Types of Volcanoes Guided Notes page 480

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What is the relationship between craters, calderas, vents, and
magma? Craters, calderas, vents, and magma all are formed due
to a volcano
How does a crater lake form? (words and pictures)A crater lake is
formed when the summit or side of a volcano collapses into the
magma chamber that once fueled the volcano
What two factors does a volcanos appearance depend upon? The
type of material that forms the volcano, and the type of eruptions
that occur.
What characteristics vary among volcanoes? Each volcano differs
in size, shape, and composition.
Complete the following table in your notes:
Type of
Volcano
Materials &
Description
Sketch Example
Shield
A mountain with
broad, gently
sloping sides and
a nearly circular
base. Shield
volcanoes form
when layer upon
layer of basaltic
lave accumulates
during non
explosive
eruptions.


Mauna
Loa
which is
on a
Hawaii
Island
Cinder-Cone
Form when
material is
ejected high into
the air falls back
to Earth and
piles up around
the vent. These
volcanoes have
steep sides and
are mostly less

Izalco
volcano
in El
Savador
Types of Volcanoes Guided Notes page 480
Do not write on this copy. Transfer the questions into your notebook in Cornell style and use your book to find the answers.

than 500m high.
They contain
magma that has
more water and
silica which
makes cinder-
cone volcanoes
more explosive
in nature.

Composite
(Stratovolcano)
Composite
volcanoes form
when layers of
volcanic
fragments
alternate with
lava. Composite
volcano magma
has the same
composition as
Cinder-cone
magma.
Composite
volcanoes are
large and are
potentially
dangerous to
humans and the
environment.

Mount
St.
Helens

How do the volcanoes compare in terms of size and slope? Shield
volcanoes are the largest, and then composite, and then cinder-
cone volcanoes.
What factors cause differences in size and slope? Some factors
that cause differences in size and slope are materials that make
up volcano, vegetation on volcanoes slope, local climate, and
eruptive history of the volcano.
What is tephra? Tephra is rock fragments that are thrown into the
air during a volcanic eruption.
Types of Volcanoes Guided Notes page 480
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What is a pyroclastic flow? Pyroclastic flow is rapidly moving
volcanic material.
Where are most volcanoes found? Most volcanoes form at plate
boundaries. Most volcanoes are found on two distinct volcanic
belts, the Circum-Pacific belt and the Mediterranean belt.
Use the maps provided to show: (1) the Circum Pacific Belt and the
Mediterranean Belt where convergent volcanism occur and (2) the
Hawaiian Emperor Volcanic Chain.
How do hotspots form? Hot spots are unusually hot regions of
Earths mantle where high temperature plumes of mantle
material rise toward the surface.
What do hotspots tell us about tectonic plates? Hotspots tell us
important provide important information about plate
tectonics. The rate and direction of motion can be calculated
from the positions of these volcanoes.