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Contents
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Why dictionaries?
Q&A
Why dictionaries?
A craftsman who wishes to practice his craft well must first sharpen his tools.
Dictionaries help us learn new words. Dictionaries help us contextualize new vocabulary. Dictionaries help us build learner autonomy.
Which one?
With so many dictionaries on the market, sometimes it is simply baffling for the learner to choose one. Here are some things that needed to be considered:
Types of dictionaries Native dictionaries vs. learners dictionaries Monolingual dictionaries vs. bilingual/bilingualized dictionaries
Types of dictionaries
Paper dictionaries
Traditional; long-lasting and relatively cheap. Can be used as desk dictionaries.
Online/Computerized dictionaries
These dictionaries offer a vast amount of living examples, exercises and other language activities; they are also easy to use with user-friendly search engines and interface. Most of the online dictionaries are free. dictionary.cambridge.com; www.oed.com; www.ldoceonline.com; www.merriamwebstercollegiate.com; www.dictionary.com
Palmtop dictionaries
A big plus of palmtop dictionaries is that they hold a large amount of data in a small space, sometimes several paper dictionaries. The biggest problem lies, paradoxically, in their ease of use. Many students treat them as pocket translators rather than serious tools of study. BACK
Whats the difference between a native language dictionary and a learners dictionary?
Big&small
Example
Learners dictionary
noun 1 [U, C] a long pointed orange root vegetable.
Learners dictionaries
l l spelling pronunciation
meaning
l
l l l
meaning
grammar collocation register ()
Detailed grammatical information Attention to collocation Rich examples Information about word frequencies Explanatory notes
Examples
HELP
You cannot suggest somebody something:Can you suggest me a good dictionary? --Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary (OALD6)
Attention to collocation
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English (LDOCE4 2003) wind1 1 [] strong/high winds The forecast is for strong winds and heavy rain. | gale/hurricane force winds [] The light wind ruffled the water. rain1
1 [] heavy/torrential/pouring rain (=a lot of rain) There will be heavy rain in most parts of the country. | The light rain had stopped.
Attention to collocation
Knowledge (LDOCE4)
have knowledge acquire/gain knowledge (= learn something) technical/scientific knowledge in-depth knowledge detailed knowledge specialist knowledge (= knowledge about a particular subject) first-hand/personal knowledge (knowledge from experiencing something for yourself) ...
You need specialist knowledge to do this job. | [+ of] His knowledge of ancient civilization is unrivalled. | [+ about] the need to increase knowledge about birth control | Many of the students did not have much knowledge of American history. | salesmen with good technical knowledge of what they are selling ...
Rich examples
LDOCE4 contains the largest number of examples155,000 in all. On its CD-ROM there are 80,000 additional examples plus over a million corpus sentences.
Information about word frequencies In Macmillan English Dictionary there are also three frequency bands, but they cover about 7,300 words:
2300 very high frequency words 2360 high frequency words 2640 quite high frequency words.
680 words
1040 words
1580 words 3200 words 8100 words
Information about word frequencies How many English words do you have?
3000 talk about a wide range of everyday topics and read simplified English books
7000
14000
Explanatory notes
LDOCE4
Explanatory notes
LDOCE4
WORD FOCUS: words meaning CHEAP reasonable not too expensive | economical used about cars, systems, or methods that do not cost a lot of money to use | be good value to be well worth the price you pay | be a bargain to be very cheap
Explanatory notes
LDOCE4
GRAMMAR (just) in case in case is followed by the simple present, the simple past, or should: Write it down in case you forget (NOT in case you will forget). | I had a snack, just in case there was no time (NOT in case there would be no time) to eat later. | Heres a contact number, in case there should (NOT will/would) be a problem. []
BACK
Bilingualized dictionaries () are native language dictionaries with foreign language translation.
Which dictionary?
My advice (1)
Start by using a bilingualized English learners dictionary and switch to the latest edition of a monolingual learners dictionary.
Which dictionary?
My advice (2)
Do install a computerized dictionary on your PC.
Which dictionary?
My advice (3)
Better not to use pocket dictionaries and palmtop electronic dictionaries without examples. When you do use palmtop dictionaries, treat them with the dignity and respect a thick paper dictionary deserves.
Everything about him suggested a carefully dressed authority. Look up this word in :
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English (4th edition, 2003, LDOCE4) Cambridge Advanced Learners Dictionary (2nd edition, 2003, CALD2) And their respective computerized versions.
LDOCE 4
Layout All meanings listed under the same headword, each with respective synonyms
CALD 2
Layout The word has 3 entries, each with a different meaning with respective synonyms, verb endings, and word building
Definiti Simple enough ons Phrases incorporated into examples Others Smart thesaurus with all the synonyms and examples listed
Others Word origin, phrase bank, examples bank Language activator with synonyms listed under different contexts