CONSTRUCTION AND USE OF BROADBAND TRANSFORMERS

Technical Seminar Presentation 2004

“CONSTRUCTION AND USE OF

BROADBAND TRANSFORMERS”

Under the guidance of :

Mr. Debashis Jena

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CONSTRUCTION AND USE OF BROADBAND TRANSFORMERS

INTRODUCTION
Technical Seminar Presentation 2004

I
• Wound magnetic devices that are designed to transfer
energy over a wide frequency range
• Most broadband transformers are wound on ferrite toroids
or rods
• Used in telecomm equipment
• Balun or binocular cores are used for broadband
transformers that must accommodate RF power

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CONSTRUCTION AND USE OF BROADBAND TRANSFORMERS

TYPES
Technical Seminar Presentation 2004

Two types:
Conventional type and transmission-line type

Conventional type
Permits to obtain any transformation ratio we need
Transmission-line
With twisted or parallel windings and produce specific integers
of impedance transformation, such as 4:1, 9:1 and 16:1

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CONSTRUCTION AND USE OF BROADBAND TRANSFORMERS
Technical Seminar Presentation 2004

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CONSTRUCTION AND USE OF BROADBAND TRANSFORMERS

Determining- the -Minimum- Number - of -

Technical Seminar Presentation 2004

Turns
Square root of the impedance ratio
Primary reactance is usually around 5 times the primary
impedance
With a 200 ohms to 50 ohm transformer, we would allow a
reactance of 1,000 ohms, required inductance of around
88 uH
Turns = 1,000 X SQRT (L in mH / AL factor)
= 1,000 X SQRT (0.088 / 68) = 36 turns

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CONSTRUCTION AND USE OF BROADBAND TRANSFORMERS
Technical Seminar Presentation 2004

Typical characteristic curve of Insertion loss Vs Frequency

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CONSTRUCTION AND USE OF BROADBAND TRANSFORMERS

TRANSFORMERS ON BALUN CORES

Technical Seminar Presentation 2004

Balun cores are made from ferrite.

The permeability of the material core is s 850 to 900 for

applications from 1.8 to 30 MHz.

Are created by using two rows of ferrite toroids, side by

side
Cores are glued together by means of quick setting epoxy
cement to form two separate tubes of toroids

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CONSTRUCTION AND USE OF BROADBAND TRANSFORMERS
Technical Seminar Presentation 2004

Examples of broadband RF Transformers. The low Z-winding

is generally a single, U-shaped turn of wire.The larger winding
has as many turns as are needed to provide the desired
impedance transformation
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CONSTRUCTION AND USE OF BROADBAND TRANSFORMERS

FREQUENCY BASED BROADBAND

Technical Seminar Presentation 2004

TRANSFORMERS
Low and Medium Frequency
Manganese zinc ferrites, such as Fair-Rite 77 or 78 materials, are
very suitable
Core geometry should be such as to minimize the Rdc/L ratio
Parameter that is most critical is the shunt reactance (ωL)
High Frequency
Uses nickel zinc ferrites as the preferred core material
Band pass lies wholly above 500 kHz

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CONSTRUCTION AND USE OF BROADBAND TRANSFORMERS

USES OF BROADBAND-TRANSFORMER
Technical Seminar Presentation 2004

Used at the output of an active mixer

For matching a 50-ohm antenna to a grounded gate RF

amplifier in a receiver or converter

Applied in push-pull RF power amplifier that uses two

broadband transformers

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CONSTRUCTION AND USE OF BROADBAND TRANSFORMERS
Technical Seminar Presentation 2004

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CONSTRUCTION AND USE OF BROADBAND TRANSFORMERS
Technical Seminar Presentation 2004

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CONSTRUCTION AND USE OF BROADBAND TRANSFORMERS
Technical Seminar Presentation 2004

CONCLUSION

 Can be designed to provide dc isolation, impedance

matching and specific current or voltage ratios
Balun transformers are used in test equipment,
mixers, receivers, transmitters and antenna circuits
Coverage from 1.8 to 30 MHz.
Efficiencies in the high 90% range.

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CONSTRUCTION AND USE OF BROADBAND TRANSFORMERS
Technical Seminar Presentation 2004

THANK YOU!!!

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