Reproductive System Animal Comparison for Evolution Chapters 25 28, 36

The role of reproduction is to provide for the continued existence of a species; it is the process by which living organisms duplicate themselves. Reproduction is not necessary for an individual to survive but without it the species will go extinct. Some organisms are able to reproduce asexually and some can only reproduce sexually. Asexual reproduction does not require as much energy as sexual but the offspring are identical to the parent so there is no or very little genetic variation. Sexual reproduction allows for more genetic variation but requires more energy expenditure by the organism. Animals have to find a balance between the energy required for reproduction and energy required for individual survival. This is part of what has led to the variation in how and when organimsms reproduce. Animals compete with other individuals in the environment to maintain themselves for a period of time sufficient to enable them to produce tissue nonessential to their own survival, but indispensable to the maintenance of the species. The additional tissue, reproductive tissue, usually becomes separated from the individual to form a new, independent organism.

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Reasonin-