October 2011

ICS 77.140.50 Supersedes

DIN 693522010-O1
Cold bending of flat rolled steel,
English translation of DIN 6935:2011-10
Kaltbiegen__von Flacherzeugnissen aus Stahl,
Englische Ubersetzung von DIN 6935:2011-10
Cintrage a froid des produits plats en acier,
Traduction anglaise de DIN 6935:2011-10
Document comprises 13 pages
Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.
In case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.
DIN 6935:2011-10
A comma is used as the decimal marker.
Contents
Page
Foreword ....................................................................................................................................................... .. 3
1 Scope ............................................................................................................................................... .. 4
2 Normative references ..................................................................................................................... .. 4
3 Bending radii ................................................................................................................................... .. 4
3.1 General ............................................................................................................................................. .. 4
3.2 Bending angle 04 and thickness s .................................................................................................. .. 4
4 Key to materials .............................................................................................................................. .. 6
5 Minimum leg length ........................................................................................................................ .. 6
6 Permissible deviations for angular positions on bending sections .......................................... .. 6
7 Calculation of developed lengths ................................................................................................. .. 7
8 Representation and position of bend lines for developments ................................................. .. 10
9 Dimensioning and calculation of developed lengths (examples) ............................................ .. 10
10 Development and marking of bend line position (example) .................................................... .. 12
Bibliography ............................................................................................................................................... .. 13
2
DIN 6935:2011-10
Foreword
This standard has been prepared by Working Committee NA 026-00-03 AA Stanzteile of the Normen-
ausschuss Federn, Stanzteile and Blechformteile (NAFS) (Springs, Stamped Parts and Moulded Parts
Standards Committee).
For more information on NAFS, visit our website at www.nafs.din.de.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. DIN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Amendments
This standard differs from DIN 6935:2010-01 as follows:
a) the scope has been updated;
b) normative references have been updated;
c) figures have been provided with titles;
d) Clause 3 has been changed;
e) Tables 1 to 3 have been revised;
f) the standard has been editorially revised.
Previous editions
DIN 6935: 1958 -01, 1967-05, 1969-05, 1975-10, 2010-01
3
DIN 6935:2011-10
1 Scope
This standard applies for bent parts made of flat steel products for application in steel construction and
mechanical engineering.
For standards on flat steel products, see DIN EN 10025-2.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
DIN 250, Radii
DIN EN 10025-2, Hot-rolled products of structural steels Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for non-al/oy
structural steels
3 Bending radii
3.1 General
When bending flat rolled steel such as sheets, strips, wide flats etc., the rolling direction shall be taken into
consideration, since bending should be carried out transverse to the rolling direction, because this is more
suitable for bending.
The suitability of the rolled steel for bending shall be agreed with the manufacturers works when ordering. To
guarantee bending suitability, the rolled surface shall be flawless and the sheared edges straight. For flat
rolled steel, the sheared edges on the outside of a bend shall also be de-burred at the bending location to
prevent cracks from spreading from the cut edges.
3.2 Bending angle a and thickness s
The bending angle a can have any value between 0 and 18 0. Thickness s decreases by approximately 20 %
in the rounded portion (see Figure 1).
1;). -'1?
-_- I
.. .. I ~ '= E
< 1
Key
r Bending radius
0: Bending angle
Opening angle
Figure 1 Bending radius (notation)
To obtain uniform bends on bending rails, it is recommended that only bending radii from the series below be
selected. The values printed in bold are to be preferred.
4
DIN 6935:2011-10
Dimensions in millimetres
IIIEEHHIHHEHEEEEEM
These bending radii comply with the radii according to DIN 250.
Table 1 gives the minimum permissible bending radii to be chosen for given sheet thicknesses and materials
and for the applicable bending machines. The indicated values apply for bending angles as 120. For
bending angles 04> 120 the next higher value in the table shall be used, e.g. if sheets of S 275 JR according
to DIN EN 10025-2 are to be bent transverse to the rolling direction, with a thickness S = 6 mm, the minimum
permissible bending radius is r : 10 mm for as 120 and r = 12 mm for 04> 120.
Table 1 Minimum permissible bending radius r
Dimensions in millimetres
For Minimum permissible bending radius r for thicknesses 5
bending Up Over Over Over Over Over Over Over Over Over Over Over Over Over Over
transverse to
Steel
grades to the 1 1 1,5
S 235
S 235
S 235
.R
B-0
.2
or parallel
2,5 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 12 14 16 18
rolling upto upto upto upto upto upto upto upto upto upto upto upto upto upto
direction
Transverse
1,5 2,5 3 4 5 6 7
1,6 2,5 3 5 6 8 "
12 14 16 18 20
20 25 28 36 40
Parallel 1,6 2,5 3 6 8 O 25 28 32 40 45
S 275
S 275
S 275
.R
B-0
.2
Transverse 2 3 4 5 8 O 25 28 32 40 45
Parallel 2 3 4 6 10 2 32 36 40 45 50
S 355
S 355
S 355
Table 2 gives permissible deviations for minimum bending radii which are to be expected for various sheet
thicknesses and materials.
Steel grades
S 235
S 235
S 235
.R
B-0
.2
R
O
2
Transverse 2,5 4 5 6 8 O 25 32 36 45 50
Parallel 2,5 4 5 8 10 2 32 36 40 50 63
Table 2 Permissible deviations for minimum bending radii r
Dimensions in millimetres
Permissible deviations for minimum bending radii r for thicknesses s
Up to 3 Over 3 up to 8 Over 8 up to 20
+0,5 +1
I3 O
+1,5
0
S 275
S 275
S 275 | \ > o;U
+0,8 +1,5
I3 O
+2
0
S 355
S 355
S 355 | \ > o;U
+1 +2
0 0
+3
0
5
DIN 6935:2011-10
4 Key to materials
Table 3 provides examples of materials for which suitability for cold bending, cold flanging and cold curling is
guaranteed, taking into account the minimum permissible bending radii specified in Table 1.
Table 3 Key to materials (examples)
Steel grade with a minimum tensile strength
TY P f 519 Over 360 MPa Over 430 MPa Over 510 MPa
up to 510 MPa up to 58 0 MPa up to 68 0 MPa
Hot-rolled products of
structural steels according S 235 JR S 275 JR S 355 J2
to DIN EN 10025-2
5 Minimum leg length
When mechanically bending sections of sheet metal, the leg length b is approximately 4 - r (see Figure 2).
QJ
1
Figure 2 Minimum leg length (notation)
6 Permissible deviations for angular positions on bending sections
Table 4 provides an overview of permissible deviations of bending angles in relation to leg lengths.
Table 4 Permissible deviations of angular positions
Dimensions 'n millimetres
Leg lengths a and b
(wherethe ShQfte| '| eg Upto 30 Over 30 up to Over 50 up to Over 8 0 up to Over 120
length is regarded as the 50 8 0 129
nominal length)
E:;'Li';':LgfIe;'t'" f + 2 + 1 45' + 1 30' + 1 15' + 1
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DIN 6935:2011-10
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Figure 3 Permissible deviations for angular positions (notation)
Values apply for a ratio up to r : s : 4. For a larger (r : s) ratio, a larger deviation due to spring back is to be
expected (see Figure 3).
7 Calculation of developed lengths
Developed length:a+b+v. Depending on the value of the bending angle, v varies and represents a
compensating value which, at an opening angle ,6 of 0 up to 65 (calculated value 65 24' 30" ), can be
negative or positive, and at an opening angle over 65 can only be negative.
Developed lengths shall be rounded up to the nearest full millimetre.
Opening angle ,60 up to 90
Compensating value u = 1; - {I8 10;0_ '8 ) ( 2 k) 2 (r + s) (1)
4.5
'
RI
.t~
~ aIFI
3
Figure 4 Opening angle ,6 0 up to 90 (notation)
7
DIN 6935:2011-10
Opening angle ,690 up to 165
Compensating value 0 : 1c- I8 00 _ '8 S k 2 (r + s)- tan E (2)
18 0 2 2
/I?
ml
I
0.
Sggl?
u
-
Figure 5 Opening angle ,690 up to 165 (notation)
Opening angle ,6165 up to 18 0
Compensating value 0 : 0
The values for 0 are negligibly small in this case and sufficiently accurate for practical applications.
,5
. b El
I AA
_'Ii__
5
---in-I-| -I|
Figure 6 Opening angle ,6165 up to 18 0 (notation)
Correction factor k to determine the cut lengths of bent workpieces
The correction factor k gives the deviation of the position of the neutral line; and can be calculated as
follows:
k:0,65+lIg (3)
2 s
or can be taken from the following graphical representation in Figure 7, which represents the equation. For
r : s > 5, Equation (3) is no longer valid so that k: 1 applies.
8
DIN 6935:2011-10
if I
1,2
1,1
1
0,9
0,8
0,?
0,6
0,5
0,11 L
0,3 I
0,2
0,1
-
0
0 " 2 3 L 5
Pl 5
Figure 7 Graphical representation of correction factor
If only minimum requirements are set for the determination of cut lengths, rounded values as grouped together
in Table 5 may be used for the correction factor k.
Table 5 Correction factor k, rounded values
Inte_maI bendIn9' Over 0,65 Over 1 Over 1,5 Over 2,4 Over 3,8
radius r as a .
Rat| O r ' s
function of sheet '
thickness S up to 1 up to 1,5 up to 2,4 up to 3,8
C t' f t k orrec ion ac or 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,9 1
(rounded values)
For any value for ,6, r and s, the corresponding compensating values 0 can also be identified by the use of the
correction factor ktogether with the graphical representations of factors in DIN 6935, Supplement 1.
For calculated compensating values 0 for several opening and bending angles based on the above formula for
correction factor k, see DIN 6935, Supplement 2.
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DIN 6935:2011-10
8 Representation and position of bend lines for developments
The bend line indicates the middle of the bending radius and shall be represented by a thin continuous line.
The position of the bend line results from the abutting leg lengths a and b, with half of the positive or negative
compensating value 0 taken into account (see Figure 8 ).
_ .-l+0+v I
0+ -'72 W2 +3
Figure 8 Representation and position of the bend line (notation)
Developments shall only be explicitly drawn if the shape of the cut sheet is not unambiguously determined by
dimensioning and indication of the bend line.
9 Dimensioning and calculation of developed lengths (examples)
All dimensions in millimetres
EXAMPLE 1
Material: S 235 JR
Sum of leg lengths .. ..................... .. 50 + 200 + 8 0 = 330
FOI,B= 9(),r= 6,s= 4then .......... ..v= 8 ,26
FOI,B= 9(),r= 2(),s= 4[hen .......... .. v= 13,44= 21,7
Developed length ........................................ .. 308 ,3
z 309
Dimensions in millimetres
200
s -;> ,_,. Q35 E
1+
Figure 9 Example 1 (notation)
10
EXAMPLE 2
Material: S 235 JR
Sum of leg length .. ....................... .. 50+ 170+246+50= 516
For,6= 9(),r= 20,s= 12[hen ......... ..v= 25,41
For,6= 45,r= 2(),s= 12[hen.......... ..v= 6,12
For,6= 135, r: 32, S: 12 then ......... .. 0: 7,25= 38 ,78
Developed length ........................................ .. 477,22
_l
_l
z 478
A
I? 8
fa
Figure 10 Example 2 (notation)
{ 1;; 935.
3 ,1: /9 bf] .
L-.1 9
5U
DIN 6935:2011-10
Dimensions in millimetres
11
DIN 6935:2011-10
10 Development and marking of bend line position (example)
Material: S 355 J2
All dimensions in millimetres
Development:
Sum of leg lengths .. ........................... .. 45 + 50 + 32 = 127
For,6= 45,r= 1(),s= 5[hen ......... ..v= 1,72
For,6= 135,r= 10,s= 5then ......... ..v= 3,00 = 4,72
Developed length ........................................ .. = 122,28
~ 123 Dimensions in millimetres
I-+5
I 111
< 0 FR
1 = J;
--II
--I.| '
II lip
32
= 5?
5'35.
rn
i." " ~ I
,_
I
I
E
.l I
Figure 11 Development and marking of bend line position (example) (notation)
Position of bend lines:
For leg length = 45, ,6: 45, r= 10, s = 5 and 0 = 1,72 then 45% : 45 0,8 6 : 44,14 ~ 44
For leg length = 32,,6= 135,r= 10,s= 5 and 0 = 3 then 32 %= 32 1,5 = 30,5 ~ 31
12
DIN 6935:2011-10
Bibliography
DIN 1623, Cold rolled strip and sheet Technical delivery conditions General structural steels
DIN 6935 Supplement 1, Cold bending of flat rolled steel Supplement 1: Factors determining the correction
value 0 for calculating length of flats prior to bending
DIN 6935 Supplement2, Cold bending of flat steel products Supplement 2: Calculated compensating
valuesv
DIN 59200, Flat products of steel Hot rolled wide flats Dimensions, mass, tolerances on dimensions,
shape and mass
DIN EN 10048 , Hot-rolled narrow steel strip Tolerances on dimensions and shape
DIN EN 10058 , Hot rolled flat steel bars for general purposes Dimensions and tolerances on shape and
dimensions
DIN EN 10131, Cold rolled uncoated and zinc or zinc-nickel electrolytically coated low carbon and high yield
strength steel flat products for cold forming Tolerances on dimensions and shape
DIN EN 10139, Cold rolled uncoated mild steel narrow strip for cold forming Technical delivery conditions
DIN EN 10140, Cold rolled narrow steel strip Tolerances on dimensions and shape
13