1. Josiah has found his iron bike to be rusted because of prolonged contact with oxygen. What happened?

A. The cation, oxygen, reacted with the anion, iron to form an ionic bond
B. The non-metals oxygen and iron formed a covalent bond
C. The cation, iron, reacted with the anion, oxygen to form an ionic bond
D. The anion, oxygen, reacted with the cation, iron to form a covalent bond
2. Ionic bonds form through
A. Sharing of valence electrons between non-metallic atoms
B. The attraction between polar ions
C. The attraction between metallic cations and anions
D. Sharing of valence electrons between non-metallic and metallic ions
3. What elements have the most electronegativity?
A. Hydrogen
B. Fluorine
C. Bromine
D. Chlorine
E. Potassium
4. The combining capacity of aluminum is
A. 3
B. 7
C. 1
D. 4
E. 6
F. 5
G. 2
5. The combining capacity of an atom usually determines __________________________________________.
A. The type of ion it can be
B. The type of chemical bond it will likely form
C. The number of covalent bonds it will likely form
D. All of the above
E. A and B
6. Two phosphorus atoms will likely form a(n)
A. Ionic bond
B. Molecule
C. Single covalent bond
D. Double covalent bond
E. Triple covalent bond
7. Christine added pure yttrium in a jar of iodine. What will the chemical reaction create?
A. Yttrium will not react with iodine
B. YI3
C. Y3I
D. Y3I3
E. YI

8. What is an octet?
A. A prefix, meaning eight
B. An eight-sided polygon
C. A type of electron shell with a maximum of eight electrons
D. A full electron shell
9. Some properties of ionic compounds are
A. Very malleable and ductile
B. Very high boiling and melting points
C. Forms a crystal lattice at room temperature
D. All of the above
E. B and C
10. ________ are most reactive with _____________.
A. Metalloids; Non-metals
B. Metals; Metalloids
C. Halogens; Alkali Metals
D. Halogens; Alkaline Earth Metals
11. Mr. Fong loves atomic models! His favourite covalent compound is lime, or calcium oxide (CaO). Mr. Fong
has been researching about lime recently and is in need of an atomic model that most accurately
represents lime. What type of model should Darsh give Mr. Fong?
A. Space Filling Model
B. Structural Model
C. Lewis Dot Model
D. Bohr-Rutherford Model
E. Ball-and-Stick Model
12. Covalent bonds form through
A. Sharing of valence electrons between metallic atoms
B. Sharing of valence electrons between gasses
C. Sharing of valence electrons between non-metallic atoms
D. Sharing of valence electrons between non-metallic and metallic ions
13. When atoms share valence electrons, ______________ are formed.
A. Valence Bonds
B. Molecular Bonds
C. Octet Rings
D. Perfect Bonds
E. Ironic Bonds
F. Ionic Bonds
14. Nitrogen tends to form a ______ covalent bond with nitrogen, through sharing __ electrons.
A. Single; 2 electrons
B. Double; 2 electrons
C. Double; 4 electrons
D. Triple; 3 electrons
E. Triple; 6 electrons
F. Triple; 9 electrons

15. Carbon tends to form a ______ covalent bond with oxygen, through sharing __ electrons.
A. Single; 2 electrons
B. Double; 2 electrons
C. Double; 4 electrons
D. Triple; 3 electrons
E. Triple; 6 electrons
F. Triple; 9 electrons
16. Shivam, Pranav, and Mihir are having an argument. Shivam says that helium can be anions but not cations;
Pranav says that helium can be cations but not anions; and Mihir says helium can be both anions and
cations. Sara comes and says they are all wrong. Why?
17. Draw a model of beryllium nitride.
18. Explain why salt water is more conductive than pure water.
19. Adi and Sahrish are having an argument. Adi found a brown, unsightly covering on his collection of iron
pennies, and Sahrish found her half-eaten apple to be brown and disgusting. Adi and Sahrish have gotten
into a fight because of this and are blaming each other. Explain what is going on a chemical level. Explain
the similarities between the two events.
20. BONUS (5 points): Ionic compounds with sodium as the cation are also known as

Answer Key
1. C
2. B
3. B
4. A
5. C
6. E
7. B
8. D
9. E
10. C
11. A
12. C
13. B
14. E
15. E
16. Helium is a noble gas, and cannot form ions because its combining capacity is zero, and it has already
achieved an octet.
17. []
18. Salt water contains many sodium and chloride ions which get dissolved in the water. Ionic compounds
in solid form are conductive, but they are more conductive in aqueous form, because by adding water
to the salt, it dissolves the ions, and makes them free to move around, which makes it easier to
conduct electricity (they are spread out more equally).
19. Oxidation is occurring. Oxidation occurs when the oxygen in the air (an anion) steals the valence
electrons in the iron, found in the silver pennies and the apple. Essentially, the oxygen in the air and
the iron in the apple and pennies are undergoing a chemical reaction, forming iron oxide, which has a
brown colouration.
20. Salts