Articolul

Definitie: - reprezinta un determinant substantival care contribuie la realizarea

intelesului unui substantiv intr-o propozitie.
Tipuri de articole:
Articolul Hotarat - THE
Articolul Nehotarat - A / AN
Articolul zero (forma implicita sau neeprimata!
Articolul hotarat THE:
"and folosim articolul hotarat#
$naintea unui substantiv care a mai fost mentionat in tetul respectiv:
Eemplu: A man %noc%ed at the door and a &irl opened it. The man 'as her father.
$naintea substantivelor care sunt unice:
Eemplu: the moon( the earth( the star( the sun( the air
$naintea numeralelor ordinale:
Eemplu: the first( the second( the third( the t'ent)-first( the seventeenth
$n realizarea superlativului:
Eemplu: the best )ear( the )oun&est &irl( the most important( the fastest( the tallest
$naintea substantivelor care reprezinta nume de colectivitati si institutii:
Eemplu: the arm)( the cro'd( the &overnment( the police( the parliament
$naintea unor nume proprii (nume de familie( muzee( teatre( ziare( hoteluri( etc!:
Eemplu: the *ro'ns( the +ohns( the National Theatre( the ,arriott -rand Hotel( the Ne'
.or% Times( the *eatles
$naintea substantivelor care indica nume de locuri &eo&rafice( munti( fluvii( oceane(
mari etc:
Eemplu: the Alps( the Atlantic( the Thames( the Danube( the /ed 0ea( the 0ahara
Articolul nehotarat A / AN
1tilizam articolul nehotarat A:
$naintea substantivelor care incep cu o consoana:
Eemple: a &irl( a bo)( a teacher( a famil)( a classroom
1tilizam articolul nehotarat AN:
$naintea substantivelor care incep cu o vocala (a( e( i( o( u!:
Eemple: an elephant( an apple( an intervie'( an onion( an action
Articolul nehotarat - eceptii:
2olosim articolul nehotarat AN inaintea unui substantiv care incepe cu litera 3h3( doar
atunci cand este vorba despre un 3h mut3.
Eemple: an hour( an honour
2olosim articolul nehotarat A inaintea unui substantiv care incepe cu litera 3u3 sau
&rupul de litere 3eu3( doar atunci cand acestea se pronunta ca 3)ou3
Eemple: a European( a universit)( a unit
"and folosim articolul nehotarat A/AN#
$naintea unui substantiv concret nedeterminat si numarabil:
Eemple: A bo) entered into the classroom.
The reporter too% an intervie'.
$naintea unui substantiv concret cu functia de nume predicativ:
Eemplu: 0he is a teacher.
/onnie is an elephant.
Articolul zero
Nu folosim articol in urmatoarele situatii:
$naintea substantivelor care indica nume proprii la sin&ular:
Eemplu: 4aul is &oin& to the school.
$naintea substantivelor care indica nume de tari( orase si limba acestora:
Eemple: 2rance is a European countr).
.ou spea% En&lish fluentl).
*ucharest is the capital of /omania.
$n unele epresii invariabile:
Eemplu: b) car( at school( in church( b) train
$naintea substantivelor abstracte( care indica nume de culori( stiinte( arte( materii etc:
Eemplu: beaut)( health( dinner( lunch( brea%fast( truth( &reen( &old( silver( mathematics(
ph)sics
Eercitii
5. "ompletati cu a / an / the acolo unde este cazul:
666 'oman
666 unit
666 1nited 0tates of America
666 +ohnsons
666 elephant
666 beaut)
666 hour
666 Thames
7. "ompletati propozitiile din tetul de mai 8os cu a/an:
a! 666 old 'oman lau&hed at him.
b! 666 cat and 666 do& 'ere in the %itchen.
c! $ sa' 666 elephant at the zoo.
d! $t 'as 666 ecellent movie.
e! 0he 'atched 666 T9 sho'
:. "ompletati cu a / an / the acolo unde este cazul:
Daniel is 666 teacher. He li%es 666 4h)sics ver) much. He teaches at 666 Theoretical
Hi&hschool from 666 *ucharest. 666pupils li%e him ver) much. ;ne da)( he decided to ta%e
666 children to see 666 laborator) from another hi&hschool. There( the) made 666 eperiment.
All 666 children considered 666 eperiment 666 most interestin& the) have ever made.
<ectia 5: Articolul - raspunsuri
5. "ompletati cu a / an / the acolo unde este cazul:
a 'oman
an unit
The 1nited 0tates of America
The +ohnsons
an elephant
a beaut)
an hour
The Thames
7. "ompletati propozitiile din tetul de mai 8os cu a/an:
a! An old 'oman lau&hed at him.
b! A cat and a do& 'ere in the %itchen.
c! $ sa' an elephant at the zoo.
d! $t 'as an ecellent movie.
e! 0he 'atched a T9 sho'
:. "ompletati cu a / an / the acolo unde este cazul:
Daniel is a teacher. He li%es the 4h)sics ver) much. He teaches at a Theoretical Hi&hschool
from the *ucharest. The pupils li%e him ver) much. ;ne da)( he decided to ta%e the children to
see a laborator) from another hi&hschool. There( the) made an eperiment. All the children
considered the eperiment the most interestin& the) have ever made.
Numeralul
Numeralul cardinal
5 one 55 eleven := thirt)
7 t'o 57 t'elve >= fort)
: three 5: thirteen ?= fift)
> four 5> fourteen @= sit)
? five 5? fifteen A= sevent)
@ si 5@ siteen B= ei&ht)
A seven 5A seventeen C= ninet)
B ei&ht 5B ei&hteen 5== one hundred
C nine 5C nineteen 7== t'o hundred
5= ten 7= t'ent) 5=== one thousand
5?: one hundred and fift)-three
5CB one hundred and ninet)-ei&ht
7=: t'o hundred and three
>=? four hundred and fift)
5(===(=== one million
57(===(=== t'elve million
5:(@:7(?75 thirteen million si hundred thirt)-t'o thousand five hundred and
t'ent)-one
AtentieD
se foloseste cratima intre numeralul zecilor si cel al unitatilor
Eemple: 75 t'ent)-oneE CC ninet)-nine
se pune vir&ula dupa fiecare &rup care indica miile
Eemplu: 5(777(:?5
mentionarea con8unctiei and este obli&atorie inaintea &rupului zecilor si unitatea finala
Eemplu: 7(?:7 - t'o thousand five hundred and thirt)-t'o
cifrele zecimale se citesc astfel:
7.>B:7 - t'o point four ei&ht three t'o
Numeralul ordinal
5st first
7nd second
:rd third
>th fourth
?th fifth
@th sith
Ath seventh
Bth ei&hth
Cth ninth
5=th tenth
55th eleventh
57th t'elvth
5:th thirteenth
5>th fourteenth
5?th fifteenth
5@th siteenth
5Ath seventeenth
5Bth ei&hteenth
5Cth nineteenth
7=th t'entieth
75st t'ent)-first
77nd t'ent)-second
7:rd t'ent)-third
....... .......
:=th thirtieth
>=th fortieth
....... .......
5==th hundredth
5(=== thousandth
5(===(=== millionth
,od de formare:
prin adau&area terminatiei 3th3 la numeralul cardinal corespunzator
Eceptii:
one --- first (5st!
t'o --- second (7nd!
three --- third (:rd!
five si nine( la care se suprima -e final( fifth (?th! si ninth (Cth!
zecile la care -) final se transforma in -ie
fort) --- fortieth (>=th!
Alte numerale
Data: in ,area *ritanie se foloseste intotdeauna forma unui numeral ordinal pentru a indica
data.
Eemple:
75st +ul) (the t'ent)-first of +ul)!
+une >th (the fourth of +une!
7: April( 5CBC (the t'ent)-third of April nineteen ei&ht)-nine!
December 7C (the t'ent)-ninth of December!
2ractii:
5/7 se citeste one half
:/> se citeste three Fuarters
A/B se citeste seven ei&hts
;ra:
ten to one (unu fara zece!
half past si (sase si 8umatate!
t'elve and a Fuarter (douasprezece si un sfert!
a Fuarter to t'o (doua fara un sfert!
Eercitii:
5. 0crieti in litere urmatoarele cifre:
57: -
5(>?= -
?B -
:: -
5(=7> -
CB? -
7> -
>B -
7. Traduceti in limba en&leza:
a! Giua mea de nastere este pe data de 77 mai.
b! Am a8uns in *ucuresti pe data de 5> iunie.
c! +ohn este al patrulea elev din clasa.
d! > $ulie este ziua nationala a Americii.
e! 4rimul autobuz din parcare este al nostru.
f! 0unt 5> elevi in aceasta clasa.
:. 0crieti in litere urmatoarele ore:
5=:>? -
55:7? -
57:>= -
5:::= -
5>:=? H
<ectia 7: Numeralul - raspunsuri
5. 0crieti in litere urmatoarele cifre:
57: - one hundred and t'ent)-three
5(>?= - one thousand four hundred and fift)
?B - fift)-ei&ht
:: - thirt)-three
5(=7> - one thousand and t'nt)-four
CB? - nine hundred and ei&ht)-five
7> - t'ent)-four
>B - fort)-ei&ht
7. Traduceti in limba en&leza:
a! Giua mea de nastere este pe data de 77 mai.
,) birthda) is on 77nd of ,a).
b! Am a8uns in *ucuresti pe data de 5> iunie.
$ arrived in *ucharest on 5>th of +une.
c! +ohn este al patrulea elev din clasa.
+ohn is the fourth pupil from his classroom.
d! > $ulie este ziua nationala a Americii.
>th of +ul) is the National Da) of the 1nited 0tates of America.
e! 4rimul autobuz din parcare este al nostru.
The first bus from the par%in& is ours.
f! 0unt 5> elevi in aceasta clasa.
There are fourteen pupils in this classroom.
:. 0crieti in litere urmatoarele ore:
5=:>? - a Fuarter to eleven
55:7? - t'ent)-five minutes past eleven
57:>= - t'ent) minutes to one
5:::= - half past one
5>:=? - five minutes past t'o
4ronumele
5. 4ronumele personal
a! cu functie de subiect
b! cu functie de complement
a! 2orma pronumelui personal cu functie de subiect:
$ --- eu
.ou --- tu( dumneata( dumneavoastra
He --- el
0he --- ea
$t --- el( ea (neutru!( pentru nume de obiecte( lucruri( animale
Ie --- noi
.ou --- voi( dumneavoastra
The) --- ei( ele( dumnealor
Eemple: $ am a bi& &irl.
He lives near the school.
Ie li%e chocolate ver) much.
Do )ou li%e football#
b! 2orma pronumelui personal cu functie de complement:
me
- mie( imi( mi (complement indirect!
- pe mine( ma( m (complement direct!
)ou
- tie( iti( ti( dumitale( dumneavoastra (complement indirect!
- pe tine( te( pe dumneata( pe dumneavoastra (complement direct!

him
- lui( ii( i (complement indirect!
- pe el( il (complement direct!
her
- ei( ii( i (complement indirect!
- pe ea( o (complement direct!
it
- lui( ei( ii( i (complement indirect!
- pe el( il( pe ea( o (complement direct!
us
- noua( ne( ni (complement indirect!
- pe noi( ne (complement direct!
)ou
- voua( va( vi( dumneavoastra (complement indirect!
- pe voi( va( pe dumneavoastra (complement direct!
them
- lor( le( li (complement indirect!
- pe ei( ii( i (complement direct!
Eemple:
$ 'atch m) brother pla)in& tennis.
.ou &ave me a nice &ift.
-ive them a %iss from meD
7. 4ronumele refleive si de intarire
m)self --- ma( insumi( insami
)ourself --- te( insuti( insati
himself --- se( insusi
herself --- se( insesi
itself --- se( insusi( insasi (neutru!
ourselves --- ne( insine( insene
)ourselves --- va( insiva( inseva
themselves --- se( insisi( insesi
Eemple:
$ found m)self ver) smart.
Ie did ourselves all the eercises.
:. 4ronumele demonstrativ
this --- acesta( aceasta( asta( asta
that --- acela( aceea( ala( aia
these --- acestea( acestia( astia( astea
those --- acelea( aceia( aia( alea
Eemple:
This is m) brother.
Those are his parents.
>. 4ronumele posesive
mine --- al meu( a mea( ai mei( ale mele
)ours --- al tau( a ta( ai tai( ale tale
his --- al sau (a lui!( a sa (a lui!( ai sai (ai lui!( ale sale (ale lui!
hers --- al sau (a ei!( a sa (a ei!( ai sai (ai ei!( ale sale (ale ei!
its o'n --- al sau( a sa( ai sai( ale sale (neutru!
ours --- al nostru( a noastra( ai nostri( ale noastre
)ours --- al vostru( a voastra( ai vostri( ale voastre
their --- al lor( a lor( ai lor( ale lor
Eemple:
,) brother is tall( but )ours is taller.
His car is old( but hers is older.
$ lost m) pencil( can )ou lend me )ours#
?. 4ronumele nehotarat
some J bod)( one( thin&
an) J bod)( one( thin&
no J bod)( one( thin&
Eemple:
$ 'ant somethin& from )ou.
0he didnKt find an)thin& in the frid&e.
There 'as no one in the room.
@. 4ronumele relativ
'ho --- care
'hom/'ho --- pe care
'hose --- al (a( ai( ale! carui( careia( carora
'hat --- ce( ceea ce
'hich --- care( pe care (pt. lucruri( obiecte ...!
that --- care
Eemple:
,) brother( 'ho is a doctor( lives in *ucharest.
Tom( 'hose car 'as stolen( bou&ht another one last 'ee%.
$ found a cat that 'as lost.
$ didnKt li%e 'hat $ sa'.
A. 4ronumele intero&ativ
'ho# --- cine#
'hom# 'ho# --- pe cine#
'hose# --- al (a( ai( ale! cui#
'hat# --- care#( pe care(ce#
'hich# --- (pe! care dintre#
Eemple:
Ihom did )ou see last 0unda)#
Ihose shoes are those#
Ihat are )ou doin&#
Ihich do )ou li%e more#
Eercitii:
5. "ompletati propozitiile urmatoare cu forma corecta a pronumelui refleiv:
5! $ en8o)ed 6666666 at the part)
7! ,) father didnKt bu) the boo% for 6666666
:! The do& cut 6666666 'hile runnin& in the street.
>! Help 6666666 'ith some fruit( +ohn and ,ar).
?! Ie sa' 6666666 in the sno'.
7. "ompletati propozitiile de mai 8os cu forma corecta a pronumelui posesiv:
5! This is m) cat. $t is 6666666
7! That is his lamp. $t is 6666666
:! These are our maps. The) are 6666666
>! Those are their shoes. The) are 6666666
?! This is her shirt. $t is 6666666
:. "ompletati corect spatiile &oale cu unul dintre pronumele din paranteze:
5! $ sa' ,r. Thompson 6666666 is +ohnKs father. (that( 'ho( 'hich!
7! 6666666 did )ou meet last 'ee%( +ohn or 0teve# ('hich( 'ho( 'hose!
:! 4uff)( 6666666 is a bi& cat( is ver) laz). ('hich( 'ho( 'hose!
>! 6666666 are )ou doin&# ('hom( 'hat( that!
?! 6666666 is &oin& 'ith )ou at the theatre# ('ho( that( 'hom!
<ectia :: 4ronumele - raspunsuri
5. "ompletati propozitiile urmatoare cu forma corecta a pronumelui refleiv:
5! $ en8o)ed m)self at the part)
7! ,) father didnKt bu) the boo% for himself
:! The do& cut itself 'hile runnin& in the street.
>! Help )ourselves 'ith some fruit( +ohn and ,ar).
?! Ie sa' ourselves in the sno'.
7. "ompletati propozitiile de mai 8os cu forma corecta a pronumelui posesiv:
5! This is m) cat. $t is mine
7! That is his lamp. $t is his
:! These are our maps. The) are ours
>! Those are their shoes. The) are their
?! This is her shirt. $t is hers
:. "ompletati corect spatiile &oale cu unul dintre pronumele din paranteze:
5! $ sa' ,r. Thompson 'ho is +ohnKs father. (that( 'ho( 'hich!
7! Iho did )ou meet last 'ee%( +ohn or 0teve# ('hich( 'ho( 'hose!
:! 4uff)( 'hich is a bi& cat( is ver) laz). ('hich( 'ho( 'hose!
>! Ihat are )ou doin&# ('hom( 'hat( that!
?! Iho is &oin& 'ith )ou at the theatre# ('ho( that( 'hom!
9erbul
9erbul 3T; *E3 - a fi
2orma afirmativa:
$ am ($Km! - Eu sunt
.ou are (.ouKre! - Tu esti
He is (HeKs! - El este
0he is (0heKs! - Ea este
$t is ($tKs! - El/Ea este
Ie are (IeKre! - Noi suntem
.ou are (.ouKre! - 9oi sunteti
The) are (The)Kre! - Ei/Ele sunt
2orma intero&ativa:
Am $# - 0unt eu#
Are )ou# - Esti tu#
$s he# - Este el#
$s she# - Este ea#
$s it# - Este el/ea#
Are 'e# - 0untem noi#
Are )ou# - 0unteti voi#
Are the)# - 0unt ei/ele#
2orma ne&ativa:
$ am not ($Km not! - Eu nu sunt
.ou are not (.ou arenKt! - Tu nu esti
He is not (He isnKt! - El nu este
0he is not (0he isnKt! - Ea nu este
$t is not ($t isnKt! - El/Ea nu este
Ie are not (Ie arenKt! - Noi nu suntem
.ou are not (.ou arenKt! - 9oi nu sunteti
The) are not (The) arenKt! - Ei/Ele nu sunt
9erbul 3T; HA9E3 - a avea
2orma afirmativa:
$ have ($Kve! - Eu am
.ou have (.ouKve! - Tu ai
He has (HeKs! - El are
0he has (0heKs! - Ea are
$t has ($tKs! - El/Ea are
Ie have (IeKve! - Noi avem
.ou have (.ouKve! - 9oi aveti
The) have (The)Kve! - Ei/Ele au
2orma intero&ativa:
Have $# - Am eu#
Have )ou# - Ai tu#
Has he# - Are el#
Has she# - Are ea#
Has it# - Are el/ea#
Have 'e# - Avem noi#
Have )ou# - Aveti voi#
Have the)# - Au ei/ele#
2orma ne&ativa:
$ have not ($ havenKt! - Eu nu am
.ou have not (.ou havenKt! - Tu nu ai
He has not (He hasnKt! - El nu are
0he has not (0he hasnKt! - Ea nu are
$t has not ($t hasnKt! - El/Ea nu are
Ie have not (Ie havenKt! - Noi nu avem
.ou have not (.ou havenKt! - 9oi nu aveti
The) have not (The) havenKt! - Ei/Ele nu au
9erbul 3T; D;3 - a face
2orma afirmativa:
$ do - Eu fac
.ou do - Tu faci
He does - El face
0he does - Ea face
$t does - El/Ea face
Ie do - Noi facem
.ou do - 9oi faceti
The) do - Ei/Ele fac
2orma intero&ativa:
Do $# - 2ac eu#
Do )ou# - 2aci tu#
Does he# - 2ace el#
Does she# - 2ace ea#
Does it# - 2ace el/ea#
Do 'e# - 2acem noi#
Do )ou# - 2aceti voi#
Do the)# - 2ac ei/ele#
2orma ne&ativa:
$ do not ($ donKt! - Eu nu fac
.ou do not (.ou donKt! - Tu nu faci
He does not (He doesnKt! - El nu face
0he does not (0he doesnKt! - Ea nu face
$t does not ($t doesnKt! - El/Ea nu face
Ie do not (Ie donKt! - Noi nu facem
.ou do not (.ou donKt! - 9oi nu faceti
The) do not (The) donKt! - Ei/Ele nu fac
Eercitii:
5. "ompletati spatiile &oale cu forma corecta a verbului T; *E:
a! 2orma afirmativa:
$ 6666666 in the classroom.
He 6666666 in the &arden.
The) 6666666 in the house
b! 2orma ne&ativa:
.ou 6666666 in the office.
0he 6666666 in the bathroom.
Ie 6666666 in the restaurant.
7. Traduceti in limba en&leza:
5. Eu am 57 ani.
7. Tu esti in casa cu tatal tau.
:. Noi avem 7 buchete de flori.
>. 9oi sunteti in clasa a patra.
? El are un mar si doua portocale.
@. Ea este in curtea scolii cu prietena ei.
:. "ompletati spatiile &oale cu forma intero&ativa a verbului T; *E:
5. 6666666 )ou a &ood friend#
7. 6666666 he )our father#
:. 6666666 the) )our collea&ues#
>. 6666666 she in the livin& room#
?. 6666666 'e in the court)ard#
<ectia >: 9erbul - raspunsuri
5. "ompletati spatiile &oale cu forma corecta a verbului T; *E:
a! 2orma afirmativa:
$ am in the classroom.
He is in the &arden.
The) are in the house
b! 2orma ne&ativa:
.ou are in the office.
0he is in the bathroom.
Ie are in the restaurant.
7. Traduceti in limba en&leza:
5. Eu am 57 ani.
$ have t'elve )ears.
7. Tu esti in casa cu tatal tau.
.ou are in the house 'ith m) father.
:. Noi avem 7 buchete de flori.
Ie have t'o bunch of flo'ers.
>. 9oi sunteti in clasa a patra.
.ou arenKt in fourth class.
? El are un mar si doua portocale.
He has un apple an t'o oran&e.
@. Ea este in curtea scolii cu prietena ei.
0he is in the school)ard 'ith her friend.
:. "ompletati spatiile &oale cu forma intero&ativa a verbului T; *E:
5. Are )ou a &ood friend#
7. $s he )our father#
:. Are the) )our collea&ues#
>. $s she in the livin& room#
?. Are 'e in the court)ard#
0ubstantivul
A. Tipuri de substantive
5. 0ubstantive comune
7. 0ubstantive proprii
5. 0ubstantivele comune desemneaza fiinte (oameni si animale! si obiecte / lucruri.
Eemple:
- fiinte: man( 'oman( &randmother( teacher( brother( pupil( doctor( nurse
- obiecte (lucruri!: pencil( school( car( hotel( medicine( shop( po'er( health
7. 0ubstantivele proprii desemneaza nume de familie si prenume( nume de munti( orase(
tari( ape etc.
Eemple:
- nume de familie si prenume: E'in&( *ro'n( 0a')er( +ohn( ,ar)( Helen
- nume de munti: Alps( Himala)a( Everest
- nume de orase: *ucharest( 4aris( 9enice
- nume de tari: 2rance( $tal)( "roatia
- nume de ape: ,ississippi( Danube( Thames
*. -enul substantivelor
5. -enul masculin (care se inlocuiesc cu pronumele personal he!
Eemple: man( doctor( driver( father( bo)
7. -enul feminin (care se inlocuiesc cu pronumele personal she!
Eemple: 'oman( mother( &irl( actress( sister.
:. -enul neutru (nume de lucruri( obiecte si animaleE se inlocuiesc cu pronumele
personal it!
Eemple: cat( do&( pencil( butterfl)( car( noteboo%.
". Numarul substantivelor
0ubstantivele pot fi la sin&ular sau la plural.
2ormarea pluralului:
a! pluralul cu 3-s3
Eemple:
a do& ---L t'o do&s
a school ---L t'o schools
a car ---L t'o cars
a boo% ---L t'o boo%s
b! pluralul cu 3-es3 (pentru substantivele care au terminatia in -s( -( -z( -ch( -sh!
Eemple:
a bus ---L t'o buses
a fa ---L t'o faes
a church ---L t'o churches
Atentie:
a tomato ---L t'o tomatoes
a potato ---L t'o potatoes
dar
radio ---L radios
photo ---L photos
c! pluralul cu 3-ies3 (pentru substantivele care au terminatia in -)!
Eemple:
lad) ---L ladies
bab) ---L babies
fl) ---L flies
dar:
da) ---L da)s
bo) ---L bo)s
/e&uli:
pentru substantivele care se termina in ) precedat de o consoana( pluralul se va face in -ies
pentru substantivele care se termina in ) precedat de o vocala( pluralul se va face in -s
d! pluralul cu 3-ves3 (pentru substantivele care au terminatia in -f sau -fe!
Eemple:
leaf ---L leaves
calf ---L calves
shelf ---L shelves
'ife ---L 'ives
'olf ---L 'olves
Eceptii:
chief ---L chiefs
proof ---L proofs
belief ---L beliefs
e! pluralele nere&ulate
Eemple:
child ---L children
man ---L men
'oman ---L 'omen
foot ---L feet
&oose ---L &eese
mouse ---L mice
tooth ---L teeth
f! substantive invariabile care nu primesc 3-s3
Eemple:
deer (cerb!
duc% (rata!
sheep (oaie!
trout (pastrav!
fish (peste!
fruit (fructe!
&! substantivele cu sens colectiv care nu au forma de plural
Eemple:
advice (sfat!
ba&&a&e (ba&a8!
lu&&a&e (ba&a8e!
information (informatii!
furniture (mobila!
people (oameni!
cro'd (multime!
police (politie!
h! pluralul substantivelor proprii
Eemple:
the *ro'ns
the +ohnsons
the Thompsons
D. 0ubstantive compuse
Eemple:
classroom
schoolbo)
school&irl
blac%board
dinin&-room
brea%fast
Eercitii:
5. Alcatuiti pluralul urmatoarelor substantive:
table ---L
cloc% ---L
leaf ---L
&entleman ---L
bab) ---L
tooth ---L
friend ---L
cit) ---L
life ---L
chief ---L
7. $nlocuiti substantivele urmatoare cu pronumele personal potrivit:
the &irl ---
the do& ---
the actor ---
the schoolbo) ---
the pencil ---
the &randmother ---
:. Alcatuiti cat mai multe substantive compuse cu a8utorul urmatoarelor cuvinte:
dinin&( bird( school( class( %inder( mate( room( bo)( father( blac%( boo%( &irl( board( livin&(
&arden( note( eercise( parents( &rand.
<ectia ?: 0ubstantivul - raspunsuri
5. Alcatuiti pluralul urmatoarelor substantive:
table ---L tables
cloc% ---L cloc%s
leaf ---L leaves
&entleman ---L &entlemen
bab) ---L babies
tooth ---L teeth
friend ---L friends
cit) ---L cities
life ---L lives
chief ---L chiefs
7. $nlocuiti substantivele urmatoare cu pronumele personal potrivit:
the &irl --- she
the do& --- it
the actor --- he
the schoolbo) --- he
the pencil --- it
the &randmother --- she
:. Alcatuiti cat mai multe substantive compuse cu a8utorul urmatoarelor cuvinte:
dinin&( bird( school( class( %inder( mate( room( bo)( father( blac%( boo%( &irl( board( livin&(
&arden( note( eercise( parents( &rand.
dinin&-roomE school&irlE classmateE %inder-&ardenE blac%boardE &randfatherE livin&-roomE
noteboo%E &randparentsE schoolbo)
Ad8ectivul
Ad8ectivele in limba en&leza au urmatoarele caracteristici:
a! nu variaza dupa &en si numar
b! se aseaza inaintea substantivelor
Eemplu:
a &ood ca%e ---L &ood ca%es
A. Tipuri de ad8ective
M opinion ad8ectives (ad8ective de opinie!: descriu ceea ce credem despre cineva sau
ceva.
Eemple: beautiful( &reat( nice( epensive( cheap( u&l) etc.
M fact ad8ectives (ad8ective de fapt!: descriu ceea ce fiintele sau obiectele determinate
sunt cu adevarat
Eemple: short( lar&e( lon&( &reen( round etc.
D Ad8ectivele de opinie stau inaintea ad8ectivelor de fapt
*. Ad8ectivul demonstrativ
Desemneaza fiinte sau lucruri pe care le aratam precizand in acelasi timp apropierea sau
departarea in timp sau spatiu.
2orme:
M sin&ular:
- this (acest( aceasta!
- that (acel( acea!
M plural:
- these (acesti( aceste!
- those (acei( acele!
Eemple:
This man is a doctor.
That &irl is a pupil.
These children are small.
Those bo)s are pla)in& in the scool)ard.
". Ad8ectivul posesiv
Desemneaza raportul de posesie dintre un posesor si ceea ce acesta poseda:
2orme:
M sin&ular:
- m) (meu( mea( mei( mele!
- )our (tau( ta( tai( tale!
- his (lui( sau( sa( sai( sale!
- her (ei( sau( sa( sai( sale!
- its (lui( ei( sau( sa( sai( sale!
M plural:
- our (nostru( noastra( nostri( noastre!
- )our (vostru( voastra( vostri( voastre!
- their (lor!
Eemple:
This is m) house.
$t is his car.
That is our shop.
Those are )our boo%s.
D. "omparativul ad8ectivelor
a! "omparativul de e&alitate / inferioritate:
3as ... as3 (tot atat de / la fel de!
3not as ... as3 (nu atat de / nu la fel de!
3not so ... as3 (nu atat de / nu la fel de!
Eemple:
0he is as prett) as her mother.
He is not as tall as his brother.
b! "omparativ de superioritate:
- pentru ad8ective scurte (monosilabice! se adau&a terminatia 3-er3 la finalul ad8ectivului
respectiv
- pentru ad8ective lun&i( acestea sunt precedate de adverbul 3more3
Eemple:
tall ---L taller
(inalt ---L mai inalt!
slim ---L slimmer
(slab ---L mai slab!
fast ---L faster
(rapid ---L mai rapid!
bi& ---L bi&&er
(man ---L mai mare!
beautiful ---L more beautiful
(frumos ---L mai frumos!
interestin& ---L more interestin&
interesant ---L mai interesant
difficult ---L more difficult
dificil ---L mai dificil
E. 0uperlativul ad8ectivelor
- pentru ad8ective scurte (monosilabice! se adau&a terminatia 3-est3 la ad8ectivul precedat de
3the3
- pentru ad8ective lun&i( acestea vor fi precedate de 3the most3
Eemple:
the tallest (cel mai inalt!
the slimmest (cel mai slab!
the fastest (cel mai rapid!
the bi&&est (cel mai mare!
the most beautiful (cel mai frumos!
the most interestin& (cel mai interesant!
the most difficult (cel mai dificil!
2. "omparative si superlative nere&ulate
bad
&ood
far
much
old 'orse
better
farther (further!
more
older (elder! the 'orst
the best
the farthest (the furthest!
the most
the oldest (the eldest! rau
bun
indepartat
mult
batran
Eercitii:
5. Traduceti in limba en&leza urmatoarele propozitii:
a! Aceasta masina este rosie.
b! Acele fete sunt in clasa intai.
c! Acei barbati sunt doctori.
d! Aceasta este clasa mea.
e! Acela este cainele ei.
f! Acestea sunt caietele noastre.
7. "ompletati spatiile libere de mai 8os( cu forma corecta a ad8ectivelor( la &radul de comparatie
indicat:
Ad8ectiv "omparativ 0uperlativ
bad 'orse ..................
fast faster ..................
&ood better ..................
cheap .................. the cheapest
beautiful .................. the most beautiful
thin thinner ..................
fat .................. the fattest
:. 4otriviti ad8ectivele la substantivele respective:
cold nice
beautiful lon&
delicious traditional
blouse hair
'eather &irl
dance food
<ectia @: Ad8ectivul - raspunsuri
5. Traduceti in limba en&leza urmatoarele propozitii:
a! Aceasta masina este rosie.
This car is red.
b! Acele fete sunt in clasa intai.
Those &irls are in the first &rade.
c! Acei barbati sunt doctori.
Those men are doctors.
d! Aceasta este clasa mea.
This is m) classroom.
e! Acela este cainele ei.
That is her do&.
f! Acestea sunt caietele noastre.
These are our noteboo%s.
7. "ompletati spatiile libere de mai 8os( cu forma corecta a ad8ectivelor( la &radul de comparatie
indicat:
Ad8ectiv "omparativ 0uperlativ
bad 'orse the 'orst
fast faster the fastest
&ood better the best
cheap cheaper the cheapest
beautiful more beautiful the most beautiful
thin thinner the thinnest
fat fatter the fattest
:. 4otriviti ad8ectivele la substantivele respective:
cold ---L 'eather
nice ---L blouse
beautiful ---L &irl
lon& ---L hair
delicious ---L food
traditional ---L dance
Adverbul
A. Adverbe de mod
- arata modul in care se petrece o actiune
,od de formare:
- de obicei( aceste adverbe se formeaza prin adau&area terminatiei -l) la finalul unui ad8ective.
Eemple:
beautiful ---L beautifull)
sad ---L sadl)
capable ---L capabl)
slo' ---L slo'l)
eas) ---L easil)
*. Adverbe de loc
- arata locul in care se petrece o actiune
Eemple:
here( there( upstairs( do'nstairs( an)'here( ever)'here( outside( inside
". Adverbe de timp
- arata timpul in care se petrece o actiune
Eemple:
toda)( )esterda)( tomorro'( 0aturda)( ,onda)( no'( finall)( later( soon( 8ust( still
D. Adverbe de durata
- arata perioada de timp a unei actiuni
Eemple:
forever( shortl)( lon&( permanentl)
E. Adverbe de comparatie
- arata &radul de intensitate al unei actiuni
Eemple:
etremel)( &reatl)( hu&el)( partiall)( perfectl)( stron&l)( totall)( almost( ver)( entirel)
2. Adverbe de frecventa
- arata &radul de repetabilitate al unei actiuni
Eemple:
al'a)s( constantl)( often( rarel)( re&ularl)( seldom( sometimes( occasionall)( rarel)( never
-. Adverbe de probabilitate
- arata &radul de probabilitate a unei actiuni
Eemple:
certainl)( perhaps( ma)be( possibl)( definitel)
Eercitii:
5. "unoscand urmatoarele procente corespunzatoare adverbelor de frecventa( realizati
propozitiile de mai 8os( conform modelului.
never ---L =N
rarel) ---L 5=N
sometimes ---L 7?N
often ---L ?=N
usuall) ---L A?N
al'a)s ---L 5==N
Eemplu:
0am / have / sho'er / evenin& (A?N!
0am usuall) has sho'er in the evenin&.
a! $ / eat / ca%e / afternoon. (7?N!
b! Tim / sleep / livin& - room (?=N!
c! $ / &o / school / 0unda) (=N!
d! Dennis / pla) / tennis / 'ee%ends (5==N!
e! 0he / run / par% / mornin& (5=N!
7. Transformati urmatoarele ad8ective in adverbe:
horrible ---L
careful ---L
nervous ---L
desperate ---L
slo' ---L
sudden ---L
bri&ht ---L
proud ---L
:. 0ubliniati termenul corect din urmatoarele propozitii:
a! Denisa 'as 'earin& a prett) / prettil) dress at the 'eddin&.
b! $ had a terrible / terribl) dream last ni&ht.
c! 2inal / 2inall)( she passed the eam.
d! 0he 'as 'al%in& rapid / rapidl).
e! 0am is fluent / fluentl) in 2rench.
f! Ias )our &rammar test eas) / easil)#
&! The) 'ere tal%in& loud / loudl) so ever)bod) could hear them.
>! Ale&eti varianta corecta:
5. 4lease donKt tal% so .................... . $Km tr)in& to sleep.
a! louderE b! loudestE c! loudl)
7. Ie .................... &o on picnics on 'ee%ends. Ie love fresh air.
a! neverE b! usuall)E c! seldom
:. The bouFuet 'as .................... . 0he loved it.
a! beautifulE b! beautifull)E c! u&l).
>. +ames .................... put the bro%en &lass into the rubbish bin.
a! carefulE b! more carefull)E c! carefull)
<ectia A: Adverbul - raspunsuri
5. "unoscand urmatoarele procente corespunzatoare adverbelor de frecventa( realizati
propozitiile de mai 8os( conform modelului.
never ---L =N
rarel) ---L 5=N
sometimes ---L 7?N
often ---L ?=N
usuall) ---L A?N
al'a)s ---L 5==N
a! $ / eat / ca%e / afternoon. (7?N!
$ sometimes eat ca%e in the afternoon.
b! Tim / sleep / livin& - room (?=N!
Tim often sleeps in the livin&-room.
c! $ / &o / school / 0unda) (=N!
$ never &o to school on 0unda).
d! Dennis / pla) / tennis / 'ee%ends (5==N!
Dennis al'a)s pla)s tennis on 'ee%ends.
e! 0he / run / par% / mornin& (5=N!
0he rarel) runs in the par% in the mornin&.
7. Transformati urmatoarele ad8ective in adverbe:
horrible ---L horribl)
careful ---L carefull)
nervous ---L nervousl)
desperate ---L desperatel)
slo' ---L slo'l)
sudden ---L suddenl)
bri&ht ---L bri&htl)
proud ---L proudl)
:. 0ubliniati termenul corect din urmatoarele propozitii:
a! Denisa 'as 'earin& a prett) / prettil) dress at the 'eddin&.
b! $ had a terrible / terribl) dream last ni&ht.
c! 2inal / 2inall)( she passed the eam.
d! 0he 'as 'al%in& rapid / rapidl).
e! 0am is fluent / fluentl) in 2rench.
f! Ias )our &rammar test eas) / easil)#
&! The) 'ere tal%in& loud / loudl) so ever)bod) could hear them.
>! Ale&eti varianta corecta:
5. 4lease donKt tal% so loudl). $Km tr)in& to sleep.
7. Ie usuall) &o on picnics on 'ee%ends. Ie love fresh air.
:. The bouFuet 'as beautiful. 0he loved it.
>. +ames carefull) put the bro%en &lass into the rubbish bin.
4repozitia
A. 4repozitii de miscare
- arata miscarea
Eemple:
to( throu&h( across
to - utilizam 3to3 pentru a arata deplasarea catre o destinatie anume.
Eemplu:
$ 'ent to "hica&o t'o )ears a&o.
throu&h - utilizam 3throu&h3 pentru a su&era deplasarea dintr-o parte in alta a unui spatiu
inchis.
Eemplu:
The cars 'ent throu&h the tunnel.
across - utilizam 3across3 pentru a su&era miscarea dintr-o parte in alta a unei suprafete.
Eemplu:
0he fle' across the sea.
Alte prepozitii de miscare:
alon&( do'n( over( off( round( into
*. 4repozitii de loc
- arata locul in care se situeaza obiectele definite
Eemple:
at( on( in
at - folosim 3at3 pentru a arata un anumit loc sau o anumita pozitie.
Eemplu:
0omeone is at the door.
on - folosim 3on3 pentru a arata pozitia pe o suprafata verticala sau orizontala.
Eemplu:
The do& is on the roof.
in - folosim 3in3 pentru a arata ca un anumit obiect este impre8muit sau inchis.
Eemplu:
The parrot is in the ca&e.
Alte prepozitii de loc:
after( amon&( behind( bet'een( in front of( net to( beside( b)( over( above( under( belo'.
". 4repozitii de timp
- pentru a specifica timpul unei actiuni
Eemple:
at( on( in
at - pentru a arata timpul eact.
Eemplu:
0he left at A.== a.m.
on - pentru anumite date sau zile
Eemple:
0he arrived on ,onda).
Her birthda) is on 7:rd of ;ctober.
in - pentru o perioada de timp nespecificata( necunoscuta din timpul unui an( zi( luna(
anotimp.
Eemple:
$t is ver) cold in Iinter.
$ left /omania in 5CBC.
Alte prepozitii de timp:
after( b)( since( durin&( for( throu&hout
Eercitii:
5. "ompletati cu prepozitia corecta: of( on( at( to( 'ith( in( for( alon&
5! His t-shirt has a picture 666666 it.
7! The Fueen 666666 En&land 'anted to 'ear &olden dress at her 'eddin&.
:! $ 'ent 666666 *russels last 'ee%.
>! 0he spent the afternoon 666666 her friends.
?! Ie 'al%ed 666666 the ban%s of /iver 0eine.
@! 0heKs been 'aitin& 666666 me for about four hours.
A! IhatKs the 'eather li%e 666666 4aris#
B! 0he 'as 666666 the cinema last evenin&.
7. Traduceti in limba en&leza:
5! ,ihaela a plecat la munte la ora B dimineata.
7! 0tatuia este in fata stadionului.
:! $n spatele operei se afla un hotel.
>! Trenul a trecut prin tunel foarte rapid.
?! <ui 4hilip ii place sa zboare deasupra oceanului.
:. "ompletati spatiile libere cu prepozitia corecta: in( on( at( to
5! The) live 6666 Dubai.
7! Ie are sta)in& 6666 a nice hotel.
:! 4hilip al'a)s pla)s tennis 6666 the afternoon.
>! The) 'here ver) close 6666 their cat.
?! Ie &ot 6666 the first train to 0ibiu.
@! /omania is 6666 Europe.
A! .ou are &oin& 6666 a cit) tour tomorro'.
<ectia B: 4repozitia - raspunsuri
5. "ompletati cu prepozitia corecta: of( on( at( to( 'ith( in( for( alon&
5! His t-shirt has a picture on it.
7! The Fueen of En&land 'anted to 'ear &olden dress at her 'eddin&.
:! $ 'ent in *russels last 'ee%.
>! 0he spent the afternoon 'ith her friends.
?! Ie 'al%ed alon& the ban%s of /iver 0eine.
@! 0heKs been 'aitin& for me for about four hours.
A! IhatKs the 'eather li%e in 4aris#
B! 0he 'as at the cinema last evenin&.
7. Traduceti in limba en&leza:
5! ,ihaela a plecat la munte la ora B dimineata.
,ihaela 'ent to the mountain at B oOcloc% in the mornin&.
7! 0tatuia este in fata stadionului.
The statue is in front of the stadium.
:! $n spatele operei se afla un hotel.
*ehind the opera there is a hotel.
>! Trenul a trecut prin tunel foarte rapid.
The train passed throu&h the tunnel rapidl).
?! <ui 4hilip ii place sa zboare deasupra oceanului.
4hilip li%es fl)in& across the ocean.
:. "ompletati spatiile libere cu prepozitia corecta: in( on( at( to
5! The) live in Dubai.
7! Ie are sta)in& at a nice hotel.
:! 4hilip al'a)s pla)s tennis in the afternoon.
>! The) 'here ver) close to their cat.
?! Ie &ot on the first train to 0ibiu.
@! /omania is in Europe.
A! .ou are &oin& on a cit) tour tomorro'.
Prezentul Simplu
A. ,od de formare
Afirmativ:
Subiect + Verbul la infinitive (la persoana a III-a singular se adauga terminatia -
s" sau -es")
Eemple:
5. $ &o to school ever) da).
7. He reads a boo% ever) month.
:. 0he lives in *ucharest.
$ntero&ativ:
Do / Does (pers.$$$( s&.! J 0ubiect J 9erbul la infinitiv
Eemple:
5. Do )ou &o to school ever) da)#
7. Does he read a boo% ever) month#
:. Does she live in *ucharest#
Ne&ativ:
0ubiect J do / does (pers.$$$( s&.! J not J 9erbul la infinitiv
0e folosesc adesea contractiile donKt (do J not! si doesnKt (does J not!
Eemple:
5. $ donKt &o to school ever) da).
7. He doesnKt read a boo% ever) month.
:. 0he doesnKt live in *ucharest.
*. /e&uli pentru adau&area terminatiei P-s3 sau P-es3 la afirmativ pentru persoana a $$$-
a sin&ular
D <a ma8oritatea verbelor se adau&a terminatia P-s3 la persoana a $$$-a sin&ular la
afirmativ
Eemple:
$ tal% H He tal%s
$ 'or% H He 'or%s
$ sleep H He sleeps
D 9erbelelor care se termina in Hss( -sh( -ch( -( -o li se adau&a terminatia P-es3
Eemple:
$ %iss H He %isses
$ 'ish H He 'ishes
$ catch H He catches
$ mi H He mies
$ &o H He &oes
D <a verbele care se termina in litera ) precedata de o consoana( se inlocuieste litera )
cu litera i( iar apoi se adau&a terminatia P-es3
Eemple:
$ fl) H He flies
$ stud) H He studies
$ cr) H He cries
D <a verbele care se termina in litera ) precedata de o vocala( se adau&a terminatia P-s3
Eemple:
$ pa) H He pa)s
$ sta) H He sta)s
$ pla) H He pla)s
". 2olosim 4rezentul 0implu pentru:
M activitati zilnice, saptamanale, lunare, anuale
Eemple:
$ &o to the mountains ever) month.
Ie have brea%fast at A.:= ever) mornin&.
M obiceiuri, obb!-uri
Eemple:
0he pla)s tennis in her free time.
$n the summer( the) &o to the seaside.
M situatii permanente
Eemplu:
He lives in 4aris. $ 'or% as a mana&er.
M a e"prima actiuni care respecta un anumit program
Eemple:
The bus for *ucharest lives at 57.5? on ,onda).
$ have ,aths 2rida) at 55.:=.
M situatii emotionale
Eemple:
$ love m) &irlfriend ver) much.
He hates cats.
M adevaruri generale
Eemple:
The earth moves around the sun.
Iater boils at 5==Q".
D. Epresii cu care se foloseste adesea 4rezentul 0implu:
ever! da!# $ee%# mont# !ear etc&, ever! morning# evening# afternoon# nigt, usuall!,
al$a!s, sometimes, often, never, in te morning#evening#nigt etc&
Eemple:
5. He &oes to the &im ever) da).
7. $ pla) football ever) 'ee%.
:. Ie &o to the dentist ever) )ear.
>. 0he 'atches T9 ever) evenin&.
?. 0he usuall) studies hard for her eams.
@. $ al'a)s do m) home'or%.
A. He sometimes &oes shoppin&.
B. $ often pla) pool 'ith m) friends.
C. 0he never &o to school b) bus.
5=. $n the evenin& 'e pla) ,onopol).
Eercitii:
5. 4uneti propozitiile urmatoare la persoana a $$$-a sin&ular. "onsultati mai intai eemplul:
Eemplu:
The) live in "raiova. (He!
He lives in "raiova( too.
5. $ fl) from *ucharest to /ome ever) 'ee%. (,ar)!
7. Ie usuall) pla) in the par%. (+ohn!
:. The) li%e their 8obs ver) much. (He!
>. $ 'ant a ne' car. (0he!
?. .ou 'a%e up at A oKocloc%. (4aul!
@. .ou al'a)s 'ash the dishes. (An&ela!
A. Ie 'atch T9 ever) afternoon. (Tom!
B. $ &o to school b) bus. (,) brother!
C. .ou coo% ever) 0aturda). (,) mother!
5=. Ie stud) hard for our eams. (,ar%!
7. 0crieti forma intero&ativa a urmatoarelor propozitii:
Eemplu:
.ou li%e s'immin&.
Do )ou li%e s'immin&#
5. He lives in *ucharest.
7. .ou 'ear an uniform at school.
:. ,) father drives ver) 'ell.
>. ,r. 0mith teaches En&lish.
?. .ou li%e pizza and hambur&ers.
@. ,) nei&hbour 'or%s as an en&ineer.
A. .our father repairs the car ever) month.
B. Ie drin% coffee ever) mornin&.
C. ,ar) pa)s her bills ever) month.
5=. He &oes to bed ver) earl) ever) evenin&.
:. 2olositi forma ne&ativa pentru propozitiile urmatoare( folosind cuvintele din paranteze( la fel
ca in eemplul de mai 8os:
Eemplu:
$ li%e ,aths. (4h)sics!
$ li%e ,aths( but $ donKt li%e 4h)sics
5. ,ar) 'rites postcards. (letters!
7. $ &o to the cinema. (theatre!
:. The) read ne'spapers. (boo%s!
>. .ou stud) 2rench. (En&lish!
?. ,r. *ro'n 'or%s in an office. (at home!
@. $ li%e football. (ru&b)!
A. He drives a car. (a lorr)!
B. Dan and +ohn travel b) train. (plane!
C. Ie drin% tea. (coffee!
5=. 0he pla)s chess ever) da). (tennis!
>. 2ormulati propozitii folosind con8unctia but:
Eemple:
$ 'atch T9 ever) evenin&. (+ohn!
$ 'atch T9 ever) evenin&( but +ohn doesnKt.
He doesnKt spea% 2rench. (the)!
He doesnKt spea% 2rench( but the) do.
5. +ulia 'ashes the dishes. ($!
7. He doesnKt 'ant to &o to the seaside. (his &irlfriend!
:. $ &o to the cinema ever) 'ee%. (the)!
>. 0he doesnKt s'im. (her sister!
?. Ie have brea%fast earl) in the mornin&. (4aul!
@. $ donKt pla) football. (m) best friend!
A. ,e and m) brother pla) on the computer. (,ichael!
B. +ohn doesnKt read the ne'spaper ever) da). ('e!
C. ,) mother li%es to &o shoppin&. ($!
5=. .ou donKt travel b) plane. (she!
?. Adau&a propozitiilor de mai 8os adverbele din paranteze:
Eemplu:
$ have lunch at 57 oKcloc%. (al'a)s!
$ al'a)s have lunch at 57 oKcloc%.
5. ,) sister &ets up at 5= oKcloc%. (usuall)!
7. Ie pla) football on 0unda)s. (sometimes!
:. $ &o out 'ith a stran&er. (never!
>. 0he listens to music in the evenin&. (al'a)s!
?. He &oes to school b) bus. (often!
@. $ eat a hambur&er in the mornin&. (never!
A. $ read the ne'spaper in the evenin&. (usuall)!
B. $n the mornin& $ pla) on the computer. (sometimes!
C. ,other 'ashes the dishes in the evenin&. (al'a)s!
5=. The) &o s%iin& in the 'inter. (often!
<ectia C: 4rezentul simplu - raspunsuri
5. 4uneti propozitiile urmatoare la persoana a $$$-a sin&ular:
5. $ fl) from *ucharest to /ome ever) 'ee%. (,ar)!
,ar) flies from *ucharest to /ome ever) 'ee%( too.
7. Ie usuall) pla) in the par%. (+ohn!
+ohn usuall) pla)s in the par%( too.
:. The) li%e their 8obs ver) much. (He!
He li%es his 8ob ver) much( too.
>. $ 'ant a ne' car. (0he!
0he 'ants a ne' car( too.
?. .ou 'a%e up at A oKocloc%. (4aul!
4aul 'a%es up at A oOcloc%( too.
@. .ou al'a)s 'ash the dishes. (An&ela!
An&ela al'a)s 'ashes the dishes( too.
A. Ie 'atch T9 ever) afternoon. (Tom!
Tom 'atches T9 ever) afternoon( too.
B. $ &o to school b) bus. (,) brother!
,) brother &oes to school b) bus( too.
C. .ou coo% ever) 0aturda). (,) mother!
,) mother coo%s ever) 0aturda)( too.
5=. Ie stud) hard for our eams. (,ar%!
,ar% studies hard for his eams( too.
7. 0crieti forma intero&ativa a urmatoarelor propozitii:
5. He lives in *ucharest.
Does he live in *ucharest#
7. .ou 'ear an uniform at school.
Do )ou 'ear an uniform at school#
:. ,) father drives ver) 'ell.
Does )our father drive ver) 'ell#
>. ,r. 0mith teaches En&lish.
Does ,r 0mith teach En&lish#
?. .ou li%e pizza and hambur&ers.
Do )ou li%e pizza and hambur&ers#
@. ,) nei&hbour 'or%s as an en&ineer.
Does )our nei&hbour 'or% as an en&ineer#
A. .our father repairs the car ever) month.
Does )our father repair the car ever) month#
B. Ie drin% coffee ever) mornin&.
Do 'e drin% coffee ever) mornin&#
C. ,ar) pa)s her bills ever) month.
Does ,ar) pa) her bills ever) month#
5=. He &oes to bed ver) earl) ever) evenin&.
Does he &o to bed ver) earl) ever) evenin&#
:. 2olositi forma ne&ativa pentru propozitiile urmatoare( folosind cuvintele din
paranteze:
5. ,ar) 'rites postcards. (letters!
,ar) 'rites postcards( but she doesnOt 'rite letters.
7. $ &o to the cinema. (theatre!
$ &o to the cinema( but $ donOt &o to the theatre.
:. The) read ne'spapers. (boo%s!
The) read ne'spapers( but the) donOt read boo%s.
>. .ou stud) 2rench. (En&lish!
.ou stud) 2rench( but )ou donOt stud) En&lish.
?. ,r. *ro'n 'or%s in an office. (at home!
,r. *ro'n 'or%s in an office( but he doesnOt 'or% at home.
@. $ li%e football. (ru&b)!
$ li%e football( but $ donOt li%e ru&b).
A. He drives a car. (a lorr)!
He drives a car( but he doesnOt drive a lorr).
B. Dan and +ohn travel b) train. (plane!
Dan and +ohn travel b) train( but the) donOt travel b) plane.
C. Ie drin% tea. (coffee!
Ie drin% tea( but 'e donOt drin% coffee.
5=. 0he pla)s chess ever) da). (tennis!
0he pla)s chess ever) da)( but she doesnOt pla) tennis.
>. 2ormulati propozitii folosind con8unctia but:
5. +ulia 'ashes the dishes. ($!
+ulia 'ashes the dishes( but $ donOt.
7. He doesnKt 'ant to &o to the seaside. (his &irlfriend!
He doesnKt 'ant to &o to the seaside( but his &irlfriend does.
:. $ &o to the cinema ever) 'ee%. (the)!
$ &o to the cinema ever) 'ee%( but the) donOt.
>. 0he doesnKt s'im. (her sister!
0he doesnOt s'im( but her sister does.
?. Ie have brea%fast earl) in the mornin&. (4aul!
Ie have brea%fast earl) in the mornin&( but 4aul doesnOt.
@. $ donKt pla) football. (m) best friend!
$ donKt pla) football( but m) best friend does.
A. ,e and m) brother pla) on the computer. (,ichael!
,e and m) brother pla) on the computer( but ,ichael doesnOt.
B. +ohn doesnKt read the ne'spaper ever) da). ('e!
+ohn doesnKt read the ne'spaper ever) da)( but 'e do.
C. ,) mother li%es to &o shoppin&. ($!
,) mother li%es to &o shoppin&( but $ donOt.
5=. .ou donKt travel b) plane. (she!
.ou donKt travel b) plane( but she does.
?. Adau&a propozitiilor de mai 8os adverbele din paranteze:
5. ,) sister &ets up at 5= oKcloc%. (usuall)!
,) sister usuall) &ets up at 5= oKcloc%.
7. Ie pla) football on 0unda)s. (sometimes!
Ie sometimes pla) football on 0unda)s.
:. $ &o out 'ith a stran&er. (never!
$ never &o out 'ith a stran&er.
>. 0he listens to music in the evenin&. (al'a)s!
0he al'a)s listens to music in the evenin&.
?. He &oes to school b) bus. (often!
He often &oes to school b) bus.
@. $ eat a hambur&er in the mornin&. (never!
$ never eat a hambur&er in the mornin&.
A. $ read the ne'spaper in the evenin&. (usuall)!
$ usuall) read the ne'spaper in the evenin&.
B. $n the mornin& $ pla) on the computer. (sometimes!
$n the mornin& $ sometimes pla) on the computer.
C. ,other 'ashes the dishes in the evenin&. (al'a)s!
,other al'a)s 'ashes the dishes in the evenin&.
5=. The) &o s%iin& in the 'inter. (often!
The) often &o s%iin& in the 'inter.
Prezentul 'ontinuu
A. ,od de formare
Afirmativ:
Subiect + to be (con(ugat in functie de persoana) + Verbul la infinitiv + terminatia
"-ing"
Eemple:
5. $Km 'ritin& an article no'.
7. The) are pla)in& football.
:. 0he is havin& lunch at this moment.
$ntero&ativ:
To be (con8u&at in functie de persoana! J 0ubiect J 9erbul la infinitiv J terminatia 3-
in&3
Eemple:
5. Am $ 'ritin& an article no'#
7. Are the) pla)in& football#
:. $s she havin& lunch at this moment#
Ne&ativ:
0ubiect J to be (con8u&at in functie de persoana! J not J 9erbul la infinitiv J terminatia
3-in&3
0e folosesc adesea contractiile isnKt (is J not! si arenKt (are J not!
Eemple:
5. $Km not 'ritin& an article no'.
7. The) arenKt pla)in& football.
:. 0he isnKt havin& lunch at this moment
*. /e&uli pentru adau&area terminatiei P-s3 sau P-es3 la afirmativ pentru persoana a $$$-
a sin&ular
D <a ma8oritatea verbelor se adau&a terminatia P-in&3 fara nici o modificare:
Eemple:
pla) H pla)in&
tr) H tr)in&
drin% H drin%in&
sin& - sin&in&
&o - &oin&
dra' - dra'in&
coo% - coo%in&
learn - learnin&
send - sendin&
'ash - 'ashin&
D <a verbele care se termina in litera e precedata de o consoana( se renunta la litera e si
se adau&a terminatia 3-in&3
Eemple:
ma%e H ma%in&
come H comin&
leave H leavin&
D <a verbele formate dintr-o sin&ura silaba (monosilabice! care se termina intr-o
consoana precedata de o vocala( se dubleaza consoana si apoi se adau&a terminatia 3-in&3
Eemple:
&et H &ettin&
sit H sittin&
hit H hittin&
". 2olosim 4rezentul "ontinuu pentru:
M activitati care se petrec in momentul vorbirii
Eemple:
0he is 'atchin& T9 no'.
,other is 'ashin& the dishes at this moment.
M actiuni care se desfasoara pe o perioada mai mare de timp, incluzand si
momentul vorbirii
Eemple:
+ohn is stud)in& ,aths for his eam.
,) brother is 'ritin& a boo%.
M a vorbi despre o intalnire sau despre un aran(ament din viitorul apropiat
Eemple:
He is fl)in& to Ne' .or% net 'ee%.
$Km meetin& 0usan net 0unda).
D. Epresii cu care se foloseste adesea 4rezentul "ontinuu:
no$, at tis moment, tese da!s, tis $ee%, toda!, tonigt etc&
Eemple:
5. 4aul is repairin& his car no'.
7. $Km havin& lunch at this moment.
:. He is 'or%in& hard for a pro8ect these da)s.
>. The) are &oin& to the bas%etball &ame this 'ee%.
?. $Km 'ritin& a letter toda).
@. $Km 'atchin& T9 toni&ht.
Eercitii:
5. 4uneti verbele din paranteze la timpul 4rezentul "ontinuu:
Eemplu:
Diana (pla)! 'ith Tim no'.
Diana is pla)in& 'ith Tim no'.
5. Ever)bod) ('ear! blue T-shirts toda).
7. $ (listen! to classic music at this moment.
:. Ihat (do! mother in the %itchen#
>. Ie (or&anize! a stud) trip this 'ee%.
?. ;ur collea&ues (plan! a surprise part) for +ohnKs birthda) these da)s.
@. $ (meet! 'ith m) best friend at the cinema toni&ht.
A. ,) father ('or%! in the &ara&e no'.
B. This 'ee%( )ou (&o! to the theatre 'ith )our &eo&raph) teacher.
C. At this moment( in *ucharest( it (rain!.
5=. ,) friends (travel! to E&)pt this 'ee%.
7. "orectati afirmatiile false ca in eemplul urmator:
Eemplu:
+im is pla)in& bas%etball. ('atch T9!
No( +im is not pla)in& bas%etball. +im is 'atchin& T9.
5. ,other is coo%in& at this moment. (iron!
7. ,) brother is learnin& En&lish no'. (stud) 2rench!
:. All m) collea&ues are 'or%in& hard for their final eams these da)s. (plan their holida)!
>. The cat is climbin& the tree no'. (eat a mouse!
?. $ am ta%in& some photos for m) album. (read a boo%!
@. .ou are drin%in& "o%e "ola no'. (drin% a coffee!
A. +oana is s'immin& in the pool. (pla) vole)ball on the beach!
B. $ am ma%in& an apple-pie no'. (do m) home'or%s!
C. $t is rainin& toda). (sno'!
5=. Ie are ridin& b) b)cicle to school. (&o b) bus!
:. 0crieti forma intero&ativa a urmatoarelor propozitii:
Eemplu:
$ am havin& lunch at this moment.
Am $ havin& lunch at this moment#
5. Ie are pla)in& cards.
7. ,other is 'ashin& dishes.
:. ,) brother is readin& a ne'spaper.
>. Ie are servin& brea%fast.
?. The) are decoratin& the "hristmas tree.
@. ,) famil) is plannin& a trip to ,aldive $slands these da)s.
A. 2ather is sleepin& in the bedroom.
B. .ou are 'atchin& a horror movie.
C. .our sister is doin& her home'or%s.
5=. $ am sendin& a postcard in 2rance no'.
>. Ale&eti varianta corecta la 4rezentul "ontinuu:
5. Ie ............... bas%etball in the school)ard.
a! pla)E b! prepareE c! s%i
7. The) ............... a movie in the dinin&-room.
a! 'atchE b! pla)E c! eat
:. ,) friends and $ ............... some flo'ers in the &arden.
a! readE b! 'aterE c! travel
>. $ ............... m) home'or%s at ,aths.
a! doE b! ma%eE c! &ive
?. .ou ............... a novel to )our little brother.
a! readE b! createE c! put
@. The poet ............... a poem about love at this moment.
a! createE b! &iveE c! loo%
A. $ ............... after m) lost cat.
a! loo%E b! searchE c! spend
B. ........ 'e ............... to the cinema toni&ht#
a! &oE b! 'atchE c! eat
C. The sun ............... bri&htl).
a! sho'E b! shineE c! rain
5=. ,) friends ............... on a picnic 'ithout me.
a! &oE b! pla)E c! read
?. "orectati forma &resita a verbului:
5. $ am ma%ein& an apple-pie.
7. ,ar) is comein& from $tal) toda).
:. Ie are sitin& in the livin&-room.
>. He is &etin& off the bus at the first station.
?. ,) brother isnKt 'ritein& poems.
@. .ou arenKt plain& 'ith %ids.
A. The) are leavein& *ucharest tomorro' evenin&.
B. He is comein& toni&ht to see me.
C. 0he is havein& lunch at this moment.
5=. Are )ou fl)n& to Ne' .or% net 'ee%#
<ectia 5=: 4rezentul "ontinuu - raspunsuri
5. 4uneti verbele din paranteze la timpul 4rezentul "ontinuu:
5. Ever)bod) ('ear! blue T-shirts toda).
Ever)bod) is 'earin& blue T-shirts toda).
7. $ (listen! to classic music at this moment.
$ am listenin& to classic music at this moment.
:. Ihat (do! mother in the %itchen#
Ihat is mother doin& in the %itchen#
>. Ie (or&anize! a stud) trip this 'ee%.
Ie are or&anizin& a stud) trip this 'ee%
?. ;ur collea&ues (plan! a surprise part) for +ohnKs birthda) these da)s.
;ur collea&ues are plannin& a surprise part) for +ohnKs birthda) these da)s.
@. $ (meet! 'ith m) best friend at the cinema toni&ht.
$ am meetin& 'ith m) best friend at the cinema toni&ht.
A. ,) father ('or%! in the &ara&e no'.
,) father is 'or%in& in the &ara&e no'.
B. This 'ee%( )ou (&o! to the theatre 'ith )our &eo&raph) teacher.
This 'ee%( )ou are &oin& to the theatre 'ith )our &eo&raph) teacher.
C. At this moment( in *ucharest( it (rain!.
At this moment( in *ucharest( it is rainin&.
5=. ,) friends (travel! to E&)pt this 'ee%.
,) friends are travellin& to E&)pt this 'ee%.
7. "orectati afirmatiile false:
5. ,other is coo%in& at this moment. (iron!
No( mother is not coo%in& at this moment.,other is ironin&.
7. ,) brother is learnin& En&lish no'. (stud) 2rench!
No( m) brother is not learnin& En&lish no'. ,) brother is stud)in& 2rench.
:. All m) collea&ues are 'or%in& hard for their final eams these da)s. (plan their holida)!
No( all m) collea&ues are not 'or%in& hard for their final eams these da)s. All m) collea&ues
are plannin& their holida).
>. The cat is climbin& the tree no'. (eat a mouse!
No( the cat is not climbin& the tree no'. The cat is eatin& a mouse.
?. $ am ta%in& some photos for m) album. (read a boo%!
No( $ am not ta%in& some photos for m) album. $ am readin& a boo%.
@. .ou are drin%in& "o%e "ola no'. (drin% a coffee!
No( )ou are not drin%in& "o%e "ola no'. .ou are drin%in& a coffee.
A. +oana is s'immin& in the pool. (pla) vole)ball on the beach!
No( +oana is not s'immin& in the pool. +oana is pla)in& volle)ball on the beach.
B. $ am ma%in& an apple-pie no'. (do m) home'or%s!
No( $ am not ma%in& an apple-pie no'. $ am doin& m) home'or%s.
C. $t is rainin& toda). (sno'!
No( it is not rainin& toda). $t is sno'in&.
5=. Ie are ridin& b) b)cicle to school. (&o b) bus!
No( 'e are not ridin& b) b)cicle to school. Ie are &oin& b) bus to school.
:. 0crieti forma intero&ativa a urmatoarelor propozitii:
5. Ie are pla)in& cards.
Are 'e pla)in& cards#
7. ,other is 'ashin& dishes.
$s mother 'ashin& dishes#
:. ,) brother is readin& a ne'spaper.
$s m) brother readin& a ne'spaper#
>. Ie are servin& brea%fast.
Are 'e servin& brea%fast#
?. The) are decoratin& the "hristmas tree.
Are the) decoratin& the "hristmas tree#
@. ,) famil) is plannin& a trip to ,aldive $slands these da)s.
$s m) famil) plannin& a trip to ,aldive $slands these da)s#
A. 2ather is sleepin& in the bedroom.
$s father sleepin& in the bedroom#
B. .ou are 'atchin& a horror movie.
Are )ou 'atchin& a horror movie#
C. .our sister is doin& her home'or%s.
$s )our sister doin& her home'or%s#
5=. $ am sendin& a postcard in 2rance no'.
Am $ sendin& a postcard in 2rance no'#
>. Ale&eti varianta corecta la 4rezentul "ontinuu:
5. Ie are pla)in& bas%etball in the school)ard.
7. The) are 'atchin& a movie in the dinin&-room.
:. ,) friends and $ are 'aterin&some flo'ers in the &arden.
>. $ am ma%in& m) home'or%s at ,aths.
?. .ou are readin&a novel to )our little brother.
@. The poet is creatin& a poem about love at this moment.
A. $ am loo%in& after m) lost cat.
B. are 'e &oin& to the cinema toni&ht#
C. The sun is shinin& bri&htl).
5=. ,) friends are &oin& on a picnic 'ithout me.
?. "orectati forma &resita a verbului:
5. $ am ma%ein& an apple-pie.
$ am ma%in& an apple-pie.
7. ,ar) is comein& from $tal) toda).
,ar) is comin& from $tal) no'.
:. Ie are sitin& in the livin&-room.
Ie are sittin& in the livin&-room.
>. He is &etin& off the bus at the first station.
He is &ettin& off the bus at the first station.
?. ,) brother isnKt 'ritein& poems.
,) brother isnOt 'ritin& poems.
@. .ou arenKt plain& 'ith %ids.
.ou arenOt pla)in& 'ith %ids.
A. The) are leavein& *ucharest tomorro' evenin&.
The) are leavin& *ucharest tomorro' evenin&.
B. He is comein& toni&ht to see me.
He is comin& toni&ht to see me.
C. 0he is havein& lunch at this moment.
0he is havin& lunch at this moment.
5=. Are )ou fl)n& to Ne' .or% net 'ee%#
Are )ou fl)in& to Ne' .or% net 'ee%#
)recutul Simplu
A. ,od de formare
Afirmativ:
Subiect + Vb&II (terminatia "-ed" pentru verbele regulate)
Eemple:
5. $ 'rote a boo% last )ear.
7. He 'ent to a football &ame last 'ee%.
:. Ie pla)ed in the par% )esterda).
$ntero&ativ:
Did J 0ubiect J 9b.$#
Eemple:
5. Did )ou 'rite a boo% last )ear#
7. Did he &o to a football &ame last 'ee%#
:. Did )ou pla) in the par% )esterda)#
Ne&ativ:
0ubiect J didnKt J 9b.$
Eemple:
5. $ didnKt 'rite a boo% last )ear.
7. He didnKt &o to a football &ame last 'ee%.
:. Ie didnKt pla) in the par% )esterda).
*. 2olosim Trecutul 0implu pentru:
M activitati terminate care s-au petrecut in trecut
Eemple:
0he 'as in 2rance 7 )ears a&o.
Ie bou&ht a ne' 'ashin& machine 7 'ee%s a&o.
M actiuni inceiate care s-au petrecut la un moment determinat in trecut
Eemple:
The) 'ere in En&land in 5CB5.
$ left *ucharest in april 5CC>.
". Epresii cu care se foloseste adesea Trecutul 0implu:
!esterda!, at tis time !esterda!, * da!s ago, * monts ago, last !ear, last $ee%, te da!
before !esterda!
Eemple:
5. Diana 'ent in *el&ium : )ears a&o.
7. $ 'as havin& lunch at this time )esterda).
:. The) pla)ed football 7 hours a&o.
>. 4aul tau&ht En&lish and 2rench : months a&o.
?. 0he left to'n the da) before )esterda).
Eercitii:
5. 0crieti forma corecta a verbului din paranteza la Trecutul 0implu:
5. $ ('atch! a horror movie )esterda) evenin&.
7. ,ar) (pla)! in the &arden 'ith her do& )esterda) mornin&.
:. T'o da)s a&o( +ohn (&o! 'ith his mother at the doctor.
>. ,ar) (tal%! a lot durin& the 2rench lesson.
?. ,) mother ('ash! man) clothes )esterda) evenin&.
@. $ (do not en8o)! the movie from last ni&ht.
A. $ (solve! the ,ath problem ver) Fuic%l).
B. $ (prepare! m) lu&&a&e )esterda).
C. $ (be! at school 'hen )ou called me.
5=. Ihen )ou 'ere )oun&( )ou (live! in the countr)side.
7. 2olositi cuvintele din paranteze pentru a realiza propozitii ne&ative precum in
eemplu:
Eemplu:
,ar) li%ed the apple pie. (the soup!
,ar) li%ed the apple pie( but she didnKt li%e the soup.
5. $ pla)ed in the school)ard. (in the &arden!
7. ,) friend 'ent to the mountain. (to the seaside!
:. $ travelled abroad 7 da)s a&o. (5 month a&o!
>. .esterda) $ visited ,r. 4eterson. (,rs 0mith!
?. Durin& lunch( $ listened a football &ame on the radio. (music!
@. .ou called me at 5= oKcloc% a.m. (57 oKcloc%!
A. $ arrived at home earl) in the mornin&. (in the afternoon!
B. .ou received a computer on )our birthda). (a car!
C. $t rained 7 da)s a&o. (last 'ee%!
5=. ,i%e repaired his car. (bic)cle!
:. Treceti la Trecutul 0implu verbele nere&ulate de mai 8os( precum in eemplu:
Eemplu:
$ leave school at 7 oKcloc% )esterda).
$ left school at 7 oKcloc% )esterda).
5. $ eat a delicious soup at the restaurant 7 da)s a&o.
7. ,) famil) bu) a ne' car : months a&o.
:. $ read a ver) interestin& novel )esterda) evenin&.
>. ,ar) spea% 'ith her En&lish teacher last 'ee%( about her eams.
?. <ast ,onda)( +ohn 'rite to his mother a letter.
@. <ast 'inter( $ ma%e a beautiful sno'man in front of the house.
A. .ou &ive )our sister a nec%lace for her birthda).
B. <ast )ear( Tim become a doctor.
C. ,rs. Thompson teach 0panish and En&lish ever) ,onda) and Iednesda).
5=. 2ather come from the office late at noon.
>. Treceti urmatoarele verbe la Trecutul 0implu:
Eemple:
$ see
$ sa'
$ 'atch
$ 'atched
5. $ sleep
7. He pla)s
:. He run
>. .ou spea%
?. The) donKt read
@. He doesnKt feel
A. $ meet
B.He catches
C. .ou 'a%e up
5=. The) leave
?. /aspundeti la urmatoarele intrebari conform precizarilor din paranteze (vezi
eemplu!
Eemplu:
Ihen did she leave *ucharest# (7 )ears a&o!
0he left *ucharest 7 )ears a&o.
5. Ihere did )ou sleep last ni&ht# (at "ath)Ks!
7. Ihen did )ou read this boo%# (: 'ee%s a&o!
:. Ihen did )ou find out about 0usanKs problems# (last ,onda)!
>. Ihere did )ou meet )our friends# (in the par%!
?. Ihen did she stud) 2rench (7 )ears a&o!
@. Ihere did he 'or% last )ear (in a ban%!
A. Ihen did the) divorce# (> )ears a&o!
B. Ho' did she die# (in a train accident!
C. Iho 'as ,ihai Eminescu# (a /omanian poet!
5=. Ihen 'as he born# (in 5CA:!
<ectia 55: Trecutul 0implu - raspunsuri
5. 0crieti forma corecta a verbului din paranteza la Trecutul 0implu:
5. $ 'atched a horror movie )esterda) evenin&.
7. ,ar) pla)ed in the &arden 'ith her do& )esterda) mornin&.
:. T'o da)s a&o( +ohn 'ent 'ith his mother at the doctor.
>. ,ar) tal%ed a lot durin& the 2rench lesson.
?. ,) mother 'ashed man) clothes )esterda) evenin&.
@. $ didnOt en8o) the movie from last ni&ht.
A. $ solved the ,ath problem ver) Fuic%l).
B. $ prepared m) lu&&a&e )esterda).
C. $ 'as at school 'hen )ou called me.
5=. Ihen )ou 'ere )oun&( )ou lived in the countr)side.
7. 2olositi cuvintele din paranteze pentru a realiza propozitii ne&ative:
5. $ pla)ed in the school)ard( but $ didnOt pla) in the &arden.
7. ,) friend 'ent to the mountain( but he didnOt &o to the seaside.
:. $ travelled abroad 7 da)s a&o( but $ didnOt travel abroad 5 month a&o.
>. .esterda) $ visited ,r. 4eterson( but $ didnOt visit ,rs 0mith.
?. Durin& lunch( $ listened a football &ame on the radio( but $ didnOt listen to music.
@. .ou called me at 5= oKcloc% a.m( but )ou didnOt call at 57 oOcloc%.
A. $ arrived at home earl) in the mornin&( but $ didnOt arrive at home earl) in the afternoon.
B. .ou received a computer on )our birthda)( but )ou didnOt receive a car.
C. $t rained 7 da)s a&o( but it didnOt rain last 'ee%.
5=. ,i%e repaired his car( but he didnOt repair his bic)cle.
:. Treceti la Trecutul 0implu verbele nere&ulate de mai 8os:
5. $ ate a delicious soup at the restaurant 7 da)s a&o.
7. ,) famil) bou&ht a ne' car : months a&o.
:. $ read a ver) interestin& novel )esterda) evenin&.
>. ,ar) spo%e 'ith her En&lish teacher last 'ee%( about her eams.
?. <ast ,onda)( +ohn 'rote to his mother a letter.
@. <ast 'inter( $ made a beautiful sno'man in front of the house.
A. .ou &ave )our sister a nec%lace for her birthda).
B. <ast )ear( Tim became a doctor.
C. ,rs. Thompson tau&ht 0panish and En&lish ever) ,onda) and Iednesda).
5=. 2ather came from the office late at noon.
>. Treceti urmatoarele verbe la Trecutul 0implu:
5. $ sleep / $ slept
7. He pla)s / He pla)ed
:. He run / He ran
>. .ou spea% / .ou spo%e
?. The) donKt read / The) didnOt read
@. He doesnKt feel / He didnOt feel
A. $ meet / $ met
B.He catches / He cau&ht
C. .ou 'a%e up / .ou 'o%e up
5=. The) leave / The) left
?. /aspundeti la urmatoarele intrebari conform precizarilor din paranteze:
5. Ihere did )ou sleep last ni&ht# (at "ath)Ks!
$ slept at "ath)Os.
7. Ihen did )ou read this boo%# (: 'ee%s a&o!
$ read this boo% : 'ee%s a&o.
:. Ihen did )ou find out about 0usanKs problems# (last ,onda)!
$ found out about 0usanOs problems last ,onda).
>. Ihere did )ou meet )our friends# (in the par%!
$ met m) friends in the par%.
?. Ihen did she stud) 2rench (7 )ears a&o!
0he studied 2rench 7 )ears a&o.
@. Ihere did he 'or% last )ear#(in a ban%!
He 'or%ed in a ban% last )ear.
A. Ihen did the) divorce# (> )ears a&o!
The) divorced > )ears a&o.
B. Ho' did she die# (in a train accident!
0he died in a train accident.
C. Iho 'as ,ihai Eminescu# (a /omanian poet!
,ihai Eminescu 'as a /omanian poet.
5=. Ihen 'as he born# (in 5CA:!
He 'as born in 5CA:.
)recutul 'ontinuu
A. ,od de formare
Afirmativ:
Subiect + $as (pers&I#III sg) # $ere (restul pers&) + Verbul la infinitiv + terminatia
"-ing"
Eemple:
5. $ 'as learnin& a poem at this time )esterda).
7. .ou 'ere 'aterin& the flo'ers at this time )esterda).
:.The) 'ere mendin& the radio at this time )esterda).
$ntero&ativ:
Ias (pers.$/$$$ s&! / Iere (restul pers.! J 0ubiect J 9erbul la infinitiv J terminatia 3-
in&3
Eemple:
5. Ias $ learnin& a poem at this time )esterda)#
7. Iere )ou 'aterin& the flo'ers at this time )esterda)#
:. Iere the) mendin& the radio at this time )esterda)#
Ne&ativ:
0ubiect J 'as (pers.$/$$$ s&! / 'ere (restul pers.! J not J 9erbul la infinitiv J terminatia
3-in&3
0e folosesc adesea contractiile 'asnKt ('as J not! si 'erenKt ('ere J not!
Eemple:
5. $ 'asnKt learnin& a poem at this time )esterda).
7. .ou 'erenKt 'aterin& the flo'ers at this time )esterda).
:.The) 'erenKt mendin& the radio at this time )esterda).

*. 2olosim Trecutul "ontinuu pentru:
M a e"prima o actiune in desfasurare ce a avut loc in trecut
Eemple:
0he 'as pla)in& in her room at this time )esterda).
The) 'ere listenin& music at this time last 0aturda).
M a e"prima o actiune repetata de-a lungul unei perioade de timp
Eemple:
Did she as% an) Fuestions#
;h( she 'as as%in& Fuestions all the time.
Did he bu) an) s'eets#.
;h( he 'as bu)in& s'eets all the time.
". Epresii cu care se foloseste adesea Trecutul "ontinuu: at tis time !esterda!, from
&&& to &&&, all da!, for &&&
Eemple:
5. Tom 'as t)pin& some letters at this time )esterda) .
7. 0he 'as pla)in& Fuitar from @ to B oKcloc%.
:. The) 'ere lau&hin& all da).
>. 0he 'as livin& in an old buildin& for @ )ears.
Eercitii:
5. 0pune ce facea fiecare pe vremea aceasta( martea trecuta:
Eemplu:
2ather 'as in the livin&-room. ('atch!
2ather 'as 'atchin& T9.
5. ,) mother 'as in the %itchen. (coo%!
7. Daniel 'as in the &arden. ('ater flo'ers!
:. -randma 'as in the bedroom. (sleep!
>. Their friends 'ere at the disco. (dance!
?. Aunt ,ar) and uncle +ohn 'ere in the &ara&e. (repair car!
7. $eri dimineata( toti elevii din clasa a sasea erau in clasa si se pre&ateau pentru testul
de la matematica. 0pune ce facea fiecare cand a intrat profesorul.
Eemplu:
Ana and ,ar) / clean the blac%board.
Ana and ,ar) 'ere cleanin& the blac%board.
5. "hristian / tal% to his des%mate.
7. 9ictor / repeat some &eometr) formulas.
:. Diana and Helen / loo% at some eercises.
>. -eor&e / read the math lesson.
?. Andreea / 'rite her home'or%.
:. Treceti verbele la Trecutul "ontinuu:
Eemplu:
Ie are readin& 0ha%espeare no'.
Ie 'ere readin& 0ha%espeare at this time )esterda)( too.
5. 2ather is fiin& the car in the &ara&e.
7. Timoth) is paintin& the 'all no'.
:. -ranpa and -randma are 'atchin& a movie no'.
>. 0tudents are learnin& ne' 0panish 'ords no'.
?. The bo)s are tr)in& to fi a bic)cle no'.
>. Treceti verbele din paranteze la Trecutul "ontinuu:
Eemplu:
0he (sin&! for 7 hours )esterda).
0he 'as sin&in& for 7 hours )esterda).
5. Tom (practice! in the lan&ua&e lab from 5 p.m. to : p.m. )esterda).
7. ,other (coo%! all da) )esterda).
:. ,) friends ('atch! T9 for @ hours )esterda).
>. 4upils (stud)! 0panish from C a.m. to 55 a.m..
?. 2rom : to ? $ (pla)! tennis )esterda) afternoon.
?. Treceti verbele din paranteze la Trecutul "ontinuu. Aceste verbe eprima o actiune
trecuta care a avut loc o perioada mai lun&a de timp.
Eemplu:
$ ('or%! in a restaurant in the centre of the cit).
$ 'as 'or%in& in a restaurant in the centre of the cit).
5. $ (live! in an old buildin&.
7. ,other (visit! me t'ice a 'ee%.
:. $ (share! m) room 'ith 7 &irls.
>. $ ('or%! on 0aturda)s t'ice a month.
?. $ had a ver) &ood friend( Tom( and he ('or%! in the same restaurant 'ith me.
<ectia 57: Trecutul "ontinuu - raspunsuri
5. 0pune ce facea fiecare pe vremea aceasta( martea trecuta:
5. ,) mother 'as in the %itchen. (coo%!
,) mother 'as coo%in&.
7. Daniel 'as in the &arden. ('ater flo'ers!
Daniel 'as 'aterin& flo'ers.
:. -randma 'as in the bedroom. (sleep!
-randma 'as sleepin&.
>. Their friends 'ere at the disco. (dance!
Their friends 'ere dancin&.
?. Aunt ,ar) and uncle +ohn 'ere in the &ara&e. (repair car!
Aunt ,ar) and uncle +ohn 'ere repairin& the car.
7. $eri dimineata( toti elevii din clasa a sasea erau in clasa si se pre&ateau pentru testul
de la matematica. 0pune ce facea fiecare cand a intrat profesorul.
5. "hristian 'as tal%in& to his des%mate.
7. 9ictor 'as repeatin& some &eometr) formulas.
:. Diana and Helen 'ere loo%in& at some eercises.
>. -eor&e 'ere readin& the math lesson.
?. Andreea 'as 'ritin& her home'or%.
:. Treceti verbele la Trecutul "ontinuu:
5. 2ather is fiin& the car in the &ara&e.
2ather 'as fiin& the car in the &ara&e at this time )esterda)( too.
7. Timoth) is paintin& the 'all no'.
Timoth) 'as paintin& the 'all at this time )esterda)( too.
:. -ranpa and -randma are 'atchin& a movie no'.
-ranpa and -randma 'ere 'atchin& a movie at this time )esterda)( too.
>. 0tudents are learnin& ne' 0panish 'ords no'.
0tudents 'ere learnin& ne' 0panish 'ords at this time )esterda)( too.
?. The bo)s are tr)in& to fi a bic)cle no'.
The bo)s 'ere tr)in& to fi a bic)cle at this time )esterda)( too.
>. Treceti verbele din paranteze la Trecutul "ontinuu:
5. Tom 'as practicin& in the lan&ua&e lab from 5 p.m. to : p.m. )esterda).
7. ,other 'as coo%in& all da) )esterda).
:. ,) friends 'ere 'atchin& T9 for @ hours )esterda).
>. 4upils 'ere stud)in& 0panish from C a.m. to 55 a.m..
?. 2rom : to ? $ 'as pla)in& tennis )esterda) afternoon.
?. Treceti verbele din paranteze la Trecutul "ontinuu. Aceste verbe eprima o actiune
trecuta care a avut loc o perioada mai lun&a de timp.
5. $ 'as livin& in an old buildin&.
7. ,other 'as visitin& me t'ice a 'ee%.
:. $ 'as sharin& m) room 'ith 7 &irls.
>. $ 'as 'or%in& on 0aturda)s t'ice a month.
?. $ had a ver) &ood friend( Tom( and he 'as 'or%in& in the same restaurant 'ith me
Prezentul Perfect Simplu
A. ,od de formare
Afirmativ:
Subiect + ave # as (pers& a III-a sg&) + vb& la forma a III-a
Eemple:
5. $ have 'ashed her blouse.
7. He has 'ritten his home'or%.
:. Ie have learnt our En&lish lesson.
$ntero&ativ:
Have / has (pers. a $$$-a s&.! J 0ubiect J vb. la forma a $$$-a
Eemple:
5. Have $ 'ashed her blouse#
7. Has he 'ritten his home'or%#
:. Have 'e learnt our En&lish lesson#
Ne&ativ:
0ubiect J have/has (pers. a $$$-a s&.! J not J vb. la forma a $$$-a
0e folosesc adesea contractiile havenKt (have J not! si hasnKt (has J not!
Eemple:
5. $ havenKt 'ashed her blouse.
7. He hasnKt 'ritten his home'or%.
:. Ie havenKt learnt our En&lish lesson.
*. 2olosim 4rezentul 4erfect 0implu pentru:
M a e"prima o actiune inceiata de curand, dar nu se cunoaste cu e"actitate
momentul inceierii acesteia
Eemple:
$ have coo%ed a delicious stea%.
The) have finished their home'or%s.
M a e"prima o actiune inceputa in trecut care se continua si in prezent+ efectele
actiunii se resimt si in prezent
Eemple:
$ have lived here since 5CC>.
Ie have started classes for : hours.
". Epresii cu care se foloseste adesea 4rezentul 4erfect 0implu: alread!, (ust, !et
Eemple:
5. He has alread) finished his classes.
7. Tom has 8ust spo%en on the phone 'ith ,ar).
:. The) havenKt 'ritten the eercise )et.
never( ever( often
Eemple:
5. $ have never heard such a thin&.
7. Have )ou ever read this ne's#
:. $ have often travelled b) car to the countr)side.
ever and before
Eemplu:
Have )ou ever heard this son& before#
for and since
Eemple:
5. $Kve had m) o'n car for four )ears.
7. 0he has been ill since )esterda).
until no'( so far( up to no'
Eemple:
5. $ havenKt had an) ,ath problems up to no'.
7. 0o far( he hasnKt complained about his 'a&e.
:. 1ntil no'( $ havenKt heard about this En&lish sin&er.
Eercitii:
5. 4une verbele din paranteza la 4rezentul 4erfect 0implu( ca in eemplul de mai 8os:
Eemplu:
Tom .......... ('rite! .......... his home'or%.
Tom has 8ust 'ritten his home'or%.
5. $ .......... (fi! .......... m) car.
7. 2ather .......... (leave! .......... home.
:. The) .......... (arrive! .......... to the theatre.
>. Ie .......... (see! .......... our ,ath teacher.
?. He .......... (be&in! .......... to cr).
7. "onstruieste propozitii la timpul 4rezent 4erfect 0implu( cu a8utorul epresiilor din
paranteza( ca in eemplele de mai 8os:
Eemple:
$ .......... arrive .......... home. (8ust!
$ have 8ust arrived home.
He .......... paint .......... this picture. (never!
He has never painted this picture.
The) .......... do .......... their home'or%s. ()et!
The) havenKt done their home'or%s )et.
5. ,ar) .......... coo% .......... the soup. (alread)!
7. +ohn and Tom .......... 'atch .......... T9. (8ust!
:. Ie .......... close .......... this 'indo'. (never!
>. 4upils .......... miss .......... the En&lish class. (never!
?. .ou .......... lie .......... to )our mother. (often!
:. /aspunde la urmatoarele intrebari folosind timpul 4rezent 4erfect 0implu( ca in
eemplele de mai 8os:
Eemple:
Have )ou ever heard this son& before# (never!
Ie have never heard this son& before.
Have )ou ever eaten this food before# (often!
Ie have often eaten this food.
5. Has he ever spo%en to his cousin before# (never!
7. Have the) ever pla)ed football# (often!
:. Have )ou ever lied to )our mother# (never!
>. Has she ever s%ated before# (often!
?. Have )ou ever drun% 'his%)# (never!
>. "onstruieste intrebari si raspunsuri ca in eemplul de mai 8os:
Eemplu:
drive the car
Have )ou driven the car )et#
$Km afraid $ havenKt driven it )et.
5. have brea%fast
7. bu) the buster
:. send the letter
>. clean the bathroom
?. 'ash the dishes
?. "ompleteaza urmatoarele propozitii ca in eemplul de mai 8os( folosind timpul
4rezent 4erfect 0implu:
Eemplu:
This is the most beautiful &irl $ .......... (see!
This is the most beautiful &irl $ have ever seen.
5. That is the most interestin& movie he .......... (see!
7. This is the best boo% she .......... (read!
:. This is the bi&&est mall the) .......... (visit!
>. These are the most attractive souvenirs the) .......... (bu)!
?. Those are the most 'onderful monuments the) .......... (see!
<ectia 5:: 4rezentul 4erfect 0implu - raspunsuri
5. 4une verbele din paranteza la 4rezentul 4erfect 0implu:
5. $ have 8ust fied m) car.
7. 2ather has 8ust left home.
:. The) have 8ust arrived to the theatre.
>. Ie have 8ust seen our ,ath teacher.
?. He has 8ust be&un to cr).
7. "onstruieste propozitii la timpul 4rezent 4erfect 0implu( cu a8utorul epresiilor din
paranteza:
5. ,ar) has alread) coo%ed the soup. (alread)!
7. +ohn and Tom have 8ust 'atched T9. (8ust!
:. Ie have never closed this 'indo'. (never!
>. 4upils have never missed the En&lish class. (never!
?. .ou have often lied to )our mother. (often!
:. /aspunde la urmatoarele intrebari folosind timpul 4rezent 4erfect 0implu:
5. Has he ever spo%en to his cousin before# (never!
He has never spo%en to his cousin before.
7. Have the) ever pla)ed football# (often!
The) have often pla)ed football.
:. Have )ou ever lied to )our mother# (never!
$ have never lied to m) mother.
>. Has she ever s%ated before# (often!
0he has often s%ated before.
?. Have )ou ever drun% 'his%)# (never!
$ have never drun% 'his%).
>. "onstruieste intrebari si raspunsuri:
5. have brea%fast
Have )ou had brea%fast )et#
$Km afraid $ havenKt had brea%fast )et.
7. bu) the buster
Have )ou bou&ht the buster )et#
$Km afraid $ havenKt bou&ht it )et.
:. send the letter
Have )ou sent the letter )et#
$Km afraid $ havenKt sent it )et.
>. clean the bathroom
Have )ou cleaned the bathroom )et#
$Km afraid $ havenKt cleaned it )et.
?. 'ash the dishes
Have )ou 'ashed the dishes )et#
$Km afraid $ havenKt 'ashed them )et.
?. "ompleteaza urmatoarele propozitii folosind timpul 4rezent 4erfect 0implu:
5. That is the most interestin& movie he has ever seen.
7. This is the best boo% she has ever read.
:. This is the bi&&est mall the) have ever visited.
>. These are the most attractive souvenirs the) have ever bou&ht.
?. Those are the most 'onderful monuments the) have ever seen.
Prezentul Perfect 'ontinuu
A. ,od de formare
Afirmativ:
Subiect + ave # as (pers& a III-a sg&) + vb& la infinitiv + terminatia "-ing"
Eemple:
5. $ have been 'aitin& for )our repl) since )esterda).
7. He has been sendin& me letters for : months.
:. Ie have been cr)in& for : hours.
$ntero&ativ:
Have / has (pers. a $$$-a s&.! J 0ubiect J been J vb. la infinitiv J terminatia 3-in&3
Eemple:
5. Have $ been 'aitin& for )our repl) since )esterda)#
7. Has he been sendin& me letters for : months#
:. Have 'e been cr)in& for : hours#
Ne&ativ:
0ubiect J have / has (pers. a $$$-a s&.! J not J vb. la infinitiv J terminatia 3-in&3
0e folosesc adesea contractiile havenKt (have J not! si hasnKt (has J not!
Eemple:
5. $ havenKt been 'aitin& for )our repl) since )esterda).
7. He hasnKt been sendin& me letters for : months.
:. Ie havenKt been cr)in& for : hours.
*. 2olosim 4rezentul 4erfect "ontinuu pentru:
M a e"prima o actiune inceputa in trecut si care nu s-a inceiat inca
Eemple:
0he has been eatin& for ten minutes.
The) have been 'or%in& for several hours.
M a descrie stari sau sentimente care au inceput in trecut si au continuat de-a
lungul unei perioade de timp si sunt inca prezente in momentul vorbirii
Eemple:
$ have lived here since 5CC>.
Ie have started classes for : hours.
". Epresii cu care se foloseste adesea 4rezentul 4erfect "ontinuu:
since
Eemplu:
.ou have been livin& in 4aris since 5CC@.
for
Eemplu:
The) have been 'atchin& T9 for : hours.
so far
Eemplu:
0o far( there have been arrivin& 5= passen&ers from <ondon.
ever
Eemplu:
Have )ou ever been listenin& to the radio#
never
Eemplu:
$ have never been travellin& to 2rance until no'.
Eercitii:
5. 4une verbele din paranteza la timpul 4rezentul 4erfect "ontinuu( ca in eemplul de mai 8os:
Eemplu:
$ (travel! abroad for 7 'ee%s.
$ have been travellin& abroad for 7 'ee%s.
5. He ('rite! poems since 5CCA.
7. The children (dra'! this map for half an hour.
:. The pupil (recite! the poem for ten minutes.
>. $ (stud)! En&lish for > )ears.
?. 0arah (do! her home'or% for 7 hours.
7. /eformuleaza urmatoarele propozitii folosind 2;/ J the last J 4rezentul 4erfect
"ontinuu( ca in eemplul de mai 8os:
Eemplu:
He be&an 'atchin& T9 7 hours a&o.
He has been 'atchin& T9 for the last 7 hours.
5. Ie be&an 'aterin& the flo'ers 7 da)s a&o.
7. 4aul and +im be&an 'ritin& their home'or% half an hour a&o.
:. ,other be&an &oin& to the doctor : months a&o.
>. 2ather be&an coo%in& for his famil) 5= minutes a&o.
?. The poet be&an composin& that poem 5 month a&o.
:. 4une la forma intero&ativa a timpului 4rezent 4erfect "ontinuu( propozitiile de mai
8os:
Eemplu:
He has been listenin& to the radio for 5 hour.
Has he been listenin& to the radio for 5 hour#
5. "hildren have been sta)in& in the bus for 5= hours.
7. 4upils have been pla)in& in the school&arden since noon.
:. The detective has been investi&atin& this case since 7===.
>. The theatre sho' has been startin& for : hours.
?. $ have been 'atchin& 3.oun& R /estless3 since 7==5.
>. "ompleteaza spatiile &oale cu 32;/3 si 30$N"E3. 4une verbele din paranteza la
4rezentul 4erfect "ontinuu:
Eemplu:
Helen (stud)! En&lish .......... last summer.
Helen& has been stud)in& En&lish since last summer.
5. Ie (tal%! about that horrible accident .......... half an hour.
7. 0he (coo%! a chic%en soup .......... 5 hour.
:. The) (phone! the mana&er .......... the last five minutes.
>. ,ar) (live! in ,anhattan .......... +une 5CCB.
?. $t (rain! .......... mornin&.
?. /eformuleaza urmatoarele propozitii folosind 30$N"E3 si 4rezentul 4erfect 0implu(
ca in eemplul urmator:
Eemplu:
$t is rainin&. $t started on Iednesda).
$t has been rainin& since Iednesda).
5. He is cr)in&. He be&an at noon.
7. 2ather is sleepin&. He 'ent to bed at C oKcloc% in the evenin&.
:. Ie are travellin& b) train. Ie left *ucharest )esterda) evenin&.
>. The artist is dra'in&. He started his 'or% in +anuar).
?. Ie are 'atchin& the football &ame. $t be&an at B oKcloc%.
<ectia 5>: 4rezentul 4erfect "ontinuu - raspunsuri
5. 4une verbele din paranteza la timpul 4rezentul 4erfect "ontinuu:
5. He has been 'ritin& poems since 5CCA.
7. The children have been dra'in& this map for half an hour.
:. The pupil has been recitin& the poem for ten minutes.
>. $ have been stud)in& En&lish for > )ears.
?. 0arah has been doin& her home'or% for 7 hours.
7. /eformuleaza urmatoarele propozitii folosind 2;/ J the last J 4rezentul 4erfect
"ontinuu:
5. Ie be&an 'aterin& the flo'ers 7 da)s a&o.
Ie have been 'aterin& flo'ers for the last 7 da)s.
7. 4aul and +im be&an 'ritin& their home'or% half an hour a&o.
4aul and +im have been 'ritin& their home'or% for the last half an hour.
:. ,other be&an &oin& to the doctor : months a&o.
,other has been &oin& to the doctor for the last : months.
>. 2ather be&an coo%in& for his famil) 5= minutes a&o.
2ather has been coo%in& for his famil) for the last 5= minutes.
?. The poet be&an composin& that poem 5 month a&o.
The poet has been composin& that poem for the last 5 month.
:. 4une la forma intero&ativa a timpului 4rezent 4erfect "ontinuu( propozitiile de mai
8os:
5. "hildren have been sta)in& in the bus for 5= hours.
Have been children sta)in& in the bus for 5= hours#
7. 4upils have been pla)in& in the school&arden since noon.
Have been pupils pla)in& in the school&arden since noon#
:. The detective has been investi&atin& this case since 7===.
Has the detective been investi&atin& this case since 7===#
>. The theatre sho' has been startin& for : hours.
Has the theatre sho' been startin& for : hours#
?. $ have been 'atchin& 3.oun& R /estless3 since 7==5.
Have $ been 'atchin& 3.oun& R /estless3 since 7==5#
>. "ompleteaza spatiile &oale cu 32;/3 si 30$N"E3. 4une verbele din paranteza la
4rezentul 4erfect "ontinuu:
5. Ie have been tal%in& about that horrible accident for half an hour.
7. 0he has been coo%in& a chic%en soup for 5 hour.
:. The) have been phonin& the mana&er for the last five minutes.
>. ,ar) has been livin& in ,anhattan since +une 5CCB.
?. $t has been rainin& since mornin&.
?. /eformuleaza urmatoarele propozitii folosind 30$N"E3 si 4rezentul 4erfect 0implu:
5. He is cr)in&. He be&an at noon.
He has been cr)in& since noon.
7. 2ather is sleepin&. He 'ent to bed at C oKcloc% in the evenin&.
2ather has been sleepin& since C oKcloc% in the evenin&.
:. Ie are travellin& b) train. Ie left *ucharest )esterda) evenin&.
Ie have been travellin& b) train since )esterda) evenin&.
>. The artist is dra'in&. He started his 'or% in +anuar).
The artist has been dra'in& since +anuar).
?. Ie are 'atchin& the football &ame. $t be&an at B oKcloc%.
Ie have been 'atchin& the football &ame since B oKcloc%
Trecutul perfect simplu si continuu H diateza activa
A. 1tilizare
)recutul perfect simplu
Trecutul perfect simplu se foloseste pentru actiuni incepute inaintea unui anumit moment din
trecut, mentionat sau nu si continuand inca in acel moment.
Eemplu: The) had lived there ever since the) had been born. S Ei locuisera acolo de cand se
nascusera.
)recutul perfect continuu
Trecutul perfect continuu se foloseste pentru o actiuni care au fost in curs de desfasurare pana
cu putin inainte de un anumit moment din trecut.
Eemplu: $ had 8ust been dressin& 'hen the bell ran&. S Tocmai ma imbracasem cand a sunat
soneria.
*. 2ormare
Trecutul perfect simplu
Afirmativ
4ronume J vb. Tto haveU (trecut simplu! J verbul de con8u&at la participiu trecut
0in&ular
$. $ had seen/$Od seen S Eu vazusem
$$. .ou had seen S Tu vazusesi
$$$.m. He had seen S El vazuse
$$$.f. 0he had seen S Ea vazuse
$$$.n.$t had seen S El/Ea vazuse
4lural
$. Ie had seen S Noi vazuseram
$$. .ou had seen S 9oi vazuserati
$$$. The) had seen S Ei/Ele vazusera
Ne&ativ
4ronume J vb. Tto haveU (trecut simplu! J TnotU J verbul de con8u&at la participiu
trecut
0in&ular
$. $ had not/hadnOt seen S Eu nu vazusem
$$. .ou hadnOt seen S Tu nu vazusesi
$$$.m. He hadnOt seen S El nu vazuse
$$$.f. 0he hadnOt seen S Ea nu vazuse
$$$.n. $t hadnOt seen S El/Ea nu vazuse
4lural
$. Ie hadnOt seen S Noi nu vazuseram
$$..ou hadnOt seen S 9oi nu vazuserati
$$$. The) hadnOt seen S Ei/Ele nu vazusera
$ntero&ativ
Had J pronume J verbul de con8u&at la participiu trecut
0in&ular
$. Had $ seen# S Eu vazusem#
$$. Had )ou seen# S Tu vazusesi#
$$$.m. Had he seen# S El vazuse#
$$$.f. Had she seen# S Ea vazuse#
$$$.n. Had it seen# S El/Ea vazuse#
4lural
$. Had 'e seen# S Noi vazuseram#
$$. Had )ou seen# S 9oi vazuserati#
$$$. Had the) seen# S Ei/Ele vazusera#
Trecutul perfect continuu
Afirmativ
4ronume J vb. Tto haveU (trecut simplu! J TbeenU J verbul de con8u&at la participiu
prezent
0in&ular
$. $ had been eatin& S Eu mancasem
$$. .ou had been eatin& S Tu mancasesi
$$$.m. He had been eatin& S El mancase
$$$.f. 0he had been eatin& S Ea mancase
$$$.n. $t had been eatin& S El/Ea mancase
4lural
$. Ie had been eatin& S Noi mancasem
$$. .ou had been eatin& S 9oi mancaserati
$$$. The) had been eatin& S Ei/Ele mancasera
Ne&ativ
4ronume J vb. Tto haveU (trecut simplu! J not J TbeenU J verbul de con8u&at la
participiu prezent
0in&ular
$. $ had not/hadnOt been eatin& S Eu nu mancasem
$$. .ou hadnOt been eatin& S Tu nu mancasesi
$$$.m. He hadnOt been eatin& S El nu mancase
$$$.f. 0he hadnOt been eatin& S Ea nu mancase
$$$.n. $t hadnOt been eatin& S El/Ea nu mancase
4lural
$. Ie hadnOt been eatin& S Noi nu mancasem
$$. .ou hadnOt been eatin& S 9oi nu mancaserati
$$$. The) hadnOt been eatin& S Ei/Ele nu mancasera
$ntero&ativ
9b. Tto haveU (trecut simplu! J pronume J TbeenU J verbul de con8u&at la participiu
prezent
0in&ular
$. Had $ been eatin&# S Eu mancasem#
$$. Had )ou been eatin&# S Tu mancasesi#
$$$.m. Had he been eatin&# S El mancase#
$$$.f. Had she been eatin&# S Ea mancase#
$$$.n. Had it been eatin&# S El/Ea mancase#
4lural
$. Had 'e been eatin&# S Noi mancasem#
$$. Had )ou been eatin&# S 9oi mancaserati#
$$$. Had the) been eatin&# S Ei/Ele mancasera#
9iitorul apropiat H diateza activa
2ormare
9iitorul apropiat
Afirmativ
4ronume J vb. Tto beU(prezent! J T&oin& toU J verbul de con8u&at la infinitiv
0in&ular
$. $ am &oin& to see S Eu o sa vad
$$. .ou are &oin& to see S Tu o sa vezi
$$$.m. He is &oin& to see S El o sa vada
$$$.f. 0he is &oin& to see S Ea o sa vada
$$$.n.$t is &oin& to see S El/Ea o sa vada
4lural
$. Ie are &oin& to see S Noi o sa vedem
$$. .ou are &oin& to see S 9oi o sa vedeti
$$$. The) are &oin& to see S Ei/Ele o sa vada
Ne&ativ
4ronume J vb. Tto beU (prezent! J TnotU J T&oin& toU J verbul de con8u&at la infinitiv
0in&ular
$. $ am not &oin& to see S Eu nu o sa vad
$$. .ou arenOt &oin& to see S Tu nu o sa vezi
$$$.m. He isnOt &oin& to see S El nu o sa vada
$$$.f. 0he isnOt &oin& to see S Ea nu o sa vada
$$$.n. $t isnOt &oin& to see S El/Ea nu o sa vada
4lural
$. Ie arenOt &oin& to see S Noi nu o sa vedem
$$..ou arenOt &oin& to see S 9oi nu o sa vedeti
$$$. The) arenOt &oin& to see S Ei/Ele nu o sa vada
$ntero&ativ
9b. Tto beU (prezent! J pronume J T&oin& toU J verbul de con8u&at la infinitiv
0in&ular
$. Am $ &oin& to see# S Eu o sa vad#
$$. Are )ou &oin& to see# S Tu o sa vezi#
$$$.m. $s he &oin& to see# S El o sa vada#
$$$.f. $s she &oin& to see# S Ea o sa vada#
$$$.n. $s it &oin& to see# S El/Ea o sa vada#
4lural
$. Are 'e &oin& to see# S Noi o sa vedem#
$$. Are )ou &oin& to see# S 9oi o sa vedeti#
$$$. Are the) &oin& to see# S Ei/Ele o sa vada#
9iitorul apropiat trecut
Afirmativ
4ronume J vb. Tto beU (trecut! J T&oin& toU J verbul de con8u&at la infinitiv
0in&ular
$. $ 'as &oin& to eat S Eu aveam de &and sa mananc
$$. .ou 'ere &oin& to eat S Tu aveai de &and sa mananci
$$$.m. He 'as &oin& to eat S El avea de &and sa manance
$$$.f. 0he 'as &oin& to eat S Ea avea de &and sa manance
$$$.n. $t 'as &oin& to eat S El/Ea avea de &and sa manance
4lural
$. Ie 'ere &oin& to eat S Noi aveam de &and sa mancam
$$. .ou 'ere &oin& to eat S 9oi aveati de &and sa mancati
$$$. The) 'ere &oin& to eat S Ei/Ele aveau de &and sa manance
Ne&ativ
4ronume J vb. Tto beU (trecut! J not J T&oin& toU J verbul de con8u&at la infinitiv
0in&ular
$. $ 'asnOt &oin& to eat S Eu nu aveam de &and sa mananc
$$. .ou 'erenOt &oin& to eat S Tu nu aveai de &and sa mananci
$$$.m. He 'asnOt &oin& to eat S El nu avea de &and sa manance
$$$.f. 0he 'asnOt &oin& to eat S Ea nu avea de &and sa manance
$$$.n. $t 'asnOt &oin& to eat S El/Ea nu avea de &and sa manance
4lural
$. Ie 'erenOt &oin& to eat S Noi nu aveam de &and sa mancam
$$. .ou 'erenOt &oin& to eat S 9oi nu aveati de &and sa mancati
$$$. The) 'erenOt &oin& to eat S Ei/Ele nu aveau de &and sa manance
$ntero&ativ
9b. Tto beU (trecut! J pronume J T&oin& toU J verbul de con8u&at la infinitiv
0in&ular
$. Ias $ &oin& to eat# S Eu aveam de &and sa mananc#
$$. Iere )ou &oin& to eat# S Tu aveai de &and sa mananci#
$$$.m. Ias he &oin& to eat# S El avea de &and sa manance#
$$$.f. Ias she &oin& to eat# S Ea avea de &and sa manance#
$$$.n. Ias it &oin& to eat# S El/Ea avea de &and sa manance#
4lural
$. Iere 'e &oin& to eat# S Noi aveam de &and sa mancam#
$$. Iere )ou &oin& to eat# S 9oi aveati de &and sa mancati#
$$$. Iere the) &oin& to eat# S Ei/Ele aveau de &and sa manance#
9iitorul 0implu
Afirmativ
$ 'ill/shall (Vll! paint
.ou 'ill paint
0he/he 'ill paint
Ie shall paint
.ou 'ill paint
The) 'ill paint
$ntero&ativ
Iill $ paint#
Iill )ou paint#
Iill she/he paint#
Iill 'e paint#
Iill )ou paint#
Iill the) paint#
Ne&ativ
$ 'ill not ('onOt! paint
.ou 'ill not ('onOt! paint
He/she 'ill not ('onOt! paint
Ie shall not (shanOt! paint
.ou 'ill not ('onOt! paint
The) 'ill not ('onOt! paint
0e foloseste infinitivul scurt al verbului de con8u&at precedat de verbul auiliar 'ill (cateodata
shall la pers sin& si pl!
0e foloseste :
-eprima anticiparea unei actiuni sau stari
$t 'ill rain tomorro'.
,aine va ploua.
Iill in asemenea contete are valoare neutra( eprimand doar ideea de viitor si nu
aceea de vointa( transmisa de verbul modal 'ill.
-eprima o intentie in viitor sau o decizie pentru viitor luata in momentul vorbirii( nu
eistenta anterior in mintea vorbitorului
;h( )ou can &et itD Iait a minute( $Oll help )ouWW.
Ah( nu poti a8un&e s-o/sa-l ieiD Asteapta o clipa( te voi a8utaW..
0hall( auiliarul pentru persoana $ sin&. si pl. este folosit in limba8ul oficial( in vorbirea curenta
preferandu-se 'ill.
-propozitiile intero&ative cu 'ill la pers. a $$-X pot eprima o ru&aminte
Iill )ou help me lift the chair#
9rei sa ma a8uti sa ridic scaunul#
-propozitiile intero&ative cu shall eprima fi' o oferta (0hall $ &o there for )ou#! fie
cererea unui sfat (Ihere shall $ &o#!
9iitorul continuu
Afirmativ
$ 'ill/shall (Vll! be paintin&
.ou 'ill be paintin&
0he/he 'ill be paintin&
Ie shall be paintin&
.ou 'ill be paintin&
The) 'ill be paintin&
$ntero&ativ
Iill $ be paintin&#
Iill )ou be paintin&#
Iill she/hebe paintin&#
Iill 'e be paintin&#
Iill )ou be paintin&#
Iill the) be paintin&#
Ne&ativ
$ 'ill not/shall not be paintin&
.ou 'ill not be paintin&
0he/he 'ill not be paintin&
Ie 'ill not/shall not be paintin&
Ie 'ill not be paintin&
.ou 'ill not be paintin&
The) 'ill not be paintin&
0e foloseste viitorul verbului be J participiul prezent sl verbului de con8u&at
0e foloseste:
-eprima o actiune in desfasurare in viitor
This time tomorro' $Oll be havin& lunch
,aine pe vremea asta voi lua masa de pranz
-eprima o actiune care urmeaza sa aiba loc ca fiind in ordinea fireasca a lucrurilor
$Oll be 'ritin& to )ou
$ti voi scrie
Iill )ou be sta)in& 'ith us#
9eti sta la noi#
-eprima o supozitie in le&atura cu o actiune care are loc in prezent
HeOll be s'immin& no'.
Acum o fi innotand.
2uture in the 4ast
,od de formare:
-se foloseste 'ould in loc de 'ill
-cand viitorul 'ste eprimat de be &oin& to( se foloseste past continuous in loc de
4resent "ontinuous
$ntrebuintrae:
"oncordanta timpurilor cere folosirea acestui timp cu referire la actiuni sau stari ce erau
viitoare intr-un moment trecut
$ %ne' he 'ould succed.
0tiam ca va reusi
$ thou&ht )ou 'ere &oin& to leave
"redeam ca vei pleca
2uture 4erfect
Afirmativ
$ Vll have painted
.ou Vll have painted
0he/he Vll have painted
Ie Vll have painted
.ou Vll have painted
The) Vll have painted
$ntero&ativ
Iill $ have painted#
Iill )ou have painted#
Iill she/he have painted#
Iill 'e have painted#
Iill )ou have painted#
Iill the) have painted#
Ne&ativ
$ 'onOt have painted
.ou 'onOt have painted
0he/he 'onOt have painted
Ie 'onOt have painted
.ou 'onOt have painted
The) 'onOt have painted
$ntrebuintare:
-eprima o actiune care nu a avut loc inca( dar care se va fi intamplat inainte de un
moment in viitor
This time net )ear $Oll have completed m) studies.
<a anul pe vremea aceasta imi voi fi terminat studiile.
0e formeaza: 'ill have J a $$$-a forma (past participle! a verbului de con8u&at
2uture 4erfect "ontinuous
Afirmativ
$ Vll have been paintin&
.ou Vll have been paintin&
0he/he Vll have been paintin&
Ie Vll have been paintin&
.ou Vll have been paintin&
The) Vll have been paintin&
$ntero&ativ
Iill $ have been paintin&#
Iill )ou have been paintin&#
Iill she/he have been paintin&#
Iill 'e have been paintin&#
Iull )ou have been paintin&#
Iill the) have been paintin&#
Ne&ativ
$ 'onOt have been paintin&.
.ou 'onOt have been paintin&.
0he/he 'onOt have been paintin&.
Ie 'onOt have been paintin&.
.ou 'onOt have been paintin&.
The) 'onOt have been paintin&.
0e formeaza: 'ill have been J forma in Hin& (participiu prezent! a verbului de con8u&at
$ntrebuinare: se foloseste pentru aa accentua ideea de desafurare a unei actiuni intr-un
moment viitor
$ 'onOt have been 'or%in& for this compan) ver) lon& 'hen )ou visit us.
Nu voi fi lucrand pentru aceasta firma de mult timp cand ne vei vizita.
<ista verbelor nere&ulate
$n aceasta lectie vom vedea care sunt verbele nere&ulate( care sunt formele lor la
infinitiv( trecut si participiu trecut( precum si traducerea lor.
Infinitiv Trecut
Participiu
trecut
Traducere
Past tense
Past
participle
to abide abode abode
a astepta, a sta, a
locui
to arise arose arisen a se ridica
to awake awoke awoke a se trezi
to be was, were been a fi
to bear bore born a se naste
to beat beat beaten a bate
to become became become a deveni
to begin began begun a icepe
to behold beheld beheld a zari, a vedea
to bend bent bent a idoi
to beseech besought besought a implora
to bear bore born a se naste
to bet bet bet a paria
to bid bade bidden a oferi, a licita
to bind bound bound a lega
to bite bit bitten a musca
to bleed bled bled a sangera
to bless blest blest a binecuvanta
to blow blew blown a sufla
to break broke broken a sparge
to breed bred bred a creste
to bring brought brought a aduce
to
broadcast
broadcast broadcast
a transmite prin
radio
to burn burnt (burned) burnt (burned) a arde
to burst burst burst a izbucni
to buy bought bought a cumpara
to can could been able to a putea, a fi posibil
to cast cast cast a arunca
to catch caught caught a prinde
to choose chose chosen a alege
to cleave cleft cleft a despica
to cling clung clung a se lipi
to come came come a veni
to cost cost cost a costa
to creep crept crept a se tara
to cut cut cut a taia
to deal dealt dealt
a se ocupa, a trata
afaceri
to dig dug dug a sapa
to do did done a face
to draw drew drawn a desena
to dream
dreamt
(dreamed)
dreamt
(dreamed)
a visa
to drink drank drunk a bea
to drive drove driven a conduce masina
to dwell dwelt dwelt
a locui, a ramane, a
insista
to eat ate eaten a manca
to fall fell fallen a cadea
to feed fed fed a hrani
to feel felt felt a simti
to fight fought fought a lupta
to find found found a gasi
to fly flew flown a zbura
to forbid forbade forbidden a interzice
to forecast forecast forecast a prevedea
to foresee foresaw foreseen a prevedea
to foretell foretold foretold a prezice
to forget forgot forgotten a uita
to forgive forgave forgiven a ierta
to forgo forwent forgone
a renunta la, a da
uitarii
forsake forsook forsaken a parasi
to freeze froze frozen a igheta
to get got got a primi
to give gave given a da
to go went gone a merge
to grind ground ground a macina
to grow grew grown a creste
to hang hung (hanged) hung (hanged) a spanzura
to have had had a avea
to hear heard heard a auzi
to hide hid hidden a ascunde
to hit hit hit a lovi
to hold held held a tine
to hurt hurt hurt a rani
to keep kept kept a pastra
to kneel knelt knelt a igenunchia
to knit knit knit a tricota
to know knew known a sti, a cunoaste
to lay laid laid a aseza
to lead led led a conduce
to lean leant leant a se sprijini de
to learn
learnt
(learned)
learnt
(learned)
a invata
to leave left left a lasa, a parasi
to lend lent lent a mprumuta (cuiva)
to let let let a permite
to lie lay lain a fi culcat
to light lit lit a aprinde
to lose lost lost a pierde
to make made made a face
to mean meant meant a isemna
to meet met met a intalni
to misgive misgave misgiven a inspira neicredere
to mislead misled misled a induce i eroare
to mistake mistook mistaken a itelege gresit
to outdo outdid outdone a itrece
to
overcome
overcame overcome a ivinge
to overdo overdid overdone a face exces
to pay paid paid a plati
to put put put a pune
to read read read a citi
to rend rent rent a sfasia, a rupe
to ride rode ridden a calari
to ring rang rung a suna
to rise rose risen a se ridica
to run ran run a alerga
to say said said a spune
to see saw seen a vedea
to seek sought sought a cauta
to sell sold sold a vinde
to send sent sent a trimite
to set set set a fixa, a regla
to sew sewed sewn (sewed) a coase
to shake shook shaken a scutura, a clatina
to shave shaved shaven a se barbieri
to shed shed shed a varsa (lacrimi)
to shine shone shone a straluci
to shoe shod shod a icalta, a potcovi
to shoot shot shot a mpusca
to show showed shown a arata
to shrink shrank shrunk a se strange
to shut shut shut a ichide
to sing sang sung a canta
to sink sank sunk a se scufunda
to sit sat sat a sta (pe scaun)
to slay slew slain a ucide
to sleep slept slept a dormi
to slide slid slid a aluneca
to sling slung slung a azvarli
to slit slit slit a crapa, a despica
to smell
smelt
(smelled)
smelt
(smelled)
a mirosi
to smite smote smitten a lovi
to sow sowed sown a semana
to speak spoke spoken a vorbi
to speed sped sped a accelera, a goni
to spell spelt (spelled) spelt (spelled)
a pronunta litera cu
litera
to spend spent spent a petrece, a cheltui
to spill spilt spilt a varsa
to spin spun spun a toarce, a se roti
to spit spat spat a scuipa
to split split split a despica
to spoil spoilt spoilt a strica
to spread spread spread a itinde
to spring sprang sprung a sari, a tasni
to stand stood stodd a sta i picioare
to steal stole stolen a fura
to stick stuck stuck a ifige, a se lipi
to sting stung stung a itepa
to stink stank stunk a mirosi urat
to strike struck struck a lovi
to string strung strung a insira, a incorda
to strive strove striven a se stradui
to swear swore sworn a jura
to sweep swept swept a matura
to swim swam swum a inota
to swing swung swung a se legana
to take took taken a lua
to teach taught taught a ivata, a preda
to tear tore torn a rupe, a sfasia
to tell told told a spune
to think thought thought a gandi, a crede
to throw threw thrown a arunca
to thrust thrust thrust a mbranci
to tread trod trodden a calca
to underlie underlay underlain a sustine
to
understand
understood understood a itelge
to upset upset upset a supara
to wake woke woken a se trezi
to wear wore worn a purta
to weave wove woven a tese
to wet wet wet a uda
to win won won a castiga
to wind wound wound a se rasuci
to wring wrung wrung a frange, a smulge
to write wrote written a scrie