Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Give 3
examples of how ballistics is used
in forensic science.
Introduction
Ballistic evidence helps explain:
What type of firearm was used.
The caliber of the bullet.
The number of bullets fired.
Where the shooter was.
Whether a weapon was fired recently.
If a firearm was used in previous crimes.
Forensic Science: Fundamentals &
Investigations, Chapter 17
Chapter 17 Ballistics
By the end of this chapter you will be able to:
Firearm Nomenclature
Slide
Barrel
Extracto
rTrigger
Hammer
Safety
Ammunition
bsapp.com
bsapp.com
bsapp.com
bsapp.com
Bullet Design
Bullet refers to the projectile(s) which
actually exits the barrel of the gun when
fired
Bullets vary in shape and composition
There exist hundreds of different types of
bullets
Most types are variations on three main
shapes & three basic compositions
bsapp.com
bsapp.com
Round Nose
Maximum penetration
Cheapest shape to manufacture
Easily loads into chambers
bsapp.com
Hollow Point
Spreads or mushrooms on impact
Causes additional damage to target
Inhibits penetration
bsapp.com
Wad Cutter
Used exclusively as a practice load
Minimizes penetration
Rips a hole in target paper which is visible
by the shooter
bsapp.com
Lead
Jacketed
Jacketed (Full metal jacket)
bsapp.com
Lead
Cheap
Dense
Soft
Easy to mold
bsapp.com
Jacketed
A lead bullet coated with copper half way
up the exposed portion of the bullet
Used primarily for
hollow points
Copper improves
exit velocity
Lead promotes mushrooming
bsapp.com
Jacketed
A lead bullet completely coated in
copper
Copper improves exit
velocity
Used to hold the
shape of the bullet in
an effort to maximize
penetration
bsapp.com
20
bsapp.com
bsapp.com
Striations
bsapp.com
bsapp.com
bsapp.com
bsapp.com
bsapp.com
Matching Procedure
Fire bullets from a suspected
weapon
With the aid of a comparison
microscope, compare these test
fires to the suspected bullets
Striations must be identical for a
positive match
bsapp.com
Comparison
Microscope
Two
scopesOne Field
bsapp.com
bsapp.com
bsapp.com
bsapp.com
bsapp.com
Gunshot Residues
Chemical testing often can detect gun shot residue
even if removal is attempted.
What does this mean for investigation?
39
Databases
Like fingerprints, there is a federal
database for firearms used in previous
crimes NIBIN (National Integrated
Ballistics Network).
40