MIXTURE SEPARATION

1. Filtration
2. Evaporation and Crystallization
3. Distillation
4. Sublimation
5. Chromatography
1. Filtration
To separate substance by using
filtration method, we can pass mixture
through a filter paper. The substance
staying (filtered) on the filter paper is
called residue.
Meanwhile, the substance passing
through the filter paper is called filtrate.
2. Evaporation and Crystallization
Evaporation: mixture separation using
evaporation method is done by
evaporating the solvent which has boiling
point that lower than that of solute.

The mixture separation using evaporation
method widely use by salt farmers in
coastal regions.


Crystallization: the mixture separation by
using crystallization method can be found
among others in the purification process
for table salt and sugar separation of
sugar and sugar cane liquid

solution
1. Solution is cooled 3. Solute is regained 2. Solute freezes
3. Distillation
Distillation is process to separate a
mixture which consists of solids and
liquids nor liquids and liquids based on the
difference of boiling points of the mixture
components.
Distillation process consists of two steps,
those are evaporation step and
condensation.

4. Sublimation
Sublimation is used to separate mixture of
substances which can sublime (change
from gaseous phase into solid directly
without passing the liquid phase).

The example of mixture separation by
sublimation can be found in the process of
camphor, iodine, and ammonium chloride.
5. Chromatography
Chromatography is one of the mixture
separation methods which is based on the
difference of spreading velocity of the
mixture components in certain medium (for
example water).