Majida Halaweh, Nathaniel Saldanha

English Language Arts 11

19 May 2014
Switzerlands Mst Me!ra"le #ntri"utin t the $rld% &he Swiss Ar!y 'ni(e
)ur*se% &he !aterial *r*erties ( 440A steel !a+e it an ideal ally (r the ,reatin ( Swiss
Ar!y 'ni(e "lades-
.- .ntrdu,tin% &he Swiss Ar!y 'ni(e, was ,reated (r !e!"ers ( the Swiss Ar!y- &he
designer wanted the +ni(e t ,ntain a "lade alng with !any ther handy tls t ,reate
a ,n/enient and easy t use de/i,e- &his tl !ay ha/e "een designed (r sldiers "ut it
was nt intended (r ,!"at- &he Swiss Ar!y 'ni(e has "een used (r anything (r! a
,an *ener t a *en,il shar*ener- .t is nt +nwn wh the riginal !anu(a,turer is
"e,ause tw ,!*anies, 0i,trin1 and $enger, ,lai! t "e the riginal-
..- 2asi, .n(r!atin%
a- Na!ing Syste! 34ra*hi, Shwing E1*lanatin5
i- Syste! used is ,alled A.S. ,reated "y the A!eri,an .rn and Steel
.nstitute Syste!
ii- &he (irst nu!"er indi,ates the !ain allying ele!ent 6"esides irn7 8 in
this ,ase, it is ,hr!iu!
iii- &he last tw nu!"ers indi,ate the ,ar"n !ini!u! ,ar"n *er,entage
60-0197 (r the 440 ally
i/- &he letter at the end indi,ates that there are se/eral /arieties ( the 440
ally 6!re n that n anther slide7
"- Ele!ents 3&a"le with Ele!ents and )er,entages5
i- #hr!iu!
1- )er,ent #!*sitin 1:81;9
2- Added (r luster and hardness 6!a+es it "rittle7
ii- #ar"n
1- )er,ent #!*sitin 0-:0 8 0-<=9
2- .n,reases strength
iii- Sul(ur
1- )er,ent #!*sitin 0-0>9
2- .!*urity
i/- )hs*hrus
1- )er,ent #!*sitin 0-049
2- .!*urity
/- Sili,n
1- )er,ent #!*sitin 19
2- .!*urity
/i- Mly"denu!
1- )er,ent #!*sitin 0-<=9
2- Adds ,rrsin resistan,e and high te!*erature strength
>- 2inds with #hr!iu! t de,rease "rittleness
/ii- Manganese
Halaweh and Saldanha 2
1- )er,ent #!*sitin 19
2- Hel*s with hardena"ility "y getting rid ( sul(ur
/iii- .rn
1- )er,ent #!*sitin ;2-9>9
2- Main Ele!ent
,- &y*es ( 440 Ally%
i- 440A has 0-: 8 0-<=9 #ar"n 6lwest "rittleness, highest strain resistan,e
"e,ause ( lwer ,ar"n7
ii- 4402 has 0-<= 8 0-9=9 #ar"n
iii- 440# has 0-9= 8 1-29 #ar"n
d- Martensiti, Stainless Steel
i- ?e(initin% ,ntains high a!unts ( ,hr!iu! and /ery little ( ther
allying ele!ents
ii- Least resistant t ,rrsin 6ut ( the (ur ty*es ( stainless steels7
e- List ( )rdu,t @ses% 'ni(e, #an A*ener, ?r A*ener, Saw, Br+, $ea*n, )ry8
2ar, $ire Stri**er, )en,il Shar*ener, En/el*e A*ener
(- ?ensity% <-:;gC,,
...- Material )r*erties%
a- Me,hani,al )r*erties
i- Hardness
1- 0alue % =12 2rinell Nu!"er r D,+well #% =;
2- D,+well #% Minr Lad% 10+g Majr Lad% 1=0+g, )enetratr%
?ia!nd8)int
>- 2rinell Hardness Nu!"er% Br,e ( >000 +g, )enetratr% Dund
2all
4- A"ility ( a !aterial t resist de(r!atin
=- @se(ul% a "lade wnt dent, "end r "rea+-
ii- &ensile Strength
1- 2:0 +si 6#ar*enter% Stainless Steels7
2- A"ility ( a !aterial t withstand stress in tensin
>- @se(ul% Nt e1tre!ely use(ul (r ur *rdu,t
iii- ?u,tilityC2rittleness 6)er,ent Elngatin7
1- )er,ent elngatin in 2E% =9
2- A"ility ( a !aterial t "end withut "rea+ing
>- A!unt a !aterials length in,reases (r! stress di/ided "y
/erall length
4- 440As ,!"inatin ( high hardness and lw "rittleness is use(ul
and !a+es it an ideal ally (r this *rdu,t
=- ?nt want a +ni(e that is "rittle
:- @se(ul% +ni(e wnt "rea+ under stress and retains a shar* edge
i/- #rrsin Desistan,e
1- Desists ,rrsin in !ild en/irn!ents
2- A"ility ( a !aterial t *rte,t itsel( against a ,he!i,al atta,+
>- Desistan,e t A,ids% Mstly restri,ted 6nt great resistan,e7
4- Desistan,e t Al+ali% Mstly !derate 6+ay resistan,e7
Halaweh and Saldanha >
=- Desistan,e t Ather #he!i,als% t Na#l 8 restri,ted, hu!idity 8
gd
:- @se(ul% Allws the +ni(e t "e used t a /ariety ( en/irn!ents 8
in,reases /ersatility ( "lade
.0- Manu(a,turing )r,esses
a- Hw its Made 0ide% htt*s%CCwww-yutu"e-,!Cwat,hF/Gt'E:?tsB>eM
"- .nitial State% Sheet
,- Heat8&reat )r,esses%
i- Nr!alized 6&y*e ( Annealing 8 S(tening7 se/eral ti!es
1- & eli!inate stress,
2- & redu,e war*ing, and
>- & !a+e redu,e "rittleness during Huen,hing
ii- Iuen,hed in il6908114 B7 at a"ut 1=0081900 B held (r >084= !inutes
iii- &e!*ered 6in,rease tughness7 at%
1- >00JB 8 1 hur 8 DC# :0
2- =00JB 8 1 hur 8 DC# =<
>- ;00JB 8 1 hur 8 DC# =:
0- Si!ilar )rdu,ts%
a- Ather *,+et +ni(es
"- ?i((erent Allys% high ,ar"n steels 6440#, 410,7
,- 440A has an e1,ellent hardness withut "e,!ing t "rittle
0.- #n,lusin% &he Swiss Ar!y 'ni(e is ne ( the !st i,ni, *rdu,ts that illustrates
,n/enien,e- &he !any tls in,luded in the ty*i,al Swiss Ar!y 'ni(e !a+e it use(ul in
!any en/irn!ents- &he !aterial *r*erties ( the 440A steel ally allw it t "e used in
a wide /ariety ( *la,es and ways-