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x100 {This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-2 on}\par\p
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bricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-1
86\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {D02.03 on Elemental Analysis.}\par\pard\l
i186\ri0\sl-173\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Current edition approved Apr
. 10, 2000. Published June 2000. Originally}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-186\slmult0 \fs
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n D 482\uc1\u8211X00.}\par\pard\li186\ri0\sl-173\slmult0 \fs12\cf0\f0\charscalex
100 {In the IP, this method is under the jurisdiction of the Standardization Com
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\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Annual Book of ASTM Standards}\i0 \fs14\cf0\f0\charscal
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{3}{ }\fs14\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Annual Book of ASTM Standards}\i0 \fs14\cf0
\f0\charscalex100 {, Vol 05.02.}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\p
ard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs12\cf0\f
1\charscalex100 {Copyright ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19
428-2959, United States.}\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\
li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-160\slmult0 \fs18\cf0
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scalex100 {Petroleum Products}{\super \fs12\up2\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {3}}\par\pa
rd\li200\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {D 4928 Test Method for W
ater in Crude Oils by Coulom-}\par\pard\li346\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\ch
arscalex100 {etric Karl Fischer Titration}{\super \fs12\up2\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{4}}\par\pard\li200\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {D 6299 Pract
ice for Applying Stastical Quality Assurance}\par\pard\li346\ri0\sl-240\slmult0
\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System
}\par\pard\li346\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Performance}{\su
per \fs12\up2\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {5}}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs20\cf
0\f0\charscalex100\b {3. Summary of Test Method}\b0 \par\pard\li186\ri0\sl-306\s
lmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {3.1 The sample contained in a suitable vessel
is ignited and}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {all
owed to burn until only ash and carbon remain. The}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmu
lt0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {carbonaceous residue is reduced to an ash by hea
ting in a}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {muffle fu
rnace at 775C, cooled and weighed.}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par
\pard\li0\ri0\sl-186\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {4. Signi\uc1\u64257Xc
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4.1 Knowledge of the amount of ash-forming material}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\slm
ult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {present in a product can provide information as
to whether or}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {not
the product is suitable for use in a given application. Ash}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl
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tallic compounds or}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100
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atus}\b0 \par\pard\li186\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \*\tx546\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {
5.1}\tab \fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Evaporating Dish or Crucible}\i0 \fs18\cf
0\f0\charscalex100 {, made of platinum, silica,}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0
\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {or porcelain, of 90 mL minimum capacity to 120-mL m
axi-}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {mum capacity.}
\par\pard\li186\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \*\tx546\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {5.2}\tab
\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Electric Muffle Furnace}\i0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscale
x100 {, capable of maintaining a tem-}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \*\tx1520
\*\tx1813\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {perature of 775}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscale
x100 {6}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {25C and preferably having suitable}\par\
pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {apertures at the front a
nd rear so as to allow a slow natural}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0
\f0\charscalex100 {draught of air to pass through.}\par\pard\li186\ri0\sl-240\sl
mult0 \*\tx546\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {5.3}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i
{Meeker Gas Burner}\i0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {, or equivalent.}\par\pard\li
186\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \*\tx546\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {5.4}\tab \fs18\cf0\f0
\charscalex100\i {Mechanical Shaker.}\i0 {\super \fs12\up2\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{6}}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {6. Reagents}\
b0 \par\pard\li186\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \*\tx546\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {6.1}\t
ab \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Propan-2-ol}\i0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc
1\u8212X(}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Warning}\b0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {
\uc1\u8212XFlammable, can be explo-}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f
0\charscalex100 {sive when evaporated to or near dryness.)}\par\pard\li186\ri0\s
l-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li186\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs8\cf0\f0\charscalex
100 {4}{ }\fs14\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Annual Book of ASTM Standards}\i0 \fs14\
cf0\f0\charscalex100 {, Vol 05.03.}\par\pard\li186\ri0\sl-173\slmult0 \fs8\cf0\f
0\charscalex100 {5}{ }\fs14\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Annual Book of ASTM Standard
s}\i0 \fs14\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {, Vol 05.04.}\par\pard\li186\ri0\sl-186\slmult
0 \fs8\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {6}{ }\fs14\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {A satisfactory mec
hanical shaker is available from the Eberbach Corp., 505 S.}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl
-173\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Maple Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1024.}\p
ar\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage

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}}}}\pgwsxn12240\pghsxn15840\marglsxn640\margrsxn133\margtsxn666\margbsxn133\col
s3\colno1\colw5120\colsr-0\colno2\colw746\colsr-0\colno3\colw5600\pard\li186\ri0
\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li186\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\l
i186\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li186\ri0\sl-173\slmult0 \*\tx546\fs2
0\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {6.2}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Toluene}\i0 \fs20
\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8212X(}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Warning}\b0 \f
s20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8212XFlammable, toxic)}\par\pard\li186\ri0\sl-22
6\slmult0 \*\tx546\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {6.3}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex10
0\i {Quality Control (QC) Samples}\i0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {, preferably a
re portions}\par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b
{D 482}\b0 \par\column\pard\li413\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li413\r
i0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li413\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs16\cf0\f0\chars
calex100\b {TABLE 1 Test Specimen Mass Versus Ash}\b0 \par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-26
6\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {Test Specimen,}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-133\sl
mult0 \*\tx3440\fs14\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {Expected Ash, mass %}\tab \fs14\cf0\f
1\charscalex100 {Ash Mass, mg}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn12240\pghsxn158
40\marglsxn640\margrsxn133\cols4\colno1\colw6413\colsr-0\colno2\colw1786\colsr-0
\colno3\colw1480\colsr-0\colno4\colw1786\pard\li0\ri0\sl-173\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f
0\charscalex100 {of one or more liquid petroleum materials that are stable and}\
par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-200\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {representative of th
e samples of interest. These QC samples}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs18\c

f0\f0\charscalex100 {can be used to check the validity of the testing process as
}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {described in Secti
on 11.}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {7. Samplin
g}\b0 \par\pard\li186\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {7.1 Obtain
samples in accordance with the instructions in}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0
\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Practice D 4057 or D 4177. Before transferring the p
ortion of}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {the sampl
e to be ashed to the evaporating dish or crucible, take}\par\column\pard\li0\ri0
\sl-346\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {0.18}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-173\slmult
0 \fs14\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {0.10}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-173\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f1
\charscalex100 {0.05}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-160\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f1\charscalex100
{0.04}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-173\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {0.02}\par\pa
rd\li0\ri0\sl-173\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {0.01}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl173\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {0.001}\par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-133\sl
mult0 \fs14\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {mass, g}\par\pard\li293\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs
14\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {9}\par\pard\li213\ri0\sl-173\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f1\chars
calex100 {20}\par\pard\li213\ri0\sl-173\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {40}\
par\pard\li213\ri0\sl-160\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {50}\par\pard\li133
\ri0\sl-173\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {100}\par\pard\li133\ri0\sl-173\s
lmult0 \fs14\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {100}\par\pard\li133\ri0\sl-173\slmult0 \fs14\
cf0\f1\charscalex100 {100}\par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f1\c
harscalex100 {20}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-173\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {20
}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-173\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {20}\par\pard\li0\r
i0\sl-160\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {20}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-173\slmult
0 \fs14\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {20}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-173\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f1\c
harscalex100 {10}\par\pard\li80\ri0\sl-173\slmult0 \fs12\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {1
}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn12240\pghsxn15840\marglsxn640\margrsxn133\co
ls3\colno1\colw5160\colsr-0\colno2\colw226\colsr-0\colno3\colw6080\pard\li0\ri0\
sl-226\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {particular care to ensure that the po
rtion taken is truly}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{representative of the larger portion. Vigorous shaking can be}\par\pard\li0\ri
0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {necessary.}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-386
\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {8. Procedure}\b0 \par\pard\li186\ri0\sl-2
80\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {8.1 Heat the evaporating dish or crucible
that is to be used}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{for the test at 700 to 800C for a minimum of 10 min. Cool to}\par\pard\li0\ri0\s
l-226\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {room temperature in a suitable contain
er, and weigh to the}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{nearest 0.1 mg.}\par\pard\li160\ri0\sl-320\slmult0 \*\tx586\fs14\cf0\f0\charsc
alex100 {N}\fs10\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {OTE}\tab \fs14\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {3\uc
1\u8212XThe container in which the dish or crucible is cooled can be}\par\pard\l
i0\ri0\sl-200\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {a desiccator not containing a
desiccating agent. In addition, all weighings}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-200\slmult0 \
fs14\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {of the crucibles should be performed as soon as the c
rucibles have cooled.}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-200\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f0\charscalex10
0 {If it should be necessary that the crucibles remain in the desiccator for a}\
par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-200\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {longer period, then
all subsequent weighings should be made after}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-200\slmult0 \
fs14\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {allowing the crucibles and contents to remain in the
desiccator for the}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-200\slmult0 \fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {
same length of time.}\par\pard\li186\ri0\sl-306\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex1
00 {8.2 When the sample is sufficiently mobile, mix thoroughly}\par\pard\li0\ri0
\sl-226\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {before weighing. The mixing is neces
sary to distribute catalyst}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charsc
alex100 {\uc1\u64257Xnes and other particulate material throughout the sample.}\
par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Satisfactory mixing
can usually be achieved by 10 min of}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\
f0\charscalex100 {manual shaking or 10 min using a mechanical shaker. Examine}\p
ar\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {the sample for homoge
neity before proceeding with 8.3.}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\

charscalex100 {Continue mixing the sample if it is not homogeneous.}\par\pard\li
186\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {8.2.1 When it is evident that
the sample is not homogenized}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\cha
rscalex100 {after repeated mixings, or there is a reasonable doubt, a}\par\pard\
li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {non-aerating, high-speed shea
r mixer can be used. Such a}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charsc
alex100 {device is described in Annex of Test Method D 4928.}\par\pard\li186\ri0
\sl-226\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {8.2.2 When the sample cannot be sati
sfactorily homog-}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {e
nized, reject the sample and acquire a new sample.}\par\pard\li186\ri0\sl-240\sl
mult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {8.2.3 When the sample is viscous or solid at r
oom tempera-}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ture,
heat the container carefully until the sample is entirely}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-2
26\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {liquid and mix carefully. An oven at an a
ppropriate temperature}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex1
00 {can be used.}\par\pard\li186\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {
8.2.4 The sample can contain water. After heating in an}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226
\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {oven, the water can boil causing spattering
or foaming. The}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {op
erator shall proceed cautiously with the heating step, wear-}\par\pard\li0\ri0\s
l-226\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ing safety goggles and gloves. Mixing
this type of sample shall}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscal
ex100 {be done carefully. Stirring, rather than shaking, is an option.}\par\pard
\li186\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {8.3 The quantity of test s
pecimen taken for testing will}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\cha
rscalex100 {depend upon the ash content expected in the sample. Refer to}\par\pa
rd\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Table 1. The weighing proc
edure will also depend upon}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charsc
alex100 {whether the sample requires heating or not, and whether more}\par\pard\
li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {than one portion has to be we
ighed.}\par\pard\li186\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {8.4 Using
a top-loading balance, weigh into the dish or}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \
fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {crucible, sufficient test specimen to the nearest 0.1
g to yield 1}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {to 20
mg of ash. Determine the mass of the test specimen used}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-22
6\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {in the analysis at ambient temperature. On
e way to do this is to}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex1
00 {take the difference between the initial and \uc1\u64257Xnal masses of the}\p
ar\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0
\fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmu
lt0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\
slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0
\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0
\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard
\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\
pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\
par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\
cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \f
s18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult
0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\sl
mult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-21
3\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\s
l-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\r
i0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\l
i0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pa
rd\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\pa
r\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf
0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs1
slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0
\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0
\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard
\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {2}\par\column\pard\li0\ri0\s
l-200\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {sample container weighed at ambient te
mperatures. If one}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {
weighing is sufficient, as determined from Table 1, or experi-}\par\pard\li0\ri0
\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ence, proceed with steps 8.6-8.11.}\
par\pard\li186\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {8.5 If more than o
ne addition of test specimen is required,}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20
\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {proceed only through 8.6 (noting 8.6.1 and 8.7) and allow
the}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {dish or crucib
le to cool to ambient temperature before adding}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0
\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {more sample as outlined in 8.4. Proceed with steps
8.6-8.11.}\par\pard\li186\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {8.6 Car
efully heat the dish or crucible with a Meeker burner}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\s
lmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {or equivalent until the contents can be ignit
ed by the \uc1\u64258Xame.}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charsca
lex100 {Maintain the dish or crucible at such a temperature that the}\par\pard\l
i0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {sample continues to burn at a
uniform and moderate rate}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscal
ex100 {leaving only a carbonaceous residue when the burning ceases.}\par\pard\li
0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {A hot plate can be used at this
stage.}\par\pard\li186\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {8.6.1 The
sample may contain water that can cause spatter-}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmul
t0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ing. The operator shall heat the sample cautiousl
y while}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {wearing gog
gles. When the spattering is very severe so that}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult
0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {material escapes the con\uc1\u64257Xnes of the dis
h or the crucible,}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {
discard the sample.}\par\pard\li186\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \*\tx3053\*\tx3306\fs20\c
f0\f0\charscalex100 {8.6.2 To a second sample, add 2}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscale
x100 {6}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {1 mL of propan-2-ol}\par\pard\li0\ri0\s
l-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Warnin
g}\b0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8211XFlammable) and stir into the test s
pecimen (gently}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {war
med to liquefy if it is solid or near solid) using a glass rod,}\par\pard\li0\ri
0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {and proceed as in 8.6. When this is
unsuccessful, repeat using}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \*\tx520\*\tx800\*\
tx2720\*\tx2986\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {a 10}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{6}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {1 mL mixture of 50}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charsca
lex100 {6}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {5 % by volume toluene}\par\pard\li0\r
i0\sl-226\slmult0 \*\tx4133\*\tx4400\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(}\fs20\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100\b {Warning}\b0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8211XFlammable. Va
por Harmful) and 50}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {6}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charsca
lex100 {5 % by}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {volu
me of propan-2-ol. In either case, any test specimen that}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-2
26\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {adheres to the glass rod can be returned
to the dish using a strip}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscal
ex100 {of ashless \uc1\u64257Xlter paper. Continue burning as outlined in 8.6.}\
par\pard\li186\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {8.7 Vigilance by t
he operator is mandatory; burning samples}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20
\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {shall never be left unattended.}\par\pard\li186\ri0\sl-24
0\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {8.8 Some test specimens will require extra
heating after the}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {
burning has ceased, particularly heavy samples such as marine}\par\pard\li0\ri0\
sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {fuels which form crusts over the unbu

rned material. The crust}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscale
x100 {can be broken with a glass rod. Any crust that adheres to the}\par\pard\li
0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {glass rod can be returned to th
e dish using a strip of ashless}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\ch
arscalex100 {\uc1\u64257Xlter paper. Burn the remaining test specimen.}\par\pard
\li186\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {8.9 The heavier material t
ends to foam, therefore the opera-}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0
\charscalex100 {tor shall exercise considerable care. Overheating shall be}\par\
pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {avoided so that neither
the test specimen nor the dish are heated}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20
\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {to a red hot appearance, as this can result in loss of as
h.}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Likewise, the \u
c1\u64258Xame shall never be higher than the rim of the}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226
\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {dish to avoid superheating the crust, there
by producing sparks}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{that can result in considerable loss of ash.}\par\pard\li186\ri0\sl-240\slmult0
\*\tx4626\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {8.10 Heat the residue in the muffle furnac
e at 775}{ }\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {6}\tab \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {25C}\p
ar\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {until all carbonaceou
s material has disappeared. Cool the dish}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20
\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {to room temperature in a suitable container (Note 3), and
weigh}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {to the neare
st 0.1 mg.}\par\pard\li186\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {8.11 R
eheat the dish at 775C for 20 to 30 min, cool in a}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmul
t0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {suitable container (Note 3), and reweigh. Repeat
the heating}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn12240\pghsxn15840\marglsxn640\mar
grsxn133\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft6026\shptop8360\shpright7226\shpbottom8360\shpfhdr0\shpw
r3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shplid2052\shpz0\shpbxpage\shpbypage

{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}}{\shp
{\*\shpinst
\jpegblip
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393D38323C2E333432FFDB0043010909090C0B0C180D0D1832211C21323232323232323232323232
3232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232323232FFC0
001108003F003F03012200021101031101FFC4001F00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090A0BFFC400B5100002010303020403050504040000017D010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191A1082342B1C11552D1F02433627282090A161718191A2526272829
2A3435363738393A434445464748494A535455565758595A636465666768696A737475767778797A
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090A0BFFC400B511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291A1B1C109233352F015
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5A636465666768696A737475767778797A82838485868788898A92939495969798999AA2A3A4A5A6
}}}}\pgwsxn12240\pghsxn15840\marglsxn640\margrsxn133\margtsxn666\margbsxn133\col
s2\colno1\colw5120\colsr-0\colno2\colw6346\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0
\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18
\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-173\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {and weighing un
til consecutive weighings differ by not more}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \f
s20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {than 0.5 mg.}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf
0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {9. Calculation}\
b0 \par\pard\li186\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {9.1 Calculate
the mass of the ash as a percentage of the}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs2
0\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {original samples as follows:}\par\pard\li1520\ri0\sl-306
\slmult0 \*\tx4826\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Ash, mass %}{ }\fs16\cf0\f0\charsc
alex100 {5 ~}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {w}\i0 \fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {/}\
fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {W}\i0 \fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {! 3}{ }\fs16\cf0\
f0\charscalex100 {100}\tab \fs14\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(1)}\par\pard\li66\ri0\sl
-373\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {where:}\par\pard\li66\ri0\sl-226\slmult
0 \*\tx426\*\tx693\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {w}\i0 \tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscal
ex100 {5}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {mass of ash, g, and}\par\pard\li66\ri0
\sl-226\slmult0 \*\tx426\*\tx693\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {W}\i0 \tab \fs20\c
f0\f0\charscalex100 {5}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {mass of sample, g.}\par\
column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {D 482}\b0 \par\
pard\li266\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {12. Precision and Bi
as}\b0 {\super \fs12\up2\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {7}\b0 }\par\pard\li453\ri0\sl-2
80\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {12.1 The precision of this test method as
obtained by}\par\pard\li266\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {stat
istical examination of interlaboratory test results is as}\par\pard\li266\ri0\sl
-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {follows:}\par\pard\li453\ri0\sl-226\slm
ult0 \*\tx1053\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {12.1.1}\tab \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100
\i {Repeatability}\i0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8212XThe difference betw
een successive}\par\pard\li266\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {te
sts results, obtained by the same operator with the same}\par\pard\li266\ri0\sl240\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {apparatus under constant operating condi
tions on identical test}\par\pard\li266\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscal
ex100 {material would, in the long run, in the normal and correct}\par\pard\li26
6\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {operation of the test method, e
xceed the following values only}\par\pard\li266\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\
charscalex100 {in one case in twenty:}\par\pard\li1106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \*\tx3
640\fs14\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {Ash, mass %}\tab \fs14\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {Repe
atability}\par\pard\li1066\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \*\tx3866\fs14\cf0\f1\charscalex10
0 {0.001 to 0.079}\tab \fs14\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {0.003}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sb
knone\pgwsxn12240\pghsxn15840\marglsxn640\margrsxn133\cols3\colno1\colw6186\cols
r-0\colno2\colw2800\colsr-0\colno3\colw2480\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs20\cf
0\f0\charscalex100\b {10. Report}\b0 \par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-173\slmult0 \fs
14\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {0.080 to 0.180}\par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-173\slmult0
\fs14\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {0.007}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn12240\pghsx
n15840\marglsxn640\margrsxn133\cols2\colno1\colw5386\colsr-0\colno2\colw6080\par
d\li186\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {10.1 Report the results a
s follows:}\par\column\pard\li186\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \*\tx786\fs20\cf0\f0\charsc
alex100 {12.1.2}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Reproducibility}\i0 \fs20\cf0
\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8212XThe difference between two single}\par\pard\li0\ri
0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {and independent results obtained by
different operators in}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn12240\pghsxn15840\mar
glsxn640\margrsxn133\cols3\colno1\colw2680\colsr-0\colno2\colw2706\colsr-0\colno
3\colw6080\pard\li173\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {Test Specim
en Mass}\par\pard\li306\ri0\sl-173\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {9.00 to 3
9.99 g}\par\pard\li306\ri0\sl-173\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {40.00 or m
ore g}\par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {Report
}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-173\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {3 decimal places}\
par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-173\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {3 to 4 decimal place
s}\par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {different
laboratories on identical test material would, in the}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\s
lmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {long run, in the normal and correct operation
of the test}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {method
, exceed the following values only in one case in}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\p
gwsxn12240\pghsxn15840\marglsxn640\margrsxn133\cols4\colno1\colw5386\colsr-0\col
no2\colw800\colsr-0\colno3\colw2520\colsr-0\colno4\colw2760\pard\li186\ri0\sl-25
3\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {10.2 Record the value reported as ash in a
ccordance with}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Test
Method D 482, stating the mass of the sample taken.}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\sl
mult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {11
. Quality Control}\b0 \par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\chars
calex100 {twenty:}\par\column\pard\li40\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li
40\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {Ash, mass %}\par\pard\li0\ri0\
sl-346\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {0.001 to 0.079}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-1
73\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {0.080 to 0.180}\par\column\pard\li0\ri0\s
l-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f1\charscalex1
00 {Reproducibility}\par\pard\li280\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f1\charscalex10
0 {0.005}\par\pard\li280\ri0\sl-173\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {0.024}\p
ar\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn12240\pghsxn15840\marglsxn640\margrsxn133\cols2
\colno1\colw5386\colsr-0\colno2\colw6080\pard\li186\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs18\cf0
\f0\charscalex100 {11.1 Con\uc1\u64257Xrm the performance of the instrument or t
he test}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {procedure b
y analyzing a QC sample (see 6.3).}\par\pard\li186\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\
f0\charscalex100 {11.1.1 When QC/Quality Assurance (QA) protocols are}\par\pard\
li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {already established in the te
sting facility, these may be used to}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\
f0\charscalex100 {con\uc1\u64257Xrm the reliability of the test result.}\par\par
d\li186\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {11.1.2 When there is no Q
C/QA protocol established in the}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100 {testing facility, Appendix X1 can be used as the QC/QA}\par\pard\l
i0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {system.}\par\column\pard\li186
\ri0\sl-320\slmult0 \*\tx640\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {12.2}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100\i {Bias}\i0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8212XThe bias of this
test method cannot be deter-}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\char
scalex100 {mined since an appropriate standard reference material con-}\par\pard
\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {taining a known level of ash
in liquid petroleum hydrocarbon}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100 {is not available.}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-320\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\ch
arscalex100\b {13. Keywords}\b0 \par\pard\li186\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\
charscalex100 {13.1 ash; crude oils; distillate oils; fuel oils; lubricating oil
s}\par\pard\li186\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li186\ri0\sl-240\slmult0
\fs8\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {7}{ }\fs14\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {No ASTM Research Re
port is available for this standard.}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn12240\pg
hsxn15840\marglsxn640\margrsxn133\pard\li4693\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\p
ard\li4693\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li4693\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18
\cf0\par\pard\li4693\ri0\sl-173\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {APPENDIX}\
b0 \par\pard\li4066\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li4066\ri0\sl-240\slmu
lt0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {(Nonmandatory Information)}\b0 \par\pard\li413

3\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li4133\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100\b {X1. QUALITY CONTROL}\b0 \par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn12240
\pghsxn15840\marglsxn640\margrsxn133\cols3\colno1\colw5160\colsr-0\colno2\colw22
6\colsr-0\colno3\colw6080\pard\li186\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li186
\ri0\sl-320\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {X1.1 Con\uc1\u64257Xrm the perfo
rmance of the instrument or the test}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\
f0\charscalex100 {procedure by analyzing a QC sample.}\par\pard\li186\ri0\sl-346
\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {X1.2 Prior to monitoring the measurement pr
ocess, the user}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {of
the test method needs to determine the average value and}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-24
0\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {control limits of the QC sample (see Pract
ice D 6299 and MNL}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {
7).}{\super \fs12\up2\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {8}}\par\pard\li186\ri0\sl-346\slmult
0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {X1.3 Record the QC results and analyze by control
charts}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {or other sta
tistically equivalent techniques, to ascertain the}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\slmu
lt0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {statistical control status of the total testing
process (see Practice}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex10
0 {D 6299 and MNL 7). Any out-of-control data should trigger}\par\pard\li0\ri0\s
l-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {investigation for root cause(s).}\par\
pard\li186\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {X1.4 In the absence of
explicit requirements given in the}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f
0\charscalex100 {test method, the frequency of QC testing is dependent on the}\p
ar\pard\li186\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li186\ri0\sl-306\slmult0 \fs
8\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {8}{ }\fs14\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ASTM MNL 7, \uc1\u8220X
Manual on Presentation of Data Control Chart Analysis\uc1\u8221X 6}{\super \fs8\
up2\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {th}}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-173\slmult0 \fs14\cf0\f0\char
scalex100 {ed., available from ASTM Headquarters.}\par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-21
3\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\s
l-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\r
i0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\l
i0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pa
rd\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\pa
r\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf
0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs1
slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{3}\par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-320\sl
mult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {criticality of the quality being measured, the
demonstrated}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {stabi
lity of the testing process, and customer requirements.}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240
\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Generally, a QC sample is analyzed each tes
ting day with}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {routi
ne samples. The QC frequency should be increased if a}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\s
lmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {large number of samples are routinely analyze
d. However,}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {when it
is demonstrated that the testing is under statistical}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\
slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {control, the QC testing frequency may be red
uced. The QC}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {sample
precision should be checked against the ASTM method}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\sl
mult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {precision to ensure data quality.}\par\pard\li
186\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li186\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\
charscalex100 {X1.5 It is recommended that, if possible, the type of QC}\par\par
d\li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {sample that is regularly te
sted be representative of the material}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf
0\f0\charscalex100 {routinely analyzed. An ample supply of QC sample material}\p
ar\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {should be available f

or the intended period of use, and must be}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs2
0\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {homogenous and stable under the anticipated storage cond
i-}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {tions. See Pract
ice D 6299 and MNL 7 for further guidance on}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \f
s20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {QC and Control Charting techniques.}\par\pard\sect\sec
td\sbknone\pgwsxn12240\pghsxn15840\marglsxn640\margrsxn133\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpa
ge{\shp
{\*\shpinst
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d\li5120\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {D 482}\b0 \par\pard\li
3986\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li3986\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\p
ar\pard\li3986\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {SUMMARY OF CHANG
ES}\b0 \par\pard\li906\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li906\ri0\sl-253\sl
mult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Sub-Committee D02.03 has identi\uc1\u64257Xed
the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue}\par\pard
\li720\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(D 482 \uc1\u8211X 95) tha
t may impact the use of this standard.}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf
0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(}\fs20\cf0\f0\cha
rscalex100\i {1}\i0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {) Paragraph 8.4 was revised.}\pa
r\pard\li1320\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1320\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \f
s12\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {The American Society for Testing and Materials takes n
o position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection}\
par\pard\li1133\ri0\sl-160\slmult0 \fs12\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {with any item men
tioned in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that deter
mination of the validity of any such}\par\pard\li1133\ri0\sl-173\slmult0 \fs12\c
f0\f1\charscalex100 {patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights,
are entirely their own responsibility.}\par\pard\li1320\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs1
8\cf0\par\pard\li1320\ri0\sl-200\slmult0 \fs12\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {This standa
rd is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and
must be reviewed every \uc1\u64257Xve years and}\par\pard\li1133\ri0\sl-160\slm
ult0 \fs12\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.
Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additiona
l standards}\par\pard\li1133\ri0\sl-173\slmult0 \fs12\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {and
should be addressed to ASTM Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful con
sideration at a meeting of the responsible}\par\pard\li1133\ri0\sl-173\slmult0 \
fs12\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {technical committee, which you may attend. If you fee
l that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should make your}\par\
pard\li1133\ri0\sl-173\slmult0 \fs12\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {views known to the AS
TM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.}\par\pard\li1320\ri0\sl-2
13\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1320\ri0\sl-186\slmult0 \fs12\cf0\f1\charscalex1
00 {This standard is copyrighted by ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, We
st Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.}\par\pard\li1133\ri0\sl-173\slmul
t0 \fs14\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) o
f this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above address or at}\p
ar\pard\li1133\ri0\sl-173\slmult0 \fs12\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {610-832-9585 (phon
e), 610-832-9555 (fax), or service@astm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM websit
e (www.astm.org).}\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\
ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pa
rd\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\
cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmu
lt0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\s
l-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li
ar\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \
fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213
\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\

ar\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \
fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213
\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\
ar\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {4}\par}

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{\rtf\ansi\deff0\ansicpg1252

13\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1133\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs26\cf0\f0\charscalex1

ith its use. It is the}\i0 \par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charsca

\fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-186\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {5. Appar

{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 5027}}

e samples of interest. These QC samples}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs18\c

neity before proceeding with 8.3.}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\

sl-226\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {fuels which form crusts over the unbu

{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}

lt0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {(Nonmandatory Information)}\b0 \par\pard\li413

ar\pard\li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {should be available f

ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li5160\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pa

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