh c+ *c Cl/s*h Pbncc dc Lcbn <4s +g+dusc4 c 4s"4s *ccunbh4 c b bdh + hu b*h ul cclb*lhl c c+*3s&'. B*% ch* ch *cs)cc s/+ c *bdul uncs <ndclungh c hc s/s +3s )hs b*hlc shu dc )*cdsch3sc )c ch*c G*hcs1n 4s"h dus"b b dchunh lh bun s2<*4s cu 2c*/bh*c 4s dc)lsn+ ssncc*s h c. Mhs 0ul % *h h ul *clsgsbs h 2bs sc*ss <n *"b c h)+ <nhsn h + h /sc3ss lus G*hcs1n% du)+ cc% c d*c) % sub )scudbns0 4s clud<nd *cgulslc dc dsscs)lsn+ hl b*dsnulus sc.us % <4s )ublschsc bh c b)c*clc lhscc hn c*sbh*c% sncluss/ )*s0clc dbu+ )+*3s hlc Crstsc!nulus, dc2snsndu"sc cb0)lc ch sc*ss b* )*b2hn 4s hssgu*<ndu"4s b ch*sc*+ cu*b)chn+ s *+lucs +. H* 2s cu h < 0hs 0ul b nhs/s h c s+ nc <nchs)us0 c+ )*sn *"b ssngu*+ )ublsch3sc <*.sc h* 2s *cu4s s+ <0)hcc nc0ul3u0s*slc su)c*sb*slb* s+s% 0hs hlcs c+ lh dbs hns du)+ h)h*s3sh Cu"sncct!rulus G*hcs1n *ccsds/ch.+ 4s )ublsc+ b sub )scudbns0 )h* ch h *csh 4s ul s0h dsn Crstsc!nul. Nu s"h /+.u % cu c< c/h *h*c cCcc)3ss% c+ hcchs + ch* c *b unDc4 c /s.sunch lus G*hcs1n 4s *c)*c.sn + 4s b )c*2b*0hn3+ ls c*h*+ dc ssnc s + + bh*c. <n*uds % du)+ cu0 bbsc*/h B ss H.G*ccn79% cu s)ccsh h < dc hss)hnsc+ h >hc clb* shc*h0cn hlc" $hut!s shcrh"cnthlcs) )*sn c0h cuhh*ss sc+ )c ch*c b dc./bl + nh*h s/ <n *"b succcssunc dc 0cds h3ss dc un d*h0h ss0 bsnc s *uns 4s cbns *us )c un hdc/+*h sss c0 cbn *h)unc sc. Cu"sncct!rul h*c )u c*nscc lcg+ u*s 4s cu ls c*h u*h 0ss sc+% nu h < ch 0c0b*shl hl )*b)*scs h/cn u*s uns s/c% c< ch )*bsl+/s*c )lsn+ dc 2c*/bh*c h 4s 0hs )*b2undcs% h b hlcs uns*s shc*h0cn hlc cu Du0nc.cu )*sn ch*c *ccc b*scc c*cdsncsbs du)+ cbnsu0h*ch h*hncs cuhh*ssucc. C cu h < 0hs sncC)lschbsl 2h) ul c+ hcchs + ch* c% ch*c h cunbscu 4s un s0)b* hn succcs dc )ublsc ;)cs c dbu+.ccs dc cds3ss <n b*sgsnhl 4s <n *hducc*s )<n+ lh s2<*4s ul sccblulus *ccu E c b hl sgnb*h + )<n+ 4s dc ccs 0hs h/s.h3s ss b*scs hs ls c*h u*ss 0ss scc 7&. C/cn uhlclc sc0sh)*ccsc*s s<n ccl 0ul cbndcsccndcn c. Nu h0 &8 Shn bs Hlbnsb% Tcnss!n sc"hntsch $lcn#uh7c 9 cstsl!) dc Grhcsn, )*blbgb dc Rh2hcl Lh)csh% Sns s ucsbn >Kc*nhndb cl Ch blscb"% Zh*hgb.h% &'8&% )). 8'% '5 4s &A5. Lh 2cl dc c*bnh % Cu"sncct!rul c )us dc Shn bs Hlbnsb )c hcclh4s )lhn cu P!lstscshnul, cbnssdc*h 4s cl ch 2ssnd b b)c*+ h)blbgc sc+% s *+sn+ 4s ch dc s)s*s ul lus G*hcs1n. &' Juhn Luss Hlbb*g% Hsst!rsh dc lh lstcrhturh csphn!lh, b0b SS% Cp!ch !hrr!ch, scgundh cdscsbn% G*cdbs% Mhd*sd% &'55% )). 8A5"8A8. 79 B ss H. G*ccn% Csphnh 9 lh trhdscs!n !ccsdcnthl. Cl cspsrstu chstcllhn! cn lh lstcrhturh dcsdc ;Cl Csd" hhsth Chldcr!n, *hd. dc C. S1nchc. Gsl% ( /bs.% G*cdbs% Mhd*sd% &'A'% /bs. SS% ). &(B. 7& Ch dc )sld+ Pcd*b Shsn. Rbd*sguc.% Sntr!duccs!n h lh hsst!rsh dc lh lstcrhturh "sstsch cn Csphnh, cds b*shl #blun hd% Mhd*sd% &'75% )c ch*c sc bh.ch.+ 4s 0hs *cccn h luc*h*c h lus ,ngcl L. Csl/c s% Sntr!duccs!n h lh "sstsch csphn!lh, Cds" csbncs Ch cd*h% Mhd*sd% &'5(: hccch4s +cc*c b )+s *ch.+ C. Hllssbn Pcc*s% Cl "ss3tscss"! csphn!l, Hus *hl% Mhd*sd% &'(5.
MSJLBHCC BMCNCTS S MSJLBHCC DS#SNC 23
<n <lns nscs un s udsu h)*b2undh hsu)*h Cu"sncct!rulus, cu cCcc)3sh sn *bducc*ss lus C/h*ss b Cb**ch Chldc*bn lh cds3sh sh. Cch 0hs lucsd+ h)*ccsc*c% dsn )+ch c ncdc./bl h + su2scscn % <s h)h*3snc <ns+% du)+ 4 ssn3h nbhs *+% 0h*clus g*hcshnss Msgucl Bh llb*s% ch*c /cdc <n hcchs + ch* c >b)c*h cch 0hs ssncc*+ h lus G*hcs1n"% cch ch*c *+s)undc <n 0bd ccl 0hs ds*cc >h 0bs2c*cs *clsgsbhsc 4s su)*hnh u*hlc ch*c"s c*h )*b)*sc dc 2h) "% )c c<nd <n cclclhl c c+*3s hlc sc*ss b*ulus% c*s scul bbsc*/+ b dchunh >un c2b* dc h c/hdh dsn h0bscn ul s+u% dc h"4s dcsu)*hnh u*hls.h g<nds*ch% dc h ss"ulh b 0b*hl+ lhscs.hn + 4s un dcss0 nh u*hlss % ch h s udsnc ls c*h*+ ss"ulht 4s sn cn3sbnh +"77. Bbsc*/h3ss )c ch*c nbs nu lc <n3clcgc0 dclbc ch )c b )lcdbh*sc pr! d!"! suh, cs ch )c b 0hs d*ch) + h4c.h*c h Dudcc+3slb* dcs)*c b sc*sc*c subh)*ccsh +. NcglsDh*ch unsculus *h h *clsgsbs hl lus G*hcs1n h h/u d*c) cbnsccsn3+ 4s sgnb*h*ch 0h*slb* lus 0c*s c nu nu0hs cbncc) uhlc% cs 4s cs c scc 4s s slss scc. Sc )h*c c+ 4s dc dh h hcchs h% hu b*ul 4 sc s+ 2sc 0hs lucsd dcc< 0ul3s dsn *c c*s scss s+s. <n cu/<n ul c+ *c cs s b*% G*hcs1n 2b*0ulch.+ *cs sdcs s0)b* hn c? &. Cu"sncct!rul c ssngu*h ch* c dsn *c cclc h *sbus c lus h c+*cs phtcrnsthtc 4s"b *ccunbh4 c d*c) lc#sts", ccch cc nu ns sc )h*c c< u4s dc )u3sn b db/hd+ dc s)bc*s.sc% cs un 0bd )h*hdbChl% h < dc 2*cc/cn <n b)c*h sh% dc h s)unc nu c+ )c cclclhl c nu lc"h* 2s sc*ss cl% cs c+% s)*c dcbscbs*c dc clc% bd*hslc nclcgs s0c hlc s)s*s ulus s+u% *h h ul dcs)*c <0)+* +4hnsc s./b*+4 c% cbn2s*0<nd bbsc*/h3sh lus M. Bh llb*s% dsn <ns+4s cbnds3sh lus hu cn sc+ 4s 2undh0cn hl+ dc )*clh % dc )*cb % dc phtcr, :. Cu"sncct!rul sluDc4 c 0hs 0ul hkccts sthtch dcc< sngcnsb.s h ch% c+*csh <s cbnshc*hsc hnu0c b sc*sc*c h0)l+ $Hscus"ch 4s hrth sn#cns!0stss), 4s% <n *" hdc/+*% nsc+sc*s <n b)c*h sh nu sc )b *cg+ss )hgsns dc un ls*ss0 4s dc b 2c*/bh*c 0ss sc+ h < dc sn cnsc ch hscs: 6. Ch* ch hcchs h c 0cns + s+ 2sc un <nd*c) h* )cn *u >0<n us*ch c c*n+" h su2lc clb* cucc*nscc% <n *<ndul c+*b*h <4s )b h2lh cu h < 0hs lcsnc lbcul 4s >)c*sbhnclc" 2b*0h c lh 4cbhlh *h h clb* s)blbgscc )*b2hnc shu h cCc0)lulus nh*h s/ dsn Crstsc!nul. B0ul c )us hscs <n 2h3h b)3sunss dccsss/c? c+u h*ch uns*ss cu Du0nc.cu shu /cgc h*ch <n *"un ss0sls)h*hdss u0hnss hu b2hg. Cu"sncct!rul, <n )b2sdh cbnds3scs 0hs u0slc )c ch*c hu b*ul s"b *ccunbh4 c% hccch dc <nd*u0h* )*hc sc% 2+*+ h <ncc h s+ c*chd+% b )b *s/s dcclh*h3scs lus G*hcs1n% c+ )bh c *s/hls.h cu cclclhl c sc*sc*s hlc shlc% cs c chcsh dc bbl + h /s.sunss shlc bn blbgscc cb0)lc c% )ccc ch 0c h2s.sc+ hbscn + )<n+ lh cl. Mb s/ul db0snhn hl cclb* csncs.ccs dc 0cds h3ss cs c bs)+3ul% 4s hnu0c bs)+3ul cuhh*ss sc% bhnchc sblc0n <n cu*sul c+*ush 2scch*c bhs)c c )bh c *cs c*h <n chs) ncs<ngc*bs
Dc* 2h dc )c c*ucc h lus Ssus% 77 Msgucl Bh llb*s S. S.% Grhcsn / cl Bhrr!c!, Cds.sbns ds S b*sh c Lc c*h u*h% Rb0h% &'B8% ). 85.
24
0<nc<ndu"& )c ccl shc*s2sch dc d*hgul c*ch u*ss% <n *"b h 0bs2c*+ dc cbn/s/shls h c shc*+% ccclc.shl+ 4s )c*sbnhl+ b bdh +. Sccnc /c c*b" 4s ncb cs h0cn h*c% 2sgu*<nd 0b0cn c dc 0hCs0+ h)*b)sc*c h b0ulus dc Du0nc.cu% s<n cbn/bch c ch c*0cn dc cb0)h*h3sc )cn *u nchsc0us 0hs 0h*ch 2c*scs*c h+*+.s + c*cdsncsb4slb* ch*c nu nu0hs c+ sc )b h)*b)sh dc Ssus )<n+ lh h sngc*c 2s.sc+% dh* 4s"& )b chsh* <ncb*)b*h )*sn *"un hc 2s.sblbgsc shc*h0cn hls.h % <l )b dccs >0<nch" lh )*b)*su% <n chs) *chl 4s hdc/+*h % h4h cu0 sc *c)c + 0hs <n 2scch*c 0cds h3sc ;/c*c% rch3Utcr, su!sthntshlhcr c*hu c*0cnss )*sn ch*c dc2snch dbg0h *hnssubs hn3sc*ss Cbncslsul dsn T*cn bE. S slul cs c >ccl cc*u dc s0)"% hcccssbsl% h4hdh*% nu dbh* )ublsculus bbs4nus hl sc*ss b*ulus% cls h sn clcc uhl+ 4s sbcshl+ h /*c0ss% cs <n *cgss u*0c )+s b*s c dc un )*cb . Dsscu*sul% 0hs ss0)lu dcc< <n cclclhl c *h h c% du)+ cu0% s)c*+0% sc /h )u ch cbns h h 4s dsn *hducc*ch *b01nchsc+% 0h*ch b u4s dc un sub sl cu*cn )c*suhss/ cu sn2lcCsuns bh*bcc% nu ls)ss dc hcccn c dc"h d*c) ul 4bchn c )cn *u un cs s b* dc h.s% hsu)*h c+*b*h h *hgc0 h cn3sh )*sn nb c h0+nun3s c lh cC % <l <n/h3+ )c c*cdsncsbs s+ sc )*cg+ chsc+ dc cb0unsunc ;)unc ul &E% s+ sc cu0snccc ;)unc ul 7E% s+ culchg+ *bhdclc shu bsnc2hcc*slc cu0sncc+ u*ss ;)unc ul 6E 4s% cC *c0 dc s0)b* hn % dccsss/ chsh*% s+ hduc+ 0ul3u0s*s lus Du0nc.cu ;)unc ul (E% >cuhh*ss sc" <nsc0n<nd >0ul3u0s*c% *ccunb4 sn3+". Ccn *hls h ch 0b s/ulus c *clc/h + dc <ns+4s )*s0h bcu*cn3+ h c*0cnulus% <n ccn *ul )*b)*su".ss hl c+*3ss% 0cds h3sh 7B% hCh + )c hc ul cuhh*ss sc sns s u s/% Csnh cch dc Thsn+? hscs% )cn *u )*s0h bh*+ <n cu)*snsul *h h ulus% h)h*c 4s c*0cnul shc*h0cn hl )*b)*su".ss% s). Cuchrsstsh. <n 0h*ch 0hDb*s h c h ch.u*slb* 2scch*c )unc h*c c< c dbu+ = h0 s)unc cu un c*0cn 0u.schl = 0s4c+*s? )*s0h sn *bducc shu *csh c0h dc bh.+% hdsc+ hlcgb*c.h shu cCc0)lul culcs dsn ss b*sh shc*+% cch dc"h dbuh lc )c*sbnhls.ch.+% lc h)lsc+ lh ss uh3sh nc0sDlbcs + h cclus cc )*s0c4 c cu0sncc+ u*h 4s *chls.ch.+ hs 2cl% 2h3+ dc ns/clul )*s0ulus )unc % shl ul bn blbgsc hbsblu )*sn sngc*h*ch h*hncs ds/snc% *u)ul lus Ssus. S<n cbn/bch c un 0h*c nu0+* dc sccnc bsblscc )cn *u h cb0)unc s0hgsnch unsc+ h c*cdsncsbsulus cc"4s dc/b*ch.+ cC h sc Du0nc.cul cc"s /snc <n <n <0)snh*c 4s s sc b2c*+% s)*c h"& hducc lh Ssnc% ch Dc* 2+ sub sl+ 4s*bsnd dc s<ngclc s)s*s uhl hl Hbsblu ulus subs b*. P*sncs)hlul )*bccdcu s slss sc hl dsscu*sulus 0cds h s/ cstc phrhlclh6 0hs bh c 0cds h3sslc s<n cbns *us c )*sn )unc*ch <n )*c.cn3+ h uncs sccnc bsblscc shu h uncs hlcgb*ss 4s h *chls +3ss cuhh*ss scc <n 2h/bh*ch hccs csh dsn u*0+: )*bccdcul sc *cg+sc4 c 4s <n cb0)b.s3sh 2scc+*ush dsn *c cclc )h *u )unc c hlc 0cds h3sslb*% hlc+ us c% lh *<ndul lb*% dsn c< c dbu+ )h*hg*h2c 0cns c s+ sn cnss2scc hl c*nhn3h dc )lhnu*s. S *uc u*h hcchs h c *cs)cc h + cu s *sc c3c <n 0h*ch 0hDb*s h c h ch.u*slb*% cCcc)3sc 2+c<nd 0cds h3sslc cu ch*hc c* dc <nd*u0h*c 0hs gcnc*hl+% g*u)h c 0hs hlcs )*sn *c
7B
ul s0clc .ccc76. Mcds h3sslc s<n cC *c0 dc h cn b*ghns.h c 4s sc dcs2+4bh*+ )b *s/s uncs *s 0scs sub slc dc )bc0 cu 2b*0+ 2sC+% h0sn snd dss *sbu3sh c<0)u*slb* dc 2b*3+ h*gu0cn h s/c dsn sbnc % 2+*+ ch *sgbh*ch 2b*0hl+ s+ ds0snuc.c )bssbsls +3slc dc /h*sh3sc. Dc lh ls*ss0ul bucblsc hl 0cds h3scs 6(% dc b g*h3sc suh/+ ch dc c<n h*c hg*cs +% sn cnss h ch *+s*ss s)s*s uhlc sc <nhl3+ )<n+ lh )h c ss0ul ls u*gsc hl cC *hb*dsnh*cs 0cds h3ss B9% ch*c% *clu<nd 0b s/ul dc bh.+ hl Crstsc!nulus, /sh3h ch )c*cg*snh*c% dcs2+4bh*+ unh dsn cclc 0hs ulbu*+ bh*c /b*bs*s dcs)*c c+l+ b*sh <n 0bh* c cc nc h4 ch) + su2lc clc% schndh + dc dhng+ ul dsh2hn 0c hlsc hl snsc* u*slb* lh snc4 s. B cb0)h*h3sc cu 0b0cn ul ss0slh* dsn Crstsc!nul, SSS ;c*s sch h &&"h% >Sbhc*h /sc3ss"E% cbns *us cu s *+lucs*c 4s cl <n )*clungs*ch <ndclungh cs *hds3ss h > *sbunhlclb* 0b*3ss" dsn C/ul Mcdsu% dh* )+s *h <n *cgss *ul )*b2hn% d+ 0+su*h )*b2un.s0ss 0c h2s.scc lh ch*c hDungc G*hcs1n dsncblb dc sblu3sh c*cs *+ ls0s h + h Snsulcs Nc0u*s*ss? b0ul )bh c 2s cu hdc/+*h 0<n us lh ch)+ ul ul s0cs c+l+ b*ss% du)+ >un d*u0 lung 4s )*s0cDdsbs"% cu >c+*+*s nc0hsb+lu c% +*<0u*s nc0hs/+.u c"% c<nd b0ul sc )bh c )*cschs0bh <n Du0nc.cul <0)+* +4s 4s hccs h <n b0% d+snusnd >b /c4nscsc dc slh/+"? hcblb sc h2l+ hdc/+*h ul ccn *u hl Kssn3cs s)*c ch*c sndch s0)lscs 4s )clc*snhDul /sc3ss <n c*cs *s h c% hl c+*us scb)% dclbc snu sl <n )c*s)cc s/h hbsblu ulus% c*h dbb<nds*ch )c*2cc3sunss b0cnc4 s dc )*s0+ sns hn3+% h >c*bscs +3ss" <n bh c scnsu*slc )*b)b/+dus + dc G*hcs1n. S"h* )+*ch% <n hcchs + b*dsnc dc sdcs% c+ G*hcs1n"P*cb ul &"h dclcgh )c G*hcs1n"Dss"cc*n+ b*ul s+ *hsc.c hh* h )*s0cs )+*3s h c+l+ b*scs nbhs *c s)*c nbs <n4snc: h 2+cu "b <n chs) slus *u% cu 0sDlbhcc h < dc slu.sbnss c% <nc< h0 2bs cn h3s s+"s d+0 us +*ss /bch3sh 2undh0cn hl+ 4s s+ hd0s*+0% chsh* dhc+ <n *ss h3s% un uns/c*s 2sns cbndh0nh lh ls)s+ dc *hnsccndcn3+. B*% Cu"sncct!rul *cs hbslc4 c )*b)b*3sslc 4s b2c*+ chcsh s *+dhnsslb* b0cnc4 s? dcs+/<*4s*ch )c*sbnhl+% du)+ nb*0clc h < dc Dudscsbs% )cnc *hn 4s dc.hbu.h *ccb0hndh c dc G*hcs1n% <n *"b lu0c h du)lscs +3ss 4s h *+ulus% nu <nsch0n+ dcc< b c h)+ )*cg+ s bh*c )cn *u 0h*ch *ccc*c dc )c u*0+. Hccs h c*cdc0 c+ c cs h0cn ul s)s*s uhl hl lus G*hcs1n% sc*ss <n &AB6% cu csncs hns <nhsn c dc 0bh* c% 4s dcghs.h sub h)h*cn3clc unus 0bdcs *h h )*hc sc dc cds2sch*c *clsgsbhs+. Nc<n3clcgc*ch hccs cs *chls +3s sc )c*)c uch.+% du)+ cu0 h0 /+.u % 4s <n )*c.cn . Pc scu* ? )cn *u nbs% Cu"sncct!rul, dc)h* c dc h 2s un cb0)*b0ss >dc sc*/scsu"% cbn snu+ 4s <ncununch.+% *+s)un.<nd unus s0bbld sn c*sb*% b)c*h dc 0b*hlss h lus G*hcs1n% c+*csh <s hdhug+ ds0cnssunch 0c h2s.sc+
76
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2+u*s "h0 hcchs + bglsnd+ 0hnuhl+5 dsn clc4 h*clc hl b*h 4s h*clc 0clc. Uncb*s c /h 0+guls% 4s c /h s2+ us uncb*s: <n *"<nsh /cs /cdch ccch cc 2sc dc )c"hcu0 c4 s% 2sc h* *cbus s+ 2ss. #cs h/ch hscs b *h3sunc% nu )bls sc+% nscs chsh* ccbnb0sc+% cs dc S h h h <nsu3s% b busbl+ ch*c s+ cbnduc+ lh cCcclh*c% b h* + dc h 2s slus *u cu )u3snc *cguls dc dsscc*nc*c. Sc*su cbncss% dh b*s + 0ul cs hlc )*scc)c*s: scu* % dh b*s + )u3sncs 0clc g<nds*s. Nu /*chu s+ c b)*csc s+ *ccs 0hs dc)h* c. Lus D!n 8uhn Bhutssth Brcscsh, P*b0b b* h)bs blsc 4s dbc b* <n h0bclc d*c) u*s Cr!ul, 0hs 0sc chsh* dcc< un cb)sl% 2hcc )*s0ss )h4s c+ *c b*h3clc db0nscs /bhs *c% )c ch*c lc cbnssdc* dcschssc )cn *u h"&
A7
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8
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40 CRBUL
HHRUL HL SS"LCH 41

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Ccl dsn <s c2b* *cu4c4 c s+ lc /sblc.c% ccl dc"hl dbslch% s+ lc dsss0ulc.c. Hcclh 3snc 0hs 0ul dc cu*hD% hccs h dc 4s*c cnsc. Csnc ls sc su)unc cbbbh*+ dc lh b0 lh dbbs bc% csnc lc 0hschch.+ <4s )+s *ch.+% ccl )u3sn <n h)h*cn3c% *c)u h3sh. P+ *undc*ch <n b*sch*c /bsn3+ h hl ush db/cdc4 c c0sncn3+ h ch)hcs +3ss 4s c db/hd+ dc su)c*sb*s h c h 4 s s+ 3s" b +snusc4 s )c"h h. C b unh s+"s dcscb)c*s unus b+*bh h2cc ul 4s s+ dcschs.s b )b* s3+ s)*c 2b* +*ch3h ch)hcs +3ss shlc% c+cs )c hcblb uncl csc )bls scc4 c h cn3ss% 4s ccl 0hs hdcsch hshl ch.+ cu *su02. B dh + 4 su c h2cc clc% s<n 4 su c sn *+*slc 4s sc4s*slc uncs /bsn3c% cu s +)<ns*c hsu)*h cs <n b*scc cls)+. Ncb0cnchsch )+g<ns0c s"h /ssh .cs )c 0ul3s cu nscs Du0+ h c dsn ss)*+/slc lus HlcChnd*u% )c c<nd 0hccdbnchnulus <ncununh cu lhu* s"h +g+dus ch cgb*sss*ch <n glbh h .cs +3slb*. Pc ccl cc"h bcu)h 0ul + lu0c &"h slus *h )u3sn cc*: dc cc <ns+ h < h h/h*s3sc lh h < h *sss)+O HlcChnd*u&6 4s"h <n uncch s)lcndbh*ch /s cDsslb* cu /ulgh*s h ch s.bucns*slb* dc 2u*sc 4s s"h dc.0sn3s )c ssnc% dc h < ch b*s *su02+ b*% su)un<ndu"sc snsblcn3cs h2cc ulus. Dc )u3sn 2blbs s"h 2bs cucc*s*ch uncs lu0s% dhc+ h )sc*du )h *s0bnsul unus su/c*hn% 4s hnu0c *c)u h3sh. Cs c Ch*sbd+ h cCccl+*ss cCccsul dc s*hscsbsls h c 4s Scsl+ h *c)u h3scs nc0bdc*h*ch )b2 clb*.
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44 CRBUL
cbbb*hu% cl u*ch% 4s"hs 2cl u*c+ lh )*b)*su 4s chsh* sc *sdsc+% dcbh*ccc su/c*hnul% /+ds 0+guls % <l <n+l3+ <n 2h/bh*ch sh? c+cs hscu3s0ch% dhc+ nu db0nc4 c% 0c*s + s+ cb"db0nchsc+. Cs c% <n b*scc )b* % Dbchc*ul77 <n.cs *+*slb*% 0h*c c*hsnsc hl *c)u h3scs? *clsc2 cu"h < 0hs 0h*c% cu c< 0hs subls0+ c0clsh 76. S<n hscu3s0s <ncb*bnh c s)usclc bbs4nus c hlc unus *cgc. Psc*s "hu 0h*s c.hu*c hlc 0bnh*hslb*% dh* lc s<n )+s *h c scn sn3clc <n /ss c*sslc 2hs0cs. Mul b* lu) + b*s lc"h 2bs dc 0hs 0h*c hDu b* b hscu3s0c dcc< b 2sc*ul cschd*bhnclb* lb* <nh*0h c% )*c0su hl uncs hscu3s0s 2ssnd b /sc b*sc. H 2bs <ncc*ch*c% h 2bs )*bclh0h*c h cclus 0hs 0h*c c*cds % lh *cgclc <n3clc)3slb* 4s lh ccl 0hs <n3clc) dsn *c *cgs7(% )*b0) s udsnch scn cn3sbhs+ <n hcch cul0c h )*bccsclb*% c+cs hs h h <nsc0nh dss)u h*ch 2sslb* lh Dudcch +? 4s Dus s3sh c hc*cds h + dc sngcnsb.s h c. s chsh* <n *sbunhlc bh*bh*c sc 0hns2cs + ccl cc c sbh*clc cs. P*b0) s udsnch hcclus 0h*c u*c *s/hls.ch.+ cu hccch h lus Sblb0bn. Un c/*cu )*c sndch s+ hsc b uncsc dc ch*nc dsn *"un c*c4 sn% )cdch)s+ 4s ch0+ +: s +*ush <n *"hcchs h cu cghl+ <nc+)+3<nh*c 2h3+ dc su/c*hnul s+u 4s )c*2sdsc 2h3+ dc Du0nc.cul K s+u. Pb*uncs 0h*clc Dudcc+ b* s+ 2sc hdusc g*cu h c 4s cu3s ? <l h0cnsn3+ cu dcsc+)+3<nh*ch dhc+ +sh 0hs 0ul shu 0hs )u3sn. H *c c.h hs 2cl cu hscu3s0c dss)u h 4s"h dh lu0ss un 0s*hcbl dc sngcnsb.s h c7B. B*hcbl <n cclc 0hs 0h*s dubss c )*b0) s udsnch% s2snC <n cnsg0c% 2s* dc hu* <n lhbs*sn u*s% 4s bbs4nusc4 c s+ hsb+ 2s*ch lculus% ch*c"4s )+s *ch.+ 0hCs0h sslsn3+ )cn *u cch 0hs 0h*c hnhnghsc.
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75 78
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47

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(8 CRBUL
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HHRUL HL #"LCH 49
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C"sncn *n cc3s "hs !un6 C2. Br., A&% s lu sdcn sc. d!!*ndstc6 CCsgcn3+ 2b*0ulh + dc Sgnhcsb dc Lb!blh% C-crcstsh, &B9.
(6
Hlc-hndru... dhc s3hr *ntrccc cu rc#ss6 Plu h*h nb ch.+ c+% <n *cbh >dhc+ h* /bs s+ sh )h* c lh hlc*g+*slc dc lh Bls0)sh = c+ c*h su c dc )scsb* = HlcChnd*u h *+s)uns LDcssgu* c"h4 /*ch% dhc+ 0"h4 luh lh <n *ccc*c cu *cgsQM" ;Dscs phrhlclc), >HlcChnd*u"% (% cd. N. S. Bh*bu /bs. SSS% ). 6B'.E HHRUL HL #l"LCH
B&
Un b+*bh 0hCs0 nu *cbusc s+ sc 0+*gsnchsc+ lh b )c*2cc3sunc shu hl h% cs% cu h0bs3ss dc sn2sns h c% s+ hs)s*c lh b uns/c*shls h c h)lhudhbsl+% )*b2un.s0ch cunb4 sn3clb* cb*cs)un.<nd cCcclcn3cs h* clb*. s nu c dc hDuns nscs b*scc cunbh4 c*c 2hcsl+ = hnghDh*c <n )*s)+ =% c+cs bbs4nusc4 c h 2s 0hs dcg*hb+ s sg0h dc 2lcc+*chl+ /hn+ dcc< c*cds dc c0csnsc+ sn cg*s h c. H dbb<nds c0sncn3h <n b ul nu c cch 0hs 0sc+ dsn *c s0)bssbsls +3s? nu dsn chu.h 0blc4clss h0bs3scs% cs dsn h s<*gusn3cs 4s chsh* h /sc3ss. CCc*cs3sul c 0sDlbcul dc <0)lsns*c <n ccch cc )*b2csc.s% dh* ls)sc4 c% c<nd 3s"c 0hs *cbusncsbs% s0)ul% 4s 0hs cu*<nd gus ul% <n *"b h < dc <nc<lcs + hc s/s h c. Nu s<n 0cdsbc*s +3s 0ul c dc"hDuns )cn *u h cbns s us b 0+*c3sc% dh* 2sc 4s nu0hs b c0sncn3+ )*ssbsc4 c )cn *u h hssgu*h su)c*sb*s h ch. Nu s"h )b0cns c*bu 2+*+ c0sncn3+ <n cc/h hnu0c% )cn *u c+ c b ch*hc c*ss sc+ h 0+*c3scs 4s% cu c< 0hs dss sns+ sluDbh% cu h < 0hs glb*sbhs+ h)lhudhbsls h ch. C0sncn3h <n *"b <n.cs *h*c h/hn hDh + c cb0)bncn hl su/c*hns +3ss% dcbh*ccc hDungc s+"4s )*c snd+ 0bdul s+u )*b)*su dc /cnc*h*c. s dhc+ 4s )cs c un glbb dc /<n % db0nsnd cu c0sncn3+% *su02s hsu)*h hd0s*h3scs% cu0 /h 2s s+ db0nc4 s cu ch )cs c un b3cl% b )hn+% un bshg% un bhs bn% un scc) *u% b sh*+O Hccl Mh* c chs slshn% dc lh ch*c s"h .ss >Chs slsh c+)s hns% dhc+ H*hgbnul *cgs"% dbn Dscgb Pc*c. dc #h*ghs ((% cu 0hs 0ul c ss)*+/s dcc< .slc% s"h *c *hs ch s+ 4s lc ss)*+/chsc+ <n Jc*c. dc lh K*bn c*h. S"h *c *hs cl% nu <ns+ 4s 2hs0h lus% ch*c% cu 2scch*c .s% sc l+3ch 0hs 0ul <n ch *ul uns/c*sulus. H *hs dc ch% Hl2bnsb (B% *cgc nb/scc% dh* /cchs hd0s*h b* hl uncs c0sncn3c% 4s 0hs cu sch0+"n h*0c% s"h dus dcghs.h s+"& chu c% cu nu0hs )h *u ch/hlc*s.
((
(B
B7
CRBUL
C+ c0sncn3h c 0hgnc hl /bsn3clb*% sh + b /*hD+ h h2cc ulus. B dh + hDuns lh Jc*c. 4s lh cl hchs+% *cgclc nu"& g+ss hcblb% dcbh*ccc #h*ghs% <n/+3h s+ lu) c% <4s h0+gch lh c<0) gcnc*bhsh )b*ns*c. Rcgclc% ch*c nu )*cgc hsc h 0c*gc dc lh cu* c lh Jc*c. ch s+"& chu c% nu 4b/+s s+ 0ch*g+ dc"hcblb lh 2c*0+. <l .+*s*+ dc dc)h* c% cu un cbsb* <n 0<n+ dcsc+)+3<nh /s3c ch hl +dh + /sc3s. Hl2bnsb )b*uncs s+ 2hc+ )b)hs% 4s hs s+s sc hscunsc*+. Cbbb*< dc )c chl 4s% cu 0hscs ubhs+ 2slb s0sc% <ncc)u s"hdunc cu*)cnss )c ch*c #h*ghs% ncb+g<nd dc sch0+% <s +sh. Sc"n <0)l+ s+"n bh*c+ <ns+ ch)ul% s <*ns dc /*cun .gb0b 2+cu dc *cgc shu = ccch cc c 0hs ssgu* = dc b )b*ns*c 2sdcl+ h sns0ss shlc. s c<nd b *ccunbscu )c 0hscs h ch sh% s sc h*unc+ lh )scsbh*c% du)+ bbsccsul s0)ulus% 4s .ssc? >Dbh0nc% cc 2hcs hscsO" >#c.s"3s dc *chb+% #h*ghs% .ssc Hl2bnsb% c+cs cu0 c +sc b*ul% h4h c 4s s *<ng+ b*ul dc cu*)cns."(A B *su02 hl uncs c0sncn3cQ N+.ushsc+ lh ch b+*bh ul *h*. cu <nc*cdsn3h*ch c+ b cc"& /h cbs h ch bs cnchl+ /h *cdbb<nds <n chs) dc cclcb*s h c. C+cs nu s0)*b)*su s"h cbnshc*h )+g<n+ h ch lus Hc*culc bbul% ch 0ss c* hl 2h) ulus c+ 0unch l+udhbsl+ c un sc0+nh dc ss)*+/s cc 2+g+dusc4 c *ccbl + dc 2hs0+% dc h)lhu.c% dc nc0u*s*c.

(A (5
str*n#t!rul dc cu*)cns? #c.s nb clc )*cccdcn c% (( 4s (B. C-cclhrc cu *nt*scthtc6 C2. Br.. A6. cu s lu sdcn sc (8 su!0sstcnh pr!st pltst6 Hlu.sc lh unh dsn )*c/cdc*slc /cchsulus d*c) )h *s0bnshl h*ss bc*h sc dsn S)hnsh $Rcc!pslhcs!n H&BA5P h lus Ksls) hl Sl"lch% ch* ch #% s lul #SS% lcgslc &"5E )b *s/s c+*ush )*s0ulus n+scu <s *c/cnch <n *chgh h/c*c s0bbsl+% snhlscnhbsl+% 4s s lul nbbslsh* $"h9!rh0#!), <0)*cun+ cu bblsgh3sh dc h hssgu*h lh cc*c*c% sub.ss cn3h cclb*lhl3s 2*h3s.
HHRUL HL #SS"LCH
B6
H <ncc h s+"s )*c3ushsc+ ncs h b*nsch )+g<n+ h c )c n+scbcs b*ss h* clb* 4s h *ccu lh /cnc*h*ch lb*. H schs0bh )*c3us*ch <n cul ? g*c4chl+ bbs4nus +% dh* ch*c(' /+dc4 c c< /hlb*ch.+ b )*sb*s h c. Khlh <ns+ nu c s+ 2ss )*s0ul <n s0)% cs s+ 2ss )*s0ul <n c0sncn3+. Plu*hls h ch <4s cs c ch <ns+4s dssc*cds % chsh* <n ch*h c )*c3sbhsc: 4s% ds0)b *s/+% *h*s h ch lhud+ )c*2cc3sunch 0bdc*h +.
C% h4hdh*% dsb+csc nu dc *<nd s+ n+scbcc4 s 4lchu nbu )cn *u cCcclh*c% s+ dcscb)c*s d*u0 0bdc*n )cn *u cclcb*s h c. S<n 0ul c c+slc cc duc lh ssngulh*s h c% nu bh c b+ u c. Cclc 0hs nbs% dc4s *udnscc% bbs4nuscsc h 2s scu* + u*s c+ *c 0+*c3sc. H h)uch "b <n3clc)3c4 c Sblb0bn )c chlch cch )h4nsc+% l+s<ndu"s"b h +lus s+u )c cch *+.bbsnsc+. H schs0bh chlch 4s h hDuns cu 0hs )u3sn+ g*cu h c lh ch cgb*sh c*bslb*. Tsbc*su h )*c2c*h s+ bb3sn+ )*sn )bls sc+ ccch cc Hugus us )*sn 0hgnhns0s h c. s 0h*clc nbs *u Ksls) h gu/c*nh dc )c *bnul )*udcn3cs shlc <n *chgh lu0c% s)*c 0snunh*ch /chcu*slb* bh c. s dhc+ Cc.h*ul% nc<n/snsul s+u h +% h 2bs un )*bdsgsu dc /s cDsc% Ksls) h 2bs unul dc )*udcn3+. Hu u*ch cu s2h ul hccs h 0ul3s dsn *c sb*ss Bssc*scss <n .cns ul cclcb*s +3ss. Unss )*sn c0sncn + s2sn3cnsc% hl3ss )*sn cul0s dc c*uds3sc: cu h*c )*sn 0hgns2sccn3+ <n cbns *uc3ss% 4s cu h*c )cn *u c+ h 4 su s+ *clsc2c.c dc0ns h ch. Cu hcchs + nbu h c dc 0h c*ss% h/s.h3ss 4s"hu 2+cu <n b dchunh lbc <n 0h *scblh cclb* 0h*s. K+*+ h sc4s dsn h* +% sngcnsb.s h ch 4 sc s+ shs+ dsn bbs4nus 4s s+ g+schsc+ <n )*b2cssh <nc+*un3s + )hs nbu c+ *c c0sncn3+. Hb*h3su s"h ccdh c*bscul lus #s*gslsu% sh* Mh*3shl lus Hb*h3su ls*scul. Hu luh "b )*sn cb0sc Tc*cn3su% )*sn sh s*sc Pc*ssus% cu b3ss hs)s*<nd lh 0<nd*sh dc h 2s )*s0ss <n gcnul lb*? sns0bsul ch)*scsu nu s" h )lcch nscsbdh + s0s h3scs 2hcslc. Ccl+lhl b*h/ )sc b*B9 h /+.u ch Ts3shn% Rh2hcl 4s hl3ss s"b luhsc*+ <nhsn c. Lc c*h 0hs /sc 2hs0h c<nd hu 0u*s . S"h 2blbss dc sn/cn s"
('
CRBUL

h )*bblc0cs h dh "b <ns+ Hngcl #cguc ! Gbldbns% >Un lugh* cb0un cn lh hss b*sh dcl h* c cs)h2sbl? Cl ch0bsb dc cs slb cn Tscshnb% Nh/h**c c% Cl G*ccb ! #clh.Fuc."% <n Hrchs ! csphh!l dc hrtc 9 hsAuc!l!#sh, Mhd*sd% &'78% n. &9% cnc*b"hb*sl% )). B5"B'. <n cC ul s+u% G*hcs1n h u*0h un )hshD dsn Hn bnsb Pc*c. $B!rhs 9 rclhcs!ncs), 2h) sc0nhlh <nc+ dc H. Cbs c* $!p.cst., )).&9&"&97E. G*hcs1n% h)bs% h 2bs u*0h dc Bbuhbu*s% <n Cntrctscns dHrsstc ct d Cu#cnc ;>Lc bcl cs)*s "% S#c cn *c scn% Ph*ss% &A5&E% b 2+*+ cs h*ch )*b/cnscn3cs. #cguc sus3snc c+ )sc b*ul <n chcs sunc h* 2s 2bs Nh/h**c c ccl Mu % c+*ush P. Ssgucn.h <s h *sbussc h2s*0h3sh dc 0hs sus <n &A9B ;<n Hsst!rsh dc lh Brdcn dc Shn 8cr!ns"!), c<nd #clh.Fuc. h/ch dbh* 4hsc hns. C /b*bh% dc 2h) % dc un lbc cb0un% ch*c h)h*c <n ss b*sh h* cs% 2ssnd dcscb*s u sls.h bun+bh*+ dc #hsh*s. <nsu4s Phlb0snb% )c ch*c sc bh.h h*gu0cn h3sh lus Mb*cl"Kh sb% <l h *sbussc 0hs 0ul b* )sc b*s. $Hpud HH"BG.BC% ). &5b% nb h &.E B& !!ls#hsslc hplhudh!slc. C2. Br., A5. S: #l!rsh Hlcsdulus6 Hlcsdcs ;Hl2csdcsE% hl nu0c hl lus Hc*h2lcsHc*culcs% cs c lcgh dc lcgcndh nh4 c*ss cbhnc h c*bulus% 2su hl lus Hns)hs *!bn 4s nc)b hl lus Hl2hsbs% >#s ch.ul".
HHRUL HL #SSS"LCH
BB
)<n+ lh 0h*gsnslc lu0ss 4s"h* 2s *ccu 4s dsncblb% dhc+ clc s"h* 2s l+*gs . Ch*hc c*ul nc)l+cu hl sluDbcs &"h cs*cu0sc*ss )c Ch b <n+un *ul .sdu*slb* Rb0cs. Cu bh c hccs ch% unss% 4s nu dsn *c ccs 0hs )u3sns Dudscsb4s% )*c2c*+ <ndclc nscs*ch 0+shs *+ hcclcsh 0hs h)lhudhbslc% 4s )cn *u cs /hlb*ch.+ 0hs 0ul hd0s*h3sh cclb* )u3sns dcc< h)lhu.clc cclb* 0ul3s% dh* /ulgh*s. Ms*hcblc )cn *u sgnb*hn3s ls sc .scc 2h) clb* h)hludhbslc. Hnc/bsn3+% 0+scs *sh uncs <ndclc nscs*s su)c*sbh*c% )u3sns% dh* c0sncn3s% lc bbsc*/+% 4s hs 2cl% ccs *h*s lc hc*cds ch.+. Khcsls h ch h)lhud+*ss ls sc"ng+dusc u u*b*h% sc /ulgh*s.ch.+% 4s hs 2cl h)lhu.clc s<n )c c< dc uns/c*shlc% )c"h < dc cb0unc. Sn cnss h ch unus 0sc nu0+* <n/sngc nu0+*ul 0h*c hl unus /ulg <n *cg. C <ns+ b dsb+csc s+ dhs dc sluDbclc h)lhudhbslc. Cs c un hc dc Dudscsb.s h c s+ hdc0cnc4 s h cn3sh cb0un+. <n <ndclc nscs*ch h)lhudhbsl+% c0sncn3h ls sc h*h + u u*b*h% 4s cu /b u*slc u u*b*h h 2bs )*b0b/h + 4s *c)u h3sh.
Cu/snc"ls"sc )*c3us*c 0hs 0ul + cclb* 0hs 0h*s. <n h h*c ss)*+/s% cCcclcn3h cs c )s)+sbsl+: 4s% dhc+ c/sdcn +% h)lhudhbsl+. Cclc 0+scs *c hu 0ul c h*chnc% l+s<nd cclcb*s h ch <n dubsu. Nu0csc sluDb+ h)lhudhbsl+ hccch ch*c sc s+/<*4c4 c <n /+.ul u u*b*h 4s s)*c sh ss2hc3sh u u*b*h% <n c0csndu"sc 0c*cu )c *c)u h3sc? sc cCclud hcclch )c"h < dc ls)ss c dc c*cds % )c c< dc <0)b/+*h c dc bs cn h3sc. Un hss *sbn *+sc4 c bbgh <n h)lhu.c% dh* s+*hc ls)s <n *c)u h3sc. H 2s% dh*% c0sncn <n *"b <ndclc nscs*c nbbsl+% cC)us+ ch *ulus uns/c*shl% hcchs h <nsch0n+ h dbb<nds h)lhudhbsls h c hugus +. Bh*c cc )*sncs)s bcu)+ ch hlbhgclc 2hs0cs% dhc+ nu ccs *+.bbsnscsO Lb* ls sc dh b*ch.+ lh )*b)*su *cnu0clc dc 0h*s. Cs u0)lu lu0ch dc h)lhu.c% /chcu*slc dc 2hs0+% c+*3slc dc b*h/u*s% c+cs bcls"cb.s h ch cs c 0hs lcsnc h)lhudhbsl+ dcc< )hcs2ss0ul. Dsn *<ndul Dudcc+ b*slb* s<n hlc4s ch nc0u*s b*s ccs sc/c*s% )cn *u c+ Dus s3sh 2+*+ c*u.s0c h 2bs <n bdchunh 0hs )l+cu + /ulgulus dcc< 0slh 0blh sc+. <n <ndclc nscs*slc sngcnsb.s +3ss h *su02h <n b dchunh h)lhudhbsls h ch. Dulcch3h unus dsscu*s h)lhudhbsl *cc*cch.+ su2lc ul% 0+gulc4 c hu.ul? )c c<nd usc+csunch unus cbncc) h*chnsc lc b* u*ch.+ 4s lc su)+*+.
BA

B6

Bbh* h% )c c< dc *cnu0s +% )c"h < dc )u3sn cunbscu +% nu c hl cc/h% cu0sn c 4s chsh* ch blsc /b*bsnd% dcc< hcch 0h*c 0h0+ h <n <0)l+*slb* 4s 0h*c 2ssc+ h su)*c0cs P*b/sdcn3c. /cghsnd 0c*cu hsu)*h chu.clb* shlc. bh /bsnd% bh <ng+dusnd. Ch cs c hcch *cgsn+ h < dc su/c*hn+% snsbndhbsl+% sncCb*hbsl+% .<0bs bh*c cu unss% dss)*c3us bh*c cu hl3ss% c<nd 0h0+. c<nd 0h4 c*+% nu dsn )hssunc% cs dsn hsnh unb* Dudcc+3s snhcccssbslc.
B *cgul+ <n *u b ul dc 0hc4 *s hs dsscc*nc*ss )cls scc c s+"3s bbsc*/s sbh* h )*b)*sc 4s )c cch h )h* s.hnslb* +s. Ccl ch*c 4s"h ss03s "b 0h0+% s+ sc bucu*c dc hu.u*% s+ sc h/<n c cu b cu*hDul? c+cs% ch <nd*+gbs s % sc lhs+ 0+guls dc <nc*cdc*c. Cc.h* <4s luhsc bsnc )ulsul sb*3ss% h uncs c<nd% <nsu2lc3sndu"& )c cb*+bsc*ul dcscu*hDh % <s s)unch? >Nu c c0c% c+ Dsgnc4 s sbh* h lus Cc.h*."BB N"h g+ss hncb*+ 0hs ssgu*+ ch /b*bh hcchs h. Nu s"h c0u dc /<n u*slc )b *s/nscc b0ul cc h/ch <n )u)h su2l+*slc sb*3ss shlc. Cc cbn ch.+ c+ sc ulbu*+ /+.duhul% dhc+ cc*ul cs c scnsnO c+ 0h*ch u*l+% dhc+ s clclc s<n *<.+ bh*cO
B( BB
CRBUL
BA B5
HHRUL HL @S"LCH
B'
Dc hh*ul hccs h )bls sc 3snc 4 ssn3h dc h"s dsscc*nc )c ccs *+s2+3h3s 4s )c ccs /s *cgs3s dc sbh* +% )cn *u ch% <n <n *ccc*c% s+ s.bc4 s shu s+ ccdc.s. Sbls0hn h )*c/cns 0h*ch 4hns+ h ch blsculus nbs *u Mh* c% hl csncslch dsn *c Ch*bls% ch s+ *+0<n+ cu*hDul <n s2c*h lus. Mhs 0ul s"h c0u dc ch dcc< dc bh c *cgs0cn clc H)usulus% <ng<ndu*h*c )cn *u hl3ss. S"h db0bls <nc+ lh s0)% 4s hcchs h s"h shl/h % dhc+ nu *c)u h3sh% dc ch*c sc dc)+* h% cb*bhnh. Nu lh 2cl <n <sul K*hncssc hl K*hn3cs% ch*c h )*c2c*h s+"4s sgnb*c sbh* h )*b)*sc 4s )c cch h cc.h*ulus% 4s hs 2cl% ch dclsnc/cn hl )*udcn3cs% h 2bs bs<nds lh <nchssbh*cB'. Sbh* h )*sclnsc+ 4s cch )b *s/nsc+ s<n dc bbsccs 0bls)ss bh*c )cn *u ccs dsn )*chD0+. S+ sh% dh*% sch0h dsscc*n+ b*ul cu csnc sc d+ 4s% <n Dbcul hccs us *su02% s+ <n/c3c h luh b ch* c bun+.shu h schs0bh ch* ch cu c<4 sg.

B' A9
*nchss!hrc6 Sc *c2c*+ lh ch) s/s h ch lus K*hncssc S <n h4h"nu0s h Tb**c dc lbs LuDhncs% dsn Mhd*sd. ... c*4ts#t!hrc6 C2. Br., 68. A& ... sth!slsthtc6 Bh llb*s 4s Pc*hl h ;BG. BC S% ). 7B8E h *hg h cn3sh c+ )cn *u <n3clcgc*ch hccs us )*s0 )h*hg*h2 *cbusc s+ h/c0 <n /cdc*c <0)*cDu*h*ch c+ 2slb.b2sh )bls sc+ h /*c0ss sc hCh )c %.*h3sunch dc s h "% <n /*c0c cc G*hcs1n 4s cbn c0)b*hnss s+s )c*cc)chu b 0hs hcu % <n S)hnsh% bc0hs sns hbsls h ch s h ulus. <n *hducc*c% cchs/hl+0 s). csthd! )*sn dbu+ cu/sn c% >s h*c" 4s >s h ".
A9
CRBUL
ch s+"& cbnsblc.c )c <0)+*h lh Mc .% c+ n"h*c nu0hs ncs h b*nscsc dc 2c0csc% cs 4s u4u*+ h c dc 2h + c<nd h*c dc"h 2hcc cu 2l+c+sA7. Cu unul .sc <ns+ c+ nu s<n ncs h b*nscss u4u*h scc dc 2c0csc% cs hl c*n+*s hlc uncs )*chDus c )*b/sdcn3c. Ns0c*s c ch b+*bh ul s+ 2sc b+*bh 4s h4h? s+ sc hd+)bs chsc+ <n hl h*ul uncs *c)lsc*s bnb*hbslc% )cn *u c+ lh 2cl dc glb*sbhs+ c b *c *hgc*c 2*u0bhs+ ch 4s un h hc /s cDcscA6. S<n <ns+ hsd*b)scs hs nb*bculus% ch*c n"hu +*sh dc h sc <n/sngc )c ssnc. dhc+ Kb* unh lc d+ h)+ lh 0bh*+ A(. Ksc )sld+ hugus + )cn *u hh*ul hccs h 0h*clc <n <sn+scu hl sb*3ss 4s"hl nb*bculus% ccl 0hs 0h*c dsn *c Ch*bls AB 4s chsh* dsn *c c*bs. s"h <ncb*bnh cu un s2<*4s )*udcn bh c ss)*+/slc hccs )*chglb"*sbs <0)+*h . H *su02h hsu)*h uns/c*sulus cu hDu b*ul sb*3ss% sh* lh u*0+ h *su02h hsu)*h sb*3ss <nsc4s. H 4 su s+ sc *c *hg+% )ccc " lusndu"4s hs 2cl 2h) clc 0+*c3c. s"hu )sc*du hl3ss% ds0)b *s/+% b ch)s hlul dc 2hs0+ ch )cdch)s+ h l+cb0scs lb*. Hu h/u un s2<*4s 0bns *ubs 0h*s <ncc)u u*s dc nb*bcs*c% ch*c% dc s"h* 2s bh.h )c hcchs + s *h hgc0+% 4s"h* 2s )us lh hd+)bs *c)u h3sh. Un sncl h*unch <n 0h*c 4s <nh)bsh <n ss)c ul unus )c4 c )*sns h* )u ch hssgu*h lcg+0<n ul dc ncdcs)+*3cnsc dsn *c Pblsc*h c"A 4s Kb* unh. Dh* )u3sn 0hs <*.su% 0un clc Mschlcnsss h 2bs ch *u *hgsc hl ds/b*3ulus.
A6 A(
AB
H b*bs Bcls.h*scA5% ch s+ dcschsd+ hl3ss bchss% sh* Lunh S)hnscsA8 s"h ccls)sh ch s+ dch lu0sn+ 0ul b*h. Nu cCss + h* + dc h luh )ulsul nb*bculus% dcbh*ccc u0bh*ch lus c hnb*0hl+: nc )*c/sn unclc sc0nc dc dcclsn. P*bs)c*s h ch 2bh* c g*+bs +% c<nd nb*bhcclc sc buluccsc unclc )cs c hl clc% h 2bs b dchunh <ndbsclnsc+% )cn *u c+ sbh* h bbs4nusc4 c s+ scu* c.c s0)ul )*b)b*3sbnhl cu hh <*ul hcu0ulh . Nb*bcul <n/cchs chdc <n dcc*c) s udsnc: 4s ncnb*bcul lh cC *c0c c h)*bh)c dc <nd*c) h*c. Hbul. 0hu*A'% 2*h c hl *cgclus G*hnhdcs% c*h ch) s/ <n Shlb"b*cnh 4s% ch s+"4s dc.0sn + ncnb*bhcclc cbn2s*0h c% s"h )us s+ Dbhcc 4hh% <ncc*ch*c cu*h + h Dbculus sb*3ss. Sbss <n *"hccs ch cu*sc*ul 0b*3ss shlc% c+cs ch nc hlch*g+ 0c*cu cu )b4 h. Hbul cc*u dbu+ b*c dc /sh3+: cb0ssh*ulus s sc )+*u 0ul 4s"s hcb*d+ dbh* h < h c< s+ s2<*4chsc+ )h* sdh <ncc)u +. S"h s)us"b nbcb*ul. 4s"h c<4 sgh /sh3h 4s chsh* *cgh ul% dcbh*ccc% <nhsn c dc"h b s2<*4s% sbss hl 0cshD cu /sh3h 4s cb*bhnh% )c ch*c% )*sn 0bh* ch *cgclus% s lc b2c*ch G*hnhdh. Tb h <3sh hu u*ch dc lh cu3s lh cb*bhn+ c<3s hu 4s cbbb*< dc lh cb*bhn+ lh cu3s . <nghs3s0 0hs lcsnc du0sch3ss ccs gus b4s hs nb*bculus cu hc*u"dulcclc unus ghsnsbn. Sbh* h c cb*sh*+% h4 ch) + s+ sc <nch*cc cb*+bsslc. Cbn *h"/sclc4ugul 2sc g*+bs*ch sn *+*ss <n )b* .
S
A7 CRBUL

H u3sn c s+ cucc*c4 s sn clcc ul% dhc+ nu c<4 sgs /bsn3h: 4s 0ul % s+ su)us% b dh + cu hd0s*h3sh% h2cc3sunch. Mul3s% cu <n2+) us*s h)lhudhbslc% <n *c3sn c*cds ul% dh* nu bun+/bsn3h.
H dbb<nds hcchs + ss0)h sc uns/c*shl+ 3snc cu0/h dc s ch: ccl 0hs 0ul % dc s *+dusn3h )*b)*sc. Cugc h"/b* hl3ss ds0)b *s/+% c<nd% lh cghls h c dc 0c*s c% h)lhu.clc *+s)und dss)*b)b*3sbnh . Ccch cc lh unul h 2bs 0hgnc hl /bsn3clb* cs c% lh hl ul% /*hD+. Cu <ns+ b dchunh /bs hcb*dh s)*sDsn )*s/slcgsh h* cs. Nu"s dc hDuns c0sncn3+ <n <n.cs *+*s )cn *u ss0)h sh bh0cnslb*% dc4s sc sub<n3clcgc. Lcsnc c s+ c<4 sgs h2cc ul% b dh + hdc0cns cbncc) ul% dcbh*ccc s s0h cbn/bhc+ h2cc3sunch. H s *uns <n chs) 2c*scs 0sDlbhcclc c+ *c hcchs + ss0)h sc bb4 chsc+% dh* nu 4s c+ *c cch h *cgclus s+u% 2uncs ul slus *u ducc dc Gussc5&% )c ch*c &"h 2+cu 0h*c un *cgc% 2h/b*s.<ndu"&% 4s <nc+ 0hs 0h*c hl ul% <n *cc<ndu"sc? hl *cslch% .sc% dsn *c Hcn*scss 2*hncc.s. Kh hl nu0c )cn *u su/c*hns <n b*scc 0bnh*hsc? c+cs lh sn4s h < dc sus)u4s )<n+ 4s nu0clc dcscs2*ch.+ b*hcblc. Rcgclc hccs h <s <n *cb+ <n *"b .s )c /hshlss s+s? >Cc 2hcc dc Gussc dc"s /*+Dc4 c h4h )c bh0cnsO" R+s)unsc unul% cu* chn cC *h/hghn )*sn unscs h c <n /*c0u*slc hccs ch? >Ss*c% 2hcc*c dc bsnc% cu h0<ndbu+ 0<snslc? )c ccl lh ch*c nu hDung ds*cc <n*<u*s"*slc shlc bsnc2+c+ bh*c% <l h sng )*sn *+s2*<ngc*c: sh* dhc+ nu 2h) c% /b*bc. Nu c cununsc )c ch*c s+ n"b s+*b+ b*chsc+% bb c. lh ch*c s+ nu 2sc nh4% <n0b*0<n h*c )c ch*c s+ nu b bnb*c.c: c cu* cns b*% b0cnbs% 0+*sns0bs% <s *cs)cc + )c b3s% nu clc/c c4 c )c ns0cns 4s% )c scu* % cl cs c *cgclc <n h2cc % chsh* dhc+ 0hscs h ch /bhs *+ <n c2cc ."
HHRUL HL @SS"LCH A6
Kc*scs + ss0)h sc% dhc+ h* 2s <n2*+3s "b cu hccch h *cgclus s+u% c+cs nu lc s + <n 2s*c s+ sc cCclud+. B*sc< h* sus3snc Bhsh.sd c+ h)lhudhbsls h ch 0snss *ulus )*b/bhc+ nc<nc*cdc*ch s +)<nulus. s hdc/+*h c c+ hccch h lus Du0nc.cu% h *cgclus 4s h bh0cnslb* s<n *cs g*h3ss 0hs 2*u0bhsc dcc< cclc )c ch*c 4s lc"hu <nchs)us hn scss. <4s dhu 0<nh unh hl csh% <nl+n3usndu"sc us *clc s *<ns: 4s dhc+ c s+ ls)schsc+ unh% 2sc <n b*dsnc. Cch 0hs )b *s/s + /*hD+ ch s+ 2ss subs c s+ subc4 s. #ulgul c <n cC h. c<nd gbnc4 c du)+ csnc/h% dh* 2u*sbs c<nd )*sgbnc4 c. P*s0ul nbbsl hl sus cs lus c% du)+ )+*c*c% cu* cnsh 4s gcnc*b.s h ch? cu hccs ch h hDuns Ts us s+ 2sc nu0s >dcs2+ h*c h uns/c*sulus". Cu/<n ul bsnc/bs b* hl unus su)c*sb* cghlch.+ hc3sunch unus cghl% sh* cu* cnsh unus )*sncs)c <n *ccc dh*ul unus cc +3chn. Dbh* )cn *u c+ 4s"h us h b cls)+ 0hscs h ch 4s h cbbb*< dc )c chl s)*c h"& hDu h )c un 3+*hn h cucc*s 0+*sns0bsul dbn Hlbnsb57 .sdu*slc <n +*s c hlc Ghc cs% )c ch*c% dbh* cu bb0bh*dc% nu lc"h* 2s 4 s*bs <n 0ul c .slc. H sn *h <n <s <n sns0s% sh* h)bs% cu *su02% <n cc h c. Unss )cs c 0+su*+ c*s scs nu"s g+scsc cclus 0h*c dsn *c c+)s hns56% 4s u*sh4 <n *c c*bs% hl c 0c*s c )cn *u hn bnb0h.h lus dcc< bun+/bsn3h bb4 chsc+. Cu h4 .scc c+% <n )lu*hls h ch <n.cs *+*slb*% /*cdnsc+ 2scch*c dc *cnu0clc h)lhudhbsl% hcchs h h 2bs cch 0hs 2c*scs +. CCss + 4s b ss0)h sc h ss b*scslb*% h < dsn hh sc*c% c< 4s dsn nc0u*s*c% )cn *u c+ )cnclc lb* s<n cclc hlc 2hs0cs. Clc )b* *c s.ch.+ nu succcsclc nh u*ss% cs )c cclc hlc su2lc ulus. Hccl 2cnsC Cb*/sn5(% glb*sc h Ungh*scs% bbs4nush s+ s)un+% 4s <nc+ 0hs bsnc s+ )un+ <n
57
56
HHRUL HL @S#"LCH
AB

Uc.sn/bl u*h% su2lc hl b*sc+*cs <n.cs *+*s% /sh3+ h b*sc+*cs dcs+"/<*4s*s% clcghn3+ h hc3sunslb*% g*h3sc h cu/sn clb* 4s /*hD+ h b*sc+*us bun"gus % scducc sn clsgcn3h 4s dcs2sdc cC)lsch3sh. Cs c un *clsc2 hl *clsc2u*slb* 4s cs c b 2*u0usc3c cscn3shl+. Cclclhl c <n.cs *+*s <0)bdbbcsc nh u*h% dh* 2h*0ccul *clsc2ch.+ <nsc4s <n.cs *+*slc. Hs 2cl <nc< c )c*2cc3sunc h <nsc4s )c*2cc3sunss% cu 2*u0usc3c su)c*sbh*+% cu g*h3sc uns/c*shl+. Cbns + <n *"b hnu0s + dss snc3sc% <n *"b clcghn3+ sndscsbsl+% h < <n /b*b+% c< 4s <n 2h) +% )<n+ 4s <n cugc h*c.
Cs c <nn+scu <n cch 0hs 0h*c 0+su*+% cs c <ndh b*h bbsc*/+*ss <n cch 0hs 0sc+ 0+su*+. P<n+ hcu0 nu s"h su)us nscsbdh + /*cunus )*ccc) % 0c*cu su)c*sb* b*sc+*cs h* c. Ch unus *+)s b* hl gus ulus% s s"h .ss c<*lsg: dh b*s + s0)c*cc)" sls +3ss% g*h3sc: dh b*s + <nsu2lc3s*ss% h *hc3sc: dh b*s + scduc3scs% dc.sn/bl u*+: dh b*s + <nlcsns*ss% dcghDh*c? c+cs bh c hccs c nu0c s lc"hu c+u h db*sn3h 4s hnc/bsn3h dc h"& dcsc*sc. SS b2cns+0 dhc+"& cbn2und+0 cu <nlcsns*ch: b lhs+ 2bh* c 0ul <n u*0+ 4s <n *ccc s *+lucs*ch. Dc4s b*scc dc.sn/bl u*+ )*csu)unc h)lb0b% hdhug+ <ns+ dcs+/<*4s*c. Hc3sunslc <4s hu Lucsnh5A lb*% 4s sc4s*ch cu bsnc s sc dh b*c4 c 2h*0cculus% 2ssndc+ cl lc 0b4 cnc4 c nh4 c*ch. K+*+ ch% cch 0hs bun+ *chls.h*c cs c 0bh* +% cch 0hs 0h*c )c*2cc3sunc% sch*b+d+. s nu cs c h < dc hccsdcn hl+% <nc< s+ nu 2sc uncb*s )*sncs)hl+? nu c dbh* <n sluDbh b*nh0cn ulus% cs s)*sDsn+ 0sc.ul. C+cs% dhc+ c su2lc hl 2*u0usc3ss% c s)s*s hl )*udcn3cs: dhc+ c su2lu hl scls)s*ss% c /sh3+ h cu*hDulus. T*bnch.+ dcb)b *s/+ <n *"un cbnduc+ b* dc b4 s% hl+ u*s dc cu*hD% dc.sn/bl u*h: 4s <n *"un *cgc. lh )h*s h c cu )*udcn3h. Nu"& *ccunb4 s 0hs )u3sn <n .suh uncs b+ +lss du)+ <nd*+.nchlh dc.sn/bl +% ch du)+ dsb+csc 4s cu*hD. Dc.sn/bl u*h <l 2hcc% 0hs <n <s% )c un gcnc*hl s +)<n )c ssnc% sh* h)bs )c b . Nu hDungc cu0)+ns*ch% nu c su2scscn + )cn *u h )*c3us dc.sn/bl u*h s0)c* u*bhbsl+ h hcclus 0h*c <n/sng+ b* dc *cgs% ccl 0hs 0h*c *s/hl hl Hlcsdulus% dbn Kc*nhndb dcH/hlbs55: s"b )*bclh0c h)lhu.clc dsn ch *ul dc lh Phdb/h. Dc.sn/bl u*h c lh 2cl dc <nsu2lc3s + )c chl% )c c< dc 0+*ch3+ sub un bhldhchsn: )<n+ 4s <n h0/bn d+ s *+lucs*c hscu3s0ss. C*bsc h 2bs h)lb0bul hcclus Tcscu 2*hncc.% Hcn*sc hl S#"lch% c+cs cu 2s*ul dc hu* hl dc.sn/bl u*ss h 4 su s+ shs+ ch2+* dsn *"un lhbs*sn h < dc <nc<lcs . Cs c 4s )bls sc+ dc.sn/bl u*h% 4s <n c0csul cs h )u u s)unc hccl 0bnh*h s)s*s uhl hl uns/c*sulus? >Mhs cs c hl + lu0c dc gu/c*nh O"58
Hh
5B (&
Dcsprc dc0sn !ltur6 C2. Br., &75. Lucsnh6 Ds/sns h c *b0hn+% )*b cc bh*c h nh4 c*slb*% 0cn3sbnh + 4s <n Crst., SS% (: SSS% A. 55 H hl!s6 Kc*nhndb K*hncsscb dc H/hlbs% 0h*chs. dc Pcsch*h ;&('9"&B7BE% unul dsn hu b*ss /sc b*scs dc lh Phdb/h% undc h 2bs luh )*s.bnsc* K*hncssc S hl K*hn3cs. G*hcs1n <l 0hs 0cn3sbnch.+ <n Hsc, L#SS% 4s Crst., SS% 8. 58 C /b*bh dc HlcChnd*u ccl Mh*c. #c.s 0hs sus% Cs., S@% 2snhl. 5' hsccndcntulus ksscscB C2. Dssc., S 4s SS? Br., (7% B9. 89 Cc.h*? #c.s Plu h*h% Dscs phrhlclc, >Chcsh*"% 7.
Ls sc su)unc ch)ul ccl 0hs b*gblsbs% 2+*+ h"4s dh sch0h cu0% 4s ls sc )lchc+ Dudcch h cch 0hs nch <*nh +. Hcc4 sh )b 2s <n bun+ 0+su*+ lcs <n b0cns*c% dcbh*ccc <0)+* +4csc )*sncs)hlul% 4s hnu0c db0snh3sh. Pc lcu% cclclhl c 2sh*c <l *ccunbsc )*sn *"b )*css03s*c nh u*hl+ 4s% 2+*+ h"s cc*cc h cu*hDul% <s 2hc dsnhsn c c0cnclc. H4h 4s )c c*bss hcc4 sh% *cgs nh u*hls% <s <n <0)sn+ *cs)cc ul cclb*lhl3s% 2+*+ h 0hs h4 c) h )*bbh ch)hcs +3ss. Cs c un *clsc2 dc0n dc cb*bhn+: 4s dhc+"s cb*cs)und c0sncn3h sn clcc ulus 4s 0+*c3sh sns0ss% ns0sc nu ls)sc4 c s)*c h cbns s us un 0b b* )bls sc )*s0. S"h /+.u <nsc+unh + <n.cs *h*ch hcchs h db0nchsc+ <n dbn Hc*nhndb ,l/h*c. dc Tblcdb8&% s +)<n 0hs 0ul )*sn nh u*+ dcc< )*sn bun+/bsn3+. H 2bs 0h*c% 4s s"h n+scu s+ 2sc 4s 0hs 0h*c? nscs chsh* <n /b*bs*c n"h )u u sslnscs hccs hsccndcn nh u*hl. Sc dcbscbc4 c 0ul dc b g*h/s h c 0sncsnbhs+% dc b h*bghn3+ h2cc h +% chsn cscn3+ h dc cs hbslulus% nu h < h dhc+ c <nn+scu +% dc4s c 2bh* c h)*b)sh + dc su)+*h*c. Dh* cch 0hs 0h*c b)b.s3sc b <n *c3snc cu nc0ul3u0s*ch 2h3+ dc ssnc. cu nc<nc*cdc*ch <n cu*hDul )*b)*su% 4s 0hs hlcs c<nd dcgcnc*ch.+ <n 4b/+shl+% c+cs s"h* )lcch b hl dss)*c3ulus. S2h ul lus Ch b87% 4s bd*hsl+ h sc/c*s +3ss shlc. h 2bs c+ un b+*bh *cbusc s+ sc *cs)cc c )c ssnc <nsu4s% 4s chsh* s+ sc ch0+ dc ssnc. Csnc <4s )sc*dc 2*sch dc ssnc d+ d*u0 lsbc* cclb*lhl3s 4s% cu <ng+dusn3h sh% b <nlcsnc4 c )c
cch s *+sn+.

4
8&
HHRUL HL @#"LCH A5
86
U4bh*+ c )b*ns*ch c+ *c 0h*ss bh0cns% *h*+ <ns+ cb*clh3sh. S *sg+ uncb*s sns0h% 2+*+ h hscul h ccbul cb*cs)undc*ss. Lh 4cbhlh subs*ss hccs h c hbcccul% undc )*s0h lcc3sc )*s/c4 c ss0)h sh. Ksc% dh*% dsb+csc <n dsscc*nc*c s+ cunb4 s 4s s+ dbb<ndc4 s ss0)h sh )hss/+. H cn ul s+ sc 2blbschsc+ dc hcchs + /*hD+ nh u*hl+% 4s h* h s+ duc+ 0hs dc)h* c ccch cc h <ncc)u nh u*h. Pc c< dc ncdsscc*n+ bh*c% )c"h < h dc *h h + c s +*usn3h dc h )*c sndc cc/h 2+*+ hccs hh <* 2s*csc 4s dc h 3snc s+ cucc*c4 s /bsn3c 2+*+ 0uns3sh ss0)h scs. Dh* cch *cghl+ cs c *cgsnh <n.cs *+*slb*% *ccc dc hb h*clc )*b"dsgsulus? bh.+ cc h *sdsch s h usc% )u*u*s% dc nc0u*s*c )c )lsn c dc sbh* + )*sclnsc+. Hcchs + hugus + <n.cs *h*c c uncb*s h0b*3s + )cn *u c+ nu hDung )<n+ lh ch su2l+*slc hh <*ulus. Psh *h 0hgnc sc+ nu h *hgc 2sc*ul <n h2h*h db0cnsulus s+u 4s nscs ss0)h sh nu hc3sbnch.+ <n h2h*h s2c*cs shlc dc hc3sunc. H)*b)sc*ch c cch 0hs dc sch0+ dsn *c cbnds3ss% nu 4s h0cs ccul. H cn3sc% hs)s*hn3s lh c*bscs h c? <n hh*ul hccs h *+sh*c un sbh*c hl s *+lucs*ssQ

H*s0clc hnghD+*s s<n un cCh0cn hl cu*hDulus 4s bh*ccu0 un 0bd dc h scbh c <n lu0c 2hs0h 4s ch)hcs h ch. Nu s<n dc hDuns 0s*hcblc dc )*b)+4s*s ch s+ *clsc2c.c dcbu u*s bbs4nus c 4s% ccl 0ul % b*scc c2b* ul c*sb* c )c scs*c h ccch cc h )*cccdh . Un <ncc)u s)lcndsd% )c l<ng+ 2h) ul c+ )unc <n gh0+ sus bh*c h)lhu.clc% bblsg+ 0ul /hlbh*ch.
Sus)scsunch% <n 0h c*sc dc *c)u h3sc% <0)+* +4c4 c lh <ncc)u cbnds3sh )+c+ bsulus% ch*c% b dh + hDuns% nu 0hs sch)+ nscsbdh + dc dss)*c3. R+sh*+ un c*bu cu s)lcndb*s dc sbh*c. T*cbusc s+ )*c2c*c b dchunh <n *c)*sndc*slc 0+*c3c% sh* lh <ncc)u % 0hCs0c. <ndclc nscs*ch bbs4nus + nu )bh c hducc $c%&'c sc4s dsn cb0un 4s nscs ss)*h/h )sg0cc nu )bh c hducc *c)u h3sc dc u*sh4.
HHRUL HL @#S"LCH A'
Dcbu u*slc cCcclcn c s<n chc.+4ss hlc b)snscs% sh* cclc hlc unus c*bu *cbusc s+ 3sn chsc+ cu b su + dc s hdss 0hs sus dcc< 3clu*slc unus b0 dc *<nd. Hccl sbh*c hl c+)s hnslb* 4s gcnc*hl hl c*bslb*% cbn clc c*bsc dc Kucn cs 8A% s"h n+scu <n *u h)lhu.c )c d00ul sbh*clus% ch*c sc nh4 c dc lh <ncc)u u*sh4 hl s *+lucs*ss. Sn <sh lus hc3sunc h )u u 2s n!nplus ultrh hl unus Mh* c? n"h 2+cu nb/scsh lh 2hs0+% cs% dsn )*s0h .s% h *bs s lcg+0<n dc nc0u*s*c. Cbn *h* )+*c*ss 0hs u u*b*h% cl h <ncc*cus b*h4ul Ch0b*hs% )cn *u c+ c*h ncbbs4nus <n cu)*sndc*c 4s <n cu*hD. H 2bs cunbscu 0hs dcg*hb+ ch c*bu dcc< ch sbldh . Dc 0ul c nc/bsc ch s+ c hchs3s bsnc dc b 0h*c h4 c) h*c. P*s/s b*ul <4s 2hcc b sdcc <nhl +% 2ssndc+"& cbs + 0hs )u3sn )c cl s+"4s s0hgsnc.c ss)*+/slc dcc< )c 2+) us b*ul lb* s+ lc <ndc)lsnchsc+. B ss)*h/+ nch4 c) h + h 2+cu b 0hs 0h*c s0)*cssc dcc< un )*b"dsgsu )*c/cs s dc h4 c) h*c. Mhs 0ul c*c4 c un ccd*u <n )*s0h cls)+ h .b*slb* dcc< un ssb) <n *"un lus *u <n *cg% 2ssndc+ dcbu u*slc *bbus c 2+g+duscsc u*sc4cnsc. Mh*s s<n cbnsccsn3clc unus 0hCs0u0 <n hn cccdcn c? sc /+dcsc )*b cc3sh sb*3ss% 0+*c3sh ch)hcs +3ss% h)lhu.clc uns/c*shlc 4s ss0)h sh bb4 chsc+. Nu s<n <ns+ dc hDuns <ncc)u u*s <nsu2lc3s c% dhc+ )*b)+4s*slc s<n l<nccdc. Nc*b h <ncc)u cu h)lhu.c )cn *u 2cnsC 4s h s2<*4s cu dss)*c3u*s )cn *u /hsslssc. CC *c0clc dss)*b)b*3sbnh c% dhc+ sc <0bsn+% /+dcsc 0bns *ub.s h c. B hsc0cnch ds2scul h c )lcdch.+ )cn *u dcs+/<*4s*ch ul c*sbh*+ h *cnu0clus% ch 4s )cn *u sns3sc*ch lus. Khs0h sc <n/cchc4 c 4s h)lhu.clc <0b+ *<ncsc% lh 2cl ch bh c cclclhl c% )cn *u c+ lcgslc s0)ulus nu cunbsc cCcc)3sc. s cclcs 0hs 0h*s s *+lucs*s% cclcs h sbh*clus% s"hu *c)*b4h 2slb.b2ss scnsls +3s 4s dcc+dc*s <n lu0sn+. Cs c% )*sn u*0h*c% b s *h hgc0+% )cn *u /ul u* ch 4s )cn *u 2cnsC% s+ *cnb/c.c 0+*c3sc% s+ <n snc*chsc+ 2hs0h 4s s+ *chduc+ lh /sh3+ h)lhu.clc.
8A

85 88
HHRUL HL @#0"LCH 5&

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Mul s sc dh b*ch.+ <n )u c*nscul s0)c*su hl u*cslb* /s ch.ulus Bs0hn% ch*c &"h sns3sh % dh* 4s 0hs 0ul cucc*s b*ulus Mhhb0cd% ch*c &"h s h b*nscs <n Cbns hn snb)bl% l+s<ndu"& )c c< dc *cnu0s % )c"h < dc s)b*s .
Mbnh*hsh K*hn3cs h s+ds "b /s ch.ul Kh*h0und. H s *b)s "b Clb/ss cu lscbh*ch cc*chsc+ &7% <ncunun<ndu"b 0hs 0ul cu )*cc*c4 snclc"s /s* u3s dcc< cu c*snss <n0s*cs0h3s. C dc hsc0cnch b 0h*c dcbscbs*c <n *c h <n c0csh un *cgh h)h* c 4s b0bgcn% <n sn c*sb*ul uncs 3+*s% 4s h hlc+ us un s0)c*su uns/c*shl dsn ds/c*sc )*b/sncss 4s nh3ss. Hcblb% uns2b*0s h ch lcgslb*% hsc0+nh*ch bbsccsu*slb*% b ls0b+ 4s b cls0+% <n 0+su*h <n ch*c <l uncsc <n sn c*sb*% <l sc)h*+ dc s *+sns. Hcclch4s 0+*s% 0un3ss 4s *<u*slc s<n )cn *u K*hn3h hb h* nh u*hl 4s .sd )cn *u )+s *h*ch cs. Dh* <n 0bnh*hsh S)hnscs% undc )*b/sncsslc s<n 0ul c% nh3sslc ds2c*s c% ls0bslc /h*sh c% <nclsnh3sslc b)usc% cls0clc cbn *h*ss% h4h cu0 c nc/bsc dc b 0h*c ch)hcs h c )cn *u h )+s *h% b dc 0ul + 4s )cn *u h uns. <n c0csc*ch dc s0)c*ss nu sc 0+*gsnc4 c lh un 0bd unsc: 0sn ch h g+ss 0ul c% 4s h)h* c. <n 2clul hccs h h *hns2b*0h Cc.h* h*ss bc*h3sh <n 0bnh*hsc% 4s s"hu 2bs b h < ch <n.cs *+*slc ch 4s cb*bhnclc. Rb0hnss hu cucc*s cc"s 0hs 0ul 4s 0hs bun dsn lu0c% sh* hcchs h s"h su)us )c *b0hns. H subDugh b h3<3sh *cgs c<3s hu 2bs scnh b*ss 4s c+)s hnss )c ch*c s"h <n/sns. Mh*clc Cbns hn sn h dh )*slcD 0bnh*hscs )bn s2schlc% 4s )c cch s0)c*shl+ h sh h s *+0u h "b hcblb% <n *+s+*s % 2+c<nd dsn h*0clc"s /sc b*sbhsc .sd )u c*nsc <n Du*ul Bssc*scss. H <nlcsns cucc*s*ch lu0ss <n *cgs sub Dugul s2sn cs c*cdsn3c% dhc+ u*0h4ss lus h* 2s 4 su s+"s <n2+) ushsc+ )*bscc ul 4s s+ )*snd+ 0b0cn ul )*sclnsc. Dc dbu+ b*s 0h*c% )*sn cu*hD 4s )*sn shghcs h c% h 2bs Ss0hsl Sh2s% dcbh*ccc 4s"h <n c0csh s0)c*sul Pc*sscs nu )c *usnclc cclus b b0hn% cs )c ccch cc c*h 0hs <n2lb*s b* <n *"<nsul. S"h b)*s cu*sul nb*bculus <n c*c4 c*ch sh 0hCs0+ 4s% )*sn ds/snh P*b/sdcn3+ ;)c d*c) 2h/b*hbsl+ c*c4 sn+ +3ssE% h <n2*<n b*gblsul u*ccsc <n bsul s+u. #sclcnsh <4s h*c )*b)*sul 0bd dc <n c0csc*c% 4s hnu0c s+ )*b2s c 0c*cu dc )*slcD: 4s% du)+ cc dshbnsh ncsbcb s + h su/c*hnslb* c*c4 sns lc"h 0+csnh )c *<nd 2b*3clc% lc"h scc+ us /ss c*sslc% lc"h
&7
85
dss *us 2lbh*ch b4 slb*% hu sc4s cu 2b*3c )*bhs)c c u*css 4s hu )us 0<nh )c b % 2+*+ *c.ss cn3+. Ss b*sslc s<n 0hs )lsnc dc <0)*cDu*+*s dcc< dc <n/+3+*s dc 0sn c. Hn sch glb*sc h2*schn+ s"h /+.u *c<nnbs + <n c*s2ul&6 lb*% bh*bh* <n3clc) ch*c h 4 su s+ Dbhcc cu dbu+ 0<sns% c<nd cu cch h )bls scss% c<nd cu cch h cu*hDulus. Rs/hl hl lus HlcChnd*u 4s sn/sdsbs )c *cnu0clc lus% Gcnghss"Hhn&( h *ccucc*s b B*scn ul% dc lh .sdu*slc Chsncs )<n+ lh )+du*slc Mbscb/cs% l+s<ndu"lc u*0h4slb* s+s% 0hs 0ul <n ghD dcc< ch 0b4 cns*c% *cnu0clc dc Mh*c Hhn hl Th* h*scs. Tb3s hu 2bs ch)s dc 0bnh*hss% lh 2scch*c dsn *c cs 0+*c3sh cugc ulus cb*cs)un.<nd cu cch h s0)c*sulus lb*. Pu3sns dsn *c u*0h4ss lb* s"hu cghlh % 4s chsh* dhc+ hu <0)sns 0hs dc)h* c ls0s clc )u c*ss% nu <ns+ 4s )c cclc hlc cu*hDulus. Sbh*clc scnsn ch*c <n *c b3s s *+lucc4 c c Ch blscul Kc*nhndb% <n ch*c hu c.hu*s.h nh u*h <n.cs *+*s% sbh* h hh <*u*s% sh* 2hs0h h)lhu.c. Cc*ul h cb)sh <n *"<nsul bh c <n.cs *+*slc cclc 0hs bunc hlc u u*b* 0bnh*hslb* <n c0csc b*s% ch s+ hlc+ ushsc+ un s0)c*su dsn b cc c 0hs bun <n 0bnh*hss. H hl+ u*h 0ul c cb*bhnc <n *"unh ssngu*+ 4s% 0+*c3scs shlc nc2ssndu"s dc hDuns b lu0c% nb*bcul 4s ch)hcs h ch lus s"hu dcscb)c*s hl h. H n+.us s+"4s <0)bdbbchsc+ 2*un ch cu )sc *clc b*scn hlc% ch 4s cu )sc *clc bccsdcn hlc% 4s% dhc+ n"h s.bu s s"b 2hc+ <n s0)ul /sc3ss% lc"h h*+ h u*0h4slb* s+s d*u0ul <n*uds*ss? c+cs undc nu h*c cc c+u h 2b*3h% h*c /sclc4ugul. Kc*nhndb&B sc *+gch dsn nch0ul c*bsc hl *cgslb* H*hgbnulus% ch*c <n b dchunh h 2bs 0h0+ 2ccund+ dc c*bs. C dc 0h*c hDu b* shu c )scdsc+ <n dbb<nds*ch cclcb*s +3ss ccch cc 3snc dc 2h0slsc? 2slb.b2sc scc*c +% c2cc /+ds hl su/c*hncs P*b"/sdcn3c% 0hs 2h/b*hbsl+ unb*h dcc< hl b*h. Sc )h*c c+% lh 2cl ch <nsu4s*slc nh u*hlc% sc 0b4 cncsc 4s cclc 0b*hlc% )*s/slcgsslc 4s dc2cc clc% hlc nh u*ss shu hlc sb*3ss. S<n chsc ch*c )bh* + cu ssnc c*cds h* nb*bcul% sh* hl clc ncnb*bcul. Chsh dc Hus *sh h 2bs <n b dchunh )*chnb*bcbhs+% )*bs)c"*<nd /c4nsc <n )b2sdh u u*b* 0h4snh3sslb* hd/c*sh*slb* s+s.
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88
Cch dc #hlbss% ds0)b *s/+% <n K*hn3h% h 2bs ncnb*bcs +% nc2c*scs*ch hcchs h nu lc"h sc* h nscs )c 2c0cslc )*s/slcgsh c. S<n nch0u*s 2bh* c *+.bbsnscc dsn 2s*c% ch 4s dsn h2cc3sunc% cu0 c hcclh dc Bbu*bbn% sc0snh* dc cbnduc+ b*s /s cDs% hl c+*cs h0cs cc cu ccl dc Hus *sh 2+g+dusc4 c% <n sc*cnsss0ul nbs *u )*sn3 hl S)hnscs% b dh + cu nb*bcul% cu*hDul% s)*c h 2s 0bnh*h hl uns/c*sulus. Ksc"s b*hcbl nu0clc s+u *cgcsc dc Bhhhshr Rc-%&. hlc+ us dsn bh c cclc )h *u /bchlc ch*c s<n lh sns3shlh u u*b* cclb* )h *u )+*3s hlc lu0ss% ch )*c/cs s*c c+ 0bnh*hsh 4s 2hs0h sh lc /b* bcu)h )c bh c. Kh0slsh Cc.h*slb* dc lh Rb0h h 2bs s c*)+ <n u*0h4s% h < <n )*s/sn3h chls +3ss% c< 4s h nu0+*ulus? )cdch)s+ bbs4nus + h s*hnscs. S<n chsc hs c+*b* )*sncs)s sc 2b*0ch.+ cu <n <*.sc*c% dh* ch*c% b dh + cc s"hu *c.s %
*+s)l+ csc .+bh/h <ncc)u u*slb* cu un )*bdsgsbs cCccs <n )*b)+4s*s. Chsh *cgslb* H*hgbnulus h dh su/c*hns c0sncn3s <n c<*0us*c. Tb3s dcb)b *s/+ hlc4s% )bls scscns% )+ *un.+ b*s% *+.bbsnscs 4s )*udcn3s? nb*bc *h* 4s /*cdnsc s+ 2sc )s.0us dc bh c cclclhl c *cgh c. S"h n+scu 4s h c*cscu nu <n *<nd+/sc% nscs )*sn *c dcs2+ +*slc *cgclus dbn Juhn. h +l s+u% cs <n 0sDlbcul cclb* 0hs 0h*s hnhnghss hlc lus. Slu0snh3sslc dc lh nh4 c*ch sh hu 2bs 2ulgc*clc bb0bh*dclb*% sh* bucu*sslc cu*3ss hu 2bs *su02u*s hlc *c)c h clb* /sc b*ss. P*sn3 cb)sl% s"h /+.u hscdsh <n chs clul dc lh Gs*bnh <0)*cun+ cu *cgsnh dbnh Juhnh% 0h0h sh% hcch h0h.bhn+ chs slshn+% ch*c h cb0hndh h < ch h*0h c <n Nh/h**h% H*hgbn 4s Ch hlbnsh. Cbn *h unus cb)sl 4s uncs 0h0c% hu 2bs .slc c<nd hsu)*h chs clulus s"hu *hs csncs 0ss dc glbhn3c: dh*% ch 2cnsCul% h sc4s *su02+ b* dsn hccs snccndsu? c+cs bh c *cgh clc )h* h sc 2s cbnDu*h <0)b *s/h lus Kc*nhndb cb)sl% s)*c h s sc su)unc h)bs ch b+*bh dc)lsn. Dsn *"b cduch3sc c*bsc+ scsc un *cgc c*bsc. D+snusc"n ulcsb* /*c0c <ndclungh + 0s*bsul bun shu *+u hl cclcs dsn <s lscb*s )c ch*c h cbn3snu "b&5. #ul u*ul <4s <ncch*c+ )usul% ch s+ 2sc *cgc hl
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T*hshn. Hlc+ ushu h0<ndbs un ssgu* *u)? hcclh c*h ch)ul% 4s hccs h b*h3clc% <0)+*3sndu"4s 2hcul +3slc? b+ *<nul )*udcn3h% sh* <n+*ul cu*hDul. s ccch cc bb3snch <nc*cdc*ch <n s *+sns% dc cc s+ nu b )*c snd+ nh u*h <n hs +sO Subs*ch% shu c0c*ch% )+*sn chsc+ c )*hg 2h hl dc s <nc+ cc lc"h /cns dc hhc 0ul b* u*0h4s. L"hu <ng*b)h % <n K*hn3h% )c Ch*bl ccl Snc) 79% <nc+ <nhsn c dc h sc nh4 c% <n *c dcs2+ +*s <0bsc bh*c% d*c) ch*c 0c*cu h 2bs *cgc 0b* . H2cc3sunch shu nc<nc*cdc*ch s"h dus 4s )c su/c*hnss b b0hns s+ n+scbcchsc+ dulcch <nchssbh*c h )c *ccc*slb*% dsn ch*c nscsbdh + n"hu 0hs s.bu s s+ shs+. Pcn *u ch Dsb"nsssbs hl SS"lch hl Sscslscs s+ nu hs)s*c )*ch dc/*c0c lh db0nsc% h 2bs c*cscu ch 0ul3s hl3ss% h4h <nc< % du)+ hccch% nscs chsh* <*.su% nu hu 0hs 2bs ch)hbsls dc ch. Tbh c h* clc sc <n/h3+ 4s <n bh c <ndclc nscs*slc 0cchnscc% chsh* 4s"n cclc 0hs u4bh*c% c un *+s s0) dc uccnscsc. Dbh* cclcs *cgc4 s% ch*c c cch 0hs g*ch% s sc *+)c4 c hcchs + )*c/cdc*c bb4 chsc+. Ns0sc nu c 0hs ds2scsl% .scch Dsbclc3shn% dcc< s+ db0nc4 s bsnc. Unss hDung s+ 2sc *cgs 2+*+ h* + 4s 2+*+ cC)c*scn3+. Nsnus hl SS"lch% 2sul Sc0s*h0sdcs% s"h )b0cns )*sns dcbdh + <n ds2scslh c<*0us*c h unus scc) *u. Chsldc*sc% 2*hncc.ul% s"h /+.u <n 0sDlbcul unus bcchn )bls sc% 4s nu dc lh) c% cs dc s<ngc% bh chsh* dc 2sc*c cu*h +. P*s0cDdsh 0h*c% cC)c*scn3h nul+. Dc hccch% dbn Shnchb hl SS"lch hl Pb* ughlscs h )*sns g*bh.+ dc sluDbh hcchs h 4s% 0hs *+u <nc+% nc<nc*cdc*c <n ssnc% 4s% *cnun3<nd b3s hcc4 sh lh 0unc+% hu *+0hs dbh* cu )h* ch )l+cu + 4s cu s lul dc *cgs% )<n+ c<nd l"hu )sc*du 4s )c cl. Kc*nhndb 4s"h cbnshc*h snc*c3ch sluDbcs bs +4c4 s% sh* b+ *<nc3ch )bls scss. H h/u g*sD+% <n )*s0ss s+s hns% s+
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7A
'B
hccs us )*chc*c4 sn *cgh % dcbh*ccc &"h <n.cs *h cu Hugb Ch)c % ch*c h *cs hu*h )cn *u 0ul c /chcu*s 0bnh*hsh% nb*bcul cbn s"nu<ndu"s )*sn h <3sh *cgs 2hs0b4s% unss s2sn3s% hl3ss b*h/s 4s hl3ss <n3clc)3s. C0ul hl h < b* glb*ss% Ludb/sc hl @HS"lch% *cs hu*h b* nc<n/sns hl Ghlscs% h s.gbns dsn <n *chgh K*hn3+ c*c.sh 4s sc
c*cdc c+ h*c s+ hlungc dsn bh + lu0ch ncc*cdsn3h? csnc h <ncc)u )c*"sccu <ndu"s )c c*c scs *cbusc s+ s2<*4chsc+ 3sn<nd )sc) 0hhb0cdhnslb*. Du*ch.+ c< /h s0) hcch )*s0+ c+ldu*+ nh s/+ cu ch*c s"h 2b*0h cb*)ul )bls sc hl unus s0)c*su: d+snusc hcch subs hn3+ *hdschl+ h )u c*ss )*udcn3cs 4s cu*hDulus? csnc h 2bs <n s h*c s+ b)*chsc+ h/<n ul cu ch*c h )b*ns nb*bcul b b0hn% )u*u*s <n c*c4 c*c dc lh B b0hn% )*s0ul s+u su/c*hn% )<n+ lh 2c*scs ul Sbls0hnO H 4s dcc+.u <n ccl dc"hl dbslch Scls0. c+*ush s s"h b)us un s2<n )bn s275 4s s"h *c.ss h un 0bnh*h ch blsc78: h s)b*s )*sn dsscb*dsslc su/c*hnslb* c*c4 sns 4s b dh b*s + lb* sc 0cn3snc. B *cc+ bh*c Lsg+ S2<n + h )u u "b 3snc <n 2*<u /sc b*sbhs+% cu h < 0hs 0ul s"h* /cns dc hhc dcc+.u +. P*b/sdcn3h c su)*c0h hu bh*c h s0)c*sslb*% sh* nu bh*bh sbh* + /ulgh*+. Ch lc 2hcc 4s dcs2hcc% lc *sdsc+ 4s lc u0slc4 c% <n *u hsnscclc 4s )*ch<nhl clc"s scb)u*s? c*cdsncsb4ss d*c) ccn *u hl glb*scs shlc% ncc*cdsncsb4ss d*c) c0ulh3sc 4s )cdch)s+ h hcclb*h% )u*u*s s *+lucsnd% 4s <n unss% 4s <n hl3ss% h*0bnsh )*bdsgsbhs+ h 4 ssn3cs 4s )u c*ss shlc. H 2bs b dchunh un 0h*c h/hn hD s+ succc.s uncs cb*bhnc )h*2u0h c% )*ccu0 @c*Ccs csdh*cs7'% 4s s+ h)ucs scc) *ul <n2lb*s b*% )*ccu0 Dhgbbc* )c ccl hl c*snslb*. Su)*c0 ncnb*bc )cn *u un )*sncs)c s+ hDung+ <n 2*un ch uncs 0bnh*hss <nDbss c% cu b*h/u*h dcc+.u +% lcnch lh 0h*c csns c% /s* u ch su*ghsuns +% /scsul <n *bnh % )u c*slc scc+ us c% *c)u h3sh dssc*cds h +% nb*bcul s)ulbc*h % b ul <0b+ *<ns 4s% ch b chs+ /cchc% h0cnsn3<nd dsn *"b cls)+ <n *"hl h cu *usnh b hl+% dhc+ nu cu0/h )*slcDul /h 2s h4 c) <nd ch)hcs h ch unus #cs)hsshn% h unus Clhu"dsus hl SS"lch% ch*c s+ b *cs hu*c.c: cu*hDul unus Pc)sn 4s hl unus
75 78
'A
Hugb Ch)c % ch*c s+ b *cnb/c.c? c+cs )*slcDu*slc cc )c 0h*ss bh0cns <s <nhl3+% )cn *u )s scs s<n )scdscs cc"s 2hc s+ sc )*+/hlc. Bbs4nus c ch su/c*hnul s+ su2c*c dc hcclch4s bc c4ugu*s hlc 0bnh*hscs? c+cs 0hs cu*<nd sc ls)c4 c lc h*gsh dc b0ul s+n+ bs dcc< s+n+ h ch dc ccl bblnh/. <n hcchs + Dhlnsc+ s h*c sc h2lh S)hnsh c<nd h /cns s+ db0nchsc+ <n *"<nsh nc2c*scs ul dc Rbd*sgb% su/c*hn cu <n.cs *+*s )cs c 0cdsc: cs h sn *h <n *cgh ch <n *"b 0h*c dc /scss 4s dcs2+ +*s% 2ssnd dc 0ul slcs /cchsul cu*hD gb hl hcclb* Hlh*sc% Ssscbu % Rcch*cdb% Ssscnhnd% Susn slh 4s Bh0bh hs s+s. Tb ul c*h *usnh % )<n+ 4s h)+*+*slc 0h c*shlc% 0b*h/u*slc c*hu 0snh c dc nc*u4snh*ch 4s sncu*sh lus Ks s.h. C 0h*c )u c*ch dcs2+ +*ss% 0h*c /sblcn3h /scsulus 4s% b*sc< h* 2s un su/c*hn% un Mhgnus hl SS"lch 69 hl Sucdscs% dsn 2s*c gcnc*bs% un Nc*b hl cduch3scs c*bscc% ls sc b)un dcs2+ +*slc 4s% <ncc ul cu <ncc ul% hDung s+"s s *scc 4s s+"s dch )sc*.+*ss. Nu0hs <n H*hgbn h ls)ss hcchs + dc)cndcn3+ dc s h*ch 0bnh*hscs% )cn *u c+ b3s *cgss lus hu 2bs cC *hb*dsnh*s% b3s dcb)b *s/+ lu0snh3s% dc lh Rh0s*b S% 4s chsh* dc lh Gh*csh Js0cnc.% )<n+ lh Ch blscul Kc*nhndb: nscs unul n"h 2bs snch)hbsl% nscs )c *cc+*c3 4s% s)*c dcbscbs*c dc hl c 0bnh*hss% ul s0ul h 2bs ccl 0hs bun: h c*cscu /s* u ch cu s0)lus 2s*csc <n *cgss s+s% 2ssnd 0hs 0h*c lh s2<*4s dcc< lh <ncc)u . Kb*0h*ch unus su/c*hn dcs+/<*4s dc)sndc% 4s <nc+ 0ul % 4s dc nh3sh <n s<nul c+*csh *+sc4 c. S<n nh3ss ch*c <4s s *sc+ *cgss 4s hl clc ch*c 4s"s 2hc buns. Pc *cc+*c3ss hss*scns <4s *hns0s chu lcsnc <nclsnh3sslc c2c0snh c *cgslb* lb*% dhc+ 0c*s + h 2s nu0s3s hs 2cl b) 0bn4 *s% )*cdcccsb*s hs lus Sh*dhnh)hl. Lhccdc0bnscnss <ns+% cu0)+ h3s 4s )*udcn3s% cu 2*cc/cn h*ch 4s )sldh lb*% <4s <nclsnhu *cgss c+ *c b 2clul dc /s* u3s. Pc*shnss% dcdh3s 2clu*s b* /scss 4s *sss)clb* nc0+su*h c )c 0<nch*c 4s <0b*+c+0sn c% <4s /scshu *cgss% h4h <nc< nu lc hDungch nscs bh + Hssh )cn *u snu slh 4s dc4h* + lb* sb0) ub.s h c. Mhccdbncnss% ds0)b *s/+% ccbnb0s 4s d*c)3s% scb chu hsc0cnch su/c*hns% <nc< b cc lc ls)sch ch 2hs 4s 2hl+% lc )*ssbsch ch 0+*c3sc dc cugc . Hcchs h c chu.h )cn *u ch*c% <n unclc nh3ss% hu 2bs *cgs h < dc ssngulh*s% sh* <n hl clc h < dc cb0uns. Kscch*c dsn *c nbbslss dsn H*hgbn c*h bglsnd+ h *cgclus s+u% c*h un )*ccc) b* cCc0)lh* hl su/c*hnulus s+u? nh3sc% <n s2<*4s % nu0hs bun+ ch lhbb*h b* dc *cgs c*bscs.
69
'5
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6& 67
'8
66
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6B 6A
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"h#sstrul dc prs" clhs6 <n sss c0ul uns/c*ss h* 0cdsc/hl% cu*su*slc 3snu c lh )*s0h b*+ 0h snhl+ c*hu *c.c*/h c cclb* 0hs )*cs sgsb4s )*b2csb*s. <n b*sgsnhl? >ch cd*+ scb dc )*s0h". 67 Lud! sc6 Ludb/sc hl @l"lch hl K*hn3cs. PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL
107
ccl s2<n h scbs dsn K*hn3h *+.bbsul <nn+scu 4s &"h h./<*ls du40hnslb* Db0nulus% <n *u 0h*ch glb*sc h *cnu0clus )*chc*c4 sn: &"h scbs cl% dh* l"hu hdus <nh)bs u*0h4ss lus% 2+*+ h 0hs sc4s sh*+4s /*cbdh + nscs dsn *c hb h*clc )*b)*ss% nscs dsn *c cclc c*c4 snc% cu lh 2cl dc )u3sn 2blbs ch 4s 2c*scs*c? c+cs% dhc+ l"h* 2s cbn snuh % nu0clc lus Mhhb0cd h* 2s 2bs dc 0ul us h <n bh + Cu*b)h% <n H2*sch 4s"n Hssh. B% <0)*cDu*h*c dc0n+ dc 0cds h 4s dc )l<ns b bdh +% hnu0c c+ hs +.s c*c4 sn+ h ch sc )<*Dblc4 c <n *+.bbhsc% )c c<nd )+g<n+ h ch sc bdshnc4 c: c sc+ldh <n s<ngc c*c4 snss0ul% 4s"n *hndh2s*s ncc*cdsn3hQ Hdc/+*h h 4s 0hgss *hlh )bls sc+ h 2bs cch h lus Kc*nhndb? ssgu*+ 4s 2c*0+% c+cs nu sc *cducch lh hs0c*c 2hn hs scc: u sl+% dcbh*ccc <s hducch c< c un *cgh )c hn: csns s +% dcbh*ccc s"h hdus )c 0c*s blh.bnul dc ch blsc. H cucc*s *cgh c )cn *u Du0nc.cu% cb*bhnc )cn *u *bnu*slc c*ucss shlc% )*b/sncss )cn *u lhg+*clc c*cdsn3cs: 4s% <n s2<*4s % cl h 2bs ccl ch*c h 4 su s+ unchsc+ )+01n ul cu cc*ul. H 2bs *cgc hl <n.cs *+*slb* 4s hl )*slcDu*slb*% c*bs c hccs ch )c 0+su*h hcclb*h. Unss su/c*hns hu h/u cCcclcn c <n.cs *+*s% lc"hu ls)ss <ns+ )*slcDu*slc dc h lc 2blbss. Hl3ss% ds0)b *s/+% hu h/u )*slcDu*slc 4s lc"hu ls)ss hlcn clc% <nc< nu 4 su )c ch*c s"b cbndh0n ch nc2c*scs*c 0hs 0h*c. Kc0hndb n"h 2+cu )h*hd+ dc clc% nscs nu lc"h sslnscs : nb*bcul s+u <l <0bsh cu clc. Unss u0bl+ lh /<n+ bh*c dc )*slcDu*s% scb3<nd uns/c*sul dsn 3<3<ns% )cn *u ch )<n+ lh u*0+ s+"s s *s/chsc+ )*b)*sh lb* /sblcn3+. <n.cs *h*ch lus cch 0hs 0h*c% 4s sbh*clc cclb*lhl c% h 2bs b )*bdsgsbhs+ ch)hcs h c% 2undh0cn ssgu* hl uncs 0+*c3ss *cgc4 s. Lu0ch /h 2s 2c*scs +% h s)us Plh bn 4s h h)*ccsh #hlc*susB6% c<nd /b* <ncc)c s+ db0nchsc+ <n3clc)3ss shu c<nd /b* <ncc)c h 2s <n3clc)3s *cgss. Clc0cn ul cbns s u s/ )*s0h* hl unus *cgc cs c b 0h*c ch)hcs h c% sh* *cgc cu 0ul + ch)hcs h c% *cgc cu 0ul 0sc.. Ch)ul h 2bs nu0s hs 2cl nu du)+ ch/s h ch 0h c*shl+% cs du)+ ch)hcs h ch dc h <n3clcgc. Su/c*hnul c ch)ul *cgh ulus? h4hdh*% h *sbu ul s+u ccl 0hs 0h*c *cbusc s+ 2sc cu)*sndc*ch% <n3clcgc*ch.
B6
Ch)hcs h ch 2b*0ch.+ )c*sbhnc% snch)hcs h ch 0bn4 *s: hccch )c un Cc.h*% ch*c <n c0csh.+ 0bnh*hsh: hcchs h )c un Ghllscnus% ch*c b )sc*dc: hccch <l <nsu2lc3c4 c )c un Cs*us <n *u glb*sbhsc bs cncls: hcchs h )c un Dh*sus <n *u lcnc 4s bdshn+: 4s hs 2cl% dsn *"unh <ncbl3csc <n.cs *+*s <n Pclh!b% dsn cchlhl + n+*h/u*s <n Rbd*sgb: dsn *"unh ss)*+/s <n Rb0ulus% dsn cchlhl + 0<*4+/ss <n Th*Fusnus. Tb3s 0h*ss *cgs c c*ns.h3s <n h*hs/clc 2hs0cs% <n nc0u*s bh*clc ch hlbhgc hlc h)lhu.clb*% hu 2bs dc 0h*c ch)hcs h c% c+cs 2+*+ hcchs h nu )bh c cCss h 0+*c3sc. Sc nh4 c% nu sc ch)+ + .h*ul b) s0% dh*ul dcs+/<*4s % ch*c )bgbh*+ dsn P+*sn clc lu0snslb*B(. Bsnc cc s)b*c4 c cu s<*gusn3h 4s sc dcs+/<*4c4 c cu cC)c*scn3h. Ch)hcs h ch c c0csul )bls scss% hcch 0h*c h* + dc h 2s *cgc% ch*c nu sc h4h.+ dcc< <n 0h*slc Dudcc+3s? <n *"un Ludb/sc hl @l"lch hl K*hn3cs% <n *"un Mh cs Cb*/sn hl Ungh*scs% <n *"un MhCs0slshn <0)+*h % <n *"un c2hn Bh hb*! hl Pblbnscs 4s <n *"un Kc*nhndb hl S)hnscs. Ch)hcs h ch c s<n hl )*udcn3cs% 2+*+ dc ch*c nscs sluDbh% nscs )*hc sch% nscs hnss nu scb /*cbdh + 0hc4 *s. Cu ch% snc*ss s<n b+ *<ns% sh* 2+*+ ch% b+ *<nss s<n snc*s. S"h hdus lus B b hl LTS"lch su)c*lh s/ul *cnu0clb*% hdsc+ hcclh dc h 2s 2bs nu0s 0s*hcbl hl lu0ss% )cn *u c+% lh uns)*c.ccc hns% h 2bs hlcs <0)+*h 4s h sh ss2+cu <n *u b ul su2*hgsslc? succcsclc su)lsnchu c+*un c3ch 4s cu b3ss hu hd0s*h un sccbl dc 0h u*s h c <n ccs dbs lus *s hs /<*s cs lus. Dh* undc 4s"h dh <n *chgh 0+su*+ 0s*hcblul uncs 0h*s ch)hcs +3s h 2bs <n Sc0s*h0sdh% cch ch*c h <n c0csh Bhbslbnul% cch ch*c h )b*uncs Hsscs? )h *u.ccs dc hns h db0ns sub cu/<n c+ cs c b+*bh . S"h bblsgh s+ 2sc b+*bh 4s% b dh + cu g+ clslc% h lc)+dh 4s bc c4ugu*slc 2c0csc4 s: dh* nscsbdh + /c40<n ul n"h* 2s dc hDuns ch s+ hscund+ scCul% dhc+ nu l"h* dc.0sn3s 4s ch)hcs h ch. Ch)hcs h ch c cchlhl + cblbhn+ ch*c% <0)*cun+ cu cu*hDul% hssgu*+ h0<ndbu+ *c)u h3sh: 4s% <n cb0)c s3sc% h c<4 sgh 0c*cu )*s0h. Dh b*s + cs h 2bs nu0s <n3clc) Ch*bl hl #"lch 2*hncc.ul% nu dh b*s + s udsslb*% nscs 4 ssn3clb*% cs )cn *u c+ h 4 su s+ db0"
M
&98

&9'
nchsc+% hcchs h 2ssnd hdc/+*h h 4 ssn3h h *cgslb*: 2+*+ h <0b*+ch )lh b4h% h *ccu)c*h bh + K*hn3h% h)*bh)c bh + <ns *+snh + )c h uncs% 4s% 2+*+ h )+*+ss *bnul *cghl% s"h hlungh <n B*s hnsh lb* )c cnglc.s. Pcn *u hs h <ns+ c nc/bsc dc b ch)hcs h c su)*c0+% dc sn clsgcn3h unus Sus snshn% dc )bls sch unus Ludb/sc BB% dc )*udcn3h unus Ksls) hl SS"lch? c+cs dhc+ un Ghllscnus% 2+*+ h"s cghlh <n 4 ssn3+% h /*u s+"s <n *chc+ <n s0bbsls h c% <nsch0n+ c+ h /*u s+"4s )+.chsc+ )hlh ul% dh* nu s0)c*sul. Dsn 4 ssn3+ 4s dsn cu*hD sc hdh) ch.+ un su/c*hn dcs+/<*4s ? un Mbssc. )cn *u h 2s lcgsslh b* 4s cbnduc+ b* hl *c)ublscss lus Du0nc.cu: un Dh/sd% /s ch. ch s+ )+.chsc+% <n3clc) ch s+ )*bsl+/chsc+ csns ch Cclus P*ch<nhl :
un Cc.h*% 2+c<ndu"4s blh.bn dsn )hn+ 4s dsn s)hd+: un lhccdc0bnshn Hgcsslhbs% hlc c+*us scn sn3c hu 0c*s h s+ 2sc cclc dsn <s <n ch* ch Dudscsb4slb*. sh* 2h) clc shlc <n cch h /s cDslb*: un Cbns hn sn ccl Mh*c% c<nd cbn2c*snd hu b*s h c cbncslsslb*% c<nd cb0hnd<nd bs slc: un Sus snshn d<nd h*0c 4s lcgs S0)c*sulus: un Mhhb0cd hl SS"lch cs snd 4s cucc*snd: un Hl2bnsb ccl M+*sns0bs% 2sc <n hchdc0sc% 2sc <n ch0)hnsc: un Ss0hsl Sh2s% hl c+*us *cnu0c dc <n3clc) h 2bs )ccc c h s)hdcs shlc /sc b*sbhsc: un K*hncssc S hl K*hn3cs% <ncbnDu*h dc <n/+3h3s 4s dc cb0hndh3s dc b4 s: un Ksls) hl SS"lch hl S)hnscs% ch*c h <ncc)u ch /s ch. 4s h s2<*4s ch )*udcn . Hcchs + nscsbdh + <ndchDuns l+udh + <n.cs *h*c cbns + dsn dbu+ 2hcul +3s c0sncn c? )*b0) s udsnc <n sn clsgcn3+ 4s 0h u*s h c <n Dudcch +: <n3clcgc*ch )*cccd+ hb +*<*ch% sh* sn clsgcn3h c hu*b*+ h )*udcn3cs. Un su/c*hn cu)*sn.+ b*% un Ch.s0s* ccl Mh*c hl Pblbnscs% .sc% <4s cs c <n bh c )*s/sn3clc cbn2b*0 ssc4s: sc 2+cch s +)<n )c b )*sn <n/+3+ u*+% ch s+ 2sc 4s )*sn )u c*c. Hugus us 4s"h <n0h *sculh 0hs <n <s b s0)c*sul <n ch)% sh* h)bs &"h 3snu <n )u0n. Dcschsdch 4s <nchsdch du)+ )lhc )b*3slc lus lhnusBA% ccch cc c*h b unh cu h 3snc <n 0<n+ chcslc uns/c*sulus% s +)<n )c *+.bbs 4s )c )hcc. C*h <n bh c )+*3slc h2*schnul Shcbb Hl0hn.b* B5 )*sn hu b*s h c 4s *c)u h3sc% )cn *u c+ bh c c*hu <n *"<nsul )*sn cunbh4 c*c.
BB
dbChl+ dsn sndblcn3+ 4s 0+*sns0sc dsn snscnssbsls h c. P*c/+".+ bh*ch nh u*+ 4s"h 2+cu /sc3us bh*clc scnssbslc% 0sDlbc nc<n *ccu )cn *u )+.s*ch lb*% 4s scnssbsls <s /*ch 4s )bls sch )c *cgss cs. Csnc bh*c nu /h 2s sc<*bs dc n+ <ngsh lus GhllscnusO Sc c+lchu <n )scsbh*c unclc )c hl clc /c4 slc )*bhs c dsn )*b/sncsslc *+sculh c% dsn *cgh clc )sc*du c% )cs c dbu+.ccs% sh* cl% lsns4 s % *+s)undch B'? >Ch% cc bsnc b s"b ducc0 2+*+ lcgu0clc dsn Cgs) Q Cc nc 0hs )hs+ hcu0 dc c<nc)h dsn K*hn3hO" B% g*cbhsc ncss03s*c% un su/c*hn s+ hsb+ g*sD+ ch s0bchsnss s+ 2sc /c*.s b hnul 4s s+ n"hsb+ g*sD+ ch s0)c*sul s+ <n2lb*chsc+Q S+ chu c sn/cn3ss ch s *ugu*ss s+ sc )+s *c.c dbs% *cs hns% 4s s+ nu"s )csc c+"4s )sc*dc 0bnh*hshQ s nu ls)schu lsngu4s b*s ncs)us dc )c*sculb4s ch*c <s )*bsl+/chu bh*bh*sh ch 0+*sns0sc 4s ncghsbbsh ch s h b*nscsc. s ncbb*+.h*ch lb* 0c*gc uncb*s h < dc dc)h* c% <nc< /b* s+ /<nd+ d*c) b 0h*c sub sls h c h )bls scss ccch cc nu"s dcc< b dc cs hbsl+ ncglsDcn3+. Nu cCss + su/c*hn ch*c% c< c <n /sh3+% s+ nu 2sc c*bu <n *c lsngu4s b*ss s+s% <n *c ccslhl3s blc*h : h)bs <ns+ /snc 2+c<nd d*c) h c hdc/+*ul h b sn cg*u. M+*sns0bs h 2bs Hugus us% hl c+*us nu0c c )ccc c h sns0ss shlc: cu bh c hs ch% &"h du*u h < dc 0ul 0hshc*ul lcgsunslb* *b0hnc dsn Gc*0hnsh% <nc< s.bch )h*dbschlh cu )scsbh*clc% 4s sc d+dch cu ch)ul dc )c*c3s% 4s s *sgh <n *unh? >Cc"hs 2+cu cu lcgsunslc 0clcA9% Gusn slsus #h*usO D+"0s <nh)bs sbldh3ss 0cs /s cDs. Cc s"h hlcs dc"h <3sh 4s"h < dc /hDnscs c+)s hnsO" N"h 0hs 2bs /+.u *<.<nd luns dc"h *<ndul 4s nscs 0<nc<nd .slc
<n *cgs. Hcchs h ssgu* c hdc/+*h + )bls sc+% sh* nu cbn *h*sc 0hscs +3ss. Nscsbdh + n"h c*c.u Rbd*sgb c+ )sc*.hnsh <s c*h h < dc h/hnsh +% nscs Rbbbh0 nu 4s"h bbsc*/h h < dc h)*bh)c *usnh. Pc ncg<nds c 4s"hu )sc*du dbn Juhn dc Lhb*s B& cb*bhnh% 4s Hs !hgcsA7 dshdc0h.
B' A9
Hccs su/c*hn cu)*sn.+ b*% )*udcn % sscuss % )+ *un.+ b*% /su% h cn % scnssbsl 4s% <n *"un cu/<n % <n3clc) h 2bs Ch blscul Kc*"nhndb% *cgclc cu cch 0hs 0h*c ch)hcs h c dsn c< c hu 2bs /*cbdh +% <n +*s + dc 2h) c% cCc*cs h + cu h < ch )*slcDu*s. S"h 2bs u sl+ 4 ssn3h 4s% cu bh c c+ s"h )*ssbss cu*hDul% h Duch 4s cu /sclcnsh. N"h 2bs nb*bcbs Kc*nhndb% cs )*udcn ? c+cs )*udcn3h c 0h0h buncs sb*3s: dc bbsccs c nb*bcs +% du)+ cu0 s0)*udcn3h c ncnb*bcs +? b3s su/c*hnss 2bh* c )*udcn3s hu 2bs 2bh* c nb*bcb4s. Dh* lh cc bun 0h*ch ch)hcs h c h unus dbn Juhn hl SS"lch hl Chs slscs% dhc+ nu c s<*gusn3+O C+ snch)hbslul Chsldc*sc lhs+ dc h.s )c 0<snc 0unch 4s sluDbh% 0c*s + 0ul3u0s*s% c+cs h hlcs <n *u 0hs bsnc: dh* ch )c*shnul Thh0hs)A6 s+ <ng*bh)c un hlcn su)c*sb* <n *<nd+/sc 4s <n /scsu% h 2bs /*cdnsc dc dss)*c3. Mhs 0ul *chls.ch.+ <n bh c h* clc b hbsls h c 0cdsbc*+ cu s<*gusn3+% dcc< un hlcn *h* 2+*+ ch. <nc*cdc*ch c 0h0+ h nc)+s+*ss% sh* hcchs h c )lhgh 0h*slb* sluDbh4s. #cs)hsshn A( h /*u ch 0bh* ch unus *cgc s+ sc )c *chc+ <n )scsbh*c 4s *c.bl/<nd *cbu*slc s h ulus? cu h < 0hs 0ul /sh3h. T+*+g+nh*ch <n *ccc bh c cclclhl c /scss lh un su/c*hn% h < )c cclc cc 3sn dc s*hscsbsls h c% c< 4s dc cbncu)ssccn3+. Hu 2bs 0ul3s *cgs 0h*s nu h < )*sn 0h*slc lb* <n.cs *+*s% c< )*sn nc<n *c*u) h lb* )*c.cn3+ hc s/+. Mh*clc Mbgbl hl Hsscs nu"4s hcb*d+ *+gh. <n *c.bl/h*ch *cbu*slb* dc s h nscs <n bsul cclb* 0hs 0h*s dss *hc3ss% <0bsn<nd ch *ul 2sh*clb* s+lbh scc cu hscul h*ch su)u4slb* s+s? /+.ul 4s"& <ng+dusc )c *ccc*ss% sh* hu.ul 4s"& )+s *ch.+ )cn *u h2lh*ch 4 s*slb*. R+u cs c c+ H0ulsus 4s DsbnsssbsAB hu /*u s+ 2sc *cgs 2+*+ s+ 2sc: dh* 4s 0hs *+u c+ #lhdsslh/ hl Pblbnscs AA 4s Bdbh*d hl HnglscsA5% 2ssnd% n"hu /*u s+ 2sc. Hccch sc nu0c4 c s*hnsc: hcchs h n"h*c nu0c. S"hu <n *ccu <n Kc*nhndb ch)hcs h ch 4s s<*gusn3+% s)*c"h hlc+ us un *cgc dcs+/<*4s % un 0bnh*h 0hCs0? )h *u.ccs dc hns h db0ns % 2+*+ h s*bss nscs unul% 4s h luc*h 0hs 0ul dcc< )h *u.ccs dc *cgs lhblhl +.
A6 A(
Thh"hsp6 <n b*sgsnhl% Th"s, c /b*bh dc Thh0hs) S% *cgc hl S*hnulus ;&B7("&B5AE% dsn dsnhs sh sh2h/sd+. Dcsphsshn6 C2. Suc bnsus% !p. cst., >#cs)hsshnus"% :.. AB H"ulsus6 *cgc hl Hlbcs% unchs hl Rhccs Ssl/sh% 0h0h lus Rb0ulus. Ds!nsss!s6 s*hn hl Hc*hclccs% c. 668 <.C*. AA Dlhdsslh hl P!l!nscs6 KlhdsslhN hl SS"lch. A5 Bd!hrd hl Hn#lscs6 Cduh*d ;CdNh*dE hl SS"lch Plhn hgcnc ul ;&695"&675E. &&7 PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL &&6
Un scc) *u c un )b0 <ncb*bnh % ch*c d+. d*c) *bhdc% ss)*+/s dc sch0+. <n3clch) + nh u*+ lc cc*c )lhn clb* shlc c< c un *bd )c hn? cc"s dc 0s*h*c ch 4s 2hs0h s+ lc )*c snd+ hcclh4s luc*u c*bslb* s+sO Zhdh*nsc bcu)+ bgb*ul 0<nd*ul s0bchsn s c*)% sh* *bnul *cghl un su/c*hn snu sl. Nu sluDc4 c dcc< ch )scdsc+ <n chlch hl ush ch*c h* <ncb*bnh *cgh ul cu c*cngslc *bdnscc hlc b*h3clb* shlc. Hlcsdul h <*nh dc )*hgu*slc 2hs0cs c< c un nbu *b2cu <n 2scch*c hn% bh lcul% bh hsd*h: c*bu 0sncsnbs. <n ch*c hn scss hu <nchs)us un su/c*hn hdc/+*h % dh b* 0c*cu cu nbs 2+) us*s glb*sbhsc. Hdc/+*h ul Hc*culc h 2bs Ch blscul Kc*nhndb% cu 0hs 0ul c ss)*+/s dcc< .slc: c<4 sgh c< c un *cgh )c hn% 4s &" h dbb<nds )*sn 0b4 cns*c )c ccl hl H*hgbnulus% )*sn .cs *c )c ccl hl Chs slscs% )*sn cu*hD )c ccl hl G*hnhdcs% )*sn nb*bc SndshA8% )*sn dsb+csc Nch)b"lclc% )*sn *clsgsc Nh/h**h 4s )*sn 0h*ch"s ch)hcs h c )c bh c. Ds/c*sc s<n 2h) clc 0+*c3c hlc unus *cgc. 4s bh c c*bscc. T*cbusc <0b*+3s4h c% cu0 2+cch )*s0ul c2hn hl Ungh*scs% nu )*sn hlcgc*c% cs du)+ )*slcD. Nu cclc )c ch*c s lc )*b)unch )*b)*sul )lhc lus HlcChnd*u ccl Mh*c% cs hcclch )c ch*c s lc cc*ch ncccss h ch /s ch.ulus HlcChnd*u Sc/c*us. H4h <nc< nu )c bh c lc *cducchu Gus h/ S hl Sucdscs 4s Hl2bnsb ccl M+*sns0bs hl Nch)blclus lh cu*hD? c+cs s<n 0ul c hl clc% 4s uncb*s dc 0hs 0h*c *c)u h3sc% dcc< cclc 0sls h*c. Mhs 0ul + glb*sc h 0c*s h Sus snshn )cn *u lcgs dcc< Hu*clshnus )cn *u h*0c. Mhs cclcb*u &"h 2+cu )c Kc*nhndb 2h) ul dc h 2s <n c0csh )*chsn c"g*ul% /sgslcn ul% shc*ul *sbunhl hl Snchs.s3scs dcc< hcclh dc h"4s 2s s h b*nscs 0bnh*hsh. s h c<4 sgh 0hs 0ul h./<*lsndu"s dsn S)hnsh )c c/*cs dcc< 2+c<nd"b s +)<n+ )cs c h < ch nh3ss A'.
A8 A'
Cclc hlc cu*hDulus hu 2bs h)lhudhbslc lh Ch*bl Gusn ul: cclc hlc Dus s3scs% u*gcn c lh Ksls) hl SS"lch: cclc hlc
*clsgscs% glb*sbhsc lh Ksls) hl SSS"lch: cclc hlc gu/c*n+*ss% c*bscc lh Ksls) hl S#"lch ccl Mh*c: 4s bh c lhblhl +% lh Kc*nhndb. Un *cgc nu *cbusc s+"4s <n *c*u)+ nscsbdh + hc s/s h ch% )cn *u c+ hc3sunslc shlc s<n 0h*s: <ncc <nd )*slcDul unb*h% *cbusc s+ *chc+ lh hl clc. Rcgulh hcchs h s"h 2bs bsnc 4 su + lus Cc.h*% b0ul cu sns0h cch 0hs <nc+)+ bh*c 4s 2ccund+. H uncs c<nd n"h 0hs h/u )*b/sncss dc su)us% h )b*ns s+ nc c.chsc+ 0un3ss. Du)+ cc h dh lcgs bh0cnslb*% h <ncc*ch s+ lc s0)un+ 2lu/sslb* 4s 0+*slb*. Ss)*+/snd dc *cs hu*h lu0ch% 4s"h )*b)us s+ *c2b*0c.c s0)ul. Hs 2cl% h cu0)+ns bsnc )*b2undul Chsus #cllcsus 59% hnu0c c+% du)+ cc s"hu ss)*+/s sluDbclc 0sls h*c% s"h ss)*+/s 4s cl. s 0bh* ch% ch*c &"h sc* h dc"h lungul h < b* hns dc )*s0cDdss <n *+.bbs% &"h g+ss <n nu0hs csncs luns dc bdshn+. Ss)*+/slc sc chch0+ unclc )c hl clc 4s"4s <nlcsncsc <ndc)lsns*ch. H4h 2+cch Sbls0hn% <0b+l*<ns <n 2h) c 0+*c3c /*c0c dc )h *u.ccs dc hns <n s0)c*sul s+u <n2lb*s b*. <n )*s0ul hn 4s"h hssgu*h
Cgs) ul% sh* <n hl dbslch h h+cus Ungh*sh. Nu s"h 0ul3u0s cu bcu)h*ch Rhbdbsulus% cs h n+.us nu0hsdcc< lh hccch h Mhl cs% sh* 0b s/ul )cn *u ch*c n"h cucc*s "b dc b h 2bs c+ cclb* dbu+ b*h3c hlc lus% )u c*nscc% dh* dc.bsnh c% lc"h ls)ss )*c.cn3h hc s/+ h unus ch) h < dc 0h*c. Sc*hsu*s <s c*hu *cgh clc cucc*s c% 4s Dbcu*s bsnc 0c*s h clc *su02u*s. B% 0bnh*h dc bun"gus Q Du)+ cc <ncc)c h sc dcdulcs lh 2h) c 0+*c3c% un su/c*hn nu *+0<nc 2+*+ nbs <ndclc nscs*s c*bscc. <n hccs 2cl% cc.h*ul s)hnsblslb*% Ch*bl% sc bdshnch dc unclc )*sn hl clc? dc lh u0sls*ch c*c scslb* *ccch lh s +/sls*ch u*cslb*: dc lh ch) u*h*ch unus *cgc% lh s.gbns*ch hl ush. Sh* cucc*s*slc dsn H2*sch c*hu /hchn3clc shlc dc Cu*b)h. Hcchs h c dc0nh 2blbssn3+ h c.hu*clb* *cghlc. R+u 2blbss c 0slsbhnc cclc hlc lus Nc*b 4s Chlsgulh% 4s bsnc )lhsh c )h*hlc cclc hlc h*hgbnc.ulus dbn Jhs0c. C<nd 2h) clc 0+*c3c s<n 2blbss bh*c% clc *cs s usc <0)*u0u u*slc cu dbb<nd+. Un 0+*c3 succcs clcc s/ hu h/u <n hcchs h *cgss Pb* ughlscs% dbb<ndsnd dcb)b *s/+ *cn c 4s bnb*u*s. P*chsscuss ul Kc*nhndb sc 2c*ch dc <n *c)*sndc*s dc4h* c 4s snu slc% ch*c nu s<n dc 2blbs% cs s<n ch)*scss% 0b*0<n )cn *u su)u4s 4s /ss sc*ss% cu0 c*hu cclc hlc *cgslb* Pcd*b hl Chs slscs 4s H*hgbnulus% h/<ndu"4s bb<*4sh 0hs 0ul <n db*sn3h <nc+)+3<nh + dc <n *ccc*c dcc< <n b)b* uns h c: sh* s2<*4s ul unb* hsc0cnch <n *c)*sndc*s nu c*h dcc< c+ h0bclc )+*3s% *cgss 4s *cgh clc% *+0<nchu scc+ us c. C+s+ b*sh lus Ch*bl hl #lSS"lch cu 2hs0h% 2+*+ c0cs% <nsch0n+ h c+u h sb3sc s+*hc+ 4s s ch*)+: 4s% <n *c dbu+ cC *c0c hlc hlcgc*ss% 0hs bsnc un su/c*hn l+s+ b* dcc< unul snu sl b*gblsbs. Hcn*sc hl S#"lch 0b s/h cu b 0sc dc 2blbhsc b hc3sunc% c<nd% ghscsndu"s u sls h ch sn *snscc+% )unch <nhsn c uncl clc. Hssgu*s s+n+ h ch *cgh ulus cu*+3sndu"& dc bhnc% shu dc *sss)c% shu dc .+d+*nscss. C<nd lc"hu ls)ss cucc*s*slc% unclc s h c s"hu <0bbln+/s dc *+./*+ s*s l+un *scc. Mh*c h2b*ss0 h 2bs b dchunh s+ 2hcs hn sdb dsn b *h/+. Snhc s/s h ch h 2bs ch*sul nb*bculus nc<n *c*u) hl S)hnscs% s./b*ul )c*cn hl /scsslb* lh Rb0h. >Nu c 0hs 0h*c du40hn dcc< s+ nu hs nscs unul"? scn sn3+ cu c.+ bh*c h lus Mc cllus5&% c<nd cu
5&
Ch* hgsnh% 4s ch*c h dc/cns dc.h0+gs*c )*sn cC)c*scn3h )+gubs bh*c. B b0hnss nu bbs4nushu s+ *+shsc+ 2+*+ *+.bbs 4s% schs0"b<ndu"4s du40hnss% lc sl+bchu cu*hDul )*sn <n *c*u)c*c% dh* cs <4s 0cn3snchu h*0h h 0c*cu <n2lb*s bh*c. Pu c*ch 0sls h*+ c bh.+ h *c)u h3scs% c+cs un su/c*hn dc.h*0h c un lcu 0b* % )c ch*c )<n+ 4s sc)u*ss <l snsul + 57. Kc*nhndb% du)+ cc"h ss)*+/s <n S)hnsh *+.bbsul <0b+ *<ns 56% nu 4s"h dc.0c0b*h cschd*bhnclc: s"h sluDs d*c) <n/+3+ u*+ dc 0sn c <ncc)u ul lus% cu nc)+s+ b*ul Rbd*sgb: lc"h 0u h h*cnh 4s% scb"3<ndu"4s h*0h clc dsn S)hnsh% h 2+cu dsn clc .sd /su *cgh clb* shlc.
s"h cunbscu 0h*ch )u c*c 4s h 4 su s+ 4s"b h)*ccsc.c: luhsc )ulsul 2b*3clb* shlc 4s h 4 su s+ lc 2blbschsc+: lc 0+su*hsc )c cclc hlc du40hnslb* s+s 4s h 4 su s+ lc )*c/sn+. Scb3<ndu"s )c s)hnsbls <n )*b/sncsslc s *+snc% s"h )*c2+cu <n lcs: h hc<ndu"s 0c*cu )c 2*hncc.s% s"h <n/sns 0c*cu 4s nu lc"h dh nscsbdh + bch.sc s"b )*c" <n <0)snc. <n3clcgch hd<nc nh3sslc 4s lc 2+cch )h)h*h du)+ gus ul lb*. Dh* <nsu4s*ch c0sncn + h hccs us 0h*c )bls scshn h 2bs hccch dc h 2hcc b dchunh *+.bbs cu )*h2 dc )u4c+ su*d5(% hdsc+ 2+*+ .gb0b ul )*s0cDdsbs 4s /hn hl <nh*0+*ss% 2+*+ .u*bhlc dc c2cc % ch*c"s <n4 ssn3ch.+ dsnhsn c )c hd/c*sh*s% <s s*s + )c ncu *s 4s"s *c.csc )c b3s. K+*+ h sc h2c*h% bcu)h b 2b* +*ch3+ <n H2*sch% un *cgh <n S)hnsh% b snsul+ <n bcchn% un b*h4 <n S hlsh% 4s bh c hccs ch cu s)*sn cnchlh unus lcu. N"h 2bs b0 ch*c s+ cunbhsc+ h < dc bsnc )*slcDul uncs hc3suns% 0b0cn ul )*sclnsc hl uncs h2hcc*s% b)b* uns h ch )cn *u bh c. Luh )h* c <n )c*sbhn+% shu )*sn cch h 0h*ss shlc cbnsbh* c% ch*c"& cghlh% lh hc3sunslc <nsc0nh c dsn+un *ul S)hnscs. #cs s + )*bblc0+ )bls sc+5B% hnu0c dhc+ su/c*hnul *cbusc s+ hsss c <n *"un ccn *u )*sn )*c.cn3+% 4s"n bh c )+*3slc )*sn )b cn +
57 56
ssnd <n *cs hns Hlbhnsh% S/s*sh% H*0cnsh% Pc*ssh% Mcsb)b h0sh 4s Cgs) ul. Bblcslh/ hl Pblbnscs s"h <n/sns )c )*u cns% shCbns% chsubs% )b0c*hnscns% )c Bblcslh/% *cgclc Bbc0scs% )c Sh*bslh/% ducc dc Nsssh% s0)un<ndu" 4s )u c*ch )<n+ lh 2lu/sslc Ts*h 4s Bb*ss cnc 4s <n+l3<nd cclc dbu+ cblbhnc dc 0c hl 58. Mh*clc Mbgbl h b+gh g*bh.h <n Hssh 0hhb0cdhn+ cu b) su c dc 0ss dc lu) + b*s 4s 4s"h h4c.h s0)c*sul <n *c cclc dbu+ 2lu/ss% Sndul 4s Ghngclc5'. B) .ccs dc hns h <nchsnh lu) cs <0)b *s/h 0hu*slb* /sc b*sbsul dbn Hlbnsb Cn*sFuc.% ccl dsn <s *cgc hl Pb* ughlscs% <n/sng<nd <n ds/c*sc csbcns*s b) *cgs 4s dcsc+)+3<n<nd"s )c 4h) c dsn *c cs. H cucc*s Ss0hsl Sh2s Pc*ssh% Mcsb)b h0sh% Mcdsh% Ch)hdbcsh% S/s*sh% H*0cnsh 4s Hlbhnsh89. Ch*bl Gusn ul s"h u0sls )c ccs 0hs 0h*s su/c*hns )c ch*c"s h/ch lu0ch? &"h luh )*s.bnsc* )c ccl hl K*hn3cs% &"h dcscu*hDh )c u*c% &"h /<*< <n <nchssbh*c )c ccl hl McCsculus% &"h )*sns )c Snch% &"h bs*us )c ccl hl Tunssulus 4s )c 0ul3s hl3ss. Dh* bh + hd0s*h3sh s sc <nchsn+ 0h*ss Sc0s*h0sdh% cch ch*c h <n c0csh Bhbs"lbnul? nc0ul3u0sndu"sc cu 2bh* c <n snsh 0bnh*hsc h Hss*scs% h cucc*s Cgs) ul% h h hch Sndsh 4s% cbnduc<nd un 0slsbn dc bh0cns cu dbu+ 0ss dc nh/c% &"h <n/sns )c h)clc 2lu/sulus Snd )c *cgclc S hu"*bbh cs8&: <n s0) cc"4s h*hnDh )+*ul% s sc d+du dc /cs c c+ Bhbslbnul sc *+sculhsc 4s% 2+*+ h"4s ss)*+/s )bdbhbh% 0c*sc% /+.u 4s <n/snsc.
H4h <nc< b3s su/c*hnss c*bs% ccs ch*c hu s+/<*4s 2h) c dc /s cDsc 0+*c3c% 4s"hu cbndus )c*sbnhl h*0h clc. s cs*culh un )*b/c*b )bls sc )*sn *c b b0hnss bclscb4s% hccs )*s0s cucc*s b*s% c+ /sc b*sh nu c dc)lsn+ dhc+ nu c dc 2h3+ 4s Mh*clc S +)<n. C<nd un *cgc <4s /cdc sbldh3ss% <s *+s)l+ c4 c% sh* )*c.cn3h lus 2hcc c< <nc+ b h*0h +. Cu nu0hs b su + 4s cu *cgcscul s+u cu*hD s"h <ncu0c h *cgclc dbn Pcd*b ccl Mh*c hl H*hgbnulus s+ sc b)un+
58
... cclc d!u c!l!hnc dc "cthl6 Tbh c dh clc dsn )h*hg*h2ul hccs h% )*c.cn h c cu dcs ul+ h)*bCs0h3sc% hu 2bs culcsc dc G*hcs1n dsn c+*3s )*ccu0 cch h lus M. P. S *hns2s% Rcspu!lsch B!hc"shc, L!bn% &A6(% ch*c sc g+sch <n bsblsb cch lus Lhs" hnbsh. 5' Mhrclc M!#!l...6 Ph*hg*h2ul hccs h c dcs2sgu*h dc g*c4cls <n cds3sh )*sncc)s% *c)*bdus+ <n BP"BG.BC S% 2+*+ nscs b cC)lsch3sc. U*0+0 cC ul clh*s2sch dsn HH"BG.BC. ). A7b? >H c**b cl Hssh 0hhb0c hnh cl G*hn Mbgb* cbn bchbcscn bs 0ss cb0bh scn cs ! hscn A sus0)c*sb cn *c lbs dbs *sbs Sndb ! Ghngcs". 89 Hl!hnsh6 <n c)bch *b0hn+% nu0clc unus 3snu dsn Hssh dc sud"/cs % )c cbhs h M+*ss Chs)scc% cb*cs)un.<nd <n 0h*c H.c*bhsdDhnulus hc uhl. 8& Sc"srh"sdh... Sth-u!!htcs6 Pc*sbnhDc lcgcndh*c% c+*b*h <ns+ G*hcs1n lc hcb*d+% ch 4s <n hl c ch.u*s hsc0+n+ bh*c% *chls h c ss b*sc+ ssgu*+. &&8 PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL
8?
Ncpst!rul C!nsthntsn6 Cbns hn sn hl @l"lch Phlcblbgul% ul s0ul <0)+*h hs Bs.hn3ulus ;&(('"&(B6E. ccs d!s Lud! scs6 Ludb/sc S hl Pblbnscs ;&659"&687E% dsn dsnhs sh dc HnDbu. ch*c h db0ns 4s <n Ungh*sh% dsn &659. Ludb/sc hl H"lch Jhgscllb hl Ungh*scs ;&B&A"&B7AE. 8( Shp!r6 Sh)b* S% *cgc hl )c*4slb*% sc u*c+ )c *bn <n 7(9 <. C*. 4s <ncc)c s+ h hcc )*b/sncsslc *b0hnc% n+/+lc4 c <n Mcsb)b h0sh% cucc*c4 c Ch**hc 4s Nssssbss% hDungDnd )<n+ <n Hn sbhsh. Gb*dshnus hl SlS"lch *cu4c4 c s+ *cs hbslchsc+ g*hns3h )c Cu2*h . PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL &&'
86
Th0c*lhn% <nchss <n cu4c+ dc hu*% )cdch)s+ )c 0+su*h s+lb+ scscs shlc: h unus nc2c*scs #lhdsslh/% *cgc hl Pblbnscs% )+c+ls dc sbh* +% *+u s2+ us dc hs s+s% /sc b*sbs <n/sns% )*c2+cu <n nscb/hl+ h sh hghnclb* scnscc*c4 s: h)bs h unus dbn Hl2bnsb hl H*hgbnulus% dss)+*u lh K*hgh% dcbh*ccc ns0cns nu s"h* )u ch l+udh c+ h /+.u un *cgc h*hgbnc. <n/sns 4s 0b* : h)bs h unus *cgc K*hncssc hl K*hn3cs% .ss Mh*clc dbh* )cn *u ch S)hnsh s+ hsb+ un 0h*c ch) s/: h unus Scbhs shn% sbh*c ccls)sh lh *+s+*s dc lunslc h2*schncO H lu) h Cc.h* bsnc ch s+ hDung+ <0)+*h % sh* #hlc*shnus *+u ch s+ nu 0hs 2sc. Hl0hn.b* h cucc*s S)hnsh )*sn c+)s hnss s+s 4s H2*sch h )+s *h "b cl <nsu4s. Mhs 0ul c /sc b*ss h dbb<nds <0)+*h ul Ch*bl Gusn ul hbscn dsn *<ndul b4 slb* shlc dcc< )*c.cn . Unss *cgs hu luh )h* c lh b+ +lss ch s+"4s *sdscc 0bnh*hsslc% dh*% b dh + s h b*nscs c% n"h* 2s 2bs db/hd+ dc )*udcn3+ s+ *s4 c b ul. P*chnb*bcbsul *cgc dbn Mhnucl hl Pb* ughlscs nu sc ducch s+ chu c /sc b*sslc <n H2*sch 4s"n Hssh% c+cs /cnchu clc lh d<nsul 4s"s sn *hu )c )b*3s% sh* B*scn ul h /cns s+ s sc )*bs c*nc.c lh )scsbh*c. Dh*% <n *c hccs c dbu+ cC *c0c% )*ch)*udcn ul Kc*nhndb h g+ss 0sDlbcsh? nscs s+ u0blc b s0)ul ch Hhd*shn% nscs s+ lcnc/chsc+ )*ccu0 Ghllscnus. Nu 4s"h s hbsls cu* ch <n nscs unul dsn b*h4clc S)hnscs% 2sc )cn *u c+ nu 4s"h cbnssdc*h 0bnh*hsh dc2sns s/+% n+.usnd )u*u*ch lh 0hs 0ul % 2sc dsn Dudcch h )*b2und+ dc h nu 2hcc ch) b nh3sc 4s )scsbh*c hl h. Punc h < dc /*cdnsc dc h cn3sc% <nc< dsn hcchs + )*scsn+ )bls scscnss *cgs hs Chsncs hu dcsc0nh dbu+ b*h4c% Pc2sn 4s Nhn2sn% d*c) scdss hlc 0+*c3scs lb*% lu<nd sch0h c<nd lh )*b)*sh lb* cb0bds h c% <n hl c*nh*ch )b)hsu*slb* <n *h)b* cu /s *cgsslc /*c0ss% c<nd lh ssgu*hn3h su)u4slb*% 2+c<ndu"4s"s cghls <n 2h/b*u*s 4s *hngu*s. <n bh c 0bnh*hsslc h cCss h <n b dchunh un ccn *u *cgcsc hl )u c*ss. Hu 2bs hs 2cl unclc b*h4c% )cn *u c+ 0bnh*hsh <n clc h <ncc)u . H4h h 2bs Rb0h? ch) hl 0h*clus cs s0)c*su 4s% h)bs% hl <n *cgss lu0s: c0)b*su
<ncb*bnh hl u u*b* bbg+3sslb*% dcs2+ +*slb*% 0+*c3sslb* 4s 0snunslb* shlc: 0h0+ uns/c*shl+ h nh3sslb*% ch*c h hDuns s+ hsb+ csncs 0slsbhnc dc su2lc c. Hl clc hu 2bs )*sn hlcgc*c% 3sn<nd sch0h dc 2blbhsc% 2sc hlc )bls scss% 2sc hlc ccbnb0scs% cu0 h 2bs Cbns hn snb)blul% 0hs <n <s hl s0)c*sulus c*c4 sn% h)bs hl hcclush b b0hn% hlcgc*ch sh db/cdsndu"sc% 4s )*s0h% 4s h dbuh bh*+% ns0c*s +% <n *uc< hccs b*h4 s0)c*shl c ss uh <n ccl 0hs bun lbc dsn lu0c% lh hb h*clc Cu*b)cs 4s Hsscs% db0sn<nd 0h*ch CuCsn+ 4s P*b)bn sdh% chcsc h h0bclb* 0+*s% ccn *u hl )*b/sncsslb* T*hcscs%
*cgsn+ h b*h4clb* Cu*b)cs% )*sn 2*u0usc3ch h4c.+*ss shlc% )*sn <nlcsns*ch )b* ulus% 0+*c3sh cds2scsslb*% bbg+3sh cb0c*3ulus% bcl4ugul cb*+bsslb*% 4s cu* c h Mh*clus Tu*c. Cu* c s"h n+scu 0h*ch Nsns/c <n ccl dsn <s s0)c*su hl lu0ss% ccl hl hss*scnslb*% 4s h < dc 0ul h c*cscu % <nc< h hDuns s+ 0+sbh*c *cs .slc dc d*u0% du)+ Ds/snh Ss b*sc. S"h luh cu ch lh <n *ccc*c Bhbslbnul% cu* c h su/c*hnslb* chldcs% cu cclc b su + dc )b*3s dc b*bn.% .sdu*s dc csncs.ccs dc cb3s l+3s0c 4s )cs c dbu+ su c <n+l3s0c% cu cclc *cs 0ss dc u*nu*s hlc shlc. L"h .sds Sc0s*h0sdh% &"h 0+*s Nhbucbdbnbsb*% 4s <nc+ h < dc 0ul % <nc< H*ss b cl *clh ch.+ c+. du)+ cc h 2bs cucc*s 4s Dc2us % b )h* c dsn cl h h2lh "b hbsh du)+ *cs .slc 8B. Us <nd <ns+ cu*3slc dc 0ul us h clb* s0)c*ss% Ph*ssul h 0c*s h s+ 2sc cc h c dc schun h *cgslb* s+s )*chc*c4 sns dc 0hs bsnc dc b 0sc dc hns% dh b*s + <0bcl4ug+*ss )+0<n ulus s+u% cu )cs c dbu+s)*c.ccc 0ss dc h4c.+*s lh .ccc lcghc dc .sdu*slc shlc% 2ssnd hs +.s ccl 0hs 0h*c b*h4 hl c*c4 sn+ +3ss? Lbnd*h. <n Hnglsh% )*sn h *hc3sh c<0)scs 4s )*sn h)clc nh/sghbslc hlc Th0sscs. 2lu/sul s+u: #scnh% <n Gc*0hnsh% )*sn )u c*c 4s c*cdsn3+: S bc2hbl0ul% <n Sucdsh% )*sn 0snunch gbl2ulus 4s 2*cc/cn h*ch )b* ulus s+u: C*hcb/sh% <n Pblbnsh% <0)+*3s + <n hl clc *cs% /cs s + )*sn 4cblslc 4s )u c*nsc+ )*sn chs clclc shlc: Mbscb/h% <n Mbscb/sh% )*sn c*cnul s+u s+n+ bs% undc nscsbdh + n"h )u u )+ *undc csu0h% h < dc )b)ulh +% <nc< sc nu0+*+ )*sn *c cclc )h *u 0hs 2hs0bhsc dsn Cu*b)h: Thu*ss% <n Pc*ssh% <ncununh cu g*+dsns% udh dc b 0sc dc s./bh*c% sc+ldh dc un hc* d+ + b* dc s+n+ h c 4s h)*b/s.sbnh cu b sbsul dc dclscss: Ch0bhlu. <n Th*" h*sh% cu un cb0c*3 h < dc sn cns% <nc< <n cl sn *+ hnuhl c< c b 0sc dc ch*c cu 0+ hsc dsn Chsnh% bs*usndu"lc )c bh c )*sn sb0) ub.s h ch 4s 0hgns2scscn3h )hlh ulus s+u: Sh0h*chnd% lh 0bngbls% <0bbg+3s 0hs <n <s cu bh c )*+.slc dsn Hssh <n *chg+% 4s cu h < h 0+*c3sc% <nc< <n cl sc h2lhu dc bbsccs 4hs.ccs dc 0ss dc chs? Kc.% <n Bc*bc*sh% ccl 0hs 2*u0bs 4s 0hs )b)ulh dsn H2*sch% cc h c <ncsns+ 4s chsh* )+ *uns+ dc b*h3clc *<ulus cs% c0)b*su *cgcsc dc ls c*c 4s bbg+3ss. Kc*nhndb h l+sh hcchs + hlcgc*c <n sch0h nb*bculus u*0h4slb* s+s% ch*c% b dh + s h b*nscs + 0bnh*hsh% hu hlcs Mhd*sdul% 2ssndc+ c ccn *u hl S)hnscs 4s dh b*s + c*cnulus s+u shlub*u.
8B
Lh hc3sunslc dsn h2h*h S)hnscs% ch*c n"hu 2bs cclc 0hs )u3sn glb*sbhsc% hsss h% dhc+ nu )*sn )*c.cn3h% )*sn cbnducc*ch sh% <nc*cdsn3h + unb* c+)s hns 2hs0b4s% /scc*cgs )*udcn3s% h0bhshdb*s h cn3s% c*cscu3s lh 4cbhlh sh% hbsbl/cn3s hs hlcgc*ss shlc. Hcchs + 0h*c sluDb+ h db0nscs nu sc )bh c cCc*cs h dc unul ssngu*. C <0)+* +4s + <n *cgss sc*ss dc 0sns4 *s% ch*c s<n *cgs nc0sDlbcs3s. Cc 2blbs c+ su/c*hnul c cCcclcn <n ssnc% dhc+ hDu bh*clc lus <l dssc*cds ch.+O C*h *cgc lu0snh S cnbn hl SS"lch hl Sucdscs8A% Lsh* /scc*cgss s+s nc/*cdnscs l"hu <n uncch . Ch*bl dc HnDbu c*h )l+cu )*sn <n.cs *+*slc shlc *cgc4 s? h 2bs dc cs h dsn )*scsnh sncchs +3ss 0sns4 *slb* s+s% <n hsc0cnch 0+su*+% <nc< h )sc*du *bdnscul *cgh hl Sscslscs. <n hcch sch*+ 0c0b*hbsl+85. Hsu)*h ch)ulus sc"hbh g*c4clslc shu succcsclc cclb*lhl c 0+dulh*c subb*dbnh c. Hu cCss h *cgs% <n *u ns0sc h/hn hDh3s dc )*b)*sh lb* )c*sbhn+% dh* ch*c hu dc/cns cC *c0 dc cclcb*s dh b*s + c0sncn3cs 0sns4 *slb* lb*. Cs l"hu 2+cu nc0u*s b* )c Sus" snshn? Nh*scs 4s Bclssh*sc% <nh*0h3s? Tcb2sl 4s T*sbbnshn% bgh3s. s% ds0)b *s/+% hu cCss h *cgs c0sncn3s <n ssnc% dh* ncnb*bcb4s )*sn sns *u0cn clc db0nscs. Slus *h Mh*gh*c h h 0c*s h )*sn )c*sbhnh cs s+ 2sc *cgsn+ h Dhnc0h*ccs% Nb*/cgscs 4s Sucdscs? n"hu 0c*s h "b <ns+ <0)u c*nscs3ss s+s% 4s ch 4s" h )sc*du *cgh clc. s c )+ch s+ )sh*+ sncs s0hbslh *c)u h3sc *cghl+ h unus 0hCs0 Ch*lbs <n S)hnsh% nu dsn /snh lus% c+cs n"h h/u "b% cs dsn hccch h gu/c*nh b*slb* s+s hh sh3s. Un *cgc cu 0h*c ch)hcs h c 4s"b db/cdc4 c% <n cbnsccsn3+% 4s )*sn 0h*ch"s 4 ssn3+ dc"h hlcgc. Dbn Cn*sFuc hl Sll"lch hl Chs slscs ;hcclh ch*c sc 2+lch c+ c 0h*c c<*0us b*% 4s cu hdc/+*h h 2bs E <s )*c3ush cC *c0 dc 0ul )c 0sns4 *ss cCcclcn3s% h < <n h*0h +% c< 4s <n gu/c*n% 2ssndc+ lc 4 sh <nsc0n+ h ch. Ksls) hl SS"lch% ccl )*udcn % <s 0cn3snch b dchunh <n *"b dc)cndcn3+ 0c4 c4ugs +% c0)c*<ndu"lc 0ul clc s)c*hn3c cu cc/h
8A
&77
sh ss2hc3ss% c+cs c b h* + <n ssnc hccch dc h 4 s s+"3s cbnducs 0sns4 *ss% s+ 3s"s 2hcs 4s s+ 3s"s )+s *c.s.
Unss h *sbusc nb*bculus 2h) ul c+ un *cgc h*c 0sns4 *s buns? cs c <ns+ 0hs 0ul % 2sc )*udcn3+ <n h 4 s s+"s hlcgs% 2sc 4 ssn3+ <n h c )*scc)c s+"s 2hcs. Un *cgc <n3clc) nu nu0hs <s hlcgc buns% cs <s 4s 2hcc% <s 2b*0ch.+% <s <n/h3+. C+ s<n )b *s/s3s nu 3snc dc su/c*hn: h cunbh4 c dhc+ s<n % dh. B0ul )bls sc <s 2b*0ch.+ )bls scscns. Ludb/sc hl @l"lch hl K*hn3cs lc s0)*s0h chsh* 4s bh0cnslb* 0hs dc *<nd% )c ch*c"s sbcb ch cl 0hs 0hnc/*hbsls 4s 0hs dbcsls% s)s*s ul s+u )bls sc? sn clsgcn3h sh <n h dcscb)c*s% /sclcnsslc shlc <n h )*c/cns% dsb+csh sh dc h ncgbcsh% h* h sh dc h sc )u* h. Ccl /s ch. 4s cCc*sh <n h*0c <s scbh c 0h*s *+.bbsnscs: cb* ul <0)+*h ulus Ch*bl Gusn ul h 2bs sc0snh* dc c+)s hns /cs s3s. H s+/<*4s luc*u*s 0h*s dc unul ssngu*% 4s <nc+ 0hs 0h*s )*sn cs: nb*bcul s+u cC *hb*dsnh* <s 0bls)sch 4s"s hDu h. H4h <nc< )bls scshnul Ludb/sc <s 2hcc )bls scscns: b+ +sbsul dbn Jhs0c% /s cDs: <n3clc) ul Ch*bl 2*hncc.% <n3clc)3s: c<*0us b*ul Cn*sFuc hl Chs slscs% 0h*s c<*0us b*s: s2<n ul Kc*nhndb% d*c)3s: )*udcn ul Ksls)% )*udcn3s: <0)+*3s b*ul dc d*c) h c dbn Jhs0c hl H*hgbnulus% <0)+*3s b*s dc d*c) h c: 4s 0h*clc Ksls) hl S#"lch hl S)hnsslb*% )cn *u c+ c b ul% h h/u un 0snss *u% /*chu s+ .sc un h*hs0snss *u% )c cCcclcn sss0ul scnsb* dbn Ghs)h* dc Gu.01n% cbn c"ducc dc Bls/h*cs88% c0sncn <n b ul% 0h*c 0snss *u hl 0h*clus 0bnh*h: cu hdc/+*h u*sh4 cu b su + dc b*h3c% b su + dc <n3clcgc*s% b su + dc )*udcn3c? c+cs 2+*+ <ndbshl+ cc*ul h )*c/+.u % )cn *u cclc 0hs 0h*s )*s0cDdss hlc hccs cs ch blscc 0bnh*hss% )c ccs 0hs 0h*s b+*bh3s. Sh* 2h) ul c+ lu0ch <n *chg+ s"h cbnDu*h <0)b *s/h cs nu h 2bs dcc< )cn *u ch <n.cs *+*slc *cghlc 4s cclc duchlc s+ shs+ lh lu0snh uns/c*shl+ h <n *cgulus cbs0bs 4s h u u*b* /chcu*slb*. Ccch cc <ns+ &"h hDu h ccl 0hs 0ul )c Kc*nhndb s+ 2sc un su/c*hn dcs+/<*4s <n nb*bc 4s cu*hD hu 2bs slus *clc 4s c*bscclc
88
<n.cs *+*s hlc nscsc<nd <ndchDuns clbgsh cs *cgsnc dbnh Sshbcl% ch blsch lus cbnsbh* +% hcch 0h*c )*sncs)cs+ ch*c% dc4s 2c0csc% h dc)+4s ls0s clc unus b+*bh . Mul bsnc hducc 2c0csh cch bun+ 4s )*udcn +% du)+ cu0 cch s0)*udcn +% 0ul *+u. Mh0clc% dsn *cs)cc % sb3sslc% dsn d*hgbs c% 2+) uscsc 0ul <0)*cun+ cu su/c*hnss. Mcsh cch <n3clch) + 4s cu0sn c h )u u % h < c< h *+s % s+ hcb)c*c% dhc+ nu s+ <n2*1nc.c% 0bns *ub.s +3slc lus Hclsbghbhl% nc)b ul cs. S2<n h <0)+*+ chs+ Clcnh h *c.+0ssls <n *u c*c4 snss0 4s"n *u bh + /s* u ch )c 0h*clc <0)+*h Cbns hn sn. C< s0) h *+s c*cdsncsbhsh"s 0h0+% K*cdc*sc <0)+*h ul8' h 2bs hl ul. Mh*c )h* c dsn c*bsch s2sn3cnsc h lus Ludb/sc hl S@"lch hl K*hn3cs sc dh b*c4 c <n/+3+ u*ss s)hnsblcs db2scs Blhnch% 0h*ch lus 0h0+. S2<n h h*hgbnc.+ dbnh Sshbcl% nc0u*s bh*ch *cgsn+ h Pb* ughlscs% h 2bs b*hcbl dc /s* u c 4s )hcc <n *c *cgclc dbn Dsns.'9% .ss N+scbcs b*ul% sb3ul cs% 4s )*sn3ul dbn Hlbnsb% .ss ccl b*h/% 2sul cs. Cu dsscs)lsnh cs *clsgsbhs+ b <n/sngch )c cch 0sls h*+% 4s cu )sc h ch cs% h dcs *+0h cschd*bhnclc <nh*0h c hlc unus h + <0)b *s/h unus 2su 4s hlc unus 2su <0)b *s/h unus h +. c*ucs <0)b *s/h c*ucslb* 4s s c0+ <n csncs'& h0cnsn3<nd s c0h <n csncs. Nc)*c3us h nbhs *+ *cgsn+ 4s dbh0n+% dbnh M+*g+*s h dc Hus *sh'7% bbg+3sh cch 0hs 0h*c h S)hnscs% h c+*cs s2<n h h0sn s*c c )u*u*s )*bhs)+ + <n )l<nsul nccu*0h % &"h 2+cu 4s 0hs s2<n )c sb3ul cs 4s h u0)lu lu0ch dc b succcssunc ch blsc+ dc h lhn3s hs c*cdsn3cs% dc cblu0nc hlc *clsgscs% dc sb*s hs c*c4 sn+ +3ss. Kc*scs su/c*hnul )c ch*c b 0h0+ )*udcn + 4s s2<n h <l hducc h dbuh bh*+ lh lu0snh /s* u3ss 4s% ch b u*sbhsc+ c*c4 sn+'6% <l )l+0+dc4 c cC c*sb* 4s l+un *sc.
8'
Cu bh c hccs ch <n /bsn3h unus su/c*hn bbs4nusc4 c s+ )*ccu0)+nchsc+ 0hs 0ul d*hgbs ch sn cns+ h uncs sb3ss dcc< cch *cs)cc ubhs+ h uncs 0h0c: 0ul b*h lc"hu dh s *+lucs*c cbnsbh* clc lb* 4s )c 0ul3s hl3ss s"hu dssc*cds h . S"h /+.u hcchs + dcbscbs*c lh *cgclc dbn Juhn S hl H*hgbnulus% )c ch*c )*s0h sb3sc &"h 2+cu )l+cu /hshlslb* s+s% sh* h dbuh dc cs hbsl. Lh scCul hccs h )hssunslc db0ncsc dc bbsccs <n hsc0cnch 0+su*+% <nc< nu 0hs lhs+ lbc s2h ulus% *+bd+*ss% )*udcn3cs% )+*3s cscn3shlc hlc c<*0us*ss% sh* s*hnsh lb* s)b*c4 c cu )u c*ch. Dh* 2c0csh ch*c% cb*cc <ndu"4s 2s*ch% h dc/cns <n3clch) + 4s )*udcn +% h 2bs hs 2cl <n chs) nc<n *c*u) 4s% dc bbsccs% 2c0cslc 2bh* c b+*b+ bhsc hu 2bs 2bh* c )*udcn c. Hssgu*<ndu"sc dc bunh ch)hcs h c h cbnsbh* cs shlc% un su/c*hn <s )bh c dh )*slcD s+ cbdb0nchsc+% dh*
b dchunh cu 0bdc*h3sc. K+cch c< dbs 0h*clc *cgc dbn Rh0s*b S hl Chs slscs% hDu h dc )*udcn3h 4s cu*hDul *cgsncs dbnh U**hch% sb3sh sh. s <nc+ 4s 0hs 0ul *cgclc dbn Juhn hl LT"lch hl H*hgbnulus% dc c+ *c *cgsnh dbnh Juhnh: <4s <0)+*3chu h0<ndbs 0unch? <n s0) cc *cgclc cbnducch bs slc <n *"un *cgh % *cgsnh <n *unch cu*3slc <n ccl+lhl 4s. ch lun+ s *+lucs bh*c% su)lsnch hbscn3clc )*chbcu)h ulus *cgc. Nu c 0ul s2h ul uncs 2c0cs% dh* bun: )cn *u c+ nu &"h u*0h . s"h )sc*du *cgclc dbn Juhn% ul s0ul hl Nh/h**cs'(% c<nd h* ss *cbus s+ sc 0cn3sn+ *cgc )*sn s2h ul hcclcsh ch*c &"h 2+cu *cgc. C bsnc ch un su/c*hn s+"4s 2c*chsc+ hu b*s h ch dc b3s. dh* s+ ccdc.c <n 2h3h *h3sunss <n ch.ul b*scus% 4s 0hs hlcs <n ch.ul uncs cbnsbh* c <n3clc) c 4s s2sn c. B sb*+ )*udcn +% cu0sn c 4s sscuss + )bh c s h 2bh* c bsnc )c lbcul uncs sb3ss shu 0h0c. H4h h 2bs % cu dbn Cn*scb S hl Chs slscs% lu0snh h *cgsn+ h Lcbnulus% dbnh Bc*cnguclh% sb*h lus% <nc< % h < h s0) c< s"h s h hl+ u*s% Chs slsh s"h bucu*h dc lsns4 c. <n S)hnsh hu *ccu <n b dchunh d*c) b+*bh3s 2c0cslc /s*slc% sh* <n chsh dc Hus *sh clc hu 2bs 0c*cu )*c3us c 4s 2blbss c. Rh*+ 4s ssngulh*+ <n *c bh c h 2bs ch blsch *cgsn+ dbnh Sshbcl% cu b ch)hcs h c h < dc 0h*c% <nc< % hl+ u*s dc cch h unus *cgc h < dc 0h*c% h )u u s+ sc 2hc+ nu nu0hs cunbscu +% cs s+ 4s s *+lucchsc+. S"h db/cds 0hs <n <s c<nd &"h hlcs% h)bs c<nd &"h )*c3us . Kscch*c dsn *c ccs dbs )u ch 2hcc un sccbl dc hu* 4s b db0nsc )*ch2c*scs +% cu h < 0hs 0ul h0<ndbs lhblhl +Q
Kc*nhndb h hDuns undc )u3sns hu hDuns% lh )unc ul cC *c0 hl )bls scss% 4s hnu0c s+ 2hc+ dsn gu/c*nh*ch lus dc)cndcn3+% hs 2cl <nc< 0bnh*hsh s+ 4 sc c+ h*c ch nc/bsc dc cl% 4s nu ds0)b *s/+: hccsh4s ch*c l"hu hlungh cu sng*h s udsnch lb* l"hu s0)lb*h cu *ug+0sn3slc lb*: l"hu g+ss Dsgns % dh* )*udcn % 4s hu sbcb s d*c) un *+u 0hs 0h*c s+ 2sc ls)ss3s dc Dudcc+3slc lus ns0c*s c dcc< s+ sc su)un+ sndsgnh cs shlc )*udcn3c. Pu3sns su/c*hns hu hDuns lh glb*sh hcchs h: 0hs nu0c*b4s hu 2bs ccs huls3s dcc< ccs db*s3s: 4s dhc+ dbn Shnchb h 0c*s h <n Chs slsh hccs *cnu0c% h 2bs 0hs 0ul <n c0csul uncs bsnc cbncc)u c s)c*hn3c dcc< hl uncs cC)c*scn3c <nc+*un3s c. N"h hDuns Ts us s+ <0)lsnchsc+ ccs 4hsc hns buns% 4s chsh* b) s0s% hs lus Nc*b. Unss hu 2bs *+)s3s <nhsn c ch *+u h ch s+ lc s *scc bunh Dudcch +'B. #h*sc h ch c 0h0h )l+cc*ss shu ccl )u3sn h hlsn+*ss% sh* schs0bh*ch su)c*sb*slb* h 2bs 0c*cu h)lhudhbsl+. 2+*+ h bbsc*/h c+ nc4hnsh cclus cc ss)*+/c4 c sc *hns2b*0+ dc bbsccs <n hl h dc hl sbs lh hcclh ch*c <ncc)c. Ssngu* Kc*nhndb h 2bs )*s/slcgsh cu hcchs + uns/c*shls h c% 2cnsC hl hu b*s +3ss% ch*c h *cn+scu <n *u ch <nc+ b dh +% 2ssnd h)lhudh ch unsc. S"h <n b*s <n Chs slsh cu *su02 <n *c)u h3sc 4s% clbgssndu"&% un 0h*c b0 )bls sc h hDuns s+ s)un+ c+ lchcul hccs cs 0bnh*hss% dc"h* 2s dcc+.u cu0/h% nu h* 2s hl ul dcc<l s+ <n/sc.c *cgclc ch blsc 4s s+ b *cs hu*c.c. <n c0csh +'A% Kc*nhndb s"h )*cbcu)h s+ b dcs+/<*4chsc+ <n bh c gcnu*slc dc )bdbhb+% cul u*+ 4s )c*2cc3sunc )bls sc+. Rb0ulus h <n c0csh Rc)ublsch *b0hn+: nu s"h dh )*slcD s+ b dcs+/<*4chsc+ 2sc <n bh*cc*ch )cdc)scs 2*h c*nc% 2sc h0+gs b*ul )*c0su hl Scnh ulus: bblsgh3sh hcchs h h *+0hs )cn *u u*0h4s? c+cs nu c cch 0hs )u3sn <nsc0nh + *cgul+ h )bls scss s+"& lh4s )c succcsb* <n chs) glb*sbs bblsgh % s+"s lh4s b c*bsc+ bblsgh3sc. Sn 2clul hccs h s"h *c.s Sbls0hn% <n+* )u3sn cC)c*s0cn h % 4s% cu *+scbhlh lus Gh.cl 4s h 0h0clucslb*% s"h )*c2+cu % dsn *"un 0scl bl<nd lh <ncc)u ul db0nscs% <n *"un lcu 2u*sbs hl h*0h clb*. H /cns % h4hdh*% Nu0h% 4s h sn *bdus *clsgsh% dc4s 2hls+% ch 2undh0cn hl b*sc+*cs c<*0us*s. H n+scbcs .cs 4s cul % shcc*db3s 4s
1
shc*s2scss. S"h u*0h Tullus Hbs slsus% 4s h dh 2ssn3+ h*0h cs% hd+ug<nd cu*hDulus dsscs)lsnh. H)bs% Hncus h <0)bdbbs b*h4ul cu .sdu*s 4s )bd 4s h <n c0csh cblbnsslc. Du)+ cl% P*sscus h <n +*s 0hscs h ch *cghl+ 4s )c cch h 0hgss *h3slb* cu lcgs 4s <nsc0nc. <n cclc dsn u*0+% Sc*/sus h s hbsls /cns u*slc Rc)ublscss% bs*u*slc 4s s0)b.s clc% ch*c% 0bdc*h c% s<n nc*/s hs )+s *+*ss cs% dh*% cCccss/c% hs *u sncs. H4h <nc< Rb0ulus 2+u*c4 c 0bnh*hsh% 4s ccslhl3s b duc 0hs dc)h* c 4s b dcs+/<*4csc. Ccch cc b3s hcc4 sh hu 2+cu )cn *u 0bnh*hsh dsn S hlsh% Kc*"nhndb h s+/<*4s ssngu* )cn *u cch dsn S)hnsh. Cl h 2+cu "b *clsgsbhs+% cu*+3snd"b dc unss 4s dc ccslhl3s ncc*cdsncsb4s 4s *sdsc<nd <n sl+/s *sbunhlul shc*u 4s /sgslcn hl Snchs.s3scs. Cl h 2+cu "b /s ch.+% hduc<nd lh cunb4 sn3h cclb*lhl c nh3ss s *+snc cu*hDul s)hnsblslb*% cu b*usc+ ulus*c <n 2h3h )u c*ss lb*: 0hscs ubhs+% duc<nd lh h)bgcu hu b*s h ch *cghl+% h < dc ncsbcb s + 0hs <nhsn c% 4s chsh* dss)u h +: bbgh +% nu dsn *sbu u*s% cs cu 2lb clc shlc% 2lu/ss )c*cnc dc hu*% h*gsn % )c*lc 4s hl c bbg+3ss cc sn *+"n 2scch*c hn dsn Sndsh: <n3clch) +% hduc<nd lh ch b+*bh3s dbc3s 4s *cnu0s3s <n ls c*c u0hnc 4s ds/snc: <n s2<*4s % nb*bcbhs+ <n b sbsul dc dcs+/<*4s*s 4s dc cul u*+. H4h <nc< % )*ch)*udcn ul Ksls)% nc)b ul s+u% b0hgssndu"s )b* *c clc% hd+ugh? >Lus <s dh b*+0 b ul."
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'5 '8
Rtcsndu3sc lh *nt!hsc6 Hnccdb + )*cluh + dsn G. Bb c*b% Dcttt "c"!rh!sls. 1c"hnd!6 Hscs <ncc)c% du)+ Kc**h*s $!p. cst., ). 69(E% cch dc"h csncch 4s ul s0h )h* c h b)c*cs? >Uns/c*shls.h*ch 4s subls0s.h*ch lus Kc0hndb Ch blscul ch 2bndh b* )c*2cc hl 0h*ss 0bnh*hss s)hnsblc". '' C!nsthntsnulus6 Cbns hn sn hl @l"lch Phlcblbgul% ul s0ul <0)+*h bs.hn sn. &99 Chl!hhncs6 <n b*sgsnhl% Chl!-hncs, <n /cchch b* bg*h2sc s)hnsbl+% shu Chl!37hncs, <n cch 0bdc*n+. Dc4s h0 2bs cn h3s s+ *hnsc*sc0 Chl!shn shu 1hl!s!hnncs, h0 )+s *h 2b*0h u sls.h + dc G*hcs1n% dcbh*ccc sdcn s2sch*ch )c*sbnhDulus nu c dclbc u4bh*+. Cb0cn h b*ss c*cd% <n 0hDb*s h ch lb* ;/c.s C. Sh*0scn b% hn. cst, ). &'BE c+ c /b*bh dc Sbhn Cb0ncnul% <0)+*h bs.hn sn <n *c &&&8 4s &&(6% n+scu <n &988% c+*ush <ns+ nu s s"h* )u ch *c)*b4h% <n c*0cnss lus G*hcs1n% cbn *sbu3sh lh dss *ugc*ch s0)c*sulus. s 0hs )u3sn )bssbsl+ c sdcn s2sch*ch cu 3h*ul /lhhb"bulgh* lbns3+ Chlbshn ;&&'5"&795E. P*bblc0h *+0<nc dcschss+. &78 PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL &7'
g*cccsc% )*sn ncb+gh*ch lus dc sch0+. H )sc*s 0bnh*hsh hss*sc"nslb* cu Sh*dhnh)hl% )*sn dcs2+ +*slc lus: cu Hs !hgcs cch h 0c.slb*% )*sn s*hnsh sh: cu Dh*sus cch h )c*4slb*% )*sn nc)+sh*ch lus: cu Rbd*sgb cch h gb3slb*% )*sn dcs2*<nh*ch sh: cu Cbns hn s"nulus cch h g*ccslb*% )*sn snch)hcs h ch sh. #b* d+snus /c4nsc 2+3+*nscsh lus Tsbc*su% snDus s3sh lus Chlsgulh% nc*b.sh lus Clhudsus% s*hnsh lus Nc*b% luCu*h lus Hclsbghbhl% ncss03s*ch lus Ghllscnus. ncdcs bsnscsh lus Ch*bl 2*hncc.ul% c*u.s0ch lus Pcd*b chs slshnul% sndblcn3h lus Shnchb )b* ughc.ul% 0<*4+/sh lus C*s2 hl S#"lch sucdc.ul% sn2h0sh lus Mhu*cgh b &9&% <nc+)+3<nh*ch lus K*cdc*sc&97% b*bs*ch lus Hcn*sc hl #LU"lch. H* *cbus s+ *c0u*c 0c*cu b*scc 0bnh*h lh g<ndul c+ h* )u ch 2s hl+ u*h uncs 4lch c h < dc b*sbslc. Hl ch *u )*chhugus h*c 2hs0h% hl bnbh*cs% hl c*bss0ulus% hl s *+lucs*ss 4s. <n cl. 2clu*s c cb*u*s% du)+ c0sncn3c 4s *c)u h3ss% 4s <n bh c h 2bs hd0s*h Kc0hndb cu h)lhu.c )cs c 2s*c? <n hcclh hl uncs shc*c )sc +3s ch blscc% l<ng+ un Tcbdbssc% Hcn*sc% B b 4s Rudbl2% )*s0ss cu hccs c nu0c: h0bss Kc*dsnhn.s. <n <sul 4s hl dbslch. <0)+*h3s: <n *c Rcch*cdb. Bh0bh% Pclh!b. dbn Kc*nhndb 4s Ksls) hs *cslch hs S)hnscs? hl+ u*s dc Clb/ss% Ch*bl ccl Mh*c 4s Ludb/sc hl S@"lch hs K*hn3cs: hl+ u*s dc c2hn S hl Ungh*scs% Hcn*sc S hl Sucdscs% Blh/ S hl Nb*/cgscs 4s Ch.s0s* hl Pblbnscs. <n ccl hl /s cDslb*% l<ng+ Sulsu Cc.h*% dbn Jhs0c Cucc*s b*ul% Th0c*lhn% Gcnghss"hhn% Mhhb0cd hl SS"lch% Ch*bl Gusn ul% b*h/ul Scls0% Sbls0hn 4s Hcn*sc hl S#"lch hl K*hn3cs. <n ccl hl 0hgnslb*% l<ng+ un HlcChnd*u% Cbns hn sn% Ch*bl ccl Mh*c% Hl2bnsb hl Lll"lch 4s Ksls) hl S#"lch hl S)hnscs. <n ccl hl <n3clc)3slb*% l<ng+ Ss0hsl Sh2s. Ch*bl hl #"lch hl K*hn3cs% Hlbc* hl Hus *scs 4s dbn Shnchb hl S#"lch hl Nh/h**cs. <n ccl hl )bls scscnslb*% l<ng+ un Ludb/sc hl @l"lch hl K*hn3cs% c2hn B1 hb*! hl Pblbnscs% Mh cs Cb*/sn hl Ungh*scs. <n ccl hl )*udcn3slb*% l<ng+ un Sus snshn <0)+*h ul% MhCs0slshn S% Gus h/ S hl Sucdscs 4s Ksls) hl SS"lch hl S)hnscs. <n ccl hl 0+*sns0b4slb*% l<ng+ Nsnus S hl Hss*scs% @c*Ccs hl Pc*sscs% Bc h/shn Hugus 4s dbn Hlbnsb
hl Nch)blclus. <n ccl hl cclb* subs3s? l<ng+ Hss)hnus% ch*c s"h dh S)hnscs nu0clc s+u: Ts us% )b*ccls dcs2+ h*ch nch0ulus b0cncsc: B b hl SH"lch% .ss 0snunch lu0ss% 4s dbn Shnchb ccl Db*s . <n ccl hl )*ch" nb*bcb4slb*% l<ng+ un Nu0h Pb0)slsus% Ksls) Mhccdbnchnul%
&9& &97
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DSSCCRNTBRUL
H&A(AP
C# D1SCKC01
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B
cc"t!r, dhc+ <l g+sc4 c )*scc)u % hcchs h 2ssnd <n.cs *h*ch nh u*ss% 4s hccch h h* cs 4s cC)c*scn3cs. <l <n/h3+ )c un b0 s+ 2sc dcs+/<*4s <n b ul: )*sn hcchs h nc <n/h3+ )c b3s. Cu0sn c% <4s <n c0csh.+ dbc *snh )c cCc0)lc dc b+*bh3s /cs s3s dsn bh c /chcu*slc: c+cs% <n sl+bscsunch nbhs *+% /s* u ch 4s 0+*sns0sh hu nc/bsc b dchunh dc s s0ulcn . S slul cs c lhcbnsc 4s h < dc s)s*s uhls.h % <nc< % lh 2cl ch b cc c 0hs shc*u% h*c )<n+ 4s <n )unc uh3sc
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Dc /h 2s s+ <n <nc4 s )c /*cunul dsn *c hccs c gcnss /hDnscc% c+ )*sn *c 0ss 4s 0ss b /h 2s 2ssnd /*cunul% chsh* dc"h* 2s s+"& chu3s cu 2+clsh <n )lsn+ .sA(% )*b2s + dc )*slcD% bucu*+" c dc dcs2+ +*slc bsnc cbh) c hlc c*uds3scs? c+cs dhc+ cc*c0 cu 2bh0c c+*3slc sngcnsbhsc 4s dsscc*n+ bh*c% cu dclcc h*c s+ sh/u*+0 <nsc4s b*hcblclc dsscc*nc*ss% cC)*css/s +3ss 4s )*scc)c*ss. Nc <0)sngc b dchunh s+ c+u +0 )c hl ul cbncu)ssccn3h )*b)*sc% 2sc sn c*csh +% 2sc <nchs)us +% hscs <ns+ )l+cu + )*sn ch*hc c*ul hg*chbsl hl <n/+3+ u*ss% )*sn 0bdul h)c sshn hl bbsc*/h3scs. Nu 2s u dsn *c hccsh ch*c" 4s )s.0usc4 c )*b)*sh )b2 + dc h 4 s% dbh* ch s+"s dssc*cds c.c h)lhu.clc ccluslhl ch*c"& <n/h3+. Unss sc <n b*c dsn c0)b*sslc lu0ss <n chs) lh 2cl dc bh*bh* cu0 hu )lcch ? csnc n"h luh cu ssnc ch)hcs h ch nu b )bh c hducc )lsn+ dc cunb4 sn3c: hu dus cu cs )u3sn+ cu)*sndc*c 4s% ch h h*c% hu 2+cu )u3sn u. dc bbsc*/h3ss: dsscc*n+ b*ul <ns+% hsc0cnch 0ul3u0s cs hlbsnc% /snc <nchsn<nd ncc h*ul 4 su b*% )c ch*c &"h hlcs dsn b cc c 0hs <n2lb*s % hdsc+ dsn 2lbh*ch h b cc c. Nu c h0b*b.sh )cn *u gus ul )*bs ulus 4s nscs cunb4 sn3clc hccs ch /*cdnscc dc )*c3us*c nu sc g+scsc lh bh0cns /ulgh*s? c+cs lh cs nscs gus ul% nscs cunbh4 c*ch nu scs nscsc<nd dsn cb lbnul lb*% nu 2hc un )hs dsncblb dc cc lc /snc lh nhs. Hl3ss <4s )lhsch.+ 2c*scs*ch <n )<n ccc% nu shu dsn /sh3+ dcc< 0<nch*ch% hdsc+ luc*ul ccl 0hs Dbsnsc% nu *ccu*g lh 2hcul +3slc su)c*sbh*c 4s nscs nu lc 2blbscsc? *<ndh/+ *+sc4 c cugc h*ch% snu sl+ 0bh*c sn clsgcn3h. H4h sc 2hcc c+ 0ul3s nbbsls nu hu hl 2blbs 2h3+ dc ccslhl3s dcc< <n bbscc clc ss03u*slb*% ch*c s<n )h* ch cch 0hs nc<nsc0nh + h /sc3ss% *+0<n<nd lh 2cl dc s+*hcs <n sn clsgcn3+% )c c< dc bbgh3s <n bunu*s s+*hcc. #sh3+ dc b0 nu *+sc4 c dcc< hcclh ch*c 4 sc. Ju0+ h c dsn /sh3+ b )c *ccs cbn/c*s<nd. C*uds3sh 4 su bh*c c un bs)+3 dcs2+ + b*
hl )*scc)u3slb*. s sc dcs sn+ hccs *clsc2hs cclcs 0hs 0h*s dsscc*nc*s gus ulus cclus 0hs bun hl cCcclcn sss0ulus 0h*chs. dc Cblh*cs% dbn Jc*bns0b dc H hsdcAB% 2ssndc+ s"h 0bdclh du)+ 4 su bh*ch"s c*uds3sc. <0)lsns*ch /cnc*h3scs 0clc 2s"/h <n *"b bun+ .s dbc h s *+lucs*c h <ndclc nscs*ss shlc% nc0u*s*ch b)c*clb* lus.
A(
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DSSCCRNTBRUL

<nc< ncccss h ch s+ /sblcn c.c 2b*3clc% dh* nu h2cc clc% 4s chsh* h uncs schs0bh*ch c )*cccdh + dc bh c <0)*cDu*+*slc ch Dus s2sch*c% ch 0h* b*c c+ nu c ncs h b*nscsc% cs u*gcn3+. Hccs c 2luc uh3ss nu sc <n <lncsc nu0hs lh )c*sbhnc% cs 4s lh /s* u3s% ch s+ 2sc <n b ul hsc0cnch. Rc0h*chbsl+ sncbnscc/cn3+ cch h lus Dc0c *sbsAA% bsnc /c4 cDs + dc 0ul3s. C*h <n 2scch*c .s hl ul% sh* <n *+.bbs cu b ul ds2c*s dcc< )c s0) dc )hcc% )cn *u c+ <n hcclh c*h ccn *u hl u u*b* /s* u3slb*% sh* <n hcchs h hl u u*b* /scsslb*% h4h <nc< <n *+.bbs 2+cch )hcc cu /s* u3slc% 4s <n /*c0c dc )hcc lc dcclh*h dsn nbu *+.bbs? <n *"h < h <l )b schs0bh )c un b0 ls)sh dc bcu)h3sc shu 0unch. Dh* cc sncbnscc/cn3+ 0hs 0bns *ubhs+ dcc< hccch h lus Nc*bO Nu s"h <n/sns )c ssnc <nsu4s% cs h ch)s ulh . Unss buns <n ssnc sc <n *cc s+ 2sc 0hs buns% ccch cc c b 0h*c bs*usn3+ h )c*2cc3sunss: hl3ss <ns+ nu s<n <n/sng+ b*s dc ssnc% cs <n/sn4s% )*cd<ndu"sc s *sc+csunss. Dhc+ sncbnscc/cn3h h* 2s dsns)*c *+u s)*c bsnc% h* 2s bun+% sh* dsns)*c bsnc s)*c 0hs bsnc% 4s 0hs bun+% dh* <ndcbb4 c 0c*gc s)*c s *sch*c% c+cs *+ul <l /cdc0 b dchunh dsn 2h3+% sh* bsnclc dsn s)h c? *clclc /sn 4s cclc bunc sc duc. Ms sc /h s)unc c+ bh + lu0ch hcchs h nu c dcc< sncbnscc/cn3c 4s c+ 0b*hlul sc sh du)+ nh u*hl. <nsu4s )+0<n ul. ch*c sc su0c"3c4 c <n 0un3s% sc u0slc4 c h)bs <n /+s% c+u <ndu"4s cch 0hs 0h*c 2*u0usc3c <n cch 0hs 0h*c /h*sc h c h sh. C bh*c cc/h 0hs sncbnscc/cn dcc< s0)ul% ch*c sc <ncununch.+ c<nd cu 2lb*s% c<nd cu chscsu*+O s b uns/c*sul cs c b /h*sc h c uns/c*shl+% ch*c <n cclc dsn u*0+ dc/snc h*0bnsc. s h uncs% dhc+ b0ul <nsu4s c b b lu0c )*cscu* h +% cc"s dc 0s*h*c c+ <ncs2*ch.+<n ssnc /h*sc h chO Nu /h 2s u*<3cnsc% cs b )c*2cc + )*b)b*3sc cb0)us+ dsn sncbnscc/cn3c. Nu cCss + <ns+ dcs+/<*4s*c <n /h*sh3sslc su2lc ulus% ch*c nu sc )b *s/csc cu cc*ul. Mhs sus dc lun+% nu s<n schs0b+*s. <n 0h c*sc dc cu0sn3cnsc% b*scc 2luc uh3sc <nsch0n+ u*<3cnsc. H c*c4 c <n *u bsnc c s *+lucs*c% dh* h c*c4 c 4s h dcsc*c4 c c ncbunsc% sh* b*scc /ulgh*s h c% sncbnscc/cn3+. .S<n bh0cns h < dc sncbnscc/cn3s <n cb0)b* +*s% h < dc ds2c*s3s dc cs <n4s4s du)+ )*slcDu*s% <nc< <4s dc.0sn )*b)*sul c*cds 4s nc dcscu0)+ncsc Dudcch h: <n unclc ss uh3ss% g<ndcsc c+ .bbh*+: hl cb*s nu ss0 4s nu sc
clsn csc. Hs +.s b ul lc scsc bsnc% 0<snc

AA
b ul *+u% c+cs )<n+ 4s sn clcc ul 4s nb*bcul lc s<n sncbnscc/cn c. Undc nu <nch)c scu.+ c <ns+ <n ch.ul /bsn3cs% c+cs c c*s0+ h lsbc*ulus h*bs *u% sh* hbh c*ch cs nu c dc)h* c dc bh c*ch c<0)slb*. Cc nu lc scsc h.s dsn ch) chlc+ 0<snc <n )scsbh*c% <n *uc< n"hu nscs ch)% nscs )scsbh*c. P*sn hs h <4s 2hc h < dc su)+*+ bh*c b/+*+4sh% <nc< 2ug b3s dc cs% l+s<ndu"s nhsbss% ch s+"s <n3clchg+. M+*ss dc h0+*+csunc <s )*ssbsc4 c b cc"s ls)sc4 c ch s h b*nscsc% hs 2cl <nc< ccs cc s sc"nc*cdsn3ch.+ 2+*+ s ch <4s g+scsc )scs*ch. Khs0h 4s"h 0u h ncg*c4s lh Ghnd2h n!n plus ultrh3- s+u dc c*bscs h c% dc c*cdsn3+ c*c4 sn+% dc dsscc*nc*c% cul u*+% bun+/bsn3+% h)lhudhbsls h c 4s 0+*c3sc <n hccs dbs c*bs cbnsb*3s% cCcclcn sss0ul scnsb* ducc dbn K*hncsscb dc Bb*DhA5 4s cCcclcn sss0h duccs+ dbnh H* c0ssh dc B*sh 4s Cblbnh% 0h*ch 0ch s +)<n+: )h* scs)<nd slus *u h01ndbs lh cclc dbu+ glb*ss s *+lucs c hlc lb*? c c*nul blh.bn hl s h b*nscscs lb*% <n b cc cs c *clsc2% <n b cc c h)lhudhbsl% <n b cc c nb*bcbs 4s <n b cc c dcs+/<*4s % 0c*cu hccsh4s 4s 0c*cu c*bscs.
A5
sc*sb.s h c% ch 4s )cn *u b0cncsc% b*+ )cn *u snc 4s b*+ )cn *u ccslhl3s. B*scc hc3sunc <4s cc*c 0b0cn ul b)b* un: nu *cbusc nscs h0cs cch c% nscs s.blh c: sc cu/snc s0)ul )b *s/s u u*b* *cbu*slb*% uncb*s <l )*sn.s% 4s uncb*s *ccc. B+*bh ul u u*b* cls)clb* c s +)<n )c bh c gus u*slc 4s cs c c+u h dc b3s dsscc*n+ b*ss. Nh u*h &"h 2+cu )c b0 un cb0)cndsu h b cc cs c nh u*hl? 2hc+ hsdb0h h* h dsn b cc 3snc dc 0b*hl. Nc2c*scs + 2s*c ccl cc sc dcclh*+ b0 hl uncs ssngu*c <ndclc nscs*s% 2sc ch 4s unsc+% bh chsh* cch 0hs subls0+: c+cs dhc+ h* 2s /ulgh*+% /scsu bbs4nus hl u u*b* sluDbclb*O Sbldh ul nu 4 sc s+ s ch dc /b*b+ dcc< dcs)*c ch0)hnsslc lus% 4s ncgus b*ul dcs)*c c<4 sgu*s: b3s <4s 2c*csc hu.ul dc uns bn% h cn3sh dc bb*h.nsc: 4s% dhc+ ccdch.+ uncb*s% b 2hc <n *"b cbnDu*h3sc h .c2lc0clcs. Tb dchunh /h*sc h ch h 2bs <nc<n + b* dc )l+cu +% sh* hscs 0+guls bh*c. S<n unss% 4s chsh* 0hs 0ul3s% )c ch*c nu *cbusc s+"s chu3s dcc< )cn *u un ssngu* luc*u% 2ssndc+ dc dbu+ nu s<n buns: s<n hl3ss c+*b*h b dchunh *cbusc s+ lc h sngs un )unc 4s s+ lc /b*bc4 s dcs)*c un ssngu* subscc ? nu 4 su s+ shs+ dsn clc. bh0cns hs uncs ssngu*c 0hnss% Ssss2s hs cbn/c*sh3scs% ch*c lh)sdch.+ cu b sdcc 2sC+. T*c0u*+ dc 2*sch lb*% cu d*c) cu/<n % b*scc dsscc*n+ b*% c+cs dhc+ un )*bs dsn hg0h lb* sc n+)us c4 c hsu)*h *+bd+*ss lus. hDungc s+"s dch 4s Dudcch h )*sn )sclc 4s% dc ch0h uncs <0)*cDu*+*s h < dc )cnsbslc% *</nc4 c 0hs dcg*hb+ ssngu*+ h ch s ch*)+ 4s *+sc4 c l+un *sc ch <n /chcul dc hu*. S0sn chl+ dc cs hbsl+ h unb*h% csc+lchl+ su)+*+ bh*c% dc ch*c <s c g*bh.+ b*sc+*us bun gus % *ug<ndu"nc ch Du0nc.cu s+ nc sch)c dc b0ul unus ssngu* ncgb3% 4s ch s+ nc <n *c3snc0 cu cl% 4s ch s+"s cc*c0 cc/h. Nc dcs)+gubcsc dc cs unss )*sc cns uns/c*shls% ch 2s*c 4s sngcnsb.s h c% bh0cns )cn *u bh c b*clc% b dchunh bsnc/cns3s 4s ns0c*s3s. Unul 2hcc c< 0ul3s% )c c<nd dsn *c ccslhl3s% b 0sc nu 2hc nscs c< unul ssngu* 4s c nc/bsc s+"s <n0ul3c4 s% b*h b*s h0scul% cu su)+*+ bh*c sc*/s u c. Hcchs + uns/c*shls h c dc ss03s*c 4s sn clsgcn3+ nh4 c dsn *"un s)s*s cu)*sn.+ b*% cu n+.usn3c s)*c sn2sns : un 0h*c gus )cn *u b % c+cs nu"s h* + /ulgh*+ 4 ssn3h dc h c bucu*h dc luc*u*s% 4s b bun+ dbb<nds*c h b cc c bun. Gus )*hc sc c ccl )cn *u g*+dsns% 0hs bun ccl )cn *u cds2scss: nbbsl ccl )cn *u )sc u*s% ssngulh* ccl )cn *u )sc *c )*c3sbhsc% cc*cc h*ch hn schs +3ss% c*uds3sc 4s h)lhu"dhbslh ss b*sc: su)c*sb* u u*b*h% 2slb.b2sh cu0sn3slb*. Dh* bh c hccs ch s<n c0sncn3c )h*3shlc% c+cs b uns/c*shls h c )c*2cc + *cbusc s+ 4s lc hdh) c.c )c bh c.
&AA
Dsscc*n+ b*ul nu *cbusc s+ sc *c.u0c lh b ssngu*+ bcu)h3sc% nscs s+"4s 2sCc.c gus ul hsu)*h unus ssngu* bbscc % c+cs <nsch0n+ s+ 4s"& ls0s c.c <n chs) nc2c*scs : cc*ul &"h 2+cu nc0+*gsns % &"h c*cscu 2+*+ hb h*c: s+ nu sc *cs *<ng+ ssngu*% nscs s+ nu sc ls0s c.c. Mh*s bh0cns ccs sndc2snsbsls% <n /s* u ch 0h*ss lb* )lu*hls +3s dc )c*2cc3suns. S<n hl3ss h < dc ls0s h3s% c+ <ndh + lc h2ls gus ul% 2sc ch s+"& )*c<n <0)sns% 2sc ch s+"& 0+gulc4 s% <n *uc< nscs nu sc l+*gc4 c% nscs nu sc *+s)<ndc4 c. H uncs c<nd cc*ul h /*u s+ d+*ushsc+ un 2cl dc 0<nch*c% h g+ s 0hnh% cs2*u hl u u*b* dclscsslb*% <0buc+ u*+ )cn *u bh c )lhcu"*slc% <n h c+*cs uns/c*shls h c h )b *s/s "b )c cch h bunulus gus . H /b*bs 0c*cu g*h/ )*scsnusc4 c su)+*h*c: h glu0s b s0)ul% dss)*c3: h 2slb.b2h <n *ss ch.+% sh* h sh s*s.h 0c*cu sndss)unc. Mh*clc C+)s hn h 2bs 0h*c )*b b s) hl dsscc*n+ b*slb*: lh )hlh sc )u* h dc )h*c+ nscsbdh + n"h* 2s 2bs <n ch0)hnss% sh* <n ch0)hnss% ch 4s cu0 nscsbdh + n"h* 2s *+s lh cu* c. Nu lh 2cl ccl+lhl % nu 0h*c sbldh % cs 0h*c )*bs % 4s ch*c% sn/s h 2ssnd dc b nbbsl+ dbh0n+ s+ dhnsc.c% lh s0)ul )b *s/s % hdsc+ lh b sc*h +% 4s"h scu.h sgnb*hn3h 4s 4s"h dh )c 2h3+ ncghsbbsh% .sc<nd c+ cl nu sc )*scc)c s+"4s 0s4 c )scsbh*clc <n )hlh % cs dbh* s+ dch dsn 0<sns )c c<0)ul dc lu) + 5&. H uncs ch s+*s% du)+ cu0 <s c*h 2clul? >P+s db0nulc% )h*c"0s"sc c+ h* 2s bsnc ch <n /*c0c dc )hcc% /<*< <n *"un shc% s+ c h <*ns ch b h*0u*+% <n h4 c) h*ch )*slcDulus"% bh chsh* <s )*b)usc cu* cns bh*c 4s hl lbc 0hs b*dsnh* 4s 0hs 0c*s h . Cunb4 sn3clc nu sc s <nDcncsc unclc )c hl clc% nscs gus u*slc nu sc cbn *h.sc: <nch) bh c <n *"un ccn *u 4s )cn *u bh c c /*c0c cu )*slcD. Unss nu hu hl + b*+ dcc< )c"h lb*% 4s b dchunh <4s bchcsc 2blbsul )*b)*su. Cu0sn clc *cbusc s+ hsb+ b b*+ )cn *u ssnc 4s 0ul c )cn *u )*sc cnss hlc4s. Pcn *u bh c *cbusc s+ hsb+ s0)% 2+*+ nu0hs )cn *u nccu/ssn3+: 4s nu /h 2s su2scscn + scu.h sn/bch + dc csnc/h <n *"b ss uh3sc 2bh* c u4u*h sc+% 4s hnu0c c+ csnc c sbcb s cu0sn c .suh nu /h 2s sbcb s )*bs nbh) ch. H4h <nc< % )*chcul ulc hl 0cu #snccnsb% /sh3h 2scc+*ush nu c hl cc/h dcc< un s)cc hcbl *hgsc 4s cb0sc% sh* hnul <ncc)c cu H*scs 4s sc c*0sn+ <n Psscss% hDung<nd s+ sc cu0)+nchsc+ nb*bcs*slc cu ncnb*bcs*slc% cb0scul cu *hgscul. Unul ssngu* *cbusc s+ sn c*)*c c.c bh c *blu*slc% lh /*c0ch 4s )*slcDu*slc lb*% c<nd )c ccl cu *<sul% c<nd )c ccl cu )l<nsul% c<nd )c hl cu0sn clus 4s% uncb*s% )c hl )*bs ulus% cu ch*c sc 4s <nchcsc% cu u4u*h*c 4s h)lhu.c% *c)*c.cn h3sh. B% )*chdsscc*n+ b* P*b cu57 hccl 0h*c )hssbnh hl nbs *u% cCcclcn3s ss0ul dc Lc0bs56% <n hl c+*us gus bsnc <0)+*3s <4s hu lbcul bh c <ndclc nscs*slc lsbc*hlc 4s <n h c+*us c*bsc+ uns/c*shls h c <4s hu *<nd b3s c*uds3ss% cul3ss 4s dsscc*n+ b*ss: dbc ul 4s 2slb s0ul% )*clh ul 4s ch/hlc*ul% u0hnss ul% ss b*scul% 2slb.b2ul% )<n+ 4s )*ch" sub slul cblbg: c*bu cu hdc/+*h uns/c*shl )cn *u b*scc s0)% )cn *u b*scc gus 4s )cn *u b*scc sluDb+Q
5
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5(
s)*sDsn 4s chsh* h)lhu.c lh <ncb*bnh3ss dcl2sns s *+sns. HUTBRUL? H < c dc )u c*nsc+ b h*0bnsc% 4s 0hs hlcs cu h < dc dulcs cbnsbnhn3c% cu0 hu 2bs cclc hlc 0sn3ss lus )*bdsgsbhsc. DBCTBRUL? S)unc*ch dc hdc/+*u*s h hDuns s+ 2sc <ncbndcsh + cu nu0clc dc )*bs sc. HUTBRUL? Bh chsh*% ch s+ nu )h*+ 2sc cb)sl% 2sc )*bs % ns0cns nu /*ch s+"& 0hs s)un+% <n *uc< nu 0hs c lh 0bd+: 0hs s<n )c lu0c dbh* c< c/h *cs u*s dsn cl% 4s <nc+ 4s hccs ch s<n dc./+lus c ch un 0ss c*% cu cc*c0bnsc 4s )*cchu3sc. DBCTBRUL? Su/c*hnslb* ls sc h*h + b dchunh 2slh . HUTBRUL? Cs s+ cugc c <ns+? lc c"n Dbc )*+bu4s*ch shu <n+l3h*ch. DBCTBRUL? Hdc/+*+ h ch c b 2ccsbh*+ )c c< dc 2*u0bhs+% )c"h < dc *u4snbhs+% d*c) ch*c u0bl+ 0c*cu hcb)c*s +. HUTBRUL? Su/c*hnss s+ b dcscb)c*c cu 2slb s0sc% c+cs cs *cbusc s+ 2sc <n 0h*c 0+su*+ ghscs b*s dc hdc/+*u*s
4s clh*/+.+ b*s dc dc.h0+gs*s. Cu c< 0hs 0ul ls sc s)un )*sn *c dsn3s% <nsch0n+ c+ lc s<n dh c gh h 0cs cch c% ch s+ sc 0ss usc 0hs bsnc 4s s+ 2sc 0hs dc 2blbs. s dc.h0+gs*ch cs c )bls scshn+% u0bl+ dc bbsccs c<nd sc <ng<n+ .suh cu nbh) ch% 2sc ch s+ sc *c *hg+ <n bc.nclc lsngu4s*ss% dhc+ d+ dc )*bs sc% 2sc ch s+ )+4chsc+ <n lu0snh hdc/+*ulus% dhc+ d+ dc cu0sn3cnsc. DBCTBRUL? Mc*s + s+ /c.s% <h *"b <n *ccc*c dc )*scc)u3s% .+bh/h unus cs*cu0s)cc 4s h cn3sh unus )*c/+.+ b*Q Hcclh bchc4 c% hccs h g<ndc4 c% 4s 0hs hlcs <n dc.h0+gs*s. HUTBRUL? Dh% c+cs <n3clcgc*ch *cbusc hdh) h + ss uh3sslb*? <n cclc 2h/b*hbslc% s *<ng<nd 0c*cu h+3u*slc c*c.+*ss: <n cclc bdsbhsc% d<ndu"s 2*<u lsbc* 4s chsh* )sn cns. C< <nhsn ch.+ lsngu4s*ch% lh ccl cc /b*bc4 c% h < h s+ b dch <nd+*+ shghcs h ch% lh ccl cc hscul +% c+cs b dchunh *chls h ch h 2bs 0hs )u3sn dc Du0+ h c dsn <nchs)us*c.
5B
H"ks!nulus n!stru hrh#!nc06 Hlu.sc lh Hn bnsb Pg*c. ;c. &B6'"&A&&E% 2su nh u*hl hl lus Gbn.hlb Pc*c.% )*s0ul *hduc+ b* hl Bdsscss*n ls0bh s)hnsbl+% b0 dc s h % 0snss *u hl lus Ksls) hl SS"lch. C+.<nd <n ds.g*h3sh *cgclus% c cbndh0nh lh 0bh* c% dh* b *c/bl + )b)ulh*+ <l hDu + s+ 2ug+ 4s s+ sc *c2ugsc.c <n K*hn3h. <n &B'8% lh Ph*ss% )ublsc+ b ch* c Dus s2sch s/+% Rclhcs!ncs, 4s b hcblb% 4s <n hcclh4s hn% )ublsc+ 4s un 2bh* c s0)b* hn c)ss blh* ;Ch* hsE. G*hcs+n <l cb0)h*+ cu Hn<2sbn% dcbh*ccc% h4h cu0 hcclh *sdschsc Tcbh cu 2h*0ccul c<n cculus s+u% lh 2cl 4s Hn bnsb Pc*c. c<4 sghsc bun+/bsn3h su/c*hnslb* Cu*b)cs cu sc*ssb*slc shlc. BUNUL PRSCCPTBR
&A'
DBCTBRUL? <n ss uh3ss bdsbhsc% cu unul h4 cugc h ds0)b *s/+% dc /*c0c cc% <n *"b u4bh*+ h0cnsn3h*c% <n *"b nc<nsc0nh + <nc*un h*c% s sc h*h + )*scc)u ulus c<0) <n sns dc )+4s . HUTBRUL? s dc ss)+4s % )bh c: 4s )*scch)+ c+"s 0ul 0hs 0ul ccch cc s sc *ccc sub +cc*c 2h3+ dc )u3snul cc s sc s)unc. <n )unc clc 2*hgslc% cu0sn clc u0bl+ cu 0ul hc 4s% cu c< ss uh3sh c 0hs su)c*2scshl+% cl 2hcc )h4s dc )lu0b c<nd 3sn c4 c% cu ls0b+ dc 2ulg c<nd sc s *ccbh*+. DBCTBRUL? Kbh* c g*cu c s+ c dhs d*c) )*scc)u <n )unc c su)usc c*s scss 4s dc.h0+gs*ss% dcbh*ccc g*cu c*c.s cc nu db*c4 s. Nu c nc/bsc dc 0ul + clbc/cn3+ ch s+ 2s0 cbn/sn4s dc ccch cc nc chdc bsnc% 4s nscs bh + cch h lus Dc0bs cnc nu"s dc hDuns )cn *u ccch cc nc chdc *+u. HUTBRUL? H hDuns s+ <nsc0nc )u3sn )*scc)c*ch% c nc/bsc uncb*s s+ ghscc4 s% c+cs s<n bh0cns ch*c"4s )ccc luscsc sns0h 4s lc )u *c.csc hsnclc"n )sc) . DBCTBRUL? S+ 2hcs h uncs ch 0cdscul dsbhcs% ch*c sh )ulsul chsh* dsn *+su2lh*c: lh 2cl 2slb.b2ul h cn % du)+ hc*ul dsn gu*+% *cbusc s+"& )+ *und+ )c ccl l+un *sc. HUTBRUL? H 4 s nu s *sc+ nscsbdh +. DBCTBRUL? Uncb*s <ns+ dbh*c 4s% h4h cu0 )*c<n <0)sn+ cu0sn3cnsh cclc cc s"h* s)unc% ss c3s0ch ch + s+ bbsc*/c cc s"h s)us. S2snCul )c*2sd )*hd+ d*u0ul /sc3ss% sh* csnc nu"s )*scc)u c )sc*du . Cnsg0+ c% 4s 2bh* c ds2scsl+% cunbh4 c*ch dc ssnc h b0ulus: dbh* un Cds) b dc.lchg+% 4s chsh* cl% cu 4bh) c hDu + bh*c. HUTBRUL? NU c ns0sc 0hs u4b* dcc< cunbh4 c*ch hl ush. DBCTBRUL? s ns0sc 0hs g*cu dcc< cch dc ssnc. HUTBRUL? NU c nhs/ ch*c s+ nu 2sc *+u +csbs. DBCTBRUL? s ch*c% nhs/ 2ssnd 2h3+ dc g*c4clslc )*b)*s% s+ nu 2sc 4s*c 2h3+ dc cclc hlc hl b*h. HUTBRUL? Bbsc*/+ 2s*s4bh*clc dc )*h2 dsn bchss /ccsnulus. DBCTBRUL? s"n hs lus nu /cdc b<*nclc. HUTBRUL? P*s0ul )hs s)*c h 4 s c s+ c 4 ss. DBCTBRUL? s nu )bh c 2s )*scc)u csnc nu"s )*scc)+ b*. Dh* h2b*ss0ul cu0 c+ s+ c cunb4 s )c snc <nsu3s lcsnc"s dc s)us% g*cu dc dus. HUTBRUL? Csnc/h% )cn *u c+ &"h )*b)b/+dus % h 2bs *ccu <n *<ndul cclb* 4h) c <n3clc)3s. DBCTBRUL? Pcn *u h"& 2s u*0h % nscs unul% )<n+ h.s. Cu c< unss 4 su 0hs 0ul dcs)*c ccslhl3s% dcs)*c ssnc 0hs )u3sn: sh* )*bs ul 0hs 0ul 4 sc dcs)*c chsh hl ush dcc< dcs)*c h lus? )<n+ 4s )*b"
&59
DSSCCRNTBRUL
/c*bclc 0c*g hcu0 )c dbs5Bh. Unss <4s bh ch)ul cu cc nu"s )*s/c4 c dclbc% 4s dclbc cu cc lc"h* 2s dc 0ul 2blbs. HUTBRUL? Cu0% c bh*c /*cb bcu)h3sc 0hs *ch dcc< ls)sh dc bcu)h3scO DBCTBRUL? Dh% cu*sb.s h ch snu sl+. HUTBRUL? B% g*sDs hlc bh0cnslb*% 4s <n luc*u*s c< + ls)s+ dc 0sc.Q5A DBCTBRUL? T*cbusc s+ dss sngc0 dc hsc0cnch <n *c <ncc snchlh unus cs*cu0s)cc 4s nch cn3sh unus u4u*h sc: unss cChgc*ch.+% hl3ss 0sns0hls.ch.+: dsscch*n+% h4hdh*% h cn ul )*scc)+ b*? c+cs )c"h <3sh s"hu )sc*du c*cduls +3slc 4s snc*cduls +3slc dcb)b *s/+. HUTBRUL? Dc"hccch s"hu s)us cu <n3clc)csunc bh*bh*ss scs3s 1n+*ulus Pclcu55 c+ bh0cnss s<n *<u*s: )c c< hlch*g+% cs% sc b)*csc clc% 4s dc bbsccs hu 0hs 0h*c hd<ncs0c cclc cc s<n 0hs )b bls c 4s )bh* + 0hs 0ul + h)+ cclc cc 2hc 0hs )u3sn .gb0b . DBCTBRUL? S<n 4s ss uh3ss <n ch*c b+nushlh h*c )u c*c dc db/hd+? c+cs dcs)*c sb3sh lus Cc.h* = h s)us"b cl <nsu4s = nscs 0+ch* ./bnul58: sh* c<nd <n ccl sn c*csh sc sn2sl *ch.+ <ndbshlh% <n ccslhl3s *ccc d*c) % 4s chsh* cs c% c/sdcn3+. HUTBRUL? Cu/sn clc hu 0hs 0ul + shu 0hs )u3sn+ hd<ncs0c% du)+ subscc c. DBCTBRUL? S"hu <ncch 0ul3s )cn *u c+ nu lc"hu 0+su*h : )*scc)u ul )*scc)+ b* s+ lc sbndc.c 4s s+ sh sch0h c+
2hlh <nb ulus c 4 ssn3h dc h"3s 2c*s hhsnh. HUTBRUL? s 0hs hlcs dhc+ c dc )u*)u*+. s cu hs h% s+ 0c*gc0% unul lh ss b*sh lus% hdsc+ lh <hrh#!0h hntscs%2, )c c< dc db*s + dc cu*sb.s h c% )c"h < dc slus *h + dc c*uds3sc% sh* cu lh 2slb.b2sh 0ch dcs)*c Br!htul h cn 89.
NU KS PUS DBHR PC GLUM &5& 56h pr! cr!clc... pc d!s6 Hn scs)h*c sn nucc h unush dsn cclc 0hs sh/u*bhsc c)ssbhdc hlc Crstsc!nulus, ccl *c2c*s b* lh >*c2b*0h c*s sc+ h .schlclb* bb4 c4 s"% dsn c*s sch > ssn3h db0ns bh*c" ;SSS% A% cd. Uns/c*s% )). A6&"A65E. 5A B, #rs7s hlc !h"cnsl!r6 #c.s Pc*ssus% Shtsrc, &%&? >B cu*hs hb0snu0% b Fuhn h0 cs sn *cbus snhncQ" 55 nrulus Pclcu6 Hdsc+ lus HlcChnd*u ccl Mh*c% n+scu lh Pcllh 58 nscs "chr 0 !nul6 #c.s Plu h*h% Dscs phrhlclc, >Chcsh*"% &9. <n *cbh dc cc 4s"h s.gbns sb3sh% Chcsh* h *+s)uns? >Pcn *u c+ h0 g+ss c+ sc chdc ch sb3sh 0ch s+ nu 2sc nscs 0+ch* b+nus +" ;cd. cs .% /bs. SSS% ). ((AE. 5' <hrh#!0h hntsc6 B)c*+ h dbc b*ulus Juhn K*hncsscb Hnd*cs dc U. h**b.. <ncc)u + <n &A68% h *+0hs nc c*0snh + 4s sncds +. 89 Br!htul htcnt6 Du)+ cu0 h0 0hs s)us% G*hcs1n nu h )ublsch nscsbdh + b b)c*+ cu hccs s lu. S"h* )u ch s+ nu 2sc dcc< b )*s0+ /h*shn + dc s lu )cn *u Br3cul! "hnuhl 9 hrtc dc prudcncsh, ch*c h/ch s+ h)h*+ <n &A(5.

8& 87
&57
DSSCCRNTBRUL
nch.+% )<n+ cc dc/sn clc/c s b*s dc"h d*c) ul. Ch s+ s)un+ b /b*b+ cu hh.% <3s /b* *<n s b 0bDscsc: hcc4 sh s<n ccs )c ch*c"s dss)*c3ush Cscc*b 4s ch*c% ch s+ s)un+ b glu0+% )sc*d un )*sc cn shu 4s"& <ndc)+* ch.+: c<4 sg+ *cnu0c dc 0uchls3s 4s"4s )sc*d c*cds ul dc cu0sn3s. Pl+cc*ch hnccdb cs *ccc 4s *+0<nc )cdch)sh c+sn3cs: )l<ng dc c< *<s hu s <*ns . Nu sc ssnchsscsc nscs dc ccl 0hs bun )*sc cn 4s nscs dc ccl 0hs cu0)+ h % 4s nb hbsl cs c c+ )*b0) s udsnch nu"s sc*/c4 c nscsbdh + <n bsnc% cs <n sh s*+? hu sngcnsb.s h c nc2hs +. Hccs h% <0)*cun+ cu hl c dc2cc c nc2c*scs c% sc nh4 c dsn 0sc. )u3sn 4s <nsb3c4 c su)c*2scshls h ch. Lh bh0cnss sus")u4s s<n 0hs c*s sch c 4s% cu bh c c+"s 2hc bh*ccu0 )l+cu3s /ulgulus )*sn 2h0slsh*s h c% )*s0cDduscsc cu/ssn3h )*sn ss0)ls h c% c+cs% h4h cu0 n"b )+s *ch.+ cs 2h3+ dc ccslhl3s. <ncu*hDch.+ bb*+.nscsh *ccs)*bc+. Lh unss c <nn+scu + 2s*ch glu0ch3+. S"h <n.cs *h nh u*h cu u0b* 4s% dhc+ s"h* 0bdc*h cu hDu b*ul cu0sn3cnscs% h* 2s dh*% nu dc2cc . Un g*+un c dc /csclsc cs c *clsc2 h)lhudhbsl )<n+ 4s lh b0ul ccl 0hs g*h/% dh* h c l+sh <n/sns b s0)ul dc <nclsnh3sc <nsch0n+ s+ dc/ss <n cclc dsn u*0+ 4ugub+3 dc )*b2cssc% hsc.bnh b* dc snbh/c 4s gbs)bdh* hl *<sulus. Dhc+ 4s <n *"b nh*h3sc cb0sc+ cs c c*s sch + ch s0)*b)*sc h c sn *bducc*ch )c*0hncn + h lus Dh/us86 )us )c glu0c% ch 4s 2h) ul c+ <n g*h/s h ch <n/+3+ u*ss shu sc*sb.s h ch 0us *+*ss h +lus c+ *c 2su <4s h0cs cc+ 4s cl gsu0bu4lucu*slc% cu0 /h 2s bh*c h uncs% c<nd% 2+*+ s+ 2ss Dh/us% /cs glu0s b s0)ul <n *"b cbn/c*sh3sc g*h/+O #cs c+dch <n 2h*s+% 2+c<ndu" c u <nsu3s dc *<s. S<n unss ch*c% dc4s s)*c Dhlch Msnc*/cs% 2hc )h*hd+ dc u0b*% dh* hccs h% 2ssndu"lc chl)% )*bducc 0hs dcg*hb+ su)+*h*c dcc< )l+cc*c 4s% dhc+ b u4s s.bu csc h s <0s *<sul% c 0hs 0ul .c2lc0ch lh *+su2l+" u*h dcc< dcs2+ h*c lh hh.ul lb*. H2cc h*ch c b dchunh su)+*+ bh*c% dh* <n hlc u0b*ulus% sn blc*hbsl+% )cn *u c+ su)+*+ )cs c )bh c 4s% /ssnd s+ s <*nchsc+ *<sul% dc/snc ch <ns+4s *sdscbl+ 4s% dhc+ dc bbsccs nscs bu2bnss nu sc bucu*+ dc c*cds <n /sh3+% cu h < 0hs )u3sn h2cc h3ss% dcbh*ccc cu hh.ul lb* *+su2lh <ndbscsc dss)*c3ul.
S<n sn4s s)s*s uhls 4s sn4s ch*hghsb4s? dcbscbs*ch c 0h*c. B+*bh ul dsscc*n+ b* Dbhc+ 4s cl cu )scsh hh.ulus% nu ss0ulch.+% dh* b 2hcc dbh* lh s0)ul )b *s/s ? lh4s s+ chd+. ch <n *"b dbh*+% un g*+un c dsn sh*ch hcchs h% ch*c h 2bs 0hs )*c3us dcc< b )c*l+%
86
*h*cb*s% gus <nd buch clc <nhsn ch cu0sn3cnscs 4s cc*<nd /bsc cu/ssn3cs. Mul /hlb*ch.+ b glu0+ lh s0)% c dc bbsccs scu* + u*h sc4s*ss dsn <ncu*c+ u*+: 0ul b* *cs *s4 s lc"h d*cs gus ul sh*ch hcchs h. S<n luc*u*s cc *cbusc luh c <n glu0+% 4s uncb*s bc0hs luc*u*slc )c ch*c ccl+lhl lc sh 0hs <n sc*sbs. MsDlbc unsc hl cu0sn3cnscs% s+ 2hcs Dbc dsn ccl 0hs <ncsns 2bc. Cs c h)+s+ b* cCccsul cclb* 2bh* c sc*sb4s% 4s )u3sn h)lhudhbsl Ch b cu )h* sdul lus% dh* /cnc*h : *sgsd+ scc h cclb* cu0)+ h3s 4s cu0sn3s% )u3sns b u*0ch.+% 0ul3s b *cs)cc +% sh* g*h/s h ch% chsh* dhc+ )*bducc <n *ss h*c% nu <ns+ dss)*c3. Mc*s + /+.u unul dsn *c hcc4 s ncs+ us dc hscu3s0c% )sdbsnscs hs sngcnsb.s +3ss% cu0 sc 3sn dc cb0sc+*ss 4s <n cls)h 0b*3ss% c+cs dhc+ <n3clc)3ss 0b* ch lcbcdclc% hcc4 sh ch ghs3clc% 4ugusnd *+u 4s s +*usnd. <n 2clul hccs h h h*+ h un Ch*/hDhl8( c< dc <0)lsns + <s 2uscsc /sh3h. Bh0cnss cu0sn3s 4s )*udcn3s hu 2bs <n b dchunh 2bh* c )u3sn 2h/b*hbsls s)s*s clb*% 4s c*h dc hDuns unul ssngu* ch s+"& )sc*.s )c ccl *cgcsc hl ch blsculus P*udcn 8B. Mhs u4b* sc su)b* + unss )c hl3ss )*b4 ss% 2sc )cn *u c+ nu shu sch0h% 2sc )cn *u c+ sc hsch0+n+. B+*bh ul )*udcn nu"4s )bh c <ns+ c+lch )c sns0+% dcc< dhc+ lh 0sDlbc cs c dc)cndcn3h.

T1
8(
&5(
DSSCCRNTBRUL
Nc 4s h2l+0 lh s2<*4s ul /chcu*slb*. Dc0ul % <n /<*s h dc hu*% sc sn/cn h: 0hs h)bs s"h hd+ugh : hcu0 b ul c *c)c s*c. Tbh c luc*u*slc s<n h < dc <nhsn h c% <nc< nu 0hs *+0<nc ns0sc dc 2+cu dcc< s+ hlcgs. T*+s0 dsn hlcgc*c% unul dsn cclc 0hs <nsc0nh c hh <*u*s hlc nh u*ss% <0)+* +4s )u3snb*h% )cn *u ch ssngulh*s h ch 4s cCcclcn3h s+ dublc.c )*c3us*ch. H4h sc 2hcc c+ .slnsc /cdc0 bh0cns cu sngcnsb.s h c sub sl+% cu Dudcch + *sgu*bhs+% s udsb4s 4s 4 su b*s dcb)b *s/+% ch*c% hDun"g<nd lh hlcgc*c% sc )sc*d. Hlcg b dchunh cc c 0hs *+u% sc 0ul3u0csc cu cc c 0hs )u3sn ns0c*s % lc )lhcc b cc"s 0hs )u3sn h)lhudhbsl% s)*c c*s sch Dudscsb4slb* 4s dss)*c3ul cclb*lhl3s. Tb ul lc scsc nc2c*scs 4s nu nu0hs c+ nu bb3sn h)lhu.c% dh* nscs 0+ch* bun+/bsn3+. N"hu 2+cu nscsbdh + ns0sc *c0h*chbsl% 4s bh c hccs ch dbh* 2ssndc+ lc ls)sc4 c 0h*clc dh* hl 4 ssn3cs dc"h hlcgc: hs 2cl <nc< % hcblb undc ls)sc4 c hlcgc*ch% nu s<n dc hDuns nscs s *+dhnsh% nscs sngcnsb.s h ch. <nsc0n+ h ch cs cs c 2bh* c 0h*c% )cn *u h nu"s 2s 0hs 0sc+ cC cnssunch dcc< sn cnssunch. H)*bbh*ch s"b chu + bh c sluDbclc% 4s cu dcbscbs*c cclc 0h*s% 2ssndc+ ch c cb0)lc0cn ul dcs+/<*4s*ss% bb<*4sc h succcsulus% )ccc c h nb*bculus% 4s% c<nd ch ls)sc4 c% chsh* dhc+ h* h. 0unch 4s luc*u*slc )*ssbscsc% b ul sc dssc*cds ch.+ 4s b ul sc *h ch.+. Ns0cns nu /h dbb<nds nscsbdh + *c)u h3sh dc dcs+/<*4s <n b*scc sluDb+% 2+*+ *clsc2ul unus gus h)lhudhbsl. Ssngu* *clsc2ul hlcgc*ss s"h )u u 2hcc /cs s3s )c 0ul3s *cgs% c0sncn3s <n hlcgc*slc lb*% h < <n 0h c*sc dc ss)*+/s 0+*c3c% c< 4s dc 0sns4 *s? c+cs b c*bh*c <n )*s/sn3h chcslb* *h3sunss dc S h c su2scscn + ch s+ )sc*.s b ul% cu dssc*cds % sh* b ns0c*s*c% ch s+ c<4 sgs b ul% cu *c)u h3sc nc0u*s bh*c. Unss hu g*c4s <n clcc3sunch bbscc clb*% hl3ss <n cch h sns *u0cn clb*% b3s dss *ug<ndu"4s% )*sn c*b*slc lb* h < dc 2h hlc. hu*u*slc 85 ncs)us dc )*c3sbhsc hlc cb*bhnclb* lb*. S<n unclc sluDbc h c+*b* )*sncs)hl+ 0hns2cs h*c cbns + <n hlcgc*c% 4s <n clc dc)cndcn3h dc scnsul cs cs c 0hs 0h*c% )*ccu0 s<n bh c hcclch cc hu d*c) scb) sns *us*ch <n chs) )l+cu . B*h b*ul s+ )*c2c*c% h4hdh*% h*gu0cn clc cclc 0hs h)lhudhbslc 4s 0hs sc*sbhsc: ss b*scul s+ 3sn+ sch0h dc dclcc h*c 4s 2blbs: 2slb.b2ul s+
85
<0bsnc 2*u0bsul cu scn cn3sbsul: 4s b3s s+ sh sch0h lh gus ul uns/c*shl hl cclb*lhl3s% ch*c c c*s c*sul hlcgc*ss% sh* uncb*s ch + s+"& )*c2c*c cclus c*s sc shu ssngulh*% )*b)*su shu s *+sn% dcbh*ccc% lh un bs)+3% c 0hs ns0c*s s+"s 0ul3u0c4 s )c bhs)c3s dcc< )c buc+ h*s% h s)us ccl 0hs sh/u*bs dsn )h *sh nbhs *+ 88 4s <n clcc3sunc. Cc 2blbs c+ luc*u*slc s<n <n *u b ul )c gus ul b*h b*ulus% dhc+ nu s<n )c ccl hl huds b*sulusO Pcn *u csnc bh*c lc
g+ c4 sO Hcclh /h )*c2c*h b sub sls h c% sh* hccs h /h h)lhudh b cb0)h*h3sc shu ds0)b *s/+. <4s h*c lbcul 4s <n h* clc /ulgh*c: ch h h*c% h0 )u u /cdch dbs 0c4 c*s c0sncn3s ch*c <4s dss)u hu 2hs0h? unul )*sn dclsch c3c 4s dcs+/<*4s*c% <n *"h < h% <nc< 2scch*c dsn b)c*clc shlc luh c sc)h*h )+*ch su)*c0ul c2b* hl h* cs% dh* bh c lhblhl + nu 0ul3u0chu: ccl+lhl % ds0)b *s/+% n"h s.bu s nscsbdh + s+ ss)*+/chsc+ un luc*u cu su)*c0+ dclsch c3c 4s nscs s+"& duc+ lh dc)lsn+ )c*2cc3sunc% 4s b u4s hccs h s"h bucu*h dc *clsc2ul hlcgc*ss h < dc /sgu*bs% <nc< 4s"h h *hs h)lhu.clc uns/c*shlc. Nh4 c% <n )*s0ul *<nd% dsn gus ul )*b)*su% dhc+ c bun% chls2sch )*sn <ncc*ch*c% hssgu*<ndu"3s"& hs 2cl 4s )c hl cclb*lhl3s% <n *uc< c un 0h*c h/hn hD s+ )b3s 2hcc nb*0+ dsn cl 4s s+ nu h <*ns dc cclc s *+snc. <n hccs chs) c )b3s <nc*cdsn3h c+ ccch cc c 0ul3u0c4 c )c snc lh ccslhl3s <s /h 0ul3u0s 4s )c cs lh snc. Bunh clcc3sunc cs c c2cc hl s0)ulus )b *s/s : b ul scsc bsnc dsn cl% 2ssndc+ c ccl 0hs 0h*c nb*bc% 4s% dhc+ h s.bu s cc/h <n ls)sh lus% h 2bs 0hs 0ul dh b*s + <n <0)l+*ss dcc< cc* s udsnss. Ds0)b *s/+% un )*bs gus s+*bc.c4 c b ul 4s. )*sn )*bhs h"s hlc+ us*c% *h ch.+ chsh* 4s luc*u*slc cCcclcn c )*sn dcs+/<*4s*ch lb*: 4s s<n unclc h < dc csudh c% <nc< hlcg b dchunh cc c 0hs *+u% dc )h*c+ <4s dhu bs cnchlh s+ g*c4chsc+: )+s *ch.+ cch 0hs *ch Dudcch + )cn *u ccl 0hs bun )*slcD% 4s lh cch 0hs 0h*c h4 c) h*c /sn cu cch 0hs 0h*c s0)c* sncn3+% <nsb3sndu"sc 0c*cu cu )*bs sh lb*. Hlcgc*c 2+*+ g*c4 cch h hlbsncs% dh* cc )*bs gus ccl hl uncs 0u4 c% dc /*c0c cc% <n hccch4s g*+dsn+% hccch chu + 0s*chs0h% sh* hcchs h duhbh*ch.
88
Ccl 0hs *+u c c+ hsc0cnch bblnh/s hs gus ulus% 2sc dsn nc4 ssn3+% 2sc dsn ch)*scsu% sn2s*0s hs Dudcc+3ss% hd+ug<nd"b )c"h dbuh cclcs dsn <s c*b*s% ch*c c 0hs /cs s +% h* /*ch s+"s 0bls)schsc+ dc bbhlh lb* )c b3s ccslhl3s: )*c snd ch )+*c*ch lb* )h*hdbChl+ s+ 2sc nb*0h cclb*lhl3s% 4s chsh* sc 0s*+ c+ ls)sh lb* dc gus nu c )cn *u ccslhl3s dclsch cs+% 4s *+su2lh*ch lb*% )b2 + dc 0<nch*c% sc0+n+ b*s hs c*b*ss <n b ul. S<n hl3ss ch*c hu gus ul dc.hcb*dh 2h3+ dc unclc luc*u*s% dh* 2h3+ dc hl clc 2bh* c ns0c*s ? dc bbsccs <ns+ csnc h*c s *sch + *+d+csnh )bh* + 4s 2*uc )c dc"h"n *cgul sch*b+d. P*csu)unc )c l<ng+ dcs+/<*4s*ch gus ulus% b <n3clcgc*c hdcc/h + h u u*b* <0)*cDu*+*slb* ncccsh*c succcsulus snds/sduhl. P*s0h lb* h cn3sc c dcs snh + )*slcDulus% hcchs h 2ssnd cch dsn <s *cgul+ h bb3snc*ss succcsulus. Nu sc 0ul3u0c4 c nu0hs cu luc*u*slc *c0h*chbslc )*sn c0sncn3+% cs 4s )*sn 2blbs% c+cs uncb*s ccl 0hs cCcclcn h 2bs ccl 0hs )u3sn cb*cs)un.+ b* 0b0cn ulus% hs 2cl <nc< % h*uncs c<nd *clsc2h*ch 2ssn3cs 4s b)b* uns h ch 2blbsulus sc *cuncsc <n 0sDlbhcc% sc <nchcsc cu nb*bc. Sc *cglch.+ du)+ s0)% sh sch0h lh )bs % 2hcc dcbscbs*c dc )c*sbhnc 4s sc cbn2b*0ch.+ <n chs) hdcc/h )*slcDulus% clcc3sunch hDung<nd hs 2cl s+ 2sc <n *u b ul dcs+/<*4s +. Phssunch c hd/c*sh*+ dcclh*h + h cu0sn3cnscs 4s% ch h h*c% h hlcgc*ss: nscsbdh + nu sh sch0h lh 2blbs% cs lh h2cc ul cs: 4s )*c3usc4 c 0hs 0ul <0)lsns*ch bhncs dcc< *cu4s h. Tb3s 2h/b*s3ss cs s<n buns dbh* )cn *u c+ h4h /*ch ch% nu )cn *u c+ s<n <n *chls h c% 4s ss0ulch.+ c+ sc h0+gc4 c /bs : 4s hs 2cl% b*scc *+u sn cn3sbnh scsc 4s 0hs *+u cCccu h . Subscc clc hlcgc*ss s<n 0ul c 4s subls0c. Sc hlcg% <n )*s0ul *<nd% sluDbclc 4s s +*slc% clcc3sunc dc b /sh3+ <n *chg+% <n ch*c ns0c*c4 s b*s dhs g*c4 )cn *u b dchunh% c+cs *s4 s s+"3s scs <n c<*c+ b nc2c*scs*c s*c0cdshbsl+. R+ul c c+ hb +*<*slc cclc 0hs <nsc0nh c sc shu lh )*s0h /<*s +% ls)ss + dc 4 ssn3+ 4s cC)c*scn3+% c<nd dc 2h) n"h* 2s dc hDuns nscs cch 0hs 0h*c )*udcn3+ 4s 0hs cbh) + 0h u*s h c. Nscs hlcgc*ch )*sc cnslb* nu c cch 0hs nc<nsc0nh + bblsgh3sc% dcbh*ccc cs *cbusc s+ 2sc *c.ul h ul hlcgc*ss% nu hl <n <0)l+*ss% hc3sunc <n 2bh* c 0h*c 0+su*+ h )*udcn3cs 4s% ccl 0ul % h )bssbsls +3ss. s"s hlcgs dc hsc0cnch )c ccs h)*b)sh3s% ch*c s<n hdDu hn3s hs /sc3ss 4s% ccl 0hs hdcsch% /*+D0h4s dc ncbcbls . Dhc+ <ns+ 4s <n ch.ul cb)sslb* h* )u ch h/ch lbc clcc3sunch% h* 2s )*s0h dsn *c nb*bcs*s. Dh* s<n hsc0cnch ch)*scss )c lu0c% <nc< 3s
NU KS JBCHCR 177

SJc c4ug h b cc"s 2bh* c bun cs c c+ 0ul ul u. dc/snc hbu.. Tb3s <l *</ncsc dh b*s + cCcclcn3cs% d*c) ch*c dc/snc cb0un: 4s% )sc*.<ndu"4s )*s0h )*c3us*c ch *h*% sc hlcgc cu dss)*c3 ch /ulgh*% 4s c )+ch ch bc0hs cCcclcn3h s+"s )*scsnushsc+ 4s *usnh. H)lhu.clc u u*b*h sc schs0b+ <n su)+*h*c h u u*b*h.
Hccs h c ch*sul bbs4nus hl luc*u*slb* 2bh* c h)lhudhbslc <n b*scc sbs dc c0sncn3+ 4s ch*c% n+sc<ndu"sc dsn <nsu4s c*cds ul 4s h*+"nsndu"sc dsn <ns+4s bs cn h3sh lb*% hDungc s+ d+*<0c 4s chsh* s+ dbbbh*c cch 0hs su0c3s + 0+*c3sc: c dc hDuns un cCccs dc c hlh*c ch s+ 2hc+ dsn )u*c )*bdsgss% /ulgh*s +3s.
8'
&58
DSSCCRNTBRUL
'9
Ccs cc sc *c0h*c+ 0ul nu sch)+ h 2s )s.0us3s shu u*<3s? cu c< 0hs 0h*c lu0sn+3sh% 0hs 0h*c 4s c0ulh3sh. Tb3s sc )b scncsc dc c+*+0sdh ch*c sc *sdsc+ dchsu)*h cclb*lhl c% <nc< hcchs h nscs nu 0hs cs c c0sncn3+% cs )b scns*c: hs 2cl% lh 0ul3s% /bsn3h dc h *bnh hDungc s+ 2sc nu *clsc2% cs bbs hcbl. Cbn/cnscn3h c 4ub*cd+% 4s chsh* dc s scl+% )*sn 2*hgsls h c% 4s% dhc+ c 0ul scbhs+ <n )ublsc% sc cC)unc lh 0hs 0ul c s.bs*s: 0hs bsnc sc )+s *ch.+ <n s.blh*c% 2sc 4s"n )hsclc u0slsn3cs shlc. Unss /b* s+ 2sc 0c*cu cbcb4ss )ublscs +3ss 4s h < h c<n +% <nc< nc0ul3u0csc: h* hDungc un s *sg+ % dbu+ )cn *u s2h shu *c.s*c% 2ssndc+ 0hs 0ul dc"h < h <nsch0n+ h c<n h )*bs b*s h c <nc+)+3<nh. M<nch*ch cch 0hs dclscsbhs+ )sc*dc h dbuh bh*+ 0ul dsn )*s0h )l+cc*c: h *csh bh*+ su)+*+ dc"h d*c) ul: 0hs bsnc h* 2s s+ sc )+s *c.c lh cls)clc dsn <s hlc gus ulus% s <*nsnd db*sn3h. s dhc+ h4h c cu cch 0h c*shl+% cu h < 0hs 0ul cu hdc/+*h h h*hn+ h su2lc ulus% dcs2+ +*s hlc sn clcc ulus 4s hlc gus ulusQ Sh* hccs h% cu c< c 0hs 0h*c% cu h < c 0hs gsngh4 4s 0hs g*cu dc 0ul3u0s . Mhs 0ul 2hcc b *h*s h c cCcclcn +% c+cs b dchunh ds2scslul h 2bs )*c3us . Pc 0+su*+ cc un b+*bh cCcclcn % 2sc )*sn cu*hD% 2sc )*sn <n/+3+ u*+ shu )*sn sn cg*s h c b*s )*udcn3+% sc *c *hgc% dc/snc sn/sdshbsl. )cn *u c+ cl s + lbculus 4s b3s <s duc db*ul% cu 0hs 0ul c*cds 4s chsh* nb*bc. B*scc 0bdc*h3sc cs c shlu h*+% 0hs hlcs <n h)h*s3sc% <n *uc< cbnsc*/+ /sh3h *c)u h3scs. Sn <lnc4 s hsc0cnch Dbchc*s <n b sbsul dc c0sncn3c. S<n 4s dc"hs 2*u0usc3ss% h c+*cs bs cn h3sc% )c l<ng+ *ssc% )*s0c4 c nu0hsdcc< )cdch)sh dc/hlb*s.+*ss% sh* 0hs h)bs )c cch h dss)*c3ulus. Cc bsnc h cunbscu *sscul hccs h /ulgh* 4s cc bsnc h 4 su s+"& )*c<n <0)snc hclh0h h Pb)ch '7 h lus Nc*bQ Cch ch*c h 4 su b dchunh s+ db0snc 2*u0usc3ch 4s"b h*+ h b dchunh 2slh ? nscsbdh + nu 4s"h s+ u*h nscs 0+ch* )*b)*sss bchs% h/h*+ cu b3s% )s.0usndu"4s"b ssc4s. <4s dc./clch <n *"b .s bchss 4s 2*un ch% <n hl h gu*h 4s bb*hDss% 2+*+ h"4s l+sh nscsc<nd /+.u *cs ul 2*u0usc3ss 4s c<4 sg<nd hs 2cl cch 0hs 0h*c )*c3us*c. Mh*c lcc3sc c hcchs h dc h 4 s s+ c 2hcs )*c3us % dc h 4 s s+ /sn.s b c0sncn3+% )*c2+c<ndu" c c+ b hcb)c*s% ch s+
b )+s *c.s 4s chsh* s+ b s)b*c4 s cu db*sn3h% sh* <n Skhturslc ctrc Br!htul Htcnt sc /h /b*bs dcs)*c ch cu <n/+3+ u*+. Cclcb*+ cbn2s*0h*c cch cu s0h"
n
&89
DSSCCRNTBRUL
*hldclc sndshnulus% ch 2hcc cunbscu + cu bun gus hcchs + sub sls h c. Lc hduscsc <n 0h*c chn s h c 4s cghlc <n chls h c. <l su)usc )c ccl dsn <s h)*ccsc*ss unus gsu/hsc*gsu cC)c* % ch*c s"& )l+ s cu us0s*c. <l scbhsc )c"hl dbslch% )*s/slcgsh <n b ul% )+s *<ndu"4s ch)hcs h ch dc h )l+cch% dh* cl <s cbbb*< lh Du0+ h c )*c3us*ch% 4s% <n hccch4s )*b)b*3sc% u*0+ cu hl *cslch 4s hl )h *ulch: )c 0+su*+ cc clc sc <n *ccchu <n ch*h c% h)*ccsc*ch d+dch <nd+*+ . Us0s dc"b hsc0cnch dss)*b)b*3sc% hscul + chu.h% cu <n/+3+ u*h nbhs *+? c+ <nsu4s bcl4ugul dc /hlbh*c <4s d+unh ssc4s% sh* )c 0+su*+ cc sc )sc*dch *h*s h ch% sc+dch )*c3us*ch. B% h4hdh*% b+*bh ul Dudscsbs% dc /h 2s /*<nd s+ c<4 sgc *c)u h3sh nc0u*s bh*c% Dbhcc 0hs dcg*hb+ cu b ch* c dc *<nd dcc< cu Dbchc*ul. Ksc b cC *c0+ <n dcs+/<*4s*c% dh* )+s *c.c 0sDlbcsh <n s *+lucs*c.
'6
2bh* c dcbscbs c unh dc cchlhl + 4s b)usc <n b ul% )cn *u c+ unh c 2+u*s + dsn )sc *c hlbc% /*cdnscc dc cch 0hs nb*bcbhs+ u*0+ <n cch 0hs bun+ .s% sh* cchlhl +% snh0sch cs% dsn )sc *c ncg*c% ch*c% <n 0bhb*chlh lb*% <s )*c/cs csc ncnb*bcul: 0+*c3 /bsbhs+ hccch% sh* hcchs h lugub*u u0sl+. Hcblb s<n dc 2h3+ 0ul3u0s*ch% *c)husul% bunul nu0c% bcl4ugul 4s bbg+3sslc cu b sbsul dc nb*bcs*s. Hscs *ss c3ch% *udh% 2bh0ch% dss)*c3ul 4s s+*+csh% cu bh + s)s3h nc2c*scs*ss. Ch h h*c% unh sc nu0c4 c h )l+cc*ss% sh* cchlhl + h du*c*ss. Tb3s 0u*s b*ss 2*cc/cn ch.+ chsh hcchs h 4s sn *+ )*sn *"unh dsn hccs c dbu+ u4s% cCss + <ns+ b lcgc sn/sblhbsl+ 4s *cs)cc h + cu cch 0hs 0h*c hs)*s0c% ch dhc+ hs sn *h )*sn *"unh% s+ sc4s )c cchlhl +% h4h <nc< ns0cns nu )bh c sc4s )c"hccch )c ch*c h sn *h % cs )c cch b)us+? csnc h sn *h )*sn )l+cc*c scsc b dchunh )*sn du*c*c% sh* csnc h sn *h )*sn du*c*c scsc b dchunh )*sn )l+cc*c. Rcs *s4 c bb4 chsc+ h nb*bcb4slb* cs c c+ hu )h* c dc sn *+*s 2bh* c 2c*scs c% dh* dc sc4s*s 2bh* c *hgscc. <nsc4s h)lhu.clc dc lh <ncc)u u*s 2hc 0hs .gb0b bs 0u*0u*ul s2<*4s u*slb*. H)bgcul nu s + <n cbnss03s*ch /ulgh*+ dc lh sn *h*c% c+cs h u u*b*h c h)lhu"dhbsl+% cs <n su)+*h*ch gcnc*hl+ dc lh sc4s*c% c+cs *h*s s<n ccs *cg*c h3s. B% c<3s sb*s n"h0 /+.u nbs n+sc<ndu"sc <n *<sul hu*b*cs% ch 4s"n hl nbs *u% 4s <ng*b)<ndu"sc h)bs <n )l<nsul h)usulusQ S"hu shlu h % <n .b*s% lsngu4s bh*clc )+s+*s cu c<n u*slc lb*% )<n+ lh u*0+ h)bgsh u*s% 4s s"hu )c *ccu % <n hs2sn3s % )+s+*s nbc u*nc cu /hsc*clc lb*. Tbh c 2h3hdclc *hngu*slb* s<n h*+ bhsc% dh* chlchnclc u0slc. S<n <ncununh c cu u*hlc sn *+*slc d*cg+ b*slb* 4s cu blcs c0c sc4s*slc. C< dc h)lhudh + <ncc)c b db0nsc% dh b*s + 2sc gus ulus /ulgh* hl schs0b+*ss% 2sc n+dcDdss nu *s c <n hh <*u*slc )h* sculh*c 4s <n *cu4s clc bb4 c4 s% dh* c< dc h0u3s + dcccdch.+% <nc< 4s +cc*ch s"h* 2s hclh0h3sc bsnc/bs bh*cQ Cc hdb*h +% 2sc dc s)c*hn3+% 2sc dc ch0+% dcbu ch.+ b 2h/bh*c% dhc+ nu s"h* dc.0sn3s ch <ns+4s lh Du0+ h ch *bs s*ss ds/s.h c'A% c+cs dhc+ *ccc*ch /h*sh.+% nu )b3s sc+)h% lh <ncc)u shu lh s2<*4s % dc b nc2c*scs*c )*bnbs sch +Q Tbh c s2<*4s u*slc s<n dcscbnss"
'A
dc*+*s% 4s bh c bnb*u*slc ch)slb* s2<*4csc <n ch)c c dc hcu.h*c% dhc+ nu hlc Dus s3scs% hlc 0u*0u*+*ss *+.bunh c. Mul3u0s*ch <ncc)u ulus sc *hns2b*0+ <n 0ul c nc0ul3u0s*s lcgh c dc s2<*4s . Chsh* dhc+ nu c hl ghsnsbn dcc< sc+)+ h ul = c+cs 4s unus sbh*c <s c dh s+ chd+ =% cl )*bducc hbh c*s? sc
<n uncc+ s *+lucs*ch 4s sc *+cc4 c ss03s*ch. Rh*cb*s <s <nsb3c4 c nb*bcul )c ccs cc scs% 4s nscs hclh0h3sh nu d+snusc )<n+ lh 2snc? )c c< sc h*h + dc )bls scbhs+ cu ccs cc /sn% )c"h < dc g*bsblhn+ cu ccs cc sc duc. Hn+ 4s )*sc cnsslc sc lchg+ cu )l+cc*ch 4s sc )sc*d cu 2hls0cn ul. U*cs <n .bb* s)*c hh <* 4s cbbb*s dc" hcblb dc"h *bs bgblul: 4s% <ndcbb4 c% <n bh c sluDbclc 4s chsh* s +*slc% sn *s )c u4h 0ul3u0s*ss 4s h nb*bculus 4s sc4s )c cch h nc)l+cc*ss 4s h ncnb*bcs*ss. Kb* unh <0b*hc+ /c40sn c dc ghl+ <nc*b)s c dsn cC *c0c 4s sc 2+lc4 c c+ cs c cghl+: )sc)3ss 4s"s hcb)c*+ cu hlb% 4s cu ncg*u s)c clc? c+cs h nu"3s )+sh dc clc <nsch0n+ h dh dc .slc hlbc '5. B% 0h*c cul0c h )*udcn3cs% h cn3sh lh cC *c0c% g*sDh dc h s2<*4s bsnc% lu<nd 0hs 0ul h0sn c lh nb*bcs*ch sc4s*ss dcc< lh h)lhu.clc sn *+*ssQ C+cs *ch.ul Phlsnu* '8 nu"4s c<*0usc4 c nh/h dc lh )*b/h% cs dc lh )u)h% hcblb s + lh c<*0+ <n c+l+ b*sh /sc3ss. Unss hu <ncc)u u*s 2bh* c 2c*scs c <n b ul% 4s chsh* h)lhudhbslc: bcu)+ b dc0ns h c cu <n <sc h c% hDung lh un )bs cu h)lhu.c% <ncc) b )*sc cnsc cu hh <*? b*scc <ncc)u c cu nb*bc. Ccs dc 2clul lb* bbs4nuscsc s+ hsb+ <ns+ <nchcsc*slc 2bh* c *hgscc 4s .h3u*slc 2bh* c h0h*c: bh + nc2c*scs*ch *+0<nc )cn *u dcsc* % )*ccu0 <n )hhh*ul cu )u*gh s/ h0+*+csunch. M+*ch3+ *cgul+ h <ncc)c*ss 4s h s2<*4s*ss h dh *b0hnul '' c<nd h s)us c+ bh c dc0ns +3slc 4s *hngu*slc 4s lc dbb<ndssc <nhsn c dc h 4s lc 2s db*s 4s c+ )c bh c lc )+*+sssc <nhsn c dc h lc 2s db*s hl3ss. Mhs 0ul c hs h dcc< cch dsn <s: dc4s b % 0ul ? hccch h 2bs hh <* hl sb*3ss% hcchs +lhl + h 2bs *chls.h*c h uncs )*udcn3c h)h* c. Nc2c*scs*ch c uncb*s )cdch)s+ h sn c0)c*hn cs% 4s 0h*c glb*sc cch h )*ch<n <0)sn+*ss. M<ng<sc*ch <n3clc)3slb* c c+ hu l+sh cs luc*u*slc <nhsn c dc h"s 2s l+sh clc )c cs% sh* s2h ul c s+ lc"b scs <nhsn c.
'5
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&96
*cchc h uns/c*sulus% u*+4 c hcchs + )*ch/ulgh*+ bs cn h3sc 4s"4s ducc /sh3h 0hs )*c3us <n hcch )c c< dc cu0sn c% )c"h < dc *c)u h + ssh+s *sc h sh." s b h4h% nu cbn cnch s+ sc0cnc sn/sdsc% 4s <nc+ 0hs /<* bs <n sns0slc 0scs% ch*c lcsnc sc u0)lu dc b*scc. C 0bls)ss bh*c sn/sdsh: g+sc4 c b dchunh dc cc s+ sc hgh c% )<n+ 4s dc s0hgsnh*: 2sh*+ ncs)us dc c*ud+ ch*c% cu bsnclc s *+sn% <s 2hcc h < h *+u )*b)*sulus cs s +)<n. H <ncc)u s+ sc h*+nchsc+ dsn 0+*un hsc% 2sc <n scb)ul unus 0hs 0h*c chsn% 2sc )cn *u h su*ghsuns dsn clc b*scc b0cnsc. S"hu cbnDu*h cu bh clc ch s+"s <n unccc% dc nu chsh* s+"s dss *ug+% 2*u0usc3ch. P*bccdh*+ cu /sclcnsc% <4s *h2snh*+ *+u h ch% ncdc"clh*<ndu"sc <0)b *s/h 2*u0usc3ss% cs <0)b *s/h 2udulscs shlc? >Kssndc+% .ssc Cb3b2hnh% dhc+ s.bu s0 ch cl s+ nu 0hs )bh + 2hcc 0ul bdsbhsh )h*hd+ dc )cnclc shlc% <s ccls)s+0 cu b ul 2*u0usc3ch." Ccch cc nu sc /cdc c ch 4s cu0 n"h* 2s 4s% )*ccu0 h s)us hcch )+s+*usc+ sh s*sc+&9A? > ssn3h h nu c ns0sc% dhc+ ccslhl3s nu 4 su c+ 4 ss." s s<n dc lh ssnc <n3clcsc bh c cclclhl c <n.cs *+*s% chsh* dhc+ /b*bcsc dc *cgsnh u u*b*h. Luc*u*slc <ndcbb4 c nu *cc d*c) ccch cc s<n % cs d*c) ccch cc )h*. S<n 0ul 0hs 0ul3s )*b4 ss dcc< )*scc)u3ss% hccsh sc 0ul3u0csc cu h)h*cn3h 4s% chsh* dhc+ hcc4 sh shu sch0h lh 0sc.% h0+gs*ch )*ccu0)+nc4 c 4s luc*u*slc s<n )*c3us c )c dsn h2h*+. Sc dusc*+ s+"s 2b*0ulc.c hcu.h*ch% dsn )h* ch <n *cgss *c)ublscs u4bh*c. Cb*bul% Csbh*h 4s Cb3b2hnh% cu hl clc dc ch)h lb*% c+cs bh c cclclhl c sc scu.h*+% #ul u*ul cu sc*sb.s h ch% KcnsCul cu s.blh*ch. Pb*u0bclul cu ss0)ls h ch% Kh.hnul cu )*s0cDdsh 4s Lcb+dh cu 0u3cnsh% c+cs ch g<ndc4 c 0c*cu% ch s+ c<n c dulcc b dh +. Zbu*h*+ <n c+u h*ch lus )<n+ lh 0+*c3ul )hlh hl Bbg+3scs. Sc <n <lns*+ nu0hsdcc< cu un Ph)hghl% ch*c s + ch )c un bhlcbn 4s <n *"b cbls/sc% s2c*+ hnu0c h ls0bu cs. Lc s)usc cu 0h*c u4u*sn3+ b cc 4 sh% hdsc+ b cc /bshu cs. <s *s0ssc*+ un 0cshD )*sn *"b Mhs0u3+: h*c sc bucu*+ P+unul dc sbss*ch lb*% c+cs nu sch)+ )*slcDu*slc dc h sc h*+ h. <s )*s0s <n *"b cu* c sn c*sbh*+ s)h3sbhs+% ch *u hugus hl s)lcndb*ss 2+lbhsc 4s h*cn+ b+ u + h cb0)c s3scs lus% 2slb s0 cu sbh*clc <nsu4s% )cnc lh *h.c 4s *bh + lh *bh +.
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&95
<n4 ssn3h*+ 4s )c #ul u*% ch*c sbss bsnc h)+*h dc g+*.slc shlc dc )*hd+. Lcul sn c*/cns cu hu b*s h ch sh% ch*c 2u dc hDuns ch s+"s )b blchsc+% 4s sc h*+ + db*nsc s+ h2lc )*scsnh cc* cs% *ccb0hnd<nd h0bclb* )+*3s% uncsh 0bdcs sh% sh* cclcslhl c +cc*ch. Du)+ c< c/h /b*bc% <4s d+du sch0h dc ncd*c) h ch sn/sdscs 4s dc 2hlss h ch .clulus cs 4s )*b)usc% )cn *u bun+ b*dsnc% ch )*scsnh s+ 2sc *c0ss+ Dudcc+3ss unus c*3% 4s hnu0c #ul)ss% cunbscu + ch <n3clch) + 4s nc)+ s0h4+. P+*3slc sc <n/bs*+ 4s sc su)usc*+ 4s*c ulus h*bs *u. Hscs #ul)ch sc 2blbss dc bh + h* h sh )cn *u h"4s 2hcc dh b*sh 2h3+ dc b3s% <n hcclh4s s0)? h"& 0+guls )c Lcu 4s h nu"& nc0ul3u0s )c #ul u*% h 2hcc d*c) h c 4s h nu"4s )sc*dc )*sc cnss% d*c) ch*c% <n chs) 2bh* c sscuss % /b*bs <n 2clul hccs h? >Cs c b dss)u + )bls sc+% cc hnu0c h*c 0hs 0h*c <nsc0n+ h c% *chls h ch shu h)h*cn3h. CCss + luc*u*s 2bh* c 0h*s <n ssnc% dh* ch*c nu )h* h 2s% 4s. ds0)b *s/+% hl clc ch*c s<n )u3sn 4s )h* 0ul ? 0bns *ub.s h c bbs4nus +. H < c dc )u c*nsc+ bs cn h3sh shu ls)sh cs: 0ul b*h lc 3snc lbcul% )c 0ul c lc u0)lc 4s% dhc+ <n cclc 0h c*shlc <nnbbslch.+% )*ccu0 <n )bdbhb+% 0bbslsc* 4s sus +% cu0 /h 2s 2ssnd <n hdc/+*h clc <n.cs *+*s hlc cugc ulus% ch*c s<n /c40<n ul dc ghl+ hl sn clcc ulus 4s 2*u0usc3ch ss03s*ssO Mhs hlcs c<nd /snc *<ndul uncs <n.cs *+*s 4s b cc*c s0)ul )b *s/s % hcblb shdc nu0hs bsnc bs cn h3sh. S+ )*sndc0 )*slcDul% c+cs h uncs c .suh *su02ulus s+u. S<n sn4s cCcc)3sbnhls <n ch*c )u3snul s *+lucc4 c 0ul % sh* 0ul ul )<n+ lh us0s*c% bh0cns cu dh*ul bs cn h3scs ch*c% c<nd ls sc <0bsn+ cu c0sncn3h% hlc+ uscsc un )*bdsgsu: ds0)b *s/+% h0 /+.u bh0cns c0sncn3s% ch*c% ls)ss3s dc hccs *clsc2% n"hu )+*u nscs )c Du0+ h c. Nu c 0ul dc c<nd un 0h*c )c*sbnhD <ns)+s0<n h b lu0c <n *chg+ <n ch0)hnss% dh*% hDuns <n *"un cbnsslsu dc *+.bbs% *c0u*h <n 2h3h u u*b*h 4s% 0cns s+ 2hc+% nu c*h 0cns s+ 4s /b*bchsc+. S<n 4s nh3ss bs cn h s/c dsn 2s*c% sh* cch s)hnsbl+% 0hs 0ul ch b*sch*c hl h. H4h <nc< bs cn h3sh d+ hdc/+*h h s *+lucs*c ss)*+/slb* c*bscc 4s ch 4s b h dbuh /sh3+ lh b . Dh* hs h dc bun+ sch0+ c<nd <s s + chc.h4+
*chls h ch% c+cs 2+*+ 0c*s c nu c hl cc/h dcc< b h0+gs*c /ulgh*+: nu 2blbsc4 c dcc< lh c hlh*ch dc2cc clb*% bb3sn<nd un dss)*c3 dc cs hbsl <n lbc dc h)lhu.c. Unss dhu 0h*c .b* s+ hDung+ 4s s+ sc h*h c <n ch *ul uns/c*shl% nc2+c<nd hl cc/h dcc< s+"4s c hlc.c sgnb*hn3h% )c ch*c s.blh*ch lc"b dc.0sn3ch: hs h nu c bs cn h*c h <n.cs *+*slb*% cs )*bclh0h*c )*bs chsc+ h )*b)*sslb* cusu*u*s: )*c snd% <n lbc dc hclh0h3sh s)lcndb*ss% b /cs cDs*c ch*c s+ lc hcb)c*c dc sn2h0sc nc*cu4s clc. Nscs un *clsc2 nu cc*c s+ 2sc
0hs )u3sn ss0ulh dcc< bs cn h3sh 4s )sc*c b dchunh dsn )*scsnh hccs us bc c4ug% 2ssndc+ c 2bh* c h)*b)sh dc /hns h c&98% sh* hcchs h% dc dss)*c3. T*cbusc s+ 2sc 2bh* c 0bdc*h + 4s <n *u b ul b)b* un+% c+cs 0bdc*h3sh cugc ulus c <nc+ 4s 0hs ncccsh*+ dcc< cch h *u)ulus. Dc hcchs h 3snc /sh3h 0h c*shl+% sh* dc cchlhl +% cch s)s*s uhl+? c+cs 0bdc*h3sh )blcsc4 c 4s 2sh*clc. Uncb*s% bs cn h3sh cbns + 0hs 0ul <n *"b clbc/cn3+ 0u +% <n *"b cC)unc*c ch <n *"b dbh*+ h chls +3slb* c0sncn c% sh* c< cbdh + b dsss0ulh*c )*udcn + cs c b )h*hd+ h)lhudhbsl+ h /hlb*ss% hscundc*ch 0c*s clb* 2ssnd b hdc/+*h + )*bclh0h*c h lb*% dcbh*ccc )*s/h*ch dc clc .g<nd+*c4 c <n )unc ul ccl 0hs scnssbsl cu*sb.s h ch. Sc 2blbsc4 c dccs dc hcchs + h* + <n chs) 2c*scs 4s sc *clsc2ch.+ 4s 0hs 0ul cu hDu b*ul h* cs. Mh*ch"s s *h hgc0+ c s+ nu sc dc./+lusc bh + dsn *"b dh +. cs 2slh % .ug*+/sndu"4s dcs+/<*4s*ch 4s <n *cc<ndu"4s"b 0c*cu: un *clsc2 s+ 2sc cbn/bch dc hl ul 4s 0hs 0h*c% sh* h)lhu.clc )cn *u b <n.cs *h*c% h4 c) h*c <nnbs + h cclcslhl c% 4s lh 2cl 4s <n ss)*+/slc 0+*c3c% <n *c3sn<nd )u*u*s h)lhu.clc 4s h*+nsnd us0s*ch. Dh* /cnsnd hcu0 lh )*scsnh nbhs *+% .sc% 4s h4h c*cd% c+ h* 2s b sslnscsc ncsu2c*s + ch P+unulus s+"s 2sc hcb*dh + 2*u0usc3ch 4s +g+dus + 2hlh. Nscs <n3clch) + nh u*+ n"h* <ng+dus unh ch hs h% c+cs h* <nsc0nh bs<nds*ch )*b/sdcn3cs shlc% 4s <0)b *s/h )u c*ss cs nu cCss + )*ccc) c% dhc+ nu 0sDlbcc4 c *h3sunch )bls sc+% 4s chsh* 4s h uncs% b cc cCslch.+ s)<n.u*+ bh*ch cu 2*sch dc ch% cbn *h0hndch.+ nh u*h cu )u c*c. Lchcul /h 2s 0hs )*hc sc% )c c< dc lcsnscsbs% )c"h < dc c2schcc% 4s hnu0c? s+ s sc cch*+ P+unulus <n 0bd sc*sbs 4s s+ s sc b*dbnc <n sns hn3+ )cnhl+ ch% b*s dc c< c b*s <4s /h dcs2+4u*h <n /<n 2clu*s0ch clcghn3cs% s+ h *hg+ nch)+*h )*s/s*slc hsu)*h u*<3cnscs )scsbh*clb* shlc% h4h <nc< <n+l3h*ch )cnhDulus 4s cbbb*<*ch bchslb* s+ 2sc ss0ul hnc. C+cs /+ hssgu* c+ h < h dbh* /h 2s dc hDuns s)*c h"s cb*cc h bs cn h3sh." <l h)lhudh*+ cu b3ss )c h*bs *u% P+unul sc su)usc 4s hdunh*ch sc <0)*+4 sc% unh dsn *c )+s+*s 2ssnd g*hbnsc *s0ss+ h"& *ugh )c hh.bs <n3clc) ul Csb) s+ bsnc/bshsc+ h hd+ugh cclb* hn scc 4s hcchs + <n <0)lh*c 0bdc*n+ 4s cCc0)lh*+.
&98

J s c *cgc hD 0un3slb* /cs s ul Bls0) nu )cn *u c+ sc *sdsc+ dchsu)*h ccB* gs h/<n h3s% dh b*sc h su)c*sb*s +3ss: nu )cn *u c+ sc c hlch.+ 3n c%h c )+*3slc% bbscc dc s0s h % 0+*c3sh: nu )cn *u c+ c ccl dsn <D ch*c"l 2hc s+ s *+lucchsc+ *h.clc sblh*c% ccn *u hl s)lcndb*ss DDDhscs h ch: nu )cn *u c+ sc <ncunun+ cu s clc% cul0c h nb*bculus ") <sc h ch: nu )cn *u c+ d+ shu sh nu0clc cc*ulus <nsu4s% <lcDcDc nscs*c h 2hs0cs% db0nsh? dh% <ns+% )cn *u c+ nscsbdh + nu Sc su)unc unb* /ulgh*c s0)*csss )hshgc*c? c+cs hu b 0h*c c hsu)*h h <nsu3s. #sn% ccl 0ul . s+"s s+*u c % s+"s 2sc cb/b* nb*ss% 4s ns0sc 0hs 0ul : 4s h4h% u sc ulbu*+% c+cs c b c0sncn3+ s0)hssbsl+. B 0Mc b)hcs h c nu sc )lchc+ /ulgh*cs hl c*n+*s h bhnclb*% nscs chsh* ccDcD h h2cc clb*: *+0<nc b dchunh su)c*sbh*+ uncs h < dc 0h c*shl D09Dc*h3ss. Mh*c c2cc hl )*udcn3cs c *c2lcc3sh dcs)*c ssnc. b *ccunb4lc2S h dss)b.s3scs hc uhlc% cb0)b* h*c dc s +)<n )c cugc ul +u. Pc sTs!D.D <s s*hns.ch.+ nc/*cdnsc bhnh db0snhn +% /ulgh*s h c bbs4nus T )u* h3s dc ch% s)un 4s 2hc g*c4cls. Sus3sn h.s ccch cc cbn *h.s3chu Dcn% 2b*3ch.+ uncb*s *h3sunch 4s chsh* b chlc+"n )scsbh*c% *+0<FD )c*)c uu <n )*bccs% sc0n hl cclcs 0hs nb hbslc )*bs ss. Pc u*HD ch cs nu"s *h h du)+ *h3sunch )c ch*c n"b hu% )cn *u c+ sc bblsg+ cbn *hdsc b*su 4s% 2ssndu"4s cbn *h*s 0hs %M cbn *h.sc h)bs )c b3s c<3s s<n : c 0hs bsnc. cunbs" % s+"s lh4s <n cbn2u.sh lb*% c+cs cu c< sc *c)cd 0hs s *c)cdc chd. &&9 . G*bsbl+nsh hcchs h nu s *sc+ nu0hs hDc sb ul cu Sh u*n 4s hd0s b ul cu Su)s c*% 2+*+ h"4s )+*+ss c Sh Dunss /bsn3h% cs sc <ncu**c3I 4D <0)b *s/h Dudcc+3ss: hl c*ch.+ b ul? /*c*ch 4s <n3clcgc*ch. L IcD ch b*scc )hssunc% dhc+ n"b )*c<n <0)sns.
&9'
dc h.s <n <s lb* < c<ndu"lc 0ul % cu C dc 0h*c s0)b* hn3+ s+ cunb4 s hcchs + s0bdc*h3sc h bhncs ch s"b <n/sngs% 4s h uncs chsh* sc cu/snc s+ <nclsns c+ *c cchlhl + cC *c0+% dhc+ c s+ )+*+sc4 s c< cbdh + 0sDlbcsh ns0c*s + s)*c h )b *s/s ls0bh dc c<n h* h )*udcn3cs&&&.
Ch)hcs h c 0ul su)c*sbh*+ db/cdc4 c )u sn3h dc h"3s )*c/cns 4s cb*sDh bhnh% ch*c c b sndss)b.s3sc h cugc ulus% sh* <n3clc) ul *cbusc s+ sc cb0)b* c 2h3+ dc ch ch 4s 2h3+ dc cclc hlc *u)ulus? nu cbndh0ns ss*b)ul c+ c h0h*: b*sc< l"h* hcu.h gus ul bblnh/: Dudcch h cb*cc ch.+: dccs h4h *cbusc s+ )*bccdc.s <n hgs h3sslc su)c*sbh*c. S<n unss h < dc cCccss/ dc ncbb*+.h3s% c+ 0c*cu lc /snc c< c b bhn+% 0c*cu 4chsbh)+ + dc )h s0+% ncsu2c*s3s )cn *u ccs ch*c"s 2*cc/cn ch.+% )+*sn3s /s *cgs hs cbn/c*sh3scs 4s du40hns hs cb*dshls +3ss% s *sc<nd b*scc cls)+ dc bun gus . S<n % dc bbsccs% 0h*s cbn *h.sc+ b*s h b cc"s bun 4s )*b cc b*s dbh* hs )*bs scs: lh b*scc h*gu0cn hu unul cbn *h*% b)un<ndu"sc nu0hsdcc< lh b cc s)unc ccl+lhl % nu0hs )cn *u c+ s"h <n *ccu ? c+cs dhc+ nu lc" h* 2s luh "b <nhsn c% h* 2s *su02h cs <n4s4s cu hcclh4s h*gu0cn ? 4s dhc+ ccl+lhl . dsscc*n+ b* &&7% ccdch.+% bh chsh* *ccc dc )h* ch lb*. ch s+ nu s *scc cbn/cnscn3h% cs *cc nu0hsdcc< dc cch hd/c*s+% d*c) ch*c cch 0hs 0h*c dsscc*nc*c <4s h2l+ d*u0ul scu* h . S<n % 2+*+ <ndbshl+% 0hs dc nclccus dcc< hdc/+*h3ss ncbuns% dcbh*ccc cu hcc4 sh 0c*gc s+ lc c<n3s <n s *un+% dh* cu hccsh c 0hs *+u: nu s<n dc 2blbs db/c.slc *h3sunss% dcbh*ccc% nch/<nd"b% nscs nu b hd0s . Csnc nu c dc)*sns cu 2s*ch hccs b* bh0cns = 4s s<n nh3ss <n *cgs h snsc dc hccs bc c4ug = c us0s lh <ncc)u dc b 0bns *ub.s h c h < dc ncbbs4nus +% dh*% sbnd<ndu"lc cC *h/hghn ul )b* . 2hcc un )*chdcs2+ + b* s)b* % c+cs cu0sn clc scsc cu dss snc3sc dsn b*scc )c scu* + u*h 2slb s0scs. C<nd sc <n <lncsc 4s sc <nchsc*+ <ns+ dbs dc b hccch4s s0)c* sncn3+ )bsb0b*s +% b+*bh ul cu0sn c s+ s ch dc /cghc 4s s+ nu 2hc+ )c sn c*0cdsh*ul% 4s cu <s gh*hn c. ccl 0hs )l+cu *+s s0)% cu cbnds3sh s+"4s hssgu*c )b.s3sh 4s s+ )*s/chsc+% dc lh hd+)bs ul cu0sn3cnscs shlc% hu*ss )*bs scs s *+snc. Dhc+ h*h*cb*s% 4s cu )*ssbs dc )*slcD% <3s /cs )sc*dc cu0)+ ul 4s chsh* s+*s h% nu /h 2s b /ulgh*s h c% c+cs h nu c su)+*h nscsbdh + <nsch0n+ h /bs s+ 2ss dbbs bc 0c*cu% dh* ncs +)<ns*ch )c*)c u+% 4s cu b 2clul dc )c*sbhnc% c b g*bsbl+nsc sn blc*hbsl+. Nc)l+cc*ch )c
&&& &&7

&&6
<n *"hcs sc <nd*u0+ )*c3us*ch: hcclch s<n ss0)lc hccsdcn c% sgnb*h c shu dh c us +*ss% 4s d+snusc *cu4s h. Mhs dcg*hb+% ccch cc su c s"h 2+cu su c sc /h dcs2hcc% 4s sc ss)*+/c4 c *c)cdc% )cn *u c+ h 2bs *c)cdc ss)*+/s . Cu c< 0hs 2*hgc.s cb)sss s+s% cu h < 0hs lcsnc"s <nghs c Sh u*n% sh* ccch cc h*c dc du*h b /c4nscsc h*c dc .+bb/s <nc+ )c"h < h ch s+ sc 2hc+. Dh* dhc+ b*sc+*cs *cu4s c <s dh b*+0 )*c3us*c% s0)*b/s.h b*slb*% h)lhu.c: cs dublch.+ c0sncn3h )*sn )*b0) s udsnc 4s nb*bcs*c. Unss chsb.uscsc 0ul % ch s+ *h c.c 0hs h)bs b ul% sh* hl b*h lc *cu4c4 c b ul 2+*+ h 2s chsb.us <nhsn c. #sbscsunch 0sn3ss su)lsnc4 c )*b2un.s0ch Dudcc+3ss% sh* s)bn hncs h ch b sh <nhsn ch 0cds h3scs. Pcn *u cs nu cCss + <n <0)l+*s nc)*c/+.u c% 2ssndc+ 2sdcls h ch )*b0) s udsnss lb* 3snc lbc dc )*c/cdc*c. S)*sn cnss s<n 0+guls*s hlc bunulus gus % sh* s0)*b/s.h b*ss /*hD+ h us0s*ss% dc hccch s<n h < dc h)lhudhbsls? 0hs bsnc scs 0sDlbcsslc nc)*c0cds h c dcc< su)c*lh s/clc )*cg+ s c dsn s0). Nu s)unch 0ul % dc4s bsnc% ccl cc
s)unch? >Ts0)ul 4s cu 0snc% c< <nc+ dbs: ls)sh dc s0) 4s cu 0snc% c< b*sc<3s." &&A Hs h dh s)us+% 4s 0hs /<* bs 2h) +. Csnc .scc s0) .scc b ? s2h ul% )*c/cdc*ch% 0b0cn ul )b *s/s % *+bdh*ch% bh c gh*hn3ss hlc *cu4s cs: dh* s0)*b/s.h3sh sc <nc*cdsn3ch.+ nu0hs )*b0) s udsnss 4s nb*bculus s+u. Du)+ cc )*c/cdc*ch )*c/snc% )*udcn3h hb +*+4 c 4s 0b0cn ul )b *s/s hDu +% sc <n <0)l+ ch *chls.h*ch s+ c4uc.c? dc /*c0c cc% dc unh ssngu*+% b )*b0) s udsnc <4s scbh c lh lu0sn+ *cu4s clc% s+"s h)lhud+0 nb*bcs*ch 4s cu*hDul: *bnc.c *cu4s h uncs hgc*s0s <n 2h3h c4cculus unus h*hss2h . Unss h *sbusc hccs c *cu4s c nu0hs nb*bculus% s"h* c+dch <ns+ 4s uncs )c*s)schcs +3s )*bdsgsbhsc. Dh b* nu sc *ccunbh4 c <ns+ hccs *clsc2 dc c*bs 2h3+ dc h* +: )cn *u b c *ccunbsc+ b* nh u*ss 4s nb*bculus. Nu <nch)c h* s2scsu c<nd 4s luh*ch"h0sn c hbsh c dc hDu b* u4u*sn3cs cbncc)c*ss% c<nd nu c lbc dc cugc h*c: sh* nb*bcul s)bn hncs +3ss% hcblb undc nu h 2bs s0) dc g<nds . Hu b*s h ch <s c dc hDu b* cbn *h s0)hsulus% 4s 2h*0ccul cbn *h ulbu*+*ss% 4s hs 2cl% 2bh* c s +)<n+ )c ds2scul h c 4s )c ssnc% )*b0) s udsnch nu /snc% /cdc 4s <n/sngc% cs <n/sngc% 4s h)bs /cdc 4s /snc. <4s )unc /s/hcs h ch lh <ncc*ch*c <n cclc 0hs g*clc <0)*cDu*+*s% sh* sn clsgcn3h <s hc3sbnch.+ ch <n *"un cbncu*s. B hnhnghsc s)b*c4 c dc bbsccs% lh 2cl ch 4s b ds2scul h c% )c*s)schcs h ch. Unss%
&&A
&&5
)c*h c% chl0ul cu ch*c chsb.ush% dc.sn/bl u*h cu ch*c s+/<*4ch% dcghDh*ch cu ch*c <nhsn h% )*b0) s udsnch cu ch*c ns0c*ch: c<nd hl3ss d+dchu dsn u0c*s% cl <4s dcs2+cch b*h3clc. Nu cCss hu ch.u*s nc)*c/+.u c )cn *u h cn3sh lus% nscs cbn2u.ss <n /sbscsunch lus% sscussn3h 4s cu0sn3cnsh lu<ndu"s"sc lh <n *ccc*c 4s% chsh* dhc+ lh u*0+ s"h ls)ss nb*bcul% nu 4s 2hs0h&&'. Pcn *u gcnc*hls 4s b*h/s lu) + b*s hccs h c h/hn hDul ccl 0hs 0h*c% )c c< dc u*gcn % )c"h < dc subls0% )cn *u c+ h)*bh)c bh c hc3sunslc lb* s<n s0)*b/s.h3ss% Dh* *chls.+*slc hgc*s0s: )c*scblclc nu sc )b ducc hcblb gh h s udsh c% nscs <n <0)l+*slc )*c/cns c: *cbusc s+ luc*c.s du)+ )*slcD% <n hcchs h cbns <nd *su02ul uncs )*b0) s udsns *cu4s c 4s /sc b*sslc hsu)*h lus. Ch *cgs% s<n 0hs )b *s/s3s *c2lcCs/ss% )cn *u c+ bh c hc3sunslc lb* s<n c c*nc% g<ndcsc )*sn 0ul3s% sc 2blbscsc dc )*udcn3c hDu + bh*c% 4s )cn *u *cu4s h uns/c*shl+ c ncccsh* b ul. Hu s0) 4s )h undc s+ ls sc cbhc+ dccs.sslc% g<ndsnd nb)3s <n *cgs ch s+ ns0c*chsc+ .suh% 4s. <n cclc dsn u*0+% <4s cCc*cs + 0hs 0ul ch)ul dcc< 0<snslc.

/Jbsc*/h3sc )cn *u 4 su b*s% dc4s )cn *u )*b4 s hh.% h 2bs )*cu0blh*ch lus Dsbgcnc &79 cu 2hclh h)*sns+ lh h0sh.+% s *ccu*<ndu"sc )*sn 0ul3s0ch ncnu0+*hbsl+ h uncs s *+.s. H dc/cns us0s*c c<nd% <n *cbh dc cc% *+s)unsc? >Chu bh0cns 4s db*csc s+ <n <lncsc unul% dh* nu"& g+scsc." >P+s hcc4 sh% <s *c)lsch*+ cs% nu s<n bh0cnsO" >Nu% *+s)unsc 2slb.b2ul% 2hndbscls dc bh0cns% dh: bh0cns hdc/+*h3s% nu." H4h cu0 cCss + <n.cs *+*s h)lhudhbslc% cCss + 4s dc2cc c 2bh* c )*bc0sncn c 4s% dhc+ hcclch dbb<ndcsc s s0h
cclb* hlc4s% hccs ch

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dss)*c3ul uns/c*shl. Ccl dc 2h3+ c dsn *c cclc 0hs *c0h*chbslc 4s cu hdc/+*h 2hs0bs% 2sc )*sn ssnc% 2sc )*sn sn4ss lh ch*c <l g+sc4 s: cl c h < dc /h*sh % <nc< c hnhlbg% sh* cs h <3sh% <nc< nu )b 2s s)ccs2sch3s. S<n 0ul c 3sn clc *<sulus% sh* hccsh% 2+c<nd )h*hd+% 3sn 0b*3s4 s+ 2sc 4s cs unh% <nc< % )cn *u h sc ds2c*cn3sh dc ccslhl3s bh0cns% u*0ch.+ b ssngulh*s h c cC *h/hghn + 4s b *cs)cc + <n b ul. S<n unss db0ns ch*c h* 4s )l+ s ch s+ )bh + /b*bs cu cch2h% s)*c h nu /b*bs% lh 2cl cu ccslhl3s% cu gu*h 4s. <n *uc< nu c cu )u sn3+% <4s )*c2hc glhsul% ss0ulch.+ bnul c02h sc% sn/cn ch.+ cC)*csss 4s 2blbscsc scu*s /c*bhlc ncs)us dc hh.lss% ch s+ 2sc <n bh c 2clu*slc cC *hb*dsnh*s. Mhs )*csus dc b*scc% <4s 0h* s*s.ch.+ gus ul% scb"3<ndu"4s"& dsn 3<3<ns: c lh 2cl cu hl cclb*lhl3s bh0cns 4s chsh* cu hl hns0hlclb*% dh* cs /b* s+ 4s"& dc.0sn + cu /sblcn3c dc b*sgsnhls h c% ch*c s<n 0hs 0ul )cdch)s+ )cn *u h2cc h*c dcc< <n+l3+*s hlc 0+*c3scs lb*. H* bch lc4sc uncb*s 4s h* l+udh"b ch )c ncc h*: lh gcnc*bsul *cgc hl lscb*slb* *cnun3+ )cn *u h)c 2hn c.ss c cc"3s lhs+ s. dc 0u*sc% sh* cs lc bb ch.+ h0b*b.sc% 4s s<n )c h < dc )lsns dc *+su2l+ u*+% )c c< dc gbs dc gcnc*b.s h c. Sn 2clul hccs h n+scbccsc .slnsc hl c luc*u*s ch s+"4s <0)sng+ 4s 0hs dc)h* c b*sgsnhls h ch% ccch cc lc 4s s.bu c4 c. <n *"hdc/+*% dcbh*ccc% cu0 0hDb*s h ch bh0cnslb* nu g+scsc <n hsc0cnch luc*u*s gus ul hdc/+*h 4s bun+ h ch *chl+ )*bsl+/s c dc cl% nscs nu )b2 csc lh clc% 4s cs *+0<n cu )*b)*sh lb* cC *h/hghn3+% chsh* dhc+ hl3ss b nu0csc s0)c* sncn3+. Cu hccch4s 0+su*+ shu h < dc ls)ss3s dc ch% sc cb0)b* + 4s <n *cs . Dc4s ncccss h ch% bh chsh* gus ul uncb*s% lc dc.0sn c ch)*scsul% b*sc< s"h* s *+dus cs s"b hscund+. Lc )lhcc unh 4s lhud+ hl h% cu0 s s"h <n <0)lh unus 0h*c bc*b s b* hl hccs cs scc c h cCcc)3sslb* 4s ch*c% b<nd dsn *"un /sn *c.s % nu s"h )u u s +)<ns 4s h cCclh0h % .sc<nd? >B% 0ul )*c3sbs ncc h* cc dhs gh h bhlsh0u*s 4s lschsb*u*s% )+ch c+ c4 s h < dc /ulgh*: hs 2s un sdbl hl )*sn3slb*% dhc+ c"h* bch nu0hs csQ" Dc )b0sn+ cs c c+% <n /scsslc /ulgh*c% cs nu sc *u4snch.+ c+ sch0+n+% nu .sc cu ccs 0hs Dbsnscs bh0cns% cs cu <nsc4s hns0hlclc% sh* <n luc*u*s b0cnc4 s /b* s+ ss0ulc.c <nsu4s*s du0nc.csc4 s. Cu 2h) clc c*bscc b*sgsnhls h ch cbnsun+ bsnc% 4s ns0sc nu h *hgc 0hs 0ul + /cnc*h3sc dcc< ss)*+/slc 0+*c3c. <n <n+l3s0ch s)s*s ulus 4s <n g<ndu*slc <nhl c cbns + g*hndbh*ch. Nu cCss + nbblc3c ch hccch h sns0ss% ch*c nscsbdh + nu chdc <n Dbsnscsc. #s*"
u ch c *+s+ u*+ h c*bscs +3ss% cu ch*c ds2c*cn3h cbnsun+ 2bh* c bsnc. Su/c*hnss *cbusc s+"4s duc+ /sh3h cu h h*c s *+lucs*c dc <n.cs *+*s% cu hsc0cnch s)lcndbh*c dc /s* u3s% <nc< % dhc+ s clclc dsn cc*% )+*+ssndu"4s s2c*clc cclcs c% h* cbbb*< s+ lbcushsc+ )*sn *c nbs% nu h* *+s hl 0sn c*s dcc< cs &7&. Lh cc 2blbs 0s*cs0clc dc h0b*+% dhc+ duhbh*ch 0b*h/u*slb* lc dc.0sn cO T*u)ul 4s"& )b <0b+ls+0h c< /b*% dh* nu s0b* hls.h su2lc ul. Nu c 0s*bs ch hcclh hl bunulus nu0c% nscs 0s*chs0+ ch hccch h 2hs0cs% ch*c sc ss0 c dc lh 0h*c dss hn3+. <s *ccbn2b* ch.+ )c h cn3s 4s lhs+ )*sn ch *ul lu0ss d<*+ dc h)lhu.c% d+snusnd /chcu*s <n *cgs. Dh* h4h cu0 hcchs + ncsu2c*s + h2cc h*c% )c ch*c b3s cu0sn3ss b 2lusc*+% )c unss <s 2hcc dc cs hbsls 4s chsh* snhbb*dhbsls% b h4h )c hl3ss <s 2hcc b*sgsnhls 2h) ul c+ nu /b* s+ 2sc 4s <nc+ 4s 0hs )u3sn s+ )h*+ hs 2cl. Hccs 2cl dc /sh3+ cbn2b*0 )*hc scss% b hcb0bdh*c cu bbs4nus ul% b <0bsnh*c h g*h/s +3ss cu b0cncscul l"hu 2+cu h < dc h)lhudhbsl )c cCcclcn sss0ul cbn c dc Hguslh* 4s 0h*chs. dc lh HsnbDbsh% hl dbslch 0cccnh hl nb.s *u&77. Sc hdh) h u u*b*h% 4s hs 2cl c*h subs dc b3s% <nc< )<n+ 4s du40hnss l"hu h)lhudh /su 4s l"hu )l<ns 0b* . S"h0 hu.s )c 0ul3s 4s 2bh* c cu0sn3s s)un<nd dcs)*c cl? >Hccs h 4 sc cu hdc/+*h s+ 2sc db0n 2+*+ 2hndbscls"% /b*b+ /*cdnsc+ dc un c*bu h < dc 0h*c.
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Cs c 4s hl sbs dsn *"hcc4 sh% ch*c nu s<n bh0cns% cs 0hs dcg*hb+ 2hndbss3s% dcbh*ccc% dhc+ ccs dsn <s s<n su)+*+ b*s% hcc4 sh s<n 4s *sdscbls: c /b*bh% .sc% dc ccs cc /b* s+ sc dcbscbchsc+ )*sn 2clul dc h sc <0b*+ch 4s s+ 2sc b*sgsnhls <n )b* : dc cs + b cc c )*hc sc 4s h*h + un sbs dc hn s)h sc 2h3+ dc u.: lc )lhcc s+ sc 3sn+ du)+ 0bdh /cchc% *c<nnbsnd scncc u3s. S<n hl3ss ch*c <n S)hnsh sc <0b*hc+ 2*hn3u.c4 c% 4s <n K*hn3h s)hnsblc4 c: nu
ls)scsc unss ch*c )lchc+ <n ch0)hnsc cu gulc* )lssh % sh* lh cu* c cu gulc* /hlbn% 2+c<nd hs 2cl )c 0hsch*hgsss /cs s3s% ch 4s cu0 .c2lc0chuh h* h/ch nc/bsc dc 2h*sc. Nscsbdh + nu *cbusc s+ dhs 0b s/ dc *<s nscs 0+ch* unus cb)sl% cu h < 0hs )u3sn b+*bh3slb* cu0sn3s 4s Dudscsb4s: dh* s<n 0ul3s ccs cc"4s )un )h*c+ bh + )*scc)c*ch lh b+ hsc ch s+ dch 0b s/c dc *<s 4s ch*c sc s *+duscsc s+ <n/csclchsc+ b<*2clslc. Zsuh <n ch*c nu h)h* cu /*cb b*sgsnhls h c *s.sbsl+ ls sc )h*c gbhl+: dh* cc s"h* 2hcc bh*c .c2lc0chuh unb*h 2+*+ 2hndbschlh cclb*lhl3sO Unclc /scss cbns s usc 0h c*sh hl b*h? <n 2clul hccs h% )*bs sh c nu *c3 hl 0u*0u*+*ss. Dh* dhc+ b*sgsnhls h ch 2*s/bl+ dsn cbhDh /c40<n ulus c bbscc dc bh Dbcu*+% cc s+ .scc0 dc cch l+un *sc+% hdsc+ h cugc ulusO S<n unss c+*b*h nh u*h )h*c h lc 2s )us gus ul 4s 0sn ch )c dbs% sh* cs 2hc )h*hd+ dc hs h nu0hs ch s+ nu u*0c.c cu*cn ul% bs.h*s <n cugc h*c% )h*hdbChls <n gus u*s 4s hnb*0hls <n b ul? c+cs cch 0hs 0h*c 2hndbschl+ c 2+*+ dbh* 4s )bh c cch h sn clcc ulus. Hl3ss <4s )lhsch.+ ch)*scsul <n *"b h*bghn3+ cu b ul dc4h* +% n+scu + dsn *"b 2hn c.sc ncbunchsc+ 4s c+) u4s + cu )*bs sc: hs 2cl% ss0ulch.+ b g*h/s h c su)+*+ bh*c <n bh c 4s cu b3s% <nc< )h* h c bnb*h cu b )*s/s*c h*unch + 4s h"3s /b*bs dbh* dsn 0sl+. S<n nh3ss <n *cgs h snsc dc bhnh hs h? sh* dhc+ 4s nu0hs )cn *u unul ch cs *<sul nu )bh c 2s s +)<ns % cc /h 2s <n *"b 0ul3s0c h < dc *sdscbl+O Ksc /b*bs*ch cu Dudcch +% luc*h*ch cu )b *s/s*c% 0b*h/u*slc sc*sbhsc% hc3sunslc c*bscc? c+cs hs h"& 2hcc )c un b+*bh /cnc*hbsl% sh* nu )*c.u03sslc 2hn hs scc. Dsscu*sul hccs h c*s sc nscs nu /c4 cDc4 c hdc/+*h h sc*sb.s h c% 0c*cu h cn + lh cu/ssn3h sh? c/s h*ch 2h0slsh*s +3ss% )+s *h*ch 2lb*ss *cs)cc ulus 4s% ch <n cshcul chsculus cs&76% )*c3us*ch. Bs<ndc4 c <ns+% dcssgu*% cCccsul dc b*sgsnhls h c dc4h* +% cc s2<*4c4 c bh + <n s2bsc snu slc.
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HUTBRUL? Nb hbsl+ csud+3cnsc cch h )c*4slb*% s+ nu /bshsc+ h"4s /cdch 2sss )<n+ nu <0)lsnchu 4h) c hns. Nscs chsh* d*hgbs ch )h c*n+% ch*c% 2+*+ <ndbshl+% c cch 0hs 0h*c% nu c*h dc hDuns ch s+ dc.0sn + shu 0+ch* s+ hscund+ cusu*u*slc cb)sl+*scs bbs4nus c. Nu"s sbcb chu cb)ss hs lb* )<n+ cc nu"s /cdchu cugc <nd. CHNBNSCUL? P+s dhc+ un h + nu"& )bh c su2c*s )c un 2su sgnb*hn 4s h4 ch) + /*c0c dc 4h) c hns )*ch2*u0bhsh *h3sunc s)*c h"& )*s0s hl+ u*s dc ssnc gh h ch)hbsl% cc c dc 0s*h*c dhc+ un b+*bh )*scc)u nu )bh c blc*h )c un )*bs s *+sn 4s"& <ndc)+* ch.+ dc sn s0s h ch"s cul +O HUTBRUL? Dc4s h < dc )*c/+.+ bh*c% nh u*h nu"4s ducc b)c*clc lh dcs+/<*4s*c <nc+ dsn )*s0h .s% nccu0 h* h dsbhcc: lc 2hc s+ )*bg*csc.c <n 2scch*c .s% )<n+ c<nd lc <0)lsncsc.
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c% c+cs bh c <ncc)u u*slc luc*u*slb* s<n 0scs% chsh* 4s hlc cclb* 2bh* c 0h*s% 4s dbh* )u3sn c< c )u3sn hDungc0 lh 0ul ul 0ul hl 2ssn3cs )c*2cc c. Luc*u*slc ch*c hDung *c)cdc lh dcs+/<*4s*c /hlb*ch.+ )u3sn 4s d+snusc 4s 0hs )u3sn: b 2lbh*c su c sc 2hcc 4s su c sc dcs2hcc% dh* un dsh0hn % ch*c h .+bb/s )<n+ s"h 2b*0h % hs)s*+ s+ 2sc /c4nsc. HUTBRUL? K+*+ <ndbshl+ c+ hcclh4s luc*u sc <n <0)l+ 4s cu bh0cnss% ch*c nu sc )b0cncsc 2+cu3s dsn *"b dh +. Sc )c*2cc3sbnch.+ dc lh b .s lh hl h% 2s.sc 4s 0b*hl dcb)b *s/+% )<n+ cc hDung lh <n *cgs*ch db*s + h bunulus ss03&7B% lh 0h u*s h ch gus ulus 4s lh dcs+/<*4s*ch uncs b+*bh3ss <0)lsns c. CHNBNSCUL? C cc/h h < dc ssgu*% <nc< lh 2scch*c )hs b /cdc0 4s b /c4 cDs0 lh unss% cc 4 su 4s g<ndcsc cu hdc/+*h % dh* sc cunbh4 c c+ <nc+ nu s<n dcs+/<*4s3s% c+ <nc+ lc ls)sc4 c cc/h% uncb*s chsh* cc c 0hs bun: 4s s<n 4s hscs u*cu4u*s 4s cbbb*<4u*s% c+cs 4s sn cnss h ch dsscc*n+ bh*c 0c*gc <n *c) c. Unss s<n lh <ncc)u dc b <n )*scc)c*c% dh* sc /b* 2b*0h. Hl3ss s<n 0hs h/hnsh3s <n b ul% sh* unss hu 4s hDuns lh <0)lsns*ch <n.cs *+*slb*? c nc/bsc dc 0ul ch s+ dc/ss b+*bh <n *u b ul dcs+/<*4s . HUTBRUL? Lh 2cl% h4 s)unc cu% cu0 c bun+ gcnc*bhsh lscbh*c% 4s cu h < 0hs 0ul dhc+ /snul c bun? h*c% lh
<ncc)u % b dulcch3+ h*c nc)l+cu +% h hs)*s0c ncsu2c*s +% nc2ssnd <nc+ 2+cu : dh*% du)+ cc <ncc)c s+ 2sh*b+% <ncc)c s+ sc cu*c3c% <4s )sc*dc cu s0)ul c*uds h ch dsn <s% <4s cb*cc ch.+ dulcch3h su)+*+ bh*c 4s dbb<ndc4 c b nbblc3c )*chsuh/+% cc 0+gulc4 c )<n+ 4s )*sn culbh*c 4s h *hgc cu )h*2u0ul% sh* c<nd sc 4s h2l+ <n h)bgcu% cs c h*hn+ )cn *u bh0cns% 4s chsh* ncc h* )*bsl+/s . D*c) ch*c <n3clcg dc cc 4s"hu s0hgsnh bh0cnss c+ Su)s c* 4s &"h /<*< )c 2ccsb*h4ul s+u lc)+dh % Bhcchus% nu <n gu*+% su)+*+ b* )cn *u gus )*sn ncdcs+/<*4s*c% cs <n gcnunchs% c*csc*ul )+s *<ndu"4s"& )cn *u Phlhs cch dsscc*n+ bh*c. CHNBNSCUL? <n chs)ul hccs h% <n chsu)ul 2*hgsl hl *u)ulus sc dcs+/<*4c4 c cugc ul )c .s cc *ccc. Nu hDungc cu*<nd <n h)bgcu. Lh <ncc)u hu b3s bh0cnss b su)+*+ bh*c dulcch3+ h cb)sl+*scs% b c*uds h c nc)l+cu + h snc*c3ss? hccl s. hl dcs2+ +*slb*% hcch h)lcch*c s)*c luc*u*s ncsc*sbhsc% <ndclc nscs*s Du/cnslc% bcu)h3ss 2*s/blc: 4s chsh* dhc+ uncb*s% lh unss% 0h u*s h ch c hn scs)h +% sc cunbh4 c c+ c <nhsn c dc /*c0c du)+ s+*bc.chl+. Lh hl3H% sc*sb.s"
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uncb*s cu )hgub+ uns/c*shl+% du)+ cu0 c 4s bblsgh3sh? c+cs nu nu0hs <n )c*2cc3sunch bbs4nus + h )*udcn3cs sc dcs+/<*4csc bh0cnss% cs 4s <n cclc h)h* c hlc 2scc+*cs s +*s 4s sluDbc. HUTBRUL? H4hdh*% un *cgc sc 2hccO CHNBNSCUL? Dh% nu sc nh4 c gh h 2+cu % 0h*c bbscc hl )*udcn3cs 4s hl cC)c*scn3cs% c+cs c nc/bsc dc b 0sc dc )c*2cc3suns ch s+ hDung+ lh b h < dc 0h*c <0)lsns*c. Un gcnc*hl sc 2hcc cu )*c3ul s<ngclus s+u 4s hl cclb*lhl3s% un b*h b* du)+ 0ul s udsu 4s cCc*cs3su: )<n+ 4s un 0cdsc% ch*c% ch s+"& scbhlc )c unul dsn )h % h /<*< b su + <n 0b*0<n . Tb3s sc 2hc *c) h % )<n+ cc hDung <n h)bgcul dcs+/<*4s*ss lb*. HUTBRUL? s <n *cb? hccs h)bgcu lh ch*c hDung *+0<nc 2sCO CHNBNSCUL? Hs h c nc2c*scs*ch ncs h b*nscscs nbhs *c. Nu cCss + 2c*scs*c% )cn *u c+ nu cCss + nscs b s ch 2sC+% dc lh lun+ <n Dbs: nu c s h*c% cs nccbn cns + schs0bh*c <n b ul. Bh c*c4 c*c% bh dcsc*c4 c*c% nu0hs schs0bnbss*c dc"h < h schs0bh*c. HUTBRUL? H4hdh*% 0b*hlul u*0ch.+ nh u*hlul 4s dcchd cu /<*s h 0c0b*sh 4s chsh* sn clcc ulO CHNBNSCUL? Dh. 4s bc0hs dc"hccch c bsnc s+ )*sn.s b ul lh 0b0cn ul )b *s/s 4s s+ <n/c3s h c bucu*h dc luc*u*s <n h)bgcul lb*% 4s cu h < 0hs 0ul dc b+*bh3ss )*scc)u3s. HUTBRUL? Dc 0ul c c nc/bsc ch s+ hDungs lh cul0ch )c*2cc3sunslb* 4s <n.cs *+*slb*. CHNBNSCUL? Mhs <n <s csb0+gc4 c #ulchn&75% du)+ ch*c cbn *sbusc 4s .cul: )c hh <*u*slc nh u*ss sc h4h.+ bsnc cul u*h% hdsc+? s<*gusn3h lh <n/+3+ u*+ 4s 2*cc/cn h*ch nc<n *c*u) + h <n3clc)3slb*% 2sc 0b*3s% <n c+*3slc lb*% 2sc /ss% <n cbn/c*sh3sh lb*? cC)c*scn3h ssgu*+% bbsc*/h3sh Dudscsbhs+% 0<nus*ch dc subscc c subls0c% /h*sc h ch sluDbclb*. Tbh c hccs c luc*u*s cbn *sbusc lh bb3snc*ch unus b0 dcs+/<*4s % b+*bh dc)lsn 4s )c*2cc % )c ch*c"& )b3s cunbh4 c du)+ *cu4s h Dudcc+3ss% 0h u*s h ch gus ulus: /b*bc4 c cu h cn3sc% luc*ch.+ cu c0cs% <n3clc) <n
s)usc% cu0sn c <n 2h) c% ccn *u hl b*sc+*cs )c*2cc3suns. HUTBRUL? Hcu0 .sc c+ nu c dcs ul+ h)*ccsc*c )cn *u un b0 <n h)bgcu. CHNBNSCUL? C c<4 sg% nu dbh* h)*ccsc*c% s+ 3s"& chu3s d*c) )*sc cn% s+ 3s"& h *hgs d*c) s2+ us b*% s+"& <ndh b*c.s ch )h *bn 4s s+"& s0)lb*s ch 0hcs *u.
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Cul u*h *b0hn+ 4s cbn/cnscn3h sc <n *cc <ns+ )c ssnc <n b)c*clc nc0u*s bh*c hlc sc*ss b*slb* lb* )*bdsgsb4s. Hcblb s *+luccsc sngcnsb.s h ch cclb* cc sc*su 4s /*cdnscsh cclb* dcs)*c ch*c sc sc*sc% /s cDsh cugc clb* unb*h lu<ndu"sc lh <n *ccc*c cu cch h sngcnsb.s +3slb* cclb*lh3s. Unclc )*b/sncss )+s *ch.+ <ns+ hcchs + <0)bdbbs*c 0b4 cns +% 4s <n cch 0hs 0h*c 0+su*+ cul h S hlsc% <n chls h c dc ccn *u hl s0)c*sulus. Tbh c b*h4clc cs s<n <0)bdbbs c% h < <n c<*0us*ch )bls sc+% )*ccu0 4s <n cch ccbnb0sc+. <n S)hnsh% <ng*sDs*ch db0nc4 c 0hs 0ul )*sn *c )c*sbhnc dcc< <n lh u*h 0h c*shl+ h b*h4clb*% nu )cn *u c+ h* 2s dc 0hs 0h*c lhud+% c+cs bh*bh*sh% 4s <n 0sc% b bh*bh*sc 4s dss)*c3us + cs c. <n K*hn3h% <0)bdbbs*ch h*c h < h *ccc*c% <nc< dc/snc clcghn3+% 4s hnu0c <n nbblc3c. S<n )*c3us c h* clc% s<n /cnc*h c ls c*clc? 2slb s0sh% cu* cnsh. dsscc*nc*ch% b ul c <n h)bgcu. Ccs 0hs nbbsls sc 0<nd*csc h 2s ccs 0hs 4 su b*s 4s 0hs cs s3s? c+cs ns0sc nu"s cul s/+ 0hs 0ul )c bh0cns dcc< <n/+3+ u*h. P*sn *c 0ul3s b+*bh3s c0sncn3s s *+lucc4 c h.s )*bdsgsbsul K*hncsscb Kslhbl&6(% )*cb 4s )*cb dc *<nd<n s2<n h 4s 0c *b)bls hnh bssc*sc+ S2. c2hn dsn Tbulbusc% b+*bh cu b h < h <ngcnsb.s h c c< 4s gus % du)+ cu0 b db/cdcsc cclc dbu+ bsblsb ccs hlc shlc% )*s0h% h b)c*clb* )*b)*ss% sh* h dbuh. h cclb* s *+snc. Ksss +s s<n )l+cc*ch 4s 2blbsul? c+cs dhc+ <n *"b g*+dsn+% ccch cc 0+gulc4 c ccl 0hs 0ul % du)+ bunh clcc3sunc h )lhn clb* 4s 2lb*slb*% c dss)unc*ch lb* ns0c*s +% cu c< bh*c% <n g*+dsnh cugc ulus% /b* bsnc0c*s h 0hs 0ul gus ul% 0s*chs0h s)usclb* 4s 2slb s0sh 2h) clb*% *clsc2h c dc cul u*+O Sc <n <lncsc bh0cns 2s*csc <0)bdbbs3s% <n ch.ul c+*b*h g+ chlh )h*c h 2s nu g*sD+% cs )u c*c: nu"4s <ng+dusc nscs cch 0hs 0+*un + dc.b*dsnc <n luc*u*slc lb*% lc c <nn+scu + clcghn3h% h < cch sn c*sbh*+% c< 4s cch cC c*sbh*+: hu b sns0+ cc nu *hbd+ dcs)bdbbs*ch. Lus HlcChnd*u <s )l+cch cul u*h )<n+ 4s <n h*0h c% <nc< )+*chu% s)unch Cu* sus% g*u)u*s dc scnh b*s 2*u0bs <0b*+ch3s 0hs dcg*hb+
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B" 7udscs!s 4s ptrun0t!r6 #c.s% Br., ('% cu s lu sdcn sc. M!"!s6 #c.s 0hs sus% Cr., nb h (9. hl!chh "!r"*ntulus6 #c.s Mht., 76% 75? >#hs /bu+% c+* u*h*s 4s 2h*sscs 2+3h*nscsQ C+ /+ hsc0+nh3s cu 0b*0sn clc cclc /+*us c% ch*c )c dsn h2h*+ sc h*h + 2*u0bhsc% <n+un *u <ns+ s<n )lsnc dc bhsc dc 0b*3s 4s dc bh + nccu*+3sh". BM JUDSCSBS S PTRUNZTBR 79'
4s nscs nu s<n sh ss2+cu3s dc b cc s *+lucc4 c: dss)b.s3sh c*s sc+ lc sc*/c4 c d*c) c hlbn% )cn *u h dcbscbs 2hlsul dc hdc/+*. S<n 0h*s dcscs2*h b*s hs sn cn3sslb* 4s scb)u*slb*% )u* <nd 0c*cu hsu)*+"lc cbn *hcs2*ul Dudscsbs. Cu )u3snc /sc b*ss hsu)*h lb* s"h l+udh h0+gs*ch% sh* sgnb*hn3h cu 4s 0hs )u3snc. Hcchs + c0sncn3+ &"h 2+cu )c Thcs h < dc h)lhudhbsl <n *u )h* sculh*% sh* )c Scncch dc /cnc*h <n *u gcnc*hl. Nu cCss + <n.cs *h*c 0hs b)us+ /ulgh*s +3ss: ch ssngu*+ c su2scscn + )cn *u h"3s c*ch *c)u h3sc dc dsscc*n+ b*. #ulgul% dc4s 0c*cu *+u +csbs% nu c 4s Dudscsbs 4s% cu bh c c+ s)unc b ul% nu <n3clcgc b ul: *h*cb*s dsscc*nc <n *c h)h*cn 4s hdc/+*h : nc4 ssn3h c 2bh* c cb0un+% sh* g*c4chlh 2bh* c )lcbcc. Nu 0u4c+ nscsbdh + dcc< cbhDh% 4s% hs 2cl% bch 4s <nghs c b*scc% 2+*+ ssl+ dc 0sncsun+. Cc /*cdnsc dc /+.u c unul dsn *c hcc4 s ccn.b*s hs /hlb*ss 4s dcscb)c*s b*s hs ch)hcs +3ss% cu0 0hs lu) + s+ )*snd+ un subscc Q Dh* cc s+ s)unc0 c<nd dbs Dudscsb4s% unul )c ccl+lhl sc h hc+ dcb)b *s/+% cu h*0c cghlc <n h cn3sc 4s bbsc*/h*c% 2scch*c db*snd s+ su*)*snd+ ch)hcs h ch ccluslhl % cu c< + dsb+csc sc lb/csc% cc )*ccs.sc <n )hl)+*s. cc su)*h/cghc*c h cu/<n ulusQ Ghsccsc cugc ul% sbndch.+ h2cc clc% c<ns+*csc )*udcn3h. Nu sc 0ul3u0csc cu b *cu4s + shu dbu+. c+cs s"h* )u ch s+ 2sc dbh* nb*bc% nscs cu dbu+ /b*bc bunc% c+cs s"h* )u ch s+ 2sc h0sn s*c. H4h 2hc cs hnh b0sh cugc ulus% cCh0cnul cu)*sndc*ss% cc*cc <nd 4s cu0)+nsnd h < *h3sbnh0cn clc% c< 4s h2cc clc% c+cs dsn cCcclh*ch h0<ndu*b*h sc <n *cgc4 c b ch)hcs h c su)c*sbh*+. Nu c 4bs0 ch*c s+ sc *b chsc+
0hs <ndclung hsu)*h )*+.ss% nscs H*gus ch*c s+ dcschsd+ 0hs 0ul3s bchs% )*ccu0 cs% h cn3ss% lh sn cn3sh s *+sn+: h4h <nc< 2hc hnh b0sh unus sns )<n+ <n *+*unchs 4s )c lbc <l dc2sncsc du)+ )*b)*sc +3s 4s cscn3+. Cs c b 0h*c )l+cc*c s+ c <n <lnc4 s cu unul ch cs 4s s+"& c<4 sgs% c+cs nu0hs /s* u ch )*sc cnscs <3s <ng+dusc hcccs lh ss03s*ch lb*: sc 2c*csc? )c c< s<n dc )*b0)3s s+ c*s scc% )c"h < h s<n dc *c sccn3s s"b s)un+: *cs)cc + 2+*+ hbh c*c cchlhl + 0h*c s *h hgc0+ dc h g<nds cu ccs )u3sns 4s h /b*bs cu ccs 0ul3s&(&? dh* c<nd% <n ssgu*hn3h )*sc cnscs 4s lh hd+)bs ul <nc*cdc*ss% <4s dcsch*c+ g<ndul% b% c< c <n/h3+% b% c< c lu0snch.+Q G+scsc ch cgb*sh )b *s/s + 2scc+*ush% )unc ul nc/*hlgsc hl 2scc+*cs hc3suns% )*c3us*ch 2scc+*cs s)usc% chls"
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lh nh4 c*c? )cdch)s+ )b *s/s + )cn *u c*u.s0ch 0sn3ss lb*. Unh c s+ 2ss Mb0bs dc )*bs gus % dcbh*ccc sc h*+nc4 c dsn )u *c.scsunc: hl cc/h c un )*chsn cg*u Ch b% ncs)us dc hlcs subs b* hl cchs +3ss. Bh0cnss hcc4 s s<n ch ns4 c b*hcblc Dudscsbhsc hlc hdc/+*ulus% Dudcc+ b*s nc)+ s0h4s hs 0c*s clb*% dh* s.blh3s 4s nch)*b)s"sndu"sc dcc< dc hl3s dsscc*n+ b*s% )cn *u c+ hdc/+*ul nu )bh c 2s <nc*cdsn3h nscs *+u +3ss% nscs sgnb*hn3cs% hccch 2ssnd )<*< bh*c% sh* hcchs h snch)hbsl+. C<nd <ns+ )*sn *"un su)*c0 nb*bc sc <n <lncsc dbs dsn *"hcc4 sh 4s <4s <0)+* +4csc )+*c*s% c*s scs% *h3sbnh0cn c 4s cunb4 sn3c% sc cu/snc ch un hsc0cnch c/cns0cn s+ 2sc <nsc0nh cu b )sh *+ )*c3sbhs+ 4s <nchsnh Mu.clb*% G*h3sslb* 4s Msnc*/cs. Hcchs + dsscc*nc*c nscs nu c dbh* s)cculh s/+% cs 2bh* c )*hc sc+% <n s)ccshl <n ch.ul cclb* h2lh3s lh c<*0us*c% )cn *u c+ lh lu0snh cs dcscb)c*+ hlcn clc )cn *u sluDbc% sbndch.+ ch)hcs +3slc )cn *u dss *sbus*c% 0+sbh*+ )u c*slc 2scc+*ush )cn *u )*b2cssc 4s c<n +*csc 0c*s clc )cn *u *+s)lh +% shu )ulsul 2s*slb* 4s sngcnsb.s +3slb*% unclc ch s+ 2sc dc)h* c% hl clc h)*bh)c% 4s dss)un b ul% 2ssndc+ <n3clcg b ul. Hlcg cu h* +% nu lh <n <0)lh*c: dcscb)c*+ nu0hsdcc< *clsc2u*slc 4s dc2cc clc 2scc+*us sns% c0sncn3h shu 0cdsbc*s h ch% ccch cc h* )u ch 2s 0hs 0ul 4s ccch cc 0hs )u3sn. Nu <nch)c hscs )sbhsh h2cc3sunc% c+cs 0hs <n <s c hdcc/h*ch: nu )h s0h% nscs h0+gs*ch. cclc dbu+ /cs s c s <ncs hscunsc hlc *cu4s clb*% c+cs dhc+ hcchs h <nsch0n+ h c h0+gs% hccch <nsch0n+ h /bs s+ c h0+gc4 s. Tb dchunh )*chsn cg*s Dudcc+ b*s hs *h3sunss% ch*c 2+*+ bchs /+d 0hs 0ul % 4s 2+*+ 0<sns h sng 4s )s)+sc b ul. Mh*c 2c*scs*c c lsbc* h ch dc Dudcch +% )c ch*c n"b s*hnsscsc nscs sgnb*hn3h bb4 chsc+% nscs
sl+bscsunch s)ccshl+: bh + c h hdc/+*ulus% dc4s uncb*s% )cn *u ssgu*hn3+ 4s d*hgbs c% /*ch s+"& hd+)bs chsc+ <n hl h*ul sn s0s +3ss shlc% )+s *<ndu"s hsnh )cn *u ch. Pc l<ng+ 2h) ul c+ c dcs2+ + bh*c% c+cs <n *"hdc/+* h4h cs c hcchs + 0h*c cu)*sndc*c h luc*u*slb*% 4s <nc+ 0hs 0ul h sn4slb* h ch.u*slb* 4s chu.clb*% h c2cc clb* 4s h2cc clb*% c 4s 2blbss bh*c. Cch 0hs dc sch0+ <ndclc nscs*c 4s chsh* g*sD+ h cs cs c s+ dss"cch*n+ <n *c dsscc*n+ b*s 4s )*b4 s% ssngulh*s 4s /ulgh*s% )cn *u hlcgc*ch sn s0slb*: c+cs h4h cu0 cch 0hs bun+ s *h hgc0+ lh Dbcul dc c+*3s c h 4 s s+ schs0bs c+*3slc% b h4h cch 0hs 0h*c *cgul+ h /sc3ss c h 4 s s+ *cnun3s."
212 DSSCCRNTBRUL

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<n ls c*c% bh chsh* sub )sclch /s* u3ss: 4s dc/snc 2h0slsh*+ )<n+ 4s cu ccs h)*bh)c c*bs% dh* ch*c cu hdc/+*h nu s<n % dcbh*ccc cu )u3sn <4s u0)lu gu*h 4s s b0hcul% ncbbs4nus cu 0h*s <0buc+ u*s hlc sb*3ss &(A. Khc h*c 0ul )c hc s/ss bc0hs ccs ch*c hu 0hs )u3snc 0b s/c: 0c*g lh /<n+ bh*c dc )*slcDu*s 4s lc cChgc*ch.+: dc4s luc*u*slc /hlb*ch.+ 0hs )u3sn dcc< ns0sch% cs lc lhud+ )cs c )bh c. Khc dsn bh c 0ss c* cu )bndc*c% 4s dsn b*scc 0scs0c 2hc ulus*c. Tbh c hlc lb* s<n cclc 0hs g*b.h/c dsn lu0c% bh c hc3sunslc lb*% 0h*s ss)*+/s: /sh3h lb* <n *chg+ s + <n 0snuns% sh* <n <0)l+*slc lb*% 0s*hcblc hlc sb*3ss 4s subscc c hlc 2hs0cs. Lh cs nu c ns0sc bbs4nus % bh c s<n cCcc)3ss dc cu*hD% 4 ssn3+ 4s nb*bc? ch0clcbns hs h)lhu.clb*% b2c*snd u u*b*h sndsgcs ss dc *<s. Tb dchunh h 2bs )*bs chsc+ b*scc <n2u0u*h*c% dh* l+ud+*b4cnsh c sn blc*hbsl+. B+*bh3ss cu0sn3s n+.uscsc 0hs dcg*hb+ s+ 2sc dcc< s+ )h*+ 0h*s. Hcc4 sh sc 0ul3u0csc nu0hs cu h)h*cn3h% h4h <nc< lh cs /bsn3h dc h )+*ch nu c db/hd+ dc subls0s h c% cs% ds0)b *s/+% dc /c*s hbsl+ 0scs0c? c+cs b*scc luc*u ls s"h )+*u 0ul . H2c*h*ch nh4 c dsn *"b 0scs0c <ng<02h + 4s dsn *"b h*bghn3+ u0sls +? c+cs nu b3s *sdscblss *+ +cs b*s hu sc4s dsn Ph h hccch&(5% cs 0hs cu*<nd hu sn *h <n cch h dssc*cds +*ss lb*. H h*c bh0cns )h* dc ncc*c.u % dh* cCss + cu hdc/+*h % 4s <nc+ h <3sh% <nc< nc s.bs0 dc cs 4s lc hscul +0 .slnsc *sdscblclc 2h) c /s cDc4 s% chsh* dhc+ h0 /*ch 0hs 0ul s+ 2ugs0 dc clc% c+cs dhc+ *u2sh b dchunh h 2bs su)+*+ bh*c% <n ch.ul hccs h% dc *<sul lu0ss: 4s )c undc chu + ccs 0hs 0ul3s )*c3us*ch% dhu dc dss)*c3? c<nd <4s <nchs)usc c+ s<n hd0s*h3s% sc )b0cncsc c+ b3s *<d dc cs. Nu nh4 c dsn <n+l3s0c dc cugc % cs dsn Dbsnscsc h sns0ss% dcbh*ccc nu hs)s*+ lh hdc/+*h h *c)u h3sc% cs lh cch h)h*cn +% nu lh hdc/+*h clc ss)*+/s% cs lh h2c*h*c. s hs 2cl% s<n unss ch*c nu s<n sbldh3s% dh* db*csc s+ 2sc% 4s b ss0ulch.+% 4s sc s *+dusc s+ )h*+: chu + )*slcDu*slc 4s b*scc cb)sl+*sc cc ls sc s/c4 c b )*bsl+/csc% 4s
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2hc 0hs 0ul + .h*/+ )cn *u b h/cn u*+ <nchs)us + dcc< *+.bbsnscul 4s nb*bcbsul 0h*chs. dc Tb**ccusb &(8 )cn *u b s *+)ungc*c h *hn4cclb* lh Kucn c**hbsh% )cn *u b dcs)*csu*h*c h Pc*)sgnhnulus 4s )cn *u <n2*<ngc*ch lh c<0)
dcschss% dc h < ch b*s% h b*h/clb* 4s nu0c*bhsclb* b4 s*s 2*hncc.c. Hl3ss sc h*h + g*b.h/s 0sns4 *s% ss0ul<nd .cl 4s bcu)h3ss% 0h*s bh0cns gh h s+ 2hc+ b dchunh ch. dsn nbn"ch.: )cn *u cs nu cCss + chu.+ 0+*un +? dsn 2s*c dc )*h2 s <*ncsc 2u* uns 4s dsn 0+*un3s4u*s .gb0b 0h*c: sc dhu 2bh* c bcu)h3s% hh sh3s dc bdshn+ 4s *+gh.: /b*bcsc 0ss c*sbs: <n 2scch*c gcs shu schs0+ <nchsd b )*b2un.s0c% <n *c cCclh0h3ss 4s *c3snc*s? h4h <nc< )un <n 0s4ch*c 0hs 0ul c 0h4sn+*ss dcc< 0c4 c4ugul lus Juhnclb &('% cu b h < h .gb0b 4s 2blbs )u3sn. Hl3ss u0bl+ cc*4snd ss)*+/s% 2u*nscu3c hlc bnbh*cs% ch*c% lh un ssngu* g*+un c% cc dcscb*s nu"s dcc< un )hs. *hg 0hs hhb nscs 4s 0hs <nc<n h3s dcc< /*cdnscclc sc)c *b h c <nh+0h c lh ch*ul .cs3cs Cc*cs% c/hd*sgh s *+lucs*ss: 4s c <n *u b ul b cb0)b* h*c dc g+sn+ s+ cb cbd+cc4 s bh + .suh 4s )<n+ lh u*0+ s+ 2hcs un bu. S hu s+ nhsc+ 0un3s *u2h4s 4s u02lh3s 4s lch)+d+ h)bs un 4bh*ccc *sdscbl &B9. Mh*c ds2c*cn3+ cs c <n *c hc s/s 4s h2c*h3s% bh chsh* b)b.s3sc% )cn *u c+ hccsh% cu c< lc c 0hs 0h*c c0sncn3h% cu h < h 2hc 0hs )u3sn+ )h*hd+ dc ch: sc 0ul3u0csc cu 2+cu ul 4s lhs+ hl b*h /b*bs ul% sh* dhc+ nu% /b*bcsc dcs ul luc*u*slc ssngu*c. C+cs dhc+ un Cc.h* s"h cb0cn h )c ssnc <nsu4s% 0bdcs sh lus s"h dc)+4s /hlbh*ch% n"h <nd*+gs lhudh dc ssnc% cs hdc/+*ul. Hccsh"4s d+*uscsc ss)*+/slc% hcc4 sh 4s lc /<nd% 4s chsh* lc scu0)csc% n+scbcsnd 0sD"
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hu un dsntc... prsntrc dsns6 Cchs/hl+0% 2blbssnd cC)*csss *b01nc4 s hsc0+n+ bh*c% Dbcul dc cu/sn c dsn b*sgsnhl? >nb Scs cn *h dc lbs dscn cs hdcn *b lh sgnb*hncsh% hss cb0b Scs shlc dc sbsbs lbs dscn cs h2uc*h lh h2cc hdh hlhbhn.h". &B7 nu "hs crh trsu"k, cs p!rcrsc6 <n hccs )hshD% H* u*b dcl Hb!b /cdc unh dsn hlu.sslc dc )*b cs su*d 4s s*s h s *ccu*h c dc G*hcs1n <0)b *s/h lus Ksls) hl S#"lch% 0bnh*h cc"4s ducch )bls sch dc.hs *ubhs+% <ncbnDu*<ndu"sc cu b lsb + dc hdulh b*s 2+*+ 0+su*+. Pc l<ng+ 0ul clc ss)*+/s csncgc scc clbgsh c dc sc*ss b*ss /*c0ss% b )c*2b*0hn3+ *+sun+ bh*c h 2bs <0)u4ch*ch unus hu* <n *"b sncsn + dc lc0n *sdsch + <n )h*cul )hlh ulus dc lh Bucn Rc s*b )cn *u lu) c <n *c hns0hlc s+lbh scc% lh &6 bc . &A6&. H < dc u*sh4 h 2bs /hlul cncb0sslb*% <nc< c*bnsch*ul Pcllscc* dc Tb/h* lc"h s *<ns <n *"un /blu0 s)ccshl% sn s ulh Hnkstchtr! dc 1clspc cl Grhndc ;...E% ch*c cu)*sndc &9& cb0)b.s3ss )bc scc lhudh s/c dc hu b*s ch% )*sn *c hl3ss% Lb)c dc #cgh% Chldc*bn% Hlh*cbn% Guc/cdb% Ms*h dc H0cscuh c c% hdulh3sh h sng<nd cul0s hlc dcls*ulus. #c.s HH"BG"BC% ). C@L#&% )cn *u sn c*)*c h*ch )bls sc+% 4s 8!s& Dclcs b ! Psnuclh% Cl rc9 sc ds scrtc, Cs)hsh"Chl)c% Mhd*sd% &'BB )). 7A8"756. 7&A DSSCCRNTBRUL
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?s bh0cns h )l+s0us nh u*h% ncnb*bcs*ch s"h *cdus lh nscs unul: dsb+csh h 2+cu h)bs unul dsn ccs dbs. Hcclh h b*bs % hccs h h blbgs % 4s hu *+0hs dc )*ssbs h0<hdbs. H /cns h* h% chc0h + dc nc/bsc% 4s lc"h b2c*s lchcul sub 2b*0h hDu b*+*ss hl c*nh s/c% h dc)cndcn3cs *ccs)*bcc. >Tu% b*bulc% <s s)usc ch% <0)*u0u +"s blbgulus )scsbh*clc% sh* u% blbgulc% <0)*u0u +"s b*bulus bchss." S"hu <n/bs 4s s"hu /+.u lccus3s. Ccl ch*c h/ch )scsbh*c &"h luh <n c<*c+ )c hcclh ch*c"s
d+dch bchss% 4s"& c+l+u.ch ccl ch*c h/ch bchs )c ccl ch*c"s <0)*u0u h )scsbh*clc. Hccs h <l nu0ch )c ccl+lhl h lhn ul s+u% sh* hcclh )c hccs h cc*ul s+u. Un b+*bh chsb.us /+.u hccs )*bdsgsu dc dsb+csc 4s% lu<nd h0sn c lh cl 4s *</nsndu"& )cn *u b c0blc0+ sngcnsbhs+% <n *cb+ snsss cn csnc <l ducc )c csnc. s s sc *+s)unsc <n 2clul hccs h? = Tb h < h nc/bsc h*c dslsgcn h dc sn clsgcn3+% ch 4s sn/c*s. Unh 2+*+ cchlhl + /hlb*ch.+ )u3sn% sh* <0)*cun+ )b 0ul . Hcchs h cCccu + )*b0) b cc 0cds ch.+ hccch% <ncch +% 4s b cCccu3sc s<*gus bh*c <ncunun+ *cu4s clc uncs h cn3ss bsnc sn cn3sbnh c. H0 0hs /+.u bh0cns 2bh* c s<*gusncsb4s% 2+u*s b*s dc luc*u*s 0h*s% cC)cds s/s% )lsns dc c2schcs h c% dh* dclbc sn clsgcn3s: 4s dcs)*c unul dsn *"<n4ss h s)us *cccn un c*s sc% /+.<nd cu0 <s l+udhu hl3ss dslsgcn h% c+ dhc+ ccl cu )*scsn+ h* 2s lh 2cl dc sn clsgcn )c c< c dc dslsgcn % h* 2s 2+*+ <ndbshl+ un 0h*c 0snss *u hl 0bnh*hulus cclus 0h*c. Hccs b*h ssngu*s <ns+ nu ls sc )bh c <nc*cdsn3h ns0sch% dcbh*ccc *sscul ccl 0h*c s + <n .b*ul lb*: g*c4csc su c% dhc+ s<n l+sh3s% 4s"4s 2blbscsc bh + c2schcs h ch <n ncchsb.usn3c: nu <nsch0n+ c+
&B6 &B(
ss)*+/csc *cbu*slc% cs c+ ss)*+/csc cu clc% <nc< )h*c c+ gbncsc cu chs dc )b4 + dc"h gh h% ch s+ dch gh h&BB b ul% 2+*+ h c+dch /*cbdh + dc )c )*bs sh lb*. Hh.ul cs c c+% <n gcnc*hl% ccs dc ch)h lb* u*+sc s2h ul 4s"& schs0b+ )c hc3sunc. C b )h s0+ h )*b4 slb* s+ 2sc 2bh* c dslsgcn3s% )cn *u c+ nc4 ssnd dc hb)u*s% sc <nhh0+ 2+*+ g*sD+ lh b)u*s&BA% gbncsc 2ssndc+ nu g<ndcsc 4s% cu0 nu bbsc*/+ ns0sc% nu bbsc*/+ nscs c+ nu bbsc*/+? csnc nu h*c bchs dc /+.u <s /h h/ch 4s 0hs )u3sn ch s+ sc /hd+ )c ssnc. S<n sn4s buns s+ 2sc cbndu4s% dcbh*ccc cCccu + cu 0snunh + dslsgcn +% dh* nu 4s s+ cbnduc+% dcbh*ccc g<ndcsc *+u 4s hlcg 4s 0hs *+u% )b scnsndu"sc 0c*cu <n ncchsb.usn3c. S<n bh0cns dc bh c 2s*slc% unss ch )*s0s% hl3ss ch sccun.s. Nu c <ns+ un ncnb*bc 0hs 0sc ccl hl uncs 0h*s sn clsgcn3c 2+*+ )u sn3+ dc h cCccu h? s sc b2slcsc <n )lsn+ 2lbh*c succcsclc cbncc)u c% )cn *u c+ lc"h cu)*sns <nghc3ul uncs nchb +*<*s 4s% b dh + )sc*du + s)c*hn3h cs 0s*cs0h +% c4uch.+ )*sn dcl+sh*c. Unss *c.bl/+ cu nc<n *ccu bun ss03% dcc*c ch.+ cu hlcgc*c h)lhudhbsl+ 4s sc )sc*d h)bs lh )unc*ch <n 2h) % *h <ndu"4s cCcclcn3h Dudcc+3slb* )*sn snc2schcs h ch sndblcn3cs lb*: )b*ncsc bsnc 4s s hu )*bs % 2ssndc+ s hu dc"h bsnclch: cugc + 0ul % 4s hs h"s b ul: Dudcc+% 4s chsh* h)*ccsh.+ cc sc cu/snc% dh*% dsn *"b u4bh*+ l<ncc".chl+ <n 2+) us*c% duc b ul dc *<)+. S<n hl3ss )u3sn sn c*csh3s bc0hs dc ccch cc c 0hs s0)b* hn 4s )hssbnh3s dc ccch cc cs c 0hs nc)b *s/s % hDung<nd chsh* s+"4s hn s)h s.c.c bblsgh3sh? c+cs nu b dchunh 2s*ch 4s sluDbh sc h*0bns.ch.+: 4s% d<nd dc 0hs 0h*s g*cu +3s <n cc cu)*snd% gus ul <n/sngc b ul: h4h <nc< 2ugh /snc 0hs 0ul dsn sc<*b+ dcc< dsn s)hs0+% 0hs 0ul dsn ncch. dcc< dsn ch.n+. C un dh*% 4s 0h*c% bunh s<*gusn3+% ch*c nu sc <0)hc+ b dchunh nscs cu 0csc*sh% nscs cu *hngul% 2sc 4s su)*c0. Dc c< c b*s nu <4s hbhndbnch.+ c*bscs h ch% 0cnsndu"sc unus )*ch/ulgh* ns0scQ C bsnc c+ b3s <n3clc)3ss s<n <ncc3s% c+cs 0ul h luh*c"h0sn c nh4 c bbsc*/h3sh: h4h cu0 cs dcscb)c*+ bh c nchDunsu*slc% h* /*ch
&BB &B
4s s+ )*c/hd+ bh c *c0cdsslc: <n 2clul hccs h *h*cb*s dslsgcn h sc su)*h)unc sn clsgcn3cs. Pcn *u ccs cc c<*0uscsc c dc db*s sn clsgcn3h% sh* dslsgcn h )cn *u ccs cc lu) +% 4s dhc+ sc <n *uncsc h0<ndbu+% 2hc un )*bdsgsu. Cch 0hs 0h*c hgc*s0c h 2bs % lh HlcChnd*u% 0h0+ h cclus 0hs 0h*c nb*bc. >Cucc*csc b ul% .scch cl <nsu4s% ncl+s<nd ns0sc )cn *u 0<snc": cc"h* 2s 2+cu bh*c )cn *u lh hnulO Sh* Cc.h*% ccl+lhl )*b b s) dc c*bs% s)unch c+ ss)*+/slc shlc snc*cdsbslc 4s lc <n2+) ussc 0hs dcg*hb+ dcc< lc cu0)+nssc% 2sc )cn *u ch 0+*c3sh lb* s+ nu"& s)c*sc% 2sc )cn *u ch nscs 0+ch* g<ndul lh clc s+ nu"& b)*chsc+: 0h*c /b*b+ h lus hccl >hhsdc0Q"% 4s nscsbdh + >hhsdc3sQ". C dc hDuns hgc*s0ch ch s+"& 2hc+ )c lcu *cgc hl hns0hlclb*% c+cs% dc4s 0ul c dsn *c clc <l <n *cc% unclc <n h*0c% hl clc <n 0+*s0c% 4s hl clc <n )u c*s% cl lc bs*usc )c bh c )*sn hgc*s0c. Hccs h c hccl cCccs cC *c0 )c ch*c"& 0cn3sn <n *c cs cu*hDb4ss s)hnsbls 4s bclscb4ss 2*hncc.s% cc*ul cchslsb*<nd cb0)c s3sh% cbn *h"bhlhns<nd )*udcn3h s)hnsbl+ cu hgc*s0ch 2*hncc.+. H b)us <ncc snchlh hcclb*h 2u*scs
hccs b*h? ccch cc"s ls)sc4 c ch )*b0) s udsnc% s)hnsblul su)lsnc4 c cu s2h ul: 4s% ds0)b *s/+% c0c*s h ch 2*hncc.ulus c lcs hl dslsgcn cs shlc snc*cdsbslc. Hs 2cl% s<n cbn2undh c /sc b*sslc 4s )h*hlclc succcsclc% du)+ <0)*cDu*+*s 4s /*c0u*s. Cc.h* h luh )ulsul h0bclb* nh3ss% )c unh h <n/sns"b )*c/+.<nd% sh* )c cchlhl +% h4 c) <nd. H0<ndu*b*h lc"h* )u ch *ccb0hndh 0h*clc Hugus us /b*bh sh kcstsnh lcntc ch dc/s.+ 4s h* bb3snc b 0sDlbcsc 2bh* c ns0c*s +. Bsnclc h*c 0ul3s hd/c*sh*s% 2ssndc+ c *h*% 4s *clclc 0ul c: )cn *u *+u c dc hDu b* b ul. D*u0ul hdc/+*ulus 4s hl succcsulus c unsc 4s hnc/bsbs: )cn *u )sc*.hnsc% c lung /chcul 4s scu* lchcul. <0)b *s/h cu/ssn3cs% bh c luc*u*slc sc cbnDu*+% <0)*cDu*+*slc sc hg*h/ch.+? lbcul ls)sc4 c% 0b0cn ul )*sclnsc 0sn c 4s bh c )un bc3c"n *bh c: dh* sn clsgcn3h 4s dslsgcn h scs dsn bh c <n/sng+ bh*c.
&B5 &B8
2+*+ un 0bd cbn/cnhbsl% b ul sc dssc*cds ch.+% du)+ cu0% cu cl% b ul )*bs)c*+. Su)lsnc4 c b*scc cusu*% chsh* 4s )c cclc hlc *h3sunss% )blcsc4 c g*c4clslc% 2h*dch.+ u*<3cnsslc% dc.0sn c *cs *s4 slc 4s hscundc b ul. C< c ss uh3ss sc*sbhsc 4s s0)b* hn c nu s"hu )*+)+ds dsn )*scsnh unus 0bd *+u 4s c< c hl clc% bs<nds c 2+*+ n+dcDdc% nu s"hu <nd*c) h 4s <0)lsns dh b*s + cclus bunQ Nu lc s<n dc hDuns 0h*clc .cl unus 0snss *u% cu*hDul unus cbnduc+ b* dc h*0h c% 4 ssn3h unus dbc % )u c*ch unus su/c*hn% dhc+ b ul nu c <nsb3s dc hcchs + 2bh* c s0)b* hn + cbnds3sc. Cs c )bdbhb+ )bls sc+ h scc) *clb*% s0hl3 hl cb*bhnclb*% <n nscs b hl + sluDb+ nu c 0hs u*gcn + ch <n cbnducc*c. <ndh b*ch.+ 0ul ? su)c*sb*ss 0hs 0ul bb3sn b0cnb4s dcc< dcs)b scs. H /cdch lh un su/c*hn c+% *cnun3<nd lh su)c*sb*s h c% sc bs.usc )c b0cnsc% <ndh b*ch.+ dc dbu+ b*s 0hs 0ul : 0hs <n <s *cbusc s+ db0nc4 s hsu)*h /bsn3clb*% hbsh h)bs hsu)*h )bssbsls +3ss. <4s h *hgc ss0)h sh bh0cnslb* &A9% 4s chsh* h)lhu.clc% dhc+ nu )*sn nh u*+% )*sn h* +? csnc hd0s*+ 2h) ul hccs h nu sc <n *chb+ dhc+ c nh u*hl shu )*bdus hl h* cs% sc bucu*+ dc cl cu hclh0h3ss. Cs c )c c< dc u sl% )c"h < dc bsnc /cns . S<n luc*u*s ch*c% <n ssnc% /hlb*ch.+ )u3sn% dh* s<n )*c3us c du)+ 0bdul lb*. Hccs h h )u u <nnbs *ccu ul% &"h hDu h s+ *c/sn+ 4s chsh* s+ hsb+ c+u h*c. Dhc+ cs*cu0s hn3clc s<n 0hs cu*<nd )*hc scc% clc dc.0sn bbbschlh <n/cchs*ss. Gus ul 0c*gc b dchunh <nhsn c% nscsbdh + nu 2hcc chlc" n bh*s+% nu sc h*+nc4 c cu ccch cc h *ccu % sc <n2*u) + b dchunh dsn nbu h c% dh* )bh c 2s h0+gs cu sncds ul 0bdulus. Luc*u*slc <n snc*csc dh b*s + cs*cu0s hn3clb*% s<n dc.0sn3s c sslh *<ncc.clss 4s )lsc ssul *c)c +*ss% ch*c c dc bbsccs sn blc*hbsl% cu h < 0hs 0ul <n s0s h3ss% cc nu )b hDungc nscsbdh + nscs lh subls0ul% nscs lh nbu h ch sns3shl+. B )u c0 cbns h h <n 2unc3sslc sngcnsb.s +3ss? c+cs chsh* c<nd luc*u*slc s<n bsnc cunbscu c% dhc+ 0bdul dc h lc s)unc% lh b*h b*% 4s dc h lc h4 c*nc <n sc*ss% lh ss b*sc% s<n nbs% lc 2hc h *+g+ bh*c. C<nd luc*u*slc s<n hlcsc% *c)c h*ch lb*% 2sc 4s dc 4h) c b*s% nu bbbsc4 c% dh*% dc4s nu su)+*+% nscs nu 0hs us0csc% 4s c nc/bsc s+ lc g+ c4 s <n hl chs) ch s+ ch) s/c.c h cn3sh: nbu h ch c 0+guls bh*c% /*+Dc4 c gus ul% 4s
nu0hs schs0b<nd sbsul *c<nnbsc4 s bbscc clc% c+cs c b 0h*c h* + h 4 s s+ )lhcs.

&A9
C< c luc*u*s hbsblu /ulgh*c 4s dc *<nd nu h )u u *clsc2h ch nbs 4s cCcclcn c% /<n.<ndu"lc lh )*c3 dc )lhc 4s hd0s*h3scQ s% ds0)b *s/+% b*sc< h* 2s clc dc sclcc c% 2+*+ hccs sbs nu <0bbldcsc gus ul 4s nscs nu su*)*snd )l+cc*ch. Sc lhud+ c+ c dsscc*n+ b*% 4s h4h c. Hcclch4s luc*u*s lc /h s)unc 4s unul% 4s hl ul% 4s cu hcclch4s% unul /h 0+guls% 4s hl ul /h Dsgns? h < h dcbscbs*c 4s <nsc0n+ h c )b <nc+)ch <n *"un cu", 4s h < h )bh c bb3snc un cu/<n bun 4s s *sch unul *+u. s dhc+ ls)sh <s cs c h < dc nb hbsl+% cu0 /h 2s un 0bd c2cc s/ *+u 4s h2cc s/ *cs)sng+ b*% 4s cu h < 0hs 0ul <n ch.ul unb* )c*sbhnc cu sluDb+ uns/c*shl+O s lh 0ul3s h0 /+.u % 4s chsh* h0 c*s sch "b% c+ h2cc h*ch% *u2sh% usc+csunch% g*bsbl+nsh% 2s*ch ncsu2c*s + 4s hl c 0bns *ub.s +3s hsc0+n+ bh*c s"hu 2+cu snhcccssbsls. C un gcs 0sc% cu0)+nch un <n3clc) % <nc*un h*ch h% dh* su2scscn ch s+ s *scc gus ul <n *cgss /sc3s: ds0)b *s/+% c+u + u*h )l+cu + h chs)ulus b 2+g+dusc4 c )c cch h cugc ulus% sh* 2*u0usc3ch chc.+4usc4 c bl<ndc3ch 2clulus dc h 2s. Sc lhud+ 0hs cu sch0+ c+ )blcsc4 c nu3u <n hsc0cnch 0+su*+% <nc< s+ 2sc )*c3us 0hs 0ul dcc< un dh sch*b+d: <ndulcc4 c cu h < h dsb+csc hdc/+*u*slc% <nc< hDung s+ *chc+ d*c) lsngu4cls 4s% uncb*s% c<nd )h*c h lsngu4s% dc.h0+gc4 c% s)un<ndu"3s nu ccch cc c% cs ccch cc h* *cbus s+ 2sc. Cl c unsc *c2ugsu )cn *u b3s ccs c+*b*h lc ls)sc4 c <n.cs *h*ch nh u*hl+? c+cs h uncs sc hDu + cu 0bdul 4s dbb<ndcsc 0hs 0ul cu hDu b*ul g*sDss dcc< hl3ss cu hDu b*ul dcs+/<*4s*ss nh u*hlc: su)lsnc4 c ls)su*s cscn3shlc% bh chsh* cu s)b*u*s% <n bh c sluDbclc su)c*sbh*c 4s 0+*un c. Cu*sbs c c+ nu )bh c 2s dc2sns % )cn *u c+ nu sc 4 sc <n cc cbns +% b*s dc nu% s+ .scc0 c+ s<n us *clc G*h3sslc lhblhl + <n *"un cb0)us hbsblu dcs+/<*4s . s ch s+ nu h)cl+0 0c*cu )cn *u )*bdsgss lh Hn schs h c 4s nscs s+ nu cc*4s0 dbh* *ccu ulus c*bss0ul% hd0s*h3sh h /cnc*h 0bdc*n+ 4s h)lhu.clc hu )*bsl+/s <n h)bgcu% /*chu s+ .sc <n cul0ch sh% hcchs + nbbsl+ <n.cs *h*c <n )c*sbhnh ch blsccs% c*bsccs 4s b h < dc 0h*ss nbhs *c *cgsnc% s +)<nh nbhs *+ dbnh Sshbcl dc Bbu*"bbn&A&% ch*c nu nu0hs h cbn snuh % cs h 4s dus 0hs dc)h* c glb*sh
&A&

Bbh* h cch 0sncsnbhs+ h*c 0ul3s c<* s b*s 4s nscs un *ccunbsc+ b*: nc0ul3u0s*ch hcchs h hDungc 4s )*sn *c dbbs bhcc% dh* lh csnc 0hs bsncO Ccl 0hs ncsh ss2+cu dsn *c bh c c ccl 0hs )*bs +nhc. Sc b )l<ngch hccs h dsn *"un cc*c <n hl ul 4s g+sch nu nu0hs cb0)hssunc% cs 4s h)lhu.c% 0hs hlcs <n *<ndul /ulgulus. <n *"b bun+ .s% h4hdh*% s2+ us dc 0ul3s 4s nc<nsb3s dc ns0cns% s"h <n2+3s4h .scc"sc% lh hudscn3h bb4 chsc+ h su)*c0ulus Su)s c*: hscs% )*b2und s0c*s % luc*u )cn *u ch*c un )*bs 0c*s + 0ul3u0s*s% 4s du)+ cc s s"h hcb*dh nc)*c3us h <n/bs*c dc h 2s hscul h % *bs s *+u hccs dsscu*s 4s 0hs *+u <n bc0s ? >P*chsn cg*ulc Su)s c*% c+cs <0)+*3s b* dc d*c) h c% 4s nu *+.bun+ b* c db*csc? sh +% hs <n 2h3h h 0+*ch3+ )c ccl 0hs b*b)ss % bh4ch nc4 su b*% dsn *c dbbs bhcc% 4s"3s s0)lb* nu h < *+.bunh*ch b2cnsclb*% c< lccus*ch nc2c*scs*slb* 0clc% Cu0 sc <0)hc+ bh*c% b% .culc c c*n% sn cg*s h ch h cu s0)sc h ch sb*3ss% dbh* cu 0snc bh*b+% s*hn+ 4s chsh* 0h4 c*+O B dh + cc nh u*h 0"h 2+cu ccl 0hs )*bs +nhc dsn *c hns0hlc = 4s cu hs h h0 s)us b ul = dc cc 0hs *cbush s+ hdhugc c*udh dc ch% lh b hsc0cnch )b/h*+ su)*h)b/h*h nc2c*scs*ss% /sbl<nd u.ul 4s c+lc<nd <n )scsbh*c bbsccsulO M+ sslc4 c
&A7
s+ 2su )*bs 4s s+ *+scsc nc0ul3u0s : )c*sccu + nc/snb/+3sh 4s bc*b c4 c *+u h ch: Lcul ccl *u2h4 *su02+? Tsg*ul ccl c*ud *+sc4 c: #ul)ch% ch*c"s <n4hl+ )c b3s% *<dc dc b3s: Lu)ul ccl lhcb0 <4s 2hcc 0cnd*clc: nu0hs cu% ch*c nu 2hc ns0+nush *+u% <l su2+* dsn )h* ch u u*b*h? 0+n<nc )u3sn% 0unccsc 0ul : sbc hhlchl+% dbh* csb0+gchl+: s<n nc<ng*sDs 4s% du)+ cc 0s"s 4s u*< % nu 0+ )b h*+ h <n lu0c% nu"s bun dcc< s+ ch* 0bcb2hns% 4s hs h 0+ dbh*c ccl 0hs 0ul ." Jhlnsch"s Dhlb+"s 0s4c+ h*c 0ul )c b3s ccs dc 2h3+: nu0hs Su)s c*% sc/c*% nc ulbu*<ndu"sc ch cs% /ulgh*% <n snsc
b*h3ul )c ch*c sc *c.c0hsc% nu h < ch s+"4s s)*sDsnc ch)ul% c< ch s+"4s )+s *c.c u*cchch hccch )cn *u cchlhl + )h* c&A6: 2+cu sc0n s+ 2sc chc0h + Kb* unh% ch s+ dc dc./snb/+3chsc+. Pb*ns*+ <n c+u h*ch cs 0ul3s sbldh3s% s udcn3s 4s )*c cndcn3s: 0c*sc*+ )*sn 0ul c )+*3s% dh* )c nsc+sc*s n"b g+schu. <n *cbhu bh )c unss% bh )c hl3ss% 4s ns0cns nu 4 sh s+ dch 4 s*c. Sn *h*+ <n chsh )u c*nsculus Hu b*s h c% 4s c*hu h < dc 0h*s dc.b*dsnch 4s g*hbh cu ch*c% 2+*+ h s h )c g<ndu*s% sc 0s4chu b3s. <nc< nu g+ss*+ )c ns0cns dss)us h lc *+s)undc 4s nscs 0+ch* h"s hscul h% dc4s d+du*+ dc 0ul3s. Cugc h*+ cs c+% 2+*+ <ndbshl+% nu sc )u ch h2lh <n bsul uncs h h*c ulbu*+*s% 4s nu sc <n4clh*+. T*ccu*+ <n chsh Bbg+3scs% 4s hscs G*sDh lc s)usc c+ 2uscsc% dh* nu0hs <n *chc+ % dbh* h < h c< s+ lc *ccb0hndc unb*h c*bsnc dc s)sns 4s ns4 c shcs dc sulc. Sn *h*+ <n c/sn h K*u0usc3ss% ch*c c*h 2bh* c h)*bh)c dc scC +% dbh* ch s"b )l+ chsc+ cu sc) s0clc &A(: d+du*+ dc P*bs sc 4s% 2+*+ s+ 0hs <n *cbc ns0sc% *ccu*+ lh cch h <n3clc)csunss: S+*+csh lc *+s)unsc c+ nu c*h nscs hcblb% dh* c+ b h4 c) hu dc lh b .s lh hl h.
&A6
&AB
prudcn shu s"prudcn6 <n Hsc% @@SSS% G*h*s1n h *sbusc hcchs + *c2lcc3sc lus Scncch. Gsb/hnns Bb c*b ;Dc2G...E b )unc <n gu*h unus Csh))s #s clls? >Dscc/h chc ncllc cbsc dcllh guc**h nbn chc ncllhl *c% lh 2b* unh c ss chsb nbn h/c/h )h* c hlcunh? 0hchc u b c*h)*udcn.hbs0)*udcn.h." #c.s HH"BG.BC% ). &(&b%nb h &. CBRBHNH DSSCCRNCRSS 77B

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Pu c*nsc c un *cgc% lh bh c lc c ch)+ : 0hs )u c*nsc+ c b 2c0csc% ch*c )c bh c lc ch)+ +: )u c*nsc c /snul% ch*c <n+bu4+ *h3sunch: dh* 0hs )u c*nsc c hdc/+*ul% 4s cu% ch*c"& <n *c3sn." >Hdc/+*h % hdc/+*h "% cCclh0h*+ b3s% *ccunbsc<ndu"sc <n/sn4s. Ls0bh sc /+.u *su02+ bh*c 4s hu 2bs cu 0sslc ccs cc hu <n +*s 4s cclcb*h hcchs + <n <0)lh*c /sc b*sbhs+. Hcchs + 0h*c *cgsn+ h Hdc/+*ulus <4s h*c *c2ugsul <n sns0+ 4s *sbunhlul <n ls0b+: hscs hDung bh c )*bccsclc% dhc+ nu <n )*s0+ sns hn3+% <n *ccu*sul dc.h0+gs*ss. H4h s"h <n <0)lh <n hcch dss)u + cclcb*+ )c ch*c hu h/u "b <n *c clc <n.cs *+*slc cclc 0hs subls0c hlc unus b+*bh <n *u b ul dcs+"/<*4s % hsu)*h glbbulus cu hdc/+*h dc hu*% ch /<*2 hl nc0u*s bh*cs
226 DSSCCRNTBRUL
&AA &A5
*ug+0sn3slc hdb*h b*slb* s+s <n3clc)3s 4s cc*<ndu"lc 0hs <n <s lsbc*+ *ccc*c *cgslb*% ch*c nu0hs dc dh h hs h s"hu hcb*dh "b% sc l+s+ /+.u +% cu h < 0hs 2*u0bhs+% cu c< 0hs h)*b)sh +% cu h < 0hs clcghn +% cu c< 0hs gbhl+% c+cs% b dh + cu nu0clc% 4s"h luh dc lh prs"h crh shu )*s0+/h*+% 4s 2*u0usc3ch: h/ch sus + *cs *<ns+% dh* s *+lucs + 4s% cu bh c c+ dc 0ul3s c*h dc cs h +% h 2bs hscul h + dc b3s. Luh lbc <n *sbunhl lh lu0snh h0sc.ss. <ncc)u*+ s+ )lcdc.c )+*3slc% hduc<ndu"4s clbgss% h4h cu0 s"h h*+ h . Lc l+ud+ )c bh c% 4s )c 2scch*c <n )h* c cu h < h s +*usn3+. <nc< )+*ch s+ <nclsnc c+ *c d<nsh% dh* <n cclc dsn u*0h sc )*bnun3h% .sc<nd? %.P*chc0sncn c *clsc2u*s hlc b+*bh ulus cul % h)lhudhbslc <n.cs *+*s hlc b+*bh ulus dsscc*n+ b*? 0+* u*sscsc csns s c+ /+ )*c3uscsc )c bh c% dh* nu )b s+ nu s)un hdc/+*ul% ch s+ nu 0+ hbh dc lh 0snc <ns+0s. Zsc% h4hdh*% c+ s *+lucc4 c un sbh*c hl *clsc2u*slb*% lucs*c h <n.cs *+*slb*% s)lcndbh*c h c*bscs +3ss 4s <n *cgs*c h dsscc*nc*ss. H*c <n lbc dc s2c*+ un hl h* *clsgsbs <n hccl hl Hh*b c*c4 sn% dbn Luss Mcndc. &A8% )*b b s) 0hDb* hl hccs cs <n.cs *+*s )*s0c. Scncch&A' h nu0s "b unscul bun hl b0ulus: H*ss b cl. dcs+/<*4s*ch lus? Shl"lus sus% blh.bn nc0u*s b*: Cscc*b% chu.+ h 2c*scs*ss: H)ulcsus% hsc0+nh*c h ds/sns +3ss: Sb2bclc. )c*)c u+ 4s s h b*nsc+ bbg+3sc? Cu*s)sdc. 0bncd+ hscuns+? Sbc*h c. c0clsc h sb*3ss: #s*gslsu. 2*u0usc3c h su2lc ulus: Ch b% 2undh0cn hl hu b*s +3ss: h/<nd"b nu0hs )c ch% Bshs h/ch b bsnclc: Ssbc*h c h sbcb s "b d*c) h/c*ch lus? Mcnhnd*u. d*c) scu ul s+u% 4s d*c) cch 0hs bun+ blb+ dc s+gc3s h sh Hb*h3su? #hlc*sus MhCs0us nu s"h g+ss )*c3: Plhu h 2+cu "b )*c0su )cn *u ch <ns+4s% sh* h)lhudhbslul Cc.h* h nu0s "b scb) hl cclb*lhl c: sh* cu% <n *" un cu/<n % sn cg*s h ch."
&A8
Luss Mcndc06 Dbn Luss Mcndc. dc Hh*b ! Sb b0h!b* Gu.01n ! Hcc/cdb ;&B'8"&AA&E% dsn 2h0slsh 0h*chs.slb* dc Ch*)sb% 2su hl dbncs K*hncssch Gu.01n. sb*h cbn clus"ducc dc Bls/h*cs% du)+ c+dc*ch c+*ush s"h succcdh <n chls h c dc 2h/b*s hl lus Ksls) hl S#"lch% lsbc* h ch dc hc3sunc <n hcchs + chls h c 2ssndu"s <ns+ cbnssdc*hbsl *cs *<ns+ dc sn2lucn3h cCc*cs h + hsu)*h *cgclus dc sb*h Mhnh dc Hg*cdh% ch*c s"h 2bs hd/c*sh*+. H )us ch)+ *+.bbsulus dsn Ch hlbnsh ;&AB7E. &A' Scncch6 Rc)*bducc0% du)+ HH"BG.BC% ). &(6b% nb h 7. sdcn s2sc+*slc dc su*sc s hbsls c dc M. Rb0c*h"Nh/h**b )cn *u c< c/h dsn *s0s c*slc cc u*0ch.+? Scncch% Dc c!ns!lhts!nc, @% &=6: H*ss b cl% <n Dsbgcncs Lhc* sbs% !p. cst., #% S% B 4s &B: Shllus sus% Chtslsnh, &% (: Cu*s)sdc% Bcdsp, 2*hg. B(A: Sbc*h c% <n @cnb2bn% Mc"!rh!slsh, SS% C@% &(: Bshs% <n #hlc*sus MhCs0us% #SS% @#. )*c2h3+: Plhu %
H"phstr9!, SS% SS% &5. 778 DSSCCRNTBRUL

$n3clc) ul <4s 0+sbh*+ /sh3h ch unul cc h*c dc *+s 4s )u3sn% 4s 0ul . #sh3h 2+*+ b)*s*s c ch un d*u0 lung 2+*+ hhnu*s: dh*0s c s+ u0bls <n b/+*+4sh lus Hc*hcls Q Nh u*h <ns+4s% h cn +% h )*b)b*3sb"nh /sh3h b0ulus cu d*u0ul sbh*clus% hnb s0)u*slc hnulus cu cclc hlc /sc3ss% sh* cclc )h *u hnb s0)u*s hlc hcclush cu cclc )h *u /<*s c hlc hccs csh. <ncc)c )*s0+/h*h <n cb)sl+*sh /bsbhs+? 2lb*s gsngh4c <n n+dcDds 2*hgslc. U*0ch.+ /h*h h*.+ bh*c 4s ncs +)<ns + h snc*c3ss% <n bh c chs)u*slc )*s0cDdsbhs+% )*sn <n/+)+sc*ch s<ngclus 4s dc.l+n3us*ch 2u* unbhs+ h )hssunslb*. #snc h)bs db*s h bh0n+ h /<*s cs b+*b+ c4 s <ncununh + cu 2*uc c cbh) c% cu Dudcc+3s% cu scn sn3c 4s cu succcsc. D+ gh h b ul sh*nh <nghc3h + h b+ *<nc3ss? chd 2*un.clc s *+lucs*slb*% hlbc4 c .+)hdh c+*un c3slb*% <nghch3+ )<*hsclc /snclb*% b ul sc dc.gblc4 c dc dsn3s 4s dc )+* 4s *c0u*+ /sh3h dc h)*b")sh h"s 0bh* c. <n hccs chs) h hl c*nh nh u*h /<*s clc 4s s0)u*slc. Cbncu*<nd"b% h* h <ncch*c+ s+ <0)h* + /sh3h 0b*hl+% sngcnsbs ds/c*s+. H s)us"b Ps hgb*h <n *"un cu/<n % 4s chsh* 0hs )u3sn% dcbh*ccc <n *"b ssngu*+ ls c*+&5&% 4s% <n cclc dbu+ *h0u*s hlc cs% h <ncs"2*h cclc dbu+ d*u0u*s h < dc b)usc hl *+ulus 4s hl bsnclus. Lh hccs bs/su *sschn sc .scc c+ h hDuns Hlcsdul &57 <n .b*s% c+cs *h3sunch c hu*b*+% 4s hscs s"h h*+ h )c*)lcCs h ch lus bb4 chsc+. <l )*s/ch )c ccl dsn d*ch) h cu g*bh.+ 4s cu d*hgbs c )c ccl dsn s <ngh? s *<0 hcclh 4s hnc/bsbs% )c scu* lh dchl 4s% )*sn u*0h*c% ncc+lch : lh*g
&59
hccs h 4s lcsnscsbs% )c"h < dc cbbb*< b*% )c c< dc u0blh . S"h b)*s hscs% lu<nd sch0h% c<nd b 0<n+ su)c*sbh*+ &" h c+l+u.s % <0)sn"g<ndu"&% )c d*u0ul /s* u3ss )<n+ lh )b)hsul c*bscs +3ss. S)s*s uhl h cu/<n h unul 4s dulcc h c<n h hl ul% bs0ul&56 ch*c s"h )*cschs0bh <n lhud+?% J s"hu dh b0ulus *cs.ccs dc hns hs s+s% ch s+ sc bucu*c 4s s+ bucu*c% dbu+.ccs% cu <0)*u0u % hs 0+gh*ulus% ch s+ 0uncchsc+: <nc+ )c"h <3sh hs c<snclus% ch s+ lh *c: 4s dbu+.ccs% ul s0ss% hs 0hs0u3cs% ch s+<0b+ *<hchsc+? cCcclcn sss0+ 2sc3sunc h hdc/+*ulus." Dh*% c/s <nd )*blsCs h ch c*uds +% gus cclcb*u h h/u hccl b+*bh 2slb s0 ch*c h <0)+*3s )scsh dc ch *u <n *cs .slc% sh* c+l+ b*sh /sc3ss shlc <n *cs hnb s0)u*s? )c ccl dsn <s &"h 2blbss ch s+ s ch dc /b*b+ cu 0b*3ss% )c"hl dbslch cu /sss% )c"hl *cslch cu ssnc <nsu4s. S+ dcscs2*+0 cnsg0h. Zsc c+ )*s0h *cs0c h /sc3ss 4s"h dcs snh "b c+*3slb*% h cs s % ccch cc h 2bs 0hs 0ul )l+cc*c dcc<l bcu)h3sc% c+cs dhc+ c4 s cu h < 0hs b0 cu c< 4 ss 0hs 0ul % cch 0hs nbbsl+ sluDb+ c <n/+3h*ch: h dc/b*h c+*3s% nu *c3 hl su2lc ulus% dcs2+ +*s hlc s)s*s ulus. Mh*c nb*bc s+ c <n <lnc4 s cu ccs hlc4s dsn 2scch*c db0cnsuQ H <n/+3h bh c h* clc /*cdnscc dc b 0sn c nbbsl+% s)*c dcbscbs*c dc hcclch cc s<n 0cns c *bhbc hlc 0uncss. S"h <nh*0h )cn *u clc cu b cunbh4 c*c )c"h < dc cChc +% )c c< dc *udnsc+ h ls0bslb*? cclc dbu+ uns/c*shlc% lh snh 4s s)hnsblh% ch*c h.s s<n chcslc lu0ss% 4s cclc )h* sculh*c% g*chch% s hlshnh% 2*hncc.h% cnglc.h 4s gc*0hnh% )cn *u h )u ch dbb<nds 0ul ul 4s bsnclc <n/c4nscs <n *"<nsclc. S"h cbnshc*h h)bs hcclcs 0h*s 0h0c h /sc3ss% sbh3+ h sn clcc ulus 4s 2ssc+ h cC)c*scn3cs% h)lhudhbslh ss b*sc% cch ch*c 0hs 0ul dcs2h + 4s ccl 0hs 0ul <n/h3+. H <ncc)u cu cclc hn scc% h s2<*4s cu cclc
&56
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cs ". Dsn *c sc*ss b*ss sbc*scs 2*cc/cn h3s dc G*hcs1n% /c.s K*hncsscb Rbd*sgucs Lbbb? >...b cc* b c Fuc% sc 2hl h*dcs 1 0slscsh% nunch /bs 2hl h*1 h 0hlscsh" $hpud HSS"BG. BC% ). &BAbE% 4s Juhn Huh* c dc Shn Juhn% C-h"cn dc sn#cns!s phrh lhs cscncshs6 >Lh 0hlscsh ! lh 0slscsh chss cbn/scncn cn cl 0cs0b nb0b*c ! scncn lh 0cs0h dc2snscsbn". H0 )+s *h 4s <n *hducc*c hccs Dbc dc cu/sn c% l+*gsnd )u3sn scnsul cu/<n ulus >0sls3sc". &66 tcnc!rclc3"!rchtc dc lu"sn6 C2. S. Sgnhcsb dc Lb!blh% C7crcscs!s, n*. 667? >)*b)*sb cs dcl 1ngcl 0hlb Fuc sc 2b*0h sub hngclb lucss" ;BP"BG BC ).655E. &( Rchlsthtch 4s "!dul6 Cu hl c cu/sn c% *chlul% ccch cc cs c luc*ul <n ssnc: >0bdul" ;>cl 0bdb"E cs c 2b*0h )c ch*c luc*ul b )bh c c+)+ h C2 Dssc @@SS"Br., 59% 87% 7A5% 75(: Crst., S% B. &B sn#cns!0sts h7utt!hrc6 C2. Dssc, #: Br., 7B8. &B7 N!r!c hl putcrnscsl!r6 C2. Cc*/hn cs% D!n Hus7!tc, SS% @@@S? >Unh dc lhs /cn hDhs 0h!b*cs Fuc llc/hn lbs )*sncs)cs h lbs dc01s
hb0b*cs cs Fuc sc ss*/cn dc c*shdbs hn bucnbs Fuc cllbs". 244 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS
ghsc dc nc4 ssn3+% s+ *hg+"n lbcul lb* s)hdh <n s2hdh g*cu +3slb*. M+*c3sc ssngulh*+ s+ c sluDc4 s dc <n/+3h3s% dc)+4snd gus ul bh*bh* hl lus Tsg*hn6% ccl cc"s db*ch )c *cgss su)u4s ch slugs. Sbs nbu dc hu b*s h c <n )lsnul /sc3ss? s+ ns"s 2hcc0 )*sn h* + sclh/s )c ccs )c ch*c nh u*h ns s"h 2+cu su)c*sb*s. C 0ul dc 4 su 4s c scu* + /sh3h(% 4s nu *+sc4 s dhc+ nu 4 ss. C% h4hdh*% b dsb+csc h)h* c s+ <n/c3s 2+*+ chcl ushl+% 4s <nc+ 0ul % )*sn 0ul3s% 4 ssnd )*sn b3s: /b*bc4 s h)bs <n *"b hdunh*c )*sn 0ul3s shu )*sn gu*h h /b*bcsc b h <3sh <n/+3h3s c<3s c"hu )*cg+ s % dbb<ndsnd 2hs0h dc b*hcbl cu sudbh*ch hl b*h. Cs 2hc <n <s sclcc3sc dsn lcc3sc 4s"3s sc*/csc h)bs 4 ssn3h <n chsn" cscn3c. Dh* csnc nu )bh c hDungc s+"4s hsb+ <n3clc)csunch <n sc*"/s b*s0c% dbb<ndchsc"b <n )*sc cnsc. &A. Jtssnh cu !un sntcnsc%. Hssgu*+ bcl4ug dc *cu4s c. #sbl 0bns *ubs h 2bs b dchunh c+s+ b*sh dsn *c un bun sn clcc 4s b *ch /bsn3+. Sn cn3sh *+u/bs bh*c c un /cnsn hl dcs+/<*4s*slb* 4s% hDu h + dc 4 ssn3+% /h +0+ cu 4s 0hs 0h*c sub sls h c. Nc2c*scs hlcn ul )us <n sluDb+ sc+lb4scsQ ssn3+ 2+*+ c*csc*% ncbunsc dubl+ 7. &5. Schs"!3s kclul dc3h lucrh%. Nu b dchunh lh 2cl% ch s+ dc.b*scn c.s cu*sb.s h ch% 0hs hlcs dhc+ c *s/hl+. Nu b dchunh cu sn cn3sc )*s0+% dcbh*ccc <3s /b* su*)*sndc uns2b*0s h ch% )*c/c"nsndu"3s 4s chsh* .+d+*nscsndu"3s hc3sunslc. C lcsnc dc ucss <n .bb* )+s+*ch cc 4s"& u*0ch.+ d*c) % nu <ns+ 4s cch <n lsnsc 2*<n +. Dh* nscs 0c*cu cu sn cn3sc sccund+% c+cs h dbuh bh*+ <3s /b* <n3clcgc c* s)ul. R+u h ch s + lh )<nd+: c nc/bsc dc 0h*c sub sls h c ch s"b dc*u c.s. Juc+ b*ul 4s*c nu Dbhc+ nscsbdh + )scsh b+nus + dc hd/c*sh*% nccu0 cch )c ch*c 4s"b db*c4 c.

245
&8. S*r#usn 4s "sncr %. Nu cCss + c0sncn3+ 2+*+ h0<ndbu+% dh* c<nd cbnluc*ch.+% )*ssbssn3+. Mhs 0ul bb3snc b 0cdsbc*s h c cu s<*gusn3+ dcc< b su)c*sb*s h c 2+*+. Rc)u h3sh sc cu0)+*+ cu )*c3ul 0uncss? )u3sn /hlb*ch.+ ccch cc cbs + )u3sn. Chsh* <n cclc dsn <s sluDbc% lh unss h* 2s 2bs dc db*s s<*gusn3+: *h*cb*s <3s cbn *h.scs 2s*ch. C+ nu c4 s c0sncn <n *"b sluDb+ dc *<nd )cn *u c+ /*cs s+ 2ss 0cdsbc*u <n cch subls0+ h*c d*c) scu.+ nbblc3ch% dh* h c 0ul3u0s s+ 2ss 0cdsbc*u <n cch dc *<nd c<nd hs )u ch 2s cCcclcn <n )*s0h nu h*c nscs unh. Khc% h4hdh*% *cbusn3+% nh u*h 4s h* h% )ccc c )unc s<*gusn3+. &'. Nu p!rns cu spcrhn c-ccss %. Rcs *s4 c bbs4nus + h b cc"h 2bs 2bh* c l+udh <nhsn c% h nu hDungc )c u*0+ lh )*ch0ul ul sdchlulus? *chlul n"h )u u cghlh nscsbdh + s0hgsnh*ul% dcbh*ccc c u4b* s+"3s <nchs)us dcs+/<*4s*slc% dh* 2bh* c g*cu s+ lc dbb<ndc4 s. S0hgsnh3sh sc c+s+ b*c4 c cu db*ul 4s .+0sslc4 c b dchunh 0ul 0hs 0ul dcc< s<n luc*u*slc. B*sc< h* 2s cCccl+*slc dc 0h*s. clc n"hDung s+ sh u*c sdcch 4s% <n *uc< b g+scsc h0+gs + dc h4 c) h*ch cCccss/+% 0hs dcg*hb+ b dc.h0+gcsc dcc< b us0csc. S)c*hn3h c b 0h*c chl)u.hn+ h hdc/+*ulus: b <n2*<nch.+ cu0sn3cnsh% c+u <nd ch dcs2+ h*ch s+ 2sc su)c*sbh*+ db*sn3cs. Unclc <ncc)u u*s dc *c)u h3sc sluDcsc lh *c.s*ch cu*sb.s +3ss% nscsdccu0 lh gh*hn h*ch bbscc ulus cs. Mhs bsnc scsc c<nd *chls h ch <n *ccc sdcch% 2ssnd 0hs 0ul dcc< s"h c*c.u . Hcchs + *cgul+ nu sc h)lsc+ <n ch.ul *+ulus% dcbh*ccc <ns+4s cChgc*h*ch <l hDu +: b dc.0sn c cu h)lhu.c% 4s hDungc s+ )h*+ blc*hbsl+ chsh* cul0ch 0<*4+/scs dc ch*c c"hs c0u . 79. B" *n chcul su. Sn4ss dc b *h*+ c0sncn3+ dc)snd dc /*c0u*s. Nu b3s hu h/u "b )c cch 0c*s h +% 4s 0ul3s% dc4s hu h/u "b% n"hu *cu4s s+ )*b2s c dc ch. Unss hu 2bs /*cdnscs dc un /chc 0hs bun% c+cs nu b cc c bun *su02+ b dchunh: luc*u*slc <4s hu /*c0ch lb*% )<n+ 4s c0sncn3clc s<n du)+ 0bd+. <n3clc)csunch h*c <ns+ un h/hn hD% c+ c /c4nsc+% 4s dhc+ hccs h nu"s /chcul cs% 0ul c hl clc /b* 2s. 7&. Hrt dc h ks n!r!c!s%. CCss + *cguls hlc 4hnscs% c+cs )cn *u <n3clc) % ch nu c dbh* <n <0)lh*c: )bh c 2s hDu h + dc dsb+csc. Unss

247
sc 0ul3u0csc s+ sc )bs c.c <nc*c.+ b*s lh )b*3slc Kb* uncs 4s h4 ch) + ch ch s+ luc*c.c: hl3ss% 0hs bsnc? *cc dsncblb 4s *ccu*g lh cu c.hn3h cu0sn c% ch*c% )c h*s)slc /s* u3ss 4s cu*hDulus cs% )bh c )*sndc dsn u*0+ nb*bcul 4s"& )bh c 0+guls cu 2blbs. Dh*% 2slb".b2<nd bsnc% nu"s hl 0sDlbc dcc< ccl hl /s* u3ss 4s"hl h cn3scs% )cn *u c+ nu cCss + 0hs 0ul nb*bc% nscs 0hs 0ul ncnb*bc dcc< )*udcn3+ shu s0)*udcn3+ 7.
77. B" cu hplhudh!slc cun!4tsnc%. Pl+cu h c*uds3sc cu* cnchsc+ c 0uns3sc )cn *u dsscc*n+ b*s? b 4 ssn3+ )*hc sc+ h b cc c cu*cn % 0hs 0ul <n scnsul cunbh4 c*ss% 0hs )u3sn <n ccl /ulgh*? s+ hs b cblcc3sc gus bhs+ dc g*+un3s dc sh*c <n /b*bc% dc 2slb s0sc <n 2h) c% 4s s+ 4 ss h lc 2blbss lh s0)% c+cs uncb*s s2h ul h sc4s 0hs bun <n *"b glu0+ dcc< <n ccl 0hs g*h/ 0hgss c*su. ssn3h cb0unschbsl+ lc"h 2bs 0hs dc 2blbs unb*h dcc< bh c cclc 4h) c7% b*sc< dc lsbc*hlc. 76. S nu hs nscs un sts#"ht%. Dhc+"nu"ul )c*2cc3sunss7. Pu3sns *+scsc h*+ b 0c chhn+% h < sub *h)b* 0b*hl% c< 4s nh u*hl% 4s )un )h s0+ )cn *u clc% dc4s lc"h* )u ch /sndcch lcsnc6. Cu0sn3cnsh cclb*lhl3s *cg*c + c+ uncb*s b subls0+ uns/c*shls h c dc <n.cs *+*s c sub0snh + dc un dc2cc 0sns0% 4s c dc"hDuns un nb* ch s+ ccls)sc.c un sbh*c <n *cg. S<n )c c hlc *c)u h3scs )c ch*c *chuh"/bsn3+ lc"hlcgc ch s+ sc lcgc dc clc. Su)*c0+ dsb+csc h* 2s s+ lc )*cschs0bs <n *clsc2u*s. H4h h 4 su Cc.h* s+"4s lhu*cc.c *cs *s4 ch nh u*hl+(.
7( h7ust*nd3!...6 <n b*sgsnhl% )*b)b.s3sc ds2scsl dc <n3clcs dsn chu.h su)*s0+*ss )*bnu0clus cb0)lc0cn ds*cc ? >! hun HOP hDus h lh cb*du*h"% hccs h 2ssnd )*bbhbsl lh. cu hn cccdcn >s0hgsnh3sh". #c.s RN"BM% ). B5% nb h (% 4s BP"BG.BC% ). 658. 7(7 ...*nc*nths dc n!s *n4snc6 C2. Scncch% Scrss!rs, S@% 79? >Mssc* cs Fus sc nbn bch ssss0u0 sudsch " ;>Csnc nu sc sbcb c4 c un b0 2c*scs cs c un nc2c*scs "% cd. cs .% )). 7&"77E. 7(" !un3ss"6 <n b*sgsnhl% >ssndc*csss"% /c.s Br., 'A"&. C2. Crst., SS% '% 4s Sgnhcsb dc Lb!blh. C-crcsss, 6&(. 7B Bun prsccpt!r6 #c.s Dssc, #SSS. nb h 5(: c2. Br., 7&9% 77B. 7A 4uru!ul6 <n b*sgsnhl% >cl b*ccdb*"% sns *u0cn dc b* u*+% 2blbss )cn *u h s0ulgc 0+* u*sss*s% dcnu0c4 c hscs )unc ul slhb shu% 0hs cChc % sl+bscsunch db0snhn +. 7A7 s ptrun0s *n kscchrc6 CS. Cr., SS? >C b unh s+"s dcscb)c*s unus b+*bh h2cc ul 4s s+"s dcschs.s b )b* s3+ s)*c 2b* +*ch3h ch)hcs +3ss shlc."
7(8
dc.b*dbnh3ss dcc< b*dbnh3ss. T*cbusc s+"s )*c/ss 0hs <n <s 2s*ch% s+"s h sngs h)bs 0hnsh% s+ h hcs cu )h s0h% ch*c /h dh ncg*c4s 0h lsbc*ul h*bs *u. 75. Prckcr c-tcnssunss sntcnssunch%. Pc*2cc3sunch nu s + <n chn s h c% cs <n chls h c. Tb cc c 2bh* c bun h 2bs b dchunh )u3sn 4s *h*? 0ul ul c dssc*cds h*c. Chsh* )*sn *c bh0cns% u*sh4ss s<n dc bbsccs hdc/+*h3ss )s scs. Unss )*c3uscsc c+*3slc du)+ 0hss/s h ch lb*% ch 4s cu0 h* 2s sc*ssc ch s+ cCc*cs c 0hs dcg*hb+ b*h3clc dcc< sngcnsb.s +3slc. CC cnssunch ssngu*+ n"h )u u dc)+4s nscsc<nd 0cdsbc*s h ch 4s c 2lhgcl hl bh0cnslb* uns/c*shls% dc bsnc cc sc /b* )cs c b % nu"s nsc+sc*s 7. Sn cnssunch cbn2c*+ c0sncn3+% 4s <nc+ c*bsc+% dhc+ <n 0h c*sc subls0+. 78" *n ns"sc ul#hr%. Nu <n gus . B% 0h*c <n3clc) 7 ccl cc sc ncc+Dch c+ 2h) clc shlc c*hu )c )lhcul cclb* 0ul3sQ <0busb+*s cu h)lhu.c dc *<nd nu"s 0ul3u0csc )c dsscc*n+ b*s. S<n unss ch0clcbns 6 hs )b)ulh*s +3ss <n *"h < h% <nc< nu"4s h2l+ sh ss2hc3sh <n hdsc*slc )*chsuh/c hlc lus H)blb% cs dbh* <n su2lh*ch /ulgh*+. Nscs <n sn clcc ? nu )*c2c*h 0s*hcblclc /ulgulus% c+cs nu"s hl cc/h dcc< s)c*sc b*s )cn *u sgnb*hn3s% us0snd ncghsbbsh bb4 chsc+% )c c<nd luh*ch"h0sn c ssngulh*+ b dc.h0+gcsc. 7'. B" sntc#ru. Pu*u*s dc )h* ch *h3sunss% cu h < h d<*.cnsc <n g<nd% <nc< nscs )h s0h /ulgulus% nscs sslnscsh
s*hnsc+ s+ nu"& bblsgc /*cbdh + s+"nchlcc hb h*ul *h3sunss. Dh* csnc b 2s bh*c hccs 2cnsC hl nc)+* sns*ssO C+cs sn cg*s h ch h*c )u3sns hdc)3s. Mul3s b *sdsc+"n slh/+% dh* nu lh cs hchs+ &: hl3ss b u*0ch.+ )<n+ lh )c*scbl? <n 2h3h lus% )*c2+cu3ss b +g+duscsc% )bls scscnss b dbscsc. Ch nu c.s + s+
75... sntcnssunch... C2. Br., &9B. 757... nu3s nscscrs6 C2. Scncch% Scrss!rs, SS? >Csnc cs c )*c u sndcns nu cs c nsc+sc*s" ;cd. cs .% ). (E: Mh*3shl% Cps#rh"c, #SS% 56% A? >FussFuss ubsFuc hhbs h . MhCs0c% nusFuh0 hhbs h " ;>Csnc lbcusc4 c )*c u sndcns% MhCs0us% nu lbcusc4 c nsc+sc*s"E. 78 *n ns"sc ul#hr6 C2. Cr., #: Br., 79A% 7(B. 787 "hrc *nclcpt6 C2. Scncch% Scrss!rs, @@S@? >Nscsbdh + n"h0 /*bs s+ 2su )c )lhcul 0ul3s0ss% c+cs cc cunbsc cu% 0ul3s0ch nu )*c3usc4 c 4s cc )*c3usc4 c 0ul3s0ch% cu nu cunbsc" ;cd. cs .% ). 58E. 786 ch"clc!ns6 Du)+ b c*cdsn3+ *hns0ss+ <nc+ dsn Hn schs h c% sc cbnssdc*h c+ h*hnh cCcluss/+ h ch0clcbnslb* h* 2s hc*ul% *c)*c.cn h hscs dc >su2lh*ch h)lhu.clb*" /ulgh*c. 7' dh* nu lh cs hchs6 C2. )*b/c*bul culcs dc Mh*chs.ul dc Shn sllhnh? >Jus" scsh% 0hs nb )b* nucs *h chsh" ;>D*c) h c% dh* nu lh nbs hchs+"E. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 7('
chs.s nscsbdh + u4h nscs cclus 0hs 0+*un *+u% c+cs b dchunh /b* /cns du)+ cl 0ul c hl clc 4s 0hs 0h*s% s <nd lh )<nd+. Cch 0hs bun+ s *h hgc0+ c h 4 s s+ schs0bs c+*3slc? 0hs 0ul cbn ch.+ ccl 0hs 0sc h u dc hcu0 dcc< ccl 0hs h*c dsn *"b 0<n+ *ccu +. Lh <ndbshl+% c ns0c*s s+ c hl+ u*s <n3clc)3slb* 4s )*udcn3slb* 7% c+cs% 0hs dc/*c0c shu 0hs <*.su% b dhu dc nb*bc. 67. 13tc cun!scut ch scr sh!sl%. Pcn *u ccs cc c<*0uscsc% 0h*c c*cds s+ 2hc+ )l+cc*c? *clsc2hs su/c*hnslb*% s)*c"h cucc*s ss0)h sh uns/c*shl+. Hccs h c ssngu*ul h/hn hD hl db0nscs? )u sn3h dc h 2hcc 0hs 0ul bsnc dcc< b3s. P*sc cns s<n ccs cc sc )bh* + )*sc cnc4 c. Hl3ss% dsn cbn *+% nu /b* s+ 2sc sc*/shbsls% nu h < dsn g*cu h c% c< dsn *+u h c% b)u4s <n b ul ds/sncs cb0unschbsls +3s7. 66. *n h s h!strh#p. C+cs dhc+ b 0h*c lcc3sc h /sc3ss c h 4 s s+ *c2u.s% 0hs 0h*c c h 4 s s+ c *c2u.s 3sc <nsu3s% *cbu*slb*% bh0cnslb*. S<n bcu)h3ss cC *h/hghn c% 0blss hlc s0)ulus )*c3sbs% 4s c 0hs *+u s+ c bcu)s cu cc/h nc)b *s/s dcc< s+ nu 2hcs ns0sc. Ch h cn % nu c dc"hDuns s+ nu c"h0cs ccs% cs c nc/bsc s+ nu c lh4s h0cs cch . Nu *cbusc s+ h)h*3ss <n *"h < h u u*b*h% <nc< s+ nu"3s 0hs h)h*3ss dclbc 3sc <nsu3s. Nscs dc )*sc cns ch + s+ nu hbu.c.s 4s nscs s+ nu /*cs dc lh cs 0hs 0ul dcc< 3s"h* hcb*dh. B*scc cCccs c /scsbs% 4s 0ul 0hs 0ul <n *clh3ss. Cu hcchs + cu0)+ h*c% <3s )+s *c.s 0hs bsnc bun+/bsn3h u u*b*h 4s s s0h% )cn *u c+ nu sc bcc4 c ncs)us dc )*c3sbhsh cu/ssn3+. S+ hs% h4hdh*% nch <*nh*ch uncs 2s*s )hssbnh c dc cc"s hlcs 4s s+ nu )+c+ usc4 s nscsbdh + cbn *h 0+* u*scs bunulus +u gus . 6(. Cun!h4tc3s rclsckul3rc#c%6 <n.cs *h*ch *c0h*chbsl+% cul s/"b )c ch 4s hDu +"lc )c cclclhl c. B*scsnc h* 2s )u u dbb<nds c0sncn3h <n cc/h% dhc+ 4s"h* 2s cunbscu h/hn hDul. Bbsc*/+"3s h *sbu ul"*cgc
6&: *nclcpsl!r 4s prudcnsl!r6 C2. Br., 7&. 67 13tc cun!scut ch scnsh!sl6 C2. Br., B% &85% &8'% 7B7. 677 !pu4s ds sncs c!"unsch!slsts6 Cu hl c cu/sn c% b)u4s )*bccsulus )*sn ch*c ds/sns h ch cb0unsc+ cu b0ul% s sc h*h +% hcb*d<ndu"s
bsnc2hcc*slc shlc ;RN"BM% ). 56. nb h 8E. C2. Cscc*b. Dcnhturh dc!ru", SS. @@#% A(? >Su))s c*... Lb) u0us 0hCu0usM c Fusdc0 hn c Lb) u0usM% sd cs bcnc2scscn ssss0us. Fuh0 0hCu0us" ;..Su)s c* <nsu4s... Lccl 2bh* c bun 4s 2bh* c 0h*cM% !ptu"us. hdsc+ k!hrtc !snckct!r, /cnsnd <nhsn c dc k!hrtc "hrc". 66 *n h s h!strh#s6 C2. Dssc, SS: Br., 7B7. = #c*bul s). h!strhcr, h hbs *hgc% h*c hscs scnsul dc h sc)h*h 4s h l+sh dcb)h* c% c2. Dssc, @S@? >cch 0hs 0h*c *cgul+ h /sc3ss c h 4 s s+ hbs *hgs". 6( rclsckul rc#c6 C2. Cr6, ': Br., 8'% &A&% 77B% 768. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 7B&
4s s)b*c4 c"s u.ul: lh unss )*ssbsc4 c Dudcch h% lh hl3ss cu*hDul. Ccs 0hs 0ul3s <4s /sblcn ch.+ ch)hcs h ch% 4s hs 2cl% <n ns0sc nu dbb<n"dcsc su)c*sb*s h ch? cc 0+gulc4 c )hssunch 0hs dc/*c0c% dc.h0+gc4 c 0hs <*.su s0)ul. 6B. 13s ! prcrc. s 0hs hlcs dcs)*c cc cs c 0hs hlcs. Kssndc+ nu g<ndcsc% sc )sc*d b3s )*b4 ss? nu Dudcc+ nscsbdh + luc*u*slc nscs )c Du0+ h c 4s% cu0 nu )*scc) )hgubh shu 2blbsul% nscs nu h)lsc+ s *+dusn3h. Khc unss 0ul ch. dc ccch cc h*c )u3sn+ s0)b* hn3+ 4s )u3sn dc cc h*c 0ul +% cu0)+nsnd 0c*cu )c dbs. Mul3s% ch unss ls)ss3s dc ss03s*c% n"b )sc*d. S<n luc*u*s cc h* *cbus bbsc*/h c cu bh + sslsn3h 4s )+s *h c <n hd<ncul 0sn3ss. <n3clc) ul <4s 2hcc )+*c*ch dcs)*c bh c% dc4s cu bscbs*c sh)+ undc"s hd<ncs0c 4s dubsu 4s undc c*cdc uncb*s c+ c 0hs 0ul dcc< c*cdc: h4h hDungc *c2lcc3sh undc n"h hDuns )c*cc)3sh. 6A. Punc3s lh *nccrchrc sbh* h&? ch s+ hc3sbnc.s% ch s+ c hnghDc.s. Cbn ch.+ 0hs 0ul dcc< bbsc*/h*ch c0)c*h0cn ulus% c+cs dhc+ )*bs c csnc <l chch0+ )c Hs)bc*h lh )h *u.ccs dc hns )cn *u s+n+ h c% 4s 0hs 4s csnc )c Scncch )cn *u cu0sn3cnsc7. Mh*c h* + h 4 s s"b cbnducs% c<nd h4 c) <nd"b% c+cs 4s *+bdh*ch sn *+"hscs. c<nd )*sn.<nd"b% c+cs h*c sb*bc 4s lbc? dc4s 2clul nu s"& )b3s su*)*sndc% h < <s c dc hnb*0hl+ cb0)b* h*ch. Csnc h /+.u "b bsnc/bs bh*c s+ 0ch*g+ 0hs dc)h* c cu"nd*+.nchl+6% c+cs ch bbs4nusc4 c s+ sc <nh0b*c.c dc cu c.+ b*s 4s chsh*% ch b cbchc +% dc snc*s(. Csnc c ncnb*bcbs s+ nu s +*usc% s+ sc *c *hg+% s+ nu"s dch )*slcDul h dbu+ ncnb*scs*s. Pc*sc/c*c.c csnc b db0sn+. 65. Cun!h4tc s#cslc% 4s3n h s lc k!l!sc4ts. C )unc ul ccl 0hs sub sl hl *clh3sslb* dsn *c bh0cns. S<n h*unch c )cn *u ss)s s*ch
cugc clb* 4s cu clc sc <n *c)*sndc cch 0hs dsss0ulh + 4s 0hs )+ *un.+ bh*c )*bbh*c h sns0ss. S<n hl clc *+u +csbhsc% u4b* dc h*unch % h snsc dc bu*ushnh sn/sdscs% unsc cu /cnsnul )h s0ss% *+snc c s0)c*cc) sbslc% ch s+ c su*)c dsn /<*2ul ss0)h scs 4s"hl cbnssdc*h3scs. Mul3s hu c+.u dsn 2h/bh*ch su)c*sbh*+ 4s sn2c*sbh*+ /ulnc*h3s dc b h h*c /b*b+ nc<nsc0nh +% sn4s c+*b*h b"n *chg+ uncl s*c dc 0u*0u*h*c gcnc*hl+ 4s dc *+u h c )c*sbnhl+ nu s.bu ssc h lc )*scsnus nscs ccl 0hs u4b* .d*uncsn. Hl clc% ds0)b *s/+% hc3sbnch.+ ch 2h/b*hbslc% s)*sDsnsndu" c 4s cbn2s*0<ndu" c <n *c)u h3sc. Dh* cu hccch4s dsb+csc cu ch*c lc h*unc+ sn cn3sh ch + h lc )*s0s )*cchu3sh 4s h lc h4 c) h h cn3sh% dcbh*ccc h)+*h*ch c <n c0csh + )c cunbh4 c*c% sh* lb/s u*h )*c/+.u + c b dchunh .+d+*nscs +. 68. *n h s tc rctrh#s c*nd s!hrth s3c c*4ts#t!hrc%. <n bc0hs Duc+ b*slb* cC)c*3s. Lh 2cl dc <nsc0nh + c b *c *hgc*c 2*u0bhs+ ch 4s un h hc /s cDcsc% b )unc*c lh hd+)bs h ss)*+/slb* 0+*c3c% dc"h* 2s dcs ulc% dc"h* 2s 0ul c. Nb*bcul nccu*0h h 2bs 0c*cu sus)cc ? 0hs ssgu* c ccl sn c*)blh 4s bh*ccu0 hc*u"dulcc c<nd <l sh/u*c.s. Nb*bhcclc% cu c< sc buluccsc 0hs 0ul % cu"h < *ssc+ 0hs 0ul s"hlunccc 4s s+ dch b ul dc *<)+. C *ccb0)cnsh + uncb*s scu* h du*h + h hh <*ulus dc sn cnss h ch lus. Sbh* h bs cnc4 c s+ c b duc+"n c<*c+. 6'. Cun!h4tc lucrurslc3n hp!#cul 4s lh ts"pul l!r, 4s3n h s lc k!l!sc4ts %. B)c*clc nh u*ss hDung bh c <n )lcns udsnch dcs+/<*4s*ss lb*? )<n+"hcblb hu c<4 sgh % h)bs <ncc) s+ )sh*d+. Dsn hlc h* cs% )u3snc s<n cclc cc" hDung s+ nu 0hs )bh + 2s h0clsb*h c. Cs c c0sncn3+ dc bun"gus sh/u*h*ch 2scc+*us luc*u <n )lcns udsnch sh: nu b3s )b 4s nu b3s ch*c )b 4 su. P<n+ 4s"n *bhdclc 0sn3ss cs c b cls)+ h cbhcc*ss: c s0)b* hn s+ b cunb4 s <n /cdc*ch )*c3us*ss 4s cCc*cs +*ss. (9. Ss"phtsh !h"cnsl!r%. Mul c s+ dbb<ndc4 s sl+/s*ch gcnc*hl+% dh* 0hs 0ul subs*ch? 3snc cu0/h dc s ch% ccl 0hs 0ul dc
7B6
s *+dusn3+: <ncc)c cu hccch 4s cbn snu+ cu hcchs h. Nu hDungc c0sncn3h <n.cs *+*slb*% dc4s sc sub<n3clcgc% c+cs c u4b* s+ c<4 sgs h2cc ul du)+ cc hs c<4 sgh cbncc) ul. C nc/bsc% dh*% )cn *u bsnc"0c*s h*c% dc bsnc2hcc*c? s+ 2hcs bsnclc cu h0<ndbu+ 0<snslc% /b*bc bunc 4s 2h) c 4s 0hs bunc% s+ subc4 s ch s+ 2ss subs 7. Cu* cnsh c cch 0hs 0h*c /*hD+ )bls sc+ h 0h*slb* bh0cns. <n sndc 0<nh 0hs <n <s ss)*+/slb* 4s"hbsh )c u*0+ )cnclb* 6? dc lh b4 s*c lh b 4 s*c sc*ss+(% c+cs cCss + b ss0)h sc h sc*ss b*slb*% 4s c /c4nsc+. (&. Nu c-h#crh nscs!dht%. Mh*c )*cbcu)h*c h h cn3scs% s+ nu /b*bc4 s <n su)c*lh s/c% 2sc )cn *u h nu *ssch s+ b2cnsc.s hdc/+*ul% 2sc )cn *u h nu"3s s sg0h s.h cu0sn3cnsh. CChgc*+*slc s<n *sss)c hlc )*c3us*ss 4s sc0n dc )u3sn+ h c h cunbh4 c*ss 4s gus ulus. Lhudh *c.c4 c /su cu*sb.s h ch% d+ )sn cns db*sn3cs% sh* h)bs% dhc+ /hlbh*ch nu cb*cs)undc )*c3us*ss% cu0 sc <n <0)s+ dc bbsccs% h4 c) h*ch sc"n bh*cc <0)b *s/h h0+gs*ss 4s sc dcs)+gubc4 c dss)*c3usnd bbscc ul lhudcs 4s )c clbgsh b*. Cu0sn clc )*bccdch.+% h4hdh*% 2bh* c 0+su*h 4s /*ch s+ )+c+ ushsc+ 0hs 0ul )*sn scu* s0c dcc< )*sn lungs0c. S<n *h*c c0sncn3clc? )*c3us*ch s+ sc c0)c*c.c. Lhudh cCccss/+ c l+s h* dc 0sncsun+ 4s"3s )sc*.s h4h *c)u h3sh dc bun"gus % ch*c c 0h*c% 4s )c cch dc )*scc)u % ch*c"s 4s 0hs 0h*c. (7. Dcsprc hsccndcntul ksrcsc%. C b )u c*c hsnsc+ h su)c*sb*s +3ss. Nu *cbusc s+ )u*cchd+ dsn *"un h* s2scsu su)+*+ b*% cs dsn *"b nh u*+ hu b*s h*+. Tb3s s sc su)un% 2+*+ h"4s dh sch0h cu0% *ccunbsc<nd /sgbh*ch hsnsc+ h hu b*s +3ss <nn+scu c. Hcc4 sh% 2s*s db0snh bh*c% s<n *cgs )*sn 0c*s 4s lcs )*sn )*s/slcgsu nh s/% subDug<ndu"lc cclb*lhl3s sns0h 4s chsh* g<ndul% <n /s* u ch *cs)cc ulus lb*. Dhc+ <s 2h/b*s.ch.+ 4s cclclhl c <n.cs *+*s% s"hu n+scu )cn *u cclc dsn <s chu.c )bls scc% )cn *u c+ 2hc 0hs 0ul c"un gcs dcc< hl3ss cu b )lc b*+. (6. G*hdc4tc cu ccs pusns 4s !r!c4tc cu ccs "uls%. H /bs s+"nhsn c.s cbn *h cu*cn ulus cs c )c c< dc s0)bssbsl )cn *u dc."

h0+gs*c% )c"h < dc lcsnc )cn *u )c*scbl. Nu0hs Sbc*h c h* )u ch s"b 2hc+7. P+*c*ch cbn *h*+ c cbnssdc*h + Dsgns*c% )cn *u c+ <nsch0n+ cbndh0nh*ch Dudcc+3ss cclb*lhl3s: sc <n0ul3csc nc0ul3u0s3ss% 2sc dsn chu.h subscc ulus ccn.u*h % 2sc dsn chu.h% cclus ch*c"& h)lhudh. Hdc/+*ul c )cn *u )u3sns% h0+gs*ch c )c c< dc cb0un+% )c"h < dc /ulgh*+. <n3clc) ul nu *cbusc dcdus nscs du)+ cu/<n h*ch dsn )sh3+% dcbh*ccc hcblb nu /b*bc4 c cu glhsul s+u% cs cu hcclh hl )*bs scs bb4 c4 s% chsh* dhc+ sn c*sb*ul s+u b dc.0sn c. Cu0sn clc c/s + 4s s+ cbn *h.sc+% 4s s+ 2sc cbn *h.ss? )c c< c dc )*b0) lh c*s sc+% )c"h < c dc *c3snu s"b 2hc+ )ublsc+. B)snsh c lsbc*+% nu )bh c 4s nu *cbusc s+ 2sc /sblcn h +? sc *c *hgc <n shnc uh*ul +cc*ss shlc 4s% dhc+ uncb*s sc 0hns2cs +% b 2hcc sub )*b cc3sh cclb* )u3sns 4s cu0sn3s. ((. Ss"phtsc cu "hrss !r!hs%. Cbncb*dh*ch cu c*bss c <n.cs *h*c dc c*bu )*sn hsn+ 4s 2blbs. CCss + <n*uds*s dc sns0s 4s 2s*s. 4s c2cc clc lb* s<n cclc )c ch*c sgnb*hn3h /ulgh*+ lc h *sbusc clsCs*clb*. Nu sc b)*c4 c dbh* lh )*c3us*c% cs hn scs)+ bun+/bsn3h 4s hDungc chsh* lh <nclsnh3sc: cbn/sngc 2+*+ cu/sn c 4s bb3snc 2+*+ 0c*s c. C hc s/+ 4s )hss/+7% 4s unh% 4s hl h cu h < 0hs 2c*scs c% cu c< 0hs subls0c. Mh*c dsb+csc s+ lc cunb4 s% s+ lc dss sngs 4s s+ 4 ss h lc dbb<nds. c+cs nu"s )c*sc/c*cn3+ dc hDuns 2+*+ hcchs + 2h/bh*c scc*c +. (B. S+ u0c0s, nu s h!u0c0s dc sclc4u#urs. Nu *cbusc s+ 2hcs )h*hd+ dc clc% nccu0 s+ lc dhs <n /slchg? b*scc h* + *cbusc hscuns+% c+cs c sus)cc +% 4s cu h < 0hs 0ul cch h 4s*c cnscs% ch*c
c bdsbhs+. H0+gs*ch c 0ul 2blbss +: s)b*chsc+ b+nushlh% dh* 2+*+ h sc 2hcc cunbscu +% c+cs h* )*slcDus nc<nc*cdc*ch? nc0ul3u0c4 c 0ul 4s"0)sngc lh *+.bunh*c% *c.c4 c *+ul )c ch*c nu 3s l"hs <nchs)us . Chsb.usn3+ <n cb0)b* h*c c dc 0h*c 2blbs <n luc*h*c? nu cCss + b 0hs <nsc0nh + )*cbcu)h*c h *h3sunss. Cch 0hs 0h*c )c*2cc3sunc h hc3sunslb* c gh*hn h + dc hu b*s h ch cu ch*c s<n s+/<*4s c. (A. C!rcctch03s hntsphtsh%. Bbs4nus0 s+ u*<0 g*h us % 4s chsh* <nhsn c dc"h sbcb s <n.cs *+*slc )*c/+.u c. s uncb*s% hcchs + /ulgh*s.h + h/c*ssunc <nn+scu + sc"ncu0c + 4s cbn *h b+*bh3slb* c0sncn3s. S+ b cb*cc c.c cu0sn3cnsh% c+cs nu c dssc*cds h*c 0hs *ch dcc< h"s dc cs h )c ccs 0hs buns? )c c< dc"n+l3+ bh*c c ss0)h sh cu c*bss% )c"h < c dc s sg0h s.hn + hn s)h sh.
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7B5
B7 ...cu"ptul6 C2. Dssc% @S#: Br., 8% BB. B6 Dsls#cnt 4s sntcls#cnt6 C2. Dssc% @@S: Hsc., @@@.
B6" #*ndc4tc *ndclun#6 C2. )*b/c*bul >Pcnsh* dcs)hcsb ! bb*h* h)*ssh" ;>G<ndc4 c <ncc 4s hc3sbnch.+ su c"E. B6" hlchr# *ncct6 <n lh .% >2cs snh lcn c"% scn sn3+ h *sbus + dc Suc bnsus lus Hugus us. B( 1ss !rh cu"sntc6 C2. Hsc, @L#SS: Crst., SS% 8: SSS% A. B( Pc lcul "!rt...6 #c.s P!l, nb h 57. B(6 Cu curh7ul nu3s dc #lu"st? #c.s .schlh )b)ulh*+ <n*cgss *h + dc Rbd*sguc. Mh*sn% >Nb hh! bu*lhs cbn cl h0b*"% ;>Cu d*hgbs ch nu"s dc glu0s "E% 2blbss + 4s dc Chldc*bn ch s lu hl uncsh dsn *c cb0cdsslc shlc. 7B8 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS

7B'
B8. *n h s tc hdhptc0s%. Nu *cbusc s+ c h*+3s u u*b*h lh 2cl dc )*scc)u % nscs s+ 2blbsc4 s 0hs 0ul c 2b*3c dcc< c nc/bsc: s+ nu 2hcs *sss)+ nscs dc 4 ssn3+% nscs dc 0c*s c? bunul 4bs0h* nu lhnsch.+ c+ *c )*hd+ 0hs 0ul c *+)s bh*c dcc< c nc/bsc ch s"b /<nc.c. Nu c h*+ h 0c*cu% c+cs 0<snc")bs0<snc nu /cs 0hs us0s. S+ hs b dchunh b nbu h c cu ch*c s+ s *+lucc4 s% <n *uc< csnc .slnsc dc./+lusc 0hs 0ul <n *c3snc 0c*cu h4 c) h*ch 4s nu s sc dcscb)c*+ nscsbdh + hb h*clc 0h*ss ch)hcs +3s. B'. B" cu 0h !un%. <n chsh Kb* uncs% dhc+ sn *s )c u4h )l+cc*ss% sc4s )c cch h du*c*ss% 4s sn/c*s: h cn3sc% dh*% lh s2<*4s % <ng*sDsndu" c 0hs 0ul dc nb*bcul dc lh sc4s*c dcc< dc h)lhu.clc dc lh sn *h*c. Rcs *s4 ch cb0un+ h nb*bcb4slb* cs c c+ hu <ncc)u u*s 2bh* c )*sclnscc 4s s21*4s u*s ncs)us dc *hgscc. H)bgcul nu s +"n h)lhu.clc /ulgh*c dc lh sn *h*c% c+cs bh c s<n h)lhudhbslc% cs <n ss03s*ch bb4 chsc+ dc lh sc4s*c% c+cs *h*s s<n ccs *cg*c h3s: *h*cb*s <s <nsb3c4 c nb*bcul )c ccs cc scs: )c c< sc"h*h + dc cu* cns b* cu ccs cc /sn% )c"h < dc nc)bls scbs cu ccs cc )lchc+. A9. 8udccs !unc%. Unss sc nhsc )*udcn3s: sn *+"n <n/+3+ u*+ cu hccs h/hn hD hl bunulus"ss03 nh s/% 4s hs 2cl hu 4s )h*cu*s Du0+ h c dsn d*u0ul c+ *c succcsc. Cu /<*s h 4s cC)c*scn3h% *h3sunch sc cbhcc dc)lsn% 4s cs hDung lh b Dudcch + 2bh* c cu0)+ns +: u*+sc b*scc ch)*scsu ch )c"b ss)s + h cu0sn3cnscs% 4s 0hs cu sch0+ <n )*bblc0c dc s h % undc% dh b*s + s0)b* hn3cs lb* su)*c0c% sc cc*c ssgu*hn3+ 2+*+ g*c4. Hsc0cnch bh0cns 0c*s + s+ s ch lh c<*0+% 2sc )cn *u 0<nus*ch cs% 2sc )cn *u s2h . A&. C"sncn *n cc3s "hs !un%6 ! 0h*c ssngulh*s h c <n *"b )lu*hls h c dc dcs+/<*4s*s. Nu )bh c cCss h c*bu 2+*+ /*cb cul0c subls0+: 0cdsbc*s +3slc nu s<n bbscc hl h)lhu.clb*. C0sncn3h <n *"b sluDb+ *c0h*chbsl+ c scbh c dsn /ulgh*s h ch cb0un+ 4s c"nhl3+ lh ch cgb*sh cCcc)3sbnhlulus. H 2s c0sncn <n *"b )*b2cssc u0sl+ <nsch0n+
h 2s cc/h <n )u3sn? cu c< b2c*+ 0hs 0ul + dclcc h*c% cu h < 0hs )u3sn+ glb*sc. CCcclh*ch <n db0cnss
)*s/slcgsh c c bh*ccu0 b *+s+ u*+ h su/c*hns +3ss? s0)unc hd0s*h3sh 4s h *hgc h2cc3sunch. A7. Lucrch0 cu uncltc !unc%. Unss /b* ch cC *c0h sub sls +3ss lb* s+ *bnc.c <n Dbsnscsh uncl clb*? sh ss2hc3sc )*s0cDdsbhs+% /*cdnsc+ dc b )cdch)s+ 2h hl+. Dcs bsnscsh 0snss *ulus n"h 4 s*bs nscsbdh + 0+*c3sh )h *bnulus: 0hs cu*<nd% bh + glb*sh succcsclb* *cchdc h)bs hsu)*h chu.cs )*sncs)hlc% ch 4s% ds0)b *s/+% bch*h. Khs0h 0c*gc b dchunh cu )*s0ss. Nu .scc nscsbdh +? hcclh h h/u 0sns4 *s buns shu )*b4 s% cs? hcclh h 2bs 0c4 c* bun shu )*bs . S+ *chc+% h4hdh*% )*sn hlcgc*c% )*sn cCh0snh*c% 2ssndc+ lb* ls sc /h <nc*cdsn3h nc0u*s*ch uncs *c)u h3ss. A6. C-cclhrc cu *nt*scthtc%. Sh* dhc+ 4s cu c0sncn3+% <ndbs +. Mh*c h/hn hD s+ Dbcs 0<nh<n <s% dcbh*ccc <n cbnds3ss cghlc c<4 sgs. Mul3s h* 2s 2bs 2cnsc4s <n sluDbclc lb*% dhc+ nu lc"h* 2s luh "b hl3ss <nhsn c. P*s0ss sc" hlcg cu bh + 0b4 cns*ch 2hs0cs% )cn *u ccs dc du)+ cs *+0<nc sub.ss cn3h bb3snu + )*sn )*bccs 7: b*sc< h* n+du4s% nu )b ss)+4s /ulgh*ul bc c4ug hl s0s h3scs. Sub sls h c dc )*bdsgsb4s h 2bs n+scbcs*ch dc nbs d*u0u*s )cn *u c0sncn3c% nu0hs s+ lc gh*hn c.c <ns+ cu0sn3cnsh <ncc*c+*slc. <n3clc)3ss 4s"hu 2+cu lbc <n ch hlbgul c*bslb* )*sn nbu h ch )*cbcu)+*slb*. Unss /b* s+ 2sc 0hs dcg*hb+ )*s0ss <n h dbuh ch cgb*sc dcc< sccun.s <n )*s0h. A(. *n h s tc p0c4ts dc ncch0urs%. H c 2c*s dc nc)l+cc*s c cu0sn3cnsc u sl+. <n3clc)csunch c/s + 0ul c? cs c Lucsnh7 nb*bculus 4s% ch h h*c% h 0ul3u0s*ss. #c4 slc *clc nu lc dh 4s% cu h < 0hs )u3sn% nu lc )*s0s? *cbusc s+ ls sc sn c*.sc+ sn *+*slc% cu cCcc)3sh cclcs h lchculus. Unb*h ls sc cb*u) u*cchslc dc c< dulcc hud <n lsngu4s*s: hl b*h% dc c< h0h* hscul +"n b<*2cls% 4s s<n unss ch*c nu )b *+s 2+*+ /*cb nc)l+cc*c cb sdshn+% cu0 nscs Ms *sdh c 2+*+ b *h/+6. Rcgul+ h )+s *+*ss hlc nu c <ns+ nscs /bsn3h dc h"3s )*s"csnus un ncch. dc"b /sh3+ ch s+" s 2hcs b dh + )l+cc*c hl ush% 2sc cl ccl 0hs h)*b)sh . S+ nu )+c+ usc4 s nscsbdh + <0)b *s/h )*b)*scs
hlc 2c*scs*s ch s+"s 2hcs )c )lhc cclus cc d+ s2h u*s 4s *+0<nc h2h*+% sh* <n b*scc <0)*cDu*h*c% b*s dc c< c b*s h* 2s dc hlcs <n *c h"s 2hcc hl ush b bucu*sc 4s h"3s 2hcc 3sc *+u% b lcc3sc dc 2blbs s)unc c+ 0hs bsnc s+ sc h0+*hsc+ ccl+lhl hcu0 dcc< u )c u*0+ 4s 2+*+ lchc. AB. Gust hlcs%. Sc cc*c cul s/h % ch 4s sngcnsb.s h ch. CCcclcn3h <n3clcgc*ss *clsc2ch.+ h)c s ul db*sn3cs% sh* h)bs% )l+cc*ch )bscssunss7% <n+l3s0ch uncs ch)hcs +3s sc cunbh4 c du)+ clc/h3sh <nclsnh3scs. B 0h*c ch)hcs h c% s)*c h sc <0)lsns% h*c nc/bsc dc un bbscc 0h*c: h4h cu0 0h*slc <0buc+ u*s s<n )cn *u gu*slc 0h*s% 0h c*sslc subls0c )cn *u subls0clc 2s*s. <s 4 su dc 2*sc+ cclc 0hs <nd*+.nc3c bbscc c% 4s cclc 0hs ssgu*c dcs+/<*4s*s <4s )sc*d <nc*cdc*ch <n ssnc: s<n )u3snc cclc dc )*s0+ 0+*s0c? 2sc *h*+ )*c3us*ch. Gus u*slc sc dcs)*snd )*sn *clh3ss 4s sc 0b4 cncsc )*sn cbn snus h c? 0h*c nb*bc s+ cb0unscs cu csnc/h cc"& h*c"n h)bgcu. Tb u4s nu *cbusc s+ dcclh*s c+ b ul <3s dss)lhcc% )cn *u c+ c unh dsn cChgc*+*slc )*bs c4 s% 0hs bdsbhs+ dsn h2cc h*c dcc< dsn ncs+"bus*c. Unss h* /*ch6 ch Du0nc.cu s+ c*cc.c hl + lu0c 4s hl c )c*2cc3suns )cn *u 0ul3u0s*ch 2hn c.scs lb* cC *h/hghn c. AA. Htcnsc ch s3s shs !snc lucrurslc,. Unss shu h0sn c 0hs 0ul lh *sgbh*ch ds*cc3scs dcc< lh 2c*scs*ch h sngc*ss scb)ulus% dh* b dchunh 0hs g*cu h <*n+ dssc*cds ul nc2c*scs*ss dcc< ncs *+0u" h*ch dslsgcn cs. <n/sng+ b*ul n"h*c dc dh sbcb chl+. Ccs 0hs 0ul3s nscs nu bbsc*/+ cChc s h ch cs*cu0s hn3clb*% cs *c.ul h clc bunc shu )*bhs c% d*c) ch*c nu"3s )sc*.s nscsbdh + *c)u h3sh c<nd <3s h sngs scb)ul. Un s2<*4s bun )blcsc4 c b ul&% chsh* dhc+"& dc."
0sn g*c4clslc 0sDlbhcclb*% c+cs c b h* + s+ 0c*gs <0)b *s/h h* cs% dhc+ hl 0sn c*s nu )b3s dbb<nds 2c*scs*ch dc" h sc4s bsnc. A5. Prckcr slu7!clc nplhudh!slc%. Mhs bh c luc*u*slc dc)snd dc sh ss2hc3sh cclb*lhl3s. P*c3us*ch c )cn *u dcs+/<*4s*s ccch cc c 2h/b"nsul )cn *u 2lb*s? su2lh*c 4s /sh3+. S<n sluDbc cC)usc hclh0h3scs uns/c*shlc% 4s s<n hl clc% dc4s 0hs 0h*s% dclbc /s.sbslc: hcclch% s+/<*4sndu"sc <n /+.ul u u*b*h% ch) ch.+ bun+/bsn3h bb4 chsc+: hccs ch% dc4s 0hs d+*us c cu cCcclcn3+ 4s hh*% *+0<n <n hsnh s0)c*"cc) sbsls +3ss lb*? /cnc*h c% dh* nch)lhudh c. P*sn *c su/c*hns% bs*us b*ss s<n ccs )*bsl+/s3s% 4s dc"hccch *cgss H*hgbnulus hu 2bs h < dc h)lhudhbsls ch *+.bbsnscs% cucc*s b*s 4s 0+*sns0b4s7. Mh*clc b+*bh s+ )*c2c*c sluDbclc cclcb*c% )c ch*c b3s s+ lc /hd+ 4s s+ lc"0)+* +4chsc+% 4s s+ *+0<n+ s0b* hls.h )*sn su2*hgsslc bb4 c4 s. A8. Cults *nclc#crch. C dc
0hs 0h*c dcs+/<*4s*c dcc< s+ cul s/s 0c0b*sh% <n *uc< 4s c 0hs 0h*c. Uncb*s *cbusc s+ *ch0sn c4 s% hl cb*s s+ )*c/ss. Unss *cnun3+ s+ 2hc+ bc0hs luc*u*slc ch*c"h* 2s 2bs <n h)bgcu% )cn *u c+ nu lc *ccc )*sn g<nd: hDu c"s h uncs bbsc*/h3sh )*sc cnchsc+ s+ <n3clchg+ 2blbhsclc. Unul dsn cclc 0hs 0h*s h/hn hDc hlc 0sn3ss cs c s+ *chls.c.c cc c s0)b* hn . K+*+ hcchs h% *+0<n nc<0)lsns c 0ul c s.b<n.s. S+ dch lu0snh ccl cc"b h*c 4s s+ b cch*+ csnc b cc*4c4 c&? hcclh cu )*udcn3+% hccs h cu h cn3sc: c dc hDuns b hlu.sc. C ncccsh*+ hcchs + sub sls h c c<nd c <n Dbc 2blbsul cclus cc dc4 ch) +7: ch + s+ h*+3s bun"gus 4s s+ *ccs lh 0hs 0ul dc nu /h 2s dc"hDuns? b dh + cc hs nu"ul% )b*nc4 c <n c+u h*ch lus dh cu dsb+csc% c+cs dc cclc 0hs 0ul c b*s nu"& bb3ss 2ssndc+ nu <ncc*cs. A'. Nu tc plcch uncs t!hnc ul#hrc%. Mh*c b0 ccl cc nscsbdh + nu sc su)unc unb* s0)*csss ch)*scsbhsc. C lcc3sc dc )*c"
A'7 hcul dc !hlhn...6 C0blc0h >P*udcn cs" dc Hlcsh s h*c ch clc0cn )*sncs)hl b bhlhn3+% slus *<nd scn sn3h lus Clcbbul? >M+su*h c luc*ul ccl 0hs bun"% Dsb"gcncs Lhc* sbs% !p. cst., S% '6% cd. cs .% ). &(6. 59 *n h s rcku0s6 C2. Dssc, @@SS: Br., &(% &67% 76B: Crst., SS% &&: SSS% 6. 597 pcntru ccs cc #u crnch06 Rb0c*h Nh/h**b ;BM. ). &(8E cs ch.+ h2s*0h3sh h *sbus + dc G. Bb c*b $Dctts "c"!rh!sls, 2bl. B*E ch*dsnhlulus Cn*scb Ghc hnb? >Ms dsssc chc chs nbn sh)c/h ncgh*c% nbn sh)c/h *cgnh*c...: nbn 0s )h* cbsh nsssunh )su ds22scslc 1 un P*cncs)c chc ds sh)c* ncgh*c cbn g*h sh c cbn sh ss2h sbnc hl *us." Cb**chs <n*cgss *ch.+ )*b/c*bul? %I& Fuc nb shbc ncgh*% nb shbc *csnh*". 596 J#u"ul 4s dh"ul? C2. Hn bnsb Pc*c.% Prs"crhs chrths, C@L@% BHC% . @SSS% ). (88? >s )bh c bc0hs dc"hccch h *cbus s+ 2sc cclc 0hs scu* c dsn *c bh c dh"ul 4s nu"ul% )cn *u ch bh0cnss s+ 2sc *c)cdc dc.h0+gs3s c+ <nsc4s cu/sn clc dcs snh c s+ dc.h0+gchsc+ s<n cclc 0hs scu* c" ;HH"BG. BC% ). &56 hE. 5& J#u R snc!nscc cnt...6 C2. Dssc, #S. 264 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS
5&7 h chu0cl!r Ds"h "crstcl!r... Ssngu*h 0bds2sch*c dc b)snsc Dus s2schbsl+ c cch ch*c 3snc dc schs0bh*ch bbscc s/+ h cs*cu0s hn3clb* ;>chu.c 4s 0c*s cE% cbnssdc*h3sc <nsc*ss+ <n *"b <ndclungh + *hds3sc% h cs h + bun+bh*+ <n )*b/c*bul lh sncsc >P*udcn ss cs 0u h*c cbnsslsu0? s ul us sscu lunh 0u h u*" ;>Ch*hc c*ss sc <n3clc) ulus cs c s+"4s schs0bc )+*c*ch? )*bs ul sc schs0b+ ch lunh"E shu dc *c2lcc3ss ch hccch h lus Cscc*b?% Jsc0b dbc us unFuh0 0u h sbnc0 cbnsslss sncbns hn c0 dsCs cssc" $Cp. hd Httscu"., @#S% 8% >Nscs un <n3clc) nu h s)us /*cbdh + c+ schs0bh*ch )+*c*ss c sncbns hn +"E% <n lsnsh c+*b*h sc <nsc*su 4s )*b/c*bc s)hnsblc ch? >Dcl shbsb cs 0udh* )h*ccc*" ;Sbh*bsE shu >Cl shbsb 0udh cbnscDb" ;Rbd*<guc. Mh*snE shu >Cl shbsb 0udh cbnscDb% ! cl nccsb nb". S"h bbsc*/h <ns+ c+ *c2lcc3sh lus G*hcs1n u*0ch.+ b lsnsc sh)scn3shl+ )h*hlcl+% <n ch*c cbns h h*ch <nd*c) +3s*ss uncs schs0b+*s dc b)snsc cs c <nsb3s + dc un chls2sch s/%
)*ccu0 <n Scncch? >Nbn cs u*)c cu0 *c 0u h*c cbnsslsu0" ;Dc !cnckscsss, #% @@@#SSSE shu >H nuc/b 2cchb hh 0cncs c* nuc/b cbnscDb" ?Lh Cclcstsnh shu >H nuc/b ncgbcsb% nuc/b cbnscDb" ;Hc*n1n Nu2sc.E. #c.s RN"BM% ). &B9: HH"BG. BC% ). &56. 57& B" h!tr*t6 Tc*0snblbgsh hccs us h2b*ss0 cb*cs)undc )*bblc0cs cblbgscc >dc huCslsss" ;BP"BG. BC% ).6'9E. 577 prc"!sunc6 Tc*0cn dc s *sc + s)ccshls h c% cbnsc0nh hbsh <n )*s0ul Dsc3cs!nhrs! dc Hut!rsdhdcs6 >Mbcsbn hn c*sb* Fuc snclsnh 1 hlgun c2cc b u b)c*h"csbn". K*cc/cn u sls.h <n ls0bhDul cblbgsc dsn scc. hl @#S"lch 4s hl @#SS"lch. B chcs sunc dss)u h + h)*sns h 2bs h4h"nu0s h prc"!punc ks0sc $prcdctcr"snhrch), ch*c s"h dc.bsnh )c db0snschns% )h* s.hns hs )*cdc c*0sn+*ss% 4s )c sc.us3s% )h* s.hns hs h*0bns.+*ss g*h3scs shu hh*ulus cu lsbc*ul h*bs *u. #c.s RN"BM% ). &B7% nb h (. 576 unush dsntrc cs6 Hlu.sc lh Kc*nhndb Ch blscul% c+*ush% du)+ cc h dh lcgs Lu0ss #cchs% s"h *+0hs s0) 4s )cn *u Lu0ch Nbu+. Hlu.sh h 2bs clh*s2sch + dc H* u*b dcl Hb!b ;HH"BG. BC% ). &56bE. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 7AB
)us dbh* )c glu0+ nu"s nscsbdh + b0 hdc/+*h . Pc"hcc4 sh<s )unc0 )c"hcclh4s )lhn cu 0sncsnb4ss% ncd<ndu"lc c*c.h*c? unb*h% dc ch0h 0sncsunss% cclb*lhl3s% dc"h .c2lc0clss. Nu sc 4 sc nscsbdh + c<nd /b*bcsc cu ch)% ccch cc c ch 4s cu0 nu l"h* h/ch. Nu c ncch. 0hs 0h*c ch un hh. nccu*0h . Hl3ss"4s 2hc *cnu0c dc 0uchls3s% dh* <4s )sc*d c*cds ul dc cu0sn3s. Jb/shls h ch *cbusc s+"4s hsb+ 0b0cn ul s+u. )c bh c cclclhl c% sc*sb.s h ch. ==. n-h/ s tc dcprs"s cu tbp0. Judscsbs P*b cu? cu dbc ul% dbc % 4s cu s2<n ul. sl<n . Mh*c h* + dc h"s c<4 sgh )c b3s% 2ssndc+ hsc0+nh*ch h *hgc bun+/bsn3+. Bb.sc*/+ 2s*slc 4s hdh) ch.+" c 2scc+*ush? sc*sbsulus 4s Db/shlulus% u*0ch.+"lc cu*cn ul% 2+c<nd *hns2b*0h*c )bls sc+? u*gcn + )cn *u dc)cndcn3s. Hcchs + 0h*c sub sls h c h /sc3ss ncccss + b 0h*c ch)hcs h c: 0hs )u3sn ds2scsl+ )cn *u b+*bh ul uns/c*shl ch sngcnsb.s h c <n cunb4 sn3c 4s ch 2s*c <n gus u*s. 58. Hrth *nccpcrss%. P*bs sh sn *+ b dchunh d<nd bu.nh% c+cs b3s )*b4 ss s<n <n2s)3s. <nsu4s ss0)lss0ul lb*% ch*c"s <0)scdsc+ 0hs <n <s s+ bbsc*/c nchDunsu*slc% <s sch)+ h)bs 4s dc 0<hns*ch dc.hs *clb*. Dh* Cu0sn3cnsh <ncc)c cu 0ul hc : cc*cc h4ss cs s<n Luh*ch"h0sn c 4s P*c/cdc*ch? 0c*g <n *ccunbh4 c*c% ch s+ )u*cchd+ 2+*+ *sscu*s. B*scc Tc0c*s h c c bs<nds + dc Chsb.usn3+ lh )*+/+ls*c% chsh* dhc+ Nb*bcul b hbsbl/+ uncb*s. T*cbusc s+ 0c*gs cu sbcb sn3+ )c undc c c0s dc 0h*s hd<ncs0s? s+ h hcc Shghcs h ch 4s s+ c<4 sgc c*cn P*udcn3h. S<n )*hgu*s 0h*s hs +.s <n *clh3sslc cu bh0cnss: c bsnc s+ 0c*gs h*unc<nd 0c*cu sbndh. 5'. U"!hrc cu u"!r%. Mbdc*h % c <n.cs *h*c% nu cusu*. Un g*+un c dc /bsb4sc d+ gus bun lh b*scc. s ccs 0hs 0h*s bh0cns Dbhc+ )scsh hh.ulus% ch*c h *hgc ss0)h sh uns/c*shl+. C+u <nd <ns+ 0c*cu lh bb*h.ul cu0sn3cnscs 4s )u* <nd *cs)cc cu/ssn3cs. Hl3ss dsn *"b /b*b+ dc duh <4s 2hc scu* + u*+ dc sc4s dsn b*scc <ncu*c+"
55" *n h s tc dcprsn0s cu t!s6 S"h bbsc*/h sn2lucn3h dbc *sncs lus Sgnhdb dc Lb!blh hsu)*h hccs us h2b*ss0? >H!udh hun cl cbn2b*0h*nbs cbn sus cbndscsbncs cbndcsccndc* cbn cllbs: ! dsss0ulh* cbn cllbs ! shls* cbn nbsb *bs% hhcscndbnbs b0nsh b0nsbus". Rsbhdcnc!*h. Rhts! Auh" sn # !c"hndss, <n Hk!nu"cnth. Scrsc Auhrth. Scrspth dc St. S4nhts!, &.&% Mhd*sd% &'9(% hpud HH"BG. BC% ). &5B h. C2. 4s & C!r., '% 77? >B0nsbus b0nsh 2hc us su0" ;>Tu u*b* bh c 0"h0 2+cu "E. 58& Hrth *nccpcrss6 Hdsc+ h* h dc h <ncc)c b hc3sunc% b b)c*+% shu dc h hbb*dh b <n *c)*sndc*c. S"h sc0nhlh hsc0+nh*ch dsn *c hccs h2b*ss0 4s CS dcsc!s! dc MsFucl Cb0hlhdh% sns)s*h dsn Rh0bn Llull ;BP"BG. BC% ). 6'&E. 5' U"!hrc cu u"!r. C2. Dssc, S@: Br., 5A% 7(&. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS
7A5
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'96 sk*r4c4tc... *n d!u kclurs6 Hdsc+ <4s )sc*dc 4s /sh3h% 4s *c)u h3sh. '9( lun# c... shh !un6 C2. Scncch% Scrss!rs, @CSSS? >Lbngh cs /s h% ss )lcnh cs " ;>#sh3h cs c lung+% dhc+ cs c dc)lsn+"% cd. cs .% ). 66&E. '& ...s"prudcn6 C2. Dssc, SS. <ndc0nul dsn hccs c)sg*h2c h0bsguu% 4s cu h < 0hs 0ul dhc+ lu+0 <n cbnssdc*h*c cclc cc u*0ch.+% dh* sn c*)*c h*ch ul c*sbh*+ <s clh*s2sc+ scnsul? s+ hc3sbnc.s b*s dc c< c b*s nu cCss + dubss hlc )*udcn3cs. #c.s RN"BM% ). &85% nb h &. '&7 cldurh phssunss... lh rccc6 G*hcs1n s)ccs2sc+ hscs ch.ul ccl 0hs *sschn )cn *u )*udcn3+% ch*c *cbusc s+ b)snc.c 4s h uncs c<nd cugc ul c cu)*sns dc )hssunc. '&6 nc"snc dsscrcphntc Ghppr!!htus56 Hdsc+ >h)*bbh 2+*+ ch ns0cns s+ 2sc dc hl + )+*c*c": c*h 2b*0ulh sc*ss+ du)+ nu0clc unus s udcn ch*c 2uscsc )*b0b/h dc b3s cCh0snh b*ss s+s. 272 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNTCS
'A. Dcsprc "hrch ssndcrc0%. C *bnul *h3sunss% bh.h )*c/cdc*ss% c+cs% dh b*s + cs% ns0c*s*ch 3sn cs cbs + )u3sn. C nb*bc cc*csc% 4s <nc+ ccl 0hs *</ns % ch <n <sul 4s ccl 0hs bun? )*s0h )scs+ dsn h*0u*+% dc"b h h*c u*gcn3+% <nc< nscs b hl h ch*c s"h* ls)ss unus b0 nu l"h* chls2sch d*c) ls)ss : 0snusul cs sc /cdc 0hCs0. Tbh c luc*+*slc /sc3ss dc)snd dc <n*<u*s*ch cs 4s bh c"s cc* cbn2s*0h*ch% c+cs b ul *cbusc s+ 2sc cu c*csc*. Cbns + dsn *"b <nclsnh*c <nn+scu + c+ *c b cc"s 0hs )b *s/s cu *h3sunch% <nsb3sndu"sc b dchunh cu cc"s 0hs ns0c*s . '5. D!!*ndc4tc 4spstsch03s rcputhsh. C u.u2*uc ul 2hs0cs. Cbs + scu0)% 2ssndc+ nh4 c dsn c0sncn3c% ch*c s<n lh 2cl dc *h*c )c c< dc cb0unc s<n 0cdsbc*s +3slc. B dh + dbb<nds +% c lcsnc dc )+s *h . Bblsg+ 0ul 4s *chls.ch.+ 4s 0hs 0ul . P*sn subls0s h ch b*sgsnss 4s"h s2c*cs shlc c un sbs dc 0hscs h c c<nd dc/snc /cnc*h3sc: b u4s% nu0hs *c)u h3sh subs hn3shl+ c 0c*cu /hlb*bhs+. '8. *ncskrch03s !snh%. Phssunslc s<n )b* s3clc cugc ulus. Cch 0hs )*hc sc+ 4 ssn3+ cbns + <n dsss0ulh*c: csnc Dbhc+ dcscb)c*s *ssc+ s+ )sh*d+. Rc.c*/h )*cchu ulus lu) c cu h cn3sh cu*sbsulus? lsnc4slb* cu/<n ulus. sc)sslc l+un *ulus. Gus ul nu"3s 2sc cunbscu % )cn *u h nu"3s 2s )*c/cns % dc unss ch s+"& cbn *h.sc+% dc hl3ss ch s+"& 0+gulchsc+. ''. Rchlsthtc 4s hphrcn%. Luc*u*slc nu *cc d*c) ccch cc s<n % cs d*c) ccch cc )h*: s<n *h*s ccs cc )*s/csc )c dsn+un *u 4s 0ul3s ccs cc sc 0ul3u0csc cu h)h*cn3h. Nu c dc"hDuns s+ hs d*c) h c cu chs) dc *ch"c*cdsn3+.
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b dchunh h*hnh )*udcn3cs% dcs2+ h*ch sn cg*s +3ss. &9&. 8u"thtc dc lu"c s*dc dc cchlhlt 7u"thtc, *n pr!stsh tutur!rh%. Shu b ul c bun% shu b ul c *+u% du)+ )+*c*s: unul gbnc4 c du)+ ccch cc hl ul )*sgbnc4 c. P*bs snsu)b* hbsl ccl cc /*ch s+ b*dbnc.c b*scc bbscc du)+ )*b)*su"s cbncc) . Dcs+/<*4s*slc nu dc)snd dc un ssngu* )lhc? h < ch gus u*s c< c chs)u*s% 4s lh 2cl dc /h*sh c. Nu"s dc2cc 2+*+ h2cc % nscs nu *cbusc s+ c dcscu0)+nc4 s dsn )*scsn+ c+ un hnu0s luc*u nu lc )lhcc unb*h% c+cs nu /b* ls)ss hl3ss ch*c s+"& )*c3ushsc+: dh* nscs h)lhu.clc hccs b*h s+ nu"3s 2sc )*slcD dc <n2u0u*h*c% )cn *u c+ hl3ss <l /b* cbndh0nh. Rcgulh hdc/+*h cs 0ul3u0s*s c h)*bbh*ch b+*bh3slb* *c)u h3s 4s ch*c"4s )b dh )+*c*ch <n hcch b*dsnc dc luc*u*s. Nu *+s0 du)+ b ssngu*+ )+*c*c7% nscs du)+ un ssngu* bbsccs% nscs <n *"un ssngu* /chc. &97. St!"hc pcntru "hrs du"schs hs s!hrtcs%. <n *u)ul )*udcn3cs% b )s)b + nu c )h* ch cch 0hs nc<nsc0nh +% dcbh*ccc b 0h*c ch)hcs h c c hlc+ us + dsn )+*3s 0h*s. Bunclc nb*bhcc nu"& <0)b/+*ch.+ )c csnc 0c*s + hl clc 0hs 0h*s? ccch cc )cn *u unss c sndsgcs sc )cn *u hl3ss c <n2b0c h*c. Mul3s s<n ccs c+*b*h b*scc 2cl dc 0<nch*c 2bh* c hlcs lc chdc g*cu dsn chu.h )u3sn+ +3ss 2s*ss lb*% ncc*cscu + 4s ncn+scu + )cn *u sluDbc h < dc subls0c: *clh3sslc cu lu0ch ls sc h0+*1sc% sh* dsn )*scsnh 2u0u*slb* cc sc *sdsc+ dsn *c)u h3sh lb* chl)+% hDung s+"4s )sh*d+ ch)ul7: s<n <n 0h*c )*s0cDdsc <n lbcu*slc <nhl c% 4s nu"s <nch)c )sclch% )cn *u c+ nu <nch)c"n

75B
&9B. Nu ks !!!sst!r%. B0ul cu un ssngu* ncgb3 4s b ssngu*+ 0hnsc c dc bbsccs h)+s+ b*. Cbncs.sh c 0+guls bh*c 4s 0hs *cn hbsl+? c<4 sg+ )*sn cu* cnsc b cc )sc*dc )*sn scu* s0c. Cc"s bun% dc"s scu* % dc dbu+ b*s bun: 4s chsh* *+ul% dhc+"s )u3sn% nu"s h < dc *+u. Mhs c2schcc s<n chsn cscn3clc dcc< )cl clclc. s c un hdc/+* 4 su c+ b0ul lung *h* c )*scc)u 7% nu h < <n lh u*h 0h c*shl+ h s h u*ss% c< <n cch s)s*s uhl+ h dsscu*sulus. S<n bh0cns cc"s 0hs 0ul )b/h*+ dcc< )bdbhb+ uns/c*sulus% sculc hbhndbnh c% )c ch*c b3s lc bcblcsc. Dsscc*n+ b*ul s+ c/s c h dc*hnDh% 4s cu h < 0hs )u3sn )c 0h*slc )c*sbnhDc% ch*c *+scsc ncs)us dc bcu)h c% 4s"h* 2s 0hs *+u s+"& ulbu*s )c unul dsn *c clc dcc< b *cs ul lu0ss. Cc"s bsnc s)us sc s)unc su c. &9A. Nu khcc phrhd dc n!r!c%. Mhs 0ul b2cnsc.s l+ud<ndu" c cu *hngul dcc< cu )c*sbhnh. H"3s dh hc*c cs c bdsbs? <3s c*h dcs ul s+ 2ss )s.0us . Cbnssdc*h3sh b dbb<ndc4 s cu h < 0hs )u3sn cu c< b chu3s 0hs 0ul : ch dc)sndc dc *cs)cc ul cclb*lhl3s 4s% ch h h*c% nu b )b3s luh% cs s"b 0c*s3s )c"h cclb*lhl3s 4s s"b h4 c)3s. SluDbclc
<nhl c cc* g*h/s h c )b *s/s + cCc*cs +*ss lb*% 2+*+ dc ch*c nu sc )b )*hc sch <n 0bd dc0n. P+s *ch."b )c cch cu/cns + ch s+ c hchs3s <n cscn3+ dc bblsgh3sslc lb*: n"b c)us.h% hDu "b: 4s b3s ccs cc 2hc )c hc s/ss 7 <n sluDb+ h*h + c+ n"b 0c*s hu 4s c+ *hngul lc c su)c*sb*. Dhc+ c s+ c h2s*0s% 2+"b 0hs dcg*hb+ )*sn c0sncn3h <n.cs *+*slb* hlc dcc< )*sn cc/h cC c*sb* 3sc% c+cs 4s un *cgc *cbusc /cnc*h 0hs 0ul )cn *u )c*sbhnh dcc< )cn *u su/c*hns h ch lus cC *snscc+. &95. Nu hrth "ulu"src dc ssnc%. Nscs nc0ul3u0s nu *+s% c+cs c 0scs0c% nscs sh ss2+cu % c+cs c )*bs sc. Lh 0hs b3s 0ul3u0s*ch
&98 Scurttur...6 C2. Crst, SSS% 8 4s &&. &987 s tc hc!"!dc0s6 Sub<n3clcs% cu cclclhl c )c*sbhnc. C2. Br., B8. &986 h"scsl!r 4s "hs "scsl!r6 Cchs/hl+0 Dbcul dc cu/sn c >2h0slsh*cs"">2h"0ulh*cs". &9' Nu G sncrs"snht!r6 C2. C*s % SS% &&. &9'7 dsn ht!"s khc !*"c6 C2. Mht, %, 6. >Gusd hu c0 /sdcs 2cs uch0 sn bculb 2*h *ss? c *hbc0 sn bculb ub nbn /sdcsO" ;>Dc cc /c.s )hsul dsn bchsul 2*h clus +u 4s b<0h dsn bchsul +u nu b scs <n sch0+O"E. Rb0c*h Nh/h**b ;BM% ). 7&B% nb h 6E 2hcc <n hccs scns b bbsc*/h3sc sngcnsbhs+? )*sn s). s#h sc <n3clcgc h < >b<*n+" <n gcnc*c c< 4s >g*sndh" shu >)un ch" chsculus $s#h dcl lh#r), cbn2b*0 uncs /c*ssuns s)hnsblc h cunbscu ulus )*b/c*b? >#c0bs lh )hDh cn cl bDb hDcnb% / nb lh /sgh dcl lhg+* cn cl nucs *b" ;Sbh*bsE% d*c) ch*c G*hcs+n h* u sls.h sn cn3sbnh /b. shch*% h scbh c ;>)h*h shch* lb* bDbs"E% )cn *u c+ un dclc0nul 4s /snul bc0hs cu hDu b*ul g*sn.ss sc scb shu sc cC *hg. 27$ BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS

75' SC...s!hrc *n hsksnst6 C2. Dssc, SS) Br., 78. &&97 ...pcntru prcusrc6 H0 3snu % ch )cs c b <n ch.u*slc hsc0+n+ bh*c% s+ )+s *+0 cbncs.sh cbns *uc3scs 0c bns0scc dsn b*sgsnhl% ch*hc c*ss sc+ dc hl 2cl lus G*hcs1n% 4s hl c+*cs <n3clcs cs c c+ >/cs 2s us h <nc+ dsn s0)ul /sc3ss 4s dc ccs cc c"h* )u ch *cg*c h% 4s dc ccs cc c*hu )lsns dc )*c3us*c )cn *u snc". & SB6 chlul... *n t!sul hlcr#rss6 #c.s <ndc0nul lus Hb*h3su $Cpsst!lc, S% &% 8='E? >Sbl/c scncsccn c0 0h u*c shnus cFuu0% nc )cccc hd cC *c0u0 *sdcndus% c slsh duch " ;>Hs <0)+*+" c? dcshh0+"3s chlul <0b+ *<ns ch s+ nu sc )b scnchsc+ bc0hs lh u*0+ <n *<sul 0ul3s0ss"% *hd. C. Lb/sncscuE. 111 Ss hs prsctcns6 C2. Br., &&6%&BA: Crst., S% 8: SS9 6. &&7& ...ps!hsh su!src6 T*hducc0 cC uhl s). psh h*scs!n, subs*c s)s*s uhl+% cbncc) cc hcb)c*+% c*cdc0% s2c*h g*. h#hpc, <n b)b.s3sc cu cr!s. S)*c s2<*4s ul h2b*ss0ulus h)h*c dc hl 2cl 4s chls2sch*ch hccs cs subs*s su)c*sbh*c d*c) >s)s*s uhl+" ;s). k!r"hl). Dc *c0h*ch c*0snblbgsh dc cC *hc3sc scblhs sc+ 4s cblbgsc+.
&&B. Dcprsndc3tc cu chrhctcrclc rclc hlc ccl!r dsn hnturh7ul tu? lh 2cl% cu chs)u*slc u*< c: hs h"3s c dc"hDu b*h*c c<nd lh 0sDlbc c"h <*nh*c. S<n 2s*s s+lbh scc% dc nu )b3s *+s nscs cu clc% nscs 2+*+ clc. C% h4hdh*% b sscussn3+ s+ c bbs4nusc4 s *c) h % ch 4s cu u*<3cnsh% )cn *u h nu c luh )*sn su*)*sndc*c <n g*b.+/sh <0)*cDu*+*ss. P*s0h bh*+ <ns)+s0<n +% dh* <ncc ul cu <ncc ul <3s 0hs )sc*.s dsn )*s0h b*bh*c 2h3+ dc clc% sh* )*cchu3sh )*c/snc su)+*+*slc shu lc su)b* +7. &&A. Trhtch0 t!tdchunh cu !h"cns dc chlsthtc. Pb3s s+ c bblsgs 2h3+ dc cs 4s s+"s bblsgs. <ns+4s chls h ch lc c ccl 0hs bun .+lbg hl )u* +*ss% chsh* <n *"un cbn2lsc % )cn *u c+ hc3sbnch.+ h4h cu0 s<n : 4s c )*c2c*hbsl s+ lu)3s cu bh0cns dc bsnc dcc< s+ *su02s hsu)*h unb* bh0cns dc *+u&. Cu sc+lb4sh nu cCss + bunc *clh3ss% )cn *u c+ nu sc sbcb c4 c dh bh*c sn cg*s +3ss: dc hccch% <n *c sc+lb4s nu cCss + nscsbdh + )*sc cnsc hdc/+*h + 7 4s nscs h2cc3sunch lb* nu c dc sbs bun% 2ssndc+ nu sc <n c0csh.+ )c bnbh*c. Lch)+d+" c b dchunh dc b0ul 2+*+ ch% c+cs csnc n"b )*c3usc4 c nu )*c3usc4 c /s* u ch. Sh* bnbh*ch c *bnul sn cg*s +3ss. &&5. Nu !r!s nscs!dht dcsprc tsnc%. B*s hs s+ c lhu.s% 4s c <n2u0u*h*c% b*s hs s+ c blh0c.s% 4s c lh4s h c% 4s% ch 0snus dc cu0sn3cnsc <n ccl cc /b*bc4 c% c chsn )cn *u hscul + b*s. Dhc+ *cbusc s+ c/s3s h4h cc/h <n sn s0s h c% 0ul 0hs 0ul <n )bs u*s subls0c% undc /b*bc4 s <n )ublsc 4s undc *ccc nu0hsdcc< d*c) )*bs sc b*scc h)h*cn3+ h cs. Hcclh4s nchDuns dc cu0sn3cnsc <l db/cdc4 s 4s /b*bsnd dcs)*c ccs dc 2h3+% dsn chu.h )*s0cDdscs dc h c s.bs dc unh dsn hccs c dbu+ s <ncs? h lsngu4s*ss shu h bc+*<*ss. &&8. C*4ts#3s rcnu"c dc curtcnst!r%6 c+cs c dc hDuns s)*c h c 2hcc h)lhudhbsl. Cu* cnsh c )*sncs)hlh )h* c h cul u*ss% un sbs dc
&&B Dcprsndc3tc...6 C2. Br., (B%(5% 89%&&B%7'(. &&B7 ...sc sup!rt6 C2. B/sdsu% H*s h"ht!rsh, SS% A(5"A(8? >Gubd 0hlc 2c*s% hdsucscc: 2c*cs bcnc: 0ul h /c us hs lcns " ;>dc"hccch s+ chu3s H c dc)*sndc s+"ndu*s: s0)ul c nc c.s b*"% *hd. dc Mh*sh"#hlc*sh Pc *cscuE. &&A& !h"cns dc ru6 P*clu+0 ssn hg0h dsn b*sgsnhl% >gcn c dc 0hl"% )c ch*c Rb0c*h Nh/h**b% ncg+ssndu"s nscs b hl + h cs h*c% b cbnssdc*+ d*c) c*ch3sc h lus G*hcs1n% du)+ 0bdclul ssn hg0cs #cntc dc !scn. &&A7 prsctcnsc hdc rht6 C2. Cscc*b% Lhclsus, &8% AB? >H0scs3sh nsss sn c* bbnbs cssc nbn )bssc" ;>Nu )bh c cCss h )*sc cnsc dcc< <n *c ccs buns"E. &&5 Nu !r!s...6 C2. Cr., @#SS: Crst., SSS% 5 ;lh <ncc)u E. Unul dsn Dsstschh Cht!nss ;7%&A%&E <ncc)c hs 2cl? >Nc c cbnlhudcs% ncc c cul)h/c*ss s)sc".
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*cbusc u*0h c< 3snc 4s *sdsch lh c0sncn3+: cu0sn clc bbs4"nushsc+"sc cu )*c.cn ul% chsh* dhc+ 0hs bun s sc )h*c *ccu ul% h < <n )bdbhbclc su2lc ulus% c< 4s"n cclc hlc *u)ulus. Nu0hs <n s2c*h bsnclus nu c /hlhbsl+ hcchs + *cgul+ dc /sh3+% )cn *u c+ /s* u ch *cbusc )*hc sch + b dchunh. H s)unc hdc/+*ul% h c 3snc dc cu/<n hu 4s hDuns cc/h nccunbscu 4s )h* dsn hl c /*c0u*s% sh* b+*bh3ss buns )h* 2+cu3s du)+ /*c0u*slc bunc(% dc4s 0c*cu subs3s: h4h <nc< % dhc+ 0hs s<n c<3s/h% nu s<n lh 0bd+ 4s nscs s0s h3s. B% 0h*c ncnb*bcs*c h /chculus nbs *u% ch /s* u ch s+ )h*+ csudh + 4s *+u h ch bbs4nus +Q Dsscc*n+ b*ul *+shsc+ dccs cu0 )bh c% dhc+ nu cu0 h* /*ch. S+ sh d*c) 0hs bun cc s"h h+*+.s % nu cc s"h *c2u.h sbh* h. &7&. Nu khcc ch0 dsn n!n3ch0%. H4h cu0 unss dsn bh c 2hc hh.% h4h 2hc hl3ss ch. dsn bh c? /b*bcsc b dchunh cu s0)b* hn3+% shu bh c dc bunc% 2+c<nd bbscc dc dss)u + 4s 0ss c* dsn b*scc. Pu3snc luc*u*s su)+*+ bh*c *cbusc luh c <n sc*sbs% c+cs h* 2s b <n/c*4unh*c ncsc*sbhs+: h* <nsc0nh s+ )*bccdc.s )c dbs dhc+ hs )unc lh sns0+ cclc c+*b*h *cbusc s+ lc"n b*cs s)h clc. Mul c luc*u*s ch*c c*hu cc/h% b dh + )+*+ss c n"hu 0hs 2bs ns0sc: sh* hl clc% ch*c nu c*hu ns0sc% hu <nsc0nh 0ul )cn *u c+ s"h 2+cu ch. dc clc. Lh"ncc)u c u4b* s+ cu*0s b*scc% dh* 0hs <*.su% nu. Dcscb*s% <nsu4s lchcul 2hcc bbhlh. s nscs nu"s cch 0hs )*bhs + *cgul+ dc /sh3+ s+ lh4s b ul <n )hcc. &77. Hut!rsthtc *n !r! 4s3n khpt%. <4s 2hcc 0ul lbc )cs c b 4s"4s c<4 sg+ hn scs)h *cs)cc ul. Sn*<u*c4 c b ul% cbn/c*sh3sh% )*c"dsch*ch% )<n+ 4s u0blc ul 4s chsh* )*s/s*ch 4s /bsn3h7. C 0h*c /sc b*sc s+ ch) s/c.s sns0slc. Nu nh4 c dsn cu c.hn3+ )*bs chsc+% nscs dsn +*+g+nchlh )lsc sss bh*c% cs <n *"b dc0n+ )*cs hn3+ n+scu + dsn 2s*ch su)c*sbh*+ 4s hDu h + dc 0c*s c.

2$3
&76. B" nchkcctht%. Lh )lus dc <n.cs *+*s% 0snus dc h2cc h*c% c+cs bbs4nusc4 c h 2s s sg0h ul /ulgh* hl u u*b*h. C b h < dc su)+*+ bh*c7 )cn *u ccslhl3s )c c< dc h)+s+ bh*c )cn *u ccl cc"b <n *c3snc% dcbh*ccc *+sc4 c ch 0uccnsc hl g*sDss 4s sc b* u*ch.+ cu *sgu*b.s h ch. Cu ch% <nsc4s c0sncn3clc <4s )sc*d 0c*s ul% dcbh*ccc s<n Dudcch c ch n+scu c 0hs dcg*hb+ dsn sslnscsh h* s2scsbhs+ dcc< dsn nh u*h lsbc*+% sh* b cc c nh u*hl h 2bs b dchunh 0hs )l+cu dcc< h* s2scshlul6. H2cc h3ss s<n sbcb s3s d*c) s *+sns dc bbscc ul h2cc +*ss lb*(. Cu c< 2hcs 0hs bsnc cc/h% *cbusc s+ hscun.s 0hs 0ul c2b* ul% ch s+ sc /hd+ c+ dcs+/<*4s*ch )bgbh*+ dc lh ssnc. Dh* nscs% ch s+ c/s3s h2cc h*ch% nu c+dch <n ch% bs cn <nd nch2cc h*ch. Dsscc*n+ b*ul s+ nu sc h*h c nscsbdh +
cbn4 scn dc 0c*s clc shlc% dcbh*ccc <ns+4s nc)+sh*ch *c.c4 c <n ccslhl3s h cn3sh. C dc dbu+ b*s c0sncn ccl cc <nchsdc bh c )c*2cc3sunslc <n ssnc. 4s nscs unh <n )*c3us*ch lb*% 4s hDungc )c un d*u0 b)us lh 3sn h h)lhudhbsls +3ss. &7(. S h7un#s h ks d!rst%. Pu3sns hu hDuns lh b hsc0nch ss0)h sc h bh0cnslb*% sh* dhc+ h cu0sn3slb*7% 2c*scs*c. C bbs4nus + *+cchlh 2h3+ dc ccs h2lh3s lh s2<*4s . S<n 0sDlbhcc )cn *u h 0c*s h hccs )*c0su dc h2cc3sunc? c0sncn3h <n sluDb+ 4s"n <n.cs *+*s c ssgu*+: h0hbsls h ch% c2schcc. Sc 2hcc dc)cndcn3h dsn c0sncn3+% hs 2cl <nc< s+ sc bbsc*/c c+ *hngul h h/u nc/bsc dc snc% nu u dc *hng? unss bnb*ch.+ )bs u*slc% )c hl3ss <s bnb*ch.+ clc. Nu c h/hn hD s+ c 2hc+ bun *+ul cc"3s u*0ch.+% c+cs hs h nu <nsch0n+ c+ c4 s hbsblu db*s % cs c+ c ccl+lhl dc cs h .
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cu)*sns dc )h s0+% c+cs hs 2cl <ncc)s )*sn h db0snh h2cc ul% sbnd<nd )<n+ lh cc )unc % 4s nu 0hs 0ul % c ncccsh* s+ 0ch*g+ su)+*h*ch: cu hsc0cnch s *hD+ su)c*sbh*+% )b3s sn *h 4s sc4s dsn *"b 0<nsc. <n/h3+ s+ c b)*c4 s bsnc 4s lh s0)% c+cs luc*ul ccl 0hs ds2scsl <n 2ug+ c b)*s*ch. Mh*c db/hd+ dc Dudcch +% s+ *+0<s cu0sn c <n hcccsc dc ncbunsc. B*scc cCccs dc )hssunc hbdsc+ dc lh *h3sbnhls h c% dh*% cu hcchs + h cn3sc 0hgss *hl+% nu /cs c+lch nscsbdh + *h3sunch <n )scsbh*c 4s nu /cs *ccc dc ls0s clc bunu"lus"ss03. Ch s+"n/c3s h <n2*<nh b )hssunc% *cbusc s+ 3ss 0c*cu h+3u*slc h cn3scs% 4s /cs 2s hs 2cl ccl dsn <s <n3clc) c+lh*c 7% 4s )bh c chsh* ccl dsn u*0+. &BA. Prsctcns sclccs!nhs%6 c+cs *cbusc s+ 2sc% cu cCh0cnul dsscc*nc*ss 4s cu <ncc*ch*ch sbh* cs% )*b0b/h3s nu nu0hs dc /bsn3+% cs 4s dc sn clcc . s cu bh c c+"s ccl 0hs s0)b* hn succcs hl /sc3ss% c ccl 0hs )u3sn hsss h dc g*sD+? lh unss luc*ch.+ nc)b2 s*ch% sh* lh ccs 0hs 0ul3s% <n <0)lh*ch. C4 s Dudcch du)+ )*sc cnss )c ch*c"s hs. c+cs <n/+3h ul nu h cbncb*dh nscsbdh + cu sgnb*hn3s: dh* 2h) ul c+ csnc/h <3s )lhcc nu"s h*gu0cn )cn *u sn s0s h c% dcbh*ccc )bh c /cns 0hs dcg*hb+ dsn bunh dss)b.s3sc )*bdus+ dc hh.ul s+u dcc< dsn <nc*cdc*ch <n ch)hcs h ch sh. S<n )*sc cnss lcgs s0c 4s hl clc hdul c*snc? hccs ch )cn *u dclcc h*c% hcclch )cn *u 2ccunds h ch *cu4s clb*. Sc h2l+ )u3sns hs )c*sbhncs 4s 0ul3s hs s +*ss. Mhs dc 2blbs c bunh <n3clcgc*c h unus )*sc cn dcc< bh c bun+/bsn3clc hl b*h? 2sc% dh*% sclcc3sc% nu sb*3s. Un 4 su b* 4 sc s+ c/s c ncch.u*slc% )c c<nd )*bs ul )*sc cn lc c+4unch.+. s nu lc db*s 0ul nb*bc% dhc+ nu /*cs s+"s )sc*.s. &B5. Nu tc h"#s hsuprh pcrs!hncl!r%? c+cs c cch 0hs *ch 4s 0hs u4bh*+ h0+gs*c. Mhs bsnc"s s+ 2ss <n4clh lh )*c3 dcc< lh 0h*2+7. s
ns0sc nu cc*c 0hs 0ul h 2s )*s/s )c dsn+un *u. C b dcbscbs*c <n *c h <n3clcgc luc*u*slc 4s h cunbh4 c )c*sbhnclc% 4s c 0h*c 2slb.b2sc h )+ *undc 2s*slc 4s"h dcslu4s c0)c*h0cn clc bh0cnslb*. C lh 2cl dc ncccsh* s+ s udsc.s bh0cnss ch 4s c+*3slc. &B8. *n h s tc k!l!sc4ts dc prsctcns%. Hcchs h"4s h*c )*b)*sh h* + h dsscc*nc*ss? unss s<n buns dc lh dss hn3+% hl3ss dsn h)*b)sc*c% 4s ccl cc nu c )bh c bun )cn *u cbn/c*sh3sc c bun )cn *u cb*cs)bndcn3+. Dc)+* h*ch )u*s2sc+ unclc dc2cc c% )c ch*c )*c.cn3h lc 2+cch sn blc*hbslc. Chu + lh cs nu nu0hs )l+cc*ch% cs 4s 2blbsul% c+cs *cbusc s+ hsb+ cclc *cs chls +3s hlc bsnclus shu% du)+ hl3ss% hlc 2ssn3cs? unul% bun 4s hdc/+*h 7% dcbh*ccc )*sc cnul c bh c hccs ch. Pu3sns )b 2s buns% sh* nc)*scc)c*ch dc h"s hlcgc <s 2hcc 4s 0hs )u3sns. H 4 s s+ 3s"s )+s *c.s c 0hs 0ul dcc< h 3s"s 2hcc )*sc cns. Chu +"s hs 2cl% <nc< s+ )bh + du*h% 4s chsh* dhc+ lh <ncc)u s<n nbs% hDung+"3s )cn *u 0ul3u0s*c c+ sc /b* )u ch <n/cchs. Nch)+*h % ccs 0hs buns s<n ccs 2bh* c s+*h3s% chsh* dc"hs 2blbss b bu c <n <ncc*ch*c6. Nu c dc4c* ch /sh3h 2+*+ )*sc cns? )*sc cnsh <n0ul3c4 c cclc bunc 4s <0)h* c *clclc: c lchc unsc <0)b *s/h sb*3ss hd/c*sc 4s u4u*h*c h su2lc ulus. &B'. *n h s3s sup!rs pc pr!4ts%. <n3clc)3ss hu 2bs 0c*cu )u3sn *+bd+ b*s% 2ssndc+ csnc hdhug+ 4 ssn3+ hdhug+ nc*+bdh*c7? 0ul h cunbh4 c*c c g*cu dc 0ul3u0s . Rcgulh cch 0hs 0h*c h /sc3ss% du)+ C)sc c % cs c *+bdh*ch% 4s lh ch h *cdus b Du0+ h c dsn
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&AA6 ... !r!c6 C2. .schlh )b)ulh*+ >Cbn lhs bucnhs )hlhb*hs nhdsc cb0c" ;Rbd*<guc. Mh*sn% >Cu /b*bc bunc ns0cns nu sc h*+nc4 c"E. &A5 *n h s tc h7us6 C2. Cr., P#: Dssc, SSS. &A57 ...sns" d*r06 K*h.+ h *sbus + lus Ch*bl C0hnucl S% ducc dc Sh/bsh% <n G. Bb c*b% Dctts "c"!rh!sls, 2bl. 6'*. #c.s 4s Cr., S#% nb h 69. &A56 chshr 4s stclclc6 Cbn2b*0 )*b/c*bulus >Sh)scns db0snhbs u* hs *ss"% h *sbus lus P blb0cu dc c+ *c Lsccn3sh ul #shnh% <n Lhs trhnsk!r"hcs!ncs dc B sds!, #hllhdblsd% &B8'% 2bl. 76A/.% /c.s RN"BM% ). 66&% nb h &&. &A8" ...0bns *u hl pr!stscs6 C2. Dssc., S@% @#S: Br., &(6. &A87 ...dcc*t cch h trupulus6 C2. Cscc*b% Tusculhnhc dssputhts!ncs, SSS% 6? >Bblslc su2lc ulus s<n 0hs d+un+ bh*c 4s 0hs 0ul c dcc< cclc hlc *u)ulus". &A's Htcnsc... s nu dhs #rc4...6 C2. Dssc, @@: Br., &8B: Crst., SS% &&. Hdh) h*c h unus /cchs )*b/c*b culcs dc Cb**chs? >Hh.0c cscn b% ! !+**h0c unh% ! sc hchbb u bucnh 2b* unh" ;>Ns0c*c4 c"0s dc"b su + dc b*s 4s g*c4c4 c"0s b dh +% c+ nb*bcul 3s sc gh h"E. 302 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS
&59& 1!l!sc4tc rc0cr clc...6 C2. Cr., S: Br., B8. &597 "hs "ult c 7u"thtch dcc*t *ntrc#ul6 Hlu.sc lh )h*hdbCul lus Hcssbd% /c.s Cr., S% nb h '. Schb)cnhhuc* h bbsc*/h )*s0ul c+ )h*hdbCul nu"s h)h*3snc lus Ps " hcbs dsn Ms slcnc. &5& Hu sr!ss kh !hrch6 C2. Crst., SS% A. S#S7 hnc!rh shcr6 <n b*sgsnhl% >shg*hdh hncb*h"% c*h hncb*h cch 0hs 0h*c. )+s *h + ch ul s0 0sDlbc dc shl/h*c <n ch. dc 2u* un+. H. dcl Hb!b c*cdc c+ h* )u ch 2s /b*bh 4s dc un Dbc dc sdcs <n *c c*0cnul nhu sc 4s s0hgsnch Kccsbh*cs ch hncb*+ h shl/+*ss. C2. 4s Hlcsh s% C"!lc"h &(6% ch*c 2hcc hlu.sc lh )*b/c*bul lh sncsc >hnchb*h0 shc*h0 sbl/c*c"% cs h dc cb0cn h b*ss lus Hlcsh s. &57& Nu tc punc...6 C2. Br., &&A: Crst., SU% (. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNTCS 303
0ul dc )sc*du <l 2hcc *c3snu : lu<nd sch0h lh bnbh*c% sh 4s lh b)usul cs 4s% hnghD<ndu"sc h cn % )*bccdch.+ h < dc lcn % <nc< <s lhs+ )*udcn3cs s0) s+ sc *c *hg+ lh s0) 4s s+ )un+ lh hd+)bs bnbh*ch. Nscs cu bs*usn3h nu /cs *cc<4 sgh ccch cc hs )sc*du dbh* cC)un<ndu" c s+ )sc*.s. &56. Nu k* dc stscl *n rclhss%. s cu h < 0hs )u3sn <n )*sc cnsc. Unss sc s)h*g cu 0h*c u4u*sn3+% dc./+lusndu" 4s )u3snh cbnsss cn3+: sc hcb)c*+ )c cs <n4s4s dc b2cns+% )c ccslhl3s dc su)+*h*c. H*h + c+ hu b 2s*c 0hs cb)sl+*bhs+ dcc< )u)slclc bchslb*% dc /*c0c cc nu"ng+dusc s+ 2sc h sns+ nscs <n glu0+% nscs <n hdc/+*: b Dsgnc4 c 4s"unnb*% nscs nu"s nc/bsc dc nb*bs7. Ccs ch*c"s 2*cc/cn ch.+ *cbusc s+ sc )bh* c cu 0ul hc % 0cnhD<ndu"lc 0c*cu suscc) sbsls +3slc: ls sc dhu du)+ )+*% 4 ssnd c+ 4s ccl 0hs 0sc *+s)+* 6 lc dss)lhcc. Hcc4 sh s<n dc bbsccs 2bh* c )lsns dc ssnc% *bbs hs )lhculus lb*% dc d*hgul c+*ush h* *ccc )cs c b*scc% sdblh *s hs )*b)*scs 3<2nc. Ks*ch unus h0hn h*c Du0+ h c dsn dsh0hn ( <n du*h*c 4s"n <ndu*h*c. &5(. Nu trs #r!st%. H 4 s s+ *c)h* s.c.s luc*u*slc <nsch0n+ h 4 s s+ lc sh/u*c.s. Mul b*h lc )*ssbsc4 c /sh3h 4s ls sc ss)*+/c4 c nb*bcul: *h ch.+ bucu*sslc% c+cs nu lc sh/u*ch.+% 4s"h* /*ch h)bs s+ sc <n bh*c+ du)+ cc sc )b0cncsc h < dc dc)h* c: su*ugss hs /sc3ss% ch*c gbhncs bb4 c4 s h s0)ulus <s hdhug+ 4s )*ccs)s h*ch 2s*ss lb*: h* /*ch s+ dc/b*c.c <n *"b .s ccch cc hbsh /b* )u ch 0ss us bh + /sh3h: *+scsc )*s)s3s <n 2c*scs*s% <4s 0+n<nc+ hnss cc /sn 4s% u0bs<nd cu h < h g*+bs*c% ss)*+/csc *c)cdc b ul. Chsh* 4s <n /*c*ch dc h 4 s ch + s+ 2sc b 0+su*+%
ch s+ nu 4 ss luc*u*slc *+u 4 su c. Mhs 0ul c .slc"s dcc< bsnc7. Lh dcs2+ h*c% <ncc : lh 2h) +% su c. Ss)*+/slb* lc s + bsnc s+/<*4s c: 0ul3u0s*slb*% *+u% ss)*+/s c.
&56& Hu h dc stscl *n rclhss6 C2. Dssc, @SS. >Dc s scl+"% h4h cu0 c*cdch c+ cs c lsccn3sh ul RbdhDh% c*bul nu/clcs cc*/hn snc Cl lsccncshd! Dsdrscrh ;Lsccn3sh ul S s"clbhn3+E% hl c+*us nu0c h c+)+ h cs*culh3sc )h*c0sblbgsc+? ;Scr cl lsccncshd! Dsdrscrh. H)lschsc h hFucllh )c*sbnh... h Fuscn bdb b2cndc ! 0blcs h" = Sbh*bs. &567 n!r... n!r!s6 Cchs/hl+0 Dbcul dc cu/sn c dsn b*sgsnhl? >0b hs" >nb hs". &566 pr... rspr6 Cchs/hl+0 Dbcul dc cu/sn c dsn b*sgsnhl? >gu1*dhnlcs l!s hsrcs )b*Fuc cl 0hs lc/c dcshsrc Scs dcsh.bnh". &56( h"hnt... dsh"hnt6 P*clu+0 Dbcul dc cu/sn c h"hntc = dsh"hntc, cs s ds3h"hntc. S). h"hntc <nsch0n+ >ccl cc subc4 c cc/h"% nu nu0hs <n scns c*b sc. &5( Nu trs #r!st6 C2. Br., &59: Crst., SS% (% 5: SSS% J% '. &5(7 0slc... !snc6 Cchs/hl+0 hs 2cl )c*cchch hsbnhn3h + dsn b*sgsnhl? >Sbn 0hs lbs dshs Fuc lhs dschh C /b*bh dc hdh) h*ch unus )*b/c*b cbnsc0nh <nc+ dc Cb/h**ubshs? >Mhs dshs hh! Fuc lbnghns.hs" ;>S<n 0hs 0ul c .slc dcc< c<0h3s"E. 304 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 69B
)*bs sc% sc bb*+.nscc4 c 4s% nc*ccunbsc<nd hh <*ul cc s sc 2hcc% <4s <nchs)usc c+ h4h sc chdc. Kh0slsh*ss0ul c l+s h* dc /ulgh*s h c. &58. Crcdc *n sns". s 0hs hlcs dhc+ c dc n+dcDdc. Nu b cbn *h.scc nscsbdh +% c+cs bbs4nusc4 c h 2s )*bnbs sc h b cc c 0hs <nsc0nh ? b*hcbl dc chs+. Mul3s hu )sc*s dc cc lc c*h 2*sc+% dh* cc 2blbs s+"3s 2sc 2*sc+ 2+*+ h c+u h <nd*c) h*chO Unss% )*s/slcgsu hl nh u*ss lb* su)c*sbh*c% hu b sns0+ ncs)us dc lchl+% ch*c"s )*c/snc b dchunh 4s d+ hlh*0h )cn *u h g+ss *c0cdsul. Nu"s cu0sn c s+ sc4s <n d*u0ul *clclb*% ch s+ lc"n <0)sns% cs dbh* s+ lc s hs <n d*u0. ch s+ lc bs*us. &5'. Dsscrcsh c pccctch chphcstss%. Psc) ul 2+*+ scc*c c sc*ssbh*c dcschss+. Undc cs c hd<ncs0c s<n scc*c clc hd<ncs% c+cs s<n 0h*s s)h3ss 4s s<nu*s undc sc h2und+ luc*u*slc dc )*c3. P*b/snc dsn *"b 0h*c s +)<ns*c dc ssnc% 4s h c <n/sngc hscs <nsch0n+ hdc/+*h h *su02h*c. Pl+ c4 s *sbu u u*b* cclb* c+*b*h ls cdcs +snus. S+n+ h ch )*udcn3cs cbns + <n 0bdc*h3sh l+un *sc+. Pc*scblclc dssc*c3scs s<n )unc*ch lh <ncc*ch*c dc c+ *c ccslhl3s% cbn *h.scc*ch )cn *u h s0ulgc% h*unch*ch dc s+gc3s7 )cn *u h"S scbh c dsn s+*s c 4s )c h cn ul ccl 0hs .+/b*< . Luc*u*slc )c ch*c *cbusc s+ lc 2hcs nu *cbusc s+ lc s)us% sh* cclc )c ch*c *cbusc s+ lc s)us nu *cbusc s+ lc 2hcs. &89. Nu tc c!nducc nscs!dht dup ccch cc hr trc!us s khc du4"hnul%3 P*bs ul nu /h 2hcc nscsbdh + cc sbcb c4 c cu0sn clc% )cn *u c+ nu )*scc)c cc c )b *s/s . Dhc+ c dsscc*n+ b* 7% nscs h < % dcbh*ccc /h /*ch s+"3s hscund+ sn cn3sh )+ *uns+ 4s chsh* hn scs)h +. Ss uh3sslc *cbusc c<n +*s c )c h0bclc 2c3c 4s *+sucs c )c"b )h* c 4s )c hl h% )*cg+ sndu"lc )cn *u dbu+ h)c6. Judcc+3slc s<n ds/c*sc? luh*ch dccs.scs 2sc h cn + nu h < lh cc /h 2s% c< lh ccch cc )bh c 2s(. &8&. 1r s "sns, nu spunc t!htc hdc rurslc%. Ns0sc nu cc*c 0hs 0ul hc dcc< hdc/+*ul% ch*c c b l+sh*c dc s<ngc dc lh sns0+. Dc b h < h hs nc/bsc )cn *u h 4 s s+"& s)us ch 4s )cn *u h 4 s s+"&
&5' Dsscrcsh...6 C2. Cr., SS: Dssc., SSS) Br., 6% 777. &5'7 hrunchrch dc s#cs6 #c.s Br., 65. &89 ...du4"hnul6 C2. Br., 89% 8(% 756. &897 Dhc c dssccrnt!r6 C /b*bh% dcssgu*% dc >du40hn". &896 d!u hpc6 Hdsc+ dbu+ ds*cc3ss shu )unc c dc /cdc*c.
&89( cc h ks... cc p!htc ks6 Cu hl c cu/sn c% s+ 2sc h cn + h < lh ccch cc c )*bbhbsl% c< 4s lh ccch cc cs c )bssbsl. 181 ...t!htc hdc rurslc6 C2. Crst., SSS9 6. 69A BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNTCS BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 307
*ccs sub +cc*c. Cu b ssngu*+ 0sncsun+ sc )sc*dc b c*cds ul sn cg*s +3ss. H0+gs ul c sbcb s 2+*+ ch)% sh* h0+gs b*ul chl)7% ccch cc c 4s 0hs *+u. Nu bh c hdc/+*u*slc )b 2s s)usc? unclc )cn *u c+ 0+ )*s/csc )c 0snc% hl clc% )c hl ul. &87. Un str!p dc *ndr0nchl kh dc b) c "hrc cu"sncnsc%. T*cbusc s+"3s 0bdc*c.s )+*c*ch dcs)*c ccslhl3s )cn *u h nu"3s 2hcc dcs)*c cs b sdcc h < dc <nhl +% <nc< s+"3s 2sc ch0+ dc cs: s0hgsnh3sh s+ nu su)un+ nscsbdh + sns0h. Unss )h* 0ul )<n+ c<nd hs dc"h 2hcc cu cs% dh* 2*cc/cn h*ch lb* <3s sluDc4 c 0hs 0ul ch dc.h0+gs*c dcc< ch )*c3us*c. Ns0cns nu dc)+4c4 c ls0s clc *cs *<nsc hlc b0ulus? b3s <4s hu dhc Du"ul lb*% unss <n sngcnsb.s h c% hl3ss <n 2s*c. Rhngul d+ hu b*s h c h)h*cn +% *h*cb*s <l <nsb3c4 c cch )c*sbnhl+% c+cs sbh* h bbs4nusc4 c s+ *+.bunc su)c*sb*s h ch d*cg+ b*scs )*sn sn2c*sb*s h ch 0c*s clb*. S0hgsnh3sh b sh 0c*cu <nhsn c 4s .ug*+/c4 c luc*u*slc 0ul 0hs 0h*s dcc< s<n : nu cbncc)c dbh* ccch cc cs c. cs 4s ccch cc"h* )u ch 2s. Ch + s" b cb*cc c.c *h3sunch% h < dc dc.h0+gs + )*sn cC)c*scn3c. Dh* nscs )*bs sh nu *cbusc s+ 2sc <nd*+.nch3+% du)+ cu0 nscs /s* u ch s2sbhs+. s dhc+ <nc*cdc*ch <n ssnc 2h/b*s.ch.+ s+*+csh cu duhul% cu h < 0hs dc 2blbs lc /h 2s /hlb*ss 4s 4 ssn3csQ &86. Nu tc crh"p!nh c-ccss . B*scc )*bs c <nc+)+3<nh 4s b*scc <nc+)+3<nh % )*bs 4s% cu c< <s c 0hs g*c4s + Dudcch h% cu h < 0hs 0h*c cnhcs h ch. Chsh* 4s"n ch.ul uncs c/sdcn3c c bnb*hbsl s+ ccdc.s% dcbh*ccc nu 3s sc sgnb*+ d*c) h ch )c ch*c hs h/u "b 4s 3s sc *ccunbh4 c 2slb s0sh )c ch*c b hs. Mhs 0ul )sc*.s cu <nd+*+ nscs*ch dcc< )b3s c<4 sgh cu bs*us*ch: h4h nu h)c*s hdc/+*ul% cs g*bsbl+nsh. S<n ch)c c dc 2sc*% g*cu dc cbn/sns% cu cC *c0ss0 dc nclccus : c<nd ch)*scsul sc hdun+ cu <nc+)+3<nh*ch% sc <nsb3csc sndssblubsl cu )*bs sh. D<*.cnsh c lh lbcul cs <n /bsn3+% nu <n Dudcch +. S<n <ns+ 4s cCcc)3ss% s)*c"h nu nc l+sh s+ )sc*dc0 4s s+ 2s0 <n/sn4s dc dbu+ b*s? )*s0h dh + <n chsb.us*c% h dbuh <n cCccu h*c. &8(. Nu ks chrtc dc ccrc"!nss6 c+cs )<n+ 4s lh un *cgc h2cc h*ch <n hcchs + )*s/sn3+ h 2bs c<n +*s + ch b csud+3cnsc7. B*scc suscc)"
sbsl c )cnsbsl% 4s s<n nh3ss <n *cgs <0b*bbbds c <n hcchs + sl+bscsunc. S *hsul )*bs scs c cusu dbh* cu hsc0cnch )unc c6% sdblh *c hlc bnbh*cs lb* 4s h*+ <nd dbh* c+ hcchs h sc <n c0csh.+ )c 0hs ns0sc% dc /*c0c cc sc c0 c+ b ul h* )u ch"b Dsgns. Bsnc"s s+ hs g*sD+ dc *cs)cc % dh* nu s+ 2ss <ncbndcsh d*c) 0h*c 0hcs *u hl c schc cs: c 2bh* c hdc/+*h c+ b0ul nccc*c0bnsbs h*c nc/bsc dc /s* u3s cCcclcn c. Nu *cbusc nscs s+ 2hcs )h*hd+ dc cu* cnsc% nscs s+ b dss)*c3usc4 s. Nu h*h + h 2s 0h*c csnc sh sch0h lh )unc s4bh*c. &8B. Nscs!dht nu3s c-punc crcdstul Sh ! ssn#ur *nccrchrc %6 c+cs dhc+ ch nu s.bu c4 c% dhunh c s*c)h*hbsl+. C 2bh* c )bssbsl s+ dhs g*c4 b dh +% 4s 0hs hlcs )*s0h: nu c4 s 0c*cu lh /*c0c cu )slcD% dc undc .schlh h h ch 0s !un. S"b chc.+4ushsc+% h4hdh*% h dbuh )c )*s0h% dc /cs g*c4s: sh* dc /cs *cu4s% )*s0h b /h *+scu0)+*h )c"h dbuh: *cbusc s+ hs b dchunh *ccu*s lh 0hs bsnc 4s h)cl lh 0hs 0ul . Luc*u*slc dc)snd dc cbn sngcn3c% 4s dc 0ul c% 4s hs 2cl nb*bcul sc4s*ss cu bsnc c *h*. &8A. Cun!h4tc dckcctclc%6 b*sc< + hu b*s h c h* h/ch clc. Sn cg*s h ch s+ nu nccunbhsc+ /scsul chsh* dc s"h* <0b*+ch <n b*bch* ? )bh* + uncb*s cb*bhn+ dc hu*% dh* )*sn hcchs h nu"4s )bh c hscundc 2sh*clc7. Nu"4s )sc*dc sclh/sh Dbsnscscs nscs chsh* dc.0sn3s dc *hngul snsulus. #scsslc )b 2s *clsc2h c b*sc< . *clsc2u*s <ns+ nu s<n . Unss /+d c+ c*bul cu h*c6 h h/u cu h*c sc+dc*c% 2+*+ h /cdch <ns+ c+ nu )*sn hs h h 2bs cl c*bu. CCc0)lul su)c*sb* c h < dc clbc/cn % <nc< 2hcc cbn/sng+ bh*c 4s hsdb4cnsslc: )<n+ 4s )c cclc hlc chs)ulus lc"h s0s h uncb*s lsngu4s*ch% ncd<ndu"4s sch0h c+ dhc+ <n 0+*c3sc s<n ncbbsc*/h c% <n 0scs0c s<n dc cs h c. &85. T!t cc3s kh !rh!sl hltush k ssn#ur, t!t cc3s !ds!s, prsn sntcrpu4s%. P*sn *"unh <3s h *hgs h2cc3sunch% )*sn cchlhl + c/s3s *chuh"/bsn3+.
Lc c 0hs )l+cu 0h*slb* bh0cns s+ 2hc+ bsnclc dcc< s+"& )*s0chsc+7% c+cs c b 2c*scs*c h gcnc*b.s +3ss lb*. Rh*cb*s )*scsnusc4 s cus/h un ncch. 2+*+ h"& *css03s 4s u% 2sc 0s4ch dc su2c*sn3+% 2sc 0u4ch dc c+sn3+. Chu.clc su)c*sbh*c6 nu hc3sbnch.+ 2+*+ )lh + shu *+s)lh +. Bsnclc <n*<u*c4 c nc0sDlbcs % 4s *+ul 0sDlbcs . Hs
hsu)*h cus s+ chd+ lb/s u*slc nc0ul3u0s*ss% 4s hnu0c u*h 4s clc/c s*ch. Tu*bh*ch /ulgh*+ c dc bbsccs ch hccch chnsn+% ch*c% sgnb"*<ndu"4s chu.h )*+)+dulus% sc <n bh*cc <0)b *s/h sns *u0cn ulus: 4s cu bh c c+ nu hccs h )bh* + /snh )*sncs)hl+% )cdch)sh b su2c*+ nc0sDlbcs . &88. S hs cc ludh. C c*cds hl gus ulus% sc0n c+ 3s"c dc)*sns cu b cc"s 0hs bun 4s c+"s )b3s dh b*h )*c3us*ch luc*u*slb* dc hscs? csnc h 4 su s+ cunbhsc+ 0hs"nhsn c )c*2cc3sunch /h 4 s s"b )*c3ushsc+ 4s du)+ hccch. Hssgu*+& 0h c*sc cbn/c*sh3scs 4s s0s h3scs% hn scs)<nd cunb4 sn3clc h)lhudhbslc. C un 0bd )bls scbs dc h /sndc )c*2cc3sunslb* )*c.cn c7 cu* cnsh. Hl3ss% ds0)b *s/+% hu 0c*cu cc huls% 0+gulsndu"lc )c cclc dc 2h3+ )*sn dss)*c3us*ch cclb* hbscn c: lc s.bu c4 c cu su)c*2scshlss% ch*c nu bbsc*/+ c* s)ul dc h"s )bncg*s h*c )c unss cu hl3ss. Unss u*0ch.+ )bls sch dc"h )*c3us 0hs 0ul 0cdsbc*s +3slc dc h.s dcc< cC *c0clc dc sc*s. H cn ul ch + s+ cunbhsc+ hccs c sub sls +3s hlc h)*b)sc*ss 4s s+ nu ss0 + nscs dcscu*hDh*c lh cChgc*h*ch unush% nscs <n2u0u*h*c lh lsngu4s*ch ccluslhl : 4s )*scch)+ c+ lh 2cl sc )bh* + 4s"n *"b )h* c% 4s"n hl h? schs0b+ scnsu*slc 4s sc dhu b dchunh du)+ lbcul undc sc g+scsc. &8'. U0ch0 dc prs hsh ccl!rlhls%6 c+cs dhc+ dc/snc db*sn3+% c ccl 0hs c2schcc 4u*ub. Kslb.b2ss7 hu s)us c+ )*s/h3sh nu c ns0sc% sh*
&'7. B" hl pcss, !" cu sh lun#%. Ch s+ *+sc4 s% lhs+"s )c ccslhl3s s+ *+shsc+. Bh0cnss )h4nscs7 nu nu0hs *+scsc% cs db0ncsc. Ch + s"hu.s 4s s+ /c.s% dh* s+ hcs. Zsuh 2+*+ ls sgsu 2hcc nbh) ch cu sb0n bun. H *+s 0ul 4s"h *+s cu )l+cc*c <nsch0n+ h *+s c< dbs% 4s *bd hl )+css. H*c dc bh c csnc n"h*c hhbh* dc cc nu"& )*s/c4 c. Nu"s 0hs 0h*c ncsc*sb.s h c dcc< h luh b ul <n sc*sbs. P*bs sc sdcn sc+% h )unc lh sns0+ cc nu c h sngc ch 4s h nu"3s )+sh dc )*b)*su"3s )+s. &'6. Htcnsc lh csnc sntr pc plhcul hltush ch s shs pc3hl su%. Nu"s h)+*h*c 0hs bun+ cbn *h /sclcnscs ch b+gh*ch dc sch0+. P*scc)u ulus% un bun )*scc)+ b*. Unss <4s *c.bl/+ *cbu*slc )*b)*ss ch )c"hlc hl b*h% 4s 2+*+ cbn *hcs2*ul sn cn3sslb* c )b0cnc4 s cbns *<ns lh 2scch*c )hs s+ scb3s dsn 2bc 7 )*b2s ul hl ush cu )*c3ul /+ +0+*ss 0<snss hlc. &'(. 13s ! sdcc cu"sntc dcsprc tsnc 4s3hlc thlc%. s 0hs hlcs c<nd <ncc)s s+ *+sc4 s. Tb3s <4s 2hc dcs)*c ssnc b sdcc <nhl +% 4s cu h < 0hs 0ul ccs cc s<n 0hs )u3sn? <4s /ssch.+ 2scch*c sbh* h 4s sc <nchs)usc d*c) un
0s*hcbl. S)c*hn3h sc h/<n + ncs+bus % sh* h)bs cC)c*scn3h nu <0)lsnc4 c ns0sc: dc.h0+gs*ch *chls +3ss hdc/+*h c c ch.nh <nchs)us*ss lb* dc4h* c. <nd*c) c cu0sn3cnsh h h*c *+ +cs*s% 4s chsh* dhc+ )bh c db*s cc"s 0hs bsnc% s+ sc"h4 c) c 0c*cu lh cc"s 0hs *+u% ch s+ sh cu scnsn+ h c su2lc chsc+ b cc"h* 2s s+ /sn+ 7. C"b
&'7& B" hLpcss...6 C2. Crst., &&%&&. C2. )*b/c*bul >Hh!h0bs )h. ! /s/s0bs hsh." ;Cb**chs% >S"h/c0 )hcc 4s s+ *+s0 dcs ul"E. &'77 Bh"cnss ph4nscs6 C2. Mht, B%(? >Bch s 0s cs% Fubnsh0 s)ss )bsssdcbun c**h0" ;>Kc*scs3s ccs bl<n.s% c+ hccsh /b* 0b4 cns )+0<n ul"E. &'6 Htcnsc lh csnc sntr...6 C2. Dssc% #SSS: B*.. 7B.&((% &89.7&B: CrsL, SSS.(. P+s *+0 /c*bclc dsn b*sgsnhl% cntrhr 4s shlsr, 0cn3sbn<nd c+ s<n 2blbss c <n scnsul dc >h <ncc)c" 4s >h c*0snh". &'67 s sc!s dsn k!c6 Rb0c*h Nh/h**b cbnssdc*+ lbcu3sunch >h scbh c chs hnclc dsn 2bc cu 0snh hl csh"% cu*cn + <n 0ul c ls0bs 0bdc*nc% d*c) b c*ch3sc 0hs *cccn +. Lbcu3sunch s)hnsbl+ /cchc c*h? >shch* dcl 2ucgb lh chs hnh cbn lh 0hnb dc lh gh h" ;>h scbh c dsn 2bc chs hnh cu lhbh )ssscss"E. &'( k3s ! sdcc cu"sntc...6 C2. Cr., SSS: Dssc, @#S. Cu hl c cu/sn c% 2+"3s dcs)*c snc 4s hlc hlc b sdcc cChc +% nu )*ch <nhl +. &'(7 T!t cc3hr G s sn6 >K*h.h c cbns *us +% )unc cu )unc % )c b )h*s0sc? LDcsch* Sb 0cDb*% *ccclh* Sb )cb*% ! b0h* Sb Fuc /snsc*cM ;Rbd*<guc. Mh*sn% >Db*c4 c cc"s 0hs bun% c0c" c dc cc"s 0hs *+u 4s sh cc"b 2s s+ /sc"E. S"h* )u ch bh*c ch luc*u*slc s+ sc 2s )c *ccu sn/c*s 4s ch .schlh s+ 2s )*b/cns dsn h2b*ss0ul g*hcshncscO Cu unul nu"s cunbsc b b*sgsnc 0hs /cchc." #c.s RN"BM% ). 689% nb h '. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL l HRTH PRUDCNCS 6&&
&'5. Nu tc *ncurch nscsc*nd cu pr!4tss%. Ch cs c csnc nu"s cunbh4 c% 4s 0hs /<* bs csnc% cunbscu3s% nu"s h*unc+. S<n )*s0cD"dsb4s )cn *u *clh3sslc su)c*2scshlc 4s )c*nscsb4s )cn *u cbn2sdcn3+. s chsh* dhc+ un s0) <s <n2*<nch.+ s2shlh lb* 4s g*sDh cclb*lhl3s% )<n+ lh u*0+ b 2hc )*bs sh shu b s)un% 4s dhc+ hu <n <*.sh h 2bs dbh* ch s"b 2hc+ 0hs sblc0n+. G*cu )bh c hDu h c*cds ul hl b*h csnc nu"& h*c )c"hl s+u. S<n 2bh* c nc2c*scs3s% su)*h)b/h*+ h )*bs scs% 2ssnd 0bls)ss bh*c 4s unh% 4s hl h7. Un ssngu* luc*u <l hu 0hs )u3sn *+u% 4s hnu0c c+% dc4s cu0sn3ss nu lc s<n lb* dc nscs un 2blbs% cs% ds0)b *s/+% dc 0h*c 2blbs <n3clc)3slb* 6% 2sc ch <n/+3+ u*+% 2sc ch <n/+3h*c dc 0sn c. &'8. *n h s tc trhnsplhntc0s%. S<n bh0cns ch*c% )cn *u h sc )unc <n /hlbh*c% *cbusc s+ sc *+s+dchsc+% 4s 0hs 0ul <nc+"n )bs u*s 0h*s. Ph *sslc s<n 0h4 c*c hlc c0sncn3clb*7? db0nc4 c <n clc sn/sdsh ch <n *"un sbl )*b)scc% 4s 0hs 0ul sc 3sn 0sn c s0)c*2cc3sunslc cu ch*c hs <ncc)u dcc< 0+*c3sh lh ch*c hs hDuns. Un bbld h s.bu s s+ c<4 sgc )*c3us*c *cc<nd dsn *"b lu0c"n hl h% sh* un csbb dc s scl+% )cn *u c+ s"h s *+0u h % h cu2undh <n b)*bb*su dsh0hn ul. Tb cc"s s *+sn c )*c3us % 2sc )cn *u c+ h /cns dc dc)h* c% 2sc )cn *u c+ sc bb3snc dcs+/<*4s 4s"n h)bgcu. H0 /+.u sn4s ch*c nu dc0ul c*hu bch*h cbl3ulus lb*% 4s h.s s<n 0<nd*sh uns/c*sulus% 2ssnd )*c3us3s 4s dc cb0)h *sb3s% 4s dc s *+sns? dc unss% )cn *u c+"s )*s/csc dc dc)h* c% dc ccslhl3s% )cn *u ch dc)h* c 6. Nscsbdh + nu b s+ /cnc*c.c dc)lsn s h ush dc )c hl h* csnc h /+.u "b bu u*ug+ <n ls/hd+. &''. *n h s3s khcs l!c *n chsp cu"sntc%6 nu <n2sg<ndu" c. Hdc/+*h ul d*u0 c+ *c )*c3us*c c ccl hl 0c*s clb*% sh* dhc+ s *+dusn3h sc" n c0csh.+ )c /hlbh*c% c scu* + u*+ s)*c 3cl. Sn cg*s h ch
&'5& Nu c *ncurcs... cu pr!4tss6 C2. Dssc, @@SSS? B.% 6&. &'57 "!lspsst!hrc...6 Cu hl c cu/sn c. <n b/+*+4sh )*b4 slb*% )*bs sh 4s nc2c*scs*ch sc )l+ csc cu su2c*sn3+. &'56 dc "hrc k!l!s Inclcpsl!r6 Cbn2b*0 )*b/c*bulus >Dbndc cl nccsb sc )c*dsb% cl cuc*db h/ssb b0A" ;Cb**chs% >Undc )*bs ul s"h
*+ +cs % cu0sn clc s"h l+0u*s "E. &'8 *n h s tc trhnsplhntc0s6 C2. Dssc, @#SSS: Br., 7% B% &&7: B2 % SS% 6. &'87 "h4tcrc hlc c"sncncl!r6 C2. Luc, (% 7(? >Hdc/+*h .sc /bu+ c+ nscs un )*b*bc nu cs c bsnc )*s0s <n )h *sh sh". &'86 pcntru c dcphrtc6 <n b*sgsnhl% >)b*Fuc lcDbs": Rb0c*h Nh/h**b cs c4 c >)b*Fuc H/scncnP dc lcDbs"% >)cn *u c+ /sn dc dc)h* c"% sbcb snd c+ c /b*bh dc b g*c4chl+ dc s)h* ;RN"BM% ). 688% nb h &&E. &''& ...s3s khcs l!c...6 C2. Dssc, @S% @@S. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 6&6
796. Cun!h4tc c"sncnclc chculus tu%. Nu"s 0ul c? un 2cnsC <n *"b lu0c <n *chg+% un Mh*c C+)s hn% un b*h b* dcs+/<*4s % un <n3clc) <n *"un sccbl% un *cgc c0sncn <n 0ul c. Mcdsbc*s +3slc s<n cb0unc <n nu0+* 4s h)*ccsc*c% c0sncn3clc *h*c <n bh c% c+cs )*c snd cul0snh*c h dcs+/<*4s*ss 4s% cu c< 0hs subls0+ ch cgb*sh% cu h < 0hs ds2scsl )sscul. Mul3s lc"hu u.u*)h *cnu0clc dc Mh*s lus Cc.h* 4s HlcChnd*u% dh* <n gbl% c+cs 2+*+ 2h) c% /b*bh nu"s dcc< un )sc dc hc*% hu 2bs )u3sns Scncch 4s 2hs0h )c un ssngu* H)cllcs &"h )*+.nus . 79(. Lucrul u4!r trc!usc *ntrcprsns ch 4s cu" hr ks #rcu, shr ccl #rcu ch 4s cu" hr ks u4!r %6 hcblb )cn *u ch <nc*cdc*ch s+ nu"4s )sh*d+ /sgslcn3h% hscs )cn *u ch nc<nc*cdc*ch s+ nu sc dcscu*hDc.c. Nu"s nc/bsc dc hl cc/h ch s+ nu 2hcs un luc*u dcc< s+"& cbnssdc*s gh h 2+cu % 4s% ds0)b *s/+% s *+dusn3h <nl+ u*+ nc)u sn3h. Mh*slc <ncc*c+*s nscs nu *cbusc 0cds h c7% hDungc s+ 3s sc )*c.sn c% )cn *u ch nu cu0/h ds2scul h ch% <n *c/+.u +% s+ dch )*slcD 4b/+sclss. 79B. *n h s "hnc rc0s dssprcul%. S *h hgc0+ )cn *u h dbb<nds luc*u*slc c s+ lc dss)*c3usc4 s. Dc bbsccs nu lc g+sc4 s c<nd lc chu3s hnu0c% 4s h)bs% )c ncg<nds c% <3s /sn ssngu*c lh"ndc0<n+7. Cu0 bh c cclc dc"hscs s<n u0b*h cclb* c c*nc% <0)+* +4csc 4s <nsu4s*ch u0b*cs? 2ug dc ccs cc gbncsc du)+ clc 4s"s )*sgbncsc )c ccs cc 2ug dc clc. Dss)*c3ul c 4s cch 0hs )bls sc+ *+.bunh*c. MhCs0+ 2+*+ )c*cchc h <n3clc)3slb*% s+ nu c h)c*s nscsbdh + cu )hnh. c+cs lhs+ u*0c 4s hducc 0hs dcg*hb+ glb*sc *s/hls +3ss dcc< )cdch)s+ <nd*+.nclss. #sclc4ug dc nc/*cdnscs% s+ sc b)un+ unb* 0h*s bh0cns% ch s+ 2sc cclcb*h3s 4s cs snds*cc % c<nd dc d*c) n"b 0c*s hu? c+cs )c 0ul3s nu s"h0 cunbh4 c dhc+ *s/hlss cCcclcn3s n"h* 2s +cu ch. dc cs. Nu c *+.bunh*c ch us h*ch% c+cs <s <ng*b)s <n cblbul ns0scnscscs lb*. <4s <nchs)usc% c0c*h*s% c+ sc c c*ns.ch.+ d<nd 2bc 0snunslb* lu0ss 4s"hlc /chcu*slb*6. H* + dc"h )h*h clc/c s*ch% s+ nu 2hcs ch. dc
ch? <n2*un <nd"b <3s hducs )*cDudscsu% 4s% dhc+"s dhs c*cds % dssc*cds . Sn/sdscs% sh ss2hc3sc% c+cs 4s hcch u0b*+ dc s sg0h )+ ch.+% chsh* dhc+ nu"n uncc+ dc b % cch 0hs 0h*c dcs+/<*4s*c.
79A. S 4tss c ul# c pcstc t!t%6 chsh* <n Cb*sn 7% <n 2h0slsh cch 0hs sclcc +. Kscch*c <l <ncch*c+ 4s"n )*b)*sh"s chs+. Dh* c /ulg 4s h*hs/ulg6% 0hs *+u. Ccl s)ccshl h*c hcclch4s <nsu4s*s cu ccl dc *<nd% )*ccu0 csbbu*slc bglsn.ss s)h* c% 4s chsh* 0hs )+gubs b*? /b*bc4 c )*bs c4 c 4s ccn.u*ch.+ s0)c* sncn % 0h*c dsscs)bl hl sgnb*hn3cs% nh4 hl )*bs scs 4s hlsh hl scb*nclss. Nu luh sch0h lh cc .scc 4s cu h < 0hs )u3sn lh cc g<ndc4 c. C bsnc s+"& cunb4 s ch s+ c scu u*s dc cl% h < ch )h* cnc*% c< 4s ch bbscc % c+cs b*scc )*bs sc cs c /ulgh*s h c% sh* /ulgul sc cb0)unc dsn )*b4 s. 795. 1!l!sc4tc rcsncrch%. T*cbusc s+ 2ss 4s 0hs )*c/+.+ b* cu nc)*c/+.u ul. Pb*ns*slc )hssunslb* s<n lunccu4u*s hlc cu0sn3cnscs% 4s"hcblb c *sscul dc"h c )sc*dc. <nhsn c.s 0hs 0ul <n *"b cls)+ dc 0<nsc shu dc bucu*sc dcc< <n 0ul c cchsu*s dc nc)+sh*c: )+4c4 s uncb*s <n *"un 0snu c< s)+4c4 s h)bs bh + /sh3h. Sn cn3sh /sclchn+ h cclb*lhl3s <s sclusc4 c )*udcn3cs hsc0cnch ss)s s*s ch s+ dch dc usch shu dc cugc : sc 2blbsc4 c dc hsc0cnch 4u*ubu*s hlc scc*c clb*% <nc< s.bu csc h slcs 4s cch 0hs 0h*c ch)hcs h c. Ksc cbn *h"/sclc4ug *c3snc*ch% 0hs hlcs <n s.bucns*s. C nc/bsc dc 0ul + *c2lcc3sc )cn *u ch )h s0h s+ nu sc h0bhlc.c 4s c 0h*c cu0sn c csnc *+0<nc cu 0sn c 4s c+lh*c7. Csnc"4s d+ sch0h dc *ssc u0bl+ cu hc . Pc c< dc u4bh*+ s sc )h*c /b*bh cclus cc"b h*unc+% )c"h < dc g*ch cclus cc"b )*s0c4 c 4s"b c<n +*c4 c. 798. Nu "urs dc !!hlh pr!stulus%. <n3clc)3ss 0b* dc bbsccs ls)ss3s dc cu0sn3cnsc: )*b4 ss% ds0)b *s/+% s+ us dc s2h . H 0u*s ch
bbhlh hcclb*h ch*c% g<ndsnd )*ch 0ul % su2c*+ )*bs c4 c% hl 0sn c*s s2h ul h* 2s hbsblu snu sl dhc+ h* 2s 2bs hd*csh unus )*bs chls2schs 4s% dccs% sncu*hbsl. <n3clc)3ss su2c*+ dc bbsccs dc ls)s+ dc <n3clc)csunc )*hc sc+ shu 0undhn+ $c!rdurh, *b0. cu"sncnsc), )c c<nd )*b4 ss ;hscs <n scns s *sc E su2c*+ dc )c u*0h <ndb)+*ss cu s2h u*s snu slc% c2. Crsl, &&%B% cbnssdc*h3sslc dcs)*c >)*bs sh sncu*hbsl+". Ccs ch*c >0b* )cn *u c+ ss0 " s<n <n3clc)3ss% ccs ch*c > *+scsc )cn *u c+ nu ss0 " s<n )*b4 ss. 79'& ...pr!stsslc c!"unc6 C2. Dssc., @#SS: Br., (6% &'8% 798: CrsL, &&%'. 79'7 s#n!rhncs6 Lh G*hcs1n% s#n!rhncsh 4s ncccdhd s<n ssnbns0c. 79'6 dc s!hrth sh6 C2. Hb*h3su% Shtsrc, S% S% &=6? >Dc cc% Mcccnh% b0ul nscsc<nd nu"s 0ul3u0s Cu sbh* h cc"s 2u dh + shu ssngu* 4s"h c*bs O Dc cc <l )s.0usc4 c )c hl ul 2scch*c% s"h cclb*lhl3s u*ss + 0hs 2c*scs +"3s )h*cO" ;T*hd. dc Hl. Hbdb4 4s Th. M+sncscuE. 7&9& ...hdc/+*? C2. Dssc% #SSS% @@SS: Br., &7% &(% &7&: Crst., &&&%6. &SB7 prsn ccs trccus6 Hdsc+ nu ds*cc % s)un<ndu"lc <n 2h3+ hdc/+*ul shu cb*cc <ndu"s% cs snds*cc % cs <ndu"lc ch.u*s hsc0+n+ bh*c )c *ccu c hl c<nd/h. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 6&5
7&&. *n ccr, t!tul c "ulu"src, *n snkcrn, t!tul c *ntrssthrc%6 <n lu0c% ch lh 0sDlbc% 4s unh% 4s hl h: s +0 <n *c dbu+ cC *c0c 4s"hs 2cl nc"0)+* +4s0 dsn h0bclc. Sb*3slc hl c*nch.+? nu *cbusc s+ 2sc b ul nb*bc% nscs b ul hd/c*ss h c. Lu0ch hcchs h c un .c*b? ssngu*+% nu /hlb*ch.+ ns0sc: hl+ u*<nd"b cc*ulus% 0ul . Snds2c*cn3h 2h3+ dc ncs h b*nscsh cs cs c cu0sn3cnsc% 4s lh <n3clc)3s n"h*c cu*s nbu h ch. #sh3h ns sc <nl+n3usc ch <n *"b )scs+ dc ch *u: lh s2<*4s % sc dcscu*c+? h cn3sc% dh*% s+ s2<*4c4 s bsnc. 7&7. Rc0cr 3s t!tdchunh ults"clc sccrctc hlc hrtcs %. Ch 0h*ss 0hgss *s% cc *ccu*g lh sub sls h ch hcchs h chsh* c<nd b )*cdhu cclb*lhl3s: *cbusc s+ *+0<s )u*u*s su)c*sb* 4s )u*u*s 0hgss *u. Ch + s+ )u*cc.s cu h* + <n <0)+* +4s*ch h* cs: nscsbdh + s+ nu sccc s./b*ul <n/+3+ u*ss% du)+ cu0 nscs ccl hl d+*us*ss. H4h sc )+s *ch.+ *c)u h3sh 4s dc)cndcn3h. C<nd c s+ 2hcs )l+cc*c 4s s+"s <n/c3s )c hl3ss% *cbusc s+ *cs)cc3s hcch 0h*c lcc3sc dc h
h*+ns nccu*0h hd0s*h3sh 4s dc h <nhsn h <n dcs+/<*4s*c. Rc.c*/c <n bh c ss uh3sslc% sh + b 0h*c *cgul+ )cn *u h *+s% )cn *u h <n/sngc% 4s 0hs hlcs <n sluDbclc cclc 0hs subls0c. 7&6. *n h s c!ntrh0scs%. C b 0h*c s *h hgc0+ h )*b/bc+*ss% nu )cn *u h c )*sndc% cs )cn *u h )*sndc. Cs c 4u*ub unsc% ccl cc 2hcc s+ sh*+ h2cc clc: ncg*hbh dc h c*cdc c un /b0s s/ hl scc*c clb*% chcsc h cclus 0hs .+/b*< )sc) . Khcs cu 0h*c sub sls h c dublh <ncc*ch*c h ss03s*ss 4s"h Dudcc+3ss. Un dss)*c3 hbsl 2h3+ dc /b*bh 0ss c*sbhs+ h ccluslhl /<nch.+ cclc 0hs )*b2undc hsnc 4s lc 0+*un3c4 c"n 0scs <0buc+ u*s% )<n+ cc lc"hducc )c ls0b+ 4s lc"0)sngc <n n+/bhdclc h0+gs*ss 0c4 c4ugs c. Rc.c*/h h cn ulus b 2hcc )c"h ccluslhl s+ sc )*ccs)s c% 4s dcscb)c*+ hs 2cl ss03s*ch ccluslhl % c+cs hl 0sn c*s sns0h s"h* 2s *+0hs snsc*u hbsl+. B <ndbshl+ ss0ul hn+ c ccl 0hs bun 4)c*hclu hl cu*sb.s +3ss dc h 4 s b cc /*cs. s chsh* )cn *u h <n/+3h% b s *h hgc0+ h dsscs)blulus cs c s+"4s cbn *h.sc+ *sshgss *ul% ch*c sc hnghDch.+ cu 4s 0hs 0ul + *</n+ <n cC)lsch*ch 4s dc0bns *h*ch hdc/+*ulus: h4h <nc< cb0bh c*ch 0+su*h + )*slcDusc4 c lcc3sh <nchcgh +.
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21<1 Nu khcc dsntr3! pr!stsc, d!u6 C2. Cr., SS) Br., &7A% &(7% &8A% 7A&: Crst., 119;. 7&B ...cu sntcnsc sccund6 C2. Br., &6% &5%65% &9B% &(6: B,*9 1119<. 7&B7 t*rc!hlclc... !hlclc6 Cchs/hl+0 Dbcul dc cu/sn c dsn b*sgsnhl? >! nb clc lhs punths Fuc /h cchhndb )h*h /cns* hl punt! dc su )*c cnssbn". 7&A S hs u4ursnh !r!srss6 C-. Cr., SSS) Dssc., SS) B*.% 7B6. 7&5 Nu trc!usc s su!c4ts...6 C2. Dssc., SS) Br., 11&% 76(%765%7B5: Crst, &%B.
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776. Nu ks c-ccss dc ssn#ulhr%. Dsn h2cc h*c shu ncb+gh*c dc sch0+% unss s<n dc b ssngulh*s h c nb hbsl+% cu hc3suns 0hnshchlc% ch*c s<n 0hs 0ul dc2cc c dcc< ds2c*cn3sc*s. s h4h cu0 unss s<n 2bh* c cunbscu3s )*sn c< c"b u*<3cnsc h)h* c h chs)ulus% h4h 4s hcc4 sh% )*sn c< c un cCccs <n cb0)b* h*c. Ssngulh*s.h*ch nu sluDc4 c dcc< ch blh0% cu un )h* sculh*ss0 cc s <*nc4 c% )c *<nd% lh unss *<sul% lh hl3ss su)+*h*ch. 77(. *n h s hpucs lucrurslc%6 nscsbdh + <n *+s)+*% chsh* dhc+ /sn. Tbh c hu 2h3+ 4s *c/c*s. Ccl 0hs bun 4s 0hs 2h/b*hbsl% dhc+"& h)ucs dc +s4% /h +*n+: ds0)b *s/+% ccl 0hs bs sl% dhc+ dc )l+sch% h)+*+. Mul c% ch*c"hu hdus n+)hs +% h* 2s hdus% dhc+ ls s"h* 2s c+u h h/hn hDclc% 0ul3u0s*c. <n bh c cCss + )+*3s bunc 4s *clc? dsb+csh c h 4 s s+ dhs dc 2blbs. Hcclh4s luc*u 2hcc h)c 2bh* c ds2c*s c% dhc+"& )*s/c4 s sub lu0sns ds2c*s c? )*s/c4 c"& sub cch h 2c*scs*ss. Nu *cbusc s+ <ncu*cs d<*lbgss bsnclus 4s"hs *+ulus. H4h sc 2hcc c+ unss g+scsc <n bh c 0ul3u0s*ch% sh* hl3ss ncch.ul. Mh*c lchc <0)b *s/h lb/s u*slb* sb*3ss 4s 0h*c *cgul+ dc /sh3+ )cn *u b*scc /*c0c 4s )cn *u b*scc sluDb+. 77B. Cun!h4tc3s dckcctul3rc#c%. Ns0cns nu *+sc4 c 2+*+ cl% cbn *h)bndc*c lh dh*ul c0sncn % 4s% dhc+ <nclsnh*ch <l 2h/b*s.ch.+% <n*bbc4 c s*hnsc. S+"ncc)s h"s dcclh*h *+.bbs% scul<nd <0)b *s/+"s g*sDh% sh* )*s0ul )hs 2sc dh*ch <n /slchg% dcbh*ccc% 2ssnd cunbscu % /h 2s b+ u % 0hs hlcs dhc+ ccl sn c*csh <l Dudcc+ lh 2cl ch 4s ccs cc s" & <n2sc*ch.+. Ch s+ 2ss s +)<n )c snc c ncccsh* s+ /cghc.s hsu)*h h. B dh +"n/sns hccs ch) hl s0)c*2cc3sunslb*% bh c /b* ch)s ulh. 77A. Htcnsc s *ndht!rc0s%. Ccs 0hs 0ul3s nu /b*bcsc 4s nscs nu hc3sbnch.+ du)+ cu0 s<n % cs du)+ cu0 <s bblsgs. B*scsnc )bh c hc*cds h cu )*ssbssn3+ *+ul% )cn *u c+ *+ul c 2bh* c c*c.u % chsh* dhc+ uncb*s snc*cdsbsl. Tb cc h/c0 0hs 0ul 4s 0hs bun dc)sndc dc *h)b* u*slc cu ccslhl3s. Unss sc 0ul3u0csc s+ hsb+ d*c) h ch dc )h* ch lb*% dh* nu"s dc"hDuns% c+cs c nc/bsc s"b hDu3s cu s<*gusn3h. <ndh b*h*ch cbs + uncb*s 2bh* c )u3sn 4s /hlb*ch.+ 0ul ? cu /b*bc cu0)c*s 2h) c. <n hcchs + 0h*c chs+ h uns/c*sulus nu c scul+ h <
dc nc *cbnsc+% <nc< % 0+ch* lh un hn b dh +% s+ nu 2hc+ *cbusn3+ 4s% chsh* dc"h* /hlb*h )u3sn% <s /cs ss03s 0ul ls)sh. Kscch*c /b*bc4 c dcs)*c bbscc 0<nh dc h2cc . 775. Nu ks hl prs"cs s"prcsss%. Unss <4s shu dc nc/cs c )*s0h /cs c% h4h <nc< cclclhl c s<n cbncubsnc 4s% cu0 0sncsunh c 0c*cu <n 2*un c% nu 0hs *+0<nc lbc 4s )cn *u hdc/+*. Nu *cbusc u0)lu c nscs /bsn3h cu )*s0ul bbscc % nscs sn clcc ul cu )*s0h )*b)b.s3sc% c+cs <nsch0n+ snsu2scscn3+ h ch)hcs +3ss. Unss hu )*b)*sc h ch ulcsb*ulus nbu7% )c ch*c )unc s +)<ns*c <n <sul 0s*bs% h < hl lscb*ss )*bhs c% c< 4s hl cclcs bunc. C<nd hcchs + snsu2scscn3+ hDungc h"s 2s cunbscu +% ch dc/snc d+un+ bh*c% dcbh*ccc d+ /hd /sclcnscs *+u +csbhsc? *+u sn cn3sbnh3ss sc g*+bcsc s+ /b)schsc+ <n culbh*ch lb* c*cduls h ch. R+0<n+ b dchunh lbc )cn *u *ccCh0snh*c: )+s" *c.c"4s HlcChnd*u cchlhl + u*cchc )cn *u )h* ch hd/c*s+6? *+0<n+ lbc )cn *u h dbuh 4s"h *csh sn2b*0h*c. S0)*cssbnhbsl s h ch c sc0n dc snch)hcs h c 4s cs c h)*bh)c dc )hssbnhls h c. 778. Nu ks #ur rch%. Nccu0 s+ hs hsc0cnch *cnu0c% c+cs h* <nsc0nh 2hs0+ dc 2hs0b2bb7. Nu 2s sngcnsbs )c s)snh*ch cclb*lhl3s% c+ c 0hs cu*<nd bdsbs dcc< hnc/bsbs. Sc *+.bun+ b3s )c snc% /b*"bsndu" c b3s dc *+u% 4s% cu0 u c4 s ssngu*% sh* cs 0ul3s% 0hs dcg*hb+ c /b* <n/sngc dcc< <s /cs cbn/sngc. R+ul nu *cbusc s+ bucu*c nscsbdh + 4s nscs s+ nu 2sc cb0cn h . Clc/c s b*ul c dc cs h <n /ccs 4s% chsh* dhc+ uncb*s <4s 0hs 2hc dc /b*b+ cu cl )c*sbnhDc sus)usc% b 2hc 0hs 0ul dc d*hgul .c2lc0clss dcc< dsn s s0+ )cn *u cu0sn3cnsh lus. Sh* csnc /b*bc4 c dc *+u <4s hudc b dchunh /b*bc 4s 0hs *clc6.
77'. *n h s3s *"prs shh cu dssccrncrc%6 nu cu0 /sn <0)*cDu*+*slc% cs cu )*c/cdc*c 4s clcc3sunc. C *udnsc+ 2+*+ b)*s*s% ch b c+l+ b*sc lung+ 2+*+ hhnu*s: b 2hcc 2c*scs + c*uds h /h*sc h c. Ccl dsn <s )b)hs hl /sc3ss 2*u0bhsc s+ ns"& chcl us0 cbn/c*s<nd cu 0b*3ss: nc nh4 c0 s)*c"h cunbh4 c 4s"h nc cunbh4 c% sh* c+*3slc nc 2hc 2sdcl )c*sbhnc. H dbuh c h)+ 2blbsc4 c"b )cn *u ccs /ss? /+.<nd 4s <nsc0n<nd b bsnclc lu0ss: nu bh c luc*u*slc sc g+scsc <n *"b 3h*+% .cs *ch h <0)+*3s "b P+*sn clc uns/c*shl% 4s uncb*s h <0bbg+3s "b 0hs 0ul )c u*< +7. H *csh c h)+ 2sc <n <n *cgs0c"h h? ul s0+ 2c*scs*c% 2slb.b2h*ch. 769. Dcschsdc !chss lh ts"p%. Nu b3s ccs cc /+d hu dcschss bchss% nscs b3s ccs cc )*s/csc /+d. Du0s*s*ch <*.sc nu 0hs c lchc% cs ncch.. Unss <ncc) s+ /hd+ c<nd nu 0hs hu cc? 4s"hu dcs2+cu chsh 4s 0hsh <nhsn c dc h sc 2s 2+cu )c cs <n4s4s. C g*cu s+ dhs sn clsgcn3+ cus n"h*c /bsn3+% dh* 4s 0hs 4s s+ dhs /bsn3+ cus n"h*c sn clsgcn3+7: ccs dsn )*chD0h lb* sc Dbhc+ cu cs ch 4s ns4 c b*bs% s)*c hh.ul cclb*lhl3s: 4s% dsn )*scsn+ c+ s<n su*.s ch s+ hud+. nu dcschsd bchss ch s+ /hd+. Nu ls)sc4 c <ns+ c< c unul ch*c lc <n *c3snc snscnssbsls h ch% <n *uc< cCss cn3h lus sc <n c0csh.+ )c sncCss cn3h lb*. Nc2c*scs chlul hl c+*us s +)<n n"h*c bchs? g*cu sc /h" ng*+4h6. 76&. Nu dc0 lus lucrurs pc 7u"thtc kcutc%6 s+ 2sc sh/u*h c <n dcs+/<*4s*ch lb*. Tbh c <ncc)u u*slc s<n sn2b*0c% 4s *+0<nc
h)bs scbhnh hcclcs ds2b*0s +3s: h0sn s*ch luc*ulus /+.u s* )c*2cc nu"3s <ng+dusc s+ c bucu*s dc cl c*0snh . Sh/u*h*ch dsn *"b dh + h unus bbscc 0h*c% dc4s cbn u*b+ Dudcch*ch )+*3slb*% sh ss2hcc )c dc)lsn gus ul. <nhsn c dc h 2s% b ul c ns0sc% sh* c<nd <ncc)c s+ 2sc% c <nc+ 2bh* c )sc*du <n ns0scul s+u. #cdc*ch )*cg+ s*ss cclus 0hs hlcs 2cl dc 0<nch*c 0hs dcg*hb+ hsc dcc< s <*nc4 c )b2 h? 2c*chsc+"sc% dh*% b*scc 0h*c 0hcs *u ch b)c*clc s+"s
2sc .+*s c <n c0b*sbn? <n/c3c dc lh nh u*+ s+ nu 4s lc cC)un+ )<n+ c<nd nu )b h)+*ch. 767. S+ hs un drh" dc nc#ust!r%. S+ nu 2sc b ul dbh* s)cculh3sc% s+ 2sc 4s hc3sunc. Ccs 2bh* c <n3clc)3s s<n lcsnc dc h0+gs dsn )*scsn+ c+% dc4s cunbsc ncbbs4nus ul% sgnb*+ bbs4nus ul /sc3ss% ch*c c 0hs ncccsh*. Cbn c0)lh*ch luc*u*slb* subls0c nu lc 0hs lhs+ lbc )cn *u cclc ss0)lc: 4s% cu0 sgnb*+ cc h* 2s *cbus s+ 4 sc <n )*s0ul *<nd 4s"n ch*c b3s s<n ss c3s% s<n 2sc )*s/s3s cu 0s*h*c% 2sc sbcb s3s sgnb*hn3s dc /ulgul su)c*2scshl. B+*bh ul <n3clc) s *1dushsc+"sc% h4hdh*% s+ hsb+ cc/h dc ncgus b*% h < h c< *cbusc ch s+ nu 2sc h0+gs 4s chsh* luh )cs c )scsb*? 2ss b0 hl )*hc scss c+cs% dc4s nu c cc/h su)c*sb*% c dc cch 0hs 0h*c *cbusn3+ ch s+ *+sc4 s. Lh cc c bun+ bh*c 4 ssn3h% dhc+ nu"s u sl+O7 Sh* h 4 s s+ *+sc4 s c h.s hdc/+*h h 4 ssn3+Q 766. Nu dh #rc4 cu #ustul hltush%6 c+cs h* 2s s+"s 2hcs un ncch. <n lbc dc )l+cc*c. Unss% sbcb snd c+ <ndh b*ch.+% su)+*+% 2ssndc+ nu <n3clcg 2s*slc. CCss + hc3suns ch*c )cn *u unss s<n 0+guls*c 4s )cn *u hl3ss Dsgns*c% sh* ccch cc c*cdchs c+ c b 0<nh dc hDu b* h 2bs b )hl0+. H cbs h uncb*s 0hs scu0) s+ 2hcs b nc)l+cc*c dcc< h* 2s cbs h s+ 2hcs b )l+cc*c. Psc*d 4s *ccunb4 sn3h% 4s *+s)lh h dbh* )cn *u c+ hu )sc*du nb*dul <ndh b*+*ss. Dhc+ nu cunb4 s 2s*ch ccluslhl % g*cu <l /cs )u ch 0ul3u0s: h4h sc 2hcc c+ unss hu g<nds s+ *bs chsc+ b lhud+ 4s hu *bs s b snDu*sc% ccch cc
7667 pcdchps !snc"crstht6 Pcdch)s+ nu )cn *u ccl cc h 2+cu clbgsul% cs )cn *u ccl ch*c"& )*s0c4 c% 4 ssnd c+ nu"& 0c*s +. C2. Psld, 75% &(? >Cclus cc bsnc"cu/<n ch.+ )c )*sc cnul s+u cu glhs 0h*c dss"dc"ds0snch3+% s sc sbcb c4 c ch un blcs c0." 76(-Nu3s *ncrcdsnh rcputhsh...6 C2. B*.% 7&5. 76(7 nu tc *ncrcdc nscs!dht6 C2. Scncch% Scrss!rs, SSS? >Cs c lh 2cl dc g*c4s h c <nc*cdc <n bh + lu0ch ch 4s h nu c <nc*cdc <n ns0cns: dh* <n )*s0ul ch. h4 .scc c+ c /b*bh dc b /sn+ 0hs bnb*hbsl+% <n hl dbslch% dc unh ch*c 2c*c4 c 0hs bsnc dc )*s0cDdss" ;cd. cs .% ). AE. 76B& *n h s ccrs6 C2. Dssc., @@SS: Br., 59: Crst., SS% &&. Bh llb*s 4s Pc*hl h 2hc *s0s c*s lh dbc *snh <n 0h c*sc h lus Sgnhcsb dc Lb!blh 4s h lus Gsb/hns Bb c*b% Dcllh rh#s!n ds Stht!., &. ;BP"BG. BC&% ). (7A.E. 76A 1 !!ls#hpc...? C2. Br., 77A% 7((% 78A. 76A !h"cns #cncr!4s6 C2. Scncch% Dc !cnckscsss, SS% &% 7"(. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNTCS
4s 0hs 0ul )c ccl cc )*s0c4 c: un hcclh4s dh*% dhc+ 0hs <*.su c dh b*sc% 0hs dc/*c0c c <ndh b*h*c. Sub sl 0bd dc h *hns2b*0h bblsgh3sslc% <nc< cch ch*c h* 2s *cbus s+ 2sc h su)c*sb*ulus% ch s+ *+s)l+ chsc+% *cchdc hsu)*h cclus <ndh b*h % ch s+ sc )l+ chsc+. Hcchs h% dc bun+ sch0+% <n ch.ul )c*sbhnclb* gcnc*bhsc% c+cs <n ch.ul bh0cnslb* Dbsnscs% hn scs)<nd )lh h bnb*h*sulus h* <nsc0nh s+ lc )us 0hs dcg*hb+ 2*<u dcc< )sn cns. 765. Nu *"prs nscs!dht sccrctc cu supcrs!rss ts%6 /cs c*cdc c+"0)h*3s )c*c 4s /cs <0)+*3s )sc *c7. Mul3s hu )sc*s 2ssndc+ hu 2bs cbn2sdcn3s? hcc4 sh s<n ch lsngu*h dsn cbhD+ dc )<snc% )<nds + dc"hcclh4s *ssc h)bs 6. <0)+* +4s*ch unush nu"s hh <* hl )*sncs)clus% cs *sbu . Mul3s s)h*g bglsndh )cn *u c+ lc h0sn c4 c u*<3cnsh: nu" & )b3s /cdch )c csnc c"h )u u /cdch% nscs bsnc /+.u nu"s csnc h /+.u *+u. Pc ns0cns s+ nu"& sbcb c4 s )*ch <ndh b*h % 4s )c ccl )u c*nsc ccl 0hs )u3sn: 2sc 0hs dcg*hb+ cu bsnc2hcc*s hcb*dh c dcc< cu hh <*u*s )*s0s c. Mhs )*s0cDdsbhsc ch b*scc s<n cbn2sdcn3clc dsn )*sc cnsc. Csnc 4s"h <0)+* +4s hl ush scc*c clc s"h dc/cns sclh/: 4s% )cn *u su/c*hns% c b sslnscsc cc nu )bh c du*h. Db*csc s+"4s *+scu0)c*c lsbc* h ch )sc*du + 4s% )cn *u hs h% chlc+ b <n )scsbh*c% )<n+ 4s d*c) h ch. Scc*c clc% h4hdh*% nscs nu lc hscul h% nscs nu lc s)unc. 768. Cun!h4tc pscsh cc3s lspsc4tc%. Mul3s h* 2s )c*sbhnc dc)lsnc dhc+ nu lc"h* ls)ss un cc% 2+*+ dc ch*c nscsbdh + nu hDung )c cul0ch 2ssn3cs dcs+/<*4s c. Lh unss bbsc*/s c+ h* )u ch 2s 0ul dhc+ h* luh sch0h lh 2bh* c )u3sn. Lc ls)sc4 c sc*sb.s h ch% ccch cc lc u0b*c4 c 0h*s <n.cs *+*s: hl b*h% bl<ndc3ch )u* +*ss% ls)s+ )c
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dc ch*hc c*. Nscsbdh + nu"4s h *hg clbgss% )cn *u c+ dc ns0sc nu *hg: b ul sc ss)+/c4 c <n ncss)*h/+. Lh hl3ss /snc dsn nc*+bdh*c dc cugc % cusu* hl s)hnsblslb*% du)+ cu0 *+bdh*ch c /s* u ch bclgscnslb*. Hcc4 sh s<n gh h cu bh c% hccsh dhu gh h b ul: n+du4csc )<n+ cc"n/sng bbs hcblul 4s sc 0ul3u0csc s+"n/sng+: nu 4 su s+ duc+ lh ch)+ bun /sc b*sh? h*h + c+ )b % dh* nu /b*. Dh* dc2cc b c% dsn nc)u sn3+ shu dsn u4u*sn3+. Dhc+ luc*h*ch c bun+% dc cc n"b ss)*+/c4 sO s dhc+"s *ch% dc cc hs <ncc)u "bO S+"4s *+)un+% dh*% shghcclc /<nh ul% nu s+ sc dc.u02lc du)+ cc"& s <*nc4 c7. 7(6. Nu ks dct!t hulu!%. Hl c*nc.c )c*2sdsh 4h*)clus cu nc/snb/+3sh )b*u0bclulus. Ns0sc 0hs lcsnc dcc< s+ h0+gc4 s )c un b0 dc bsnc: c*cdc 0ul csnc nu 0sn c nscsbdh + 4s c h b <nc*c.+ b* csnc nu h0+gc4 c dclbc. B0ul nu c h0+gs b dchunh dc )*bs % cs uncb*s dc bun cc c. Dbu+ 2clu*s dc )c*sbhnc )*c/sn <n 0h*c 0+su*+ )hgubclc? )+3s3ss% nu0hs )c sbcb chlh lb*% 4s /sclcnss% nu0hs )c"h cclb*lhl3s. Ss c3s0ch s+ sc"h*h c% )*sn u*0h*c% lh 2cl dc cCcclcn + <n cs*cu0s)cc3sc ch /sclcnsh <n uncl s*c% 4s nu /bs s+ 2ss bun <n *"h < h% <nc< s+ dhs )*slcD hl ush s+ 2sc *+u: 2ss h0cs cc dc )b*u0bcl 4s dc 4h*)c? nu 0bns *u% cs )*bdsgsu. 7((. *n h s *ndht!rc0s%. T*hns2b*0+ unss hh <*ul cc ls sc 2hcc <n *"unus 2+cu dc cs% h4h <nc< )h*c% shu dhu cs dc <n3clcs% c+ 2hc b 2h/bh*c c<nd b )*s0csc. S<n bh0cns h < dc sscuss3s. <nc< bnb*ch.+ cc*<nd 4s"4s )*c2hc 2blbsul )*b)*su <n bnbh*c h ccluslhl : <n h4h 2cl scluscsc luc*u*slc% <nc< s+ )h*+ c+ ccslhl3s <4s )l+ csc b dh b*sc c<nd lc 2hc un dh*% *+s u*n<nd )*sn *"b cC *hb*dsnh*+ )bls sc+ b*dsnch <ndh b*+*ss: )un ccl )u3sn lh"ndbshl+ csnc cus 2hcc hh <*ul. Cu )*c3 dc lhudc cu0)+*+ cc"s 0hs bun% sh* dsn 2h) ul c+ h*h + gus )cn *u cc/h 2hc csns s*c 4s 0+guls*c: bblsg+ cu* cnsh% scb3<ndu"& dh b*nsc )c ccl c+*ush <s dh b*hu cs *ccunb4 sn3+. <n 2clul hccs h% schs0b+ bblsgh3sh dsn )hss/+ <n hc s/+% 0hs buns )bls scscns dcc< g*h0h scscns. Mh*c hbsls h ch lb*% dh* 0hs 0h*c"h* 2s s+ lc"b"n3clcgs% *cs hbslsnd lbcul )*bs scs% *cs s usndu"lc bnbh*ch 4s <nchs<ndu"4s 2scch*c )*b2s ul.
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7(B. Cu#ct unc!rs hphrtc 4s dcphrtc dc "!dul ul#hr%6 db/hd+ dc su)c*sb*s h c h ch)hcs +3ss. Nu *cbusc s+"& )*c3usc4 s )c ccl cc nu 3s sc b)unc nscsbdh +% c+cs nu"s sc0n dc subs*c dc snc% cs dc ssnc: nu c l+sh h0+gs dc lsngu4s*c )l+ snd"b% cs cbndh0n<nd"b. Sh d*c) *c)u h3sc chsh* 4s 2h) ul dc"h 2s b<*2s dc unss% 0hs hlcs dc ccs ch*c"s /b*bcsc dc *+u )c b3s ccs buns. <n *ss ch.+" c c<nd 2h) clc hlc s<n )c )lhcul u u*b*h% c+cs c sc0n c+ nu s<n bunc? )c*2cc3sunch c h )u3snb*h. 7(A. Nu dh nscs!dht shtsskhcsc cus n3! ccrc. s% chsh* cc*u +% c un sbs dc dclsc dhc+ c cCccss/+. H c scu.h <nhsn c dc /*c0c <nsch0n+ h c hcu.h&% sh* h l+sh s<ngc s+n+ bs 2ssnd <nsch0n+ h 2hcc cu bchsul *+ulus 4s *+u +3ss: scu.h hn scs)h + *c.c4 c sus)scsunch hdb*0s +. s cu0sn clc nscs s+ nu )h*+ cbn4 scn dc b+nushlh ccluslhl % c+cs <nsch0n+ s+ shs+"n <n <0)snh*ch b2cnscs: h uncs s+ chu c h s"b dc.0sn3s )*sn sn cg*s h ch cb0)b* +*ss shlc. 7(5. S+ 4tss cc h "hs "ult 4s s trsc4ts cc h "hs pusn%. Hl3ss g<ndcsc ds0)b *s/+. Mhs /hlb*bhs+ c bdshnh bun+ dcc< nc shnh7. Ns0sch nu"s hl nbs *u dcc< s0)ul6% <n ch*c *+sc4 c 4s csnc n"h*c lbc(. C b h < h nc2c*scs*c s+"3s s*bsc4 s /sh3h )*c3sbhs+ <n sh*csns /ulgh*c% ch 4s )*ch 0ul <n cclc subls0c: nu *cbusc s+ c lh4s cb/<*4s nscs dc bcu)h3ss% nscs dc sn/sdsc? <nsch0n+ s+ chlcs <n )scsbh*c /sh3h 4s s+ <n+bu4s cugc ul. Unss cC snd hs h 4s hsu)*h 4 ssn3cs% dh* nu *+sc4 s dhc+ nu 4 ss.
7(8. Nu tc luh dup ults"ul%. S<n bh0cns hs ul s0cs )+*c*s% c+cs bb*+.nscsh u0bl+ )c lh cC *c0c. G<nds*ch 4s /*c*ch lc s<n dc cch*+? ul s0ul /cns <4s )unc )ccc ch 4s"s 4 c*gc )c ccslhl3s. Pc"hcc4 sh nu"s c<4 sgs nscsbdh +% )cn *u c+ lh 2cl dc lcsnc <s )sc*.s: 2scch*c <s /b)sc4 c <n culbh*ch lus. Nu"s buns dc cbn2sdcn3s% cb)ss bh + /sh3h: 4s hs 2cl% cu ncs h b*nscsc <n Dudcc+3s 4s ss03+0sn c% s<n 0c*cu 2luc uhn3s% 4chsb)s dc /bsn3+ 4s Dudcch +% <nclsn<ndu"sc bh <n *"b )h* c% bh"n hl h7. 7('. Nu3nccpc s trsc4ts pc undc trc!usc s sk*r4c4ts1 Unss shu bdshnh lh"ncc)u 4s lhs+ *udh )cn *u s2<*4s . <n <s ch + s+ 2sc cscn3shlul 4s"hbsh du)+% dhc+ *+0<nc lbc% hcccsb*sul. Hl3ss /b* s+ *su02c <nhsn c dc"h lu) h: unss <ncc) )*sn h 4 s b cc c 0hs )u3sn <nsc0nh % sh* s udsslc bnb*hbslc 4s 2blbss bh*c lc lhs+ )cn *u /*c0ch dc s2<*4s h /sc3ss? hl ul nscs n"h )*sns chchg% c+ sc 4s <n2u0u*ch.+. Mc bdh c cscn3shl+ ch s+ 4 ss 4s s+ )b3s *+s. 7B9. C*hd trc!usc s cu *ntc0s pc d!sM% C<nd ns sc /b*bc4 c cu g<nd *+u. Cu unss b ul *cbusc s+ 0ch*g+ <n *+s)+*? dh"ul c nu 4s nu"ul c dh. B<*2s*ch unus luc*u *ccc d*c) )*c3us*c h lus% 2ssndc+ csnc"& /*ch )cn *u ssnc <l dssc*cds ch.+ )cn *u ccslhl3s. H l+udh nu <nsch0n+ b dchunh h /b*bs dc bsnc% c+cs unss% ch s+ nu"s lhudc )c ccs buns% <s lhud+ 4s )c ccs *+s: sh* )cn *u csnc ns0cns nu c *+u% ns0cns nu /h 2s nscs bun7. 7B&. Trc!usc s rccur#s lh "s7l!hcclc !"cnc4ts ch 4s cu" n3hr c-ssth 4s ds snc, 4s lh cclc ds snc ch 4s cu" n3hr c-ssth !"cnc4ts6 *cgul+ dc 0h*c 0hcs *u&% nu c dc hd+ugh nscs un cb0cn h*su.
2uc*hn dc hlgun c2cc b" $M!nu"cnth, Sc*sc S#% Scrspth dc S. S#nhcs!, S% Mhd*sd% &'9(% ch). #S% ). (AA% h)udLbuss S snglhh0bc*% S. L% >G*hcs1n c lh Cb0)hgnsc dc Jcsus"% Hssphnsc Rc sc@, @@SS% 6% sulsc &'B(% )). &'B"795E. Kb*0h cch 0hs /cchc h hccs cs *c2lcc3ss sc g+sc4 c <n Dsdh dc Shn S#nhcs!, dc P. Rsbhdcnc!*h? ><n luc*u*slc cc lc"n *c)*sndch<n sluDbh Db0nulus Nbs *u% sc 2blbsch dc bh c 0sDlbhcclc b0cnc4 s ch s+ lc duc+ lh bun s2<*4s % cu h < h g*sD+ 4s c2schcs h c% dc )h*c+ nu0hs dc clc h* 2s dc)sns bunul dc.nbd+0<n : 4s <4s )unch <n *"h < h n+dcDdch <n Du0nc.cu 4s sbcb ch c+ h <*n+ nu0hs dc ds/snh sh P*b/sdcn3+% dc )h*c+ bh c cclclhl c 0sDlbhcc b0cnc4 s lh ch*c h)clh n"h* 2s 2bs dc nscs un 2blbs." Schb)cnhhuc*% 0h*c hd0s*h b* hl hccs cs 0hCs0c% b cbnssdc*h d*c) >*cgulh dc <n3clc)csunc h <n *cgulus Brhc!l, *cgul+ )*hc sc+% dc h4<ndu"sc dsn *c bh c cclc *cs su c dc h2b*ss0c ch*c b <nchd*ch.+% 2+*+ h 4 s <ns+ c+"s h)h*3snc s2<n ulus Sgnh3su" ;K*hncsscb Mhldbnhdb dc Guc/h*h% L! kscts ! 9 S! hntskscts ! cn cl pcnsh"scnt! dc Shn S#nhcs!, 9 !tr!s cstuds!s, Uns/c*ssdhd dc G*hnhdh% Cbl. KslblAgsch% #SS% &'B(% )).(&=A&E. Tu*nh*ch hccs cs cugc +*s <n *"un chshs0 )c*2cc <s h)h*3snc <ns+ lus G*hcs1n% dc4s Mhldbnhdb dc Guc/h*h hnun3h h)h*s3sh unus s udsu dc Pcd*b Shsn. Rbd*sguc. ch*c dc0bns *h c+ b*sgsnch hccs us chshs0 c dc c+u h <n C*hs0us. Nu dss)unc0 dc hl c dh c <n hccs scns. #c.s HH"BG. BC% )). 7&8"7&': BP"BG. BC% ). (7'. H2b*ss0ul ns sc )h*c 2undh0cn hl 4s )cn *u <n3clcgc*ch b)c*cs lus G*hcs1n% <n )c*2cc h cs uns h c% )us+ lh <ndbshl+ )<n+ hcu0. #c.s sn *bducc*ch nbhs *+% )). 7&"78. :+:lNscs t!t hl tu, nscs t!t hl su6 Cu hl c cu/sn c% nu 2s cCccss/ cgbss % dh* nscs 2+*+ 0+su*+ dcdsch hl b*h. C2. Br., B% 67%&BA%&85%&8'%7B7% 7A9%78(% 78A: Crst, SS% &7. 7B77 Hhdrshn6 Nu c /b*bh dc <0)+*h ul Hhd*shn% dh* nscs dc Ksls) hl Mhccdbnscs% cu0 sus3snc Rb0c*h Nh/h**F ;RN"BM% ). (8AE cs% c*cdc0% dc Dc0c nbs Pblsb*cc cs ;c. 66A"786 <. C*.E. #c.s Plu h*h% Dscs phrhlclc, cd. cs .% /bs S#% >Dc0c *sbs"% (7%7? >Bdh + b 2c0csc &"h ulbu*h 0c*cu )c d*u0% *ug<ndu"& dc 0ul c b*s s+ 2sc hscul h +% dh* cu0 Dc0c *sbs h s)us c+ n"h*c s0)% 2c0csh h s *sgh ? LH uncs nu 0hs 2s *cgcM." 332 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS
7B6...c!nccptul. C2. Cr., #: Hsc% #SS: Br., &B7% 7&A: Crst., SS% B. C2. 4s Thcs % H#rsc!lh, 69%&6? >b0nc sgnb u0 )*b 0hgns2scb cs " ;>b*scc cs c nccunbscu *ccc d c) 0+*c3"E. #c.s 4s 2snhlul h2b*ss0ulus. 7B67 trc!usc s c!stc6 #c.s )*b/c*bul >Lb Fuc )bcb cucs h% )bcb sc )*ccsh" ;Cb**chs% >Cc cbs + )u3sn )u3sn c )*c3us "E. 7B( Nu "sns"hls0h rul...? C2. B*.% 6&: Crst, &%&%(. 7B(7 undc "hs s*nt6 C2. )*b/c*bul? >Hdbndc /hs% 0hlO Hd1ndc 0hs hh!" ;Hc01n Nunc.% >Undc c ducs% ncnb*bcs*cO Undc 0hs s<n 4s hl clc"E. 7B(6 d!hr"c6 C2. Publslsus S!*us% Scntcntshc, B'8? >Nbn cs 0b/cndu0 bcnc cbnsb)s u0 0hlu0" ;>Nu *cbusc s <*ns un *1u bsnc hdb*0s "E 4s )*b/c*bul? >Cuhndb lh 0hlh /cn u*h sc duc*0c% nhdsc lh dcs)sc* c" ;>C<nd sbh* h *ch hdbh*0c% ns0cns s+ n"b *c.chsc+"E. 7BB *n h s khcs !snclc6 C2. Br., B%&(&% 7B6. 7BB7 nu d, cs sndc6 C2. )*b/c*bul? >Guscn dh% bscn /cndc% ss nb cs nccsb Fuscn )*cndc" ;Hc01n Nunc.% >Csnc d+ /sndc bsnc% dhc+ nu"s )*bs csnc )*s0c4 c"E. BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNCS 333
dcc< s+"s <ndh b*c.s )cs c 0+su*+: ch s+ nu )l+ chsc+% sc *c *hg% 4s% dsn <ndh b*h3s% <3s hDung du40hns 6. Sdblul n" h* /*ch s+"& /hd+"n 2h3+ )c scul) b*ul ch*c &"h 2+u*s % nscs <ndh b*h ul )c bsnc2+c+ b*ul s+u% <n bchs. Mh*c sub sls h c h d+*us*ss(% s+ cbs c )u3sn 4s s+ 2sc db*s + 0ul % ch s+ 2sc 4s 0hs 0ul )*c3us +. 7BA. 1ss "crcu *n #hrd%6 cbn *h b+d+*hnslb*% <nc+)+3<nh3slb*% <ng<02h3slb* 4s u u*b* sbsu*slb* dc )*b4 s. Undc )us c+ s<n 0ul3s% 4s cu0sn3cnsh c s+ nu c )us cu cs. Zslnsc <nh*0ch.+" c cu g<ndu*s 2c*0c <n bglsndh h cn3scs hlc% 4s hs 2cl /cs bs*us hnhnghsslc )*bs scs: chsb.usc4 c cu luh*c"h0sn c 4s nu"3s /cs cC)unc *c)u h3sh unb* *sscu*s /ulgh*c? b+*bh ul )us <n gh*d+ dc cu0sn3cnsc nu /h 2s dbbb*< dc bb*+.nscsc. D*u0ul *clh3sslb* b0cnc4 s c hnc/bsbs% 2ssnd )lsn dc s <ncs hlc dssc*cds +*ss: bcbls*ch lb* <nsch0n+ ssgu*hn3+% cbnsul <ndu"& )c Ulssc <n sscussn3+. Dc 0h*c /hlbh*c c"hscs cschs/h sub sl+: 0hs )*csus dc b*scc% sh"b )*sn 2slb s0sc% c+cs c scu* + u*h unsc+ dsn <ncu*c+ u*s. 7B5. Nu h7un#c nscs!dht lh ruptur6 c+cs dsn ch *c)u h3sh scsc b dchunh 4 s*bs +. B*scsnc c bun dc du40hn% nu 4s dc )*sc cn: )u3sns )b 2hcc bsnc% dh* h)*bh)c b3s *+u. #ul u*ul nu g+sc4 c cusb ssgu* nscs chsh* <n s<nul lus Su)s c* dsn .suh c<nd sc cch* + cu un sch*hbcu&? cu ghch*h cclus 2+3s4 h3<3+ 2bcul dsss0ulh3ss% ch*c hbsh h4 c) hu )*slcDul. Dsn h0scss <n*+s3s scs ccs 0hs <n/c*4unh3s snh0scs: 3s"& <ng*cush.+ cu dc2cc clc hl b*h )c ccl )*b)*su 4s )*c2c*h dc snc. Dsn *c ccs cc )*s/csc% 2scch*c /b*bc4 c cu0 ss0 c 4s ss0 c cu0 db*c4 c% bs<ndsndu" s )c b3s% 2sc )cn *u ls)s+ dc )*c/cdc*c% lh <ncc)u % 2sc dc *+bdh*c% lh s2<*4s % 4s dc cu0sn3cnsc% b dchunh. Dhc+
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7BB6 *s h7un# du4"hnss6 C2. Thcs % Hnhlc, S#% &8? >Sc*/scsslc s<n <ns+ bsnc/cns c nu0hs h < c< lc )u c0 *+s)l+ s: c<nd *cc )cs c )u c*slc nbhs *c% <n lbc dc *ccunb4 sn3+% lc *+s)l+ s0 cu u*+ ; *hd. C. Lb/sncscuE. 7BB( su!tslsthtc h drusrss6 C2. B/sdsu% H"!rcs, S% #SSS% A7? >C*cdc 0shs% *cs cs sngcnsbsh dh*c" ;>C*cdc"0+% cs c cu duh ccl ch*c 4 sc s+ dch"% *hd. dc M."#. Pc *cscuE. 7BA& 1ss "crcu *n #hrd6 C2. Dssc., S#% @S#% Br., 68. 8': Crst., &%&&. 7B5 Dultur... schrh!cu... Hlu.sc lh 2hbulh lus Csb)% Dulturul 4s schrh!cul, (% cd. cs .% ). 77. Lh 2cl 4s >ghch*h cclus 2+3s4"% hdsc+ h du40hnulus dcclh*h % ch*c h3<3+ 2bcul 0<nscs h4h cu0 ghch*clc <ns<ngc*h c hlc /ul u*ulus hu s <*ns db*sn3h dc *+.bunh*c h sch*hbculus. C2. Dssc% @SS: Br. 68%&A&%7&5: Crst., &&&%A. 7B57 ! rctrh#crc kru"!hs6 C2. Cr., @S: Br., 68. 334 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNTCS
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7A& Nu pcrsc crh *n pr!stsc6 C2. Br., 7&(: Cscc*b% 1slspscc, @SS% 7? >Cusususs hb0snss cs c**h*c: nullsus nsss snss)scn ss sn c**b*c )c*sc/c*h*c" ;>B*sc+*us b0 <s c dh s+ g*c4chsc+% dh* nu0hs nc<n3clc) ulus s+ )c*sc/c*c.c <n g*c4chl+"E. 7A7& In h s uss6 C2. Br., &95. 7A77 "hs "ult n!r!c dcc*t hrt6 C2. Cscc*b% Dcsprc suprc"ul !snc 4s suprc"ul ru, SS% &9(? >C<nd Ss0bnsdcs shu hl csnc/h <4s cC)unch h* h h0sn s*ss% Tc0ss bclc s)unch? LH4 )*c2c*h h* h us +*ss% c+cs <0s h0sn csc 4s ccch cc nu /*chu s+"0s h0sn csc 4s nu )b us h ccch cc /*chu s+ us M" ; *hd. dc Gh. Cchu4cscuE. 7A76 ...ust" lchcul6 Pcn *u sdcch c+ lchcul su2c*sn3clb* c us h*ch% c2. )*b/c*bul? %JLb Fuc nb scnc *c0cdsb% bl/sdh*lb cs Sb 0cDb*" ;Sbh*bs% >Ccch cc nu h*c lchc c 0hs bsnc"h"& dh us +*ss"E: 4s Scncch% Scrss!rs, @CS#? >Snsu*sh0 *c0cdsu0 cs bbls/sb"% cs h ch /c*s dsn Publslsus S!*us% Ms"s, 7B9? >Lchcul snsul clb* cs c us h*ch" ;cd. cs .% ). 6(& 4s nb h (99E. C< dcs)*c >us h*ch lchculus"% G*hcs1n <nsu4s *s0s c lh su*s+? >Lb)c dc #cgh h s)us? >C+cs c*h us h*ch lchcul% <ns+ lchcul l"h0 us h "% cs h <n Hrtc dc sn#cns!, @@@@% Mhd*sd% &A(7% *ccds h + <n HH"BG. BC% ). &76Bh. #c*su*slc lus Lb)c dc #cgh ;>Guc c*h cl *c0cdsb bl/sdh*% ! bl/sdA"sc0c cl *c0cdsb"E s<n dsn Lh sllhnh dc Gcthkc, S ;Hchd.% sc*sc nbu+% . @% ). 659bE. Sc )h*c c+ MhCs0c Chc/hlsc* nu h cunbscu hcchs + *s0s c*c h lus G*hcs1n% *csdcn s2sc<nd cl <nsu4s su*sh h2s*0h3scs dsn Br., 7A7 ;>G*hcs1n ! lh *hdscsAn b*hl"% Hssphnsc Rc sc@, ((% &'5A% ). 6BBE% dc4s ch cCss h 4s <n RN"BM% ). B9A% nb hS. #c.s 4s HH"BG. BC% ). 777h% nb h &. 7A7( s3! dcsprsndc"6 Sc *c2c*+ lh >0c0b*sc". 7A6& Multc lucrurs h#rch!slc...6 C2. Lsc.% @@#: Br., 5(: CrsL, S% 7.
66A BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNTCS
)cn *u s +)<n% <n *cs % )cn *u s *+sns. Luc*u*slc hl b*h s<n sh/u*h c cu <ndbs + dclcc h*c% hdsc+ 2+*+ ch0h )hgubcs 4s cu )l+cc*ch nbu +3ss. Ls)sh 2hcc b ul 0hs gus bs? )<n+ 4s h)h /ccsnulus 3s"b <nchs)us ncc h* 7. Pbscssunch luc*u*slb*% )c l<ng+ 2h) ul c+ 0sc4b*ch.+ dclcc h*ch% s)b*c4 c su)+*h*ch% h < ch s+ lc dhs% c< 4s s+ nu lc dhs cu <0)*u0u : n"hs hl 2blbs dcc< c+ lc )+s *c.s )cn *u hl3ss% 4s 0hs nu0c*b4s s<n du40hnss cc 3s"s ch)c3s dcc< *ccunbsc+ b*ss. 7A(. Nu h/ch 0slc dc dclshrc%. Sb*3ss <s )lhcc s+ )bcnchsc+ *cnghsu*s% bulucsnd bh c )*slcDu*slc ch s+ c sh )*sn su*)*sndc*c. Sngcnsb.s h ch% cu0sn3cnsh 4s cu*hDul% )<n+ 4s 2*u0usc3ch% *cbusc s+"3s 2sc )u*u*s gh h dc <ncc*ch*c% hl 0sn c*s .suh <nc*cdc*ss <3s /h 2s cch h dssc*cds +*ss: g*sDh% c<nd h 2bs 0hs dc *cbusn3+% h ls)ss b dchunh% c+cs 2h) ul dc h nu c 2s g<nds c hb)ul )scs*ss. Dc bbsccs% s *h hgc0h h cn3scs cclb*lhl3s c s+"3s su*)*snd+ )c*2cc3sunslc )c nc)*cg+ s c% )cn *u cCh0cnul *sgu*bs hl h)*ccsc*ss: .slclc dc bs cn h3sc s<n 4 su c% 4s /sclcnsh lc sh*c% dh* bc0hs .suh lh ch*c c h4 c) hs 0hs )u3sn 4s"b hlcgc )cn *u )*bbh*ch /hlb*ss. 7AB. *n h s3s s!lscss pc su!hltcrns%6 B sblscs h*c s/s + lh s0) s"h 2+cu )c 0ul3s )c*sbhnc% h4h cu0 un )c*scbl dc <ncc scbh c <nb + b*s. Mul3s 4s"hu dcscb)c*s hs 2cl cu*hDul 4s chsh* 4 ssn3h% ch*c hl 0sn c*s lc"h* 2s *+0hs <ng*b)h c <n s2sscsunc% dhc+ nu ls s"h* 2s b2c*s )*slcDul. Hnhnghsslc s<n bch.ss dc *c)u h3sc% 4s nbbslul% )us <n ss uh3ss c*s scc )cn *u bnbh*c% hc3sbnch.+ c< b 0sc. Ch blsch *cgsn+ Sshbclh 7 h cunbscu c0sncn hcchs + lcc3sc h sblscs +*ss% ch 4s )c bh c cclclhl c% 4s bc0hs hccs us hh <* )bls sc s"h dh b*h Mh*clc C+)s hn *cnu0clc s+u% 4s 0ul3s hl3ss 2hs0h lb* /c4nsc+? h 2+cu 0h*s bh0cns cu hcchs + sub sls h c.
7A'. 1!l!sc4tc3s n!uthtch%6 c+cs c< + /*c0c /cs 2s nbu% /cs 2s s s0h . Nbu h ch )lhcc% dh b*s + /h*sc +3ss% )*c u sndcns% gus ul sc <0)*bs)+ ch.+ 4s b 0cdsbc*s h c nbu"nbu3+ c 0hs )*c3us + dcc< un 0s*hcbl bbs4nus . Chls +3slc c0sncn c sc bccsc 4s"0b+ *<ncsc *c)cdc. s nb ch.+ c+ )u3sn /h du*h glb*sh nbu +3ss? du)+ )h *u .slc7% ns0cns n"b /h 0hs *cs)cc h. <n/h3+ dccs s+ c 2blbsc4 s dc *u2hndhlclc )*c3us*ss 4s scbh c"n 2ugh dclcc +*ss b cc s"h* )u ch )*c sndc% dcbh*ccc% b dh + *ccu + c+ldu*h hc uhls +3ss% )hssunch sc /h *+cs% 4s dclcc h*ch nbulus sc /h )*c2hcc <n )lsc ssul bbs4nus ulus. s 2ss <nc*cdsn3h c+ bh c 4s"hu h/u *<ndul% 4s lc"h *ccu .
759. Nu c!ndh"nh ssn#ur ccch cc plhcc "ult!rh%. C cc/h bun% dc /*c0c cc"s sh ss2hcc )c"h <3sh% 4s% cu bh c c+ nu c cC)lsch % c sh/u*h . Ssngulh*s h ch c b dchunh bdsbhs+% sh* c<nd c c*bnh +% *sdscbl+: /h dssc*cds h 0hs dcg*hb+ b)snsh h )*bhs + dcc< bbscc ul cs? /cs *+0<nc ssngu* cu )*bs ul +u gus . Dhc+ nu 4 ss s+ dhs dc cc"s bun. hscundc"3s 0+*gsns*ch 4s nu cbndh0nh cu hu* h% c+cs )*bs ul gus nh4 c dc bbsccs dsn sgnb*hn3+. Cc s)un b3s shu cs c shu /h s+ 2sc. 75&. Csnc 4tsc pusn s r"*n "crcu Sh cc c "hs ss#ur *n !rscc pr!kcssc %6 c+cs dc4s nu /h 2s cbnssdc*h sub sl% /h 2s sbcb s d*c) c0csnsc. Csnc 4 sc sc )bh c h/cn u*h 4s luc*h du)+ 2hn c.sc% dh* h 4 s )u3sn 4s h *ssch <nsch0n+ )*+bu4s*c /blun h*+. snc 0c*cu d*u0ul dsn d*ch) h% c+cs nu sc )bh c s+ ls)schsc+ *+snscsh. Lh 4 ssn3+ )u3sn+% d*u0 *cghl: 4s% du)+ b*scc lcgc% h < h 4 ssn3cs c< 4s h nc4 ssn3cs% ssgu*hn3h c 0hs cu0sn c dcc< ssngulh*s h ch.
757& Dsndc lucrurslc cu prc dc curtcnsc6 C2. Br., &&8%77A. 756& *nclc#crch ksrsl!r...6 Ck. Dssc% @@SS: Br., 89: CrsL, &%&7: H% &&. 7567 Cun!sc*nd... "!ts ul su6 K*h.+ cbn2u.+ <n b*sgsnhl? >Cbnbcsdh bscn lh chush% sc cbnbcc cl c2cc b% hn cs cn cllh ! dcs)uc"s cn su 0b s/b". Cbn2u.sh c hg*h/h + dc bsnc 4 su h s0)*ccs.sc h hdDcc s/ulus )bscss/ s)hnsbl% nc*c.ul <nd cu clh*s h c ch*c cs c hn cccdcn ul lus >su" dsn >cn su 0b s/b". H0 )+s *h cchs/bcul 4s <n *hducc*c. RN"BM% ). B78% nb h (% sc*sc? >Dc4s bh*ccu0 ncclh*% /*ch s+ s)un+% du)+ cu0 <n3clcg% c+ <n chu.+ sc cunbh4 c 0hs <n <s c2cc ul ch*c *cbusc s+"s succchd+% sh* h)bs sc *ccunbh4 c sn cn3sh $cl dcss#ns!) <n c2cc ." 75(& S hs htrhcts sthtc6 C2. Cr., @SS: Br., &(%7A5. 75(7 su!srch ps!hs6 #c.s 0hs sus nb h &&7&. 340 BRHCBLUL MHNUHL S HRTH PRUDCNTCS
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343
75'. Mcs ! 0sccrc lh c!ntrh0sccrc%. Sc cu/snc s+ dcbscbs0 c<nd )*b/snc dsn s hbsls h c shu /ulgh*s h c: nu"s b dchunh <nc+)+3<nh"*c% uncb*s c /sclcnsc. H cn3sc% dh*% s+ nu ch.s <n )*s0h 4s nscs s+ nu dcch.s <n cchlhl +. Nu c )h.+ 0hs /s ch.+ ch dc sscbhdc% sh* cbn *h 4)c*hclulus cugc clb* nu"s cbn *h c* s) 0hs bun dcc< s+ lh4s )c dsn+un *u chcsh )*cchu3scs. 789. B" lchl. S"h dus )u* h*ch bncs +% <ndh b*s*slc s<n dc.0sn3s c% s<n )u3snc bunc <n3clcgc*s? lh ccl 0hs bun sc*/scsu% ccl 0hs *+u )lbcbn% cu0 4s"n lu0ch bh +"s 0bdh &. S<n nh3ss% <n b hls h ch lb* cu )*b)cnssunc s)*c *h)b* u*s *clc? lh unclc c 0c*cu dc c0u *+dh*ch% lh hl clc ncs h b*nscsh% 4s lh hl clc h0+gs*ch. Rchuh <n3clcgc*c h cclb*lhl3s sluDchsc+% h4hdh*% nu )cn *u s0s h*c% cs )cn *u )*c/cns*c: )*c.sn + *sscul dc h .d*uncsnh sn cg*s h ch lh s)cc hcblul )*bccdculus 0<*4h/. B+*bh ul lchl nu us + <ns+ nscsbdh + csnc cs c c<nd /cdc cu0 s<n ccslhl3s. 78&. Hpr!!hrch prsccpusl!r%. Mhs )*c3sbs c dh"ul *ccc hl unus b+*bh cCcc)3sbnhl dcc< bh c h)lhu.clc dc *<nd% 2ssndc+ *<g<sclslc dc u*lushl+ 7 nu <nsu2lc3csc. <n3clc)3ss /b*bcsc cu sn clsgcn3h 6% d*c) ch*c lhudh lb* )*bducc b sh ss2hc3sc nc0u*s bh*c. Judscsbsul Hn s"gbnbs 4s"h *cdus <n *cgul ch *u hl 2hs0cs shlc dbh* lh Zcnbn(% sh*
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lh )<snch 2+cu + dsn 2+sn+ dc g**<g<scls dc 3+*hns g*bsblhn h*+ns3s". T*hducc*ch )*b)us+ dc nbs )b cn3ch.+ hccs c s0)lsch3ss hlc cC ulus% b2c*snd 4s )bssbsls h ch unus chlh0bu* cb0)cnsh b* $urlushl = url). 78&6 !r!csc cu sntcls#cn, nu cu *<g<scls% ch /ulgul. 78&( Hnts#!n!s... <cn!n6 C /b*bh dc *cgclc Mhccdbnscs Hn sgbnbs Gbnh hs ;c. 679"76' <. C*.E 4s dc 2slb.b2ul Zcnbn dsn Cs sbn ;c. 66A"c. 7A( <. C*.E% 2bndh b*ul 4cblss s bscc% )c ch*c ccl dsn <s <l )*c3ush 4s hd0s*h <n 0bd dcbscbs % d*c) ch*c lh 0bh* ch lus% Hn sgbnbs s"h )l<ns c+ h )sc*du >ccl 0hs 0h*c s)cc hcbl"% /c.s Dsbgcncs Lhc* sbs% !p. cst, #SS% A"'%&6"&B% cd. cs .% )). 66&"667 4s 666.
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bsnclus. <n chcs sunslc Dudcc+3ss c )c*sculbhs+ )*sn )h*hdbC: <n cclc hlc sngcnsb.s +3ss% l+udhbsl+: 4s% dhc+"s ns0c*s c 4s unh% 4s hl h% h)lhudhbslc6. 78(. Nu ks ncp!ktst%6 4s nu /cs 2s dcscbnssdc*h . S s0ch.+" c dhc+ /*cs s+ 2ss s s0h . Kss 0hs cu*<nd .g<*cs dcc< *sss)s b* cu snc: 2+" c db*s 4s /cs 2s bsnc )*s0s : nscsbdh + nu /cns dcc< chc0h % nscs nu c ducc dcc< *s0ss. Csnc sc h0cs cc+ dc ch)ul lus% dhc+ scsc )*bs % <4s h *hgc hsu)*+"s bh + u*h% 4s dhc+ scsc bsnc% nu dbb<ndc4 c *ccunb4 sn3+. Nc)b2 s ul c 3sn + )cn *u dss)*c3us*s 4s% bc0hs )cn *u c+ sc /<*+ cu s0)c* sncn3+% c cbnccdsh cu *u4snh*c. 78B. Nu pscrs dc nckcrscsrch hltush%. Cunbh4 c"& )c ccl <nglbdh 4s *c3snc c+ c /h sblscs h ch s+ /+ cbnsblh3s dc *+ul cb0un. Cs chu + bh0cns ch*c s+"s hDu c s+"4s <ndu*c nc2c*scs*ch% 4s ccs ch*c lh bsnc <3s <n b*cchu s)h clc% <3s <n snd hcu0 0<nh. C nc/bsc dc 0ul hc cu ccs cc sc <nchc+% s)*c h"s )u ch shl/h 2+*+"h c )*s0cDdus. 78A. Nu tc lsh *ndht!rht dct!t, nscs dc t!s%6 c+cs h* <nsc0nh s+ 2ss sclh/% 4s <nc+ bb4 csc. Unss s"hu n+scu 0hs nb*bcb4s dcc< hl3ss: hccsh ch s+ 2hc+ bsnclc% sh* hcc4 sh ch s+"& )*s0chsc+. Mhs )*c3sbhs+ c lsbc* h ch dcc< dh*ul% c+cs sc )sc*dc. C )*c2c*hbsl s+ dc)snd+ 0ul3s hl3ss dc snc dcc< s+ dc)sn.s u dc unul ssngu*. Pu c*ch n" h*c hl 2blbs dcc< )u sn3h dc"h 2hcc 0hs 0ul bsnc. Mhs hlcs% nu luh d*c) hh <* bblsgh3sh )c ch*c 3s"b hsu0s: 4s dc cclc 0hs 0ul c b*s sc /h g*+bs s+ 3s"b s0)un+ /sclcnsh cclb*lhl3s% ch s+ c )*snd+. 785. Nscs!dht nu hcs!nh pts"h4%6 /cs *h h b ul. Csnc nu"s s +)<n )c ssnc s+ nu 2hc+ ns0sc dc unul ssngu*% c+cs )h s0h hlung+ b dchunh *h3sunch: subs s usc"3s h uncs un 0cdsh b* )*udcn % ch*c h4h /h 2s% dhc+ nc)+ s0h4: b dchunh ccs cc hsss + /+d 0hs 0ul dcc< ccs cc Dbhc+% 2ssndc+ nu sc )hssbnch.+. Dhc+ c ss03s )b*ns % cu0sn3cnsh sunc *c *hgc*ch% )cn *u ch s<ngclc s+ nu h)ucc"h 2sc*bc"n snc% hl 0sn c*s /cs 2hcc b ul s<ngc*bs 4s"n scu* s0) /cs dh h*hn+ 0ul b* .slc dc *u4snh*c )*b)*sc 4s dc clc/c s*c s *+sn+.
788. Trsc4tc dup prslc7%. Gu/c*nh*ch% cugc h*ch% b ul s+ 2sc du)+ ch.: /bsc4 c c<nd sc )bh c% c+cs s0)ul 4s" hnb s0)ul nu h4 ch) +. Nu u0blh cu gcnc*hls +3s% 2+*+ nu0hs <n 2h/bh*ch /s* u3ss% nscs nu sb0h cu lcgs d*hs scc /bsn3h% c+cs 0<snc /h *cbus s+ bcs dsn h)h )c ch*c h.s b dss)*c3usc4 s7. S<n unss h < dc sucs s0)c* sncn3s% <nc< )*c snd ch bh c cs*cu0s hn3clc succcsulus s+ sc dch du)+ 0hnsh lb*% 4s nu sn/c*s. <n3clc) ul 4 sc <ns+ c+ nb*dul )*udcn3cs c cb0)b* h*ch du)+ )*slcD. 78'. Ccl "hs "hrc sts#"ht hl unus !"%6 cs c"h dh db/c.s c+"s b0: ccslhl3s <ncc ch.+ h"& 0hs cbnssdc*h ds/sn dsn .suh"n ch*c"& /+d )*chb0cncsc. U4u*+ h ch c ccl 0hs 0h*c cbn *hs hl *c)u h3scs. H4h cu0 b+*bh ul *c.c*/h c sbcb s 0hs 0ul dcc< b0% b h4h ccl u4u*h sc 0hs )u3sn dcc< b0. Nu"s /scsu 0hs dssc*cds hn % 2ssndc+ u4u*+ h ch sc b)unc ds*cc g*h/s +3ss: b0ul u4u*h sc nu )bh c 2s cu 0sc.% 4s 0hs hlcs dhc+"s b+ *<n% c<nd /<*s h"& bblsg+ lh cu0sn3cnsc. s cu bh c c+ s sg0h ul hccs h c hl h < dc 0ul b*h% 2h) ul nu"& b)*c4 c s+ 2sc ncbbs4nus dc dssc*cds h . 7'9. C ! kcrscsrc s *"!sns sts"h cu hkccsunch%6 nu 2s )*ch subs % ch s+"3s )+s *c.s *cs)cc ul. Subs*ch c 0hs c0c*h*+ dcc< u*h?
7'& *n h s c-h"snc0s6 C2. Dssc, @S@: Crst., SS% (% )cn *u )*c2c*sn3h hcb*dh + dc G*hcs1n 4 ssn3clb* 0b*hlc 2h3+ dc cclc nh u*hlc. 7'&7 dup !r!src pcrs!hnclc6 Ck. cC)*cssh )*b/c*bshl+ lh snchsc+... >LbFuc*c u c cbgnbsch0" ;>#b*bc4 c ch s+ c cunbsc"E. :2: Nhturh pr!prsc...? C2. Dssc., SS: Br., ('% &97% &87. 7'77 "hs "hrc !" dcc*t prsncspc6 Nu sc cunbh4 c su*sh hccs cs h2s*0h3ss h lus Hugus us. Kb*0ulh*ch lus G*hcs1n h* 2s% du)+ Rb0c*h Nh/h**b ;RN"BM% ). BA'E% cbnclu.sh lh ch*c h* 2s )u u hDungc du)+ lcc u*h hu bbsbg*h2scs <0)+*h ulus% Rcs #csthc d" Hu#usts, snclus+ <n Hsst!rsh R!"hnh dc C. #cllcsus Ph c*culus. 7'6& Dcsprc "htursthtc6 C2. Dssc% @#SS: Br., A%B5. Bh llb*s 4s Pc*hl h sus3sn c+ su*sh cch 0hs ds*cc + h hccs us h2b*ss0 b cbns s usc h4h" nu0s clc Rc#uls dc "!dcstsc hlc lus Sgnhcsb dc Lb!blh $M!nu"cnth s#nhtshnh, Rc#ulhc, Rb0h% &'(8. )). B&8"B79E. 7'67...s "!rh urs6 C2. Cscc*b% Dc !rhl!rc, SSS% B'? >Hns0s cs c*h0 b0nss hc sb c s0hgb hns0s /ul us" ;>B*scc 2h) + c <n *"hdc/+* s0hgsnch su2lc ulus% 4s h su2lc ulus% chs)ul"E: 4s Ssr., &'%7A"75? >Dsn /cdc*c sc cunbh4 c b0ul% 4s dsn chs)ul 2c3cs sc cunbh4 c ccl <n3clc) . <0b*+c+0sn ch b0ulus% dc./cls*ch dsn3slb*% c<nd *<dc% 4s c+lc+ u*h lus /cs csc cc cs c <n cl."
347
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4s dhc+ Kccsbh*h% s)*c h .+0ssls b ssngu*+ dh + Cu/<n ul C c*n% sc )*cg+ c4 c dc"h < ch b*s% u% ch s+"& )*s0c4 s dc"h < ch% chu + s+ 3s"b )*c)h*s )c"hcchs h. PUNCTUL 7 Ch s tc cu"snccs Hccs cs )*cg+ s*s dc"b /sh3+ s"h cb*cs)uns 4s cch h )*slcDulus. Dbh0nh hcchs h c*h sus *hs+ .h*/cs b0cnc4 s% cbnshc*h + cCcluss/ sbcsc +3ss du0nc.csc4 s% h4h<nc< % *c *hs+ dsn lu0c% sn *bdus+ <n cc*% h 2bs nc/dsc ch <ngc*ul% s)*c"h b c+u h% s+ sn *c <n sh hcu"s hscuns 4s s+ bh + lh hsns3h sns0ss shlc: dc *cs b*s h shlu h "b )cn *u ch ch s+ *+s)und+ b dh +% <n *"h < h c*h dc )sc*du + <n ssnch"s% <n *"h < h dc cu2undh + <n cucc*nscsh sh. #+l )cs c 2*u0usc3c <s c*h 0bdcs sh 2ccsb*clnsc+% sh* )*udcn h s2shl+% .sd hl csns cs. Us0s b shlu + <ngc*ul. ulbu*h +"& hscul + M+*sh% ch ch*c 4s s)s*s clb* lc )bh c dh lcc3ss dc nc)*sh+ns*c. S2<n ul Bsnc/cs s b* b <0bsc c+ *c 0h c*ns h ch ds/sn+% sh* ch sc <ng*sDc4 c dc ssgu*hn3h 2ccsb*scs shlc: sc s2sc4 c s+ s)un+ dh cclcs 0hs <nhl c 0+*c3ss 4s hccc) + nu s+ 2sc *cgsn+% cs *bhb+% <n 2scch*c cu/<n h4 c) <nd un )*bdsgsu 4s"n 2scch*c 2h) + b cul0c. #snb% su2lc c% 4s sh lcc3ss dc /s* u3s% s udsh.+ dcs+/<*4s*s% cb)sh.+ b*sgsnhlul hccs h hdc/+*h hl 0bdulus cu0 s+"& )*s0c4 s )c Du0nc.cul +u: sh sch0h cu c< + u0slsn3+ *cbusc s+ c h)*b)ss% cu c< + /cnc*h3sc s+ c <n2+3s4c.s. Cc subs*c )*c/+.+ bh*cQ Cc c0c*c <nc*c.+ bh*cQ Dhc+ Kccsbh*h% h < dc cb)lc4s + dc dcs+/<*4s*s% sc <ndbsc4 c% dhc+ ch. )lsn+ dc hh*u*s% sc c0c% 4s dhc+ )c ch c nc/bsc s"b <n +*chsc+ hcclh cc c 2b* +*ch3h lus Du0nc.cu% u% h < dc gbl dc /s* u3s% duhnsnd h )+ch c% cu0 bh*c c <ncu0c3s s+"& g+.dusc4 s <n )sc) ul +u )c Du0nc.cul ccl sn2sns 4s s0cnsO Cu0)+nc4 c cc hlc+ us*c /h 2s dc hDuns% cc nc)*sh+ns*c )c 0+su*+Q P*cg+ c4 c"3s% h4hdh*% sns0h% dhc+ nu cu dcs+/<*4s*ch )c ch*c"b dh b*c.s% cu hh*ul )c ch*c"& /cs 2s dbb<ndsnd. PUNCTUL 6 Dc k!l!s dup cu"sncchrc <n )*chcu*h ul Cb* hl Hh*ulus% )c hccs *bn subls0 hl u u*b* /s* u3slb*% ch)+ + *u) Cu/<n ul ccl #c4nsc: hscs sc hb*c/sh.+ 0h*clc Du0nc.cu ch*c nu"nch)c nscs <n Cc*u*slc Cc*u*slb*% sh* cch ch*c c*h )lsn+ dc hh*% *+0hs"h )lsn+ dc c/lh/sc: dc <ndh + cc"& /h 2s *ccunbscu <n )*chcu*h3ss s+s *+*unchs )c Du0nc.cul Ksul
s+u% 2+*+ dbh* 4s )bh c c+ su2lc ul% hsss h dc bh c 2hcul +3slc shlc% s sc /h 2s )*bs c*nh % hdb*<ndu"& 4s <nchsn<ndu"sc cu b ul )*ch0+*s*ss 4s subs*ss lus: sn clcc ul 2hscsnh % cbn c0)l<nd s0cnsh 0+*c3sc
*cdus+ lh s *10 bh*ch unus *u)u4b*: /bsn3h% <n2l+c+*<ndu"sc dc subs*ch ncs2<*4s cs bun+ +3s cb0unsch c: 0c0b*sh% *cch)s ul<ndu"s nccbn cns 0slbs cnsslc: s0hgsnh3sh% *c)*c.cn <ndu"& u0hn 4s sh/u*<ndu"& ds/sn: cclclhl c ss03u*s cC c*sbh*c% sus *+g<ndu"sc h2cc3sunss )cn *u <ndclc nscs*slc s *+snc% sc /b* 2s cu2undh )h*c+ <n Du0nc.cul hcu0 scnssbsl: bchss sslsndu"sc s+"& /hd+% u*cchslc <ncc*c<nd s+"& hscul c% b*h3clc cu)*sn.<ndu"& 4s bu.clc )ccc lu"sndu"& <n gsngh4h"s <nb0cns*c. <n *u hcchs + s0s h*c s+"3s 2sc s *+dhnsh% b% su2lc c hl 0cu% du)+ cc c"hs cu0sncch % c<nd <l hs <n )sc) ul +u% <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h % )c <nsu4s Du0nc.cul 4s Db0nul: hls)c4 c" c lus% hDu +"& cu g*sDs dc )*ch0+*s*c% hdunc"3s"sc lh un lbc bh c )u c*slc ch s+"& sluDchsc+ 4s bh c 2hcul +3slc ch s+"& hdb*c. C<4 sg+"s <n 2sc*bsn c cbn c0)lh*c )*chdulcslc cbn/b*bs*s% )*chdulcslc hlsn u*s )c ch*c lc *c)c h Kccsbh*h cu Du0nc.cul s+u Ksu <nchss <n *"<nsh. PUNCTUL ( Ch ss "ulu"c4ts Dbh0nh hcchs h h <n+l3h c<n ccc dc 0ul3u0s*c lus Du0nc.cu )c 0hlul nbshnulus dc 0slbs cnss cu 0hs 0ul + 0+*c3sc dcc< cchlhl + M+*sc% sb*h lus Mbssc% lh 3+*0ul M+*ss Rb4ss. #h 2s <ncc)u nu0hsdcc< s+"4s /+dchsc+ 0snunslc% c+cs ccch cc s"h )*cscu* h )<n ccclc s"h 0+*s cugc ul. Pb2 c4 c bh c gcnc*h3sslc s+ b hDu c s+ hduc+ 0ul3u0s*s uns/c*shlclb* 0slbs cnss% s+ )*ch0+*chsc+ nu0clc ccl s2<n hl Db0nulus. Pu*ccdc h)bs s+ /c4nscchsc+ dsn nch0 <n nch0u*s bsnccu/<n +*slc du0nc.csc4 s% cu lhudc *ccunbsc+ bh*c% sh* h)bs% <n b*c<ndu"sc <n s0)% )cn *u ch b3s ccs du4s% )*c.cn3ss 4s /ss b*ss s+"& )*ch0+*chsc+ )c Db0nul% <l *c.c4 c )c H/*hh0 4s s+0<n3h lus% ch s+ *ccunbhsc+ 4s s+ sl+/chsc+ 0h*clc cu/<n hl lus Du0nc.cu% <0)lsns dc <ndh + cc s"h <n *u)h : h4h 0ul3u0c4 c Mhsch Kccsbh*+ )cn *u c+ &"h .+0ssls )c Du0nc.cul ccl nc0+*gsns . R+sun<nd% h4hdh*% dc c<n ccc h<< dc *ccunbsc+ bh*c% nu *+0<nc 0u % su2lc c hl 0cu% 4s% dcbh*ccc l"hs )*s0s )c Du0nc.cu <nsu4s% h)lhud+ cu glhs dc cCul h*c 4s cChl h*c% cu0 *cbusc s+ sc 2hc+ hu.s3s hsc0cnch bhs)c3s: 2blbschsc+"sc gu*h 4s ls0bh <ndulcs c cu b h*hn+ h2< dc s2<n + <n *u dulcslc"s lhudc. C<n +"s h.s Db0nulus c<n h*c nbu+ )cn *u h < dc nbs hh <*u*s% 4s <n *cgchsch sh )*c.cn3+ b l+un *ul +u s+ sc cbnshc*c s +*us b* )*ch0+*s*ss shlc% <n b3s /ccss /ccslb*. H0sn.

PUNCTUL & Cugc + lh ncs+bus ul Rsss)s b*% c+.u dsn cch 0hs 0h*c 2c*scs*c <n cch 0hs 0h*c nc2c*scs*c% ch s+ lc ss0 + 4s 0hs 0ul cC *c0clc? dsn chsh h +lus s+u <n sluDbh unus s*hn% b)lb4s <n *"b cbcsbhb+ 0s.c*+% s2<*4s dc 2bh0c% <ncbl3s dc gblscsunc% chsnus dc *ss c3c% )s.0usndu"lc h*hnh Dbsnsc+ cclb* 0hs nccu*h c hns0hlc% 2+*+ h"s 2s <ng+dus + nscs 0+ch* ch. <4s h0sn c4 c h uncs dc 0hsh <0bcl4ugh + h )+*sn clus s+u 4s% 0s4ch % dc )<snch cch gus bhs+ ch*c )<h+ 4s h*gh3slb* lc )*ssbsc4 c. #+.<ndu"sc 2l+0<nd dc ch% sc sh u*+ cu lhc*s0s% <ncc)u hl lccus*ss lus% dcbh*ccc clc 2hc s+"s *c<n/c*.chsc+ n+dcDdslc: <nc*c.+ b* <n d*hgbs ch )+*sn chsc+% nscsbdh + s0uls+ dsn *+d+csn+% sc dccsdc s+ sc <n bh*c+ hcblb 4s s+ sn *c )c )b*3slc )u*u*ch dcschssc hlc cc*ulus cs. P*s/c4 c" c ch )c hl Rsss)s b*% bh chsh* 0hs ncnb*bcs % dc /*c0c cc% )+*+ssndu"3s chsh Db0nulus 4s 0hsh )+*sn clus +u% nc2c*scs*ch h c"h <0)sns s+ *bbc4 s )b2 clb* hlc% s*hns hs)*s 4s c*u.s. Cu0)+nc4 c c< dc )u3sn 0ul3u0csc dcs2+ +*slc% c< dc )u3sn sh u*+ dc4c* +csunslc% dc4s 0ul u02l+. Pl<ngc"3s ncnb*bcul dc h"3s 2s schs0bh hh <*u*slc 2sulus lus Du0nc.cu )c dss)*c3u*slc unus sclh/ hl Sh hncs. Scbh c dc hscs b hdc/+*h + dc.h0+gs*c% dss)*c3usnd b cc c lu0c% )*c3usnd b cc c Cc*% 4s% cu hb +*1*c /s ch.+% <n bh*"cc" c 0hs dcg*hb+ h.s dcc< 0<snc lh chsh Du0nc.culus +u 4s lh 0hsh bunulus +u P+*sn c. PUNCTUL 7 Hb +*< s+ sc <n bh*c+ <n ccn *ul )+*sn csc% 2sul dc.h0+gs sc )*cg+ c4 c cu du*c*c s+ sc h)*b)sc dc 0<ng<sc*c. <4s /snc 0hs <n <s <n 2s*c% c+cs )<n+ 4s dc ssnc <nsu4s <n *"h < h sc <ns *+snhsc. <ncc)c
)*sn h"4s *ccunbh4 c Dbsnscsh <n 2h3h cclcs 0hs <nhl c 0+*c3ss 4s sc <0b*hc+ <n *"b <nc*cdc*c nchb+ u +% c+cs% chsh* dhc+ cl c 2su *+u% h*c h + bun 4s% hDu b*h dc *u4snh*ch du*c*bhs+% sc h)*b)sc% 0+* u*sssndu"4s sl+bscsunch 4s nc4 ssn3h: <ncc)c cu hcch /b*b+ dusbhs+? >Th +": u*0ch.+? >H0 )+c+ us <0)b *s/h Cc*ulus 4s <0)b *s/h h." Cc su c"& hudc )+*sn clc 0slbs cnsslb* 4s sh*c s+"& <n <0)snc% 0hs dcg*hb+ <n *+*unchss dcc< <n b*h3clc shlcQ Nu sc sc<*bc4 c c+ c .d*cn3+*bs% nscs nu"& 0us *+ c+ h g*c4s : <l hscundc% dh% <n b*h3clc shlc% )cn *u ch nscs slugslc s+
nu"s 2sc *+bbDu*s hlc ncnb*bcs*ss: 4s% cu bh c c+ nc/bsh dc 0<nch*c c*h cch 0hs g*bh.nsc+% sc <ng*sDc4 c dc cu/ssn3+ 4s )b*uncc4 c s+ s sc hduc+ s *hsc nbs d*c) sc0n dc /sh3+ nbu+: <s )b *s/c4 c snclul dc hu* <n dcgc % ch *cs s us*c h nbblc3cs shlc <n snh c% 4s% du)+ cc"& /cdc c+ nu sc dc.scc ch 2su hl s+u% <l )unc lh 0hsh lus 4s% <0b*+ch dc s+*b+ bh*c% <l bs)c3c4 c. Cu0)+nc4 c u hcu0h% cu cc hb +*<*c h* *cbus s+ c *sdscs dsn )*+)hs sh dc sc+lb4ss <n ch*c c"hu <ncch /snslc: cc *cbusc s+ 2hcs% cu hdc/+*h + s0c*cnsc% ch s+ u*cs lh chsh 0h*clus +u P+*sn c% cu cc )bdbhb+ c4 s dh b* s+ c h4c.s lh 0hsh <ngc*slb*% 2+*+ h 0hs <*< du)+ snc 2sh*clc )+ch clb* hlc% dc.lcgh dc clc% dh% )*sn *"b bun+ s)b/cdhnsc: <0b*+ch <n s *hsul )*c3sbs 4s s+*b+ b*csc hl hh*ulus% cu snclul subs*ss cclcs nbbslc <n dcgc 4s cu bbgh clc gsu/hsc*c hlc /s* u3slb*% chu + s+ bb3ss h < dc s2sn clc hh <*u*s. PUNCTUL 6 Du)+ cc"& /cdc <ng*sDs % 0h*clc h + hl 0slbs cnsslb* bsnc/bsc4 c h"& h4c.h lh 0hsh lus 4s% ch s+"s )b blchsc+ 2bh0ch cch 0h*c% )b*uncc4 c s+ 2sc <nDunghsh ccl 0hs h*+ bs /s3clu4 dsn cs*c.slc shlc 4s% h4h <n *cg% 2*s) lh 2bcul d*hgbs cs% s+"s 2sc )us <nhsn c. H )*sns s+ bs)+ c.c cu b h < h )l+cc*c c< + )b2 + ss03ch? 0<nch*ch c*h gus bhs+% nc/bsh dc ch 0h*c. Cu c< + )l+cc*c /h 2s 0<nch Q B% cu0 <4s /h 0hs 2s lsns dcgc clcQ Bunu"s )+*sn c <l /h 2s )*s/s 4s /h 2s s)us? >L+sh3s"& s+ 0+n<ncc% c+cs ccch cc )lhcc h*+nc4 c bsnc: 0hs +sh3s"s% u0)lc3s"s hlc*ul% s+ 0+n<ncc du)+ )b2 h sns0ss 4s s+"s 2sc dc bsnc." #h 2s cunbscu hcu0% <n *"hdc/+*% dcbscbs*ch dsn *c b 0hs+ 4s hl h% dsn *c un 2cl dc 0<nch*c 4s hl ul% sh* du)+ cc"h hDuns h cc*4s cch 0hs Dbsnsc+ h*hn+ h )b*cslb*% cu0 /h 2s )*c3us hcu0 bs)+3ul ccl nbbsl hl <ngc*slb*Q C+cs dhc+ b )sc+ u*+ dc h)+ dc lh 0hsh hcchs h c dc hDuns ch s+ <ndulcchsc+ )<n+ 4s shdul% cc s+ s)us dc bh + )<snch hccch h b h*+ns bh*cO Cu0)+nc4 c u cu c< <3s c 0hs 0h*c 2c*scs*ch% c+cs cu c< <3s cs c 0hsh 0hs s *+lucs +% c<nd% <n lbcul /s3clulus sh/u*bs% <l 0+n<ncs )c <nsu4s Ksul #c4nsculus P+*sn c <0)+* +4s : <n c3c4 c c*cdsn3h 4s s <*ns"/cs 2bh0ch: 0+n<nc+"& cu )l+cc*c 4s"3s /h )*ss: du0sc+"& bsnc 4s"3s /h 2s 0hs gus bs: sh sch0h )*sn cbn c0)lh3sc lh ccch cc 0+n<ncs 4s /cs dbb<nds /sh3+ /c4nsc+. PUNCTUL ( . Pc"h < dc *ccunbsc+ b* /h 2s *+0hs *sss)s b*ul 2h3+ dc h +l s+u% )c c< dc bsnc )*s0s : )c"h < dc )*c3us b* hl 0h*clus bsnc% )c c< dc dc.h0+gs . Cc hb +*<*s /h 2s *bs s % )c c< dc )+ *un.+ bh*c% )c"h < dc hdc/+*h c% dc h nu" 4s 0hs )sc*dc /*cbdh + nscs chsh% nscs 0hsh% 4s"n bsul dcs2+ +*ss cc g*bh.+ /h 2s ss03s lh g<ndul s +*ss sc+lbhsc <n ch*c sc /+.uscQ Cu0 /h 2s luh sch0h s+ nu"& 0hs su)c*c cu ns0sch% h < dsn d*hgbs c 2slshl+% c< 4s dsn <n/+3 dc nc2c*scs Q Sc /h 2s bucu*h cu b3s hs chscs% dc lh 2h/b*s )<n+ lh ss0b*sh4. Cu0 /h 0hs 2s cu0)+ns hh <*ul )+*sn csc 4s cu0 /h 2s )*bsl+/s bs)+3ulQ Cu c< 0hs 0h*s 0ul3u0s*s *cbusc s+ hducs u du)+ cc c"hs cu0sncch % hcu0h% c<nd c /c.s h < dc *+s2+3h Q Kss <n 2c*/bh*c du)+ 2h/bh*c% *sdsc+"3s bchss dc lh 0hs+ lh Cc* 4s *ccc"3s gu*h dc lh sh/u*h*ch lus Du0nc.cu lh s2sn clc"s bshnhlc.

&6
C2. Luch, 5% 7"&9% 4s Mhtcs, 8% 8 4s u*0.
6A7 CUMSNCCTBRUL
)cn *u C*ch b*O s"h dh sch0h c< dc )u3sn )*c3uscsc 0sDlbhcclc b0cnc4 s 2+*+ cclc ds/snc &(% 4s ch h h*c lc s0)lb*+ )c hccs ch cu )*c3us*c 4s dc.h0+gs*c: nu"4s <nc*cdsn3ch.+ s *+dhnsh nc)+s+*ss hl cs slugs 4s nscs cbn/b*bs*ch cu Du0nc.cu nu b lhs+"n sh*csnh hl us 0sDlbcs b*. Cu0)+nc4 c c+ h.s )b*nc4 s u <nsu3s <n c+u h*ch hcclush4s Db0n% dh* nu ch s+ cc*s <ns+n+ b4s*ch uncs slugs% cs )c"hccch h su2lc ulus +u: lus Ssus <nsu4s *cbusc s+"s /b*bc4 s: <nh*0ch.+" c% h4hdh*% cu /s* u3s ch s+ cucc*c4 s ds/snclc"s 0slbs cnss 4s h)*b)sc" c cu s0c*cnsc ch s+ c )*bs c*nc.s <nhsn ch )*c.cn3cs shlc du0nc.csc4 s: )*cg+ c4 c"3s b 0h*c <n2l+c+*h*c h cugc ulus% b d*hgbs c 2sc*bsn c 4s"b hh*nsch s<*gusn3+. PUNCTUL 7 Su h4ul sc h)*b)sc 0slbs s/ 4s Db0nul <l )*s0c4 c h bh cbsnc"/bs b*: c ssgu* c+ h*c <n 0<n+ )u c*ch 4s 2bh* c lh <ndc0<n+ /bsn3h dc h"& lccus. >Dbh0nc% .scc cl% h0 hchs+ b slug+% sl+b+nbhg+% h < dc nc)u sncsbhs+% <nc< nu s" h 2bs cu )u sn3+ s+ /sn+ hscs cu *u)ul% cs dbh* cu ss03s*ch." S"h *+s)uns Db0nul? >Dhc+ cl nu )bh c /cns% 0+ /bs ducc Cu hcblb s+"& /sndcc." Sh sch0h lh ncs2<*4s h bun+ h c h M<n us b*ulus. Nu nu0hs c+"& hscul +% dh* bsnc/bsc4 c s+ sc 4s duc+ lh cl hchs+ s)*c"h b /sndcch )c slug+: *+s)l+ c4 c b 0h*c d*hgbs c cu hl h 4s 0hs 0h*c% ncsu2c*snd ch <n *"hcchs h s+ 2sc <n/sns dc csnc/h. s u )*scc)c c+% h*+ <ndu"3s db*sn3h dc Db0nul% Cl <nsu4s sc /h <ndc0nh s+ sn *c )c )bh* h )sc) ulus +u: l+*gc4 c"3s s<nu*slc su2lc ulus )cn *u hh <*u*slc d*c) cs shlc: dcschsdc gu*h 0h*c ch s+ 3s"b u0)lc cu b h*hn+ h < dc hlchs+. Pb *s/chsc+"sc )*c3us*ch h du)+ bun+ h ch cch 2+*+ dc 0h*gsns: <n c3c4 c"3s db*sn3h ch Db0nul s+ /sn+ lh snc% s+ sn *c <n )sc) ul +u 4s s+"3s <ns+n+ b4chsc+ su2lc ul.
PUNCTUL 6 Us0s dc"h < h b0cnsc du0nc.cshsc+% hsc0usndu"4s ns0scul cu ncs2<*4s h 0+*c3sc% ulus 4s chsh* ulbu*h % Su h4ul cCclh0+? >Dbh0nc% nu s<n /*cdnsc s+ sn *s <n lbcusn3h 0ch s+*0hn+. Tu%
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C2. B*.% 7B&.
MCDSTHSH 6 6A6
364 CUMSNCCTBRUL

PUNCTUL & lh h0sn c lh 2c0csh chnhncchnc+% <4s lhs+ chs+ 4s )h *sc% <nlcsns*s 4s )+ch c% 4s )b*nc4 c% )c c< dc <ndu*c*h +% )c"h < dc s<*gusncsbhs+% h cc*c 0slus*c dc lh <nsu4s s./b*ul hccs csh: s s"hu <n0ul3s 0uncslc 4s hs 2cl s"h s)b*s 4s s *+dhnsh. Hu hDuns )<n+ lh d<nsh ccbu*slc 2h) clb* 0snunh c hlc lus C*ss bs% 4s ch n"h *+0hs su*d+ lh clc: <n cls)+ h /cns s *sg<nd cu s<*g? 0+*ch3+ s h*c su2lc chsc+ s)*c"h sc <n2+3s4h unus Db0n h < dc db*nsc s+ <0)+* +4chsc+ 0<ng<sc*ch 4s lchcul. Cu0)+nc4 c cu0 /snc 2c0csh chnhncchnc+ s0)lb*<nd 0slbs cnsc% )c c<nd u c4 s <0bsh cu ch: )c snc% ch s+ g+sc4 s bh + )<snch Cc*ulus% nu c cbs + h < h c< )c d<nsh b 2u*ns u*+: nu *cbusc s+ )lccs nscs dsn *cgh ul% nscs dsn bh4 sn+ h% nu *cbusc s+ 0c*gs lh ch)+ ul lu0ss ch s+ c <0)+* +4c4 s% dcbh*ccc <n 2scch*c bssc*sc+ <l hs )c Db0nul ccl <0)+* +4s % ch*c c )b2 c4 c. P*c3usc4 c b 2c*scs*c h < dc 0h*c 4s dc lh"ndc0<n+ 4s sslc4 c" c s+ sc4s dsn snc <nsu3s% dsn h0b*ul +u )*b)*su% dsn scb)u*slc g*c4s c hlc uncs sn cn3ss s *<0bc% )cn *u ch bsnclc hccs h du0nc.cscsc s+"3s sn *c nc)b scns <n )sc) : /snb cu b 0h*c )b*ns*c dc c*cdsn3+ c*bsc+% n+dcDdc ncsl+bs +% *ug+csunc s +*us bh*c 4s s<*gusn3+ <n2l+c+*h +. PUNCTUL 7 Chnhncchnc+ s +*usc <n *ug+0sn c 4s Db0nul sc )*c2hcc c+ n"b hudc% bc0hs c<nd <s d+ 0hs 0ul + h cn3sc: <4s <n *c*u)c 0slbs cnsslc% )cn *u ch d<nsh s+"4s 2hc+ 4s 0hs cunbscu c 4s s+"4s *c)c c chsnu*slc% c+cs )cn *u cl c 0u.sc+ sbnb*+ ccch cc h)bs blslb* lc cs c su)+*h*c. Cu0)+nc4 c c< c dc s0)b* hn s+ nu c dcscu*hDc.s <n cCc*cs3sslc dc /s* u c 4s% chsh* dhc+ sluDs b*ul lus Du0nc.cu sc su)+*+ uncb*s 4s hl3ss 0u*0u*+ <0)b *s/h h c+ 0c*gs dcs lh s)b/cdhnss 4s cu0sncc+*s% u s+ nu" 3s )sc*.s cu*hDul 4s s+ nu dhs <nd+*+ : s +*usc
&B
ch Hnh% dc4s dc.h)*bbh + dc Cls&A% c+cs Db0nul nu bs cnc4 c 4s nu sc su)+*+% sh* *ugslc 4s lc sh d*c) dcs2+ +*s 4s d*c) bdshn+ 4cdc*ch <n )sc) ul cclus cc sc cu0sncc+: sh )sld+ dc )c*sc/c*cn3+ dc lh hcchs + 2c0csc <n2l+c+*h +% ch s+ nu c sn s0sdc.s cu ls)sc dc cu*hD% 4s"3s /cs <ncununh 2h) clc.
PUNCTUL 6 Db0nul cbn snu+ h"s )unc lh <ncc*ch*c /s* u ch <n c*cu.c ul dc )*bb+% )cn *u ch hu*ul c*cdsn3cs s+ s sc l+0u*chsc+ 0hs s *+lucs b*% *+bdh*ch s+"s *bnc.c 4s s0c*cnsh s+ s sc *clsc2c.c 4s 0hs 0ul : sh* c<nd <s )lhcc s"b hsb+ <n .h)*b)sc*ch sh% h uncs .scc? %%Du" c% c+ nu cs c bsnc s+ h*uncs c<snslb* )<snch cb)sslb*." B*scsnc s"h* dcscu*hDh <n 2h3h unb* h h*c sc0nc dc ds.g*h3sc% dh* 2c0csh chnhncchnc+ c h < dc dc)h* c dc h sc ss03s b2cnsh +. <nc< sc u0slc4 c 4s 0hs /<* bs: hs)*s0slc lus Du0nc.cu n"b s)c*sc )c cch ch*c 4 sc cc"nsch0n+ bh Dbcu*slc dsh/blulus? nu ss0 c dss)*c3u*slc% ch% ch*c"4s cunbh4 c g*c4clslc% <n bh*cc /b*bh% 4s nu dbh* bh0cnslb*% cs 4s lus Du0nc.cu. >Dh% Dbh0nc% .scc ch% dh* 2s*0s u*slc ch*c chd dc lh 0hsh s +)<nslb* s<n ss0b*sslc c+3cslb*: cu unh 0+ 4 su <ns+ c+ s<n <nhsn ch Th% h4h cu0 s)unch S2<n ul *cgc &5% Ds/sn+ 0hs nc2blbss bh*c dcc< un c+3cl% dh* 0hs 4 su c+ Tu c4 s bunul 0cu s +)<n 4s c+% dc /*c0c cc h*+nc4 s )+s+*slc dsn /+.duh% nu 0+ /cs l+sh bc0hs )c 0snc s+ )sc*." Cu0)+nc4 c cCcc)3sbnhlh s0c*cnsc h hccs cs 2c0cs% nb ch.+ lchls h ch c*cdsn3cs shlc% 2sdcls h ch <nc*cdc*ss% gsng+4sh d*hgbs cs shlc% 4s dhc+ ch sc 0ul3u0c4 c cu b 2s*0s u*+ 4s sbcb c4 c c+ nb*bcul <s )*ssbsc4 c% u% ch*c nu dbb<ndc4 s dbh* b 2s*0s u*+% cs )*s0c4 s bh + )<snch Cc*ulus% u cu h < 0hs 0ul *cbusc s+"s )*c3usc4 s sbh* h 4s s+ hs )h* c dc chQ <n/h3+ hscs s0c*cnsh 4s cCc*cs "b <n s0c*s*s: scbh c )*c3us*c dsn hh <*ul 4s hdb*h*c dsn 0+*c3sh Db0nulus% )c ch*c"& )*s0c4 s. PUNCTUL ( Hu.snd h < ch db/c.s dc h2cc3sunc% Db0nul cCclh0+? >B% 2c0csc% 0h*c cs c c*cdsn3h h% 0h*c s+"3s 2sc 2c*scs*ch: <3s hcb*d cclc cc*u c% 2ssndc+ b 0c*s3s." Db0nul s"h h*+ h h < dc us0s )cn *u ch 4s nbs s+ nc us0s0 4s s+"& s0s +0.
&A &5
6AA
CUMSNCCTBRUL
PUNCTUL & #cs 0cds h hsu)*h 0snunh cs *<nduscls cc h )*c0c*s lh hccl )b)b* )*s0s*ch h*hncs 0s*hculbhsc. Plchc+ dsn Cgs) 4s dsn <n unccs0slc hccs ush <n c+u h*ch lu0snss% du)+ /cdcnsh )+css: *cc b 0h*c% gcnunc dc nc2c*scs*s% l+s<ndu"s <ncch3s )c /*+D0h4ss lb* dc 0bh* c: u0bl+ )*sn *"b )us sc% 2+*+ s+ cb0unscc cu lu0ch% <n *c3sn<ndu"sc nu0hs cu Du0nc.cu: bchu h)clc 0hncs% <0bs"n<nd *ug+csunch cu ch.nh: lc ls)sc4 c 0<nch*ch )+0<n chn+ ch s" b Dsndushsc+ )c cch h Cc*ulus% c+cs c nc/bsc dc bh + hcchs + 0h*c )*cg+ s*c 4s s+ *+sc4 s /sh3h <ngc*slb* ch s+ 0+n<ncs dsn )<snch lb*. Cu0)+nc4 c u hcu0% dhc+ nu0hs )cn *u ss0bblul% )cn *u b u0b*+ h hccs us hls0cn h )*c0c*s h < h *<ndushl+% dc c< + bh*c /h 2s nc/bsc s)*c h s.bu s s+ 0+n<ncs )<snch su)*hsubs hn3shl+% T*u)ul 4s S<ngclc Db0nulus% ch )c un hls0cn hdc/+*h % sh* nu ss0bblsc: cu0 /h *cbus s+ sc4s dsn *bbsh )+ch ulus% c< dc dc)h* c *cbusc s+ 2ss dc sgnb*hn3h <n unccs0slb* lus: cu0 *cbusc s+ <ngc0+nc.s """"""""""
&8
MCDSTHSH B 6A5
*ug+csunch cu ch.nh: cc h)*b)sc*c dc Du0nc.cu% cc *c *hgc*c dsn *c bh0cns% cc hb3snc*c dc lh 0<nc+*u*slc s)u*ch c )cn *u h dbb<nds 0hnh cch hdc/+*h +Q PUNCTUL 7 <n *uc< hu 2bs h < dc bsnc )*cg+ s3s% hu 0c*s h s+ 2sc 0<ng<sh3s dc c+ *c Db0nul. Lc *s0s c hcch 0<nch*c hlchs+% dc ch*c *+0<n us0s3s 4s s+ us: nu lc *s0s c h*hn+ dc )c )+0<n % cs dsn Cc*% ch s+ *+shsc+ /sh3h dc hcblb: nu h*c gus ul unus ssngu* 2cl dc 0<nch*c% cs hl u u*b*h% gus ul )c ch*c 4s"& db*c4 c 2scch*c% ch s+"4s dch sch0h c+ b bsnclc cc 4s"& )b db*s <l /b* g+ss <ncs2*h hcblb% 4s hs 2cl% ulus3s% .scchu? >Cc 0<nch*c ncbbs4nus + cs c hcchs h% /cns + dsn Cc*% *s0ss+ dc 0<nh lus Du0nc.cuO"
Cu c< 0hs 0ul c0cs )b3s s)unc u hs +.s? >Cc h*hn+ )*c3sbhs+ c hcchs hO" C*cdsn3h <3s *+s)undc% .sc<nd? >Hccs h c un Cu/<n 2+cu T*u)% 4s hccs h un T*u) 2+cu dc un Cu/<n . Hcchs h c )<snch <ngc*slb* dh + bh0cnslb* s+ b 0+n<ncc: hcchs h c )<snch ch*c 2hcc dcs2+ h*ch *cgslb*: hcchs h c 0hnh cch hdc/+*h + ch*c d+ /sh3+ 4s% <n *"un cu/<n % hs h <nsch0n+ c+ b0ul <l 0+n<nc+ )c Du0nc.cul s+u% ch*c% bun+ h c sn2sns + 2ssnd% <nchsdc"n ssnc bh c gus u*slc c< c s<n : gus "b% /c.s cc dulcc cs c 4s cu0 hducc cu gus ul u u*b* /s* u3slb* 4s hh*u*slb*." PUNCTUL 6 Pcn *u b 0<nch*c h < dc 0ss c*sbhs+% c nc/bsc dc <0)*cDu*+*s 0ss c*sbhsc? sc4chu s+ b hdunc <n .b*s% lh cchsul /s*gsnhl% ch )*s0+ g*sD+ h .slcs: *cbusc s+ c scbls dss"dc"ds0snch3+% s+ c cbs c bun+/bsn3+ 4s *c.sc% <nhsn c s+ *+sh*+ sbh*clc% dcbh*ccc% h < dc dclsch + 4s )u*+ cu0 c% sc b)c4 c lh b*scc 2sc*bsn3chl+ h lu0ss. Kscch*c s+ culchg+ h < h c< <s hDungc% dcbh*ccc nu <ng+dusc hh sc*s b0cnc4 s% nu )bh c 2s )+s *h + )cn *u h dbu+ .s% 2ssndc+ /*ch s+ 2sc )<snc )*bhs)+ + 4s dc bh c .slclc% ch db/hd+ h 2*cc/cn3cs shlc. Sc )*c2hcc su c <n /sc*0s% dc/b*h b*s hs cbn4 ssn3cs /snb/h c. Cu0)+nc4 c cc <0)*cDu*+*s ncs)us dc cChc c 4s dc 0ss c*sbhsc )*c sndc hcchs + Mhn+ <0)+* +4s +. Hs h s+"3s 2sc )*s0h 3sn +% s+ nu c hbh3s c+ *c hl + <ndclc nscs*c% s+ nu )*cgc3s h b c+u h% c+ /cs *+0<nc dc4c* : sh"b <n cu*+3sc% )cn *u ch nu cu0/h% <n lbc dc h"3s dh /sh3+% s+"3s .+0sslchsc+ /sc*0ss 0b*3ss.
6A8 CUMSNCCTBRUL

scund dc cugc )*ccu0 c*h Zhhcu dc s h u*+% *sdsc+" c dchsu)*h h <nsu3s% u*c+" c <n cb)hcul cbn c0)l+*ss c/lh/sbhsc b*s <n ccl hl c*ucss uncs ch.nc dcs+/<*4s c% <n*+d+csnh )*sn c*cdsn3h cch /sc% /c*dc )*sn n+dcDdc% <nc+*ch dc 2*uc c hlc d*hgbs cs 4s cu bchss cugc ulus chu + s+"& /c.s% *bhg+" c s+"& cbn c0)ls. PUNCTUL 7 Zhhcu c /cdch% Dbh0nc% <n *u dc)lsnh"s 0ul3u0s*c% dsn cb)hc% cu b h < h bucu*sc c< +"s 2uscsc db*sn3h: sc )*c2+cch <n bchs ch s+ c /hd+% 4s Tu <n sns0s ch s+ 2ss /+.u : sc bucu*h dc )*c.cn3h h du0nc.cshsc+% *+sh <n su2lc ul s+u u*0+*s 0s*hculbhsc% sh* c<nd hs hDuns s+ s c hl+ u*s% l"hs )*s/s )c ccl cc c )*s/ch% 3s"hs <n+l3h bchss ds/sns% ch*c% )*s/s3s shu )*s/snd% hu 2bs )u*u*ch bsnc2+c+ b*s. #b*bh 3s s"h dus du)+ cs% 4s chsh* h2cc ul% 4s% nu0sndu"& )c nu0clc lus% ch s+ )*scch)+ c+"s hcb*.s h cn3sc 4s c+ s)*c cl sc <nd*u0+ un h < dc 0h*c hh <*? >Zhhcc% <s s)us% cbbbh"*+" c dcg*hb+% c+cs hs +.s /*chu s+ )*s0csc g+.dus*c c< 0hs shns + <n chsh h." B% cc us0s*c bucu*bhs+ /h 2s *+s)uns uncs 2c*scs*s h < dc ncg<nds cQ B% c< dc 0ul <nsch0n+ s +*usn3clc b0ulus c+ *c Db0nul% dc /*c0c cc unul ch*c <nhsn c /*c0c sbcb ch d*c) b 0h*c 2c*scs*c s+ )bh + hDungc h c /cdch dc dc)h* c% cbbbh*+ hcu0h dsn cb)hc% sc h)*b)sc hcu0h dc snc% /snc l<ng+ snc 4s sc h4h.+ lh 0hs+ cu TsncQ M+ s0hgsnc. u*ch <n cb)hcul cbn c0)l+*ss% *ch.c0 hl 0scs0ss 0clc% db*s b* s+"& /+d 4s s+"& cunbsc )c Db0nul% ch*c% s *sg<ndu"0+ )c nu0c% <0s s)unc? >Zsc 3sc% cbbbh*+" c% /snb Dbs% h)*b)sc" c dc 0snc% ccl <0)+* +4s % /snb s+ c cu0snccs% c+cs hs +.s c dc 0h*c <nsc0n+ h c )cn *u 0snc s+ h2lu g+.dus*c <n )sc) ul +u." Zscc hs +.s% dccs n"b l+sh )c 0<snc. Csnc 4 sc dc /cs 0hs h/ch s0)O s dhc+ Db0nul s)unc c+ h*c <nsc0n+ h c )cn *u 0slbs cnsh sh% cu h < 0hs 0ul )cn *u sc+lb4sh 0ch. D+ 2ugh% b% su2lc c hl 0cu% s+"& )*s0c4 s cu g*hb+
<n2l+c+*h +% hs 2cl <nc< s+ nu sc hd*csc.c unush su*d dc nc4 ssn3+% unush lcnc4 dc nc*ccunb4 sn3h. PUNCTUL 6 Cu c< + )*b0) s udsnc /h 2s hscul h ZhhcuQ <n )*s0ul *<nd /h 2s <ngcnunchch 4s hdb*h )scsbh*clc cc bsnc/bshu s+"s chlcc )*hgul chscs: /h 2s /bs ch hcchs h% cu un hsc0cnch )*slcD% s+"s 2sc )hlh
370 CUMSNCCTBRUL
0+*c3% /*cdnsc s+ g+.dushsc+ )c un bhs)c c h < dc 0h*c. Cu0 <s /h.0hs 2s )us <nhsn c b cc h/ch% h4 c*n<ndu"s b ul lh )scsbh*c ch unush ch*c lh 2cl <4s <0)+*3ch b ul <n 0<snslc s+*hcslb*. >Ju0+ h c% .scc cl% dsn h/c*ch 0ch% Dbh0nc% b dhu dc )b0hn+"% 4s 2+*+"ndb"shl+ dc hscs s s"h n+scu 2c*scs*ch% 2ssndc+ dc lh g+.dus*ch s+*hculus *ccs lh )*s0s*ch Db0nulus: dc lh h*+ns*ch cc*4c b*ulus hDungs s+" & 0+n<ncs )c Du0nc.cu. C<nd sc /h 2s /+.u <ns+ h4c.h lh 0hs+ cu Db0nul% ls)s dc Hcclh )c ch*c nscs s+"& /hd+ dc lh dss hn3+ nu s sc <ng+dussc% cc bucu*sc <s /h 2s <ncc*ch su2lc ulQ Nu"4s /h 2s <nc+)u <n ssnc dc 0ul3u0s*c% /+.<nd c+ <n chsh lus <nch)c Du0nc.cu ccl nc0+*gsns . Cu0)+nc4 c u% c<nd c /c.s h4c.h lh 0hsh hl h*ulus% 0ul 0hs h)*b)sh dc C*ss bs% c+cs nu dbh* c h4c.s l<ng+ cl% cs"& ss03s chsh* <n l+un *ul )sc) ulus +u% )+.s <n s<nul +u. Cc 0h*c <3s /h 2s 2ssnd 0ul3u0s*chQ Pc lu0c n"h* 0hs 2s hl h hsc0cnch cs )cn *u snc: )*c3us*ch *+s)undc hh <*ulus% 4s"n snc sc *c.c4 c b nccu*0h + db*sn3+ dc h"& *cdbb<nds% cb0)cns<ndu"3s 0<hns*ch dc"h 2s )sc*du <n *ccu h < ch Cb0unsuns cu dchsh lb* *c)c h*c <n /ss b*. PUNCTUL ( Zhhcu h *+0hs )c c< dc bucu*bs% )c"h < dc *ccunbsc+ b*% <n *uc< ccs u0sls s<n ncs)us dc *ccunbsc+ b*s: b ul ls sc )h*c 0hs 0ul dcc< su2scscn % 4s cu h < 0hs /<* bs un hh <* h < dc )u3sn 0c*s h : sc bucu*h <0)*cun+ cu )*sc cnss s+s% c<4 sg<ndu"s )c b3s dc )h* ch lus Du0nc.cu. Cc 0ul3u0s*s <s /h 2s hdus Db0nulus% b2c*sndu"s b cc"h/ch% 4s"n )*s0ul *<nd sns0hQ >Dc hs +.s% Lbh0nc% dc c<nd c"h0 cunbscu % /bs <ncc)c s+ c sluDcsc: h 2bs b schs0bh*c dc"h d*ch) h h." L"h *sdsch )c cl Db0nul ch s+"& bsnccu/<n c.c% cb)lc4sndu"s chsh dc h/u3ss 4s su2lc ul dc dcs+/<*4s*s. Cu0)+nc4 c cu c< 0hs *ccunbsc+ b* *cbusc s+ c h*+3s u% c+cs dhc+ hcblb Db0nul h bsnc/bs s+ sn *c <n chsh /h0c4ulus hcclush% hscs% <n )sc) ul +u: hcblb l"h )b2 s Zhhcu )c Db0nul% hscs Db0nul <nsu4s c bs)+ ch.+: hcblb Zhhcu s"h b2c*s bh + chsh lus% hscs *cbusc u s+"3s b2c*s b su2lc ul 4s 0sn ch ch s+"& cunb4 s% h2cc3sunch ch s+"& subc4 s% s0)lb*<ndu"& s+"3s dch bsnccu/<n h*ch sh nu ch unus 2su hl lus H/*hh0% cs hl hcclus 0h*c P+*sn c ch*c *+sc4 c 4s db0nc4 c )cs c bh c /chcu*slc. H0sn.
MCDSTHSH 5
65&

PUNCTUL & l"ugc + cu0 2c0csh hcchs h% du)+ cc h )+ s0s h <3sh hns un 0h*c ncch. <n /sh3+% bc c4ug hl /snss% 4s% du)+ cc"h /+.u c< dc )u3sn b hDu hsc*+ 0cdscss dc )c )+0<n % h.s *ccu*gc lh Cc*: sc <nh*0ch.+% <n lbcul )l+3ss% cu <nc*cdc*c bbgh + <n )u c*ch 4s /*c*ch Db0nulus: 4 sc c+% )cn *u Mcdscul hccs h Ds/sn% h dh <nsch0n+ h cc*c% h4h <hc< /snc .sc<nd? > su c+ dhc+ s.bu csc s+ h sng 2sc 4s un 2s* dc lh hhsnh lus% 0s"& /bs 2hcc ssgu*% dc4s"s sub3s*c% )c ccl hl /sc3ss 0clc." B% 0h*c 2c0cscQ B% 0h*c 0slbs cnsc h Db0nulusQ Hl3s 0cdscs <l h sng cs )c bblnh/ ch s+"& lccushsc+% hscs <l h sngc bblnh/ul )c Mcdsc ch s+ sc /sndccc. >Cu <s cunbsc% .scch ch% nc"s2<*4s h /s* u c: 0h*c c )u c*ch lus% lh 2cl dc 0h*c bun+ h ch: cs c )c c< dc )u c*nsc% )c"h < dc 0slbs s/: s"hDung cu s+"& h sng% 4s Cl h*c s+ 0+ /sndccc." Rccunbh4 c"3s g*h/clc bc c4ugu*s ch*c"3s 01hncsc su2lc ul cu ncdcs+/1*4s*s% hccl 2luC dc )h s0s% *c2luC dc )+ch c: nu *c4 c"n snc b 0h*c db*sn3+ dc h c /sndcch% d*c) )*s0+ )*cg+ s*c h <ns+n+ b4s*ss% <n3clcgc c+ hscs <l hs )c <nsu4s Mcdscul ds/sn cc /sndcc+ h <3sh bblnh/s: d+ 2ugh cu c*cdsn3+ /sc% cu c*bsc+ <nc*cdc*c c+ b lchcul +u cs c s+"& h sngs 4s s+"& )*s0c4 s. PUNCTUL 7 Tu*0h 0ul3s0ss <l <0)*csu*h dsn bh c )+*3slc )c M<n us b*ul% 0c*gch <ncbnDu*h dc sns0s% hsss h dc ss03s*s% 4s dc"hccch nu"s 2+cchu lbc 2c0css ch s+ sc )bh + h)*b)sh s)*c h"s cc*c lccus*ch 2h3+ c+ *c 2h3+% c+cs b dchunh ls sc )un )scdscs 0h*s <n chlc cclb* cc chu + h sc h)*b)sh dc Du0nc.cu. #+.<nd
hccs ch% ch /h 2s s)us? >Nu 0c*s cu 2c*scs*ch dc h"s )u ch /b*bs Db0nulus 4s Du0nc.culus 0cu% c+cs nu s<n dcc< )*h2 4s ccnu4+% 4 su <ns+ c+ )u c*ch
79
C2. Mhrc!, B% 7("6(.
lus c h < dc 0h*c% c+ 4s nu0hs dc"s /bs h sngc sghclul hhsncs% 0+ /bs /sndcch." Ch h c*c.u % sh* Db0nul h luc*h : ch h h sns hhsnh 4s"n cls)+ s"h 2+cu bsnc. Mul3s l"hu <0bul.s )c Db0nul 4s b nu s"hu /sndcch : ch dh% 4s h /cns dbh* cu c*cdsn3+ /sc% cu <nc*cdc*c /c4nsc+: nu dbh* cu 0<nh &"h h sns% cs s"h <nsb3s "b cugc ul cs <n2l+c+*h 4s &"h h sns )c Db0nul lh cbh*dh cch 0hs ss03s bh*c% 0+*c3sh 0slbs cnscs shlc. Cu0)+nc4 c hcu0h u% ch*c /ss s+ c cu0snccs% cu c< 0hs 0h*c c 2c*scs*ch h% dc /*c0c cc"s h sngs nu dbh* s/ul /c40<n ulus% cs )c Db0nul b : <l <0b*+3s4c.s% <l s *<ngs% <l <nchs.s <n )sc) ul +u% <l 0+n<ncs <n *cg: <n c3c4 c"3s% dh*% c*cdsn3h% h)*sndc"3s 0slh% *ccu"nbh4 c"3s 2c*scs*ch% )*c3usc4 c )*slcDul 4s% dc /*c0c cc h sngs sghclul dh*u*slb* shc*h0cn hlc% nu *c4 c b 0h*c <nc*cdc*c c+ b s+ bb3ss <ns+n+ b4s*ch dc)lsn+ dc bh c /scsslc 4s )h s0slc hlc. PUNCTUL 6 >Csnc s"h h sns dc 0sncO% h s)us nu0hsdcc< C*ss bs% sh* S2<n ul Pc *u? >B Dbh0nc% h <3sh 4s dsn bh c )+*3slc c <0bul.csc 4s 0hs <n *cbs? Csnc s"h h sns dc 0sncO" ><n *"hdc/+*% c+cs dc4s 0ul3s sc h)*b)sc dc Ssus% nu"& h sng )u c*nsc 4s nscs nu"& hdb*+ cu cugc ul? ch <ns+ cu hdc/+*h &"h h sns lh cbh*dh cch 0hs ss03s bh*c h ncs2<*4s cs lus bun+ +3s: ch% cu c/lh/sc 2sc*bsn c: cs% cu nc)sb4cnsc 4s% ch h h*c% nscs Db0nul nu"s ss0 c% nscs cs nu"s ss0 )u c*ch ds/sn+. Hscul + cu0 c <n *chb+ hs +.s C*ss bs <nsu4s? >M"hs h sns bh*c% su2lc c% cu c*cdsn3+ /scO Tc"hs cu0sncch cu c/lh/sc 2sc*bsn c shu nu0hs dsn bbs4nusn3+O Csnc bh*c 0"h h sns )u c*nscO" B% c<3s hDung s+ sc cu0snccc 2+*+ h"& h sngc Db0nul% nscs 0+ch* <n ccl 0hs nc<nsc0nh 2s* hl /c40<n ulusQ C<3s nu"& )*s0csc 2+*+ cu/cns h )*cg+ s*cQ s hs 2cl% 2+*+ 2blbs% nu"4s /sndcc+ *+nslc% 2ssndc+ nu"& h sng cu sns0slc lb*: nu sc lccuscsc% 2ssndc+ nu sc <ng*sDcsc. Dc hscs% scbh c b 0h*c <nsu2lc3s*c ch s+ c h)*b)ss dc Du0nc.cul hccs h <0)+* +4s % <n h4h 2cl% <nc< Cl s+"3s ss0 + h)*snsh c/lh/sc 4s u s+"s <ncc*cs 2h/bh*ch. PUNCTUL ( Kc0csh sc 0s*+ dc ccch cc ss0 c 4s dc ccch cc hudc% dc 2h) ul c+ /cdc b 0snunc du)+ hl h% )lsn+ dc <n2*scb4h*c 4s dc d*hgbs c% dcb)b *s/+ c+ s"h /+.u su*)*sns+ 4s /sndcch +% <4s 0+* u*ssc4 c
MCDSTHSH 8 373
MCDSTHSH 8 Dcsprc sntshrch clu !tulus lc#ss *n chsh lus B!cd3Cd!" 4s cu" h u"plut3! dc !snccu *ntss:5
7&
dc hDuns ch s+"& )b3s )*s0s u )c <nsu4s u*sh4ul 4s ncs2<*4s ul Du0nc.cu% cu)*sns <n Bs sh hcchs hO Dhc+ <ngc*ss hsss + cu <n2*scb4h*c% cu0 s+ c h)*b)ss u 2+*+ s2shl+O Dhc+ nscs )u*s h ch *h.clb* dc sbh*c nu"s dc hDuns ch *hcl+% cu0 s+"s 2sc ccn *u cu/ssncsbs Dbsnscsh sns0ss hlc% nccu*+3sh cugc ulus +uO <n/h3+ b /cnc*h3sc
<n2*scb4h + 4s b <n2*scb4h*c *cs)cc ubhs+% ch s+ s.bu c4 s h <nchsdc bh + M+*c3sh dc nccu)*sns h Cc*ulus <n l+ch4ul s *<0 hl )sc) ulus +u. PUNCTUL 7 Rcgclc )b*uncc4 c s+ 2sc dus Chs/b ul nu <n chsh unus )*sncs)c% cs <n cch h unus b+*bh /s* ubs% hcchs h 2ssnd hdc/+*h h nbblc3c? c*h 0h*c <n bchss Db0nulus% dcbh*ccc c*h s0c*s <n hs s+s. Cc*ul h cbn2s*0h hlcgc*ch cu bsnc2hcc*s <n0ul3s c: nu0c*bhsc <s c*hu /s* u3slc% dh* 0hs 0h*c u0slsn3h% 0h*c 0c*s ul% dh* lh 2cl dc 0h*c 0bdcs sh. <l chc0h Bbcd"Cdb0% ccch cc <nsch0n+ slug+ h Db0nulus% c+cs c un 0h*c s s0ulcn )cn *u 0+*c3sh cch /sc s+"& /hd+ *bbsndu"s"sc )c"hcclh cc u*0ch.+ h b )*s0s: u0slsn3h c 2s*0h ch*c nc h*h + hhnul lus Du0nc.cu. Sc sbcb ch 0hs nc/*cdnsc dcc< b3s s+ g+.dushsc+ Chs/b ul hchs+ lh cl% dh* h 2+cu "b dsn hscul h*c 4s h )u u hs 2cl s+ c<n c /sc b*sslc bb3snu c% dh* nu s+ 4s nu0c*c 0slbs s/s*slc )*s0s c. Cu c< + h+*nscsc 4s"b /h 2s h*hnDh % <0)bdbbsnd"b 0hs 0ul cu /s* u3s dcc< cu bbg+3ssQ Nu /h 2s ls)ss 2*sch dc Du0nc.cul ccl subs b*% du)+ cu0 nscs d*hgbs ch cch 0hs s2sclnsc+. Cu0)+nc4 c c+ h.s *cbusc s+ bs)c3c4 s nu u0b*h% cs )c Sbh*clc <nsu4s% chsh* dhc+ <n nb*ul hccsdcn clb*: nu ss0bblul% cs *chls h ch unus Du0nc.cu *chl0cn c 4s cu hdc/+*h <nchss <n hcchs + Bs sc: nu <n chsh h% cs <n )sc) ul +u. Cu0 *cbusc s+ c *<ndusc4 s% cu0 *cbusc s+ <0)bdbbc4 s c0)lul su2lc ulus +u cu bbg+3sc dc /s* u3s% cu bdbh*c dc 0c*s cQ #c.s c+ hs +.s Rcgclc Cc*ulus )b*uncc4 c s+ sn *c Chs/b ul T*u)ulus s+u <0)+* +4s sub hcb)c*s4ul +u% <n chsh* *+*unchss +s: sh sch0h% h4hdh*% cu cc ulbu*h*c *cbusc s+"& )*s0c4 s% cu cc /cnc*h3sc s+"& )*ch0+*c4 s. PUNCTUL 6 Chs/b ul Db0nulus h sn *h <n chsh ,&s Bbcd"Cdb0% <n <s )+* sns + ch s+"& )*s0chsc+ 4s h)bs 2c*scs + ch s+ )*s0chsc+ bsnc"
MCDSTHSH 8 375
cu/<n +*s? nu h 2bs b chs+ gbhl+% cs )lsn+ dc c/lh/sc: nccu0 Chs/b ul% cs )lsn 4s cl dc cb0b*slc Cc*ulus% cb)lc4snd"b dc 2c*scs*s. Cc bucu*bs sc /h 2s )b0cns Bbcd"Cdb0 c<nd h /+.u c+"n lbcul hs)*s0slb* c0u c h/ch )h* c dc hh <*u*sQ Hs 2cl s<n *+s)l+ s c sluDs*slc <n su)unc*c% dh*u*slc dc u0slsn3+Q Db0nul s"h )l+ s bsnc bs)c3sh% c+cs% ch *cgc h < dc 0h*c% undc sn *+ cl% nu 0hs cs c nscsbdh + 0s.c*sc. Cu0)+nc4 c u% cc 0slbs s/s*s nu"3s )b3s 2+g+dus <n .suh <n ch*c hccs Chs/b hdc/+*h % nu gbl% cs )lsn dc Mhnh ds/sn+ h T*u)ulus 4s S<ngclus lus C*ss bs% Db0n 4s Du0nc.cu hdc/+*h % sn *+ <n )sc) ul +u. Hcclh h 2bs cu sh% hccs h gsu/hsc*ul: hcclh h u0)lu dc bunu*s chsh lus Bbcd"Cdb0% )cn *u c+ h 2bs ss0bblul hccs csh. Cu c< 0hs 0ul <3s /h u0)lc dc hh <*u*s sns0hQ Kblbsc4 c )*slcDul )c ch*c"& hs: sh sch0h c+ hscs s<n bh c cb0b*slc lus Du0nc.cu% 0snh cch bbgh + h Hh*ulus: <n/h3+ s+ cc*s% c+cs )c <nsu4s *cgclc <n )c*sbhn+ <l g+.dusc4 s <n *+*unchss +s. PUNCTUL ( Rccunb4 sn3h lus Bbcd"Cdb0 4s"h u u*b* cclb* dsn chsh lus nu h 2bs cch 0hs 0sc+ dsn *c 0slbs cnsslc )*s0s c% bh chsh* h 2bs h < dc 0h*c% <nc< s"h dc/cns *cnu0c? nu sc /b*bch dcs)*c hl cc/h <n b Ss*hclul% sl+/sndu"sc bh c 2c*scs*slc dsn chsh Sus: sc <n *ccchu cu nb*bcul lus% bsnc h* 2s 2bs 4s cu /s* u ch"s. P<nh 4s s2<n ul *cgc Dh/sd. <nsu2lc3s h uncs% s"h s *+dus s+ duc+ Chs/b ul <n )hlh ul s+u *cghl% db*nsc s+ luc*c.c <n *u sluDs*s 4s s+ sh )h* c lh bsnc2hcc*s. B% u% ch*c hs +.s c"hs cu0sncch % )+.c4 c" c s+ nu h0u3c4 s )cn *u lhudclc ds/snc: *ccunb4 sn3h 2hcc )h* c dsn 0slbs cnsc 4s% dc /*c0c cc c *ccunb4 s 4s 0hs 2h/b*s.h dcc< Bbcd"Cdb0% h*h +" c <nc+ 4s 0hs *ccunbsc+ b*? hccs c 0ul3u0s*s 2s"/b* ghDul unb* nbs hh <*u*s 4s% dc /*c0c cc b3s c+scnss +s hu )h* scs)h lh 0slbs cnsslc ds/snc% bh c )u c*slc 4s bh c 2hcul +3slc hlc bs cnchsc+"sc <n *u lhudh Db0nulus: )b2 c4 c gcnc*h3sslc gcnc*h3sslb* ch% <0)*cun+ cu s2<n ul Rcgc P*b2c % s+ c hDu c h c<n h 0slbs cnsslc Db0nulus <n /ccss /ccslb*. H0sn.

PUNCTUL & #ugc + c+% dhc+ Sbhn h 0c*s h s+ )*s0chsc+ h < ch hh <*u*s dsn )h* ch Ds/snulus s+u <n/+3+ b* dh b*s + nc)*sh+ns*ss% Pc *u lc"h dbb<nds dh b*s + u0slsn3cs. Sbhn h 2bs uccnscul subs % Pc *u ccl u0sls ? h/ch s+ 2sc ch)ul Bssc*scss 4s su)c*sb* u u*b*h )*sn dc0ns h ch sh% cs cl s"h h4 c*nu lh )scsbh*clc u u*b*h )*sn u0slsn3h sh. Pc c< <l *hns)b* h uncb*s c/lh/sh <n2l+c+*h +% )c"h < h"& <n2*<nh 0bdcs sh: nu <nd*+.nch s+"& <n *cbc )c Db0nul% 4s h4h <l <n *cbh Db0nul )c cl: c<nd ccslhl3s )*c sndchu s+ 2sc <n )*s0clc *<ndu*s. cl nu sc sbcb ch
/*cdnsc s+ s ch <nhsn ch <n/+3+ b*ulus s+u. Mul3u0s dc hcchs + 0bdcs sc% Db0nul% )+*+ssnd cclclhl c b+*cs% sc u*c+ <n *"h lus% dsn ch )*cdsc+ 4s"n ch sc bdshnc4 c: Pc *u su)b* h 0us *+*slc% dh* sc bucu*h dc hh <*u*s dcbscbs c. Cu0)+nc4 c cc bun+ )b*ns*c c u0slsn3h ch s+ sc4s <n <n 10)snh*ch unus Db0n c+*ush <s )lhc h < dc 0ul ccs u0sls 4s% <n /cdc*ch cu0sncc+*ss% s *+dusc4 c" c s+ c <nh*0c.s cu hcchs + s2<n + 0bdcs sc: *c *hgc" c *ccunbsc<ndu"3s Dbsnscsh% )cn *u ch Db0nul s+ 3s"b sh <nhsn c% 2+c<ndu" c s+ c bucu*s dc 0+*c3sh lus: h4h.+" c )c ul s0ul lbc lh du0nc.cscscul bs)+3% c+cs Db0nul c /h u*ch 0hs sus: u0slc4 c" c cu c< 3ss 0hs 0ul sh )lhcs unus Db0n hs c+*us bchs 2ug du)+ ccs bl<n.s 4s ccs 0scs. PUNCTUL 7 Nchdb*0s3s% H)bs blss hu *uds b nbh) c"n *chg+ 4s ns0sc n"hu )*sns% 2ssndc+ nu"s hsss h Ds/snul lb* <n/+3+ b*: s + chu <n <n unc*sc 2+*+ /+.ul lus 4s .hdh*nsc 2+*+ hDu b*ul lus% c+cs dhc+ Cl ls)sc4 c% ns0sch nu sc <nchcsc cu nb*bc. s h *ccu nbh) ch ls)scs lus% ds0snch3h Sbh*clc Ds/sn h /cns 4s b ul s"h cb/<*4s dc /bsbhsclc"s <n*<u*s*s. S2<n ul Pc *u h dcschss bchss c*cdsn3cs 4s s"h cunbscu )c ssnc 4s )c <n/+3+ b*ul s+u Ds/sn% 4s"h *ccunbscu )*b)*sh"s sl+bscsunc 4s )u c*ch Db0nulus s+u% Dbsnscsh sh 4s 0+*c3sh lus: <n ssnc
Cs. S!hn, 7&% &B"&'.
658 CUMSNCCTBRUL
Du0nc.cul 0cu% )c 0snc 4s bh c hlc 0clcO Cu% ns0scul 4s bh c ns"0scnscsslc." Cu c< + /cnc*h3sc% cu c< + 0snunh*c% cu c< + ulbu*h*c *cbush s+ /ss ch s+ c cu0snccs <n 2h3h uncs 0+*c3ss h < dc s0cnscQ PUNCTUL ( Db0nul nu"& <ndc)+* ch.+ dsnhsn c sh )c Pc *u% cs% ds0)b *s/+% <l unc4 c 4s 0hs s *<ns cu ssnc: c h < dc )u3sn dss)us s+"4D <n bh*c+ dc lh u0slsn3h lus bchss% <nc< cs 2ug du)+ ch: nu"s *c2u.+ chs)ul s+u% cs"s d+*usc4 c chsh* sns0h 4s"s 0ul3u0c4 c )cn *u 0bdcs sh lus s2sbhs+% chu + s+"s <nc*cdsn3c.c cb0b*slc shlc% 0+*g+*s h*clc cclc 0hs scu0)c 4s ch*c"& cbs + ccl 0hs 0ul % 0sclu4css 4s bslc shlc. Pc *u h *+0hs lh 2cl dc *ccubsc+ b*% )c c< 2uscsc <nhsn c dc *c *hs% dc dbu+ b*s ulbu*h dc *c)c h h bl<ndc3c h Db0nulus s+u% 4s% dhc+ <nhsn c sc sus *+gch )*c.cn3cs shlc% hcu0h sc g*+bc4 c s+"s hduc+ lhud+% *+scu0)+*<ndu"4s nc<nc*cdc*ch cu s0c*cnss% cu 0ul3u0s*s sns0bhsc )cn *u nb*bcul s+u. B% Db0nul 0cu 4s bh + h/u3sh 0chQ Cu c< 0hs <ndh b*h 0+ *ccunbsc cu h.s% c<nd /sn s+ c )*s0csc% dcbh*ccc nu dbh* <0s <ng+dusc4 s s+ s hu <nhsn ch ncs2<*4s cs hlc 0+*c3ss% cs bsnc/bsc4 s s+ s hs Tu <nsu3s% <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h % <nl+un *ul )sc) ulus 0cuQ Tu <n 0snc 4s cu <n Tsnc% c+cs Tu <0s c4 s ccn *u 4s bh + h/u3sh: dc"h* 2s s+ 2su 4s cu lh 2cl dc nchb+ u <n dh*u*s )c c< c4 s Tu dc 0+*sns0bs <n hh <*u*s: nu cu0/h s+ sc h*h c Dbsnsc un )sc) h < dc )*s/slcgsh % sh* 0+* u*sss*ch Dbsnscscs 0clc 2sc *c)c h + s *sgh*c h slh/slb* hlc nc0+su*h c. H0sn.
MCDSTHSH &9
Ch s prs"c4ts pc D!"nul cu sslsnclc Mhrtcs 4s #sn#4sslc Mrscs:'

76 C2. Luch% &9%68"(7.
MCDSTHSH &9 65'
h < dc 0h*c hh <*Q Cu c< db* <l /h 2s h4 c) h M+*sh )c Db0nul <n c+u h*ch c+*ush )b*nssc hl c<nd/h cu h < h h/<n Q s dhc+ h uncs cunbscusc 0h*ch 2c*scs*c dc h 2s 2bs bsnc )*s0s +% hs +.s /h 2s sbcb s d*c) un hh <* h)h* c )u sn3h dc h"& )*s0s ch )c d<nsul. Cc )*cg+ s*c ncs)us dc 0+*ch3+ /b* 2s 2+cu % clc ch*c cunb4 chu h <l dc bsnc 0hscs h ch 4s 0+*c3sh bhs)c clus h4 c) h Q Mh*c /h 2s 2bs g+ chlh bd+slb*% <nc+ 4s 0hs 0h*c cch h sns0slb*% 4s bbgh clc )bdbhbc lc /b* 2s ss0bbls.h /s* u3slc cclc )*c3sbhsc. Cu0)+nc4 c c+ Db0nul <nsu4s <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h /snc h.s <n )c*sbhn+ s+ *hg+ lh chs clul sns0ss hlc% chu + s+"s <n0<nc.s chcslc 2hcul +3slb* 4s ss03u*slb* hlc: <n2*+3chsc+"3s"sc /bsn3h 4s sn clcc ul ch s+"& hss4 s cu )*c3us*s 4s gsng+4sc: 0hs <nhsn c dc b*scc 2sc b 0h*c )*cg+ s*c dc )bdbhbc )*sn /s* u3s% cu 0h*c dc*c sch*c dc cugc % h0s*bssnd b ul h hh* 4s s2sn3cnsc. PUNCTUL 7 Du0nc.cscscul <n/+3+ b* sc h)*b)sc dc )b*3slc chs clulus% l+s<nd s+ sc /hd+ )c chs)ul s+u du0nc.cscsc b bun+/bsn3+ cc*chsc+: cclc dbu+ su*b*s /b* 2s sc4s s+"& <n <0)snc cu csns s*c subs bh*c% u*0h c dc <n *chgh lb* 2h0slsc% )cn *u ch b3s s+ bs cnchsc+ h"& sluDs )c Db0nulQ Cc bucu*bhsc <l <n <0)sn+Q C< dc *ccunbsc+ bh*c <l shlu +Q C< dc cu* cns bh*c <l bs)c3cscQ Ph*c"0s"sc c+ b 4s /+d )c Mh* h ncs)us dc <ndh b*s bh*c 4s )c Mhgdhlcnh subs bh*cQ Cu cc su/c*hn+ bl<ndc3c <ns+ /h 2s *+s)uns Db0nul ss03s*ss lb*Q <l /b* 2s h4c.h lh 0sDlbc% clc <n *cc<ndu"sc ch dbs sc*h2s0s% <n *h*s)<ndu"sc *ccs)*bc% unh subsnd 4s cchlhl + sluDsnd. <l /b* 2s cbndus <n cch 0hs <0)bdbbs + <nc+)c*c% /*chu s+ .sc <n ccn *ul sns0ss lb*% sh* hcblb nu /b* 2s )sc*du nscs b cls)+ 2+*+ h"s hscul h cbn/c*sh3sh cc*chsc+% 2+*+ h"s sh/u*h )*c.cn3h ds/sn+. B% u% ch*c"& )*s0c4 s hs +.s )c hcclh4s Bhs)c c Ds/sn% sh sch0h c+ h 4s hDuns lh )b*3slc bu.clb* hlc% lh chs clul )sc) ulus +u% shl c su2lc ul dc 0ul3u0s*c c+"& )*s0c4 c% <0)*cun+ cu bh c 2hcul +3slc 4s ss03u*slc shlc% 2+*+ ch nscs unul s+ 2sc hbscn . Shs+"s <n <n <0)s"nh*c sslsn3h Mh* cs .4s c/lh/sh M+*scs: <n c3chsc+"3s"sc c*cdsn3h% )*snd+"3s )u c*s s)c*hn3h% <ncsng+"3s"sc d*hgbs ch 4s cbndu"& <n ccn *ul <0)bdbbs hl sns0ss hlc. PUNCTUL 6 Cclc dbu+ su*b*s <4s <0)h* cclc dbu+ sluDbc ds2c*s c% chsh* dhc+ <nd*c) h c h0<ndbu+ c+ *c hccch4s sluDs*c ds/sn+. Mh* h d+
689
CUMSNCCTBRUL
2ugh s+ )*cg+ chsc+ dcs2+ h*ch 0h c*shl+% M+*sh *+0<nc )c lbc% bucu*<ndu"sc dc cch s)s*s uhl+: Mh* h g+ c4 c 0<nch*ch% M+*sh sh/u*ch.+ h*hnh <n/+3+ u*ss cc*c4 s 4s% ch unh cc bbs4nush s+ 4hd+ lh )scsbh*clc <n/+3+ b*ulus cs% g+ssndu"4s hcblb sc* h*ch% hcu0h chu + 0<ng<sc*ch: cch )bc+s + c hcu0 <nd*+gbs s +. Cu c< + )l+cc*c /h 2s dh hDu b* <0)+*+ c4 ss )*c.cn3c ds/sncQ C< dc hbsb*bs + <l /h 2s hscul h )c C*ss bs /b*bsndQ Cu c< + g*sD+ /h 2s )+s *h cu/sn clc dc /sh3+ /c4nsc+Q B% cc 0<ng<sc*c ss0 c un su2lc h4 c*nu lh )scsbh*clc Db0nulus% du)+ cc"& /h 2s )*s0s Q Cc *ug+csunc 2blbss bh*cQ Cc cb0unsch*c )l+cu +Q Mh* h sc )l<ngc Db0nulus c+ sb*h cs h l+sh "b ssngu*+% 0+* u*sssndu"4s sncghls h ch sluDbcs% dh* Db0nul b lsns4 c4 c cu /b*bc dc 0h*c <n/+3+ b*% .sc<nd? >Mh* b% Mh* b% bh + sslsn3h h )cn *u h*hnh *u)ulus c ulbu*h*c% cs lsns4 s*c cch h s)s*s ulus. Hdc/+* .sc c+ nu0hs un 2cl dc 0<nch*c c *cbusncsbs% 4s hcclh d+ /sh3+ /c4nsc+? bsnc h 4 su M+*sh s+ hlchg+." Hscul +% su2lc c% cu0 4s 3sc lh 2cl <3s s)unc Db0nul% u% )c ch*c c dss *hg bunu*slc )sc*s bh*c% ch*c c <ng*sDc4 s dc buch clc )+0<n" ulus. Nu cCss + bs)+3 )*ccu0 Ds/snul Shc*h0cn : h)*b)sc" c dc Msnc 4s bucu*+" c dc bs<ndh"0s )*c.cn3+% )*s0c4 c"0+ <n )sc) ul +u 4s s hs hscs cu 0snc% c+cs hcchs h c 2c*scs*ch )+0<n ulus: nu )sc*dc cls)h cch bun+ h uncs s2sn c 4s <n2l+c+*h c Cb0unsuns. T PUNCTUL ( C< dc *ccunbsc+ bh*c /h 2s *+0hs Mhgdhlcnh )cn *u <ndbs ul hh <*% c< dc dc.h0+gs + Mh* h dc 2h) ul c+ nu cCss + 0<nch*c 0hs bun+ dcc< <n2*u) h*ch dsn *u Db0nul% )+scu ul <n/+3+ u*ss cc*c4 s 4s sh/u*h*ch )*c.cn3cs shlc ds/sncQ Nu h scbs nscs un cu/<n M+*sh% )c dc"h"n *cgul cu2undh + <n subs*c 4s 0ul3u0s*c% sh* csnc )*s0c4 c hsc0cnch hh <*u*s dc lh Du0nc.cul s+u nu sc us + lh Dsgns*slc h)*bh)clus: /b*bc4 c cu sns0h ncs)us dc subs bh*c% l+s<nd /b*bclc <n sch0h 2h) clb*. <n/h3+ u% b% su2lc c hl 0cu% s+ h)*ccsc.s 4s s+ hducs 0ul3u0s*s? 2sc"3s lhudc sus)snclc% 4s b cb0unsunc )lsn+ dc *ccunb4 sn3+ 2sc dh*ul cclcslhl c: /b*bc4 c cu sns0h dhc+ subc4 s 4s ssngu*h"3s )*cbcu)h*c 2sc <ng*sDs*ch 4s cu* cns*ch Db0nulus )c ch*c l"hs )*s0s . Cul s/1"3s b 0h*c sc<*b+ dc bh c <ndcs ul+*slc b0cnc4 s 4s )b2 c4 c nu0hs 0<nch*c ds/sn+: 0hs h)*bh)c <3s cs c 3sc Db0nul dcc<
MCDSTHSH &&
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PUNCTUL & /b0)h*+ bun+ h ch lus Sbss2 cu c*u.s0ch 2*h3slb* s+s? b3s uncl csc /<n.h*ch. H cusO H unus 2*h c% /*cdnsc% )*sn dusb4sh lus% dc h 2s subs % 4s )h4nsc% )*sn nc/snb/+3sc. Dc ccO Nu )cn *u /snslc lus. cs )cn *u hlc hl b*h. Hlc cusO Hlc unb*h )c c< dc du40+nb4s% )c"h < dc ncc*cdsncsb4s% )c"h < h dc bh*bh*s% )c c< dc cgs)3scns. Pc c< O Pc )*c3ul 4s nc/snb/+3sh unus 0scl. Cu cc /b*bcO Hcb)c*sndu"& dc snDu*ss% nu0sndu"& db0n )*c2+cu 4s cb)lc4sndu"& cu bc+*s ch )c un sbh*c /ssh 7B. Cu0 hnu0cO Dc.b*+c<ndu"& dc unsch% dhc+ nu 2+*+ cus+ u*s% lung+ <ns+ )<n+ lh c+lc<s Undc"& h*unc+O <n )us sh unus Cgs) % <n us h*ch uncs c0ns3c. Su2lc c% csnc bh*c cs c hdc/+*h ul Sbss2% /<ndu % snsul h 4s 0hl *h h O P*chbunul Ssus% /*cdnsc s+ 2sc subs ch 2*h c 4s /cnc*h ch s +)<n. Csnc &"h /<ndu O Tu% 2+) u*+ Dbsnsc+ 4s sng*h +. Pc c< O Pc un sn c*cs Dbsnsc% )c b dcs2+ h*c 0u*dh*+. Cu0 hnu0cO P+c+ usnd cu h < h nc2*sc+. b2cns<ndu"& cu h < h nc*u4snh*c. Dc c< c b*sO <n 2scch*c .s% <n 2scch*c cchs 4s"n 2scch*c cls)+. Tulbu*+" c% h4hdh*% h.s% c<nd hDungs <n du0nc.cshsch lus )*c.cn3+% cu 0hs 0ul c0cs dcc< 2*h3ss lus Sbss2% c+cs <l /c.s hscs% nu ch /scc*cgc hl Cgs) ulus% cs ch <0)+*h hl Cc*ulus: dhc+ hcclh hscuns% hccs h hcb)c*s : dhc+ hcclh lc d+*ush gnu% Db0nul hccs h 3s sc d+ <n )<snc. Hhs% *ccunbh4 c"3s *+d+*slc <nhsn c dc h"s )*s0s hh <*u*slc: *bhg+"& s+ c sc* c% <nhsn c dc h c )b2 s cl: h*unc1"s" c lh )scsbh*c <nhsn c dc h ss03s c+ c4 s l<ng+ cl: h0cs cc+"3s lhc*s0slc <n b+u u*+ 4s 0+n<nc+"3s ccnu4h )cns cn3cs cu )<snch bs)+3ulus +u.
7( 7B
PUNCTUL 7 G<ndc4 c" c lh )*chbl<ndul Sbss2% cu c< + subs*c *+s)undc u*ss 2*h3slb* s+s: nu sc 0ul3u0c4 c s+"s g+.dushsc+ lh cl hchs+% cs <s )unc <nl+un *ul *+*unchslb* s+s: )*cschs0b+ *+.bun+*slc unus b2cnsh <n db/c.slc dc h2cc3sunc hlc unus <nd*+gbs s % *ccunbsc<ndu"s )c ccs cc nu"& 0hs cunbscusc*+ 4s csns sndu"s )c ccs cc"& snsul hsc*+: <s <nl+n3usc4 c cu <0b*+3s4+*s d*+g+s bhsc )c ccs cc"& lcghsc*+ cu 2*<nghss ncb0cnbhsc 4s% <n lbc dc lh3 dc g*u0h.% lc d+ <n schs0b <0b*+3s4+*s subs bh*c: sc s *+dusc s+"s <0bbg+3chsc+ )c ccs cc"& dcs)ushsc*+ 4s"s hcb)c*+ dc dh*u*s )c ccs cc"& hcb)c*ssc*+ cu bc+*s: <s *c.c4 c hs 2cl )c ccs cc"& sbcb ssc*+ hdb*0s 4s=& hdb*+ hsc/ch )c ccl )c ch*c"& dss)*c3ussc*+ /ssh : nu dbh* lc d+ g*<ul <n c+u h*ch c+*ush /cnssc*+% cs <s h4h.+ lh 0hsh lus 4s"s s+*b+ b*c4 c cu un bs)+3 s *+lucs . B% bun+ h c ds/sn+Q B% 0+*sns0sc dc nc<n3clcs h )*chdulcclus 0scl SsusQ <n hccch4s nbh) c <n ch*c 2uscsc )*cdh % ch *+.bunh*c% du40hnslb* s+s% sc d+ )c ssnc )*sc cnslb* ch h*hn+% )*cschs0b+ h0+*+csunslc <n dulcc3u*s% *sdsc+ )hhh*ul cu s<ngclc s+u <n csns ch bh0cnslb* cc uncl csc s+ s"& bch% sh* c<nd cs chu + s+"& 0+n<ncc dc /su dsn )s.0+% Cl ls sc d+ s)*c bs)+ h*c dsn d*hgbs c? <nchsn+ dulcch3h Pb s*ulus s+u <n csns ch cclb* cc"s )*cg+ csc 2sc*ch 4s b3c ul: /*ch s+ )+ *und+"n )sc) ul cclb* cc s hu s+"s s)sn ccc cbhs h% h)uc+ )<snch cu 0<snslc dh*nscc ch*c s hu s+ 2sc g+u*s c dc cusc% lc <n sndc lb* cu 0+*sns0sc bc0hs c<nd cs sc )*cg+ csc s+ s lc *+s sgnchsc+ cu c*u.s0c% <ndulcc4 c cu lh) c 4s 0sc*c gu*slc cc s hu s+"& scus)c <n bb*h.. S)unc"0s hcu0h% )+c+ bsulc% )b3s bh*c s+"3s <nchs)us b 0hs 0h*c nc*ccunb4 sn3h dcc< h h shu b 0hs 0h*c bun+ h c dcc< cch h Db0nulusO Cb0)h*+ hccs c dbu+ cC *c0c 4s h*unc+" c lh )scsbh*clc unus 2*h c h < dc bun% *ccunbsc<ndu"3s /snh% s0)lb*<nd sc* h*ch )c ch*c nu sc )bh c s+ 3s"b *c2u.c ccl cc 3s sc d+ )c dc"h"n *cgul ch h*hn+. PUNCTUL 6 Sbss2% us <nd b2cnsclc /cchs% n+scbcc4 c hh <*u*s nbs 4s% c<nd bh + lu0ch )sc*c dc 2bh0c% )b*uncc4 c ch lb* s+ ls sc dch un bs)+3? >M<nch3s% lc s)unc cl% c+ cu s<n Sbss2% nu du40hnul% cs 2*h clc /bs *u% nu su)+*h % cs 0slbs s/." M<nchu ch 2l+0<n.ss% 4s cl <s sc*/ch lh 0hs+% 4s% cu bh c c+ s"h* 2s 0ul3u0s 4s cu )<snc gbhl+ ch s+"4s )b blchsc+ 2bh0ch% ls sc"hduc 2clu*s g+ s c )cn *u dcs2+ h*ch lb*: nu *</ncsc lh bcl4ugul snhcccssbsl% cs <s sh/u*ch.+ *bhdclc% sh* #cnsh0snul nc/snb/h % ch un lu)hn c+*ush s sc bh lu)ss lh gu*+7A% <n2ulcch dc dbu+ b*s 0hs 0ul dcc< b3s ccslhl3s. B% u ch*c c"hs h4c.h lh 0hsh Hl h*ulus% *ccunbh4 c"& )c bunul +u 2*h c Ssus% ch*c nu nu0hs c )b2 c4 c% cs 3s sc 4s d+ ch h*hn+: h*c <nc*cdc*c <n snc% <n *uc< <3s sn *+"n )sc) 4s"3s )+ *undc <n *+*unchsQ Sh h0sn c s+ nu *+dc.s sh*+4s% s+/<*4snd nbs )+ch c% 0+n<nc+ )*ccu0 un 2l+0<nd 4s hs s+
cunb4 s sh3ul% c+cs% )c c<nd ccslhl3s )sc* dc 2bh0c% 3sc <3s )*ssbscsc bun+ +3slc: 0+n<nc+ cu ncs2shl+ 4s <nc*cdc*c% c+cs chsh% 0hsh hcchs h% 2ssnd hlc lus Ssus% 2*h clc +u% s<n hlc hlc% 4s"3s s)unc? >Cu s<n Ssus% )c ch*c u l"hs /<ndu 4s l"hs )c*sccu h % dh* nu s<n su)+*h % cs sc* + b*: h)*b)sc" c dc 0snc 2+*+ ch0+ 4s h4h.+"0+ cu d*hgbs c <n *+*unchss +s." PUNCTUL ( K*h3ss sc /b* 2s <n b*s )c c< dc *ccunbsc+ b*s% )c"h < dc 0ul3u0s3s% 2sc )cn *u bsnc2hcc*slc )*s0s c% 2sc )cn *u b2cnsclc us h c. Cu0 <4s /b* 0hs 2s /+.u dc d*u0 )*bsl+/sndu"4s nb*bcul% dcbh*ccc% c<nd sc c0chu 0hs 0ul dc )cdc)sc% hu h/u )h* c dc csns s*s 4s hh <*u*sQ Cu c< + s<*gusn3+ /b* 2s 0c*s s+ duc+ /c4 slc cclc bunc h +lus lb* dcs)*c 2sul s+u% Sbss2 ccl /su% bc0hs cs ch*c s lc duscsc*+ bdsnsbh*+ h < dc *ss c% c<nd <l sbcb ssc*+ csb)<*3s Q Cu0 sc /b* 2s bucu*h <0)*cun+ cu bunul lb* )+*sn c dc nb*bcul cc d+dusc 4s )cs c 2*h clc lb*Q s cu0 /b* 0hs 2s hl c*nh <n )*s/sn3h lus 0ul3u0s*slc 4s )*bsl+/s*slc Cc*ulusQ Sc /b* 2s <n *ccu s+ )b/cs chsc+ sh*+4s 4s sh*+4s <n <0)lh*ch 4s nu sc /b* 2s 0ul3u0s cu *clh h*ch unush ssngu* dsn *c cs% cs sc /b* 2s <n *ccu 2scch*c <n )h* c s+ b *c)c c. Su2lc c% 0hs 0ul dh b*c.s cus <3s sh* + 0hs 0ul . Cc 0ul3u0s*s sc chdc s+"s hducs unus Db0n ch*c dc h < ch b*s c"h sc* h 4s c"h h4c.h lh 0hs+ cu d<nsulQ Du /c4 slc cclc bunc Th +lus Cc*csc: hDung+ )<n+ lh Cc* nbslc c<n +*s hlc *ccunb4 sn3cs hlc% <n *c"c<ndu" c b dh + 4s dc 0ul c b*s s+"3s )*bclh0s nb*bcul 4s s+ 0c*gs dcscb*s lh Mhsh Hl h*ulus.
7A

PUNCTUL &
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ugc + cu0 sc )*cg+ c4 c hccs 0h*c )+c+ bs ch s+ )bh + h)+*ch <nhsn ch Ds/sncs cu/ssn3c: <4s <n *cgc4 c cu s0c*cnsc b cc"s ls)sc4 c ch /s* u c: <4s hd<ncc4 c )*b)*sh cunbh4 c*c dc ssnc ch s+ sc )bh + *sdsch lh <n+l3s0ch cch dc nch sns: nu g+sc4 c <n cl <nsu4s dcc< /sns% sh* <n Du0nc.cu 0slbs cnss. >Csnc s<n cu% /h 2s s)us cl% dc cu c. s+ sn *u <n chsh Db0nulusO Cu h < dc *+u% sh* Cl h < dc bunQ Cu un )+c+ bs *cs)sng+ b*% 4s Cl Db0n h < dc subs b*Q Cu s<n un /sc*0c Dbsnsc 4s% ch h h*c% 0c*gc"/bs <*<ndu"0+ )c )+0<n )<n+ lh c0)lul s+u. T*cbus"/h bh*c s+ hduc+ Db0nul bh c dc lh Cl% c<nd cu unul nu h0 ns0sch 4s dc ns0sch nu"s bunO H0 2bs un 0bns *u <n )+c+ us*c% cs Db0nul c un )*bdsgsu <n sc* h*c: <nc*c.+ b* )*sn u*0h*c <n bun+ h ch lus )c c< dc ulbu*h dc *+u h ch 0ch% chsh* h4h% )*h2 su)+*+ b*% glbd nccu*h cu0 s<n % *cbusc s+ sn *u h.s )c )b*3slc chscs shlc." U*c<nd% sc <n <lnc4 c cu un 2h*sscu 4s sc ulbu*+ 4s 0hs h*c ch )+c+ bs cc sc /cdch% lh /cdc*ch cclus )c ch*c"l cbnssdc*h bglsnd+ h /s* u3ss% c+cs <n b*scc g+sc4 c )*scsn+ dc s0c*cnsc. Cu0)+nc4 c% b% u ch*c *cbusc s+ u*cs h.s lh c0)lu nu dbh* ch s+ /b*bc4 s cu Db0nul% cs ch s+"& )*s0c4 s: nu dbh* ch s+ 4c.s <nhsn ch lus% cs ch s+ 3s =& )us <nl+un *ul )sc) ulus% ch )+c+ bs h < dc <n*+s % cu c< + ulbu*h*c hs h c h)*b)shQ Nu u*ch <n chs) dc 2h*sscu% cs <n chs) dc /h0c4 s0c*s ? nu )+4s cu )hsul *u2scs% cs h2und+" c <n )*b)*sh"3s Dbsnscsc% 0+* u*ssc4 c"3s nc/*cdnscsh 4s sn/bc+ sn2sns h 0slbs s/s*c. PUNCTUL 7 #h0c4ul sn *+ <n c0)lu c0+ b*% c+cs dbh* *cs)cc ubs nu h* 2s dc hDuns. Dh* cc c dc 0s*h*c c<nd /cdc cu *c0u*<ndu"sc )<n+ 4s cblbhnclc Cc*ulusO Csnc s"h <ndc)+* h dsn )*scsnh )+ch ulus *+0<nc dc)h* c dsn u0slsn3+% hlcgc )cn *u ssnc lbcul ccl 0hs nc<nsc0nh % sbcb sndu"sc ccl 0hs 0h*c )+c+ bs: nscs dc Kh*sscu nu
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MCDSTHSH &7 68B
cu ch.+ h sc h)*b)sh% cu h < 0hs )u3sn dc Du0nc.cu: ccl cc nu <nd*+.nc4 c s+ h)h*+ <n lu0c chu + un unghc* hl c0)lulus% 4s chsh* 4s hccs h <s )h*c hh <* nc0c*s h : nu cu ch.+ h )*s/s Cc*ul% dcbh*ccc 4 sc c+ h )+c+ us <0)b *s/h lus: <4s s.bc4 c )sc) ul cu lb/s u*s *c)c h c% )cn *u ch 2sc% /snb/h % s+"& )cdc)schsc+% 2sc% hdb*0s % s+"& *c.chsc+: <4s chch0+ sns0h 4s chch0+ Cc*ul% ch s+"s <ndusb4c.c )c h0<ndbs. >Dbh0nc% .scc cl% 2ss bsnc/bs b* 0sc% )+c+ bsulus dc 0snc% h4h cu0 lc c4 s u u*b*h"% ccch cc <nsc0nh? >Dbh0nc% cus<n )+c+ bsul% Tu sc* + b*ul: 0h*c c sc+lb4sh 0ch% 0slbs s/s*ch h 4s 0hs 0h*c. Dbh0nc% 0h*c sc* h*c% du)+ bun+ h ch h 4s du)+ 0ul3s0ch <ndu*+*slb* hlc% 4 c*gc 0ul3s0ch )+ch clb* 0clc." Cbn c0)l+% su2lc c hl 0cu% )sldh hcchs h dc )cns cn3+? dhc+ #h0c4ul sc sbcb c4 c nc/*cdnsc s+ /b*bchsc+ 2sc 4s dc lh dss hn3+ cu Du0nc.cu% cu0 *cbusc s+ /ss u ch s+"& )*s0c4 sO Cl *+0<nc <n *"un unghc*% cu0 bh*c
cu c.s u s+ c h)*b)ss dc Hl h*O Cl nu <nd*+.nc4 c s+ dcschsd+ bchss ch s+"& /hd+ )c Du0nc.cu% sh* u dcschs.s gu*h ch s+ c cu0snccsO Cl <4s s.bc4 c )sc) ul <nhsn ch Db0nulus% sh* u <l sn *bducs <n )sc) ul +uO Cl sc ns0scc4 c ch )+c+ bs% sh* u% <nc+ 4s 0hs 4s ch cl% nscs nu c ulbu*sO Cu0 dc nu <nhl3s glhsul ch s+ s *sgs Db0nulus? >Kss"0s bsnc/bs b* 4s 0sc% dc4s s<n ccl 0hs 0h*c dsn *c )+c+ b4s. Dbh0nc% 0h*c <0s c *+ +cs*ch% 2sc"3s 4s sc* h*ch 0h*c. Dbh0nc% <n 0snc cs c sc+lb4sh% cs <n snc 0slbs s/s*ch"O PUNCTUL 6 B% )u c*nsc+ s0c*cnscQ G<ndc4 c c< c ch dc )l+cu + Db0nulus? #h0c4ul nu )+*ch s+ hsb+ ns0sch bun dcc< s0c*cnsh% sh* Kh*sscul ns0sc hl cc/h *+u dcc< *u2sh% sh* hccch h < dc 0ul h )l+cu Db0nulus% <nc< &"h hdus undc s + ch% 4s hcchs h &"h su)+*h <n *"h < h% <nc< &"h )+*+ss dc b . <ng<02h*ch &"h h*unch )c Kh*sscu dsn lbcul ccl 0hs dc sus% sh* u0slsn3h &"h <n+l3h )c #h0c4 dsn ccl 0hs dc Dbs% c+cs nu"s ncbbs4nus ch *u2sh s+ 2hc+ dsn <ngc*s dc0bns% du)+ cu0 u0slsn3h 2hcc dsn )+c+ b4s <ngc*s. Du0nc.cu sc us + hs 2cl lh ccl cc nu <nd*+.nch s+"& )*s/chsc+ 4s"4s <ndc)+* ch.+ )*s/s*ch dc lh ccl 0ul3u0s dc ssnc <nsu4s: hh*ul ds/sn u0)lc )sc) ul )c ch*c <l u0)lusc ulbu*h*ch% 4s ccl *cs)sns dc Kh*sscu cs c )*s0s dc c+ *c <ngc*s. #h0c4ul sc )b0cnc4 c )u Du0nc.cul 4s Db0nul s+u <n l+un *u"s )*sn hh*% <l 4s bs)c3c4 c <n sns0h sh. Cc 0ul3u0s <l hdb*+% cc subs b* <l <0b*+3s4ch.+% cc 2c*scs <l dcgus +Q Su2lc c% /snb cu s0c*cnsh h lh Hl h*% c+cs h4h /*ch Db0nul s+ 2sc )*s0s : nu cCss + 0hs bun+ bs)c3sc )cn *u hsc0cnch <n+l3s0c
78
cch 0hs 0h*c% 4s )u c*ch% ch*c s"h 2bs dcb)b *s/+: 4s bh + 0+*c3sh% bbg+3sh% h* h% b*nh0cn h3sh 4s 0hscs h ch hu h/u d*c) scb) h4c.h*ch unus Chs/b cc nu c*h dcc< b u0b*+% un ss0bbl% b *c)*c.cn h*c h hccs us shc*h0cn )*chdu0nc.cscsc. Cu0)+nc4 c hs +.s u% ch*c *cbusc s+ h4c.s <n )sc) ul +u nu u0b*h% cs lu0snh <ns+4s: nu ss0bblul% cs <ns+4s *chls h ch: nu Chs/b ul Lcg+0<n ulus% cs )c <nsu4s Db0nul 4s Du0nc.cul <0)+* +4s ? bh*c cc c0)lu dc c/lh/sc h* *cbus s+ cbns *usc4 s uO Cc Shndh Shnct!"" h dcs+/<*4s*ss 4s s2sn3cnscs <n 0sc.ul sns0ss hlcO Dhc+ Sblb0bn h chcl us 4h) c hns ch s+ <nhl3c Tc0)lul ccl 0h c*shl% u 2blbsc4 c 0+ch* 4h) c cchsu*s ch s+"3s )*cg+ c4 s su2lc ul% c<nd dc 2h) 4s b /c4nscsc h* 2s )u3sn. <n *chc+"sc /s* u3slc cu )sc *clc scu0)c% u*0c.c"s hu*ulus s *+lucs b* subs*ch h)*sns+% )*c2hc+"sc lc0n+*sslc bsnc 0s*bss bh*c <n *ug+csuns 0s*cs0h c% h*b0clc <n sus)snu*s% 4s *bnc.c nu sub sls h ch 0c4 c4ugs*ss% cs 2*u0usc3ch hh*ulus. PUNCTUL 7 H /cns .suh 2cs s/+% )c"h < dc /cnc*h +% )c c< dc db*s +% h <nchsn+*ss Tc0)lulus: s"h s *<ns b Ss*hclul ch s+"& g+.dushsc+ 4s s+"& csns chsc+ )c 0h*clc"s Du0nc.cu? /cnchu cu b3ss <0b*+ch3s s+*b+ b*c4 c 4s <n2+4u*h3s <n c/lh/sc? h*dchu Dc* 2clc dcb)b *s/+ cu sns0slc <n2l+c+*h c: 2ssnd b s+*b+ bh*c bb4 chsc+ h u u*b*h% s"hu
<0)+* +4s cu b3ss% 0h*s 4s 0scs% s+*hcs 4s bbgh3s% dsn 0<ng<sc*ch uns/c*shl+. Dsn *c b3s s"h *c0h*ch <ns+ c*cdsncsbsul su/c*hn% d<ndu"lc u u*b*h <nsc0n 4s )sld+. S"h l+sh s+ chd+ <n gcnunchs 4s bchss 4s s"h h3sn s c+ *c cc*% cu0)+nsndu"4s .bb*ul *ug+csunss cu lcs ul s0c*cnscs% 4s h 2bs h < dc c2schcc% <nc< &"h h *hs )c Db0nul cu *ugslc shlc. Tc0)lul s"h u0)lu dc"b ncgu*+ <n unccbhs+% /+l cu/ssncsbs )cs c snhcccssbslh 0hscs h c snc*ch +. S"hu ss03s cu b3ss sc+ldh3s dc 0<ng<sc*c 4s hu *ccunbscu dc 2h3+ slh/h Db0nulus 4s Du0nc.culus lb*. Su2lc c% cc 2hs s+*b+ b*csc )*cg+ c4 s u <n .suh <n ch*c c cu0snccsO Sh sch0h c+ )sc) ul +u sc s2sn3c4 c ch c0)lu 4s s+lh4 hl lus Du0nc.cu <nsu4s. Tbh c 2hcul +3slc hlc dch 2ugh lh 0h*ch sblc0ns h c: sns0h 2sc"3s Shndh Shnd!ru" <nsu2lc3s undc s+"4s 2lu u*c h*s)slc Sn clcc ul% hc*u/s0 0snunh % 4s #bsn3h% sc*h2s0 <n2l+c+*h . Bucu*c"3s"sc l+un *ul dc nu0clc lus s2<n 4s c<n c"s ls0bh h lhudclc: sh h0sn c% cbbbh*+ Db0nul <n/+lus dc ncgu*h hccsdcn clb* <n sn s0s h ch *+*unchslb* +s.
688
PUNCTUL & 8, bunulc Ssus% Du0nc.cul 0cu 4s Db0nul 0cu% c< dc <nsc h u0bls <n c+u h*ch uncs 2c0cs h < dc sh ss2+cu c dc /snslc csQ Jbsnsc+% dh? nc2c*scs +% nu% )cn *u c+ d+ dc 4s)b ul 2c*scs*slb*. B% cu0 sc cunbh4 c% Dbh0nc% c< )*c3usc4 s u su2lc clc 4s c+ )cn *u unul ssngu* hs 2s 2+cu b h < h c< )cn *u bh cQ Cc c dc 0s*h*c c+ hs /cns dc dc)h* c ch s+ b chu3s% dc /*c0c cc bc0hs dsn Cc*ul Su)*c0 hs cbbb*< O Nu 0+ 0snunc. c+ c /+d n+du4snd cls)+ dc cls)+% dc /*c0c cc <n *"b bun+ .s /cs n+du4s s<ngc 4s cl /h cu*gc <n 4u/bhsc dsn *+nslc hlc% dh* cc us + bh*c dc Tsnc sh0h*snchnch% )c c<nd Tu b )+s *c.s h < dc bsnc <n 0c0b*sc 4s chsh* <n sns0+Q Nc4 su bh*c dc h/u3sslc cclc /c4nscc% hsd*b)sc+69 dc )l+cc*slc"s )sc*s bh*c% chu + bh.snclc c*+)h c 4s )+*+sc4 c s./b*ul dc h)+ /sc. C< dc )u3sn g<ndch s+ g+schsc+ hdc/+*h h 2c*scs*c cc n"h/ch hl g<nd dcc< s+ b g+schsc+ ch <ns+4s )c d<nshQ #cnch <n c+u h*ch h)cs% ss0bbl hl sh ss2hc3sslb* *cc+ bh*c% 4s h g+ss /<nh 2+*+ dc s2<*4s h hh*ulus. B% su2lc c hl 0cu% sh + c+ hs +.s lh 2cl 3s sc <n <0)l+ 4s 3scQ U0bls dc.b*scn h <n c+u h*ch sh ss2hc3sslb* #*c0clnscc% sh* Db0nul c h4 ch) +% dhc+ nu lh 2<n <nh lus Shcb/% lh cch dsn Hl h*% hdc/+*h s./b* )c*cn hl s<ngclus 4s hh*ulus s+u. Hhs% h)*b)sc" c <nsc h dc cclc csncs s./bh*c dc 0<n us*c% lhs+" c g+ss dc ccl cc c chu +% 2blbsc4 c )*slcDul 4s"3s /cs s sngc sc ch db*sn3clb*. Scbh c dc hscs b hdc/+*h + cunbh4 c*c h 0slbs s/s*ss lus 4s h sc+lb4scs hlc% h us +*ss hlc 4s h g*sDss lus. PUNCTUL 7
C*ss bs <ncc)c s+ b )*cg+ chsc+ )cn *u ch ch s+"s )bh + )*s0s ncs2<*4s clc 0slbs s/s*s: 0hs <n <s <s cc*c s+ dch% 4s"s cc*c b )sc+ u*+
dc h)+% Cl% ch*c u*0ch.+ h"4s /+*sh b s<ngclc )cn *u ch% sc <ndh b*ch.+ cc*<nd )u3sn% )cn *u ch s+ dch Cl 0ul . B% cc <nsc h cs c s+ dchQ C< c dc db*nsc s+"4s <0)+* +4chsc+ dh*u*slc cc*c4 sQ Cu db* h0 db*s % .scc Db0nul <nsu4s% <n2b0c h dc sh3ul nbs *u: cc*c h)+% dh* c dc lhc*s0s bunc s+ cu*c3c su2lc ul% s+ <n+lbchsc+ cugc ul undc /h s+ sc hd+)bs chsc+: <s c sc c ch s+ nc"b s sngc0 nbs )c"h nbhs *+. Sh h0sn c% su2lc c% c+ Db0nul <nsu4s% <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h <n hccs Shc*h0cn )*chdu0nc.cscsc% <3s s)unc? >Su2lc c% d+"0s s+ bchu% <3s cc* lhc*s0s% 2sc"3s 0sl+ dc sc ch 0ch cc 0"h chsnus bh + /sh3h: nu"0s dh 2sc*ch nc*ccunb4 sn3cs% nscs b3c ul nc)sb4c"nscs hlc: /sc 0+ch* b lhc*s0+ /+*sh + )cn *u h < ch /snb/+3ss? dcs" chsd+"3s"sc s./bh*clc bchslb* c<nd cclc hlc s<ngclus 0cu 3s sc <0)+* +4csc <n )uhbhsc." <nchsn+ )cn *u M<n us b*ul +u cu lhc*s0s dc h0+*+csunc )cn *u ch Cl s+ c <nccc )c snc <n hbssu*s dc dulcch3+: scbh c dc"hscs un 0h*c dss)*c3 )cn *u dcs2+ +*slc lu0c4 s 4s b 0h*c sc c dc sh ss2hc3ss du0nc.csc4 s% ch s+ c bucu*s /c4nsc dc s./b*ul hccs h )c*cn dc hh*. PUNCTUL 6 K+) u*h cch Dbsnsc+ *c2u.+ nscs 0hs 0ul % nscs 0hs )u3sn dcc< C*ch b*ulus cs )sc+ u*h dc h)+ )c ch*c hccs h s" b cc*c. Cc sng*h s udsncQ Db0nulus <s cs c <ns+ h < dc s *+sn g<ndul dc"h b l+sh 2+*+ bc*b s*c% <nc< g+sc4 c <n *" hs h 0hs dcg*hb+ un )*slcD dc"h b hDu h: sh0h*snchnch sbcb c4 c c+ h*c dcs ul c0cs ch s+"s *c2u.c un )sc dc h)+% lh 2cl ch b3s hccsh ch*c sc cbdcsc s+"& sluDchsc+. Ssus% d<nd us +*ss *clclc sc*/scss% *+s)undc s +*usnd hsu)*h 2blbhsclb* nbhs *c. >B% 2c0csc% dhc+"hs cunbh4 c dh*ul lus Du0nc.cu% hnu0c )cn *u snc 4s hnu0c )cn *u <0)*cDu*h*ch hs hQ Dhc+"hs 4 s cu csnc /b*bc4 sQ Cu 0snc% s./b* ncscch hl u u*b* h/u3sslb*% 0sn+ h cb0b*slb*% bb<*4sc h 0<ng<sc*slb* cclb* hdc/+*h c: cc*c"0s u Msc nu0hs% 4s 3s"h4 d+*us nu b )sc+ u*+ dc h)+% cs un s./b* <n *cg dc 2c*scs*s 4s 0slbs cnss% ch*c 3<4nc4 c )<n+"n Cc* 4s hDungc )<n+ lh /sh3h cch/c4nsc+." Hscul +% bd*hslh 0ch: h)lchc+"3s% su2lc c% u*cchch% c+ hcclh4s luc*u 3s"& s)unc 4s 3sc Db0nul <nsu4s dc lh Hl h*. B% dc"hs 4 s% b% dc"hs cunbh4 c dh*ul dh*u*slb*% 0slh 0slclb* )c ch*c lc )*s0c4 s hs +.s cu0sncc<ndu" c. Dc"hs 4 s csnc"s 0h*clc Db0n )c ch*c"& <nchs.s <n )sc) ul +uQ Ssngu*h h h/u3sc% b lchcul% 0<ng<sc*ch%
MCDSTHSH &B 6'&
2c*scs*ch% /sh3h 4s ccn *ul +u: ssngu*ul ch*c"3s )bh c u0)lc sns0h 4s <0)lsns db*sn3clc% cu0 s"hs 0hs cc*c )<snch /sc3ss% cu0 hs 0hs 2*cc/cn h cu 4s 0hs 0h*c h*dbh*c s./b*ul hh*u*slb*% 0hsh Hl h*ulusQ <n c3c4 c"3s c*cdsn3h% <nsu2lc3c4 c"3s d*hgbs ch 4s culc+" c <nsc h cu 2h3h <n Dbs hsu)*h s./b*ulus <0bcl4ugh hl s<ngclus s+u% sbh*bc"s"&% hsd*b)sc% dsn *+ns 4s <0busb+" c% su2lc c% dc Du0nc.cu. PUNCTUL ( Du)+ cc &"h cunbscu )c C*ch b*ul 4s M<n us b*ul cs% cc 2c*scs + )lchc+ Sh0h*snchnch% dc/cnsnd dsn )+c+ bhs+% )*b)b/+dus bh*cQ Nu <n bh*cc% sng*h +% s)h clc s./b*ulus% cs )lchc+ dbh* ch s+ sc <n bh*c+ *ccunbsc+ bh*c sh*+4s 4s sh*+4s: 0c*gc s+"4s <0)+* +4chsc+ bsnclc <0)+* +4s % s+"s )l+ chsc+ 0slbs cnsslc cu lhudc% s+ sc bucu*c dc nb*bcul cs. Sn *+ <n cc h ch cs /cs sndu"& cu glhs 0h*c )c Mcssh ccl g+ss : )sc) ul nu"s 0hs <nch)c dc 0ul3u0s*c 4s hs 2cl <4s *c/h*s+ hsu)*h h)*bh)clus dsn )<*gh d*hgbs cs shlc: <s hdun+% nu dbh* 4h) c )cn *u b)*bb*su% cs )c b3s )cn *u csns s*c. Cu0)+nc4 c% su2lc c% cu c< 0hs *ccunbsc+ b* *cbusc s+ c h*+3s u Db0nulus% ch*c 3s"h d+*us h.s nu dbh* un ss0)lu s./b* dc h)+. cs )c bh c cclc csncs hlc s<ngclus s+u )*c3sbs% <nc< hs *+0hs sc+ldh <n hbssul 0slbs s/s*slb* shlc: s+"s 2ss *ccunbsc+ b* 4s /cs h/ch *ccunb4 sn3+: 2+" c c*hsnsc hl dh*u*slb* lus% <0)+* +4sndu" 3s u u*b*h 4s cu b3s 2c*scs*ch% c+cs dc"hccch sc nu0c4 c Cb0unsunc.
6&
C2. Sshsh, A% &"&(.
)h c% hsss h dc duhu*slc cu* cnc4 s% dsn *c ch*c unclc <l hdb*+% hl clc <l cbn c0)l+% dh* bh c <l lhud+ 4s"& )*ch0+*csc. Hscs cu hdc/+*h c+ su2lc ul +u 4s"h* )u ch )sc*dc cunb4 sn3h cu 0hs 0ul c0cs dcc< cchlhl + *cgsn+ dsn Msh.+.s67 <n )hlh ul )+0<n chnulus Sblb0bn: <n bh*cc"3s nu0hsdcc< bchss c*cdsn3cs c+ *c hccs )*ch"du0nc.cscsc Shc*h0cn 4s bbsc*/+ c+ Du0nc.cu <nsu4s% <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h % ch*c hcblb bcu)+ *bnul 0hscs ubs hl sn2sns cs shlc 0+*c3ss% hscs sc <ncs2*ch.+ <n hcchs + Bs sc cu ss0)ls h c subs bh*c: hcblb s0cns% hscs *c.u0h : hcblb h *+g<ndu"s /cnc*h3sc 0+*c3sh% hscs s <*nsnd db/c.s dc h2cc3sunc d*hgbs ch sh. G<ndc4 c" c% dhc+ h* *cbus s+ *ccs )*sn 0sDlbcul cc clb* <ngc*c4 s% c*bsndu"3s d*u0 )*sn *c sc*h*hss h*s)h c% cu hc*u/s0s dc"b )h* c 4s dc hl h ch s+ *ccs u% cu cc ch0+ hs )u*ccdc% cu cc s2shl+ c"hs h)*b)shQ Sh h uncs
h0sn c c+ )c <nsu4s Db0nul 4s Du0nc.cul <l /cs )*s0s h.s% <n 0sDlbcul sc*h*hsslb* nc/+.u c. Sh sch0h cu cc )*cg+ s*c /ss% cu cc h*s)s dc /s* u3s c h)*b)ss% sh* )*cg+ s*ch h s+ *s/hls.c.c cu cch h hc*u/s0slb* <n cunb4 sn3+ 4s cu h sc*h2s0slb* <n d*hgbs c. PUNCTUL 7 Duhu*slc cclc dbgb*s bh*c c*hu h < dc h)*b)sh c dc 0+*c3sh cch nc0+*gsns +. <nc< b hsss hu chsh* l<ng+ *bn% dc4s cbn snuhu s+ dch dsn h*s)s% ch s+ sc h)*b)sc 4s 0hs 0ul % c+cs cu c< <l cunb4 s 0hs 0ul )c Du0nc.cu% cu h < 0hs 0ul <l db*c4 s: sc 0ss usc dc subs*ch ds/sn+% 4s 0hs /<* bs ccs 0hs h)*b)sh3s% c+cs subs*ch nu dbh* <ng+dusc% cs unc4 c: subcsc 0ul 4s <nc+ 4s 0hs 0ul db*csc. Cu0)1nc4 c"3s hscs% b% su2lc c hl 0cu% nc)+sh*ch: cb0)h*+"3s *+cchlh cu 2bcul hcclh 4s s)unc cu0 dc <nd*+.nc4 s ch% dc un Du0nc.cu ch*c c 2bc 0ss us b*% s+ c h)*b)ss cu h < dc )u3sn+ <n2l+c+*h*cO Khcul +3slc hlc 2b* s2scc"3s sn clcc ul ch s+"& cunb4 s% /bsn3h ch s+"& subc4 s% 4s du)+ cc 0ul % 0hs 0ul 4s 0hs 0ul % c+cs ccch cc nu dbb<ndcsc duhu*slc h*s)h c cu 0+*c3sh lb*% dbb<ndc4 s u cu Dbsnscsh h% dcbh*ccc 3s sc <ng+dusc nu nu0hs s+ s hs <nhsn ch Db0nulus% b1 <nd dsn h*s)s% cs s+"& h sngs cu bu.clc% s+"& dcgu4 s <n gu*+% )<n+ cc"& hducs <nl+un *ul )sc) ulus +u. Dhc+ sc*h2s0slb* ls
67
MCDS0HDSH 15
6'6

PUNCTUL & #"%cl cc cs c sn/s h lh 0hsh unus )*sncs)c sc g<ndc4 c cu0 s+ sc )*cg+ chsc+% h4h <nc< s+ )bh + 2blbss )*slcDul: nu sc sh u*+ 0hs <nhsn c cu 0<nc+*u*s dc *<nd 4s g*bsblhnc c<nd sc h4 ch) + lh hl clc hlcsc 4s )*c3sbhsc: *+0<nc nc0<nch % h3<3<ndu"4s h)c s ul% 4s 2hcc bh*ccc 0s4ch*c ch s+"4s 2hc+ )b2 + dc 0<nch*c: /snc cu h)+ l+sh +"n gu*+ 4s cu 2bh0c <n *c3snu +% bh chsh* s <*ns + )cn *u cchsul )b *s/s % 0+n<nc+ du)+ )b2 h sns0ss 4s"s chdc bsnc. B% u% ch*c h.s c4 s sn/s h lh ccl 0hs 0h*c bs)+3 hl cclus 0hs 0h*c Mbnh*h% cu0)+nc4 c cu0 hscs b ul <ncc ch.+ h 0hs s dbh* 0h*c% dc/cnsnd sn2sns ? Db0nul ch*c 2hcc )b2 s*ch 4s bs)+3ul <nsu4s? dbh* bhs)c clc c un /sc*0c% 4s bc0hs )cn *u snc sc g+ c4 c bh + sn2sns*ch lus Du0nc.cu ch 0<nch*c. bh + 0+*c3sh Cc*ulus ch bhnchc % c+cs dhc+ P<snch cs c h <ngc*slb*% h*hnh cs c Db0nul <nsu4sQ #snb cu l+un *ul gbl dc bh c ch s+"& )*s0c4 s )c un Du0nc.cu cc u0)lc b ul% nu c ss03s ghs2 us dc cc)clc lu0ss c<nd 0+n<ncs P<snch Cc*ulus% c+cs <n lbc s+"3s dch /sh3+% <3s /h )*scsnus 0bh* ch: /snb s *+sn dc b*scc /sn+ lh bs)+3ul cu *cnu0clc dc "ulu"srch cch !un. Nu c <n2*u) h dsn buch c 2+*+ c+ldu*+. 2ssndc+ s<n su)*hsubs hn3shlc 4s nu 3s"h* c+dch bsnc: cbh) c% dh. lh 2bcul uncs *ug+csuns 2sc*bsn3s% 4s sh h0sn c c+ c/lh/sh c .hh+*ul hccs cs sh/u*bhsc 0<nc+*s dhlbc67. PUNCTUL 7 Lh bs)c3c% sc bbs4nusc4 c ch )lh bu*slc s+ 2sc dcscb)c*s c )c *<nd% )cn *u ch bhs)c3ss s+ )bh + hlcgc du)+ )*c2c*sn3c 4s 0<nch du)+ gus ul 2scc+*ush: c<nd c <ns+ /b*bh dc un bhnchc sb0) ubs lh ch*c sc sc*/csc 2clu*s 0ul c 4s hlcsc% 2scc+*us bhs)c c s sc d+ b lss + h u u*b*h% ch s+ 4 sc cc h*c dc 0<nch 4s s+"4s )+s *c.c h)c s ul
)cn *u 2clul )c ch*c 4s"& 4 su ch )c hl lb*% ch*c lc )lhcc ccl 0hs 0ul % ch s+"4s <0)h* + )*c2c*sn3clc 4s s+ sc bucu*c dc bh c cu *bs .
67h
B% u% ch*c c h4c.s h.s lh ncs21*4s ul bhnchc dcs2+ + b* cclcb*h dc )u c*ch Th +lus% *<ndus dc <n3clc)csunch Ksulus% g+ s dc 2bcul Duhulus S2<n Q Sh h0sn c c+ 2clu*slc dc 0<nch*c )*c3sbhsc s<n hcb)c*s c sub hccsdcn c hlc )<snss: /sn+ c*cdsn3h h ch s+ lc hduc+ lh /cdc*c% 4s u s+ lc bbsc*/s% )cn *u ch% 4 ssnd cc hs dc 0<nch % s+ 4 ss cu0 s"b 2hcs <n chs)ul ccl 0hs s.bu s . s sc /h dh b lss + h buch clb* 0s*hculbhsc? Mc"!rsh" kccst "srh!slsu" su!ru"''. Cs c4 c"b cu h cn3sc 4s /cs /cdch c+ .scc? Hscs sc sc*/c4 c un 0scl dc lh) c nc)*sh+ns % 2*+gc.s lh 2bcul d*hgbs cs shlc. B% cc 0<nch*c dclsch +Q Sh + b sns0+ subs bh*c dc su2lc c. B% cc 2cl gus bsQ B ls0b+ ch*c% dc4s dsn ch s./b*+sc 0hn+% lh) c 4s 0sc*c% h 2bs b u4s h0+*< + cu 2sc*c 4s b3c . Hs g*sD+ s+ b 0+n<ncs cu )l+cc*c hlchs+% 4 ssnd c+ nscs 0<snslc 4s )scsbh*clc s *+)unsc dc cusc nu s<n dc lc)+dh : cu0)+nc4 c hs 2cl cc 0+n<ncs 4s <0)h* c"3s c/lh/sh. PUNCTUL 6 Dcs)*c gus u*s% nu <nch)c 0s*h*c% nscs dsscu3sc: unss db*csc un 2cl dc 0<nch*c% hl3ss hl ul: cu h*c db*c4 c dulcch3h cb)sl+*scs lus Ssus% 4s cu h*c h0+*+csunch )h s0slb* shlc: hccs h chu + )s4c+ u*h dss)*c3us*slb*% hcclh sh*ch db/c.slb* lus dc subs*c: 2scch*c du)+ cu0 <s c duhul% 4s hs h ls sc )h*c luc*ul ccl 0hs bun: 4s h4h cu0 cbnsu0h b*ss dc buch c 0h c*shlc .+bb/csc hsu)*h cclb* sh/u*h c% >S+ nu nc g*+bs0"% .sc cs: >s+ *u0cg+0 2+*+ g*hb+% s+ 0cs cc+0 c0csnsc 4s b s+ nc chd+ bsnc": h4h sc <n <0)l+ 4s lh hccs bs)+3 Shc*h0cn hl? unss sc duc cu uccnscul subs lh )sc) ul <n/+3+ b*ulus lb* 4s% ch /ul u*ss% sc <n2*u) + dsn sns0h cch subs bh*c: hl3ss% <0)*cun+ cu Mhgdhlcnh% chu + )scsbh*clc% <n ch*c"4s g+scsc h*hnh s0c*cnscs: unul% cu )*chdulcclc Bc*nh*d 6(% cbhs h s *+)uns+% sh* hl ul% cu S2<n h Cch c*snh% ch)ul <0)uns dc s)sns6B: sc g+sc4 c 4s unul ch*c"s 2u*+ lus Sudh bb*h.ul 2blbss nc/*cdnsc% dh* ch*c nu s"h c+.u bsnc% dcbh*ccc s s"h h)lcch dc *+u h c. #snb lh bs)+3% su2lc c hl 0cu% 4s h*+nc4 c" c cu cc"3s /h 2s )l+c<nd 0hs 0ul % dc4s b ul c bun 4s b ul bsnc 2*+gc.s % h4h <nc<
66 6(
s+ )b3s 0<nch <n dc)lsn+ dcs2+ h*c: 0+n<nc+ )<snch <ngc*slb* ch un <ngc*: 0+n<nc1 h)*ccssnd% ch b )c*sbhn+% sh* nu ch un hns0hl% 2+*+ s+ 0ul3u0c4 s: sh sch0h c+ undc sc h2l+ T*u)ul Db0nulus% hcblb sc hdun+ hc/slclc *cghlc. PUNCTUL ( Bhs)c3ss )lsns dc )l+cc*c *+0<n <n Du*ul 0cscs% c+cs ss0)lh 0ul3u0s*c nu c cch 0hs bun+ )lh +: hccs h lhud+ un 2cl dc 0<nch*c% 4s ccl+lhl hl ul% 2scch*c )b *s/s )lhculus h/u : cu0)+ncsc bcl4ugul% lhud+ )*scc)c*ch lh g+ s % hd0s*+ 2cs snul% 0ul3u0snd )cn *u hccs h 4s bblsg<ndu"& )c Db0nul bs)+3ulus )cn *u <nc+ unul. Su2lc c% hs 0ul c dc )*bsl+/s hscs? lhud+ )c Du0nc.cu% dcbh*ccc )c Du0nc.cu l"hs 0<nch % hdu"s /c4nscc 0ul3u0s*s )cn *u b 0<nch*c sn2sns +: *+0<s <n *ug+csunc% c+cs hs h <nsch0n+ s+ s hs dc /b*b+ lh 0hs+ cu Db0nul bs)+3ulus: )*sn 4 ssn3h dc h"& )*bsl+/s h*h +"3s 0h*ch )l+cc*c )c ch*c hs ss03s "b 0<nc<ndu"&. Dc 2scch*c dh + *cbusc s+ /ss lh 0hsh hcchs h cu unul dsn u*0+ bh*clc g<ndu*s? h.s 0+n<nc sns0h cch gus bhs+ h Msclu4clulus lus Du0nc.cu% hl + dh + )scsbh*clc 4s 0<snslc *+ns c% c+cs chsh* dhc+"& 0+n<ncs <n <n *cgs0c% hs +.s <ns+ cu )b2 + dcbscbs + ch)ul <0)uns dc s)sns% sh* 0<snc cbhs h s *+)uns+% ls0bh h01*< + dc 2sc*c% <n *uc< 2scch*c hsc0cnch 2cl 0c*s + b"n *chg+ .s 4s chsh* b /c4nscsc <n *chg+.
C2. Luch, 7% 7B"6B.
MCDSTHSH &5
6'5
/+du/+% ch*c nu"4s 0hs Dclc4 c ssngu*+ h ch% cs"4s )*b2c3c4 c 0<n"g<sc*ch: bh c )+s+*slc hccs ch% unclc c<n +% hl clc ugusc lh *+s+*s ul h*s)h ulus Sbh*c Ds/sn cc"hducc 0<ng<sc*ch <n )cnclc lus% u0)l<nd dc lu0sn+ 4s bucu*sc b uns/c*sul. Cugc + cu0 s"h )*cg+ s s2<n ul Ss0cbn ch s+"& )*s0chsc+ )c Db0nul <n b*h3clc shlc dc .suh hcchs h: nu sc s)unc c+ c*h b+ *<n% cs d*c) 4s c0+ b* dc Du0nc.cu% c+cs <n s2<n h"s sluDs*c nu c sbcb c4 s du)+ hns% cs du)+ 0c*s c: cu d*c) cu/<n c0+ b*% 2ssndc+ csnc h*c h"& )*s0s h*c 4s h sc c0c dc cl: b*h3clc nu"s
*c0u*+ h < h dc b+ *<nc3c% c< dc s2shl+% db0snh c 2ssndu"s dc cbn4 ssn3h dclsch +. B% 0+*ch3+ *<ndus*cQ S+"& g+.dusc4 s 0hs <nhsn c <n su2lc ul +u )c Duhul S2<n % ch s+ )*s0c4 s h)bs <n b*h3c Cu/<n ul <n *u)h : h hscul h *+s)unsu*slc uncsh dsn *c )c*sbhnclc ds/snc% ch s+ dbb<ndchsc+ h)bs hh <*u*slc cclcslhl c. Cu0)+nc4 c u% su2lc c% ch*c h.s /h s+"& )*s0c4 s )c <nsu4s P*uncul Du0nc.cu% nu <n2+4h <n scu ccc% cs hcb)c*s dc hccsdcn c% cu0 hnu0c *cbusc s+ c )*cg+ c4 s bh + /sh3h% dhc+ s2<n ul Ss0cbn% ch s+ 4s"& hduc+ ccl 0ul lh s<n% s"h <n +*s h <3sh hns <n /s* u3s% sh* u nscs 0+ch* c< c/h cchsu*s ch s+"& sn *bducs <n )sc) ul +u. Cl% )cn *u b ssngu*+ .s% sc )*cg+ c4 c h < ch% sh* u% ch s+"& )*s0c4 s )cn *u h < ch% nu c )*cg+ c4 s nscs 0+ch* b .sO PUNCTUL 7 #sh3h s sc b2slch% dh* n+dcDdch <s *c<n/c*.ch: Cc*ul 4s"h 3snu 2h3+ dc cl cu/<n ul 0hs bsnc dcc< lu0ch )c"hl cs: h hDuns lh c0)lu <n cls)h <n ch*c sc s/ch hu*b*h 4s% dcschs.<ndu"4s bchss bs cns3s dc )l<ns% h *ccunbscu )c Sbh*clc Ds/sn )*sn *c *u0cnclslc <nb0c"ns*ss shlc: nu sc /h 2s 0ul3u0s s+"& )*s/chsc+ b ssngu*+ dh + du)+ cc" & db*ssc dc"h < ch b*s: )*s/ch hcch <nb0cns*c gsngh4+ 4s hd0s*h du0nc.cs*ch: /cdch un cb)sl 0scu3 4s hdb*h un Du0nc.cu sn2sns : /cnc*h un )*unc dc c< c/h .slc% P*sn3ul /c4nscsslb*. Cunbh4 c% su2lc c% c+ hs +.s c ducs s+"& chu3s lh c0)lu )c <nsu4s P*uncul Du0nc.cu: /c.s dhc+ c c+l+u.c4 c Duhul Ds/sn shu dhc+ c ducc bbs4nusn3h: dcschsdc bsnc bchss hsu)*h c*cdsn3cs 4s /cs /cdch b <n *uns*c dc 0snuns <n *"b 0sc+ Bs sc% un Du0nc.cu u*sh4% b subs hn3+ sn2sns + hcb)c*s + dc hccsdcn c: )*s0s"/cs <n *"b <0buc+ u*+ b Cc*ul 4s% )*c2+cu <n )<snch cch dc bh c .slclc% )c Du0nc.cu ccl #c4nsc.
CUMSNCCTBRUL
PUNCTUL 6 S2<n ul b+ *<n nu sc 0hs 0ul3u0c4 c dbh* s+"& /hd+% hn scs)ch.+ <ng+dusn3h cu hh <*ul% schs0b+ c0c*ch <n chldc ss03s*s% d+ dsn "h*s)s c+*un h lcb+d+ cu nc)*sh+ns*c s2<n +% ch s+ sc"h)*b)sc 4s 0hs 0ul : 0hs <nhsn c sc 0ul3u0ch s+"& /hd+% hcu0 /*ch s+"& <0b*+3s4c.c. B *bhg+ )c Kccsbh*+ s+ s"& dch )cn *u b cls)+% lus% ch*c"& db*c4 c b /c4nscsc: cch ch*c sc *bhg+ lh Du0nc.cu )cn *u b3s s"& hcb*d+ 0+*sns0bhs+. L"h luh <n b*h3c% <0b*+3s4<nd hs 2cl b Cc*ul: d*c) ch*c s+ nu )*ch0+*s0 cnsg0h dc h /cdch dbs cb3s dc Cc*% cs dc h /cdch hs +.s b Cc*ul <n dbs cb3s: hcccpst cu" sn ulnhs suhs65. S"h )*cschs0bh )c lbc dsn lcb+d+ <n sc*h2s0% hl c*n<nd lhc*s0s cu )bDh*u*s. Cc <0b*+3s4+*s <s /h 2s dh Q Cc hlsn u*s <s /h 2s s)usQ s )+*<ndu"s"sc c+ nu 0hs h/ch ns0sch dc /+.u % chu + s+ <nchsd+ bchss: nc0hsh/<nd ns0sch dc db*s % cc*c <ng+dusn3+ s+ 0bh*+% dcbh*ccc h"& l+sh dsn b*h3c nu )bh c <nsc0nh dcc< h lc)+dh /sh3h. Su2lc c% *ccunbh4 c"3s <n *"hcchs h 2c*scs*ch 4s <n/h3+ s"b dbb<n"dc4 s: )c <nsu4s C*ss bsul lus Du0nc.cu <l hs cu snc% nu dbh* <n b*h3clc% cs <n *+*unchss +s: nu s *<ns lh s<n% cs chsh* <nl+un *ul )sc) ulus +u: nu 3s sc"ng+dusc% ch lus Ss0cbn% dbh* s+"& hdb*s 4s s+"& s+*u3s% cs s+"& 0+n<ncs% 4s s+"& <nghs3s% 4s s+ c nu *c4 s cu Cl: hcchs h <3s c 2c*scs*ch h% c< + *cbusc s+"3s 2sc 0<ng<sc*ch: hccs h c hh <*ul Du0nc.culus +u% s+ /cdc0 cu0 <3s cs c d*hgbs ch. Cc 0hs )b3s db*s <n /sh3h hcchs h% b dh + cc"hs hDuns s+ c cu0snccsO Rbhg+"3s 0bh* ch <n *u lu0c 4s /sh3h <n *u Du0nc.cu% nu <n ch*nc% cs <n duh% 4s 2sc"3s dc h.s <nhsn c 4s 0hs 0h*c .+bh/h h <n Cc*. PUNCTUL ( S2<n ul Ss0cbn s"h /+.u 2bh* c <ndh b*h )cn *u hh <*ul du0nc.cscsc% dh* cu )u3sn+ /sh3+ ch s+"4s h*h c *ccunb4 sn3h% 4s% <n *uc1 <s ls)scsc )u c*slc ch s+ hduc+ 0ul3u0s*slc cu/cns c% )*c2c*+ s+"4s dch /sh3h. Nu s"h )u u hb3snc s+ )*bsl+/chsc+ 0slbs s/s*slc du0nc.csc4 s 4s lc"h c<n h dusbs ch b lcb+d+ ds/sn+% dcs)+*3sndu"sc dc b cc nu cs c Cc*% dc b cc nu cs c Du0nc.cu% 4s% nc/*<nd s+"4s
65
68
Mcds h3sh nu h*c b su*s+ cunbscu +. CCcc) <nd unclc sugcs ss <ndc)+* h c 2u*ns.h c dc hlcgb*c.h *hds3sbnhl+% sncluss/ unclc ss0sls udsns cu Lhs M!rhdhs $Slh4urslc) hlc S2sn cs Tc*csh dsn ,/slh% clhbb*h*ch ss0bblss scss 4s h 3cs+ u*ss hlcgb*scc <s h)h*3sn lus G*hcs1n 4s *s0s ds*cc lh Crstsc!n l, hlc c+*us )*s0c dbu+ )+*3s lc 4s )ublschsc c<nd h <ncc)u s+ sc*sc Cu"sncct!rul.
MCDSTHSH &'
(9&
Cu0)+nc4 c u% hcu0h% su2lc c hl 0cu% <n ch*c dsn hccs c s+ls *cbusc s+"& )*s0c4 s )c un Db0n )cn *u ch*c h*s)slc hc*u/s0slb* <nsch0n+ )u3sn% *bnul sc*h2s0slb* c 0sc% sh* Cc*ul Cc*u*slb* s *s0 . Bh*c <n *"un sn clcc lu0snh % <n *"b /bsn3+ h)*sns+% <n *"b 0c0b*sc *ccunbsc+ bh*cO C )*ch )u3sn. <n *"un )sc) <n2l+c+*h % <n *+*unchs . <ndusb4h3s% <n *"b sns0+ <nd*+gbs s +O Tbh c s<n ns0sc. Pc b *ch) + h dcs+/<*4s*ss 0ul 0hs <nhl + dcc< cchlhl +% u*c<nd dsn /s* u c <n /s* u cO Ns0sc nu c dc hDuns. Cc /cs 2hcc bh*c h uncsO <n/c4"0<n +" c% cu0 .scc H)bs blul% <n Db0nul <nsu4s% )*chschs0b+" c <n Cl% 4s 2scch*c cb0unsunc 2sc )*cg+ s*c )cn *u cchlhl + PUNCTUL 7 Unss c*cdsncsb4s sc <0)+* +4csc )*s0sndu"& )c Db0nul <n )*s0h shl+% cch dc h*gsn % dh* nu *cc dsncblb dc ch: sc 0ul3u0csc s+ 2sc <n hh*% nu hs)s*+ lh b dcs+/<*4s*c su)c*sbh*+? c <n *u b ul dc0n+ dc )*c3us*c cu*+3sh hcchs h dc cugc % )u*s h ch hcchs h h su2lc ulus% c+cs b sns0+ )bc+s + 4s b+ u + cu lb/s u*s dc )cns cn3h n"h 2bs nscsbdh + nc)l+cu + /cdc*ss lus Du0nc.cu. S *+dusc4 c" c% b% su2lc c hl 0cu% s+ bb3ss <n )*s0ul *<nd hlbs0ch hh*ulus% )u*s h ch Dus s2sc+*ss: s)hl+ )c clc g*c4clslb* cu h)h h*c h lhc*s0slb*: s+ nu *+0<n+ nscs b 0<nDchl+ ch*c s+ )bh + Dsgns bchss )*chcu*h3s hs unus bhs)c c cu *cnu0c dc S2<n . Dh* u% su2lc c% nu c 0ul3u0s cu b hsc0cnch l+*gs0c 0hs 0ul h cugc ulus dcc< h duhulus: c nc/bsc dc 4s 0hs 0ul + cu* cnsc% h < ch c/lh/sc% c< 4s ch dcs+/<*4s*c. PUNCTUL 6 Hl c su2lc c% 0hs h cn c 4s 0hs )u*c% sc )*cg+ csc s+"& )*s0chsc+ )c 0h*clc Rcgc <0)+* +4s <n shlh dc hu* h uncs subs*s h)*snsc? sns0h 2sc 2+u*+*sc unus Du0nc.cu cc /snc s+ h)*snd+ 2bcul% 4s hccs h% 0ss us b* 2ssnd% 0ss ushsc+ nchDunsu*s 4s snccndsc.c sns0s. Su2lc ul ch*c sc cu0sncc+ )*cschs0bh <n *hs 4s% <n *cc<ndu"sc chsh* cu sn2c*nul% s)un+? Tb 0hs 0ul + 4s 0hs 0ul + h*dc*c% b 0hs 0ul + 4s 0hs 0ul + d*hgbs c. Ksc h*c ch 0bh* ch% dusb4sh% 4s <n *ccc*ch d*hgbs cs% nc<ndu*+ bh*c ch sn2c*nul: b 0hs 0ul + 4s 0hs 0ul + bucu*h*c% b 0hs 0ul + 4s 0hs 0ul + 0ss us*c. Cu0)+nc4 c dhc+ l"hs )*s0s )<n+ h.s )c Bhs)c clc hccs h S0cns <n shlh dc hu* h d*hgbs cs dcs+/<*4s c: b)chsc+"sc h uncs <nghc3ul sns0ss hlc: lh /cdc*ch hccs us 2bc <nd*+gbs s % )*c"2hc+"3s"sc"n Dh* dc hu* *+cchlh% h)*snd+"3s"sc /bsn3h% h*d+ h2cc ul 4s s *+lucchsc+ b ss03s*c sn cns+ 0cns + lus Ssus ccl <0)+* +4s . PUNCTUL ( Nscs h < h nu c dc hDuns% su2lc ul *cbusc s+ 0ch*g+ 0hs dc)h* c 4s s+"& g+.dushsc+ )c Db0nul <n shlh dc )sc *c scu0)c 4s% dhc+ h* 2s cu )u sn3+% dc s clc% s0+l3usnd hu*ul 0slcs cu bh c cclclhl c /s* u3s. Unclc su2lc c <l )*s0csc )c Db0nul <n *c dsh0hn clc s *+lucs bh*c hlc +*scs su2lc c4 s% cu g<ndul ncclsn s ch 0hs dcg*hb+ s+ 0bh*+ dcc< s+ cb0s + cu bun+ 4 ssn3+ ccl 0hs 0sc )+ch : <n *c s0h*hldc hlc s)c*hn3cs 4s *+bd+*ss% nu dbh*<ndu*<nd *cs *s4 slc cu *csc0nh*c% cs cu bucu*sc 4s cu 0<ng<sc*c: <n *c b)h.clc chnbnulus <n bh c cclc 4s b*sc<nd: <n *c 0+*g+*s h*clc clh*c hlc )u*s +3ss hngclscc: <n *c g*hnh3ss s *+lucs b*s hs cclcs 0hs 0h*s slh/c h lus Du0nc.cu: <n *c *ubsnclc h)*snsc hlc s+/<*4s*ss dbh* h ccch cc"s dcs+/<*4s : <n *c )s*b)ss lucs b*s dc/cns3s 2lhc+*+ ch sc*h2s0s% nccbn cnsnd /*cbdh + s+ n+.ushsc+ lh 0hs 0ul + d*hgbs c% lh 0hs 0ul + cunb4 sn3+. B% dhc+ u. su2lc c hl 0cu% l"hs )*s0s <n shlh hcchs h 4s cu hsc0cnch dcs+/<*4s*c% cb/<*4s dc /s* u3s% )lsn dc db/c.s dc subs*c% )c dc"h"n *cgul <ndu0nc.cs 4s <nnbs <n *u Db0nulQ H0sn.
6'
hduc h0sn c dc h*hnh 0h c*shl+: 3sn <nhsn c *cs .slc dc )bs ch s+ sh/u*c.c cu 4s 0hs 0h*c )l+cc*c 0<nch*ch 0s*hculbhs+: 2sc"s 2bh0ch 2*+gc.s*c% sn *c"n s b0hcu*s cu*h c clsbc*h c dc hls0cn clc )+0<n c4 s: Db0nul lc <n sndc 0hsh <n *"b )us sc% nscsdccu0 <n
. .h*/h )sc3clb*. Sh h0sn c% su2lc c% c+ dhc+ )cn *u )<snch hccch 0s*hculbhs+ h 2bs nc/bsc dc bh + hcchs + )*cg+ s*c% c< + bh*c /h *cbus ch s+ )b3s hDungc s+ 0+n<ncs )<snch cbbb*< + dsn Cc*% )<snch su)*h"subs hn3shl+O P*c0ch*g+ hb3snc*ch dc lh Dbsnscclc 0<nc+*u*s lu0c4 s% ch s+ c ducs cu gu*h 2ccsb*clnsc+% cu )<n ccclc slbbbd: cCc*cs h*ch /s* u3slb*% bs cnchlh chnbnulus dcschsd+"3s )b2 h: *cbusc 0ul + *c *hgc*c dsn *c bh0cns ch s+ gu4 s )<snch <ngc*slb*: csnc h*c h"& 0<nch )c Du0nc.cu s+ sc <n *c3sn+ cu Du0nc.cu. T*cbusc s+ /ss cu bh + hcchs + )*cg+ s*c ch s+ hs )h* c dc )<snch ds/sn+% s)*c 0h*ch bucu*sc h duhulus +u% s)*c 2blbsul su2lc ulus +u. PUNCTUL 7 H*c g*sD+ Db0nul dc ccs cc n"hu g*sD+ dc cs% lc )unc lh"ncc*"ch*c c*cdsn3h 4s lc <ncununch.+ <nc*cdc*ch: du)+ cc lc d+ <n )*s0ul *<nd h*hnh su2lc ulus sub 2b*0+ dc <n/+3+ u*+% sc g*+bc4 c cu cch h *u)ulus sub 2b*0+ dc 0<nch*c 4s csnc"s chs/c*nssc4 c )c ccs 0hs u0sls /sc*0s4b*s hs )+0<n ulus nu"s /h us h )c 2sss 0+*un hsclb* shlc: sc cbnsul + cu H)bs blss% sluDs b*s hs 0cscs% dss *sbus b*s hs hh*ulus s+u. S"h g+ss un cb)sl ch*c h/ch csncs )<sns 4s dbs )c4 s: cb)sl *cbush s+ 2sc% )cn *u c+ ss)s h l+cb0scs c )c"h < dc nb/scc% )c c< dc /c c*hn+ cs c cch h /hns +3ss: /h 2s 2bs )*c/cdc*ch /*cunus uccnsc )cn *u <n/+3+ b*ul cc*csc% ch*c nu hd0s c hl 2cs sn dcc< b )<snc dc b*. 4s b chs/c*nssc4 c cu h < h 0+*sns0sc u u*b* c*ch u*slb* shlc. Cu0)+nc4 c% b% su2lc c% s+ nu c cbs c 4s )c snc c< )c hcc4 sh 0hnh cc*chsc+: nu )lcch*ch <n )us ss% nu *ud+ 4s n+du4chl+% c+cs b hs )*c u sndcns: dhc+ )<snch hcchs h h* *cbus <ns+ cu0)+*h +% s+ nc s)un+ S2<n ul Ksls) c< h* cbs h% dh* nu b cu0)c*s )l+ snd"b <n duch3s% cs <n ss03s*s 4s db*u*s% c <0)+*3s + )c g*h ss: cunbh4 c"3s 4s )*c3usc4 c"3s 2c*scs*ch% dcbh*ccc Db0nul c bs)+ ch.+ nu dbh* cu )<snc% cs cu <nsu4s T*u)ul 4s S<ngclc s+u% ch*c s<n dcs2+ h*ch *cgslb*.
MCDS0HDSH 1; 403
PUNCTUL 6 Db0nul s + ch <n 0sDlbcul c<0)sslb*% <ncbnDu*h dc ncs2<*4s h 0ul3s0c dc bh0cns% dc/cnsnd ccn *u hl <nc*cdc*ss 4s 3sn + h )*s/s*ss lb*. Lc )b*uncc4 c H)bs blslb* s+"s <ndc0nc s+ 4hd+% s)*c h 0<nch <n b*dsnc 4s shn+% 4s hnu0c )c 2sn% nu h < )cn *u cb0bds h c% c< )cn *u h)+*h*ch 4ub*c.cnscs b0cnc4 s: sh b )<snc <n 0<n+ 4s"4s h3sn c4 c bchss lh cc*% <n/+3<ndu"nc s+ *ccunbh4 c0 c+ b bsnclc nc /snc dc hcblb: <s d+ bsnccu/<n h*ch% b 2*<ngc 4s ch sc <n0ul3c4 c cu 0sslc: 0<snslc lus )+*chu dbu+ s./bh*c )c*cnc dc )<snc% h4h <nc< 0<snslc H)bs blslb* nu )*sdsdchu s+ b <0)h* + )c bh + c< + sc4ch dsn *"<nsclc. P<snch c*h 0snunh +% *cbusc s+ 2s 2bs nu0hs bsnc cbh) +. Cu cc )b2 + b /b* 2s 0<nch bhs)c3ss hccsh 2l+0<n.s% )c c< dc us0s3s dc )*bdsgsu% )c"h < dc <nc<n h3s dc 2cs snQ <nchs)usc4 c"3s c+ h.s c sn/s + hcclh4s Db0n% <n 0sDlbcul c<0)sslb* Bssc*scss% 4s c+% <n ncs2<*4s h 0ul3s0c dc c*cdsncsb4s% hDungs s+ c <n2*u)3s dsn )<snch 0s*hculbhs+. Cu0)+nc4 c cu c< 0hs dclscsbhs+ 4s 0hs sh/u*bhs+ c cch )c ch*c b 0+n<ncs% c+cs dhc+ hccch h sc4s dsn 0<snslc lus C*ss bs% <n hcchs h s<n cbn3snu c <nsc4s 0<snslc lus 2+c+ bh*c dc 0snuns: cs 0<nchu )<snch Db0nulus% u 0s 3s"& 0+n<ncs )c Db0nul )<snss: cs 0<nchu )<snch dsn 0<snslc lus% sh* u 0+n<ncs 0<snslc hcclcs )<sns: 0+n<nc"b cu )b2 +% c+cs 3s sc d+*usc cu subs*c: )*s0c4 c"b dcscb*s% c+cs 3s sc"0)+* +4c4 c dsn bcl4ug 4s% dhc+ hs 0<nch <nc<n h b <0buc+ u*+ dsn )<snch hccch 0s*hculbhs+% bucu*+" c dc hcchs h% cu h < 0hs sh/u*bhs+% cu c< h*c bh + gus dc Du0nc.cu. PUNCTUL ( Hu *+0hs h < dc *ccunbsc+ b*s bhs)c3ss ccs )c dc)lsn sh ss2+cu3s% <nc< hu /*u s+"& <nhl3c )c C*ss bs d*c) *cgc hl lb*% c+cs unb* 2h) c h < dc su/c*hnc lc cb*cs)und 0ul3u0s*s )*chsu)usc: <l cunbscusc*+ <nhsn c ch dbc b*% hcu0 4s"& *ccunbsc d*c) )+*sn c% cu chsh )lsn+ dc )<snc: ls s"h )+*u c+ sc n+scusc ch s+ lc 2sc db0ns b*% 4s nu sc <n4clhu% 2ssndc+ nu sc /h g+ss hl ul% nscs cu 0<sns 0hs dh*nscc% nscs cu sns0+ 0hs 0h*c. Su2lc c% cc *ccunb4 sn3+ h*+3s u unus Db0n ch*c c"h hssgu*h hs 2cl cu 0<nch*c nu )cn *u b ssngu*+ .s% cs )cn *u bh + /sh3h hO Dc c< c b*s l"hs cunbscu ch dbc b*O Dc c< c b*s 3s l"hs dcscb)c*s ch h +O
404 CUMSNCCTBRUL

PUNCTUL &
lh h0sn c cu0 0hs <n <s h 0u h dsn lbc 2+lcslc unus lcu% )cn *u ch 0hs h)bs s+"s g+schsc+ <n gu*+ 2hgu*clc ccl gus bs% c+cs c nc/bsc ch 0hs <nhsn c s+ <n/sngs g*cu +3slc% )cn *u ch 0hs h)bs s+ culcgs *bdul /sc b*sslb*: hs)*s0ch chnbnulus s"h )*cschs0bh <n dulcch3h *+s)l+3ss% <n *uc< h4h sc"n <0)l+ .slnsc <n cCc*cs h*ch /s* u3slb*: *+bdh*ch sc cbn/c* c4 c <n lsns4 c% )l<nsul <n *<s% 0<hns"*ch <n 0<ng<sc*c% )bs ul <n s+n+ h c *u)chsc+ 4s su2lc chsc+% 4s bh c cclclhl c /s* u3s ch*c )+*chu lcs s"hu h*+ h % du)+ cc hu hDuns s+ )bh + 2s gus h c% 2hgu*s sh/u*h4s. Dh* cc bsnc s"h )*cg+ s Sh0sbn ch s+ c<4 sgc )*c0sulQ Cc cu*hDbs <n lu) +Q Cc scu0) lh /b*bc <n 2h) h /s cDchsc+Q Cc 0+*sns0bs cu h/u3sh g+ss +Q Mc*s + )c bun+ d*c) h c s+ dbb<ndchsc+ dulcc3u*s. <n3clcgc% su2lc c% c+ dhc+ hs +.s hs h c bucu*h dc 2hgu*clc du0nc.cscsc% cu c< 0hs 0s*hculbs% cu h < 0hs gus bs% h* bs <ngc*csc 4s 2hgu*c h*+ bs(& )*cg+ s dc hlbsnclc Cc*ulus% )+s *h <n cch*+ nc<ncc)u +% hlcs dsn *c 0ss% culcs dsn 2lb*slc /s* u3slb*% c+cs 0hs <n <s *cbusc s+ 2ss gh h h lu) h dc"h d*c) ul cu lcs% s+ 0u3s dsn lbc 2+lcslc /scsulus"*cgc% )*ccu0)+ns b* <n snc 4s ch*c dc"h < ch b*s c"h ul *hgsh . PUNCTUL 7 Ksh*h <ncb*bnh + <l h hc+ lh d*u0ul )c ch*c lh4ss dc bbsccs sc <n2*scb4ch.+% 2+c<nd chlc <n bh*s+ dc lh cclc <ncc)u c% dh* Nh.h*s"
(7
#CEn c0)l+ c< dc 2slb s0(( hccc) + h.s Db0nul bs)+3ul unus lc)*bs% ch s+ b /sndccc )c b )+c+ bhs+ /s ch.+: nu sc ducc h *hs dc 0<nc+*u*slc gus bhsc% cs <nsc h dc lhc*s0slc"s h0h*c: Cl c bhs)c clc 4s Mhgdhlcnh c sn/s h h lus: dc <ndh + cc &"h cunbscu )c Db0nul% s"h cunbscu )c ch <ns+4s% 0+*c3sh lus 4s Dbsnscsh cs% d*hgbs ch lus 4s *+cchlh cs: h cb0)h*h bun+ h ch ds/sn+ cu sng*h s udsnch cs b0cnchsc+% 4s ch% ch*c hdb*h s+ 2sc db*s +% du)+ cc cunbh4 c subs*ch cch 2+*+ dc s2<*4s % s sc hbhndbnch.+. H cc*cc h undc sc h2lh 0hgnc ul ds/sn hl g*c4clslb* cs: nu"s )hs+ dc cc"h* s)unc bh0cnss% nu0hs Du0nc.cu s+ nu s)un+: sc dc.b*hc+ dc /c40sn clc"s dc ghl+ )*b2hnc 4s"4s )unc hhsnh Cc*ulus% ch*c c s blh nc0u*s bh*c: 4s h4h% *+ns + dc d*hgbs c 4s /ulnc*h + dc du*c*c% .bbh*+ <n c+u h*ch subs b*ulus cs subs 4s"4s )lbcbnc4 c )cnclc 0<nd*c sub +l)slc du0nc.csc4 s.
(6
MCDS0HDSH 21
407
dc c< c lc Dsgnssc: sc dc/b ch.+ )c dc"h"n *cgul subs ulus cs% bc0hs ch% ch*c s sc *c2u.hsc )c dc"h"n *cgul: c cbnccn *h + <n <n *cgs0c hsu)*h lus% cu bh c 2hcul +3slc 4s ss03u*slc cs 4s <nc+ 0hs /<* bs cu sns0h: <s schld+ )scsbh*clc cu cclc dbu+ s./bh*c hlc bchslb* 4s s lc sbh*bc cu h0<ndbu+ bu.clc: cu 0<snslc"s hlbc lc s *<ngc 4s cu )+*ul cs b+lhs s lc 4 c*gc% )cn *u h sc cbnshc*h bh h lus Du0nc.cu% ch% ch*c sc )<ng+*ssc bh +. Cu0)+nc4 c% b% u% ch*c c"hs cu0sncch % 0hs 0h*ch h 2c*scs*c 4s 0c*s ul +u 0hs 0sc% c+cs dhc+ Mhgdhlcnh hDungc s+ hsb+ )h* c dc )scsbh*clc lus C*ss bs% u% s+ c bucu*s dc cl <n <n *cgs0c: dhc+ ch s+"& s+*u c% u s+"& 0+n<ncs: nu dbh* <s s *<ngs )scsbh*clc <n b*h3c% cs *+*unchss <n *+*unchs: ch <s b2c*+ lhc*s0slc cs% Db0nul <3s d+ 3sc s+"s bcs s<ngclc: ch <l usuc+ cu )+*ul cs% u cu bhsc*clc sns0ss hlc: dhch ch <l h)uc+% u <l <nchs.s <n snc? 2blbsc4 c"3s% h4hdh*% b su2lc ul 4s bh c 2hcul +3slc ch s+"& sluDc4 s 4s s+"& hdb*s <n .suh"n ch*c <l )*s0c4 s. PUNCTUL ( Kh*sscul c*s sc+ cc 2+cch Mhgdhlcnh% nu cc 2+cusc% dcbh*ccc lu0ch c )*bcu*b* hl /s* u3ss 4s h/bch hl /scsulus. Cu hl3s bchs b )*s/c4 c Db0nul% b hl ds2c*s3s dc"hs bh0cnslb*? <ncc)c s+ *clh c.c sluDs*slc Mhgdhlcncs% sublsnssnd b0sssunslc lus Ss0bn? >Tu% .scc cl% n"hs bsnc/bs sh 0+ s+*u3s )c 2h3+% ch <ns+ n"h cbn cns <n b hccs s0) s+"0s hdb*c +l)slc: u nu 0s"hs dh h)+ dc s)+lh % ch <ns+ dsn bchss cs 0s"h u*nh "b: n"hs *sss)s nscs b )sc+ u*+ dc un dclc0n )cn *u ch)ul 0cu% ch <ns+ 0s"h /+*sh )c )scsbh*c ccl 0hs scu0) bhlsh0: n"hs dcs)+ u*s un )*bsb) ch s+ 0+ 4 c*gs )c 0<sns% ch <ns+ 0s"h 4 c*s )scsbh*clc cu sculul )*c3sbs hl )+*ulus cs b+lhs." Hscul +% su2lc c% cc"3s s)unc 4s 3sc <nc+ b dh + hcclh4s Db0n% h.s% c<nd l"hs g+.dus nu dbh* <n chsh% cs <n
)sc) ul +u. >Su2lc c% nu 0s"hs dh nscs b s+*u h*c dc )hcc% <n schs0b h < ch dc *+.bbs )*sn )+ch clc hlc: n"hs /+*sh b lhc*s0+ dc <ndusb4h*c% )c c<nd cu c schld <n s<ngclc 0cu. Cc )u3sn+ 0s*chs0+ dc /s* u3s *+s)<ndc4 s% dh* cc nc)+s+ b*% cc .g<*cs 4s cc g*bsblhn c"hs )u* h Q" P*c"schs0b+"3s 0cschsn+*sslc <n *ccunb4 sn3c 4s% dc /*c0c cc"b <n *ccs )c Mhgdhlcnh <n hh <*% chu + s"b cghlc.s <n d*hgbs c. Hscul + cc"3s s)unc C*ss bs? >Mc*gs <n )hcc% dc /*c0c cc <n 0slh 0cu% )*c3u"snd"b ch 0hs"nhsn c )sc*du +"% 4s u *+s)undc"s? >Du0nc.cul 0cu 4s Db0nul 0cu% 0hs dcg*hb+ s+ )sc*d b 0sc dc /sc3s dcc< s+ c 0hs su)+* <nc+ b dh +."
MCDSTHSH 77 (9'

(B
ch s+"s sh 0hs u4b* u*0h: lch)+d+ cbDbcclul 4s% gbl% sc ch3+*+ <n *"un cb)hc% undc% h4c.h <n lbcul ccl 0hs <nhl % <4s <n sndc b*h3clc )c dbu+ c*cngs% sc h <*n+ dc clc 4s sc 3snc cu 0h*c su2c*sn3+: <ncc)c s+ b chc0c cu s *sg+ c )+ *un.+ bh*c 4s chsh* cu lhc*s0s: Cc*ul <l hudc 0ul3u0s + c/lh/scs lus% bs3h 2hcc <ns+ )c su*dh <n <nc+)+3<nh*ch cs% dh*% /hs% sh +"& <nclsn<nd ch)ul% <n *uc< /cdc c+ nu )bh c /b*bs% s)*c h"s 2hcc sc0n% c+cs 0hs dcg*hb+ 4s"h* dh /sh3h dcc< s+ n"b 0hs chc0c 4s% nc0ul3u0s cu h < h% <ng+dusc s+ s sc s)sn ccc )sc) ul 4s"4s h*h + )cn *u ch 0+*un hsclc subs bh*c. Su2lc c% bhsc )sc*du +% c< /h 0hs 3snc hs)*s0ch sns0ss hlcO Rccunbh4 c"& )c Ds/snul +u P+s b* 4s d+"3s sch0h c< <l cbs +: )cn *u snc 4s"h )+*+ss cc*ul 4s h cbbb*< <n lu0c% h n+du4s cu s<ngc% bscclc s" hu s2<4sh s)snh*ch 4s s)snss <0)lclc: s"h <0)b/+*h cu c*ucch 4s s"h )*+/+ls sub ch% h u*ch Gblgb h% s"hu *hs lh sb*3s c+0h4h% s"h c+3+*h gbl <n )b0ul /sndcc+*ss hlc 4s hcblb 4s"h dcs2+cu b*h3clc <n l+ u*s. Nu"& hu.s bh*c cu0 2lusc*+ du)+ snc cu sus)snc 4s lhc*s0sO Us c cu0 <4s <nclsn+ ch)ul% s +*usnd s+ c chc0c: <4s s)sn cc+ cbhs h 4s"3s b2c*+ *+*unchss lus? s2<*4c4 c bdh + 4s )+*+sc4 c"3s dcs2+ +*slc Dbsnscc hlc )+0<n ulus dcc+.u 4s c /cs bucu*h dc nu *c3u*slc gus bhsc hlc Hl h*ulus% ch*c cs c *hsul Bssc*scss. PUNCTUL 6 G+ss +% bhsh <l *chducc )c P+s b*ul cs ccl Bun dc lh 0bh* c lh /sh3+. Cu c< + )l+cc*c b )*s0c4 c <n b*h3clc lus% b dchunh dcschssc )cn *u chQ N"b cch* + su)+*h % cs b 0<ng<sc cu 0sl+ 4s% scb3<nd dsn s<n )<snch cch gus bhs+% b )b2 c4 c cu 0<nh lus 4s"b bs)+ ch.+ cu d*ch) h: b 0u + dsn b*h3c )c u0c*ss lus ch*c% dhc+ <nhsn c <s c*hu ss b/s3s dc )b/h*h /snb/+3sslb*% hcu0h s<n u4u*h3s dc sh*csnh cch scu0)+% b cbnducc <n s <nh cch ssgu*+% b hl+ u*+ cclb*lhl c nbu+.ccs 4s nbu+. Cc bucu*bs 0c*gc Cl cu ch 4s cc 2c*scs + ch cu Cl% bch+snd 4s .sc<nd? >Subs ul 0cu cu 0snc% 4s cu cu Cl bh + 4s cu bh + sns0hQ" Sh h0sn c h.s% su2lc c hl 0cu% bc*b s dc P+s b*ul Ds/sn% <n/cls <n cbDbcul 4s bs)+ h dc 0<nh lus cu
P<snch Cc*ulus% c+ cl cs c P+s b*ul 4s h*hnh h: sh )<snch dsn 0<nh lus 4s 0+n<nc+"s 4s 0<nh: cu s<ngclc lus c"h *+scu0)+*h % cu s<ngc c nu *c4 c: Cl c )bh* + )c u0c*s% u )bh* +"& <n )sc) ul +u: Cl <4s c*cs ch.+ cbhs h% u
MCDSTHSH 76 (&&
)unc"& chsh* <n *+*unchss +s: 0+n<nc+ cu )l+cc*c )<snch hcchs h cc"h cbbb*< dsn ssnul Th +lus% )h4 c"b <nc+ b dh + 4s /cs h2lh dcbscbs*ch dsn *c b hsc0cnch h*hn+ h <ngc*slb* 4s b 0<nch*c )cn *u hns0hlc. PUNCTUL ( Bs3h g+ss + u0bl+ bch+snd 4s% hduc<nd 0ul3u0s*s bunulus cs P+s b*% <s )*bclh0+ cu bch+s u*s hh <*u*slc? >B% subs c P+s b*% s)unc ch% c< <3s s<n dc <ndh b*h +% csnc c"h* )u ch *+s)l+ sQ Hl3s )+s b*s <4s 0+n<nc+ bslc% )c c<nd% <n ccch cc 0+ )*s/c4 c% <l 0+"n<nc cu <ns+0s )c P+s b*ul 0cu: cs 4s lc und ch s+ sc <0b*hcc cs <n4s4s% )c c<nd Tu c dcs)bs ch s+ 0+ <0b*hcs )c 0snc: cs 4s lc Du)bhsc% )c c<nd Tu c4 s b b *hn+ ch s+ 0+ <ng*sDc4 s )c 0snc: cs 4s lc csb0+gcsc% sh* u 0+ shl3s )c u0c*ss +s: cs lc blbgcsc. 4s Tu 0+ /sndccs: cs lc h*unc+ dc )c s <ncs% 4s Tu 0+ )b*3s <n s)snh*c." Cc 0ul3u0s*s s+"3s hduc% Dbh0nc% )cn *u h < ch 0slbs s/s*sO R+s)und+ hh <*u*slc 0clc hh <*u*slb* hlc% c<n h"/bs /c4nsc b c<n h*c nbu+% unsndu"0s bch+sclslc cu cclc hlc u*0clb* cc*c4 s ch*c c lhud+ 4s c )*ch0+*csc <n b3s /ccss /ccslb*. H0sn.

(A
)*c3sbhs+% 2ssndc+ bchss *cgclus s<n dc)*sn4s cu bbg+3sc 0h*c. Bhs)c3ss hcc4 sh /sn% h4hdh*% cu nbbsl+ g+ chl+% ch s+ 2sc )*s0s3s cu csns s*c hlchs+. Su2lc c% h.s c4 s sn/s h dc ccl 0hs 0h*c Rcgc lh bs)+3ul ccl 0hs 0h*c: cu0)+nc4 c dccs bblsgh3sh dc h c <0)bdbbs: )*ch )u3sn <nsch0n+ s+ /ss dbh* <ng*sDs % ch + s+ 2ss <0b*+ch s+*b+ b*c4 c: nu hDungc s+ /ss ncduhnsnd h )+ch c% cs *+s)<ndsnd 0s*chs0+ dc /s* u3s: nu hDungc b*scc g+ chl+% c+cs bchss du0nc.csc4 s s<h bbs4nus3s cu <0)bdbbs*ch <ngc*slb*. Plchc+% dh*% cu dschss dc s2sn3cnsc% ch s+ 4c.s cu 0+*ch3+ cu/ssn3+ lh 0hsh *cgchsc+. PUNCTUL 7 C<nd b3s c*hu )*cg+ s3s du)+ *<ndushl+ 4s g+ s3s s+*b+ b*c4 c% h cu c.h hl ul% cu b ul hnh)bdh% s+ h)h*+ <n *c d<n4ss 2+*+ hhsnh dc nun +% )c c< dc nc<0)bdbbs % )c"h < dc ncbb*+.h % c+cs cu*hDul sc+lb4scs c nc*u4snh*ch% cu 2h3h <ng+lh + 4s ncs)+lh )c 0<sns% duhnsnd h nccu*+3cnsc Dbsnsc+: sn *+"n shlh cc s0s + un Cc*% cu b h < h ncss03s*c dsn )h* ch"s% c< + su)+*h*c dsn )h* ch cclb*lhl3s: sc /<*+ cb*bul )*sn *c lcbcdclc nsnsc: cs. chnds.s% nu" s s)un ns0sch 4s% 0hs 0ul % h2l<ndu"sc"n chs+ s *+sn+% nu"s 2hc 0us *h*c nscs s +)<nulus cs. H c*c.u )*bs c4 c c+ *cgclc n"h*c s+"& .+*chsc+ dsn chu.+ c+ sc h2lh du)+ )c*dch% shu c+% 0slbs s/% sc /h )*c2hcc ch 4s"n hl c dh3s c+ nu"& /cdc% dh* s"h <n4clh % c+cs Dsgns*s h < dc 2+3s4c% b2cnsc h < dc s2*un h c nu sch)+ nc)cdc)ss c% 2sc 4s nu0hs dc d*hgul <n/+3+*ss dc 0sn c. Cu0)+nc4 c u% cu <n2*scb4h*c% b nccu/ssn3+ h < dc u*< +% 4s nu dsn )h* ch hl ush% cs dsn h h <nsu3s: <nchs)usc4 c"3s cu3s ul hscu3s lh g< ul +u: c<nd *cbusc s+ c h4c.s lh 0hsh hccs us su/c*hn% nu /cns <0b*+ch <n )h s0slc hlc% nu c h)*b)sh duhnsnd h /sns: )*s/c4 c" c <n <s <n bglsndh cclb*lhl3s% <n lucsul unus cCh0cn ncc*u3+ b*: db/cdc4 c"3s 3sc <nsu3s c+ c4 s b0: nu s h lsns4 s lh g<ndul c+ *cgclc +u s + du)+ )c*dchuh hccsdcn clb*% c+cs sc hscundc ch sb3ul du)+ )h*h/hnclc dsss0ul+*ss% du)+ s b*u*slc bbscc3scs shlc. PUNCTUL 6 Sc ss03chu cu b3ss <n lh*gul lb*% db*nscs s+ sc bs)+ c.c dsn buch clc dcs2+ + bh*c hlc 0cscs *cgc4 s% c<nd h sn *h chsh* *cgclc <n )c*sbhn+% c+cs nu <nc*cdsn3ch.+ hl b* bchs cbn *blul 0cscs. Du)+ cc"s *ccunbscu )c b3s bhs)c3ss% unul c< c unul% <l dsbus nu0hs"dcc< )c ccl cc sc4ch <n c/sdcn3+ )*sn nc)b *s/s*c: c*h Dsgns dc 2clul lus sc<*bbs 4s 0hs hlcs bb*h.nsc% dh*% s +)<nsndu"4s sndsgnh*ch cu hDu b*ul bun+ +3ss? >P*sc cnc% s)unc cl% cu0 hs sn *h hscsO TuO s hscsO s 2+*+ hhsn+ dc nun +O" S s"h hd*csh cu >)*sc cnc"% hsc"0usndu"& cu )*s0ul *+d+ b* ch*c h )*b2hnh
0hsh. Nc2c*scs ul n"h h/u cc *+s)undc% db/cds 2+*+ )u sn3+ dc +ghd+% c+cs <4s 0+n<nc+ Dudcch h csnc 2+*+ dc ch 0+n<nc+ lh 0hsh hcchs h? h < Dudcc+ b*ul% c< 4s Dudcch h 2ssnd hscs: nu c nc/bsc dc hl c db/c.s? ch un *+snc chdc scn sn3h dc h 2s dh h2h*+% ls)ss 2ssnd hs 2cl dc chs)ul ccl du0nc.cscsc% cch 0hs du*c*bhs+ )cdch)s+: h 2bs h*unch % ch *+u /+.u cc c*h. <n bc.nclc dc"h2h*+. B% u% ch*c 4c.s lh 0hsh Hl h*ulus% )*s/c4 c% sh h0sn c% nu cu0/h s+ )+3c4 s hsc0cnch ncnb*bcs*cQ Hscul + cc s)unc Rcgclc du0nc.cscsc c<nd 3s sc hd*csch.+? >P*sc cnc% cu0 dc hs <nd*+.ns s+ sn *s hscsO Tu% )+c+ bsulc nc/*cdnscO Tu% 4s <nc+ hscs% <n shlh cu*+3scs <nsc4sO <n ccn *ul s2sn3cnscsO Undc 3s"c )bdbhbh /s* u3slb*O Undc 3s"hs l+sh /c40<n ul hh*ulusO Cc .scsO Cc *+s)un.sO s u h0u3c4 sO" B% cc ulbu*h c"hs )b0cns cu dbu+ *cs *s4 s% dc.bnbh*ch 4s 2bh0chQ Scbh c )*sn u*0h*c dc hscs b bsnc/cns + <n/+3+ u*+ 4s"b ch0+ )lsn+ dc *cs)cc : g+sc4 c 0h*c <n.cs *h*c dc hh*. ch s+ nu ch.s <n cch 0hs 0h*c ds.g*h3sc h lus. PUNCTUL ( Cc bucu*b4s /b* 2s *+0hs ccslhl3s dc 2c*scs*ch lb*% /+.<nd ncch.ul ccluslhl Q Cu0 <4s /b* 2s *sdsch b*h3clc lh Cc* c<nd lc"hu /+.u lcgh c )c"hlc nc2c*scs ulusQ #b* 2s hdus <ndbs c 0ul3u0s*s *cgclus% dc bs)+3 <ndcs ulh3s 4s nb*bcb4s. Cu0 <l /b* 2s l+udh cs dhc+ l"hu /+.u )c ccl+lhl c+ h0u3c4 cQ s"hu dcs2+cu bu.clc"n *u )*ch0+*s*c du)+ cc 0hs"nhsn c )cn *u 2cs sn. Hs g*sD+% dh*% s+ hducs 0ul3u0s*s Db0nulus ch*c c 3snc hs 2cl <n 0<snslc lus: sh sch0h c+ sb*3ss +s s<n <n *"hlc lus: nu h0u3s /snb/h : sc* h % lhud+"& )c Du0nc.cu% dhc+"3s )*c3usc4 s nb*bcs*slc% 2ss *ccunbsc+ b* )cn *u 0slbs cnsslc lus: <ncununch.+"s 0hsh ch l+s h* dc )hcc: s+ nu /sn+ sc*u0s*slc )cdc)scs 2ulgc*h c: c<n + dc bsnc bs)+ h : lhud+"&% <ndcs ulh % )c un Db0n cc 3s"h <ng+dus s+"nchcs sc*bh*ch"n )hcc 4s c"h s+ u*h cu 2lbh*ch 2+snss.
CUMSNCCTBRUL
(5
C2. SS Rc#s HSh0ucsP% '%&"&6. <n cC ? Msss!!scL Mc2sbb4c ;shu Mc*sbbhhl% >Mc2sbb4c " 2ssnd b hl c*h*c dc)*ccsh s/+ h lus%Mc*sbbhhl"% ch*c <nsch0n+ >Bhhl c un c*bu"E c*h 2sul lus Sbnh hn >ccl 4chsb) dc )scsbh*c"% 2sul ccl 0h*c hl *cgclus Shul 4s )*sc cnul ccl 0hs bun hl lus Dh/sd% )c ch*c <l h)+*+ dc 0<nsh h +lus s+u. Mc2sbb4c % ul s0 dcsccndcn dsn chsh lus Shul% sc /cdc *c)us <n bh c d*c) u*slc dc c+ *c Dh/sd? >C*h blbg. T*+sh <n Sc*ushls0 4s 0<nch b dchunh lh 0hsh *cgclus." Dh* >ccl 0hs 0h*c )*sgbns b* )c ch*c &"h h/u Dh/sd"% cu0 s)unc G*hcs1n% nu c*h Sbnh hn% cs h +l hccs ush% Shul. MCDSTHSH 7( (&B
PUNCTUL 7 Mc2sbb4c sc s *+dusc4 c s+ sc <0)bdbbchsc+ s)*c h sc )u ch <n2+3s4h *cgclus: <4s hscundc nchDunsu*slc sub g+ cls: nu sc ducc sc<*bbs% ch s+ nu dublc.c Dsgns*ch% cs ds0)b *s/+% <0b*+ch s+*b+ b*c4 c% ch s+"4s +snushsc+ dc2cc clc. Cu c< + s2shl+ /h 2s sn *h <n )hlh Q Cc u0sl sc /h 2s )*bs c*nh lh )scsbh*clc *cgc4 s% s)un<nd? >Dbh0nc% c<nd bh*c h0 0c*s h un hsc0cnch hh <*O H* 2s 2bs )*ch 0ul )cn *u 0snc 4s s+ 2s 0<nch cu slugslc hlc% dh*0s c lh 0hsh h% hl+ u*s dc snc 4s dsn hcclh4s hlc* 4s hcclch4s buch c% bc0hs cuO Us c% 0c*s clc 0clc nu s<n )c 0+su*h unb* 0slbs cnss h < dc 0s*hculbhsc." S2<n ul *cgc <ns+% )c c< dc 0+*sns0bs% )c"h < dc cb0)+ s0s b*% <l /h 2s *sdsch % <0b*+3s4<ndu"& 4s s)un<nd? >Dh% dh% lh 0hsh 0ch hs s+ 4c.s 4s hs s+ 0+n<ncs cu 0snc." Cu0)+nc4 c dccs% c<nd h.s c4 s sn/s h nu dc c+ *c un *cgc )+0<n chn% cs dc c+ *c <0)+*h ul Cc*ulus% lh 0hsh 4s lh hlc*ul lus% cu cc )bdbhbc *cbusc s+ c ducs% cu cc hhsnc s+*b+ b*c4 s s+ c <0b*hcs% s *+dusndu" c s+ hcb)c*s u*<3cnsslc /snb/+3sslb* hlc cu b*nh0cn clc hh*ulus. PUNCTUL 6
Mc2sbb4c 4cdch lh 0hsh *cghl+ )c c< dc s2ss % )c"h < dc bnb*h % bc*b s dc *cgc% hd0s*h dc cu* cns: nbbslss ccs 0hs 0h*s <s s + chu <n )*chD0+% 4s cl 0<nch: *cgclc <nsu4s <l sc*/ch lh 0hs+% 4s dsn b cc /h 2s 2bs 0hs bun. Cu cc )l+cc*c /h 2s 0<nch % 0hs cu sch0+ c+ b ul /cnch dsn 0<nh *cghl+Q Cc 0<ng<sh sc /h 2s ss03s <n nbuh"s 2c*scs*cQ Cc 0ul3u0s dc bs)+3Q Hscs s"hu /+.u *cuns c dc hs + dh + *c)u h3sh 4s 2blbsul% s"hu <n *ccu bun+ h ch lus Dh/sd cu s0c*cnsh lus Mc2sbb4c . Cu0)+nc4 c u% ccl cc c cu0snccs% c+ b*sc< h* 2s 2bs dc 0h*s db/c.slc dc h2cc3sunc h*+ h c lus Mc2sbb4c dc c+ *c *cgclc lus Ss*hcl% clc nsl lc /b* cghlh nscsbdh + )c cclc cc 3s lc 2hcc hs +.s 3sc Rcgclc Cc*ulus? hcblb *cgclc <s d+dch 0<nc+*u*s scu0)c 4s dcs2+ + bh*c% dh* nu 4s )c cl <nsu4s: <l sc*/ch cu buch clc *cgc4 s% dh* nu cu sns0h lus% h4h <nc< Mc2sbb4c 0<nch <0)*cun+ cu *cgclc% dh* nu"& 0<nch )c *cgc. Hscs% <ns+% dh% lh 0hsh hcchs h h Hl h*ulus 0+n<ncs cu Du0nc.cu 4s"& 0+n<ncs )c Du0nc.cu: <3s )unc"n 2h3+ <nsu4s. *u)ul s+u 4s )*sn cl% du0nc.cs*ch sh: <3s d+ c< h*c 4s% b dh + cu b ul% )c ssnc <nsu4s. Kblbsc4 c cu bun" gus b 0<nch*c h < dc hlchs+% )bh* +" c cu 0+su*+ c<nd 0+n<ncs 2+*+ 0+su*+: 2+ lbc cbnssdc*h3scs% dclcc ch.+" c cu cl: 3snc sch0h c+ cs c b <0buc+ u*+ dc .slc 0h*s% c+cs c un Du0nc.cu hdc/+*h : sh h0sn c c+ 4s <ngc*ss c hsss +% )s.0usndu"3s nb*bcul% dh* )+.snd cu/ssn3h. PUNCTUL ( Mc2sbb4c sc /h 2s h*+ h *ccunbsc+ b* )cn *u h < h h0hbsls h c% <4s /h 2s schs0bh s2sscsunch lh 0<nch cu nccu0)+ h*ch lh 0ul3u0s : )*c3us*ch hh <*ulus )*s0s s"h cunbscu du)+ g*hbh dc h sc bucu*h dc cl? nu s sc /b* 2s *c0h*ch .+bh/clc dc 4chsb)% cs% ssgu*% )unc uhls h ch dc bhs)c c: nu s"h )u* h ch 2sul cclus 0hs 0h*c )*sgbns b* )c ch*c &"h h/u Dh/sd% cs ch /hshlul ccl 0hs c*cdsncsbs 4s *ccunbsc+ b*. Scbh c dc hscs cc lhud+ *cbusc s+ dhs u unus Rcgc h < dc 0h*c cc 3s"h hcb*dh hsc0cnch hh <*u*s% cc 0ul3u0s*s s+ hducs unus Db0n ch*c c"h bs)+ h hs 2cl. Nu"& 0hs b2cnsh ch du40hn% slu"Dc4 c"& ch 2su h < dc <ndh b*h . S+ <nchcs .sc<nd? %.B% Db0nul 0cu 4s Du0nc.cul 0cuQ Mhs b0cnbs dcc< Dh/sd c"hs h*+ h c<nd 0" hs bc*b s 4s <n *u b ul du0nc.cscsc c<nd 0"hs sc* h 4s% cu bh c c+ s<n 0hs )lsn dc ncdcs+/<*4s*s <n hlc su2lc ulus dcc< Mc2sbb4c <n hlc *u)ulus% hs bsnc/bs s+ 0+ )*s0c4 s lh 0hsh h s+ 0+ h4c.s hl+ u*s dc snc% 0s"hs hdus )c hlc* sns0h 4s 0+*un hsclc hlc% d<ndu"0s" c <n <n *cgs0c ch h*hn+. Cc 0ul3u0s*c 3s"h4 )u ch hducc. Dbh0nc% )cn *u hh <*u*s h < dc 0h*sO Ccch cc .scch s2<n ul *cgc Dh/sd? Pb s* )cn *u )b s*. Ksc b cu0sncch*c *+s)lh + )cn *u hl h: )l+ s"/bs dh*ul cu )*s0s*ch lus% c+cs )cn *u Tsnc% Dbh0nc% nu cCss + hl + *c *sbu3sc: /cns"/bs <nc+ b dh + s+ 0+n<nc 4s s+ c 0+n<nc: 0s"h* 2s 2bs dc hDuns 4s 0s"h* 2s 4s )*ssbss s+ 4cd lh 0hsh h*gh3slb* +s% dh* n"h* 2s 2bs dc hDuns )cn *u bun+ h ch h ncs2<*4s +: s+ c lhudc <ngc*ss )cn *u 0snc% dc /*c0c cc cu h0 0<nch )cn *u cs 4s h0 0<nch )<snch lb*: 0slusc4 c"0+ cu un hh* du)+ hl ul 4s 2sc s+ 0+n<nc cu Tsnc bh + /sh3h hcchs h *cc+ bh*c 4s s+ 0+ bucu* dc snc <n bh + cch /c4nsc+."
MCDSTHSH 7B (&5
PUNCTUL & #"Jbn c0)l+ cu0 uccnscul cu sns0h cu*h + <4s <nsu4c4 c sns0h <n/+3+ b*ulus s+u: cu c< subc4 s 0hs 0ul % cu h < c bucu*s 0hs 0ul 4s c <n 2s*ch sns0slb* nc)*sh+ns c s+ subchsc+ ccl 0hs 0ul % 2ssndc+% *c2u.<ndu"sc c*ch u*slb*% s sc <nc*cdsn3ch.+ )c dc"h"n *cgul lus Du0nc.cu. Sbhn cs c uccnscul ccl subs hl subs b*ulus dc cu*+3sc? sc )*cg+ c4 c cu )sc) nc)*sh+ns ch s+"& )*s0chsc+ )c Msclul ccl )u*: )unc <n Dbc cul0s dc gsng+4sc 4s ss03s*s )*chcu*h c 4s% du)+ cc"& u*0ch.+ )c b*sundc 0c*gc% sc cusb+*c4 c lh )sc) ul s+u% ch s+"4s *hg+ su2lc ul% sc bdshnc4 c hcblb ch"n )*b")*su"s ccn *u% 4s /h 2s s h hcblb .sc<nd? >Subs ul 0cu cs c hl 0cu% 4s cu h lus% 4s cl )h4 c )*sn *c c*sns"(': nu cc*c hl cc/h su/c*hnulus s+u dcc< h"s <ng+dus s+"& sh/u*c.c <n <n *cgs0c )c dsnh2h*+ 4s )c dsn+un *u: cl <s cs c <ncc)u ul 4s s2<*4s ul% Du0nc.cul 4s bh + h/u3sh lus% <n *<ndul c+*csh b h4h.+ 4s )c Kccsbh*+. Cu0)+nc4 c% su2lc c% cu c< + cu*+3sc *cbusc s+ c )*cg+ c4 s u% c<nd /ss s+ c cu0snccs% )cn *u ch% *ccs)*bc% Db0nul s+ sc bdsh"nchsc+"n )sc) ul +u 4s u <n s<nul lus: *c.chsc+"3s"sc c*cdsn3h% )cn *u ch d*hgbs ch h s+ dbh*0+ <n *u Db0nul: chu + s+ c )*cg+ c4 s cu b sns0+ 2ccsb*clnsc+% +g+dus + b*sc+*cs )hssuns )+0<n" c4 s% cu b cbn4 ssn3+ )u*+% cu*h + dc b*scc /sn+% 4s hs 2cl subs"/cs 4s 0hs 0ul 4s /cs sh/u*h 4s 0hs 0ul db/c.slc du0nc.csc4 s dc h2cc3sunc. PUNCTUL 7 B% )hDu*+ *cghl+% cu cc /+. )+ *un.+ b* c"hs cc*cc h <n b+ hsh Sbh*clus <n *u)h 4s s"hs )*+dh sns0h snccndsh +Q Du)+ cc c"hs s+ u*h dsn )sc) ul lus C*ss bs% cusb+*c4 s <n cl% h4h <nc< <n s<nul lus <3s g+sc4 s h*hnh 4s"3s hs cusbul: .bb*s ch s+ c bdshnc4 s
('
CUMSNCCTBRUL
<n *"<nsul: du)+ cc c"hs us h 3sn + lh Sbh*clc <nd*+gbs s 4s s"hs sb*bs *h.clc <n *u0cnclslc s<ngclus s+u scu0)% hs <nchss bchss <n *u cbn c0)lh*ch lsns4 s +. B% cu0 hs lc)+dh b*scc *+cchl+ dc cugc lh
c+ldu*h sns0ss <n/+)+sh cQ B% cu0 <s 0hs sc*u hs u*0clc db/c.slb* dc h2cc3sunc% n+scbcs*slc d*hgbs cs shlc% cu0 hs 0hs .+bb/s <n sh/u*h*ch uncs subs*s cc sc <n/c4nscc4 cQ s ch*c% c<nd .scchs c+ sc s2<*4ch% hbsh"ncc)ch 4s% du)+ cc"h subs % h subs )<n+ lh s2<*4s . Su2lc c% cu hcclh4s )sc) c <0bsc h.s hcclh4s Db0n% c<nd 3s sc d+*usc ch h*hn+: /snb h.s s+ c cu0snccs 4s s+ c b)lb4c4 s lh s<nul lus. Bucu*+" c dc hsc0cnch hh <*u*s cu scn s0cn c )c 0+su*+% 4s dhc+ Sbhn h 2bs ccl subs % chu + s+ 2ss u cch subs +? h*h +" c )hDu*+ <n cbn c0)lh*c 4s <n /b*hcs h c dcb)b *s/+: 2sCch.+"& cu bchss c*cdsn3cs 4s )*hd+"& cu d*hgbs c <n2l+c+*h +. PUNCTUL 6 Du)+ cc &"h 0<nch )c C*ss bs% Sbhn <4s sh <ng+dusn3h s+ sc *c.c0c dc cl: l+un *sc 4s h2h*+ /*ch s+ 2sc <ncbnDu*h dc <n/+3+ b*ul s+u. B% 0h*clc dsscs)bl hl subs*ss% cc bsnc <4s )unc"n )*hc sc+ <n/+3+ u*slcQ Ksul lus Du0nc.cu *c)hu.ch.+"n s<nul Th +lus s+u C c*n% sh* Sbhn <n ccl hl Ksulus lus Du0nc.cu% c+cs hccs h c lbcul hlcs )cn *u sscs h dc du)+ b h*hn+ ch hcchs h: 2+*+ <ndbshl+ c+% h4h cu0 s"h 2bs )c )lhc% <s /h 2s 4s dc 2blbs. Su2lc c% <n/h3+ s+ db*0s <n *u Du0nc.cu du)+ cc c"hs nu *s dsn *u Du0nc.cu: lsns4 c4 c" c <n cbn c0)lh*c% s+ nu c ulbu*c snsb0nsslc ncs+bus c: nu c *c)c.s nu0hsdcc< <n lu0c% s +*usc <n Cc*ul hccs h. Cc*c"s 0slbs s/s*s unus Db0n ch*c 3s"h h+*+.s hsc0cnch db/c.s dc h2cc3sunc: hsss +"& cbn c0)l<ndu"&% ch b )hDu*+% dc /*c0c cc hs h hs 2bs c<nd l"hs 0<nch : 4c.s db*0snd l<ng+ cl% ch Sbhn% cu bchss <nchs4s c+ *c c*ch u*s 4s dcschs4s nu0hs c+ *c C*ch b*.
MCDSTHSH 7A (&'

nu6 T
sss )
PUNCTUL & ugc + cu0 hccl 0h*c 0bnh*h% ch s+ 2hc+ )h*hd+ dc 0+*c3sc% h hlcs d*c) 0sDlbc cclcb*h*ch unus bhnchc sb0) ubs: h2cc3sunslc sc c<4 sg+ cu dhnss% 4s )*sc cnsslc <n bs)c3c. S"h sn/s h )c b3s 0h*ss nbbsls 4s scnsb*s dsn *cgh ul s+u% c+cs lh un bhnchc 0h*c *cbusc sn/s h3s ccs 0hs 0h*s% sh* dhc+ c *cgcsc% su/c*hns. #sn b3s cu g+ cls bbgh c 4s 0<nd*c% hh <*ul *s/hls.<hd cu s)lcndb*slc% cu +*cs *c)u h3ss cb*cs)un.<ndu"s cu h*c <0)bdbbs*c. Cu0)+nc4 c u lh cc bhnchc nchsc0us 0hs 0h*c c4 s )b2 s h.s% cu c< 0hs 0h*c c Mbnh*hul ch*c"& cclcb*ch.+ nu ch s+ 2hc+ )h*hd+ dc 0+*c3sh% cs dc subs*ch sh? hcclh c*h un *cgc )+0<n chn% hccs h )+0<n chn 4s cc*csc 4s% ch h h*c% <s )b2 c4 c )c ccs dsn Cc* s+ hsss c% sh* )c ccs dc )c )+0<n ch s+ 0+n<ncc: hcblb c*hu chc0h3s
B9 B&
ccs 0h*s% hscs s<n hlc4s ccs 0scs: hcblb bbgh3ss% hscs ccs s+*hcs cu duhul: hccsh <0b*+ch3s dc h*h0: hcc4 sh dc hh*. Cunbsc<nd% h4hdh*% bhnchc ul lh ch*c c4 s chc0h h.s% )hlh ul <n ch*c sn *s% 0hsh lh ch*c c h4c.s% 0hscs h ch Db0nulus ch*c c )b2 c4 c% /cs cunbh4 c b*nh0cn ul cu ch*c *cbusc s+ /ss% *cs)cc ul cu ch*c *cbusc s+ c h)*b)ss% )l+cc*ch cu ch*c *cbusc s+ 0+n<ncs.
PUNCTUL 7 Tb sn *hu su/c*hnss 4s scnsb*ss% h4c.<ndu"sc lh 0hs+ <n b*dsnch *hngulus% nu h sbss*ss: nu du)+ /<*s +% cs du)+ 0c*s c: ccs 0hs nbbsls% ccs dsn <s% sh* ccs 0hs h)*b)sh3s ch s<ngc dc *cgc <s c*hu 4s ccs 0hs <n/ccsnh3s ch lbc. Kscc+*ush s sc sc*/ch 2clul dc 0<nch*c *</ns % 0+su*h 2ssndu"lc dbh* gu*h: b*sc< dc hlchs+ h* 2s 2bs 0<n"ch*ch% lc"b )unchu <n 2h3+% h4h <nc< hscs <4s g+schu lhblhl + *c)u h3sh 4s 2blbsul 4s% nu 0hs 0sc% )lhcul. Cu0)+nc4 c bh c cCccl+*slc hccs ch lh bhnchc ul shc*h0cn hl dc hcu0? hscs s<n b3s dc un s<ngc% dc /*c0c cc b3s 4s"& <0)+* +4csc: b3s s<n h < dc h)*b)sh3s dc Rcgc% <nc< <l hu <nl+un *ul lb*. 4s hu 2scch*c c< c un Rcgc <n *u) 4s chsh* un Du0nc.cu. M+n<nc+ b3s c< lc )b2 c4 c sns0h% 4s chsh* 0hs 0ul % c+cs 0hs 0ul dcc< h* )u ch s+ cch*+% dcc< h* )u ch *</ns: <n 2scch*c <0buc+ u*+ un Du0nc.cu 4s"n 2scch*c 2s*0s u*+ un Cc*. #snb% su2lc c% 4s h4h.+" c cu c0csnscsc% 0+n<nc+ <n shn+% gu*h s+"3s 2sc 0+su*h 4s sh h0sn c c+ dc cc b /cs dcschsdc 0hs lh*g+% Db0nul 3s"b /h u0)lc 0hs /<* bs: us +" c lh cc 0+n<ncs 4s 0<nch"/cs cu duhul. PUNCTUL 6 M<nchu buch clc cclc dcs2+ + bh*c du)+ gus ul lb*% dc /*c0c cc"& h/chu h < dc bun: c*hu cu b3ss su/c*hns% dc)*sn4s cu <0buc+ u*slc dc sbs 4s% ch h h*c% 4 shu s+ )*c3ushsc+ cc c bun: 0<nchu 0ul % bbs4nus3s s+ 0+n<ncc bsnc 4s% cu* cns 2ssnd% <l 0+gulchu )c s +)<nul bhnchc ulus cu dcs2+ h*ch 0cscs 4s <nc+ 0hs 0ul )cn *u un su/c*hn cu <nclsnh3ss dc 0+*sns0bs 4s 0<n+"s)h* +. Kclu*slc dc 0<nch*c c*hu )c c< dc *h2snh c% )c"h < dc bsnc g+ s c 4s hs 2cl% ns0cns nu"4s c*u3h )lhcul% nu )sc*dchu nscs un )*slcD% ns0sch nu sc )*+)+dch.
MCDSTHSH 7A (7&
Sh <ns+ h0sn c c+ *cgclc hcclh )u c*nsc% b*sc< dc 0ul h /*u s+ lc dch% n"h hDuns s+ ls sc dch )c ssnc: *+0<sc h4h cc/h )cn *u 0h*clc Du0nc.cu ch*c hs +.s% su2lc c% )cn *u cl <nsu4s c )b2 c4 c% )u c*ch 4s /*c*ch lu<ndu"s"sc lh <n *ccc*c. H* hCc*Cc nu"s subc4 c <n ""h < h% <nc< s+ lc b2c*c )c hlc* un b*h3 hl s+u% s+ lc dch dc b+u s<ngc dsn /sncsc lus% s+ lc <n snd+ dc 0<nch*c *+*unchss s+s. Dh* hccs 0h*c Rcgc hl Rcgslb* 4s Db0n hl db0nslb* <4s subc4 c h < dc 0ul bhs)c3ss% <nc< <4s s)sn cc+ )cn *u cs cbhs h% 0hs dcg*hb+ cu subs*ch dcc< cu 2sc*ul: lc d+ dc 0<nch*c *+*unchss s+s 4s lc b2c*+ s+ <nchsnc cu s<ngclc"s )*c3sbs. Su2lc c% hs h dh )b2 s*c 4s 0<nch*c% /snb cu 2bh0c dc ncs+ u*h lh b h*hn+ 2+*+ dc s2<*4s % us +" c lh cc 0+n<ncs% c+cs dc"hccch sc nu0c4 c )<snc h )*scc)c*ss 4s 0<nch*c h )*scc)u3slb*: chu + s+ hDungs .suh 4s gu*h s+"3s 2sc )*cg+ s + )cn *u <0buc+ u*slc *cgc4 s% s+ nu dcchd+ 0hs h)bs <n 0<nc+*u*slc g*bsblhnc hlc Cgs) ulus )+0<n csc. PUNCTUL ( Cs b% du*c*c% c+cs b dchunh su2c*sn3h sc <n/ccsnch.+ cu 2c*scs*ch. Tbh c bhnchc clc hu 2bs 2uncs c% 4s ccl 0hs 0ul ccl dsn g*+dsnh lus H* hCc*Cc. Rcgsnh h dss)+*u 2ssndc+ n"h h)+*u . Rcgclc h )b*uncs ch ch s+ <ncununc.c sc*bh*ch cu 2*u0usc3ch cs: ch% sng*h +% h dss)*c3us hh <*ul 4s h ss03s % ds.g*h3sh +% 0<nsh *cgclus: b dh + cu bs)+3ul% h )sc*du cb*bhnh 4s% )cn *u c+ n"h /*u s+ hsss c hl+ u*s dc *cgc% h 2bs bs<nds + lh hbscn3+ )c*)c u+ dc lh cch 0hs 0h*c s *+lucs*c% lh cncb*clc dc"h2h*+: h 2bs bs<nds + chsh* lh 0hs+% c+cs lh ch shdc Dudcc+ b*ul% 4s csnc 0+n<nc+ )*bs <4s 0+n<nc+ 4s"4s bch Dudcch h. <n/h3+" c 0sn c% b% su2lc c hl 0cu% )c s)snh*ch hl ush% d+ 2ugh lh bhnchc ul dc lh Hl h* cu )*cg+ s*c 4s )*c3us*c dcb)b *s/+: sh sch0h c+ )cn *u snc sc 2hcc sc*bh*ch% nu ls)ss dsn g*bsbl+nsc% h4h cu0 hl3ss dsn bb*+.nscsc. Cunbh4 c"3s *hngul 4s *c)u h3sh% c+cs nu u dbh* /cs 4cdch l<ng+ Rcgc% cs Cl /h 4cdch <n )sc) ul +u. #snb cu 0ul3u0s*s 4s )lchc+ cu 0ul3u0s*s% <n+l3<ndu"lc ncs2<*4s c% c+ 0s"c ch0+ s+ nu ch.s <n ds.g*h3ss ch sng*h3ss.
422 CUMSNCCTBRUL
PUNCTUL & LJ *0ch.+"3s hs +.s cbn c0)lh*ch 4s <nsb3c4 c"s cu c*cdsn3h )c ccs *cs *cgs dc )c )+0<n )b*ns3s <n c+u h*ch Rcgclus Cc*csc: s<n <n3clc)3s% 0h*c cbnds3sc s)*c h g+ss <n3clc)csunch 2+*+ dc s2<*4s . Hu )lcch dsn R+s+*s % dc lh b*sgsnch lu0ss% dc lh <ncc)u ul /sc3ss: chu + Sbh*clc% c+l+u.s3s dc"b s ch. HDung lh 0h*ch cc h c h Sc*ushls0ulus% undc b ul c u*bh*c% 4s"& g+scsc )c Db0nul <n shnh Bc lcc0ulus: cbbbh*+ dsn 0+*c3sh lb* 4s sc hdh) ch.+ lh ss0)ls h c: ccs dsn <s )h4s <s 2hc ch s+"4s ls)chsc+ bu.clc dc )+0<n ul hcclh% dc bucu*sc c+ sbsssc*+ <n cc*ul )hsulus lb*: sn *+ undc b ul c dcschss% dcscb)c*+ un P*unc nbu n+scu 4s un 0h*c Du0nc.cu dc
ncdcslu4s nscs hscs% dsn )*scsnh 0scs0ss% nscs hcblb% dsn )*scsnh s0cnss +3ss. <l g+scsc <n b*h3clc hu*b*cs% )*sn *c lhc*s0s 4s 0+*g+*s h*c% <s Du*+ c*cdsn3+ ch $0)+*h ulus 4s s sc"nchsn+ ch Du0nc.culus lb*% b2c*sndu"s )*sn *c dh*u*s 4s sns0slc lb*. B% u% ch*c hs +.s *cbusc s+ c cu0snccs% cu0)+nc4 c c+ )lccs <n c+u h*ch hcclush4s RcgcQ B% dc"hs 2s c+l+u.s dc s chuh nb*bculus +u% dc lu0snh hh*ulus s+u ds/snQ <l /cs g+ss% dhc+ /cs 2s <n3clc) nu dsn /chcul hccs h% cs dc.h0+gs B(: /snb dsn R+s+*s ul /sc3ss hlc 4s )+4c4 c .b*s )c c+*+*slc dcs+/<*4s*ss. PUNCTUL 7 S chuh"s c+l+u.c4 c )c ccs *cs *cgs <n hccch4s 0+su*+"n ch*c"s dc.h0+gc4 c: s"h dus nu <n *"un )hlh *u2h4% cs <n *"b snd+ u0sl+: sn *+ nu dbh* <*<ndu"sc )c )+0<n % cs lsng<ndu"& ch )c *bnul )scsbh*clb* lus: nu hd0s*+ h)ssc*ss dc 0+ hsc 4s hu*% cs )<n.c dc
B6 B(
424 CUMSNCCTBRUL
PUNCTUL ( Mhgss sc h*h + 0+*sns0b4s <n 2h) c% dh* nu 0hs )u3sn <n 0ul3u0s*s 4s lhudc c+ *c Db0nul. S"hu )u* h <n b ul ch ns4 c *cgs% <n hlc c+*b* sns0s nu hu cc c+u h 0scs0slc: )c c< /b* 2s h0u3s c<nd s+"& sn2b*0c.c )c S*bd% )c"h < dc buns /b*bs b*s sc /b* 2s h*+ h ch s+"& bsnccu/<n c.c )c Db0nul: /b* 2s )*ch0+*s <n 3+*slc lb* 0snunslc Rcgclus g+ss 4s nu"nch)c <ndbshl+ c+ bu.clc cc <s )ccc lussc*+ +l)slc gsngh4c nu sc /b* 2s <nchss c<nd /h 2s 2bs /b*bh dc sl+/s*s *ccunbsc+ bh*c. B% u% ch*c c"hs cu0sncch Q )bh* +" c ch un *cgc% nu ch un 0bDsc nccsb)ls % h*h +" c <n3clc) <n 0ul3u0s*c% dclbc )*bs <n us h*c: <nh)bsh.+ 2c*scs*slc sub 2b*0+ dc lhudc: *ch0sn c4 c 4s .+bb/c4 c hsu)*h h*hncs Cc*ulus <n sb0nul cbn c0)lh3scs: <n bh*cc" c )c hl d*u0 lh b /sh3+ nbu+% <nc+*ch dc /s* u3s% <n schs0bul dh*u*slb* hlc: <n bh*cc" c <n R+s+*s ul c/lh/scs% nu <n H)usul nc)sb4cnscs.

PUNCTUL & K% Du0nc.culc 0h*c 4s Dbh0nc hl 0cuQ Duhul 0cu sc s2<*4c4 c c<nd /+d c+ Tu% un Du0nc.cu sn2sns % <ncununh dc dcs+/<*4s*s sn2sns c% bsnc/bsc4 s s+ sn *s"n )sc) ul uncs 2u*nscu3c h < dc
Dbsnscc ch 0snc: Tu% s0cns% c+ nu <nch)s nscs <n cc*u*s% nscs )c )+0<n % c 0scc4 s <n ssnul unus /sc*0c /*cdnsc dc dss)*c3: Tu% h b )u c*nsc% )u <nd s+ c*cc.s hl c lu0s sn2sns c% )lsnc dc hl c c*ch u*s h b dcs+/<*4s c% /*cs s+ c sn *bducs <n )u3sn+ h ch uncs c*ch u*s Dbsnscc ch 0snc% cc nu )bh c ns0sc 4s nu /hlb*ch.+ ns0sc: Tu% <n3clc)csunc sn2sns +% ch*c 4 ss 4s <n3clcgs b ul% *ccu ul% )*c.cn ul 4s /ss b*ul% 4s b cc c cu )u sn3+% c su)us hs 2cl unush ch*c cs c sgnb*hn3h <ns+4s: Tu% c c*n% ncls)ss % ch*c hs 2bs <nhsn ch /chcu*slb*% 4s c4 s% 4s /cs 2s )u*u*ch% /ss lh 0snc% ch*c dss)h* <n *"b cls)s +: Tu% Dbh0nc ncs2<*4s dc s2<n 4s dc bun% /*cs s+ lbcusc4 s <n )sc) ul unus )+c+ bs h < dc
MCDSTHSH 78 (7B
nc/*cdnsc: Tu% su)*c0h 0+*c3sc: cu% Dbsnscsh <ns+4s: Tu% b ul: cu% ns0sch. Dhc+ 4s cblbhnclc cc*ulus *c0u*+ <n 2h3h )*c.cn3cs hlc ds/snc% cu0 s+ nu sc .gudusc )c*c3ss sns0ss 0clcO HDu +% Dbh0nc% Dbsnscscs 0clc% <n +*c4 c )u3sn+ h ch 0ch% ch s+ nu sc s2<*4chsc+ h uncs c<nd c )*s0c4 c. PUNCTUL 7 Db0nul 0cu 4s Du0nc.cul 0cuQ Dhc+ Sbhn Bb c.+ b*ul nu sc sbcb ch /*cdnsc s+"3s dc.lcgc cu*chuh dc lh shndh% cu0 s+ hDung cu% nu dbh* lh lcg+ u*+% cs s+ c h sng )c b % s+ c 0+n<nc 4s s+ c )un <nl+un *ul )sc) ulus 0cuO Cc"h* .scc bh*c Sbhn Bb c.+ b*ul dhc+ h* *cbus s+ sc cu0snccc% dhc+ h* *cbus s+ c )*s0chsc+% Dbh0nc% 4s s+ c )un+ <nl+un *ul )sc) ulus s+uO Dhc+ Sbhn Bb c.+ b*ul% <nchsnh Db0nulus <nc+ dsn )<h ccclc 0hscss lus% blhgbslb/s <n *u hh*% c*cscu <n hs)*s0ch uncs )us ss% lucch2+* hl sbh*clus% <nhsn c0c*g+ b* hl +u% nu sc sbcb c4 c /*cdnsc s+"3s h sng+ cu*chuh shndhlcs% h uncs cu% n+scu 4s c*cscu dbh* <n )+ch : cu% )lsn dc /sns 4s sc+lb4ss: cu% un )+c+ bs h < dc 0h*c% cu0 bh*c s+ s.bu csc h c )*s0s% cu0 s+ c )un <n gu*h 0ch 4s s+ c"h4c. <n 0+*un hsclc 0clcO Dhc+ Sbhn% du)+ h < h )cns cn3+% 2+*+ /sns% 4s sc s2sc4 c% cc /bs 2hcc bh*c cu cu h < ch /sns% 2+*+ )cns cn3+O Hud <ns+ c+"0s s)unc chsh* Bb c.+ b*ul? >Sh +"& )c Msclu4clul Db0nulus% h)*b)sc" c dc cl% c+cs dhc+ 0+*c3sh lus c nc0+*gsns +% lh 2cl <s cs c 4s 0slbs cnsh: dhc+ c un Du0nc.cu s0cns% cs c 4s un Msclu4cl bl<nd: dhc+ u c4 s )lsn dc )+ch c% Cl c ccl ch*c 3s lc <nl+ u*+." Cu*+3+"0+% h4hdh*% Dbh0nc% <nc+ 4s <nc+: c*c4 c"n 0snc b sns0+ cu*h +: *c<nnbsc4 c"0s un cugc d*c) <n *+*unchs% ch s+ c )b g+.dus <n cs. PUNCTUL 6 >Csnc c4 s Tu% Dbh0nc% 4s cu csnc"sO"% .scch S2<n ul K*hncssc ccl u0sl. Hsdb0h *c)c h"/bs cu dc 0ul c b*s. Dhc+ s2<n ul )h *sh*h H/*hh0 sc s2sh c<nd h *cbus s+"3s /b*bchsc+ 4s s)unch c+ c )ulbc*c 4s ccnu4+% cu0 s+ 0+ h)*b)ss cu ch nu dbh* s+ 4cd <nhsn ch Th% cs s+ 0s c )un <n )sc) O Dhc+ sc*h2s0ss dc lh *bnul +u% <n/+)+sh3s dc subs*c% <4s hcb)c*+ 2h3h cu h*s)slc% *u4snh3s )h*c+ dc c+u + u*h h su/c*hn+% cu0 bh*c s+ cu c. cu% h < dc *ccc 4s dc c0+ b* *n sluDbh h% s"hDung h"0s )unc gu*h <n cbhs h h% h"0s ls)s
(7A
CUMSNCCTBRUL
bu.clc dc *+nslc hlc% h c )*s0s <nl+un *ul )sc) ulus 0cuO Cu0 c bh*c cu )u sn3+% /bs s *sgh cu cu Sblb0bn% s+" 0s <nchs)us c+ Du0nc.cu <nsu4s% <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h % /h s+ lbcushsc+ <nl+un *ul 0cuO C+cs dhc+ cc*u*slc cc*u*slb* nu c )b % Dbh0nc% cu)*sndc% cu h < 0hs )u3sn l+ch4ul hccs h s+*0hn undc bsnc/bsc4 s hs +.s s+ *hgs. Sh h0sn c <ns+% Dbh0nc% lh *ug+csunslc 4s nu lh )*shhnclc 0clc: u0slsn3h s+"0s *+scu0)c*c Dbsnscsh 4s <ns+4s cunb4 sn3h cs s+"s 2sc 4s dc./snb/+3s*c. PUNCTUL ( B. Db0nul 0cu 4s Du0nc.cul 0cuQ s bh*c undc c*h0 cu c<nd s clclc ds0snc3ss c sl+/chuO Dhc+ lucch2+*ul +u Sbhn c"h /cnc*h dc 2h3+ cu snc 4s c"h )*bsl+/s <n ls)s+ )cn *u h < ch hh <*u*s )*s0s c% bh*c cc /bs s)unc cu )cn *u 0slbs s/s*s h < dc nccu*0h cO S+ c<n h4 /*ch h.s b c<n h*c nbu+% c+cs hs 2+cu cu 0snc b 0snunc h 0snunslb*: 4s dhc+ Tu hs 2+cu <nsc0nh*c dcs)*c clc <n Shc*h0cn ul hccs h P*chdu0nc.cscsc% cu /bs 2hcc <nsc0nh*c dc lhudc /c4nscc. B% dhc+ un sc*h2s0 dc"hl +u h* /cns <n .bb* ch s+"0s cu*c3c bu.clc% <n <s ch s+ c )*s0csc 4s"h)bs ch s+ c sl+/csc% c<n h"/bs /c4nsc ncs2<*4s clc"3s 0slbs s/s*sQ s chsh* dhc+ *ccunbsc c+ s<n sc+lbs 4s Dbsnsc% n"h4 /*ch s+ 2su g*bsblhn% cs% )c c< c"h0 s *<0 b*h % Dbh0nc% )*s0sndu" c% )c"h < h h4 /*ch s+ c 0+*csc sl+/sndu" c: *bs s"/bs 0ul3u0s*s 2+*+"ncc h*c hcclush cc 0+ <ncununch.+ cu 0slbs cnss.

BB
C2.Luch%77%5"&8.
MCDSTHSH 7'
427
lc b2c*+ u u*b*h% hDung<nd s+ c <0bsc cu cb0b*slc 4s s+ c *bhgc cu 2c*scs*slc. <4s *s0s c slugslc% )c c< dc s<*gusncsbhsc% )c"h < dc h*s)h c% s+"s chu c )c bhs)c3ss lcnc/b4s: hcc4 sh <ns+% b+d+*hns% c+cs )+0<n cns% dss)*c3uscsc *c)u h3sh 4s *h ch.+ 2blbsul: sc scu.+ c+ s<n )*b4 s% nu dbh* ncnb*bcb4s% 4s% dc)*sn4s cu 0<nc+*u*slc Dbsnscc dsn Cgs) ul lb*% *c2u.+ dclsch csclc Cc*ulus: )c unss <s b)*csc 2sh*clc dc hu* hlc l+cb0scs dc bhns: )c hl3ss Dh* sc*h scn.uhls +3ss: )c 0ul3s h0bs3sb4s <s dcscu*hDch.+ *c)u h3sh% 4s hnu0c )b2 clc lu0c4 s% h4h <nc< b ul c )*cg+ s % dh* bhs)c3ss ls)scsc. S+ nu"3s /sn+ h c*cdcQ Dh* cs c bs)+3ul Cc*ulus% 4s cs s<n 2bh* c lcgh3s dc lu0c% 4s )c c< dc cu* cns b* sc /+dc4 c Db0nul% )c"h < dc b+d+*hns sc"h*h + cs. H0sn c4 c"3s% su2lc c% dc c< c b*s hs cb0ss g*bsbl+nss 4s 0hs 0h*s% dc /*c0c cc% sn/s h lh 0hsh lus dc c+ *c Rcgclc Cc*ulus% dh* b+d+*hn 2ssnd% hs *cs)sns 2c*scs*ch 4s% <n lbc dc h c )*cg+ s ch s+ c cu0snccs% c"hs l+sh )*hd+ uncs nc)sb4cnss 2+*+ *bs % uncs dss *hc3ss dc4h* c. Scbh c dc"hscs b <nd*c) h*c bsnc *ccunbscu + 4s b db*sn3+ *chl+ dc"h 0c*gc c< 0hs dcs lh bhnchc ul hccs h sb0) ubs. PUNCTUL 7 #+.<nd Db0nul c+ bhs)c3ss% bh0cns dc 0ul )*ch *+u gus % nu sc <ndch0n+ s+ /sn+ 4s c+% )b2 s3s snsss cn s)*c bsnclc lb*% 4s"& dss)*c3uscsc% nu"4s )sc*dc *+bdh*ch cu ccslhl3s 4s nscs nu chu + s+"4s *c *hg+ bsnc2hcc*slc% cs 0hs cu*<nd% cu 4s 0hs /sc db*sn3+ dc"h lc <0)+* +4s% d+ nbs b*dsnc 4s )b*uncc4 c sluDs b*slb* s+ shs+ )c s *+.s 4s" n )sc3c 4s s+"s cbn/bhcc )c b3s s+*hcss% dc /*c0c cc bbgh3ss <n b*c s)h clc: s+ /sn+ 2l+0<n.ss% c+cs )cn *u cs cs c csnh cch 0h*c: 2sc cch 0hs 0h*c )cdch)s+ h cclb* lcgh3s dc lu0c s+ n"b gus c 4s chsh* s+ n"b /hd+. Dhu 2ugh hcc4 sh% )c c< dc )*b0)3s% )c"h < dc nc/bsh4s: /sn 4chsb)ss s<*gusncsb4s% b*bss <n *hsul lh 3sn +% sn *+ cu s0c*cnsc 4s s<n )*s0s3s cu 2hs % sc u0)lu 0csclc dc s+*hcs cu duhul% dss)*c3us3s )c lu0c% )*c3us3s <n Cc*% c+cs lb* lc cs c dh h <0)+*h3s cu Du0nc.cu. Cugc + u% ccl 0hs s+*hc dsn *c b3s% 4chsb)+ <nd 0c*cu <n *u /s* u c% csung <n *u 2hcc*ch dc bsnc% 4s cb0)b* +" c ch 4s cu0 c"hs <n <lns cu <ngc*ss: sn *+ nc)b2 s <n Cc*% nu h4 c) h s+ 2ss c+u h % du" c s0c*s 4s 2s"/cs bsnc )*s0s : sh sch0h c+ 2bh0ch c un 0h*c h/hn hD )cn *u h < h 0<nch*c.
42$ CUMSNCCTBRUL
PUNCTUL 6 Cu cc )b2 + sc /b* 2s h4c.h cc*4c b*ss lh 0hsh cch <0bcl4ugh +Q S+*hcss 0+n<nc+ buch clc su/c*hnslb*. Cu0 <4s /b* 0hs 2s lsns dcgc clc du)+ clc% 2+*+ sh3ul <0busbh3slb*% 2+*+ *sscul dc h ls sc h)lcchQ Nu )sc*d nscs lbcul% nscs s0)ul% nu sc lhs+ 2u*h3s dc hl c bcu)h3ss% 2ssndc+ 4 su c+ c csn+ 4s nu sc )b ducc hl undc/h: nu *c2u.+ ns0sc% <n *uc< nu lc"b <ng+dusc nscs h)c s ul% nscs h)c sshn clc buch c: lc chdc 2bh* c bsnc b cc lc )lhcc h < dc 0ul 4s *+0<n 2bh* c 0ul3u0s3s ccs cc )<n+ h.s nu hu 0<nch ns0sch subs hn3shl. S0hgsnch.+" c )c snc% ccl 0hs s+*0hn dsn *c b3s% /snb 2l+"0<nd lh hcchs + Mhs+ Shc*h0cn hl+% 4s b s+ 0+n<ncs cu )l+cc*c% c+cs% b*sc< h* 2s 2bs dc 0h*c csnh hccch% n"h 2bs hl cc/h dcc< b u0b*+ h csncs hlc: lsngc"3s dcgc clc ch un cc*4c b* 4s dcs2+" ch.+" c <n shn+ cu 0<nch*ch hs h dclscsbhs+: 0+n<nc"b cu c*cdsn3+% *u0cg"b 0cds <nd% sh h0sn c lh cc 0+n<ncs 4s /cs cbns h h c+"n /sh3h h n"hs )us <n gu*+ )<n+ h.s cc/h lh 2cl dc gus bs 4s dc subs hn3shl. PUNCTUL ( C< dc 0ul3u0s3s% c< dc <ndcs ulh3s /b* 2s *+0hs b3s hcc4 sh% nc0hs2ssnd s+*hcs% cs bhs)c3s bbgh3s% c+cs c <0bbg+3c4 c csnc"3s u0)lc 2h*2u*shQ Hcu0 *ccunb4 sn3h /h 2s cghlh <n2b0c h*chQ Cc dc 0ul3u0s*s /b* 2s <n+l3h c+ *c Db0nul bhnchc ulus ccs cc )<n+ h uncs nu sc 0hs )b0cnssc*+ s+ us c<nd/hQ Cc dc 2clscs +*s <4s /b* 0hs 2s hd*csh <n *c cs )cn *u hsc0cnch nb*bc% /+.<nd ncnb*bcul hl b*hQ s cu0 <4s /b* 0hs 2s 0+* u*sss *ccunb4 sn3h )cn *u cl 4s"& /b* 2s )*bsl+/s Q Su2lc c% *ccunbh4 c"3s 2c*scs*ch% <nhl3+"3s glhsul <0)*cun+ cu *ccunbsc+ bh*ch Rcgsn+ h Cc*u*slb*% )*ch0+*sndu"& )c Db0nul 4s .sc<nd? Pc 2l+0<n.s s"h cb/<*4s dc h/u3ss 4s )c bbgh3ss ccs )bshcs s"h l+sh gbs. H*h +" c )c"h < dc *ccunbsc+ b* )c c< dc bnb*h hs 2bs : cc*c"lc <ngc*slb* s+"3s <0)*u0u c ls0bslc lb*% nu )cn *u <nc<n h*c% cs )cn *u c<n h*c dc 0ul3u0s*c. Scbh c dc"hscs 0c*sul lh cu0sncch*c% )*ccu0 un s+*0hn 2l+0<nd% lh Csnh cch Mh*c.
MCDSTHSH 69
(7'

PUNCTUL & /Dusdc4 c" c lh <0)*cDu*h*ch c<nd un bbg+ h4 h2l+ dc cCss cn3h /*cuncs 0h*s cb0b*s hscunsc% c< dc lcsnc <s d+ c*c.h*c% cu cc s<*gusn3+ sc .bh c s+ b dbb<ndchsc+Q Nu 0hs h*c sb0n csnc nu /ssch.+ dcc< s+ sc <0bbg+3chsc+% nu 0+n<nc+ 4s nu bch% hsd*b)sc dbh* dc hu*: )*s0h s<*gusn3+ <s cs c s+ cu0)c*c 3h*snh undc 4 sc c+ sc h2l+ ch% ch s+"s 2sc 0hs <n ssgu*hn3+: sc h)uc+ cl <nsu4s s+ sh)c du)+ ch% 2ssndc+ n"h*c <nc*cdc*c <n ns0cns: s)c*hn3h dc"h b g+ss <s dc.0sn c bbbschlh% 4s csnc )lcsnc4 c dc
l+cb0sc nu ss0 c c+ )lcsnc4 c dc bbbschl+: c*c4 c <n/c*4unh*ch )c 0+su*+ cc sc h)*b)sc dc ch 4s sns0h lhcb0+ <nsu2lc3c4 c b*h3clc bs cns c. Su2lc c% hs +.s c*cdsn3h c"h <n4 ssn3h dcs)*c hcch cb0bh*+ )c c< dc 0h*c% )c"h < dc ncs2<*4s +% hscuns+"n *"un bgb* dc )<snc% h < dc )*c3sbhs+% <nc< <nchsdc"n ssnc bh + bbg+3sh cc*ulus: s+*hc c4 s% 4s c /cs <0bbg+3s: dhc+ b /cs g+ss% bucu*+" c dc hcchs + 0slbs cnsc 4s /cs sc+)h chsh* h.s dc 0s.c*sc: hscs% <n Bs sh hcchs h% hs bh c cb0b*slc /c4nscc. Cu0 dc nu lc chu3s% s<*gus b*O Cu0 dc nu c bucu*s dc clc% 2c*scs O Cb0bh*h 3s"c <n *u b ul lh <ndc0<n+: bucu*+" c dc ch cu 0<snslc )lsnc% /snb lh S2<n h Cb0unsunc cu *</nh unus .g<*cs lh b cb0bh*+.
-
PUNCTUL 7 Ph/cl h nu0s b+lsgh* bbg+3sslc lu0ss hccs csh% 4s cu d*c) cu/<n % dc /*c0c cc dsn clc sc"hlcgc dbh* gunbs% s<n su)usc )u *c.s*ss 4s"s lhs+ cu bu.clc u02lh c )c hd0s*h b*ss lb* ccs )*b4 s: s<n s)u*ch c 4s <n snch.+ sns0h cu /scss: h* 2s ncbunsc% 4s <nc+ 0h*c% s+"3s u0)ls s<nul dc gunbhsc <n lbc dc gsu/hsc*u*s scu0)c: s+ c u0)ls dc s hu*% <n lbc dc hu*. Hs h 2hc 2sss /chculus hccs ush% bhs h*.s hs cclus /c4nsc? dss)*c3uscsc cb0bh*h Hl h*ulus 4s )*c3uscsc g*bh)h dc nccu*h3ss h lu0ss.
6A
C2. Mh cs% &6%(( 4s u*0.
430 CUMSNCCTBRUL
MCDSTHSH 6& (6&
PUNCTUL & #ugc + cu0 b*bul ccl )*chc/lh/sbs dsn Sc*shbn sc <nh*0ch.+ cu /+.ul c*cdsn3cs% ch s+ 4s"& dbb<ndchsc+ )c ccl *u)csc. Plchc+ <n c+u h*ch M<n us b*ulus% 2+*+ ch ch0h dc bbs hcblc s+"& dcscu*hDc.c shu s+"& )h*hls.c.c lcnch cu scu.c dc nc)u sn3c? /cdc c+ nu /cdc 4s /cdc c< <s c dc 2blbs s+ /hd+% 4s )lchc+ hs 2cl dc hchs+% )+*+ssndu"sc )c ssnc <nsu4s: <n )*s0ul *<nd% nu"s ls)sc4 c ls0bh ch s+
s *sgc% chsh* dhc+"s ls)scsc bchss ch s+ /hd+% sh* csnc h*c ls0b+ ch s+"4s 0+* u*sschsc+ *clclc /h hDungc 4s lh <nd*c) h*ch lb*: <0)*cunch.+ h b )u c*nscsh 4s 0slbs s/s*ch lus Ssus 4s hs 2cl <l nu0c4 c% <ndh b*<ndu"& )*sn *" un nu0c h < dc shl/h b*? >Ssusc% .scc cl% 2su hl lus Dh/sd ccl b<nd% nu 2s u 0hs )u3sn 0slbs s/. Ssusc% 2sul lus Dh/sd% c+*ush s s"h 2+g+dus M<n us b*ul% d+"0s s+n+ h ch%
B5
0slusc4 c"0+% Dbh0nc% )c 0snc. Tu% 4s )c 0sncQ Tu% un Sn2sns % )c 0snc% b 0usculs3+ Dbsnsc+: Tu c4 s C*ch b*ul 0cu% Tu *cbusc s+"0s 2ss 4s lccus b*ul. Tu 0s"hs dh ccl 0hs 0ul % 4s hnu0c 2ssn3h% d+"0s cc"s 0hs )u3sn% 4s hnu0c /cdc*ch: nu 2s )cn *u 0snc Du0nc.cu hscuns% dc /*c0c cc"n Sudcch c4 s h < dc cunbscu ." Hs 2cl <4s .b*c4 c <n2+) us*ch lchculus% cu s *sg+*s dc *ug+csunc. <nchs)usc4 c" c )c snc b*b dc )h s0slc hlc% 2+*+ h )u ch /cdch cc"3s cs c dc ccl 0hs 0h*c 2blbs% 2+*+ h"& cunbh4 c )c Db0nul 4s Du0nc.cul +u: 0h*c c b*bs*ch nc4 ssn3cs hlc% 4s 0hs 0h*c cch h g*c4clslb* hlc. 2ssndc+ us +" c% b*bulc% <l hs hs +s hscs )c <nsu4s Ssus 4s M<n us b*ul% dhc+ nu <n Sc*shbn% lh Hl h*? s *sg+ dhc+ /*cs s+ /c.s hcu0% dhc+ db*c4 s s+n+ h c% ch s+ bb3ss b <0buc+ u*+ h < dc 0h*c: csnc h*c ls0b+ ch s+ cch*+ sc* h*c /h hDungc <n Cc*: d+ 2ugh <nd*u0h dc c*cdsn3+: nu"& 0hs s *sgh 2sul lus Dh/sd. cs >Ssusc% 2sul M+*scs"% c+cs c 0hs bsnc% >0slbs s/c4 c" c dc 0snc". PUNCTUL 7 M<n us b*ul sc h)*b)sh dc b*b: 0h*c 2c*scs*c s+ nu 2ss dc)h* c dc Db0nulQ <l )sc*dch dsn /cdc*c cu bchss *u)ulus% <l *cc<4 sgh cu ccs hs su2lc ulus: sc 2blbsc4 c dc glhs% dhc+ dc /+. nu )bh c 4s. <n +*sndu"4s"& cu su2l+*s dc c/lh/sc% s.bucnc4 c <n s *sg+ c dc s)c*hn3+? ..Ssusc = .scc = ccch cc <nsch0n+ h s)unc s./b* dc 0<n u"s*c 4s /sh3+ =% )+s *ch.+ 4s )cn *u 0snc b )sc+ u*+% 4s dhc+ Tu% Dbh0nc% nu 0+ lccusc4 s% csnc hl ul h* )u ch"b 2hccO N"h0 s+ 2su h < dc nc0c*nsc% <nc< s+ 0+ <nc*cd <n *"un b0: c*ch u*slc nu dhu /cdc*ch% cs 0hs dcg*hb+ 3s"b *+)csc." Unss 4s hl3ss <l cc* hu% su)+*h3s dc s *sg+ clc lus% nc<ncc*ch3s dc ncnb*bcs*ch lus: <s s)unchu s+ hc+% cs Ssus <l hscul h% 4s cl scb ch s *sg+ c 4s 0hs 0h*s? >Dbh0nc% 2sc"3s 0sl+ dc ncnb*bcs*ch 0chQ Dhc+ cu )c Tsnc nu Tc /+d% Tu ssgu* 0+ /c.s )c 0snc." >Cc /*csO"% <l <n *chb+ C*ss bs% ch s+"s cunbhsc+ 4s 0hs bsnc )+sul 4s lchcul. s cl *+s)undc? >Cc )b /*ch bh*c hl cc/h dcc< s+ c /+d% c+cs <n Tsnc /cdch"/bs b ul% Dbh0nc% 4s )c bh c hlc 0clcO" Hscul +% su2lc c% c+cs cu snc /b*bc4 c <nsu4s Db0nul 4s"3s s)unc? >Cc /*csO Cc chu3sO Cc*c 0slbs s/s*s hcclush ch*c c )b2 c4 c lh T*u)ul 4s S<ngclc s+u% c+cs cc bh*c nu"3s /h dh csnc 3s sc d+ b O Cu <3s s<n 3sn h% h3sn c4 c"3s bchss lh 0snc: cu <3s s<n ccn *ul% bdshnc4 c" c <n 0snc. Cc /*csO"% <n *chb+ Db0nul. Tu *+s)undc"s? >Cc hl cc/h )b /*ch cu dhc+ nu )c Tsnc% s+ Tc /+d 4s s+ 0+ bucu* dc
MCDSTHSH 6& 433
Tsnc% s+ )*s0csc 4s s+ Tc )*s0csc? s+"0s <nchsd bchss )cn *u dc4c* +csunc% s+ 0s"s dcschsd )cn *u 3sn +." Cc /*csO Hdsc+? ss cc <nsch0n+ h c cu0sncchO Scstss, Ausd kcccrs" !!sslB' PUNCTUL 6 Nu 0hs )u3sn 0slbs s/ s"h h*+ h Db0nul cu ccl+lhl b*b% dsn nh4 c*c% dh* 0hs 0ss c*sbs% dcbh*ccc% dc4s l"h* 2s )u u /sndcch dbh* )*sn cu/<n ul s+u% h luh sn+ 4s s"h )us"b )c bchs% 2+c<nd cbls* dsn cc/h cc )+*ch )scdsc+: h luh )+0<n 4s &"h 2*+0<n h cu scus)h ul s+u% )*c2+c<ndu"& hs 2cl <n *"un g*un. dc Cc*% 4s ccch cc 2uscsc s *sc+csunc h dc/cns lchc: h /bs ch dsn )ulbc*ch u0slsn3cs s+ shs+ snh )cn *u /sndcch*ch lus: s"h dcschss bchss bc0hs c<nd )+*ch c+ s"s hs u)hsc? <n 2clul hccs h% sh* h)bs s)+l<ndu"sc% h dbb<nds b /cdc*c h < dc bun+% <nc< h )u u /cdch b*scc 4s"h* 2s )u u db*s. Cu0)+nc4 c hcu0 su)c*sb*s h ch hh <*ulus 2+cu 3sc% dcbh*ccc nu"3s h)lsc+ )+0<n ul 2*+0<n h cu scus)h ul s+u% cs chsh* *u)ul s+u 2*+0<n h cu s<ngc 4s )lsn dc du0nc.cs*ch sh: )unc"3s"& nu dbh* )c bchs% cs <n )sc) ul +u% )unc"3s"& )c bchss su2lc ulus% cu cunb4 sn3+ 4s subs*c: *ccunbh4 c c+% s)*c h"3s dh 3sc /cdc*ch% <3s d+ chsh* bchss lus: )*s/c4 c hcu0h cu ccs hs lus C*ss bs% /b*bc4 c cu ls0bh lus% u0bl+ cu )scsbh*clc lus% *+sc4 c cu /sh3h lus% .sc<nd cu S2<n ul Ph/cl? >T*+scsc% dh* nu cu nu0hs% 2ssndc+ *+sc4 c C*ss bs <n 0snc." <n/h3+ dc hscs c+ dhc+ scus)h ul Db0nulus luc*ch.+ <n chs) h < dc c2schcc% <nc< d+ /cdc*ch unus b*b% cc nu sc /h )c *ccc <n ccl cc sc <0)+* +4c4 c cu ch*nch 4s s<ngclc Db0nulus% uns c cu du0nc.cs*ch lusO PUNCTUL ( H < h bucu*sc h ss03s b*bul dc )c u*0h /cdc*ss% <nc< s+*ch <n sus dc )l+cc*c% hlc*g<nd c+ *c cununh cch /c4nsc+. S"h <n b*s h)bs lh Db0nul% *ccunbsc+ b* )cn *u dbb<nds*ch /cdc*ss% /+.<ndu"&% c+cs nu c dc /+.u hl csnc/h% s)*c h"4s 2blbss ls0bh <n *u )*bsl+/s*ch lus. <l 0+* u*ssch ch )c Db0nul 4s Du0nc.cul s+u% <n csudh cclb* b*bs dc )s.0+: sc s0c*c4 c cu )sc) ul lh )+0<n c+ s+"& )*bsl+/chsc+ )c S.b+/s b*ul s+u: <4s )unc gcnunchss )c )+0<n ul
B'
MCDSTHSH 67 Ch s3% prs"c4ts pc D!"nul h4h cu" h k!st #0dust *n chsh lus <hhhrshA9
N
C2. Luch% &%6'"BA.
MCDSTHSH 67 435
h2lc g+.dus*c <n )sc) ul +u: s2sc4 c" c cu 0hs 0ul + <nd*c) +3s*c dcc< S2<n h Clsshbc h 4s /cs <nlbcus )*sn u0slsn3+ ccch cc"3s ls)sc4 c ch c/lh/sc. PUNCTUL 7 >Dc undc 0sc hcchs h = .scc S2<n h Clsshbc h% dc4s c*h /c*s4bh*+ 4s s2<n h c*h =% Mhsch Db0nulus 0cu s+ /sn+ lh 0sncO C<nd h0 0c*s h cu h < h 2c*scs*cO Cu 0hs )u3sn dcc< *bhb+% ch Rcgsnh Cc*u*slb*." N"h s)us c+ <nsu4s Db0nul 4s Du0nc.cul% )cn *u c+ h4h cc/h h* 2s 2bs 0hs )*csus dc cu/sn c: dhc+ sc 2<s <cc4 c <ns+ dc 0hsc+% cc s"h* 2s <n <0)lh cu sn2sns ul% /c4nscul% s0cnsul 4s h b )u c*nscul KsuO Hccs h*gu0cn dc lh sn2c*sb* lh su)c*sb* hDungc ch s1"& cbn/sng+ 4s )c un sc*h2s0% dh*0s c )c b 2u*nsc+. Mh*c /b*b+ cch h S2sn cs Clsshbc h. Hdc/+*h h )sld+ )cn *u b3s ccs cc sc cu0sncc+. >Dc undc 0sc hcchs hO" Cu hs 2cl dc cu/sn c *cbusc 4s u s+ <ncc)s% su2lc c hl 0cu. c<nd hs h"& g+.dus )c un Db0n h < dc <nhl : *c)c +"lc dc 0ul c b*s. >Dc undc 0sc hcchs h% 0sc% un /sc*0c Dbsnsc% un )+c+ bs ncnb*bcs % unul ch*c 0c*s + nbs shdu*s: 0sc% )lsn dc )+ch c% sng*h 4s sc+lbs% nc*ccunbsc+ b*: 0sc% b 2u*nscu3+ h )+0<n ulus: 0sc. )ulbc*c 4s ccnu4+: 0sc% un ns0sc 4s chsh* 0hs )u3sn dc"h < hO s s+ /sn+ Du0nc.cu <nsu4sO Db0nul hcclh sn2sns % s0cns 4s /c4nscO s nu nu0hs lh 0snc hchs+% cs <n )sc) ul 0cuO S+ sn *c cl% nu dbh* )c u4h 0ch% cs 4s )*sn *c bu.clc 0clcO S+ )+ *und+ nu dbh* <n sh hcul ccl 0hs hscuns% cs chsh* <n sns0h 0chO Cu0 dc nu 0+ 2<s <ccsc% cu0 dc nu"0s )sc*d cunb4 sn3hO K+*+ dbh* 4s )bh c c+ s<n ncss03s b*. PUNCTUL 6 Sh h0sn c cc bun+ )*s0s*c <s 2hcc S2<n h Clsshbc h bhs)c cs shlc M+*sh 4s cc h cn c P*uncul Sbhn cu P*uncul Du0nc.cu% c+cs <n chsh hs h b ul cs c )c 0+su*+% ns0sch nu c 2+*+ *bs <n *"<nsh. #+.<ndu"sc slbbbd dc /sn+% Sbhn shl + ch s+ sc h)*b)sc dc Db0nul% ch 4s cu0 h* s)unc? B% /snb Tu lh 0snc% Db0nul 0cu 4s Du0nc.cul 0cuQ B% 2+ s+ 0+ )b h)*b)sh dc TsncQ B% cu0 l"h* <0b*+3s4h 4s l" h* s *<ngc 4s s"h* uns cu d<nsul% dhc+ h* )u chQ #bsn3h s"h /+.u ls0)cdc c<nd S2<n h Clsshbc h h hu.s
glhsul )*chnc)*sh+ns cs Msclu3c: Sbhn <l *ccunbh4 c )c Msclu4clul Db0"

436 CUMSNCCTBRUL
nulus% ch*c <nl+ u*+ )+ch clc lu0ss: h s+l h dc )l+cc*c% c+cs nu c bucu*sc 0hs 0h*c dcc< sc4s*ch dsn )+ch . Cu0)+nc4 c u% ch*c l"hs )*s0s )c Db0nul? dhc+ Sbhn nu"4s 0hs <nch)c <n ssnc dc bucu*sc <n 0+*un hsclc 0h c*nc% c<nd /cdc c+ <n chsh lus <nch)c Du0nc.cul ccl Sn2sns % u% ch*c l"hs g+.dus hs +.s chsh* <nl+un *ul )sc) ulus +u% cc shl u*s dc sh ss2hc3sc h* *cbus s+ 2hcs )c d*u0ul /s* u3ss% dc s+ hDungs )<n+ lh /sh3h cch /c4nsc+Q Dhc+ Sbhn sc cn u.shs0ch.+ h < h )cn *u c+"& ss0 c h < dc h)*bh)c )c cl% u% ch*c"& hs chsh* <nl+un *ul +u% c< h* *cbus s+ c 0<ng<sQ Dh* /hs% u nu ss03s 4s nu cunb4 sQ Hcblb% Db0nul h *+0hs <n )<n ccclc P*chs2sn cs Mhscss shlc% sh* hscs *ccc <n *"hl +u: Sbhn nu s"h )u u h)*b)sh nu0hsdcc< dc Db0nul% b*sc< dc 0h*s s2b*3+*s h 2+cu % sh* u c h)*b)ss h < dc 0ul % <nc< c unc4 s shc*h0cn hl cu cl. S2<n ul Sbhn h db*s s+ hDung+ h"4s ls)s bu.clc dc )scsbh*clc Db0nulus% h c+*us shndh n"h cu c.h 0hs h)bs% dc4s 0hs s2<n % nscs s"b dc.lcgc% sh* u <l )*s0c4 s )c bu.clc hlc% <l )us <n gu*+% <l <nghs3s 4s"& 0+n<ncs: s *+dusc4 c" c s+ *+sc4 s dsn Cl% cu Cl 4s )cn *u Cl. PUNCTUL ( Tb3s hu *+0hs bucu*b4s 4s b3s *ccunbsc+ b*s. Clsshbc h% )c 0+su*h u0slsn3cs shlc% h *ccunbscu hh <*ul: h 2bs )lsn+ dc Duhul S2<n <n 0ul3u0s*s 4s"n s *sg+*s% )*s0snd 4s 0ul3u0snd: )*uncul Sbhn nu 4s"h hscuns bucu*sh c<nd s"h 2+cu <n *"h < h ss03s +% 4s chsh* dhc+ nu )bh c cu s *sg+ c% )*sn shl u*s 4s"b 2hcc cunbscu +: c*h glhs hl Db0nulus 4s s"h bs cns <n *u lhudclc"s ds/snc. H c<n h Mhsch Kccsbh*+% )*ch0+*snd )c Db0nul% luc*+ b* dc 0slbs cnss 4s 0snuns. Su2lc c% nu h0u3s bc0hs u )*sn *c h < ch glhsu*s dc lhud+: 2ss glhs dc sl+/s*c cu Sbhn% nu +cc*c 0u + cu Zhhh*sh: dcschsdc"3s gu*h <n *u 0ul3u0s*c% dc /*c0c cc"hs dcschss"b )cn *u 0<nch*c: nu"s 2sc )sc) ul )+du*c3% )*sn <nssngu*h*c% cs dc cu* chn hl Cc*ulus )*sn *ccunb4 sn3+: <nhl3+ glhsul cu Clsshbc h% shl + cu Sbhn 4s )*ch0+*c4 c"& cu M+*sh P:hs2<n h.
MCDSTHSH 66 437
PUNCTUL & #ugc + c< dc *+u )b*ns3s c*hu cc +3cnss Bc lcc0ulus% dc /*c0c cc nu s"hu g+.dus <n chsclc lb* )c" hccsh cc"h* 2s 0c*s h "b chsh* <n *+*unchss lb*: Puscsc*+ s +)<ns*c )c cs *u2sh 4s l+cb0sh% 4s hs 2cl nu lc *+0+scsc lbc )cn *u bhs)c3s h < dc s+*hcs 4s dc u0sls: nu lc b2c*+ nscs 0+ch* un unghc* cclb* c+*b*h lc"h* 2s 2bs dh b*s cu sns0slc lb*. B*bs3s dc sn c*cs% *udclc nu /+d bsnclc cc lc sn *+ )c u4s% sh* ccs ch*c nu"& *ccunbsc )c Du0nc.cu <n s+*hc nu"& *ccunbsc nscs )c Du0nc.cu dc/cns s+*hc. Sh h0sn c% su2lc c% c+ hs +.s /h /cns s+ bh + lh u4h chscs hlc Db0nul <nsu4s: dhc+ hcblb <nchss <n chlch4ch /s*gsnhl+% hscs hcb)c*s <n *"b Bs sc: gblc4 c"3s sns0h dc b cc cs c lu0c ch s+ 2hcs lbc Cc*ulus b ? c+cs un C0)s*cu sc cu/cnch s+ 2sc s<nul undc h/ch s+ *hg+ P*uncul hccs h u*sh4: chu + s+"& <0)bdbbc4 s cu s0c*cnsc 4s s+*+csc% c+ hccs ch s<n sculclc cc"s )lhc 0ul 0h*clus Bhs)c c )c ch*c"& h4 c)3s. PUNCTUL 7 Pclc*snss cc*ulus u0bl+"n c+u h*ch unus cbl3 dc lu0c undc s+ *hg+ <n gh.d+% 4s nu"& g+scsc: ns0cns nu"s *ccunbh4 c% dc nc*ccunbsc+ b*s cc s<n : nu ch hdscscsc nscs 0+ch* s+"s )*s/chsc+ shu s+"s hscul c. Sh + c+ hcclh cc nu <nch)c"n Cc*u*s nu g+sc4 c b <nc+)c*c <n lu0c% sh* )c /sc*0clc Dbsnsc cc nu h*c nscs b <nc+)c*c <n Cc* nu"& <nch)c lu0ch bh +: Kccsbh*h /h 2s cblsndh dsn )bh* +"n )bh* +% 4s )c bh c lc g+sch <nchssc% )c c<nd cclc hlc Cc*ulus c*hu lh*g dcschssc: dc lh chsh uncs *udc *ccch lh chsh unus cunbscu : b3s 2+cchu )c 0s*h3ss% <h *cb<nd"b csnc cs c. Kccsbh*h /h 2s *+s)uns c+"s b
s+*0hn+ )clc*sn+% sb3sh unus s+*0hn dulghc*% 4s% hu.snd

L C2. Luch, :, SS.
(68
CUMSNCCTBRUL
dc"h < h s+*+csc% b3s lc *<n chu u4h"n nhs. Nu /b*bs h4h Dbh0n+% c+ lu0ch nu )*scc)c ls0bh hcchs h? s)unc c+ c4 s P*sn3csh P+0<n" ulus% Rcgsnh Cc*ulus% <0)+*+ chsh <n *cgss c*ch3ss. Dh* /hs% s lu*slc hccs ch glb*sbhsc *+0<n )cn *u u4h h% b% su2lc c hl 0cuQ Sh h0sn c c+ hs +.s sbsc4 c"n 2h3h cs Dbh0nh 4s"3s cc*c s+ b )*s0c4 s% s+"s dhs un lbc undc s+"& nhsc+ )c P*uncul Du0nc.cu: sh sch0h cc"s *+s)un.s. Dc c< c b*s nu s"hs *c2u.h sn *h*ch cu 0hs 0h*c g*bsbl+nsc dcc< hcc4 shQ H4hdh*% <nsu2lc3c4 c"b cu 0hs 0ul + c*cdsn3+ 4s cugc + c+ <nsu4s P*uncul Du0nc.cu% ch*c hcblb c+u h un lbc undc s+ sc nhsc+% hscs chu + )c csnc/h ch*c s+"& )*s0chsc+: hcblb <n *c /+lu*s /s*gsnhlc% hscs <n *c dhlbc hccsdcn c: bh c lh )b*3slc sns0ss% 4s ns0cns nu"s *+s)undc: ccl subs dc Th +l ccl #c4nsc% ccl db*s dc <ngc*s nu g+sc4 c )c ns0cns ch*c s+"& subchsc+. Cs% su2lc c hl 0cu% scbhl+" c dsn )h ul nc)sb4cnscs hlc% hl <nclsnh3sslb* lu0c4 s% gh h% nu 0hs lcnc/s% c+cs hl 2cl /h *ccc 0hs dc)h* c c+ *c hl hd+)bs 0hs nb*bcbsQ PUNCTUL 6 Cu/<n ul <n *u)h nu h/ch undc s+ sc nhsc+: nu"& dbh*c h < h c+ c su*ghsuns dc undc *cbusc s+"s 2sc )h *sh% c< c+ nu c )*s0s hcblb undc c Chsh P<snss. B% cu0 l"h* 0hs )*s0s <ngc*ss <n 0sDlbcul cc clb* lb* <nh*s)h cQ Cu0 l" h* 0hs hd+)bs s sbh*clc 4s s"h* b2c*s )*b)*sul s+u ccn *u d*c) c*s/h Q Cu0 s"h* 0hs 0u h C0)s*cul )c )+0<n ch s+"s sluDchsc+ d*c) )hlh Q Dh* nscs unus nu s sc"ng+dusc hsc0cnch 2c*scs*c% b )+s *ch.+ dbh* )cn *u snc. B% u% ccl cc /ss s+ c cu0snccs% b2c*+"s P*unculus <0)+* +4s )sc) ul +u d*c) hd+)bs % 0+*un hsclc hlc s+ 3s sc s2<4sc 4s d*c) scu ccc s+"s sluDchsc+ b+sc*slc sns0ss hlcQ <n cclc dsn u*0+% bs cns3s 4s b2cnsh3s% s"hu *c *hs <n *" un s hul% dsn ch*c Db0nul 4s"h 2+cu ccn *u% )c c0csul s+*+cscs 4s u0slsn3cs lus: hcblb hns0hlclc <l )*s0csc cu s0c*cnsc )c ccl *cs)sns dc bh0cns cu s+lb+ scsc: Mhsch sh &"h h4c.h <n *"b scslc% lu<ndu"& dsn c<nd <n c<nd <n )bhlc: sc bdshnc4 c <n )hsc ccl 0hs bun g*+un c% )b2 sndu"s )c b3s <n Chsh P<snss% )cn *u ch b3s s+"& 0+n<ncc. Su2lc c% nu 2s 0hs ncss03s b* dcc< /s clc: bbul <l *ccunbh4 c )c Rcgclc s+u: nu"& <ndc)+* h bc0hs u )c S +)<nul +u: )*s/c4 c"& cu c*cdsn3+ /sc 4s /cs cbns h h c+ hcclh4s% <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h % ch*c s + ch hcblb <n scslc% c hscs <n Hl h*: hcblb% ccl 0ul %
MCDSTHSH 6(
(6'
hs 2s *cu4s s+"& 0<ng<s 4s s+"& s+*u3s% hscs s+"& 0+n<ncs: hcblb% l"hs 2s s *<ns lh s<n% hscs <l )us <n cl: nhsc+"sc% dh*% <n sns0h h 4s s csc"s <n )*chD0+ bh c 2hcul +3slc hlc% unclc subsndu"&% hl clc cbn c0")l<ndu"&% sluDsndu"& 4s hdb*<ndu"& cu bh clc. PUNCTUL ( Nu s"h g+ss )c )+0<n ns0cns ch*c s+"& g+.dushsc+ )c P*uncul Du0nc.cu% nscs csnc% b dh + n+scu % s+"& <ncbnDu*c cu h cn3ss: h 2bs nc/bsc s+ cbbbh*c cu* cnss dsn cc* 4s% hs 2cl% hu c<n h cs slh/h lus Du0nc.cu 4s s" hu 2clscs h )c bh0cns% )*c/cnsndu"s <n )*s/sn3h g*h s udsnss. Su2lc c% dc /*c0c cc h.s Cc*ul s"h s *+0u h <n )sc) ul +u 4s Cu/<n ul ccl #c4nsc dc lh s<nul Th +lus <n *+*unchss +s% dsn )bhlh Mhscss shlc <n sns0h h% cu0 dc nu b 3ss b <n *"b lhud+ 4s nu c b)c4 s <n lhc*s0s dc dusb4scO Gu*ss cc"h 0<nch hsc0cnch h*hn+ nu"s s + bsnc h < dc <nchss+: bu.clc sc+ldh c dc lhc*s0slc unus Du0nc.cu P*unc% cu0 bh*c s<n h < dc usch cO Cc*c <ngc*slb* s+"3s <0)*u0u c ls0bslc lb* ch s+ lc s0s3s lhudclc. Rbhg+" c% c<n +% hclh0+% .sc<nd? >Ksc )cn *u Du0nc.cu slh/h% 4s )cn *u 0snc *bdul )+css"% cu bun+ 4s c/lh/sbhs+ /bs*c. H0sn.
A7
CUMSNCCTBRUL
h2<nh 4s"h"& )*cg+ s cu 0h*c g*sD+: s0ulgc bu*uscnslc ch s+ nu"& s <nDcnchsc+: h*dc 0+*+csnss ch s+ nu"& <n+bu4c 4s"ndc)+* ch.+ )sc *clc ch s+ nu"& <n0b*0<n c.c% c+cs h*c h <3sh /*+D0h4s <nhsn c dc h sc nh4 c 4s 0ul 0hs 0ul3s <nc+ du)+ cc s"h n+scu .
Sh h0sn c c+ h.s% s)*c 0h*clc +u nb*bc% /h s+ chd+ bbbul ccl 0hs *bdnsc 4s ccl 0hs s+0<n3bs dsn cc* <n 3+*<nh u0sl+ h )sc) ulus +u% <n bgb*ul sns0ss hlc. S *+dusc4 c" c% h4hdh*% 0hs <n <s s+"& )*cg+ c4 s ch s+ c )b3s bucu*h dc cl: ud+"& cu lhc*s0s ch*c s+"& <n0bhsc: s0ulgc /scsslc cu *+d+csns cu b % ch s+ nu"& s <nDcnchsc+: h*dc 0+*+csnss l+cb0sslb*% ch s+ nu"& <n+bu4c: <nl+ u*+ g*sDslc su)+*+ bh*c% ch s+ nu"s s ch <n chlc: <ndc)+* ch.+ )sc *clc nc)+s+*ss 4s hs)*s0ss hlc% ch s+ nu"& <n0b*0<n c.c% )cn *u ch <n 2clul hccs h% s<nu*slc *+*unchslb* +s% bsnc )*cg+ s3s 4s cu*+3h3s% s+ )*s0chsc+ bbbul ccl 0+*sns0bs cc /h 2hcc s+ *bdchsc+ hh*ul 4s c /h h*+ns cu /sh3h /c4nsc+. PUNCTUL 7 Du)+ cc h )*cg+ s )+**s<n ul% sc0+n+ b*ul hh*nsc sc *c.c4 c dss dc ds0snch3+% scsc lh c<0) 4s% cu 0<n+ gcnc*bhs+% <0)*+4 sc bbbul ccl 0hs bun dsn g*<nh*clc shlc: 3+*<nh <l )*s0c4 c"n s<nu"s dhlb% <l hd+)bs c4 c hcblb 4s"& bc*b c4 c: h)h <s d+ 0us % sbh*clc c+ldu*+% /+.duhul su2lh*c: bbbul 2c* sl <ncc)c h dh sc0nc dc /sh3+% )*sndc h sc4s lh lu0sn+% )u c*ch <nchss+"n cl <s l+*gc4 c ss03u*slc 4s sc <n sndc dcb)b *s/+ s)*c hd<nc% cu *+d+csns u0slc ch*c s+"& s)*sDsnc% 4s c+ *c <nhl % cu 2*un.s4u*s 0<nd*c ch*c s+"& *sdscc"n sl+/s. Cu0)+nc4 c cu0 hs +.s hh*nscul Hg*scul b* hl su2lc ulus +u s *+0u + dsn s<nul ds/sn <n s<nul +u )+0<n csc bbbul ccl 0hs 0sc.bs% dcs2+ h*c h cc*ulus <nsu4s: <n )sc) ul +u h c+.u : hd+)bs" c4 c"& cu <n2l+c+*h*c% ud+"& cu dusb4sc% bc*b c4 c"& cu c/lh/sc% <nsu2lc3c4 c"& cu c*cdsn3+ /sc% <n2h4+"& <n n+dcDdch h% )+s *ch.+"l <n d*hgbs ch h 2sc*bsn c% ch s+ sc <n*+d+csnc.c cu s0c*cnsc <n *+*unchss +s% s+ c*chsc+ <n su2lc ul +u% <ncunun<ndu"3s"& cu *bhdc hlc slh/cs. PUNCTUL 6 C dc 0s*h*c cu cc +*sc bl<nd+ sh bbbul dc g*<u <n s +)<ns*c )+0<n ul% <s s *+)ungc hd<ncul 4s"s c*h)+ su)*h2h3h: dss)*c3usc4 c
MCDSTHSH 6(
((&
snh% ch s+ nu sc 0u*d+*chsc+ dc ch% 4s )b)ulch.+ /+.duhul% ch s+ *bnc.c hcblb: <s <n/sngc )c nu0c*b4ss /*+D0h4s cc s sc"0)b *s"/csc? b*u0clc ch*c l"h* b2sls% .+)c.slc ch*c l"h* hcb)c*s% gc*u*slc ch*c l"h* h0b*3s% /<n u*slc cc l"h* 2*<ngc% dh* cl% *su02<nd hsu)*h u u*b*h% susc% c*c4 c 4s sc"nhl3+. Hcu0 <4s schs0b+ /c*dclc s0h*hldclb* h*+ bhsc )c culbh*ch b+lhsc h s)sculus cc"& <ncunun+ cu hu*% 0us +3slc sluDsndu"s d*c) 3c)u4c. Cc 2*u0bhsc *bnch.+ hbldclc% dhc+ 0hs sc*s /c*.s% hcu0 hu*s c% bucu*<ndu"lc bchss cclb* cc lc )*s/csc 4s <nc+ 4s 0hs 0ul )c"hs s +)<hslb*% ch*c *hg 2blbhsc dc )c u*0h lb*Q Cu0)+nc4 c% dh*% dhc+ bh + hs h c luc*h*ch unus g*+uncsb* 0h c*shl dc g*<u% <n *"b 0<n+ dc 3+*<nh% cc bh*c nu /h )u ch 2hcc bbbul <0)+* +4s <n )sc) ul cclus cc"& )*s0c4 c cu /*cdnscscO D+"s )*slcD s+ )*snd+ *+d+csns <n *+*unchss +s% c*chsc+ )*sn 2hcul +3slc hlc% l+*gchsc+"sc <n sns0h h% cbhc+"sc <n /bsn3h h% *bnc.c <n sn clcc ul +u 4s *bhdclc hh*u*slb* shlc <ncununc.c"3s cugc ul. B% cc 0<nd*u h*h + bgb*ul )sc) ulus +u cu hbldclc bbgh c hlc h < b* 4s h < dc <n2l+c+*h c cb0unsunsQ Cc )*s/cls4 c 2*u0bhs+ )cn *u <ngc*s 4s cc )l+cu + 0h*clus +u S +)<n% ch*c c Du0nc.cuQ #snb cu *cs)cc s+"& /c.s 4s cu bucu*sc s+"& sh/u*c.s: <0bbg+3c4 c"3s su2lc ul cu 0+nunchsu*s dc /s* u3s% cu cununs dc slh/+. PUNCTUL ( Cc /bsb4s h)uc+ sccc*+ b*ss sccc*slc% cu c< + )l+cc*c lc 0s4c+Q Sh* ccs ch*c"nhsn c sc4ssc*+ cu 0<hns*c s+ h*uncc bbbul% hcu0h <l culcg cu /csclsc: hu sc0+nh )c 2*sg 4s sccc*+ )c c+ldu*+% <4s 2hc hu.s + )*sn s *sg+ c 0ul3u0s*ch% dh*% ch 3+*hns% s<n 0hs dcg*hb+ )b2 s b*s dcc< *ccunbsc+ b*s d+*us b*ulus% lhudclc du0nc.csc4 s cc h* 2s 2bs dc h4 c) h *cduc<ndu"sc lh chsb c )*b2hnc. Su2lc c% u ch*c h.s *ccunb4 s *bhdclc hcclus bbb cc*csc <nsu s % nu"s s0s h )c"hcc4 sh <n sng*h s udsnc% cs dbh* <n 0ul3u0s*c: <nhl3+ glhsul <n *u bshnhlclc ds/snc: c<n +**lc dc 0+*s*c hlc 0ul3u0s*slb* hlc s+ sc cbnshc*c )*ch0+*s*ss slh/cs lus: *+sunc s0)hnul 4s )shl c*sbnul% c<nd <n h2cc c% c<nd <n s *sg+*s: *ccunb4 sn3h 2sc"3s )c 0+su*h gcnc*b.s +3ss sn2sns c% .+0sslsnd dh b*ss dc 0ul3u0s + h)h* c% *sbu u*s dc /c4nsc+ slh/+. H0sn.
442 CUMSNCCTBRUL

PUNCTUL & /bn c0)l+ cc c*un <l <ncch*c+ )+0<n ul )c Rcgclc Cc*ulus? /ul)slc hu /s.usn+ 4s )+s+*slc cc*ulus cusbu*s? 2sul 0b*3ss 4s hl )+ch ulus <l )*sgbnc4 c )c Hu b*ul hh*ulus 4s"hl /sc3ss. Cc su c"& sslcsc s+ )+*+schsc+ Cc h ch 2lb*slb* )c ccl cc s"h n+scu )cn *u s)snsQ <n b*h3clc Mhscss shlc sh d*u0ul Cgs) ulus% 3snu hl )l+gslb* 4s
bc.nclb*% 4s cu c< + bh*bh*sc <l <ndc)+* ch.+ cgs) cnss% 4s cc *+u <l )*s0csc: <nchsd )b*3slc bsnclus ch*c lc sn *+ )c clc. Su2lc c% hs +.s <nsu4s P*uncul Du0nc.cu b )b*nc4 c s)*c Cgs) ul sns0ss hlc% dhc+ hcblb <n2+4h <n scu ccc% hscs h0cs cch )*sn *c hccsdcn c: nu"& hducc )hcbs ch% cs d*hgbs ch: nu 2ugc dc 2sss bh0cnslb*% cs"s chu +% )l+cc*ch sh 2ssnd s+ s ch cu cs: nu"& g+.dus <n 2clul bh*bh* cgs) chn% cs c< 0hs h)*b)sh dc cu* c"nsh Cc*ulus: 4s dhc+ sns0h h s"h )*c2+cu <n *"un Cgs) % cb/<*4s dc <n unccs0slc nc4 ssn3cs% )lsn dc sdbls hs )h s0slb*% )*+bu"4chsc+"sc nu0hsdcc< lh )+0<n % *su02c *h0u*slc dc 2snsc% <n2lb*chsc+ /s* u3slc% 3<4nchsc+ s./bh*clc hh*ulus 4s 2sc )*bsl+/s 4s hdb*h hdc/+*h ul Du0nc.cuQ PUNCTUL 7 Lung+ h 2bs 4s h*c hnc/bsbhs+ c+l+ b*sh cclb* *cs )clc*sns dc lh Sc*ushls0 <n Cgs) % 4s <nc+ 4s 0hs c*un + )*s0s*ch: hu <ndu*h bh c nc)l+cc*slc d*u0ulus 4s nu s"hu bucu*h dc 0<ng<sc*slc bdshncs. Ns0cns nu /bsh s+"s g+.dushsc+% 2ssndc+"s /cdchu s+*hcs 4s s *+sns% 4s dhc+ nu g+sssc*+ lbc dc )b)hs )*sn *c *udc 4s cunbscu3s% cu0 hl 2cl )*sn *c s *+sns 4s nccunbscu3sO Tb3s sc /b* 2s 2c*s dc d<n4ss% ch dc ns4 c /cnc scs% 4s chsh* <4s /b* 2s s)us? >#sn hscs 2ugsnd dsn 3h*h lb*"% cs h* 2s ns0c*s "b dhc+ h* 2s s)us dsn Cc*ul lb*: sc c0 s+ nu lc Dc2ushsc+ h/u3sslc% 4s"h* 2s )u u s)unc sns0slc: <s )*s"
LC2. Mhtcs, :, &6"&8.
MCDSTHSH 6B 443
((B
MCDSTHSH 6A
Dcsprc !spul dc lh nunth dsn Chnh Ghlslcts, hplschsh C!"unsunc&.

A(
C2. S!hn, 7%&"&&.
ssndu"lc h/u ul <n hlc )bssbslulus% lc )*ssbsc4 c sns0h <n hlc 0+*s"ns0scs. Mh*c h/hn hD s)*c h"& )u ch g+.dus )c Ssus 4s h"& h4c.h lh 0hsh lb*% s)*c h"s 0c*s h 0slbs s/s*slc? 0c*s ul ls sc *clsc2ch.+ cu h < 0hs 0ul % cu c< cC)c*scn3h 0snunslb* lus C*ss bs lc c*h 0hs *cdus+? <nc+ nu"& /+.usc*+ 2+c<nd /*cb 0snunc% dh* hu bsnc0c*s h s+ <ncch)+ cu cs. Sh h0sn c c+ dhc+ h.s *cbusc s+"& g+.dusc4 s <n chsh 4s"n )sc) ul +u )c Ssus <nsu4s% Db0nul 4s h b lchcul +u% Ms*c 4s bhs)c c lh nun h su2lc ulus +u% c nc/bsc s+ c <nh*0c.s cu b h < ch /s* u3s ch 4s cl% 4s 2sc cch dsn <s b c*cdsn3+ /sc% u*0c.c"s b subs*c h*.+ bh*c% cu b <nc*cdsn3h*c nchb+ u + c+"& )b2 c4 s s+ s+/2*4chsc+ 0snuns dcb)b *s/+. PUNCTUL 7 C <ns+ dc 0h*c <nsc0n+ h c s+ cugc s cu0 dc ls)sc4 c /snul bc0hs <n bsul bs)+3ulus 4s% cu cl% /csclsh cunbscu +% *ssc bbs4nus hl )l+cc*slb* lu0c4 s. Dss)h*c"n cls)+% l+s<ndu"s )c b3s cu 0sc*ch )c bu.c 4s 2sc*ch"n sns0+ 4s nu 2hc hl cc/h dcc< s+ <nchsnc cu /sn ch s+ sc u0)lc dc /cnsn: ccs dsn Chnh Ghlslcss dhu 2ugh dc.h0+gs3s% ch s+ 2hc+ *bs dc )l+cc*slc Cc*ulus% ch*c s<n hdc/+*h c 4s *hsnscc: b )un d*c) 0sDlbcs bh*c )c Mh0+% chlc nc<n *ccu + )cn *u h"4s hssgu*h 0slbs s/s*slc Ksulus: nu sc s)unc c+ h* 2s s*bss s0) shu /b*bc ch s+"4s <n2+3s4c.c )+sul hccs cs Dbh0nc% dcbh*ccc uncsh ch ch% h < dc )sbhs+% <s c dc"hDuns s+"& h2lc: hu h)clh lh M+*sh 4s M+*sh lh Ssus% hcchs h 2ssnd b*dsnch <n luc*h*ch ds/sn+. H.s% su2lc c% cu hccch4s dc.h0+gs*c 4s nu 0hs )u3sn+ cC)c*scn3+% d+ 2ugh <n c+u h*ch 0<ng<sc*ss cc*c4 s% c+cs s./b*ul lus hscs <4s h*c bb<*4sh% <n Hl h*% 4s )c l<ng+ 2h) ul c+ c ccl 0hs bun /sn% h*c 4s <nsu4s*ch dc h 2s )c*cn 4s% cu bh c c+ )h*c nbu% cs c /c4nsc. Lch)+d+ sh ss2hc3sslc chl)c hlc )+0<n ulus <nhsn c dc h c lc)+dh clc )c snc: sh sch0h c+ clc dss)h* c<nd <3s c lu0ch 0hs d*hg+% 4s nu0hs Du0nc.cu *+0<nc: clc nu sh u*+: nu0hs h*hnh hcchs h ds/sn+ <ndcs ulch.+. PUNCTUL 6 Tb dchunh 0slbs% sh* hcu0 4s bblsgh dc *ug+0sn ch Mhscss shlc% Db0nul <4s snhugu*ch.+ 4s*ul 0snunslb* du0nc.csc4 s% ch 4s )c ccl hl lchcu*slb* b0cnc4 s: )*c2hcc h)h <n /sn% hdsc+ su)+*+*slc )+0<n ulus <n 0<ng<sc*slc Cc*ulus: lscbh*ch h 2bs gcnc*bhs+% ch ss0bbl
((A
CUMSNCCTBRUL
hl hccs us Shc*h0cn Ds/sn 4s ch dh* hl uncs 0<sns h < dc gcnc*bhsc% c+cs dhnsslc lus Du0nc.cu hu 2bs <n b dchunh bnb*h c: <ncc) s+"& sh/u*c.c bh unss% bh hl3ss 4s s1"& )*bsl+/chsc+ unhns0% 2+*+ s+ sc )sh*d+ nscs b )sc+ u*+: b3s <l gus + 4s b3s sc 0snunch.+% *+0<n<nd ncs)us dc sh ss2+cu3s dc un bs)+3 cu .h3 h < dc bun. Cu0)+nc4 c cc hh <* 0ul 0hs 0s*hculbs lc 2hcc hs +.s Db0nul cclb* )b2 s3s lh 0hsh lus 4s cu c< <s c gus ul 0hs scu0): 0bhsc"3s bu.clc 4s /cs /cdch cu c< 0hs dcs2+ + b* c /snul hccs h cu ch*c c <0bsc h.s? hcclh h 2bs luc*h*ch h b )u c*nscscs shlc% hccs h h d*hgbs cs shlc ncs2<*4s c? hcblb% ch s+ bb3sn+ /snul hcclh. Db0nul 4s"h <n sns 0<nh cch )u c*nsc+% hscs 4s"h s2<4sh <ns+ )sc) ul: hcblb hu u0)lu 0hs <n <s hsd*sslc cu h)+% hscs *cbusc s+"3s u0)ls u )h ul cu lhc*s0s. Dhc+ 0s*chsh h )*c3us h < dc 0ul 2h) ul c+ Rcgclc h sn *bdus"b <n lhbb*h b*ul /snu*slb* shlc% ch*c s<n 0<ng<sc*slc ds/snc% cu c< 0hs 0ul *cbusc s+ 2ss u *ccunbsc+ b* hs +.s )cn *u hh <*ul dc h"3s 2s b2c*s s./bh*clc ncscch c hlc s<ngclus s+uO #cns3s% su2lc c )*chscu0)c% cu sc c 4s bc3s )<n+ /+ <0b+ h3s dsn d*hgbs ch du0nc.cshsc+% 4s s)unc 4s u b dh + cu s h*bs clc bs)+3ulus? >B% dc 0"h4 2s bucu*h 0hs dc 0ul dc 0hsh hcchs hQ B% dc"h4 2s 0c*s <nc+ dc lh <ncc)u ul /sc3ss 4s dc 0ul c b*s lh hccs P*chs2<n Shc*h0cn Q" PUNCTUL ( C2cc clc unus /sn h < dc cCcclcn hu 2bs h2cc clc )lsnc dc *ccunb4 sn3+ c+ *c Hu b*ul s+u. Dc <ndh + cc"hu h2lh dc )*bdsgsu. l"hu 4s 2+cu )ublsc: 0s*ss <ns+% /+.<ndu"sc )c c< dc snch)hbsls dc"h sc hchs h% )c"h < dc <ndh b*h3s dc hh <*% s"hu *+s)uns lus C*ss bs cu *c)c h c db/c.s dc *ccunb4 sn3+% sh* cclb*lhl3s cu h)lhu.c% 4s )c bun+ d*c) h c% c+cs un /sn h < dc hlcs% cc )*bducc c*sns nc)*sh+ns3s% h* *cbus s+ 2sc *<0bs3h )c )+0<n 4s"n Cc*. Dsn *c b3s. sn/cn h bh*ch )u*s +3ss h <n+l3h 0ul3u0s*slc <n nu0clc u u*b*h% )*cschs0b<nd *h.clc dc lh)sc )*chcu*h )c ch*c s lc d+dusc 2sulus s+u% <n scu0)c ch b*cn clb* h < dc )u*c )*s0s c hs +.s. Su2lc clb*% s0)lb*h3s"b )c Dbh0nh hcchs h s+ /+ hDu c s+ /+ hchs h3s dc hsc0cnch hh <*u*s ncbbs4nus c )*sn db/c.s dc *ccunb4 sn3+ c< 0hs )*b0) c% <n *uc< cclus 0hs 0h*c dsn *c )*bdsgss <n *u hh* 4s h2cc3sunc nu"s )b3s *+s)undc dcc< cu lhudc ncbbs4nus c. B% dhc+ 0ul3u0s*slc h* 2s )c 0+su*h hh*ulusQ C+cs dhc+ hcclh h 2bs .
)*s0ul sc0n hl lus C*ss bs% hccs h c )ccc ch db/c.slb* shlc dc h2cc3sunc 4s *su02ul d*hgbs cs lus.
MCDSTHSH 65 447

PUNCTUL & #cs 0cds h c< dc <ndu*c*h + sc /h 2s )b0cns hs +.s b hsc0cnch Mh0+ 2+*+ un hsc0cnch Ksu% )c c< dc nc0<ng<sh +% )c"h < dc <nssngu*h +: ssngu*+ h ch <ns+4s dublch.+ 01hns*ch% dcbh*ccc ls)sc4 c bc0hs ccl cc h* *cbus s+ 2sc 0<ng<sc*c )cn *u bh c cclclhl c )sc*dc*s: nu sc )bh c bdshns% c+cs 2+*+ Ssus nu cCss + ccn *u: nu hd0s c 0<ng<sc*c% c+cs nu hs cu cc <nlbcus hbscn3clc lus Du0nc.cu: sc .scc c+ bchss ch*c nu c /+d nu"3s s2+*<0+ sns0h: hscs <ns+ dh% bc0hs )cn *u c+ nu c /+dAA: s./bh*c"s s<n dc h)+ bchss% )cn *u c+ lc ls)sc4 c lu0snh lb*: scbh c sus)snu*s dusbhsc% hdc0cns*D c+ *c Du0nc.cul hbscn : 4 sc bsnc c< dc 0ul h )sc*du % d*c) ch*c"4s d+ h < h sslsn3+ ch s+"& chu c. Cu0)+nc4 c u% su2lc c hl 0cu% c+ dhc+ nu0hs )sc*dc*ch dsn bchs h lus Ssus <s )*scsnusc4 c Mhscss shlc b hsc0cnch 0<hns*c% cc du*c*c h* 2s bh*c )c 0+su*h )sc*dc*ss lus dsn hh*O s dhc+ nc2c*scs*ch nu 3s"h* 2s h < dc 0h*c% )l<ngc 2h) ul c+ h )lcch dc l<ng+ snc dsn )*scsnh nc)sb4cnscs: du" c nu0hsdcc< s+"& chu3s cu h*s)s dc db*u*s% s *sg+"& cu sus)snu*s% )l+ c4 c 0+ch* cu b lhc*s0+ g+ss*ch sh% 4s dhc+ Kccsbh*h n"h 0<nch 4s n"h db*0s )<n+ c<hd nu &"h g+ss % u 0+n<nc+"& c<nd <l g+sc4 s 4s db*0s <n cbn c0)lh*c s2<n +. PUNCTUL 7 Plchc+ Kccsbh*h <n c+u h*ch Ksulus s+u Du0nc.cu% )c c< dc subs % )c"h < dc db*s : nu"& chu + ch 0s*chsh <n )h ul bdshncs shlc% cs"n 0sDlbcul s0s*ncs dsn <s: u* u*sch"nssngu*h + )b*nc4 c <n c+u h*ch cb0b*ss shlc hbscn c% glhsul s s"h hu.s )c )+0<n ul nbs *u% c+cs h sbss /*c0ch ss)+4s*ss? u0bl+ bch+snd 0sclu4chuh cch nc)*sh+ns + 4s
A6 &&
((8 CUMSNCCTBRUL
<n *chb+ dc Msclul lus Du0nc.cu% )c ch*c 4s hl +dh + /bssc s+"& <nghs + S*bd% lu)ul s<ngc*bs: <n *chb+ )*sn *c *udc 4s cunbscu3s% c+cs s"h* cu/cns ch cs s+"s 4 sc u*0h: d+ 2ugh lh c0)lu 4s ns0c*c4 c% c+cs un Ksu bun c cu ssgu*hn3+ dc g+ss <n chsh bunulus s+u Th +. <n/h3+% su2lc c% hcchs + dsscs)lsn+ 4s 0bdul dc h"& g+ss )c Du0nc.cu: nu /cs dh dc cl <n /hch*0ul s *+.slb* 4s <nc+ 0hs )u3sn <n h+*0+lhsh )sc3clb*% nu )*sn *c )*sc cns shu *udc lu0c4 s% cs <n c0)lu% ch*c c b chs+ dc *ug+csunc: 2sc"3s bssc*sch ccn *u% chu +"& <n hbc*nhcblc% c+cs hcblb"& 3snc <n c0ns3h subs*ch: )l+ c4 c cu lhc*s0s bucu*sslc 4s cu su2c*sn3c 0<ng<sc*slc: chch0+"& cu sus)s"nu*s 4s dbb<nds"/cs hh*u*slc shlc. PUNCTUL 6 Kccsbh*h sn *+"n c0)lu 4s dcscb)c*+ <n 0sDlbcul <n/+3+ b*slb* <n3clc)csunch Th +lus: 0ul3u0s*ch s"h 2bs *+scu0)+*h*c h du*c*ss. P*ch2c*scs3s ccs cc )Kng% c+cs cs s<n h < dc 0<ng<sh3s h)bsQ Sbh*clc *+s+*s h usch lhc*s0slc hu*b*cs: s"h <nscnsnh )b b)ul dc )l<ns lh h)h*s3sh cu*cubculus )+css% c+cs 0h*c c bucu*sh g+ss*ss lus Du0nc.cu )cn *u csnc"& db*c4 c <n s0) cc"& cunbh4 c. Cu cc <0b*+3s4+*s <l /h 2s cb)lc4s % cu0 <l /h 2s s *<ns lh s<n% .sc<nd cu 0s*chsh? >Pc*sns3+ dc 0s* h 2bs subs ul 0cu% c<nd s"h )sc*du ? hcu0% g+ss % c buchc3cl dc 2lb*s% <n *c s<nss 0cs b s+ *+0<n+." T*cs .slc s"hu *cbus ch s+"& g+schsc+ 4s"n s0)ul lb* *cs 0ss dc sus)snu*s% lhc*s0s 4s s *+dhnss% *ug+csuns 4s du*c*s% ch s+ )*c3ushsc+ 4s 0hs 0ul cb0bh*h g+ss +. Sh h0sn c% su2lc c% c+ )c snc nu c cbs + h < h g+ss*ch Db0nulus hccs ush% dcbh*ccc b*sc<nd /*cs% <l hs <n Hl h*: /c.s c< dc lh <n"dc0<n+ 4s h)*bh)c dc gu*+ c% dh* n"h4 /*ch ch <ns+4s u4u*sn3h hs h dc h"& g+ss s+"3s 2sc )*slcD dc"h nu"& )*c3us% nu 0hs .sc dc"h"& )sc*dc: )*s0c4 c"l h.s cu hcclch4s ss03+0sn c 4s dusb4ss hlc P*chs2sn cs Mhscss shlc: )unc"3s bu.clc )ccc c )c d<nsul% c+cs nu 3s sc"ng+dusc dbh* s+"& hdb*s% cs *cbusc s+"& 4s 0+n<ncs: nu dbh* s+"& <0b*+3s4c.s% cs s+"& 4s <nghs3s: )+s *ch.+"& <n )sc) ul +u 4s <nchsdc"& <n cl: *c)c + cu 0s*chsh? >Buchc3cl dc 0s* cs c subs ul 0cu )cn *u 0snc% <n *c s<nss 0cs b s+ *+0<n+% unul 2ssnd sn clcc ul% hl ul /bsn3h% unul cbn c0)l<ndu"& 4s hl ul <n2l+c+*<ndu"sc." PUNCTUL ( Tb dchunh Kccsbh*h M+*sh h 2bs )c c< dc *ccunbsc+ bh*c% )c"h < dc 2c*0cc+ bh*c? /h 2s <n+l3h lus Du0nc.cu c<n h*c nbu+
MCDSTHSH 68 (('
)cn *u c+ s"& d+dusc <nc+ b dh + <nh)bs )c subs ul cs Ssus: h /cns )u* h + )c h*s)slc uncs sns0s subs bh*c% sc /h 2s <n b*s <n *s 0ul unus g< lcD *ccunbsc+ b*% )*bsl+/snd 0slbs cnsslc Db0nulus: sc /h 2s bucu*h cu <ngc*ss dc 2c*scs + cc c*h% 2ssndc+ *cg+sssc hh*ul hh*u*slb* 4s s./b*ul h bh c. Cu0 4s"& /h 0hs 2s )+.s du)+ hccch )c P*uncul Du0nc.cu% nc0hs)sc*.<ndu"& /*cbdh + dsn bchs% )*c<n" <0)s*s<hd cu db/c.s dc *ccunb4 sn3+ *sscu*slc dc h"& )sc*dc sh*+4sQ B% su2lc c hl 0cu% u ch*c l"hs g+ss h.s <n Hl h* )c <nsu4s Db0nul hccs h% hsss h dc
su2lc c cu*h c cu <ngc*s )*sn *c clc% <ncbnDu*h dc hc*u/s0s <n3clc)3s <n lbc dc <n/+3+ b*s: u ch*c c h2ls cu P*uncul Du0nc.cu <n )sc) ul +u% cc c<n h*c h* *cbus s+ <nhl3sO Cc 0ul3u0s*s s"hducsO Cunbhsc+"sc du)+ *ccunb4 sn3h h )*c3us*ch g+ss*ss: nu 2s nc*ccunbsc+ b*% dhc+ nu /*cs s+ 2ss nc2c*scs : /c.s s+ nu"& )sc*.s <nc+ b dh + 4s )bh c chsh* )cn *u b dchunh: )+s *ch.+"& <n sns0+% c+cs c ssngu*ul +u bdb*: /c.s s+ nu lc dcschs.s )+ch clb* u4h% c+ 3s"& /b* 2u*h.
PUNCTUL & /ugc + cu0 sc *c *hgc C*ss bs% c.hu*ul nbs *u% dsn .h*/h lu0ss s)*c h sc cbnshc*h Th +lus s+u cclus #c4nsc: )bs c4 c )h *u.ccs dc .slc% <n/+3<ndu"nc cu0 s+ nc <n2*+3s0 ch.nh cu *ugh% cclc dbu+ h*s)s cu hDu b*ul c+*b*h .bu*+0 <n <0)+*+3sh lus Du0nc.cu: dc cc ducc ls)s+ *u)ul dc h*hn+% )c"h < h sc sh u*+ duhul cu 0<ng<sc*s du0nc.csc4 s. Dh* cc bun+ )*cg+ s*c% cu *ug+csunc 4s cu )bs % cu )us sc 4s cc*% cu hs)*s0c 4s cbn c0)lh*c% ch s+ 0c*s c bs)+3ul )c ch*c s"& *s0s c h +l ccl #c4nscQ <ngc*ss <l hduc hcclb*h ch*c *+scsc ch <ngc*ss% <n/h3+% su2lc c% ccch cc <n/+3+ b*ul +u Ds/sn% s+/<*4snd% c <n/h3+: c nc/bsc s+ c )*cg+ c4 s cu hcchs + )*b/s.sc dc /s* u3s% ch s+ c h4c.s lh 0hsh dcs2+ +*slb* hlc: 2ugs dc bh0cns% ch s+ c )*b cDc.c <ngc*ss: cbn/c*sch.+ cu Cc*ul% dc /*c0c cc cu )<snc dc hcblb c nu *c4 s: ls)sc4 c" c dc buch clc )+0<n c4 s% 4s hs 2cl c /cs
LB2. Mh cs% (% &"&&.
(B9
(B&
<n2*u) h 0hs 0ul dsn h*hnh cc*chsc+. Scbh c dc"hscs b 0h*c d*hgbs c dc s.blh*c% dc *ug+csunc% dc )bc+sn3+% dc /sh3+ hs)*+% 4s c /cs bucu*h cu dclscss dc bhnchc ul du0nc.cscsc. PUNCTUL 7 Nu dbh* )bs ul dc h < ch .slc h )*cccdh <ns+ bs)+3ul Cc*ulus% cs 2h) ul dc h 2s bb3snu *cs /sc b*ss s *+lucs c hsu)*h cclb* 0hs 0h*s *cs du40hns% <n/+3<ndu"nc s+ <n/sngc0 <nhsn c dc h nc cu0sncch: /sc b*sh )*c0ch*g+ *su02ulus% *+0<n+ bs*us + ch*nch <n 0<nc+*u*slc% lu0ch <n bbg+3sslc 4s dsh/blul <n *u2sslc lb*: bh + /sh3h nbhs *+ s+ *su02c hsu)*h )l+cc*ss% sn c*csulus 4s *u2scs. Db0nul n"h hccc) h bs)+3ul chl) hl dsh/blulus% d*c) ch*c &"h dbb<nds )c"hcclh sc*/s dc c+ *c <ngc*s: hcclh <s b2c*ch )sc *c d*c) )<snc% sh* hcc4 sh <s b2c*+ )<snc d*c) )sc *c. hd+ lh 0hsh Rcgclus csnc h <n/sns *cgsA8. Cbnssdc*+" c hs +.s sn/s h <n )us sh lu0ss hccs csh lh )<snch Cc*ulus: h/<nd h c h4c.h lh 0hsh Rcgclus% /c.s dhc+ hs <n/sns *cgs% /scsslc cc db0nchu hsu)*h h: nu 0hs /cns cu 2sh*c dc *bb lh 0hsh lsbc* +3ss <n sns+ dc c+ *c Ksul lus Du0nc.cu. Csnc *cbusc s+ 0+n<ncc cu Du0nc.cu 4s )c Du0nc.cu <nsu4s s+ nu /sn+ s+ ul dc buch clc lu0ss% c+cs nu /cs gus h )<snch <ngc*slb* dhc+ /ss ghs2 us cu )sc *clc Sh hncs. PUNCTUL 6 Ksul lus Du0nc.cu h ss03s 2bh0c ch un b0% dh* Th +l C c*n% ch*c )*b2c ulus s+u s"h *s0ss )<snc )*sn *"un cb*bA'% h.s <s *s0s c Ksulus s+u 0ul subs h*hn+ )*sn sluDs b*ss s+s h*s)h3s: cc 0<nch*c h 2bs % nu sc s)unc% *+0<n+ s+ 0cds c.s u: ssgu* c c+ nu /h 2s ls)ss )<snch% dc /*c0c cc <ngc*ss c*hu hcblb% 4s c+% h/<nd un Ksu <n2b0c h 4s h < dc subs % Th +l Ds/sn <l /h 2s <n *ccu cu 0ul )c ccl hl 2sulus *sss)s b*. B*sc< h* 2s 2bs <ns+ dc sh/u*bhs+ 0<nch*ch <ngc*slb*% nu su2c*+ cb0)h*h3sc cu cch )c ch*c h.s 3s"b b2c*+ 3sc <nsu4s S +)<nul lb*: lus <s c4 s bhs)c c 4s Cl <nsu4s 3s sc d+ )c ssnc ch h*hn+. Cu0)+nc4 c cu cc bucu*sc c"hs h4c.h hl+ u*s dc Db0nul <n )us sc% cu cc )l+cc*c hs 0<nch dsn )<snch hccch /cns + dsn Cc*: cs
A8
bsnc% <n c3c4 c"3s c*cdsn3h 4s <n3clcgc c+ hscs <l hs )c Db0nul <nsu4s% cu Cl 0+n<ncs 4s )c Cl <l 0+n<ncs% Cl c dcb)b *s/+ ccl cc c )b2 c4 c lh bs)+3 4s bs)+3ul <nsu4s. B% dc l"hs 0<nch lh 2cl dc <n2b0c h cu0 c Db0nul dc sns0h hQ #c.s c+ s<n buch c hlcsc dsn Cc*: 0+n<nc+"lc cu )b2 h dc" hcblb% 0+n<nc+ hsc0cns unus <ngc*% dc /*c0c cc <ngc*ss c sc*/csc 4s c )s.0uscsc. S"h hdus Db0nul 0ul3u0s*slc unus 2su cclus cc s sc h*+ hsc Th + h < dc bun% /c4nsc ch unush /c4nsc 4s dc)lsnc ch unush h < dc gcnc*bs: <4s /h 2s <n+l3h bchss% ch 4s <n hl c dh3s% lh Cc* 4s% 0s"Dsndu"4s"s )c ccs hs su2lc ulus% 4s"s /h 2s h3sn s hsu)*h 0<snslb* dh*nscc hlc Th +lus s+u: )*bsl+/snd /*c*ch cu
)u c*ch% sn clcc ul <4s /h 2s *ccunbscu )*c3us*s 4s /bsn3h /h 2s c0hnh h2cc c nccu*0h c. #h 2s <n+l3h s0nu*s )c ch*c lc /b* 2s *cluh cb*u*slc <ngc*c4 s% 2blbssndu"4s bh c )u c*slc 4s 2hcul +3slc ch s+"4s /+dchsc+ *ccunb4 sn3h )cn *u bsnclc dsn *u ch*c b3s sc <0)+* +4ssc*+. S0s +"&% b% su2lc c hl 0cu% )c Db0nul hccs h% <n hducc*ch 0ul3u0s*slb*% sh* )cn *u hh <*u*slc )*s0s c h*h +"3s *ccunb4 sn3h Th +lus cclus #c4nsc )cn *u c+ c"h *h h ch )c un 2su. Cc"s dc 0s*h*c s+ *+sunc c<n +*s dc lhud+ <n gu*h cclus c+*ush Cu/<n ul C c*n s"h 2bs h*hn+O Slbbbhd+"3s sns0h un cu/<n bun59 4s
59
sl!!!hd3ks... un cu *nt !un6 <n cC % >Rcgsscldc u cb*h.bn unh bucnh )hlhb*h"% dc lh rc#!ldhr >h *<g<s"% cCc0)lu s)sc dc 0c h2b*s.h*c h unus *cgss *u lcCschl /ulgh* )*sn *"b 2sgu*+ b*u hl+ dc *ccu)c*h*c <n s)s*s h 2s.sblbgsculus dc*s.b*su. Tc*0cnul 2blbss dc G*hcs1n h/ch 4s )c /*c0ch lus% ch 4s cb*cs)bndcn ul *b01ncsc% hccch4s sc0ns2sch3sc 4bchn +? >Csb sc scnc )b* dcscb* cssh ! /sllhnsh% cs)ccshl0cn c cuhndb sc hh.c dclhn c dc )c*sbnhs hbnb*s2schs" ;>Cs c cbnssdc*h d*c) s0)bls c3c 4s 0bDscsc% 0hs cu sch0+ c<nd c cb0ss dc 2h3+ cu )c*sbhnc bnb*hbslc"% Cb/h**ubshs% Tcs!T!). T*hducc*ch nbhs *+ c cu2c0s.hn +% dc4s h0 2bs cn h3s )<n+ <n ul s0h cls)+ s+ 2blbss0% ch 4s G*hcs1n% /c*bul >h *<g<s". Hu b*ul 2blbsc4 c un cC bsblsc ;Ps.% (B((% 7E? >C*uc h/s cb* 0cu0 /c*bu0 bbnu0": lh . cruct! <nsc0nh >h /+*sh )c gu*+% h /b0h% h s.bucns% h sc *c/+*sh"% scnsul 2s.sblbgsc 4 ssn3s2sc 2ssnd dc./bl h hbsh <n ls0bslc *b0hnscc. TcC ul dsn Ps., *cdh h cnuh <n /c*ssunslc 0bdc*nc hlc Bs!lscs, h 2bs *hdus dc G*hcs1n <n 0bd dclsbc*h )*sn /h*shn h 4bchn 2s.sblbgsc+. Kblbss*ch unus hsc0cnch cu/<n sc <nsc*sc <ns+ lbgsc <n cbn cC ul 0c h2b*s.hn cb0)lcC hl s2c*cs 0<nch ulus% sncluss/ 2h.clc dc dcglu s3sc 4s dsgcs sc% cscn3shl dhc+ h/c0 <n /cdc*c cscn3h > cb2hgsc+" h cuhh*ss scs% cbn cC cC)lbh h )<n+ lh ch)+ dc c+ *c G*hcs1n. Un bs)+3 cb)sbs )*bducc c2cc c 2s.sblbgscc s)ccs2scc snc/s hbslc% )c ch*c nscs b 2hls+ )udbh*c nu lc )bh c ncgh. Ks.sblbgscul )bh c 2s <ns+ >0<n us " <n 0c h2s.sc. Ss0)lh c*uc h3sc nch* sculh + *cbusc <nlbcus + dc un >cu/<n bun" $!ucnh phlh!rh), cu/<n ul% h* sculh3sh lbgb c sc+ s *uc u*ch.+ hns0hlscul h0b*2% c*uc h3sh c sh ss2hc3sc b*u +% 0ul3u0s*ch cC)*s0h + )*sn cu/<n c *hns)unc*c <n s)s*s : >cu/<n ul bun" nc ducc cu g<ndul lh >/cs ch cch bun+" $c hn#hclsc lh c hn#ctsu" g*. cuh##cls!n). Cnhlhg+% *hns2c* 0c bns0sc% hn s2*h.+ ls b sc+ c c% )*bccdcul lus G*hcs1n sc <nsc*sc 4s <n *"b cunbscu + *hds3sc dc nh u*hlss0 sbc*sc% h cs h + h < <n )sc u*+% c< 4s <n ls c*h u*+.
(B7
C!MSNCC70BR!#

PUNCTUL & lh sch0h cu0 scs ccs u0sls ch s+"& <n <0)snc )c u0slul Ssus: s+*hcss )c s+*hc: cb)sss )c ccl 0sc 4s ccs bl<n.s )c 0scl. Scs cu *h0u*s dc 0+slsn )*c.sc<nd )hcch 4s cu *h0u*s dc 2snsc bs*usn3h. Nu scs bbgh3ss )b)*s3s cu 2sh*c dc hu*: nscs *u2h4ss% ch*c"& hdb*+ )c sdblul dc4c* +csunss lb*: nscs <0busbh3ss% hl c+*b* .cu c )<n" ccul: hs 2cl <nc< u0slss s<n ccs cc )bh* + 2snscul 4s chsh* Cc*ul? <n snd 0hn sslc )c )+0<n ch s+ *chc+ Db0nul% c+cs <ndcbb4 c 0hs 0ul dhu lus Du0nc.cu )*sn s+*hc ccs cc hu 0hs )u3sn% sh* lu0ss ccs cc hu 0hs 0ul . <4s cb)lc4c4 c Db0nul lhudh cu glhsul cb)sslb*% ch*c% cu lh) clc )c bu.c% s)un hdc/+*ul% b3s 2bh* c dc)h* c dc lsngu4s*c: h4h <nc< b *su02ul hccs h hl lus C*ss bs c hlc+ us dsn u0slsn3+% s+*+csc% nc/snb/+3sc% chndbh*c 4s hdc/+*. B% u% su2lc c% ch*c *cbusc s+"& )*s0c4 s )c <nsu4s Db0nul <n )sc) ul +u% /c.s s"b 2hcs cu *su02 dc /s* u3sQ C+cs nu c s h*c 0hs )b *s/s + dcc< u0slsn3h H)bs blslb*% ss0)ls h ch uncs 0ul3s0s% bl<ndc3ch unus hns0hl% nc/snb/+3sh unb* cb)ss% s+*+csh unb* )csch*s% cu ss0)ls h ch unus Du0nc.cu <nb0cns . PUNCTUL 7 >Csnc"s hccs h cc /snc cu hlhs h < dc .gb0b bsO"% <n *chb+ *u2h4ss% sh* u0slss% cs% ch*c"& cunbsc 0hs bsnc% *+s)und? >Hccs h c Ssus dsn Nh.h*c ." H* *+s)undc dcs ul dhc+ h* s)unc 0<n us b* 4s
5&
MCDS0HDSH 3;
(B6
<n2lb*s . R+s)und+ <ns+ P*b2c ul Rcgcsc 4s .sc+? >Hccs h ch*c /snc 4c.<nd )c un 0+g+*u4 cs c ccl *sdsch <n slh/+ )c h*s)slc hc*u/s0slb*." R+s)und+ 0s*chsh? >Hccs h% hlb cu nc/snb/+3sh lus 4s *u0cn cu subs*ch lus% cs c hlcsul dsn *c .ccs dc 0ss." Zsc+ Ph/cl? >Hccs h )c ch*c"& )*bsl+/csc )b)bh*clc cs c ccl hdb*h dc c+ *c cc clc <ngc*c4 s." #b*bchsc+ Sshsh? >Hccs h ch*c u0bl+ <ncbnDu*h dc cb)ss cs c Du0nc.cul B4 s*slb*." Dh*% b% u% su2lc c% <n *chb+? >Csnc bh*c c Db0nul hccs h ch*c h.s sn *+ <n hd<ncul )sc) ulus 0cu% *su02<nd hsu)*h sns0ss 0clcO" Hscul + cu0 <3s *+s)undc c*cdsn3h? >Ccl cc /snc <nchss <n *"b Bs sc c Du0nc.cul u*sh4 ch*c nu <ssch)c"n uns/c*s: ccl cc /snc sub /+lul hccsdcn clb* cs c bglsndh <n ch*c sc )*s/c4 c Th +l: ccl )c ch*c"& hdb*+ 2hcul +3slc hlc cs c ccl )c ch*c"& subcsc sc*h*hsslc h*s)h c." Dhc+
)b)bh*clc <l )*bsl+/csc h4h 2+*+ s+"& cunbhsc+% dhc+"& hclh0+ )*uncss% u% ch*c"& cunb4 s% cu cc 2hs sc chdc bh*c s+"& )*s0c4 sO Cu c< + s *+lucs*c s+"& h4c.s )c *bnul sns0ss hlcO PUNCTUL 6 Zgudushsc+"sc cc h ch bh +% unss hd0s*<nd *su02ul 4s hl3ss )*+.nusndu"&: .gudushsc+"3s"sc l+un *ul% sn clcc ul hd0s*c 4s /bsn3h h*d+: u0)lc"3s"sc sns0h dc bucu*sc 4s *+*unchss dc dusb4sc: scbh + s *sg+*s ls0bh 4s h)lhudc 0<snslc: dhc+ hcblb"s h*unch c 0hn sslc )c )+0<n % <n snsc 2sc hscs b+sc*slc sns0ss: hccsh 2lu u*+ *h0u*s dc 2snsc <n cununs% <nhl3+ u *h0u*slc dc 2snsc bs*us bh*c hlc )h s0slb* hlc <n2*<n c% *h0u*s hlc )+css l+un *scc: )*uncss 2*hgc.s )+*+schsc+ s<nss 0h0clb* 4s% cu ls0bs b<sgus bh*c% )*+.nushsc+"& )c C*ch b*ul lb*: lch)+d+ u s<nss 0c4 c*cs hlc 3+*<nh 4s 2blbsc4 c"3s bu.clc ch s+ c<n3s% .sc<nd? >Bsnccu/<n h 2ss% Rcgc 4s Db0n hl 0cu% ch*c /ss *su02<nd <n nu0clc Db0nulus: 2ss lh 2cl dc bsnc /cns <n *+*unchss 0cs% )c c< c4 s dc db*s <n sns0h 0ch: *su02+ hsu)*h su2lc ulus 0cu 4s u u*b* 2hcul +3slb* shlc% cbnshc*<ndu"lc 4s 0hs 0ul dc h.s <nhsn c h)lhud+*ss 4s sluDs*ss hlc." PUNCTUL ( Dh*% /hs% C*ss bs% du)+ cc"h 2bs h < dc hclh0h dc b3s% n"h 2bs dc ns0cns )*s0s . Nu s"h g+ss ns0cns ch*c s+"s b2c*c 0+ch* un unghc* <n chsh lus% 0+ch* b <0buc+ u*+ lh 0hsh lus: bh c h)lhu.clc s"hu *cdus lh /b*bc% n"hu *ccu lh 2h) c. Ccs cc l"hu <ncbnDu*h lh *su02 l"hu hbhndbnh lh nc/bsc: n"h 0hs h)+*u nscs un cb)sl% c+cs h4h dss)h*% <n *"b cls)s +% hh <*u*slc b0cnc4 s. Ssngu* c Db0nul <n chsh Th +lus% ch*c c )u*u*s dcschss+ 2sslb* s+s. B% cc bun )*slcD% su2lc c hl 0cu% ch s+ c h)*b)ss u 4s s+"s b2c*s s+lh4ul +u s+*0hnQ L"hs <n <0)snh cu h)lhu.c: 2ss s h b*nsc <ndh b*s b* cu cl% b2c*+"s chsh h% c+cs% ch Rcgc h < dc 0h*c% /h hducc cl 0<nch*ch 4s c /h h4c.h hl+ u*s dc cl 4s"n lbcul lh) clus dc )*unc lh ch*c"hs *cnun3h % <3s /h <n sndc /snul b+*bh3slb* )u c*nscs: gu*h cc s"h <nchss dcs2+ +*slb* )*b2hnc% dcschsd+"sc lhudclb* ds/snc: ls0bh cc"& 0+*s<nc+ u*0c.c s+"& )*ch0+*chsc+ 4s d*ch) h *ccunb4 sn3+ 2sc )c 0+su*h )l+cc*ss: nu 2s u dsn *c hccsh ch*c h.s <l <n <0)sn+ <n *su02 4s 0<snslc"& duc s+"& *+s sgnchsc+.
57
MCDS0HDSH <1
(BB
*sh <ngc*slb*. <n/h3+" c 0sn c dc"hcu0 <ncblb 4s s<*gusc4 c s+ /ss nu ch Sudh% )c*2sd% cs ch Sbhn% )*c3us b* hl hh <*u*slb* ds/snc% dbb<ndsnd 2c*scs*s 4s bucu*<ndu" c dc *+s)l+ s*s. PUNCTUL 7 Sudh h sc4s )c u4+ du)+ cc &"h <nchss )c Msclul lus Du0nc.cu <n *+*unchss s+s nc0slb4s: d+ un cc* )c un shd: nu sc bdshnc4 c ch Sbhn% )cn *u c+"n /sns nu"s bdshn+. Dc/cns % h4hdh*% dsn uccnsc *+s2+3h hl Db0nulus% c+)c cnsc h du40hnslb* hccs ush% )lchc+ dsn *c ccs 0hs buns )*sc cns 4s sc ducc lh nc)*sc cns: lh hsc0cnch cC *c0c hDungc csnc chdc dsn *"un 0h*c lbc <nhl . >Cc /*c3s s+"0s dh3s )cn *u b0ul hcclh = lc s)unc cl =% c+cs )c )u3sn /s"& /<ndO" s"s /b* 2s *+s)uns du40hnss? >Pcn *u c< 2hcc cl% lh b*scc )*c3 c scu0)." Cu0)+nc4 c hcu0 dss)*c3ul dc ncc*c.u )c ch*c"& nu *csc )+c+ b4ss 2h3+ dc Du0nc.cu: c< dc )u3sn )*c3uscsc cs bc0hs cc /hlb*ch.+ ccl 0hs 0ul : )*c2c*+ b dcs2+ h*c Dbsnsc+% un Bh*hbh <nsc0n<nd b u4s 0ul % 4s hs h sc"n <0)l+ .slnsc. <nchs)usc4 c"3s u% su2lc c% c+ c h)*b)ss dc Sudh 4s"s s)us?
>#sndc"0s"l 0sc% /<n.+ b*ulc% c+ 3s"& /bs )l+ s cu su2lc ul 4s cu /sh3h% <3s /bs dh bh c c< c s<n 4s b cc s<n cu% )cn *u c+ c Du0nc.cul 0cu 4s bh c cclc hlc 0clc% 4s cu unul 4 su c< 2hcc 4s c< <0s c dc *cbusncsbs." Cu0)+*+"&% su2lc c% lh b*scc )*c3% 4s 0+n<nc+"& ch )c b )<snc dc cu0)+*h % c+ c 0hs gus bhs+% b*s dc 2u*h % c+ c 0hs dulcc% cs s hs% nu *cbusc s+"& cu0)c*s% 2ssndc+ 3s sc d+ g*h ss. #cns3s 4s cu0)+*h3s 2+*+ h*gsn3s 0<nch*ch cc n"h*c )*c3: dh* sh sch0h s+ n"b /sn.s cu0/h <n schs0bul )l+cc*slb*% 4s nu c <n bh*cc lh /+*s+ u*h )+ch clb* hlc. PUNCTUL 6 Cb0)h*+ hcu0 bun+ h ch sn2sns + h M<n us b*ulus cu cch 0hs 0h*c nclcgsus*c h lus Sudh% 0+*sns0sh sh cu sng*h s udsnch% bl<n"dc3ch cu s+lb+ scsh. Sudh /snc <n g*+dsnh c<nd/h dc 2lb*s% hcu0 dc s)sns% hDuns c+)c cnsc h c+l+slb*% 4s )*sn *c *+s% ccl 0hs *+u: sc h)*b)sc dc C*ss bs cu *u)ul% dh* sc dc)+* ch.+ dc cl b 0hs 0ul cu duhul 4s% <n *u b ul nc*u4snh % )ccc lusc4 c chs)ul ds/sn cu bu.clc"s 0u*dh*c. B% *+u 2blbss bb*h.% )c ch*c <nDcsc <ngc*ss s+"& )*s/chsc+Q Nu"4s 2c*c4 c 2h3h dc cl csnc s"h 4s dh "b dc 0<nch*c: nu
MCDS0HDSH <1
(B5

PUNCTUL & /ugc + cu0 C*ss bs Db0nul nbs *u% <n nbh) ch dc ncus h dsnhsn ch 0b*3ss shlc% g*sDulsu s+ *+0<n+ cu bh0cnss 4s db*nsc s+ )c*)c uc.c h0sn s*ch Ph s0slb* shlc% h g+ss 0sDlbcul dc h"4s 0ul3u0s 4s 0c0b*sh% 4s h2cc3sunch: 4s"h <n/c4nscs % h4hdh*% d*hgbs ch 4s du*c*ch <n hccs 0snunh Shc*h0cn % ch*c s+"s 2sc ccn *u hl subs*ss 4s 0c0b*shl hl Ph s0slb*. Lc cc*c% dh*% u u*b* cclb* ch*c"& )*s0csc s+ *c<nnbshsc+ h0sn s*ch subs*ss shlc )cn *u nbs 4s"n hcclh4s s0) )c cch h )+ s0s*ss shlc. #snb% dh*% u% ch*c *cbusc s+ c cu0snccs% 4s )*s0c4 c"&. <n *c db/c.s dc h2cc3sunc 4s du*c*s% )c Db0nul 4s Du0nc.cul +u <0)+* +4s : sh/u*ch.+"& d*cs <n chsnu*slc shlc )cn *u cch 0hs hlchs+ dcs2+ h*c h h% )*chdulcc <n h0+*+csuns% ccl 0hs sh/u*bs <n su2c*sn3c 4s cu c< 0hs <nDbss )cn *u snc% cu h < 0hs subs dc snc. Cbn c0)l+" & <n *"unus dsn c)ssbhdclc S2sn clb* shlc Ph s0s 4s )*s0c4 c"& c<nd ud<nd g*+dsnh cu s<ngclc% 4s su2lc ul +u cu hh*ul lus? c<nd )*sns% lcgh cu 2*<nghsslc c*udc hlc u*ss% )c lcg+ u*slc s *<nsc hlc subs*ss: c<nd ch 2lbh*c dc c<0) b2sls +% cu chs)u"s du0nc.cscsc <n*b4s dc )hl0c% )cn *u ch *hndh2s*ss bb*hDslb* s+"s *bnc.c hl+ u*s dc s)snss dc )c ch). Cbn c0)l+"& uncb*s lcgh dc un s <l)% hDuns un n!n plus ultrh hl d*hgbs cs 4s hl su2c*sn3cs% hl cb*s cu *u)ul s2<* cch dc bscc 4s *c/+*s<nd un hdc/+*h )b b) dc s<ngc sub 2u* unh ncc*u3+ bh*c h )+ch clb* hlc: c<nd huls dc bh0cns% cl% ccl db*s dc <ngc*s% hcb)c*s dc scus)+ u*s sc<*bbhsc% cl% bglsndh cch 2+*+ dc )h +% <n ch*c sc )*s/c4 c cu 0ul3u0s*c Th +l s+u ccl #c4nsc: c<nd )c u0c*s cu lc0nul c*ucss% duc<nd hsc0cnch lus Sshhc lc0nul )cn *u Dc* 2+: <n s2<*4s % *sdsch )c b c*ucc% cu b*h3clc )u*u*ch dcschssc )cn *u sc* h*c 4s )s*bns c )cn *u )cdch)s+: cu )scsbh*clc <n3c)cns c ch s+ c h4 c) c ncclsn s 4s <nclsn<nd ch)ul )cn *u ch nccbn cns s+ c chc0c. Hs 2cl% c<nd c /cs cu0sncch% /cs 2hcc b dusbhs+ )b0cns*c h P+ s0s*ss shlc cu0)ls c )*sn cb0)+ s0s*ch h cch subs bh*c.
56
CUMSNCCTBRUL
PUNCTUL 7 <n c3c4 c"3s% h4hdh*% c*cdsn3h 4s <nhl3+"3s cbn c0)lh*ch% c+cs hcclh4s Du0nc.cu 4s Db0n% <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h ccl cc su2c*ch hcblb <n c)ssbdul hsu)*h c+*ush 0cds c.s% Cl <nsu4s <n )c*sbhn+ cs c hscs <n Shc*h0cn ul )c ch*c"& )*s0c4 s: )c hcclh4s Ssus% cb0bh*h h% ccl dc )c Gblgb h% <l 2c*ccs <n )sc) ul +u. Cugc +% h4hdh*% dhc+ c /cs 2s h2l<nd )*c.cn hcblb cu c*cdsn3h )c ch*c"b hs hcu0% cu cbn4 ssn3h )c ch*c"b dbb<ndc4 s% <n <0)*cDu*h*ch hsu)*h c+*csh 0cds c.s% <n c)ssbdul )c ch*c"& cbn c0)ls% cu cc subs*c c /cs h)*b)sh dc Db0nul +u% 2sc 4s c*bsndu"3s d*u0 )*sn *c c+l+ss ncb0cnb4sQ Cu c< + dusb4sc <s /cs /b*bsQ Cc /b*bc"s /cs s)uncQ Cu0 <l /cs <0b*+3s4hQ Cu0 <l /cs cb0)+ s0s )cn *u b cc"h su2c*s Cl% 4s <nc+ dc d*hgul +uQ <l /cs b)lb4s lh s<nul +u 4s"& /cs luh cu snc% 2c*sndu"& dc s+lb+ scsh chsnu*slb* 4s <nc*cdsn3<ndu"& bdshncs dsn *+*unchss +s. B% su2lc c% dc /*c0c cc 4 ss% h4h cu0 c*c.s% c+ Db0nul hccs h c b unul cu hcclh% 2+ hscs hcclh4s luc*u )c ch*c l"hs 2hcc hcblb? /c.s c+ <nc+ hDungs lh s0). C<nd c cu0snccs% <nchs)usc4 c"3s c+ hDungs <n G*+dsn+ 4s c+"& 4 c*gs dc <0bcl4ugh h sudbh*c <ns<ngc*h + cu b+sc*slc sns0ss hlc% c+ c h)*b)ss dc s2<l) 4s"& dc.lcgs ch s+"& <nl+n3us cu b*h3clc hlc 4s s+"s <ng*sDc4 s *+nslc% )un<nd )c 2scch*c dsn *c clc c< c b 2*<n u*+ dsn sns0h h: sh sch0h c+"& s *<ngs lh s<n h4h <ncununh % chsh* dhc+ c <n3ch)+ s)snss% 4s c+"& h4c.s )c *bnul )sc) ulus +u% c+"& s *+0u3s dc )c b*h3clc C*ucss% dc ch*c h <*n+ h < dc chsnus % <n *+*unchss +s% ch <n *"<n4ss s+"4s h2lc bdshnh. Cu0sncc+" c b dh + <n G*+dsn+ 4s <nc+ b dh + lh S <l)? h.s )c uls3h H0+*+csunss% sh* 0<snc )c Gblgb h% <nsu2lc3sndu"3s c/lh/sh )*sn c*cdsn3+. PUNCTUL 6 B% c< hs 2s h)*ccsh )u sn3h dc"h hsss h lh bh c hcclc <ncc*c+*s s2<4sc bh*c hlc s.b+/s*ss hlcQ B% cu0 3s"hs 2s gus h 2c*scs*ch% 2sc 4s *udnsc+% dc h 2s 2bs dc 2h3+ lh bh c hcclc <0)*cDu*+*s <n ch*c Db0nul h su2c*s Q B% *c)c3s u dc 0ul c b*s% dc 0"h4 2s h2lh cu ss03s*ch dc hcu0 <n bh c c)ssbhdclc <ndu*c*h c hlc Ph s0slb*Q Cs bsnc% sh h0sn c c+ nu sbsc4 s <*.su% bh chsh* /ss lh s0): sh +"& hscs )c <nsu4s Db0nul ch*c su2c*ch hcblb 4s% chsh* dhc+ nu h)+sh dc du*c*s% <n2+3s4<ndu"3s"sc hs 2cl <nc< s+ 2ss cu)*sns dc 0sl+. s dhc+ hs 2s hcblb 4s l"hs /cdch <n hhsnh cch hlb+% c<nd b3s <s s *sghu
MCDSTHSH (7 (B'
>ncbunul"% u hs s)unc? >Nu c dcc< bunul 0cu subs ." s lh )bhlclc s <l)ulus% )*+bu4s % /+.<ndu"& cu0 sc *bs bgblc4 c <n b+l bhch )*b)*sulus s+u s<ngc% u 3s"hs <n sndc h01ndbu+ 0<snslc ch s+"& hDu3s s+ sc *sdscc% )c c<nd ccslhl3s% ch s+ chd+: dhc+ l"hs hu.s )c d*cg+ b* s)un<nd dsn *"un bhlcbn?% Jh +"& )c B0"% hs s *sgh 4s u% .sc<nd? >C cb0bh*h 0ch% Sb3ul% Subs ul% C*ch b*ul 4s Db0nul 0cu." s c<nd ns0cns nu"& /bsh 4s b3s <l d+dchu <n schs0bul lus Bh*hbh% u hs cCclh0h 4s"hs s)unc? >Cu unul <l subcsc% <l db*csc% dh3s"0s"& 0sc% c+cs hl 0cu c% Du0nc.cul 0cu 4s b cc h0 0hs scu0) )c lu0c." Cu0)+nc4 c c+ dhc+ hs h hs 2hcc"b h uncs 4s h4h 3s"hs )*c3us nb*bcul% bucu*+" c 4s 0ul3u0c4 c c+ h.s hs hDuns lh S2<n h Cb0unsunc: c+ dhc+ h uncs hs 2s hdus 0ul3u0s*s )cn *u c+ l"hs 2s )*s0s *+ns <n b*h3c% hdu"lc h.s 4s 0hs 0h*s )cn *u .c+ 3s l"hs )us <n )sc) % <0)+* +4s : dhc+ hs 2s sbcb s d*c) un 0h*c hh <* s+ c )b3s h)*b)sh cu 2c*/bh*c ch s+"s hdb*s *+nslc% *ccunbh4 c" c 4s 0hs 2h/b*s.h c+ hs hDuns s+ lc 01n<ncs: )*c3usc4 c c+% dc4s nu hs )*s0s <n b*h3c buchc3clul hcclh dc 0s* % hcu0 dh% 4s )c dc"h"n *cgul <n 0+*un hsclc hlc% nu dbh* s *<ns lh )sc) % cs chsh* <n+un *ul lus 4s )c dc)lsn uns cu sns0h h. <n 2clul hccs h )b3s /cns s+ c cu0snccs% )*s0sndu"& )c Db0nul% h.s <n *"un c)ssbd hl Ph s0slb* 4s 0<snc <n *"hl ul% c<nd )*sns% c<nd bscsus % scus)h % <ncununh cu s)sns% bh Dbcb*s % b+ u <n cusc% hd+)h cu 2sc*c% b0b*< 4s <ng*b)h <n 0b*0<n ul ccl nbu hl )sc) ulus +u.
5(
C2. S!hn, 79% 7("7'.
(A9
CUMSNCCTBRUL
/+.u Sbh*clc <n/sh <n *c *u0cnclslc s0)un+ bh*clb* lus *+ns. Lc"h +g+dus <n/+3+ b*ulus s+u 4s lc"h dcschss <n ssnc <nsu4s: c+u h 0<n"g<sc*c <n nb*bcul s+u bc*c% <n c*cdsn3h sh bch*c1% )cn *u 2h) ul dc"h nu sc 2s bucu*h dc /s.s h Db0nulus% <n <nc+)+3<nh*ch dc h"& +g+dus <n/sh . Cc *ch )b*ns*c h"& ssls )c C*ss bs s+"4s *c)c c hh <*u*slcQ Pu3sn u4u*ch.+ *+nslc csnc *c<nnbsc4 c hs 2cl du*c*slc 5B% nclu<nd sch0h c+ lc dcschsdc cu h < 0hs 0ul % cu c< 0hs 0ul lc +g+dusc4 c. B% su2lc c hl 0cu% cu0 sc 0hs sh lh"n *ccc*c nc)sb4cnsh h cu cch h lus Tb0h% dc n"b 2s 4s dc)+4snd" bQ Cc *ch <3s c )*cg+ s*ch ch s+ 0c*s3s hs +.s /s.s h Db0nulus% dhc+ hcblb <n/sh % hscs <0)+* +4s Q C<nd ccslhl3s sc bucu*+ dc *bhdclc )+css% u s +*us <n *+.bbsul cugc ulus. <n/sb*ch.+"3s c*cdsn3h% <nsu2lc3c4 c"3s n+dcDdch% h)*sndc d*hgbs ch <n *ug+csunch <n2l+c+*h +. PUNCTUL 7 Cb0)+ s0s b*% )c c< dc ncc*cdsncsbs Tb0h% lh ch)+ ul h b) .slc dc <ncc*ch*c% s)*c h"s )u*s2sch db*sn3clc% Db0nul bsnc/bsc4 c h"& 0slus dc hs + dh + <n b/+*+4sh 2*h3slb* s+s% c+cs )*ch )u3sn cbn ch.+ c+ u4slc hdun+*ss s<n <nchssc% dhc+ cclc hlc *+nslb* lus s<n h < dc dcschssc% sh* cbhs h lus chsh* lh*g. H)h*c <n 0sDlbcul H)bs blslb*% <n chs) dc ccn *u c+ *c ch*c *cbusc s+ 0ch*g+ b3s s)*c h"4s s h b*nscs sns0slc: 4s"h h3sn s bchss hsu)*h lus Tb0h% hdsc+ s s"h dcschss lus )c ccs hs su2lc ulus: <s )b*uncc4 c sh sc h)*b)sc% <n *uc< s)s*s ul <s c*h h < dc <nghc3h ch hl unush cc s + ch h < dc dc)h* c dc c+ldu*h"s du0nc.cshsc+: <s s)unc s+"4s <n snd+ 0<nh% sc0n c+ )c"h sh nu 4s"b luhsc dc b dc )c cl. >Punc dcgc ul = <s cc*c d<nsul s +*us b* = <n cbhs h 0ch 4s 2+"3s <ncc*ch*ch )<n+ c<nd hDungs lh sns0+% c+cs ch cu 2bcul cs <3s /h b)s ghch3h nc)sb4cnscs." Cu0)+nc4 c 0h*ch 0slbs s/s*c h M<n us b*ulus% ch*c% ch s+ 0<n ushsc+ un su2lc % h* hccc) h <nc+ b dh + *+nslc% sh* h.s% ch s+ /sndccc )c un H)bs bl% 4s lc *c<nnbsc4 c: lus Tb0h% cclus <nghc3h % s lc b2c*+% <n s0) cc Mhgdhlcncs% cclcs <n2l+c+*h c% s lc *c2u.+% c+cs bl<ndc3slc s<n )cn *u ccs slhbs% )c c<nd <ncc*c+*slc )cn *u ccs h*s.
5B
Sh h0sn c% su2lc c% c+ )c C*ss bs <nsu4s glb*sbs *+ns <l hs <n+un *ul hccs cs Bs ss: hscul + cc"3s s)unc? >H)*b)sc" c dc 0snc% )*s0c4 c"0+ 4s h sngc"0+% cs nu cu dcgc clc% cs cu bu.clc hlc: nu cu 0<nh cch g*bsblhn+% cs cu ls0bh cch cu* cns bh*c% cu sns0h h cch <nh0b*h +: cc*ul gu*ss hlc <ncc*cc gus ul hccs b* *+ns% ls)c4" c"3s bu.clc <nsc h c dc s./b*ul cbhs cs 0clc dcschssc: sc ch db*u*slb* hlc s sng+" sc <n hccs s./b* dc 0<ng<sc*s." <n/sb*ch.+"3s c*cdsn3h 4s )*c3usc4 c"3s 2c*scs*ch% c+cs dhc+ Tb0h h hDuns s+ )un+ dcgc ul <n cbhs h Db0nulus% hscs C*ss bsul b sc s *+0u + <n )sc) ul +u: nu )sc*dc )*slcDul% h sngc"s bh c *+nslc% )*c3usnd hsc0cnch hh <*u*s )*s/slcgsh c. PUNCTUL 6 Dhc+ Tb0h h h sns )sh *h% )c C*ss bs% cu 2sc*ul ncc*cdsn3cs shlc% h 3<4ns 2bc <n sns0+ 4s lu0sn+ <n bchs? s"h dcschss )c ccs hs *u)ulus ch s+ /hd+ *+nslc 4s )c ccs hs su2lc ulus ch s+ 0+* u*sschsc+ du0nc.cs*ch. #+.<ndu"& )c C*ss bs )*c2+cu <n *+ns )cn *u lccus*ch lus% cl sc )*c2hcc <n gu*s <n *u 0+* u*sss*ch lus C*ss bs 4s% cCclh0<nd% s)unc? >Db0nul 0cu 4s Du0nc.cul 0cu% 0+ )*cdhu: 0s"hs cucc*s sns0h cu *+nslc hlc 4s .sc c+ Tu c4 s Db0nul 0cu% Du0nc.cul 0cu% Rcgclc 0cu% h/u ul 4s bh + 0ul3u0s*ch 0ch? Du0nc.cul 0cu 4s bh c hlc 0clc% c+cs <n Tsnc sc cu)*sndc b ul." Cu0)+nc4 c hcu0h c+ dhc+ Tb0h nu0hs h sng<nd *hnh dsn cbhs h Db0nulus h *+0hs 0ul3u0s % schs0bh 4s <n2l+c+*h dc c/lh/sc% u% ch*c l"hs h sns )c b % c<nd l"hs )*s0s % c< dc <n2l+c+*h 4s c< dc schs0bh h* *cbus s+ *+0<s% )+ *uns )c dc"h"n *cgul <n Du0nc.cu% dc /*c0c cc Du0nc.cu h )+ *uns )c dc"h"n *cgul <n snc: 0+* u*ssc4 c"& d*c) Db0nul +u% Du0nc.cul% C*ch b*ul% S.b+/s b*ul% <ncc)u ul% 0sDlbcul 4s s2<*4s ul +u: h/u ul +u 4s unsc ccn *u hl db*sn3clb* hlc. PUNCTUL ( Cu c< + bun+/bs*c 4s dc c< c b*s nu s"h* <n bh*cc Tb0h s+ sc bucu*c dc *+nslc hcclch s0)un+ bh*c% dhc+ s"h* 2s <ng+dus Q Cc <nsc h h* sb*bs sh*+4s dsn hcclc s./bh*c ncscch c hlc 0<ng<sc*ss 4s d*hgbs csQ Su2lc c% 3sc <3s cs c *c.c*/h hccs hh2<* dcbscbs : 0c*gs lh S2<n h Cb0unsunc hs +.s 4s 0<snc 4s"n 2scch*c .s% c+ c h4 ch) + Db0nul?
CUMSNCCTBRUL
/bsc4 c s+ 2ss hs 2cl 2c*scs du)+ cu0 )b3s. Tb0h h *+0hs ncs)us dc *ccunbsc+ b* )cn *u b 0slbs cnsc h < dc dcbscbs +: chsh* cl% ch*c"s cbn *h.scch )c b3s% ncc*cdsncsbs% 0+* u*ssc4 c <0)*cun+ cu b3s% c*cdsncsbs: lc cc*c hDu b*ul ch s+ 0ul3u0chsc+% )*ccu0 <nhsn c ch s+ c*chd+: <4s )*b)unc s+ 0+* u*sschsc+ )<n+ lh 0bh* c% 2sc 4s cu )*c3ul b h < b* *+ns c< c hcclch )c ch*c lc"h hdb*h . S<*gusc4 c u s+ 2ss *ccunbsc+ b* ch Tb0h% bh chsh* cu h <
0hs 0ul % cu c< c4 s 0hs <ndh b*h : 2+" c nu0hs gu*s <n *u lhudh ch 4s <n *u )*s0s*ch lus 4s% )cn *u un Db0n ch*c 3s"h dcschss lh*g cbhs h 4s *+*unchss s+s% dc.ls)c4 c"3s 4s u bu.clc% scbh c"3s 4s u sns0h b)s +% 2sc )c gu*+. <n chs) dc bshnhlc% 2sc )c bchs <n chs) dc dusb4ss.
MCDSTHSH (6 (A6
MCDSTHSH (6
m
PUNCTUL & #cs cbn c0)lh cu0 hcc4 s dbs dsscs)bls% dc4s )u3sn )*bbhbsl hdunh3s <n nu0clc.Db0nulus% <s scs cu*<nd <n chlc% <n *uc< cbn/b*bs*ch dcs)*c Du0nc.cu c 0b0chlh cc"s h *hgc. Mc*gchu /b*bsnd dcs)*c Ph s0slc shlc% 4s% hs 2cl% *c)cdc l"hu h *hs <n cbn/c*sh3sh lb*% 0u.sch cch 0hs dulcc )c ch*c s"b )b 2hcc 3s c*clc dsn Cc*. Cc *+u )*cg+ s3s <s g+sc4 c )cn *u h lc <0)+* +4s hh <*u*slc shlc% h*c <ndc)+* h3s dc ClQ Db0nul <ns+% 0slbs s/% sc h)*b)sc dc cs: cs 2ug% sh* Cl <s chu +: <s /cdc *+cs3s <n c*cdsn3+% dcc+.u3s <n s)c*hn3+% nc)+s+ b*s <n subs*c% dh* cu /b*bclc shlc dc /sh3+ lc <nc+l.c4 c *c) h sns0slc% <nsu2lc3sndu"lc nc<nc*cdc*ch shu snsu2l<ndu"lc /sh3+ nbu+. Sh h0sn c% su2lc c% c+ )c Db0nul <nsu4s <l <n <lnc4 s h.s )c d*u0ul /sc3ss hlc 0bh* c: dhc+ hcblb d*u0c3% hscs )cs c 2s*c: dhc+ hcblb sub hcb)c*+0<n ul uncs )clc*snc% hscs sub hccsdcn clc uncs )<sns: dhc+ hcblb <n *chc+ % hscs s h b*nsc. Cc dcscu*hDh )u*cc.s )c d*u0ul /s* u3ss% cc nc)+s+ b* <n sluDbh lus Du0nc.cuQ H)*b)sc" c% h4hdh*% dc Db0nul hccs h <n *ug+csunc% )cn *u ch sub s0bbldul sns)s*h3sslb* shlc s+ 3s sc"h)*snd+"n )sc) 2bcul c/lh/scs: /b*bc4 c dcs)*c """""""""""""
5A
C2. Luch% 7(% &6"6B.
Du0nc.cu <n .suh c<nd c4 s cu Du0nc.cu: <n gu*h cc h*c h"& g+.dus )c Ssus nu *cbusc s+ sn *c ns0sc hl cc/h: ch s+ nu scbh + nscs b /b*b+ hl h dcc< dcs)*c Du0nc.cu% /b*bh cc *cbusc s+ )*s0chsc+ cu/<n ul du0nc.cscsc% 4s cu h)h gu*ss 2ccsb*clnsc+ /sn+ s+ gus c )<snch 4s /snul .+0ssls c <n 2ccsb*sc. PUNCTUL 7 s cs sc h)*b)sc dc sh ul C0hus% 3sn h 2ugss lb*? Db0nul sc )*c2hcc c+ )lchc+ 0hs dc)h* c% dc4s 0hs dcg*hb+ s"h* )l+cch s+ *+0<n+: /*ch ch cs s+"& b)*chsc+ cu db*u*s 4s s+"& <ndh b*c.c cu *ug+0sn3s: cl% ch*c lh <ncc)u h /cns lh cs dc bun+ /bsc% /*ch s+ 2sc *ugh b dh + cu )*b)+4s*ch /s* u3ss% ch 0h0h cc"4s bblsg+ cb)slul sh 0ch*g+ 4s"& lhs+ h)bs ssngu* )cn *u ch cl s+"4s lc)cdc 2*sch: 4s dhc+"& /+d h < dc b0cncsc% dc4s c*h ccl 0hs du0nc.cscsc% <l *bhg+ s+ .+bb/chsc+: nu"& )b2 csc% du)+ bbsccsul lu0ss% dc 2b*0+% cs s +*us b*% ch s+"& <ndu)lccc: cl lc *+s)undc c+ h*c d*u0 lung dc 2+cu % c+cs )lcc<nd dc lh un su2lc % 0ul sc <ndc)+* ch.+? dss hn3h ch*c c <n *c /sn+ 4s Du0nc.cu. H cn3sc% su2lc c% c+ *ccc Ms*clc Ds/sn c+ *c hl clc 0hs nb*bcbhsc dcc< snc% )cn *u c+ 0hs <n2l+c+*h c? c nc/bsc s+"& *bgs h < h c< s+"& b)*c4 s. Dhc+ uccnscss hcc4 sh% 2+*+ h"& cunbh4 c% <l )*c3uscsc h < h% u% ch*c )*sn c*cdsn3+ 4 ss csnc cs c% s<*gusc4 c s+"s 2hcs )*s0s*c s+*b+ b*chsc+: cs 4s"& <nchs)uscsc s *+sn% u <l 4 ss dc"hl +u: *bhg+"& s+ sn *c nu dbh* sub un hcb)c*s4 cu snc% cs chsh* <nl+un *ul )sc) ulus +u: )b2 c4 c"&% c+cs )<n+ lh u*0+ b ul /h 2s )c chcl ushlh lus% <n *uc< cl /h hducc 0<nch*ch% sh* u )b2 h% dbb<ndsnd /sh3h cch /c4nsc+. PUNCTUL 6 Lcsnc h bsnc/bs Db0nul% c+cs h*c 0ul <s )lhcc s+ s ch cu 2sss bh0cnslb*: sc h4ch.+ lh 0hs+ 4s C*ss bs lh 0sDlbc% dcb)b *s/+ cu cs <n bucu*h*c 4s hh <*: <s dhu )<snch <n 0<sns% cu bun+ ns0c*s*c% 2ssndc+ b dchunh )*sn clc s"h dbb<nds : <4s /b* 2s <n+l3h bchss lh cc*% ch s+ 2sc )<snc cu bchs55% 4s <nc+ du0nc.csc4 s% 4s lh 2*<ngc*ch
(%
CUMSNCCTBRUL
cs ls s"hu dcschss hs lb* 4s l"hu cunbscu d*c) <n/+3+ b*% dh* <n cls)+ h 4s dss)+*u % c+cs <n /sh3h hcchs h c 2ulgc* hcclh ch*c <n cch /c4nsc+ cs c Sbh*c dc lu0sn+ 4s 0<ng<sc*c? s"h l+sh cu dulcch3+ )c bu.c% <nlbcus b* <n ls)sh lus *+0<n<nd )<snch cch 0snunh +% s"h l+sh sn/sdsb4s )c nb*bcul dc h"& 2s cunbscu <nhsn c 4s db*s b*s dc h sc bucu*h dc Cl 4s dc h"s 2s hcb*dh *+nslc sl+/s c 4s h"s 2s s *<ns lh )sc) )scsbh*clc. B% <n cc <0b*+3s4+*s s"h* 2s )*sns s+"& 2s cu)*sns% dhc+ l"h* 2s cunbscu Q Sh sch0h c+ )c Db0nul <nsu4s <l hs <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h hscs. )c 0hsh Hl h*ulus: Cl 2*<ngc 4s <0)h* c )<snch cc*chsc+: nu )*cgc h s+"3s *ccunb4 s 2c*scs*ch% c+cs /h 2s <*.su c<nd <3s /cs *ch0sn s 4s c /cs ncc+Ds c+ nu hs dbb<nds "b <nhsn c: h)*b)sc" c dc Db0nul% c+ nu 3s sc /h 2hcc nc/+.u ch uccnscslb*% dcbh*ccc <l 3snc" n c0ns3h subs*ch. Bucu*+" c dc )*c.cn3h lus du0nc.cshsc+ 4s *u)chsc+% hdb*+"s )scsbh*clc s *+)unsc% s+*u + *+nslc sl+/s dc 2*u0bhsc: )c snc c h4 ch) +% )cn *u snc sc b)*c4 c% s0) 4s lbc <3s d+ ch s+"& cbn c0)ls% s+"&
subc4 s 4s s+"& 0+n<ncs. PUNCTUL ( Ccs dbs uccnscs n"hu *+0hs nscs 0<hns3s% nscs bucu*b4s% 2c*scs*ch dc h"& 2s /+.u )c <n/+3+ b*ul lb* schs0b<ndu"ls"sc <n *ss c3ch dc h"& 2s )sc*du h < dc su c: 0hs *c)cdc )lcch % s)unchu cs% dcc< h2lh : cu0)+nchu cu )*c3us*c hh2<*ul cc ls=& 2+cusc 4s *c)c hu <n/+3+ u*slc )c ch*c ls lc d+dusc: 4s"hu 0ss us sns0slc <n d*hgbs c c<nd s"h dus% 4s ls0bslc <n *ccunb4 sn3+ c<nd s"h <n b*s: /b* 2s *clh h dc 0ul c b*s <n cu/sn c h)+sh c cclc s)usc dc d<nsul 4s lc /b* 2s cu0)+ns c2schcs h ch 4s luc*+*slc: 0hs )*csus dc b*scc% bun+/bsn3h du0nc.cshsc+ h chs)ulus s+u: sc 2clscs hu )cn *u 2c*scs*ch lb*% sh* Db0nulus <s hducchu 0ul3u0s*s )cn *u 0slbs cnsh sh: nu /b* 2s ns0c*s s+ /b*bchsc+ dcs)*c hl cc/h /*c0c dc 0ul c .slc% bh chsh* /b* 2s *c)h*cu*s hcclh4s d*u0% *ccunbsc<nd u*0clc <n/+3+ b*ulus lb*% 3sn<ndu"sc dc cclc hlc S2sn cs shlc Lcgs. S"hu <n b*s hcblb undc c*hu H)bs blss% <0)+* +4sndu"lc dsn 2c*scs*ch lb*% 4s 4s"hu *c<nnbs sh ss2hc3sh. <n/h3+% su2lc c% s+ hducs 0ul3u0s*s Ds/snulus +u <n/+3+ b* <n .suh <n ch*c c h4c.s lh 0hsh lus: dcschsdc"3s bu.clc <n *u lhudc% )*ccu0 4s bchss <n *u cunb4 sn3+: sh sch0h s+ nu dh b*c.s nc")sb4cnscs hlc 2c*scs*ch dc h"& 2s cunbscu 0hs <nhsn c: /*c0c dc
MCDSTHSH ((
(AB

58
5' 89
sub hl uncs Bs ss: nu <n *c gsulgsu*s hlc 0b*3ss% cs <n *c hccsdcn c hlc /sc3ss. Pl<ngc"3s g*c4clslc 4s sus)sn+ du)+ hh <*u*slc shlc 4s"3s /cs dbb<nds *+s)lh h db*sn3clb*. PUNCTUL 7 Db0nul% h *hs hcu0 nu dc 2sh*clc uncs )+c+ bhsc% cs dc hu*ul unus <nd*+gbs s % s sc b2c*+% )l+ snd cu hh <*u*s db/c.slc dc h2cc3sunc h < dc )u c*nscc% s sc h*h + <n hhsnc dc g*+dsnh*% ch un Ssus <n2lb*s % /*ch s+ culchg+ *bhdclc dc /s* u3s hlc hcclb* 2lb*s dc db*u*s? b"n *chb+ dc cc )l<ngc 4s )c csnc chu +% dc4s 4 sc h < dc bsnc c+ Cl <nsu4s cs c chu.h% dh* sc ss0 c sl+/s c<nd b hudc *clh <ndu"4s su2c*sn3h. Ch <s *+s)undc% ch 4s cu0 h* 2s dc lh ssnc <n3clcs% c*c.<nd c+ b3s hu hcclh4s g<nd ch 4s ch% 4s nu sc <n4hl+% 2ssndc+ lh cc hl cc/h c )b3s g<nds dhc+ nu lh Du0nc.cu shu /b*bs dcs)*c hl cc/h dhc+ nu dcs)*c Du0nc.cuO Nu s)unc c+ c <n c+u h*ch unus 0b* % c+cs 0b*s 4s nu0hs dhc+"3s <ncbl3c4 c g<ndul hccs h? >D+"0s"& <nh)bs = .scc ch = 4s nu c 0s*h c+ nu 0+ <ns)+s0<n % c+cs dhc+ )u c*slc"0s ls)scsc% <0s )*ssbsc4 c cu*hDul: nu <nch)c <ng*b.s*c undc cs c subs*c": Db0nul h0<n+ s+ sc dch )c 2h3+ dbh* ch s"b hud+ cu0 <4s <n0ul3c4 c db*u*slc. Su2lc c% sh h0sn c c+ hscs <l hs )c Db0nul <nsu4s% )c G*+dsnh*ul su2lc clb*% ch*c lc s *b)c4 c cu s<ngclc s+u: c hscs dc 2h3+ sub 0hsch hccsdcn clb* )<snss 4s"3s hscul + <nd*+gbs s clc db/c.s dc h2cc3sunc: dhc+ <ns+ subs*ch <l hscundc% dcscb)c*c"& c*cdsn3h h% sh* dhc+ Mhgdhlcnh h h/u dc g<nd s+ 4s"& sh <n2+4u*h <n gsulgsu% u sh"3s"& <0)+* +4s . PUNCTUL 6 Bucu*bs c+ b /+.usc s *b)sndu"s )cn *u h dbuh bh*+ +l)slc cu s./bh*clc bchslb* cs% /+.<ndu"4s *hndh2s*ss
*+nslb* )c*lh3s cu 0+*g+*s h*clc unus )l<ns h < dc <0bcl4ugh % du0nc.cscscul g*+dsnh* Nh.h*snchn s sc h*h +% nu0snd"b )c nu0clc cs? >M+*sh"% .scc% sh* ch <n cls)+% )*ccu0 b bhsc <nc+ nu )sc*du +% *ccunbh4 c glhsul bsnc g+ss ulus cs P+s b*: s"h s)us )c nu0c cu h < h bl<ndc3c% <nc< d<nsh s"h )u u cunbh4 c 0h*ch 0slbs cnsc: s s"h h*unch )lsn+ dc subs*c lh )scsbh*c% ccn *u 4 su hl <nclsnh3scs cs% 4s dhc+ hl +dh + h c+.u sub )b/h*h )+ch clb*% dc hs + dh + sub cch h subs*ss cs: s"h n+)us s ch b hh*nsc+ hlbsnu3+ c+ *c 0s*chs0h *1s)<nds + dc *+nslc"s <n2lb" *s c% cs Db0nul h b)*s "b% .sc<nd? >Nu c h)*b)sh% nu 0+ h sngc% c+cs <nc+ nu 0"h0 sus lh Th +l 0cu: *+0<n+ )cn *u snc su2c*sn3clc% )+s *h c 2sc )cn *u Th +l 0cu sl+/s*slc: )cn *u snc s)snss% )cn *u Cl *hndh2s*ss 0s*cs0h3s." B% su2lc c hl 0cu% *ccunbh4 c"3s hscs 2c*scs*ch 4s s *+dusc4 c" c s"b )*c3usc D s% dcbh*ccc Db0nul hccs h nu nu0hs c+ nu"3s )b*uncc4 c s+ c *c *hgs )*cchu % cs s+ c h)*b)ss subs b*: dhc+ Mhgdh"lcncs <4s hscundc *+nslc% )c snc c <0bsc lh clc% nu dbh* ch s+ lc h sngs% cs ch s+ lc 0+n<ncs: hu.s cu0 c chch0+ )c nu0clc +u% cu hsc0cnch /+ds*s dc bun+/bsn3+% <nc< bun+ h ch lus s+ c h *hg+: dhc+ 0+*c3sh lus c s2sc4 c% nu )sc*dc )*slcDul cu0sncc+*ss% c+cs /c4nscsh bh + /cs Dsndus du)+ ch: h*unc+" c lh )scsbh*clc lus% s *<ngc lh )sc) *+nslc <n2lb*s c% 4s dsn clc 3<4ns"/b*% <n lbc dc s<ngc% 0sc*c )*chdulcc )c ch*c s+ b 0+n<ncs% ncc h* cc*csc )c ch*c s+"& sb*bs 4s cu ch*c s+ c nu *c4 s. PUNCTUL ( Dsn )*c2c*h +% Mhgdhlcnh h dc/cns *ccunbsc+ bh*c 4s% nc0hs"<nc+)<ndu"s sns0h"n )sc) dc 0ul3u0s*c% 0c*gc s+ 4s"b <0)+* +4chsc+ 4s H)bs blslb*% db*nsc+ dc hDu b*ul lb* ch s+ hduc+ 0ul3u0s*s 4s s+ sh/u*c.c hh <*u*slc: sc bucu*+ <0)*cun+ cu cs nu )cn *u b ssngu*+ d*hh0+ g+ss +% cs )cn *u csncs8&% 4s <nc+ h < dc )*c3sbhsc% <nc< 2scch*c /hlb*ch.+ un Cc*: 4s nu sc /h 2s 0ul3u0s cu h < h% cs /h 2s )b2 s 4s cc clc cc*c4 s )cn *u ch clc% cu ls0bslc lb* su)c*sbh*c% s+ b hDu c h"4s s)b*s lhudclc du0nc.csc4 s% s)*c h 0c*s h s+ lc hscul3s bh + /sh3h c<n +*slc dc *ccunb4 sn3+. Cu0)+nc4 c c+ dhc+ Mhgdhlcnh% )cn *u b ssngu*+ dh + c<nd h hDuns s+ /hd+ *+nslc hcclch glb*sbhsc% 2+*+ h lc h sngc 0+ch*: s+ lc )*s/chsc+% 2+*+ 0+ch* h lc s+*u h% <n b3s hnss /sc3ss cs% .s dc .s <n *c cc clc <nh*s)h c% 4s b <4s )*bsl+/c4 c 2c*scs*ch% h uncs u% su2lc c hl 0cu% ch*c nu dbh* b dh +% cs dc h < ch b*s 4s"n h <3sh hns% .s dc .s% cbn snus s+"& )*s0c4 s )c Db0nul <n *cg% nu dbh* s+"s s+*u3s *+nslc% cs s+ s lc 0+n<ncs% /c.s c< c4 s dc dh b* s+ *c)c3s <n 2scch*c cchs 4s"n 2scch*c cls)+ 0ul3u0s*slc cu/cns c. S<*gushsc+ <n cb* bh c 2hcul +3slc hlc )*ch0+*snd 4s h*+ <ndu"4s *ccunb4 sn3h )cn *u hh <*u*s h < dc ncbbs4nus c% *c/c*sc bu.clc hlc c+ *c hccs c *+ns dulcch3h )c ch*c h su) "b sns0h h.
8&
ccs c 4h) c 0cds h3ss% s *<nsc hscs lh un lbc% bbs4nush s+ lc *c)c c /cnc*h ul )+*sn c K*hncsscb dc Bb*Dh87% ch )*cb % <n cclc 4h) c .slc hlc s+) +0<nss% .slnsc c< c unh% 4s b h4h lc /cs )u ch )*hc sch 4s u: sh* )c c<nd nu c*h <nc+ shcc*db % sc cu0sncch du0snsch% 2blbssnd cclc *cs .slc )*cccdcn c ch s+ sc )*cg+ chsc+% 4s cclc *cs .slc dc du)+ hccch ch s+ hduc+ 0ul3u0s*s 4s s+ culchg+ *bhdc. PUNCTUL & Mcds h"/cs c<nd /h 2s s+"& )*s0c4 s )c Db0nul ch )c un Rcgc% cc 0h*c 2hs hs )*c/cdch dhc+ h* 2s s+"& g+.dusc4 s <n chsh h )c Rcgclc lbculus: cs bsnc% cu c< 0hs 0h*s )*cg+ s*s *cbusc s+ 2hcs ch s+" & )*s0c4 s )c ccl hl Cc*ulus% 4s nu <n chsh% cs <n )sc) ul +uO Sh* dc"& )*s0c4 s ch )c Ms*clc ds/sn% ch + s+"3s <0)bdbbc4 s su2lc ul cu clcghn3h hh*ulus 4s cu gsu/hsc*clc scu0)c hlc /s* u3slb*. Dc"& )*s0c4 s ch )c un Mcdsc% db*sndu"& cu b h < h h*dbh*c c< + nc/bsc hs dc cl% du*c*slc hlc s+"3s *c.chsc+ g<ndul c+ 4s Cl h su2c*s )cn *u snc 4s h b+u h0h*h cu*+3cnsc dc 2sc*c 4s b3c % ch s+ c /sndccc dc bblslc g*clc )c ch*c 3s lc"hu )*scsnus )l+cc*slc. Dhc+ c C+)s hn% <n *chgh h /sh3+ 2ssnd 0sls3sc86% <n*blch.+" c sub s chgu*slc shlc% chch0+"& <n hDu b* c<nd c /c.s hscdsh dc du40hns h < dc c*u.s. Dhc+ c Judcc+ b*% <ndc)+* ch.+ dc lh sns0h h b*scc /sn+ ch*c h* hducc h sngc*c d*c) +3ss bchslb* s+s ds/sns. Dhc+ P+s b*% s *sg+"& cu bch+s u*s dc sus)snc% 2sc ch s+ c scbh + dsn g< lcDul lu)ulus sn2c*nhl% 2sc ch s+ c )hsc+ )c )l+cu clc
87
MCDS0HDSH <5
(A'
)+4uns udh c chsh* cu s<ngclc lus. Dhc+ <n/+3+ b*% *ccunbh4 c"3s 0hs <n <s nc4 ssn3clc 4s s0)lb*+"& ch% dc /*c0c cc cs c <n3clc)csunc sn2sns +% s+ c <n/c3c hcch 0h*c 4 ssn3+ h cunbh4 c*ss% subs*ss 4s sluDs*ss shlc. Sh + )*cg+ s*ch )cn *u 2scch*c dsn hccs c 4h) c 0cds h3ss.
PUNCTUL 7 Sh h0sn c c+ Rcgclc hccs h su)*c0 sc h)*b)sc dc )b*3slc su2lc ulus +u% 4s hnu0c dc bu.c: /snc cu bun+ h c? shs+"s <n <n <0")snh*c cu 0+*c3sc su2lc ul +u: cc*c"s 0slbs cnss% <n *uc< csnc sc d+*usc )c ssnc <nsu4s nu /h )u ch s+"3s *c2u.c ns0sch: sbsc4 c hcu0 ssngu*ul subs hl sns0ss hlc? shs+% dh*% s+" & )*s0chsc+ <n *+*unchs <n *c subs*s 4s db/c.s dc h2cc3sunc. Hcu0 sc"nhl3+ Mcdscul ds/sn% ch*c c s+n+ h ch% dbc b*sh 4s /csclsh bblnh/slb*% 4s cl h <ndu*h ccl dsn <s du*c*slc? <n2+3s4ch.+"3s"lc unh c< c unh 4s cc*c"s lchcul )cn *u bh c. s sc 4s s/c4 c /s ch.ul C+)s hn l<ng+ )sc) ? )*cd+"s chs clul su2lc ulus +u% nu c )*c2hcc )u c*nsc <n sl+bscsunslc hlc. Hcu0h"3s cc*c sbcb chlh nc<ndu)lcch ul Judcc+ b*? h*unc+"s" c lh )scsbh*c% 0+* u*sssndu"3s cu u0slsn3+ /snslc cclc g*clc 4s /cs dbb<nds sc* h*c. Tc chu + hcu0h P+s b*ul ccl Bun? hu.s"s 2lusc*+ u*slc 0slbs s/c% u*0ch.+"& cu d*hg 4s sh dsn 0<nh lus )<snch cc*chsc+. Hcu0 sc"h4h.+ lh ch cd*h sns0ss hlc Ds/snul <n/+3+ b*? hscul +"& cu luh*c" h0sn c 4s 2ss <0)+ s0s du)+ <n/+3+ u*h sh cch hdc/+*h +. PUNCTUL 6 Bucu*+" c dc hh <*ul )c ch*c 3s"& 2hcc 0h*clc <0)+*h : sh sch0h c+ c )c c< dc dh*nsc% )c"h < h dc )u c*nsc: <n/h3+ s+"s cc*s hcclush ch*c db*c4 c s+"3s dch% c+cs Cl )bh c 4s /*ch s+"3s dch. Unc4 c" c% su2lc c% cu <nd*+gbs s ul +u Ms*c 4s% dc /*c0c cc cl 3s"h dcschss *+*unchss lus% )*s0c4 c"& 4s u <n *"hs +s: 0ul c *+ns s"hs )*scsnus % /cs scbh c )*sn *+ns db/c.slc lus dc h2cc3sunc: nu0c4 c"& /sh3h h% dc /*c0c cc )c"h lus 4s"h )sc*du "b ch s+ c subchsc+. Kblbsc4 c lchcu*slc )c ch*c 3s lc hducc 0h*clc Mcdsc% 2+c<nd dbc b*sc chsh* dsn ch*nch 4s s<ngclc lus: Cl s"h s<ngc*h )cn *u s+n+ h ch h 4s h 0u*s ch s+"3s dch 3sc /sh3+. U*0ch.+"& )c C+)s hnul +u% c+cs Cl 0c*gc <n 2*un c <n bh c b+ +lsslc: nu"3s /h ls)ss )<snch% dcbh*ccc Cl 3s sc d+*usc )c ssnc ch h*hn+: lu) + cu cu*hD% c+cs )*s0s"/h Cl
470 CUMSNCCTBRUL
*+nslc <n lbcul +u: nu"s hbhndbnh s sndh*dul )<n+ cc nu bb3ss /sc b*sh. Hscul +% su2lc c% 4s h)lchc+"3s u*cchch lh un <n/+3+ b* h < dc <n3clc) % c+cs Cl c <n3clc)csunch Th +lus: 3s sc d+ ch h*hn+ ch s+ <n/c3s 0hs bsnc% h4h cu0 cb)slulus s sc dhu ls c*clc dc .hh+* ch s+ lc <n/c3c cu )l+cc*c: sc /b* <nsu4s cu s<ngc% dh* nu cu hl +u% cs cu hl <n/+3+ b*ulus <nsu4s% c+cs Cl h su)b* h bscclc )cn *u lcc3sh )c ch*c u n"hs 4 su "b. Cc Dus s2sc+*s <s )*c.sn3s unus Judcc+ b* h < dc 0slbs s/% ch*c h /*u s+ 2sc bs<nds )cn *u g*c4clslc hlcO s ccl ch*c n"h cb0ss nscs un )+ch 4s n"h )u* h h0+gs*c <n gu*+ h )l+ s )cn *u *+u h ch h: cc*c"s 0slbs s/s*c 4s 2+g+dusc4 c"s b 0h*c <nd*c) h*c: nu"3s /h cbn2ssch bunu*slc% cs% ds0)b *s/+% 3s sc d+ )c Ssnc ch h*hn+% ch s+ hs cc 0<nch. Hl+ u*+" c u*0cs P+s b*ulus +u cclus Bun% ch*c"3s c b dchunh nu *c3 dcs2+ + b*? Cl s"h cC)us )cn *u snc lu)slb* ch*ns/b*s% ch*c s"hu <0busbh dsn s<ngclc lus )<n+ lh ul s0h )sc+ u*+% sc0n c+ nu"s 0c*ccnh*: c scbh c lh )+scu chsh* <n *+*unchss s+s 4s c ducc )c u0c*s lh s <nh dsn Cc*ul s+u. PUNCTUL ( Kss *ccunbsc+ b* )c 0+su*h unus Rcgc h < dc gcnc*bs% sh* 0slbs s/s*slc *+0<n+ lcgh c <n bblsgh3ss /c4nscc dc h"& sluDs. Bucu"*+" c du)+ )lhc dc hh <*u*slc Ms*clus +u 4s s<*gusc4 c s+"s )+s *c.s c*cdsn3+% c+cs <n Dbc c nu 0hs )u3sn dcc< /sh3h h% 4s <nc+ cch /c4nsc+. Pl+ c4 c cu db/c.s dc *ccunb4 sn3+ dbc b*sslc h < dc cbs sss bh*c 4s )+s *ch.+ gu*h dclscsslb* hlc ch s"b 2blbsc4 s <n *u lhudclc lus. Hud+ Bhcsul Cc*csc bch+s u*slc 0ul3u0s*ss hlc <n chs) dc lhudc% sh* C+)s hnul +u h)lhu.clc )cn *u *su02ul lus. R+sunc b/h3sslc )cn *u <n3clc) ul +u <n/+3+ b*% sh* cch 0hs ssgu*+ cc* s2sch*c h <n/+3+ u*ss lus s+ 2sc )unc*ch cs <n luc*h*c <n *u 2blbsul +u. <n2+3s4ch.+"s bl<ndulus Judcc+ b* sns0h h h*s)h +% )c c< dc *ccunbsc+ bh*c )cn *u 0slh lus% )c"h < dc )bc+s + dc sc+lb4sh h: *ccunbh4 c c+ *+sc4 s dh b*s + lus 4s c+ dbh* )*sn hh <*ul lus nu c 0ss us )*c2+cu <n +csunc /c4nsc hl shdulus.
MCDSTHSH (A (5&
PUNCTUL & /ugc + lh csnc 4s"h )*s0s b h/u ul dc lh hl ul% cu c< + d*hgbs c <l )*s0c4 c c<nd sc"n <0)l+ s+"s chlcc )*hgul chscs: <s )unc lh )scsbh*c b cc h*c% c+cs 4 sc c+ b ul s"h /cns dsn 0<nh lus: b ul <s )h*c )u3sn 2h3+ dc 0ul ul )c ch*c s"& dh b*ch.+% nu su2c*+ dsn )*scsn+ c+ ccch cc h )*s0s nu c 0hs 0ul % cs c+ nu"& )bh c sluDs cu 0hs 0ul : <l 0+* u*ssc4 c d*c) bsnc2+c+ b*ul s+u% d*c) ccl cc &"h 2+cu )c*sbhn+% 4s"& )unc 0hs )*csus dc )*b)*sul s+u c*c4 c )c hcclh cc &"h *sdsch dsn )ulbc*ch 3+*<nss.
B% u% ch*c c cu0snccsQ Csnc bh*c c Db0nul )c ch*c"& g+.du"sc4 s hs +.s <n )sc) ul +uO G<ndc4 c c+"s dh b*c.s b cc c4 s. Cl c"h scbs dsn ns0sc% ch s+ 2ss 0ul % dcbh*ccc c"h 2+cu : nu"& )*s0c4 s <n chs+ s *+sn+% c+cs h du*h "b Cl% cu 0<snslc lus: Cl <3s d+ /sh3h% 2blbsc4 c"b <n *u sluDs*ch lus: Cl <3s d+ su2lc ul% 2blbsc4 c"& ch s+"& subc4 s )c Cl: )*s0c4 c"& ch )c ssngu*ul +u bsnc2+c+ b*% dcschsdc bchss c*cdsn3cs 4s /cdch"/cs <n hcchs + Bs sc )c Db0nul ch*c c"h c*cscu : )unc"3s"& <n )sc) ul +u ch*c% dsn 0ss dc )*scsns% <s c dh b*h lus: )unc"& <n *+*unchss +s% dcbh*ccc s<n hs lus: sn clcc ul +u cunbhsc+ hl cus cs c% sh* /bsn3h <nd*+gchsc+ un scb) cc"s cs c 4s bb<*4sc. Mhs )*csus dc b*scc% *u4snc.c"3s"sc sns0h c+ h )*c2+cu <n uncl c hlc b2cnscs lus )c hcclch cc"hu 2bs dh*u*s hlc 0+*sns0scs% hh <*u*s hlc sn2sns cs lus bsnc2hcc*s. PUNCTUL 7 Pu3sn c s+"3s dhs /sh3h )cn *u csnc/h: 0ul % dh% s+ 3s"b dhs )cn *u cl% s+ 0b*s )cn *u ch cl s+ *+shsc+% 4s chsh* hs h c )u3sn: cul0ch unus bsnc2+c+ b* hDungc )<n+ hcblb% <nc< s+ 0bh*+ chsh* )cn *u hcclh ch*c"& ucsdc% s+"& s.b+/chsc+ )c hcclh ch*c"& /sndc 4s s+"& *+scu0)c*c )c"hcclh ch*c"& cu0)+*+. S"h 0hs /+.u bh*c b hsc0cnch cul0c h subs*ssO Nu c cu )u sn3+ dcc< <n *"un Du0nc.cu <nd*+gbs s .
472 CUMSNCCTBRUL
8(
cs c c+ c"h )*cdcs snh slh/cs shlc% h4h cu0 c*c.s <n ch% 4s c+ b s+ c *sdscc <n slh/+% h4h cu0 n+d+Ddusc4 s: )*s0c4 c"& dccs ch )c su)*c0ul +u scb)% c+cs Cl <3s cs c hl2h 4s b0cgh: Cl <3s cs c )b)hs hl )c*cg*sn+*slb*% bdshn+ h 0uncslb*% )b* hl 0<n us*ss 4s ccn *u hl 2c*scs*ss hlc. <n c3c4 c"3s c*cdsn3h% c+cs )c hcclh4s )c ch*c hs s+"& /c.s 4s dc ch*c hs s+ c bucu*s <n cc*% )c Db0nul hccs h <nsu4s% <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h <l )+s *c.s <nchss <n )sc) ul +u% ch .+lbg hl slh/cs. PUNCTUL ( Nu0chsc+"sc hccs )*chdu0nc.cscsc Shc*h0cn Cuhh*ss sh% ccch cc /*ch s+ .sc+ bun+ 0ul3u0s*c% dcbh*ccc dh*ul 2+cu nbu+ dc Db0nul 2ssnd ncs2<*4s % sc s0)unc nccbn cns h cC)*s0h*c h *ccunb4 sn3cs dsn )h* ch cclus cc sc cu0sncc+: nu cCss + hl 0bd dc h"& *cs s us du)+ cc"& )*s0c4 s b dh + dcc< s+"& 0hs )*s0c4 s <nc+ b dh +? hcchs h c cch 0hs 0h*c cC)*cssc h *ccunb4 sn3cs: 4s nu c hl + chlc ch s+ c hchs3s dc"h < ch 0slbs s/s*s% dcc< s+" & )*s0c4 s cu /*cdnscsc 4s s+ c cu0snccs% Pb s* )cn *u Pb s*% 4s s+ )l+ c4 s lcg+0sn clc c+ *c Db0nul )*sn h)lhu.c )ublscc% <n 2h3h <n *cgulus s+u )b)b*% 4s nu *+0<nc hl cc/h dcc< b 0bh* c )*c3sbhs+ <n *u Db0nul% du)+ cc l"hs )*s0s % c+cs c un chs) 0+*c3 dc"h 0ul3u0s )cn *u un 0h*c dh* hl lus Du0nc.cu dhc+ )*s0c4 s <nc+ unul. Tc g+sc4 s <ncch <n bsnc2hcc*s% <nchc+" c% dh*% <n s<ngclc lus? 0ul3u"0s"/cs h4h cu0 *cbusc% dhc+ subc4 s h4h cu0 cunb4 s. <n 2clul hccs h )u ch"/cs s+ c cu0snccs <n *c)c h c *<ndu*s% )*s0sndu"& )c Db0nul <n *"b .s ch )c C*ch b*ul% 4s"n hl h ch )c S.b+/s b*ul +u: dhc+ h.s ch )c dc./snb/+3s b*ul% 0<snc ch )c sl+/s b*ul +u.

PUNCTUL & Cu0)+nc4 c c< dc 0h*c 3s"h* 2s 2bs 2c*scs*ch dhc+ hs 2s 2bs dc 2h3+ cu c*cdsn3h cc"b dbb<ndc4 s lh hsnh hsu)*h c+*csh 0cds c.s. Cu c< + c/lh/sc c"hs )*cg+ s 4s cu c< + bucu*sc hs hsss hQ C+cs dhc+ c"h* *c.s <ngc*ul
<n nbh) ch cch /bsbhs+ h nh4 c*ss% cu c< + s<*gusn3+ c"hs sculh% cu c< d*hg hs dh 2ugh s+ c bucu*s dc
P*uncul Du0nc.cu n+scu Q Cu0 hs )*sndc )*slcDul dc h"& /cdch 4s cbn c0)lh <n2+4h <n scu ccc )c" hcclh ch*c nu <nch)c"n cc*u*s: culch )c )hsc. )c"hcclh ch*c s + <n *c )cnc dc hc*u/s0s% )l<ng<nd bucu*sh <ngc*slb*Q s dc .suh T+sc*ss"<0)*cDu*% cu0 /cs <nsb3s cu lhc*s0slc hlc )scu*ss lus dc s<ngc: cu c< + 0<ng<sc*c c /cs bucu*h dc *+s s0)ul dc Cc* dc )c Thbb*% cu0 /cs 0<ncch <n ds0snch3h <n/sc*ss <n b/+*+4sh )c*lh cs hu*b*c /s*gsnhlc% ch s+ /c.s *+s+*snd sbh*clc glb*sbs <n *c *u0cnclslc /bsbhsc hlc *+nslb* shlcQ Cu cc cu*+3sc c/lh/sbhs+ c"hs <nh*0h ch s+ u*cs )c 0un c <n .suh *su02+ bh*cs <n+l3+*s h Db0nulus 4s cu0 c"h* 0hs )u* h sns0h du)+ ssnc <n ccn *ul cc*csc: cu c< + <nc<n h*c hs )*b2s h dc bh c hccs c )*slcDu*s: cu c< + <n2l+c+*h*c hs hsss h lh bh c hccs c hsncQ <n c3c4 c"3s. dh*% c*cdsn3h 4s )*scc)c c+ hcclh4s Db0n% <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h % )c ch*c l"hs /cdch 4s dc ch*c c"hs bucu*h hcblb% )c Cl <nsu4s <n )c*sbhn+ <l hs hscs. <n hccs )*chs2<n Shc*h0cn % 4s dhc+ hcblb <n *"b scslc% hscs <n Hl h*: dhc+ hcblb <n2+4h <n scu ccc% hscs <n *c hccsdcn c: hcblb g*+un c <n )hsc% hscs 0<nc<ndu"3s"& <0)+* +4s : dhc+ )c Thbb* l"hs /cdch <n/c40<n h <n .+)hd+% hscs <0b*+ch <n hlbs0c: dhc+ lh <n+l3h*c 3s l"h* hcb)c*s un nb*% hscs 3s"& hscundc b Bs sc. S<*gusc4 c s+ c )*cg+ c4 s cu hccch4s c/lh/sc% dcbh*ccc *chls h ch c hccch4s: <n c3chsc+"3s"sc c*cdsn3h 4s 3s sc /h *c.s ss03s*ch: c*chsc+% h4hdh*% <n snc <n2l+c+*h*ch )c 0+su*h 2c*scs*ss hlc. PUNCTUL 7 Cu0)+nc4 c cu cc dusb4sc bucu*bhs+ hs sn *h <n S hulul dsn Bc lcc0% )c c< dc gbl dc 0bbslc scu0)c% )c"h < dc )lsn dc 0<n"g<sc*s. Cu c< + /cnc*h3sc d*+g+s bhs+ c"hs h)*b)sh dc scslc 4s"hs 2s <ndusb4h dc Du0nc.cul <nb0cns : cu c< + g*sD+ s"hs s h <n )*chD0+: cu c< + h2cc3sunc c"hs bucu*h dc clQ s nc0ul3u0sndu" c s+"& )*s/c4 s% c"hs h)*b)sh ch s+"& h sngs 4s s+"& <0b*+3s4c.s% )*unc gsngh4% sh* u <ndusb4h . <n c3c4 c"3s% dh*% c*cdsn3h% <nsu2lc3c4 c"3s <nc*cdc*ch 0blc4s + 4s h)*b)sc" c h.s% dhc+ nu dc scslc% dc Hl h*. Nu c 0ul3u0s s+"& s+*u3s 4s s+"& s *<ngs <n b*h3c% cs s+"& 0+n<ncs. Sn2+4u*+"& <n bhsc*slc sns0ss 4s s *<ngc"& chsh* <nl+un *ul )sc) ulus +u: dhc+ lh T+sc*ch"<0)*cDu* l"hs /cdch /+*s<nd )c*lc <n lhc*s0s 4s *ubsnc <n s<ngc% *+scu0)+*h*c )*c3sbhs+ h su2lc ulus +u% cu0 c"h* 0hs cu)*sndc 0slhQ K+*+ <ndbshl+ c+ hcch sns0+% ch*c <n *ccc dsh0hn ul <n +*sc% s"h* <n0ush dc s<ngclc Msclu4clulus *+ns % )<n+
c<nd s"h* dss slh <n 2*<n u*s )*sn bchs. Culcgc h.s nu dbh* c< c/h )sc+ u*s dsn s<ngclc lus% ch h uncs% cs )c b <n sns0h h% 4s dhc+ hcblb <ncc*cs s+"& lsns4 c4 s% s *<ng<ndu"& lh )sc) % )unc"3s"& hs +.s chsh* <n cl. Dhc+ )c Thbb* hs lc4snh c<nd l"hs /cdch Sbh*c hl 2*u0usc3ss 4s ccl 0ul l"hs )*s/s dc dc)h* c% cbn c0)l+"& h.s dc h)*bh)c: 2sc )sc) ul +u un Thbb*% sh* sns0h h Cb* ul% cCclh0<nd cu S2<n ul Pc *u? >Dbh0nc% hscs s<n c0 <n *"hdc/+*% Tu <n 0snc 4s cu <n Tsnc." Hscs <3s s + lh dss)b.s3sc <n/sh : /snb% <n b/+*+4sh Mhscss Kccsbh*c% s+ c bucu*s dc *hndh2s*ss 0s*cs0h3s hs *+nslb* shlc% s+ *ccunb4 s% )*sn +sc u*slc 2sc*ulus <n ch*nc% hd<ncu*slc du0"nc.cs*ss% 4s nu"3s <ng+dusc dbh* s+"& h sngs 4s s+"& hdb*s% cs 4s s+"& )us <n )sc) ul +u. B)*c4 c"& hscs% lh 2cl dc sl+/s cu0 sc"n+l3h lh Cc*% 4s cbndu"& <n sns0h h% c+cs nu 3s sc /h s+l+4lus ch hcblb% cs"3s /h sn *h"n *+*unchs *su02+ b*: 2sc"3s )sc) ul un cc*% *c.c4 c"3s c*cdsn3h 4s /cs <0)*bs)+ h sh/u*h*ch u u*b* hccs b* hsnc% c+cs h uncs c<nd c cu0snccs% )c Db0nul <nsu4s% <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h % <l hs hscs% <n bc0hs cu0 l"hs /cdch 4s c" hs bucu*h dc Cl <n bh c hccs c <0)*cDu*+*s. PUNCTUL 6 S<*gusc4 c s+ scb3s )*sn hcchs + Cb0unsunc bh c 2blbhsclc )c ch*c lc"hs scbh c dhc+ c"hs h2lh dc 2h3+ lh hsnh cclcb*h + 4s% dc /*c0c cc"& hs )c hcclh4s Db0n% <n chs) *chl 4s cu hdc/+*h % )c ch*c l"hs h/ch hcblb% cc*c"s hcclch4s 0slbs cnss: <n/h3+ s+ cc*s cus 4 sc h < dc bsnc s+ dch. Cu cc h0sn s*c hs *+0<nc dhc+ l"hs /cdch )c Du0nc.cul 4s Db0nul +u 4s c"hs bucu*h dc Cl <n b*sch*c dsn *c hsnclc hccs chQ Ksc"3s% )*sn u*0h*c% lh 2cl dc 0h*c bucu*sh% dc /*c0c cc 0h*c <3s c 2c*scs*ch. Cc n"hs 2hcc h uncs ch s+ 3s"b )b/cs c4 sO H*h +"3s *ccunb4 sn3h hcu0% c+cs nu 3s"c s0)us+ +cc*ch% ch H)bs blslb* )c 0un clc Thbb*% cs <3s c chc0h + c/lh/sh <n *u lhudclc ds/snc. >Cc s+"s dhu cu Db0nulus = s)unch P*b2c ul *cgc = <n schs0bul h < b* 0slbs cnssO" Pb s* )cn *u Pb s*% 2sc hcchs + Cb0unsunc 0ul3u0s*c )cn *u cch *ccu +% h4h cu0 hccch h 2bs b*<ndus*c )cn *u hcchs h. Csnc"h* 2s <n s h*c s+ c
scbh + dsn s hul% b dh + <n+un *u cu )+s b*ssO Csnc bh*c s+ c cbbbh*c dc )c 0un c cu uccnscssO Csnc s+ c duc+ dc lh 0b*0<n cu M+*sslcO Hscs hs bh c hccs ch <n Hl h*% 4s chsh* 0hs h)*bh)c% hdsc+ <n )sc) ul +u: lsns4 c4 c" c <n 0cds h3sc 4s s +*usc <n *u l+udh*ch 4s )*bsl+/s*ch Db0nulus. H0sn.
(5A CUMSNCCTBRUL

J"Dcsnc h* 2s% dh* )*ch lung% s+ )*cg+ c4 s c< c b 0cds h3sc s)ccshl+% ch s+ c cu0snccs dc s+*b+ bh*ch 2scc+*us S2<n : 2scch*c /h )u ch dccs s+"4s hlchg+ dsn *c cclc )*b)usc )c cch 0hs )b *s/s + .slcs 4s /sc3ss S2<n ulus: dhc+ <ns+ cus/h s s"h* )+*ch c+ s"h* cu0sncch <n chs) 0hs c/lh/sbs <n c0csul unus g<nd 0hs h)*b)sh dc hcch s+*b+ bh*c% /h hlcgc h uncs un 0b0cn shu b <0)*cDu*h*c dsn /sh3h S2<n ulus h*0bns.h + cu Cb0unsunch 4s b /h dss)unc sub 2b*0+ dc 0cds h3sc% )*ccu0 u*0ch.+? PUNCTUL & G<ndc4 c" c lh /*cun hh <* h)h* c )c ch*c s &"h 2+cu Db0nul hccs us S2<n : bun+bh*+% dhc+ *cbusc s+ c cu0snccs dc .suh S2<n ulus Shcbb ccl Mh*c% cu0)+nc4 c cu0 &"h luh C*ss bs cu ssnc )c 0un clc Thbb* 4s s"h <0)+* +4s slh/h sh: <n bh*cc" c h)bs 4s g<ndc4 c" c cu c< 0hs 0h*c c hh <*ul )c ch*c 3s= & hcb*d+ 3sc Db0nul% dc /*c0c cc nu dbh* <3s <ng+dusc s+"s 2ss hl+ u*s% cs sn *+"n )sc) ul +u: s<*gusc4 c% h4hdh*% s+ c )*cg+ c4 s% s0s <ndu"& )c S2<n % cu /s* u3s ncbbs4nus c% ch s+ dbb<ndc4 s hh <*u*s h < dc dcbscbs c. Pc S2<n ul Mh cs &"h chc0h ch s+ 0ch*g+ <0)*cun+ lh cl hchs+ 4s s"h l+sh )b2 s dc cl: )c snc c chch0+ h.s Db0nul <nsu4s% sn *+"n )sc) ul +u 4s c <0bsc cu *u)ul s+u )*c3sbs. Pc S2<n ul Ksls) &"h <n *cbh dc undc h* )u ch 2hcc *bs dc )<snch )cn *u ccs csncs 0ss dc bhs)c3s: )c snc nu c )unc <n ds2scul h c% cs <3s b2c*+ )<snch Cc*ulus. Cc bucu*bs s"h ss03s S2<n ul Hnd*cs c<nd &"h /+.u )c Db0nul 4s &"h hu.s )c Sbhn Bb c.+ b*ul s)un<nd? >Sh +"& )c Msclu4clul Db0nulusQ" S"h dus nu0hsdcc< du)+ cl 4s &"h <n *cbh undc lbcusc4 c: hscul + cu0 4s 3sc <3s s)unc hcclh4s luc*u )*cb ul c<nd /ss 4s"& 0+n<ncs chsh* )c Msclul Db0nulus. Bucu*+" c dc nb*bcul +u ccl bun dc .suh S2<n ulus Mh cs 4s )*cg+ c4 c" c ch un /hs hlcs dc .suh S2<n ulus H)bs bl Ph/cl% dcbh*ccc *cbusc s+ )b*3s <n )sc) ul +u nu dbh* nu0clc% cs 4s *u)ul Db0nulus: s<*gusc4 c% h4hdh*% s+ c )*cg+ c4 s )*ccu0 hcc4 s d*c)3s% c+cs dhc+ cs hu 2+cu "b ch s+ )*s0chsc+ hh <*u*slc Db0nulus% u )c Db0nul <nsu4s% s./b* hl u u*b* 0slbs cnsslb*.
MCDSTHSH (8 477
PUNCTUL 7 Cu0)+nc4 c cu0 hu )*c3us S2sn3ss hcc4 sh bun+/bsn3clc Db0nulus 4s cu0 hu 4 su h lc dbb<nds: cunbh4 c hh <*ul h < dc ncbbs4nus )c ch*c 3s"& 2hcc h.s% <n/h3+ s+ c bucu*s dc cl 4s s+ 2ss *ccunbsc+ b*: <ncsngc" c% h4hdh*% <n 2bcul subs*ss% ch Lhu*cn3su% 4s /c.s c+ dhc+ cl 4s"h cb) *u)ul )cn *u 0hsh lus Du0nc.cu% h.s Db0nul <4s cbhcc *u)ul lh 2bcul subs*ss )cn *u h*hnh h. Dhc+ Sgnh3su sc cbnssdc*h g*<u 0+csnh <n *c cbl3ss 2sh*clb*% ch s+ 2sc )<snc hlb+ 4s cu*h +% Db0nul 3s sc d+*usc <n chs) dc )<snc 0+csnh + <n Ph s0slc shlc 4s cbh) + <n subs*c. Dhc+ S2<n ul Bh* blb0cu 4s"h sc*/s lh bs)+3ul ccl /c4nsc *u)ul Du)us % Db0nul <3s <n2+3s4ch.+ ch 0<hch*c *u)ul s+u% <n/snc3s b 4s *+ns : dhc+ S2<n ul Shcbb c*h cbns<ngchn cu H*ss bs 4s 2bh* c hsc0+n+ b* lus% 4s u c4 s cbns<ngchn hl Db0nulus% dc /*c0c cc c h*+nc4 s cu ch*nch 4s s<ngclc lus: chu + s+"s 2ss hsc0cnch <n b ul 4s chsh* s+ 2ss unul 4s hcclh4s luc*u cu Cl. Dhc+ S2<n ul Sbss2 h 2bs ccl s)b*s <n hh <*u*s% ccl c*cscu <n 2c*scs*s% )cn *u c+ &"h )u* h dc"h < ch b*s <n b*h3c )c P*uncul Du0nc.cu% u% ch*c"& scs <n gu*+% <l )+s *c.s <n )sc) % c*c.s <n dcs+/<*4s*c ch 4s <n hh <*. S2<n ulus Luch s"h <ng+dus s+ 2hc+ b cb)sc% 3sc chsh* b*sgsnhlul: <n s)+*c4 c"3s"& )c b+sc*slc sns0ss hlc. PUNCTUL 6 Tb3s S2sn3ss hcc4 sh hu hdus 0ul3u0s*s ncbbs4nus c Db0nulus )cn *u bsnc2hcc*s h < dc ncbbs4nus c: c2hn h s *sgh c<nd &"h /+.u )c C*ss bs h)+*<nd <n )scsbh*c <n sndclc Cc*ulus: u s.bucnc4 c <n lhudc c+"& /c.s chsh* <n )sc) ul +u: lhud+"& cu S2<n h Tc*c.h% 2ssndc+ Cl s"h c+s+ b*s cu su2lc ul +u 4s &"h <0)bdbbs cu gsu/hsc*clc scu0)c hlc /s* u3slb*. Dhc+ S2sn cs Cch c*snh s"h dh /c*sghc h dc hu*% 3sc )bdbhbh slh/cs. Us0c4 c" c cu S2<n ul Hugus" sn dc 2h) ul c+ hcch 0h*c s0cns+ h lus Du0nc.cu <nch)c <n g*bh)h cch 0sc+ h )sc) ulus +u. P*bsl+/c4 c"& cu S2<n ul Sgnh3su )cn *u ch nu nu0hs lh Rb0h% cs )*c u sndcns s+"3s 2sc bsnc/bs b* 4s )*sclnsc: ccl ch*c S2<n ulus K*hncssc s"h <n s)+*s s sg0h clc shlc% sh* S2<h ulus Bc*nh*d 4s"h h*+ h cbhs h% h.s 3s sc b2c*+ 3sc )c dc"h"n *cgul 4s 3s sc"n s)+*c4 c <n sns0+? <n/h3+ s+"3s *ccunb4 s hh <*ul 4s /cs 4 s s+"& )*c3usc4 s% s<*gusnd s+"& dbb<ndc4 s 4s s+ 0ul3u0c4 s )cn *u cl <n b3s /ccss. H0sn.
47$
C!MSNCC70BR!#

.Hsc0+n+ b* cu Mcds h3sslc )*b)usc hscs% )b3s 4s u s./bds hl clc% ch*c% ch bd*hslc hlc )*b)*scs hlc cugc +*s 4s )cn *u c+ c"hu cbs h 0unc+% bbs4nuscsc h *c.s b 0hs 0h*c c/lh/sc. Hs 2cl? PUNCTUL & G<ndc4 c" c lh d*hgbs ch cu ch*c un )*unc db*c4 c )sc) ul 0h c*n% cu c< + *</n+ sc n+)us c4 c lh cl% <s d+ ghcs 2bh0ch% <l sslc4 c h2cc3sunch% 4s hs 2cl )l<ngc 4s sc .bucsu0+ )<n+ c<nd <l dbb<ndc4 c. Cu hccch4s d*hgbs c *cbusc s+ db*c4 s 4s u s+ hDungs lh cu0sncch*c: )l<ngs% sus)sn+% gc0c% *bhg+" c 4s cc*c )sc) ul lus C*ss bs? 0h*c cugc h*c h lus Gu*+ dc Hu*. Psusc% ch )usul )clschnulus% du)+ )sc) ul s)sn cch hl Hu b*ulus /sc3ss hlc. S *sg+% ch )us4b*ul cb*bulus c<nd sc /cdc ls)ss dc *bu+ cc*chsc+. Pb2 c4 c% g<2<snd ch d*u0c3ul <nsc h % s./b*ul dc h)c /ss: chu + g*+un clc cb) % )*ccu0 2u*nscu3h cch hh*nsc+ 4s )*ccu0 c+3clul 2s*0s u*slc dc )<snc dc lh 0hsh s +)<nulus s+u? <n hccs 2cl c4 s dh b* s+ c )*cg+ c4 s% cu lhc*s0s 4s sus)snu*s% cu ss03s*s 4s s *+dhnss% cu *ug+csuns 4s ch.nc% )cn *u S2<n h Cb0unsunc% c+cs cu c< 0hs sn cnsc /b* 2s db*sn3clc cu ch*c /cs /cns% cu h < 0hs <0)lsns c /b* 2s *bhdclc )c ch*c lc /cs bb3snc. PUNCTUL 7 Cu0)+nc4 c *</nh cu ch*c 0sclu4clul ccl gsngh4 hlch*g+ s+ h)ucc 3<3h 0hscss shlc% cu c< + d*hgbs c *hgc dc ch% cu c< + )l+cc*c sugc dsn ch: /snb lh S2<n h Cb0unsunc cu b h < h s<*g du)+ nc/bsh h% cu b h < h )l+cc*c c< + cunb4 sn3+: d+ 2ugh cu su3chlh )usulus ch s+ csugulchsc+ bbbul dsn csbcul 0hscss shlc subs bh*c ch*c"l chch0+% *cculcg<ndu" c h)bs sub h*s)slc b*h3clb* lus C*ss bs <n snsc )c C*ucc. N+)us c4 c" c cu )l+cc*ch bblnh/ulus <nsc h hsu)*h )hhh*ulus cu lchc *+cb*s b*. H)*b)sc" c cu u4u*h*ch d*u0c3ulus *cbcgs dc 2bcul cc"& bc*b c4 c. Sh/u*ch.+% gus +% 0+n<nc+ 4s dcs2+ ch.+" c cu hcchs + )<snc cc*chsc+% <0bsn<nd )l+cc*ch cu c<4 sgul% <ncc*c<nd gus u*slc cclcs c 4s dbb<ndsnd <n0ul3s clc 2blbhsc.
MCDS0HDSH 51
(5'

PUNCTUL & Cbnssdc*+" c <nc+ dc )c hcu0% subs c 2*h c% )c )scsb* dc )lcch*c dsn /sh3h hcchs h 0u*s bh*c c+ *c cch /c4nsc+ 4s sh h0sn c c+% )cn *u b c+l+ b*sc h < dc lung+% c nc/bsc dc 0h*c )*cg+ s*c cu bh c cclc% <ndcbscbs cu hcchs + )<snc h /sc3ss% )cn *u )hsul 0b*3ss hlc h)*b)sh c. T*ccs dsn lu0ch hs h <n *" hl h% dsn )h ul dc hscs lh *sbunhlul lus Du0nc.cu? /c.s% h4hdh*% cu0 *cbusc s+ c <nh*0c.s cu b S)b/cdhnsc bun+ 4s dc)lsn+ 4s cu b 2sc*bsn c 4s s2<n h Cb0unsunc. >Scbhl+ dc 0+n<nc+ 4s bch = s"h s)us <ngc*ul )*b2c ulus Slsc =% c+ lung+"3s cs c chlch." Hscul + cu0 hcclh4s luc*u 3s"& s)unc 4s 3sc <ngc*ul unus bun duhb/nsc% ch*c c dc.h0+gc4 c dc )*s0cDdsh h? >Subs c 2*h c% <nhl3+"3s sns0h lh Du0nc.cu% dc lh
8B
(89 CUMSNCCTBRUL
c*ch u*s lh C*ch b*% dc lh )+0<n lh Cc*% dc lh cclc )+0<n c4 s lh cclc /c4nscc% nu 4 ss dhc+ c /cs 0hs *sdsch dsn )h ul hccs h% 0+n<nc+ bsnc% c+ c h4 ch) + un d*u0 lung 4s )*s0cDdsbs: /c.s c+ hs dc b+ u c+*+*s nc0hsb+ u c% +*10u*s nc0hs/+.u c dc snc% chu + s+ s+/<*4c4 s Cu0sncc+ u*h hcchs h ch 4s cu0 h* 2s cch dc )c u*0+% cu dcs+/<*4s*slc cclcs 2snhlc% )un<ndu"3s <n Dbc bh + c/lh/sh. Sh sch0h c+"3s scs *+0hs bun dc lh cu0sncc+ u*+: 2hc+"sc /+ds + d*hgbs ch h )cn *u hccs P*chs2<n Shc*h0cn )*sn dusb4sh cu ch*c <l )*s0c4 s )cn *u ul s0h
dh +: h3sn c4 c"3s hsu)*h hccs cs 3sn c bchss cc h < dc cu*<nd 3s sc /b* <nchsdc ch s+ nu 0hs /hd+ nscsbdh + <n /sh3h hcchs h 0u*s bh*c: 2sc ncscch c s./bh*c dc )l<ns hs +.s cclc cc 0<snc /b* *cbus s+ sccc: gu*h h% ch*c h < dc cu*<nd /h s+ sc <nchsd+ )cn *u h nu sc 0hs dcschsdc nscsbdh +% dcschsdc"3s"b h.s 4s l+*gc4 c"3s"b bsnc ch s+ 3s"b u0)lc dc dulcch3+ h*hnh hcchs h sh/u*bhs+: sh h0sn c c+ c 0hn+ hscuns+ 4s h*c s+"3s <ndulcchsc+ h0h*h b+u u*+ h 0b*3ss cc c"h0cnsn3+ dsn cls)+"n cls)+. S *sgc"3s ls0bh% cc*<nd sc* h*c% )<n+ nu sc ls)c4 c dc b dc cc*ul gu*ss: )sc) ul cc"3s *+gu4c4 c b 0hs *+u scbh + sus)snc dc du*c*c: sns0h cc"3s /h s2<*4s h < dc cu*<nd ch h*hn+ )cn *u /sc*0s h*+nchsc+"sc dsn T*u)ul ccl hdc/+*h hl lus C*ss bs% ch*c s"h nu0s )c ssnc /sc*0c hl )+0<n ulus: 0+*un hsclc hlc% cc"4s )sc*d cls)+ dc cls)+ *+su2lul /sc3ss% 0<ng<sc"sc cu hccs dccbc dc nc0u*s*c% 4s dsn <n *cgul +u% subs c 2*h c% u% ch*c <n scu* s0) hs s+ c dcs2hcs <n )ulbc*c 4s ccnu4+% s *+dusc4 c" c s+ c )*cschs0bs <n hccs Db0n <0)+* +4s % )cn *u ch <n 2clul hccs h Cl s+ d+snushsc+ <n snc 4s u <n Cl b /c4nscsc dc slh/+." PUNCTUL 7 <n c3c4 c"3s c*cdsn3h% subs c 2*h c% 4s g<ndc4 c c+ <n Bs sh hcchs h <l )*s0c4 s )c Db0nul% ch*c% )cs c c< c/h cchsu*s% h*c s+ c Dudccc Cl <nsu4s: Cl /snc hcu0h lh snc% 4s u c /cs ducc cu*<nd lh Cl: Cl c Db0nul ch*c <3s /h cc*c sbcb chl+ h0+nun3s + )cn *u bh + /sh3h h: dsn )h ul dc hscs /cs 2s )u* h <nhsn ch *sbunhlulus s+u ncc*u3+ b*: /c.s h4hdh*% c+ hcu0h c )b2 c4 c lh sc* h*c: dhc+ h uncs c /h <n"s)+s0<h h cu )cdch)sh cch <n2*scb4h +% hscs sc lhs+ 0s us 8A cu dh*u*s:
<n2+3s4ch.+"s sns0h h )bc+s + 4s )lsn+ dc *cg*c ul dc h"& 2s su)+*h : hscs <n/sngs cu lhc*s0s% dsncblb nu /b* 2s dc 2blbs nscs *ug+csunslc: h*unc+" c <n 2h3h *sbunhlulus 0slcs shlc% nu"& h4 c) h )c ccl hl d*c) +3ss shlc. Cuhh*ss sc sc nu0c4 c% ccch cc /*ch s+ .sc+ 0ul3u0s*c 4s sc* h*c: nu h0snh )<n+ lh ccl hl hs)*s0ss: hscs c <n chs)ul unus Mscl hn dc bKnd% <nc< <l 0+n<ncs% hcblb <n chs)ul unus lcu h < dc 2sb*bs% <nc< c /h s2<* cch dhc+ c /h g+ss /snb/h % hscs hcc 4s hscundc /snb/+3sslc% hcblb un+ 4s 2ulgc*+ nc<ndu*+*s. >H*unc+"s" c lh )scsbh*c dsn s0)% c+cs h < h c< <l h/c0 = .scc H)bs blul =% *cbusc s+ luc*+0 bsnc 4s s+ ncgu3+0 0<n us*ch nbhs *+ /c4nsc+." S0)lb*+ cu *cgclc )cns cn ? >Dbh0nc% sh* +"0+ du)+ 0h*c 0slh h 4s du)+ 0h*c 0ul3s0ch )+ch clb* 0clc" $Msscrcrc "cs, sccundu" "h#nh" "ssc3rsc!rdsh" tuh"). Bh c"3s )sc) ul cu /h0c4ul% .sc<nd? >Db0nul 0cu 4s Du0nc.cul 0cu% 2ss )*ssncsbs 4s bsnc/bs b* cu hccs )+c+ bs dc ns0sch" $D!"snc pr!pstsus cst! "shspcccht!ss). S *sg+ cu b*bul dsn Sc*shbn? >Dbh0nc% s+"3s /+d chs)ul )*ch2*u0bs )c ch*c 4s <ngc*ss db*csc s+"& /hd+" $D!"snc ut sdch"). M+* u*ssc4 c"3s g*c4clslc cu *sss)s b*ul? >Th +% dbh* nu 0+ )b3s +g+dus ch 2su% h0 g*c4s % *ccunbsc% lh cc* 4s <nhsn ch Th $Phtcr, pccch s sn chclu" ct c!rh" tc)B )*s0c4 c"0+ <n chsh h% g+schsc+"sc )cn *u 0snc un cbl3 <n cc*ul +u." S)unc h*c cu 2c0csh chnhncchnc+?% Jsus% Ksul lus Dh/sd"% dh* 0hs bsnc s)unc? >Ssusc% Ksul M+*scs cclcs 0slbs s/c% <ndu*+" c dc su2lc ul hccs h hl 0cu% c+cs dsh/blul /*ch s+ 0s"& chsnushsc+ $Scsu 1sss, Mhrshc, "sscrcrc "cs, Aush hns"h "ch "hlc h dhc"!ns! c-htur). >#hs% Dbh0nc% 0slusc4 c"0+% c+ /*ch s+ 0s"& <nghs +Q" Cc*c 4s *bhg+" c cu T<lhh*ul? >Dbh0nc% hdu"3s h0sn c dc 0snc% <lhh* 4s hl 0slbs cnsslb* hlc% hcu0 c<nd c4 s <n <0)+*+3sh h" $D!"snc, "c"cnt! "cs cu" cncrss sn rc#nu" tuu"). Bucu*+"0+% Dbh0nc% cu )*chdulcclc"3s *+s)uns? H!dsc ;hs +.sE "ccu" ;cu 0sncE crss ;/cs 2sE sn Phrhdss! $*n slh/h 0chE. H0sn. PUNCTUL 6 Hcu0% du)+ cc l"hs )*s0s )c hccs )*chs2<n Db0n <0)+* +4s 4s l"hs sn *bdus <n )sc) ul +u% cCclh0+% subs c 2*h c% cu s2<n ul b+ *<n Ss0cbn? Nunc ds"sttss scr u" tuu" D!"snc, sccundu" cr!u" tuu" sn phcc ;>Hcu0h <n *"hdc/+*% Dbh0nc hl 0cu% 0u*s"/bs 0<ng<sh % c+cs <0)+ch cu Tsnc"E. S)unc cu P*b2c ul *cgc? Sn phcc sn sdspsu" d!r"sh", ct rcAuscsch" ;>Hcu0% dh% Dbh0nc% db*0s"/bs 4s 0+ /bs bdshns <n )hcc 4s <n Tsnc <nsu3s"E.
4$2
C!MSNCC70BR!#
Dc lh Tsnc% <0)+* +4s % /bs 0c*gc lh Tsnc Ccl dsn Slh/+: dc lh un Du0nc.cu )c ch*c l"h0 )*s0s <n )sc) ul 0cu% lh un Du0nc.cu ch*c s+ 0+ )*s0chsc+ <n Cc*ul s+u% 4s% dc /*c0c cc hscs h0 hDuns s+ 0+ uncsc cu Tsnc )*sn Cu0sncc+ u*+% hcblb n+d+Dduscsc s+ 0+ uncsc cu Tsnc )*sn 2c*scs*c. Rc)c + cu S2<h ul Ph/cl? Msns s crc Chrsstus cst, ct "!rs lucru" ;>Mbh* ch cs c c<4 sgul 0cu% )cn *u c+ 0u*snd <n *u C*ss bs% /bs *+s lh C*ss bs"E. B2c*+"s su2lc ul +u cu S2<h ul c2hn? D!"snc Scsu, hccspc spsrstu" "cu" ;>P*ch"dulcc Ssusc% 4s 0hs cu sch0+ lh cchsul hccs h% Ssusc 4s M<n us b"*ulc hl 0cu% )*s0c4 c"0s duhul"E. S)unc dc hsc0cnch chsh* cu Ssus? Phtcr, sn "hnus tuhs c!""cnd! spsrstu" "cu" ;>P+*sn c )*chsubs b*% <n 0<snslc hlc <nc*cdsn3c. duhul 0cu"E: dsn clc h )lcch % lh clc *cbusc s+ sc <n bh*c+. Hu.s cc"3s *+s)undc? N!ss ts"crc, c#! pr!tcct!r tuus su", ct "crccs tuh "h#nhns"ss ;>Nu c c0c% sh +% hscs s<n Cu% bc*b s b*ul 4s s)*sDsnul +u% sh* bsnclc cc /cs )*s0s dsn 0<hh 0ch 0h*c 2s"/h <n bh c 2clu*slc"E: nu"3s )sc*dc <nc*cdc*ch dsn )*scsnh /snslb* hlc% dcbh*ccc 0slbs cnsslc 0clc s<n 0ul c: cc*c 4s 3s sc /h dh% hdsc+ sc* h*c% hh* 4s /c4nsc+ slh/+. PUNCTUL (
Du)+ h < ch hh <*u*s )*s0s c% )b3s <n *"hdc/+* hducc cu/cns clc 0ul3u0s*s? c<n + ch lcb+dh cc *hgc s+ 0bh*+% cu s)b*s + dusb4sc% 4s s+ 2sc b c<n h*c nbu+% <ncc)<nd"b hscs 4s u*0<nd"b <n /ccs hcblb% <n Cc*? Msscrsc!rdshs D!"sns sn hctcrnu" chnth!!. #c4nsc l+u"dh"/bs 4s /bs bsnccu/<n h )c un Db0n h < dc bun% 4s dhc+ nu 0hs c4 s <n s h*c cu ls0bh% /b*bc4 c cu sns0h: 4s dhc+ bu.clc nu 3s sc 0hs )b 0s4ch% 0s4 c"s"sc cs c+0+*slc 4s cu *c0u*c"3s"sc *+*unchss: )*c3usc4 c bun+ h ch cc 3s"h 2+cu "b Rcgclc Cc*ulus% c+cs h /cns Cl s+ c /hd+ )c snc% ch s+ 0c*gs h)bs u s+"& /c.s )c Cl hcblb: ch cs c .+lbg hl slh/cs% <ndh b*h u"s"h Db0nul: h /cns s+ sc dcs)h* + dc snc <0)+* +4s % ch sc0n c+ c subc4 c 4s c+ c /h )*s0s <n slh/+: h /cns lh snc hchs+ s)*c h c ducc u lh Cc*ul s+u. CCclh0+ cu S2<h ul Rcgc? Lhcthtus su" sn hss Auhc dscth sunt"shs, sn d!"un d!"sns s!s"us ;>B% cc /c4 s bunc 0s s"hu dh % c+ hs +.s *cbusc s+ 0c*g lh chsh Db0nulus 0cuQ"E. S2<*4c4 c s)un<nd /b*bclc bucu*bhsc cu ch*c 4s"h dh duhul s0c*s ul S2<n K*hncssc? Mc c-pcc3thnt susts d!ncc rctrs!uhs "sns ;>B% 0+ h4 ch) + cu* cnss cc*ulus ch s+ 0+ )*s0chsc+ <n dulcch lb* b/+*+4scQ"E: nu ssngu* /bs 0c*gc% cs /b0 0c*gc: su2lc ul 0cu /h 0c*gc <nsb3s dc P*chs2<n h Kccsbh*+%
MCDS0HDSH 51
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<"sslsrch. Mcds h3sh &. Sr!t!hrch <"sslsrss. Mcds h3sh 67% shu Mcds h3sh 66. Sk*ntul T!"h. Mcds h3sh (7. Du"snsch h .3h dsn Hd cnt. Mcds h3sh &9. Nh4tcrch D!"nulus. Mcds h3sh 66% )*b)*sc. Stsntul Jtckhn. Mcds h3sh (8% shu Mcds h3sh ('. Sk*ntul S!hn C hn#hclsstul. Mcds h3sh 7B% shu Mcds h3sh (9. Sksnss Pruncs nc sn! hs. Mcds h3sh 6B% su*ghsunul <n Cgs) . Du"snsch dsn Bcth h Crcsunulus. Mcds h3sh &5% )*b)*sc.
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('7
CUPRSNS Mcdsthsh %&. Ch s+ c cu0snccs ch lh un bs)+3 dcscb)c*s ......... 6'( Mcdsthsh %(. Ch s+"& )*s0c4 s )c Db0nul cu db*ul 4s bucu*sh s2<n ulus b+ *<n Ss0cbn......................................... 6'A Mcdsthsh %/. Ch s+"& )*s0c4 s )c Db0nul <n cclc *cs s+ls hlc su2lc ulus............................................................... 6'' Mcdsthsh %2. Dcs)*c bs)+3ul cclb* csncs )<sns% h)lsch S2sn cs Cb0unsuns............................................................ (9& Mcdsthsh :F. Dcs)*c 2hgu*clc lus Sh0sbn% h)lsch Shc*h0cn ulus ............................................................... (9( Mcdsthsh :%. Dcs)*c bs)+3ul lus Ss0bn lc)*bsul 4s dcs)*c )bc+sn3h Mhgdhlcncs% h)lsch c S2sn cs Cb0unsuns... (9A
Mcdsthsh ::. Dcs)*c bhsh cch )sc*du + 4s g+ss +% bs)+ h + cu P<snch Cc*ulus....................................................... (9' Mcdsthsh :'. Dcs)*c *chuh )*cg+ s*c h cclus hlungh dc lh bs)+3..... (&& Mcdsthsh :.. Dcs)*c 2c*scs*ch lus Mc2sbb4c % h4c.h lh 0hsh *cgclus% h)lsch + lh Cb0unsunc............................. (&( Mcdsthsh :+. Dcs)*c 2clul <n ch*c h hdus 0ul3u0s*s uccnscul subs % *c.c0h lh )sc) ul <n/+3+ b*ulus s+u............ (&5 Mcdsthsh :&. Dcs)*c bs)+3ul *cgclus H* hCc*Cc......................... (&' Mcdsthsh :(. Ch s+ hDungs h"& )*s0s )c Db0nul hdb*<ndu"& cu ccs *cs *cgs 4s <nchsn<ndu"s dh*u*slc lb*................. (77 Mcdsthsh :/. Cb0)h*<nd 0+*c3sh Db0nulus cu Dbsnscsh h........ (7( Mcdsthsh :2. Dcs)*c Csnh cch Mh*c% h)lsch + S2sn cs Cb0unsuns...................................................................... (7A Mcdsthsh 'F. Ch s+"& )*s0c4 s )c Db0nul ch )c b cb0bh*+ hscuns+ <n Shc*h0cn ........................................... (7' Mcdsthsh '%. Ch s+ hDungs lh cb0unsunc cu c/lh/sh cclb* dbs b*bs )c ch*c s"h lu0snh Db0nul.......................... (6& Mcdsthsh ':. Ch s+"& )*s0c4 s )c Db0nul h4h cu0 h 2bs g+.dus <n chsh lus Zhhh*sh................................................ (6( Mcdsthsh ''. Dcs)*c 2clul <n ch*c P*uncul Du0nc.cu nu h g+ss lbc dc g+.dus*c <n Bc lcc0% cu h)lsch3sc lh Cb0unsunc........................................................... (65 Mcdsthsh '.. P*s0snd P*chs2<n ul Shc*h0cn ch )c un bbb dc g*Nsss g*hnu0 2*u"0cn s" c c............................................................. (6' Mcdsthsh '+. Ch s+"& )*s0c4 s )c P*uncul Ssus% su*ghsuns <n Cgs) ul sns0ss hlc................................................. ((7 Mcdsthsh '&. Dcs)*c bs)+3ul dc lh nun h dsn Chnh Ghlslcss% h)lsch lh Cb0unsunc............................................ ((( Mcdsthsh '(. Ch s+"& )*s0c4 s )c Ssus Cb)sl )sc*du 4s g+ss <n c0)lu................................................................... ((5 Mcdsthsh '/. Dcs)*c bs)+3ul lh ch*c )c Db0nul l"hu sc*/s <ngc*ss <n )us su% cu h)lsch3sc lh Shc*h0cn .......... ((' CUPRSNS
('6
Mcdsthsh '2. Ch s+"& )*s0c4 s )c Db0nul cu *su02ul *h0u*slb* dc2snsc.................................................................. (B7 Mcdsthsh .F. Sc cb0)h*+ bunh <nclsnh*c h lus Sbhn 4s cch *ch h lus Sudh lh csnh Db0nulus..................................... (B( Mcdsthsh .%. Ch s+ c cu0snccs <n *"unus dsn c)ssbhdclc S2sn clb* Ph s0s........................................................... Mcdsthsh .:. Ch s+ c cu0snccs cu <ng+dusn3h dh + S2<n ulus Tb0h dc"h h sngc cbhs h lus C*ss bs..................... (B' Mcdsthsh .'. Dcs)*c bs)+3ul cclb* dbs uccnscs lh C0hus% ch s+"& )*s0c4 s )c Db0nul ch d*u0c3............................. (A7 Mcdsthsh ... Ch s+"& )*s0c4 s )c Db0nul <0)*cun+ cu Mhgdh" lcnh% ch )c g*+dsnh*ul su2lc ulus +u..................... (AB Mcdsthsh .+. Ch s+"& )*s0c4 s )c Db0nul ch )c Rcgc% Ms*c% Mcdsc% C+)s hn% Judcc+ b*% P+s b* 4s <n/+3+ b*..... (A8 Mcdsthsh .&. Ch s+"& )*s0c4 s )c Db0nul ch )c C*ch b*ul% S.b+/s b*ul 4s Sl+/s b*ul 4s ssngu*ul Bsnc2+c+ b* hl +u......................................................................... (5& Mcdsthsh .(. Chs+ c cu0snccs <n bh c s+*b+ b*slc Db0nulus.... (56 Mcdsthsh ./. Ch s+ c cu0snccs dc s+*b+ b*slc S2sn3slb*............. (5A Mcdsthsh .2. Rc.u0h hl 0ul b* hl b* 0cds h3ss......................... (58 Mcdsthsh +F. Ch s+ )*s0c4 s P*chs2<n ul Shc*h0cn ch /sh sc .... (5' Th!lh "cdsthssl!r......................................................................... (8(
(B5

Mcdsthsh %'. Dcs)*c 0+*c3sh cu ch*c Sblb0bn h du*h c0)lul 4s 2hs ul cu ch*c &"h <nchsnh % h)lsch c lh Cb0unsunc........................................................... 68A Mcdsthsh %.. Dcs)*c s./b*ul dc h)+ /sc )c ch*c &"h dcschss Db0nul <n sns0h sh0h*sncnccs% h)lsch S2sn cs Cb0unsuns............................................................ 68' Mcdsthsh %+. Ch s+ c cu0snccs cu /cnc*h3sh sc*h2s0slb* dc l<ng+ *bnul lus Du0nc.cu.................................... 6'&
('7
CUPRSNS Mcdsthsh %&. Ch s+ c cu0snccs ch lh un bs)+3 dcscb)c*s ......... 6'( Mcdsthsh %(. Ch s+"& )*s0c4 s )c Db0nul cu db*ul 4s bucu*sh s2<n ulus b+ *<n Ss0cbn......................................... 6'A Mcdsthsh %/. Ch s+"& )*s0c4 s )c Db0nul <n cclc *cs s+ls hlc su2lc ulus............................................................... 6'' Mcdsthsh %2. Dcs)*c bs)+3ul cclb* csncs )<sns% h)lsch S2sn cs Cb0unsuns............................................................ (9& Mcdsthsh :F. Dcs)*c 2hgu*clc lus Sh0sbn% h)lsch Shc*h0cn ulus ............................................................... (9( Mcdsthsh :%. Dcs)*c bs)+3ul lus Ss0bn lc)*bsul 4s dcs)*c )bc+sn3h Mhgdhlcncs% h)lsch c S2sn cs Cb0unsuns... (9A Mcdsthsh ::. Dcs)*c bhsh cch )sc*du + 4s g+ss +% bs)+ h + cu P<snch Cc*ulus....................................................... (9' Mcdsthsh :'. Dcs)*c *chuh )*cg+ s*c h cclus hlungh dc lh bs)+3..... (&& Mcdsthsh :.. Dcs)*c 2c*scs*ch lus Mc2sbb4c % h4c.h lh 0hsh *cgclus% h)lsch + lh Cb0unsunc............................. (&( Mcdsthsh :+. Dcs)*c 2clul <n ch*c h hdus 0ul3u0s*s uccnscul subs % *c.c0h lh )sc) ul <n/+3+ b*ulus s+u............ (&5 Mcdsthsh :&. Dcs)*c bs)+3ul *cgclus H* hCc*Cc......................... (&' Mcdsthsh :(. Ch s+ hDungs h"& )*s0s )c Db0nul hdb*<ndu"& cu ccs *cs *cgs 4s <nchsn<ndu"s dh*u*slc lb*................. (77 Mcdsthsh :/. Cb0)h*<nd 0+*c3sh Db0nulus cu Dbsnscsh h........ (7( Mcdsthsh :2. Dcs)*c Csnh cch Mh*c% h)lsch + S2sn cs Cb0unsuns...................................................................... (7A Mcdsthsh 'F. Ch s+"& )*s0c4 s )c Db0nul ch )c b cb0bh*+ hscuns+ <n Shc*h0cn ........................................... (7' Mcdsthsh '%. Ch s+ hDungs lh cb0unsunc cu c/lh/sh cclb* dbs b*bs )c ch*c s"h lu0snh Db0nul.......................... (6& Mcdsthsh ':. Ch s+"& )*s0c4 s )c Db0nul h4h cu0 h 2bs g+.dus <n chsh lus Zhhh*sh................................................ (6( Mcdsthsh ''. Dcs)*c 2clul <n ch*c P*uncul Du0nc.cu nu h g+ss lbc dc g+.dus*c <n Bc lcc0% cu h)lsch3sc lh Cb0unsunc........................................................... (65 Mcdsthsh '.. P*s0snd P*chs2<n ul Shc*h0cn ch )c un bbb dc g*Nsss g*hnu0 2*u"0cn s" c c............................................................. (6' Mcdsthsh '+. Ch s+"& )*s0c4 s )c P*uncul Ssus% su*ghsuns <n Cgs) ul sns0ss hlc................................................. ((7 Mcdsthsh '&. Dcs)*c bs)+3ul dc lh nun h dsn Chnh Ghlslcss% h)lsch lh Cb0unsunc............................................ ((( Mcdsthsh '(. Ch s+"& )*s0c4 s )c Ssus Cb)sl )sc*du 4s g+ss <n c0)lu................................................................... ((5 Mcdsthsh '/. Dcs)*c bs)+3ul lh ch*c )c Db0nul l"hu sc*/s <ngc*ss <n )us su% cu h)lsch3sc lh Shc*h0cn .......... ((' CUPRSNS
('6
Mcdsthsh '2. Ch s+"& )*s0c4 s )c Db0nul cu *su02ul *h0u*slb* dc2snsc.................................................................. (B7 Mcdsthsh .F. Sc cb0)h*+ bunh <nclsnh*c h lus Sbhn 4s cch *ch h lus Sudh lh csnh Db0nulus..................................... (B( Mcdsthsh .%. Ch s+ c cu0snccs <n *"unus dsn c)ssbhdclc S2sn clb* Ph s0s........................................................... Mcdsthsh .:. Ch s+ c cu0snccs cu <ng+dusn3h dh + S2<n ulus Tb0h dc"h h sngc cbhs h lus C*ss bs..................... (B' Mcdsthsh .'. Dcs)*c bs)+3ul cclb* dbs uccnscs lh C0hus% ch s+"& )*s0c4 s )c Db0nul ch d*u0c3............................. (A7 Mcdsthsh ... Ch s+"& )*s0c4 s )c Db0nul <0)*cun+ cu Mhgdh" lcnh% ch )c g*+dsnh*ul su2lc ulus +u..................... (AB Mcdsthsh .+. Ch s+"& )*s0c4 s )c Db0nul ch )c Rcgc% Ms*c% Mcdsc% C+)s hn% Judcc+ b*% P+s b* 4s <n/+3+ b*..... (A8 Mcdsthsh .&. Ch s+"& )*s0c4 s )c Db0nul ch )c C*ch b*ul% S.b+/s b*ul 4s Sl+/s b*ul 4s ssngu*ul Bsnc2+c+ b* hl +u......................................................................... (5& Mcdsthsh .(. Chs+ c cu0snccs <n bh c s+*b+ b*slc Db0nulus.... (56 Mcdsthsh ./. Ch s+ c cu0snccs dc s+*b+ b*slc S2sn3slb*............. (5A Mcdsthsh .2. Rc.u0h hl 0ul b* hl b* 0cds h3ss......................... (58 Mcdsthsh +F. Ch s+ )*s0c4 s P*chs2<n ul Shc*h0cn ch /sh sc .... (5' Th!lh "cdsthssl!r......................................................................... (8(
(B5

Bilian Mokanu

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PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL

PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL

PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL

PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL

PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL

PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL

"hrclc Lud! sc6 Ludb/sc hls@"lch ccl S2<n .

PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL &96

PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL

PBLSTSCSHNUL DBN KCRNHNDB CHTBLSCUL

GPrsnulus d!n Bhlthshr Chrl!s5

J53$cJb$% Hnckth, pbr S' "c()* %+,+

CSTSTBRSLBR D!n Dsnccncs! 8uhn dc Lhsthn!sh

dsn Cr. ;<n ch)% @#S%

CC% @@SS 4s CCC*/E.

HSP KSRC S SNGCNSBZSTHTC79 Cl!#su

DCSPRC HUTBRSTHTC $N #BRB S"N KHPT78 Dsscurs hchdc"sc

rclsck hphrtc hl cr!ulus6 #c.s 2s*.% @S#% >Dcs)*c hsccndcn ul 2s*csc".

DCSPRC HUTBRSTHTC $N #BRB S"N KHPT &(5

HSSSP BM HL RBDRSS6( Hlc#!rsc

HS#P DCSPRC KSLBTSMSC Mc"!rsu ctrc Dssccrncrc

H#P BM CU CUNBTSNC HPLHUDHBSLCB5 Dsscurs hchdc"sc

BM CU CUNBTSNC HPLHUDHBSLC &B'

DSSCCRNTBRUL BM CU CUNBTSNC HPLHUD HBSLC &A&

H#SP NU KS SNCBNSCC#CNT Crstsc

HHRUL HL #SS"LCH C-cclhrc cu ntscthtc.%

HHRUL HL @S"LCH Cr!ul sh n cc h sc rctrh#c cnd s!hrth s c c4ts#t!hrc&F

Msnsstt l rc#hl6 Th h l+0hs <n s hdsul dc )bscc .

rclsck hphrtc hl cr!ulus6 #c.s 2s.% @S#% >Dcs)c hsccndcn ul 2s*csc".

)bccdhch ds/sn+6 s)c h"s 2hcc )c b3s s+ +0<n+ h cn3s 4s /sgslcn3s.

)+bu4csc 2ssndc+ ns0cns nu"nd+.nc4 c h /cns s+"s b)*chsc+. s "

H #H C@CCLCNTSSSS"'hS %b$h D.CSbsh Pbncc dc Lcbn%MhFuc2hdc #hlduc.h%! Ch0hch0h/bdclhRc!nh.% nuc2 hSc2sb*h.

<n/+lus dc ncguh hccsdcn clb <n sn s0s h ch +unchslb* +s.