Classwork: Cell structure and classification

Group no.

405

Name Marcelo Patricio Isassi Pez ID A01194128

All cells are classified as either prokaryotic or eukaryotic. Prokaryotic cells do not contain a
nucleus, while eukaryotic cell do. Only bacteria and archaea are prokaryotes, all other
organisms are eukaryotes. Prokaryotes also do not have the membrane bound organelles
found in eukaryotes. Organelles are small membranous bodies, each with a specific structure
and function. Prokaryotes do have cytoplasm, which is the material bounded by a plasma
membrane. The cytoplasm contains ribosomes, small granules that carry out protein
synthesis; thylakoids (only in cyanobacteria) that participate in photosynthesis; and enzymes.
Prokaryotes have a nucleoid region which is a chromosome composed largely of DNA.
Eukaryotic cells include animal cells and plant cells. The nucleus in a eukaryotic cell is bound
by a nuclear envelope and contains nucleoplasm. The cytoplasm, found between the plasma
membrane and the nucleus, consists of fluid filled with organelles. Many of the organelles are
separated from the surrounding cytoplasm by a membrane. Not all of the organelles found in
plant cells are found in animal cells and vice versa.
Materials:

Copy of the activity, one per student

Computer

http://www.wiley.com/legacy/college/boyer/0470003790/animations/cell_struc
ture/cell_structure.htm

If you cannot access this site directly, do a Google or Bing search for cell
animations, then click on to concepts in biochemistry interactive.

Colored pencils or pen and pencil

Instructions:
1. Use your computer to access the website given by your teacher to answer the
following questions.
2. Turn in your activity via discussion board

Part A: Prokaryotic cells

1. Using the animation, write the different cell components found in prokaryotic
cells and mention their function.
Celular
component or
organelle

function

Pili and Falgella

Assist on adhesion and sexual conjugation.

Cell Wall

Protects against mechanical and hypertonic stress.

Cytoplasm

Region were many metabolic reactions occur.

Ribosomes

Sites of protein synthesis

Mesosome

Permable boundary that allows for entry and exit of nutrients of waste
and play a role in DNA replication.

Nucleoid Region

Storage of genetic information, the site of DNA replication.

0.

2. Draw and label the prokaryotic cell using all the cellular components found in the
above chart. This can be done by scanning your picture and pasting it in the

space provided.
Part B: Animal cells
1. Using the animation, write the different cell components or organelles found in
animal cells and mention their function.
Celular
component or
organelle

function

Cell membrane

Selectively permeable boundary for entry and exit of nutrients and

waste where some important enzyme activity is found.

Cytoplasm

Provides shape to cell; region where many metabolic reactions occur.

Smooth
endoplasmic
Reticulum

Transport system for liquids and nutrients in the cell.

Peroxisome

Oxidative metabolism of nutrients using oxygen to generate water.

Lysosome

Metabolism of materials ingested by endocytosis.

Mitochondria

Site of energy metabolism and synthesis of high-energy ATP.

Rough
Endoplasmic
Reticulum

Surface in which ribosomes bind for protein synthesis.

Nucleus

Storage site of genetic information, the site of DNA replication and its
transcription to RNA.

Golgi Apparatus

Responsible for secretion of waste products from the cell.

0.
3. Draw and label the animal cell using all the cellular components found in the
above chart. This can be done by scanning your picture and pasting it in the
space provided.

Part C: Plant cell

1. Using the animation, write the different cell components found in plant cells and
mention their function.
Celular
component or
organelle

function

Cell Wall

Selectively permeable boundary for entry and exit of nutrients and

waste where some important enzyme activity is found.

Golgi Apparatus

Responsible for secretion of waste products from the cell.

Chloroplast

Site of photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy

(ATP).

Rough
Endoplasmic
Reticulum

Surface in which ribosomes bind for protein synthesis.

Vacuole

Storage of nutrients and water.

Nucleus

Storage site of genetic information, the site of DNA replication and its
transcription to RNA.

Glyoxysomes

Vesicles found in cytoplasm that carry certain enzymatic reactions.

Mitochondria

Site of energy metabolism and synthesis of high-energy ATP.

Smooth
Endoplasmic
Reticulum

Transport system for liquids and nutrients in the cell.

Ribosomes

Sites of protein synthesis.

0.

4. Draw and label the plant cell using all the cellular components found in the
above chart. This can be done by scanning your picture and pasting it in the
space provided.

Analysis Questions:
1. What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic does not has a nucleus and eukaryotic does has one. Eukaryotic have
ribosomes. Eukaryotic are the cells that have any living organism, a plant or an animal,
Prokaryotic cells are from bacterium.

2. Which types of cells are prokaryotic?

Bacterium.

3. Which types of cells are eukaryotic?

Animals and Plants cells.

4. What organelles do plants cells have that animal cells dont?

Chloroplast, Vacuole, Glyoxysomes, Mitochondria and Ribosomes.

5. What organelles do animal cells have that plant cells dont?

The cytoplasm, Peroxisome and Lysosome
6

Evaluation
Criteria

Part A

Student completed
the chart, and drew
the prokaryotic cell
correcty

Student completed
the chart and the
drawing, but with
errors

Student did not

complete the chart
or the drawing

Part B

Student completed
the chart, and drew
the animal cell
correcty

Student completed
the chart and the
drawing, but with
errors

Student did not

complete the chart
or the drawing

Part C

Student completed
the chart, and drew
the plant cell
correcty

Student completed
the chart and the
drawing, but with
errors

Student did not

complete the chart
or the drawing

Analysis questions

Student answered
all 5 questions
correctly

Student answered
all 3-4 questions
correctly

Student answered
1-2 questions
correctly

Task completion

Student finished the

activity on time

Student did not

finish the activity on
time