Biochemistrymacromolecules

Macromolecule

Monomer(buildingblock)

monosaccharide(simplesugar) polysaccharide(complex
carbohydrate)
lipid(fat)
protein

glycerol,fattyacid

nucleicacid

aminoacid

nucleotide

Carbohydrates/Sugars=saccharides=suffixose
MadeofC,H,andOatoms
ratioof1:2:1ofC,H,andO
glucoseC6H12O6
simplerapidlydigested,quickenergy,fewnutrients,nofiber
Monosaccharidesonesugar,examples:fructose,galactoseand
glucose.
Disaccharidestwochemicallylinkedmonosaccharides.
Exampleslactose,maltoseandsucrose.
Examples:
Greenvegetables
Wholegrainsandfoodsmadefromthem:oatmeal,pasta,
wholegrainbreads
Starchyvegetables:potatoes,sweetpotatoes,corn,pumpkin
Beans,lentils,peas

Fatslipids
Triglycerides=glycerolwith3fattyacids
Saturatedsinglebondstohydrogen
Solidatroomtemperature
examplesmargarine,butter,coconutoil
Unsaturatedsomedoublebondsbetweencarbonatoms
moreliquid
lesslikelytocausestrokes
likelytogobadfaster
moreHDL(goodcholesterol)
examplesoliveoil,avocado,walnuts,flax
Proteins
Someimportantfunctionsofproteins:
enzymes(chemical
reactions)
hormones
storage(eggwhitesof
birds,reptilesseeds)
transport(hemoglobin)
contractile(muscle)
protective(antibodies)
membraneproteins
(receptors,membrane
transport,antigens)

structural
toxins(botulism,
diphtheria)
Nucleicacids
store&transfer
informationfor
buildingproteins
DNAstores
hereditary
material
RNA

Biochemistrymacromolecules

Macromolecule

Monomer(buildingblock)

Carbohydrates/Sugars=saccharides=suffixose
Madeof_____________________
ratioof_____________________
glucose_____________________
simple_______________________________________________________________
Monosaccharides_______________________________________________________________
Disaccharides_________________________________________________________________
Examples:
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Fatslipids
Triglycerides=__________________________________________
Saturated__________________________________________
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Unsaturated_______________________________________________________________
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Proteins
Someimportantfunctionsofproteins:
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