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International Human Rights

National Constitutions
- French Revolution
- US Revolution
International Law
- Atlantic Charter
- Roosevelt
- Churchill
- Self determination of individuals
UN Declaration of Human Rights 1942
Universal Declaration of Human Rights - 1948, Paris, Dec 10
- Opposed by Saudi Arabia, South Africa, USSR
8 Abstained from signing
Eleanor Roosevelt and Rene Cassin
- Leading figures drafting universal declaration of Human Rights
- John P Humphrey, Canadian International Law Professor, drafted. Used Magna Carta,
Bill of Rights, French constitutional bill? (look up)
Hybrid nature of Human rights
- Constitutional and International influences
Civil and political, economic and social/cultural
* Interdependence and indivisibility of rights *
Social security act 1935 - FDR - Free from want as a human right
FDR claimed first bill of rights incomplete. Second Bill of Rights - Economic and social
security
Necessitous men are not free men
- People who are hungry and out of a job are the stuff of which dictatorships are made
FDR

**** 9 Core UN Human rights treaties

Covenants of 1966
- International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (Dec 16, 1966) In
force Jan 3, 1976. Adopted by 161 state parties as of 1 Nov 2013
- International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (16 December 1966, In force 23
March, Adopted by 115 States as of 1 Nov 2013
- Convention on the elimination of all forms of discrimination against women (CEDAW).
Ratified by 187 state parties on Nov 2013.
Most ratified
- Convention on rights of the child. 193 states on nov 1 2013

Other key treaties

Key characteristics of UN treaties


- Independent monitoring bodies
- Separation between civil/political and economic/social/cultural rights

ICESCR vs ICCPR

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