Work

9/20/2014
Work
Work
Due: 11:59pm on Sunday, August 31, 2014
To understand how points are awarded, read the Grading Policy for this assignment.
Item 1
A tow truck pulls a car 5.00 km along a horizontal roadway using a cable having a tension of 850 N.
Part A
How much work does the cable do on the car if it pulls horizontally?
ANSWER:
W
= 4.25106
Correct
Part B
How much work does the cable do on the car if it pulls at 35.0 above the horizontal?
ANSWER:
W
= 3.48106
Correct
Part C
How much work does the cable do on the tow truck if it pulls horizontally?
ANSWER:
W
= 4.25106
Correct
Part D
How much work does the cable do on the tow truck if it pulls at 35.0 above the horizontal?
ANSWER:
http://session.masteringphysics.com/myct/assignmentPrintView?displayMode=studentView&assignmentID=3056836
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W
Work
= 3.48106
Incorrect; correct answer displayed
Part E
How much work does gravity do on the car in part A?
ANSWER:
W
= 0
Correct
Item 2
Learning Goal:
To learn about the Work-Energy Theorem and its basic applications.
In this problem, you will learn about the relationship between the work done on an object and the kinetic energy of that
object.
The kinetic energy K of an object of mass m moving at a speed v is defined as K = (1/2)mv 2 . It seems reasonable
to say that the speed of an object--and, therefore, its kinetic energy--can be changed by performing work on the object.
In this problem, we will explore the mathematical relationship between the work done on an object and the change in the
kinetic energy of that object.
First, let us consider a sled of mass m being pulled by a constant, horizontal force of magnitude F along a rough,
horizontal surface. The sled is speeding up.
Part A
How many forces are acting on the sled?
ANSWER:
one
two
three
four
Correct
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Part B
The work done on the sled by the force of gravity is __________.
ANSWER:
zero
negative
positive
Correct
Part C
The work done on the sled by the normal force is __________.
ANSWER:
zero
negative
positive
Correct
Part D
The work done on the sled by the pulling force is __________.
ANSWER:
zero
negative
positive
Correct
Part E
The work done on the sled by the force of friction is __________.
ANSWER:
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Work
zero
negative
positive
Correct
Part F
The net work done on the sled is __________.
Hint 1. Which force is bigger?

In the situaiton described, which statement is true?
ANSWER:
The magnitude of the pulling force is greater than that of the force of friction.
The magnitude of the pulling force is less than that of the force of friction.
The magnitude of the pulling force is the same as that of the force of friction.
ANSWER:
zero
negative
positive
Part G
In the situation described, the kinetic energy of the sled __________.
ANSWER:
remains constant
decreases
increases
Correct
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Let us now consider the situation quantitatively. Let the mass of the sled be m and the magnitude of the net force acting
on the sled be Fnet . The sled starts from rest.
Consider an interval of time during which the sled covers a distance s and the speed of the sled increases from v 1 to
v 2 . We will use this information to find the relationship between the work done by the net force (otherwise known as the
net work) and the change in the kinetic energy of the sled.
Part H
Find the net force Fnet acting on the sled.
Express your answer in terms of some or all of the variables m , s , v 1 , and v 2 .
Hint 1. How to approach the problem

According to Newton's 2nd law,
.
F net = ma
Therefore, you need to simply find the acceleration of the sled. Once you've found that, multiply it by m to
get the force. You can use kinematics to find the acceleration.
Hint 2. Find the acceleration

Find the acceleration a of the sled.
Express your answer in terms of some or all of the variables s , v 1 , and v 2 .
Hint 1. Some useful kinematics

The definition of acceleration is
a=
v 2 v 1
t
If the acceleration is a constant, the average velocity can be found as

vavg =
v 1 +v 2
2
Finally, the distance can be expressed as

.
s = v avg t
Combining these equations and eliminating t and v avg gives the desired answer.
ANSWER:
2
(v ) (v )
2
1
2s
ANSWER:
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F net
1
2
mv 2
1
2
mv 1
Correct
Part I
Find the net work Wnet done on the sled.
Express your answer in terms of some or all of the variables Fnet and s .
Hint 1. Work, force, and displacement

In general, the work done by a constant force F can be found as
,
W = F s cos()
where is the angle between vectors F and s . However, when the net force and displacement have the
same direction (as is the case here), cos() = 1.
ANSWER:
Wnet
F net s
Correct
Part J
Combine your results from Part H & Part I to find the net work Wnet done on the sled.
Express your answer in terms of some or all of the variables m , v 1 , and v 2 .
ANSWER:
Wnet
1
2
mv2
1
2
mv1
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Correct
Your answer can also be rewritten as
W net =
1
2
mv
mv
or
Wnet = K 2 K 1
where K 1 and K 2 are, respectively, the initial and the final kinetic energies of the sled. Finally, one can write
Wnet = K
This formula is known as the Work-Energy Theorem. The calculations done in this problem illustrate the
applicability of this theorem in a particlar case; however, they should not be interpreted as a proof of this
theorem.
Nevertheless, it can be shown that the Work-Energy Theorem is applicable in all situations, including those
involving nonconstant forces or forces acting at an angle to the displacement of the object. This theorem is
quite useful in solving problems, as illustrated by the following example.
Here is a simple application of the Work-Energy Theorem.
Part K
A car of mass m accelerates from speed v 1 to speed v 2 while going up a slope that makes an angle with the
horizontal. The coefficient of static friction is s , and the acceleration due to gravity is g . Find the total work W
done on the car by the external forces.
Express your answer in terms of the given quantities. You may or may not use all of them.

You are asked to find, in effect, the net work done on an object. Use the Work-Energy Theorem.
ANSWER:
W
1
2
m(v2
v1
Correct
Item 3
Part A
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If the net work done on an object is positive, what can you conclude about the object's motion?
ANSWER:
The object is moving with a constant velocity.
The object is slowing down.
The object is speeding up.
The object is at rest; its position is constant.
Correct
Item 4
Two tugboats pull a disabled supertanker. Each tug exerts a constant force of 1.40106N , one at an angle 10.0 west
of north, and the other at an angle 10.0 east of north, as they pull the tanker a distance 0.640km toward the north.
Part A
What is the total work done by the two tugboats on the supertanker?
Express your answer in joules, to three significant figures.

There are two ways to calculate the total work done on an object when several forces act on it. You can
compute the quantities of work done on the object by each force and then add them together. Alternatively,
you can compute the work done on the object by the net force acting on it. The hints that follow are meant to
help you to calculate the total work using the first method.
Hint 2. Find the work done by one tugboat

What is the work done on the tanker by the tugboat that exerts a force in the direction west of north?
Express your answer in joules, to three significant figures.
Hint 1. The definition of work

The work W done by a constant force F acting on an object that undergoes a straight-line
displacement d is given by the formula
,
W = F d cos
where is the angle between the direction of the force and the direction of displacement.
ANSWER:
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8.82108
ANSWER:
1.76109
Correct
Item 5
A 4.10-kg watermelon is dropped from rest from the roof of a 25.0-m -tall building and feels no appreciable air
resistance.
Part A
Calculate the work done by gravity on the watermelon during its displacement from the roof to the ground.
ANSWER:
W
= 1000
Correct
Part B
Just before it strikes the ground, what is the watermelon's kinetic energy?
ANSWER:
K
= 1000
Correct
Part C
Just before it strikes the ground, what is the watermelon's speed?
ANSWER:
v
= 22.1
m/s
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Correct
Part D
Would the answer in part A be different if there were appreciable air resistance?
ANSWER:
Yes
No
Correct
Part E
Would the answer in part B be different if there were appreciable air resistance?
ANSWER:
Yes
No
Correct
Part F
Would the answer in part C be different if there were appreciable air resistance?
ANSWER:
Yes
No
Correct
Item 6
You push your physics book 1.30m along a horizontal tabletop with a horizontal push of 2.00N while the opposing force
of friction is 0.600N .
Part A
N
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Work
How much work does your 2.00N push do on the book?

ANSWER:
= 2.60
Wstudent
Correct
Part B
How much work does the friction force do on the book?
ANSWER:
Wf riction
= -0.780
Correct
Part C
How much work does the normal force from the table do on the book?
ANSWER:
WN
= 0
Correct
Part D
How much work does gravity do on the book?
ANSWER:
Wgrav
= 0
Correct
Part E
What is the net work done on the book?
ANSWER:
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Wnet
Work
= 1.82
Correct
Item 7
Learning Goal:
To explore the definition of work and learn how to find the work done by a force on an object.
The word "work" has many meanings when used in everyday life. However, in physics work has a very specific
definition. This definition is important to learn and understand. Work and energy are two of the most fundamental and
important concepts you will learn in your study of physics. Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only be
transformed from one form to another. How this energy is transferred affects our daily lives from microscopic processes,
such as protein synthesis, to macroscopic processes, such as the expansion of the universe!
When energy is transferred either to or away from an object by a force F acting over a displacement d , work W is done
on that object. The amount of work done by a constant force can be found using the equation
,
W = F d cos
where F is the magnitude of F , d is the magnitude of d , and is the angle between F and d .
The SI unit for work is the joule, J. A single joule of work is not very big. Your heart uses about 0.5 J each time it beats,
and the 60-watt lightbulb in your desk lamp uses 216, 000 J each hour. A joule is defined as follows:
1J = 1Nm = 1
kg m
s
The net work done on an object is the sum of the work done by each individual force acting on that object. In other
words,
Wnet = W1 + W2 + W3 + =
Wi
The net work can also be expressed as the work done by the net force acting on an object, which can be represented by
the following equation:
.
Wnet = F net d cos
Knowing the sign of the work done on an object is a crucial element to understanding work. Positive work indicates that
an object has been acted on by a force that tranfers energy to the object, thereby increasing the object's energy.
Negative work indicates that an object has been acted on by a force that has reduced the energy of the object.
The next few questions will ask you to determine the sign of the work done by the various forces acting on a box that is
being pushed across a rough floor. As illustrated in the figure , the box is being acted on by a normal force n , the force
due to gravity w , the force of kinetic friction f k , and the pushing force F p . The displacement of the box is d .
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Part A
Which of the following statements accurately describes the sign of the work done on the box by the force of the
push?
Hint 1. Find the angle

The work done on the box by the pushing force depends on the angle between F p and the displacement
d
. What is this angle?
ANSWER:
0 degrees
45 degrees
90 degrees
180 degrees
ANSWER:
positive
negative
zero
Correct
Part B
Which of the following statements accurately decribes the sign of the work done on the box by the normal force?
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Hint 1. Finding theta

The work done on the box by the normal force depends on the angle between n and the displacement d .
What is this angle?
ANSWER:
0 degrees
45 degrees
90 degrees
180 degrees
ANSWER:
positive
negative
zero
Correct
Part C
Which of the following statements accurately decribes the sign of the work done on the box by the force of kinetic
friction?
Hint 1. Finding theta

The work done on the box by the force of kinetic friction depends on the angle between f
and the
displacement d . What is this angle?

ANSWER:
0 degrees
45 degrees
90 degrees
180 degrees
ANSWER:
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positive
negative
zero
Correct
Part D
Which of the following statements accurately decribes the sign of the work done on the box by the force of gravity?
Hint 1. Finding the angle

The work done on the box by the weight depends on the angle between w and the displacement d . What
is this angle?
ANSWER:
0 degrees
45 degrees
90 degrees
180 degrees
ANSWER:
positive
negative
zero
Correct
Making generalizations
You may have noticed that the force due to gravity and normal forces do no work on the box. Any force that is
perpendicular to the displacement of the object on which it acts does no work on the object.
The force of kinetic friction did negative work on the box. In other words, it took energy away from the box. Typically, this
energy gets transformed into heat, like the heat that radiates from your skin when you get a rug burn due to the friction
between your skin and the carpet. A force that acts on an object in a direction opposite to the direction of the object's
displacement does negative work on the object.
The pushing force acts on the box in the same direction as the object's displacement and does positive work on the box.
These generalizations allow physicists to rewrite the equation for work as
W = F d
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W = F d
where F|| is the component of F that is either parallel or antiparallel to the displacement. If F|| is parallel to d , as in the
case of F p , then the work done is positive. If F|| is antiparallel to d , as in the case of f k , then the work done is
negative.
Part E
You have just moved into a new apartment and are trying to arrange your bedroom. You would like to move your
dresser of weight 3,500 N across the carpet to a spot 5 m away on the opposite wall. Hoping to just slide your
dresser easily across the floor, you do not empty your clothes out of the drawers before trying to move it. You push
with all your might but cannot move the dresser before becoming completely exhausted. How much work do you do
on the dresser?
ANSWER:
W
W
>
=
1.75 10
1.75 10
1.75 10
W
>
J
J
>
0 J
0 J
Correct
Remember that to a physicist work means something very specific, and since you were unable to move the
dresser, d = 0 and therefore W = 0. However, you got tired and sweaty trying to move the dresser, just as
you do when you go to "work out" at the gym.Your muscles are not static strips of fibrous tissue. They
continually contract and expand a slight amount when you exert them. Chemical energy from food is being
transformed into the energy needed to move your muscles. Work is being done inside your muscles, but work
is not being done on the dresser.
Part F
A box of mass m is sliding down a frictionless plane that is inclined at an angle above the horizontal, as shown in
the figure . What is the work done on the box by the force
due to gravity w , if the box moves a distance d?
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Hint 1. Finding Theta.

The work done on the box by the force of gravity depends on the angle between the weight and the
displacement; this is the angle that goes into the equation
.
W = F d cos
ANSWER:
W = wd cos
W = wd cos(90 )
W = 0
None of these
Correct
The angle given to you in a problem is not always the same angle that you use in the equation for work!
Part G
The planet Earth travels in a circular orbit at constant speed around the Sun. What is the net work done on the
Earth by the gravitational attraction between it and the Sun in one complete orbit? Assume that the mass of the
Earth is given by M e , the mass of the Sun is given by M s , and the Earth-Sun distance is given by res .
Hint 1. Newton's law of universal gravitation

The magnitude of the force of attraction between two objects of masses M 1 and M 2 that are separated by
a distance r is given by:
F = G
M1 M2
r
Hint 2. Circumference of a circle

The circumference of a circle with radius r is
C = 2r
Hint 3. Finding the angle

The work done on the Earth by the gravitational attraction between it and the Sun depends on the angle
between the gravitational force and the displacement of the Earth; this is the angle that goes into
.
W = F d cos
The force of attraction always points from the Earth toward the Sun along the radius of the Earth's orbit. At
any instant in time the displacement of the Earth is considered to be tangent to its orbit; perpendicular to the
radius.
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ANSWER:
W = 2G
Me Ms
res
W = GM e M s
W = 0
None of these.

An object undergoing uniform circular motion experiences a net force that is directed in toward the center of the
circle; this net force is called the centripetal force. This force is always perpendicular to the distance the object
moves and therefore never does any work on the object.
Part H
A block of mass m is pushed up against a spring with spring constant k until the spring has been compressed a
distance x from equilibrium. What is the work done on the block by the spring?
Hint 1. Hooke's Law

The force exerted by a spring with spring constant k is given by
F = kx
where x is the spring's displacement from equilibrium position xeq .
ANSWER:
W = kx
W = kx
W = 0
None of these.
Correct
The equation for work presented in this problem requires that the force be constant. Because the force exerted
on an object varies with the spring's displacement from equilibrium (F = kx) you cannot use W
to find the work done by a spring. In actuality the work done by a spring is given by the equation
W spring =
1
2
kx
= F d cos
Congratulations! Now that you have the basics down and have been exposed to some tricky situations
involving the equation for work, you are ready to apply this knowledge to new situations.
Item 8
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A 1.30kg box and a 4.00kg box on a perfectly smooth horizontal floor have a spring of force constant 250N/m
compressed between them. The initial compression of the spring is 8.00cm .
Part A
Find the acceleration of 1.30kg box the instant after they are released.
ANSWER:
a
= 15.4
m/s
Correct
Part B
Find the acceleration of 4.00kg box the instant after they are released.
ANSWER:
a
= 5.00
m/s
Correct
Item 9
Part A
A person applies a 50 N force on a crate, causing it to move horizontally at a constant speed through a distance of
10 m. What is the net work done on the crate?
ANSWER:
The net work done on the crate is 250 J.
The net work done on the crate is 0.2 J.
The net work done on the crate is zero joules.
Correct
Item 10
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The dominant form of drag experienced by vehicles (bikes, cars, planes, etc.) at operating speeds is called form drag. It
increases quadratically with velocity (essentially because the amount of air you run into increases with v and so does
the amount of force you must exert on each small volume of air). Thus
F drag = C d Av
where A is the cross-sectional area of the vehicle and C d is called the coefficient of drag.
Part A
Consider a vehicle moving with constant velocity v . Find the power dissipated by form drag.
Express your answer in terms of C d , A, and speed v .

Because the velocity of the car is constant, the drag force is also constant. Therefore, you can use the result
that the power P provided by a constant force F to an object moving with constant velocity v is P
Be careful to consider the relative direction of the drag force and the velocity.
= F v
ANSWER:
P
C d Av
Part B
A certain car has an engine that provides a maximum power P0 . Suppose that the maximum speed of the car, v 0 ,
is limited by a drag force proportional to the square of the speed (as in the previous part). The car engine is now
modified, so that the new power P1 is 10 percent greater than the original power (P1 = 110%P0 ).
Assume the following:
The top speed is limited by air drag.
The magnitude of the force of air drag at these speeds is proportional to the square of the speed.
By what percentage, (v 1 v 0 )/v 0 , is the top speed of the car increased?
Express the percent increase in top speed numerically to two significant figures.
Hint 1. Find the relationship between speed and power

If the magnitude of the air-drag force is proportional to the square of the car's speed, how is the power
delivered, P , related to the speed v ?
ANSWER:
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P v
P v
P v
P v
2
3
4
Hint 2. How is the algebra done?

The relationship between the new power and the old power is P1
new top speed and the old top speed can be written as v 1
= 1.1 P 0
= (1 + ) v 0
. The relationship between the
, where is the percent change in
top speed. Finally, power P is related to maximum speed v by the formula P
What is in terms of n ?
Hint 1. Help with some math

Starting with the relationship
P1 v
n
1
substitute in the expressions for P1 and v 1 in terms of P0 and v 0 :

n
1.1 P 0 (1 + )
n
0
Then, divide this last expression by the relationship

P0 v
n
0
This is a general approach to scaling problems. The advantage is that the unknown constant of
proportionality (in this case C d A ) divides out.
ANSWER:
1.1
=
1.1
1.1
1.1
n
n
1/n
1/n
ANSWER:
(v 1 v 0 )/v 0
= 3.2 %
Correct
You'll note that your answer is very close to one-third of the percentage by which the power was increased.
This dependence of small changes on each other, when the quantities are related by proportionalities of
exponents, is common in physics and often makes a useful shortcut for estimations.
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Item 11
Part A
If the net work done on an object is zero, what can you determine about the object's kinetic energy?
ANSWER:
The object's kinetic energy is zero.
The object's kinetic energy is decreasing.
The object's kinetic energy is increasing.
The object's kinetic energy remains the same.
Correct
Item 12
Two blocks of ice, one four times as heavy as the other, are at rest on a frozen lake. A person pushes each block the
same distance d. Ignore friction and assume that an equal force F is exerted on each block.
Part A
Which of the following statements is true about the kinetic energy of the heavier block after the push?

The work-energy theorem states that the change in kinetic energy of an object equals the net work done on
that object:
Wtotal = K.
The work done on an object can also be related to the distance d that the object moves while being acted on
by a force F :
,
W = F d
where F|| is the component of F parallel to the direction of displacement.
Hint 2. Find the work done on each block

What can be said about the net work done on the heavier block?
ANSWER:
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It is greater than the work done on the lighter block.

It is equal to the work done on the lighter block.
It is less than the work done on the lighter block.
ANSWER:
It is smaller than the kinetic energy of the lighter block.
It is equal to the kinetic energy of the lighter block.
It is larger than the kinetic energy of the lighter block.
It cannot be determined without knowing the force and the mass of each block.
Correct
that object. The only force doing work on the blocks is the force from the person, which is the same in both
cases. Since the initial kinetic energy of each block is zero, both blocks have the same final kinetic energy.
Part B
Compared to the speed of the heavier block, what is the speed of the light block after both blocks move the same
distance d?

In Part A, you determined that the kinetic energy of the heavier block was the same as that of the lighter
block. Relate this to the speed of the blocks.
Hint 2. Proportional reasoning

Proportional reasoning becomes easier with practice. First relate the kinetic energies of the blocks to each
other. To accomplish this, let the subscript h refer to the heavier block and the subscript to the lighter
block. Now
Kh = K
can be written as
1
2
m h (vh )
1
2
m (v )
The problem states that the heavier block is four time as massive as the lighter block. This can be
represented by the expression
m h = 4m
Substituting this expression into the expression for kinetic energy yields
1
2
2
(4m )(vh )
1
2
m (v )
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How many times larger than v h is v ?

2
ANSWER:
v
= 4
2
h
ANSWER:
one quarter as fast
half as fast
the same speed
twice as fast
four times as fast
Correct
Since the kinetic energy of the lighter block is equal to the kinetic energy of the heavier block, the lighter block
must be moving faster than the heavier block.
Part C
Now assume that both blocks have the same speed after being pushed with the same force F . What can be said
about the distances the two blocks are pushed?

that object:
Wtotal = K.
The work done on an object can also be related to the distance d that the object moves while being acted on
by a force F :
,
W = F d
where F|| is the component of F parallel to the direction of displacement.
Hint 2. Relate the kinetic energies of the blocks

Let the subscript h refer to the heavier block and the subscript to the lighter block. What is the ratio
Kh
K
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Hint 1. The kinetic energies

To relate the kinetic energies of the blocks to each other, recall that
vh = v
and
m h = 4m
ANSWER:
Kh
K
= 4
Hint 3. Compare the amount of work done on each block

In the previous hint, you found that K h
= 4K
. What is the ratio of the work done on the heavy block to the
work done on the lighter block,

Wh
W
ANSWER:
Wh
W
ANSWER:
The heavy block must be pushed 16 times farther than the light block.
The heavy block must be pushed the same distance as the light block.
The heavy block must be pushed half as far as the light block.
Correct
Because the heavier block has four times the mass of the lighter block, when the two blocks travel with the
same speed, the heavier block will have four times as much kinetic energy. The work-energy theorem implies
that four times more work must be done on the heavier block than on the lighter block. Since the same force is
applied to both blocks, the heavier block must be pushed through four times the distance as the lighter block.
Item 13
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Part A
How many joules of energy does a 100-watt light bulb use per hour?
Express your answer using two significant figures.
ANSWER:
W
= 3.6105
Part B
How fast would a 73kg person have to run to have that amount of energy?
Express your answer using two significant figures.
ANSWER:
v
= 99
m/s
Correct
Item 14
A 80.0-kg painter climbs a ladder that is 2.78m long leaning against a vertical wall. The ladder makes an 33.0 angle
with the wall.
Part A
How much work does gravity do on the painter?
ANSWER:
W
= -1830
Correct
Part B
Does the answer to part A depend on whether the painter climbs at constant speed or accelerates up the ladder?
ANSWER:
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Yes
No
Correct
Score Summary:
Your score on this assignment is 96.1%.
You received 19.22 out of a possible total of 20 points.
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Hint 1. Which force is bigger?

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Hint 1. How to approach the problem

Hint 2. Find the acceleration

Hint 1. Some useful kinematics

If the acceleration is a constant, the average velocity can be found as

Finally, the distance can be expressed as

Hint 1. Work, force, and displacement

Here is a simple application of the Work-Energy Theorem.

Hint 1. How to approach the problem

Hint 1. How to approach the problem

Hint 2. Find the work done by one tugboat

Hint 1. The definition of work

How much work does your 2.00N push do on the book?

Wnet = F net d cos

Hint 1. Find the angle

. What is this angle?

Hint 1. Finding theta

Hint 1. Finding theta

displacement d . What is this angle?

Hint 1. Finding the angle

Hint 1. Finding Theta.

Hint 1. Newton's law of universal gravitation

Hint 2. Circumference of a circle

Hint 3. Finding the angle

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Hint 1. Hooke's Law

where x is the spring's displacement from equilibrium position xeq .

Hint 1. How to approach the problem

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Hint 1. Find the relationship between speed and power

Hint 2. How is the algebra done?

. The relationship between the

, where is the percent change in

top speed. Finally, power P is related to maximum speed v by the formula P

Hint 1. Help with some math

substitute in the expressions for P1 and v 1 in terms of P0 and v 0 :

Then, divide this last expression by the relationship

Hint 1. How to approach the problem

where F|| is the component of F parallel to the direction of displacement.

Hint 2. Find the work done on each block

It is greater than the work done on the lighter block.

Hint 1. How to approach the problem

Hint 2. Proportional reasoning

How many times larger than v h is v ?

Hint 1. How to approach the problem

where F|| is the component of F parallel to the direction of displacement.

Hint 2. Relate the kinetic energies of the blocks

Hint 1. The kinetic energies

Hint 3. Compare the amount of work done on each block

work done on the lighter block,

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