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Indian Roads Congress

Special Publication 49

GUIDELINES FOR THE

USE OF DRY LEAN
CONCRETE AS SUB-BASE
FOR RIGID PAVEMENT

Published by
THE INDIAN ROADS CONGRESS
Copies can be hadfrom
The Secretary, Indian Roads Congress,
Jamnagar House, Shahjahan Road,
New Deihi-ilOOll
NEW DELHI 1998

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Price Rs. 60/(plus packing and

postage)

JRC:SP:49~1998

First published October, 1998

(!?~ghtsof Publication and of Translation are reserved)

Printed at Sagar Printers & Publishers, New Delhi-Il 0(XJ3

(10(X) copies)

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IRC:SP:49 1998
MEMBERS OF THE HIGHWAYS SPECIFICATIONS AND
STANI)ARDS COMMITTEE
(As on 4.11.97)
I

Sin A.I) Narain *

(Ponsenor

2 .Shri Indu Prakash

Member-Secretary)

Director General (Road Dcv.) & AddI. Secy. to the Govt.

ofIndia, Ministry of Surface Transport (Roads Wing),
Transport Bhavan, NEW DELHI-I 10001
Chief Engineer (R). S&R
Ministry of Surface Transport (Roads Wing).
Transport Bhavan ,NEW DELHI-I 1(XX)I

3,

Shri i.E. Mathur

ChiefEngineer (Planning)
Ministry of Surface Transport (Roads Wing),
Transport Bhavan, NEW DELHI-Il0001

ShriNirrnal ut Singh

ChiefEngineer (T&T)
Ministry of SurfaceTransport, (Roads Wing),
Transport Bhavan, NEW DELHI- 110001

S.

Prof. Gopal Ranjan

Pro Vice Chanceller & Prof. of Civil Engg.,

University of Roorkee, RDORKEE-247667

Dr AK. Gupta

i)irector, Central Road Res.Institote, P.O. CRRI,

Delhi-Mathura Road, NEW DELHI-i 0020

.7

Dr. 1... R Kadiyali

5,

Maj.G~n.CT. Chari

Chief Consultant, Dr.L.R. Kadiyali & Associates,

S-487, lIndFlooi~Greater Kailash-l, NEW DELHI-45
Director General (Works), Engineer-in-Chiefs
Branch, Amsy Hqrs., Kashn7ir House, i)HQ P.O.,
NEW I)ELH1-l 10011

Shri H.P. Jarndar

Secretary to the Govt. of Gu~arat,R&B Department,

Sardar Bhavan, Block No. 14, Sachivalaya,
GANDHINAGAR-3820 10

Shri PD. Wani

Secretary (Works), Public Works Department,

Mantra]aya, MUMBAI-400032

1! .Shri S.C. Shanna

2.
13

Chief Engineer,
Ministry ofSurface Transport (Roads Wing),
Transport Bhavan NEW DELHI-I 10001

Shri. MV. Patil

Secretary, P.W.D., Mantralaya, MUMBAI-40(X132

Maj . CR. Rainesh

Secretary to the Govt. of Kansataka P.W.D.,

Room No. 610,6th Floor, Multistoried Building,
Dr. Anibcdkar Road, BANGALOR.E-5600)t I

ADG)R) being not in position. the meeting was presided by Shra AD. Narain,
DG(RD), Govt. of india, MOST

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IRC:SP:49- 1998
14

Shri iC. Bhandari

ChiefEngineer (Mech.)
Ministry of Surface Transport (Roads Wing),
Transport BhavanNEW DELHI-I 10001

15.

ShriP,K,Sah

Dy. Director General (Design & Specification Cell)

Directorate General Border Roads, Kashmir House,
DHQ P.O. NEW DELHI-I 10011

16.

Prof. AK. Sharnia

Head of Depti. ofTransport Planning,

School of Planning & Architecture, 4, Block B,
I.P. Estate, NEW DELHI-I 10002

Shri OP. Agat~ala

ChiefEngineer (B) S&R

Ministry of Surface Transport, (Roads Wing),
Transport Bhavan, NEW DELHI-I 10001

IS.

Shri V. Murahari Reddy

Engineer-in-Chief, R&B Department, A&E,

Errum Man:zil, HYDERABAD-500082

19.

Stir) K.B.LaI Singhai

Engineer.4n.Chief, Haryana Public Works Deptt.,

B&R, Sector 19-B, CHANDIGARH-1600l9

20.

Shri S.C. Pandey

Chief Engineer (NH), MP. Public Works

Department, ~DWing, 1st Floor, Satpura Bhavan,
BHOPAL-462004 (Madhya Pradesh)

2!.

Shri Pt). Agarwal

Chief Engineer (National Highways), U.P. Public

Works Department. 3, PWD Quarters, Kabir Marg,
Clay Square, LUCKNOW-226001

22.

,Shri R.K. Sharma

Engineer-in-Chief, Public Works Department,

U.S. Club, SHIMLA-17 1001

23.

Shri E).N. Banerjee

The Engineer-in-Chief& Ex-Officio Secy.,

Public Works Department, G Block (2nd Floor),
Writers Buildings, CALCU1TA-700001

24.

Shri R.L. Koul

Member National Highway Authority of India,

1, Eastern Avenue, Ma}iarani Bagh,
NEW DELHI-I 10065

25.

Shri KB. Rajoria

Engineer-in-Chief, PW[) Zone I, Govt. of Delhi

KG. Marg, NEW DELHI-I 10001

26.

Shri Vinod Kumar

Director & Head, Civil Engg. Department,

Bureau of Indian Standards, Manak Bhavan,
9, Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, NEW DELHI- 110002

27.

Prof. G.V. Rao

Deptt. of Civil Engg., LIT., Delhi Hauz Khas,

NEW DELHI-I 10016

2S.

Dr. OP. Bhatia

Dy. Director & Head, Civil Engg. Department,

G.S.IT.S., H-55, M.I.G., INDORE-452008

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IRC:SP:49-1998
29

Sod D.P. Gupta

DG(RD), MOST (Retd.) E-44,

GreaterKailash (Part I) Enclave, NEW DELHI-I 10(148

3))

Shri K.K. Sarin

DG(RD), MOST (Retd.), S-l08, Panchshila Park,

NEW DELHI-I 10017

3!

Prof. C.G Swaminathan

Badri, 50, Thiruvangadarn Street, R.A. Puram,

CHENNAI-600028

32.

Prof (E.G. insto

Emeritus Fellow 334, 25th Cross, 14th Main,

Banashankari 2nd Stage, BANGALORE-560070

33

Prof. N. Ranganathan

Head of Deptt. ofTransportation P1g.,SPA(Retd.)

Consultant, 458/C/SFS, Shaikh Sarai I,
NEWDELHI-l 10017

34.

Shri M.K. Agarwal

Engineer-in-Chief (Retd.), House No.40, Sector 16,

PANCHKULA- 134109

35.

1)r. AK. Bhatnagar

Executive Director, Indian Oil Corporation Ltd.,

(R&D Centre), Sector- 13, FARIDABAD-121007

36.

The ChiefEngineer

National Highway, AssamPublic Works Department,

Dispur, GUWAHATI-78 1006

37

The Director

Highways Research Station, 76, Sarthat Patel Road,

CHENNAI-600025

:ts.

The President
Indian Roads Congress

HP. iamdar,
Secretary to the Govt. of Gujarat,
R&B Department, Gandhinagar

39.

The Director General

(Road t)evelopment),

Ministry ofSurface Transport

(Roads Wing), New Delhi
AD, Narain(,

40.

The Secretary
Indian Roads Congress

(S.C. Sharma),
Chief Engineer, MOST

Ex-Officio

Ex-Officio

Ex-Officio

CORRESPONDING MEMBERS
I

Dr. Yudhhir

House No. 642, lIT Campus. P.O. liT, KANPUR-2080 16

2,

Dr. V.M. Sharma

Consultant, AIMIL, A-S. Mohan Cooperative Industrial

Estate, Naimex House, Mathura Road, NEW DELHI.44

3.

Dr. S. Raghava Chari

Emeritus Professor JNTU, H,No. 16-11-20/5/5,

Dilsukhnagar-3, HYDERABAD-500036

4.

Stir) NV. Merani

Past President, IRC, A-47/1 344, Adarshnagar,

Worli, Mumbai-400025

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I1tC:SP:49- 1998
CONTENTS
Page No.

I.

Introduction

2.

Width and Thickness of DLC Sub-base

3.

Materials

4.

Pmportioning o(Mataials for the Mix

5.

Subgrade

6.

Construction

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IRC:SP:49-1998

GUIDELINES FOR THE

USE OF DRY LEAN CONCRETE AS
SUB-BASE FOR RIGID PAVEMENT

L INTRODUCTtON

1.
The draft Guidelines for the use of Dry Lean Concrete as
~ub~basefor Rigid Pavements prepared by sonic members of the newly
constituted committee of Rigid Pavement Committee (H-5) was discussed
during the first meeting held on 1.9.97 (personnel given below), The draft
was finalised after incorporating certain changes and modifications
suggested by the members of the Committee.
Dr. L.R. Kadiyali
CE(NH) & it. Secretary
(SI. Patel)
M.C. Veukatesha

Convenor
Co-Convenor
Member-Secretary

MEMBERS
H.S. Bhatia
Sudesh Dhiman
R.K. lain
Dr. C.E.G. Justo
I)r. S.C. Maiti
S.S. Momin
B.V.B. Pai
YR. Phull
Director, HRS, Chennai

K.N. Rai
Dr. S.S. Seehra
Arun Kumar Sharrna
Brajendra Singh
V.K. Sinha
Dr. R.M. Vasan
CE(R), Municipal Corporation of
Greater Bombay

EX-OFFICIO MEMBERS
DG(RD), MOST
(AD. Narain),

President. IRC.
(H.P. Jamdar),
Secretary, IRC
(S.C. Sharma)

CORRESPONDING MEMBER
Kanti Bhushan Bhaumik
H.K. Kulshrestha
Prof. D.A. Shastry

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Dr. J.N. Mandal

S.M. Sabnis

IRC:SP:49-1998
[he guidelines were discussed and approved b~Highway
& Standards Committee iti its meeting held on 4. 1.97, The
gutdelities were approved by the Executive Committee and the Council in
their meetings held on 29.1 1.97 and on 5.1,98 respectively.
Specifications

1.2.
The provision of a sub-base below the concrete pavements has
many advantages such as prevention of pumping, availability of a firm
slruclural support fot construction equipment and enhancing the pavement
performance under frost conditions. The cement-bound sub-base is one of
the commonly adopted materials because of a wide variety of accruing
benefits. These include provision of a uniform and strong support; high
resistance to deformation and frost action; prevention of pumping; control
of volume changes in expansive soils; and improved load transfer at
pavement ~oLnts.Some design practices take advantage of the provision of
cement-treated sub-bases in recommending a higher soil support value.
Dry Lean Concrete (DLC) is one of the most popular cement treated
sub- bases,
The guidelines given here cover all aspects ofconstruction ofDLC
sub-base.
2. WIDTH AND THICKNESS OF DLC SUB-BASE

The i)LC sub-base shall extend beyond the pavementedges by

So

cm to facilitate further construction operations and provide an adequate

support for the concrete slab. The extra width facilitates the retrieval and
reuse of concrete that collects outside the paver.
A thickness of 100mm or 150 mm is commonly followed, though
a thickness of I 5() mm is recommended for all major projects. Actual
thickness will be governed by design considerations.
3. MATERIALS
Cement:Any of the following types of cement may be used with

prt or approval of the engineer:

1)
it)

iii)

Ordinary Portland Cement

Portland Slag Cement
Portland Pozzolana Cement

IS: 269.8112
IS: 455

and 12269

IS: 1489

If the suhgrade is found to consist of soluble suiphates in a

concentration more than 0.5 per cent, the cement used shall be sulphate
reststant and shall conform to IS:6909.
2

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IRC:SP:49- 1998

Aggregates:Aggregates for lean concrete shall be natural material

complying with IS:383. The aggregates shall not be alkali reactive, The
limits of deleterious materials shall not exceed the requirements set out in
IS: 383. In case the aggregates are not free from dirt, the same may be
washed and drained for at least 72 hours before batching.
Coarse aggregate shall consist of clean, hard, strong, dense,
non-porous and durable pieces of crushed stone or gravel and shall be
devoid of pieces of disintegrated stone, soft, flaky, elongated, very angular
or splintery pieces. The maximum size of the coarse aggregate shall he
25mm. The water absorption in the aggregates shaH not exceed 2 per cent.
The fine aggregate shall consist of clean, natural sand or crushed
stone sand or a combination of the two and shall conform to IS:383. Fine
aggregate shall be free from soft particles, clay, shale, loam, cemented
particles, mica, organic and other foreign matter.
The coarse and fine aggregates may be obtained in either of the
following manner:
i)

In separate nominal sizes ofcoarse and fine aggregates and mixed

together intimately before use

ii)

Separately as 25 mm nominal single size, 12.5 mm nominal size

graded aggregates and fine aggregate of crushed stone dust or
sand or combination of these two
The material after blending shall conform to the grading as
indicated, Table I.
TABLE I: Aggregate Gradation for Dry Lean Concrete

Sive Designation

Percentage passisng the sieve

weight

by

100

26.50mm
19.00mm

80-100

9.50 mm

55-75
35-60

4.75 mm

600 micron
75 micron

10-35

0-8

Water used for mixing and curing of concrete shall be clean and
free from injurious amounts of oil, salt, acid, vegetable matter or other
substances harmful to the finished concrete. It shall meet the requirements

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IRC:SP:49- 1998
stipulated in IS:456, except in respect of alkalinity, where a pH value of
upto 9 may be permitted.
All materials shall be stored in proper places so as to prevent their
deterioration or contamination by foreign matter and to ensure their
satisfactory quality and fitness for use in the work.
4. PROPORTIONING OF MATERIALS FOR THE MIX

4.1.
The Mix shall be proportioned with a maximum aggregatecement
ratio of 15:1. The water content shall be adjusted to the optimum as per
para 4.2 for facilitating compaction by rolling. The strength and density
requirements of concrete shall be determined in accordance with para 6.8
by making trial mixes.
4.2.

Moisture Content

The right amount of water for the lean concrete in the main work
shall be decided so as to ensure full compaction under rolling and shall he
assessed at the time of rolling the trial length. Too much water will cause
the l~anconcrete to be heaving up before the wheels and to be picked up
on the wheels of the roller and too little will lead to inadequate compaction,
a low in-situ strength and an open-textured surface.
The optimum water content shall be determined and demonstrated
by rolling during trial length construction. While laying the main work, the
lean concrete shall have a moisture content between the optimum and
optimum + I per cent, keeping in view the effectiveness of compaction
achieved and to compensate for evaporation losses.
4.3,

Cement Content

The minimum cement in the lean concrete shall not be less than
I 50 kg/cum of concrete. If this minimum cement content is not sufficient
to produce concrete of the specified strength, it shall be increased as
necessary.
4.4.

Cr~creteStrength

The average compressive strength of each consecutive group of 5

cubes shall not be less than 10 Mpa at 7 days. In addition, the minimum
compressive strength of any individual cube shall not be less than 7.5 Mpa
at 7 days. The design mix complying with these requirements shall be
worked out before start of work.

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IRC:SP:49-I 998
5. SUBGRADE

The subgrade shall conform to the grades and cross sections shown
on the drawings and shall be uniformly compacted to the design strength
that is normally specified. The lean concrete sub-base shall not be laid on
a subgrade softened by rain after its final preparation, surface trenches and
soft spots, if any, must he properly back-filled and compacted to avoid any
weak or soft spot. As far as possible, the construction traffic shall be
avoided on the prepared subgrade. A day before placing of the sub-base,
the subgrade surface shall be given a fine spray of water rolled with one or
two passes of a smooth wheeled roller after a lapse of 2-3 hours in order to
stabilise loose surface. If found necessary, another fine spray of water may
he applied just before placing sub-base.
6. CONSTRUCTION

6.1.

General

The pace and programme of the lean concrete sub-base

construction shall be matching suitably with the programme construction
of the cement concrete pavement over it. The sub-base shall be overlaid
with cement concrete pavement only after 7 days after sub-base
construction.
6.2.

Batching and Mixing

The batching plant shall be capable of separately proportioning

each type of material by weight. The capacity of batching and mixing plant
shall be at least 25 per cent higher than the proposed capacity for the laying
arrangements. The batching and mixing shall be carried out preferably in
a forced action central batching and mixing plant having necessary
automatic controls to ensure accurate proportioning and mixing. Other
types of mixers shall be permitted subject to demonstration of their
satisfactory performance during the trial length.
6.3.

Transporting

Plant mix lean concrete shall be discharged immediately from the

mixer, transported directly to the point where it is to be laid and protected
from the weather by covering with tarpaulin during transit. The concrete
shall be transported by tipping trucks, sufficient in number to ensure a
continuous supply of material to feed the laying equipment to work at a
uniform speed and in an uninterrupted manner. The lead of the batching
plant to the paving site shall be such that the travel time available from
mixing to paving as specified in para 6.5.2 will be adhered to.

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IRC:SP:49- 1998
6.4.

Placing

Lean concrete shall he laid by a paver. The equipment shall be

capable of laying the material in one layer in an even manner without
segregation, so that after compaction the total thickness is as specified. The
paving machine shall have high amplitude ramping bars to give good initial
compaction IC) the sub-base.
The laying of the two-lane road sub-base shall be done in full
width. For a pavement more than two-lanes, the operation may be carried
out by two payers separated by appropriate distance. Transverse and
longitudinal construction joints shall be staggered by 500-1000 mm and
200-400mm respectively from the corresponding joints in the overlaying
concrete slabs,
6.5.

Compaction

6.5.1. The compaction shall be carricd out immediately after the material
is laid and levelled. In order to ensure thorough compaction which is
essential, rolling shall be continued on the full width till there is no further
visible movement under the roller and the surface is closed. The minimum
dry density obtained shall be 97 per cent of that achieved during the trial
length construction vide para 6.9 the densities achieved at the edges i.e.
0.5 in from the edge shall not be less than 95 per cent of that achieved during
the trial construction vide para 6.9.
6.5.2. The spreading, compacting and finishing of the lean concrete shall
he carried out as rapidly as possible and the operation shall be arranged so
as to ertsure that the time between mixing of the first batch of concrete in
any transverse section of the layer and the final finishing of the same shall
not exceed 90 minutes when the concrete temperature is between 25 and
30 degree celsius and 120 minutes ifless than 25 degree celsius. This period
may be reviewed in the light of the results of the trial run but in no case
shall it exceed 2 hours. Work shall not proceed when the temperature of
the concrete exceeds 35 degree celsius. If necessary, chilled water or
addition of ice may be resorted to for bringing down the temperature. It is
desirable to stop concreting when the ambient temperature is above 40
degree celsius. After compaction has been completed, roller shall not stand
on the compa~tedsurface for the duration of thecuring period except during
commencement of next dayss work near the location where work was
terminated the previous day.
6.5.3. Double Drum smooth-wheeled vibratory rollers of minimum 80
to 100 kN static weight are considered to be suitable for rolling dry lean

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IRC:SP:49- 1998
concrete. In case any other roller is proposed. the same shall be used after
establishing its perfonnance. The number of passes required to obtain
maximum compaction depends on the thickness of the lean concrete, the
compatibility of the nix, and the weight and type of the roller etc. and the
same as well as the total requirement of rollers for the job shall he
determined during trial run by measuring the in-situ density and the scale
of the work to be undertaken.
6,5.4.

In addition to the number of passes required for compaction there.

shall he a preliminary pass without vibration to bed the lean concrete down
and again a final pass without vibration to remove roller marks and to
smoothen the surface.

Special care shall he exercised during compaction near joints,

kcrhs. channels, side forms and around gullies and manholes. In case
adequate conipact~on is not achieved by the roller at these points. use of
plate vibrator shall he made.

6.5,5.

The final lean concrele surface on completion of compaction and

imnicdiately before overlaying, shall be well closed, free from movement
under roller and free from ridges, low spots. cracks, loose material, pot
holes, ruts or other defects. The final surface shall be inspected
immediately on completion and all loose, segregated ordefective areas shall
be corrected by using fresh lean concrete material laid and compacted. For
repairing honeycombed surface, concrete with aggregates of size 10 mm
and below shall be spread and compacted. It is necessary to check the level
of the rolled surface for compliance. Any level deficiency should he
corrected altcr applying concrete with aggregates of size 10mm and below
after roughening the surface. Similarly the surface regularity also should
he checked with 3m straight edge. The deficiency should be made up with
concrete with aggregates of size 10 mm and below.
6.5.6. Segregation of concrete in the dumpers shall he controlled by
moving the dumper back and forth while discharging the mix on it and other
means. Even paving operation shall be such that the mix does not segregate.
6.6.

Joints

Days work shall be stoppe.d by veil ical joints. The edge of the
compacted material shall he cut back to a vertical face.

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IRC:SP:49- 1998
Curing
As soon as the lean concrete surface is completed. curing shall
coin mence. One of the following two methods shall be adopted:
a)
The curing shall be done by spraying with liquid curing
compound. The curing compound shall be white pigmented or
transparent type with water retention index of 90 per cent when

6.7.

tested in accordance with BS:7542. Curing compound shall he

sprayed immediately after rolling is complete. As soon as the

curing compound has lost its tackiness, the surface shalt he
covered with wet hessian for three days.
h)

Curing shalt he done by covering the surface by gunny

bags/hessian in minimum three layers which shall he kept
continuously moist for 7 days by sprinkling water.

6.8.

Trial Mixes
Trial mixes of dry lean concrete shall be prepared with moisture

contents like 5.0, 5.5, 6.0. 6.5 and 7.0 per cent using cement content
specified and the specified aggregate grading keeping in view the
requirement of aggregate-cement ratio specified in para 4.1. Optimum
moisture and density shall be established by preparing cubes with varying
moisture contents. Compaction of the mix shall be done in three layers with
vibratory hammer fitted with a square or rectangular foot. After
establishing the optimum moisture, a set of six cubes shall be cast at that
mnoisture for the determination of compressive strength on third and the
seventh day. Trial mixes shall be repeated if the strength is not satisfactory
either by increasing cement content or using higher grade ofcement. After
the niix design is approved, a trial section shall be in accordance with para
6.9.
If during the construction of the trial length, the optimum moisture
content determined as above is to be unsatisfactory, suitable changes may

he made in the moisture content to achieve a satisfactory mix. The cube

specimens prepared with the changed moisture content should satisfy the
strength requirement. Before production of the mix, natural moisture
content of the aggregate should be determined on a day-to-day hasts so that
the moisture content could he adjusted. The mix finally designed should
neither stick to the rollers nor become too dry resulting in ravelling of
surface.
6.9

Trial Length

6.9. I
The trial length shall he constructed at least 14 days in advance of
the proposed date of commencement of work, The length of trial

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1RC:SP~49-1998
construction

shall he a minimum of 60m length and for full width of the

pavement. The trial length shall contain the construction of at least one
transverse construction joint involving hardened concrete and
he laid subsequently so as to demonstrate the soundness of the

sub-base to
procedure.

6.9.2. In order to determine and demonstrate the optimum moisture

content which results in the maximum dry density of the mix compacted by
the rolling equipment and the minimum cement that is necessary to achieve
the strength stipulated, trial mixes shall be prepared as per para 6.8.
6.9.3. Alter the construction of the trial length. the in-situ density of the
freshly laid material shall be determined by sand replacement method with
20cm dia density hole. Three density holes shall be made at locations
equally spaced i~1onga diagonal that bisects the trial length; average of these
densities shall be determined. These main density holes shall not he made
in the strip 50cm from the edge. The average density obtained from the
three samples collected shall be the reference density and is considered as
lOt.) per cent. The field density of regular work will be compared with this
reference density in accordance with para 6.5.1. A few cores may be cut
as to check segregation or any other deficiency and also to ascertain
strength.
6.9.4. The hardened concrete shall be cut over 3 m width and reversed
to inspect the bottom surface ~ir any segregation taking place. The trial
length shall be constructed after making necessary changes in the gradation
of the mix to eliminate segregation of the mix. The lower surface shall not
have honey-combing and the aggregates shall not be held loosely at the
edges.

6.9.5. The trial length shall be outside the main works. After the
approval of the trial has been given, the materials, mix proportions, moisture
content, mixing, laying, compaction plant construction procedures shall not
he changed.
6. 10.

Control of Thickness, Density and Strength

The tolerances for thickness shall be 10 mm. The dry density of

material shall be determined from density holes at locations equally
spaced along a diagonal that bisects each 2000 sq.m. or part thereof of
material laid each day. The control of strength shall be exercised by taking
samples of dry lean concrete for making cubes at the rate of 3 samples for
each I (X)O sq.m. or part thereof laid each day. The samples shall he
compacted, cured and tested in accordance with IS:5l6.
the taid

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I RC: SP:49- 1998

6.11.

Traffic

No heavy commercial vehicles like trucks and buses shall he

permitted on the lean concrete sub-base after its construction, Light
vehicles if unavoidable may, however, be allowed after 7 days of its
construction with prior approval of the Engineer.

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