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The document discusses different types of validity for assessment tools, including content validity, construct validity, criterion-related validity, and ways to reduce validity. It defines content validity as ensuring test items truly represent the domain being measured. Construct validity refers to measuring theoretical variables over time with evidence. Criterion-related validity compares a measure to a valid process. The document also lists factors like the test design and administration, and individual characteristics, as influencing a test's validity.
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Development, Validity and Reliability of Assessment Tools
The document discusses different types of validity for assessment tools, including content validity, construct validity, criterion-related validity, and ways to reduce validity. It defines content validity as ensuring test items truly represent the domain being measured. Construct validity refers to measuring theoretical variables over time with evidence. Criterion-related validity compares a measure to a valid process. The document also lists factors like the test design and administration, and individual characteristics, as influencing a test's validity.
The document discusses different types of validity for assessment tools, including content validity, construct validity, criterion-related validity, and ways to reduce validity. It defines content validity as ensuring test items truly represent the domain being measured. Construct validity refers to measuring theoretical variables over time with evidence. Criterion-related validity compares a measure to a valid process. The document also lists factors like the test design and administration, and individual characteristics, as influencing a test's validity.
COLLEGE OF EDUCATION Fatima, General Santos City Module 3: Development, Validity and Reliability of Assessment Tools Lesson 10: Validity of Tests or Instruments
Presented to: Dr. Ava Clare Marie O. Robles
Class Schedule: TFR /1:00 - 2:30 Presented by: Errolha Lynn T. Seballos Dhecyrie Jean S. Deirio Cynthia C. Demolar Juliemer B. Absalon OBJECTIVES To discuss the different types of validity To enumerate the ways to reduce the validity of the test items To determine the factors affecting the validity of a test items Important things to remember about Validity Validity refers to the decisions we make, and not to the test itself or to the measurement.
Like reliability, validity is not an all or nothing concept; it is never totally absent or absolutely perfect. 1 2 Concepcion, Benjamin.et.al. (2012). LET Reviewer. MET Review Center, Manila. Important things to remember about Validity A validity estimate, called a validity coefficient, refers to specific type of validity. It ranges between 0 to 1.
Validity can never be finally determined; it is specific to each administration of the test. 3 4 Concepcion, Benjamin.et.al. (2012). LET Reviewer. MET Review Center, Manila. TYPES OF VALIDITY Content Validity Construct Validity Convergent Validity Divergent Validity Criterion-related Validity Concurrent Validity Predictive Validity Content Validity The content or topic is truly the representative of the course. It involves the systematic administration of the test content to determine if it covers the representative sample of the behavior domain to be measured. 1 Calmorin, Laurentina (2011). Assessment of Student Learning 1. Rex Book Store Publishing, Manila Sample Test Items Direction: Encircle the correct answer in the parenthesis Retain 3 Revise 2 Delete 1 1. She (hears, hear) mass everyday. 2. Her daily allowance of 50php (is, are) not enough. 3. Mother (buy, buys) apples. 4. Cynthia (give, gives) alms to the beggar. 5. Joyce (put, puts) flowers in the vase. For instance, the teacher wishes to validate a test in English. Calmorin, Laurentina (2011). Assessment of Student Learning 1. Rex Book Store Publishing, Manila Construct Validity A type of validation that refers to the measure of the extent to which a test measure theoretical and unobservable variable qualities, such as intelligence, math achievement, performance anxiety and the like, over a period of time on the basis on gathering evidence. 2 (Gabuyo) a.Convergent Validity- is a type of construct validation wherein a test has a high correlation with another that measures the same construct.
b.Divergent Validity- is a type of construct validation which a test has a low correlation with a test hat measures a different construct. In this case, a high validity occurs only when there is a low correlation coefficient between the test ta measures different test. (Gabuyo) Criterion-related Validity Also referred to as Instrumental Validity. This type of validity is used to demonstrate the accuracy of measure or procedure by comparing it with another process or method which has been demonstrated to be valid. 3 http://www.slideshare.net/Samcruz5/validity-reliability-practicality a.Concurrent Validity degree to which the test agrees or correlates with a criterion set up as an acceptable measure; the criterion is always available at the time of testing.
b.Predictive Validity determines by showing how well predictions made from the test are proven by proof collected at some succeeding time. (Calmorin, Laurentina (2011). Assessment of Student Learning 1. Rex Book Store Publishing, Manila.) Ways to Reduce the Validity of the Test Item Poorly constructed test items Unclear directions Ambiguous items Reading vocabulary too difficult Complicated syntax 1 2 3 4 5 Concepcion, Benjamin.et.al. (2012). LET Reviewer. MET Review Center, Manila. Ways to Reduce the Validity of the Test Item Inadequate time limit Inappropriate level of difficulty Unintended clues Improper arrangement of items 6 7 8 9 Concepcion, Benjamin.et.al. (2012). LET Reviewer. MET Review Center, Manila. Factors affecting the validity of a test item The test itself
The administration and scoring of a test 1 2 Calmorin, Laurentina (2011). Assessment of Student Learning 1. Rex Book Store Publishing, Manila. Personal factors influencing how students response to the test.
Validity is always specific to a particular group. Factors affecting the validity of a test item 3 4 Calmorin, Laurentina (2011). Assessment of Student Learning 1. Rex Book Store Publishing, Manila. Summary Content Validity Construct Validity Convergent Validity Divergent Validity Criterion-related Validity Concurrent Validity Predictive Validity Thank You!