INTRODUCTION

OBIECTIVELE CURSULUI DE LIMBA ENGLEZA

- NIVEL INCEPATOR -

1. CUNOASTEREA REGULILOR DE BAZA SPECIFICE LIMBII ENGLEZE

2. INSUSIREA APLICATIVA A NOTIUNILOR GRAMATICALE DE BAZA
3. ASIMILAREA VOCABULARULUI UZUAL DE BAZA
4. REALIZAREA UNEI PREZENTARI GENERALE
5. INTEGRAREA IN CONVERSATII SITUATIONALE

Gramatica limbii engleze

Spre deosebire de majoritatea limbilor cu origine indo-european, engleza este
o limb mai puin flexionar. Engleza este o limb care prefer structura subiect-verbcomplement i este un factor cheie n construirea enunurilor n vorbire. Cazurile
substantivului au disprut aproape, acestea sunt recunoscute mai ales de prepoziiile
care nsoesc substantivele sau de pronumele ce pot nsoi adesea anumite contexte.
Cazurile nu recunosc genurile ca n alte limbi, exist o deosebire ntre "he"
(pentru substantive de genul masculin) i "she" (pentru substantive de genul feminin)
dar n privina numelor de obiecte, fiine, acestea nu au genuri.
n privina verbelor, este interesant c n englez auxiliarele sunt foarte
importante n folosirea timpurilor i a diatezelor sau a construciilor interogative sau
negative.

Timpul verbal cunoate aspectul progresiv sau continuu, ceea ce este diferit de
celelalte limbi de origine germanic. Ceea ce este i mai interesant de observat n
privina verbului este c sunt dou categorii de verbe : regulate i neregulate.
Spre deosebire de alte limbi, engleza distinge ntre formele adjectivelor i a
adverbelor n sensul c adverbele au inclus particula "-ly". Exist multe cazuri n
gramatica limbii engleze care nu respect regulile de gramatic de baz dar care totui,
au fost acceptate n limba vorbit. Motivul pentru aceast situaie este c limba
englez este folosit att de mult pentru comunicare nct adesea nu conteaz cum ar
trebui s vorbeti ci cum se vorbete n general. Aa c vorbitorii de limba englez se
mpart n dou categorii: unii consider c engleza se schimb cu timpul dar este
guvernat de convenii iar alii care consider c vorbind astfel, ncalc conveniile
limbii.

CHAPTER I
THE HISTORY OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE

LIMBA ENGLEZA

Este o limb vest germanic care i are originile n Anglia, i care este n prezent
limba matern pentru majoritatea locuitorilor Australiei, Canadei, Commonwealthului
Caribian, Irlandei, Noii Zeelande, Regatului Unit i Statelor Unite ale Americii
(cunoscute de asemenea drept Anglosfera). Este o limb folosit intensiv ca limb
secundar sau ca limb oficial de-a lungul lumii, n special n ri ale
Commonwealthului precum India, Sri Lanka, Pakistan sau Africa de Sud, precum i n
multe organizaii internaionale.

Engleza modern este denumit adeseori lingua franca global. Engleza este
limba dominant pe plan internaional n domeniile comunicaiei, tiinei, afacerilor,
aviaiei, divertismentului, radioului i diplomaiei. Influena Imperiului Britanic este
motivul principal pentru rspndirea iniial a limbii mult dincolo de limitele
Arhipelagului Britanic. n urma celui de-al doilea rzboi mondial, influena economic i
cultural crescnd a Statelor Unite a accelerat profund rspndirea acestei limbi. ntr-o
zi obinuit de coal, aproximativ un miliard de oameni nva, ntr-o form sau alta,
limba englez.
Cunoaterea limbii engleze este necesar pentru angajarea n anumite domenii,
profesii sau ocupaii. Rezultatul acestei necesiti este c peste un miliard de oameni din
ntreaga lume vorbesc engleza mcar la un nivel de baz. Engleza este de asemenea una
din cele ase limbi oficiale ale Naiunilor Unite.

Istorie
Engleza este o limb anglo-frizian. Popoare vorbitoare de limbi germanice din
nord-vestul Germaniei (angli i saxoni), i din Iutlanda (iuii) au invadat ceea ce astzi
este partea de est a Angliei, n jurul secolului V d.Hr.. nc se dezbate dac vechea
englez s-a rspndit prin dispersarea vechii populaii, sau dac celii nativi au adoptat
gradual limba i cultura clasei dominante, nefiind exclus nici o combinaie a acestor
dou procese.
Indiferent de origini, aceste dialecte germanice s-au unit pn la un punct (nc
mai rmseser variaiuni geografice) i au format ceea ce astzi numim Vechea Englez.
Vechea englez se aseamn cu unele dialecte de pe coasta de nord-vest a Germaniei i
Olandei de astzi. De-a lungul istoriei scrise a vechii engleze, aceasta i-a pstrat o
structur sintetic mai degrab apropiat de cea a limbii proto-indo-europene, adoptnd
conveniile saxonei de vest, n timp ce engleza oral a devenit din ce n ce mai analitic n
natura sa, pierznd sistemul complex al cazurilor, i bazndu-se mai mult pe prepoziii i
ordine fix a cuvintelor pentru a transmite sensurile. Acest fenomen devine evident de-a

lungul perioadei englezei de mijloc, cnd literatura era pn la un punct redactat cu

variaiunile dialectale orale aproape intacte, dup ce vechea englez i-a pierdut statutul
de limb literar a nobilimii. Se afirm c dezvoltarea timpurie a limbii a fost influenat
de substratul celt. Mai trziu, a fost influenat de limba nord-germanic nrudit nordica
veche, vorbit de vikingii care s-au stabilit n principal pe coasta de nord i est, ajungnd
pn la Londra, n regiunea cunoscut ca Danelaw.
Cucerirea Angliei de ctre normanzi, n 1066, a influenat profund evoluia limbii.
Timp de aproximativ 300 de ani dup cucerire, normanzii vorbeau anglo-normanda, o
limb apropiat de Franceza Veche, ca limba oficial la Curte, n drept i administraie.
Un numr foarte mare de cuvinte normande s-au strecurat n engleza veche, n special n
domeniile legale i administrative, dar i n cuvinte din vocabularul de baz, precum
mutton (carne de miel) sau beef (carne de vit). Mai trziu, multe cuvinte au fost
mprumutate direct din latin sau greac, lsnd un vocabular paralel care a ajuns pn n
zilele noastre. Influena normand a dat natere la ceea ce azi se cheam Engleza de
Mijloc.
De-a lungul secolului al XV-lea, engleza de mijloc a fost transformat de marea
rocad a vocalelor, de rspndirea prestigiosului dialect sud-estic la Curte, n
administraie i n viaa academic, i de efectul uniformizator al imprimrii. Engleza
modern timpurie dateaz din perioada elizabetan.

Clasificare i limbi relaionate

Limba englez aparine sub-ramurii vestice a ramurii germanice aparinnd
familiei de limbi indo-europene.ntrebarea privind care este limba cea mai nrudit cu
engleza nu are un rspuns sigur. Aparte de limbi creole, cu mprumuturi din englez,
precum Tok Pisin, Scots (vorbit n special n Scoia i pri din Irlanda de Nord) nu este
o limb galic, ci face parte din familia de limbi englez : att scots ct i engleza
4

modern provin din engleza veche, cunoscut i ca anglo-saxon. Ruda cea mai
apropiat a englezei, dup scots, este friziana, vorbit n nordul Olandei i nord-vestul
Germaniei. Alte limbi vest-germanice mai puin nrudite sunt : germana, saxona joas,
olandeza i afrikaans. Limbile nord-germanice din Scandinavia sunt mai puin apropiate
de englez dect cele vest germanice.
Multe cuvinte franceze sunt inteligibile pentru un vorbitor de englez (dei
pronunia poate fi diferit), deoarece engleza a absorbit un numr mare de cuvinte din
normand i francez, datorit cuceririi normande i apoi unor mprumuturi din francez
n secole mai trzii. Drept urmare, o parte important din vocabularul englez este derivat
din francez, cu diferene minore de ortografie (terminaii, folosirea ortografiei din
franceza veche, etc.), precum i diferene ocazionale de semantic - aa-numitele faux
amis, sau prieteni fali.

Distribuie geografic
Peste 380 de milioane de oameni vorbesc engleza ca limb matern. Engleza este
astzi, probabil, a treia limb ca numr de vorbitori nativi, dup chineza mandarin i
spaniol. Cu toate acestea, combinnd vorbitorii nativi cu cei non-nativi, este probabil
cea mai vorbit limb din lume, dei pe locul doi dac lum n consideraie combinaia
limbilor chineze, depinznd dac variantele de chinez sunt considerate dialecte sau limbi
de sine stttoare. Estimrile care includ engleza ca limb strin variaz de la 470 de
milioane la peste un miliard, depinznd de standardele folosite pentru a stabili nivelul i
gradul de alfabetizare atins n limba respectiv. Conform unor surse, numrul celor care
vorbesc engleza ca limb strin este de 3 ori mai mare dect cel al vorbitorilor nativi.
rile cu cele mai mari populaii de vorbitori nativi de englez sunt, n ordine
descendent : Statele Unite (215 milioane), Regatul Unit (58 milioane), Canada (17.7
milioane), Australia (15 milioane), Republica Irlanda (3,8 milioane), Africa de Sud (3,7
milioane) i Noua Zeeland (3-3,7 milioane).ri precum Jamaica i Nigeria au de
asemenea milioane de vorbitori nativi ale unor dialecte care variaz de la o creol bazat

pe englez la o versiune aproape standard a englezei. Dintre acele ri unde engleza este
vorbit ca limb secundar, India are cei mai muli vorbitori, iar profesorul de lingvistic
David Crystal pretinde c, dac se adun vorbitorii nativi i cei non-nativi, India are cel
mai mare numr de oameni care vorbesc sau neleg engleza. Dup India se afl
Republica Popular Chinez.

Distribuia englezei ca limb matern pe ri (Crystal 1997)

ar

Vorbitori nativi

SUA

214,809,000[8]

Regatul Unit

58,200,000[9]

Canada

17,694,830[10]

Australia

15,013,965[11]

Ireland

4,200,000+ (Approx)[9]

Africa de Sud 3,673,203[12]

Noua Zeeland 3,500,000+ (Approx)[13]

Singapore

665,087[16]

Engleza este limb primar n Anguilla, Antigua i Barbuda, Australia (engleza

australian), Bahamas, Barbados, Bermuda, Belize, Teritoriul Britanic din Oceanul
Indian, Insulele Virgine Britanice, Canada (engleza canadian), Insulele Cayman,
Dominica, Insulele Falkland, Gibraltar, Grenada, Guernsey (engleza din Guernsey),
Guyana, Irlanda (hiberno-engleza), Insula Man (engleza manx), Jamaica (engleza
jamaican), Jersey, Montserrat, Nauru, Noua Zeeland (engleza neozeelandez), Insulele
Pitcairn, Sfnta Elena, Saint Lucia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Sfntul Vincent i Grenadine,
Singapore, Georgia de Sud i Insulele Sandwich de Sud, Trinidad i Tobago, Insulele
Turks i Caicos, Regatul Unit, Insulele Virgine Americane, i Statele Unite (diverse
variante ale englezei americane).
n multe alte ri, n care engleza nu este limba cea mai vorbit, este totui limb
oficial; acele ri includ : Botswana, Camerun, Fiji, the Federated States of Micronesia,
Ghana, Gambia, India, Kiribati, Lesotho, Liberia, Kenya, Madagascar, Malta, Insulele
Marshall, Namibia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Papua Noua Guinee, Filipine, Puerto Rico,
Rwanda, Insulele Solomon, Samoa, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Swaziland,
Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Este de asemenea una dintre cele 11 limbi cu
statut oficial n Africa de Sud ("engleza sudafrican"). Engleza este de asemenea o limb
important n mai multe foste colonii sau actuale teritorii dependente de Regatul Unit sau
Statele Unite, precum Hong Kong sau Mauritius.
Engleza nu este limb oficial nici n Statele Unite, nici n Regatul Unit.[17][18] Dei
guvernul federal american nu are limbi oficiale, engleza are statut oficial n guvernele a
30 din cele 50 de state constituente

Engleza ca limb global

Deoarece engleza este att de rspndit, a fost numit deseori limb global,
sau lingua franca a epocii moderne.Cu toate c engleza nu este limb oficial n multe
ri, este n prezent limba cea mai studiat ca limb secundar din lume. Unii lingviti
consider c nu mai este semnul cultural exclusiv al vorbitorilor nativi de englez, ci

mai degrab o limb care absoarbe aspecte ale unor culturi din ntreaga lume, pe msur
ce influena ei se extinde. Este, prin tratat internaional, limba oficial pentru
comunicaiile aeriene i maritime, precum i una din limbile oficiale ale Uniunii
Europene, ale Naiunilor Unite, i a majoritii organizaiilor atletice internaionale,
incluznd aici Comitetul Olimpic Internaional.
Engleza este limba cea mai studiat ca limb strin n Uniunea European (de
ctre 89% dintre elevi), urmat fiind de francez (32%), german (18%) i spaniol (8%).
[21]

n Uniunea European, o mare parte din populaie pretinde c poate conversa la un

anumit nivel n englez. Dintre rile non-anglofone, un procentaj important din populaie
a afirmat c poate conversa n englez, n urmtoarele ri : Olanda (87%), Suedia (85%),
Danemarca (83%), Luxemburg (66%), Finlanda (60%), Slovenia (56%), Austria (53%),
Belgia (52%), i Germania (51%).[22] Norvegia i Islanda prezint de asemenea o
majoritate de vorbitori competeni ai englezei.
Cri, reviste i ziare scrise n englez se pot gsi n multe ri de pe Glob.
Engleza este de asemenea cea mai folosit limb n tiine.n 1997, Indexul de Citare a
tiinelor a informat c 95% din articolele sale erau scrise n englez, cu toate c numai
jumtate aparineau unor autori din ri anglofone.
Dialecte i varieti regionale
Expansiunea Imperiului Britanic i - de la al doilea rzboi mondial - dominaia
Statelor Unite au avut drept rezultat rspndirea englezei pe Glob. Datorit acestei
rspndiri globale, s-au dezvoltat diverse dialecte ale englezei, precum i limbi creole
bazate pe englez.
Varietile majore ale englezei includ, n cele mai multe cazuri, mai multe
subvarieti, precum argoul Cockney n cadrul englezei britanice; engleza Newfoundland
n cadrul englezei canadiene; i engleza vernacular afro-american, precum i engleza
sud-american, n cadrul englezei americane. Engleza este o limb pluricentric, lipsit
de o autoritate lingvistic central, cum de exemplu pentru Frana este Acadmie

franaise; i, cu toate c nici o varietate nu este considerat cea standard, exist unele
accente care au mai mult prestigiu, cum ar fi RP - Received Pronunciation - n engleza
britanic.Scots s-a dezvoltat - n mare parte independent - pornind de la aceleai origini,
dar n urma Actelor de Uniune din 1707 a nceput un proces de atriiune, n care
generaiile succesive au nceput s adopte tot mai multe caracteristici din englez,
cauznd o dialectalizare. Dac este o limb separat sau un dialect al englezei (engleza
scoian) se dezbate n prezent. Pronunia, gramatica i lexicul formelor tradiionale sunt
distincte, uneori fundamental, de alte varieti ale englezei.
Datorit uzului rspndit al englezei ca limb secundar, vorbitorii de englez au
multe accente diferite, care de multe ori indic dialectul sau limba nativ a vorbitorului.
Pentru caracteristicile specifice ale accentelor regionale, vezi Accentele regionale ale
vorbitorilor de englez, iar pentru caracteristicile distinctive ale dialectelor regionale,
vezi List de dialecte ale limbii engleze.
Aa cum engleza a mprumutat cuvinte din multe limbi de-a lungul istoriei sale,
mprumuturi din englez exist acum n multe dintre limbile lumii, indicnd influena
tehnologic i cultural a vorbitorilor ei. Mai mule limbi creole s-au format avnd
engleza ca baz, precum jamaicana creol, pidginul nigerian, sau Tok Pisin. Exist
cuvinte n englez pentru a descrie diversele forme pe care le adopt limbile non-engleze
care conin cuvinte englezeti ntr-o proporie semnificativ. Franglais, de exemplu, este
folosit pentru a descrie limba francez vorbit cu multe cuvinte englezeti; se gsete n
Insulele Canalului. Alt variant, vorbit n regiunile bilingve ale Qubecului, este
numit FrEnglish.

CHAPTER II

GENERAL INFORMATION

10

11

12

13

PHONETICS
Vowels

AFI

cuvn
t

Descriere

monoftongi

i/i

Vocal nchis anterioar nerotunjit

bead

Vocal cvasinchis semianterioar nerotunjit

bid

Vocal semideschis anterioar nerotunjit

bed

Vocal cvasideschis anterioar nerotunjit

bad

Open back rounded vowel

box

Vocal semideschis posterioar rotunjit

pawed

Open back unrounded vowel

bra

Vocal cvasinchis semiposterioar rotunjit

good

14

u/u

Vocal nchis posterioar rotunjit

booed

Open-mid back unrounded vowel, Near-open central

vowel

bud

Open-mid central unrounded vowel

bird

Vocal mijlocie central

Rosa's

Vocal nchis central nerotunjit

roses

e()/e

Vocal seminchis anterioar nerotunjit

Vocal nchis anterioar nerotunjit

bayed

o()/

Vocal seminchis posterioar rotunjit

Vocal cvasinchis semiposterioar rotunjit

bode

Vocal deschis anterioar nerotunjit

Vocal cvasinchis semianterioar nerotunjit

cry

Vocal deschis anterioar nerotunjit

Vocal cvasinchis semiposterioar rotunjit

bough

Vocal semideschis posterioar rotunjit

Vocal nchis anterioar nerotunjit

boy

Vocal cvasinchis semiposterioar rotunjit

Vocal mijlocie central

boor

diftongi

15

Vocal semideschis anterioar nerotunjit

Vocal mijlocie central

fair

Consonants
Acesta este Sistemul Englezesc de Consoane, folosind simboluri ale Alfabetului Fonetic
Internaional. (AFI)

bilabial

labiodental alveolar postalveolar palatal velar glotal

dental

explosiv

p b

t d

nazal

flap

fricativ

f v

s z

16

t d

africat

sonant

aproximant
lateral

labio-velar
sonant w

17

18

19

CHAPTER III
ENGLISH GRAMMAR
3.1. SUBSTANTIVUL - THE NOUN
1.2. Felul substantivelor
Substantivele n limba engleza se pot mparti n patru categorii:
- substantive comune: cat, girl, lamp
- substantive proprii: England, London, Mr Smith, Mary
- substantive abstracte: beauty, love, courage, fear, joy
- substantive colective: crowd, group, team

1.2. Genul
Substantive de genul masculin sunt fiintele si animalele de sex masculin:
Ex.: man, boy, lion, dog
Substantivele de genul feminin sunt fiintele si animalele de sex feminin:
Ex.: woman, girl, cat, giraffe
Substantive de genul neutru sunt lucrurile, plantele, animale sau fiinte al caror sex
nu este cunoscut (pronume: it/they):
Ex.: world, peace, house, mouse, baby
Exceptii: tarile, navele, n majoritatea cazurilor si autovehiculele sau alte
vehicule sunt de genul feminin.
Substantivele de genul comun sunt o particularitate a limbii engleze.
Substantivele care intra n aceasta categorie au aceeasi forma pentru ambele sexe:
Ex.: child (copil, copila)
cook (bucatar, bucatareasa)

20

teacher (profesor, profesoara)

Unele substantive au forme diferite pentru genul masculin si cel feminin:
Ex.: boy - girl

son - daughter

husband - wife

father - mother

brother - sister

uncle aunt

dog - bitch

bull - cow

king queen
1.3. Numarul
Numarul este forma pe care o ia un substantiv pentru a arata ca ne referim la unul
sau mai multe obiecte sau fiinte.
- Singularul coincide cu forma de baza a unui substantiv: dog, girl, wife, world, storm
- Pluralul substantivelor se formeaza prin adaugarea unui s la forma de singular:
Ex.: cat+s=cats
day+s=days
world+s=worlds
- Pluralul substantivelor teminate n ch, o, sh, s, x se formeaza adaugnd es la
singular.
Ex.: church+es=churches

class+es=classes

bush+es=bushes

potato+es=potatoes

box+es=boxes
1.3.1. Pluralul neregulat
- Substantive terminate n consoana+y fac pluralul n ies:
Ex.: company - companies
factory - factories
baby - babies
- Unele substantive terminate n o fac plural prin adaugarea unui s:
Ex.: soprano - sopranos
piano - pianos

21

photo - photos
- Unele substantive terminate n f / fe vor avea la plural ves:
Ex.: leaf - leaves

Exceptii:

life - lives

half - halves

self - selves

wife - wives

wolf - wolves

roof - roofs
handkerchief handkerchiefs
gulf - gulfs
wharf - wharfs/ wharves

- Cteva substantive formeaza pluralul prin schimbarea unei vocale interne:

Ex.: foot - feet
man - men
tooth - teeth
- Pluralul substantivului child este children.
- Unele substantive ramn identice la plural : aircraft, deer, series, sheep, species, fish
1.3.2 Pluralul substantivelor compuse
- n cazul substantivelor compuse numai ultimul cuvnt va trece la plural.
Ex.: boy-friends

travel agents

Exceptii: substantivele compuse al caror prim element este man sau woman vor
primi semnul pluralului pentru ambele substantive componente.
Ex.: men drivers
women teachers
men servants
- n cazul substantivelor compuse formate din constructii de genul substantiv +
prepozitie / adverb + substantiv, substantivul de baza va primi semnul pluralului.
Ex.: sisters-in-law
passers-by

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men-of-war
- Abrevierile sau initialele vor forma pluralul prin adaugarea unui s
Ex.: MPs (Members of Parliament)
VIPs (very important persons)
1.4. Substantivele unice (uncountable nouns)
Sunt substantive care nu se pot numara (uncountable) deoarece reprezinta fie
unicate, obiecte puternic individualizate, notiuni abstracte.
- Nume de substante:

bread

cloth

coffee

glass

gold

oil

paper

stone

wood
- Abstractiuni: earth

help

horror

paradise

information

knowledge

nature

news

friendship

advice

beauty

theory

death

experience

literature

- Alte substantive: baggage

luggage

damage

parking

shopping

weather

reading
Substantivele unice sunt ntotdeana la singular si vor lua un verb la singular: Ex.:
This coffee is cold.
Nu sunt precedate de a/an; pentru a exprima o unitate din aceste substantive se
foloseste: some, any, no, a little, bit, piece of, slice of, etc.
Ex.:

I do not want any help.

This slice of bread is hard.

I need some information.

23

The piece of advice you gave me helped

3.2. PRONUMELE - THE PRONOUN
PERSONAL PRONOUN
Nominativ
I = Eu
You = Tu
He = El
She = Ea
It = El, Ea (pentru obiecte, lucruri neinsufletite)
We = Noi
You = Voi
They = Ei

Genitiv
Mine = Al meu
Yours = Al tau
His = Al lui
Hers= Al ei
Ours = Al nostru
Yours = Al vostru
Theirs = Al lor

Dativ

24

(to) me = Mie
(to) you = Tie
(to) him = Lui
(to) her = Ei
(to) it = Lui, Ei (pentru lucruri neinsufletite)
(to) us = Noua
(to) you = Voua
(to) them = Lor

Acuzativ
Me = pe mine
You = pe tine
Him = pe el
Her = pe ea
It = pe el, pe ea (pentru lucruri neinsufletite)
Us = pe noi
You = pe voi
Them = pe ei
3.3. ARTICOLUL - THE ARTICLE

Definitie: reprezinta un determinant substantival care contribuie la realizarea

intelesului unui substantiv intr-o propozitie.

Tipuri de articole:
Articolul Hotarat - THE
Articolul Nehotarat - A / AN
Articolul zero (forma implicita sau neexprimata)
25

Articolul hotarat THE:

Cand folosim articolul hotarat?
- Inaintea unui substantiv care a mai fost mentionat in textul respectiv:
Exemplu: A man knocked at the door and a girl opened it. The man was her father.
- Inaintea substantivelor care sunt unice:
Exemplu: the moon, the earth, the star, the sun, the air
- Inaintea numeralelor ordinale:
Exemplu: the first, the second, the third, the twenty-first, the seventeenth
- In realizarea superlativului:
Exemplu: the best year, the youngest girl, the most important, the fastest, the
tallest
- Inaintea substantivelor care reprezinta nume de colectivitati si institutii:
Exemplu: the army, the crowd, the government, the police, the parliament
- Inaintea unor nume proprii (nume de familie, muzee, teatre, ziare, hoteluri, etc):

Exemplu: the Browns, the Johns, the National Theatre, the Marriott Grand Hotel, the
New York Times, the Beatles
- Inaintea substantivelor care indica nume de locuri geografice, munti, fluvii,
oceane, mari etc:
Exemplu: the Alps, the Atlantic, the Thames, the Danube, the Red Sea, the Sahara

26

Articolul nehotarat A / AN
Cand folosim articolul nehotarat A?
Inaintea substantivelor care incep cu o consoana:
Exemple: a girl, a boy, a teacher, a family, a classroom
Utilizam articolul nehotarat AN:
Inaintea substantivelor care incep cu o vocala (a, e, i, o, u):
Exemple: an elephant, an apple, an interview, an onion, an action
Articolul nehotarat exceptii
- Folosim articolul nehotarat AN inaintea unui substantiv care incepe cu
litera "h", doar atunci cand este vorba despre un "h mut".
Exemple: an hour, an honour
- Folosim articolul nehotarat A inaintea unui substantiv care incepe cu litera
"u" sau grupul de litere "eu", doar atunci cand acestea se pronunta ca "you"
Exemple: a European, a university, a unit
Cand folosim articolul nehotarat A/AN?
- Inaintea unui substantiv concret nedeterminat si numarabil:
Exemple: A boy entered into the classroom.
The reporter took an interview.
- Inaintea unui substantiv concret cu functia de nume predicativ:
Exemplu: She is a teacher.
Ronnie is an elephant
Articolul zero

27

Nu folosim articol in urmatoarele situatii:

- Inaintea substantivelor care indica nume proprii la singular:
Exemplu: Paul is going to the school.
- Inaintea substantivelor care indica nume de tari, orase si limba acestora:
Exemple: France is a European country.
You speak English fluently.
Bucharest is the capital of Romania.
- In unele expresii invariabile:
Exemplu: by car, at school, in church, by train
- Inaintea substantivelor abstracte, care indica nume de culori, stiinte, arte, materii
etc:
Exemplu: health, dinner, lunch, breakfast, truth, green, gold, silver, Mathematics, Physics
3.4. PREPOZITIA THE PREPOSITION
Prepozitiile sunt in mod normal asezate in fata substantivelor sau pronumelor si
dupa verbe. Ele pot preceda verbele in -ing.Exista putine reguli referitoare la prepozitiile
limbii engleze. Foarte adesea utilizarea lor trebuie invatata pe dinafara.Prepozitiile creeaza
probleme considerabile celor care invata engleza, deoarece o anume propozitie care in
propria sa limba va cere o anumita prepozitie va avea in engleza o alta prepozitie.
Prepozitiile care urmeaza sunt impartite in mai multe categorii:

1. Miscare
1 . Miscare in sus / in jos :

down = jos
up= sus

Sam broke his arm when he fell down.

28

on = pe, in
off = in afara

 Joe has done well in his career; he's been promoted up to managing direct in just
four years.
Este destul de comuna folosirea structurilor-tip, precum:
up/down the street
up to/down to the supermarket
on/off a bus, bicycle, plane, ship etc.

2. Deplasare printr-un spatiu :

across
along
by

past
through
over

a. across = o miscare dintr-o parte spre cealalta, pe/aproape de o

suprafata.

It takes a long time to sail across the Atlantic.

b. along = de - a lungul
If you walk along the Champs Elysees you will eventually reach

the Eiffel Tower.

c. by = a se misca de-a lungul sau tn apropierea a ceva.

Last Sunday we decided to have a peaceful walk by the canal.

d. past = a se misca de pe o parte pe cealalta.

I'm sure I saw a thief move past the window.
e. through = printre
The gateway was so narrow that the truck driver had problems getting through it.
g. over = peste

29

 It's quicker to fly over the Atlantic than to sail across it.
3 Directii

around
at
away from
for

into / onto
out of
to
towards

a. around = miscari pe o traiectorie circulara (in jurul)

I went all around the house to find an open window.

b. at = la, catre
He looked at me as if I were a criminal.

c. away from = a parasi, a pleca departe

When I was a boy I ran away from school.
c. for = a se misca cu o destinatie precisa (catre, pentru)
He left for Glasgow very soon.
d. into = a se deplasa catre interiorul a ceva (inauntru)
They saw the explorer when he went into the jungle to hunt.

e. onto = a aseza ceva peste altceva.

The professor put his papers onto the desk.
f. out of = a iesi din ceva (afara)
The prisoner was let out of prison after a ten year sentence.

g. to = catre, la
Take these x-rays to the doctor; he wants to see them urgently.

30

h. towards = a se deplasa catre ceva sau cineva.

I think we should head towards the mountain.

De retinut!
1. You shout at somebody (cand esti nervos).
The teacher got angry and shouted at the pupil.
2. But you shout to somebody (cand vrei sa atragi atentia).
I shouted to Michael from my garden.
3. You throw something to somebody (cand vrei sa prinda ce arunci).
I shouted "catch!" and threw the keys to Louis.
4. But, throw something at somebody or something (cand vrei sa lovesti pe cineva sau
ceva).
Someone in the audience threw an egg at him.

4. Miscari comparative

after
ahead of'/in front of
behind

a. after = dupa
The shop-keeper ran after the boy who smashed his window.

b. ahead of/in front of = a preceda pe cineva sau ceva (in fata)

The Ferrari was ahead of/in front of the Williams the whole race

c. behind = in spatele

Don't walk too far behind the rest of the party.

31

2. Pozitie

3. Timp

above = deasupra
below = dedesubt
in = in
on = pe
under(neath) = sub
against = impotriva
around = in jurul
beside = pe langa
near / next to = langa
before = inainte
between = intre

about = aproximativ
around = circa
at = timpul exact
during = in timpul
until = pana
since = din, incepand cu

De retinut!
At se foloseste si pentru a face referiri la perioada din preajma sarbatorilor:
I always go skiing for a week at Christmas.
We like to go away at Easter.
In = o parte a zilei, luni, anotimpuri si ani.
I like to have a big breakfast in the morning.
It doesn't rain much in Greece in summer.
My daughter was born in 1988 and my son in 1990.

On = cu zile ale saptamanii/date/zile anumite.

The road works will start on Monday and finish on Wednesday.
I last saw him on July 4th.
The Queen's speech is broadcast on Christmas day.

32

4. Diverse

because = din cauza

for = pentru
with = cu, impreuna
without = fara
from = originea(din = from Italy)
like / as = ca (You look like / as Mark)
but = cu exceptia (I told everyone but yo

3.5. NUMERALUL - THE NUMERAL

3.5.1. THE CARDINAL NUMERAL

Cardinal Numbers

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

- one
- two
- three
- four
- five
- six
- seven
- eight
- nine
- ten

33

The Figure 0
nought - in general (British English)
zero

- in general (American English)

- in masurarea temperaturii (British and American English)
- in numaratoarea inversa (British and American English)
- scorul in jocurile de echipa, ex.football (American English)

oh

- cand fiecare cifra este rostita separat (ex. in cazul nr.de telefon etc.)

nil

- scorul in jocurile de echipa, ex.football (British English)

love

- in tenis

Table of Cardinal Numbers

Cardinal numbers from 1 through 1,000,000
1 one 11 eleven
21 twenty-one 31
2 two 12 twelve
22 twenty-two 40
3 three 13 thirteen 23 twenty-three 50
4 four 14 fourteen 24 twenty-four 60
5 five 15 fifteen
25 twenty-five 70
6 six 16 sixteen 26 twenty-six 80
7 seven 17 seventeen 27 twenty-seven 90
8 eight 18 eighteen 28 twenty-eight 100
9 nine 19 nineteen 29 twenty-nine 1,000
10 ten

20 twenty

30 thirty

thirty-one
forty
fifty
sixty
seventy
eighty
ninety
a/one hundred
a/one thousand

1,000,000 a/one million

Atentie!
- se foloseste cratima intre numeralul zecilor si cel al unitatilor
Exemple: 21 twenty-one; 99 ninety-nine
- se pune virgula dupa fiecare grup care indica miile
Exemplu: 1,222,351
- mentionarea conjunctiei and este obligatorie inaintea grupului zecilor si unitatea

34

finala
Exemple:
2,532 two thousand five hundred and thirty-two;
ten
1,250 - one thousand, two hundred and fifty
2,001 - two thousand and one

110 - one hundred and

- cifrele zecimale se citesc astfel:

2.4832 - two point four eight three two
- in cazul :100 ; 1,000 si 1,000,000 inaintea lor
100 - a hundred / one hundred
1,000 - a thousand / one thousand
201,000 - two hundred and one thousand

3.5.2. THE ORDINAL NUMERAL

the 1st / first = primul
the 2nd / second = al doilea
the 3rd / third = al treilea
the 4th / fourth = al patrulea
the 5th / fifth = al cincilea
the 6th sixth = al saselea
the 7th / seventh = al saptelea
the 8th / eighth = al optulea
the 9th / nineth = al noualea
the 10th / tenth = al zecelea
the 11th / eleventh = al unsprezecelea
the 12th / twelfth = al doisprezecelea
the 13th / thirteenth = al treisprezecelea
the 14th / fourteenth = al patrusprezecelea

35

introducem 'a' or 'one'

the 15th / fifteenth = al cincisprezecelea

the 16th / sixteenth = al saisprezecelea
the 17th / seventeenth = al saptesprezecelea
the 18th / eighteenth = al optusprezecelea
the 19th / nineteenth = al nouasprezecelea
the 20th / twentieth = al douazecilea

the 21st / twenty-first = al douazecilea

the 22nd / twenty-second = al douazecisiunulea
the 23rd / twenty-third = al douazecisidoilea
the 24th / twenty-fourth = al douazecisipatrulea
the 30th / thirtieth = al treizecilea
the 50th / fiftieth = al cincizecilea
the 100th / hundredth = al o sutalea

3.6. ADJECTIVUL THE ADJECTIVE

Din punct de vedere sintactic, adjectivele se mpart n trei categorii:
A. Cele mai multe adjective pot funciona n propoziie att atributiv, ct i predicativ,
adic pot fi aezate lng substantive (de cele mai multe ori, naintea acestora) sau dup
verbe copulative.
1. Cnd sunt atributive, adjectivele preced substantivul
ex.: a beautiful girl (o fat frumoas/ o frumoas fat)
Cteva adjective, ns, pot urma substantivul:
a) adjectivele n -a (de origine germanic)
ex.: an animal still alive (un animal nc viu)
the child asleep (copilul dormind);

36

b) puine adjective au sensuri diferite n funcie de aezarea lor fa de substantiv

ex.: the proper word (cuvnt corect)
the word proper (cuvntul propriu-zis)
the present government (actualul guvern)
the government present (guvernul de fa).
2. Cnd sunt folosite predicativ, ele urmeaz unui verb copulativ
ex.: the girl is beautiful (fata e frumoas).
Unele dintre aceste adjective pot fi folosite n loc de adverbe:
dup unele verbe copulative, ca: to smell (a mirosi), to taste (a avea gust de), to feel (a
se simi), to look (a arta, a avea nfiarea)
ex.: The soup tastes good. (Supa are gust bun). He feels strong. (Se simte puternic.)
She looks good. (Arat bine/ E atrgtoare.)
B. Alte adjective funcioneaz numai atributiv, adic pot fi aezate numai nainte de
substantiv. Ele sunt de mai multe tipuri:
1. adjective care ntresc sau slbesc sensul substantivului
ex.: (a) sure (sign) (un semn sigur)
(a) true (scholar) (un adevrat nvat)
(an) outright (lie) (o minciun sfruntat)
the absolute limit (limita absolut)
(a) complete (fool) (un adevrat prostnac)
(an) utter (folly) (o tmpenie cras)
a close friend (un prieten apropiat)
(a) slight (effort) (un mic efort)
(a) faint (smile) (un zmbet slab) etc.
2. Adjective care restrng sensul substantivului
ex.: (a) certain person, (o anume persoan)

37

(his) chief (excuse) (principala lui scuz)

(that) exact (building) (exact cldirea aceea)
(the) main (problem) (problema principal)
(her) only (argument) (singurul ei argument)
(that) particular (book) (cartea aceea anumit) etc.:
Adjective derivate din adverbe, ex.: (his) former (wife) (fosta lui soie) - formerly his
wife (pe vremuri soia lui), (an) old (friend) (un vechi prieten) -> a friend of old (un
prieten de demult)
NOT: Unele dintre aceste adjective pot aparine i clasei A, adic pot fi folosite att
atributiv, ct i predicativ, dar cu sensuri diferite
ex.: my old friend (prietenul meu btrn)
he is old (e btrn)
3. Adjective care provin din substantive
ex.: a criminal lawyer (un avocat criminalist)
(a) stone (wall) (un zid de piatr)
(an) atomic (scientist) (un savant atomist)
(a) love poem) (o poezie de dragoste) etc.
4. Adjective terminate n -en i n -ed:
a) adjectivele atributive n -en nu trebuie confundate cu participiile trecute ale verbelor de
la care provin i care se folosesc pentru formarea formelor verbale perfecte i a diatezei
pasive
adjective hi -ea

verbe

stricken (lovit)

to strike - struck - struck (a lovi)

drunken (but, beat)

to drink -drunk -drunk (a bea)

Ex.:
Bob has struck his brother on
the head.
(Bob i-a lovit fratele n cap.)

The stricken boy was lying on the

floor.
(Biatul lovit zcea pe podea.)

38

Adjectivele n -ed, pronunat ntotdeauna /id/ se deosebesc de participii att prin poziia
lor, plasate fiind naintea substantivelor, ct i prin pronunie, ex.:
adjective n-ed

verbe

blessed (binecuvntat)

to bless - blessed - blessed(a binecuvnta)

beloved (ndrgit)

to love - loved - loved (a iubi) etc.

C. Alte adjective sunt folosite numai predicativ. Acestea sunt aa-numitele adjective n -a
de orgine germanic. (Aici nu sunt incluse adjective de origine latin, cum ar fi alert
(alert), amusing (amuzant) etc.)
ex.: alike (identic)

ashamed (ruinat)

alive (viu)

awake (treaz)

asleep (care doarme)

Unele dintre aceste adjective au sinonime atributive cu acelai sens sau sens
apropiat:
Adjective predicative
The boy was asleep (biatul

Adjective atributive
A sleeping boy (un biat dormind)

dormea)
The snake was alive (arpele

A live/living snake (un arpe viu)

era viu)
The cat was afraid (pisica era

A frightened cat (o pisic speriat)

speriat)
The man was alone (brbatul

A lonely man (un om singuratic)

era singur)
Unele dintre adjective predicative pot fi folosite i atributiv, dac sunt precedate
de adverbe
ex.: The half-asleep child. (Copilul pe jumtate adormit)
The fully awake patient. (Pacientul treaz complet).

39

NOT: n engleza britanic adjectivul HI (bolnav), cu referire, deci, la sntate, se

folosete numai predicativ
ex.: She is ill. (E bolnav.)
n engleza american se folosete adjectivul sick, att atributiv, ct i predicativ cu sensul
de bolnav". She is sick nseamn E bolnav" n engleza american i i e grea" n
engleza britanic. Adjectivul UI, folosit atributiv, i n engleza britanic i n cea
american, nseamn ru", ex.: ill health (sntate precar), ill treatment (tratament ru)
etc.
3.7. VERBUL THE VERB
3.7.1. VERBUL TO BE
A FI - INDICATIV PREZENT
Afirmativ
I am = Eu sunt
You are = Tu esti
He is = El este
She is = Ea este
It is = El/Ea Este
We are = Noi suntem
You are = Voi sunteti
They are = Ei sunt
Interogativ
Am I ? = Sunt eu?
Are you ? = Esti tu?
Is he ? = Este el?
Is she ? = Este ea?

40

Is it ? = Este el/ea?(obiecte)
Are we ? = Suntem noi?
Are you ? = Sunteti voi?
Are they ? = Sunt ei?

Negativ
I am not = Eu nu sunt
You are not = Tu nu esti
He is not = El nu este
She is not = Ea nu este
It is not = El/ea nu este(obicte)
We are not = Noi nu suntem
You are not = Voi nu sunteti
They are not = Ei nu sunt
To make the verb "to be" negative simply add "not"to the verb and you
have:

I am no (I'm not)
You are not (aren't)
He is not (isn't)
She is not(isn't)
It is not (isn't)
You are not (aren't)
We are not (aren't)
They are not (aren't)

ATENTIE: in paranteze se
regasesc formele
contrase ale
verbului

3.7.2. VERBUL TO HAVE

A AVEA- INDICATIV PREZENT
Afirmativ

41

I have = Eu am
You have = Tu ai
He has = El are
She has = Ea are
It has = El/Ea are(obiecte)
We have = Noi avem
You have = Voi aveti
They have = Ei au
Interogativ
Do I have? = Am eu?
Do you have? = Ai tu?
Does he have? = Are el?
Does she have? = Are ea?
Does it have? = Are el/ea?(obiecte)
Do we have? = Avem noi?
Do you have? = Aveti voi?
Do they have? = Au ei?
Negativ
I do not have = Eu nu am
You do not have = Tu nu ai
He does not have = El nu are
She does not have = Ea nu are
It does not have = El/ea nu are(obiecte)
We do not have = Noi nu avem
You do not have = Voi nu aveti
They do not have = Ei nu au
I dont have
You dont have

ATENTIE:
42

 He/She/It doesnt have

formele contrase

We dont have

ale verbului

You dont have

They dont have

CHAPTER IV
ENGLISH VOCABULARY
4.1. CULORILE
THE COLOURS
ALB = WHITE
NEGRU = BLACK
GRI = GREY, GRAY
ROSU = RED
GALBEN = YELLOW
PORTOCALIU = ORANGE
ROZ = PINK
ALBASTRU = BLUE
VERDE = GREEN
MARON = BROWN
MOV = VIOLET, PURPLE
4.2.

FAMILIA SI RUDELE

THE FAMILY AND THE RELATIVES

43

PARINTI = PARENTS
MAMA = MOTHER, MUM/MOM, MUMMY
TATA = FATHER, DAD, DADDY
MAMA VITREGA = STEP MOTHER
TATA VITREG = STEP FATHER
COPII = CHILDREN
GEMENI = TWINS
FIU = SON
FIICA = DAUGHTER
SORA = SISTER
SURIOARA = BABY SISTER
SORA VITREGA = STEP SISTER
FRATE = BROTHER
FRATIOR = BABY BROTHER
FRATE VITREG = STEP BROTHER
BUNICI = GRANDPARENTS
BUNICA = GRANDMOTHER, GRANDMA
BUNIC = GRANDFATHER, GRANDPA
STRABUNICI = GREAT - GRANDPARENTS
STRABUNICA = GREAT - GRANDMOTHER
STRABUNIC = GREAT - GRANDFATHER
UNCHI = UNCLE
MATUSA = AUNT

44

NEPOT(I) = GRAND - CHILD, GRAND - CHILDREN

NEPOT DE BUNIC = GRAND - SON
NEPOATA DE BUNIC = GRAND - DAUGHTER
NEPOT DE UNCHI = NEPHEW
NEPOATA DE UNCHI = NIECE
VERISOR = COUSIN
NASI = GOD PARENTS
NAS = GODFATHER
NASA = GODMOTHER
FIN = GODSON
FINA = GODDAUGHTER
SOACRA = MOTHER - IN - LAW
SOCRU = FATHER - IN - LAW
NORA = DAUGHTER- IN - LAW
GINERE = SON - IN - LAW
SOTIE = WIFE
SOT = HUSBAND
CUMNAT = BROTHER - IN - LAW
CUMNATA = SISTER - IN - LAW
LOGODNIC(A) = FIANC, FIANCE
MIREASA = BRIDE
MIRE = BRIDEGROOM

45

ANEXA
FATA = GIRL
BAIAT = BOY
PRIETEN = FRIEND
COLEG (AMIC) = MATE

4.3.

CORPUL UMAN

THE HUMAN BODY

CAP = HEAD
PAR = HAIR
URECHE = EAR
FRUNTE = FOREHEAD
OCHI = EYE
SPRANCEANA = EYEBROW
PLEOAPA = EYELID
GEANA = EYELASH
FATA = FACE
PIELE = SKIN
NAS = NOSE
NARA = NOSTRIL
BARBA = BEARD
MUSTATA = MOUSTACHE
OBRAZ = CHEEK

46

GURA = MOUTH
LIMBA = TONGUE
DINTE = TOOTH - TEETH (DINTI)
BUZA = LIP
BARBIE = CHIN
GAT (CEAFA) = NECK
GAT (GATLEJ) = THROAT
SPATE = BACK
PIEPT = CHEST
PIEPT (SAN) = BREAST
PANTECE = BELLY
MANA = HAND
PALMA = PALM
BRAT = ARM
UMAR = SHOULDER

GLEZNA = ANKLE

INCHEIETURA MAINII = WRIST

CALCAI = HEEL

COT = ELBOW

TALPA = SOLE

DEGET = FINGER

STOMAC = STOMACH

UNGHIE = NAIL

CREIER = BRAINS

PICIOR = LEG (PICIOARE = FEET)

PLAMAN = LUNG

LABA PICIORULUI = FOOT

INIMA = HEART

DEGET DE LA PICIOR = TOE

FICAT = LIVER

GENUNCHI = KNEE

RINICHI = KIDNEY

47

4.4. ANIMALELE
THE ANIMALS
1. ANIMALE DOMESTICE (ANIMALS ON THE FARM)
CAINE = DOG
PISICA = CAT
PORC = PIG
VACA = COW
OAIE = SHEEP
MIEL = LAMB
CAPRA = GOAT
MAGAR = DONKEY
CAL = HORSE
BOU (TAUR) = BULL

2. ANIMALE SALBATICE(WILD ANIMALS)

LUP = WOLF
VULPE = FOX
URS = BEAR
LEU = LION
ELEFANT = ELEPHANT
MAIMUTA = MONKEY

48

VEVERITA = SQUIRREL
PORC MISTRET = WILD BOAR
SOARECE = MOUSE ( PLURAL = MICE)
CANGUR = KANGAROO
TIGRU = TIGER
CERB = STAG
CAPRIOARA = DEER
IEPURE = RABBIT
ANEXA
SARPE = SNAKE

PESTE = FISH

BROASCA = FROG ( TESTOASA = TORTOISE)

CROCODIL = CROCODILE

PAIANJEN = SPIDER

DELFIN = DOLPHIN

RECHIN = SHARK

FLUTURE = BUTTERFLY
GIRAFA = GIRAFFE
PINGUIN = PENGUIN
FOCA = SEAL
4.5.

PASARILE

THE BIRDS

GAINA = HEN

STRUT = OSTRICH

PUI = CHICKEN

PAUN = PEACOCK

COCOS = COCK, ROOSTER

VULTUR = EAGLE

49

RATA = DUCK

LILIAC = BAT

GASCA = GOOSE ( PLURAL = GEESE)

BUFNITA = OWL

CIOARA = CROW

VRABIE = SPARROW

CURCA = TURKEY HEN

CURCAN = TURKEY
PAPAGAL = PARROT
PESCARUS = SEA - GULL
PORUMBEL = PIGEON
CIOCANITOARE = WOODPECKER
PRIVIGHETOARE = NIGHTINGALE
CIOCARLIE = SKYLARK
BARZA = STORK
RANDUNICA = SWALLOW
LEBADA = SWAN
4.6. FRUCTE, LEGUME SI FLORI
FRUITS, VEGETABLES AND FLOWERS
1. FRUITS
MAR = APPLE
ANANAS = PINEAPPLE
PARA = PEAR
CAISA = APRICOT
PIERSICA = PEACH

50

PRUNA = PLUM
BANANA = BANANA
PORTOCALA = ORANGE
LAMAIE = LEMON
GREFA = GRAPEFRUIT
CIREASA = CHERRY
VISINA = SOUR CHERRY
CORCODUSA = WAX CHERRY
GUTUIE = QUINCE
SMOCHINA = FIG
CURMALA = DATE
CAPSUNA = STRAWBERRY
DUDA = MULBERRY
MURA = BLACKBERRY
ZMEURA = RASPBERRY
NUCA = NUT
ALUNA = PEANUT (HAZELNUT)
CASTANA = CHESTNUT
NUCA DE COCOS = COCONUT
PEPENE GALBEN = MELON
PEPENE VERDE = WATER MELON
STRUGURE = GRAPE
STAFIDA = RAISIN

51

2. VEGETABLES
ROSIE = TOMATO
CARTOF = POTATO
VARZA = CABBAGE
CASTRAVETE = CUCUMBER
MORCOV = CARROT
CEAPA = ONION
USTUROI = GARLIC
RIDICHE = RADISH
GULIE = TURNIP
CONOPIDA = CAULIFLOWER
ARDEI = PEPPER (IUTE = PIMENTO ; GRAS = PAPRIKA)
TELINA = CELERY
PASTARNAC = PARSNIP
PATRUNJEL = PARSLEY
MARAR = DILL
CIUPERCA = MUSHROOM
MAZARE = PEA
FASOLE = BEAN
PORUMB = CORN
3. FLOWERS
TRANDAFIR = ROSE

LALEA = TULIP

52

GAROAFA = CARNATION

GHIOCEL = SNOWDROP

NUFAR = WATER LILY (CRIN)

ORHIDEE = ORCHID

ZAMBILA = HYACINTH

TOPORAS = VIOLET

MUSETEL = CAMOMILE

BUJOR = PEONY

4.7

LUNILE ANULUI

THE MONTHS OF THE YEAR

IANUARIE = JANUARY
FEBRUARIE = FEBRUARY
MARTIE = MARCH
APRILIE = APRIL
MAI = MAY
IUNIE = JUNE
IULIE = JULY
AUGUST = AUGUST
SEPTEMBRIE = SEPTEMBER
OCTOMBRIE = OCTOBER
NOIEMBRIE = NOVEMBER
DECEMBRIE = DECEMBER

4.8.

ZILELE SAPTAMANII SI ANOTIMPURILE

THE WEEK DAYS

LUNI = MONDAY

53

MARTI = TUESDAY
MIERCURI = WEDNESDAY
JOI = THURSDAY
VINERI = FRIDAY
SAMBATA = SATURDAY
DUMINICA = SUNDAY
THE SEASONS
IARNA = WINTER
PRIMAVARA = SPRING
VARA = SUMMER
TOAMNA = AUTUMN
4.9.

PRINCIPALELE MIJLOACE DE TRANSPORT

MAIN MEANS OF TRANSPORT

AUTOCAMION = TRUCK
AUTOBUZ = BUS, MOTOR-BUS, MOTOR-COACH
AUTOCAR = COACH
AUTOTURISM = CAR
AVION = PLANE
BICICLETA = BIKE, BICYCLE
BARCA = BOAT
CAMION = LORRY, TRUCK, VAN
CAMIONETA = LIGHT LORRY

54

METROU = UNDERGROUND, SUBWAY, TUBE

MOTOCICLETA = MOTORBIKE
TRAMVAI = TRAM
TREN = TRAIN
TROLEIBUZ = TROLLEY BUS, ELECTRIC BUS, ELECTROBUS
SUBMARIN = SUBMARINE
VAPOR = SHIP
4.10.

CAT ESTE CEASUL?

THE TIME
The following table shows different ways to say the time, including the word
"quarter" and the word "to".

Time

Ways to Say the Time

4:00

Four o'clock

2:15

Two-fifteen
Quarter past two

6:30

Six-thirty
Half past six

2:45

Two-forty-five
Quarter to three

7:50

Seven-fifty
Ten to eight

8:11

Eight-eleven
Eleven minutes past eight

11:48

Eleven-forty-eight
Twelve minutes to twelve

55

Twelve o'clock
Noon (middle of the day)
Midnight (middle of the night)

12:00

o'clock

quarter to

quarter past

half past

Practice Telling the Time

What time does this clock show?

56

It is one o'clock.

It is quarter past one.

It is twenty past two.

57

 It is five minutes to six.

ATENTIE:
It is nine-oh-five!!! (05 min.)
It is five minutes past nine.

58

3:36
Three-thirty-six
Twenty-four to four

5:44

10:59

Five-forty-four
Sixteen to six

Ten-fifty-nine
One to eleven

CHAPTER V
GENERAL PRESENTATION

A presentation shoud consist of general information about :

name

age

marital status

place of work / education

hobbies

other interesting information about yourself.

ATENTIE!!!
-

NU INSISTA PE ANUMITE INTAMPLARI SAU SITUATII DE

VIATA;

59

REALIZEAZA O PREZENTARE SUCCINTA SI LA OBIECT;

LASA LOC DE INTREBARI (IN CAZUL PREZENTARII ORALE)

DIN PARTEA INTERLOCUTORULUI, ASTFEL POTI ADUCE
LAMURIRILE NECESARE SI EVENTUALELE DETALI
SITUATIONALE;

NU FII CRISPAT IN ELABORAREA PREZENTARII, LAS-O SA SE

DERULEZE DE LA SINE INTR-UN FLUX NORMAL DE TERMENI
SI SINTAGME;

IN CAZUL EXPUNERII ORALE, PREZINTA-TE CALM SI

RELAXAT, DAND ASTFEL DOVADA DE STAPANIRE SI CONTROL
ASUPRA ELEMENTELOR PREZENTATE;

DUPA CAZ, INTRODU SI ELEMENTE COMICE CONTEXTUALE,

FARA INSA A RELIEFA IN EXCES ACESTE SITUATII;

NU ABORDA PREZENTAREA CU UN AER PERSIFLATOR, CI

OFERA INFORMATILE CONCIS SI DEGAJAT, IN CONDITIILE
UNUI DIALOG RESPECTUOS SI PRIETENESC / PROTOCOLAR CU
INTERLOCUTORUL.

MODEL DE PREZENTARE GENERALA:

My name is Mary. I am thirty - nine years old and I was born in London.I
am married with two children: a boy of fifteen years and a girl of ten years. I was
student at a private university in U.S.A. and now I work as a chemist in a local
company. I love summer, because it is warm and sunny and because I was born in
August..My hobbies are the following: reading books and magazines, travelling and
riding horses.

ANEXA

60

ANEXA 2
SUBSTANTIVE NEREGULATE
61

Singular
addendum
aircraft
airman
alga
analysis
antenna
antithesis
apparatus
appendix
aquarium
axis
bacillus
bacterium
basis
boatman
brakesman
bronchus
bureau
businessman
cabman
cactus
chairman
chairwoman
child
clergyman
corpus
cortex
countryman
crisis
criterion
curriculum
datum
deer
diagnosis
dice
Dutchman
Dutchwoman
ellipsis
Englishman
Englishwoman
erratum
eyetooth
fireman

Plural
addenda
aircraft
airmen
algae
analyses
antennae / antennas
antitheses
apparatus / apparatuses
appendices / appendixes
aquariums / aquaria
axes
bacilli
bacteria
bases
boatmen
brakesmen
bronchi
bureaus / bureaus
businessmen
cabmen
cactuses / cacti
chairmen
chairwomen
children
clergymen
corpora
cortices
countrymen
crises
criteria
curricula / curriculums
data
deer
diagnoses
dice
Dutchmen
Dutchwomen
ellipses
Englishmen
Englishwomen
errata
eyeteeth
firemen

62

fisherman
focus
foot
foreman
formula
Frenchman
Frenchwoman
fungus
gentleman
genus
goose
handicraftsman
hypothesis
index
Irishman
Irishwoman
larva
layman
louse
madman
man
millenium
mouse
nucleus
oasis
ox
paralysis
parenthesis
phenomenon
ploughman
policeman
policewoman
postman
quantum
radius
railwayman
salesman
Scotchman
Scotchwoman
series
sheep
spaceman
species
spectrum
spokesman
sportsman

fishermen
foci
feet
foremen
formulas / formulae
Frenchmen
Frenchwomen
fungi / funguses
gentlemen
genera
geese
handicraftsmen
hypotheses
indices / indexes
Irishmen
Irishwomen
larvae
laymen
lice
madmen
men
millenia
mice
nuclei
oases
oxen
paralyses
parentheses
phenomena
ploughmen
policemen
policewomen
postmen
quanta
radii
railwaymen
salesmen
Scotchmen
Scotchwomen
series
sheep
spacemen
species
spectra
spokesmen
spotsmen

63

sportswoman
stadium
stimulus
stratum
superman
swine
switchman
syllabus
symposium
synthesis
thesis
tooth
townsman
townswoman
tradesman
vertebra
watchman
woman
woodman
workman
workwoman
yeoman

sportswomen
stadiums / stadia
stimuli
strata
supermen
swine / swines
switchmen
syllabuses /syllabi
symposiums /symposia
syntheses
theses
teeth
townsmen
townswomen
tradesmen
vertebrae
watchmen
women
woodmen
workmen
workwomen
yeomen

ANEXA 3
EXERCISES
THE NOUN

1. Put in the correct form of the plural.

Example: school - ______
Answer: school - schools

1) desk 2) pencil 3) bike 4) cat -

64

5) invitation 6) watch 7) game 8) cage 9) cake 10) box -

2. Fill in the following words and

advice, chocolate, jam, lemonade, meat, milk, oil, rice, tea, tennis
form to meaningful phrases.
Example: a cube of _____
Answer: a cube of sugar

1) a piece of
2) a packet of
3) a bar of
4) a glass of
5) a cup of
6) a bottle of
7) a slice of
8) a barrel of
9) a game of
10) a jar of
3. Enumerati :

a.

substantive comune:

b.

substantive proprii:
65

c.

substantive abstracte:

d.

substantive colective:

e.

substantive de genul masculin:

f.

substantivele de genul feminin:

g.

substantivele unice:

si realizati 5 propozitii cu ele, la alegere:

4. Put in the correct form of the plural of the given nouns.
Example: car - ___
Answer: car - cars

1) half 2) kilo 3) woman 4) mouth 5) foot 6) sheep 7) penny 8) bus 9) day 10) fish -

THE PERSONAL PRONOUN

1. Use the correct personal pronouns. Watch the words in brackets.
Example: ___ often reads books. (Lisa)

66

Answer: She often reads books.

1) is dreaming. (George)
2) is green. (the blackboard)
3) .. are on the wall. (the posters)
4) is running. (the dog)
5).. are watching TV. (my mother and I)
6) ..are in the garden. (the flowers)
7) is riding his bike. (Tom)
8) is from Bristol. (Victoria)
9) .. has got a brother. (Diana)
10) Have . got a computer, Mandy?
2. Choose the correct personal pronoun.
1)

am sitting on the sofa.

2)

are watching TV.

3) Are

from England?

4)

is going home.

5)

are playing football.

6)

is a wonderful day today.

7)

are speaking English.

8) Is
9)

Kevin's sister?
are swimming in the pool.

10)

they in the cinema?

3. Which pronoun can substitute the underlined phrase in the sentence?

1) The teacher always gives the students homework.

me
them
you
2) I am reading the book to my little sister.

67

her
us
him
3) The boys are riding their bikes.
it
them
her
4) My father is writing a letter to John.
me
her
him
5) I don't know the answer.
she
her
it
6) Sally is going to Anne.
her
him
me
7) Open the window, please.
it
them
us
8) Can you tell the people the way to the airport, please?
you
them
us
9) The books are for Peter.
him
her
you
10) Can you help my sister and me, please?
her

68

me
us
THE ARTICLE
1. Completati cu a / an / the acolo unde este cazul:
___ woman
___ unit
___ United States of America
___ Johnsons
___ elephant
___ beauty
___ hour
___ Thames
2. Completati propozitiile din textul de mai jos cu a/an:
a) ___ old woman laughed at him.
b) ___ cat and ___ dog were in the kitchen.
c) I saw ___ elephant at the zoo.
d) It was ___ excellent movie.
e) She watched ___ TV show
3. Completati cu a / an / the acolo unde este cazul:
Daniel is ___ teacher. He likes ___ Physics very much. He teaches at ___ Theoretical
Highschool from ___ Bucharest. ___pupils like him very much. One day, he decided to
take ___ children to see ___ laboratory from another highschool. There, they made ___
experiment. All ___ children considered ___ experiment ___ most interesting they have
ever made.

THE PREPOSITION
1. Put in the correct preposition.
Example: He concentrates __ physics.
Answer: He concentrates on physics.

69

1) My friend is good

playing volleyball.

2) She complains

bullying.

3) They are afraid

losing the match.

4) She doesn't feel

working on the computer.

5) We are looking forward

6) Laura dreams

going out at the weekend.

living on a small island.

7) Andrew apologized
8) Do you agree

being late.
staying in a foreign country?

9) The girls insisted

10) Edward thinks

going out with Kerry.

climbing trees this afternoon.

2. Choose the correct preposition:

I'm Peter and I live

Germany.

Italy, because
took a plane

the weather and the people there. Last summer I

Munich to Rome.

bus. We stopped

the restaurant. Nobody could find the bus and the driver, so
the restaurant

the small park

angry
went dancing

the airport we went to our hotel

a small restaurant for a quick meal. The driver

parked the bus

we waited

summer I like to travel

one hour. The driver was walking

the restaurant which we didn't know. So we were

him. But my holidays were great. We sat

the early mornings.

3. Choose the correct preposition:

70

campfires and

1. I'm tired

waiting for you.

2. I haven't smoked

ages.

3. The police car chased the robbers

4. You can look the word
5. She had problems
6. I'm looking
7. The song was written

the streets.
in a dictionary.

reading the instructions.

my key. Has anyone found it?
Madonna.

8. I can't come to the party. Don't wait

me.

THE CARDINAL NUMERAL

1. Gasiti corespondentul din limba engleza:
100 =
45 =
227 =
946 =
931 =
702 =
739 =
555 =
323 =
118 =
2864 =
2927 =
3456 =
5257 =
71

1 000 000 =
2. Transpuneti operatiile matematice in litere:
a.

100 - 40 = 60

b.

5 + 92 = 97

c.

10 x 10 = 100

d.

15 : 3 =5

e.

98 %

f.

262 - 2 = 260

g.

900 + 100 = 1000

h.

8 x 50 = 400

i.

500 : 2 = 250

j.

65 - 64 = 1

THE ORDINAL NUMERAL

1.Write the numbers into the correct column:

ten, twenty-seven, twenty-fifth, twenty-four, twenty-ninth, thirty-one, thirteenth,
twenty-five, eighteen, three

Cardinal numbers

Ordinal numbers

72

THE ADJECTIVE
1. Fill in the words in brackets with adjectives like in the example.
Example: Peter is a ______ (slow) person.
Answer: Peter is a slowly person.

1) He is a .. boy. (quick)
2) Mandy is a ..girl. (pretty)
3)Mark is a .friend (careful)
4) Max is a singer. (loud)
5) Jane is a ..girl(beautiful).
6) I am a boy.(nice)
7) He is a ..player.(bad)
8) She is a ...mother.(slow)
9) This is a train.( quick)
10) He ia a .person.(dangerous)

THE VERB
Verbul To Have
1. GASITI CORESPONDENTUL IN LIMBA ENGLEZA:
a. My father ...........(are) a dog and two cats.
b. We ..........(avem) money to buy a house.
c. They.......(au) a lot of homework for today.
73

d. Our uncle.........(are) many flowers in the garden.

e. My sisters.......(au) red slippers.
f. My dog.......(are) a bone.
g. Mark and Peter.........(au) a lot of surprises for us.
h. My mother.........(are) a green and yellow parrot.
i. The cow .....(are) four legs.
j. Everybody.......(are) a chance in life.
2. COMPLETATI CU FORMA CORECTA A VERBULUI TO HAVE:
a. HE...........

d. YOU.............

b. SHE..........

e. IT..............

c. WE...........

f. THEY...........

Verbul To Be

1. COMPLETATI CU FORMA CORECTA A VERBULUI TO BE:

a. HE...........

d. YOU.............

b. SHE..........

e. IT..............

c. WE...........

f. THEY...........

3. GASITI CORESPONDENTUL IN LIMBA ENGLEZA:

a. (Eu nu sunt) home today or tomorrow.
b. My sister (nu este) at school, but she will be next week.
c. (Ei nu sunt) in Bucharest at the time we speak.
d. I go to work,but she (nu este) there.
e.

(Noi nu suntem ) at the beach every day of the week.

f. My doctor is a good man, (el este) always there to help you.

g. Bucharest (nu este) a town in France.
h. Lets go to see Mark, because (el este) acasa.
i. (Ei nu sunt) at work these days.

74

j. (El este) a good worker.

THE COLOURS
1.Write the colours into the gaps.

Example:

pink

75

THE FAMILY AND THE RELATIVES

1. Completati spatiile punctate cu termenul corespunzator:
- My mothers husband is my
- My childrens mother is my
- My parents daughter is my
- My fathers brother is my
- My cousins parents are my uncles and my
- My sisters son is my
- My sons daughter is my
- My mothers son is my

76

- My sisters mother is my
- My grandfathers wife is my
- My uncles daughter is my
- My brothers daughter is my
- The father of your father or mother is your
- My sons children are my
- My brothers wife is my
- My husbands father is my

77

2. Find the correct words and write them into the gaps.
Example: horadgmthner - ____________
Answer: horadgmthner - grandmother

1) fathre 2) osn 3) rbthoer 4) sesitr 5) othemr 6) necul 7) aarndgfther 8) atnu 9) nriachgdld 10) agdtuehr -

THE HUMAN BODY

1. Find the correct words to fill into gaps:

78

1) .
2)
3).
4) ..
5)..
6) ..
7) .
8)
9) .

2. Punei n locul spaiilor punctuate cuvintele din imaginile

My

Your

is blond.

.. is little.

alturate.

On

I have fur cap.

In

.. I. have flowers.

79

His

My

..is big.

My

is blue. On

is small.

I have a ring.

THE ANIMALS AND THE BIRDS

1. Write the names of the animals and the birds into the gaps:

Example:

cat

1) ..

2)

3)

80

4)..

5) ..

6)..

7) ..

8) .

9) .

10) .

11)

81

12)

13) ..

14) ..

15)

16) ..

2. Identificati animalele si culoarea acestora din urmatoarele imagini:

82

3. Traduceti in limba engleza:

1. EU AM DOI CAINI, TREI PAPAGALI, PATRU PISICI SI UN
MAGAR.
2. SORA MEA IUBESTE URMATOARELE ANIMALE:OAIA,
PISICA, CAINELE.
3. SOARECELE ESTE GRI SI VACA ESTE NEAGRA.
4. URMATOARELE ANIMALE SALBATICE SUNT
PERICULOASE:URSUL SI LUPUL.
5. EU IMI DORESC SA CUMPAR UN PAPAGAL.

83

6. UNCHIUL TOM URASTE ANIMALELE.

7. NOI AVEM LA FERMA UN PUI, PATRU VACI, O GAINA SI UN
COCOS.
8. PRIVIGHETOAREA CANTA FRUMOS.
9. AMERICANII MANANCA CURCAN DES.
10. IN PADURE ESTE O CIOCANITOARE.
FRUITS,VEGETABLES & FLOWERS
1. Gasiti echivalentul din limba engleza:

0)
1) .
2)
3) ..
4) ..
5) .
6)
7) ..
8)
9) ..
10)

84

2. Gasiti echivalentul din limba engleza:

0)
1) ..
2) ..
3)
4) .
5) .
6) ..
7) .
8) .
9)
10)..

3. Gasiti echivalentul din limba engleza si formati propozitii cu

TRANDAFIR =

85

acestea:

GAROAFA =
NUFAR =
LALEA =
ORHIDEE =
GHIOCEL =

PROPOZITII:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

THE MONTHS OF THE YEAR

THE SEASONS
WEEK DAYS
1.Completati spatiile punctate cu termenul corespunzator:
a.My favourite season is.,because we go to the beach.
b.We eat grapes and drink wine in
c.Inwe go to the mountains.

86

d.I am born in April,so I believe that .is wonderful.

e.Why dont you like .?It is the season of the harvest.
2. Raspundeti la intrebari prin raspunsuri scurte:
Model:
a.When do you go to school?
On Monday.
b.When do you go shopping?
c.When dont you go to work?
d.What is your favourite day of the week and why?

3. Completati cu termenul corespunzator in limba engleza:

1. I like (ianuarie) because I was born in this month.
2. In (iunie) and in (august) my family will take a long journey.
3. The spring season has three months:(martie,aprilie,mai).
4. We dont go to school in (iulie).
5. We celebrate Christmas in (decembrie).
6. My brother is born in (octombrie).

4. Realizati 5 propozitii cu urmatorii termeni:

- MONDAY :
- AUTUMN :
- NOVEMBER :

87

- SUNDAY :
- WINTER :

MAIN MEANS OF TRANSPORT

1. Identificati mijlocul de transport in limba engleza:

1).. ..
2) ..
3) ..
4) ..

5) .

6) ..

7) ..

8) ..

9) .

10) .

88

THE TIME
1. What time is it in this example?
7:23

IT IS...

Other examples:
10:15

IT IS..

12:00

IT IS..

4:30

IT IS ..

1:45

IT IS ...

5:50

IT IS

8:30

IT IS ...

11:20

IT IS

2.Write the correct time in British English into the gaps.

Write the numbers in words.

89

Example:

It's _____________________.

Answer: It's half past eight.

1)........
2)
3)...
4)
5)
6)
7)
8) ..
9)
10) .
3. Write the correct time in British English into the gaps.
Write the numbers in words.

1) It's

90

2) It's

3) It's..

4) It's..

5) It's .

6) It's..

8) It's.

ANEXA 4

QUESTIONNAIRE
A. NIVEL INCEPATORI
Raspundeti la intrebarile 1-4 prin formulari succinte, la obiect:

91

1. What is your name?

2. How old are you?

3. What are your hobbies?

4. What is your favourite place in our town,Constanta?

B.

NIVEL INTERMEDIARI
Rezolvati exercitiile 5-8:

5. Incercuiti litera corespunzatoare raspunsului corect:

girl a. girls
b. girles

story a. stories
b. storys

piano a. pianos
b. pianoes

tram a. trams
b. trames

photo a. photoes
b. photos

tooth a. tooths
b. teeth

party a. parties
b. partys

child a.children
b. childs

92

6. Completati cu numeralul cardinal corespunzator(lb.engleza):

1 -

45 -

5 -

100 -

10 -

1 milion -

12 -

20 -

7. Rezolvare de problema:
Name 3 means of transport (mijloace de transport):
a.
b.
c.
Name 3 fruits:
a.
b.
c.
Name 3 birds:
a.
b.
c.

8. Write the names of the means of transport into the gaps (completati spatiile punctate
cu numele mijloacelor de transport corespunzatoare) :

93

Example:

van

1)
2)
3)

4)

5)

6)

7)

8)

9)

10)

94

C.

NIVEL AVANSATI
9. Cititi dialogul si raspundeti la intrebarile de mai jos (pag.6):

Mike: Hello, Susan. Nice to see you.

I haven't seen you for ages. How are
you?
Susan: Everything is fine, thank
you, what about you?
Mike: Ah, not too bad, thanks.
Everybody in my family is in fine
order; things are going fine with my
job.
Susan: By the way, Mike, this is
Ioana. She's from Romania.
Mike: How do you do, Ioana! I'm
glad to meet you. I am Mike.
Ioana: How do you do, Mike!
Mike: Which part of Romania are
you from, Ioana?
Ioana: North-east, from a city called
Iasi, one of the oldest and biggest
Romanian cities, the place where I
like to live.
Mike: Are you here on holiday?
Ioana: No, I am a student and I've got
a scholarship. I live with Susan and
her family.
Mike: I see. That's fine.
Ioana: What about you? What do you
do?
Mike: Oh, I'm a doctor.
Ioana: That sounds interesting.
Mike: Well, that's my job.
Ioana: I'm sorry. I have to leave. My
friends are waiting. See you soon!

Mike: Buna, Susan. Ma bucur sa te

vad. Nu te-am vazut de multa vreme.
Ce mai faci?
Susan: Totul e bine, multumesc. Dar
tu?
Mike: A, destul de bine. Toti cei din
familie sunt sanatosi; lucrurile merg
bine in profesia mea.

Mike: See you! I hope we'll spend

some time together one day.

Mike: La buna vedere! Sper ca vom

petrece intr-o zi ceva timp im-preuna!

Susan: Apropo, Mike, ea este Ioana.

Este din Romania.
Mike: Incantat de cunostinta, Ioana.
Ma bucur sa te intalnesc. Sunt Mike.
Ioana: Incantata sa te cunosc, Mike.
Mike: Din ce parte a Romaniei esti
originara, Ioana?
Ioana: Din nord-est, dintr-un oras
numit Iasi, unul dintre cele mai vechi
si mai mari orase romanesti, locul
unde imi place sa traiesc.
Mike: Esti aici in vacanta?
Ioana: Nu, sunt studenta si am obtinut
o bursa. Locuiesc cu Susan si familia
ei.
Mike: A, inteleg. Asta e bine.
Ioana: Dar tu? Cu ce te ocupi?
Mike: A, sunt doctor.
Ioana: Pare interesant.
Mike: Este meseria mea.
Ioana: Imi pare rau ca trebuie sa plec.
Ma asteapta prietenii. Pe curand!

95

Ioana: I'd like to meet you again.

Ioana: Mi-ar face placere sa ne revedem.

a. What are the names of the characters?

b. What is Mike? A doctor, a teacher or a lawyer?

c. Which part of Romania is Ioana from?

d. Does Ioana live with Susan and her family?

e. Write 3 sentences about the relationship between Mike and Susan. Are

they friends?

Do they frequently meet?

NOTA: pentru exercitiile a caror rezolvare nu o cunoasteti, rugam sa

trageti o linie oblica (/) in dreptul cerintelor!!!

TEST DE EVALUARE
CURS DE LIMBA ENGLEZA
- NIVEL INCEPATOR -

1.Itemi obiectivi
1.1.cu alegere duala:
Incercuiti litera A daca substantivul subliniat este corect utilizat si litera F daca
este incorect utilizat:
1. F

I saw 5 mouse in the garden.

96

2. F
3. F

A
A

I saw 5 mouses in the garden.

I saw 5 mice in the garden.

1.2.cu alegere multipla:

Incercuiti litera corespunzatoare raspunsului corect:
a) My cat is very nice.
b) My cat have very nice.
c) My cat has very nice.

2.Itemi semiobiectivi:
2.1.cu raspuns scurt:
Hello!How are you?
2.2.de completat:
a) I love my grandmother. .... is my life.
b) She wants to buy an apple. ... smells very good.
3.Rezolvare de problema.
Name 3 flowers.
Name 3 fruits.
Name 3 birds.
4.Eseu structurat:
Make an autodescription in 5 sentences.
Toate subiectele sunt obligatorii.Timp de lucru = 30 min.
BAREM
oficiu............1p.
1.1................ 1p.
1.2.................1p.
2.1.................1p.
2.2.................1p.
3.................3p.
4.................2p.
Total = 10p.

97

REZOLVARE
1.1.

1-F
2-F
3 -A

1.2. - a)
2.1. I am fine,thank you.
2.2. - a) she
- b) it

3. rose,tulip,orchid
apple,strawberry,plum
hen,peacock,nightingale.
4.My name is David.I am ten years old.I have blue eyes and black hair.I go to school
every day.I love football and books.
TEST PAPER

1. Inlocuiti spatiile punctate cu termenii corespunzatori :

a. My .(verisor) has.(18) years.
b. I like the following colours :.(rosu, verde si
albastru).
c. I have no (frate) or(sora), but I have a.(fiu) and a
(fiica).
d. I was born in.(iulie), so in(vara).
e. My..(cap) and my(mana) hurt.
f. My..(cumnat) has.(45) years and he
has.(3) children.
g. The(vaca) is (alba) and the(caine) is
(negru).
h. I love to eat(paine,branza si sunca).
i. My .(mama)
buys.
(o furculita, o lingura si un cutit).
j. I dont like(iarna), it is too cold.

2. a. Gasiti corespondentul din limba engleza:

354 =

10 =

763 =

12 =

98

950 =

43 =

119 =

17 =

b. Transpuneti operatiile matematice in litere:

k.
l.
m.
n.
o.

100 - 40 = 60
5 + 92 = 97
10 x 10 = 100
15 : 3 =5
98 %

3. What time is it ?
a. 12:00 =
b. 10:30 =
c. 11:20 =
d. 5:25 =
e. 7:30 =
f. 9:15 =
g. 10:00 =
h. 7:45 =
i. 9:10 =
j. 3:30 =

4. Traduceti:
a. Eu am trei caini si doua pisici.
b. Vineri eu mananc supa de legume
c. Matusa mea merge (goes) cu trenul si cu avionul.
d. Masina este verde si trandafirul este rosu.
e. Mama mea mananca un mar si o caisa.
5. Enumerati cele 4 anotimpuri si apoi :
a.
b.

3 - vegetables: A =
B=

99

c.
d.

C=

3 - animals : A =
B=
C=

3 - fruits: A =
B=
C=

3 - birds: A =
B=
C=

3 - clothes: A =
B=
C=

6. Completati cu forma corespunzatoare de plural:

1. potato
2. party
3. brother-in-law 4. desk 5. pencil 6. bike 7. cat 8. box
9. man 10. earth
Toate subiectele sunt obligatorii.Timp de lucru = 60 min.
BAREM
oficiu............ 1p.
1.................. 1p.
2.a.................1p.
2.b.................1p.
3....................2p. (0,20 x 10)
4....................2p. (0,40 x 5)
51p.
61p
Total = 10p.

100

101