TERMODINAMICA

TABLA DE CONVERSIN

LONGITUD:
1 plg = 2,54 cm = 0,0254 m = 2,54*10-5 Km 1,578* 10-5 milla.
1 m= 39,37 plg = 3,281 pie = 0,001 Km = 6,214 * 10-4 milla = 100 cm.
1 pie = 0,3048 m = 30,48 cm = 12 plg = 3,048 * 10 -4 km = 1,894 * 10-4 milla
1 yarda = 3 pie

1 yarda = 0,9144 m.

1 Km = 0,621 milla = 100 m = 1 * 10 -5 cm

1 milla = 1,609 Km = 1609,3 m.
1 milla Nutica = 1852 m = 1,151 Millas = 6076 Pies.
1 ao luz = 9,461 * 10 15 m

1 ao luz = 9,4600 * 10 12 Km

1 Km = 3,281 * 10 3 Pie = 0,6214 milla

1 cm = 0,281 * 10 -2 pie
1 Angstrom = 10 -10 m.
1 Vara = 16,5 Pies
VELOCIDAD:
1 pie / s = 0,3048 m / s = 30,48 cm / s = 0,6818 milla / hora = 1,097 Km / h.
1 Km / h = 0,2778 m / s. = 0,91 pie / s = 0,6214 milla / h = 27,78 cm / s.
1 Milla / h = 1,47 pie / s. = 0.477 m / s = 1,61 Km / h = 44,7 cm / s.
1 m / s = 100 cm / s = 3,281 pie / s. = 2,237 milla / h = 3,6 Km / h.
1 Pie / s = 0,508 cm / s. = 0,011364 milla / h
1 m. / min = 0,05468 pie / s.
1 cm / s.=3,281 * 10 -2 pie / s = 3,6 * 10 -2 Km / h= 0,01 m / s =2,23*10 -2 milla / h

ACELERACIN:
1 pie / s 2 = 0,3048 m / s2 = 30,48 cm / s 2
1 m / s 2 = 3,28 pie / s 2 = 100 cm / s 2.

Ing. Lilian Castillo

FUERZA:
(g = 9,80665 m/s2)
g = 32.3 pie/s2
1 Lbf = 4,448 N = 4,448 * 10 5 Dina = 0,4536 Kgf .
1 Kgf = 9,8066 N = 9,807 *10 3 dina = 2,205 Lbf
1 N = 10 5 dina = 0,2248 Lbf = 0,1020 Kgf
1 Dina = 10 -5 N = 2,246 * 10 6 Lbf = 1,020 * 10 -6 Kgf
1 Dina / cm = 10 -3 N / m
1 Poundals = 1,383 * 10 4 Dina = 0,03108 Lbf
1 N = 0,224809 Lbf

MASA:
1 Lbm = 454 g = 0,4536 Kg
1 g = 0,001 kg = 6, 852 *10 -5 slug = 2,2046 * 10 -3 Lb
1 Kg = 1000 gr = 2,2046 Lbm
1 Tonelada mtrica = 1000 Kg.
1 Slug = 14,59 Kg = 14590 g = 32,174 Lbm
1 UTM = 9,8066 km.
1 g = 2,205 * 10 -3 Lbm

AREA (L2 ):
1 m 2 =10 4 cm 2 =10,76 pie 2 =1,196 yd 2
1 milla2 = 2,778 * 10 8 pies 2
1 pie 2 = 0,0929 m2 = 144 plg 2 = 6,45 cm 2
1 pulg 2 = 6,452 cm 2 = 6,452 * 10 -4 m 2
1 cm 2 = 0,155 plg 2 = 1,076 * 10 -3 pie 2
1 Km2 = 0,3861 milla 2
1 Yd 2 = 0,8361 m 2

Ing. Lilian Castillo

VOLUMEN:
1 Litro = 61 plg 3 = 1 dm 3 = 10 -3 m 3 = 1000 cm 3 = 0,0353 pie 3
1 pie 3 = 28,316 dm 3 = 1728 plg 3 = 2,83 * 10 -2 m 3 = 7,481 gl = 28,32 litros
1 gl = 3,78 dm 3 = 3,786 litros = 231 plg 3 = 0,13368 pie 3 = 3,785 *10 -3 m 3
1 m 3 = 10 6 cm 3 6,102 * 10 4 plg 3 = 35,3145 pie 3 = 1,3079 yarda 3
1 plg 3 = 1,6387 * 10 -3 m 3 = 16,3872cm 3 = 0,164 litros
1 cm 3 = 3,531 * 10 -5 pie 3 = 0,0610 plg 3
1 Barril (USA) = 42 galones = 158,97 Lts.
1 galn Fluido (USA) = 4 cuartos de galn fluido (USA) = 8 Pintas (USA) = 128 Onzas.
1 galn (USA) = 3,785 Lts. = 231 Plg 3

1 galn Imperial Britnico = 277, 4 Plg 3

1 cm 3 = 1 ml

10 -3 m 3 = 1 Litro

PRESIN (F/A)
1 Lbf / plg 2 = 6,895 Kpa = 0,0703 Kgf / cm 2 = 6,895 * 10 3 PA = 6,895 *10 -2 atm.
1 Kgf / cm 2 = 98,066 Kpa = 14,223 Lbf / plg 2 = 0,9678 Atm.
1bar = 100 Kpa = 10 5 N / m 2 = 14,5 lbf / plg 2 = 0,1 Mpa
1 Atm = 101,325 Kpa = 101325 Pa = 760 mm de Hg = 76 cm Hg = 406,8 plg de H 2O
= 14,7 Lbf / plg 2 = 1,013 * 10 5 New / m 2 = 760 Torr = 1, 013 bar = 1,033 Kgf / cm 2
= 1,033 Kgf / cm 2 = 33,899 pie H2O = 10,33 m H2O = 2116,8 Lbf / pulg.
= 1033 Kgf / m 2 = 1,0133 * 10 6 Dina /cm 2 = 29,921 plg de Hg.
1 Pa = 1 N /m2 = 1,45 * 10 -4 Lbf / plg 2 = 10 Dina / cm 2 = 9,869 * 10 -6 atm.
1 Torr = 133,322 Pas = 1 mm de Hg.
1 Kgf / m2 = 0,2048 Lbf / pie 2
1 Lbf / pie 2 = 4,8824 Kg / m 2 = 47,88 PA = 4,788 * 10 2 Dina / cm 2 = 4,725 * 10 -4 atm
1 Pie de H2O = 0,029499 atm = 0,88265 plg de Hg.
1 Plg de Hg = 0,0334 Atm = 0,49116 Lbf / plg 2
1 Plg de H2O = 2,4583 * 10 -8 atm = 5,2022 Lbf / pie2=0,1868 cm Hg = 248,1 P=1,868 mm Hg
1 Plg de H2O = 3,613 * 10 -2 Lbf / plg 2
1 Dina / cm 2 = 0,1 Pas = 9,869 *10 -7 atm = 7,501 * 10 -5 cm de Hg = 1,45 *10 -5 Lbf / plg 2
1 Dina / cm 2 = 4,015 *10 -4 plg de H2O.
1 cm de Hg =1,333 *10 3 Pas =1,333 *10 4 Dina / cm 2 = 1, 316 * 10 -2 atm = 0,1943 lbf / plg 2
1 cm de Hg = 5,353 plg de H2O = 27,85 Lbf / pie 2
1 Pas = 7,501 * 10 -4 cm de Hg = 2,089 *10 -2 Lbf / pie 2 = 4,015 *10 -3 plg de H2O
1 Lbf / plg 2 = 5,171 cm de Hg = 144 Lbf / pie 2 = 27,68 plg de H2O.
1 Lbf / pie 2 = 3,591 * 10 -2 cm de Hg = 6, 944 * 10 -3 Lbf / plg 2 = 0,1922 plg de H2O

Ing. Lilian Castillo

FLUJO DE VOLMEN:
1 pie3 / s = 0,0283 m 3 / s = 448,08 gal / min.
1 pie 3 / min = 0,0283 m3 / min = 0,1247 gal / s = 472 cm 3 / s.
1 gal / min = 3,785 * 10 -3 m3 / min = 0,13368 pie 3 / min.
1 galn = 0,133681 pie 3 = 3,785 + 10 -3 m3 = 231 plg 3 = 30786 Lts.
1 pie 3 = 7,481 galones.
1 Lt / min = 5,885 * 10 -4 pie 3 / seg = 15,851 gal / h.

FLUJO DE MASA:
1 Lb / s = 0,4536 Kg / s.
1 Lb / h = 0,4536 Kg / h.
.
gc= Factor de conversin gravitacional constante de proporcionalidad.
gc = 9,81 (Kg m) / (Kgf * s 2)
= 32,174 (Lbm * pie)/Lbf * s 2
1 Pas = __Kg._m_ =
2

m *s

N__

m2

ENERGA, TRABAJO, CALOR Y POTENCIA:

1 Pie * Lbf = 1,356 Joule = 1,285 * 10 -3 Btu = 1,356 * 10 7 ergio 5,051 * 10 -7 Hp. h
1 Btu = 1,0551 KJoule = 252 cal = 1,054 * 10 3 J = 1,055 * 10 10 ergio = 778 pie*lbf
1 Btu / Lb = 2,3261 KJ / Kg.
1 Btu / h = 0,293 Watt.

1 Btu. = 778 lbf-pie

1 cal = 0,044Lt * atm

1 Btu / min = 12,97 Lb * pie / seg = 0,02358 CV = 0,01758 Kvatio.

1 Btu / h = 3,927 * 10 -4 CV
1 Btu = 2,93 * 10 -4 Kw h = 0,252 Kg cal.
1 Kgf * m = 9,8066 Joule.
1 Kcal = 4,1868 KJ = 427,1 Kgf * m
1 Kcal = 4,1868 KJ / Kg
1 Kcal = 41,32 Lts * atm = 426,9 Kgf * m.
Ing. Lilian Castillo

1 cal = 4,186 Joule = 4,186 * 10 7 ergio = 3,087 pie * Lb = 3,968 *10

-3

Btu

1 cal = 4,129 * 10 -2 Lts * atm

1 Joule = 0,738 pie * Lb = 10 7/ ergio = 0,2389 cal = 9,481 * 10 -4 Btu = 2,78 * 10 -7 Kw
1 Kjoule = 0,948 Btu.
1 KWh = 3,60 * 10 6 Joule = 3,6 * 10 13 ergio = 2, 655 *10 6 pie * Lb = 3,6 * 10 5 Cal
1 KWh = 3,413 * 10 2 Btu
1 KWh = 3412 Btu
1 ergio = 10 -7 Joule = 7,376 * 10 -8 pie * Lb / seg = 2,39 * 10 -8 cal = 9,48 * 10 -11 Btu
1 ergio = 3,725 10 -14 Hp * h = 6,242 * 10 11 CV
1 Watt = 1 Joule / s = 5,688 * 10 -2 Btu / min = 948,4 * 10 -6 Btu / s
1 Watt = 10,738 pie * Lbf / s = 1,341 * 10

-3

Hp = 0,2389 cal / s

1 Hp * h = 2545 Btu = 2,685 * 10 13 ergio = 6,414 * 10 5 cal = 0,7457 KWh

1 Hp = 550 pie * Lbf / s = 0,746 KW = 2545 Btu / h
1,34041 Hp = 1023 Kg * m / s.
1 CV = 0,736 Kw = 736 W = 0,005692 Btu / min.
1 Vatio = 1,341 * 10 -3 CV = 0,05692 Btu / min.
1 KW = 3413 Btu / h = 737,6 Lb * pie / s = 1,341 Hp = 238,9 cal / s.
UTM = Unidad Tcnica Mtrica.
1 Watt hr = 1 Joule / s
1 Kcal= 1000 calora
1 Hp = 2545 Btu / h

Ing. Lilian Castillo

DENSIDADES:

DENSIDAD

g / cm 3

Kg / m 3

Lb / pie 3

Lb / plg 3

UTM / m 3

Agua

1000

62,44

0,03614

102,4

Mercurio

13,6

1.,6*10 3

849,1656

0,4914

Oxigeno

0,00133

Gas

DENSIDAD
Del AIRE

Hidrgeno

0,000084

Gas

1,09 Kg/m3

Etanol

0,785

Lquido

10,9 *10-7

Kg / cm3

Benceno

0,1880

Lquido

0,00109

g / cm 3

Magnesio

1,74

Slido

0,068

Lbm / pie 3

Cloruro sodio

2,16

Slido

3,9 * 10 -5

Lbm / plg 3

Aluminio

2,7

Slido

1,2 * 10 -6

Slug / plg 3

Hierro

7,87

Slido

0,00211624

Slug /pie 3

Cobre

8,96

Slido

Plata

10,5

Slido

Plomo

11,34

Slido

Oro

19,32

Slido

GASOLINA

680 Kg / m 3

Kerosene

823 Kg / m 3

Ing. Lilian Castillo