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8/6/2014 ICGI 2012

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doi: 10.3850/978-981-07-3560-9_03-0316
Modelling the Effects of Ground and Ballast Stabilisation and
Reinforcement Technologies on the Dynamic Performance of
High Speed Ballasted Railways
Peter Woodward
a
, Abdellah Kacimi, Omar Laghrouche and Gabriela Medero
Institute for Infrastructure & Environment, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK.
a
P.K.Woodward@hw.ac.uk
ABSTRACT
There are many geotechnical issues surrounding the performance of high-speed trains on
ballasted railway tracks. These issues include critical velocity effects, track vibration and
settlement and the performance of critical areas/assets like switch and crossings and
transitions. At critical velocity sites large track vibrations can occur as trains approach
critical frequencies and ground wave speeds. Critical velocity effects have often occurred
at soft soil sites which have wave speeds typically around 60 m/s and there are many
examples across the world where train speeds around this value have created operational
problems. In this paper the critical velocity phenomenon is explored using the results of
advanced 3-dimensional finite element analyses using the DART3D analysis software. The
development of excessive ground vibration due to shock wave formation is clearly observed
when train speeds approach the critical ground wave velocity. Mitigation strategies for
critical velocity are discussed including the effects of ground improvement techniques. The
modelling of track transitions at high speed is also discussed, including the use of
polyurethane polymers (in-situ geosynthetic reinforcement). The formed GeoComposite has
a high degree of resiliency and strength. The paper shows how the polymer can be used to
solve typical transition issues like voiding at the transition interface and shows how 3-
dimensional modelling can give a unique insight into the track performance.
Keywords: Railways, High-speed, Polymers, GeoComposites.
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8/6/2014 ICGI 2012
http://rpsonline.com.sg/proceedings/9789810735777/html/03-0316.xml 2/2
2013 Research Publ i shi ng Servi ces

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