L AYERS OF THE EARTH

BY SOHAN REDDY
L AYERS
Ocean crust
Continental crust
Lithosphere
Asthenosphere
Upper mantle
Transition zone
Lower mantle
Outer core
Inner core
THE CRUST
OCEAN CRUST

The oceanic crust is a thin layer made up of rocks.

The crust is approximately 10km deep and rock is also

more denser compared to the continental crust.

Ocean crust is made up of maa rock and sima.

Maa rock and sima are both very high in iron and
magnesium.

Ocean crust is made up of 4 layers.

Layer 1: sediments

Layer 2: volcanic crust

Layer 3: plutonic crust

Layer 4: mantle harzburgite

CONTI NENTAL CRUST
Continental crust is made up of sedimentary, metamorphic and
igneous rocks.
This layer is believed to be 35km deep.
The continental crust is way less denser compared to the ocean crust.
This layer takes up about 70% of the Earth's crust.
The continental crust is only 0.374% of the Earth's mass.
The shied rock from the continental crust is believed to be around
3,960,000,000 years old.
MANTL E
The mantle is the part between the outer core and the
Earth's crust.
The mantle is high in iron and nickel
Scientists have estimated the mantle to be 2900km
deep.
L I THOSPHERE

The lithosphere is a part of the crust
and also the uppermost part of the
mantle.
The lithosphere is 100km deep on
most places.
This layer is moving all the time but
very slowly.
The lithosphere is broken up into
huge sections called tectonic plates.
The heat supplied from the mantle
gets the plates moving. Tectonic
plates integrating with each can cause
earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.
Their are 2 types of layers in the lithosphere: oceanic and continental
lithosphere. Can also be know as oceanic crust or continental crust.
The oceanic lithosphere is linked to the ocean crust and the continental
lithosphere is linked to the continental crust.
About 90% of the oceanic lithosphere/crust is made up of mafia rock.
This layer is always thickening which is occurred by the conducting cooling
as the boiling asthenosphere turns into the lithosphere mantle.
Compared to the continental part, the oceanic is much much younger.
The continental lithosphere also known as the continental crust is known to
cover 40% of the Earth's surface.
ASTHENOSPHERE/ THE UPPER MANTL E
This layer leis under neath the lithosphere.
It is believed to be in between 80-200km deep.
The asthenosphere is mostly solid, but can be melted
in some areas.
This layer mainly relies on temperature.
Some parts of this layer can extend to around 700km.
TRANSI TI ON
ZONE
The transition zone is the
area between the upper
mantle and the lower
mantle.
The depth of this layer
varies in between
440-600km.
Like the lower and the
upper mantle, the
transition zone is made up
of igneous rock.
THE L OWER
MANTL E
The lower mantle ranges in
between 600-2900km.
The lower mantle is known
to be hotter and denser
than the upper mantle.
The mantle is made out of
semisolid rock.
THE 2 CORES
OUTER CORE
Unlike the inner core, the outer core is a liquid layer about 2200km thick.
The outer core is not a solid because it has barely any amount of pressure.
Iron and nickel make up most of the outer core.
The temperatures range in between 4030degrees celsius to 5730degrees
celsius.
Foucault currents fluids inside the outer core are believed to influence the
Earths's magnet field.
The outer core's magnet field is believed to be 50 times stronger compared
to the magnet field on the Earth's surface.
Scientists thick their could be sulfur and oxygen down their.
I NNER CORE
The inner core was found in 1936 by
Inge Lehmann who was a
seismologist.
The inner core is a huge ball with a
radius of 1220km and a temperature
of 5430degrees celsius which is the
approximately the same temperature
as the sun's surface.
Iron and nickel make up the huge ball.
The pressure in the inner core range
from 330 to 360 gigapascals.
The inner core is believed to contain
enough gold and platinum to cover
the entire Earth's surface with a depth
of 1.5 feet.