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This document discusses two types of polymer modified concrete: polymer impregnated concrete (PIC) and polymer cement concrete (PCC). PIC is produced by impregnating cured Portland cement concrete with liquid monomers like methyl methacrylate that are then polymerized within the concrete pores. PCC replaces part of the cement binder with polymers like latex, improving properties but at a higher cost. Both techniques increase strength, durability, and impermeability compared to normal concrete. Common applications include precast products, marine structures, and bridge/floor overlays.
This document discusses two types of polymer modified concrete: polymer impregnated concrete (PIC) and polymer cement concrete (PCC). PIC is produced by impregnating cured Portland cement concrete with liquid monomers like methyl methacrylate that are then polymerized within the concrete pores. PCC replaces part of the cement binder with polymers like latex, improving properties but at a higher cost. Both techniques increase strength, durability, and impermeability compared to normal concrete. Common applications include precast products, marine structures, and bridge/floor overlays.
This document discusses two types of polymer modified concrete: polymer impregnated concrete (PIC) and polymer cement concrete (PCC). PIC is produced by impregnating cured Portland cement concrete with liquid monomers like methyl methacrylate that are then polymerized within the concrete pores. PCC replaces part of the cement binder with polymers like latex, improving properties but at a higher cost. Both techniques increase strength, durability, and impermeability compared to normal concrete. Common applications include precast products, marine structures, and bridge/floor overlays.
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POLYMER MODIFIED CONCRETE a) Polymer Impregnated Concrete b) Polymer Portland Cement Concrete INTRODUCTION It can be divided to 2 types that is: a) Polymer impregnated concrete - produced by impregnation of precast hardened Portland cement concrete with a monomer that is subsequently converted to solid polymer. b) Polymer cement concrete - part of the cement binder of the concrete mix is replaced by polymer (often in latex form). Polymer Impregnated Concrete (PIC) Made by impregnation of precast hardened Portland cement concrete with low viscosity monomers (in either liquid or gaseous form) that are converted to solid polymer under the influence of physical agents (ultraviolet radiation or heat) or chemical agents (catalysts). Normal cured concrete has considerable capillary porosity in cement paste. If the water present in the capillaries could be removed and replaced by a solid material, this would greatly improve the strength and durability of the concrete, by eliminating much of this void space. This is the basis of polymer impregnated concrete.
The problem of incorporating a solid into the pore system is solved using a liquid monomer to impregnate the concrete and subsequently polymerizing the monomer to form the solid monomer in situ within the pores. Any types concrete regardless of the type of cement, admixtures or aggregates used can be successfully impregnated. More porous concrete will require more monomer and the strength of PIC is still dependent on the final porosity of the material. The Making of PIC The amount of monomer needed for complete impregnation depends on the porosity of the concrete which is determined by w/c ratio, the amount of curing, aggregates porosity & others. The desirable properties of a monomer include low velocity, relatively high boiling point, low toxicity, ease of polymerization, low cost, and availability. There are 3 suitable common monomers that is: a) Methyl methacrylate (MMA) b) Monomer of plexiglass c) Styrene Polyesters are too viscous to be successfully used alone, but when blended with styrene, their viscosities can be reduced sufficiently to be used for partial impregnation of concrete.
Impregnation depth is limited by the followings: i) the porosity of the concrete ii)the viscosity and volatility of the monomer and hardener iii)the set up time of the polymer iv)the pressure applied PIC strength is dependent on the type and amount of polymer used and the degree of polymerization achieved.
Production of PIC requires the following sequence of operations once the concrete has been cast and cured : a) Dry the concrete b) Impregnate the concrete with monomer c) Polymerize the monomer
Advantage of PIC Remarkable improvement in tensile, compressive and impact strength. Polymer impregnation strengthen the cement paste and improves paste-aggregate bond. Creep of PIC is very small than plain concrete No drying shrinkage Enhanced durability and reduced permeability to water and aqueous salt solutions such as sulphates and chlorides. Applications Concrete sewer pipes, precast segments for tunnel linings, underground support systems for mining operations, railroad ties and precast pilings for wharves and jetties. Applied for marine structures, wall panels, prefabricated, structural floors, storage tanks for seawater, desalination plants and distilled water plants, and high performance structure.
Disadvantages The PIC are expensive. The fabrication process of PIC is complicated. Polymer Cement Concrete Polymer Cement Concrete Made by modifying concrete or mortar with polymer additives (10 -15% by weight of the cement binder is replaced by polymer) Among the polymer additives that can be used: a) Latexes b) Powdered emulsions c) Water soluble polymers d) Liquid resins e) Monomers
Advantages Improve workability and reduce bleeding Moist curing period is shorter compared to normal concrete It has improved bond both to old concrete and to reinforcing steel. Able to resist the entry of water and aggressive solutions Has excellent freeze-thaw, abrasion and impact resistance
The process technology used is very similar to that of conventional concrete. In can be cast-in-place in field applications unlike PIC that need to be prepared as precast Modification of concrete with a polymer latex (colloidal dispersion of polymer particles in water) results in greatly improved properties, at a cost. PCC = Cement + Polymer + Aggregates + Water Compressive strength of this concrete is often higher than unmodified concrete under dry curing condition because the strength develop beyond 28 days. Drying shrinkage and creep of this concrete is lower than unmodified concrete. Increased durability compared to plain concrete. The Making of PCC Latex Modified Concrete is one of the most common type of PMC because latex is relatively simple to incorporate in mortar. Integration of latex improves the ductility, durability, adhesive properties, resistance to chloride-ion ingress, shear bond and tensile and flexural strength of concrete and mortar. The sand content used in this concrete are higher (about 45%) than those used in ordinary concretes (about 40%).
Application Also used extensively for patching, for floor leveling, as a tile adhesive and to obtain skid resistant surfaces. Due to good adhesive properties, it is used for laying bricks in prefabricated panels and in stone and ceramic tiles. Major applications also in floors (surfacing, topping) and road surfacing Latexes based on elastomers and epoxies are widely used for thin overlays on bridge decks and parking decks to protect reinforcing steel for this purpose. Before and After Overlay Polymer Cement Concrete Overlays Used For Bridge Deck Overlay Used For Patching