VECHI UNITI DE MSUR ROMNETI

Inst. Pecingin Camelia

.S.I.M.!"lteni # St$%ct%$a C&c&$eni
'nce(%te )in necesitatea )e a )ete$mina )istan*e+ a$ii ale s%($a,e*el&$ te$en%$il&$+
cantitit*i-.&l%me+ g$e%t*i /)e ,a(t mase0 )e ($&)%se+ a( 1i )i,e$ite mate$iale sa% )e a
)ete$mina )%$ate+ inte$.ale )e tim( 1i )e a sta2ili sc$i )e tim( etc.+ ms%$ile )e l%ngime 1i )e
mas /)en%mit+ ca mi3l&c )e ms%$a$e+ g$e%tate0+ a% ,&st 2a4ate+ "n t&at l%mea+ la
"nce(%t%$ile l&$+ (e %nit*i )e ms%$ ca$e )e$i.a% )e la )i,e$ite elemente ale c&$(%l%i
&menesc. Cotul+ palma+ palmacul+ degetul+ piciorul &m%l%i+ ca$e a% $e($e4entat c5ia$ ($imele
mi3l&ace )e ms%$a$e+ a% alct%it 2a4a sistem%l%i )e ms%$i (ent$% l%ngime+ a$ie+
.&l%m-ca(acitate. 61a a% ,&st+ "n antic5itate+ cotul egiptean+ cotul persan 1i cotul babilonean
1i+ "n $ecia+ piciorul antic 1i piciorul olimpic+ ia$ "n E%$&(a a(%sean piciorul roman+
piciorul antic i piciorul olimpic.
St$m&1ii n&1t$i+ get&#)acii+ ca$e a% t$it "n s(a*i%l ca$(at&#)%n$ean+ a% ,&l&sit+ ca 1i
alte (&(&a$e+ %nit*ile 1i ms%$ile )e l%ngime cot, palm, deget, picior, pas. Ca g$e%t*i 1i+
$es(ecti.+ ms%$i )e mas a% ,&l&sit a1a n%mitele ponduri )in (iat$+ ce$amic+ 2$&n4 1i
(l%m2+ ia$ (ent$% ms%$a$ea .&l%m%l%i-ca(acit*ii lic5i)el&$ e$a% ,&l&site ms%$ile )en%mite+
ca 1i la $&mani+ amphore.
Ms%$ile 1i g$e%t*ile ,&l&site )e get&#)aci a% ,&st in,l%en*ate )e cele ,&l&site "n statele
c% ca$e ei a% a.%t $ela*ii ec&n&mice 1i c%lt%$ale. M$t%$ii a$5e&l&gice c&n,i$m e7isten*a (e
te$it&$i%l *$ii n&ast$e a ms%$il&$ 1i g$e%t*il&$ )in sistemele )e ms%$a$e g$ecesc 1i $&man+ c%
($i&$itate a cel&$ )in sistem%l $&man+ ca$e a ,&st int$&)%s mai "nt8i "n !anat 1i T$ansil.ania+
)%( c%ce$i$ea Daciei )e ct$e Im(e$i%l R&man+ la "nce(%t%l sec&l%l%i al II#lea. Unit*ile 1i+
$es(ecti.+ ms%$ile )e l%ngime pasus, palmus, digitus ale $&manil&$ a% )e.enit pas, palm 1i+
$es(ecti.+ deget la $&m8ni+ ia$ %nitatea )e a$ie (ent$% s%($a,e*ele ag$a$e a )e.enit
iugrul/jugrul )in T$ansil.ania. Val&$ile acest&$ %nit*i e7($imate "n %nitatea metru e$a%+
"ns+ )i,e$ite9 )e e7em(l%+ cotul la $&mani 1i g$eci e$a )e :+;;; m 1i + $es(ecti.+ :+;<= m+ "n
tim( ce la $&m8ni e$a )e :+<>? m "n M&l)&.a 1i :+<<; m "n M%ntenia.
Ms%$ile+ $es(ecti. %nit*ile )e ms%$ ,&l&site (ent$% l%ngime+ ca(acitate-.&l%m+
mas /g$e%tate0+ s%($a,a* 1i .al&a$e a% )i,e$it .al&$ic "nt$e ele+ )e la & ($&.incie $&m8neasc
la alta+ )e1i a.ea% aceea1i )en%mi$e. De e7em(l%9
I. Msuri pentru lungime
@. 'n M%ntenia9 @ st8n3en A B (alme A @+C? mD
@ (alm A @: )egete A =;+<= cmD
@ (almac A @= linii A >: mmD
@ )eget A @: linii A =E mmD
@ ($3in A > st8n3eniD
@ linie A =+E mmD
@ (&1t A =: Fm.
=. 'n M&l)&.a9 @ st8n3en A B (alme A =+=> mD
@ (alm A B (almace A =?+B? cm
@ (almac A @= linii A >E mmD
@ )eget A =B mmD
@ linie A =+C mmD
@ ($3in A > st8n3eni A <+<C mD
@ (&1t A =: Fm.
Pent$% st&,e+ "n M%ntenia e$a9 @ c&t A <>+? cm 1i "n M&l)&.a @ c&t A <<+; cm.
>. 'n T$ansil.ania9 @ st8n3en A < 1%c%$iD
@ 1%c A @= (&lica$iD
@ (&lica$ A @= linii /ci$ca > cm0.
II. Msuri pentru capacitate
@. 'n M%ntenia9 @ .a)$ A @: &cale A @=+BB lD
@ &ca A ; lit$e A @+=BB lD
@ lit$ A :+>= l.
Pent$% g$%n*e9 @ 2ani* A =: &cale
@ c5il A =: )e 2ani*e A ? 5l A >E ))al
=. 'n M&l)&.a9 @ .a)$ A@: &cale A @E+=: lD
@ &ca A ; lit$e A @+E= lD
@ lit$ A :+>B l.
Pent$% g$%n*e9 @ 2ani* A =: &caleD
@ me$* A @: 2ani*e /)ime$lii0D
@ c5il A = me$*e.
>. 'n T$ansil.ania9 @ .a)$ A @=+>: lD
III. Msuri pentru volum
@. 'n M%ntenia9 @ st8n3en c%2 A ?+< m
>
=. 'n M&l)&.a9 @ st8n3en c%2 A @@ m
>

>. 'n T$ansil.ania9 @ st8n3en c%2 A <+B m
>

IV. Msuri pentru mas (greutate)
@. 'n M%ntenia9 @ &ca A ; lit$e A @+=?= FgD
@ lit$ A@:: )$am%$i A >@B g.
=. 'n M&l)&.a9 @ &ca A ; lit$e A @+=C@ FgD
@ lit$ A@:: )$am%$i A >== g.
>. 'n T$ansil.ania9 @ ma3 A @:: ,&n*i A E<+ ::E Fg.
V. Msuri pentru suprafa
@. 'n M%ntenia9 @ st8n3en (t$at A >+B? m
=
D
@ ($3in (t$at A C st8n3eni (t$a*iD
@ (&g&n A @ =C< st8n3eni (t$a*i A @;; ($3ini (t$ate A E:+@= a$i.
=. 'n M&l)&.a9 @ st8n3en (t$at A ;+C? m
=
D
@ ($3in ,lceasc A ; ($3ini (t$ateD
@ (&g&n A<;+;@ a$i
@ ,alce A B: ($3ini ,lce1ti A @+;> 5a.
>. 'n T$ansil.ania9 @ i%g$ A @ <:: st8n3eni (t$a*i A E?+?E a$i.
VI. Msuri pentru valoare
@ le% .ec5i A ;: (a$aleD
@ (a$a A = lsciD
@ &$t A G )e le% .ec5i.
De1i )i,e$ite .al&$ic "nt$e ele+ %nit*ile )e ms%$ )in $ile R&m8ne a% c&nt$i2%it la
)e4.&lta$ea $ela*iil&$ ec&n&mice 1i c&me$ciale )int$e acestea. 'n acela1i tim(+ %nitatea
)en%mi$il&$ acest&$ %nit*i )e ms%$ $e,lect %nitatea lim2ii 1i c%lt%$ii (&(&$%l%i $&m8n. Se
im(%nea+ "ns+ c% a2s&l%t necesitate+ %ni,ica$ea %nit*il&$ )e ms%$+ "n ($ima 3%mtate a
sec&l%l%i al HIH#lea+ a1a c%m aceasta se im(%sese "n *$ile )in E%$&(a )e .est+ "n ($im%l $8n)
"n I$an*a+ ($in $e.&l%*ia )in @?BC. 'nt$%c8t e$a 2a4at (e %nitatea metru+ sistem%l )e %nit*i
c$eat "n I$an*a a ,&st n%mit Sistem%l Met$ic. 6t%nci+ a "nce(%t & n&% eta( "n ist&$ia
%nit*il&$ )e ms%$+ eta( ce a.ea s )%c la Sistem%l Inte$na*i&nal )e Unit*i /SI0.