Jordan Higgins

Professor Hofmann
English 1102
18 March 2014
Annotated Bibliography raft
Hai!!inen" Anni" Antti Alaranta" #l!!a Heleni$s" and %ommi &asan!ari' ()se of dietary
s$pplements in *lympic athletes is decreasing+ a follo,-$p st$dy bet,een 2002 and
200.'( Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition' 8'1 /20110+ n' page' 1eb'
22 Mar' 2014' 3http+44,,,'5issn'com4content4841416'
%his so$rce is a st$dy on dietary s$pplement $sage ,ithin 7ario$s 8innish athletic
gro$ps' #t st$dies s$pplement $sage by athletes ,ith a 7ariety of 7ariables s$ch as age" se9"
sport type" etc' #t seems that s$pplement $sage has decreased in recent years' %hese
s$pplements are $sed to :increase energy" maintain strength" enhance performance" maintain
health and imm$ne system and pre7ent n$tritional deficiencies';
# can implement <$ite a bit of this st$dy in my report' %he demographics of s$pplement
$sers is interesting= po,er sport athletes $sed the most s$pplements that contain creatine"
proteins" and 7itamins' Parts of this st$dy that pertain to ,hat # am loo!ing for are ho, m$ch
s$pplements certain athletes $se and ,hat types' 8or instance" if a po,er athlete $ses 7itamins
,here a s!ier $sed 7itamin > and fish oils" there might be something to that' %hey?re probably
thin!ing abo$t ,hat they?re p$tting in their body /,hich might only be e9perience" not act$ally
thin!ing abo$t it0' *7erall this sho,s a bit of ho, athletes thin! abo$t n$trition'
%his so$rce is credible' #t is from a 5o$rnal" the Jo$rnal of the #nternational @ociety of
@ports A$trition' A$thors ,ere certified to ma!e this st$dy and ,ere responsible for statistical
analysis and appro7al of the final man$script' %he research in the article seemed acc$rate and
done $sing scientific processes'
Mc>afferty" H$go' #nter7ie, by @,ide' Nutrition is key to Milans high performance' 0B 8eb
201C' 1eb' 22 Mar 2014' http+44,,,'s,ide'com4sport-man4sport-inter7ie,4n$trition-is-
!ey-to-ac-milan-footballers-an-inter7ie,-,ith-the-n$tritionist4201C40240B'
%his so$rce is an inter7ie, ,ith A> Milan?s A$tritionist' #t tal!s abo$t ,hat the team does
to implement a healthy diet into their ro$tine' @pecifically" it tal!s abo$t foods" changes that
ha7e to be made" ,hy they do diets the ,ay they do" ,hy they $se certain foods" etc' #t does
tal! abo$t foreign players and adaptations they?7e had to ma!e' #t notes on the importance of
discipline for n$tritional plans'
# li!e ho, this inter7ie, goes into diets and ,hat to eat at ,hat time for athletes'
Altho$gh it may not specifically tal! abo$t athletes? n$tritional !no,ledge and e9perience" it tal!s
abo$t that in an o7erall sense ,ith the n$tritionist ,ho does this for all athletes' %his means that
the athletes themsel7es might not act$ally ha7e the n$tritional !no,ledge' Do$ can clearly see
the amo$nt of detail that goes into planning meals and diets' # also li!e ,hen it tal!s abo$t
foreign players adapting to eating styles in habits' *7erall this ,ill be a good article to incl$de'
# can tell this is a credible so$rce beca$se it is an inter7ie, ,ith a n$tritionist" ,ho
ob7io$sly !no,s n$trition and has a good mentality behind it' A$tritionists typically ha7e a
bachelor?s degree in n$trition and most ha7e an ad7anced degree" as ,ell as a license and
certification' A> Milan is a pretty high caliber athletic team ,ith good athletes and great staff'
1hen it comes to n$trition" they do their home,or!'
Porath" Aichole' (My A$trition Jo$rney'( AicholeEs F$nning Jo$rney' A'p'" *ct 201C' 1eb' 24
Mar' 2014' 3http+44nicholer$nning'blogspot'com4p4n$trition'html6'
%his so$rce is a blog of an *lympic le7el r$nner' %his specific post tal!s abo$t n$trition
and diet" and her mentality abo$t the foods that she eats' As she changed her eating habits" she
noticed res$lts' As an *lympic r$nner" she has a mentality of e7ery little bit co$nts' @he noted
that for eating" some days she ,as moti7ated to care to eat right" and some days she ,as not'
@he did it either ,ay" ho,e7er" ,hich is ,hat ma!es her an *lympic caliber athlete' %his post
o$tlines her process of !no,ing nothing abo$t n$trition to !no,ing <$ite a bit" both !no,ledge
and e9perience'
%his is a good change$p from other so$rces # ha7e' %his is m$ch less of a st$dy and
more an insight of the tho$ght process of an elite athlete' #t is rele7ant beca$se it e9plains her
n$tritional !no,ledge" ,hat she has learned" and ho, it has changed her training' # can
implement her story into my essay' # li!e ho, it bridges the gap bet,een my other so$rces"
,hich deal ,ith st$dies and facts" and the real ,orld'
%his article is a credible so$rce' @ince my <$estion has to do ,ith !no,ledge among
athletes and non-athletes" getting their perspecti7e on the matter ties in directly ,ith the
<$estion' %he a$thor has competed in the *lympics and so is ob7io$sly an elite athlete' Also"
she has some information that came from a registered dietitian and sports n$tritionist'
@o,ell" G" @'M Ahmed" and J'P 1arber' (%he A$trition Gno,ledge of >ollegiate i7ision # Male
and 8emale @cholarship Bas!etball Players >ompared to a Fandom @ample of Aon-
Athletes at an )rban )ni7ersity'( Journal of the American Dietetic Association' 10H'8
/200H0' Print'
%his article is a st$dy of strictly n$tritional !no,ledge bet,een a random sample of male
athletes" female athletes" male non-athletes" and female non-athletes' %he sample is ta!en from
a college $ni7ersity and participants too! a test composed of 20 m$ltiple choice <$estions'
8emales scored significantly higher than males" and non-athletes act$ally scored higher than
athletes' >a$ses for these differences co$ld incl$de the fact that ,omen ta!e more n$tritional
classes than men and athletes get most of their information from athletic trainers and
magaIines'
# li!e this article beca$se it gi7es a statistic that yo$ ,o$ldn?t e9pect= the fact that non-
athletes scored higher in n$tritional !no,ledge than athletes' #t pro7ides a good dynamic into
non-athletes" since most of my report th$s far has to do ,ith athletes only' #t does concern me
that the sample siIe ,as a total of 40" beca$se that co$ld be s!e,ed' Altho$gh this so$rce
reports the fact that non-athletes ha7e more !no,ledge" # thin! that that is strict !no,ledge and
athletes act$ally ha7e more !no,ledge ,hen it comes to application into the real ,orld' @o
altho$gh they might not !no, the boo! !no,ledge" they ha7e the e9perience of ,hat helps
them perform better'
%his is a credible so$rce beca$se of the fact that the one a$thor has a Ph in A$trition
and ietetics" another a$thor is a rPH and a registered dietician' %he s$b5ect assessed ,as
carried o$t in the proper ,ay and res$lts seem to match $p ,ith the goal'
%scholl" P" JM Alonso" J olle" A J$nge" and J 7ora!' (%he )se of r$gs and A$tritional
@$pplements in %op-Ke7el %rac! and 8ield Athletes'( The American Journal of Sports
Medicine' C8'1 /20100+ 1CC-40' Print'
%his article is another statistical st$dy on elite athletes" b$t ,ith their $se of dr$gs and
s$pplements and ,hat demographics ha7e a big difference' 8or instance" $sage is less among
trac! athletes than team athletes" b$t :s$pplements are $sed more than t,ice as often /in trac!0
as they are in soccer and other m$ltisport e7ents;' %he sample siIes are C88B athletes" almost
e7enly split male and female' %hey are di7erse" ranging from African" Asian" E$ropean" @o$th
American" oceanic" and also di7ided by type of athletic e7ent s$ch as po,er" sprint" long
distance" etc' #t is also di7ided into top-8 athletes and all others' Medication $se increased ,ith
age and increased in competition /rather than :o$tside competition;0' 8emales reported more
s$pplement $se than males' %he $se of s$pplements and medication did not necessarily aid in
competition" as teams and athletes ,ith championships did not necessarily see a relation
bet,een performance and $sage'
%his so$rce is great for my research beca$se it co7ers a 7ery ,ide array of statistical
data that # can come to concl$sions ,ith' #t sho,s that performance does not necessarily
increase ,ith s$pplementation /,hich is a good thing0" and also it sho,s all the demographics'
#t sho,s the difference bet,een %op-8 athletes /elite0 and all others /both elite and not0' # can
dra, some concl$sions abo$t n$trition from this' *ne thing it points o$t is concerns of ,hether
or not all the medication and s$pplementation is necessary" or if athletes are ta!ing too m$ch'
%his is a 7ery credible article' #t comes from %he American Jo$rnal of @ports Medicine"
associated ,ith the American *rthopaedic @ociety for @ports Medicine' Most a$thors are
medical doctors" and one has a Ph' All the so$rces that they reference are credible" coming
from different associations for sports s$ch as 8#8A for soccer'