Discussion

Levelling is operation the comparison of heights of point on the surface of the earth.In
levelling,the things that we have to measure is the backsight and the foresight.We have start the
levelling from the Bukit Ayer until reached the mosque.It is about 4.817 km.Then we continue
from moaque until Bukit Ayer back.So the total distance is double.In levelling there are two
methods of calculating level.The first one is collimation method and the second one is Rise-and-
Fall method.Our group have choose Rise-and-Fall method to calculate the level.We have
measure the backsight and the foresight . Then ,we have to take backsight minus foresight.If the
answer is positive,it known as rise but if the answer is negative ,it known as fall.We have to
calculate all the backsight and foresight. Based on the result that we have calculated for the
levelling,finally we get the level which is 999.874.It is only 0.126 to 1000 km.It is because due
to the error that may occurred during carry this experiment.The error may occurred when taking
the measurement due to parallax error.To prevent this error,we have to take the repeated readings
and fine the average.Then,when holding the stuff,the bubble of the stuff may not be in the middle
of the circle.This make the stuff do not vertically straight.To prevent this error,we have to make
sure that the bubble is in the middle of the circle.Besides that,the autolevel also have the bubble
to show the stability and accuracy.We have to make sure that,the bubble at the autolevel also is
in the middle of the circle.This is because,along the road,the surface of the road is not
plane.There is up and down in road.Furthermore,using the Rise-and-Fall method,it is laborious
and several calculations.This system is suitable for fly leveling where they are no intermediate
sights.In Malaysia the common practice is the rise and fall system due to its simplicity and
standardization.