Cell Structures

SABRINA LAM
ADVANCED BIOLOGY
Plasma (Cell) Membrane
The cell membranes function is to
protect the interior of the cell by allowing
certain substances into the cell, while
keeping other substance out. It also helps
to form and maintain the shape of the
cell.

A comparison of a cell membrane in real
life is a city border. They allow legal
citizens in and keep illegal immigrants
out.
Nucleus
The nucleuss function is being the control
center. It regulates the synthesis of
proteins in the cytoplasm through the use
of messenger RNA (mRNA). It also
synthesizes ribosomes.
A comparison of a nucleus in real life is
the president of the US. The president
is the leader of everyone in his country
and everyone follows him.
Ribosomes
The ribosomes function is assembling
the proteins of the cell. They also help
link amino acids together to make a
polypeptide chain.
A comparison of a ribosome in real life
is like a brick. They link with each other
to make a brick wall.
Cytoplasm
The cytoplasms function is to help
maintain the cells shape and give it
support. It also helps to move things
around in the cell and dissolve cellular
waste.
A comparison of cytoplasm in real life
is a lawn or yard. It is the landscape
found in any space of your house that
is not your house.
Mitochondria
The mitochondrias function is
converting energy into forms usable
by the cell. They ultimately generate
fuel for the cells activities and are
involved in other cell processes such
as cell division.
A comparison of a mitochondria in
real life is an energy plant. It makes
energy and generates all activities.
Chloroplast
The chloroplasts function is to absorb
light for photosynthesis. They are
responsible for energy production,
and reproduce independently from
the rest of the cell through a division
process similar to bacterial binary
fission. They are also responsible for
producing amino acids and lipid
components.
A comparison of a chloroplast in real life
is a solar energy plant. It collects
sunlight and makes energy as well.
Cell Wall
The cell walls function is to provide
protection and support for the plant. It
maintains the shape of the plant. It
also prevents overexpansion caused
by too much water.
A comparison of a cell wall in real life
is a city wall. It keeps whoever and
whatever out unless permitted other-
wise.
Rough ER
The rough ERs function is to
manufacture membranes and
secretory proteins. In certain white
blood cells, it also makes antibodies. In
pancreatic cells, it makes insulin.
A comparison of a rough ER in real life
is a road system. They let certain things
pass first and transfer them to where
they go next.
Smooth ER
The smooth ERs function is to serve as
a transitional area for vesicles that
transport ER products to various
destinations. It also produces enzymes
that help to detoxify certain
compounds.
A comparison of a smooth ER in real
life is a highway. It transports you
down a long road to where they want
to go.
Golgi
The Golgi's function is for
manufacturing, warehousing, and
shipping certain cellular products,
particularly those from the ER.
A comparison of a Golgi in real life is a
post office. It makes sure everything is
secure and in place before the ship it
off to their destination.
Vesicles and Vacuoles
The vesicles function is to transport
materials from one place to another.
Vesicles also function in metabolism
and enzyme storage as well. Vacuoles
are able to regulate the pressure and
water level of the cell to control the
conditions of the internal environment.
A comparison of a vesicle and a
vacuole in real life is a water tank. It
stores and transfers the needed items
when necessary.
Lysosomes
The lysosomes function is to have
digestive enzymes produced by the
lysosome break down the molecule.
After it is has been completely broken
down, the lysosome opens to release
the remains back into the cell in the
form of a vesicle that the cell can
expel through its membrane.
A comparison of a lysosome in real life
is waste disposal and recycling. It
breaks down waste and recycles it for
the parts needed.
Centrioles
The centrioles function is helping to
organize the assembly of microtubules
during cell division.
A comparison of a centriole in real life
is a teacher. It tells where kids to line
up and they straighten like how the
teacher told them to.
Microtubules
The microtubules function is to help
support and shape the cell. They also
functions as routes. They form the
spindle fibers that manipulate and
separate chromosomes during mitosis.
A comparison of a microtubule in real
life is a stop sign. It helps car get where
they need to in an orderly fashion and
they play a part in the routes.
References
Information Websites
http://biology.about.com/od/cellanatomy/ss/cell-membrane.htm
http://biology.unm.edu/ccouncil/Biology_124/Summaries/Cell.html
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http://biology.about.com/od/cellanatomy/p/ribosomes.htm
http://biology.about.com/od/cellanatomy/ss/mitochondria.htm
http://biology.about.com/od/plantbiology/ss/chloroplast.htm
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structure-composition.html#lesson
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function-quiz.html#lesson
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http://biology.about.com/od/mitosisglossary/g/centrioles.htm
http://biology.about.com/od/mitosisglossary/g/microtubules.htm
Images Website
http://cmapspublic3.ihmc.us/rid=1176137552531_97948136_13855/Cell%20Me
mbrane.cmap
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reticulum-and-the-golgi-apparatus.html#lesson
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reticulum.html
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