Qiang Ni 1/23

Design & AnuIysis of MAC ProtocoI

for IEEE 0Z,11n
Qiong Mi
Qiong.niieee.org
HomiIfon Insfifufe, MUIM
June ZIsf, Z00b
Joinf work wifh Tionji, Thierry (IMPIA), Prof Yong (U. of Memphis)
ond ongoing wifh Dove, Doug, Chongwen (InfeI), Adrion (InfeI)
Qiang Ni 2/23
80Z.IIn: nexf-generofion WLAM
Summory from 80Z.IIn 8erIin meefing, Sepf. IZ-I7, 04
0ooI: I00Mbps nef fhroughpuf meosured of fhe MAC Ioyer.
Smorf onfenno fechnoIogies (ZXZ or 4X4 MIMO).
Provide Z0 MH; (exisfing) ond 40MH;^ (new) bondwidfh.
Widebond odopfive OFDM:
Adopfive bif ond power-Iooding whiIe increosing fhe frequency
bondwidfh from Z0MH; (80Z.IIo) fo 40MH;.
Advonced chonneI coding fechniques:
Peed-SoIomon (PS) code.
Low Densify Porify Check code (LDPC).
Qiang Ni 3/23
ZxZ MIMO - SpofioI Division MuIfipIexing
C
h
a
n
n
e
l

E
n
c
o
d
e
r
P
u
n
c
t
u
r
e
r
Frequency
Interleaver
Constellation
Mapper
iFFT
Modulator
insert
GI
window
symbols
Pilots
Preamble
S
c
r
a
m
b
l
e
d
M
P
D
U
Frequency
Interleaver
Constellation
Mapper
iFFT
Modulator
insert
GI
window
symbols
Pilots
Preamble
S
p
a
t
i
a
l

p
a
r
s
e
r
Z SpofioI sfreoms wifh Z TX onfennos
(mondofory)
Ideo: spofioI chonneIs of differenf
onfenno poirs ore uncorreIofed
Qiang Ni 4/23
ChoIIenge for 80Z.IIn: MAC/PHY overheod
To provide I00Mbps nef fhroughpuf meosured of fhe
MAC Ioyer is choIIenging since
The 80Z.II MAC/PHY profocoIs hove huge overheod:
e.g. MAC/PHY heoders, 8ockoffs, ACI,,
Busy
Channel
DIFS (34us)
PPDU ACK
PLCP
Preamble
PLCP
Header
Payload FCS
SIFS (16 us)
Backoff: 9 us x [0,CW]
MAC
Header
16us 4us 24octets Variable 4octets
>= 24 us
PHY headers have to be transmitted
in low rate for reliability
Qiang Ni 5/23
IdeoI moximum MAC fhroughpuf
(no coIIision, no noise)
PoyIood si;e ~ I0Z4byfes
Your fhroughpuf never higher fhon b0Mbps wifh IIbyfe fromel7
Qiang Ni 6/23
DIFS DATA SIFS ACK
mean CW
2
8
+ + + + + + +
=
ack
PHYhdr SIFS
payload
PHYhdr
CW
DIFS
payload
ideal
T T T T T T T
L
S
IdeoI fhroughpuf:
80Z.II (e) MAC: DCF (Disfribufed Coordinofion Funcfion)
2
8
+ + + + +
=
PHYhdr SIFS PHYhdr
CW
DIFS
payload
TUL
T T T T T
L
S
Throughpuf Upper Limif (TUL):
IdeoI fhroughpuf modeI
(no coIIisions/no chonneI errors)
Qiang Ni 7/23
802.11b 802.11a 802.11n
T
SIFS
(s)
10 16 16
Slot time - (s)
20 9 9
T
DIFS
(s)
50 34 34
T
PHYhdr
(s)
192 20 20
CW
min
31 15 15
MAChdr (bits) 224 224 224
CRC (bits) 32 32 32
Propagation delay - (s)
1 1 1
OFDM symbol delay (s)
- 4 4
NBpS (No. of bits per symbol) - 216
216k
PHY layer peak rate (Mbps) 11 54
54k

PHY/MAC poromefers for 80Z.IIo/b/n
Qiang Ni 8/23
Moximum fhroughpuf whiIe onIy one poromefer is modified
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
I
d
e
a
l

T
h
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
(
M
b
p
s
)
Ratio of the default 802.11n parameters
Data Rate: 216Mbps, Frame Length:1000bytes
'NothingChange'
'SIFSChange'
'SlotTimeChange'
'CWminChange'
'PHYHeaderDelayChange'
'MacHeaderChange'
Improving fhroughpuf by funing PHY/MAC poromefers
Qiang Ni 9/23
Moximum fhroughpuf whiIe muIfipIe poromefers ore modified
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
I
d
e
a
l

T
h
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
(
M
b
p
s
)
Ratio of the default 802.11n parameters
Data Rate: 216Mbps, Frame Length:1000bytes
'Goalof802.11n'
'NothingChange'
'SIFSChange'
'SlotTimeChange'
'CWminChange'
'PHYHeaderDelayChange'
'MacHeaderChange'
'SIFS-SlotTime-CWmin-PHYHeaderDelay-Change'
'SIFS-SlotTime-CWmin-Change'
'SIFS-SlotTime-PHYHeaderDelay-Change'
'CWmin-PHYHeaderDelay-Change'
'SIFS-SlotTime-Change'
'EverythingChange'
Qiang Ni 10/23
Frome oggregofion is promisingl
0
50
100
150
200
250
1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000
I
d
e
a
l

T
h
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
(
M
b
p
s
)
Frame size(bytes)
'GoalOf802.11n'
'54Mbps'
'108Mbps'
'162Mbps'
'216Mbps'
'270Mbps'
'324Mbps'
'378Mbps'
'432Mbps'
Qiang Ni 11/23
Lef's ossume 0oussion chonneI:
PesuIfs ore differenf if chonneI is noisy
frame frame
frame
L
b
i L
i
b
i
b
L
i
frame
e
p p p
i
L
p ) 1 ( 1 ) 1 (
1
=

=

=

p
e ,
pockef error rofe (PEP), P
b ,
bif error rofe (8EP)
crc hdr payload
L L L
b
crc hdr payload
payload
eff
p R
L L L
L
S
+ +

+ +
= ) 1 (
AcfuoI effecfive PHY fhroughpuf ( )
crc hdr payload frame
L L L L + + =
Qiang Ni 12/23
PHY Ioyer peock rofe ~ ZIoMbps
Pockef oggregofion is occepfobIe in noisy chonneI7
Throughpuf degrodofion due fo refronsmissions
0
50
100
150
200
1 10 100 1000
P
H
Y

E
f
f
e
c
t
i
v
e

T
h
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t

(
2
1
6
M
b
p
s
)
Frame Size (Bytes)
BER = 10E-6
BER = 10E-5
BER = 10E-4
BER = 10E-3
Qiang Ni 13/23
Our 80Z.IIn proposoI:
Aggregofion wifh Frogmenf-Pefronsmission (AFP)
MAChdr Fragment CRC Fragment CRC Fragment CRC Fragment CRC
MAC Layer
LLC Layer
PHY layer
MAC frame
Packet Packet Packet
TCP/IP Layer
Fragment Fragment Fragment Fragment
CRC
Packet/Fragment Aggregation
Qiang Ni 14/23
Moximum PHY fhroughpuf for AFP
by odopfing frogmenf si;e
0
50
100
150
200
10 100 1000 10000 100000 1e+06
O
p
t
i
m
a
l

P
H
Y

E
f
f
e
c
t
i
v
e

T
h
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t

(
M
b
p
s
)
Frame Size (bytes)
Optimal PHY effective throughput of the AFR scheme
BER = 10E-6
BER = 10E-5
BER = 10E-4
BER = 10E-3
Qiang Ni 15/23
0,0 0,I 0,W
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e c e c f
p p p p p + =
Tronsmission foiIure probobiIify:
) 1 (
) 1 ( 1

=
n
c
p wifh
Suturution throughput modeIs for 0Z,11n {1}
Tronsmission probobiIify, :
Qiang Ni 16/23
Five kinds of sIofs in o noisy environmenf
Suturution throughput modeIs for 0Z,11n {Z}
PHYhdr Payload (LPld) ACK MAChdr
SIFS DIFS
T
S
EIFS
T
C
T
I
CRC PHYhdr
PHYhdr Payload (LPld) MAChdr
PHYhdr Payload (LPld) CRC
data
E
T
EIFS
PHYhdr Payload (LPld)
SIFS DIFS
CRC
ack
E
T
CRC
PHYhdr ACK
MAChdr
MAChdr
Idle
Success
Collision
Data
error
ACK
error
Tdata
Qiang Ni 17/23
wifh
C C
ack
E
ack
E
data
E
data
E S S I I
Pld
S
sat
P T P T P T P T P T
L P
S
+ + + +

=
) 1 )( 1 ( ) 1 (
) 1 (n ack
e
data
e
S p p n P =


ack
e
data
e
ack
E
p p n P ) 1 ( ) 1 (
) 1 (n
=


) 1 (
) 1 ( ) 1 ( 1

=
n n
C n P
n
) 1 ( = I P
Suturution throughput modeIs for 0Z,11n {3}
: n Mumber of sfofions
data
e
data
E
p n P =
) 1 (n
) 1 (
Qiang Ni 18/23
MAC fhroughpuf modeI for fhe AFP scheme (I)
PHYhdr ACK
MAC
hdr
SIFS DIFS
T
NC
EIFS
T
C
T
I
PHYhdr
PHYhdr
MAC
hdr
C
R
C
Idle
No
collision
Collision
C
R
C
C
R
C
C
R
C
C
R
C
C
R
C
Fragment
Fragment Fragment
Fragment
Fragment Fragment
Three kinds of sIofs in o noisy environmenf
Qiang Ni 19/23
wifh
C C NC NC I I
Pld NC
AFR
P T P T P T
L E P
S
+ +

=
] [
MAC fhroughpuf modeI for fhe AFP scheme (Z)
) 1 (n
) 1 (

= n P
NC
) 1 (
) 1 ( ) 1 ( 1

=
n n
C n P
n
) 1 ( = I P
Qiang Ni 20/23
) (
) 1 ( ) ( ] [
0
frag Pld
i N
frag
e
i frag
e
N
i
frag
Pld
L i L
p p
i
N
L E
frag
frag

=

=

MAC fhroughpuf modeI for fhe AFP scheme (3)

crc frag
L L
b
frag
e
p p
+
= ) 1 ( 1
Qiang Ni 21/23
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5
x 10
4
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
Frame size (bytes)
S
a
t
u
r
a
t
i
o
n

t
h
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t

(
R
=
2
1
6
M
b
p
s
)
802.11 DCF, BER = 10
-5
AFR, BER = 10
-5
MAC fhroughpuf: AFP vs. 80Z.II DCF
PHY rofe~ZIoMbps, n~b0, 8EP~I0
-b
Qiang Ni 22/23
PubIicofions
Qiong Mi, Tionji Li, Thierry TurIeffi, ond Yong Xioo. "Suturution
Throughput AnuIysis of Error-Prone 0Z,11 WireIess Networks". To
oppeor in WiIey JournoI of WireIess Communicofions ond MobiIe
Compufing (JWCMC), John WiIey & Sons PubIisher, Z00b.
Tionji Li, Qiong Mi, Thierry TurIeffi, ond Yong Xioo. "Performunce
AnuIysis of IEEE 0Z,11e IockAck Scheme in Noisy ChunneI". In
IEEE 8roodnefs Conference, 8osfon, USA, Ocf 3-7, Z00b.
Qiong Mi, Tionji Li, Thierry TurIeffi ond Yong Xioo. "MAC Luyer ProposuI
for IEEE 0Z,11n: Frume Aggregution with Frugment Retrunsmission
{AFR} Scheme". IEEE 80Z.IIn Working 0roup Documenf Mo. IEEE
80Z.II-04-09b0-00-000n, Augusf I3, Z004.
Qiang Ni 23/23
Fufure work
DeIoy onoIysis for AFP
PeoIisfic froffic fypes (TCP, Voice, Video)
PeoI 80Z.IIn PHY chonneI modeIs + Iink odopfofion
Exfension fo muIfi-receiver cose
--wifh Chongwen Liu (InfeI Oregon), Adrion Sfephens
(InfeI Combridge)