LEGEND:

RISK FATORS
PREDISPOSING
FACTORS
CAUSES
Overloading
the bone
Open/Compound
fracture
Closed/Simple
fracture
Complete & Incomplete
Transverse & Comminuted
Spiral & Oblique
Impacted
BOOK BASED
























Trauma
Stress Pathologic
Lots of strong or
small impacts
on the bone
Stabbing, mauling,
gunshots,
vehicular
accidents
Work with heights
Engages in high risk
sports
Bone diseases
Age 15 - 24
Sex (Males)
Malnutrition
Bone diseases
Continuous
muscle contraction
Break into the
continuity of the
bone
Disruption of surrounding tissues,
periosteum, blood vessel and nerve supply

























Damaged bone
tissue
Damaged peripheral
nerves
Damaged
muscle
Deformity
Immobility
Spasm
Loss of
function
Pull fragments
out of position
Deformity Pain
Degeneration of
nerve cells
Poor
muscle
tone
Absence
of
reflexes
Loss of
muscle
mass
Loss of
muscle
control
Paralysis
Numbness
Intense
inflammatory
response
Initial
vasoconstrictor
Vasodila
tion
Vascular
permeabi
lity
Bleeding
Outpouri
ng of
plasma,
bld, to
the I.S.
Filtration
pressure
Hyperem
ia
Heat
(Calor)
Redne
ss
Loss of
funtion
Pressure/irritation
of nerve endings
Swelling
Pain
Hematoma
Formation
Callus
Formation
Ossification
Remodeling
Bone Healing
Cellular
proliferation
Tissue death
Necrosis
Ischemia
Perfusion
Bld
volume
Closed/Simple
fracture
Complete
Oblique
CLIENT-BASED

















Vehicular accident
Break into the
continuity of the
bone
Damaged bone
tissue
Deformity
Immobility
Loss of
function
Crepitus
Inflammatory
response
Initial
vasoconstrictor
Vasodila
tion
Vascular
permeabi
lity
Outpouri
ng of
plasma,
bld, to
the I.S.
Pressure/irritation
of nerve endings
Swelling
Pain